FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Wirshing, DA Wirshing, W Gonzalez, L Rossotto, E Watson, J Pierre, JM Kern, RS Hwang, S Ballon, J Pien, J AF Wirshing, DA Wirshing, W Gonzalez, L Rossotto, E Watson, J Pierre, JM Kern, RS Hwang, S Ballon, J Pien, J TI The community re-entry program for schizophrenia: Neurocognitive and psychopathologic correlates of treatment response SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 455 BP 131S EP 131S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000448 ER PT J AU Kemether, EM Buchsbaum, MS Hazlett, E Shinwari, A Mitropoulou, V Siever, LJ Byne, WM AF Kemether, EM Buchsbaum, MS Hazlett, E Shinwari, A Mitropoulou, V Siever, LJ Byne, WM TI Assessment of thalamic mediodorsal nucleus and pulvinar using magnetic resonance imaging in schizophrenia spectrum disorders SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 459 BP 132S EP 132S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000452 ER PT J AU Leonard, S Gault, J Hopkins, J Logel, J Vianzon, R Drebing, C Short, M Walton, K Berger, R Ross, R Olincy, A Adler, L Freedman, R AF Leonard, S Gault, J Hopkins, J Logel, J Vianzon, R Drebing, C Short, M Walton, K Berger, R Ross, R Olincy, A Adler, L Freedman, R TI DNA variants in the alpha 7 nicotinic receptor gene promoter are associated with schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Res Ctr, Denver, CO USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 571 BP 166S EP 166S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000562 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, RD AF Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, RD TI Increased level of mercaptans in postmortem brains from schizophrenic patients SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 591 BP 172S EP 172S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000582 ER PT J AU Wirshing, DA Boyd, J Meng, L Ballon, J Wirshing, WC AF Wirshing, DA Boyd, J Meng, L Ballon, J Wirshing, WC TI Antipsychotic medication: Impact on coronary artery disease risk factors SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 604 BP 175S EP 176S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000595 ER PT J AU Gutkind, D Ventura, J Barr, C Shaner, A Green, M Mintz, J AF Gutkind, D Ventura, J Barr, C Shaner, A Green, M Mintz, J TI Factors affecting reliability and confidence of DSM-III-R psychosis-related diagnosis SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; bipolar disorder; schizotypal personality; schizoaffective disorder; substance-induced psychotic disorders ID BIZARRE DELUSIONS; QUALITY ASSURANCE AB The relationships between interrater diagnostic reliability, confidence in diagnosis, DSM-III-R criteria ambiguity and case report data quality were examined in 20 case vignettes describing psychosis-related symptomatology. Each of seven diagnosticians made DSM-III-R diagnoses and gave confidence ratings for those diagnoses, as well as ratings on quality of data presented and clarity of diagnostic criteria for each vignette. As hypothesized, confidence ratings significantly predicted interrater diagnostic agreement. Clarity of DSM-III-R criteria positively correlated with both interrater reliability and confidence. Case report data quality correlated with diagnostic confidence but, contrary to the authors' hypothesis, did not correlate with interrater agreement. The authors conclude that confidence ratings may be useful indices of diagnostic reliability among experienced clinicians and suggest that the case report method allows fur reliable diagnoses to be made. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Res Treatment & Rehabil Psychosis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Ventura, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Res Treatment & Rehabil Psychosis, 300 Med Plaza,Room 2243, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 101 IS 3 BP 269 EP 275 DI 10.1016/S0165-1781(01)00223-2 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 429CB UT WOS:000168497500008 PM 11311930 ER PT J AU Tapp, A Wood, AE Kilzieh, N Erdmann, JM AF Tapp, A Wood, AE Kilzieh, N Erdmann, JM TI Depressive symptoms, cognition, and functional outcome in schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, MIRECC, Amer Lake Div, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 1-2 SU S SI SI BP 23 EP 23 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 427NG UT WOS:000168411700072 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Leonard, SS Reddy, RD AF Yao, JK Leonard, SS Reddy, RD TI Increased nitric oxide radicals in postmortem brains from schizophrenic patients SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 1-2 SU S SI SI BP 58 EP 58 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 427NG UT WOS:000168411700191 ER PT J AU Freedman, R Leonard, SS AF Freedman, R Leonard, SS TI Chromosome 15q linkage for schizophrenia in the NIMH genetics initiative families SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VAMC, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 1-2 SU S SI SI BP 70 EP 70 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 427NG UT WOS:000168411700230 ER PT J AU Kee, KS Holaway, RM Kuo, JR Green, MF AF Kee, KS Holaway, RM Kuo, JR Green, MF TI Emotional processing deficits in schizophrenia: Relationship to social adjustment and familial vulnerability SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, MIRECC, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 1-2 SU S SI SI BP 111 EP 111 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 427NG UT WOS:000168411700369 ER PT J AU Wood, AE Secrest, LL Tapp, A AF Wood, AE Secrest, LL Tapp, A TI Cognition, psychiatric symptoms, and dimensions of community functioning in schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MIRECC, Amer Lake Div A116, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 1-2 SU S SI SI BP 124 EP 125 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 427NG UT WOS:000168411700418 ER PT J AU Secrest, LL Wood, AE Tapp, A Cubberley, L AF Secrest, LL Wood, AE Tapp, A Cubberley, L TI Use of the Allen Cognitive Level Test as an estimate of comunity functioning in patients with schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 1-2 SU S SI SI BP 144 EP 145 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 427NG UT WOS:000168411700486 ER PT J AU Pierre, JM Wirshing, DA Marder, SR Saunders, CS Wirshing, WC AF Pierre, JM Wirshing, DA Marder, SR Saunders, CS Wirshing, WC TI Sexual side effects of novel antipsychotic medications SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 1-2 SU S SI SI BP 289 EP 289 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 427NG UT WOS:000168411700982 ER PT J AU Wirshing, DA Boyd, J Meng, L Ballon, J Champion, K Wirshing, WC AF Wirshing, DA Boyd, J Meng, L Ballon, J Champion, K Wirshing, WC TI Antipsychotic medication: Impact on coronary artery disease risk factors SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 1-2 SU S SI SI BP 291 EP 291 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 427NG UT WOS:000168411700988 ER PT J AU Hirshkowitz, M Schwartz, J Corser, B Sahota, P AF Hirshkowitz, M Schwartz, J Corser, B Sahota, P TI Long-term (136 weeks) safety and efficacy of modafinil for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Integris Sleep Disorders Ctr Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Community Res Management Assoc, Cincinnati, OH USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 577 BP A329 EP A330 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900576 ER PT J AU Nienhuis, R Moore, RY Thannickal, TC Siegel, JM AF Nienhuis, R Moore, RY Thannickal, TC Siegel, JM TI Morphology of hypocretin neurons in human narcolepsy SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 154 BP A95 EP A95 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900156 ER PT J AU Ross, RJ Book, HW Sanford, LD Silver, SM Ford, NM Huff, RM Morrison, AR AF Ross, RJ Book, HW Sanford, LD Silver, SM Ford, NM Huff, RM Morrison, AR TI REM activity increase in PTSD does not depend on a depressive diathesis and alcoholism SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 191 BP A118 EP A118 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900193 ER PT J AU Sanford, LD Tang, X Ross, RJ Morrison, AR AF Sanford, LD Tang, X Ross, RJ Morrison, AR TI Influence of anticipatory anxiety on sleep in behaviorally "anxious" and "non-anxious" mice SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 84 BP A53 EP A54 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900086 ER PT J AU Tang, X Ross, RJ Morrison, AR Sanford, LD AF Tang, X Ross, RJ Morrison, AR Sanford, LD TI Telemetry for naturalistic sleep recording: Results in inbred and hybrid mice SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 712 BP A401 EP A402 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900710 ER PT J AU Xi, X McGinty, D Szymusiak, R AF Xi, X McGinty, D Szymusiak, R TI Acute handling stress induces respiratory depression in rats SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE; OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, North Hills, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 24 SU S MA 515 BP A296 EP A296 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424KF UT WOS:000168230900514 ER PT J AU Fihn, SD AF Fihn, SD TI Quality of care in the Veterans Health Administration. Reply SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Fihn, SD (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 12 PY 2001 VL 344 IS 15 BP 1169 EP 1170 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 420EC UT WOS:000167990600021 ER PT J AU Hakak, Y Walker, JR Li, C Wong, WH Davis, KL Buxbaum, JD Haroutunian, V Fienberg, AA AF Hakak, Y Walker, JR Li, C Wong, WH Davis, KL Buxbaum, JD Haroutunian, V Fienberg, AA TI Genome-wide expression analysis reveals dysregulation of myelination-related genes in chronic schizophrenia SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PREFRONTAL CORTEX; OLIGODENDROCYTE DEVELOPMENT; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAYS; TRANSGENIC MICE; PROTEIN GAP-43; DENSITY; RECEPTOR; OVEREXPRESSION; NEUROPATHOLOGY; GLYCOPROTEIN AB Neuropathological and brain imaging studies suggest that schizophrenia may result from neurodevelopmental defects. Cytoarchitectural studies indicate cellular abnormalities suggestive of a disruption in neuronal connectivity in schizophrenia, particularly in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying these findings remain unclear. To identify molecular substrates associated with schizophrenia, DNA microarray analysis was used to assay gene expression levels in postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic and control patients. Genes determined to have altered expression levels in schizophrenics relative to controls are involved in a number of biological processes, including synaptic plasticity, neuronal development, neurotransmission, and signal transduction. Most notable was the differential expression of myelination-related genes suggesting a disruption in oligodendrocyte function in schizophrenia. C1 Novartis Res Fdn, Genom Inst, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10021 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. RP Fienberg, AA (reprint author), Novartis Res Fdn, Genom Inst, 3115 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. OI Buxbaum, Joseph/0000-0001-8898-8313 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH45212] NR 40 TC 817 Z9 840 U1 1 U2 12 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 10 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 8 BP 4746 EP 4751 DI 10.1073/pnas.081071198 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 421HV UT WOS:000168059700086 PM 11296301 ER PT J AU Levine, GN Ali, MN Schafer, AI AF Levine, GN Ali, MN Schafer, AI TI Antithrombotic therapy in patients with acute coronary syndromes SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; UNSTABLE ANGINA-PECTORIS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT HEPARIN; PRACTICE GUIDELINES COMMITTEE; TISSUE-PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; DIRECT THROMBIN-INHIBITOR; CLINICAL-TRIALS SESSIONS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; ASSOCIATION TASK-FORCE; UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN AB The potential armamentarium of agents used in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes continues to expand, including such well-tested agents as aspirin, unfractionated heparin, and earlier-generation fibrinolytic agents, and newer agents such as low-molecular-weight heparins, direct thrombin inhibitors, thienopyridines, platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors, and bolus-administration fibrinolytic agents. Older and newer antithrombotic agents have undergone and continue to undergo intensive clinical investigation in patients with the clinical spectrum of acute coronary syndromes, which includes unstable angina, non-Q-wave (non-ST-segment elevation) myocardial infarction, and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. These studies, often conducted on an international scope and involving thousands of patients, provide data allowing practitioners to optimize the care of patients with acute coronary syndromes. In this article, studies of these established and newer agents in the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndromes are reviewed critically and summarized. Recommendations regarding use of antithrombotic agents inpatients with acute coronary syndromes are then given. C1 Houston VA Med Ctr 111B, Sect Cardiol 3C330, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Methodist Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Levine, GN (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr 111B, Sect Cardiol 3C330, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RI bashzar, salman/R-5748-2016 NR 99 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD APR 9 PY 2001 VL 161 IS 7 BP 937 EP 948 DI 10.1001/archinte.161.7.937 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 419HY UT WOS:000167944300005 PM 11295956 ER PT J AU Jiang, YP Ballou, LM Lin, RZ AF Jiang, YP Ballou, LM Lin, RZ TI Rapamycin-insensitive regulation of 4E-BP1 in regenerating rat liver SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID P70 S6 KINASE; PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A; MESSENGER-RNA TRANSLATION; MAMMALIAN TARGET; PHAS-I; PHOSPHORYLATION SITES; 3-KINASE INHIBITORS; INITIATION-FACTORS; SIGNALING PATHWAY; TOR PROTEINS AB In cultured cells, growth factor-induced phosphorylation of two translation modulators, p70 S6 kinase and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), is blocked by nanomolar concentrations of the immunosuppressant rapamycin. Rapamycin also attenuates liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy, but it is not known if this growth-suppressive effect is due to dephosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase and/or 4E-BP1. We found that partial hepatectomy induced a transient increase in liver p70 S6 kinase activity and 4E-8P1 phosphorylation as compared with sham-operated rats. The amount of p70 S6 kinase protein in regenerating liver did not increase, but active kinase from partially hepatectomized animals was highly phosphorylated. Phosphorylated 4E-BP1 from regenerating liver was unable to form an inhibitory complex with initiation factor 4E. Rapamycin blocked the activation of p70 S6 kinase in response to partial hepatectomy in a dose-dependent manner, but 4E-BP1 phosphorylation was not inhibited. By contrast, functional phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 induced by injection of cycloheximide or growth factors was partially reversed by the drug. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been proposed to directly phosphorylate 4E-BP1. Western blot analysis using phospho-specific antibodies showed that phosphorylation of Thr-36/45 and Ser-64 increased in response to partial hepatectomy in a rapamycin-resistant manner. Thus, rapamycin inhibits p70 S6 kinase activation and liver regeneration, but not functional phosphorylation of 4E-BP1, in response to partial hepatectomy. These results indicate that the effect of rapamycin on 4E-BP1 function in vivo can be significantly different from its effect in cultured cells. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Res Serv, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Lin, RZ (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Mail Code 7764,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI Lin, Richard/J-1754-2014 OI Lin, Richard/0000-0002-3473-7276 NR 63 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 6 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 14 BP 10943 EP 10951 DI 10.1074/jbc.M007758200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 420AC UT WOS:000167980900052 PM 11278364 ER PT J AU Makhlouf, AA Namboodiri, AMS McDermott, PJ AF Makhlouf, AA Namboodiri, AMS McDermott, PJ TI Transcriptional regulation of the rat eIF4E gene in cardiac muscle cells: the role of specific elements in the promoter region SO GENE LA English DT Article DE translation; protein synthesis; initiation factors; hypertrophy ID EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION; MESSENGER-RNA; FACTOR EIF-4E; C-MYC; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; EXPRESSION; GROWTH; OVEREXPRESSION; PROGRESSION; EIF-2-ALPHA AB Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) binds to the 7-methylguanosine cap of mRNA and facilitates binding of mRNA to the 40 S ribosome, a rate-limiting step in translation initiation. The expression of eIF4E mRNA and protein increases during growth of cardiac muscle cells (cardiocytes) in vitro. To examine transcriptional regulation of the rat eIF4E gene, 2.1 kB of the rat eIF4E promoter region was cloned and the contribution of specific elements in regulating transcription was determined in primary cultures of rat cardiocytes and in a murine C2C12 myoblast cell line. Sequence analysis of the rat eIF4E promoter revealed 80% sequence similarity with human eIF4E. A putative distal E-box was found at -230 bp and a proximal E-box was located at -77 bp upstream of the transcription start site. Consensus AP-1 motifs were found at -839 and -901 bp and designated as the proximal AP-1 site and distal AP-1 site, respectively. Transfection of reporter gene constructs into cardiocytes showed that deletion of the region between -633 and -318 bp produced a 3-fold increase in basal transcription as compared to the 2.1 kB eIF4E promoter construct. Further deletion of the distal E-box region had no effect on transcription as compared with ;the 2.1 kB promoter, but deletion of both E-boxes eliminated transcriptional activity. Similar results were obtained in C2C12 myoblasts. To further investigate transcriptional regulation, point mutations were made in the 2.1 kB eIF4E promoter. Mutation of either the distal or proximal E-box had minimal effects on activity in either cell type, but mutation of the distal AP-1 site significantly reduced eIF4E promoter activity by 66 +/- 4% in cardiocytes. In C2C12 myoblasts, mutating the distal AP-1 site reduced activity by 30 +/- 4%. We conclude that both E-boxes are required for maximal basal activity of the eIF4E promoter, and that the distal AP-1 motif may activate transcription. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP McDermott, PJ (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD APR 4 PY 2001 VL 267 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00399-7 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 424FU UT WOS:000168222300001 PM 11311550 ER PT J AU Schwartz, GG Olsson, AG Ezekowitz, MD Ganz, P Oliver, MF Waters, D Zeiher, A Chaitman, BR Leslie, S Stern, T AF Schwartz, GG Olsson, AG Ezekowitz, MD Ganz, P Oliver, MF Waters, D Zeiher, A Chaitman, BR Leslie, S Stern, T CA Myocardial Ischemia Reduction Agg TI Effects of atorvastatin on early recurrent ischemic events in acute coronary syndromes - The MIRACL study: A randomized controlled trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID IMPROVES ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION; CHOLESTEROL REDUCTION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; BASE-LINE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; SIMVASTATIN; PRAVASTATIN; INHIBITION AB Context Patients experience the highest rate of death and recurrent ischemic events during the early period after an acute coronary syndrome, but it is not known whether early initiation of treatment with a statin can reduce the occurrence of these early events. Objective To determine whether treatment with atorvastatin, 80 mg/d, initiated 24 to 96 hours after an acute coronary syndrome, reduces death and nonfatal ischemic events. Design and Setting A randomized, double-blind trial conducted from May 1997 to September 1999, with follow-up through 16 weeks at 122 clinical centers in Europe, North America, South Africa, and Australasia. Patients A total of 3086 adults aged 18 years or older with unstable angina or non-Q-wave acute myocardial infarction. Interventions Patients were stratified by center and randomly assigned to receive treatment with atorvastatin (80 mg/d) or matching placebo between 24 and 96 hours after hospital admission. Main Outcome Measures Primary end point event defined as death, nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest with resuscitation, or recurrent symptomatic myocardial ischemia with objective evidence and requiring emergency rehospitalization. Results A primary end point event occurred in 228 patients (14.8%) in the atorvastatin group and 269 patients (17.4%) in the placebo group (relative risk [RR], 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70-1.00; P = .048). There were no significant differences in risk of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or cardiac arrest between the atorvastatin group and the placebo group, although the atorvastatin group had a lower risk of symptomatic ischemia with objective evidence and requiring emergency rehospitalization (6.2% vs 8.4%; RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57-0.95; P = .02). Likewise, there were no significant differences between the atorvastatin group and the placebo group in the incidence of secondary outcomes of coronary revascularization procedures, worsening heart failure, or worsening angina, although there were fewer strokes in the atorvastatin group than in the placebo group (12 vs 24 events; P = .045). In the atorvastatin group, mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level declined from 124 mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L) to 72 mg/dL (1.9 mmol/L). Abnormal liver transaminases (>3 times upper limit of normal) were more common in the atorvastatin group than in the placebo group (2.5% vs 0.6%; P < .001). Conclusion For patients with acute coronary syndrome, lipid-lowering therapy with atorvastatin, 80 mg/d, reduces recurrent ischemic events in the first 16 weeks, mostly recurrent symptomatic ischemia requiring rehospitalization. C1 Denver VA Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect 111B, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Linkoping Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Linkoping, Sweden. Hahnemann Univ, Philadelphia, PA USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Cardiovasc, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London, England. San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Cardiol, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Frankfurt, Dept Cardiol, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, St Louis, MO USA. Pfizer Pharmaceut Res, New York, NY USA. Pfizer Pharmaceut Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Schwartz, GG (reprint author), Denver VA Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect 111B, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 19 TC 1515 Z9 1643 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 4 PY 2001 VL 285 IS 13 BP 1711 EP 1718 DI 10.1001/jama.285.13.1711 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 415FR UT WOS:000167710600024 PM 11277825 ER PT J AU Carbo, N Lopez-Soriano, J Costelli, P Alvarez, B Busquets, S Baccino, FM Quinn, LS Lopez-Soriano, FJ Argiles, JM AF Carbo, N Lopez-Soriano, J Costelli, P Alvarez, B Busquets, S Baccino, FM Quinn, LS Lopez-Soriano, FJ Argiles, JM TI Interleukin-15 mediates reciprocal regulation of adipose and muscle mass: A potential role in body weight control SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS LA English DT Article DE interleukin-15; protein turnover; lipoprotein lipase; lipogenesis; cytokine ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; FACTOR-ALPHA; PROTEIN-TURNOVER; GENE-EXPRESSION; BEARING RATS; LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; LIPID-METABOLISM; CANCER CACHEXIA AB Interleukin (IL)-15 is a cytokine which is highly expressed in skeletal muscle. Cell culture studies have indicated that IL-15 may have an important role in muscle fiber growth and anabolism. However, data concerning the metabolic effects of this cytokine in vivo are lacking. In the present study, IL-15 was administered to adult rats for 7 days. While IL-15 did not cause changes in either muscle mass or muscle protein content, it induced significant changes in the fractional rates of both muscle protein synthesis and degradation, with no net changes in protein accumulation. Additionally, IL-15 administration resulted in a 33% decrease in white adipose tissue mass and a 20% decrease in circulating triacylglycerols; this was associated with a 47% lower hepatic lipogenic rate and a 36% lower plasma VLDL triacylglycerol content. The decrease in white fat induced by IL-15 was in adipose tissue. No changes were observed in the rate of lipolysis as a result of cytokine administration. These findings indicate that IL-15 has significant effects on both protein and lipid metabolism, and suggest that this cytokine may participate in reciprocal regulation of muscle and adipose tissue mass. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Barcelona, Fac Biol, Dept Bioquim & Biol Mol, Canc Res Grp, E-08071 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Med & Oncol Sperimentale, Turin, Italy. CNR, Ctr Immunogenet & Expt Oncol, Turin, Italy. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Amer Lake Div, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Argiles, JM (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Fac Biol, Dept Bioquim & Biol Mol, Canc Res Grp, Diagonal 645, E-08071 Barcelona, Spain. EM argiles@porthos.bio.ub.es NR 45 TC 81 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4165 J9 BBA-GEN SUBJECTS JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Gen. Subj. PD APR 3 PY 2001 VL 1526 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1016/S0304-4165(00)00188-4 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 419HE UT WOS:000167942600005 PM 11287118 ER PT J AU Romeo, HE Tio, DL Rahman, SU Chiappelli, F Taylor, AN AF Romeo, HE Tio, DL Rahman, SU Chiappelli, F Taylor, AN TI The glossopharyngeal nerve as a novel pathway in immune-to-brain communication: relevance to neuroimmune surveillance of the oral cavity SO JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE glossopharyngeal nerve transection; lipopolysaccharide; interleukin-1 beta; fever; soft palate; rat ID FETAL ALCOHOL EXPOSURE; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SUBDIAPHRAGMATIC VAGOTOMY; CIRCULATING PYROGENS; SELECTIVE VAGOTOMIES; VAGAL INNERVATION; SICKNESS BEHAVIOR; VAGUS NERVE; RAT; FEVER AB Glossopharyngeal afferents may be the neural channel by which immune challenge of the posterior oral cavity conveys information to the brain, If this is the case, then bilateral transection of the glossopharyngeal nerves (GLOx) should disrupt this communication. Injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interleukin (IL)-1 beta into the soft palate (ISP) of sham-operated rats induced a dose-related febrile response. GLOx significantly attenuated the febrile response induced by ISP injection of both LPS and IL-IP. In contrast, GLOx did not affect the febrile response when LPS or IL-1 beta were injected intraperitoneally, indicating that the effect of GLOx is not systemic. These results provide experimental evidence for a novel neural pathway for immune-to-brain communication. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Dent, Div Oral Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Taylor, AN (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA09850] NR 53 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-5728 J9 J NEUROIMMUNOL JI J. Neuroimmunol. PD APR 2 PY 2001 VL 115 IS 1-2 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1016/S0165-5728(01)00270-3 PG 10 WC Immunology; Neurosciences SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 419JW UT WOS:000167946400010 PM 11282158 ER PT J AU Filley, CM Kelly, JP Price, BH AF Filley, CM Kelly, JP Price, BH TI Violence and the brain: An urgent need for research SO SCIENTIST LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Inst Rehabil, Chicago, IL USA. McLean Hosp, Belmont, MA 02178 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Filley, CM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCIENTIST INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 MARKET ST SUITE 450, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA SN 0890-3670 J9 SCIENTIST JI Scientist PD APR 2 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 7 BP 39 EP 39 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Information Science & Library Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 423GQ UT WOS:000168167400023 ER PT J AU Seage, GR Holte, SE Metzger, D Koblin, BA Gross, M Celum, C Marmor, M Woody, G Mayer, KH Stevens, C Judson, FN McKirnan, D Sheon, A Self, S Buchbinder, SP AF Seage, GR Holte, SE Metzger, D Koblin, BA Gross, M Celum, C Marmor, M Woody, G Mayer, KH Stevens, C Judson, FN McKirnan, D Sheon, A Self, S Buchbinder, SP TI Are US populations appropriate for trials of human immunodeficiency virus vaccine? The HIVNET Vaccine Preparedness Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cohort studies; HIV infections; incidence; vaccination; vaccines ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; NEW-YORK-CITY; EFFICACY TRIALS; BISEXUAL MEN; COMMUNITY CONCERNS; UNITED-STATES; RISK BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL-ISSUES; INFECTION; SEROCONVERSION AB Questions exist about whether testing of preventive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 vaccines, which will require rapid recruitment and retention of cohorts with high HIV-1 seroincidence, is feasible in the United States. A prospective cohort study was conducted in 1995-1997 among 4,892 persons at high risk for HIV infection in nine US cities. At 18 months, with an 88% retention rate, 90 incident HIV-1 infections were observed (1.31/100 person-years (PY), 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.61). HIV-I seroincidence rates varied significantly by baseline eligibility criteria-1.55/100 PY among men who had sex with men, 0.38/100 PY among male intravenous drug users, 1.24/100 PY among female intravenous drug users, and 1.13/100 PY among women at heterosexual risk-and by enrollment site, from 0.48/100 PY to 2.18/100 PY. HIV-1 incidence was highest among those men who had sex with men who reported unprotected anal intercourse (2.01/100 PY, 95% CI: 1.54, 2.63), participants who were definitely willing to enroll in an HIV vaccine trial (1.96/100 PY, 95% CI: 1.41, 2.73), and women who used crack cocaine (1.62/100 PY, 95% CI: 0.92, 2.85). Therefore, cohorts with HIV-1 seroincidence rates appropriate for HIV-1 vaccine trials can be recruited, enrolled, and retained. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Stat Ctr HIV AIDS Res & Prevent SCHARP, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Penn, VA Ctr Studies Addict, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, VA Ctr Studies Addict, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. New York Blood Ctr, Lab Epidemiol, New York, NY 10021 USA. NIAID, Div Aids, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, New York, NY USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. Fenway Community Hlth Ctr, Dept Res, Providence, RI USA. Brown Univ, Denver, CO USA. Denver Dept Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Psychol, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. Howard Brown Hlth Ctr, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Seage, GR (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. OI Marmor, Michael/0000-0001-6605-2661 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01RR00096]; NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-35176, AI 27742, N01-AI-45200] NR 49 TC 84 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 153 IS 7 BP 619 EP 627 DI 10.1093/aje/153.7.619 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 419CD UT WOS:000167931000001 PM 11282787 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Lee, P Buchner, A Inadomi, JM Gavin, M McCarthy, DM AF El-Serag, HB Lee, P Buchner, A Inadomi, JM Gavin, M McCarthy, DM TI Lansoprazole treatment of patients with chronic idiopathic laryngitis: A placebo-controlled trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE; POSTERIOR LARYNGITIS; CHRONIC COUGH; OMEPRAZOLE; REPRODUCIBILITY; ESOPHAGITIS; HOARSENESS; LARYNGEAL; SYMPTOMS; ACID AB OBJECTIVE: Previous uncontrolled studies suggested a therapeutic benefit for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) among patients with laryngitis. The present study is the first randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of gastric acid suppression among patients with laryngitis in the United States. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with idiopathic chronic laryngitis were randomized to receive either lansoprazole 30 mg p.o. b.i.d. or a matching placebo for 3 months. Before randomization, all patients underwent upper endoscopy, dual probe ambulatory 24-h esophageal pH-metry, and laryngoscopy, as well as completing a symptom questionnaire for GERD and laryngitis. The primary outcome of treatment was the complete resolution of laryngeal symptoms. RESULTS: A total of 22 patients with symptoms and signs of chronic laryngitis were enrolled, 20 of whom completed the study. At baseline, there were no significant differences between the two groups with regards to GERD symptoms, erosive esophagitis, proximal and distal esophageal pH-metry, or laryngeal signs and symptoms. In an intention-to-treat analysis, six patients in the lansoprazole group (50%) and only one patient (10%) in the placebo group achieved a complete symptomatic response, p = 0.04. Apart from receiving lansoprazole, there were no significant differences between responders and nonresponders in any of baseline esophageal or laryngeal signs and symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Empirical treatment with lansoprazole is efficacious in relieving symptoms of laryngitis compared to placebo. Such treatment can be considered as a first-line option in managing patients with idiopathic chronic laryngitis. (Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96:979-983. (C) 2001 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology). C1 Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Albuquerque VA Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Albuquerque, NM USA. Albuquerque VA Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Albuquerque, NM USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Ann Arbor VA Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Ann Arbor VA Med Ctr, Div Hlth Serv Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, 152,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RI Inadomi, John/A-6221-2014 OI Inadomi, John/0000-0001-6776-8661 NR 24 TC 106 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 96 IS 4 BP 979 EP 983 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 422RR UT WOS:000168133500013 PM 11316215 ER PT J AU Yu, EI Glassman, PA Asch, SM Paige, NM Passman, LJ Shekelle, PG AF Yu, EI Glassman, PA Asch, SM Paige, NM Passman, LJ Shekelle, PG TI Cost-sharing for prescriptions of sildenafil and finasteride: A case study in veteran patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article ID WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; MANAGED CARE; LIFE; VIAGRA AB Objective: To evaluate patients' willingness to share the costs of 2 medications (often described as "lifestyle medicdtions"): sildenafil for erectile dysfunction and finasteride Tor hair loss, which are not routinely covered by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system. Study Design: Self-administered, anonymous survey. Patients and Methods: Adult men (n = 339) were recruited from waiting rooms for primary care or erectile dysfunction clinic appointments at 2 Los Angeles VA facilities. Results: Participants with self-reported need were analyzed separately for finasteride (primary care patients only) and sildenafil (both primary care and erectile dysfunction clinic patients). The mean age of the participants was 56 and 60 years for the finasteride and sildenafil groups, respectively. Mean annual household income for both groups was under $10,000. Respondents reported a mean willingness to cost share $4.20 for a 30-day prescription of daily finasteride (VA wholesale cost = $27) and $5.40 for 4 sildenafil pills (VA wholesale cost = $20). In the multivariate analysis, higher income (P = .002) and increasing self-reported need for medication(P = .04) were associated with increased willingness to cost-share for finasteride after controlling for age, race/ethnicity, insured status, comorbid conditions, and type of clinic. In addition, younger age (P = .01) was associated with greater willingness to cost-share for sildenafile. Conclusions: In this low-income veteran population, patients with a sell-reported need for sildenafil and finasteride would be willing to make a higher copayment than the current VA maximum copayment of $2.00 per 30-day prescription, if these medicines were made available. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Gen Internal Med, Ctr Study Healthcare Provider Behav, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Yu, EI (reprint author), 11301 Wilshire Blvd 111G, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM emily.yu@med.va.gov NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MED PUBLISHING, M W C COMPANY PI JAMESBURG PA 241 FORSGATE DR, STE 102, JAMESBURG, NJ 08831 USA SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG CARE JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD APR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 4 BP 345 EP 353 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 420PK UT WOS:000168013200003 PM 11310190 ER PT J AU Feiwell, RJ Besmertis, L Sarkar, R Saloner, DA Rapp, JH AF Feiwell, RJ Besmertis, L Sarkar, R Saloner, DA Rapp, JH TI Detection of clinically silent infarcts after carotid endarterectomy by use of diffusion-weighted imaging SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Neuroradiology CY APR, 2000 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Amer Soc Neuroradiol ID MICROEMBOLI; ISCHEMIA; BRAIN; RISK; MRI AB BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intraprocedural transcranial Doppler sonography has identified multiple microembolic events during and immediately after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or angioplasty, yet the rate of clinically evident stroke is small. To determine the significance of the transcranial Doppler sonography findings, we examined patients by use of diffusion-weighted imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR imaging before and immediately after CEA for evidence of clinically silent ischemic events. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with atherosclerotic disease of the carotid arteries underwent diffusion-weighted imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR imaging performed, on average, 3 days before and 12 hours after CEA, Diffusion-weighted images were acquired in three orthogonal directions at b = 900, Pre- and postoperative neurologic examinations mere performed by the same physician. RESULTS: After endarterectomy, 4.0% of the patients (one of 25 patients) showed a single, cortical focus of restricted diffusion and new fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensity, measuring <1 cm in diameter, ipsilateral to the CEA, The postoperative neurologic examination showed no change in status from the preoperative baseline state. This patient had an intraoperative course complicated by the development of a large luminal thrombus, necessitating thrombectomy, CONCLUSION: The use of diffusion-weighted imaging may serve to improve conspicuity of clinically silent infarcts after CEA, An important next step is to determine the risk factors that predispose to detectable parenchymal ischemic events. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Neuroradiol Sect, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. SAn Francisco Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Feiwell, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Neuroradiol Sect, 505 Parnassus Ave,Room L371, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL56307] NR 16 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY PI OAK BROOK PA 2210 MIDWEST RD, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 USA SN 0195-6108 J9 AM J NEURORADIOL JI Am. J. Neuroradiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 22 IS 4 BP 646 EP 649 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 423CA UT WOS:000168156800010 PM 11290471 ER PT J AU Yan, WT Sunavala, G Rosenzweig, S Dasso, M Brand, JG Spielman, AI AF Yan, WT Sunavala, G Rosenzweig, S Dasso, M Brand, JG Spielman, AI TI Bitter taste transduced by PLC-beta(2)-dependent rise in IP3 and alpha-gustducin-dependent fall in cyclic nucleotides SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE taste transduction; denatonium; second messenger; rapid kinetics; taste receptors; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate; phospholipase C ID PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; RECEPTOR-CELLS; INOSITOL 1,4,5-TRISPHOSPHATE; FUNGIFORM PAPILLA; SWEET TASTE; SUBSTANCES; STIMULI; MECHANISMS; SACCHARIN; PATHWAYS AB Current evidence points to the existence of multiple processes for bitter taste transduction. Previous work demonstrated involvement of the polyphosphoinositide system and an alpha -gustducin (G alpha (gust))-mediated stimulation of phosphodiesterase in bitter taste transduction. Additionally, a taste-enriched G protein gamma -subunit, G gamma (13), colocalizes with G alpha (gust) and mediates the denatonium-stimulated production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Using quench-flow techniques, we show here that the bitter stimuli, denatonium and strychnine, induce rapid (50-100 ms) and transient reductions in cAMP and cGMP and increases in IP3 in murine taste tissue. This decrease of cyclic nucleotides is inhibited by G alpha (gust) antibodies, whereas the increase in IP3 is not affected by antibodies to G alpha (gust). IP3 production is inhibited by antibodies specific to phospholipase C-beta (2) (PLC-beta (2)), a PLC isoform known to be activated by G beta gamma -subunits. Antibodies to PLC-beta (3) or to PLC-beta (4) were without effect. These data suggest a transduction mechanism for bitter taste involving the rapid and transient metabolism of dual second messenger systems, both mediated through a taste cell G protein, likely composed of G alpha (gust)/beta/gamma (13), with both systems being simultaneously activated in the same bitter-sensitive taste receptor cell. C1 NYU, Coll Dent, Dept Basic Sci & Craniofacial Biol, Div Biol Sci Med & Surg, New York, NY 10010 USA. Monell Chem Senses Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Spielman, AI (reprint author), NYU, Coll Dent, Dept Basic Sci & Craniofacial Biol, Div Biol Sci Med & Surg, 345 E 24th St, New York, NY 10010 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC-00356, DC-03969]; NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-10754] NR 59 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 280 IS 4 BP C742 EP C751 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 410QX UT WOS:000167451600002 PM 11245589 ER PT J AU Baker, AJ Redfern, CH Harwood, MD Simpson, PC Conklin, BR AF Baker, AJ Redfern, CH Harwood, MD Simpson, PC Conklin, BR TI Abnormal contraction caused by expression of G(i)-coupled receptor in transgenic model of dilated cardiomyopathy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE signaling; calcium; G proteins; mouse ID DESIGNED G(I)-COUPLED RECEPTOR; HEART-FAILURE; CONDITIONAL EXPRESSION; G-PROTEINS; ALPHA; FORCE; MICE AB Although increased G(i) signaling has been associated with dilated cardiomyopathy in humans, its role is not clear. Our goal was to determine the effects of chronically increased G(i) signaling on myocardial function. We studied transgenic mice that expressed a G(i)-coupled receptor (Ro1) that was targeted to the heart and regulated by a tetracycline-controlled expression system. Ro1 expression for 8 wk resulted in abnormal contractions of right ventricular muscle strips in vitro. Ro1 expression reduced myocardial force by >60% (from 35 +/- 3 to 13 +/- 2 mN/mm(2), P< 0.001). Nevertheless, sensitivity to extracellular Ca2+ was enhanced. The extracellular [Ca2+] resulting in half-maximal force was lower with Ro1 expression compared with control (0.41 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.88 +/- 0.05 mM, P< 0.001). Ro1 expression slowed both contraction and relaxation kinetics, increasing the twitch time to peak (143 +/- 6 vs. 100 +/- 4 ms in control, P< 0.001) and the time to half relaxation (124 +/- 6 vs. 75 +/- 6 ms in control, P< 0.001). Increased pacing frequency increased contractile force threefold in control myocardium (P< 0.001) but caused no increase of force in Ro1-expressing myocardium. When stimulation was interrupted with rests, postrest force increased in control myocardium, but there was postrest decay of force in Ro1-expressing myocardium. These results suggest that defects in contractility mediated by G(i) signaling may contribute to the development of dilated cardiomyopathy. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmacol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Cardiovasc Res, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Gladstone Inst Cardiovasc Dis, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Baker, AJ (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, 111C,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-60664, HL-56257, HL-54890] NR 26 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 280 IS 4 BP H1653 EP H1659 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 410VL UT WOS:000167461700027 PM 11247776 ER PT J AU Christopher, J Velarde, V Zhand, DA Mayfield, D Mayfield, RK Jaffa, AA AF Christopher, J Velarde, V Zhand, DA Mayfield, D Mayfield, RK Jaffa, AA TI Regulation of B-2-kinin receptors by glucose in vascular smooth muscle cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protein kinase C; bradykinin; intracellular calcium ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS; MESANGIAL CELLS; ANGIOTENSIN-II; GROWTH-FACTOR; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; GENE-EXPRESSION; FOS INDUCTION; TGF-BETA AB The development of vascular disease is accelerated in hyperglycemic states. Vascular injury plays a pivotal role in the progression of atherosclerotic vascular disease in diabetes, which is characterized by increased vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation. We previously reported that diabetes alters the activity of the kallikrein- kinin system and results in the upregulation of kinin receptors in the vessel wall. To determine whether glucose can directly influence the regulation of kinin receptors, the independent effect of high glucose (25 mM) on B-2-kinin receptors (B2KR) in VSMC was examined. A threefold increase in B2KR protein levels and a 40% increase in B2KR surface receptors were observed after treatment with high glucose after 24 h. The mRNA levels of B2KR were also significantly increased by high glucose as early as 4 h later. To elucidate the cellular mechanisms by which glucose regulates B2KR, we examined the role of protein kinase C (PKC). High glucose increased total PKC activity and resulted in the translocation of conventional PKC isoforms (beta (1) and beta (2)), novel (epsilon), and atypical (zeta) PKC isoforms into the membrane. Inhibition of PKC activity prevented the increase in B2KR levels induced by ambient high glucose. These findings provide the first evidence that glucose regulates the expression of beta (2) receptors in VSMC and provide a rationale to further study the interaction between glucose and kinins on the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular disease in diabetes. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Cell & Mol Pharmacoll, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Expt Therapeut, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Jaffa, AA (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, 114 Doughty St,POB 250776, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [S10RR13005]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-07260, HL-55782]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-46563] NR 51 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 280 IS 4 BP H1537 EP H1546 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 410VL UT WOS:000167461700015 PM 11247764 ER PT J AU Heilig, CW Kreisberg, JI Freytag, S Murakami, T Ebina, Y Guo, L Heilig, K Loberg, R Qu X Jin, Y Henry, D Brosius, FC AF Heilig, CW Kreisberg, JI Freytag, S Murakami, T Ebina, Y Guo, L Heilig, K Loberg, R Qu, X Jin, Y Henry, D Brosius, FC TI Antisense GLUT-1 protects mesangial cells from glucose induction of GLUT-1 and fibronectin expression SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE glucose; GLUT-1; antisense; chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay; fibronectin ID GLYCOSYLATION END-PRODUCTS; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; GENE-EXPRESSION; KINASE-C; ALDOSE REDUCTASE; POLYOL PATHWAY; MESSENGER-RNA; RAT-KIDNEY; HYPERGLYCEMIA AB A stable clone of rat mesangial cells expressing antisense GLUT-1 (i.e., MCGT1AS cells) was developed to protect them from high glucose exposure. GLUT-1 protein was reduced 50%, and the 2-deoxy-[(3)H] glucose uptake rate was reduced 33% in MCGT1AS. MCLacZ control cells and MCGT1 GLUT-1-overexpressing cells were used for comparisons. In MCLacZ, 20 mM D-glucose increased GLUT-1 transcription 90% vs. no increase in MCGT1AS. Glucose (8 mM) and 12 mM xylitol [a hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt substrate] did not stimulate GLUT-1 transcription. An 87% replacement of the standard 8 mM D-glucose with 3-O-methylglucose reduced GLUT-1 transcription 80%. D-Glucose (20 mM) increased fibronectin mRNA and protein by 47 and 100%, respectively, in MCLacZ vs. no increases in MCGT1AS. Fibronectin synthesis was elevated 48% in MCGT1 and reduced 44% in MCGT1AS. We conclude that 1) transcription of GLUT-1 in response to D-glucose depends on glucose metabolism, although not through the HMP shunt, and 2) antisense GLUT-1 treatment of mesangial cells blocks D-glucose-induced GLUT-1 and fibronectin expression, thereby demonstrating a protective effect that could be beneficial in the setting of diabetes. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Nephrol Unit, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. Henry Ford Hosp, Div Mol Biol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, Coll Human Med, Dept Physiol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Vet Adm Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Tokushima, Sch Med, Tokushima 770, Japan. RP Heilig, CW (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, Ross Bldg 965 S,720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM cheilig@welch.jhu.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1-K08-DK-01953, 1 RO1 DK-54507-01, K11-DK-02193] NR 36 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1931-857X J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 280 IS 4 BP F657 EP F666 PG 10 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA 410VK UT WOS:000167461600012 PM 11249857 ER PT J AU Berg, AO Allan, JD Frame, PS Homer, CJ Lieu, TA Mulrow, CD Orleans, CT Peipert, JF Pender, NJ Sox, HC Teutsch, SM Westhoff, C Woolf, SH AF Berg, AO Allan, JD Frame, PS Homer, CJ Lieu, TA Mulrow, CD Orleans, CT Peipert, JF Pender, NJ Sox, HC Teutsch, SM Westhoff, C Woolf, SH CA US Preventive Serv Task Force TI Screening for skin cancer - Recommendations and rationale SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Washington, Dept Family Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Nursing, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Tri Cty Family Med, Cohocton, NY USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Natl Initiat Childrens Healthcare Qual, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care, Dept Ambulatory Care & Prevent, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Robert Wood Johnson Fdn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Brown Univ, Women & Infants Hosp, Providence, RI 02908 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Med, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. Merck & Co Inc, Outcomes Res & Management, W Point, PA USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, New York, NY 10032 USA. Med Coll Virginia, Dept Family Practice, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Berg, AO (reprint author), US Prevent Serv Task Force, Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Ctr Practice & Technol Assessment, 6010 Execut Blvd,Suite 300, Rockville, MD USA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 20 IS 3 SU S BP 44 EP 46 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(01)00259-8 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 423HV UT WOS:000168170700009 ER PT J AU Pignone, MP Phillips, CJ Atkins, D Teutsch, SM Mulrow, CD Lohr, KN AF Pignone, MP Phillips, CJ Atkins, D Teutsch, SM Mulrow, CD Lohr, KN TI Screening and treating adults for lipid disorders SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular disease; cholesterol; coronary disease; hyperlipidemia; preventive health services; evidence-based medicine; MEDLINE; methods; lipids; mass screening; mortality; drug therapy ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; SERUM-CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; EVENTS CARE TRIAL; BLOOD CHOLESTEROL; PRIMARY-PREVENTION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HEALTH CHECKS; PRAVASTATIN AB Context: Screening and treatment of lipid disorders in people at high risk for future coronary heart disease (CHD) events has gained wide acceptance, especially for patients with known CHD, but the proper role in people with low to medium risk is controversial. Objective: To examine the evidence about the benefits and harms of screening and treatment of lipid disorders in adults without known cardiovascular disease for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Data Sources: We identified English-language articles on drug therapy, diet and exercise therapy, and screening for lipid disorders from comprehensive searches of the MEDLINE database from 1994 through July 1999, We used published systematic reviews, hand searching of relevant articles, the second Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, and extensive peer review to identify important older articles and to ensure completeness. Data Synthesis: There is strong, direct evidence that drug therapy reduces CHD events, CHD mortality, and possibly total mortality in middle-aged men (35 to 65 years) with abnormal lipids and a potential risk of CHD events greater than 1% to 2% per year. Indirect evidence suggests that drug therapy is also effective in other adults with similar levels of risk. The evidence is insufficient about benefits and harms of treating men younger than 35 years and women younger than 45 years who have abnormal lipids but no other risk factors for heart disease and low risk for CHD events (less than 1% per year). Trials of diet therapy for primary prevention have led to long-term reductions in cholesterol of 3% to 6% but have not demonstrated a reduction in CHD events overall. Exercise programs that maintain or reduce body weight can produce short-term reductions in total cholesterol of 3% to 6%, but longer-term results in unselected populations have found smaller or no effect. To identify accurately people with abnormal lipids, at least two measurements: of total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol are required. The role of measuring triglycerides and the optimal screening interval are unclear from the available evidence. Conclusions: On the basis of the effectiveness of treatment, the availability of accurate and reliable tests, and the likelihood of identifying people with abnormal lipids and increased CHD risk, screening appears to be effective in middle-aged and older adults and in young adults with additional cardiovascular risk factors. C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. AF Med Operat Agcy, Off Prevent & Hlth Serv Assessment, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. US Dept HHS, Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Ctr Practice & Technol Assessment, Rockville, MD USA. Merck & Co Inc, Outcomes Res & Management, W Point, PA USA. Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ N Carolina, Program Hlth Outcomes, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Pignone, MP (reprint author), UNC Hosp, CB 7110,5039 Old Clin Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RI H, V/M-5550-2014 FU PHS HHS [290-97-0011] NR 68 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 20 IS 3 SU S BP 77 EP 89 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(01)00255-0 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 423HV UT WOS:000168170700014 PM 11306236 ER PT J AU Tobin, MJ Jubran, A Laghi, F AF Tobin, MJ Jubran, A Laghi, F TI Patient-ventilator interaction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VARYING INSPIRATORY FLOW; PRESSURE SUPPORT VENTILATION; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; RESPIRATORY OUTPUT; BREATHING EFFORT; PULMONARY; FREQUENCY; DURATION; VOLUME; HUMANS AB One of the most frequent reasons for instituting mechanical ventilation is to decrease a patient's work of breathing. To achieve this goal, neuromuscular blockade was initially used to eliminate a patient's respiratory efforts, resulting in controlled ventilation. Neuromuscular blocking agents, however, predispose to numerous hazards, and, today, some means of assisted ventilation is usually employed. Surprisingly, we do not know the ideal level of respiratory muscle unloading during mechanical ventilation. To consider this issue, we need a means of measuring a patient's respiratory effort. Inspiratory pressure-time product (PTP), which quantifies swings in intrathoracic pressure, is closely related to oxygen cost of breathing and has several advantages over measurements of mechanical work of breathing (1), In 17 patients failing a trial of weaning from mechanical ventilation, their average PTP was 388 cm H2O . s/min (2); the average value in healthy subjects is 94 cm H2O . s/min. With carefully selected settings, a patient's inspiratory PTP can be reduced into the normal range with assisted ventilation (3). For the most effective unloading of the inspiratory muscles, the ventilator should cycle in synchrony with the activity of a patient's own respiratory rhythm. The interplay between these two pumps is complex, and problems can arise at several points in the respiratory cycle: the onset of ventilator triggering, the rest of inspiration after triggering, the switch from inspiration to expiration, and the end of expiration. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Hines, IL USA. RP Tobin, MJ (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Route 111N, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 35 TC 120 Z9 127 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 163 IS 5 BP 1059 EP 1063 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 426QJ UT WOS:000168359600010 PM 11316635 ER PT J AU Cooper, JAD Ridgeway, AL Pearson, J Culbreth, RR AF Cooper, JAD Ridgeway, AL Pearson, J Culbreth, RR TI Attenuation of interleukin 8-induced nasal inflammation by an inhibitor peptide SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL ALLERGIC RHINITIS; INFLUENZA-A NUCLEOPROTEIN; NEUTROPHIL APOPTOSIS; BRONCHIAL LAVAGE; CHEMOKINES; VIRUS; EXPRESSION; INTEGRINS; BETA(2) AB Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) infiltrate tissue in response to chemoattractants, including interleukin 8 (IL-8), Infiltrating PMNs clear microorganisms but also cause tissue damage. We previously reported the presence in human bronchial ravage of a peptide that inhibits PMN functions. The current project assessed (1) effects of a synthetic analog of this peptide (synthetic neutrophil inhibitor peptide, SNIP) on IL-8-induced nasal inflammation in humans, (2) effects of SNIP on PMN apoptosis and chemotaxis, (3) specific binding of SNIP to PMNs, and (4) evidence of larger molecules with the SNIP sequence. Results show that SNIP attenuates IL-8-induced nasal inflammation, inhibits in vitro PMN chemotaxis to IL-8, and accentuates PMNs apoptosis, PMNs contain specific SNIP-binding sites and the integrin CR3 (CD11b/CD18), or a CR3-associated molecule, is one SNIP-binding molecule. Chemotaxis to IL-8 is most potently inhibited by SNIP in the presence of fibrinogen, a CR3 ligand. Antiserum against the SNIP sequence recognizes a 70-kDa protein in bronchoalveolar lavage and an anti-SNIP immunoaffinity column binds a 70-kDa protein in U937 cell culture supernatant. U937 cell mRNA contains a 1.8-kb transcript detected with degenerate oligonucleotides designed from the SNIP sequence. These studies demonstrate that a synthetic inhibitor peptide can attenuate in vivo nasal inflammation through downregulatory effects on PMNs. C1 Univ Alabama, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Pulm Sect, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm Sect, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Cooper, JAD (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Pulm Sect, Univ Stn, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD APR PY 2001 VL 163 IS 5 BP 1198 EP 1205 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 426QJ UT WOS:000168359600034 PM 11316659 ER PT J AU Fernandez, M Raskind, W Wolff, J Matsushita, M Yuen, E Graf, W Lipe, H Bird, T AF Fernandez, M Raskind, W Wolff, J Matsushita, M Yuen, E Graf, W Lipe, H Bird, T TI Familial dyskinesia and facial myokymia (FDFM): A novel movement disorder SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID POTASSIUM CHANNEL GENE; PAROXYSMAL DYSTONIC CHOREOATHETOSIS; BENIGN HEREDITARY CHOREA; MAPS; LINKAGE; MUTATIONS; EXPANSION; KCNA1 AB We describe here familial dyskinesia and facial myokymia (FDFM), a novel autosomal dominant disorder characterized by adventitious movements that sometimes appear choreiform and that are associated with perioral and periorbital myokymia. We report a 5-generation family with 18 affected members (10 males and 8 females) with FDFM. The disorder has an early childhood or adolescent onset. The involuntary movements are paroxysmal at early ages, increase in frequency and severity, and may become constant in the third decade. Thereafter, there is no further deterioration, and there may even be improvement in old age. The adventitious movements are worsened by anxiety but not by voluntary movement, startle, caffeine, or alcohol. The disease is socially disabling, but there is no intellectual impairment or decrease in lifespan. A candidate gene and haplotype analysis was performed in 9 affected and 3 unaffected members from 3 generations of this family using primers for polymorphic loci closely flanking or within genes of interest. We excluded linkage to II regions containing genes associated with chorea and myokymia: 1) the Huntington disease gene on chromosome 4p; 2) the paroxysmal dystonic choreoathetosis gene at 2q34; 3) the dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy gene at 12p13; 4) the choreoathetosis/spasticity disease locus on Ip that lies in a region containing a cluster of potassium (K+) channel genes; 5) the episodic ataxia type 1 (EA1) locus on 12p that contains the KCNA1 gene and two other voltage-gated K+ channel genes, KCNA5 and KCNA6; 6) the chorea-acanthocytosis locus on 9q21; 7) the Huntington-like syndrome on 20p; 8) the paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia locus on 16p11.2-q11,2; 9) the benign hereditary chorea locus on 14q; 10) the SCA type 5 locus on chromosome 11; and 11) the chromosome 19 region that contains several ion channels and the CACNA1A gene, a brain-specific P/Q-type calcium channel gene associated with ataxia and hemiplegic migraine. Our results provide further evidence of genetic heterogeneity in autosomal dominant movement disorders and suggest that a novel gene underlies this new condition. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med,Geriatr Res Serv,GRECC S182, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Bird, T (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med,Geriatr Res Serv,GRECC S182, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [1 T32 AG00258-01A1] NR 25 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0364-5134 J9 ANN NEUROL JI Ann. Neurol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 BP 486 EP 492 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 418FJ UT WOS:000167880000010 PM 11310626 ER PT J AU Sanford, LD Silvestri, AJ Ross, RJ Morrison, AR AF Sanford, LD Silvestri, AJ Ross, RJ Morrison, AR TI Influence of fear conditioning on elicited ponto-geniculo-occipital waves and rapid eye movement sleep SO ARCHIVES ITALIENNES DE BIOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; PONTOGENICULOOCCIPITAL WAVES; CENTRAL NUCLEUS; IMMOBILIZATION STRESS; CANINE NARCOLEPSY; ACOUSTIC STARTLE; LOCUS-COERULEUS; PGO SPIKES; ALBINO-RAT C1 Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Lab Study Brain Sleep, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Sanford, LD (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Lab Study Brain Sleep, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH42903]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS35281] NR 67 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV PISA PI PISA PA LUNGARNO A PACINOTTI 43, 56100 PISA, ITALY SN 0003-9829 J9 ARCH ITAL BIOL JI Arch. Ital. Biol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 139 IS 3 BP 169 EP 183 PG 15 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 421ZQ UT WOS:000168093800001 PM 11330199 ER PT J AU George, MS Anton, RF Bloomer, C Teneback, C Drobes, DJ Lorberbaum, JP Nahas, Z Vincent, DJ AF George, MS Anton, RF Bloomer, C Teneback, C Drobes, DJ Lorberbaum, JP Nahas, Z Vincent, DJ TI Activation of prefrontal cortex and anterior thalamus in alcoholic subjects on exposure to alcohol-specific cues SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID COMPULSIVE DRINKING SCALE; COCAINE; RAT AB Background: Functional imaging studies have recently demonstrated that specific brain regions become active in cocaine addicts when they are exposed to cocaine stimuli. To test whether there are regional brain activity differences during alcohol cue exposure between alcoholic subjects and social drinkers, we designed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) protocol involving alcohol-specific cues. Methods: Ten non-treatment-seeking adult alcoholic subjects (2 women) (mean [SD] age, 29.9 [9.9] years) as well as 10 healthy social drinking controls of similar age (2 women) (mean [SD] age, 29.4 [8.9] years) were recruited, screened, and scanned. In the 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner, subjects were serially rated for alcohol craving, before and after. a sip of alcohol, and after a g-minute randomized pl presentation of pictures of alcoholic beverages, control nonalcoholic beverages, and 2 different visual control tasks. During picture presentation, changes in regional brain activity were measured with the blued oxygen level-dependent technique. Results: Alcoholic subjects, compared with the social drinking subjects, reported higher overall craving ratings for alcohol. After a sip of alcohol, while viewing alcohol cues compared with viewing other beverage cues, only the alcoholic subjects had increased activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the anterior thalamus. The social drinkers exhibited specific activation only while viewing the control beverage pictures. Conclusions: When exposed to alcohol cues, alcoholic subjects have increased brain activity in the prefrontal cortex and anterior thalamus-brain regions associated with emotion regulation, attention, and appetitive behavior. C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP George, MS (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA10761-03] NR 27 TC 224 Z9 232 U1 4 U2 11 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD APR PY 2001 VL 58 IS 4 BP 345 EP 352 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.58.4.345 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 419ZF UT WOS:000167978900005 PM 11296095 ER PT J AU Purnell, JQ Kahn, SE Schwartz, RS Brunzell, JD AF Purnell, JQ Kahn, SE Schwartz, RS Brunzell, JD TI Relationship of insulin sensitivity and ApoB levels to intra-abdominal fat in subjects with familial combined hyperlipidemia SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE obesity; insulin resistance; hyperlipidemia; visceral fat; apolipoproteins ID LIPOPROTEIN SUBCLASS PATTERNS; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B LEVELS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; ACID SUPPRESSION; VISCERAL OBESITY; HEART-DISEASE; MEN AB Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) is one of the most common familial dyslipidemias associated with premature heart disease. Subjects with FCHL typically have elevated apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels, variable elevations in cholesterol and/or triglycerides, and a predominance of small, dense, low density lipoprotein particles. It is thought that insulin resistance is important in the expression of the combined hyperlipidemia phenotype. To further characterize the relationship between insulin resistance and increased apoB levels, 11 subjects from well-characterized FCHL families and normal control subjects matched for weight and/or age underwent measurement of intra-abdominal Fat (IAF) and subcutaneous fat (SQF) by CT scan, insulin sensitivity (Si) by the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test, and lipoprotein levels. Body mass index and IAF were higher and Si was lower (more insulin resistant) in the FCHL group than in the age-matched group, but the values were similar in the FCHL group and the age- and weight-matched control group. When the relationship between body fat distribution and Si was tested with multiple linear regression, only IAF was significantly correlated with Si after the addition of SQF and body mass index as independent variables. For any level of insulin sensitivity or IAF, however, apoB levels remained higher in the FCHL subjects than in the control groups. In conclusion, in FCHL, visceral obesity is an important determinant of insulin resistance. Visceral obesity and insulin resistance, however, do not fully account for the elevated levels of apoB in this disorder, and this study provides physiological support for separate, but additive, genetic determinants in the etiology of the lipid phenotype. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Brunzell, JD (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Clin Nutr, Mailbox L607,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Kahn, Steven/0000-0001-7307-9002 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-00037]; NHLBI NIH HHS [P0-1 HL-30086]; NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG-08673]; NIDDK NIH HHS [5P30 DK-35816, DK-17047, K-24-DK-02654, P0-1 DK-02456] NR 50 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 4 BP 567 EP 572 PG 6 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 424WZ UT WOS:000168258100018 PM 11304474 ER PT J AU Zvolensky, MJ McNeil, DW Porter, CA Stewart, SH AF Zvolensky, MJ McNeil, DW Porter, CA Stewart, SH TI Assessment of anxiety sensitivity in young American Indians and Alaska Natives SO BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY LA English DT Article DE anxiety; fear; accuturation; Native American ID GENDER-ROLE STRESS; PANIC ATTACKS; HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE; DISORDER; WOMEN; PATHOGENESIS; PERSONALITY; PSYCHOLOGY; DIMENSIONS; PREVALENCE AB In the present study, the Anxiety Sensitivity Index [ASI; Behav. Res. Ther. 24 (1986) 1] was administered to 282 American Indian and Alaska Native college students in a preliminary effort to: (a) evaluate the factor structure and internal consistency of the ASI in a sample of Native Americans; (b) examine whether this group would report greater levels of anxiety sensitivity and gender and age-matched college students from the majority (Caucasian) culture lesser such levels; and (c) explore whether gender differences in anxiety sensitivity dimensions varied by cultural group (Native American vs. Caucasian). Consistent with existing research, results of this investigation indicated that, among Native peoples, the ASI and its subscales had high levels of internal consistency, and a factor structure consisting of three lower-order factors (i.e. Physical, Psychological, and Social Concerns) that all loaded on a single higher-order (global Anxiety Sensitivity) factor. We also found that these Native American college students reported significantly greater overall ASI scores as well as greater levels of Psychological and Social Concerns relative to counterparts from the majority (Caucasian) culture. There were no significant differences detected for ASI physical threat concerns. In regard to gender, we found significant differences between males and females in terms of total and Physical Threat ASI scores, with females reporting greater levels, and males lesser levels, of overall anxiety sensitivity and greater fear of physical sensations: no significant differences emerged between genders for the ASI Psychological and Social Concerns dimensions. These gender differences did not vary by cultural group, indicating they were evident among Caucasian and Native Americans alike. We discuss the results of this investigation in relation to the assessment of anxiety sensitivity in American Indians and Alaska Natives, and offer directions for future research with the ASI in Native peoples. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 W Virginia Univ, Dept Psychol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Dalhousie Univ, Dept Psychol, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada. RP Zvolensky, MJ (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Psychol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RI Stewart, Sherry /F-4088-2011 NR 73 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 6 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0005-7967 J9 BEHAV RES THER JI Behav. Res. Ther. PD APR PY 2001 VL 39 IS 4 BP 477 EP 493 DI 10.1016/S0005-7967(00)00010-3 PG 17 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 411DT UT WOS:000167483400008 PM 11280345 ER PT J AU Crowson, JJ Frueh, BC Snyder, CR AF Crowson, JJ Frueh, BC Snyder, CR TI Hostility and hope in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: A look back at combat as compared to today SO COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hostility; hope; cognitions; posttraumatic stress disorder; military veterans; positive and negative affect ID AUTOMATIC THOUGHTS QUESTIONNAIRE; COMPENSATION-SEEKING STATUS; VIETNAM VETERANS; PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES; PTSD; SCALE; VALIDATION; VALIDITY; SYMPTOMS; ANGER AB Thirty-seven male veterans with combat-related PTSD completed measures of hostile automatic thoughts, hope, nd positive and negative affect. Responses to the items of each measure were presented in two formats: (a) the veteran's feelings today and (b) (on a separate form) how he felt while in combat. Veterans reported significantly higher levels of hostility and negative affect in combat as opposed to today. Contrary to predictions, high levels of both positive affect and automatic positive thoughts also were reported in combat relative to today. Hope levels varied primarily as a function of being employed rather than unemployed. The implications and limitations of this methodology and these findings for combat veterans and other groups are discussed. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Crowson, JJ (reprint author), USN, Personnel Command, NPRST, PERS 13, 5720 Integr Dr, Millington, TN 38033 USA. NR 50 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0147-5916 J9 COGNITIVE THER RES JI Cogn. Ther. Res. PD APR PY 2001 VL 25 IS 2 BP 149 EP 165 DI 10.1023/A:1026439102180 PG 17 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 415LZ UT WOS:000167724200003 ER PT J AU Snow, S Madjar, DD Hardy, S Bentz, M Lucarelli, MJ Bechard, R Aughenbaugh, W McFadden, T Sharata, H Dudley, C Landeck, A AF Snow, S Madjar, DD Hardy, S Bentz, M Lucarelli, MJ Bechard, R Aughenbaugh, W McFadden, T Sharata, H Dudley, C Landeck, A TI Microcystic adnexal carcinoma: Report of 13 cases and review of the literature SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Review ID SWEAT GLAND CARCINOMA; MOHS MICROGRAPHIC SURGERY; DUCT CARCINOMA; FOLLOW-UP; DIFFERENTIATION; INVASION; SKIN; LIP; EXCISION; NEOPLASM AB BACKGROUND. Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare tumor of the skin. Clinically it often masquerades as a firm, subcutaneous nodule on the head and neck regions. Microscopically it extends far beyond assessed clinical margins spreading locally in the dermal, subcutaneous, and perineural tissue planes. The local recurrence rate by standard excision is about 50%. Recent preliminary reports indicate more favorable cure rates with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). OBJECTIVE. TO present our data on 13 cases (12 patients) of MAC treated by MMS. In addition, we reviewed the medical literature to summarize the accumulated experience of MMS treatment in the management of MAC. We also present a case of bilateral MAC of the face and describe a renal transplant recipient on immunosuppressive therapy who developed MAC of the nasal bridge. METHODS. We reviewed and updated our series of MAC cases treated by MMS over the last 9 years. A total of 13 cases of MAC are reviewed. We also searched the literature for MAC treated by MMS with a follow-up of more than 2-years. RESULTS. One patient had bilateral MAC of the nose and cheek. Another patient developed a MAC of the nasal bridge 20 years after renal transplantation. In this patient predisposing factors were radiation for teenage acne and immunosuppression therapy. A total of 13 cases of MAC were treated by MMS with no recurrences, with a mean follow-up of 5.0 years (range 1.1-8.0 years). CONCLUSION. We update the medical literature with 13 MAC cases treated by MMS. To our knowledge there have been 148 cases of MAC reported in the world literature. Including our series, there have been 73 cases of MAC treated with MMS. There were only four treatment failures. Regional and/or distant metastasis from MAC is rare, with only one reported death. Following MMS, the 2-year success rate was 89.7% (35 of 39). The accumulated data continue to confirm that when MAC is discovered early and is readily accessible to excision by MMS and other subspecialty support, a favorable outcome can be expected. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Div Dermatol, Madison, WI USA. RP Snow, S (reprint author), Mohs Clin, 2880 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 54 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD APR PY 2001 VL 27 IS 4 BP 401 EP 408 DI 10.1046/j.1524-4725.2001.00208.x PG 8 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 420HL UT WOS:000167999500017 PM 11298716 ER PT J AU Barzilay, JI Jones, CL Davis, BR Basile, JN Goff, DC Ciocon, JO Sweeney, ME Randall, OS AF Barzilay, JI Jones, CL Davis, BR Basile, JN Goff, DC Ciocon, JO Sweeney, ME Randall, OS CA ALLHAT Collaborative Res Grp TI Baseline characteristics of the diabetic participants in the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION; CONVENTIONAL THERAPY; CALCIUM-ANTAGONISTS; RISK; INSULIN; HEALTH; MORTALITY AB Objective - Hypertension (HTN) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the setting of diabetes. There is no consensus on how best to treat hypertension among those with diabetes. Here we describe the characteristics of a cohort of hypertensive adults with diabetes who are part of a large prospective blood pressure study. This study will help clarify the treatment of HTN in the setting of diabetes. Research design and methods - The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (AI.I.HAT) is a double-blind randomized trial of 42,448 high-risk hypertensive participants, ages greater than or equal to 55 years, designed to determine whether the incidence of fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease (CHD) and combined cardiovascular events (fatal and nonfatal CHD, revascularization surgery, angina pectoris, congestive heart failure, and stroke) differs between diuretic (chlorthahdone) treatment and three alternative antihypertensive therapies: a calcium channel blocker (amlodipine), an ACE inhibitor (lisinopril), and an alpha-adrenergic blocker (doxazosin). The planned follow-up is an average of 6 years, to be completed in March 2002. Results - There are 15,297 diabetic individuals in the ALLHAT study (36.0% of the entire cohort). Of these individuals, 50.2% are male, 39.4% are African-American, and 17.7% are Hispanic. Demographic and laboratory characteristics of the cohort are similar to those of other studies of the U.S. elderly population with HTN. The sample size has 42 and 93% confidence respectively, for detecting a 16% difference between the diuretic and each of the nondiuretic treatments for the two study outcomes. Conclusions - The diabetic cohort in ALLHAT will be able to provide valuable information about the treatment of hypertension in older diabetic patients at risk for incident CVD. C1 Kaiser Permanente, Div Endocrinol, Tucker, GA 30084 USA. Univ Texas, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biometry, Houston, TX USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Med, Charleston, SC USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. Cleveland Clin, Dept Geriatr Med, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Dept Hypertens & Lipid Metab, Atlanta, GA USA. Howard Univ, Div Cardiovasc Dis, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Barzilay, JI (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente, Div Endocrinol, 200 Crescent Ctr, Tucker, GA 30084 USA. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD APR PY 2001 VL 24 IS 4 BP 654 EP 658 DI 10.2337/diacare.24.4.654 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 415BX UT WOS:000167701600011 PM 11315826 ER PT J AU Cruz, JC Alsina, M Craig, F Yoneda, T Anderson, JL Dallas, M Roodman, GD AF Cruz, JC Alsina, M Craig, F Yoneda, T Anderson, JL Dallas, M Roodman, GD TI Ibandronate decreases bone disease development and osteoclast stimulatory activity in an in vivo model of human myeloma SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN MARROW CULTURES; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; INHIBITOR; BISPHOSPHONATES; PRECURSORS; RESORPTION; APOPTOSIS; PHENOTYPE; LESIONS; POTENT AB Objective. The benefits of bisphosphonate therapy for multiple myeloma bone disease have been clearly documented. However, the effects of bisphosphonates on the osteoclast stimulatory activity (OSA) that is present in the marrow of patients with multiple myeloma, even before the bone disease is detectable, are unknown. Therefore, we examined the effects of ibandronate (IB) treatment prior to the development of bone disease in a murine model of human myeloma. Materials and Methods. Sublethally irradiated severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice were transplanted with ARH-77 cells on day 0. These ARH-77 mice were treated daily with subcutaneous injections of IB started before or at different times after tumor injection as follows: group 1 was started on day -7; group 2 on day 0; group 3 on day +7; group 3 on day +14 after IB administration; and group 5 (control) received no IB. h lice were sacrificed after they developed paraplegia. Results. The onset of paraplegia was delayed in group 1 vs all other groups (mean day 27 vs day 32; p = 0.0098). The number of lytic lesions and the bone surface area of resorption (mm(2)) were significantly decreased in groups 1, 2, and 3, which were treated early with IB, when compared with groups 4 and 5 (p = 0.003 and 0.002, respectively). OSA, as measured by the capacity of bone marrow plasma from ARH-77 mice to induce osteoclast (OCL) formation in human bone marrow cultures, was decreased proportionally to the length of IB treatment. Group 1 had the lowest OSA compared with the other groups (p = 0.003). However, all mice eventually developed paraplegia, and at time of sacrifice, turner burden was not grossly different among the groups. Interestingly, macroscopic abdominal tumors were more frequent in mice treated with IB. Conclusion. These data demonstrate that early treatment of ARH-77 mice with IB prior to development of myeloma bone disease decreases OSA and possibly retards the development of lytic lesions, but not eventual tumor burden. (C) 2001 International Society for Experimental Hematology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Res Serv 151, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Gen Clin Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Dept Med, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Hematol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Endocrinol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Res Serv 151, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA40035, CA69136] NR 23 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 29 IS 4 BP 441 EP 447 DI 10.1016/S0301-472X(01)00618-X PG 7 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 419MP UT WOS:000167953100006 PM 11301184 ER PT J AU Quinn, J Davis, F Woodward, WR Eckenstein, F AF Quinn, J Davis, F Woodward, WR Eckenstein, F TI beta-amyloid plaques induce neuritic dystrophy of nitric oxide-producing neurons in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE stress; oxidative; free radicals; disease models; animal ID NADPH-DIAPHORASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PRECURSOR PROTEIN; IN-VIVO; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; MEMORY DEFICITS; NEUROTOXICITY; MICE; SYNTHASE AB A causative role for nitric oxide has been postulated in a number of neurodegenerative diseases. Using histochemical and immunohistochemical methods, we examined the effect of beta -amyloid plaques on nitric oxide-producing cells in transgenic mice which overexpress a mutant human amyloid precursor protein (APP). In 14-month-old animals, nitric oxide synthase (NOS)positive dystrophic neurites were observed frequently in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of all of 16 plaque-bearing transgenic animals and in none of 16 wild-type animals. Double labeling of NOS and beta -amyloid revealed that 90% of beta -amyloid plaques were associated with NOS-containing dystrophic neurites. In 7-month-old animals, beta -amyloid plaques were very rare, but those present were frequently associated with NOS-positive neuritic dystrophy, We conclude that beta -amyloid plaques induce neuritic dystrophy in cortical neurons containing NOS in this model of AD, and hypothesize that this finding may be relevant to the mechanism of beta -amyloid neurotoxicity in human AD. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OHSU, Dept Cellular & Dev Biol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OHSU, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Quinn, J (reprint author), Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, P3 R&D,SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. FU NCCIH NIH HHS [AT00066-01]; NIA NIH HHS [AG08017, AG07424] NR 58 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4886 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 168 IS 2 BP 203 EP 212 DI 10.1006/exnr.2000.7598 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 418RA UT WOS:000167904100001 PM 11259108 ER PT J AU Yamada, M Natsume, A Mata, M Oligino, T Goss, J Glorioso, J Fink, DJ AF Yamada, M Natsume, A Mata, M Oligino, T Goss, J Glorioso, J Fink, DJ TI Herpes simplex virus vector-mediated expression of Bcl-2 protects spinal motor neurons from degeneration following root avulsion SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE gene therapy; herpes simplex; apoptosis; motor neuron; trauma ID INDUCED CELL-DEATH; CILIARY NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR; CHOLINE-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; NEONATAL MOTONEURONS; HYPOGLOSSAL NUCLEUS; TRANSGENIC MICE; GENE-TRANSFER; MOUSE MODEL; IN-VIVO AB Proximal axotomy in adult animals results in delayed death of motor neurons. Features characteristic of both necrosis and apoptosis have been described in motor neurons of the spinal cord following proximal avulsion of the ventral roots. We have previously demonstrated that a genomic herpes simplex virus (HSV)based vector expressing the anti-apoptotic peptide Bcl-2 protects dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra from neurotoxin-induced apoptotic cell death and preserves the neurotransmitter phenotype of those cells. In this study we examined whether the same vector could protect adult rat lumbar motor neurons from cell death following proximal ventral root avulsion. Injection of the Bcl-2-expressing vector 1 week prior to root avulsion increased the survival of lesioned motor neurons, determined by retrograde Fluorogold labeling, by 50%. The Bcl-8-expressing vector did not preserve choline acetyltransferase neurotransmitter phenotype of the lesioned cells. These results shed light on the mechanism of cell death following axonal injury, and have implications for developing an effective treatment for the clinical problem of proximal root avulsion, (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet & Biochem, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. GRECC, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RP Fink, DJ (reprint author), S-520 Biomed Sci Tower,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI Natsume, Atsushi/I-7364-2014 OI Natsume, Atsushi/0000-0002-9113-0470 NR 35 TC 36 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4886 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 168 IS 2 BP 225 EP 230 DI 10.1006/exnr.2000.7597 PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 418RA UT WOS:000167904100003 PM 11259110 ER PT J AU Akiba, Y Furukawa, O Guth, PH Engel, E Ishii, H Kaunitz, JD AF Akiba, Y Furukawa, O Guth, PH Engel, E Ishii, H Kaunitz, JD TI Intracellular bicarbonate protects rat duodenal mucosa from acid-induced injury SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Keio Univ, Sch Med, Tokyo, Japan. W Los Angeles VAMC, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 793 BP A148 EP A149 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700731 ER PT J AU Dulai, GS Chen, J Oh, D Jensen, DM Shekelle, P Ganz, P Gornbein, J AF Dulai, GS Chen, J Oh, D Jensen, DM Shekelle, P Ganz, P Gornbein, J TI Cancer risk, EGD biopsy workload & reporting in a VA Barrett's cohort SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Greater Los Angeles Vet Adm Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. GLAVAHCS, CURE, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, GLAVAHCS, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2129 BP A416 EP A417 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702064 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Everhart, JE Richardson, PA AF El-Serag, HB Everhart, JE Richardson, PA TI Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: A case control study among US veterans. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NIDDK, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 1191 BP A227 EP A227 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514701127 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Bailey, N Gilger, M Rabeneck, L AF El-Serag, HB Bailey, N Gilger, M Rabeneck, L TI Absence of Barrett's esophagus in neurologically normal children with gastroesophageal reflux disease. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2109 BP A412 EP A412 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702044 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Kunik, M Richardson, PA Rabeneck, L AF El-Serag, HB Kunik, M Richardson, PA Rabeneck, L TI Psychiatric and drug use disorders among veterans infected with hepatitis C virus. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2092 BP A409 EP A409 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702027 ER PT J AU El-Zimaity, HMT Katsuyama, T Ota, H Watanabe, H Hattori, T Graham, DY AF El-Zimaity, HMT Katsuyama, T Ota, H Watanabe, H Hattori, T Graham, DY TI Gastric histology in patients with carcinoma at the gastro-esophageal junction SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Shinshu Univ Hosp, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan. Shiga Univ Med Sci, Shiga, Japan. Niigata Univ, Niigata, Japan. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 1292 BP A249 EP A249 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514701228 ER PT J AU El-Zimaity, HMT Kim, JG Graham, DY AF El-Zimaity, HMT Kim, JG Graham, DY TI Clarification of clinical relevance of gastric intestinal metaplasia SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Korea Univ, Coll Med, Seoul 136701, South Korea. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 3083 BP A607 EP A607 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514703013 ER PT J AU Furukawa, O Hirokawa, M Guth, PH Engel, E Itz, JDK AF Furukawa, O Hirokawa, M Guth, PH Engel, E Itz, JDK TI Role of protein kinases on acid-induced duodenal bicarbonate secretion in rats SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles VAMC, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 830 BP A156 EP A156 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700768 ER PT J AU Germano, PM Le, S Fan, R Pisegna, JR AF Germano, PM Le, S Fan, R Pisegna, JR TI The PACAP Type I receptor (PAC1) is expressed and is coupled to signaling cascades in human colonic tumors SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA GLAHS, Div GI, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2516 BP A494 EP A494 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702449 ER PT J AU Graham, DY Osato, MS El-Zimaity, HMT AF Graham, DY Osato, MS El-Zimaity, HMT TI Azithromycin triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2955 BP A581 EP A582 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702885 ER PT J AU Gralnek, IM Hays, RD Kilbourne, A Mayer, EA AF Gralnek, IM Hays, RD Kilbourne, A Mayer, EA TI Racial differences in the impact of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RI Hays, Ronald/D-5629-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 4073 BP A759 EP A759 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514703774 ER PT J AU Huerta, S Sebastian, J Heber, D Licinio, J Wong, ML Hannestad, J Livingston, EH AF Huerta, S Sebastian, J Heber, D Licinio, J Wong, ML Hannestad, J Livingston, EH TI Downregulation of homeobox genes HOX1, HOX2 and HOX7 in metastatic colon cancer SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 1534 BP A297 EP A297 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514701470 ER PT J AU Huerta, S Heber, D Licinio, J Wong, ML Hannestad, J Livingston, EH AF Huerta, S Heber, D Licinio, J Wong, ML Hannestad, J Livingston, EH TI Large scale expression array analysis of a colon cancer progression model reveals altered regulation of 1251 genes including the downregulation of transglutaminase. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 902 BP A170 EP A170 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700840 ER PT J AU Ku, NO Gish, RG Wright, TL Omary, MB AF Ku, NO Gish, RG Wright, TL Omary, MB TI Keratin 8 mutations in patient with cryptogenic liver disease SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Palo Alto VA Med Ctr, Palo Alto, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Calif Pacific Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 234 BP A45 EP A45 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700220 ER PT J AU Kwon, DH Lee, M Kim, JJ Osato, MS El-Zaatari, FAK Graham, DY AF Kwon, DH Lee, M Kim, JJ Osato, MS El-Zaatari, FAK Graham, DY TI Emergence of acquired-multidrug resistant Helicobacter pylori among clinical isolates SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Samsung Med Ctr, Seoul, South Korea. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2616 BP A514 EP A514 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702548 ER PT J AU Malaty, HM Tanaka, E Kumagai, T Ota, H Akamatsu, ET Kiyosawa, K Graham, DY Katsuyama, T AF Malaty, HM Tanaka, E Kumagai, T Ota, H Akamatsu, ET Kiyosawa, K Graham, DY Katsuyama, T TI A birth cohort study of the seroepidemiologic association of Helicobacter pylori infection and Hepatitis A virus in rural Japan SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Shinshu Univ, Sch Med, Matsumoto, Nagano 390, Japan. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 686 BP A128 EP A128 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(08)80631-2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700630 ER PT J AU Malaty, HM Graham, DY Elkasabany, A Reddy, SG Srinivasan, SR Berenson, GS AF Malaty, HM Graham, DY Elkasabany, A Reddy, SG Srinivasan, SR Berenson, GS TI Natural history of Helicobacter pylori infection from infancy to adulthood: A 21-year follow-up cohort study SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 683 BP A128 EP A128 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(08)80631-2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700627 ER PT J AU Mason, AC Eloubeidi, MA El-Serag, HB AF Mason, AC Eloubeidi, MA El-Serag, HB TI Temporal trends in survival of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma in the United States: 1973-1997 SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 155 BP A30 EP A30 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514700146 ER PT J AU Osato, MS Penland, RL Durden, M Graham, DY AF Osato, MS Penland, RL Durden, M Graham, DY TI Novel therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection: Potassium iodide SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2956 BP A582 EP A582 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702886 ER PT J AU Rudolph, RE Dominitz, JA Lampe, JW Levy, L Bronner, MP Potter, JD AF Rudolph, RE Dominitz, JA Lampe, JW Levy, L Bronner, MP Potter, JD TI Magnification chromoendoscopy to identify aberrant crypt foci: A pilot study in humans SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. VA Puget Sound HCS, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 3098 BP A610 EP A610 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514703028 ER PT J AU Selinger, RRE Norman, S Dominitz, JA AF Selinger, RRE Norman, S Dominitz, JA TI Failure of health care professionals to accurately interpret fecal occult blood tests (FOBT) SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 3068 BP A604 EP A604 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702998 ER PT J AU Sung, JY Lau, JY Chan, FK Graham, DY AF Sung, JY Lau, JY Chan, FK Graham, DY TI How often are endoscopic ulcers in NSAID trials diagnosed as actual ulcers by experienced endoscopists? SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 5 SU 1 MA 3034 BP A597 EP A597 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(08)82971-X PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429KA UT WOS:000168514702964 ER PT J AU Nietsch, H Dominitz, JA AF Nietsch, H Dominitz, JA TI Post-polypectomy hemorrhage in von Willebrand disease SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Editorial Material ID VONWILLEBRANDS-DISEASE; DDAVP C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div 111 S Gastro, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Dominitz, JA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div 111 S Gastro, 660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Dominitz, Jason/0000-0002-8070-7086 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 4 BP 531 EP 533 DI 10.1067/mge.2001.112714 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 418TY UT WOS:000167908500032 PM 11275907 ER PT J AU Ayub, K AF Ayub, K TI EUS guided superior hypogastric plexus neurolysis: A new technique for the management of pelvic pain SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 SU S MA 3421 BP AB113 EP AB113 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429XG UT WOS:000168542800200 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM Kovacs, TO Jutabha, R Gralnek, IM Dulai, GS Machicado, GA AF Jensen, DM Kovacs, TO Jutabha, R Gralnek, IM Dulai, GS Machicado, GA TI Prospective study of delayed post-polypectomy bleeding compared to other causes of severe hematochezia SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 SU S MA 4249 BP AB182 EP AB182 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429XG UT WOS:000168542800437 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM Machicado, GA Hirabayashi, K AF Jensen, DM Machicado, GA Hirabayashi, K TI Double blind randomized controlled study of polysaccharide gel compared to glue & other sclerosants for obliteration of large veins SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Heallthcare Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 SU S MA 4164 BP AB157 EP AB157 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429XG UT WOS:000168542800352 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM Machicado, GA Hirabayashi, K AF Jensen, DM Machicado, GA Hirabayashi, K TI Randomized double blind study of polysaccharide gel compared to other agents for endoscopic hemostasis of bleeding canine esophageal varices SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 SU S MA 4127 BP AB147 EP AB147 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429XG UT WOS:000168542800315 ER PT J AU Mokhashi, MS Glenn, TF Jost, C Wallace, MB Kim, CY Johnson, RH Gumustop, B Cotton, PB Hawes, RH AF Mokhashi, MS Glenn, TF Jost, C Wallace, MB Kim, CY Johnson, RH Gumustop, B Cotton, PB Hawes, RH TI A 4-minute unsedated office based screening esophagoscopy for Barrett's. A blinded prospective comparative study of diagnostic accuracy and tolerance of esophagoscopy with a battery powered esophagoscope (BPE) with a sedated standard video-endoscopy (SVE). SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 SU S MA 328 BP AB62 EP AB62 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429XG UT WOS:000168542800024 ER PT J AU Qureshi, MA Heiser, M Anand, BS AF Qureshi, MA Heiser, M Anand, BS TI Do the number of polyps seen at flexible sigmoidoscopy predict polyp numbers at colonoscopy? SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 53 IS 5 SU S MA 4278 BP AB190 EP AB190 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 429XG UT WOS:000168542800466 ER PT J AU Amann, ST Gates, LK Aston, CE Pandya, A Whitcomb, DC AF Amann, ST Gates, LK Aston, CE Pandya, A Whitcomb, DC TI Expression and penetrance of the hereditary pancreatitis phenotype in monozygotic twins SO GUT LA English DT Article DE hereditary pancreatitis; genetic; twins; penetrance; trypsinogen ID CATIONIC TRYPSINOGEN GENE; MUTATIONS; FAMILY; MAPS AB Background-Hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with variable expression and an overall lifetime penetrance of 80%. We hypothesised that (1) monozygotic twins within similar environments would develop the typical signs of HP at a similar age, and (2) if penetrance were due to modifier genes or environment, all twin pairs would be concordant for expression of HP. Aim-Identify monozygotic twins with HP and determine the penetrance, concordance, and age of onset of symptoms. Methods-Twins from HP kindreds were identified from the Midwest Multicenter Pancreatic Study group database, referrals, and literature searches. Each twin set was assessed for phenotypic expression, concordance, and difference in age of phenotypic onset of pancreatitis. The difference in onset of symptoms for symptomatic affected non-twin sibling pairs as well as non-twin pairs that were mutation, sex, and age matched were calculated as two comparison groups. Results-Seven of 11 monozygotic pairs identified were suitable for evaluation and four were concordant for pancreatitis. Forty eight affected sibling pairs and 33 pairs of mutation, sex, and age matched (cationic trypsinogen R122H (30 pairs) and N29I (three pairs)) subjects were identified for comparison groups. The median (quartiles Q1, Q3) difference in the age of phenotypic onset in the concordant twins was 1 (0, 2.4) years, 2 (1, 6) for the affected siblings, and 7 (2, 15) years in the comparison control group. Three of the seven sets of twins (43%) were discordant for phenotypic expression of pancreatitis. The overall penetrance in the seven pairs of monozygotic twins was 78.6%. Conclusions-Genetic and/or environmental factors contribute to expression and age of onset of HP. Nuclear genes or general environmental factors alone cannot explain the 80% penetrance. Determining the mechanism of non-penetrance may help in developing a strategy to prevent the phenotypic expression of pancreatitis in individuals with an underlying genetic predisposition. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Univ Kentucky, Med Ctr, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Gen Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Dept Human Genet, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RP Amann, ST (reprint author), N Mississippi Med Ctr, Pancreat Serv, POB 21, Tupelo, MS 38802 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA10885]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK51954] NR 29 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD APR PY 2001 VL 48 IS 4 BP 542 EP 547 DI 10.1136/gut.48.4.542 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 413NU UT WOS:000167619300020 PM 11247900 ER PT J AU Mody, L Bradley, SF Strausbaugh, LJ Muder, RR AF Mody, L Bradley, SF Strausbaugh, LJ Muder, RR TI Prevalence of ceftriaxone- and ceftazidime-resistant gram-negative bacteria in long-term-care facilities SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; BACILLI C1 Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Oregon Hlth Serv Univ, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Mody, L (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 22 IS 4 BP 193 EP 194 DI 10.1086/503397 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 433WP UT WOS:000168783900001 PM 11379705 ER PT J AU Ronald, AR Nicolle, LE Stamm, E Krieger, J Warren, J Schaeffer, A Naber, KG Hooton, TM Johnson, J Chambers, S Andriole, V AF Ronald, AR Nicolle, LE Stamm, E Krieger, J Warren, J Schaeffer, A Naber, KG Hooton, TM Johnson, J Chambers, S Andriole, V TI Urinary tract infection in adults: research priorities and strategies SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Clinical Evaluation of Drug Efficacy in Urinary Tract Infection held at the 21st International Chemotherapy Congress CY JUL, 1999 CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND DE urinary tract infection; prevention and care; adults; research priorities ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA; ANTIMICROBIAL TREATMENT; ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS; NATURAL-HISTORY; WOMEN; THERAPY; PROSTATITIS; PREVENTION; DIAGNOSIS AB Waning interest in urinary tract infection (UTI) research has limited clinical advances during the past two decades. Although care has improved for some specific UTI syndromes. there is limited evidence for most of the decisions made each day in the management of these infections. Additional clinical research is necessary to improve UTI prevention and care strategies. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. and International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Manitoba, St Boniface Gen Hosp, Infect Dis Sect, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. C4 Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Winnipeg, MB R3A IR9, Canada. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Sect Urol I 12 LJR, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Klinikum St Elisabeth, Urol Klin, D-94315 Straubing, Germany. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Christchurch Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Christchurch, New Zealand. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Ronald, AR (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, St Boniface Gen Hosp, Infect Dis Sect, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. OI Ronald, Allan/0000-0002-5746-3490 NR 29 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-8579 J9 INT J ANTIMICROB AG JI Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents PD APR PY 2001 VL 17 IS 4 BP 343 EP 348 DI 10.1016/S0924-8579(01)00303-X PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 421DH UT WOS:000168046500020 PM 11295419 ER PT J AU Werth, VP AF Werth, VP TI Dermatology vignette SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Werth, VP (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 2 BP 123 EP 123 DI 10.1097/00124743-200104000-00015 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 428HE UT WOS:000168455200015 PM 17039110 ER PT J AU Bennett, CL Sipler, AM Parada, JP Goetz, MB DeHovitz, JA Weinstein, RA AF Bennett, CL Sipler, AM Parada, JP Goetz, MB DeHovitz, JA Weinstein, RA TI Variations in institutional review board decisions for HIV quality of care studies: A potential source of study bias SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Letter ID PNEUMONIA C1 Northwestern Univ, Chicago Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Lakeside Div, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Northwestern Univ, Robert H Lurie Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Northwestern Univ, Div Hematol Oncol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Northwestern Univ, Inst Hlth Serv Res & Policy Studies, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Hines Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hines, IL USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. Cook Cty Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Bennett, CL (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Chicago Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Lakeside Div, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RI Bennett, Charles/C-2050-2008 FU AHRQ HHS [1R03HS07846-01, 1R01HS06494-01]; NIDA NIH HHS [5RO1DA10628-02] NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 4 BP 390 EP 391 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 426NG UT WOS:000168354800017 PM 11317085 ER PT J AU Graybill, JR Bocanegra, R AF Graybill, JR Bocanegra, R TI Treatment alternatives for Mycobacterium kansasii SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA; CLARITHROMYCIN; AZITHROMYCIN; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SPARFLOXACIN AB Mycobacterium kansasii was administered intravenously to congenitally athymic (nude) mice. Beginning 1 week later, rifapentine, azithromycin, ethambutol or combined therapy was initiated orally. All three drugs were highly active individually. Although there was no evidence of antagonism, combined therapy was not more effective than either component used alone. C1 Vet Adm Hosp, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Graybill, JR (reprint author), Vet Adm Hosp, Infect Dis Serv, Box 111F,7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD APR PY 2001 VL 47 IS 4 BP 417 EP 420 DI 10.1093/jac/47.4.417 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 423MB UT WOS:000168179100007 PM 11266413 ER PT J AU Wexler, HM Molitoris, E Molitoris, D Finegold, SM AF Wexler, HM Molitoris, E Molitoris, D Finegold, SM TI In vitro activity of telithromycin (HMR 3647) against 502 strains of anaerobic bacteria SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID HMR-3004 RU-64004; ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS; HMR-3647 RU-66647; PATHOGENS; GRACILIS; NOV AB In a previous study, we compared HMR 3004 with azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin and roxithromycin against 502 anaerobic bacteria using NCCLS-approved procedures, This report extends this study by reporting the activity of telithromycin (HMR 3647) against these strains, Telithromycin inhibited 10% of Bacteroides fragilis, 50% of other B. fragilis group organisms and 93% of other Bacteroides spp, Telithromycin inhibited all Porphyromonas spp, and 98% of Prevotella spp. Activity against Bilophila wadsworthia (85-96%) was excellent, Telithromycin was not active against the Fusobacterium mortiferum/varium group, Telithromycin inhibited 100% of Clostridium perfringens, 46-56% of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium ramosum and approximately 90% of non-spore-forming Gram-positive bacilli. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Med Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Wexler, HM (reprint author), Vet Adm Wadsworth Med Ctr, Microbial Dis Res Lab, Bldg 304,Room E3-224,691-151J, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD APR PY 2001 VL 47 IS 4 BP 467 EP 469 DI 10.1093/jac/47.4.467 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 423MB UT WOS:000168179100017 PM 11266423 ER PT J AU Gazitt, Y Reddy, SV Alcantara, O Yang, J Boldt, DH AF Gazitt, Y Reddy, SV Alcantara, O Yang, J Boldt, DH TI A new molecular role for iron in regulation of cell cycling and differentiation of HL-60 human leukemia cells: Iron is required for transcription of p21(WAF1/CIP1) in cells induced by phorbol myristate acetate SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; FAS-MEDIATED APOPTOSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; P53-INDEPENDENT INDUCTION; MONOCYTIC DIFFERENTIATION; RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE; PKC-BETA; T-CELLS; P21; ACTIVATION AB To investigate the role of iron in hematopoiesis, we studied effects of iron deprivation on PMA-induced monocyte/macrophage differentiation in HL-60 cells. Iron deprivation induced by desferrioxamine (DF) blocked PMA-induced differentiation and induced S-phase arrest and apoptosis in up to 60% of cells. Apoptosis was not related to a decrease of bcl-2 or to c-myc overexpression. In the presence of DF, PMA-induced upregulation of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI), p21(WAF1/CIP1), was blocked and its expression could be restored in the presence of DF by supplementation with ferric citrate. Furthermore, ferrioxamine (iron saturated DF) did not block induction of p21(WAF1/CIP1) indicating that the changes were not due to a nonspecific toxic effect of DF. Similarly, hydroxyurea, an inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, did not block p21 expression. p21(WAF1/CIP1) antisense oligonucleotides caused cell cycle alterations similar to DF and p21 overexpression overcame effects of iron deprivation on both cell cycling and differentiation. Therefore, p21 is a key target for the effects of iron deprivation on HL-60 cell cycling and differentiation. Nuclear run-on transcription assays and p21 mRNA half-life studies indicated that iron was required to support transcriptional activation of p21(WAF1/CIP1) after a PMA stimulus. By contrast, iron deprivation did not inhibit expression of a second CDKI, p27(KIP1), These data demonstrate a new role for iron during monocyte/ macrophage differentiation. A key role of iron is to allow induction of p21(WAF1/ CIP1) in response to a differentiation stimulus subsequently blocking cells at the G(1)/S cell cycle interface and preventing premature apoptosis. This effect of iron is independent of its requirement in supporting the activity of the enzyme, ribonucleotide reductase. Because of the central role of p21(WAF1/CIP1) as regulator of the G(1)/S cell cycle checkpoint this requirement for iron to support p21 expression represents an important mechanism by which iron may modulate hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger). C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Gazitt, Y (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7880, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 40035]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 5042225] NR 59 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 187 IS 1 BP 124 EP 135 DI 10.1002/1097-4652(2001)9999:9999<::AID-JCP1061>3.0.CO;2-E PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 408BE UT WOS:000167306000014 PM 11241357 ER PT J AU Cao, GD Minami, M Pei, W Yan, CH Chen, DX O'Horo, C Graham, SH Chen, J AF Cao, GD Minami, M Pei, W Yan, CH Chen, DX O'Horo, C Graham, SH Chen, J TI Intracellular Bax translocation after transient cerebral ischemia: Implications for a role of the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway in ischemic neuronal death SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE cerebral ischemia; apoptosis; Bax; caspases; mitochondria ID PERMEABILITY TRANSITION PORE; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; CYTOCHROME-C RELEASE; DNA FRAGMENTATION; ANTIAPOPTOTIC BCL-2; ARTERY OCCLUSION; GLOBAL-ISCHEMIA; ACTIVATION; INDUCTION; EXPRESSION AB Activation of terminal caspases such as caspase-3 plays an important role in the execution of neuronal cell death after transient cerebral ischemia. Although the precise mechanism by which terminal caspases are activated in ischemic neurons remains elusive, recent studies have postulated that the mitochondrial cell death-signaling pathway may participate in this process. The bcl-2 family member protein Bax is a potent proapoptotic molecule that, on translocation from cytosol to mitochondria, triggers the activation of terminal caspases by increasing mitochondrial membrane permeability and resulting in the release of apoptosis-promoting factors, including cytochrome c. In the present study, the role of intracellular Bax translocation in ischemic brain injury was investigated in a rat model of transient focal ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (1 to 72 hours). Immunochemical studies revealed that transient ischemia induced a rapid translocation of Bax from cytosol to mitochondria in caudate neurons, with a temporal profile and regional distribution coinciding with the mitochondrial release of cytochrome c and caspase-9. Further, in postischemic caudate putamen in vivo and in isolated brain mitochondria in vitro, the authors found enhanced heterodimerization between Bax and the mitochondrial membrane permeabilization-related proteins adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) and voltage-dependent anion channel. The ANT inhibitor bongkrekic acid prevented Bax and ANT interactions and inhibited Bax-triggered caspase-9 release from isolated brain mitochondria in vitro. Bongkrekic acid also offered significant neuroprotection against ischemia-induced caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation and cell death in the brain. These results strongly suggest that the Bax-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway may play an important role in ischemic neuronal injury. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, S-507 Biomed Sci Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 35965, NS 36736, NS 38650] NR 59 TC 164 Z9 186 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-678X J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. PD APR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 4 BP 321 EP 333 PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 421PT UT WOS:000168073300001 PM 11323518 ER PT J AU Clarridge, JE Attorri, SM Zhang, Q Bartell, J AF Clarridge, JE Attorri, SM Zhang, Q Bartell, J TI 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis distinguishes biotypes of Streptococcus bovis: Streptococcus bovis biotype II/2 is a separate genospecies and the predominant clinical isolate in adult males SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION AB We characterized 22 human clinical strains of Streptococcus bovis by genotypic (16S rRNA gene sequence analysis [MicroSeq]; Applied Biosystems, Foster City, Calif,) and phenotypic (API 20 Strep and Rapid ID32 Strep systems (bioMerieux Vitek, Hazelton, Mo.) methods. The strains, isolated from blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, formed two distinct 16S ribosomal DNA sequence clusters, Three strains which were associated with endocarditis urinary tract infection (UTI), and sepsis clustered with the S, bovis type strain ATCC 33317 (cluster 1); other closely related type strains were S, equinus and S. infantarius. Nineteen strains clustered at a distance of about 2.5% dissimilarity to the S. bovis type strain (cluster 2) and were associated with central nervous system (CNS) disease in addition to endocarditis, UTI, and sepsis, All strains were distinct front S, gallolyticus. Within cluster 2, a single strain grouped with ATCC strain 43143 (cluster 2a) and may be phenotypically distinct, All the other strains formed a second subgroup (cluster 2b) that was biochemically similar to S, bovis biotype II/2 (mannitol negative and beta galactosidase, alpha galactosidase, beta glucuronidase, and trehalose positive). The API 20 Strep system identified isolates of cluster 2b as S, bovis biotype II/2, those of cluster 1 as S, bovis biotype II/1, and that of cluster 2a as S, bovis biotype I. There was an excellent col,1,elation of biotype and genotype: S, bovis biotype II/2 isolates form a separate genospecies distinct from the S, bovis, S. gallolyticus, and S, infantarius type strains and are the most common isolates in adult males. C1 VA Med Ctr, Pathol & Lab Med Serv 113, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. MIDI Inc, Newark, DE USA. RP Clarridge, JE (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Pathol & Lab Med Serv 113, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 10 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1549 EP 1552 DI 10.1128/JCM.39.4.1549-1552.2001 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 419JX UT WOS:000167946500057 PM 11283085 ER PT J AU Casarett, D Abrahm, JL AF Casarett, D Abrahm, JL TI Patients with cancer referred to hospice versus a bridge program: Patient characteristics, needs for care, and survival SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE; TERMINALLY ILL PATIENTS; ELDERLY PATIENTS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; PALLIATIVE CARE; PAIN; QUALITY; LIFE; END; CONSULTATION AB Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics and needs of patients with advanced cancer who were referred to hospice with those referred to a prehospice "bridge" program that is staffed by hospice nurses. Patients and Methods: Data were gathered through retrospective review of computerized clinical records using preceded data fields of 284 patients with cancer enrolled in a bridge program and 1,000 who enrolled in a hospice program, Patient characteristics, needs for supportive care at the time of enrollment, and survival were assessed. Results: Bridge patients were less likely to have Medicare or Medicaid (43% v 72%; odds ratio, 0.30; P < .001) and were younger (69 v 73 years, rank sum test; P < .001), more likely to be married (59% v 43%; odds ratio, 1.90; P < .001), and more likely to be in the highest income category (14% v 10%; odds ratio, 1.77 P = .009). Bridge patients had at least as many needs for care as did patients in hospice, Bridge patients lived significantly longer (median, 46 v 19 days; log-rank test of survivor functions, P < .001). Conclusion: Patients referred to this bridge program had prognoses that are significantly better than those of patients who enter hospice, but they have needs for supportive care that are at least as great. These findings underscore the importance of initiatives to extend some of the benefits of hospice care to a wider population of patients and should encourage the analysis of similar programs' ability to meet these needs. (C) 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Bioeth, Inst Aging, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Casarett, D (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Bioeth, Inst Aging, 3615 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 43 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD APR 1 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 7 BP 2057 EP 2063 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 418XT UT WOS:000167920300022 PM 11283139 ER PT J AU Stewart, JE Wager, KA Friedlander, AH Zadeh, HH AF Stewart, JE Wager, KA Friedlander, AH Zadeh, HH TI The effect of periodontal treatment on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adult periodontitis; root planing; subgingival curettage; type 2 diabetes mellitus; glycemic control; hemoglobin A(1C) ID DISEASE AB Background, aims: This study was designed to explore the effect of periodontal therapy on glycemic control in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: 36 patients with type 2 DM (treatment group) received therapy for adult periodontitis during an Is-month period. A 36-person control group was randomly selected from the same population of persons with type 2 DM who did not receive periodontal treatment. Results: These groups were well matched for most of the parameters investigated. During the nine-month observation period, there was a 6.7% improvement in glycemic control in the control group when compared to a 17.1% improvement in the treatment group, a statistically significant difference. Several parameters that could confound or moderate this glycemic control were explored. These included the treatment of non-dental infections, weight and medication changes. No moderating effect was associated with any of these variables. However, there were too few subjects in the study to have the statistical power necessary to assess these possible moderators of glycemic control. Conclusions: We interpret the data in the study to suggest that periodontal therapy was associated with improved glycemic control in persons with type 2 DM. C1 VA Greater LA Hlth Care Syst, Dent Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Dent, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Dent, Dept Periodontol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Stewart, JE (reprint author), VA Greater LA Hlth Care Syst, Dent Serv, 351 E Temple St, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. NR 27 TC 126 Z9 142 U1 1 U2 9 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0303-6979 J9 J CLIN PERIODONTOL JI J. Clin. Periodontol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 28 IS 4 BP 306 EP 310 DI 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028004306.x PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 414XR UT WOS:000167691900003 PM 11314885 ER PT J AU Pettinati, HM Volpicelli, JR Luck, G Kranzler, HR Rukstalis, MR Cnaan, A AF Pettinati, HM Volpicelli, JR Luck, G Kranzler, HR Rukstalis, MR Cnaan, A TI Double-blind clinical trial of sertraline treatment for alcohol dependence SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacology CY DEC 11-18, 1998 CL LOS CROABAS, PUERTO RICO SP Amer Coll Neuropsychopharmacol ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; CONSUMMATORY BEHAVIORS; ETHANOL INTAKE; FLUOXETINE; PHARMACOTHERAPY; CONSUMPTION; MEDICATION; DRINKERS AB Clinical studies that have evaluated serotonergic medications to reduce alcohol consumption have yielded conflicting results. These studies primarily treated patients with alcohol dependence, excluding those with a current depressive disorder, in an effort to differentiate any medication effects directly on drinking from those on mood. Yet despite the exclusion of current depression, a group of alcohol-dependent patients who are not depressed can be highly heterogeneous. For example, this subgroup can include those with a Lifetime depressive disorder. If these patients were more sensitive to serotonergic medications than patients without a Lifetime depressive disorder, medication effects in a subgroup of patients who were not depressed could be obscured. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of sertraline for treating alcohol dependence in patient groups that were differentiated by the presence or absence of Lifetime depression. This study examined the effectiveness of sertraline (200 mg/day) or placebo for 14 weeks in 100 alcohol-dependent subjects with (N = 53) or without (N = 47) a lifetime diagnosis of comorbid depression. Sertraline treatment seemed to provide an advantage in reducing drinking in alcohol-dependent patients without lifetime depression, illustrated best with a measure of drinking frequency during treatment. However, sertraline was no better than placebo in patients with a diagnosis of lifetime comorbid depression, and current depression did not change the results. Treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may be useful in alcohol-dependent patients who are not depressed. Subtyping those with alcohol dependence on the basis of the absence versus the presence of a Lifetime depressive disorder may help to resolve conflicting findings in the literature on the treatment of alcohol dependence with serotonergic medications. C1 Univ Penn, Addict Treatment Res Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat,Ctr Study Addict, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Alcohol Res Ctr, Farmington, CT USA. RP Pettinati, HM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Addict Treatment Res Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat,Ctr Study Addict, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [K02-AA 00239, R01-AA09544] NR 27 TC 89 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-0749 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 2 BP 143 EP 153 DI 10.1097/00004714-200104000-00005 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 412RV UT WOS:000167568900005 PM 11270910 ER PT J AU Fehr, C Dahmen, N Klawe, C Eicke, M Szegedi, A AF Fehr, C Dahmen, N Klawe, C Eicke, M Szegedi, A TI Piracetam in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia and akathisia: A case report SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID ANIMAL-MODEL; AGED MOUSE; STRATEGY; BRAIN C1 Univ Mainz, Dept Psychiat, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Univ Mainz, Dept Neurol, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Alcohol Res Ctr, Dept Behav Neurosci, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Fehr, C (reprint author), Univ Mainz, Dept Psychiat, Untere Zahlbacher Str 8, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-0749 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 2 BP 248 EP 249 DI 10.1097/00004714-200104000-00026 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 412RV UT WOS:000167568900026 PM 11270931 ER PT J AU Gordon, AJ Maisto, SA McNeil, M Kraemer, KL Conigliaro, RL Kelley, ME Conigliaro, J AF Gordon, AJ Maisto, SA McNeil, M Kraemer, KL Conigliaro, RL Kelley, ME Conigliaro, J TI Three questions can detect hazardous drinkers SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE alcohol drinking; mass screening; alcoholism; questionnaires ID ALCOHOL-USE DISORDERS; IDENTIFICATION TEST AUDIT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; PRIMARY-CARE PATIENTS; SCREENING QUESTIONNAIRES; COLLABORATIVE PROJECT; BRIEF INTERVENTIONS; PROBLEM DRINKING; CONSUMPTION; CAGE AB OBJECTIVE We evaluated the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the first 3 questions of the AUDIT (AUDIT-C), the third AUDIT question (AUDIT-S), and quantity-frequency questions for identifying hazardous drinkers in a large primary care sample. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. POPULATION Patients waiting for care at 12 primary care sites in western Pennsylvania from October 1995 to December 1997. OUTCOMES MEASURED Sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and predictive values for the AUDIT, AUDIT-C, and AUDIT-S. RESULTS A total of 13,438 patients were surveyed. Compared with a quantity-frequency definition of hazardous drinking (greater than or equal to 16 drinks/week for men and 112 drinks/week for women), the AUDIT, AUDIT-C, and AUDIT-S had areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUROC) of 0.940, 0.949, and 0.871, respectively. The AUROCs of the AUDIT and AUDIT-C were significantly different (P=.004). The AUROCs of the AUDIT-C (P <.001) and AUDIT (P <.001) were significantly larger than the AUDIT-3. When compared with a positive AUDIT score of 8 or higher, the AUDIT-C (score greater than or equal to3) and the AUDIT-3 (score greater than or equal to1) were 94.9% and 99.6% sensitive and 68.8% and 51.1% specific in detecting individuals as hazardous drinkers. CONCLUSIONS In a large primary care sample, a 3-question version of the AUDIT identified hazardous drinkers as well as the full AUDIT when such drinkers were defined by quantity-frequency criterion. This version of the AUDIT may be useful as an initial screen for assessing hazardous drinking behavior. C1 VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, VA Pittsburgh Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Syracuse Univ, Dept Psychol, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Gordon, AJ (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, VA Pittsburgh Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Room 11E-118 130-U,Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA10291, AA00235] NR 42 TC 135 Z9 136 U1 4 U2 9 PU DOWDEN PUBLISHING CORP PI MONTVALE PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD APR PY 2001 VL 50 IS 4 BP 313 EP 320 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 421AV UT WOS:000168040700006 PM 11300982 ER PT J AU Howell, JN Frederick, J Olinger, B Leftridge, D Bell, T Hess, R Clipp, EC AF Howell, JN Frederick, J Olinger, B Leftridge, D Bell, T Hess, R Clipp, EC TI Can nurses govern in a government agency? SO JOURNAL OF NURSING ADMINISTRATION LA English DT Article ID SHARED GOVERNANCE; MAGNET HOSPITALS; INSTITUTIONS; EXCELLENCE; VISION AB A shared governance model was implemented within the nursing service of the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center in 1997. In 1999, a members of the Nursing Quality/Staff Education/Research Council examined facility nurses' perceptions of governance to determine the degree to which the model had been implemented. Results of the study indicate that although imperatives at the organizational level were incompatible with three aspects of shared governance, there were three shared governance dimensions pertaining to basic nursing practice that reached or surpassed governance thresholds. his study highlights the potential of nursing management innovation within highly bureaucratic organizations. C1 Durham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Educ & Clin Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Houston VAMC, Houston, TX USA. Nursing Spectrum, King Of Prussia, PA USA. Duke Univ, Dept Med, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RP Howell, JN (reprint author), Durham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Educ & Clin Ctr, Durham, NC USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-0443 J9 J NURS ADMIN JI J. Nurs. Adm. PD APR PY 2001 VL 31 IS 4 BP 187 EP 195 DI 10.1097/00005110-200104000-00007 PG 9 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 424WX UT WOS:000168257900007 PM 11324331 ER PT J AU Guo, SS Wu, XY Shimoide, AT Wong, J Sawicki, MP AF Guo, SS Wu, XY Shimoide, AT Wong, J Sawicki, MP TI Anomalous overexpression of p27(Kip1) in sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th Annual Symposium of the Association-of-Veterans-Administration-Surgeons CY APR 09-11, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Assoc Vet Adm Surgeons DE p27(Kip1); pancreas; endocrine tumors; prognosis; cell cycle regulation; tumorigenesis; islets of Langerhans ID DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR; CYCLIN D1; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; EXPRESSION; CARCINOMA; CANCER; GENE; P27; RECURRENCE; PREDICTS AB Background. Little is known about the cellular defects and molecular mechanisms leading to pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs). p27(Kip1), a universal cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI), which acts as a tumor suppressor and a negative regulator of cell cycle. From previous reports, quiescent cells show high levels of p27(Kip1) expression while neoplastic and proliferating cells show no detectable p27(Kip)1 expression. We hypothesize that in malignant sporadic PETs, p27(Kip1) expression would be decreased compared with benign PETs and normal pancreatic tissue. Methods. Western analysis was performed on 28 PETs (7 malignant, 21 benign), 2 nonendocrine cell lines, and 5 endocrine cell lines, Signal intensities were quantitated using densitometry and standardized to normal pancreas. Results. Unexpectedly, increased p27(Kip1) expression as compared with control was seen in both benign and malignant tumors, as well as in all four pancreatic islet tumor cell lines, but not fibroblast or pituitary cell lines, evaluated. There was no difference in p27(Kip1) level between benign and malignant tumors. Conclusion. This represents the first report of anomalous p27(Kip1) overexpression in sporadic PETs, and is part of a growing literature describing the paradoxical overexpression of p27(Kip1) in human tumors that includes other endocrine tumors. These studies suggest a unique molecular pathway leading to endocrine tumorigenesis. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Gen Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Sawicki, MP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Gen Surg, Room 72-215 CHS,10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 21 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD APR PY 2001 VL 96 IS 2 BP 284 EP 288 DI 10.1006/jsre.2001.6085 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 421TT UT WOS:000168080200021 PM 11266285 ER PT J AU Christian, M Yeung, L Williams, R Moy, R AF Christian, M Yeung, L Williams, R Moy, R TI Conscious sedation in dermatologic surgery SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Dallas, TX 75216 USA. Journal Dermatol Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Christian, M (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Dallas, TX 75216 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 44 IS 4 BP 665 EP 670 DI 10.1067/mjd.2001.113607 PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 416EU UT WOS:000167768000018 PM 11260544 ER PT J AU Alessi, CA Kim, EC AF Alessi, CA Kim, EC TI Daytime sleepiness and functional status among nursing home residents. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Multicampus Program Geriatr Med & Gerontol, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 MA P285 BP S102 EP S102 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 426CC UT WOS:000168331300360 ER PT J AU Chodosh, J Shekelle, PG Ferrell, B Solomon, DH Roth, CP Saliba, D MacLean, CH Young, RT Wenger, NS AF Chodosh, J Shekelle, PG Ferrell, B Solomon, DH Roth, CP Saliba, D MacLean, CH Young, RT Wenger, NS TI Quality of care for chronic pain among vulnerable elders. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda GRECC, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 MA P430 BP S146 EP S146 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 426CC UT WOS:000168331300504 ER PT J AU Conn, V Siddle, JU Guthrie, M Fox, AR AF Conn, V Siddle, JU Guthrie, M Fox, AR TI Decreasing emergency room utilization: A Home-Based Primary Care Quality Assurance Program. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, GRECC, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 MA P186 BP S72 EP S72 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 426CC UT WOS:000168331300262 ER PT J AU Dhanani, S Yoh, E Harada, N Percy, L Makinodan, T AF Dhanani, S Yoh, E Harada, N Percy, L Makinodan, T TI Healthcare providers' understanding of herbal pharmacology. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles HealthCare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 MA P182 BP S71 EP S71 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 426CC UT WOS:000168331300258 ER PT J AU Fidellow, RE Miles, TP Parchman, M AF Fidellow, RE Miles, TP Parchman, M TI Satisfaction with medical care among recently decreased patients in the 1993 Medicare Beneficiaries survey (MCBS). SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 MA P357 BP S123 EP S124 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 426CC UT WOS:000168331300431 ER PT J AU Fox, AR Turner, GH Granieri, EC AF Fox, AR Turner, GH Granieri, EC TI Evaluation of a first-year medical student program in geriatric medicine. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GRECC, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 MA P271 BP S98 EP S98 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 426CC UT WOS:000168331300346 ER PT J AU Ghajarnia, MM Mendez, MF AF Ghajarnia, MM Mendez, MF TI Posterior Cortical Atrophy versus early-onset Alzheimer's disease: Clinical and neuroimaging differences. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dementia Clin, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 MA A8 BP S3 EP S3 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 426CC UT WOS:000168331300040 ER PT J AU Granieri, EC Fox, AR Siddle, JU Young, A Coyne, J Courtright, L AF Granieri, EC Fox, AR Siddle, JU Young, A Coyne, J Courtright, L TI Educational needs assessment results from a regional didactic geriatrics program. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GRECC, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 MA P150 BP S62 EP S62 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 426CC UT WOS:000168331300227 ER PT J AU Kim, B Lyons, TM Parada, JP Uphold, CR Yarnold, PR Goetz, MB DeHovitz, JA Weinstein, RA Campo, RE Bennett, CL AF Kim, B Lyons, TM Parada, JP Uphold, CR Yarnold, PR Goetz, MB DeHovitz, JA Weinstein, RA Campo, RE Bennett, CL TI Hiv-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in older patients hospitalized in 1995-1997. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Buehler Ctr Aging, Chicago, IL USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. VA Chicago Hlth Care Syst, Lakeside Div, Chicago, IL USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Hines VA Hosp, Midwest Ctr Hlth Serv Res & Policy, Hines, IL USA. Malcolm Randall VA Med Ctr, Brain Rehab Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. Rush Med Coll, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Jackson Mem Hosp, Div Infect Dis & Special Immunol, Miami, FL USA. RI Bennett, Charles/C-2050-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 MA P55 BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 426CC UT WOS:000168331300132 ER PT J AU Ly, JM Percy, L Dhanani, S AF Ly, JM Percy, L Dhanani, S TI The prevalence of herbal medcinal use in geriatric veterans. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 MA P295 BP S104 EP S105 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 426CC UT WOS:000168331300369 ER PT J AU Wenger, NS Saliba, D Roth, C MacLean, C Young, RT Kamberg, C Shekelle, P Solomon, DH AF Wenger, NS Saliba, D Roth, C MacLean, C Young, RT Kamberg, C Shekelle, P Solomon, DH TI Quality of initial outpatient and inpatient evaluation for vulnerable elders. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Greater Los Angeles VA Med Ctrs, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 MA P61 BP S34 EP S34 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 426CC UT WOS:000168331300138 ER PT J AU Covinsky, KE Kahana, E Kahana, B Kercher, K Schumacher, JG Justice, AC AF Covinsky, KE Kahana, E Kahana, B Kercher, K Schumacher, JG Justice, AC TI History and mobility exam index to identify community-dwelling elderly persons at risk of falling SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID OLDER PERSONS; INJURIOUS FALLS; HEALTH-STATUS; NURSING-HOME; ADULTS; POPULATION; MORTALITY; SYMPTOMS; OUTCOMES; BALANCE AB Background. Falls are common in community-dwelling elderly persons and are a frequent source of morbidity. Simple indices to prospectively stratify people into categories at different fall-risk would be useful to health care practitioners. Our goal was to develop a fall-risk index that discriminated between people at high and low risk of falling. Methods. We evaluated the risk of falling over a one-year period in 557 elderly persons (mean age 81.6) living in a retirement community. On the baseline interview, we asked subjects if they had fallen in the previous year and evaluated risk factors in six additional conceptual categories. On the follow-up interview. one year later, we again asked subjects if they had fallen in the prior year. We evaluated risk factors in the different conceptual categories and used logistic regression to determine: the independent predictors of falling over a one-year period. We used these independent predictors to create a fall-risk index. We compared the ability of a prior falls history with other risk factors and with the combination of a falls history and other risk factors to discriminate fallers from nonfallers. Results. A fall in the previous year (OR = 2.42, 95% Cl = 1.49-3.93). a symptom of either balance difficulty or dirtiness (OR = 1.83. 95% CI = 1.16-2.89). or an abnormal mobility exam (OR = 2.61. 95% CI = 1.64-4.26) were independent predictors of falling over the subsequent year. These three risk factors together (L statistic = .71) discriminated fallers from nonfallers better than previous history of falls alone (e statistic = .61) or the symptomatic and exam risk factors alone ( statistic = .68). When combined into a risk index, the three independent risk factors stratify people into groups whose risk for falling over the subsequent year ranges from 10% to 51%. Conclusion, A history of falling over the prior year, a risk factor that can be obtained from a clinical history (balance difficulty or dizziness), and a risk factor that can be obtained from a physical exam (mobility difficulty) stratify people into groups at low and high risk of falling over the subsequent year. This risk index may provide a simple method of assessing fall risk in community-dwelling elderly persons. However, it requires validation in other subjects before it can be recommended for widespread use. C1 San Francisco VAMC 111G, Div Geriatr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Sociol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Cleveland State Univ, Dept Psychol, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Covinsky, KE (reprint author), San Francisco VAMC 111G, Div Geriatr, 4150 Clement, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-10738, K23AG00714, AG-07823] NR 43 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 5 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD APR PY 2001 VL 56 IS 4 BP M253 EP M259 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 421AZ UT WOS:000168041100016 PM 11283200 ER PT J AU Justice, AC Chang, CH Rabeneck, L Zackin, R AF Justice, AC Chang, CH Rabeneck, L Zackin, R TI Clinical importance of provider-reported HIV symptoms compared with patient-report SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE symptoms; provider report; self report; health related quality of life; adverse drug reactions ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; CUBIC MILLIMETER; INFECTED ADULTS; RELIABILITY; VALIDITY; PHYSICIANS; PREVALENCE; PREDICTORS; DISEASE AB BACKGROUND. Although the patient experiences the symptoms, only symptoms that providers recognize and report "count" in most clinical and research settings. Reliance upon provider-report has been justified by the claim that providers report only "clinically important" symptoms. OBJECTIVE. TO determine whether provider reported symptoms constitute a more "clinically important subset of patient-reported symptoms in HIV infection. DESIGN. Secondary analyses of AIDS Clinical Trials 175 (ACTG 175), a randomized controlled trial of combination antiviral therapy among patients with moderate HIV disease. SETTING. Large, multicenter study. PATIENTS. 1,262 patients who participated in the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) sub-study and for whom providers completed symptom forms. MEASUREMENTS. Patient- and provider-reported symptoms, HRQOL, risk of recent hospitalization, survival, CD4 cell count, and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels. RESULTS. On average, providers reported 3-fold fewer symptoms than patients did, but the degree of under report varied by symp-tom. When patient-reports were used as a gold standard, provider-reports demonstrated poor sensitivity (mean 0.25) and good specificity (mean 0.96). Agreement beyond chance was fair (mean kappa 0.35) and did not improve when weighted by symptom severity. Site specific variation was greater for provider than for patient-reported symptoms (R-2: 0.15 and 0.05 respectively). Patient-reported symptoms were substantially more strongly associated with the physical health scale and all HRQOL subscales than provider-reported symptoms (P < 0.0001). Patient-reported symptoms were equally strongly associated with survival (P > 0.50) and recent hospitalization as provider-reported symptoms (P > 0.48). Of note, patient-reported symptoms were independently associated with survival and recent hospitalization after adjustment for CD4 cell count and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS. Provider-reported symptoms are not a more clinically important subset of patient-reported symptoms. Patient-reported symptom checklists are likely to be more complete and more strongly associated with HRQOL. Further, patient-reported symptoms are as related to recent hospitalization and survival as provider-reported symptoms. An HIV specific, patient-completed symptom checklist might substantially improve symptom reporting for adverse drug event monitoring, clinical management and medical research. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Sect GIM, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Gen Internal Med Sect, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Ctr Excellence, Dept Vet Affairs Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Harvard Univ, Stat & Data Anal Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Justice, AC (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Sect GIM, Ctr Res Hlth Care, 11E124,Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [K23 AG 00826-03]; NIAMS NIH HHS [U01 AR38855, U01 AR38858] NR 25 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 3 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD APR PY 2001 VL 39 IS 4 BP 397 EP 408 DI 10.1097/00005650-200104000-00010 PG 12 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 419RD UT WOS:000167961700010 PM 11329526 ER PT J AU Murray, EJB Beamer, WG Duarte, ME Behnam, K Grisanti, MS Murray, SS AF Murray, EJB Beamer, WG Duarte, ME Behnam, K Grisanti, MS Murray, SS TI Effects of dietary restriction on appendicular bone in the SENCAR mouse SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 10-14, 1997 CL CINCINNATI, OHIO SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; SKIN TUMOR PROMOTION; HIGH-FAT DIETS; EPIDERMAL HYPERPLASIA; ENERGY RESTRICTION; ALTERED EXPRESSION; OXIDATIVE EVENTS; CALCIUM-REPLETE; GENE-EXPRESSION; B6C3F1 MICE AB Peptide hormones, cytokines, and growth factors regulate cellular metabolism by stimulating second messenger signal transduction cascades in target tissues. A mutation in the regulatory domain of protein kinase C (PKC) in SENCAR (sensitive to carcinogenesis) mice renders them extremely sensitive to diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, resulting in rapid growth, high free radical generation, carcinogenesis, and metabolic bone disease. Dietary restriction (DR) normalizes PKC and ameliorates adverse downstream effects, including carcinogenesis, in SENCAR mice. We hypothesized that DR sufficient to ameliorate carcinogenesis would prevent or delay the early onset of metabolic bone disease in SENCAR mice. Male mice were assigned to 1 of 4 feeding groups from 10 to 16 weeks of age [the critical period when metabolic bone disease develops): ad libitum (AL)-fed; AL antioxidant (0.07% thioproline)-fed; 40% DR; or 40% DR antioxidant-fed. Femoral bone mass was determined gravimetrically. Tibial total, cortical, and trabecular bone mineral density (BMD) were determined by quantitative computed tomography. Body weight, femoral bone mass, and tibial cortical BMD were lower in DR than in AL mice. However, tibial total and trabecular BMD were higher in DR than in AL mice. Serum calcitonin, the hormone that inhibits the osteoclastic bone resorption that is most notable in trabecular bone, was 2-fold higher in DR than in AL-fed mice. Dietary thioproline had no major effects. Thus, DR sufficient to ameliorate carcinogenesis in SENCAR mice did not prevent early-onset metabolic bone disease, but it had a beneficial effect on tibial trabecular BMD that occurred at the apparent expense of cortical BMD. DR in SENCAR mice was also associated with elevated serum calcitonin, which may inhibit osteoclastic resorption and account for trabecular bone conservation in this model. In conclusion, PKC or the downstream metabolic processes regulated by it appear to play previously unrecognized roles in the regulation of tibial trabecular BMD and serum calcitonin in SENCAR mice. Copyright (C) 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, GRECC, Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. Univ Fed Fluminense, Dept Patol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Murray, EJB (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, GRECC, Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home, 11-E,16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD APR PY 2001 VL 50 IS 4 BP 436 EP 442 DI 10.1053/meta.2001.21694 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 418YV UT WOS:000167923400011 ER PT J AU Werts, C Tapping, RI Mathison, JC Chuang, TH Kravchenko, V Saint Girons, I Haake, DA Godowski, PJ Hayashi, F Ozinsky, A Underhill, DM Kirschning, CJ Wagner, H Aderem, A Tobias, PS Ulevitch, RJ AF Werts, C Tapping, RI Mathison, JC Chuang, TH Kravchenko, V Saint Girons, I Haake, DA Godowski, PJ Hayashi, F Ozinsky, A Underhill, DM Kirschning, CJ Wagner, H Aderem, A Tobias, PS Ulevitch, RJ TI Leptospiral lipopolysaccharide activates cells through a TLR2-dependent mechanism SO NATURE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-2; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI LIPOPROTEINS; INTERROGANS SEROVAR COPENHAGENI; NF-KAPPA-B; OUTER-MEMBRANE; CUTTING EDGE; BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM; MAMMALIAN INFECTION; PATHWAY DISTINCT AB Leptospira interrogans are zoonotic pathogens that have been linked to a recent increased incidence of morbidity and mortality in highly populated tropical urban centers. They are unique among invasive spirochetes in that they contain outer membrane lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as well as lipoproteins. Here we show that both these leptospiral outer membrane constituents activate macrophages through CD14 and the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Conversely, it seems that TLR4, a central component for recognition of Gram-negative LPS, is not involved in cellular responses to L. interrogans. We also show that for intact L. interrogans, it is LPS, not lipoprotein, that constitutes the predominant signaling component for macrophages through a TLR2 pathway. These data provide a basis for understanding the innate immune response caused by leptospirosis and demonstrate a new ligand specificity for TLR2. C1 Scripps Res Inst, Dept Immunol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Inst Pasteur, Unite Bacteriol Mol & Med, F-75724 Paris 15, France. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Genentech Inc, Dept Mol Biol, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Immunol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Tech Univ Munich, Inst Med Microbiol Immunol & Hyg, D-81675 Munich, Germany. RP Ulevitch, RJ (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Dept Immunol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RI Chuang, Tsung-Hsien/F-9679-2010 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-15136, R29 AI034431, R29 AI034431-05]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-28485, GM-37696] NR 57 TC 440 Z9 455 U1 5 U2 17 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1529-2908 J9 NAT IMMUNOL JI Nat. Immunol. PD APR PY 2001 VL 2 IS 4 BP 346 EP 352 DI 10.1038/86354 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 420AZ UT WOS:000167982900016 PM 11276206 ER PT J AU Chang, L AF Chang, L TI 'Differences in somatic perception in female patients with irritable bowel syndrome with and without fibromyalgia' - Reply SO PAIN LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, Neuroenter Dis Program, W Los Angeles VA,Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Chang, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, Neuroenter Dis Program, W Los Angeles VA,Med Ctr, Room 223,Bldg 115, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3959 J9 PAIN JI Pain PD APR PY 2001 VL 91 IS 3 BP 404 EP 405 DI 10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00453-X PG 2 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 421HT UT WOS:000168059500028 ER PT J AU Seeman, TE Singer, B Wikinson, CW McEwen, B AF Seeman, TE Singer, B Wikinson, CW McEwen, B TI Gender differences in age-related changes in HPA axis reactivity SO PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE age differences; gender differences; HPA axis reactivity; cognitive challenge ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; BEHAVIORAL STRESS RESPONSES; SEX-DIFFERENCES; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; ADRENOCORTICAL RESPONSIVENESS; PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CORTISOL; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; NEUROENDOCRINE AB Possible differences between men acid women in age-related patterns of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response to challenge were examined to test the hypothesis that women show greater age-related increase in HPA axis reactivity to challenge. Twenty-six younger subjects, 9 men and 17 women, ages 22-26 and 14 older subjects, 7 men and 7 women, ages 67-88 participated in the study. Patterns of change in salivary "free" cortisol were measured in response to a standardized, 30-minute cognitive challenge, administered individually to each subject beginning at 1600 h, Consistent with previous research, there was a significant main effect for age with respect to baseline cortisol: older age was associated with higher baseline cortisol (P = <0 .001). Results also provide support for the hypothesized age-by-gender interaction with respect to patterns of response to challenge. There was a significant interaction with respect to maximum percentage increase over baseline (P<0.002): among younger adults, the men exhibited greater increases whereas among the older adults, the women exhibited greater increases. A similar, though only marginally significant pattern was seen for total area under the response curve (P=0.07). Repeated measures ANOVA confirmed the gender-by-age differences in the patterns of response (P=0.01 for time*age*gender interaction). (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd, All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Geriatr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Princeton Univ, Off Populat Res, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Rockefeller Univ, Neuroendocrinol Lab, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Seeman, TE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Geriatr, 10945 Le Conte Ave,Suite 2339, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-00586, AG-05142, AG-10418, AG-17056] NR 59 TC 132 Z9 136 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4530 J9 PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO JI Psychoneuroendocrinology PD APR PY 2001 VL 26 IS 3 BP 225 EP 240 DI 10.1016/S0306-4530(00)00043-3 PG 16 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 409WJ UT WOS:000167408400001 PM 11166486 ER PT J AU Fisher, WE AF Fisher, WE TI Diabetes: Risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer or manifestation of the disease? SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID MEDICAL HISTORY; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; SYRIAN-HAMSTERS; MELLITUS; STREPTOZOTOCIN; INSULIN; CARCINOMA; ALCOHOL; COFFEE; GROWTH AB The objective of this study was to summarize the English-language literature that addresses diabetes mellitus as a potential risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer. Studies exploring the relation between diabetes and pancreatic cancer published between 1970 and 1999 were identified from a MEDLINE search and are summarized. They showed that diabetes mellitus occurs more frequently in patients with pancreatic cancer than in the general population. Most of the literature supports the view that diabetes of at least 5 years' duration increases the risk of subsequently developing pancreatic cancer. In addition, experimental forms of diabetes clearly affect the induction and growth of pancreatic cancer. The currently available literature thus suggests that diabetes is a risk factor for the subsequent development of pancreatic cancer. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Surg Serv 112, Houston Vet Adm Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Fisher, WE (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Surg Serv 112, Houston Vet Adm Med Ctr, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 58 TC 35 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD APR PY 2001 VL 25 IS 4 BP 503 EP 508 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 430CQ UT WOS:000168556300018 PM 11396427 ER PT J AU Ackermann, RT Mulrow, CD Ramirez, G Gardner, CD Morbidoni, L Lawrence, VA AF Ackermann, RT Mulrow, CD Ramirez, G Gardner, CD Morbidoni, L Lawrence, VA TI Garlic shows promise for improving some cardiovascular risk factors SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Evidence-based Complementary Medicine Congress CY APR 08, 2000 CL MUNICH, GERMANY ID ALLIUM-SATIVUM; BLOOD-LIPIDS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; PLASMA-LIPIDS; SERUM-LIPIDS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MEN; FIBRINOLYTIC-ACTIVITY; PLATELET-AGGREGATION; CHOLESTEROL LEVELS; FISH-OIL AB Objectives: To summarize the effects of garlic on several cardiovascular-related factors and to note its adverse effects. Methods: English and non-English citations were identified from 11 electronic databases. references, manufacturers, and experts from January 1966 through February 2000 (depending on the database searched). Reports of cardiovascular-related effects were limited to randomized controlled trials lasting at least 4 weeks. Reports of adverse effects were not limited by study design. From 1798 pertinent records, 45 randomized trials and 73 additional studies reporting adverse events were identified. Two physicians abstracted outcomes and assessed adequacy of randomization, blinding, and handling of dropouts. Standardized mean differences of lipid outcomes from placebo-controlled trials were adjusted for baseline differences and pooled using random effects methods. Results: Compared with placebo, garlic preparations may lead to small reductions in the total cholesterol level at 1 month (range of average pooled reductions, 0.03-0.45 mmol/L [1.2-17.3 mg/dL]) and at 3 months (range of average pooled reductions 0.32-0.66 mmol/L [12.4-25.4 mg/dL]), but not at 6 months, Changes in low-density lipoprotein levels and triglyceride levels paralleled total cholesterol level results; no statistically significant changes in high-density lipoprotein levels were observed. Trials also reported significant reductions in platelet aggregation and mixed effects on blood pressure outcomes. No effects on glycemic-related outcomes were found. Proven adverse effects included malodorous breath and body odor. Other unproven effects included flatulence, esophageal and abdominal pain, allergic reactions, and bleeding. Conclusions: Trials suggest possible small short-term benefits of garlic on some lipid and antiplatelet factors, insignificant effects on blood pressure, and no effect on glucose levels. Conclusions regarding clinical significance are Limited by the marginal quality and short duration of many trials and by the unpredictable release and inadequate definition of active constituents in study preparations. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Vet Evidence Based Res Disseminat Implementat Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio Evidence Based Practice Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Stanford Univ, Ctr Res Dis Prevent, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Ancona, Ist Med Clin, Ancona, Italy. RP Mulrow, CD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Vet Evidence Based Res Disseminat Implementat Ctr, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd 11C6, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 77 TC 125 Z9 134 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 26 PY 2001 VL 161 IS 6 BP 813 EP 824 DI 10.1001/archinte.161.6.813 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 413KK UT WOS:000167611200003 PM 11268223 ER PT J AU Gage, BF Fihn, SD White, RH AF Gage, BF Fihn, SD White, RH TI Warfarin therapy for an octogenarian who has atrial fibrillation SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID ORAL ANTICOAGULANT-THERAPY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT HEPARIN; FIXED MINIDOSE WARFARIN; RISK-FACTORS; BLEEDING COMPLICATIONS; ANTITHROMBOTIC THERAPY; VITAMIN-K; OUTPATIENT ANTICOAGULATION; EXCESSIVE ANTICOAGULATION AB In North America, atrial fibrillation is associated with at least 75 000 ischemic strokes each year. Most of these strokes occur in patients older than 75 years of age. The high incidence of stroke in very elderly persons reflects the increasing prevalence of atrial fibrillation that occurs with advanced age, the high incidence of stroke in elderly patients, and the failure of physicians to prescribe antithrombotic therapy in most of these patients. This failure is related to the increased risk for major hemorrhage with advanced age, obfuscating the decision to institute stroke prophylaxis with antithrombotic therapy. This case-based review describes the risk and benefits of prescribing antithrombotic therapy for a hypothetical 80-year-old man who has atrial fibrillation and hypertension, and it offers practical advice on managing warfarin therapy. After concluding that the benefits of warfarin outweigh its risks in this patient, we describe how to initiate warfarin therapy cautiously and how to monitor and dose the drug. We then review five recent randomized, controlled trials that document the increased risk for stroke when an international normalized ratio (INR) of less than 2.0 is targeted among patients with atrial fibrillation. Next, we make the case that cardioversion is not needed for this asymptomatic patient with chronic atrial fibrillation. Instead, we choose to leave the patient in atrial fibrillation and to central his ventricular rate with atenolol. Later, when the INR increases to 4.9, we advocate withholding one dose of warfarin and repeating the INR test. Finally, when the patient develops dental pain, we review the analgesic agents that are safe to take with warfarin and explain why warfarin therapy does not have to be interrupted during a subsequent dental extraction. C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Med Sci, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Gage, BF (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Med Sci, Campus Box 8005,660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [R01 HS10133] NR 116 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAR 20 PY 2001 VL 134 IS 6 BP 465 EP 474 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 409VF UT WOS:000167405800005 PM 11255522 ER PT J AU Huang, WB Carlsen, B Rudkin, GH Shah, N Chung, C Ishida, K Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA AF Huang, WB Carlsen, B Rudkin, GH Shah, N Chung, C Ishida, K Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA TI Effect of serial passage on gene expression in MC3T3-E1 preosteoblastic cells: A microarray study SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; REPLICATIVE SENESCENCE; GENOME; OSTEOPONTIN; MATRIX AB The osteoblastic function of mouse preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, as measured by alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin secretion, decreases after serial passage. To uncover genes responsible for decreased osteoblastic function in high-passage cells, we have studied passage dependent change of gene expression in MC3T3-E1 cells. Changes in the expression pattern of 2000 selected genes were examined simultaneously by comparing mRNA levels between MC3T3-E1 cells at passage 20 and passage 60 using the cDNA microarray analysis. Significant changes in the steady-state abundance of 27 mRNAs were observed in response to different passage numbers, including 17 known genes, 4 ESTs with homology to known genes, and 6 genes with no previously described function or homology. Northern blot analysis was used to verify and quantify the expression of selected genes, and revealed a significant higher level of up- and downregulation compared to microarray data. These re suits indicate the existence of a significant change in gene expression in osteoblastic cells undergoing serial passages. Such changes might be responsible for a reduction in bone regeneration in older osteoblasts. Potential roles of selected genes in bone aging are discussed. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Va Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Plast Surg Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Va Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, GRECC, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Va Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Miller, TA (reprint author), Va Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Plast Surg Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 23 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAR 16 PY 2001 VL 281 IS 5 BP 1120 EP 1126 DI 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4458 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 414AA UT WOS:000167642700010 PM 11243851 ER PT J AU Chalfin, S Belote, LR AF Chalfin, S Belote, LR TI Recovery from blindness: The South Texas Veterans Health Care System experience. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Dept Social Work, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 4594 BP S856 EP S856 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392104557 ER PT J AU Elliott, JL Wesley, J Scilley, K Owsley, C Kuyk, T AF Elliott, JL Wesley, J Scilley, K Owsley, C Kuyk, T TI Self-reported mobility performance among older veterans completing a blind rehabilitation program. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. RI Owsley, Cynthia/B-7986-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 4591 BP S855 EP S855 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392104554 ER PT J AU Obritsch, WF Van Remmen, H Fan, D Ferrington, DA AF Obritsch, WF Van Remmen, H Fan, D Ferrington, DA TI Protection of the retinal pigment epithelium by antioxidant enzymes. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Ophthalmol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Biochem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 4053 BP S756 EP S756 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392104016 ER PT J AU Sarraf, D AF Sarraf, D TI Clinical evaluation of choroidal folds. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Charles R Drew Univ Med & Sci, Sch Med, Martin Luther King Hosp, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA. Greater Los Angeles Vet Adm Healthcare Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 2317 BP S430 EP S430 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392102287 ER PT J AU Slezak, SJ Tavee, W Perlman, JI Klineman, BS DePinto, DJ Hines, E AF Slezak, SJ Tavee, W Perlman, JI Klineman, BS DePinto, DJ Hines, E TI Effect of cardiopulmonary bypass surgery on intraocular pressure. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 SU S MA 3364 BP S626 EP S626 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 427EP UT WOS:000168392103328 ER PT J AU Rao, VLR Dogan, A Todd, KG Bowen, KK Kim, BT Rothstein, JD Dempsey, RJ AF Rao, VLR Dogan, A Todd, KG Bowen, KK Kim, BT Rothstein, JD Dempsey, RJ TI Antisense knockdown of the glial glutamate transporter GLT-1, but not the neuronal glutamate transporter EAAC1, exacerbates transient focal cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal damage in rat brain SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antisense knockdown; EAAC1; focal cerebral ischemia; GLT-1; glutamate transporters; middle cerebral artery occlusion; neuronal damage; stroke ID ARTERY OCCLUSION; IN-VIVO; RELEASE; INJURY; EXPRESSION; STRIATUM; GLAST; DEATH; LOCALIZATION; HIPPOCAMPUS AB Transient focal cerebral ischemia leads to extensive neuronal damage in cerebral cortex and striatum. Normal functioning of glutamate transporters clears the synaptically released glutamate to prevent excitotoxic neuronal death. This study evaluated the functional role of the glial (GLT-1) and neuronal (EAAC1) glutamate transporters in mediating ischemic neuronal damage after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Transient MCAO in rats infused with GLT-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) led to increased infarct volume (45 +/- 8%; p < 0.05), worsened neurological status, and in-creased mortality rate, compared with GLT-1 sense/random ODN-infused controls. Transient MCAO in rats infused with EAAC1 antisense ODNs had no significant effect on any of these parameters. This study suggests that GLT-1, but not EAAC1, knockdown exacerbates the neuronal death and thus neurological deficit after stroke. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Psychiat, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada. Soonchunhyang Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Seoul, South Korea. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Rao, VLR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, F4-309 CSC,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. RI rothstein, jeffrey/C-9470-2013 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS28000, NS31220] NR 44 TC 150 Z9 159 U1 2 U2 5 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 21 IS 6 BP 1876 EP 1883 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 410CJ UT WOS:000167422200010 PM 11245672 ER PT J AU Intano, GW McMahan, CA Walter, RB McCarrey, JR Walter, CA AF Intano, GW McMahan, CA Walter, RB McCarrey, JR Walter, CA TI Mixed spermatogenic germ cell nuclear extracts exhibit high base excision repair activity SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNA-POLYMERASE-BETA; STRAND BREAK REPAIR; LIGASE-III; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; MEIOTIC RECOMBINATION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; TRANSGENIC MICE AB Spermatogenic cells exhibit a lower spontaneous mutation frequency than somatic tissues in a lad transgene and many base excision repair (BER) genes display the highest observed level of expression-in the:testis. In this study, uracil-DNA glycosylase-initiated BER activity was measured in nuclear extracts prepared from tissues obtained from each of three mouse strains, Extracts from mixed spermatogenic germ cells displayed the greatest activity followed by liver then brain for all three strains, and the activity for a given tissue was consistent among the three strains, Levels of various BER proteins were examined by western blot analyses and-found to be consistent with activity levels. Nuclear extracts prepared from purified Sertoli cells, a somatic component of the seminiferous epithelium, exhibited significantly lower activity than mixed spermatogenic cell-type nuclear extracts, thereby suggesting that the high BER activity observed in mixed germ cell nuclear extracts was not a characteristic of all testicular cell types, Nuclear extracts from: thymocytes and small intestines were assayed to assess activity in a mitotically active cell type: and tissue. Overall, the order of tissues/cells exhibiting the greatest to lowest activity was mixed germ cells > Sertoli cells > thymocytes > small intestine > liver > brain. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. SW Texas State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Genet, San Marcos, TX 78245 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Walter, CA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, Mail Code 7762,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG13560, T32 AG000205, AG00205, AG14674]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES09136] NR 62 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD MAR 15 PY 2001 VL 29 IS 6 BP 1366 EP 1372 DI 10.1093/nar/29.6.1366 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 411ZH UT WOS:000167529200013 PM 11239003 ER PT J AU Zhang, BM Kohli, V Adachi, R Lopez, JA Udden, MM Sullivan, R AF Zhang, BM Kohli, V Adachi, R Lopez, JA Udden, MM Sullivan, R TI Calmodulin binding to the C-terminus of the small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel hSK1 is affected by alternative splicing SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED POTASSIUM CHANNELS; HUMAN T-LYMPHOCYTES; RED-CELLS; ERYTHROCYTES; RECEPTORS; PROTEINS; KINASE; GENE AB We identified three splice variants of hSK1 whose C-terminal structures are determined by the independent deletion of two contiguous nucleotide sequences. The upstream sequence extends 25 bases in length, is initiated by a donor splice site within exon 8, and terminates at the end of the exon. The downstream sequence consists of nine bases that compose exon 9, When the upstream sequence (hSK1(-25b)) Or both sequences (hSK1(-34h)), deleted, truncated proteins are encoded in which the terminal 118 amino acids are absent. The binding of calmodulin to these variants is diminished, particularly in the absence of Ca2+ ions. The first 20 amino acids of the segment deleted from hSK1(-25b) and hSK1(-34b) contain a 1-8-14 Ca2+-calmodulin binding motif, and synthetic oligopeptides based on this region bind calmodulin better in the presence than absence of Ca2+ ions. When the downstream sequence (hSK1(-9b)) alone is deleted, only the three amino acids A452, Q453, and K454, are removed, and calmodulin binding is not reduced. On the basis of the relative abundance of mRNA encoding each of the four isoforms, the full-length variant appears to account for most hSK1 in the human hippocampus, while hSK1(-34b) predominates in reticulocytes, and hSK1(-9b) is especially abundant in human erythroleukemia cells in culture. We conclude that the binding of calmodulin by hSK1 can be modulated through alternative splicing. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Res Dept, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Sullivan, R (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr, Mail Stop 111H,2002 Holcombe, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 54218] NR 26 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAR 13 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 10 BP 3189 EP 3195 DI 10.1021/bi001675h PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 409VU UT WOS:000167407000022 PM 11258935 ER PT J AU Kohlwes, RJ Koepsell, TD Rhodes, LA Pearlman, RA AF Kohlwes, RJ Koepsell, TD Rhodes, LA Pearlman, RA TI Physicians' responses to patients' requests for physician-assisted suicide SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WASHINGTON-STATE; TERMINALLY ILL; EUTHANASIA; OREGON; DEATH; EXPERIENCES; NETHERLANDS; DEPRESSION; ATTITUDES; CARE AB Background: Studies show that patient requests for physician-assisted suicide (PAS) are a relatively common clinical occurrence. The purpose of this study was to describe how experienced physicians assess and respond to requests for assisted suicide. Methods: Focused ethnography in the offices of 11 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome physicians, 8 oncologists, and 1 hospice physician who had received requests for assisted suicide in their practice. Ten had facilitated PAS. Results: Informants had a similar approach to evaluating patients who requested assisted suicide, often asking, "Why do you want to die now?" Reasons for requests fell into 3 broad categories: physical symptoms, psychological issues, and existential suffering. Physicians thought they competently addressed patients' physical symptoms, and this obviated most requests. They treated depression empirically and believed they did not assist depressed patients with assisted suicide. Physicians had difficult); addressing patients' existential suffering, which led to most facilitated requests. Informants rarely talked to colleagues about requests for assisted suicide, suggesting a "professional code of silence." Conclusions: Regardless of divergent attitudes about PAS, physicians respond similarly to requests for assisted suicide from their patients, creating a common ground for professional dialogue. Our sample addressed physical suffering aggressively, treated depression empirically, but struggled with requests arising from existential suffering. A professional code of silence regarding PAS creates professional isolation. Clinicians do not share knowledge or receive social support from peers about their decisions regarding assisted suicide. Educational strategies drawing on approaches used by experienced clinicians may create an atmosphere that enables physicians with divergent beliefs to discuss this difficult subject. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Hlth Serv & Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med Anthropol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med Hist & Eth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kohlwes, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, 4150 Clement St,Campus Box 111, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 28 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 12 PY 2001 VL 161 IS 5 BP 657 EP 663 DI 10.1001/archinte.161.5.657 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 408QM UT WOS:000167339200003 PM 11231697 ER PT J AU Rhew, DC Tu, GS Ofman, J Henning, JM Richards, MS Weingarten, SR AF Rhew, DC Tu, GS Ofman, J Henning, JM Richards, MS Weingarten, SR TI Early switch and early discharge strategies in patients with community-acquired pneumonia - A meta-analysis SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual International Meeting of the International-Society-for-Pharmacoeconomics-and-Outcomes-Research (ISPOR) CY MAY 23, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Int soc Pharmacoecon & Outcomes Res ID PRACTICE GUIDELINE; THERAPY; ANTIBIOTICS; OUTCOMES; DURATION; TRIAL; COST AB Background: The effectiveness of early switch and early discharge strategies in patients with community-acquired pneumonia remains unknown. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, HEALTHSTAR, EMBASE, Cochrane Collaboration, and Best Evidence databases from January 1, 1980, to March 31, 2000, for community-acquired pneumonia studies that included specific switch criteria or recommendations to switch on a particular day. Results: From 1794 titles identified, 121 articles were reviewed. We identified 10 prospective, interventional, community-acquired pneumonia-specific studies that evaluated length of stay (LOS). Nine studies applied an early switch from parenteral to oral antibiotic criteria. Six different criteria for switching were applied in the 9 studies. Five of the studies that applied early switch criteria also applied separate criteria for early discharge. Six studies applied an early switch and early discharge strategy to an intervention and control group, and 5 of these provided SD values for LOS. The mean change in LOS was not significantly (P=.05) reduced in studies of early switch and early discharge (-1.64 days; 95% confidence inter val, -3.30 to 0.02 days). However, when the 2 studies in which the recommended LOS was longer than the control LOS were excluded from the analysis, the mean change in LOS was reduced by 3 days (-3.04 days; 95% confidence interval, -4.90 to -1.19 days). Studies did not reveal significant differences in clinical outcomes between the intervention and control groups. Conclusions: There is considerable variability in early switch from parenteral to oral antibiotic criteria for patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Early switch and early discharge strategies may significantly and safely reduce the mean LOS when the recommended LOS is shorter than the actual LOS. C1 Zynx Hlth Inc, Cedars Sinai Dept Med & Hlth Serv Res, Beverly Hills, CA 90212 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. TAP Pharmaceut Prod Inc, Lake Forest, IL USA. RP Rhew, DC (reprint author), Zynx Hlth Inc, Cedars Sinai Dept Med & Hlth Serv Res, 9100 Wilshire Blvd,Suite 655,East Tower, Beverly Hills, CA 90212 USA. NR 16 TC 76 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 12 PY 2001 VL 161 IS 5 BP 722 EP 727 DI 10.1001/archinte.161.5.722 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 408QM UT WOS:000167339200012 PM 11231705 ER PT J AU Goetz, MB Morreale, AP Rhew, DC Berman, S Ing, M Eldridge, D Justis, JC Lott, E AF Goetz, MB Morreale, AP Rhew, DC Berman, S Ing, M Eldridge, D Justis, JC Lott, E TI Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on outcomes in Veterans Affairs Medical Centers SO AIDS LA English DT Letter ID ECONOMIC-IMPACT; HIV RNA; COSTS; CARE; AIDS C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, San Diego, CA USA. VA Long Beach Healthcare Syst, Long Beach, CA USA. VAMC, Loma Linda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. Loma Linda Univ, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA. RP Goetz, MB (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. OI Goetz, Matthew/0000-0003-4542-992X NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAR 9 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP 530 EP 532 DI 10.1097/00002030-200103090-00015 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 409UL UT WOS:000167404000015 ER PT J AU Yan, XT Agrawal, A Kheradmand, F Corry, DB Tuvim, M Dickey, BF AF Yan, XT Agrawal, A Kheradmand, F Corry, DB Tuvim, M Dickey, BF TI Expression of the exocytic regulatory protein, Munc18-2, accompanies goblet cell metaplasia of airway epithelium in a mouse asthma model SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VAMC, Houston, TX 77025 USA. RI Agrawal, Anurag/A-7312-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP A1015 EP A1015 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410TA UT WOS:000167454201741 ER PT J AU Hsu, HC Williams, RW Geiger, H Shehon, BJ Yang, PA Zhang, HG Van Zant, G Mountz, JD AF Hsu, HC Williams, RW Geiger, H Shehon, BJ Yang, PA Zhang, HG Van Zant, G Mountz, JD TI Thymic involution is associated with a genetic locus on mouse chromosome 11. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. Univ Kentucky, Med Ctr, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A312 EP A312 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438101782 ER PT J AU Matsuki, Y Hsu, HC Zhou, T Cecconi, F Gruss, P Mountz, JD AF Matsuki, Y Hsu, HC Zhou, T Cecconi, F Gruss, P Mountz, JD TI Defective death by neglect and negative selection in thymic development of Apaf-1-deficient mice SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Max Planck Inst Biophys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A312 EP A312 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438101784 ER PT J AU Mukhin, YV Vlasova, TM Grewal, JS Ullian, ME Tholanikunnel, BG Raymond, JR Garnovskaya, MN AF Mukhin, YV Vlasova, TM Grewal, JS Ullian, ME Tholanikunnel, BG Raymond, JR Garnovskaya, MN TI ERK is an intermediate for rapid phosphorylation of Serine(795) of the retinoblastoma gene product in vascular smooth muscle cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A205 EP A205 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438101168 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA AF Pahlavani, MA TI Activation-induced apoptosis in T cells: Effect of age and caloric restriction SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A352 EP A352 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438102011 ER PT J AU Rumbaut, RE Williams, DA Huxley, VH AF Rumbaut, RE Williams, DA Huxley, VH TI Similar effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on microvascular permeability in three animal species SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A46 EP A46 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438100260 ER PT J AU Yan, XT AF Yan, XT TI Coordinate expression by GATA factors of the regulated secretory phenotype in mast cell development and activation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77025 USA. Houston VAMC, Houston, TX 77025 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP A713 EP A713 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 410KA UT WOS:000167438104096 ER PT J AU Fleischmann, J Liu, H AF Fleischmann, J Liu, H TI Polyadenylation of ribosomal RNA by Candida albicans SO GENE LA English DT Article DE hypha; pseudohypha; differential display; germination; serum ID MESSENGER-RNA; HYPHAL FORMATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; POLYMERASE SWITCH; YEAST; KINASE; MORPHOGENESIS; EUKARYOTES; CEREVISIAE; VIRULENCE AB Candida albicans is the leading fungal pathogen in immunocompromised patients such as those with AIDS and malignancies. It is a polymorphic organism existing as a unicellular yeast or as filamentous forms that include pseudohyphae and true hyphae. While studying the early period of hyphal transformation. comparing cDNAs from yeast to those in early transition, we were surprised to find 25S rRNA represented frequently in our differential display assays, suggesting that our reverse transcription with poly-T primers was copying rRNA with extended poly-A 3' ends. We now report that both the yeast forms and germinating organisms polyadenylate some of their 25S rRNA transcripts. We also found a rapid and transient enhancement of this process upon stimulation with serum. These data indicate that 25S rRNA polyadenylation is part of the biological repertoire of C. albicans and its transient upregulation just prior to hyphal development raises the possibility of a regulatory role in this transition. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Biol & Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Fleischmann, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD MAR 7 PY 2001 VL 265 IS 1-2 BP 71 EP 76 DI 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00362-6 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 415WX UT WOS:000167747500008 PM 11255009 ER PT J AU Martinez, V Tache, Y AF Martinez, V Tache, Y TI Role of CRF receptor 1 in central CRF-induced stimulation of colonic propulsion in rats SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE corticotropin-releasing factor; CRF receptor; astressin; NBI-27914; stress; colonic motility; gastric emptying; brain-gut ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; IMPAIRED STRESS-RESPONSE; WATER-AVOIDANCE STRESS; PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; FOS EXPRESSION; MOTOR RESPONSE; ANTAGONIST; BRAIN; HYPOTHALAMUS AB The CRF receptor subtype mediating the colonic and gastric motor responses to central CRF was investigated in conscious rats. CRF (0.6 mug/rat) injected intracerebroventicularly (i.c.v.) or 1 h water avoidance stress stimulated defecation (pellet/60 min: 4.1 +/- 1.0 and 8.7 +/- 0.7 respectively vs. 0.3 +/- 0.3 in i.c.v. vehicle/no stress). The CRF receptor 1 (CRF-RI) antagonist, NBI-27914 (50-100 mug/rat) injected i.c.v., abolished the colonic response to i.c.v. CRF and dose-dependently reduced that induced by water avoidance stress. NBI-27914 (100 mug/rat) injected peripherally did not influence the defecatory response to stress. The peptide CRF-R1/R2 antagonist, astressin (10 mug/rat, i.c.v.) inhibited the colonic motor response to i.c.v. CRF and stress similarly as NBI-27914 injected i.c.v. at 100 mug/rat. Intracisternal (i.c.) injection of astressin (10 mug/rat) also completely prevented CRF (0.6 g, i.c.)-induced delayed gastric emptying while i.c. NBI-27914 (50 or 100 mug) had no effect. These results indicate a differential role of central CRF receptor subtypes in the colonic stimulatory and gastric inhibitory motor responses to central CRF and that the CRF component of stress-related activation of colonic expulsion is primarily mediated by CRF-R1. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, DDRC, CURE,Dept Med,Digest Dis Div, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Cardenal Herrera Univ, Sch Vet, Dept Basic Biomed Sci, Valencia 46113, Spain. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, DDRC, CURE,Dept Med,Digest Dis Div, Bldg 115,Room 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41301, DK33061] NR 38 TC 84 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAR 2 PY 2001 VL 893 IS 1-2 BP 29 EP 35 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(00)03277-7 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 406QA UT WOS:000167225600004 PM 11222989 ER PT J AU Tu, YZ Kucik, DF Wu, CY AF Tu, YZ Kucik, DF Wu, CY TI Identification and kinetic analysis of the interaction between Nck-2 and DOCK180 SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE DOCK180; Nck-2; SH3 domain; protein protein interaction; two-hybrid assay; surface plasmon resonance ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; SH2/SH3 ADAPTER PROTEIN; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; SH3 DOMAIN; EXPRESSION; MEMBRANE; AFFINITY; BINDING AB Nck-2 is a newly identified adapter protein comprising three N-terminal SH3 domains and one C-terminal SH2 domain. We have identified in a yeast two-hybrid brid screen DOCK180, a signaling protein implicated in the regulation of membrane ruffling and migration, as a binding protein for Nck-2, Surface plasmon resonance analyses reveal that the second and the third SH3 domains interact with the C-terminal region of DOCK180. The interactions mediated by the individual SH3 domains, however, are much weaker than that of the full length Nck-2. Furthermore, a point mutation that inactivates the second or the third SH3 domain dramatically reduced the interaction of Nck-2 with DOCK180, suggesting that both SH3 domains contribute to the DOCK180 binding. A major Nck-2 binding site, which is recognized primarily by the third St13 domain, has been mapped to residues 1819-1836 of DOCK180. Two additional, albeit much,weaker, Nck-2 SH3 binding sites are located to DOCK180 residues 1793-1810 and 1835-1852 respectively. Consistent with the mutational studies, kinetic analyses by surface plasmon resonance suggest that two binding events with equilibrium dissociation constants of 4.15+/-1.9x10(-7) hi and 3.24+/-1.9 x 10(-9) M mediate the binding of GS5T-Nck-2 to CST fusion protein containing the C-terminal region of DOCK180, These studies identify a novel interaction between Nck-2 and DOCK180, Furthermore, they provide a detailed analysis of a protein complex formation mediated by multiple St13 domains revealing that tandem SH3 domains significantly enhance the weak interactions mediated by each individual SH3 domain. (C) 2001 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. RP Wu, CY (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pathol, 707B Scaife Hall,3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR47716]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK54639] NR 25 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD MAR 2 PY 2001 VL 491 IS 3 BP 193 EP 199 DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02195-0 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 408XT UT WOS:000167352800006 PM 11240126 ER PT J AU Schulenberg, J Maggs, JL Long, SW Sher, KJ Gotham, HJ Baer, JS Kivlahan, DR Marlatt, GA Zucker, RA AF Schulenberg, J Maggs, JL Long, SW Sher, KJ Gotham, HJ Baer, JS Kivlahan, DR Marlatt, GA Zucker, RA TI The problem of college drinking: Insights from a developmental perspective SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE binge drinking; college drinking; developmental disturbance model; alcohol use disorders; alcohol expectancies; brief intervention; developmental course ID BRIEF INTERVENTION; YOUNG ADULTHOOD; BINGE-DRINKING; STUDENTS AB This article represents the proceedings of a symposium at the 2000 RSA Meeting in Denver, Colorado. John Schulenberg and Jennifer L. Maggs were Organizers. Stephen W. Long was Chair and provided opening remarks. The presentations were: (1) I'm not a drunk, just a college student: Binge drinking during college as a developmental disturbance, by John Schulenberg; (2) Course of alcohol use disorders during college, by Kenneth J. Sher; (3) How do students experience alcohol and its effects? Positive versus negative expectancies and consequences, by Jennifer L. Maggs; and (4) Brief intervention in the context of developmental trends in college drinking, by G. Alan Marlatt. Critique and commentary were provided by Robert A. Zucker. C1 Univ Michigan, Inst Social Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Psychol, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA. Univ Michigan, Alcohol Res Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA. Univ Arizona, Div Family Studies & Human Dev, Tucson, AZ USA. NIAAA, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Psychol, Columbia, MO USA. St Louis VAMC, St Louis, MO USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Schulenberg, J (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Inst Social Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA. RI Schulenberg, John/A-2212-2008 OI Schulenberg, John/0000-0003-2129-8486 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA06324, R37AA05591, R37AA7231] NR 15 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD MAR PY 2001 VL 25 IS 3 BP 473 EP 477 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02237.x PG 5 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 413DH UT WOS:000167594300021 PM 11290861 ER PT J AU Maung, HM Elangovan, L Frazao, JM Bower, JD Kelley, BJ Acchiardo, SR Rodriguez, HJ Norris, KC Sigala, JF Rutkowski, M Robertson, JA Goodman, WG Levine, BS Chesney, RW Mazess, RB Kyllo, DM Douglass, LL Bishop, CW Coburn, JW AF Maung, HM Elangovan, L Frazao, JM Bower, JD Kelley, BJ Acchiardo, SR Rodriguez, HJ Norris, KC Sigala, JF Rutkowski, M Robertson, JA Goodman, WG Levine, BS Chesney, RW Mazess, RB Kyllo, DM Douglass, LL Bishop, CW Coburn, JW TI Efficacy and side effects of intermittent intravenous and oral doxercalciferol (1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D-2) in dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism: A sequential comparison SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH); renal osteodystrophy; secondary hyperparathyroidism; hemodialysis (HD); renal failure; 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D-2 (1 alpha D-2); doxercalciferol (1 alpha D-2); intravenous trial; oral trial; vitamin D; hypercalcemia; hyperphosphatemia ID HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; CALCITRIOL THERAPY; VITAMIN-D-2; SUPPRESSION; PATHWAY AB Most reports on the effectiveness and side effects of oral versus parenteral calcitriol or alfacalcidol in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism show no advantage of parenteral treatment. The efficacy and safety of intravenous doxercalciferol (1 alphaD(2)) were studied in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (plasma intact parathyroid hormone [iPTH]: range, 266 to 3,644 pg/mL; median, 707 pg/mL). These results were compared with those of a previous trial using intermittent oral 1 alphaD(2); the same 70 patients were entered onto both trials, and 64 patients completed both trials per protocol. Twelve weeks of open-label treatment in both trials were preceded by identical 8-week washout periods. Degrees of IPTH suppression from baseline were similar in the two trials, with iPTH level reductions less than 50% in 89% and 78% of patients during oral and intravenous treatment, respectively. Grouping patients according to entry IPTH levels (<750 and 750 pg/mL) showed similar but more rapid iPTH suppression in the low-iPTH groups, whereas longer treatment and larger doses were required by the high-iPTH groups. Highest serum calcium levels averaged 9.82 +/- 0.14 and 9.67 +/- 0.11 mg/dL during oral and intravenous 1 alphaD(2) treatment, respectively (P = not significant [NS]), Prevalences of serum calcium levels greater than 11.2 mg/dL during oral and intravenous treatment were 3.62% and 0.86% of calcium measurements, respectively (P < 0.001), Highest serum phosphorus levels during oral and intravenous treatment averaged 5.82 +/- 0.21 and 5.60 +/- 0.21 mg/dL, respectively (P = NS). The percentage of increments in serum phosphorus levels during oral treatment exceeded that during Intravenous treatment during 5 of 12 treatment weeks. Thus, intermittent oral and intravenous therapy with 1D-2 reduced iPTH levels effectively and similarly, hypercalcemia was less frequent, and serum phosphorus levels increased less during Intravenous than oral 1 alphaD(2) therapy, suggesting that intravenous 1 alphaD(2) therapy may be advantageous In patients prone to hypercalcemia or hyperphosphatemia. (C) 2001 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 Vet Affairs W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Med Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Affairs W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Charles R Drew Univ, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Pediat, Memphis, TN USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Med, Memphis, TN USA. Univ Mississippi, Div Nephrol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. Bone Care Int Inc, Madison, WI USA. RP Coburn, JW (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Frazao, Joao/J-9811-2013 OI Frazao, Joao/0000-0002-8081-5474 FU NCRR NIH HHS [1 P20 RR11145-01] NR 19 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 37 IS 3 BP 532 EP 543 PG 12 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 411JQ UT WOS:000167495600010 PM 11228177 ER PT J AU Glassman, PA Good, CB Kelley, ME Bradley, M Valentino, M Ogden, J Kizer, KW AF Glassman, PA Good, CB Kelley, ME Bradley, M Valentino, M Ogden, J Kizer, KW TI Physician perceptions of a National Formulary SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 29-MAY 01, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Gen Internal Med ID HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS; ATTITUDES; SYSTEM; COST; RESTRICTIONS; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; BENEFITS; SERVICES; PROGRAM AB Objectives: To assess the perceptions of US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) physicians regarding effects of a National Formulary (NF) on patient care, access to drugs, physician workload, and resident training approximately 1 year after it was implemented. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to attending physicians working within the VA healthcare system. Participants included general internists (n = 2824), neurologists.(n = 238), psychiatrists (n = 997), general surgeons (n = 429), and urologists (n = 152). The response rate was 45%. Results: Most physicians (63%) thought that they could prescribe needed drugs; 65% agreed that patients could obtain needed nonformulary drugs. One third disagreed that access to prescription pharmaceuticals had increased; 29% stated the NF impinged on providing quality care to their own patients, and 21% thought it did so to patients from other VA facilities. Thirty eight percent of physicians perceived the NF to be more restrictive than private sector formularies; 16% thought that the NF diminished the ability to train residents for managed care. Forty percent thought that the NF added to workload. Generalists more often perceived that the NF improved their ability to provide care compared with neurologists (27% vs 18%, P=.046), psychiatrists (27% vs 22%, P=.027), and internal medicine sub specialists (27% vs 18%, P =.001). Physicians with more clinic time were more likely to perceive that the NF increased workload. Conclusion: Although differences of opinions among physicians were noted, most responding VA physicians did not perceive that the NF adversely affected patient care, access to pharmaceuticals, physician workload, or resident training. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RAND, Survey Res Grp, Washington, DC USA. Vet Affairs Hosp, Pharm Benefits Management Strateg Healthcare Grp, Hines, IL USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Pharm Benefits Management Strateg Healthcare Grp, Washington, DC USA. Natl Qual Forum, Washington, DC USA. RP Glassman, PA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, 111G,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MED PUBLISHING, M W C COMPANY PI JAMESBURG PA 241 FORSGATE DR, STE 102, JAMESBURG, NJ 08831 USA SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG CARE JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD MAR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 3 BP 241 EP 251 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 409AN UT WOS:000167362500002 PM 11258142 ER PT J AU Akiba, Y Furukawa, O Guth, PH Engel, E Nastaskin, I Kaunitz, JD AF Akiba, Y Furukawa, O Guth, PH Engel, E Nastaskin, I Kaunitz, JD TI Sensory pathways and cyclooxygenase regulate mucus gel thickness in rat duodenum SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fluorescent microspheres; capsaicin-sensitive afferent nerves; bradykinin; capsazepine; indomethacin ID SENSITIVE AFFERENT NEURONS; GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; NITRIC-OXIDE DONORS; LUMINAL ACID; SECRETION; CAPSAICIN; BRADYKININ; NERVES; PROSTAGLANDINS; STOMACH AB We previously showed that the duodenal hyperemic response to acid occurs through activation of capsaicin-sensitive afferent nerves with subsequent release of vasodilatory substances such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and nitric oxide. We then tested the hypothesis that similar factors regulate duodenal mucus gel thickness. Gel thickness was optically measured using in vivo microscopy in anesthetized rats. Duodenal mucosae were superfused with pH 7.0 buffer with vanilloid receptor agonist capsaicin, bradykinin, or PGE(2) injection or were challenged with pH 2.2 solution, with or without the vanilloid antagonist capsazepine, human CGRP-(8-37), N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, and indomethacin. Other rats underwent sensory ablation with high-dose capsaicin pretreatment. Acid, bradykinin, capsaicin, and PGE(2) all quickly thickened the gel. Antagonism of vanilloid and CGRP receptors, inhibition of nitric oxide synthase, and sensory deafferentation delayed gel thickening, suggesting that the capsaicin pathway mediated the initial burst of mucus secretion that thickened the gel. Indomethacin abolished gel thickening due to acid, bradykinin, and capsaicin. Inhibition of gel thickening by indomethacin in response to multiple agonists suggests that cyclooxygenase activity is essential for duodenal gel thickness regulation. Duodenal afferent neural pathways play an important role in the modulation of cyclooxygenase-mediated physiological control of gel thickness. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Greater Los Angeles Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Coll Letters & Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Kaunitz, JD (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Bldg 114,Suite 217,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-54221] NR 24 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 280 IS 3 BP G470 EP G474 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 401FP UT WOS:000166917800019 PM 11171630 ER PT J AU Schutzer, WE Reed, JF Bliziotes, M Mader, SL AF Schutzer, WE Reed, JF Bliziotes, M Mader, SL TI Upregulation of G protein-linked receptor kinases with advancing age in rat aorta SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE beta-adrenergic receptor kinase; beta-adrenergic receptor; vasorelaxation ID VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; DESENSITIZATION; HYPERTENSION; RELAXATION; EXPRESSION; RESPONSES; AGONIST; PHOSPHORYLATION; MECHANISMS AB The age-related decline in beta -adrenergic receptor (beta -AR)-mediated vasorelaxation is associated with desensitization of beta -ARs without significant downregulation. The primary mode of this homologous beta -AR desensitization, in general, is via G protein receptor kinases (GRK). Therefore, we hypothesize that age-related changes in GRKs are causative to this etiology in rat aorta. Herein, we investigate the activity and cellular distribution (cytoplasmic vs. membrane) of several GRK isoforms and beta -arrestin proteins. GRK activity was assessed in extracts from aortic tissue of 6-wk, 6-mo, 12-mo, and 24-mo-old male Fischer-344 rats using a rhodopsin phosphorylation assay. We also performed immunoblots on lysates from aorta with specific antibodies to GRK-2, -3, -5, and beta -arrestin-1. Results show an age-related increase in GRK activity. Furthermore, expression of GRK-2 (cytoplasmic and membrane), GRK-3 (cytoplasmic and membrane), and beta -arrestin (soluble) increased with advancing age, whereas GRK-5 (membrane) expression remained unchanged. These results suggest that age is associated with increased activity and expression of specific GRKs. This increase likely results in enhanced phosphorylation and desensitization of beta -ARs. These biochemical changes are consistent with observed aging physiology. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Res Serv R&D 26, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Sch Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Portland VA Med Ctr, Res Serv R&D 26, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM scott.mader@med.va.gov FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-54415] NR 33 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 EI 1522-1490 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 280 IS 3 BP R897 EP R903 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 401FQ UT WOS:000166917900036 PM 11171671 ER PT J AU Adinoff, R Devous, MD Best, SM George, MS Alexander, D Payne, K AF Adinoff, R Devous, MD Best, SM George, MS Alexander, D Payne, K TI Limbic responsiveness to procaine in cocaine-addicted subjects SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Winter Conference on Brain Research CY JAN 20-24, 2001 CL STEAMBOAT SPRINGS, COLORADO ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY; ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; CEREBRAL PERFUSION; PANIC DISORDER; SPECT; ABUSE; ACTIVATION; EXPERIENCES; VOLUNTEERS AB Objective: The limbic system plays a critical role in motivation, emotional expression, and memory. The authors investigated whether a state of permanent limbic neuronal hyperexcitability, or sensitization, is present in cocaine addicts as a consequence of repeated cocaine use. Method: Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was used to compare the central nervous system response to the limbic stimulus procaine in 10 cocaine-dependent male patients and 10 healthy comparison male subjects. Results: The cocaine-addicted subjects demonstrated bilateral activation of the orbitofrontal cortex after the procaine challenge, whereas the comparison subjects showed activation of the anterior cingulate, bilateral insular, and right amygdalar regions. After receiving placebo, the cocaine-addicted subjects showed markedly lower rCBF in the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex than the comparison subjects. Conclusions: The pattern of hypoperfusion in the placebo state followed by heightened activation with procaine in the cocaine-addicted subjects is similar to the pattern of interictal hypoperfusion and ictal hyperperfusion that has been observed in subjects with epilepsy. The findings for the cocaine-addicted subjects may thus represent evidence of localized (orbitofrontal) sensitization. C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. VA N Texas Hlth Care Syst, Dallas, TX USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Nucl Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Dallas, TX USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Dallas, TX USA. RP Adinoff, R (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, 116A5,4500 S Lancaster Rd, Dallas, TX 75216 USA. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 158 IS 3 BP 390 EP 398 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 408JL UT WOS:000167323000009 ER PT J AU McElroy, SL Altshuler, LL Suppes, T Keck, PE Frye, MA Denicoff, KD Nolen, WA Kupka, RW Leverich, GS Rochussen, JR Rush, AJ Post, RM AF McElroy, SL Altshuler, LL Suppes, T Keck, PE Frye, MA Denicoff, KD Nolen, WA Kupka, RW Leverich, GS Rochussen, JR Rush, AJ Post, RM TI Axis I psychiatric comorbidity and its relationship to historical illness variables in 288 patients with bipolar disorder SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; CO-MORBIDITY; DSM-III; 1ST HOSPITALIZATION; GENERAL-POPULATION; MENTAL-DISORDERS; EATING DISORDER; PANIC DISORDER; MANIC PATIENTS AB Objective: Bipolar disorder often co-occurs with other axis I disorders, but little is known about the relationships between the clinical features of bipolar illness and these comorbid conditions. Therefore, the authors assessed comorbid lifetime and current axis I disorders in 288 patients with bipolar disorder and the relationships of these comorbid disorders to selected demographic and historical illness variables. Method: They evaluated 288 outpatients with bipolar I or II disorder, using structured diagnostic interviews and clinician-administered and self-rated questionnaires to determine the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, comorbid axis I disorder diagnoses, and demographic and historical illness characteristics. Results: One hundred eighty-seven (65%) of the patients with bipolar disorder also met DSM-IV criteria for at least one comorbid lifetime axis I disorder. More patients had comorbid anxiety disorders (N=78, 42%) and substance use disorders (N=78, 42%) than had eating disorders (N=9, 5%). There were no differences in comorbidity between patients with bipolar I and bipolar II disorder. Both lifetime axis I comorbidity and current axis I comorbidity were associated with earlier age at onset of affective symptoms and syndromal bipolar disorder. Current axis I comorbidity was associated with a history of development of both cycle acceleration and more severe episodes over time. Conclusions: Patients with bipolar disorder often have comorbid anxiety, substance use, and, to a lesser extent, eating disorders. Moreover, axis I comorbidity, especially current comorbidity, may be associated with an earlier age at onset and worsening course of bipolar illness. Further research into the prognostic and treatment response implications of axis I comorbidity in bipolar disorder is important and is in progress. C1 Acad Hosp, Utrecht, Netherlands. Willem Arntsz Huis, HC Rumke Grp, Utrecht, Netherlands. NIMH, Biol Psychiat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Inst Neuropsychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Biol Psychiat Program, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP McElroy, SL (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Biol Psychiat Program, POB 670559,231 Bethesda Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RI Nolen, Willem/E-9006-2014 OI Rush, Augustus/0000-0003-2004-2382 NR 46 TC 440 Z9 451 U1 4 U2 39 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 158 IS 3 BP 420 EP 426 DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.3.420 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 408JL UT WOS:000167323000013 PM 11229983 ER PT J AU Aziz, I Lewis, JR Baker, JD de Virgilio, C AF Aziz, I Lewis, JR Baker, JD de Virgilio, C TI Cardiac morbidity and mortality following carotid endarterectomy: The importance of diabetes and multiple Eagle risk factors SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Southern California-Vascular-Surgical-Society CY MAY 05-07, 2000 CL INDIAN WELLS, CALIFORNIA SP So Calif Vasc Surg Soc ID VASCULAR-SURGERY; DIPYRIDAMOLE-THALLIUM AB The objectives of this study were to (1) determine cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and (2) to determine whether any Eagle risk factors and/or the indication for CEA are associated with a higher risk of an adverse cardiac event. The records of 123 male patients who underwent CEA were retrospectively reviewed. The Eagle risk factors for adverse cardiac events, indications for CEA, and adverse cardiac events were recorded and analyzed. In males undergoing CEA, the presence of diabetes or multiple Eagle risk factors significantly increases the risk of an adverse postoperative cardiac event. There is no difference in cardiac event rate between symptomatic and asymptomatic CEA. Thus, asymptomatic CEA should be approached with caution in these higher cardiac risk patients. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, Dept Surg, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, Dept Surg, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Torrance, CA USA. RP de Virgilio, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, Dept Surg, 1000 W Carson St, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0890-5096 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 2 BP 243 EP 246 DI 10.1007/s100160010056 PG 4 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 417NK UT WOS:000167840900018 PM 11265091 ER PT J AU Farooq, MM Kling, K Yamini, D Gelabert, HA Baker, JD Freischlag, JA AF Farooq, MM Kling, K Yamini, D Gelabert, HA Baker, JD Freischlag, JA TI Penetrating ulceration of the infrarenal aorta: Case reports of an embolic and an asymptomatic lesion SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Southern California-Vascular-Surgical-Society CY MAY 05-07, 2000 CL INDIAN WELLS, CALIFORNIA SP So Calif Vasc Surg Soc ID RUPTURE AB Penetrating aortic ulceration is uncommon in the infrarenal aorta. We describe a patient with a penetrating infrarenal aortic ulcer manifesting as blue toe syndrome, and a second patient with a similar lesion identified as an incidental finding. These two patients were treated for penetrating infrarenal; aortic ulceration within the past 9 months at two university-affiliate hospitals, a regional Veterans Administration Medical Center, and a County Medical Center. Both lesions demonstrated aneurysm changes with varying degrees of mural thrombus. The lesion filled with fresh thrombus proved labile, with embolization manifesting as blue toe syndrome. We support the aggressive treatment of aneurysmal penetrating aortic ulcer with aortic graft replacement to eliminate the potential for distal embolization and to obviate the risk of rupture and death. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Gonda Goldschmied Vasc Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Farooq, MM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Gonda Goldschmied Vasc Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, 200 Med Plaza,Suite 510-6, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0890-5096 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 2 BP 255 EP 259 DI 10.1007/s100160010062 PG 5 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 417NK UT WOS:000167840900021 PM 11265094 ER PT J AU Andes, D Stamsted, T Conklin, R AF Andes, D Stamsted, T Conklin, R TI Pharmacodynamics of amphotericin B in a neutropenic-mouse disseminated-candidiasis model SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; PEAK CONCENTRATION; IN-VITRO; MICE; FLUCONAZOLE; PARAMETERS; INFECTIONS; ALBICANS; TARGETS; RATIO AB In vivo pharmacodynamic parameters have been described for a variety of antibacterials, These parameters have been studied in correlation with in vivo outcomes in order to determine which dosing parameter is predictive of outcome and the magnitude of that parameter associated with efficacy, Very little is known about pharmacodynamics for antifungal agents. We utilized a nentropenic mouse model of disseminated candidiasis to correlate pharmacodynamic parameters (percent time above MIG [T > MIG], area under the concentration time curve [AUG]/MIC ratio, and peak serum level/MIC ratio) for amphotericin B in vivo with efficacy, as measured by organism number in homogenized kidney cultures after 72 h of therapy. Amphotericin B was administered by the intraperitoneal route. Drug kinetics for amphotericin B in infected mice were nonlinear, Serum half-lives ranged from 13 to 27 h, Infection was achieved by intravenous inoculation with 10(6) CFU of yeast cells per mi via the lateral tail vein of neutropenic mice. Groups of mice were treated with fourfold escalating total doses of amphotericin B ranging from 0.08 to 20 mg/kg of body weight divided into 1, 3, or 6 doses over 72 h, Increasing doses produced concentration-dependent killing, ranging from 0 to 2 log(10) CFU/kidney compared to the organism number at the start of therapy. Amphotericin B also produced prolonged dose-dependent suppression of growth after serum levels had fallen below the MIG. Nonlinear regression analysis was used to determine which pharmacodynamic parameter best correlated with efficacy. Peak serum level in relation to the MIG (peak serum level/MIC ratio) was the parameter best predictive of outcome, while the AUC/MIC ratio and T > MIC were only slightly less predictive (peak serum level/MIC ratio, coefficient of determination [R-2] = 90 fo 93%; AUC/MIC ratio, R-2 = 49 to 69%; T > MIG, R-2 = 67 to 85%), The total amount of drug necessary to achieve various microbiological outcomes over the treatment period was 4,8- to 7.6-fold smaller when the dosing schedule called for large single doses than when the same amount of total drug was administered in 2 to 6 doses, Given the narrow therapeutic window of amphotericin B and frequent treatment failures, these results suggest the need for a reevaluation of current dosing regimens. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Med, Clin Pharmacol Sect, Madison, WI USA. RP Andes, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Room H4-570,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 25 TC 95 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 45 IS 3 BP 922 EP 926 DI 10.1128/AAC.45.3.922-926.2001 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 405AJ UT WOS:000167134800044 PM 11181381 ER PT J AU Steinhauer, SR Morrow, LA Condray, R Scott, AJ AF Steinhauer, SR Morrow, LA Condray, R Scott, AJ TI Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in persons with organic solvent exposure: Comparisons with anxiety patients and controls SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE anxiety; heart rate variability; respiratory sinus arrhythmia; solvent exposure ID R INTERVAL VARIABILITY; AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY; HEART-RATE; DISORDER; WORKERS; TOLUENE; TONE; AGE AB Persons exposed to organic solvents have psychiatric symptomatology and cognitive impairments. The results of several studies have suggested that some psychiatric symptoms in these patients reflect similar reactions observed in patients with anxiety disorders. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia provides an indication of impaired autonomic functioning. Whereas decreased respiratory sinus arrhythmia has been reported in anxiety patients, investigators have also noted that higher respiratory rates in these patients obscure differentiation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia from normal values. In this study the authors recorded multiple parameters of respiratory sinus arrhythmia under a paced-breathing condition in 28 patients with solvent exposure, in 18 patients with anxiety disorder, and in 31 controls. The authors observed a high 1-y retest reliability for a subset of the subjects. Significantly reduced respiratory sinus arrhythmia was observed in both anxiety and solvent-exposed patients, compared with controls. Maximum mean heart rates/cycle did not differ among groups, but minimum heart rates were significantly lower for controls than for the two patient groups. The findings suggested that reduced respiratory sinus arrhythmia among patients is not related to higher maximum rates but, rather, to a decrease in vagally mediated alteration associated with respiratory changes observed in both patient groups. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Armstrong Occupat Hlth Care, Kittaning, PA USA. RP Steinhauer, SR (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, 151R,7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-43846, MH-55762] NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA SN 0003-9896 J9 ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH JI Arch. Environ. Health PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 56 IS 2 BP 175 EP 180 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 426QR UT WOS:000168360300011 PM 11339682 ER PT J AU Webster, JB Bell, KR Hussey, JD Natale, TK Lakshminarayan, S AF Webster, JB Bell, KR Hussey, JD Natale, TK Lakshminarayan, S TI Sleep apnea in adults with traumatic brain injury: A preliminary investigation SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 59th Annual Assembly of the American-Academy-of-Physical-Medicine-and-Rehabilitation CY NOV 13-16, 1997 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Amer Acad Phys Med & Rehabil DE brain injuries; sleep apnea syndromes; rehabilitation ID EXCESSIVE DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; PREVALENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISTURBANCES; COMPLAINTS; STROKE; MEN AB Objective: To determine the occurrence and nature of sleep-related breathing disorders in adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Prospective, observational, consecutive sample en rollment of subjects admitted for rehabilitation after TBT. Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation and subacute rehabilitation units of a tertiary care university medical system. Participants: Subjects (n = 28) included adults with TBI and a Rancho Los Amigos Scale level of 3 or greater who were less than 3 months postinjury and admitted for comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation. Interventions: Overnight sleep study using portable 6-channel monitoring system. Main Outcome Measure: Respiratory disturbance index (RDI), which is the number of apneic and hypopneic episodes per hour of sleep. Results: Evidence of sleep apnea was found in 10 of 28 (36%) subjects as measured by a RDI level of 5 or greater and in 3 of 28 (11%) subjects as measured by a RDI level of 10 or greater. This rate of sleep apnea is significantly (p = .002) higher than would be predicted based on population norms. No correlation was found between the occurrence of significant sleep apnea and measures of TBI severity or other demographic variables. Sleep-related breathing disorders were primarily central though obstructive apneas were also noted. Conclusion: In this preliminary investigation, sleep-related breathing disorders as defined by a respiratory disturbance index of 5 or greater appears to be common in adult subjects with TBI. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Resp Therapy, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Pulm Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Webster, JB (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept PM&R, Moye Blvd, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. RI Sanguansri, Luz/B-6630-2011 OI Sanguansri, Luz/0000-0003-1908-7604 NR 33 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 82 IS 3 BP 316 EP 321 DI 10.1053/apmr.2001.20840 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 407RG UT WOS:000167284100005 PM 11245752 ER PT J AU Elhai, JD Frueh, BC AF Elhai, JD Frueh, BC TI Subtypes of clinical presentations in malingerers of posttraumatic stress disorder: An MMPI-2 cluster analysis SO ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE MMPI-2; malingering; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; cluster analysis ID COMPENSATION SEEKING STATUS; COMBAT VETERANS; PTSD; EXAGGERATION; POPULATION; VIETNAM AB This paper investigated subtypes of individuals trained and instructed to malinger Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) through a cluster analysis of their Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) clinical and validity scales. Participants were 84 men and women college students at a community college in the southeastern United States. Two well fitting MMPI-2 cluster solutions were evaluated with discriminant analyses and multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVAs); a 2-cluster solution was deemed optimal. Significant between-cluster differences emerged in follow-up analyses on most of the content scales of the MMPI-2. Most demographic variables did not account for differences in cluster membership. Clusters differed in their reported clarity of the materials used to educate them about PTSD. Discriminant analyses yielded better correct classification rates than those from previous studies, when the more severely symptomatic cluster was compared with a sample of clinical combat-related PTSD veterans. Implications are considered in conducting future malingered PTSD investigations. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Frueh, BC (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv 116, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1073-1911 J9 ASSESSMENT JI Assessment PD MAR PY 2001 VL 8 IS 1 BP 75 EP 84 DI 10.1177/107319110100800107 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 531YV UT WOS:000174445600007 PM 11310728 ER PT J AU Pettegrew, JW Panchalingam, K Levine, J McClure, RJ Gershon, S Yao, JK AF Pettegrew, JW Panchalingam, K Levine, J McClure, RJ Gershon, S Yao, JK TI Chronic myo-inositol increases rat brain phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE myo-inositol; phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen; major depression; phospholipid metabolism; P-31 NMR; HPTLC ID P-31 NMR; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ETHANOLAMINE PLASMALOGENS; MYOINOSITOL TRANSPORT; TISSUE PHOSPHOLIPIDS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; DOUBLE-BLIND; SYSTEM; MEMBRANES; DISORDER AB Background: Oral myo-inositol (12-18 g/day) has shown beneficial effect in placebo-controlled studies of major depression, panic disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder, and preliminary data suggest it also map be effective in bipolar depression. Evidence linking antidepressant activity to membrane phospholipid alterations suggested the examination of acute and chronic myoinositol effects on rat brain membrane phospholipid metabolism. Methods: With both P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and quantitative high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC; hydrolysis) methods, rat brain phospholipid levels were measured after acute (n = 20, each group) and chronic myo-inositol administration (n = 10, each group), With P-31 NMR, we measured myoinositol rat brain levels after acute and chronic myoinositol administration. Results: Brain myo-inositol increased by 17% after acute myo-inositol administration and by 5% after chronic administration, as compared with the control groups. Chronic myo-inositol administration increased brain phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) plasmalogen by 10% and decreased brain PtdEtn by 5%, thus increasing the ratio PtdEtn plasmalogen (PtdEtn-Plas)/PtdEtn by 15%. Phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen levels quantified by P-31 NMR and HPTLC were highly correlated. The validity and reliability of the P-31 NMR method for phospholipid analysis were demonstrated with phospholipid standards. Conclusions: The observed alteration in the PtdEtn-Plas/PtdEtn ratio could provide insights into the therapeutic effect of myo-inositol in affective disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2001;49:444-453 (C) 2001 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Neurophys Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Pettegrew, JW (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Neurophys Lab, Room A741,Crabtree Hall,130 De Soto St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG08974] NR 44 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 5 BP 444 EP 453 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)00953-7 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 409VN UT WOS:000167406500007 PM 11274656 ER PT J AU McConnell, KA Nahas, Z Shastri, A Lorberbaum, JP Kozel, FA Bohning, DE George, MS AF McConnell, KA Nahas, Z Shastri, A Lorberbaum, JP Kozel, FA Bohning, DE George, MS TI The transcranial magnetic stimulation motor threshold depends on the distance from coil to underlying cortex: A replication in healthy adults comparing two methods of assessing the distance to cortex SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE transcranial magnetic stimulation; motor threshold; motor cortex; prefrontal cortex; MRI; depression AB Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a hand-held electrified copper coil against the scalp produces a powerful and rapidly oscillating magnetic field, which in turn induces electrical currents in the brain. The amount of electrical energy needed for TMS to induce motor movement (called the motor threshold [MT]), varies widely across individuals. The intensity of TMS is dosed relative to the MT. Kozel et al observed in a depressed cohort that MT increases as a function of distance from coil to cortex, This article examines this relationship in a healthy cohort and compares the two methods of assessing distance to cortex. Seventeen healthy adults had their TMS MT determined and marked with a fiducial. Magnetic resonance images showed the fiducials marking motor cortex, allowing researchers to measure distance from scalp to motor and prefontal cortex using two methods: 1) measuring a line from scalp to the nearest cortex and 2) sampling the distance from scalp to cortex of two 18-mm-square areas. Confirming Kozel's previous finding, we observe that motor threshold increases as distance to motor cortex increased for both methods of measuring distance and that no significant correlation exists between MT and prefontal cortex distance. Distance from TMS coil to motor cortex is an important determinant of MT in healthy and depressed adults. Distance to prefontal cortex is not correlated with MT, raising questions about the common practice of dosing prefontal stimulation using MT determined over motor cortex. Biol Psychiatry 2001;49:454-459 (C) 2001 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Brain Stimulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Funct Neuroimaging Div, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Brain Stimulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Brain Stimulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC USA. RP George, MS (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Brain Stimulat Lab, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RI Kozel, Frank/I-5366-2012 NR 10 TC 119 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 5 BP 454 EP 459 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)01039-8 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 409VN UT WOS:000167406500008 PM 11274657 ER PT J AU Nusser, Z Naylor, D Mody, I AF Nusser, Z Naylor, D Mody, I TI Synapse-specific contribution of the variation of transmitter concentration to the decay of inhibitory postsynaptic currents SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GABA(A) RECEPTOR SUBUNITS; SINGLE-CHANNEL PROPERTIES; CEREBELLAR GRANULE CELLS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ADULT-RAT BRAIN; HIPPOCAMPAL SYNAPSES; MINIATURE IPSCS; MESSENGER-RNAS; RELEASE SITES; QUANTAL SIZE AB Synaptic transmission is characterized by a remarkable trial-to-trial variability in the postsynaptic response, influencing the way in which information is processed in neuronal networks. This variability may originate from the probabilistic nature of quantal transmitter release, from the stochastic behavior of the receptors, or from the fluctuation of the transmitter concentration in the cleft. We combined nonstationary noise analysis and modeling techniques to estimate the contribution of transmitter fluctuation to miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (mlPSC) variability. A substantial variability (similar to 30%) in mlPSC decay was found in all cell types studied (neocortical layer2/3 pyramidal cells, granule cells of the olfactory bulb, and interneurons of the cerebellar molecular layer). This large variability was not solely the consequence of the expression of multiple types of GABA, receptors, as a similar mlPSC decay variability was observed in cerebellar interneurons that express only a single type (alpha (1)beta (2)gamma (2)) of GABA(A) receptor. At large synapses on these cells, all variance in mlPSC decay could be accounted for by the stochastic behavior of similar to 36 pS channels, consistent with the conductance of alpha (1)beta (2)gamma (2) GABA(A) receptors at physiological temperatures. In contrast, at small synapses, a significant amount of variability in the synaptic cleft GABA transient had to be present to account for the additional variance in IPSC decay over that produced by stochastic channel openings. Thus, our results suggest a synapse-specific contribution of the variation of the spatiotemporal profile of GABA to the decay of IPSCs. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Mody, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, 710 Westwood Pl,RNRC 3-155, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Nusser, Zoltan/K-8587-2014 OI Nusser, Zoltan/0000-0001-7004-4111 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 30549] NR 51 TC 78 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 80 IS 3 BP 1251 EP 1261 PG 11 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 405VW UT WOS:000167182100019 PM 11222289 ER PT J AU Bjerke, RJ Mangione, MP AF Bjerke, RJ Mangione, MP TI Asystole after intravenous neostigmine in a heart transplant recipient SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA-JOURNAL CANADIEN D ANESTHESIE LA English DT Article ID REINNERVATION AB Purpose: To describe a heart transplant recipient who developed asystole after administration of neostigmine which suggests that surgical dennervation of the heart may not permanently prevent significant responses to anticholinesterases. Clinical features: A 67-yr-old man, I I yr post heart transplant underwent left upper lung lobectomy. He developed asystole after intravenous administration of 4 mg neostigmine with 0.8 mg glycopyrrolate for reversal of the muscle relaxant. He had no history of rate or rhythm abnormalities either prior to or subsequent to the event. Conclusion: When administering anticholinesterase medications to heart transplant patients, despite surgical dennervation, one must be prepared for a possible profound cardiac response. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Bjerke, RJ (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Hlth care Syst, Anesthesia Serv, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 8 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN ANESTHESIOLOGISTS SOC PI TORONTO PA 1 EGLINTON AVE EAST, SUITE 208, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4P 3A1, CANADA SN 0832-610X J9 CAN J ANAESTH JI Can. J. Anaesth.-J. Can. Anesth. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 48 IS 3 BP 305 EP 307 PG 3 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 411FP UT WOS:000167487700017 PM 11305835 ER PT J AU Metz, JM Jones, H Devine, P Hahn, S Glatstein, E AF Metz, JM Jones, H Devine, P Hahn, S Glatstein, E TI Cancer patients use unconventional medical therapies far more frequently than standard history and physical examination suggest SO CANCER JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE alternative medicine; complementary medicine; cancer; neoplasm ID ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE; PROSTATE-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; ACUPUNCTURE; HEPATITIS; CHEMOTHERAPY; COMBINATION; RELAXATION; DISEASE AB BACKGROUND Studies with questionnaires have suggested that many cancer patients utilize unconventional medical therapies (UMT). There are few data evaluating directed questions about the use of UMT. This study was performed to determine if careful directed questioning about UMT reveals a higher rate of utilization compared to standard history and physical examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective evaluation of 196 consecutive patients presenting for initial consultation at the University of Pennsylvania was performed. Each patient underwent standard history and physical examination, including questions regarding prescription and over-the-counter medications, At the completion of standard questioning, patients were asked an explicit set of directed questions regarding the utilization of UMT. The median age of the patient population was 61 years (range = 28-80 years), Cancer diagnoses included breast (19%), lung (28%), prostate (26%), and other (27%). Females constituted 32% of the patient population. RESULTS Initially, only 13 patients (7%) revealed they were using UMT during a standard history and physical. Evaluation of the remaining 183 patients with directed questioning revealed an additional 66 patients (36%) were utilizing these therapies. Of the 79 patients taking UMT, 84% were identified by directed questioning and 16% by standard history and physical examination (P less than or equal to 0.0005). Forty-one patients (52%) were using greater than or equal to 2 of these therapies (mean = 2.5; range 1-17 therapies). A total of 48 different UMT were used by this patient population. Patients utilizing multivitamin supplementation were significantly more likely to be using an UMT than those who were not (68% vs. 31%; P less than or equal to 0.0001). Females were more likely to use UMT than males (49% vs. 35%; P = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS The addition of explicitly directed questioning to the standard history and physical examination significantly increases the oncologist's ability to identify cancer patients who utilize UMT, Some of these therapies may interact with conventional cancer treatments and/or cause significant side effects; consequently. it is important for oncologists to detect those patients utilizing these therapies. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Metz, JM (reprint author), Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Radiat Oncol, 3400 Spruce St,2 Donner, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 40 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 5 PU JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS PI SUDBURY PA 40 TALL PONE DR, SUDBURY, MA 01776 USA SN 1528-9117 J9 CANCER J JI Cancer J. Sci. Am. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 2 BP 149 EP 154 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 419TX UT WOS:000167965700011 PM 11324768 ER PT J AU Nabors, LB Gillespie, GY Harkins, L King, PH AF Nabors, LB Gillespie, GY Harkins, L King, PH TI HuR, a RNA stability factor, is expressed in malignant brain tumors and binds to adenine- and uridine-rich elements within the 3 ' untranslated regions of cytokine and angiogenic factor mRNAs SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR EXPRESSION; FACTOR MESSENGER-RNA; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; SENSORY NEURONOPATHY; DOWN-REGULATION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; UP-REGULATION; IN-VIVO AB Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) often have sustained expression of labile genes, including angiogenic growth factors and immunosuppressive cytokines, which promote tumor progression. Stabilization of the RNA transcripts for these genes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is an important molecular pathway for this upregulation, HuR, a member of the Elav family of RNA-binding proteins, has been implicated in this pathway through its binding to adenine and uridine (AU)-rich stability elements (ARE) located in the 3' untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of the mRNA, Whereas three of the Elav family members (Hel-N1, HuC, and HuD) are restricted to young and mature neurons, HuR is more broadly expressed, including proliferating cells of the developing CNS, Because RNA stabilization of labile genes may promote tumor growth, we analyzed and compared the expression pattern of HuR in 35 freshly resected and cultured CNS tumors to determine whether there was any correlation with tumor grade or histological type, We found that HuR mRNA was consistently expressed in all of the tumors, regardless of cell origin or degree of malignancy. Using a novel HuR-specific polyclonal antibody, we found that strong HuR protein expression was limited to high-grade malignancies (glioblastoma multiforme and medulloblastoma), Within the glioblastoma multiforme, prominent HuR expression was also detected in perinecrotic areas in which angiogenic growth factors are up-regulated. To further define its role as a potential RNA stabilizer, we analyzed whether HuR could bind to the stability motifs within the 3'-UTRs of cytokines and growth factors linked to brain tumor progression. We used a novel ELISA-based RNA binding assay and focused on the 3'-UTRs of angiogenic factors VEGF, COX-2, and (interleukin) IL-8 as well as the immunomodulating factors IL-6, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha as potential RNA ligands, Our results indicated overall a very high binding affinity to these RNA targets. A comparison of these ligands revealed a hierarchy of binding affinities with the angiogenic factors, and TGF-P showing the highest (K-d of 1.8-3.4 nM), and TNF-alpha the lowest (K-d of 18.3 nM). The expression pattern of HuR, coupled with the RNA binding data, strongly suggests a role for this protein in the posttranscriptional regulation of these genes in CNS tumors. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Neurol, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Neurosurg, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP King, PH (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Neurol, 1235 Jefferson Tower, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA71933] NR 48 TC 188 Z9 196 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 61 IS 5 BP 2154 EP 2161 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 412RL UT WOS:000167568100062 PM 11280780 ER PT J AU Berenson, JR Vescio, RA Rosen, LS VonTeichert, JM Woo, M Swift, R Savage, A Givant, E Hupkes, M Harvey, H Lipton, A AF Berenson, JR Vescio, RA Rosen, LS VonTeichert, JM Woo, M Swift, R Savage, A Givant, E Hupkes, M Harvey, H Lipton, A TI A phase I dose-ranging trial of monthly infusions of zoledronic acid for the treatment of osteolytic bone metastases SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID AMINOHYDROXYPROPYLIDENE BISPHOSPHONATE APD; ADVANCED MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; BREAST-CANCER; DOUBLE-BLIND; SKELETAL COMPLICATIONS; PAMIDRONATE TREATMENT; BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS; HYPERCALCEMIA; RESORPTION; MALIGNANCY AB Bisphosphonates are potent inhibitors of bone resorption and provide a therapeutic benefit for patients with bone metastases, Zoledronic acid is a highly potent, nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, In the present trial, we assessed the safety and tolerability of increasing doses of zoledronic acid and its effects on urinary markers of bone resorption in cancer patients with bane metastases. Fifty-nine cancer patients with bone metastases were enrolled sequentially into one of 8 treatment groups in the core protocol. Each patient received a 5-min i,v, infusion of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.5, 2, 4, or 8 mg zoledronic acid monthly for 3 months. Patients were monitored for clinical findings, adverse events, electrocardiograms, markers of bone resorption, as well as routine hematology, blood chemistries, and urinalysis. Thirty patients who demonstrated a radiographic response to treatment or stable disease in the core protocol were enrolled in a humanitarian extension protocol and continued to receive monthly infusions, Zoledronic acid was well tolerated at all dose levels. Adverse events reported by >10% of patients included skeletal pain, nausea, fatigue, upper respiratory tract infection, constipation, headache, diarrhea, and fever. Three patients in the core protocol and one patient in the extension protocol experienced grade 3 skeletal pain,'flu-like" symptoms, or hypophosphatemia, which were possibly related to treatment; all recovered completely. Adverse events were reported with similar frequency across all of the dosage groups. Zoledronic acid resulted in sustained, dose-dependent decreases in urinary markers of bone resorption, Zoledronic acid was safe and well tolerated and demonstrated potent inhibition of bone resorption. C1 Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. RP Berenson, JR (reprint author), Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Div Hematol & Oncol, Beverly Modular 1,Room 100,8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. NR 64 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 3 BP 478 EP 485 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 418GT UT WOS:000167883100006 PM 11297237 ER PT J AU Reilly, CM Oates, JC Sudian, J Crosby, MB Halushka, PV Gilkeson, GS AF Reilly, CM Oates, JC Sudian, J Crosby, MB Halushka, PV Gilkeson, GS TI Prostaglandin J(2) inhibition of mesangial cell iNOS expression SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lupus; mesangial cell; nitric oxide; PPAR-gamma; prostaglandin J(2) ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; NF-KAPPA-B; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; RECEPTOR-GAMMA; GENE-EXPRESSION; CYCLOPENTENONE PROSTAGLANDINS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL CONTROL; MECHANISMS; P38 AB Mesangial cells from MRL/lpr mice, a model of lupus, overproduce nitric oxide (NO) compared to controls. J series prostaglandins (PG) and thiazolidinediones block LPS stimulation of NO production via the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) in macrophages but utilize an alternative mechanism in microglial cells. We investigated the mechanism by which PGJ(2) inhibits NO production in LPS/IFN-gamma -stimulated MRL/lpr mesangial cells. Our results demonstrated that LPS/IFN-gamma addition to MRL/lpr mesangial cells stimulated MOS activation, expression of p-38 kinase and p44/42 MAPK, and NF-kappaB translocation to the nucleus. Both pioglitazone, a specific PPAR-gamma agonist, and PGJ(2) blocked NO production, iNOS protein expression, and iNOS mRNA transcription. PGJ(2) failed to inhibit nuclear NF-kappaB translocation or p44/42 MAPK or p-38 kinase induction in stimulated mesangial cells. These data suggest that PGJ(2) blocks iNOS expression and subsequent NO production in mesangial cells via a PPAR-gamma -mediated mechanism either by interfering with NF-kappaB transcriptional activity or by an NF-kappaB-independent mechanism. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Ralph H Johnson VAMC, Med Res Serv, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. RP Reilly, CM (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R01AR45499] NR 34 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1521-6616 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL JI Clin. Immunol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 98 IS 3 BP 337 EP 345 DI 10.1006/clim.2000.4985 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 410BD UT WOS:000167419400006 PM 11237557 ER PT J AU Neuzil, KM Edwards, KM Reed, GW AF Neuzil, KM Edwards, KM Reed, GW TI Seroepidemiology of pertussis in senior adults SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv 111, Seattle, WA 98102 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Worcester, MA USA. RP Neuzil, KM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv 111, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98102 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 32 IS 5 BP 847 EP 848 DI 10.1086/319230 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 406ED UT WOS:000167201200030 PM 11229862 ER PT J AU Seliger, SL Davis, C Stehman-Breen, C AF Seliger, SL Davis, C Stehman-Breen, C TI Gender and the progression of renal disease SO CURRENT OPINION IN NEPHROLOGY AND HYPERTENSION LA English DT Review ID POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; COLLAGEN-SYNTHESIS; MESANGIAL CELLS; SEX-HORMONES; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; HYPERTENSIVE RATS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; BETA-ESTRADIOL; MESSENGER-RNA; EXPRESSION AB Many studies of chronic renal disease have reported that men have a more rapid progression of renal insufficiency. However, other studies have found no differences between the sexes, and the true effect of sex on chronic renal disease remains a topic of controversy. There is evidence that women with non-diabetic renal diseases experience a slower progression, but in diabetic renal disease, the effect of gender is not yet established. Sex hormones may mediate the effects of gender on chronic renal disease, through alterations in the renin-angiotensin system, reduction in mesangial collagen synthesis, the modification of collagen degradation, and upregulation of nitric oxide synthesis. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 10:219-225. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Renal Unit, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Kidney Pancreas Transplant Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Stehman-Breen, C (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Renal Unit, Mailstop 111A,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 42 TC 81 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1062-4821 J9 CURR OPIN NEPHROL HY JI Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 10 IS 2 BP 219 EP 225 DI 10.1097/00041552-200103000-00010 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Urology & Nephrology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 406MF UT WOS:000167219200010 PM 11224697 ER PT J AU Lesser, G Kandiah, K Libow, LS Likourezos, A Breuer, B Marin, D Mohs, R Haroutunian, V Neufeld, R AF Lesser, G Kandiah, K Libow, LS Likourezos, A Breuer, B Marin, D Mohs, R Haroutunian, V Neufeld, R TI Elevated serum total and LDL cholesterol in very old patients with Alzheimer's disease SO DEMENTIA AND GERIATRIC COGNITIVE DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; dementia; ApoE; CERAD; neuropathology; serum lipids; LDL cholesterol; nursing home; genetics; cholesterol ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-E POLYMORPHISM; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; DIFFERENT DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA; APOPROTEIN-E POLYMORPHISM; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; BLOOD-PRESSURE; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; MULTIINFARCT DEMENTIA AB The relationships of serum lipids with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias in very old patients are not clear. All residents of an academic nursing home were studied clinically for dementia and for serum lipids. All those autopsied over a 7.7-year period had apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotyping and detailed neuropathological examination. Those with pathologically defined criteria for AD (n = 84) were compared to all others who also had clinical dementia but did not show AD changes (n = 22). In contrast to most other reports of serum lipids in very old patients with AD, total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were each significantly higher for those with AD. The lipid-AD associations were progressively stronger with increasing pathological certainty of AD diagnosis. These relationships remained significant after adjustment for apoE genotype and for other known risk factors. The lipid-AD associations in a very old cohort, and prior evidence that elevated TC in middle life is a risk factor for later dementia, prompt consideration of factors associated with lipid metabolism in the development of Alzheimer's dementia. Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 Jewish Home & Hosp New York, New York, NY 10025 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Geriatr & Adult Dev, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. RP Lesser, G (reprint author), Jewish Home & Hosp New York, 120 W 106th St, New York, NY 10025 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-05138, AG-02219] NR 72 TC 51 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-8008 J9 DEMENT GERIATR COGN JI Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 12 IS 2 BP 138 EP 145 DI 10.1159/000051248 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 402UN UT WOS:000167006700013 PM 11173887 ER PT J AU Stelzner, M Somasundaram, S Kearney, D AF Stelzner, M Somasundaram, S Kearney, D TI A simple method for measuring of intestinal solute transport in mucosal biopsy specimens SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE ileum; bile acids; absorption; sheep; human ID NEGATIVE FEEDBACK-REGULATION; BILE-ACID TRANSPORT; NUTRIENT TRANSPORT; ILEAL; ABSORPTION AB Accurate in vitro measurements of intestinal mucosal solute uptake in humans are often difficult because only small amounts of tissue material are available. We describe a miniaturized everted sleeve method of measuring intestinal solute uptake in endoscopy biopsy samples that combines simplicity, good tissue viability and reproducibility. Biopsies were mounted on a dressmaker needle head stationed immediately over a stirring bar rotating at 1200 rpm. This approach was used to measure taurocholate uptake in sheep and human endoscopy biopsies. Comparison was made to conventional standardized everted sleeve preparations. Na+-dependent uptake rates correlated well among individual sheep (R 0.88, P < 0.05). There was excellent correlation between conventional and biopsy preparations in humans (R-2 0.98; P < 0.05). The biopsy method overestimated diffusional uptake rates in sheep and humans by two to three fold when compared to conventional everted sleeve preparations. We conclude that this method is valuable to measure Na+ dependent solute uptake rates in biopsy samples from human intestine. C1 Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Surg Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Surg Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Surg Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Gastroenterol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Stelzner, M (reprint author), Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Surg Serv, 112,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 46 IS 3 BP 451 EP 456 DI 10.1023/A:1005681624873 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 421ZB UT WOS:000168092500001 PM 11318514 ER PT J AU Ehrman, RN Robbins, SJ Cornish, JW AF Ehrman, RN Robbins, SJ Cornish, JW TI Results of a baseline urine test predict levels of cocaine use during treatment SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE cocaine dependence; cocaine use; urine test; treatment outcome ID ADDICTION SEVERITY INDEX; ATTRITION; ABUSERS; ABSTINENCE; FAILURE; ALCOHOL AB Sixty-one cocaine dependent outpatients submitted a single urine sample at least 1 week prior to entry into a 4-week treatment study. Participants were then expected to provide three urine samples per week during the month of treatment. The 61 patients studied here all completed treatment and provided an average of more than 11 of 12 scheduled urine samples. Participants who submitted a cocaine-positive sample prior to treatment provided more positive urine samples during the 4-week trial, were less likely to be completely abstinent during the month, and took longer to reach an initial abstinence criterion of three consecutive cocaine-free urines. Thus, a single pretreatment urine test represents a powerful predictor of subsequent cocaine use. The results suggest that future randomized trials stratify group assignment based on the results of a baseline urine test. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Treatment Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Beaver Coll, Glenside, PA 19038 USA. RP Ehrman, RN (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [P50-DA09252-02, DA03008] NR 19 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 62 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/S0376-8716(00)00137-X PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 406CB UT WOS:000167196400001 PM 11173162 ER PT J AU Strausbaugh, LJ AF Strausbaugh, LJ TI Emerging health care-associated infections in the geriatric population SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Decennial International Conference on Nosocomial and Healthcare-Associated Infections in Conjunction with the 10th Annual Meeting of SHEA CY MAR 05-09, 2000 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP SHEA ID RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM; NURSING-HOME; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; CONTROL PROGRAMS; FACILITIES; OUTBREAK; RISK; PREVENTION; RESIDENTS; DIARRHEA AB The increasing number of persons >65 years of age form a special population at risk for nosocomial and other health care-associated infections. The vulnerability of this age group is related to impaired host defenses such as diminished cell-mediated immunity. Lifestyle considerations. e.g., travel and living arrangements, and residence in nursing homes, can further complicate the clinical picture. The magnitude and diversity of health care-associated infections in the aging population are generating new arenas for prevention and control efforts. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Strausbaugh, LJ (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, P-3-ID,3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 35 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 2 BP 268 EP 271 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 422HG UT WOS:000168112000024 PM 11294721 ER PT J AU Tonini, M Spelta, V De Ponti, F De Giorgio, R D'Agostino, G Stanghellini, V Corinaldesi, R Sternini, C Crema, F AF Tonini, M Spelta, V De Ponti, F De Giorgio, R D'Agostino, G Stanghellini, V Corinaldesi, R Sternini, C Crema, F TI Tachykinin-dependent and -independent components of peristalsis in the guinea pig isolated distal colon SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAT GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; CIRCULAR MUSCLE; SMALL-INTESTINE; NK2 RECEPTORS; SUBSTANCE-P; INTERSTITIAL-CELLS; NITRIC-OXIDE; SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION; MOTILITY REFLEXES; MYENTERIC PLEXUS AB Background & Aims: In-the intestine, tachykinins regulate motility by participating in neuromuscular and neuro-neuronal transmission. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that colonic propulsion is regulated by an interplay between tachykinergic and cholinergic transmission. Methods: Propulsion was elicited by intraluminal distention of a thin rubber balloon, which traveled from the oral to the anal end of guinea pig isolated distal colon segments. The overall contribution of endogenous tachyhinins to colonic propulsion was examined by blocking NK1, NK2, and NK3 receptors simultaneously. Results: NK2-receptor blockade by MEN 11420 inhibited propulsion, whereas blockade of NK1 by SR 140333 or of NK3 receptors by SR 142801 had minor effects on motility, Blockade of muscarinic or nicotinic receptors by hyoscine or hexamethonium decelerated peristalsis up to propulsion arrest. In the presence of partial muscarinic receptor blockade, the NK1-receptor antagonist SR 140333 and the NK2-receptor antagonist MEN 11420 markedly inhibited propulsion. Propulsion was also inhibited by the NK3-receptor antagonist SR 142801 in the presence of partial nicotinic receptor blockade. The simultaneous administration of the 3 tachykinin antagonists inhibited propulsion by 50%. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the existence of an interplay between tachykinergic and cholinergic pathways during peristalsis and the importance of endogenous tachykinins acting at multiple receptor sites in the control of colonic propulsion. C1 Univ Pavia, Dept Internal Med & Therapeut, Div Clin & Expt Pharmacol, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Bologna, Dept Pharmacol, Bologna, Italy. Univ Bologna, Dept Internal Med & Gastroenterol, Bologna, Italy. Univ Pavia, Sch Pharm, Dept Expt & Appl Pharmacol, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Div Digest Dis, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Div Digest Dis, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Tonini, M (reprint author), Univ Pavia, Dept Internal Med & Therapeut, Div Clin & Expt Pharmacol, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. OI De Giorgio, Roberto/0000-0003-0867-5873; De Ponti, Fabrizio/0000-0002-0367-9595 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 54155]; PHS HHS [41301] NR 50 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD MAR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 4 BP 938 EP 945 DI 10.1053/gast.2001.22526 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 407ZP UT WOS:000167302300022 PM 11231947 ER PT J AU Lieberman, D AF Lieberman, D TI Colorectal cancer: Not an equal opportunity cancer SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID FECAL OCCULT-BLOOD; COST; COLON; CARE C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Lieberman, D (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, P3-G1,POB 1034, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD MAR PY 2001 VL 120 IS 4 BP 1043 EP 1046 DI 10.1053/gast.2001.23055 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 407ZP UT WOS:000167302300034 PM 11231960 ER PT J AU Griffiths, RI Rabeneck, L Guzman, G Cromwell, DM Strauss, MJ Robinson, JW Winston, B Li, T Graham, DY AF Griffiths, RI Rabeneck, L Guzman, G Cromwell, DM Strauss, MJ Robinson, JW Winston, B Li, T Graham, DY TI Costs of Managing Helicobacter pylori-infected ulcer patients after initial therapy SO HELICOBACTER LA English DT Article ID DUODENAL-ULCER; UNITED-STATES; ERADICATION; RECURRENCE; DYSPEPSIA; ENDOSCOPY; METRONIDAZOLE; OMEPRAZOLE; MANAGEMENT AB Background. The objective of this research was to evaluate the outcomes and costs of alternative approaches to managing patients previously treated for peptic ulcer disease and Helicobacter pylori infection. Materials and Methods. A decision-analytic model was used to compare (1a) urease breath testing (UBT) for assessment of H. pylori status versus (1b) observation without further testing or treatment, among patients who were symptom-free following initial antimicrobial and antisecretory therapy for endoscopically demonstrated ulcer and H. pylori infection; and (2a) UBT versus (2b) repeat endoscopy with H. pylori testing, and versus (2c) repeat antimicrobial and antisecretory therapy without further testing, among patients who remained symptomatic following initial therapy. Results, Among patients who were symptom free after initial therapy, 6.1% receiving UBT had symptomatic ulcer at one year, compared to 18.2% of those simply observed. The expected first-year cost per symptom-free patient following initial therapy was $591 for UBT compared to $480 for observation. Among patients with persistent symptoms after initial therapy, 21% receiving repeat therapy had symptomatic ulcer at one year, compared to 23.8% receiving repeat endoscopy, and 23.3% receiving UBT. Corresponding medical costs per patient were, respectively, $766, $1787 and $1122. Conclusions. The optimal approach to managing patients following initial treatment for ulcer and H. pylori infection depends on symptom status following initial therapy. For symptomatic patients, the preferred approach is to prescribe a repeat course of antimicrobial and antisecretory therapy. For patients without symptoms following initial therapy, UBT is the preferred approach because it is associated with a threefold lower risk of symptomatic ulcer at one year, although it costs an additional $110 per patient, compared with observation. C1 Project Hope Ctr Hlth Affairs, Bethesda, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. VA Hlth Serv Res & Dev HSR & D Field Program, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Covance Hlth Econ & Outcomes Serv Inc, Washington, DC USA. St Marks Hlth Care Fdn, Midvale, UT USA. Kaiser Permanente, Springfield, VA USA. Spring Valley Primary Care, Washington, DC USA. RP Rabeneck, L (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 111D,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1083-4389 J9 HELICOBACTER JI Helicobacter PD MAR PY 2001 VL 6 IS 1 BP 66 EP 76 DI 10.1046/j.1523-5378.2001.00008.x PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology GA 425DG UT WOS:000168272600009 PM 11328368 ER PT J AU Muder, RR AF Muder, RR TI Frequency of intravenous administration set changes and bacteremia: Defining the risk SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID INTERVALS; PREVENTION; INFECTIONS; 48-HOUR C1 Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Infect Dis Sect, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Muder, RR (reprint author), Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Infect Dis Sect, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 22 IS 3 BP 134 EP 135 DI 10.1086/501878 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 413MV UT WOS:000167616700002 PM 11310689 ER PT J AU Neuzil, KM Griffin, MR Schaffner, W AF Neuzil, KM Griffin, MR Schaffner, W TI Influenza vaccine: Issues and opportunities SO INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; LONG-TERM-CARE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; DOUBLE-BLIND; RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; NATURAL INFECTION AB Several recent developments offer opportunities to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of influenza. Rapid diagnostic tests assist in selecting patients for antiviral therapy and avoid some antibiotic use. The neuraminidase inhibitors now offer therapeutic options with potentially fewer side effects than the traditional drugs, albeit at greater cost. Inactivated influenza vaccine is now recommended annually for all persons aged 50 and older and younger adults and children (aged 6 months and older) who have underlying risk factors for the severe complications of influenza. This includes pregnant women who are in their second or third trimesters during influenza season. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Schaffner, W (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, A-1124 Med Ctr N, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. NR 84 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0891-5520 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN N AM JI Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 123 EP + DI 10.1016/S0891-5520(05)70271-3 PG 20 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 418HY UT WOS:000167885900009 PM 11301811 ER PT J AU Bush, RK Portnoy, JM AF Bush, RK Portnoy, JM TI The role and abatement of fungal allergens in allergic diseases SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fungi; allergic disease; asthma; environment; exposure; abatement ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; MAJOR ALTERNARIA ALLERGEN; SICK BUILDING SYNDROME; 2ND NATIONAL-HEALTH; SCHOOL-AGE-CHILDREN; DUST MITE; INDOOR AIR; RESIDENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS AB Sensitivity to a variety of fungi is known to be a factor in allergic rhinitis and asthma. In this review methods for measuring exposure to fungi in the indoor environment are evaluated. A variety of markers for the presence of fungi are also described in addition to their known relationship to either toxic or adverse immunologic effects. Key studies documenting the clinical effects of different types of fungi are also reviewed, as well as a description of abatement methods that either have been successful or need further investigation. Although many studies have shown an association between exposure to fungi and allergic disease, in many cases a direct cause-and-effect relationship has not been established. Improved knowledge of the epidemiology and mechanisms behind fungal-induced human disease will hopefully establish this causal link and suggest methods for reducing morbidity. C1 Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Childrens Mercy Hosp, Sect Allergy Immunol, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. RP Bush, RK (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Med, 2500 OVerlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 94 TC 78 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 107 IS 3 SU S BP S430 EP S440 PG 11 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 418KR UT WOS:000167891800005 PM 11242604 ER PT J AU Eggleston, PA Bush, RK AF Eggleston, PA Bush, RK TI Environmental allergen avoidance: An overview SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Bush, RK (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Med, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 107 IS 3 SU S BP S403 EP S405 PG 3 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 418KR UT WOS:000167891800001 PM 11242600 ER PT J AU Ledoux, WR Hirsch, BE Church, T Caunin, M AF Ledoux, WR Hirsch, BE Church, T Caunin, M TI Pennation angles of the intrinsic muscles of the foot SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE musculoskeletal modeling; muscle architecture; pennation angle; foot ID MODELS; ARCHITECTURE; LENGTH AB As mathematical models of the musculoskeletal system become increasingly detailed and precise, they require more accurate information about the architectural parameters of the individual muscles. These muscles are typically represented as Hill-type models, which require data on fiber length, physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) and pennation angle. Most of this information for lower limb muscles has been published, except for data on the pennation angle of the intrinsic muscles of the foot. Each (n = 20) intrinsic muscle of three human feet was dissected free. The dorsal and plantar surfaces were photographed and a digitized color image was imported into Abobe Photoshop(TM). The muscles were divided into "anatomical units". For each anatomical unit (n = 26), a line was drawn along the tendon axis and a number of other lines were drawn along individual muscle fibers. The angle between the tendon line and each fiber line was defined as the pennation angle of that fiber. By visual inspection, an effort was made to take measurements such that they represented the distribution of fibers in various parts of the muscle. Although some individual muscles had higher or lower pennation angles, when averaged for all specimens, the second dorsal interosseous had the smallest pennation angle (6.7 +/- 6.81 degrees) while the abductor digiti minimi had the largest (19.1 +/- 11.19 degrees). Since the cosines of the angles range from 0.9932 to 0.9449, the effect of the pennation angle on the force generated by the muscle was not great. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Temple Univ, Sch Pediat Med, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Rehabil Res & Dev Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Orthopaed, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hirsch, BE (reprint author), Temple Univ, Sch Pediat Med, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, 8th & Race St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. RI Ledoux, William/K-6815-2015 OI Ledoux, William/0000-0003-4982-7714 NR 14 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 34 IS 3 BP 399 EP 403 DI 10.1016/S0021-9290(00)00194-9 PG 5 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 411DH UT WOS:000167482500015 PM 11182133 ER PT J AU Shimizu, S Nagayama, T Jin, KL Zhu, L Loeffert, JE Watkins, SC Graham, SH Simon, RP AF Shimizu, S Nagayama, T Jin, KL Zhu, L Loeffert, JE Watkins, SC Graham, SH Simon, RP TI bcl-2 antisense treatment prevents induction of tolerance to focal ischemia in the rat brain SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE ischemic tolerance; antisense oligodeoxynucleotides; striatum ID CYTOCHROME-C; GERBIL HIPPOCAMPUS; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; NEURONAL DEATH; CELL-DEATH; EXPRESSION; APOPTOSIS; PROTEIN; MITOCHONDRIA; RNA AB In the rat, 60 minutes of transient ischemia to the middle cerebral artery results in infarction of the caudate putamen. Ischemic preconditioning with 20 minutes of transient focal ischemia produced tolerance (attenuated infarction volume) to 60 minutes of subsequent focal ischemia administered three days, five days, or seven days later. Western blots from tolerant caudate putamen demonstrated increased bcl-2 expression, maximum at 3 days and persisting through 7 days. Immunocytochemical examination found that bcl-2 was expressed in cells with both neuronal and nonneuronal morphology in striatum after preconditioning ischemia. bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), bcl-2 sense ODNs, or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF, vehicle) was infused into the lateral ventricle for the 72 hours between the 20-minute ischemic preconditioning and the 60-minute period of ischemia. Antisense ODN treatment reduced expression of bcl-2 in the striatum and blocked the induction of tolerance by preconditioning ischemia. Sense and CSF treatments had no effect on either bcl-2 expression or tolerance. In this model of induced tolerance to focal ischemia, bcl-2 appears to be a major determinant. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Biol Imaging, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Graham, SH (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurol, 526 S BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [P01 NS35965, R01 NS24728] NR 34 TC 89 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-678X J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 233 EP 243 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 408VJ UT WOS:000167347900007 PM 11295878 ER PT J AU Silva, JA Derecho, DV Leong, GB Weinstock, R Ferrari, MM AF Silva, JA Derecho, DV Leong, GB Weinstock, R Ferrari, MM TI A classification of psychological factors leading to violent behavior in posttraumatic stress disorder SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; forensic psychiatry; posttraumatic stress disorder; violence; misidentification of persons; combat addiction; sleep disturbance; dissociation; mens rea; diminished capacity ID POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS; VIETNAM VETERANS; COMBAT VETERANS; SLEEP; DEPRESSION; DISSOCIATION; COMORBIDITY; ANGER; PTSD AB Posttraumatic stress disorder has long been linked to violent behavior. However, the exact nature of that association remains poorly characterized due to the limitations of knowledge in the area of phenomenology, contextual factors, the biology, and the nature of the aggression involved in the disorder. A clear understanding of the genesis of violence in posttraumatic stress disorder can be helpful to those involved in assessing psychiatric-legal issues relevant to the disorder and in its therapeutic management. In this article, we review the potential psychological links between posttraumatic stress disorder secondary to combat exposure and violent behavior and suggest a tentative classification of the main psychological causes of violence in that syndrome. C1 Palo Alto Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Jose, CA 95160 USA. Vet Affairs Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Nalt Ctr Posttraumat Stress Disorder, Menlo Pk Div, Palo Alto, CA USA. Western State Hosp, Tacoma, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Greater Los Angeles Vet Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Kaiser Permanente, Med Grp, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Santa Clara, CA USA. RP Silva, JA (reprint author), Palo Alto Vet Hlth Care Syst, POB 20928, San Jose, CA 95160 USA. NR 66 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 46 IS 2 BP 309 EP 316 PG 8 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 451JB UT WOS:000169798000014 PM 11305432 ER PT J AU Ostrow, JD Tiribelli, C AF Ostrow, JD Tiribelli, C TI New concepts in bilirubin neurotoxicity and the need for studies at clinically relevant bilirubin concentrations SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; CHOROID-PLEXUS EPITHELIUM; UNCONJUGATED BILIRUBIN; P-GLYCOPROTEIN; RAT-BRAIN; GUNN RAT; HEREDITARY HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA; NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA; CEREBELLAR HYPOPLASIA; BLOOD-BRAIN C1 Univ Trieste, Dept BBCM, Ctr Studi Fegato, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, GI Hepatol Div, Res Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Tiribelli, C (reprint author), Univ Trieste, Dept BBCM, Ctr Studi Fegato, Via Giorgeri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 34 IS 3 BP 467 EP 470 DI 10.1016/S0168-8278(00)00051-9 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 421XP UT WOS:000168089100016 PM 11322210 ER PT J AU Musher, DM Phan, HM Baughn, RE AF Musher, DM Phan, HM Baughn, RE TI Protection against bacteremic pneumococcal infection by antibody to pneumolysin SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38th Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY SEP 08, 2000 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Infect Dis Soc Amer ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; VIRULENCE AB Pneumolysin is an important virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae. This study examined the hypothesis that human antibody to pneumolysin provides protection against pneumococcal infection. At the time of hospital admission, patients with nonbacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia had higher levels of serum anti-pneumolysin IgG than did patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia or uninfected control subjects. IgG levels rose significantly during convalescence in patients with bacteremic pneumonia, reaching levels observed in nonbacteremic patients. Purified human anti-pneumolysin IgG protected mice against intraperitoneal challenge with S. pneumoniae types 1 or 4 in a dose-related fashion; mice that received anti-pneumolysin IgG had a greater likelihood of surviving challenge and had negative blood cultures. Pneumolysin damages epithelial cells and inhibits phagocytic function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. One hypothesis that might explain the study results is that, early in infection, IgG to pneumolysin blocks these effects in the alveoli, thereby protecting the host against bacteremic pneumococcal disease. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Med Serv, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Dermatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Musher, DM (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Med Serv, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 15 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 183 IS 5 BP 827 EP 830 DI 10.1086/318833 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 399WD UT WOS:000166836500021 PM 11181163 ER PT J AU Anzueto, A AF Anzueto, A TI Untitled SO JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHRONIC-BRONCHITIS; DISEASE C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Pulm Dis Sect 3E, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Anzueto, A (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Pulm Dis Sect 3E, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE MED PUBL PI WORTHING PA WICKER HOUSE, HIGH ST, WORTHING BN11 1DJ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0300-0605 J9 J INT MED RES JI J. Int. Med. Res. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 29 IS 2 BP 49 EP 50 PG 2 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 433QU UT WOS:000168771900001 PM 11393348 ER PT J AU Pollak, VE Lorch, JA Means, RT AF Pollak, VE Lorch, JA Means, RT TI Unanticipated favorable effects of correcting iron deficiency in chronic hemodialysis patients SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Nephrology CY NOV 01-08, 1999 CL MIAMI, FLORIDA SP Amer Soc Nephrol ID RECOMBINANT-HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN; STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; THERAPY; ANEMIA; NUTRITION; MORTALITY; SUPPLEMENTATION; MORBIDITY; DIALYSIS AB Background: Correction of anemia in hemodialysis patients is seldom completely attained, and the response of parameters other than hemoglobin concentration to anemia correction has not been evaluated in detail, Methods: Laboratory parameters that suggest iron deficiency occurred in 10-15% of 206 recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO)-treated patients. Oral iron was given for 9 months and intravenous iron thereafter on a patient-specific basis when iron deficiency was evident. Eighty-seven hemodialysis patients with data for 12 months were followed for another 12 months. A computerized information system enabled data management and analysis. Results: With oral iron, serum ferritin decreased (P<0.001), indicating further iron depletion. With intravenous iron, hemoglobin increased, evidence of iron deficiency decreased, and less rhEPO was needed. Striking macrocytosis appeared. Serum albumin and serum creatinine/kg body weight tan index of muscle mass) increased, while blood pressure decreased, Data were reanalyzed in four mean corpuscular volume (MCV) quartiles and two ferritin subsets at study onset. Iron deficient erythropoiesis (low MCV, mean corpuscular hemoglobin [MCH], and transferrin saturation) was striking in quartile 1; low ferritin was prevalent in all quartiles, With intravenous iron, hemoglobin increased only in quartile 1, the quartile with the greatest decrease (52%) in rhEPO dose. MCV increased in all quartiles (P<0.001), Serum albumin increased in all MCV quartiles and both ferritin subsets, but significant creatinine/kg increase and blood pressure decrease occurred only in the low-ferritin subset. Conclusions: Macrocytosis occurred with intravenous iron replacement. The universal MCV increase suggests unrecognized, inadequately treated, folic acid deficiency unmasked by an adequate iron supply. There was also improved well being, Effects were most clearly evident in patients with deficient iron stores. C1 MIQS Inc, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. St Lukes Hosp, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY 10027 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Hematol Oncol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Pollak, VE (reprint author), MIQS Inc, 5621-D Arapahoe Ave, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RI Means, Robert/A-4454-2008 NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 49 IS 2 BP 173 EP 183 DI 10.2310/6650.2001.34044 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 405WZ UT WOS:000167184700007 PM 11288758 ER PT J AU Hinkin, CH Castellon, SA Hardy, DJ Farinpour, R Newton, H Singer, E AF Hinkin, CH Castellon, SA Hardy, DJ Farinpour, R Newton, H Singer, E TI Methylphenidate improves HIV-1-associated cognitive slowing SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th Annual Meeting of the International-Neuropsychological-Society CY FEB, 1999 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Int Neuropsychol Soc ID HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; TASK-PERFORMANCE; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; DOPAMINE; IMPAIRMENT; SYSTEM; MEMORY; SPEED AB Sixteen HIV-1 seropositive individuals participated in a single-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over-design study of the effectiveness of 30 mg/day of methytphenidate (MPH) in the treatment of HIV-associated cognitive slowing. Regression analyses revealed that participants who entered the study with a greater degree of either depressive symptomatology or cognitive slowing tended to demonstrate a better response to MPH on computerized measures of choice and dual-task reaction time. Participants without evidence of cognitive slowing at study entry did not show greater improvement on MPH than on placebo. Contrary to expectation, symptoms of depression did not respond;rd better to MPH than to placebo, regardless of initial symptomatology. Information processing slowing in HIV-I infection therefore appears amenable to pharmacologic intervention with the dopamine agonist MPH. However, results suggest clinicians should consider reserving the use of MPH for patients with more pronounced cognitive and affective deficits. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Hinkin, CH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 760 Westwood Plaza,Room C8-747, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. OI newton, thomas/0000-0002-3198-5901 NR 34 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD SPR PY 2001 VL 13 IS 2 BP 248 EP 254 DI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.13.2.248 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 432JE UT WOS:000168687800011 PM 11449032 ER PT J AU Casarett, DJ AF Casarett, DJ TI Differences between patients referred to hospice from academic vs. non-academic settings SO JOURNAL OF PAIN AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE hospice; palliative care; social support; Medicare ID ANTICIPATORY GRIEF; SURVIVAL AB Hospice is designed to provide end-of-life care to patients who are terminally ill. Increasingly, hospices are developing affiliations with academic medical centers. However; little is known about this group of patients, and how their needs may differ from those of the general population of hospice patients. To identify differences between patients referred to an urban, nonprofit hospice from academic vs. non-academic medical centers, a retrospective cohort study of 1, 691 patients admitted to an inpatient and outpatient hospice program was conducted. Admission dates were between January 1997 and January 1999, and data were gathered until discharge or death. The major outcome of interest was the need for nursing interventions at the time of entry into hospice. Patients referred from academic medical centers were younger, had higher incomes, and were less likely to have Medicare or Medicaid. Patients referred from academic medical centers were less likely to have a Do Not Resuscitate order or a living will, and had more medical and nursing needs. Survival analysis revealed no difference in length of stay between patients referred from academic and non-academic medical centers. Patients referred to hospice from academic medical centers have greater needs for nursing and medical care than do patients referred from nan-academic medical centers. The implications of these findings for policy): are discussed, J Pain Symptom Manage 2001; 21:197-203. (C) U.S. Cancer Pain Relief Committee, 2001. C1 Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Inst Aging, Div Geriatr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Casarett, DJ (reprint author), Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Inst Aging, Div Geriatr, 3615 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0885-3924 J9 J PAIN SYMPTOM MANAG JI J. Pain Symptom Manage. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 197 EP 203 DI 10.1016/S0885-3924(00)00260-8 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal; Clinical Neurology SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 406NG UT WOS:000167221600007 PM 11239738 ER PT J AU Neuzil, KM AF Neuzil, KM TI Influenza vaccine in children with asthma: Why no progress? SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID IMPACT; RATES C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Neuzil, KM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, 1660 S Columbian Way 111, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 138 IS 3 BP 301 EP 303 DI 10.1067/mpd.2001.113101 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 413BZ UT WOS:000167591200001 PM 11241032 ER PT J AU da Cunha, IT Lim, PAC Qureshy, H Henson, H Monga, T Protas, EJ AF da Cunha, IT Lim, PAC Qureshy, H Henson, H Monga, T Protas, EJ TI A comparison of regular rehabilitation and regular rehabilitation with supported treadmill ambulation training for acute stroke patients SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE acute stroke; bike stress test; rehabilitation; supported treadmill ambulation training ID BODY-WEIGHT SUPPORT; NONAMBULATORY HEMIPARETIC PATIENTS; MENTAL-STATE-EXAMINATION; INTERRATER RELIABILITY; GAIT; EXERCISE; SCALE; RECOVERY; CAT AB The purpose of this pilot study was to compare differences in motor recovery between regular rehabilitation (REG), and regular rehabilitation with supported treadmill ambulation training (STAT) using the performance on a bicycle exercise test and the locomotor scale of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM-L). Twelve patients with acute strokes were randomly assigned to either REG or STAT for 2 to 3 weeks. The STAT group received daily gait training utilizing a treadmill with partial support of body weight. After intervention, the STAT group had higher oxygen consumption (11.34 +/- 0.88 vs 8.32 +/- 0.88 ml/kg/min, p=0.039), total workload (58.75 +/- 7.09 vs 45.42 +/- 7.09 watts, p=ns), and total time pedaling the bike (288.91 +/- 30.61 vs 211.42 +/- 30.61 s, p=ns) compared To the REG group. The FIM-L scores were not different for the two groups. This pilot study suggests that the STAT intervention is a promising technique for acute stroke rehabilitation, and that future studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to establish the effectiveness of this intervention. C1 Texas Womans Univ, Sch Phys Therapy, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP da Cunha, IT (reprint author), Texas Womans Univ, Sch Phys Therapy, 1130 MD Anderson Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 37 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 38 IS 2 BP 245 EP 255 PG 11 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 434FK UT WOS:000168804300010 ER PT J AU Li-Yu, J Clayburne, G Sieck, M Beutler, A Rull, M Eisner, E Schumacher, HR AF Li-Yu, J Clayburne, G Sieck, M Beutler, A Rull, M Eisner, E Schumacher, HR TI Treatment of chronic gout. Can we determine when urate stores are depleted enough to prevent attacks of gout? SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chronic gout; urate crystals; allopurinol; colchicine ID KNEE JOINTS; CRYSTALS; MANAGEMENT; THERAPY AB Objective. To determine if lowering of serum uric acid (SUA) concentrations below 6 mg/dl or longer duration of lowered SUA will result in depletion of urate crystals from the knee joints and prevent further attacks of gout. Methods, A prospective study was initiated 10 years ago at Philadelphia VA Medical Center to attempt to maintain SUA levels of patients with crystal proven gout at < 6.0 mg/dl, We recalled all 57 patients who were available during 1999. Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A, with SUA still > 6 mg/dl, and Group B, with SUA less than or equal to6 mg/dl. A knee joint aspirate was requested from all asymptomatic Group B patients and many in Group A. Aspirates were examined by polarized light microscopy for identification of crystals. Results. There were no differences between the groups in age, sex, duration of gout, or serum creatinine. Group A (n = 38) had a mean of 6 attacks of gout for the recent year, those with tophi having the most frequent attacks. Among the 16 patients in this group who agreed to knee aspiration, monosodium urate (MSU) crystals were found in 14, although they were asymptomatic at the time. Nineteen patients (Group B) were able to maintain serum urate levels less than or equal to 6 mg/dl for > 12 months. Nearly half of them had no attack of gout for 2 or more years, with a mean of 1 attack in the last year for the whole group. Three patients in whom tophi were found did not have major flares of gout within the past year. Knee joint aspiration was done on 16 asymptomatic patients. Seven (44%) still had MSU crystals present in their knees. Patients in this group who were taking prophylactic colchicine did not differ with respect to the character of synovial fluid from those who had discontinued it for up to several years, although the frequency of attacks was less in those who continued colchicine. Conclusion, A majority of patients were able to deplete urate crystal stores in their knee joint fluids when their SUA levels were kept to less than or equal to6 mg/dl for several years. The mechanisms for persistence in some patients, and whether such crystals have clinical implications, are not known. Patients with chronic gout need serum urate concentrations to be kept low to prevent further attacks. C1 Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Rheumatol Sect, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Li-Yu, J (reprint author), Santo Tomas Univ Hosp, Ctr Bone & Joint, Sect Rheumatol & Clin Immunol, Manila 1008, Philippines. NR 10 TC 122 Z9 127 U1 4 U2 5 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 28 IS 3 BP 577 EP 580 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 408KT UT WOS:000167325900022 PM 11296962 ER PT J AU Prinz, P Bailey, S Moe, K Wilkinson, C Scanlan, J AF Prinz, P Bailey, S Moe, K Wilkinson, C Scanlan, J TI Urinary free cortisol and sleep under baseline and stressed conditions in healthy senior women: Effects of estrogen replacement therapy SO JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE estrogen replacement therapy; hydrocortisone; postmenopause; sleep; stress; women ID CORTICOSTEROID-BINDING GLOBULIN; CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; CIRCADIAN RHYTHMICITY; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CATECHOLAMINE RESPONSES; TEMPERATURE RHYTHMS; GENDER DIFFERENCES; PLASMA-CORTISOL; GROWTH-HORMONE AB The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a mild 24-h stress (indwelling IV catheter) on cortisol and sleep in postmenopausal women, and to evaluate differences due to estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) status. This study, conducted in the General Clinical Research Center at the University of Washington Medical Center, examined sleep, cortisol and sleep-cortisol relationships in both baseline and stress conditions, and compared women on ERT with women not on ERT. Forty-two women (age = 69.6 +/- 6.2 years [SD]), of whom 20 were on ERT, participated. Urinary free cortisol (UFC) levels and sleep polysomnography were measured over both 24-baseline and stress condition. Sleep was impaired in,the stress condition for both groups; mean UFC levels were higher, sleep efficiency and minutes of stages 2, 3 and 4 sleep were reduced, and morning risetime was earlier in the stress than baseline condition. For the combined groups, age-controlled correlations between 24-h UFC and sleep were significant in both conditions: at baseline, UFC levels were associated with earlier time of rising and less REM sleep, and under stress with reduced sleep efficiency, there was reduced minutes of stages 2, 3, 4 sleep, reduced REM sleep, and an earlier risetime. The pattern of negative significant correlations between UFC and sleep/sleep timing remained when plasma estrogen was statistically controlled; however, when groups were examined separately, the significant negative UFC-sleep relationships were confined to the non ERT group. Elevated 24-h UFC is associated with impaired sleep and earlier awakening in older women not on ERT, but not in women on ERT. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Biobehav Nursing & Hlth Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. RP Prinz, P (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Biobehav Nursing & Hlth Syst, Box 357266, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-00037]; NIA NIH HHS [R01-AG-12915]; NINR NIH HHS [NR-04001] NR 51 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0962-1105 J9 J SLEEP RES JI J. Sleep Res. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 10 IS 1 BP 19 EP 26 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2869.2001.00236.x PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 417HN UT WOS:000167829700003 PM 11285051 ER PT J AU Clark, HW Masson, CL Delucchi, KL Hall, SM Sees, KL AF Clark, HW Masson, CL Delucchi, KL Hall, SM Sees, KL TI Violent traumatic events and drug abuse severity SO JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE posttraumatic stress disorder; depression; drug abuse severity; violence ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER; METHADONE-MAINTENANCE; GENERAL-POPULATION; WOMEN; PTSD; DEPENDENCE; VICTIMIZATION; INDIVIDUALS; VALIDITY AB We examined the occurrence of violent traumatic events, DSM-III-R diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and PTSD symptoms, and the relationship of these variables to drug abuse severity. One-hundred fifty opioid-dependent drug abusers who were participants in a randomized trial of two methadone treatment interventions were interviewed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, the Addiction Severity Index, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Twenty-nine percent met diagnostic criteria for PTSD. With the exception of rape, no gender differences in the prevalence of violent traumatic events were observed. The occurrence of PTSD-related symptoms was associated with greater drug abuse severity after controlling for gender, depression, and lifetime diagnosis of PTSD. The high rate of PTSD among these methadone patients, the nature of the traumatic events to which they are exposed, and subsequent violence-related psychiatric sequelae have important implications for identification and treatment of PTSD among those seeking drug abuse treatment. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Langley Porter Psychiat Inst, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Clark, HW (reprint author), CSAT, SAMHSA, Rockwall 2,Suite 615,5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. OI Delucchi, Kevin/0000-0003-2195-9627 FU NIDA NIH HHS [P50 DA09253] NR 36 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0740-5472 J9 J SUBST ABUSE TREAT JI J. Subst. Abus. Treat. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 20 IS 2 BP 121 EP 127 DI 10.1016/S0740-5472(00)00156-2 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 426PM UT WOS:000168357600004 PM 11306214 ER PT J AU Schatz, J Craft, S White, D Park, TS Figiel, GS AF Schatz, J Craft, S White, D Park, TS Figiel, GS TI Inhibition of return in children with perinatal brain injury SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE attention; visual processing; cerebral palsy; cognitive ID VISUAL-ATTENTION; EARLY INFANCY AB Inhibition of return is a bias in attention that reduces the likelihood of returning attention to previously viewed locations. This attention bias develops during the first 6 months of life and is putatively mediated by midbrain structures. The present study evaluated the effects of perinatal lesions on the development of inhibition of return. Thirty-three children with perinatal injury resulting in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy were grouped based on magnetic resonance exams. Children with anterior (n = 5), posterior (n = 12), diffuse (n = 8), or no apparent (n = 8) lesions were compared with a group of age-matched children without neurologic injury (n = 39) on an orienting task designed to elicit inhibition of return. Short-delay trials demonstrated grossly intact facilitation of attention for all groups. Long-delay trials that produced inhibition of return in the control and posterior injury groups indicated a disruption of inhibition of return in the groups with anterior and diffuse lesions. The findings are consistent with previous reports that anterior regions are important for the developing attention system, and that bilateral injury can result in unilateral disruption of visual attention. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Vet Affairs Pugent Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurol Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis Childrens Hosp, St Louis, MO USA. Emory Univ, Dept Psychiat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Schatz, J (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-4930 USA SN 1355-6177 J9 J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC JI J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 3 BP 275 EP 284 DI 10.1017/S1355617701733012 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 427VA UT WOS:000168425100001 PM 11311028 ER PT J AU Mikota, SK Peddie, L Peddie, J Isaza, R Dunker, F West, G Lindsay, W Larsen, RS Salman, MD Chatterjee, D Payeur, J Whipple, D Thoen, C Davis, DS Sedgwick, C Montali, RJ Ziccardi, M Maslow, J AF Mikota, SK Peddie, L Peddie, J Isaza, R Dunker, F West, G Lindsay, W Larsen, RS Salman, MD Chatterjee, D Payeur, J Whipple, D Thoen, C Davis, DS Sedgwick, C Montali, RJ Ziccardi, M Maslow, J TI Epidemiology and diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE elephant; Elephas maximus; Loxodonta africana; tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; tuberculin test ID RESPIRATORY SPECIMENS; AMPLIFICATION; POLYMORPHISM; INFECTION; ANIMALS; COMPLEX; BOVIS; PCR AB The deaths of two Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in August 1996 led the United States Department of Agriculture to require the testing and treatment of elephants for tuberculosis. From August 1996 to September 1999, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was confirmed by culture in 12 of 118 elephants in six herds. Eight diagnoses were made antemortem on the basis of isolation of M. tuberculosis by culture of trunk wash samples', the remainder (including the initial two) were diagnosed postmortem. We present the case histories, epidemiologic characteristics, diagnostic test results, and therapeutic plans from these six herds. The intradermal tuberculin test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay serology, the blood tuberculosis test, and nucleic acid amplification and culture are compared as methods to diagnose M. tuberculosis infection in elephants. C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Lincoln Pk Zoo, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. Los Angeles Zoo, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. ARS, Zoonot Dis Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ctr Vet Epidemiol & Anim Dis Surveillance Syst, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Feld Entertainment, Vienna, VA 22182 USA. San Francisco Zool Gardens, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Audubon Ctr Res Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA 70131 USA. RP Peddie, L (reprint author), 15333 Rains Court, Moorpark, CA 93021 USA. NR 44 TC 52 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 32 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 PG 16 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 478LW UT WOS:000171348500001 PM 12790389 ER PT J AU Bhandari, BK Feliers, D Duraisamy, S Stewart, JL Gingras, AC Abboud, HE Choudhury, GG Sonenberg, N Kasinath, BS AF Bhandari, BK Feliers, D Duraisamy, S Stewart, JL Gingras, AC Abboud, HE Choudhury, GG Sonenberg, N Kasinath, BS TI Insulin regulation of protein translation repressor 4E-BP1, an eIF4E-binding protein, in renal epithelial cells SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE cell signaling; eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein-1; tubular epithelial cells; MAP kinase; protein synthesis; type 2 diabetes; proximal tubule cell ID INITIATION-FACTOR 4E; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; P70 S6 KINASE; PHAS-I; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; SIGNALING PATHWAY; MAP KINASE; PHOSPHORYLATION; RAPAMYCIN; STIMULATION AB Background. Augmented protein translation by insulin involves activation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) that follows release of eIF4E from a heterodimeric complex by phosphorylation of its inhibitory binding protein, 4E-BP1. We examined insulin regulation of 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in murine proximal tubular epithelial cells. Methods and Results. Insulin (1 nmol/L) increased de novo protein synthesis by 58 +/- 11% (P < 0.001). Insulin also augmented 4E-BP1 phosphorylation and phosphatidylinositol S-kinase (PI3-kinase) activity in antiphosphotyrosine immunoprecipitates. This could be prevented by PI 3-kinase inhibitors, Wortmannin, and LY294002. Insulin also activated Akt that lies downstream of PI 3-kinase. Rapamycin abrogated 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in response to insulin, suggesting involvement of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a kinase downstream of Akt. Insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 was also inhibited by PD098059, implying involvement of Erk-1/-2 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. An increase in Erk-1/-2 type MAP kinase activity by insulin was directly confirmed in an immunokinase assay and was found to be PIS-kinase dependent. Conclusions. In proximal tubular epithelial cells, insulin augments 4E-BP1 phosphorylation, which is PI 3-kinase and mTOR dependent. The requirement for Erk-1/-2 MAP kinase activation for 4E-BP1 phosphorylation by insulin suggests a cross-talk between PI 3-kinase and Erk-1/-2-type MAP kinase pathways. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, San Antonio, TX USA. McGill Univ, Ctr Canc, Dept Biochem, Montreal, PQ H3G 1Y6, Canada. RP Kasinath, BS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Nephrol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7882, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI Gingras, Anne-Claude/E-9982-2010 OI Gingras, Anne-Claude/0000-0002-6090-4437 NR 34 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 59 IS 3 BP 866 EP 875 PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 410HH UT WOS:000167434200005 PM 11231341 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM AF Jensen, DM TI Clots and spots on ulcers: why and how to treat SO LANGENBECKS ARCHIVES OF SURGERY LA English DT Article DE endoscopy; stigmata; ulcer hemorrhage ID BLEEDING PEPTIC-ULCERS; UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; ND-YAG LASER; ENDOSCOPIC THERAPY; CONTROLLED TRIAL; HEATER PROBE AB The clinical indication for urgent endoscopy with combined diagnosis and treatment is bleeding severe enough to warrant urgent medical attention, Stigmata of ulcer hemorrhage are utilized as a guide to endoscopic therapy. Active arterial bleeding, nonbleeding visible vessels. and adherent nonbleeding clots are always treated endoscopically. In randomized trials, patients with these "major stigmata" had better outcomes from endoscopic therapies than with medical therapies alone. Flat spots, gray or black sloughs, and clean ulcer bases are not treated endoscopically! since medical therapy alone affords good outcome. The current recommendation is to treat major stigmata of hemorrhage endoscopically for the initial bleeding episode and a second time for rebleeding before considering ulcer surgery;: Clinical presentation and comorbidity and the endoscopic appearance of the ulcer (i,e., stigmata of hemorrhage) of patients with UGI bleeding are used to determine the subsequent level of care (e.g., discharge or ward or intensive care). C1 UCLA CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Jensen, DM (reprint author), UCLA CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Bldg 115,Room 318,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR00865]; NIDDK NIH HHS [1K24DK 02650, DK41301]; PHS HHS [R01-33273] NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1435-2443 J9 LANGENBECK ARCH SURG JI Langenbecks Arch. Surg. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 386 IS 2 BP 82 EP 87 DI 10.1007/s004230100217 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 427GR UT WOS:000168396900002 PM 11374052 ER PT J AU Gopal, DV Rabkin, JM Berk, BS Corless, CL Chou, SW Olyaei, A Orloff, SL Rosen, HR AF Gopal, DV Rabkin, JM Berk, BS Corless, CL Chou, SW Olyaei, A Orloff, SL Rosen, HR TI Treatment of progressive hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation with combination interferon plus ribavirin SO LIVER TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Transplantation CY MAY 13-17, 2000 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Soc Transplantat ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; VIRUS-INFECTION; THERAPY; RECIPIENTS; ALPHA; PROPHYLAXIS; EFFICACY; TRIAL AB Hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is common, although the majority of cases are mild. A subset of transplant recipients develops progressive allograft injury, including cirrhosis and allograft failure. Minimal data are available on the safety and efficacy of antiviral treatment in this group of patients. The aim of this study is to review our experience in the treatment of moderate to severe HCV recurrence with combination interferon-alpha 2b and ribavirin (IFN/RIB), Between October 1993 and October 1999, a total of 197 patients underwent OLT for HCV-related liver failure. This study describes 12 transplant recipients with moderate to severe recurrence treated with IFN/RIB, All patients met at least 1 of the following inclusion criteria: (1) moderate to severe inflammation (grade III to TV) on allograft biopsy, (2) bridging fibrosis on allograft biopsy, or (3) severe cholestasis attributable solely to HCV recurrence. Two patients had undergone re-OLT for allograft cirrhosis secondary to HCV recurrence and now had evidence of progressive HCV in their second allografts. Appropriate dose reductions of both IFN and RIB, as well as initiation of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), for marked leukopenia were recorded. IFN/RIB therapy was started GO to 647 days post-OLT, and duration of therapy ranged from 39 to 515 days. Seven patients were administered G-CSF to successfully treat leukopenia. Six of the 12 patients (50%) became HCV RNA negative by polymerase chain reaction. One of these 6 patients (no. 1) was HCV RNA negative at 6 months but chose to discontinue therapy because of intolerable side effects, experienced a relapse, and was HCV RNA positive at 12 months. Two of the remaining 5 patients were HCV RNA negative at 2 and 3 months off therapy. For the entire group, there was a statistically significant decrease in serum biochemical indices assessed at initiation of therapy and 1, 3, and 6 months into therapy. Most patients required dose reductions of both IFN and RIB. Five patients died; 3 patients died of liver-related complications that included severe intrahepatic biliary cholestasis, severe HCV recurrence, and chronic rejection with profound cholestasis. In the subset of HCV-positive liver transplant recipients with moderate to severe recurrence, combination IFN/RIB therapy resulted in complete virological response (serum RNA negative) in 6 of 12 patients (similar to 50%). However, only 1 of 12 patients (8.3%) had sustained virological clearance after cessation of IFN/RIB therapy. Dose reductions of both IFN and RIB were required in most patients. The use of G-CSF (sometimes preemptively) allowed correction of leukopenia and full-dose antiviral therapy. Multicenter trials using combination therapy to identify factors predictive of response are needed in the subset of patients with progressive allograft injury. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Infect Dis, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg & Liver Transplantat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Rosen, HR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd,POB 1034,P3-GI, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 38 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1527-6465 J9 LIVER TRANSPLANT JI Liver Transplant. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 3 BP 181 EP 190 DI 10.1053/jlts.2001.22447 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 410DN UT WOS:000167424900004 PM 11244158 ER PT J AU Jara, A Gonzalez, S Felsenfeld, AJ Chacon, C Valdivieso, A Jalil, R Chuaqui, B AF Jara, A Gonzalez, S Felsenfeld, AJ Chacon, C Valdivieso, A Jalil, R Chuaqui, B TI Failure of high doses of calcitriol and hypercalcaemia to induce apoptosis in hyperplastic parathyroid glands of azotaemic rats SO NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; calcitriol; hypercalcaemia; parathyroid gland; parathyroid hormone; rat ID CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; VITAMIN-D METABOLITES; SEVERE SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; CELL-PROLIFERATION; CALCIUM RECEPTOR; UREMIC PATIENTS; PULSE THERAPY; HORMONE; 1,25-DIHYDROXYCHOLECALCIFEROL; PHOSPHATE AB Background. Whether calcitriol administration, which is used to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients, induces regression of parathyroid-gland hyperplasia remains a subject of interest and debate. If regression of the parathyroid gland were to occur, the presumed mechanism would be apoptosis. However, information on whether high doses of calcitriol can induce apoptosis of parathyroid cells in hyperplastic parathyroid glands is lacking. Consequently, high doses of calcitriol were given to azotaemic rats and the parathyroid glands were evaluated for apoptosis. Methods. Rats were either sham-operated (two groups) or underwent a two-stage 5/6 nephrectomy (three groups). For the first 4 weeks, all rats were given a high (1.2%) phosphorus (P) diet to stimulate parathyroid gland growth and then were changed to a normal (0.6%) P diet for 2 weeks. At week 7, three of the five groups were given high doses of calcitriol (500 pmol/100 g body weight) intraperitoneally every 24 h during 72 h before sacrifice. The five groups during week 7 were: (i) normal renal function (NRF) + 0.6% P diet, (ii) NRF + 0.6% P + calcitriol; (iii) renal failure (RF)+0.6% P; (iv) RF+1.2% P+calcitriol; and (v) RF+0.6% P+calcitriol. Parathyroid glands were removed at sacrifice and the TUNEL stain was performed to detect apoptosis. Results, At sacrificer the respective serum calcium values in calcitriol-treated groups (groups 2, 4, and 5) were 15.52+/-0.26, 13.41+/-0.39 and 15.12+/-0.32 mg/dl. In group 3, PTH was 178 +/- 42 pg/ml, but in calcitriol-treated groups, PTH values were suppressed, 8+/-1 (group 2), 12 +/- 2 (group 4), and 7 +/- 1 pg/ml (group 5). Despite, the severe hypercalcaemia and marked PTH suppression in calcitriol-treated groups, the percentage of apoptotic cells in the parathyroid glands was very low (range 0.08+/-0.04 to 0.25+/-0.20%) and not different among the five groups. Conclusions. We found no evidence in hyperplastic parathyroid glands that apoptosis could be induced in azotaemic rats by the combination of high doses of calcitriol and severe hypercalcaemia despite the marked reduction in PTH levels that was observed. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Nephrol, Santiago, Chile. Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Pathol, Santiago, Chile. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Jara, A (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Nephrol, Marcoleta 345, Santiago, Chile. NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0931-0509 J9 NEPHROL DIAL TRANSPL JI Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 16 IS 3 BP 506 EP 512 DI 10.1093/ndt/16.3.506 PG 7 WC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology SC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology GA 412HQ UT WOS:000167549300012 PM 11239023 ER PT J AU Quinn, J Kaye, J AF Quinn, J Kaye, J TI The neurology of aging SO NEUROLOGIST LA English DT Review DE memory impairment; dementia; aging; balance; gait ID MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; HEALTHY OLDEST-OLD; PLASMA-CATECHOLAMINE RESPONSES; ONSET ALZHEIMER-DISEASE; ADULT AGE-DIFFERENCES; COMMUNITY POPULATION; WORKING-MEMORY; RECALL PERFORMANCE; PERCEPTUAL SPEED; MUSCLE STRENGTH AB BACKGROUND- Several neurologic signs that are considered pathologic in younger patients are known to appear in the absence of pathology in older patients. At the same lime, disorders of the nervous sytem are a major cause of morbidity in the aging population. Dementia is a particularly common condition in the aging population, with a steadily increasing incidence with age. REVIEW SUMMARY- The neurologic findings in the elderly are reviewed, starting with the noncognitive portion of the neurologic examination and proceeding to cognitive changes. This literature review raises several questions regarding the nature of brain aging and late-life dementia, which are explored additionally in a review of the findings of the Oregon Brain Aging Study. This is a longitudinal study of exceptionally healthy subjects older than 85 years of age in which longitudinal clinical and neuropsychologic data are complemented by longitudinal volumetric brain magnetic resonance imaging data. Neuropathologic examination of the brain has also been completed for the first cohort of brains coming to autopsy. CONCLUSIONS- The neurology of healthy aging is characterized by the appearance of specific neurologic signs, a very gradual decline in some cognitive functions, and minimal loss of brain volume. With increasing age, even in the healthiest elderly, there is an increased incidence of dementia, which is characterized by increased rates of cognitive decline and brain volume loss. The pathology associated with this dementia is classical Alzheimer disease pathology. It is possible for elderly subjects to be spared cognitive decline, brain volume loss, and Alzheimer pathology, even into the eleventh decade. Although this phenotype represents the exception rather than the rule, additional investigations of healthy aging hold promise for elucidating the mechanisms responsible for both pathologic and successful brain aging. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97210 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. OI Kaye, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9971-3478 NR 168 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1074-7931 J9 NEUROLOGIST JI Neurologist PD MAR PY 2001 VL 7 IS 2 BP 98 EP 112 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 412TJ UT WOS:000167570200003 ER PT J AU Seaton, BE Goldstein, G Allen, DN AF Seaton, BE Goldstein, G Allen, DN TI Sources of heterogeneity in schizophrenia: The role of neuropsychological functioning SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGY REVIEW LA English DT Review DE schizophrenia; diagnosis; subtyping; cognition ID TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS; 1ST-EPISODE SCHIZOPHRENIA; COGNITIVE HETEROGENEITY; NEUROCOGNITIVE DEFICITS; IDENTIFYING SUBTYPES; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; MEMORY IMPAIRMENT; DYSFUNCTION; CLASSIFICATION AB Although schizophrenia is often characterized as a heterogeneous disorder, efforts to validate stable and meaningful subtypes have met with limited success. Thus, the issue of whether schizophrenia reflects a continuum of severity or a number of discrete subtypes remains controversial. This review evaluates efforts to establish subtypes based upon a model that includes causes, characteristics, and course and outcomes of heterogeneity. Emphasis is placed on empirical classification studies utilizing cognitive tests or symptom rating scales, sometimes in conjunction with neuroimaging procedures. Results of recent cluster analytic studies are reviewed that produced evidence of four or five clusters, varying in level and pattern of performance. Although this research typically generated meaningful subtypes, it was often the case that there was little correspondence between subtyping systems based upon cognitive function and those based upon symptom profile. It was concluded that there may be different mechanisms for producing cognitive and symptomatic heterogeneity, and that diversity in presentations of schizophrenia reflects a combination of continuities in severity of the disorder with a number of meaningful and stable subtypes. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Mercy Med Ctr N Iowa, Mason City, IA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Goldstein, G (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, 7180 Highland Dr,151R, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM ggold@nb.net NR 105 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1040-7308 J9 NEUROPSYCHOL REV JI Neuropsychol. Rev. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 11 IS 1 BP 45 EP 67 DI 10.1023/A:1009013718684 PG 23 WC Psychology, Clinical; Neurosciences SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 432GX UT WOS:000168684800003 PM 11392562 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG AF Shekelle, PG TI Are appropriateness criteria ready for use in clinical practice? SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY; UNDERUSE; CARE; REVASCULARIZATION; VALIDITY C1 Greater Los Angeles Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), Greater Los Angeles Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 14 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 344 IS 9 BP 677 EP 678 DI 10.1056/NEJM200103013440912 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 405TR UT WOS:000167177100012 PM 11228286 ER PT J AU Caroff, SN AF Caroff, SN TI Plagues, prions, and paranoia: The neuropsychiatry of infectious disease SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Inpatient Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Caroff, SN (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0048-5713 J9 PSYCHIAT ANN JI Psychiatr. Ann. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 31 IS 3 BP 148 EP + PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 410ZN UT WOS:000167473500002 ER PT J AU Gliatto, MF Caroff, SN AF Gliatto, MF Caroff, SN TI Neurosyphilis: A history and clinical review SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SYPHILIS; INFECTION; THERAPY; ADULTS C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Gliatto, MF (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 38th St & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0048-5713 J9 PSYCHIAT ANN JI Psychiatr. Ann. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 31 IS 3 BP 153 EP 161 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 410ZN UT WOS:000167473500003 ER PT J AU Caroff, SN Mann, SC Gliatto, MF Sullivan, KA Campbell, EC AF Caroff, SN Mann, SC Gliatto, MF Sullivan, KA Campbell, EC TI Psychiatric manifestations of acute viral encephalitis SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID HERPES-SIMPLEX ENCEPHALITIS; MIMICKING FUNCTIONAL-PSYCHOSIS; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; HIV-INFECTION; MONOAMINE METABOLISM; VIRUS ENCEPHALITIS; CATATONIC SYNDROME; AIDS; LETHARGICA; DISORDERS C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Caroff, SN (reprint author), VA Med Ctr 116A, Univ Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 81 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0048-5713 J9 PSYCHIAT ANN JI Psychiatr. Ann. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 31 IS 3 BP 193 EP 204 PG 12 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 410ZN UT WOS:000167473500007 ER PT J AU Kampman, KM Alterman, AI Volpicelli, JR Maany, I Muller, ES Luce, DD Mulholland, EM Jawad, AF Parikh, GA Mulvaney, FD Weinrieb, RM O'Brien, CP AF Kampman, KM Alterman, AI Volpicelli, JR Maany, I Muller, ES Luce, DD Mulholland, EM Jawad, AF Parikh, GA Mulvaney, FD Weinrieb, RM O'Brien, CP TI Cocaine withdrawal symptoms and initial urine toxicology results predict treatment attrition in outpatient cocaine dependence treatment SO PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article ID ABSTINENCE SYMPTOMATOLOGY; DSM-IV; ABUSERS; PSYCHOTHERAPY; INPATIENT; USERS AB This study evaluated the ability of cocaine withdrawal symptoms, measured by the Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment (CSSA) and initial urine toxicology results, to predict treatment attrition among 128 cocaine dependent veterans participating in a 4-week day hospital treatment program. The CSSA was administered and a urine toxicology screen was obtained at intake and at the start of the day hospital (about 1 week later). The combination of a positive urine toxicology screen and a high CSSA score at intake predicted failure to complete treatment. Urine toxicology results at the start of the day hospital, but not at intake, predicted failure to complete treatment. Among participants without other psychiatric illness, high CSSA scores at intake, predicted failure to complete treatment. The presence of cocaine withdrawal symptoms and a positive urine toxicology screen are clinically useful predictors of treatment attrition. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Childrens Hosp, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Kampman, KM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [K20 DA00238, Y01 DA30012] NR 31 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 1 U2 3 PU EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST, NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0893-164X J9 PSYCHOL ADDICT BEHAV JI Psychol. Addict. Behav. PD MAR PY 2001 VL 15 IS 1 BP 52 EP 59 DI 10.1037/0893-164X.15.1.52 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Substance Abuse; Psychology GA 472DC UT WOS:000170967200008 PM 11255939 ER PT J AU Bechtold, KT Horner, MD Labbate, LA Windham, WK AF Bechtold, KT Horner, MD Labbate, LA Windham, WK TI The construct validity and clinical utility of the Frank Jones story as a brief screening measure of cognitive dysfunction SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID MINI-MENTAL STATE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; INSTRUMENTS AB The use of quick and easily administered screening measures of cognitive functioning htrs become increasingly important in clinical settings. A number of brief screening instruments are available, but few have been thoroughly examined for their validity and clinical utility: The Frank Jones Story is a 2-minute screening procedure proposed to measure problem solving by asking patients to explain an absurd proposition. The authors used this screen to help them classify 155 patients as cognitively impaired or unimpaired based on a full neuropsychological evaluation. Overall, the total score on the Frank Jones Story was a good predictor of intact functioning for patients. that were unimpaired but was poor at predicting cognitive dysfunction. However; various subscores of the test reflected differing patterns of sensitivity and specificity for cognitive impairment. These data suggest that the Frank Jones Story might have some utility for initial screening for cognitive dysfunction. C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv 116, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. So Illinois Univ, Dept Psychol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Inst Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Coll Charleston, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Horner, MD (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv 116, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 42 IS 2 BP 146 EP 149 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.42.2.146 PG 4 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 406QR UT WOS:000167227100010 PM 11239128 ER PT J AU Kirrane, RM Mitropoulou, V Nunn, M Silverman, J Siever, LJ AF Kirrane, RM Mitropoulou, V Nunn, M Silverman, J Siever, LJ TI Physostigmine and cognition in schizotypal personality disorder SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cognitive impairment; physostigmine; schizotypal personality disorder ID VISUOSPATIAL WORKING-MEMORY; CHOLINE-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; NICOTINIC RECEPTORS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; PERFORMANCE; AMPHETAMINE; CHALLENGE; RATS AB There is evidence that reduced cholinergic activity may play a role in the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in the schizophrenia spectrum. We tested the effects of physostigmine, an anticholinesterase inhibitor, on visuospatial working memory as evaluated by the Dot test, and on verbal learning and recall as measured by a serial learning task in patients with schizotypal personality disorder. Physostigmine tended to improve the Dot test, but not serial verbal learning performance in these patients. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. RP Siever, LJ (reprint author), Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [5 MO1 RR00071] NR 24 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 48 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(00)00059-1 PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 419RN UT WOS:000167962600001 PM 11278149 ER PT J AU Allen, DN Goldstein, G Weiner, C AF Allen, DN Goldstein, G Weiner, C TI Differential neuropsychological patterns of frontal- and temporal-lobe dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE differential neuropsychological patterns; frontal- and temporal-lobe dysfunction ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; COGNITIVE HETEROGENEITY; EPISODE SCHIZOPHRENIA; BRAIN-DYSFUNCTION; MONOZYGOTIC TWINS; EPILEPSY; MEMORY; IDENTIFICATION; ABNORMALITIES; ACTIVATION AB The frontal and temporal lobes have been implicated as pathogenic sites for schizophrenia, although there is a marked heterogeneity of brain function and structure between individual patients. It is currently unclear whether some patients with schizophrenia exhibit primarily frontal lobe dysfunction, while others exhibit primarily temporal-lobe dysfunction. The current investigation examined this issue in a preliminary way by using neurocognitive tests to discriminate test performances of patients with schizophrenia from patients without schizophrenia who had definitive neurological evidence of either frontal- or temporal-lobe dysfunction. Of the patients with schizophrenia, 20.7% were classified as having a frontal lobe dysfunction profile, while 19.3% had a temporal lobe dysfunction profile. Results further clarify neurobiological heterogeneity in schizophrenia by demonstrating that a substantial number of patients with schizophrenia exhibit either primarily frontal- or temporal-lobe dysfunction. Results may partially explain the inadequacy of neurobiological models for schizophrenia that do not consider these differential patterns of dysfunction. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP Goldstein, G (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD MAR 1 PY 2001 VL 48 IS 1 BP 7 EP 15 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(00)00115-8 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 419RN UT WOS:000167962600002 PM 11278150 ER PT J AU El-Zimaity, HMT Graham, DY AF El-Zimaity, HMT Graham, DY TI Ultrastructural evidence of in vivo phagocytosis of Helicobacter pylori SO ULTRASTRUCTURAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 VA Med Ctr, Gastrointestinal Mucosa Pathol Lab, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP El-Zimaity, HMT (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Gastrointestinal Mucosa Pathol Lab, 111-D,Rm 3A-320,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 USA SN 0191-3123 J9 ULTRASTRUCT PATHOL JI Ultrastruct. Pathol. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 25 IS 2 BP 159 EP 159 PG 1 WC Microscopy; Pathology SC Microscopy; Pathology GA 438PH UT WOS:000169061900011 PM 11407530 ER PT J AU Cole, J Tsou, R Wallace, K Gibran, N Isik, F AF Cole, J Tsou, R Wallace, K Gibran, N Isik, F TI Comparison of normal human skin gene expression using cDNA microarrays SO WOUND REPAIR AND REGENERATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Plastic-Surgery-Research-Council CY MAY, 2000 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Plast Surg Res Council ID TISSUE MICROARRAYS; PROTEIN; APOPTOSIS; COMPLEX; RNA AB Perturbations in normal wound healing may be traced to perturbations in gene expression in uninjured skin. In order to decipher normal and abnormal genetic responses to cutaneous injury, baseline gene expression in uninjured skin must first be defined. There is little data on gene expression profiles of normal human skin, i.e., which genes tend to be variable in expression and which tend to remain comparable. Therefore this study was designed to determine the degree of variability in human skin mRNA expression. Samples of normal skin were obtained from 9 healthy females undergoing breast reduction surgery. RNA was extracted, reverse transcribed into radiolabeled cDNA and hybridized onto cDNA microarrays of similar to 4400 genes. Gene expression intensities from the 9 samples were normalized and compared as a ratio of highest/lowest expression intensity. Deviation greater than 2 standard deviations from the mean of each gene was used as a cut-off. Seventy-one genes (1.7%) were substantially variable in their expression. These included genes coding for transport proteins, gene transcription, cell signaling proteins, and cell surface proteins. We found minimal variability in the matrix genes, growth factor genes and other groups of genes that are the most often studied in wound healing research. A small but definite variability in gene expression across 9 samples of clinically comparable specimens of normal skin was detected. This is in keeping with clinical observations of the variability in normal skin across individuals. These data provide high-throughput comparison of normal skin gene expression and suggest new molecules that may be studied in skin biology and perhaps, wound repair. C1 Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Isik, F (reprint author), Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Box 356410,1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM57426] NR 36 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1067-1927 J9 WOUND REPAIR REGEN JI Wound Repair Regen. PD MAR-APR PY 2001 VL 9 IS 2 BP 77 EP 85 DI 10.1046/j.1524-475x.2001.00077.x PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Dermatology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Surgery SC Cell Biology; Dermatology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Surgery GA 432JV UT WOS:000168689200003 PM 11350645 ER PT J AU Bozkurt, B Torre-Amione, G Warren, MS Whitmore, J Soran, OZ Feldman, AM Mann, DL AF Bozkurt, B Torre-Amione, G Warren, MS Whitmore, J Soran, OZ Feldman, AM Mann, DL TI Results of targeted anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy with etanercept (ENBREL) in patients with advanced heart failure SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE heart failure; myocardial contraction; growth substances; cytokines; tumor necrosis factor ID CARDIOMYOPATHY AB Background-Previously, we showed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonism with etanercept, a soluble TNF receptor, was well tolerated and that it suppressed circulating levels of biologically active TNF for 14 days in patients with moderate heart failure. However, the effects of sustained TNF antagonism in heart failure are not known. Methods and Results-We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multidose trial of etanercept in 47 patients with NYHA class III to IV heart failure. Patients were treated with biweekly subcutaneous injections of etanercept 5 mg/m(2) (n=16) or 12 mg/m(2) (n=15) or with placebo (n=16) for 3 months. Doses of 5 and 12 mg/m(2) etanercept were safe and well tolerated for 3 months. Treatment with etanercept led to a significant dose-dependent improvement in left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and LV remodeling, and there was a trend toward an improvement in patient functional status, as determined by clinical composite score. Conclusion-Treatment with etanercept for 3 months was safe and well-tolerated in patients with advanced heart failure, and it resulted in a significant dose-dependent improvement in LV structure and function and a trend toward improvement in patient functional status. C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res 151C, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr Hlth Syst, Cardiovasc Inst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Methodist Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Immunex Corp, Seattle, WA USA. RP Mann, DL (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr, Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res 151C, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. OI Mann, Douglas /0000-0002-2516-0145 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P50 HL-O6H] NR 5 TC 241 Z9 261 U1 2 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD FEB 27 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 8 BP 1044 EP 1047 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 412NW UT WOS:000167562100012 PM 11222463 ER PT J AU Durante, W Liao, L Reyna, SV Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI AF Durante, W Liao, L Reyna, SV Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI TI Transforming growth factor-beta(1) stimulates L-arginine transport and metabolism in vascular smooth muscle cells - Role in polyamine and collagen synthesis SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE muscle, smooth; amino acids; collagen ID AMINO-ACID TRANSPORTER; RAT-LIVER ARGINASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; NITRIC-OXIDE; FACTOR-BETA; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1; HYPERPLASIA; RECEPTOR; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Background-Transforming growth factor-beta (1) (TGF-beta (1)) contributes to arterial remodeling by stimulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth and collagen synthesis at sites of vascular injury. Because L-arginine is metabolized to growth-stimulatory polyamines and to the essential collagen precursor L-proline, we examined whether TGF-beta (1) regulates the transcellular transport and metabolism of L-arginine by VSMCs. Methods and Results-TGF-beta (1) increased L-arginine uptake, and this was associated with a selective increase in cationic amino acid transporter-1 (CAT-1) mRNA. In addition, TGF-beta (1) stimulated L-arginine metabolism by inducing arginase I mRNA and arginase activity. TGF-beta (1) also stimulated L-ornithine catabolism by elevating ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) activity. TGF-beta (1) markedly increased the capacity of VSMCs to generate the polyamine putrescine and L-proline from extracellular L-arginine. The TGF-beta (1)-mediated increase in putrescine and L-proline production was reversed by methyl-L-arginine, a competitive inhibitor of cationic amino acid transport, or by hydroxy-L-arginine, an arginase inhibitor. Furthermore, the formation of putrescine was inhibited by the ODC inhibitor cu-difluoromethylornithine, and L-proline generation was blocked by the OAT inhibitor L-canaline. L-Canaline also inhibited TGF-beta (1)-stimulated type I collagen synthesis. Conclusions-These results demonstrate that TGF-beta (1) stimulates polyamine and L-proline synthesis by inducing the genes that regulate the transport and metabolism of L-arginine. In addition, they show that TGF-beta (1)-stimulated collagen production is dependent on L-proline formation. The ability of TGF-beta (1) to upregulate L-arginine transport and direct its metabolism to polyamines and L-proline may contribute to arterial remodeling at sites of vascular damage. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Durante, W (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Houston VA Med Ctr, Bldg 109,Room 130,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-62467, HL-59976, HL-36045] NR 37 TC 90 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD FEB 27 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 8 BP 1121 EP 1127 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 412NW UT WOS:000167562100025 PM 11222476 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA Vargas, DA AF Pahlavani, MA Vargas, DA TI Aging but not dietary restriction alters the activation-induced apoptosis in rat T cells SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE activation-induced cell death; T cell; aging; dietary restriction; rat ID CALORIC RESTRICTION; DNA FRAGMENTATION; HEPATOCYTE PROLIFERATION; FAS ANTIGEN; F344 RATS; DEATH; EXPRESSION; MICE; LYMPHOCYTES; AGE AB The aim of this study was to determine if aging or dietary restriction (DR) alters activation-induced cell death, which is known to regulate cell proliferation and eliminate the high number of activated cells during an immune response, Splenic T cells were isolated from young (4-6 months) and old (25-26 months) Fischer 344 rats that had free access to food, ad libitum (AL), and from dietary-restricted (DR) old (25-26 months) rats that beginning at 6 weeks of age mere fed 60% (40% food-restricted) of the diet consume by the AL rats, T cells were incubated with anti-CD3 antibody, or staphylococcal enterotoxin B (primary stimulus) for 72-96 h, followed by restimulation with anti-CD3 (secondary stimulus) for 72 h, Activation-induced apoptosis was assessed by DNA fragmentation and the expression of Fas/CD95 receptor and Fas ligand (Fas-L) was measured by flow cytometry, We found that the amount of DNA fragmentation was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the stimulated and restimulated T cells from AL old rats and DR old rats compared to young rats. The increase in DNA fragmentation with age was paralleled by an increase in the proportion of the cells expressing Fas and Fas-L, However, DR had no significant effect on the age-related increase in DNA fragmentation or the expression of Fas or Fas-L, We also measured the levels of Bcl-2 and Bas protein and found that the level of Bcl-2 decreased and Pax increased with age and that DR had no effect on the age-related changes in the level of Bcl-2 or Bax protein. These results demonstrate that aging but not DR alters activation-induced apoptosis in rat T cells. (C) 2001 Federation of European Biochemical Societies, Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Physiol, Ctr Hlth Sci, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Pahlavani, MA (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG00677, AG14088] NR 52 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD FEB 23 PY 2001 VL 491 IS 1-2 BP 114 EP 118 DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02184-6 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 407AC UT WOS:000167248400025 PM 11226431 ER PT J AU Linseman, DA Heidenreich, KA Fisher, SK AF Linseman, DA Heidenreich, KA Fisher, SK TI Stimulation of M-3 muscarinic receptors induces phosphorylation of the Cdc42 effecter activated Cdc42Hs-associated kinase-1 via a Fyn tyrosine kinase signaling pathway SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FOCAL ADHESION KINASE; HUMAN NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; NEURITE RETRACTION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; GROWTH-FACTOR; RHO; GTPASES AB The tyrosine kinase, activated Cdc42Hs-associated kinase-1 (ACR-1), is a specific effector of the Rho family GTPase Cdc42. GTP-bound Cdc42 has been shown to facilitate neurite outgrowth elicited by activation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAChRs). Because tyrosine kinase activity is a requirement for neuritogenesis in several cell systems, we investigated whether endogenous mAChRs (principally of the M-3 subtype) expressed in human SN-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells would signal to ACK-1. Incubation of cells with the cholinergic agonist oxotremorine-M (Oxo-M) induced an approximately 6-fold increase in the tyrosine phosphorylation of ACK-1 which was inhibited by atropine. ACK-1 phosphorylation was blocked by Clostridium difficile toxin B, an inhibitor of Rho family GTPases. In contrast, disruption of the actin cytoskeleton with cytochalasin D stimulated ACK-1 phosphorylation, and moreover, addition of Oxo-M 60 cells preincubated with this agent elicited a further increase in phosphorylation, indicating that an intact cytoskeleton is not required for mAChR signaling to ACH-1. Although stimulation of M-3 mAChRs induces bath an increase in intracellular Ca2+ and activation of protein kinase C (PKC), neither of these second messenger pathways was required for receptor-stimulated ACK-1 phosphorylation. Instead, inhibition of PKC resulted in a 2-fold increase in Oxo-M-stimulated ACK-1 phosphorylation, whereas acute activation of PRC with phorbol ester decreased ACK-1 phosphorylation. The agonist-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of ACK-1 was blocked by inhibitors of Src family kinases, and ACK-1 was coprecipitated with Fyn (but not Src) in an agonist-dependent manner. Finally, scrape loading cells with glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins of either the Fyn-SH2 or Fyn-SH3 domain significantly attenuated mAChR-stimulated ACK-1 tyrosine phosphorylation, The data are the first to shaw phosphorylation of ACK-1 after stimulation of a receptor coupled to neurite outgrowth and indicate that a Rho family GTPase (i.e, Cdc42) and Fyn are essential upstream elements of this signaling pathway. C1 Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Michigan, Mental Hlth Res Inst, Dept Pharmacol, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. Univ Michigan, Mental Hlth Res Inst, Neurosci Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. RP Linseman, DA (reprint author), Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 111H,Rm 9C120,1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM07767]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH12193]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS23831] NR 55 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 23 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 8 BP 5622 EP 5628 DI 10.1074/jbc.M006812200 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 404RU UT WOS:000167115100031 PM 11087735 ER PT J AU Torre-Amione, G Young, JB Durand, JB Bozkurt, B Mann, DL Kobrin, I Pratt, CM AF Torre-Amione, G Young, JB Durand, JB Bozkurt, B Mann, DL Kobrin, I Pratt, CM TI Hemodynamic effects of tezosentan, an intravenous dual endothelin receptor antagonist, in patients with class III to IV congestive heart failure SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE endothelin; hemodynamics; heart failure ID ETA-RECEPTOR; HYPERTROPHY; EXPRESSION; THERAPY; SYSTEM; VASOCONSTRICTION; HYPERTENSION; BLOCKADE; ET(A) AB Background--Endothelin-1, a powerful mediator of vasoconstriction, is increased in patients with congestive heart failure and appears to be a prognostic marker that strongly is correlated with the severity of disease. However, little is known about the potential immediate beneficial effects of acute blockade of the endothelin system in patients with symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction. We assessed the hemodynamic effects and safety of tezosentan, an intravenous dual endothelin receptor antagonist, in patients with moderate to severe heart failure. Methods and Results--This randomized placebo-controlled study evaluated the hemodynamic effects: of 6-hour infusions of tezosentan at 5, 20, 50, and 100 mg/h compared with placebo in 61 patients with New York Heart Association class III to IV heart failure. Plasma endothelin-l and tezosentan concentrations were also determined. Treatment with tezosentan caused a dose-dependent increase in cardiac index ranging from 24.4% to 49.9% versus 3.0% with placebo. Tezosentan also dose-dependently reduced pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances, with no change in heart rate. No episodes of ventricular tachycardia or hypotension requiring drug termination were observed during tezosentan infusion. Tezosentan administration resulted in dose-related increased plasma endothelin-1 concentrations. Conclusions--The present study demonstrated that tezosentan can be safely administered to patients with moderate to severe heart failure and that by virtue of its ability to antagonize the effects of endothelin-l, it induced vasodilatory responses leading to a significant improvement in cardiac index. Further studies are under way to determine the clinical effects of tezosentan in the setting of acute heart failure. C1 Methodist Hosp, Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res, Eugene & Judith Campbell Labs Cardiac Transplanta, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Methodist Hosp, DeBakey Heart Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Kaufman Ctr Heart Failure, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Actel Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland. RP Torre-Amione, G (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Texas Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. OI Mann, Douglas /0000-0002-2516-0145 NR 34 TC 80 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD FEB 20 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 7 BP 973 EP 980 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 412NV UT WOS:000167562000011 PM 11181472 ER PT J AU Musher, DM Mediwala, R Phan, HM Chen, G Baughn, RE AF Musher, DM Mediwala, R Phan, HM Chen, G Baughn, RE TI Nonspecificity of assaying for IgG antibody to pneumolysin in circulating immune complexes as a means to diagnose pneumococcal pneumonia SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; ETIOLOGY; POLYSACCHARIDE; INFECTIONS; CHILDREN; VACCINE; TRIAL AB Detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody to pneumolysin (PLY) in precipitated circulating immune complexes (CICs) has been used to diagnose pneumococcal pneumonia. With care to include appropriate controls, we precipitated and dissociated CICs and then assayed for IgG antibody to PLY. We detected IgG antibody to PLY in CICs that were precipitated from serum samples that were obtained at the time of admission to the hospital from 5 (23%) of 22 healthy adults, 7 (44%) of 16 subjects with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 10 (63%) of 16 subjects colonized with Streptococcus pneumoniae, and 9 (60%) of 15 patients with nonbacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia. Of the 16 patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia, 4 (25%) had IgG antibody to PLY at the time of admission, and 8 (50%) had IgG antibody to PLY in convalescence. Levels of IgG antibody in CICs closely correlated with serum levels of IgG antibody to PLY, implicating precipitation of free serum antibody in tests with false-positive results. Detection of IgG antibody to PLY in precipitated CICs is not a reliable method for diagnosing pneumococcal pneumonia. C1 Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Infect Dis Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Dermatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Musher, DM (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Infect Dis Sect, 111G,Room 4B-370,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 32 IS 4 BP 534 EP 538 DI 10.1086/318709 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 400DX UT WOS:000166857900002 PM 11181114 ER PT J AU Oberley, TD Verwiebe, E Zhong, WX Kang, SW Rhee, SG AF Oberley, TD Verwiebe, E Zhong, WX Kang, SW Rhee, SG TI Localization of the thioredoxin system in normal rat kidney SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE thioredoxin; thioredoxin reductase; peroxiredoxin; reactive oxygen species; kidney; free radicals ID LEUKEMIA-DERIVED FACTOR; DNA-BINDING ACTIVITY; MAMMALIAN PEROXIREDOXIN; REDOX REGULATION; GROWTH-FACTOR; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; REDUCTASE; CELLS; SELENOCYSTEINE AB Components of the thioredoxin system were localized in normal rat kidney using immunoperoxidase techniques at the light microscopic level and immunogold techniques at the ultrastructural level. Results from both methods were similar. Thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductases, and peroxiredoxins showed cell-type-specific localization, with the same cell types (proximal and distal tubular epithelial, papillary collecting duct, and transitional epithelial cells) previously identified as having high amounts of antioxidant enzyme immunoreactive proteins and oxidative damage products also having high levels of proteins of the thioredoxin system. In addition, peroxiredoxins II and IV were found in high levels in the cytoplasm of red blood cells, identified in kidney blood vessels. While thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase 1 were found in all subcellular locations in kidney cells, thioredoxin reductase 2 was found predominantly in mitochondria. Thioredoxin reductase 1 was identified in rat plasma, suggesting it is a secreted protein. Peroxiredoxins often had specific subcellular locations, with peroxiredoxins III and V found in mitochondria and peroxiredoxin IV found in lysosomes. Our results emphasize the complex nature of the thioredoxin system, demonstrating unique cell-type and organelle specificity. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI USA. NHLBI, Lab Cell Signaling, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Oberley, TD (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, 2500 Overlook Terrace,Room A35, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 56 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD FEB 15 PY 2001 VL 30 IS 4 BP 412 EP 424 DI 10.1016/S0891-5849(00)00486-X PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 401YD UT WOS:000166955900009 PM 11182297 ER PT J AU Roth, GJ AF Roth, GJ TI A new "kid" on the platelet thrombin receptor "block": Glycoprotein Ib-IX-V SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material ID RESPONSIVENESS; ACTIVATION C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Roth, GJ (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 13 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 4 BP 1330 EP 1331 DI 10.1073/pnas.98.4.1330 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 401VL UT WOS:000166949200005 PM 11171948 ER PT J AU Casarett, D Kutner, JS Abrahm, J AF Casarett, D Kutner, JS Abrahm, J CA End Life Care Consensus Panel TI Life after death: A practical approach to grief and bereavement SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CONJUGAL BEREAVEMENT; COMPLICATED GRIEF; SUICIDAL IDEATION; ADAPTATION; INTERVENTION; DEPRESSION; PREDICTORS; DISTINCT; SUPPORT; SPOUSES AB This consensus paper describes the essential skills that clinicians need to help persons who are experiencing grief after the death of a loved one. Four aspects of the grieving process are reviewed: anticipatory grief, acute grief, normal grief reactions, and complicated grief. Techniques for assessment and recommendations about interventions and indications for referral are provided for each aspect. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Inst Aging, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Casarett, D (reprint author), Amer Coll Phys, Amer Soc Internal Med, Ctr Eth & Professionalism, 190 N Independence Mall W, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA. NR 44 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 6 PY 2001 VL 134 IS 3 BP 208 EP 215 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 397KR UT WOS:000166695300005 PM 11177334 ER PT J AU Mann, DL AF Mann, DL TI Tumor necrosis factor and viral myocarditis - The fine line between innate and inappropriate immune responses in the heart SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Editorial Material DE tumor necrosis factor; myocarditis; cytokines; inflammation ID FACTOR-ALPHA; DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; TRANSGENIC MICE; EXPRESSION; ENDOTOXIN; GENE C1 Houston Vet Adm Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Cardiol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Mann, DL (reprint author), Houston Vet Adm Med Ctr, Cardiol Res 151C,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. OI Mann, Douglas /0000-0002-2516-0145 NR 15 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD FEB 6 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 5 BP 626 EP 629 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 412NT UT WOS:000167561800004 PM 11156870 ER PT J AU Simon, JA Hsia, J Cauley, JA Richards, C Harris, F Fong, J Barrett-Connor, E Hulley, SB AF Simon, JA Hsia, J Cauley, JA Richards, C Harris, F Fong, J Barrett-Connor, E Hulley, SB CA HERS Res Grp TI Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of stroke - The Heart and Estrogen-progestin Replacement Study (HERS) SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE cerebrovascular disorders; hormones; stroke ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; FOLLOW-UP; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; ISCHEMIC STROKE; WOMEN; MORTALITY; COHORT; USERS; PARTICIPANTS; POPULATION AB Background-Observational studies have shown that postmenopausal hormone therapy may increase, decrease, or have no effect on the risk of stroke. To date, no clinical trial has examined this question. To investigate the relation between estrogen plus progestin therapy and risk of stroke among postmenopausal women, we analyzed data collected from the Heart & Estrogen-progestin Replacement Study (HERS), a secondary coronary heart disease prevention trial. Methods and Results-Postmenopausal women (n=2763) were randomly assigned to take conjugated estrogen plus progestin or placebo. Primary outcomes for these analyses were stroke incidence and stroke death during a mean follow-up of 4.1 years. The number of women with strokes was compared with the number of women without strokes. A total of 149 women (5%) had 1 or more strokes, 85% of which were ischemic, resulting in 26 deaths, Hormone therapy was not significantly associated with risk of nonfatal stroke (relative hazard [RH] 1.18; 95% CI 0.83 to 1.66), fatal stroke (RH 1.61; 95% CI 0.73 to 3.55), ortransient ischemic attack (RH 0.90; 95% CI 0.57 to 1.42). Independent predictors of stroke events included increasing age, hypertension, diabetes, current cigarette smoking, and atrial fibrillation. Black women were at increased risk compared with white women, and unexpectedly, body mass index was inversely associated with stroke risk. Conclusions-Hormone therapy with conjugated equine estrogen and progestin had no significant effect on the risk for stroke among postmenopausal women with coronary disease. C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Gen Internal Med Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Med, Washington, DC USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Wyeth Ayerst Res, Radnor, PA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Family Med & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Simon, JA (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Gen Internal Med Sect, Gen Internal Med 111A1,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RI Cauley, Jane/N-4836-2015 OI Cauley, Jane/0000-0003-0752-4408 NR 33 TC 251 Z9 263 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD FEB 6 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 5 BP 638 EP 642 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 412NT UT WOS:000167561800007 PM 11156873 ER PT J AU Green, CA Fenn, DS Moussaoui, D Kadri, N Hoffman, WF AF Green, CA Fenn, DS Moussaoui, D Kadri, N Hoffman, WF TI Quality of life in treated and never-treated schizophrenic patients SO ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Article DE quality of life; schizophrenia; therapeutics; signs and symptoms; dyskinesias; cross-cultural comparison ID OF-LIFE; MENTAL-ILLNESS; FAMILY STIGMA; CONSEQUENCES; COUNTRIES; INSIGHT; DRUGS AB Objective: To evaluate quality of life (QOL) among treated and never-treated schizophrenic patients. Method: QOL ratings were obtained for (a) 112 Moroccan participants with schizophrenia who had never received neuroleptic medications, (b) matched samples of chronically-medicated schizophrenic patients in Morocco and the United States and (c) matched community controls in both countries. Results: QOL ratings were generally higher for US groups, although Moroccan controls obtained higher ratings than US controls for some domains. QOL ratings were higher for controls compared to patients within each country, although US patients' scores were similar to controls on some dimensions. We found no differences between treated and untreated Moroccan patients for any QOL domain, although relationships among predictors were different. Conclusion: Within the context of Moroccan culture, benefits of medications alone are not evident in QOL scores. QOL appears to be a complex construct influenced by different factors within each of the groups studied. C1 Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR 97227 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Univ Psychiat Ctr Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Green, CA (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227 USA. RI Green, Carla/D-2534-2017 OI Green, Carla/0000-0002-0000-4381 FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01-MH52351-01] NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 9 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0001-690X J9 ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND JI Acta Psychiatr. Scand. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 103 IS 2 BP 131 EP 142 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00088.x PG 12 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 402LV UT WOS:000166989400009 PM 11167316 ER PT J AU McKay, JR Merikle, E Mulvaney, FD Weiss, RV Koppenhaver, JM AF McKay, JR Merikle, E Mulvaney, FD Weiss, RV Koppenhaver, JM TI Factors accounting for cocaine use two years following initiation of continuing care SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article ID SUBSTANCE-ABUSE TREATMENT; ADDICTION SEVERITY INDEX; OUTPATIENT TREATMENT; TREATMENT SERVICES; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; ALCOHOL ABUSERS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; OPIOID ADDICTS; SELF-EFFICACY; DRUG-ABUSERS AB Aims. To examine the relationship between various interpersonal, intrapersonal and situational factors assessed at 6, 12 and 18 months after entrance to continuing care, and cocaine use in subsequent periods. Design. A randomized clinical trial with a 2-year follow-up. Setting. An outpatient US Veterans Administration substance abuse treatment program. Participants. Cocaine-dependent male veterans (N = 132) entering continuing care. Interventions. 12-Step focused group treatment vs. individualized relapse prevention continuing care. Measurements. Motivation, coping and mood, social support, co-morbid problem severity, treatment attendance, self-help participation and cocaine use variables were assessed at each follow-up. Findings. During the 2-year follow-up, patients used cocaine on fewer than 8% of the days in each of the four 6-month periods, which represented a highly significant decrease in relation to cocaine use prior to treatment. In univariate analyses, abstinence commitment, self-efficacy, positive mood, support from family, employment, attendance in continuing care and self-help participation at two or more of the follow-ups predicted less cocaine use in subsequent 6-month periods. Readiness to change and medical, psychiatric, legal and family/social problem severities either did not predict, or were inconsistently related to, subsequent cocaine use. In multivariate analyses, degree of self-help participation emerged as the strongest and most consistent predictor of cocaine use. However, when current cocaine use at each follow-up was controlled, none of the predictors was significant at more than one follow-up point. There was little evidence of interactions between treatment condition and the predictor variables. Conclusions. Continued self-help participation and the early achievement of cocaine abstinence appear to be important factors in the maintenance of good cocaine use outcomes over extended periods. The results also highlight the importance of controlling for various post-treatment factors when evaluating the relationship between any one factor and subsequent outcome, as many of the factors that were significant predictors in the univariate analyses were no longer significant when other factors were controlled. C1 Univ Penn, Treatment Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA. DeltaMetr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP McKay, JR (reprint author), Univ Penn, Treatment Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Reis, Aline/G-9573-2012 FU NIDA NIH HHS [K02 DA00361, P50 DA05186, R29 DA08399] NR 59 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 4 U2 9 PU CARFAX PUBLISHING PI BASINGSTOKE PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD FEB PY 2001 VL 96 IS 2 BP 213 EP 225 DI 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.9622134.x PG 13 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 402HR UT WOS:000166981500004 PM 11182866 ER PT J AU Robinson, JP Fulton-Kehoe, D Martin, DC Franklin, GM AF Robinson, JP Fulton-Kehoe, D Martin, DC Franklin, GM TI Outcomes of pain center treatment in Washington State workers' compensation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE historical cohort studies; musculoskeletal diseases; pain clinics; pain; intractable; treatment outcome; workers compensation ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; FUNCTIONAL RESTORATION; FOLLOW-UP; REHABILITATION PROGRAM; NEGLECTED TOPICS; DISABILITY; RETURN; LITIGATION; INPATIENT AB Background Injured workers with chronic pain who have failed conventional therapies often receive treatment at pain centers. This study evaluated the effect of pain center treatment on time loss status of Washington State injured workers. The primary hypothesis was that treatment at a pain center would lead to a reduction in the probability of a worker's receiving time loss benefits at a 2-year follow-up. Methods A population-based retrospective cohort study was performed on 2,032 Washington State workers' compensation patients who underwent pain center evaluations. Subjects who received pain center treatment were compared to those who were evaluated but not treated with respect to time loss status at 2-year follow-up. Results Univariate analysis revealed that at 2-year follow-up, 35% of treated subjects were receiving time loss payments vs, 40% of evaluated only subjects (P < 0.05). Subjects who were younger female, and less chronic were more likely to undergo pain center treatment and were less likely to be on time loss at 2-year follow-up. In multivariate analyses, which statistically controlled baseline differences between the two groups, there was no difference between treated subjects and evaluated only subjects. Conclusions There was no evidence that pain center treatment alters 2-year time loss status of already disabled workers. Am, J. Ind. Med. 39:227-236, 2001. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Washington, Pain Ctr, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Robinson, JP (reprint author), Univ Washington, Pain Ctr, 1914 N 34th St,Suite 101, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. NR 66 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 39 IS 2 BP 227 EP 236 DI 10.1002/1097-0274(200102)39:2<227::AID-AJIM1010>3.0.CO;2-W PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 398KV UT WOS:000166756400011 PM 11170165 ER PT J AU Fried, L Bernardini, J Piraino, B AF Fried, L Bernardini, J Piraino, B TI Charlson comorbidity index as a predictor of outcomes in incident peritoneal dialysis patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th Annual PD Conference CY FEB 27-29, 2000 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA DE end-stage renal disease (ESRD); peritoneal dialysis; mortality; comorbidity; risk factors ID CO-MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; HEMODIALYSIS; SURVIVAL; IMPACT; DEATH; RISK AB A previous study at our center used the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (an index of comorbidity that includes age) to predict outcomes in a mixed group of incident and prevalent dialysis patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness of the CCI as a predictor in incident peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and to examine whether it was a better predictor than simply the number of comorbid conditions or other known predictors, such as age, albumin level, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Since 1990, we have collected prospectively comorbidity data at the start of PD, All patients with known comorbidity and serum albumin and who did not have a prior history of hemodialysis or transplant were included (n = 268). Time at risk began at day 1 of PD training. Cox proportional hazards best subset selection was used to screen models to predict patient survival. Candidate models were analyzed further for proportionality and other model assumptions. Univariate analysis showed that significant predictors of mortality were CCI (chi-square = 43.3, P < 0.0001), age (chi-square = 23.7, P < 0.0001), cardiac disease (chi-square = 19.9, P < 0.0001), number of comorbid conditions (chi-square = 15.6, P < 0.0001), serum albumin at the start of dialysis (chi-square = 15.3, P = 0.0001), and diabetes (chi-square = 4, P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, CCI alone was the best predictor, The addition of serum albumin did not improve the model significantly (chi-square = 51.86 versus 49.34). For every increase of 1 in the CCI score, the relative risk of death was 1.54 (95% confidence interval, 1.36 to 1.74). CCI alone scored at the start of PD is a strong predictor of patient survival in incident end-stage renal disease patients on PD. This simple-to-calculate index would be useful to adjust for confounding in future studies and in the adjustment of case mix if Medicare moves to a capitated payment system. (C) 2001 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Renal Electrolyte Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Renal Sect, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Fried, L (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Renal Electrolyte Div, 938 Scaife Hall,3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. OI Piraino, Beth/0000-0001-5061-0841 NR 29 TC 145 Z9 153 U1 1 U2 7 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 BP 337 EP 342 DI 10.1053/ajkd.2001.21300 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 396QE UT WOS:000166647400012 PM 11157375 ER PT J AU Chen, MC Goliger, J Bunnett, N Soll, AH AF Chen, MC Goliger, J Bunnett, N Soll, AH TI Apical and basolateral EGF receptors regulate gastric mucosal paracellular permeability SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epidermal growth factor receptors; transforming growth factor receptors; gastric mucosal defense; paracellular pathway ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; FACTOR-ALPHA; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; LOCALIZATION; PEPTIDES; CULTURE; KINASE; SOMATOSTATIN; MONOLAYERS AB Previous studies found that monolayers formed from canine oxyntic epithelial cells in primary culture displayed remarkable resistance to apical acidification and both mitogenic and migratory responses to epidermal growth factor (EGF) treatment. In our present studies, we found that EGF increased transepithelial resistance (TER) but not short-circuit current in these monolayers. Parallel effects of EGF on decreasing mannitol flux and increasing TER implicate direct regulation of paracellular permeability. EGF acting at either apical and basolateral receptors rapidly increased TER, but the apical response was sustained whereas the basolateral response was transient. I-125-labeled EGF binding revealed specific apical binding, but receptor numbers were 25-fold lower than on the basolateral surface. Both apical and basolateral EGF activated tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptors (EGFR), beta -catenin, and cellular substrate as evident on confocal microscopy. Although apical EGF activated a lesser degree of receptor autophosphorylation than basolateral EGF, phosphorylation of beta -catenin was equally prominent with apical and basolateral receptor activation. Together, these findings indicate that functional apical and basolateral EGFR exist on primary canine gastric epithelial cells and that these receptors regulate paracellular permeability. The sustained effect of apical EGFR activation and prominent phosphorylation of beta -catenin suggest that apical EGFR may play a key role in this regulation. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Surg & Physiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Chen, MC (reprint author), Vet Adm Wadsworth Hosp Ctr, Bldg 115,Rm 215,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-19984, DK-30444] NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 280 IS 2 BP G264 EP G272 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 391FR UT WOS:000166346400013 PM 11208549 ER PT J AU Bird, TD Schellenberg, GD AF Bird, TD Schellenberg, GD TI The case of the missing tau, or, why didn't the mRNA bark? SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID ALZHEIMER DEGENERATIVE DEMENTIA; FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; MUTATIONS; CHROMOSOME-17; GENE; CONSENSUS; MISSENSE; PROTEIN; FTDP-17 C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bird, TD (reprint author), Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0364-5134 J9 ANN NEUROL JI Ann. Neurol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 49 IS 2 BP 144 EP 145 DI 10.1002/1531-8249(20010201)49:2<144::AID-ANA33>3.0.CO;2-J PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 402CJ UT WOS:000166968200003 PM 11220733 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, GM Sutton, DA Thompson, E Tijerina, R Rinaldi, MG AF Gonzalez, GM Sutton, DA Thompson, E Tijerina, R Rinaldi, MG TI In vitro activities of approved and investigational antifungal agents against 44 clinical isolates of basidiomycetous fungi SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID SCHIZOPHYLLUM-COMMUNE; INFECTION; PATIENT; LUNG AB The in vitro activity of amphotericin B, fluconazole, flucytosine, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole was evaluated against 44 clinical isolates of filamentous basidiomycetous fungi. No statistically significant differences were noted between Schizophyllum commune (n = 5), Coprinus species (n = 8), Bjerkandera adusta (n = 14), and sterile, uncharacterized basidiomycetes (n = 17). C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Fungus Testing Lab, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. RP Gonzalez, GM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Fungus Testing Lab, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 15 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 45 IS 2 BP 633 EP 635 DI 10.1128/AAC.45.2.633-635.2001 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 394TP UT WOS:000166539600043 PM 11158771 ER PT J AU McGinty, D Alam, MN Szymusiak, R Nakao, M Yamamoto, M AF McGinty, D Alam, MN Szymusiak, R Nakao, M Yamamoto, M TI Hypothalamic sleep-promoting mechanisms: Coupling to thermoregulation SO ARCHIVES ITALIENNES DE BIOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP; NEURONAL FIRING MODE; BASAL FOREBRAIN; CIRCADIAN PACEMAKER; CELLULAR MECHANISMS; BODY-TEMPERATURE; WAKING DISCHARGE; RATS; WAKEFULNESS; LESIONS C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Informat Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. RP McGinty, D (reprint author), Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda Branch, Neurophysiol Res, Los Angeles, CA 91343 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH47480] NR 56 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV PISA PI PISA PA LUNGARNO A PACINOTTI 43, 56100 PISA, ITALY SN 0003-9829 J9 ARCH ITAL BIOL JI Arch. Ital. Biol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 139 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 75 PG 13 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 403AV UT WOS:000167021100008 PM 11256188 ER PT J AU Szymusiak, R Steininger, T Alam, N McGinty, D AF Szymusiak, R Steininger, T Alam, N McGinty, D TI Preoptic area sleep-regulating mechanisms SO ARCHIVES ITALIENNES DE BIOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID POSTERIOR LATERAL HYPOTHALAMUS; EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP; BASAL FOREBRAIN; WAKING DISCHARGE; LOCUS-COERULEUS; RETICULAR-FORMATION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NEURONS; RATS; CAT C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv 151A3, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv 151A3, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Szymusiak, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv 151A3, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 66 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV PISA PI PISA PA LUNGARNO A PACINOTTI 43, 56100 PISA, ITALY SN 0003-9829 J9 ARCH ITAL BIOL JI Arch. Ital. Biol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 139 IS 1-2 BP 77 EP 92 PG 16 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 403AV UT WOS:000167021100009 PM 11256189 ER PT J AU Byne, W Buchsbaum, MS Kemether, E Hazlett, EA Shinwari, A Mitroupoulou, V Siever, LJ AF Byne, W Buchsbaum, MS Kemether, E Hazlett, EA Shinwari, A Mitroupoulou, V Siever, LJ TI Magnetic resonance imaging of the thalamic mediodorsal nucleus and pulvinar in schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; MEDICATED SCHIZOPHRENICS; MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; NEUROLEPTIC-NAIVE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; OUTPUT CHANNELS; BASAL GANGLIA; VOLUME AB Background: The importance of neuronal interactions in development, the cortical dependence of many thalamic nuclei, and the phenomenon of transsynaptic degeneration suggest possible abnormalities in thalamic nuclei with connections to other brain regions implicated in schizophrenia. Because frontal and temporal lobe volumes are diminished in schizophrenia, Volume loss could characterize their primary thalamic relay nuclei (mediodorsal nucleus [MDN] and pulvinar). Methods: Tracers delineated the thalamus, MDN, and pulvinar on contiguous 1.2-mm magnetic resonance images in 12 schizophrenic patients, 12 with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), and 12 normal control subjects. The MDN and pulvinar were rendered visible by means of a Sobel intensity-gradient filter. Results: Pixel overlap for delineation of all structures by independent tracers was at least 80%; intraclass correlations were r=0.78 for MDN and r=0.83 for pulvinar. Pulvinar volume was smaller in schizophrenic (1.22+/-0.24 cm(3)) and SPD (1.20+/-0.23 cm(3)) patients than controls (1.37+/-0.25 cm(3)). Differences for MDN were not statistically significant; however, when expressed as percentage of total brain volume, pulvinar and MDN together were reduced in SPD (0.14%) and schizophrenic (0.15%) patients vs controls (0.16%). Reductions were more prominent in the left hemisphere, with MDN reduced only in the schizophrenic group, and pulvinar in both patient groups. Total thalamic volume did not differ among the 3 groups. Conclusions: Measurement of MDN and pulvinar in magnetic resonance images is feasible and reproducible. Schizophrenic and SPD patients have volume reduction in the pulvinar, but only schizophrenic patients show reduction relative to brain volume in MDN. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat 1F29, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. Pilgrim Psychiat Ctr, W Brentwood, NY USA. RP Byne, W (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat 1F29, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH55989, MH60023, MH40071] NR 65 TC 143 Z9 144 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD FEB PY 2001 VL 58 IS 2 BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.58.2.133 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 399YV UT WOS:000166842600004 PM 11177115 ER PT J AU Beyth, RJ AF Beyth, RJ TI Hemorrhagic complications of oral anticoagulant therapy SO CLINICS IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NONRHEUMATIC ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; CEREBRAL AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY; DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; PEPTIC-ULCER DISEASE; CASE-FATALITY RATES; BLEEDING COMPLICATIONS; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; STROKE PREVENTION; ELDERLY PATIENTS AB Although the efficacy of anticoagulant therapy has been established for many conditions that are prevalent among the elderly population, the decision to initiate anticoagulant therapy in the elderly population is not straightforward because elderly patients with multiple comorbidities and varying levels of functional status are not routinely included in clinical trials of efficacy. The true benefits of anticoagulant therapy will be realized when health care providers and elderly patients can accurately assess the absolute risk versus the benefit associated with anticoagulant therapy. C1 Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Beyth, RJ (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, 39A,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [K08-AG00712] NR 81 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-0690 J9 CLIN GERIATR MED JI Clin. Geriatr. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 17 IS 1 BP 49 EP + DI 10.1016/S0749-0690(05)70105-1 PG 9 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 402GL UT WOS:000166977800005 PM 11270133 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF AF Mendez, MF TI Generalized auditory agnosia with spared music recognition in a left-hander. Analysis of a case with a right temporal stroke SO CORTEX LA English DT Article DE auditory agnosia; cortical auditory disorders; amusia; word deafness ID PURE WORD DEAFNESS; BILATERAL LESIONS; CORTICAL DEAFNESS; PERCEPTION; DISORDERS; DAMAGE; HEMORRHAGE; APHASIA; DEFECT; CORTEX AB After a right temporoparietal stroke, a left-handed man lost the ability to understand speech and environmental sounds but developed greater appreciation for music. The patient had preserved reading and writing but poor verbal comprehension. Slower speech, single syllable words, and minimal written cues greatly facilitated his verbal comprehension. On identifying environmental sounds, he made predominant acoustic errors. Although he failed to name melodies, he could match, describe, and sing them. The patient had normal hearing except for presbyacusis, right-ear dominance for phonemes, and normal discrimination of basic psychoacoustic features and rhythm. Further testing disclosed difficulty distinguishing tone sequences and discriminating two clicks and short-versus-long tones, particularly in the left ear. Together, these findings suggest impairment in a direct route for temporal analysis and auditory word forms in his right hemisphere to Wernicke's area in his left hemisphere. The findings further suggest a separate and possibly rhythm-based mechanism for music recognition. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Neurobehav Unit 116AF, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 56 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 5 PU MASSON DIVISIONE PERIODICI PI MILAN PA VIA FRATELLI BRESSAN 2, 20126 MILAN, ITALY SN 0010-9452 J9 CORTEX JI Cortex PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 1 BP 139 EP 150 DI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70563-X PG 12 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 417BD UT WOS:000167814700012 PM 11292159 ER PT J AU Christian, MM Cox, DO Smith, CV Onouye, T Moy, RL AF Christian, MM Cox, DO Smith, CV Onouye, T Moy, RL TI Ocular damage due to chlorhexidine versus eyeshield thermal injury SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CORNEAL AB BACKGROUND. Ocular damage may occur from a number of mechanisms during laser use. OBJECTIVE. To review issues relevant to ocular protection during laser resurfacing. METHODS. The authors were consulted to evaluate the thermal energy transferred from the outer to the inner (ie, corneal contact) surface of stainless steel eyeshields following direct exposure to the carbon dioxide (CO2) resurfacing laser beam. Measurements were obtained using thermocouples (attached to the inner surface of the eyeshields) and analyzed with a computer-based acquisition system. RESULTS. A maximum eyeshield temperature increase of 13 degreesC above the ambient temperature was noted following one pass with a CO2 resurfacing laser (Sharplan continuous CO2 laser with Clinicon SureScan scanner, 15 W, 950 mu sec pulse duration, square spot of 9 mm). CONCLUSION. The eyeshields analyzed in this study minimized thermal transfer following a single direct hit with a CO2 resurfacing laser. An understanding of the potential mechanisms of ocular injury is essential in preventing its occurrence. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. Cox & Co, Los Angeles, CA USA. Quan Smith Associates, Santa Monica, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Christian, MM (reprint author), 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 27 IS 2 BP 153 EP 157 DI 10.1046/j.1524-4725.2001.00221.x PG 5 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 405QF UT WOS:000167170000011 PM 11207689 ER PT J AU Hull, RL Verchere, CB Andrikopoulos, S Wang, F Vidal, J Kahn, SE AF Hull, RL Verchere, CB Andrikopoulos, S Wang, F Vidal, J Kahn, SE TI Oophorectomy promotes islet amyloid formation in human islet amyloid polypeptide transgenic mice SO DIABETES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Servier-IGIS Symposium CY MAR 23-25, 2000 CL ST JEAN CAP FERRAT, FRANCE C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Hull, RL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD FEB PY 2001 VL 50 SU 1 BP S184 EP S185 DI 10.2337/diabetes.50.2007.S184 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 401ZA UT WOS:000166958400048 PM 11272188 ER PT J AU Porte, D Kahn, SE AF Porte, D Kahn, SE TI beta-cell dysfunction and failure in type 2 diabetes - Potential mechanisms SO DIABETES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Servier-IGIS Symposium CY MAR 23-25, 2000 CL ST JEAN CAP FERRAT, FRANCE ID ISLET AMYLOID POLYPEPTIDE; JAPANESE-AMERICAN MEN; TRANSGENIC MICE; B-CELL; SULFONYLUREA THERAPY; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; PROINSULIN LEVELS; MELLITUS; HYPERGLYCEMIA; AMYLIN AB Type 2 diabetes is characterized by a progressive loss of beta -cell function throughout the course of the disease. The pattern of loss is an initial defect in early or first-phase insulin secretion, followed by a decreasing maximal capacity of glucose to potentiate all nonglucose signals. Last, a defective steady-state and basal insulin secretion develops, leading to complete beta -cell failure requiring insulin treatment. This functional loss exceeds the expected impact of a 20-50% loss of beta -cells reported at autopsy, which has been associated with amyloid deposits. This review summarizes the nature of the amyloid deposition process and its association with disproportionate hyperproinsulinemia. It reviews recent studies in IAPP (islet-amyloid polypeptide, or amylin) transgenic mice developing islet amyloid deposits and hyperglycemia to suggest that the process of amyloid fibril formation impairs function early and leads to beta -cell failure and eventual death. Based on the known association of amyloid deposits and relative hyperproinsulinemia, it is hypothesized that fibril formation begins during impaired glucose tolerance after other factors cause the initial defects in early insulin secretion and insulin action. Thus, the process that leads to beta -cell loss is implicated in the deposition of amyloid and the late unrelenting progressive hyperglycemia now found in all patients despite current therapies. C1 VA San Diego Hlth Care Syst, La Jolla, CA 92161 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Porte, D (reprint author), VA San Diego Hlth Care Syst, 111G, La Jolla, CA 92161 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK12829, DK17047, DK50703] NR 35 TC 141 Z9 147 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD FEB PY 2001 VL 50 SU 1 BP S160 EP S163 DI 10.2337/diabetes.50.2007.S160 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 401ZA UT WOS:000166958400041 PM 11272181 ER PT J AU Cacciola, JS Alterman, AI Rutherford, MJ McKay, JR Mulvaney, FD AF Cacciola, JS Alterman, AI Rutherford, MJ McKay, JR Mulvaney, FD TI The relationship of psychiatric comorbidity to treatment outcomes in methadone maintained patients SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE methadone; treatment outcome; personality disorders; psychiatric diagnosis; comorbidity ID STRUCTURED CLINICAL INTERVIEW; ADDICTION SEVERITY INDEX; TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY; TREATED OPIATE ADDICTS; PERSONALITY-DISORDERS; DRUG PROBLEMS; SADS-L; ALCOHOL; DIAGNOSIS; PREDICTORS AB The authors examined the relationship of comorbid non-substance use psychiatric disorders to preadmission problem status and treatment outcomes in 278 methadone maintenance patients. Recent admissions were assigned DSM-III-R Axis I and II diagnoses according to structured diagnostic interviews. The Addiction Severity Index was administered at admission to assess past and current substance use and psychosocial problems and again 7 months later. Treatment retention and month 7 drug urinalysis results were also obtained. Across substance use and psychosocial domains, participants showed significant and comparable levels of improvement regardless of comorbidity. Comorbid participants received more concurrent psychiatric treatment which may have accounted for the lack of differential improvement among groups. Nevertheless. psychiatric comorbidity was associated with poorer psychosocial and medical status at admission and follow-up and participants with the combination of Axis I and II comorbidity had the most severe problems. Admission and month 7 substance use were, for the most part. not related to psychiatric comorbidity, although there was a trend indicating more treatment attrition for participants with personality disorders. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Studies Addict, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Cacciola, JS (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Studies Addict, Bldg 3,Univ & Civ Ctr Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186, R01 DA-05858-04] NR 32 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 61 IS 3 BP 271 EP 280 DI 10.1016/S0376-8716(00)00148-4 PG 10 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 390ZG UT WOS:000166329200008 PM 11164691 ER PT J AU Dirks, DD Takayanagi, S Moshfegh, A Noffsinger, PD Fausti, SA AF Dirks, DD Takayanagi, S Moshfegh, A Noffsinger, PD Fausti, SA TI Examination of the neighbor-hood activation theory in normal and hearing-impaired listeners SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article ID SPOKEN-WORD RECOGNITION; STIMULUS VARIABILITY; SPEECH-PERCEPTION; MODEL AB Objective: Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of lexical information on word recognition among normal hearing listeners and individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. The lexical factors of interest were incorporated in the Neighborhood Activation Model (NAM). Central to this model is the concept that words are recognized relationally in the context of other phonemically similar words. NAM: suggests that words in the mental lexicon are organized into similarity neighborhoods and the listener is required to select the target word from competing lexical items. Two structural characteristics of similarity neighborhoods that influence word recognition have been identified; "neighborhood density" or the number of phonemically similar words (neighbors) for a particular target item and "neighborhood frequency" or the average frequency of occurrence of all the items within a neighborhood. A third lexical factor, "word frequency" or the frequency of occurrence of a target word in the language, is assumed to optimize the word recognition process by biasing the system toward choosing a high frequency over a low frequency word. Design: Three experiments were performed. In the initial experiments, word recognition for consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) monosyllables was assessed in young normal hearing listeners by systematically partitioning the items into the eight possible lexical conditions that could be created by two levels of the three lexical factors, word frequency (high and low), neighborhood density thigh and low), and average neighborhood frequency thigh and low). Neighborhood structure and word frequency were estimated computationally using a large, on-line lexicon-based Webster's Pocket Dictionary. From this program 400 highly familiar, monosyllables were selected and partitioned into eight orthogonal lexical groups (50 words/group). The 400 words were presented randomly to normal hearing listeners in speech-shaped noise (Experiment 1) and "in quiet" (Experiment 2) as well as to an elderly group of listeners with sensorineural hearing loss in the speech-shaped noise (Experiment 3). Results: The results of three experiments verified predictions of NAM in both normal hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. In each experiment, words from low density neighborhoods were recognized more accurately than those from high density neighborhoods. The presence of high frequency neighbors (average neighborhood frequency) produced poorer recognition performance than comparable conditions with low frequency neighbors. Word frequency was found to have a highly significant effect on word recognition. Lexical conditions with high word frequencies produced higher performance scores than conditions with low frequency words. Conclusion: The results supported the basic tenets of NAM theory and identified both neighborhood structural properties and word frequency as significant lexical factors affecting word recognition when listening in noise and "in quiet." The results of the third experiment permit extension of NAM: theory to individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. Future development of speech recognition tests should allow for the effects of higher level cognitive (lexical) factors on lower level phonemic processing. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Head & Neck Surg, Rehabil Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Natl Ctr Rehabilitat Auditory Res, Portland, OR USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Dirks, DD (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Head & Neck Surg, Rehabil Ctr, Bldg 31-24, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 18 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 22 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1097/00003446-200102000-00001 PG 13 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 403EC UT WOS:000167028800001 PM 11271971 ER PT J AU Pryor, FM Gidal, B Ramsay, RE DeToledo, J Morgan, RO AF Pryor, FM Gidal, B Ramsay, RE DeToledo, J Morgan, RO TI Fosphenytoin: Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of intramuscular loading doses SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Article DE fosphenytoin; pharmacokinetics; tolerance; acute repetitive seizures; intramuscular injection ID INTRAVENOUS PHENYTOIN; EPILEPTIC PATIENTS; DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN; LORAZEPAM; DIAZEPAM; KINETICS AB Purpose: Fosphenytoin (FPHT; Cerebyx) is well absorbed when given intramuscularly (IM). All prior pharmacokinetic studies had the first plasma sample obtained 30 min after IM administration. The objectives of this study were to determine the rate and extent of FPHT absorption and to evaluate the tolerability of IM FPHT compared with IM saline. Methods: This was an open-label, double-blinded study in which patients received 10 mg/kg dose of IM FPHT in one gluteus and IM saline in the other gluteus. Half the patients received saline injection of equal volume to FPHT (up to 19.5 mL); the other half received 2 mL of saline. Neurologic examination, vital signs, PHT blood samples. injection site examination, and subjective pain scores at injection site were obtained before and at timed intervals for 6 h. Results. Total PHT serum concentrations 10 mug/mL were obtained in 5 min in 14.3% of patients and in 26.3% after 10 min. More than half the patients had therapeutic serum concentrations at 30 min; 45.8% of patients reported no pain at either the FPHT or saline injection site. No significant difference in pain was noted between FPHT and saline injection sites at 60 min and thereafter. Early decrease in blood pressure occurred but was not clinically significant. Classic PHT-induced central nervous system (CNS) side effects were evident in one third of patients within 1 h after injection, Conclusions: (a) LM FPHT is rapidly absorbed (therapeutic levels achieved as early as 5-20 min). (b) IM FPHT is well tolerated by most patients irrespective of injection volume. C1 Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Pryor, FM (reprint author), Miami VA Med Ctr, Neurol Serv 127, 1201 NW 16 St, Miami, FL 33125 USA. RI Ramsay, R. Eugene/D-4491-2011 NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PD FEB PY 2001 VL 42 IS 2 BP 245 EP 250 DI 10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.20800.x PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 407XN UT WOS:000167296200013 PM 11240597 ER PT J AU McLellan, AT AF McLellan, AT TI Moving toward a "third generation" of contingency management studies in the drug abuse treatment field: Comment on Silverman et al. (2001) SO EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material AB The power of positively reinforced contingency management procedures has been definitively proven in the drug abuse field-even among the most severely affected clients. This study by K. Silverman, D. Svikis, E. Robles, M. L. Stitzer, and G. E. Bigelow (2001) and other studies like it have clearly moved the contingency management work out of controlled, contrived settings and into the real world. Suggestions are offered for moving the next generation of studies toward less complicated populations and using more robust reinforcements within the constraints of contemporary financial and administrative boundaries. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP McLellan, AT (reprint author), Treatment Res Inst, 600 Publ Ledger Bldg,150 S Independence Mall W, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA. NR 1 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1064-1297 J9 EXP CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 9 IS 1 BP 29 EP 32 DI 10.1037/1064-1297.9.1.29 PG 4 WC Psychology, Biological; Psychology, Clinical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 472JZ UT WOS:000170981700005 PM 11519631 ER PT J AU Maciejewski, ML Dowd, B Call, KT Feldman, R AF Maciejewski, ML Dowd, B Call, KT Feldman, R TI Comparing mortality and time until death for medicare HMO and FFS beneficiaries SO HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE prepaid health plans; managed care; fee-for-service plans; system comparisons; elderly ID MANAGED CARE; PLAN; DEMONSTRATIONS; ENROLLEES; CANCER AB Objective. To compare adjusted mortality rates of TEFRA-risk HMO enrollees and disenrollees with rates of beneficiaries enrolled in the Medicare fee-for-service sector (FFS), and to compare the time until death for decedents in these three groups. Data Source. Data are from the 124 counties with the largest TEFRA-risk HMO enrollment using 1993-1994 Medicare Denominator files for beneficiaries enrolled in the FFS and TEFRA-risk HMO sectors. Study Design. A retrospective study that tracks the mortality rates and time until death of a random sample of 1,240,120 Medicare beneficiaries in the FFS sector and 1,526,502 enrollees in HMOs between April 1, 1993 and April 1, 1994. A total of 58,201 beneficiaries switched from an HMO to the FFS sector and were analyzed separately. Principal Findings. HMO enrollees have lower relative odds of mortality than a comparable group of FFS beneficiaries. Conversely, HMO disenrollees have higher relative odds of mortality than comparable FFS beneficiaries. Among decedents in the three groups, HMO enrollees lived longer than FFS beneficiaries, who in turn lived longer than HMO disenrollees. Conclusions. Medicare TEFRA-risk HMO enrollees appear to be, on average, healthier than beneficiaries enrolled in the FFS sector, who appear to be in turn healthier than HMO disenrollees. These health status differences persist, even after controlling for beneficiary demographics and county-level variables that might confound the relationship between mortality and the insurance sector. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, HSR&D 125, NW Ctr Outcomes Res Older Adults, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Maciejewski, ML (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, HSR&D 125, NW Ctr Outcomes Res Older Adults, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 21 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU HEALTH ADMINISTRATION PRESS PI CHICAGO PA C/O FOUNDATION AMER COLL HEALTHCARE EXECUTIVES ONE N FRANKLIN ST, STE 1700, CHICAGO, IL 60606-3491 USA SN 0017-9124 J9 HEALTH SERV RES JI Health Serv. Res. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1245 EP 1265 PG 21 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 404AJ UT WOS:000167075000004 PM 11221818 ER PT J AU Schmidt, WA Boudousquie, AC Vetto, JT Pommier, RF Alexander, P Thurmond, A Scanlan, RM Jones, MK AF Schmidt, WA Boudousquie, AC Vetto, JT Pommier, RF Alexander, P Thurmond, A Scanlan, RM Jones, MK TI Lymph nodes in the human female breast: A review of their detection and significance SO HUMAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE lymph nodes; breast; fine needle aspiration; triple test; imaging; mammography; ultrasound ID FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION; CANCER; APPEARANCE; DIAGNOSIS; CYTOLOGY; LESIONS AB Our experience led us to test the hypothesis that lymph nodes are nor uncommon within the substance of the human female breast mound. The following specimen types and sources were used to survey the presence of intramammary lymph nodes in the human female breast mound: (1) cadaver breasts; (2) community hospital breast specimens; and (3) university and VA hospital specimens. We found true lymph nodes within and associated with breast specific tissue (ie, tissue that includes duct and gland structures), thereby validating the hypothesis posed. We discuss the significance of these findings in terms of our dominant patient care paradigm (the Triple Test-physical examination, imaging, and fine-needle aspiration [FNA]) and the choice of patient care management options. We conclude the following: lymph nodes occur in any quadrant of the breast mound; recognizing the possibility of intramammary lymph nodes is important when choosing between patient management options; intramammary lymph nodes can be sampled by FNA; intramammary lymph nodes can contain various disease processes; and in the Oregon Health Sciences University Multidisciplinary Breast Clinic, these intramammary lymph nodes are commonly identified by imaging methods and are more likely to be sampled by FNA than either by core or excisional biopsy. HUM PATHOL 32:178-187. Copyright (C) 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol Surg & Radiol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Meridian Pk Hosp, Dept Radiol, Tualatin, OR USA. Meridian Pk Hosp, Dept Pathol, Tualatin, OR USA. Kaiser Sunnyside Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Clackamas, OR USA. RP Schmidt, WA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pathol & Lab Med Serv P5Path, POB 1034,3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 36 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0046-8177 J9 HUM PATHOL JI Hum. Pathol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 32 IS 2 BP 178 EP 187 DI 10.1053/hupa.2001.21571 PG 10 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 407LU UT WOS:000167273700006 PM 11230705 ER PT J AU Loeb, M Bentley, DW Bradley, S Crossley, K Garibaldi, R Gantz, N McGeer, A Muder, RR Mylotte, J Nicolle, LE Nurse, B Paton, S Simor, AE Smith, P Strausbaugh, L AF Loeb, M Bentley, DW Bradley, S Crossley, K Garibaldi, R Gantz, N McGeer, A Muder, RR Mylotte, J Nicolle, LE Nurse, B Paton, S Simor, AE Smith, P Strausbaugh, L TI Development of minimum criteria for the initiation of antibiotics in residents of long-term-care facilities: Results of a consensus conference SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NURSING-HOME PATIENTS; ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA; RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCI; DIAGNOSING PNEUMONIA; PHYSICAL-EXAMINATION; INFECTION-CONTROL; ANTIMICROBIAL USE; TRANSMISSION; COLONIZATION; THERAPY AB Establishing a clinical diagnosis of infection in residents of long-term-care facilities (LTCFs) is difficult. As a result, deciding when to initiate antibiotics can be particularly challenging. This article describes the establishment of minimum criteria for the initiation of antibiotics in residents of LTCFs. Experts in this area were invited to participate in a consensus conference. Using a modified delphi approach, a questionnaire and selected relevant articles were sent to participants who were asked to rank individual signs and symptoms with respect to their relative importance. Using the results of the weighting by participants, a modification of the nominal group process was used to achieve consensus. Criteria for initiating antibiotics for skin and soft-tissue infections, respiratory infections, urinary infections, and fever where the focus of infection is unknown were developed. C1 McMaster Univ, Div Infect Dis & Med Microbiol, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Hamilton Civ Hosp, Hamilton, ON, Canada. St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO USA. St Louis Vet Affairs VA Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, St Louis, MO USA. VA Med Ctr, GRECC, Ann Arbor, MI USA. VA Med Ctr, Educ Serv, Minneapolis, MN USA. Polyclin Med Ctr, Dept Med, Harrisburg, PA USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Med, Farmington, CT USA. Mt Sinai Hosp, Dept Infect Control, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Erie Cty Med Ctr, Buffalo, NY USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Hosp Special Care, New Britain, CT USA. Hlth Canada, Lab Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. Sunnybrook & Womens Coll, Hlth Sci Ctr, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Loeb, M (reprint author), Hamilton Hlth Sci Corp, 711 Concess St,Henderson Gen Hosp Site, Hamilton, ON L8V 1C3, Canada. RI mcgeer, allison /H-7747-2014 OI mcgeer, allison /0000-0001-5647-6137 NR 33 TC 147 Z9 149 U1 1 U2 10 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 22 IS 2 BP 120 EP 124 DI 10.1086/501875 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 401NQ UT WOS:000166934300014 PM 11232875 ER PT J AU Collins, JF AF Collins, JF TI Stress and gut inflammation: The perception becomes reality SO INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES LA English DT Article C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Portland, OR USA. RP Collins, JF (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Portland, OR USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-0998 J9 INFLAMM BOWEL DIS JI Inflamm. Bowel Dis. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 7 IS 1 BP 80 EP 81 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 402VH UT WOS:000167008500017 ER PT J AU Aarsland, D Cummings, JL Larsen, JP AF Aarsland, D Cummings, JL Larsen, JP TI Neuropsychiatric differences between Parkinson's disease with dementia and Alzheimer's disease SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE Parkinson's disease; dementia; neuropsychiatric symptoms; Alzheimer's disease ID PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY; EXPLICIT MEMORY; LEWY BODIES; HUNTINGTONS; IMPAIRMENT; DISORDERS; DIAGNOSIS; SYMPTOMS; SIGNS AB Objective. To compare the profile of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Design. Cross-sectional survey of a population-based sample of patients with PDD and AD patients matched for age, sex, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Method. Patients were diagnosed according to published criteria for PD and AD. The diagnosis of dementia in PD was made according to DSM-III-R, and was based on clinical interview of the patient and a relative, psychometric testing (including MMSE, Dementia Rating Scale and tests assessing memory, executive functions and visuospatial functioning) and physical examination. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was administered to all patients. Results. One or more psychiatric symptoms was reported in 95% of AD and 83% of PDD patients. Hallucinations were more severe in PD patients, while aberrant motor behavior, agitation, disinhibition, irritability, euphoria, and apathy were more severe in AD. In PDD, apathy was more common in mild Hoehn and Yahr stages, while delusions increased with more severe motor and cognitive disturbances. In PDD, only delusions correlated with the MMSE score. Conclusions. Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common and severe in patients with PDD, with important implications for the management of these patients. AD and PDD patients have different neuropsychiatric profiles, suggesting different underlying mechanisms. Cognitive impairment, psychopathology, and motor features progress independently in PDD patients Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley Br Sons, Ltd. C1 Rogaland Psychiat Hosp, Geriatr Psychiat Serv, N-4095 Stavanger, Norway. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Behav Neurosci Sect, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Rogaland Psychiat Hosp, Dept Neurol, N-4095 Stavanger, Norway. RP Aarsland, D (reprint author), Rogaland Psychiat Hosp, Geriatr Psychiat Serv, PO 1163 Hillevag, N-4095 Stavanger, Norway. OI Aarsland, Dag/0000-0001-6314-216X FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 16570] NR 43 TC 77 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6230 J9 INT J GERIATR PSYCH JI Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 16 IS 2 BP 184 EP 191 DI 10.1002/1099-1166(200102)16:2<184::AID-GPS304>3.0.CO;2-K PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 401RC UT WOS:000166941200009 PM 11241724 ER PT J AU Verma, S Orengo, CA Kunik, ME Hale, D Molinari, VA AF Verma, S Orengo, CA Kunik, ME Hale, D Molinari, VA TI Tolerability and effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics in male geriatric inpatients SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE olanzapine; risperidone; geriatric; psychosis; tolerability AB Background. The atypical antipsychotics are gradually becoming the mainstay of treatment for psychosis in the elderly. The present study examines the effectiveness and tolerability of risperidone and olanzapine treatment in 34 matched male patients admitted to a VA Medical Center geriatric inpatient unit. Methods. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS), the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI), the Rating Scale for Side-Effects, the Extra-Pyramidal Rating Scale, and the Mini-Mental State Examination were administered at admission and discharge. Results. T-tests at admission and discharge across groups indicate that the patients as a whole were performing significantly better following their stay on the CMAI (t(30)=4.31, p=0.000), the GAF (t(31)=9.73, p=0.000), the PANSS total score (t(29)=3.82, p=0.001), and the positive symptom portion of the PANSS (t(28)=4.29, p=0.000). Conclusions. No significant differences were detected between the two groups with regard to length of hospitalization, or reduction in scores on the PANSS, or CMAI, however the daily cost of risperidone was 1/3 as much as olanzapine (p=0.00). The two treatments were comparable in the elderly men evaluated in this study. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Houston, TX USA. Vet Integrated Serv Network 16, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, New York, NY USA. VAMC, Houston Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, Houston, TX USA. Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA. VAMC, Psychiat Serv, Houston, TX USA. RP Orengo, CA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6230 J9 INT J GERIATR PSYCH JI Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 16 IS 2 BP 223 EP 227 DI 10.1002/1099-1166(200102)16:2<223::AID-GPS323>3.0.CO;2-R PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 401RC UT WOS:000166941200014 PM 11241729 ER PT J AU Chae, JH Nahas, Z Li, XB George, MS AF Chae, JH Nahas, Z Li, XB George, MS TI Transcranial magnetic stimulation in psychiatry: research and therapeutic applications SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX; RESISTANT MAJOR DEPRESSION; RTMS IMPROVES MOOD; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; NEUROPSYCHIATRIC TOOL; SCHIZOPHRENIA; EXCITABILITY; EPILEPSY; TMS; RESPONSES AB Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a new, non-invasive procedure where a localized pulsed magnetic field to the surface of the head depolarizes underlying superficial neurons. The magnetic field is generated by passing powerful, brief electrical currents through a conducting coil, held close to the scalp. This electrically generated magnetic field passes unimpeded through the skull (transcranial) and is focused in the cortex (stimulation). The earliest research uses of TMS were in neurology, where TMS was used to examine central and peripheral nerve conduction as well as to study motor cortex. More recently, this technology has been widely used to map various brain functions such as visual information processing, language, memory, emotion, and movement. The ability to excite or inhibit local areas of the brain has raised the possibility of whether TMS might be a novel therapeutic tool for various psychiatric disorders. Here we review the methodology of TMS and its emerging research and therapeutic applications in psychiatry. C1 Catholic Univ Korea, Dept Psychiat, Seoul, South Korea. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. RP Chae, JH (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Inst Psychiat & Behav Sci, Funct Neuroimaging Div, POB 250861,Room 502 N,67 President St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU CARFAX PUBLISHING PI BASINGSTOKE PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0954-0261 J9 INT REV PSYCHIATR JI Int. Rev. Psych. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 13 IS 1 BP 18 EP 23 DI 10.1080/09540260020024150 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 415AV UT WOS:000167699100004 ER PT J AU Nguyen, ADK Sanchez, H AF Nguyen, ADK Sanchez, H TI Expression of an Alt a 1 subunit in Pichia pastoris SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 69 BP S20 EP S21 PG 2 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172300070 ER PT J AU Nguyen, R Yusin, J Klaustermeyer, WB Katz, RM AF Nguyen, R Yusin, J Klaustermeyer, WB Katz, RM TI Hypersensitivity reaction to allopurinol: Successful skin testing and desensitization SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles Hosp, W Los Angeles VA, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 29 BP S9 EP S9 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172300030 ER PT J AU Sanchez, H AF Sanchez, H TI Pulmonary responses in an animal model of Alternaria sensitivity SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 173 BP S50 EP S50 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172300173 ER PT J AU Yu, FC Gibbon, GW Klaustermeyer, WB AF Yu, FC Gibbon, GW Klaustermeyer, WB TI Severe refractory atopic dermatitis responsive to a short course of low-dose cyclosporin SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Greater Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 107 IS 2 SU S MA 252 BP S75 EP S75 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 405RE UT WOS:000167172300252 ER PT J AU Lee, EW Kim, HT AF Lee, EW Kim, HT TI Early fatigue failures of cemented, forged, cobalt-chromium femoral stems at the neck-shoulder junction SO JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY LA English DT Article DE hip arthroplasty; femoral component; fracture; laser arching ID TOTAL HIP-REPLACEMENT; COMPONENT; FRACTURE AB Femoral component fracture is a rare bur well-documented complication after total hip arthroplasty, Historically, most stem fractures have occurred at the middle third of the implant, where proximal stem loosening and solid distal stem fixation result in cantilever bending and eventual fatigue failure. In contrast, we report 2 early fatigue failures of well-positioned, well-fixed, cemented, forged, cobalt-chromium femoral components at the neck-shoulder junction. A contributing factor to the implant failures was heavy laser etching in a region of the implant subjected to high stresses, leading to decreased fatigue resistance and subsequent fracture. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Sect, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Kim, HT (reprint author), 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 8 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE INC MEDICAL PUBLISHERS PI PHILADELPHIA PA CURTIS CENTER, INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0883-5403 J9 J ARTHROPLASTY JI J. Arthroplast. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 16 IS 2 BP 236 EP 238 DI 10.1054/arth.2001.20542 PG 3 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 400PA UT WOS:000166879600016 PM 11222901 ER PT J AU Graham, SH Chen, J AF Graham, SH Chen, J TI Programmed cell death in cerebral ischemia SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM LA English DT Review DE AIF; bcl-2; caspases; Fas; mitochondria ID INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA CONVERTING-ENZYME; APOPTOSIS-INDUCING FACTOR; HIPPOCAMPAL CA1 NEURONS; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; CYTOCHROME-C RELEASE; GLOBAL-ISCHEMIA; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; ARTERY OCCLUSION; RAT-BRAIN; BCL-X AB Programmed cell death (PCD) is an ordered and tightly controlled set of changes in gene expression and protein activity that results in neuronal cell death during brain development. This article reviews the molecular pathways by which PCD is executed in mammalian cells and the potential relation of these pathways to pathologic neuronal cell death. Whereas the classical patterns of apoptotic morphologic change often do not appear in the brain after ischemia, there is emerging biochemical and pharmacologic evidence suggesting a role for PCD in ischemic brain injury. The most convincing evidence for the induction of PCD after ischemia includes the altered expression and activity in the ischemic brain of deduced key death-regulatory genes. Furthermore, studies have shown that alterations in the activity of these gene products by peptide inhibitors, viral vector-mediated gene transfer. antisense oligonucleotides, or transgenic mouse techniques determine, at least in part, whether ischemic neurons live or die after stroke. These studies provide strong support for the hypothesis that PCD contributes to neuronal cell death caused by ischemic injury. However, many questions remain regarding the precise pathways that initiate, sense, and transmit cell death signals in ischemic neurons and the molecular mechanisms by which neuronal cell death is executed at different stages of ischemic injury. Elucidation of these pathways and mechanisms may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for brain injury after stroke and related neurologic disorders. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Graham, SH (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, 526 S BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS36736, NS35965, NS37459] NR 85 TC 333 Z9 369 U1 2 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-678X J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 21 IS 2 BP 99 EP 109 DI 10.1097/00004647-200102000-00001 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 399XK UT WOS:000166839400001 PM 11176275 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, CW Petrie, EC Murray, SR Colasurdo, EA Raskind, MA Peskind, ER AF Wilkinson, CW Petrie, EC Murray, SR Colasurdo, EA Raskind, MA Peskind, ER TI Human glucocorticoid feedback inhibition is reduced in older individuals: Evening study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; DEXAMETHASONE SUPPRESSION TEST; CORTISOL SUPPRESSION; PLASMA-CORTISOL; CIRCADIAN RHYTHMICITY; NORMAL VOLUNTEERS; RAT-BRAIN; AGE; GENDER; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN AB We have previously shown that when tested in the morning, older men and women, pretreated with metyrapone to block endogenous cortisol synthesis, exhibit delayed suppression of plasma ACTH in response to cortisol infusion. To confirm this finding and to determine whether aging-related changes in feedback responsiveness are exaggerated near the time of the circadian nadir in adrenocortical secretion, we performed a similar study in the evening. Healthy young (20-35 yr, n = 22) and old (>65 yr, n = 21) men and women were administered metyrapone orally (750 mg) at 1600 and 1900 h, followed by a cortisol infusion of 0.06 mg/kg/h for 150 min. Blood samples were taken at 15-min intervals for 4 h following infusion onset for measurement of plasma ACTH, cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, and corticosteroid binding globulin. When corrections were made for differences in circulating cortisol concentrations achieved among age and gender subgroups, feedback inhibition of ACTH was found to be significantly greater in young than in old subjects of both genders. Our studies support the hypothesis that glucocorticoid responses to stress in aging individuals are likely to be prolonged due to blunted and delayed inhibition of ACTH secretion, thus increasing the total exposure to glucocorticoids. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC 182B, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Wilkinson, CW (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC 182B, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM wilkinso@u.washington.edu NR 50 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 86 IS 2 BP 545 EP 550 DI 10.1210/jc.86.2.545 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 402TU UT WOS:000167004900017 PM 11158007 ER PT J AU Nucci, M Akiti, T Barreiros, G Silveira, F Revankar, SG Sutton, DA Patterson, TF AF Nucci, M Akiti, T Barreiros, G Silveira, F Revankar, SG Sutton, DA Patterson, TF TI Nosocomial fungemia due to Exophiala jeanselmei var. jeanselmei and a Rhinocladiella species: Newly described causes of bloodstream infection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMBULATORY PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; CATHETER-ASSOCIATED FUNGEMIA; DERMATITIDIS; PATIENT; FUNGI; PATHOGENS AB Fungi have become increasingly important causes of nosocomial bloodstream infections. The major cause of nosocomial fungemia has been Candida spp, but increasingly molds and other yeasts have caused disease. Exophiala jeanselmei and members of the genus Rhinocladiella are dematiaceous moulds, which have been infrequently associated with systemic infection and have not been described as causes of fungemia. In this paper, the occurrence of 23, cases of fungemia due to these organisms over a 10-month period is reported and the clinical characteristics of patients and outcomes are described. The majority of patients were immunosuppressed; 21 of 23 (91%) had received blood products and 78% had a central venous catheter, All patients had at least one manifestation of fever, but only one patient had signs or symptoms suggesting deep-seated infection. Antifungal therapy was given to 19 of the 23 patients; of those who did not receive therapy, 3 died prior to the culture result and 1 had been discharged without therapy. Antifungal susceptibility of the organisms showed activity of amphotericin B, itraconazole, and the new triazole antifungals voriconazole and posaconazole. E. jeanselmei and Rhinocladiella species are potential causes of nosocomial fungemia and may be associated with systemic infection. C1 Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Hosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho, Mycol Lab, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Nucci, M (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Hosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho, Mycol Lab, Av Brigadeiro Trompovsky S-N, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RI Nucci, Marcio/G-4515-2012 OI Nucci, Marcio/0000-0003-4867-0014 NR 31 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 39 IS 2 BP 514 EP 518 DI 10.1128/JCM.39.2.514-518.2001 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 398VA UT WOS:000166776100015 PM 11158099 ER PT J AU Korzets, A Weinberger, M Chagnac, A Goldschmied-Reouven, A Rinaldi, MG Sutton, DA AF Korzets, A Weinberger, M Chagnac, A Goldschmied-Reouven, A Rinaldi, MG Sutton, DA TI Peritonitis due to Thermoascus taitungiacus (anamorph Paecilomyces taitungiacus) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUNGAL PERITONITIS; VARIOTII INFECTION; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; DIALYSIS; PATIENT; LILACINUS; IDENTIFICATION; TAIWAN; MOLD AB The first case of human disease due to the thermophilic ascomycete Thermoascus taitungiacus (the teleomorph of Paecilomyces taitungiacus) is presented. T. taitungiacus was recovered from four dialysate fluid specimens of a 57-year-old patient undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis. Identification was based upon cylindrical conidia, reddish orange nonostiolate ascomata, lack of growth at 20 degreesC, thermotolerance, and ascospores that appeared pale yellow, elliptical, thick walled, and predominately echinulate by light microscopy but irregularly verrucose by scanning electron microscopy. C1 Rabin Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med & Infect Dis C, IL-49100 Petah Tiqwa, Israel. Rabin Med Ctr, Dept Nephrol, IL-49100 Petah Tiqwa, Israel. Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Mycol Unit, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, Ramat Aviv, Israel. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Fungus Testing Lab, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Weinberger, M (reprint author), Rabin Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med & Infect Dis C, Beilinson Campus, IL-49100 Petah Tiqwa, Israel. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 39 IS 2 BP 720 EP 724 DI 10.1128/JCM.39.2.720-724.2001 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 398VA UT WOS:000166776100050 PM 11158134 ER PT J AU Caroff, SN Campbell, EC Havey, JC Sullivan, KA Katz, IR Mann, SC AF Caroff, SN Campbell, EC Havey, JC Sullivan, KA Katz, IR Mann, SC TI Treatment of tardive dyskinesia with donepezil SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Caroff, SN (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD FEB PY 2001 VL 62 IS 2 BP 128 EP 129 PG 2 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 407RH UT WOS:000167284200015 PM 11247101 ER PT J AU Cook, RL Sereika, SM Hunt, SC Woodward, WC Erlen, JA Conigliaro, J AF Cook, RL Sereika, SM Hunt, SC Woodward, WC Erlen, JA Conigliaro, J TI Problem drinking and medication adherence among persons with HIV infection SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 29-MAY 01, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Gen Internal Med DE adherence; alcohol; HIV infection ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; HEALTH; DISEASE; USERS AB OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between problem drinking and medication adherence among persons with HIV infection, DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred twelve persons with HN infection who visited 2 outpatient clinics between December 1997 and February 1998. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Nineteen percent of subjects reported problem drinking during the previous month, 14% missed at least 1 dose of medication within the previous 24 hours, and 30% did not take their medications as scheduled during the previous week. Problem drinkers were slightly more likely to report a missed dose (17% vs 12%, P =.38] and significantly more likely to report taking medicines off schedule (45% vs 26%, P =.02). Among drinking subtypes, taking medications off schedule was significantly associated with both heavy drinking (high quantity/frequency) (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 4.70: 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.49 to 14.84; P<.05) and hazardous drinking (adjusted OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.07 to 6.53: P<.05), Problem drinkers were more likely to report missing medications because of forgetting (48% vs 35%, P =.10), running out of medications (15% vs 8%, P =.18), and consuming alcohol or drugs (26% vs 3%, P <.001). CONCLUSION: Problem drinking is associated with decreased medication adherence, particularly with taking medications off schedule during the previous week. Clinicians should assess for alcohol problems, link alcohol use severity to potential adherence problems. and monitor outcomes in both alcohol consumption and medication adherence. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Ctr Res Chron Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Bornemann Internal Med, Reading, PA USA. RP Cook, RL (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Ctr Res Chron Disorders, E820 UPMC Montefiore,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 35 TC 169 Z9 173 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 16 IS 2 BP 83 EP 88 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.00122.x PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 406VE UT WOS:000167236100002 PM 11251758 ER PT J AU Melby, PC Chandrasekar, B Zhao, WG Coe, JE AF Melby, PC Chandrasekar, B Zhao, WG Coe, JE TI The hamster as a model of human visceral leishmaniasis: Progressive disease and impaired generation of nitric oxide in the face of a prominent Th1-like cytokine response SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; TRANSFORMING-GROWTH-FACTOR; ACUTE CHAGASIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; DEPENDENT KILLING MECHANISM; IFN-GAMMA; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; L-ARGININE; KALA-AZAR; IN-VIVO; ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES AB Active human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is characterized by a progressive increase in visceral parasite burden, cachexia, massive splenomegaly, and hypergammaglobulinemia. In contrast, mice infected with Leishmania donovani, the most commonly studied model of VL, do not develop overt, progressive disease. Furthermore, mice control Leishmania infection through the generation of NO, an effector mechanism that does not have a clear role in human macrophage antimicrobial function. Remarkably, infection of the Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) with L. donovani reproduced the clinicopathological features of human VL, and investigation into the mechanisms of disease in the hamster revealed striking differences from the murine model. Uncontrolled parasite replication in the hamster liver, spleen, and bone marrow occurred despite a strong Th1-like cytokine (IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF/lymphotoxin) response in these organs, suggesting impairment of macrophage effector function. Indeed, throughout the course of infection, inducible NO synthase (iNOS, NOS2) mRNA or enzyme activity in liver or spleen tissue was not detected. In contrast, NOS2 mRNA and enzyme activity was readily detected in the spleens of infected mice. The impaired hamster NOS2 expression could not be explained by an absence of the NOS2 gene, overproduction of IL-4, defective TNF/lymphotoxin production (a potent second signal for NOS2 induction), or early dominant production of the deactivating cytokines IL-10 and TGF-beta. Thus, although a Th1-like cytokine response was prominent, the major antileishmanial effector mechanism that is responsible for control of infection in mice was absent throughout the course of progressive VL in the hamster. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NIAID, Persistent Viral Dis Lab, Rocky Mt Labs, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA. RP Melby, PC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 54 TC 150 Z9 153 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 166 IS 3 BP 1912 EP 1920 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 396EE UT WOS:000166622700061 PM 11160239 ER PT J AU Call, SA Saag, MS Westfall, AO Raper, JL Pham, SV Tolson, JM Hellmann, NS Cloud, GA Johnson, VA AF Call, SA Saag, MS Westfall, AO Raper, JL Pham, SV Tolson, JM Hellmann, NS Cloud, GA Johnson, VA TI Phenotypic drug susceptibility testing predicts long-term virologic suppression better than treatment history in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) CY SEP 26-29, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA ID PROTEASE INHIBITOR THERAPY; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; RESISTANCE MUTATIONS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; SALVAGE THERAPY; HIV-INFECTION; ZIDOVUDINE; FAILURE; LAMIVUDINE AB To assess the value of phenotypic drug susceptibility testing as a predictor of antiretroviral treatment response in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected people, drug susceptibility testing was performed retrospectively on plasma samples collected at baseline in a cohort of 86 antiretroviral-experienced, HIV-infected people experiencing treatment failure and initiating a new antiretroviral treatment regimen. Two separate criteria for reduced drug susceptibility were evaluated. In multivariate analyses, phenotypic susceptibility was an independent predictor of time to treatment failure (adjusted hazards ratio [HR], 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55-0.90; and adjusted HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61-0.95, with reduced drug susceptibility cutoffs defined as 4.0-fold and 2.5-fold higher than reference virus IC50 values, respectively). Previous protease inhibitor experience was also a significant independent predictor. Notably, drug susceptibility predicted on the basis of treatment history alone was not predictive of time to treatment failure. In this cohort, phenotypic testing results enhanced the ability to predict sustained long-term suppression of virus load. C1 Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Biostat Unit, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Glaxo Wellcome Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. ViroLogic, S San Francisco, CA USA. RP Johnson, VA (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, THT 229,1530 3rd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI40876, P30 AI37767, AI32775] NR 33 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 183 IS 3 BP 401 EP 408 DI 10.1086/318078 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 390DG UT WOS:000166280000006 PM 11133371 ER PT J AU Gulley, ML AF Gulley, ML TI Molecular diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus-related diseases SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Review ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; POSTTRANSPLANTATION LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; SMALL RNAS; INFECTIOUS-MONONUCLEOSIS; IMMUNOCOMPETENT PATIENTS AB Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the causative agent of Infectious mononucleosis, and it may also be found in a wide variety of benign and malignant lesions including oral hairy leukoplakia, inflammatory pseudotumor, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and gastric carcinoma. Molecular testing is increasingly Important in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients affected by these diseases. In biopsy tissues, molecular detection of EBV-encoded RNA transcripts by in situ hybridization remains the gold standard for proving that a histopathological lesion is EBV-related, EBV-encoded RNA hybridization and EBV LMP1 immunostains are used routinely to detect latent EBV in tissues affected try posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) or in enlarged nodes from patients with infectious mononucleosis. Traditional serology is the best test for evaluating acute versus remote infection in healthy individuals. High serological titers serve as a tumor marker for some EBV-related malignancies, but titers are not a dependable tumor marker in Immunocompromised hosts. EBV viral load testing by quantitative DNA amplification of blood samples Is a promising new laboratory test that has proven useful for early diagnosis and monitoring patients with PTLD, Recent studies suggest a role for EBV viral load testing in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Hodgkin's disease, and AIDS patients with brain lymphoma. Further research is needed to define more fully the clinical utility of viral load tests In the full spectrum of EBV-associated diseases. Gene expression profiling Is on the horizon as a means to improve subclassification of EBV-related diseases and to predict response to therapy. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Gulley, ML (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 71 TC 130 Z9 141 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 1525-1578 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 3 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/S1525-1578(10)60642-3 PG 10 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 401GN UT WOS:000166920000001 PM 11227065 ER PT J AU Brown, AM Sheu, RKF Mohs, R Haroutunian, V Blass, JP AF Brown, AM Sheu, RKF Mohs, R Haroutunian, V Blass, JP TI Correlation of the clinical severity of Alzheimer's disease with an aberration in mitochondrial DNA (antDNA) SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer; CO1; mitochondria; mtDNA; neurodegeneration; pathogenesis ID KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX; AMYLOID BETA-PEPTIDE; HUMAN NUCLEAR GENOME; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; RAT-BRAIN; OXIDATIVE DAMAGE; MUTATIONS; DEMENTIA; ABNORMALITIES; METABOLISM AB Controversy exists about which of the well-established neurobiological abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease (AD) relate directly to the clinical disabilities. Because of an interest in the mitochondrial lesion in AD, we tested the correlation between clinical disability (measured by the Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR] scale) and an anomaly in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in AD brain. Simultaneous polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the CO1 gene in mtDNA and CO1 pseudogenes in nuclear DNA (nDNA) were performed in samples from AD and non-AD brain, and the ratios of mtDNA/nDNA amplicons calculated. This approach utilizes PCR amplification of endogenous nDNA as a normalization standard for the amplification of mtDNA. We examined total DNA from the brains of Caucasian residents of a Jewish nursing home (86 AD and 26 non-AD "controls"). These patients had been closely followed clinically until death and then autopsied. In this sample, the degree of cognitive impairment in the AD patients correlated with the reduction in the amplification of the mtDNA gene (rho = 0.23; p = 0.034), but not with the density of neuritic plaques (p = 0.109). These results agree with the suggestion that the well-documented impairment in brain-energy metabolism in AD may be a direct cause of the clinical disability. C1 Burke Med Res Inst, Dementia Res Serv, White Plains, NY 10605 USA. Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Biochem, New York, NY 10021 USA. Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Neurol & Neurosci, New York, NY 10021 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Med, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Blass, JP (reprint author), Burke Med Res Inst, Dementia Res Serv, 785 Mamaroneck Ave, White Plains, NY 10605 USA. NR 41 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0895-8696 J9 J MOL NEUROSCI JI J. Mol. Neurosci. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 16 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1385/JMN:16:1:41 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 429NW UT WOS:000168524700005 PM 11345519 ER PT J AU Hagerty, T Morgan, WW Elango, N Strong, R AF Hagerty, T Morgan, WW Elango, N Strong, R TI Identification of a glucocorticoid-responsive element in the promoter region of the mouse tyrosine hydroxylase gene SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE gene promoter; gene transcription; glucocorticoid response element; tyrosine hydroxylase ID PC12 PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA CELLS; DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE; THYMIDINE KINASE GENE; CYCLIC-AMP; MEMBRANE DEPOLARIZATION; MESSENGER-RNAS; RECEPTOR; TRANSCRIPTION; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION AB it has been known for nearly 30 years that glucocorticoid receptor stimulation induces increased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene expression. However, the mechanism mediating this effect has remained elusive. Sequences with homology to known glucocorticoid-responsive elements (GRE) have been identified in the 5' flanking region of the TH gene of several vertebrate species, but none has been shown to be functional. To identify the GRE element(s) in the TH promoter, we generated chimeric constructs in which different lengths of the 5' flanking sequences of the mouse TH gene (3.6, 1.1 and 0.8 kb) were ligated to a luciferase reporter gene. Dexamethasone treatment increased luciferase expression only in cells transiently transfected with the construct containing 3.6 kb of the TH 5' flanking DNA. Go-administration of mifepristone (RU486), a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, blocked this effect. We identified a TH-GRE sequence (5'-GGCACAGTGTGGTCT) in the mouse 5' flanking DNA between -2435 and -2421 from the transcription start. Responsiveness to dexamethasone was lost following deletion of this sequence. To determine the ability of this element to function in a heterologous promoter, we prepared a chimeric construct in which the TH-GRE sequence was cloned just upstream of a minimal thymidine kinase (TK) promoter. Promoter activity was increased 2-fold in dexamethasone-treated PC12 cells transfected with the TH-GRE-TK construct. These results provide strong evidence that the 15 base-pair sequence in the 5' flanking DNA of the mouse TH gene functions as a glucocorticoid response element. This is the first report identifying a functional glucocorticoid response element in the promoter region of the TH gene of any species. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Educ & Clin Ctr 182, Dept Geriatr Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Strong, R (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Educ & Clin Ctr 182, Dept Geriatr Med, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 52543] NR 34 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 76 IS 3 BP 825 EP 834 DI 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00072.x PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 397UG UT WOS:000166715300021 PM 11158254 ER PT J AU Krakauer, JW Pine, ZM Ghilardi, MF Ghez, C AF Krakauer, JW Pine, ZM Ghilardi, MF Ghez, C TI Learning of visuomotor transformations for vectorial planning of reaching trajectories (vol 20, pg 8916, 2000) SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Correction DE vectorial planning; motor learning; visuomotor transformations; reaching movements; psychophysics; generalization ID ARM MOVEMENTS; MOTOR; DIRECTION; ERRORS; ADAPTATION; VARIABILITY; ACCURACY; BIASES; SPACE AB The planning of visually guided reaches is accomplished by independent specification of extent and direction. We investigated whether this separation of extent and direction planning for well practiced movements could be explained by differences in the adaptation to extent and directional errors during motor learning. We compared the time course and generalization of adaptation with two types of screen cursor transformation that altered the relationship between hand space and screen space. The first was a gain change that induced extent errors and required subjects to learn a new scaling factor. The second was a screen cursor rotation that induced directional errors and required subjects to learn new reference axes. Subjects learned a new scaling factor at the same rate when training with one or multiple target distances, whereas learning new reference axes took longer and was less complete when training with multiple compared with one target direction. After training to a single target, subjects were able to transfer learning of a new scaling factor to previously unvisited distances and directions. In contrast, generalization of rotation adaptation was incomplete; there was transfer across distances and arm configurations but not across directions. Learning a rotated reference frame only occurred after multiple target directions were sampled during training. These results suggest the separate processing of extent and directional errors by the brain and support the idea that reaching movements are planned as a hand-centered vector whose extent and direction are established via learning a scaling factor and reference axes. C1 Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, New York State Psychiat Inst, Ctr Neurobiol & Behav, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Neurol, New York, NY 10032 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Aging, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Adm Med Ctr, Div Geriatr, San Francisco, CA USA. CNR, INB, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Ghez, C (reprint author), Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, New York State Psychiat Inst, Ctr Neurobiol & Behav, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY 10032 USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP A1 EP A9 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 398WF UT WOS:000166778900039 ER PT J AU Kusumoto, W Raitt, MH AF Kusumoto, W Raitt, MH TI Atrial electrical remodeling following cardioversion of atrial fibrillation in humans SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 SU A BP 102A EP 102A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 401EM UT WOS:000166914400468 ER PT J AU Ansari, MN Tutar, A Bullard, J Teerlink, JR Massie, BM AF Ansari, MN Tutar, A Bullard, J Teerlink, JR Massie, BM TI Heart failure in a veteran cohort: Predictors of outcome SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 San Francisco VAMC, San Francisco, CA USA. UCSF, San Francisco, CA USA. RI Teerlink, John/D-2986-2012 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 SU A BP 158A EP 158A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 401EM UT WOS:000166914400721 ER PT J AU Nemoto, S DeFreitas, G Mann, DL Carabello, BA AF Nemoto, S DeFreitas, G Mann, DL Carabello, BA TI Which contractile index is most sensitive in examining murine cardiac contractility? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 SU A BP 216A EP 216A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 401EM UT WOS:000166914400986 ER PT J AU Kapadia, SR Martin, GV Flores, JR Anderson, RV Caldwell, JH Lehmann, KG AF Kapadia, SR Martin, GV Flores, JR Anderson, RV Caldwell, JH Lehmann, KG TI Isolated left main trunk stenosis: How common is it? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 SU A BP 375A EP 375A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 401EM UT WOS:000166914401722 ER PT J AU Zabalgoitia, M Erikson, J Oraby, MA Delgado, A AF Zabalgoitia, M Erikson, J Oraby, MA Delgado, A TI Myocardial contrast echocardiography in conjunction with dipyridamole thallium SPECT in assessing myocardial perfusion in patients with suspected coronary artery disease SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 37 IS 2 SU A BP 411A EP 411A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 401EM UT WOS:000166914401873 ER PT J AU Shrager, JB Kim, DK Hashmi, YJ Lankford, EB Wahl, P Stedman, HH Levine, S Kaiser, LR AF Shrager, JB Kim, DK Hashmi, YJ Lankford, EB Wahl, P Stedman, HH Levine, S Kaiser, LR TI Lung volume reduction surgery restores the normal diaphragmatic length-tension relationship in emphysematous rats SO JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 80th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Thoracic-Surgery CY APR 30-MAY 03, 2000 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Amer Assoc Thorac Surg ID RESPIRATORY MUSCLE FUNCTION; ELASTASE-INDUCED EMPHYSEMA; HAMSTERS; DYSPNEA; ADAPTABILITY; IMPROVEMENT; MECHANICS; EXERCISE; DISEASE; RECOIL AB Objective: Improved respiratory muscle function is a major effect of a lung volume reduction surgery. We studied length adaptation in rat diaphragmatic muscle in an attempt to elucidate the mechanism by which diaphragmatic function improves after this controversial operation. Methods: We developed a model of elastase-induced emphysema and bilateral volume reduction through median sternotomy in rats. Five months after emphysema induction, maximum exchangeable lung volume was determined in intubated and anesthetized control animals and animals with emphysema. Costal diaphragmatic length was measured in vivo, and the length at which maximal twitch force is generated was determined on muscle strips in vitro, Also 5 months after elastase administration, another cohort underwent volume reduction or sham sternotomy. Five months after the operation, these animals were similarly studied. Results: Lung volume was increased in emphysematous rats versus control rats (50.9 +/- 1.7 vs 45.4 +/- 1.3 mL, P = 001). Lung volume was decreased in emphysematous animals that had undergone volume reduction versus sham sternotomy (44.7 +/- 0.60 vs 49.4 +/- 1.0 mL, P = .001). In situ diaphragm length (1.99 +/- 0.04 vs 2.24 +/- 0.07 cm, P = .001) and the length at which maximal twitch force is generated (2.25 +/- 0.06 vs 2.48 +/- 0.09 cm, P = .038) were shorter in emphysematous than control animals. After volume reduction, in situ diaphragm length (2.13 +/- 0.06 vs 1.83 +/- 0.02 cm, P < .001) and the length at which maximal twitch force is generated (2.50 0.08 vs 2.27 +/- 0.06 cm, P = .013) were longer than in animals undergoing sham sternotomy. Conclusions: In this experimental model of emphysema and lung volume reduction surgery, emphysema shortens the length at which maximal twitch force is generated and shifts the diaphragmatic length-tension curve to lower lengths; volume reduction returns the length at which maximal twitch force is generated toward normal and shifts the diaphragmatic length-tension curve back to longer lengths. This restoration toward normal physiology may enable the improvement in diaphragmatic function seen after lung volume reduction surgery. The mechanism by which these length adaptations occur merits further investigation. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Sect Gen Thorac Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Penn Muscle Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Philadelphia, PA USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Pathol Anat & Cell Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. RP Shrager, JB (reprint author), Hosp Univ Penn, 6 Silverstein Pavil,3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-5223 J9 J THORAC CARDIOV SUR JI J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 121 IS 2 BP 217 EP 224 DI 10.1067/mtc.2001.111208 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA 402XW UT WOS:000167014300006 PM 11174726 ER PT J AU Castle, SC Uyemura, K Makinodan, T AF Castle, SC Uyemura, K Makinodan, T TI The SENIEUR Protocol after 16 years: a need for a paradigm shift? SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE SENIEUR Protocol; aging; immunosenescence; chronic illness C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Geriatr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Castle, SC (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Mail Code 11G,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing Dev. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 122 IS 2 BP 127 EP 130 DI 10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00238-4 PG 4 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 403FG UT WOS:000167031500003 PM 11166349 ER PT J AU Malone, DC Carter, BL Billups, SJ Valuck, RJ Barnette, DJ Sintek, CD Okano, GJ Ellis, S Covey, D Mason, B Jue, S Carmichael, J Guthrie, K Sloboda, L Dombrowski, R Geraets, DR Amato, AG AF Malone, DC Carter, BL Billups, SJ Valuck, RJ Barnette, DJ Sintek, CD Okano, GJ Ellis, S Covey, D Mason, B Jue, S Carmichael, J Guthrie, K Sloboda, L Dombrowski, R Geraets, DR Amato, AG TI Can clinical pharmacists affect SF-36 scores in veterans at high risk for medication-related problems? SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE pharmaceutical care; quality of life; SF-36 ID HEALTH SURVEY SF-36; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PHARMACEUTICAL CARE; CONTROLLED TRIAL; HEART-FAILURE; MANAGEMENT; OUTCOMES; INTERVENTIONS; SELECTION; VALIDITY AB BACKGROUND. An objective of pharmaceutical care is for pharmacists to improve patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL) by optimizing medication therapy. OBJECTIVES. The objective of this study was to determine whether ambulatory care clinical pharmacists could affect HRQOL in veterans who were likely to experience a drug-related problem. RESEARCH DESIGN. This was a 9-site, randomized, controlled trial involving Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs), Patients were eligible if they met greater than or equal to3 criteria for being at high risk for drug-related problems. Enrolled patients were randomized to either usual medical care or usual medical care plus clinical pharmacist interventions. HRQOL was measured with the SF-36 questionnaire administered at baseline and at 6 and 12 months. RESULTS. In total, 1,054 patients were enrolled; 523 were randomized to intervention, and 531 to control. After patient age, site, and chronic disease score were controlled for, the only domain that was significantly different between groups over time was the bodily pain scale, which converged to similar values at the end of the study. Patients' rating; of the change in health status in the past 12 months was statistically different between groups, intervention patients declining less (-2.4 units) than control subjects (-6.3 units) (P < 0.004). This difference was not considered clinically meaningful. However, a dose-response relationship was observed for general health perceptions (P = 0.004), vitality (P = 0.006), and change in health over the past year (P = 0.007), CONCLUSIONS. These results suggest that clinical pharmacists had no significant impact on HRQOL as measured by the SF-36 for veterans at high risk for medication-related problems. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. STVHCS, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Arizona, Coll Pharm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Pharm, Denver, CO USA. Kaiser Permanente, Denver, CO USA. Costal Area Hlth Educ Ctr, Wilmington, NC USA. Denver VAMC, Denver, CO USA. Strateg Outcomes Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. James A Haley Veterans Hosp, Tampa, FL USA. Boise VAMC, Boise, ID USA. Reno VAMC, Reno, NV USA. John L McClellan Mem Veterans Hosp, Little Rock, AR USA. VA Chicago Hlth Care Syst, Lakeside Div, Chicago, IL USA. Baltimore VAMC, Baltimore, MD USA. Iowa City VAMC, Iowa City, IA USA. Massachusetts Coll Pharm & Hlth Sci, Boston, MA USA. RP Malone, DC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharm Practice & Sci, POB 210207, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 42 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD FEB PY 2001 VL 39 IS 2 BP 113 EP 122 DI 10.1097/00005650-200102000-00002 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 396TD UT WOS:000166651900002 PM 11176549 ER PT J AU Tan, G Jensen, MP Robinson-Whelen, S Thomby, JI Monga, TN AF Tan, G Jensen, MP Robinson-Whelen, S Thomby, JI Monga, TN TI Coping with chronic pain: a comparison of two measures SO PAIN LA English DT Article DE chronic pain; coping; depression; disability ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; STRATEGIES; ADJUSTMENT; DISABILITY; DEPRESSION; INVENTORY; VALIDITY AB Cognitive-behavioral models of chronic pain hypothesize that how a person copes with pain influences how well he or she adjusts to the pain. Several measures have been developed to assess pain coping, but no studies have yet examined whether these measures are complementary or redundant. In the current study, two pain coping measures (the Chronic Pain Coping Inventory, CPCI, and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, CSQ) were completed by a large number (N = 564) of primarily male veterans referred to a chronic pain program. Regression analyses indicated that the CPCI scales did not contribute unique Variance to the prediction of depression over and above the CSQ scales. The CSQ Catastrophizing scale was the single most powerful predictor of depression, although several other CSQ scales (Coping Self-Statements, Diverting Attention, and Increasing Behavioral Activities) also contributed. Both the CPCI and the CSQ contributed unique Variance to the prediction of disability, although the CPCI scales appear to be more strongly related to disability than the CSQ scales. The CPCI Guarding scale was the single most powerful predictor of disability of all the coping responses assessed in this study. Other scales predicting disability were the CPCI Seeking Social Support, the CSQ Catastrophizing, and the CSQ Increasing Behavioral Activities. While both CSQ and CPCI contribute unique but modest variance to the prediction of pain severity, the CSQ Catastrophizing scale was the single most powerful predictor of pain severity. The findings of this study are consistent with cognitive-behavioral models of pain. Future research will need to determine whether changes in coping responses (catastrophizing and guarding, in particular) merely reflect, or actually influence, adjustment to chronic pain. In the meantime, clinicians would be wise to give these coping responses particular attention in chronic pain programs. (C) 2001 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Tan, G (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 25 TC 84 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3959 J9 PAIN JI Pain PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 90 IS 1-2 BP 127 EP 133 DI 10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00395-X PG 7 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 406CY UT WOS:000167198400015 PM 11166978 ER PT J AU Meyer, JH Elashoff, JD AF Meyer, JH Elashoff, JD TI Dilutions of low- vs. high-fat diets on intakes and gastric volumes in rats SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE fat; sensation; satiety; gastric distension; compensation; adaptation ID FOOD-INTAKE; ENERGY-INTAKE; INTRAGASTRIC BALLOON; OBESE SUBJECTS; SOLID FOOD; SATIETY; WEIGHT; DENSITY; CARBOHYDRATE; ABSORPTION AB Rats adapt to changes in dietary energy to maintain nearly constant energy intakes. This regulation indicates that animals sense and respond to nutrient content. We sought to determine whether this response was affected by the fat content of the diet. Our second goal was to determine how energy dilution affected intragastric volumes. Rats were randomized to high (18% w/w) and low fat (4.5% w/w) as the energy density of the diet was altered from 2.0 to 3.5 kcal/g. Average energy intake during 7-h feeds rose steeply (P<.01) when density was increased from 2.0 to 3.0 kcal/g, but modestly as density increased from 3.0 to 3.5 kcal/g. In other rats on 18% vs. 32% fat diets, energy intakes increased significantly (P<.01) as density of the diet was raised from 3.5 to 4.5 kcal/g. During diets at 2.0 and 2.5 kcal/g, animals on 18% fat ate fewer kilocalories than those on 4.5% fat; but over 3.0-4.5 kcal/g, energy intake was;similar regardless of fat concentration (4.5-32%). Gastric contents after 7-h feeds increased with grams of food ingested similarly for high- and low-fat diets; We concluded that in rats: (a) compensation to energy dilution or concentration was inexact but (b) was about equal for high- vs, low-fat diets; thus, high fat was as well sensed as high carbohydrate; (c) compensations for energy densities were made despite varied gastric volumes;thus, rats learned to override the stimulus of gastric sh-etch and to sense energy via extra gastric mechanisms. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Biostat Core Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Meyer, JH (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Dept Med, Bldg 115,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 72 IS 3 BP 325 EP 337 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(00)00419-4 PG 13 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 413RT UT WOS:000167626300006 PM 11274674 ER PT J AU Kwabi-Addo, B Ropiquet, F Giri, D Ittmann, M AF Kwabi-Addo, B Ropiquet, F Giri, D Ittmann, M TI Alternative splicing of fibroblast growth factor receptors in human prostate cancer SO PROSTATE LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; fibroblast growth factor; fibroblast growth factor receptor; alternative splicing ID FGF RECEPTORS; CELL-LINES; EXPRESSION; FAMILY; SPECIFICITY; INHIBITION; INVASION; DOMAIN; GENES; IIIB AB BACKGROUND. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are known to play an important role in the growth of normal prostatic epithelial cells and may promote proliferation of neoplastic prostatic epithelial cells via autocrine or paracrine mechanisms. The affinity of FCFs for FGF receptors 1-3 is critically dependent on an alternative splicing event involving the coding region for the carboxy terminal portion of the third extracellular immunoglobulin-like domain that leads to two different isoforms of each receptor (IIIb and IIIc). We therefore sought to determine whether changes in alternative splicing of FGF receptors occur in human prostate cancer. METHODS. RNAs from normal prostate and clinically localized or metastatic prostate cancers were analyzed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by digestion of products with restriction enzymes specific for each FGF receptor isoform and quantitation of the relative amounts of each isoform after electrophoresis. For FGFR-2, this was correlated with immunohistochemistry to determine the localization of the protein product. RESULTS. FGFR-1 is expressed exclusively as the IIIc isoform in prostate cancer while FCFR-3 is expressed predominantly as the IIIb isoform, similar to the expression pattern in normal prostatic epithelial cells. In contrast, there was variable expression of the FGFR-2 IIIb and IIIc isoforms. In the majority of cases the FGFR-2 IIIb isoform was the predominant or exclusive isoform expressed, similar to normal epithelial cells, but in a subset of cases the IIIc isoform was increased, indicating a change in alternative splicing of FGFR-2 in some cases. CONCLUSIONS. In most cases of prostate cancer there are no changes in alternative splicing of FGF receptors, but in a subgroup there is increased expression of the FGFR-2 IIIc isoform. Given that the affinity of FGFs is highly dependent on the isoform of FGF receptor expressed, this information is critical in understanding the effects of FGFs on prostate cancer cells in vivo. Prostate 46:163-172, 2001. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Ittmann, M (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RI Kwabi-Addo, Bernard/A-6993-2016 OI Kwabi-Addo, Bernard/0000-0003-3692-6350 NR 31 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0270-4137 J9 PROSTATE JI Prostate PD FEB 1 PY 2001 VL 46 IS 2 BP 163 EP 172 DI 10.1002/1097-0045(20010201)46:2<163::AID-PROS1020>3.0.CO;2-T PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA 398JC UT WOS:000166752500009 PM 11170144 ER PT J AU Petrie, EC Peskind, ER Dobie, DJ Veith, RC Raskind, MA AF Petrie, EC Peskind, ER Dobie, DJ Veith, RC Raskind, MA TI Plasma catecholamine and cardiovascular responses to physostigmine in Alzheimer's disease and aging SO PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's; aging; norepinephrine; epinephrine; physostigmine; blood pressure ID CENTRAL CHOLINERGIC STIMULATION; ADRENOCORTICAL AXIS RESPONSES; BLOOD-PRESSURE; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; AGE-DIFFERENCES; DOUBLE-BLIND; NOREPINEPHRINE; EPINEPHRINE; STRESS; RELEASE AB Stimulation of brain cholinergic systems increases activity of both the sympathoneural (SN) and sympathoadrenomedullary (SAM) components of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. Because presynaptic cholinergic neuron numbers are substantially reduced in Alzheimer's disease (AD), we predicted decreased responsiveness in AD of plasma norepinephrine (NE), an estimate of SN activity, and of epinephrine (EPI), an estimate of SAM activity, to central cholinergic stimulation by the cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine (0.0125 mg/kg i.v.). Because previous studies have demonstrated that normal human aging increases SN activity but not SAM activity, we specifically hypothesized: (1) a smaller NE response to physostigmine in subjects with mild to moderate AD (n=11; age 72+/-2 yrs; mini-mental state exam [MMSE] scores of 19+/-2) than in healthy older subjects (n=20; age 71+/-1 yrs); and (2) a smaller EPI response in AD subjects than in either healthy older or healthy young subjects (n=9; age 27+/-2 yrs), Unexpectedly, the plasma NE increase following physostigmine only achieved significance in AD subjects and plasma EPI responses were greater in both AD and older subjects than in young subjects. Blood pressure responses to physostigmine were consistent with the catecholamine responses. These data suggest that the presence of mild to moderate AD increases the SN response to cholinergic stimulation and that both AD and normal aging increase the SAM response to cholinergic stimulation. As a result, plasma catecholamine responses to physostigmine do not appear to be useful peripheral neuroendocrine estimates of the severity of brain cholinergic deficits in mild to moderate AD. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv S116, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Vet Affairs NW Network Mental Illness Res Educ, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Clin, MIRECC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Petrie, EC (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv S116, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG08419, AG05136] NR 74 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4530 J9 PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO JI Psychoneuroendocrinology PD FEB PY 2001 VL 26 IS 2 BP 147 EP 164 DI 10.1016/S0306-4530(00)00041-X PG 18 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 391QZ UT WOS:000166367800003 PM 11087961 ER PT J AU Grant, EG AF Grant, EG TI Sonographic contrast agents in vascular imaging SO SEMINARS IN ULTRASOUND CT AND MRI LA English DT Article ID RENAL-ARTERY STENOSIS; CODED DUPLEX SONOGRAPHY; INTRAHEPATIC PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNTS; COLOR DOPPLER SONOGRAPHY; WAVE-FORM PARAMETERS; ULTRASOUND CONTRAST; POWER DOPPLER; PORTAL-VEIN; IN-VITRO; US C1 Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Syst, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Grant, EG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Imaging Dept W114, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 60 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0887-2171 J9 SEMIN ULTRASOUND CT JI Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI PD FEB PY 2001 VL 22 IS 1 BP 25 EP 41 DI 10.1016/S0887-2171(01)90016-2 PG 17 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 411AH UT WOS:000167475600004 PM 11300585 ER PT J AU Basile, J AF Basile, J TI New strategies for improving heart failure management: A primary care perspective SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITORS; CARVEDILOL; MORTALITY; MORBIDITY; READMISSION; PROGRESSION AB Most patients with heart failure today are treated by primary care practitioners, not cardiologists. The Consensus Recommendations for the Management of Chronic Heart Failure, developed by the Advisory Council to Improve Outcomes Nationwide in Heart Failure, provide practice guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of heart failure. Although hemodynamic abnormalities contribute to the symptoms of heart failure, disease progression is attributable to neurohormonal abnormalities, primarily activation of the renin-angiotensin system and the sympathetic nervous system. Pharmacologic treatment that antagonizes these neurohormonal abnormalities reduces the morbidity and mortality associated with heart failure. Guidelines recommend that patients with systolic dysfunction and symptoms of fluid retention receive a diuretic followed by an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and, once the patient is euvolemic, a beta -blocker. Digoxin may be added to therapy for patients with persistent symptoms or rapid atrial fibrillation. Clinical trials have shown that such combination regimens reduce the risk of hospitalization and death in patients with heart failure. C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Primary Care Div, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Basile, J (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Primary Care Div, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD FEB PY 2001 VL 94 IS 2 BP 166 EP 174 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 406CH UT WOS:000167197000001 PM 11235030 ER PT J AU Rabkin, JM Corless, CL Rosen, HR Olyaei, AJ AF Rabkin, JM Corless, CL Rosen, HR Olyaei, AJ TI Pharmacoeconomic study of tacrolimus-based versus cyclosporine-based immunosuppressive therapy following liver transplantation SO TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th World Congress of the Transplantation-Society CY AUG 27-SEP 01, 2000 CL ROME, ITALY SP Transplant Soc ID ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS; COST; STRATEGIES; REJECTION; FK506 C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Liver Transplantat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pharm, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Rabkin, JM (reprint author), 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,L590, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0041-1345 J9 TRANSPLANT P JI Transplant. Proc. PD FEB-MAR PY 2001 VL 33 IS 1-2 BP 1532 EP 1534 DI 10.1016/S0041-1345(00)02585-9 PG 3 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 413UK UT WOS:000167629900718 PM 11267411 ER PT J AU McLellan, AT O'Brien, CP Kleber, HD Lewis, D AF McLellan, AT O'Brien, CP Kleber, HD Lewis, D TI Drug dependence as a chronic medical illness - Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Penn VA Ctr Studies Addict, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Penn VA Ctr Studies Addict, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Columbia Univ, Natl Ctr Addict & Subst Abuse, New York, NY USA. Brown Univ, Ctr Alcohol & Addict Studies, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP McLellan, AT (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Penn VA Ctr Studies Addict, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 24 PY 2001 VL 285 IS 4 BP 409 EP 409 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 394CG UT WOS:000166506000019 ER PT J AU Steininger, TL Gong, H McGinty, D Szymusiak, R AF Steininger, TL Gong, H McGinty, D Szymusiak, R TI Subregional organization of preoptic area/anterior hypothalamic projections to arousal-related monoaminergic cell groups SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypothalamus; anterograde tracing; biotinylated dextran; tuberomammillary nucleus; locus coeruleus; dorsal raphe nucleus ID SLEEP-WAKING DISCHARGE; RAT LOCUS-COERULEUS; EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP; BARRINGTONS NUCLEUS; TUBEROMAMMILLARY NUCLEUS; HISTIDINE-DECARBOXYLASE; POSTERIOR HYPOTHALAMUS; HISTAMINERGIC NEURONS; BASAL FOREBRAIN; DIAGONAL BAND AB Pathways mediating the generation and/or maintenance of sleep reside within the preoptic/ anterior hypothalamus (POAH). Reproduction, water balance, thermoregulation, and neuroendocrine functions are also associated with POAH, but it is not fully understood whether sleep is consolidated with these behavioral and physiological functions, or whether sleep-related circuitry is segregated from other POAH regions. Recent studies indicate that sleep mechanisms may be localized to the ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO) and that this region sends inhibitory projections to walking/arousal-related neurons in the histaminergic tuberomammillary nucleus (TM), the noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC), and the serotonergic dorsal raphe (DR). The present study is a quantitative investigation of preoptic area efferents to these monoaminergic groups. The results demonstrate that biotinylated dextran injections in the VLPO region reveal a robust innervation of TM that was as much as five times greater than innervation derived from other POAH subregions. The innervation of TM originated almost exclusively from injection sites in the region of galanin neurons. VLPO projections to the LC were moderately dense and were greater than in other POAH regions except for equivalent input from the medial preoptic area. Projections to the dorsal raphe were equivalent to LC innervation and were generally two to three times greater from VLPO than from other POAH regions, except for projections from the lateral preoptic region, which were similar in magnitude. The rostral and caudal levels projected more to the TM, whereas the midrostral region of VLPO strongly innervated the LC core. These findings, with recent studies demonstrating medial and lateral extensions of the sleep-related VLPO neuronal group, indicate that descending arousal state control may be mediated by this specific galaninergic/gamma -aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic cell group. J. Comp. Neural. 429:638-653, 2001. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Heath Care Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Szymusiak, R (reprint author), Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Heath Care Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL60296]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH18825, MH4780] NR 70 TC 120 Z9 127 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9967 J9 J COMP NEUROL JI J. Comp. Neurol. PD JAN 22 PY 2001 VL 429 IS 4 BP 638 EP 653 PG 16 WC Neurosciences; Zoology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Zoology GA 385HY UT WOS:000165999100010 PM 11135241 ER PT J AU Lindsay, R Silverman, SL Cooper, C Hanley, DA Barton, I Broy, SB Licata, A Benhamou, L Geusens, P Flowers, K Stracke, H Seeman, E AF Lindsay, R Silverman, SL Cooper, C Hanley, DA Barton, I Broy, SB Licata, A Benhamou, L Geusens, P Flowers, K Stracke, H Seeman, E TI Risk of new vertebral fracture in the year following a fracture SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID WOMEN; OSTEOPOROSIS AB Context Vertebral fractures significantly increase lifetime risk of future fractures, but risk of further vertebral fractures in the period immediately following a vertebral fracture has not been evaluated. Objective To determine the incidence of further vertebral fracture in the year following a vertebral fracture. Design and setting Analysis of data from 4 large 3-year osteoporosis treatment trials conducted at 373 study centers in North America, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand from November 1993 to April 1998. Subjects Postmenopausal women who had been randomized to a placebo group and for whom vertebral fracture status was known at entry (n=2725). Main Outcome Measure Occurrence of radiographically identified vertebral fracture during the year following an incident vertebral fracture. Results Subjects were a mean age of 74 years and had a mean of 28 years since menopause. The cumulative incidence of new vertebral fractures in the first year was 6.6%. Presence of 1 or more vertebral fractures at baseline increased risk of sustaining a vertebral fracture by 5-fold during the initial year of the study compared with the incidence in subjects without prevalent vertebral fractures at baseline (relative risk [RR], 5.1;95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1-8.4; P<.001). Among the 381 participants who developed an incident vertebral fracture, the incidence of a new vertebral fracture in the subsequent year was 19.2% (95% CI, 13.6%-24.8%). This risk was also increased in the presence of prevalent vertebral fractures (RR, 9.3; 95% CI, 1.2-71.6; P=.03). Conclusion Our data indicate that women who develop a vertebral fracture are at substantial risk for additional fracture within the next year. C1 Helen Hayes Hosp, Reg Bone Ctr, W Haverstraw, NY 10993 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Osteoporosis Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Greater Los Angeles VA Hlth Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Southampton, MRC, Environm Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England. Univ Calgary, Hlth Sci Ctr, Calgary, AB, Canada. Procter & Gamble Pharmaceut, Staines, Middx, England. Illinois Bone & Joint Inst, Ctr Arthrit & Osteoporosis, Des Plaines, IL USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Ctr Hosp Orleans, Orleans, France. Limburgs Univ Ctr, Diepenbeek, Belgium. Univ Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands. Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH USA. Univ Giessen, Giessen, Germany. Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Lindsay, R (reprint author), Helen Hayes Hosp, Reg Bone Ctr, Route 9W, W Haverstraw, NY 10993 USA. OI Seeman, Ego/0000-0002-9692-048X NR 14 TC 849 Z9 917 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 17 PY 2001 VL 285 IS 3 BP 320 EP 323 DI 10.1001/jama.285.3.320 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 390XD UT WOS:000166324300023 PM 11176842 ER PT J AU Raitt, MH Renfroe, EG Epstein, AE McAnulty, JH Mounsey, P Steinberg, JS Lancaster, SE Jadonath, RL Hallstrom, AP AF Raitt, MH Renfroe, EG Epstein, AE McAnulty, JH Mounsey, P Steinberg, JS Lancaster, SE Jadonath, RL Hallstrom, AP TI "Stable" ventricular tachycardia is not a benign rhythm - Insights from the antiarrhythmics versus implantable defibrillators (AVID) registry SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE death, sudden; tachycardia; cardioversion; defibrillation ID SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ARREST; RISK AB Background-Sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) can be unstable, can be associated with serious symptoms, or can be stable and relatively free of symptoms. Patients with unstable VT are at high risk for sudden death and are best treated with an implantable defibrillator. The prognosis of patients with stable VT is controversial, and it is unknown whether implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy is beneficial. Methods and Results-Screening for the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) trial identified patients with both stable and unstable VT. Both groups were included in a registry, and their clinical characteristics and discharge treatments were recorded. Mortality data were obtained through the National Death Index. The mortality in 440 patients with stable VT tended to be greater than that observed in 1029 patients presenting with unstable VT (33.6% versus 27.6% at 3 years; relative risk [RR]=1.22; P=0.07). After adjustment for baseline and treatment differences, the RR was little changed (RR=1.25, P=0.06). Conclusions-Sustained VT without serious symptoms or hemodynamic compromise is associated with a high mortality rate and may be a marker for a substrate capable of producing a more malignant arrhythmia. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy may be indicated in patients presenting with stable VT. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Univ Virginia, Med Ctr, Charlottesville, VA USA. St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp Ctr, New York, NY USA. N Shore Univ Hosp, Cornell Univ Med Coll, Div Biostat, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA. RP Raitt, MH (reprint author), AVID Clin Trial Ctr, 1107 NE 45th St,Room 505, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01-HC-25117] NR 10 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JAN 16 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 2 BP 244 EP 252 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 394NA UT WOS:000166529100021 PM 11208684 ER PT J AU Baskin, F Rosenberg, RN Iyer, L Schellenberg, GD Hynan, L Nee, LE AF Baskin, F Rosenberg, RN Iyer, L Schellenberg, GD Hynan, L Nee, LE TI Platelet APP isoform ratios in asymptomatic young adults expressing an AD-related presenilin-1 mutation SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP); platelets; presenilin 1 (PS1) ID AMYLOID PROTEIN-PRECURSOR; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE AB The Alzheimer's disease (AD) related amyloid precursor protein (APP) is stored, cleaved and released similarly from neurons and from platelets. We have reported that the proportion of 120-130 to 110 kDa carboxyl-cleaved APP present in the platelets of AD patients is significantly lower than that of platelets of age-matched controls. This reduced APP isoform ratio, not seen in several other disease groups, is further reduced as the severity of AD increases. Since the neuropathology of AD is believed to begin many years before the onset of cognitive loss, we have also compared platelet APP ratios of four pre-symptomatic young adults carrying a presenilin-1 mutation to seven siblings homozygous for the normal PS-1 gene in an effort to determine whether reduced APP ratios are present before apparent cognitive loss in familial AD. Decreased platelet APP ratios were not seen in any of these subjects at this time. We will continue to monitor these subjects as they near the mean age of AD onset in these families. As the magnitude of the APP ratio reduction is proportional to the severity of cognitive loss in sporadic AD, these cognitively normal incipient AD subjects would not be expected to present significant reductions in this AD severity index at this time. Alternatively, the absence of platelet APP ratio reductions may result from a failure of platelets from familial PS-I AD subjects to manifest altered APPs, as has been reported for PS-2 AD subjects, unlike those of sporadic AD patients. Continued monitoring of cognitive status in our sub-set of controls with AD-like low APP ratios may yet validate the ability of this assay to detect incipient sporadic AD. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Acad Comp Serv, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. NINDS, Family Studies Unit, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Baskin, F (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. OI Hynan, Linda/0000-0002-4642-7769 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-05136, P30AG-12300] NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD JAN 15 PY 2001 VL 183 IS 1 BP 85 EP 88 DI 10.1016/S0022-510X(00)00483-4 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 401VZ UT WOS:000166950500015 PM 11166800 ER PT J AU Masellis, M Basile, VS Meltzer, HY Lieberman, JA Sevy, S Goldman, DA Hamblin, MW Macciardi, FM Kennedy, JL AF Masellis, M Basile, VS Meltzer, HY Lieberman, JA Sevy, S Goldman, DA Hamblin, MW Macciardi, FM Kennedy, JL TI Lack of association between the T -> C 267 serotonin 5-MT6 receptor gene (HTR6) polymorphism and prediction of response to clozapine in schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE clozapine response; pharmacogenetic; polymorphism; serotonin receptor ID HALOPERIDOL-INDUCED CATALEPSY; 5-HT2A RECEPTOR; CLINICAL-RESPONSE; TOURETTES-SYNDROME; ALLELIC VARIATION; NO EVIDENCE; RFLP; DISORDERS; EXCLUSION; 8-OH-DPAT AB The affinity of clozapine for 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, 5-HT6, 5-HT7, and 5-HT1A receptors has been suggested to contribute to various aspects of its complex clinical actions. This study examined the hypothesis that genetic variation in 5-HT1A, 5-HT6, and 5-HT7 receptor genes is involved in the variability observed in response to clozapine. We employed a pharmacogenetic approach in a group (n=185) of schizophrenia patients that have been clinically well characterized for clozapine response. Polymorphisms in the 5-HT6 (HTR6), 5-MT1A (HTR6) and 5-HT7 (HTR7) receptor genes were genotyped. No evidence for either an allelic or genotypic association of the T-->C 267 HTR6 polymorphism with response to clozapine was found in our sample (allele: chi (2)=0.06, 1 df, P=0.80; genotype: chi (2)=1.21. 2 df, P=0.55), The pro161eu HTR1A polymorphism was not observed in our sample: all individuals genotyped were pro/pro 16 homozygotes, With respect to the pro279leu HTR7 polymorphism, one Caucasian male responder to clozapine was observed to be heterozygous (pro/leu 279 genotype), This individual was clinically similar to the other clozapine responders. Overall, our findings do not support a role for the T-->C 267 polymorphism of the 5-HT6 receptor gene in response to clozapine, although replication is required to confirm this finding. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Toronto, Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Clarke Div, Neurogenet Sect, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Psychiat, Nashville, TN USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs, New York, NY USA. NIAAA, Neurogenet Lab, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kennedy, JL (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Clarke Div, Neurogenet Sect, 100 Coll St, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada. RI Meltzer, Herbert/E-8131-2013; Macciardi, Fabio/N-3768-2014; Goldman, David/F-9772-2010 OI Macciardi, Fabio/0000-0003-0537-4266; Goldman, David/0000-0002-1724-5405 NR 63 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD JAN 15 PY 2001 VL 47 IS 1 BP 49 EP 58 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(00)00016-5 PG 10 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 400CY UT WOS:000166852100005 PM 11163544 ER PT J AU Guzman-Marin, R Alam, MN Mihailescu, S Szymusiak, R McGinty, D Drucker-Colin, R AF Guzman-Marin, R Alam, MN Mihailescu, S Szymusiak, R McGinty, D Drucker-Colin, R TI Subcutaneous administration of nicotine changes dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons discharge rate during REM sleep SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE nicotine; serotonergic neuron; dorsal raphe nucleus; REM-off neuron; single-unit recording ID DEPRESSION; RECEPTOR; NUCLEI; CATS AB In the present study nicotine (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) increased discharge rate of putative dorsal raphe (DRN) serotonergic neurons of behaving rats during REM sleep (362.61%), without any significant change during waking and non-REM sleep. Since serotonergic DRN neurons gate PGO onset, these results suggest that nicotine-induced suppression of PGO spikes during REM sleep previously reported is achieved through stimulation of dorsal raphe serotonergic cells. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fisiol Celular, Fac Med, Dept Fisiol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles HealthCare Syst, N Hills, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fisiol Celular, Dept Neurociencias, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Drucker-Colin, R (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fisiol Celular, Fac Med, Dept Fisiol, AP 70-250, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD JAN 12 PY 2001 VL 888 IS 2 BP 321 EP 325 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(00)03104-8 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 392TD UT WOS:000166427900018 PM 11150492 ER PT J AU Sheng, SH Li, JQ McNulty, KA Kieber-Emmons, T Kleyman, TR AF Sheng, SH Li, JQ McNulty, KA Kieber-Emmons, T Kleyman, TR TI Epithelial sodium channel pore region - Structure and role in gating SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SENSITIVE NA+ CHANNEL; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; CYSTEINE MUTAGENESIS; POTASSIUM CHANNEL; K+-CHANNEL; MEMBRANE TOPOLOGY; MOLECULAR-BASIS; ION PERMEATION; ALPHA-SUBUNIT; SELECTIVITY AB Epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) have a crucial role in the regulation of extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure. To study the structure of the pore region of ENaC, the susceptibility of introduced cysteine residues to sulfhydryl-reactive methanethiosulfonate derivatives ((a-aminoethyl)methanethiosulfonate hydrobromide (MTSEA) and [(2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl]methanethiosulfonate bromide (MTSET)) and to Cd2+ was determined. Selected mutants within the amino-terminal portion (alpha Val(569)-alpha Trp(582)) of the pore region responded to MTSEA, MTSET, or Cd2+ with stimulation or inhibition of whole cell Na+ current. The reactive residues were not contiguous but were separated by 23 residues where substituted cysteine residues did not respond to the reagents and line one face of an cu-helix. The activation of (alpha S580C beta gamma mENaC by MTSET was associated with a large increase in channel open probability. Within the carboxyl-terminal portion (alpha Ser(583)-alpha Ser(592)) of the pore region, only one mutation (alpha S583C) conferred a rapid, nearly complete block by MTSEA, MTSET, and Cd2+, whereas several other mutant channels were partially blocked by MTSEA or Cd2+ but not by MTSET. Our data suggest that the outer pore of ENaC is formed by an cr-helix, followed by an extended region that forms a selectivity filter. Furthermore, our data suggest that the pore region participates in ENaC gating. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Kleyman, TR (reprint author), Div Renal, A919 Scaife Hall,3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. OI Sheng, Shaohu/0000-0002-7198-1702 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK54354, DK50268] NR 45 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 12 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 2 BP 1326 EP 1334 DI 10.1074/jbc.M008117200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 392UL UT WOS:000166430900064 PM 11022046 ER PT J AU Freedman, R Leonard, S Gault, JM Hopkins, J Cloninger, CR Kaufmann, CA Tsuang, MT Farone, SV Malaspina, D Svrakic, DM Sanders, A Gejman, P AF Freedman, R Leonard, S Gault, JM Hopkins, J Cloninger, CR Kaufmann, CA Tsuang, MT Farone, SV Malaspina, D Svrakic, DM Sanders, A Gejman, P TI Linkage disequilibrium for schizophrenia at the chromosome 15q13-14 locus of the alpha 7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit gene (CHRNA7) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE human chromosome pair 15; genetic linkage; nicotinic receptor; polymorphism; schizophrenia ID NO EVIDENCE; TDT AB The transmission/disequilibrium test was used for fine mapping of the linkage of schizophrenia to the chromosome 15q13-14 region, the site of a candidate gene, the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit gene (CHRNA7), in parent-child triads from the NIMH Schizophrenia Genetics Initiative families. This candidate gene was identified from neurobiological studies of deficits in schizophrenics of the inhibitory gating of the P50 auditory evoked potential. The neurobiological deficit was also used as a phenotype for subsequent linkage analysis. In the present study, significant genotype-wise disequilibrium (P < 0.007) was found at D15S165, a polymorphic simple sequence marker physically located within 1 megabase of both CHRNA7 and a partially duplicated, expressed sequence that includes exons 5-10 of CHRNA7, Replication of this result was found in an additional set of families. The results support this region as a chromosomal location involved in the genetic transmission of schizophrenia. Am. J, Med, Genet, (Neuropsychiatr,Genet,) 105: 20-22, 2001, (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. NIMH, Schizophrenia Genet Initiat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Psychiat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Freedman, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat C268 71, 4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RI Cloninger, Claude/F-5357-2012 OI Cloninger, Claude/0000-0003-3096-4807 FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA09457]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH38321] NR 17 TC 138 Z9 143 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0148-7299 J9 AM J MED GENET JI Am. J. Med. Genet. PD JAN 8 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 1 BP 20 EP 22 DI 10.1002/1096-8628(20010108)105:1<20::AID-AJMG1047>3.3.CO;2-3 PG 3 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 390GA UT WOS:000166286300006 PM 11424985 ER PT J AU Urdaniz, AP Garcia, JMS Ramos, RM Larrosa, VR Perera, JLC Terron, IM Romero, EF AF Urdaniz, AP Garcia, JMS Ramos, RM Larrosa, VR Perera, JLC Terron, IM Romero, EF TI Sociocultural aspects of the genesis of personality disorders SO ACTAS ESPANOLAS DE PSIQUIATRIA LA Spanish DT Review DE personality disorders; sociocultural aspects; postmodern age ID DEPRESSION; DIAGNOSIS; FEATURES; HEALTH AB The prevalence of personality disorders seems to be increasing in the last decades. Many sociologists and historians believe that since the end of World War II, we have seen important changes, social, cultural and economic, which could indicate that we are entering a new age. The Postmodern Age, after nearly 500 years of Modern Age. Postmodernits is characterized by an increase of the speed in all reals of life, permanent changes, materialism, dominance of capitalism as economic model, changes of roles, etc. We speculate about the possibility that the characteristics of postmodern society may be contributing to the increase of prevalence of personality disorders in general and some of them in particular. C1 Hosp Univ Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain. Moorview Hosp, Oxford, England. John Radcliffe Hosp, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Hosp Prov Nuestra Senora Gracia, Zaragoza, Spain. Fdn Jimenez Diaz, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Ctr Salud Miguel Armijo, Salamanca, Spain. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Urdaniz, AP (reprint author), Hosp Univ Salamanca, Paseo San Vicente 58-182, Salamanca 37007, Spain. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUAN JOSE LOPEZ-IBOR FOUNDATION PI MADRID PA NO 2, MADRID, 28035, SPAIN SN 1139-9287 EI 1578-2735 J9 ACTAS ESP PSIQUIATRI JI Actas Esp. Psiquiatri. PD JAN-FEB PY 2001 VL 29 IS 1 BP 47 EP 57 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 431ZA UT WOS:000168660600008 ER PT B AU Keith, RL Miller, YE Gesell, TL Moore, MD Malkinson, AM Geraci, MW AF Keith, RL Miller, YE Gesell, TL Moore, MD Malkinson, AM Geraci, MW BE Samuelsson, B Paoletti, R Folco, GC Granstrom, E Nicosia, S TI Pulmonary prostacyclin synthase overexpression improves survival following butylated hydroxytoluene exposure SO ADVANCES IN PROSTAGLANDIN AND LEUKOTRIENE RESEARCH: BASIC SCIENCE AND NEW CLINICAL APPLICATIONS SE MEDICAL SCIENCE SYMPOSIA SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Advances in Prostaglandin and Leukotriene Research CY JUN 04-08, 2000 CL FLORENCE, ITALY ID LUNG TUMORIGENESIS; TRANSGENIC MICE; A/J MICE C1 Denver VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Pulmonary Sci & Crit Care Med, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RP Keith, RL (reprint author), Denver VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Pulmonary Sci & Crit Care Med, 1055 Clermont St Box 111A, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 1-4020-0146-0 J9 MED SCI SYMP SER PY 2001 VL 16 BP 187 EP 190 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BU18E UT WOS:000175262600036 ER PT J AU Gardner, MM Buchner, DM Robertson, MC Campbell, AJ AF Gardner, MM Buchner, DM Robertson, MC Campbell, AJ TI Practical implementation of an exercise-based falls prevention programme SO AGE AND AGEING LA English DT Article DE exercise; falls; older people ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; ELDERLY PERSONS; OLDER PERSONS; RISK-FACTORS; COMMUNITY; BALANCE; STRENGTH; HEALTH; ADULTS; PEOPLE AB Muscle weakness and impaired balance are risk factors underlying many falls and fall injuries experienced by older people. Fall prevention strategies have included exercise programmes that lower the risk of falling by improving strength and balance. We have developed an individually tailored, home-based, strength and balance retraining programme, which has proven successful in reducing falls and moderate fall injuries in people aged 80 years and older. Here we describe a simple assessment of strength and balance and the content and delivery of a falls prevention exercise programme. C1 Univ Otago, Sch Med, Dept Med & Surg Sci, Dunedin, New Zealand. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Campbell, AJ (reprint author), Univ Otago, Sch Med, Dept Med & Surg Sci, POB 913, Dunedin, New Zealand. RI Robertson, Mary Clare/A-3964-2009 NR 23 TC 94 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0002-0729 J9 AGE AGEING JI Age Ageing PD JAN PY 2001 VL 30 IS 1 BP 77 EP 83 DI 10.1093/ageing/30.1.77 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 421QP UT WOS:000168075300017 PM 11322678 ER PT J AU Kim, C Schaaf, CH Maynard, C Every, NR AF Kim, C Schaaf, CH Maynard, C Every, NR TI Unstable angina in the Myocardial Infarction Triage and Intervention Registry (MITI): Short- and long-term outcomes in men and women SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES; HEART-DISEASE; BYPASS-SURGERY; SEX; MORTALITY; PROGNOSIS; SURVIVAL; BIAS AB Background studies of unstable angina have focused on hospital mortality; long-term mortality studies have been limited by small numbers of patients or health care providers. The objectives of this study were to determine whether men and women with unstable angina had different presentations, mortality rates, and procedure utilization. Methods We analyzed a prospective observational registry of 4305 men (60%) and 2847 women (40%) with unstable angina who were admitted to coronary care units in King County, Washington, between 1988 and 1994. We compared the rates of symptoms, survival, and procedure utilization between sexes after adjustment for age, race, insurance status, and medical history. Results Women were older and had higher rates of hypertension and congestive heart failure than men bur had lower rates of cigarette smoking, previous myocardial infarction, and previous procedure use (P<.0001). Women had significantly higher rates of dyspnea, nausea, and epigastric pain and less diaphoresis than men did (P<.0001). Women underwent fewer procedures, but after adjustment for age and medical history this difference was no longer significant except for coronary bypass grafting (odds ratio 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37-0.69); after index hospitalization, men and women underwent procedures at similar rates. Although women had higher rehospitalization rates than men, early mortality (odds ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.55-1.4) and late mortality (hazard ratio 0.98, 95% CI 0.95-1.0) were similar between men and women after adjustment for age. Conclusions Women and men with unstable angina have different risk factors and symptoms upon presentation but have similar procedure use and mortality rates. C1 Univ Washington, Robert Wool Johnson Clin Scholars Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Hlth Care Serv Res & Dev Program, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Kim, C (reprint author), Univ Washington, Robert Wool Johnson Clin Scholars Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI Maynard, Charles/N-3906-2015 OI Maynard, Charles/0000-0002-1644-7814 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 141 IS 1 BP 73 EP 77 DI 10.1067/mhj.2001.111546 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 389WR UT WOS:000166262100012 PM 11136489 ER PT J AU Lee, JH Machtay, M McKenna, MG Weinstein, GS Markiewicz, DA Krisch, RE Kligerman, MM AF Lee, JH Machtay, M McKenna, MG Weinstein, GS Markiewicz, DA Krisch, RE Kligerman, MM TI Radiotherapy with 6-megavolt photons for early glottic carcinoma: Potential impact of extension to the posterior vocal cord SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; RADIATION-THERAPY; LOCAL-CONTROL; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; LARYNGEAL-CANCER; FRACTION SIZE; X-RAYS; T1; T2 AB Purpose: Radiation therapy has a high success rate in the treatment of early glottic carcinoma. Excellent outcomes have been reported from centers using cobalt-60 or relatively low-energy (less than or equal to4 MV) radiation therapy to achieve these results. Whether similar outcomes can be achieved with a 6 MV linear accelerator has been less rigorously evaluated. This study assesses the efficacy of 6 MV radiation therapy for early stage glottic cancer and identifies prognostic factors for local control and overall survival in this common disease. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty-eight consecutive cases of Tis, T1, and T2 squamous cell carcinomas of the glottis from 1982 to 1996 were retrospectively analyzed with regard to local control and survival. All patients were treated with definitive radiation therapy with a 6-MV linear accelerator. Potential prognostic factors for local control and survival were evaluated with univariate and multivariate models. Median follow-up of locally controlled patients was 65 months. Results: The overall 3-year actuarial local control rates for T1 and T2 carcinomas were 86% and 68%, respectively. Patients with lesions involving the posterior third of the Vocal cord had significantly worse 3-year local control (76% vs. 86%, P = .038). Radiation therapy technique and overall treatment time did not significantly affect local control. For patients with Tis and TI lesions, factors associated with significantly worse local control included cordectomy-ineligible disease (P = .024), dose less than 6,600 cGy (P = .024), and lesions limited to the posterior third of the vocal cord (P = .004). Three-year local control was 76%, with doses less than 6,600 cGy and 90% with higher doses. High rates of second primary malignancies were observed and represented the major cause of death. Five-year overall survival was 84%. Conclusions: The use of 6-MV photons for treatment of early glottic cancer seems to achieve local control similar to that reported with lower-energy photons. However, patients with posterior third involvement had a poorer local control rate with standard radiation therapy, thereby suggesting that alternative approaches be considered. C1 Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Radiat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Delaware Cty Mem Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Drexel Hill, PA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Machtay, M (reprint author), Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Radiat Oncol, 3400 Spruce St,2 Donner, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 46 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0196-0709 J9 AM J OTOLARYNG JI Am. J. Otolaryngol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2001 VL 22 IS 1 BP 43 EP 54 DI 10.1053/AJOT.2001.20679 PG 12 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 402ME UT WOS:000166991300006 PM 11172214 ER PT J AU Li, QL Jansen, E Brent, GA Friedman, TC AF Li, QL Jansen, E Brent, GA Friedman, TC TI Regulation of prohormone convertase 1 (PC1) by thyroid hormone SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE posttranslational processing; negative thyroid response element; hypothyroidism; processing enzyme; pituitary; regulation; triiodo-L-thyronine ID VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE; CAMP RESPONSE ELEMENTS; RETINOID-X-RECEPTOR; ANTERIOR-PITUITARY; PROMOTER ACTIVITY; NEUROENDOCRINE TISSUES; NEGATIVE REGULATION; RAT PITUITARY; DNA-BINDING; HALF-SITES AB The prohormone convertases (PCs) PC1 and PC2 are key enzymes capable of processing a variety of prohormones to their bioactive forms. In this study, we demonstrated that 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism stimulated, whereas triido-L-thyronine (T-3)-induced hyperthyroidism suppressed, PC1 mRNA levels in the rat anterior pituitary. Using 5' deletions of the human PC1 (hPC1) promoter transiently transfected into GH3 (a somatotroph cell line) cells, we found that T-3 negatively regulated hPC1 promoter activity and that this regulation required the region from -82 to +19 bp relative to the transcription start site. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) using purified thyroid hormone receptor-alpha1 (TR alpha1) and retinoid X receptor-beta (RXR beta) proteins and GH3 nuclear extracts demonstrated that the region from -10 to +19 bp of the hPC1 promoter bound TR alpha1 as both a monomer and a homodimer and bound TR alpha1/RXR beta as a heterodimer and multimer. EMSAs with oligonucleotides containing point mutations of the putative negative thyroid response elements (TREs) exhibited diminished homodimer and loss of multimer binding. We conclude that there are multiple novel TRE-like sequences in the hPC1 promoter located from -10 to +19 bp. C1 Charles R Drew Univ Med & Sci, Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Cedars Sinai Res Inst, Dept Med,Div Endocrinol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Human Genet, Mol Oncol Lab, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. Flanders Interuniv Inst Biotechnol, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. RP Charles R Drew Univ Med & Sci, Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol, 1721 E 120th St, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA. EM Friedmant@hotmail.com FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-00276]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-43714, DK-287235] NR 54 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 EI 1522-1555 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 280 IS 1 BP E160 EP E170 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 383WZ UT WOS:000165908800019 PM 11120670 ER PT J AU Tsuruoka, S Swenson, ER Petrovic, S Fujimura, A Schwartz, GJ AF Tsuruoka, S Swenson, ER Petrovic, S Fujimura, A Schwartz, GJ TI Role of basolateral carbonic anhydrase in proximal tubular fluid and bicarbonate absorption SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE in vitro microperfusion; acidification; cell pH; inulin; dextran; para-fluorobenzyl-aminobenzolamide; hydratase assay ID MEDULLARY COLLECTING DUCT; II-DEFICIENT MICE; MEMBRANE-VESICLES; RENAL CORTEX; NA+-HCO3 COTRANSPORT; CONVOLUTED TUBULES; STRAIGHT TUBULE; TRANSPORT; KIDNEY; CELLS AB Membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase (CA) is critical to renal acidification. The role of CA activity on the basolateral membrane of the proximal tubule has not been defined clearly. To investigate this issue in microperfused rabbit proximal straight tubules in vitro, we measured fluid and HCO(3)(-) absorption and cell pH before and after the extracellular CA inhibitor p-fluorobenzyl-aminobenzolamide was applied in the bath to inhibit only basolateral CA. This inhibitor was 1% as permeant as acetazolamide. Neutral dextran (2 g/dl, molecular mass 70,000) was used as a colloid to support fluid absorption because albumin could affect CO(2) diffusion and rheogenic HCO(3)(-) efflux. Indeed, dextran in the bath stimulated fluid absorption by 55% over albumin. Basolateral CA inhibition reduced fluid absorption (similar to 30%) and markedly decreased HCO(3)(-) absorption (similar to 60%), both reversible when CA was added to the bathing solution. In the presence of luminal CA inhibition, which reduced fluid (similar to 16%) and HCO(3)(-) (similar to 66%) absorption, inhibition of basolateral CA further decreased the absorption of fluid (to 74% of baseline) and HCO(3)(-) (to 22% of baseline). CA inhibition also alkalinized cell pH by similar to0.2 units, suggesting the presence of an alkaline disequilibrium pH in the interspace, which would secondarily block HCO(3)(-) exit from the cell and thereby decrease luminal proton secretion (HCO(3)(-) absorption). These data clearly indicate that basolateral CA has an important role in mediating fluid and especially HCO(3)(-) absorption in the proximal straight tubule. C1 Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Jichi Med Sch, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Kawachi, Tochigi 3290498, Japan. RP Schwartz, GJ (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, Dept Pediat, Box 777,601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM george_schwartz@urmc.rochester.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-45571]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-50603] NR 45 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1931-857X J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 280 IS 1 BP F146 EP F154 PG 9 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA 385JA UT WOS:000165999300016 PM 11133524 ER PT J AU Armstrong, K Berlin, M Schwartz, JS Propert, K Ubel, PA AF Armstrong, K Berlin, M Schwartz, JS Propert, K Ubel, PA TI Barriers to influenza immunization in a low-income urban population SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE influenza; patient compliance; socioeconomic factors; immunization ID HEALTH BELIEF MODEL; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; ELDERLY PERSONS; VACCINATION; ACCEPTANCE; RISK; EFFICACY; BEHAVIOR; WORKERS AB Background: Athough influenza immunization significantly reduces mortality from influenza, over one third of elderly Americans are not immunized each year. Low rates of immunization are particularly concerning among African-American low-income populations. Preliminary interviews suggested that fear of undisclosed ingredients in the influenza vaccine may impede vaccine acceptance in this vulnerable population. Objectives: To assess the role of concern about vaccine contents and other factors in the use of influenza immunization among a predominantly African-American low-income urban population. Methods: Cross-sectional, health-system-population-based, telephone survey of a random sample of West Philadelphia residents aged greater than or equal to 65 years. Results: Of 659 eligible individuals, 486 (73.8%) were successfully interviewed. Concern about undisclosed shot contents was reported by 132 (20%) respondents and was inversely associated with vaccine receipt (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.26-0.91). This association was similar among African Americans and Caucasians. In addition, receipt of influenza vaccine was inversely associated with belief that immunization is inconvenient (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.05-0.36), belief that immunization is painful (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.08-0.54), and history of previous side effects (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.18-0.60), and positively associated with physician recommendation (OR 3.22, 95% CI 1.76-5.93). Conclusions: In a low-income urban population, concern about undisclosed vaccine contents appears to impede acceptance of influenza immunization among both African Americans and Caucasians. Directly addressing this concern offers a new approach to increasing immunization in this vulnerable population. (C) 2001 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Armstrong, K (reprint author), 1233 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 41 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 20 IS 1 BP 21 EP 25 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(00)00263-4 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 391LD UT WOS:000166356700004 PM 11137770 ER PT J AU Beahrs, JO Gutheil, TG AF Beahrs, JO Gutheil, TG TI Informed consent in psychotherapy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Psychiatry-and-the-Law CY OCT 22-25, 1998 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Acad Psychiat & Law ID MEMORY; MALPRACTICE; UNCERTAINTY; IMPACT; LEGAL; LAW AB Objective: The authors sought a rational approach to implementing informed consent within the practice of psychotherapy. Method: The history of informed consent in psychotherapy was reviewed to define a common synthesis that maximizes the potential benefits and minimizes the potential hazards. Results: The benefits of informed consent in psychotherapy include fostering a positive treatment outcome through enhancing patient autonomy, responsibility, and self-therapeutic activity; lessening the risks of regressive effects and therapist liability; and helping the practice of psychotherapy extend beyond particular parochialisms by providing checks and balances on therapist judgments. The hazards include the unpredictability of interactional outcomes and the possibilities of replacing positive expectancy with negative suggestion, replacing a therapeutic alliance with a legalistic stance, and misimplying that patients are passive recipients. Conclusions: Practical implementation of informed consent in psychotherapy must balance such tensions in service of optimal treatment. As a guiding principle, the authors recommend that psychotherapists convey to a prospective patient information that is material to the particular patient's decision. The level of detail needed in informed consent discussions varies directly With the cost and risks of the proposed treatment, the presence of viable alternatives and their relative grounding in scientific data and professional acceptance, and the presence of significant controversy. Unresolved is the question of how to address problematic or controversial psychotherapeutic trends that temporarily enjoy wide professional support. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Vancouver Div, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Beahrs, JO (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Vancouver Div, V3MHC,POB 1035, Portland, OR 97207 USA. EM beahrs.john_o@portland.va.gov NR 56 TC 41 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 158 IS 1 BP 4 EP 10 DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.1.4 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 387ZY UT WOS:000166154000002 PM 11136625 ER PT J AU Goode, ML Fink, JB Dhand, R Tobin, MJ AF Goode, ML Fink, JB Dhand, R Tobin, MJ TI Improvement in aerosol delivery with helium-oxygen mixtures during mechanical ventilation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID METERED-DOSE INHALER; ACUTE SEVERE ASTHMA; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; EXPIRATORY FLOW; IN-VITRO; DEPOSITION; THERAPY; MODEL; AIR; BRONCHODILATOR AB In mechanically ventilated patients with airway obstruction, helium-oxygen (He-O-2 mixtures reduce airway resistance and improve ventilation, but their influence on aerosol delivery is unknown. Accordingly, we determined the effect of various He-O-2 mixtures on albuterol delivery from metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) and jet nebulizers in an in vitro model of mechanical ventilation. Albuterol delivery from a MDI was increased when the ventilator circuit contained 80% helium and 20% oxygen (He-O-2 80/20) versus O-2: 46.7 +/- 3.3 versus 30.2 +/- 1.3 (SE)% of the nominal dose (p < 0.001)-the difference was mainly due to decreased drug deposition in the spacer chamber, mean 39.2% and 55.2%, respectively (p < 0.001). Nebulizer efficiency at a flow rate of 6 L/min was five times lower with He-O-2 80/20 than O-2, and the amount of nebulized drug was inversely correlated with gas density (r = 0.94, p < 0.0001). When the nebulizer was operated with O-2, greater albuterol delivery was achieved when the ventilator circuit contained He-O-2 rather than O-2. In summary, He-O-2 mixtures in the circuit increased aerosol delivery for both MDIs and nebulizers in the mechanically ventilated model by as much as 50%. In conclusion, at appropriate flow rates and concentrations, He-O-2 in the ventilator circuit may improve aerosol delivery in mechanically ventilated patients with severe airway obstruction. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med 111 N, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Hines, IL USA. RP Dhand, R (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med 111 N, 5th Ave & Roosevelt Rd, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 32 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 163 IS 1 BP 109 EP 114 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 394TV UT WOS:000166540100023 PM 11208634 ER PT J AU Matute-Bello, G Frevert, CW Kajikawa, O Skerrett, SJ Goodman, RB Park, DR Martin, TR AF Matute-Bello, G Frevert, CW Kajikawa, O Skerrett, SJ Goodman, RB Park, DR Martin, TR TI Septic shock and acute lung injury in rabbits with peritonitis - Failure of the neutrophil response to localized infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SEVERE SEPSIS; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; MULTICENTER TRIAL; FUSION PROTEIN; COLI PNEUMONIA; CANINE MODEL; BACTEREMIA; COMPARTMENTALIZATION AB The major goal of this study was to investigate the mechanisms that link the host response to a local infection in the peritoneal cavity with the development of sepsis and lung injury. Rabbits were infected by intraperitoneal inoculation of fibrin clots containing Es-cherichia coil at 10(8), 10(9), or 10(10) cfu/clot. Physiologic, bacteriologic, and inflammatory responses were monitored, and the lungs were examined postmortem. At a dose of 108 cfu/clot the animals had resolving infection, and a dose of 109 cfu/clot resulted in persistent infection at 24 h, with minimal systemic manifestations. In contrast, inoculation of 10(10) cfu/clot resulted in rapidly lethal local infection, with septic shock and lung injury. The onset of septic shock was associated with a paradoxical lack of identifiable polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN; neutrophils) in the peritoneal cavity. The absence of PMN in the peritoneum was due in part to lysis of intraperitoneal PMN, because the peritoneal fluids contained free myeloperoxidase and induced rapid death of normal rabbit PMN in vitro. Although most animals became bacteremic, only those with a severe systemic inflammation response developed lung injury. These data show that control of an infection in the first compartment in which bacteria enter the host is a critical determinant of the systemic response. Above a threshold dose of bacteria, failure of the local neutrophil response is a key mechanism associated with deleterious systemic responses. Bacteremia alone is not sufficient to cause lung injury. Lung injury occurs only in the setting of a severe systemic inflammatory response and an inadequate leukocyte response at the primary site of infection. C1 Univ Washington, Med Res Serv, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Martin, TR (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, 151L,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL30542]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI 29103]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 37696] NR 34 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 163 IS 1 BP 234 EP 243 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 394TV UT WOS:000166540100040 PM 11208651 ER PT J AU Freeman, VL Liao, YL Durazo-Arvizu, R Cooper, RS AF Freeman, VL Liao, YL Durazo-Arvizu, R Cooper, RS TI Height and risk of fatal prostate cancer: Findings from the National Health Interview Survey (1986 to 1994) SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE height; prostatic neoplasms; mortality ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; ENERGY-INTAKE; DEATH INDEX; TESTOSTERONE; INDUCTION; STATURE; WEIGHT; SWEDEN AB PURPOSE: Height is determined by genetic and nutritional factors mediated through the endocrine system early in life and, thus, may be related to subsequent risk of fatal prostate cancer. This hypothesis was examined in a large representative U.S. national sample. METHODS: Data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were analyzed to determine whether height was prospectively related to the risk of fatal prostate cancer in 110,042 men age greater than or equal to 50 years old interviewed between 1986 and 1994. Height was self-reported and vital status and causes of death ascertained using the National Death Index. Endpoints were deaths that listed prostate cancer as the underlying cause and deaths with any mention of prostate cancer. Relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, race, weight, and education. RESULTS: Six hundred and thirty-three deaths listing of prostate cancer as the underlying cause and 910 deaths with any mention of prostate cancer were identified. Height was associated neither with risk of death with prostate cancer Listed as the underlying cause nor with risk of death with any mention of prostate cancer (multivariate p for trend = 0.1318 and 0.0698, respectively). Risks were marginally greater among the tallest men compared to the shortest (less than or equal to 171.4 vs, greater than or equal to 182.9 cm), but not significantly (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.92 to 1.51, and RR = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.58 for 'underlying cause' and 'any mention', respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Height alone was not related to risk of fatal prostate cancer in this population. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Midw Ctr Hlth Serv & Policy Res, Res Serv 151, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Epidemiol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. RP Freeman, VL (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Midw Ctr Hlth Serv & Policy Res, Res Serv 151, Hines, IL 60141 USA. FU PHS HHS [CCU512480] NR 44 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 11 IS 1 BP 22 EP 27 DI 10.1016/S1047-2797(00)00172-1 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 386QU UT WOS:000166073700004 PM 11164116 ER PT S AU Craig, WA AF Craig, WA BE SoulsbySwaffham, P Wilber, R TI Maximising the efficacy of chemotherapy SO ANTIMICROBIA L RESISTANCE SE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS AND SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Antimicrobial Resistance CY MAY 04-05, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Royal Soc Med, Royal Soc Med Fdn, Tufs Univ Sch Med ID ILL-PATIENTS; PHARMACODYNAMICS C1 Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1M 8AE, ENGLAND SN 0142-2367 BN 1-85315-479-2 J9 ROY SOC MED INT CONG PY 2001 VL 247 BP 159 EP 163 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC General & Internal Medicine; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BR98H UT WOS:000168275800024 ER PT J AU La Rosa, FA Gross, RL Orengo-Nania, S AF La Rosa, FA Gross, RL Orengo-Nania, S TI Central corneal thickness of Caucasians and African Americans in glaucomatous and nonglaucomatous populations SO ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA; INTRAOCULAR-PRESSURE; EYE AB Objective: To determine whether there is a difference in central corneal thickness between African American and Caucasian patients. If present, a difference might alter the measurement of intraocular pressure and potentially the assessment and management of glaucoma in these populations. Methods? Central corneal thickness was measured by means of ultrasound pachymetry in African American (n=56) and Caucasian (n=32) patients with suspected or confirmed glaucoma and control populations of African American (n=26) and Caucasian (n=51) subjects in whom there was no evidence of elevated intraocular pressure or glaucomatous optic nerve damage. Measurements of central corneal thickness were then compared between different subpopulations by means and population distribution analysis. Results A statistically significant difference was noted between the mean (+/-SD) central corneal thickness of all African American (including those with and without glaucoma) (right eye, 531.0+/-36.3 mum; left eye, 530.0 +/- 34.6 pm) and all Caucasian (including those with and without glaucoma) (right eye, 558.0 +/- 34.5 mum; left eye, 557.6 +/- 341.5 mum) patients. Similar results were found when subpopulations were tested. Distribution analysis of central corneal thickness measurements noted the largest duster of African American patients around 520 to 540 mum, whereas the largest cluster of Caucasian patients was between 580 and 600 mum. Conclusions: African Americans were found to have thinner central cornea thickness measurements than Caucasians. This finding in African Americans may lead to lower applanation intraocular pressure readings compared with those of Caucasians, potentially resulting in an underestimation of the actual level of intraocular pressure. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Cullen Eye Inst, Dept Ophthalmol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Houston, TX USA. RP Orengo-Nania, S (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Cullen Eye Inst, Dept Ophthalmol, 6565 Fannin,Mail Stop NC 205, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 15 TC 129 Z9 134 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9950 J9 ARCH OPHTHALMOL-CHIC JI Arch. Ophthalmol. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 119 IS 1 BP 23 EP 27 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 393EX UT WOS:000166457200002 PM 11146722 ER PT J AU Mountz, JD Zhang, HG Wang, Y Xie, JF Liang, X Hsu, HC Curiel, DT AF Mountz, J. D. Zhang, H-G Wang, Y. Xie, J. F. Liang, X. Hsu, H-C Curiel, D. T. TI AKT regulates TNF-alpha-mediated apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts SO ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-6354 EI 1478-6362 J9 ARTHRITIS RES THER JI Arthritis Res. Ther. PY 2001 VL 3 SU 1 MA P8 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA V31MO UT WOS:000208887900009 ER PT J AU Dvorznak, MJ Cooper, RA Corfman, TA AF Dvorznak, MJ Cooper, RA Corfman, TA TI Modification of hybrid III test dummy for use in wheelchair studies. SO ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU R E S N A PRESS PI ARLINGTON PA 1700 MOORE ST, STE 1540, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-1903 USA SN 1040-0435 J9 ASSIST TECHNOL JI Assist. Technol. PY 2001 VL 13 IS 2 BP 139 EP 140 PG 2 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 628QY UT WOS:000180008900013 ER PT J AU Takei, A Huang, Y Lopes-Virella, MF AF Takei, A Huang, Y Lopes-Virella, MF TI Expression of adhesion molecules by human endothelial cells exposed to oxidized low density lipoprotein - Influences of degree of oxidation and location of oxidized LDL SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE oxidized low-density lipoproteins; intercellular adhesion molecule-1; endothelial cells; atherosclerosis ID MICROVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES; P-SELECTIN; DEGRADATION; COLLAGENS; BINDING; LESIONS; GENE AB The main objective of this study was to determine the influence of the degree of low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and the location of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) on expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells (EC). OxLDL preparations 1-4 with different degrees of oxidative modification were studied. All preparations of oxLDL, after addition to the medium, stimulated the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as determined by cell-ELISA. Concentration-dependent studies examining ICAM-1 expression by HUVEC showed that the minimal concentration of oxLDL which significantly stimulated ICAM-1 expression was 5 mug/ml, suggesting that the predicted physiological concentration of oxLDL in plasma may be not high enough to elicit a substantial increase of ICAM-1 expression in EC. In contrast, very small amounts (0.15 mug/well) of oxLDL-3 and 4, the more heavily oxidized LDL preparations, stimulated effectively ICAM-1 expression by HUVEC when located below the endothelial cell monolayer by immobilizing to type I collagen. The results suggest that the increased expression of ICAM-1 induced by accumulated oxLDL may be one of the mechanisms by which oxLDL contributes to atherogenesis. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Kgusha Univ, Dept Med, Fukuoka, Japan. RP Lopes-Virella, MF (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-55782] NR 29 TC 68 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD JAN PY 2001 VL 154 IS 1 BP 79 EP 86 DI 10.1016/S0021-9150(00)00465-2 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 387GZ UT WOS:000166116000009 PM 11137085 ER PT J AU Storb, R Blume, KG O'Donnell, MR Chauncey, T Forman, SJ Deeg, HJ Hu, WW Appelbaum, FR Doney, K Flowers, MED Sanders, J Leisenring, W AF Storb, R Blume, KG O'Donnell, MR Chauncey, T Forman, SJ Deeg, HJ Hu, WW Appelbaum, FR Doney, K Flowers, MED Sanders, J Leisenring, W TI Cyclophosphamide and antithymocyte globulin to condition patients with aplastic anemia for allogeneic marrow transplantations: The experience in four centers SO BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE aplastic anemia; allogeneic marrow grafts; cyclophosphamide and antithymocyte globulin conditioning ID VERSUS-HOST DISEASE; TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION; MINOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS; HLA-MATCHED SIBLINGS; T-CELL ANTIBODIES; ACUTE GRAFT; BLOOD-TRANSFUSIONS; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; MALIGNANT-TUMORS; FANCONI-ANEMIA AB This report summarizes the experience with a conditioning regimen of cyclophosphamide and antithymocyte globulin in patients with severe aplastic anemia given HLA-matched related marrow grafts at 4 transplantation centers. Enrolled were 94 consecutive patients, of whom 87 had received multiple transfusions and 38 had failed immunosuppressive therapy. Their ages ranged from 2 to 59 years. After transplantation, 89 patients received a methotrexate/cyclosporine regimen for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention. Cyclosporine with or without prednisone was given in 4 patients, and no immunosuppression was given in 1 patient. Ninety-six percent of patients had sustained grafts, whereas 4% rejected grafts between 2 and 7 months after transplantation. Of the 4 rejecting patients, 3 are alive with successful second engraftments. Acute grade II GVHD was seen in 21% of patients, grade III in 7%, and grade IV in 1% of patients. Chronic GVHD was seen in 32% of patients, most of whom responded completely to immunosuppressive therapy. With a median follow-up of 6.0 years (range, 0.5-11.6 years), the survival rate was 88%. No unusual long-term side effects have been seen with the regimen. We conclude that the cyclophosphamide/antithymocyte globulin regimen combined with methotrexate/cyclosporine after transplantation is well tolerated and effective in heavily pretreated patients with aplastic anemia. C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Storb, R (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, 1100 Fairview Ave N,D1-100,POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA30206, CA49605]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL36444] NR 50 TC 96 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 3 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 1083-8791 J9 BIOL BLOOD MARROW TR JI Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. PY 2001 VL 7 IS 1 BP 39 EP 44 DI 10.1053/bbmt.2001.v7.pm11215697 PG 6 WC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA 399YF UT WOS:000166841300006 PM 11215697 ER PT J AU Clyman, B AF Clyman, B TI Sports, exercise, and arthritis SO BULLETIN ON THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OSTEOARTHRITIS; KNEE; HIP; JOINT; RISK; DISEASE; PLAYERS C1 Greater Los Angeles VA Med Syst, Dept Ambulatory Care, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Clyman, B (reprint author), Greater Los Angeles VA Med Syst, Dept Ambulatory Care, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARTHRITIS FOUNDATION PI ATLANTA PA 1330 W PEACH TREE ST, ATLANTA, GA 30309 USA SN 0007-5248 J9 B RHEUM DIS JI Bull. Rheum. Dis. PY 2001 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1 EP 3 PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 447UE UT WOS:000169590200001 PM 11450272 ER PT J AU Bennett, CL Hynes, D Godwin, J Stinson, TJ Golub, RM Appelbaum, FR AF Bennett, CL Hynes, D Godwin, J Stinson, TJ Golub, RM Appelbaum, FR TI Economic analysis of granulocyte colony stimulating factor as adjunct therapy for older patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML): Estimates from a Southwest Oncology Group clinical trial SO CANCER INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE costs; cost effectiveness; filgrastim; leukemia ID ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; ADULT PATIENTS GREATER-THAN-55; CONTROLLED PHASE-III; ELDERLY PATIENTS; INDUCTION TREATMENT; COOPERATIVE GROUP; DOUBLE-BLIND; CHEMOTHERAPY; FILGRASTIM; AGE AB Considerable morbidity, mortality, and economic costs result during remission induction therapy for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). in this study, the economic costs of adjunct granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) are estimated for AML patients > 55 years of age who received induction chemotherapy on a recently completed Southwest Oncology Group study (SWOG). Clinical data were based on Phase III trial information from 207 AML patients who were randomized to receive either placebo or G-CSF post-induction therapy. Analyses were conducted using a decision analytic model with the primary source of clinical event probabilities based on in-hospital care with or without all active infection requiring intravenous antibiotics. Estimates of average daily costs of care with and without an infection were impoted from a previously reported economic model of a similar population. When compared to AML patients who received placebo, patients who received G-CSF had significantly fewer days on intravenous antibiotics (median 22 vs. 26, p = 0.05), whereas overall duration of hospitalzation did not differ (median 29 days). The median cost per day with all active infection that required intravenous antibiotics was estimated to be $1742, whereas the median cost per day without an active infection was estimated to De $1467. Overall costs were $49, 693 for the placebo group and $50,593 for the G-CSF patients. G-CSF during induction chemotherapy for elderly patients with AML had some clinical benefits, but it did not reduce the duration of hospitalization, prolong survival, or reduce the overall cost of supportive care. Whether the benefits of G-CSF therapy justify its use in individual patients with acute leukemia for the present remains a matter of clinical judgement. C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Midw Ctr Hlth Serv & Policy Res, Hines, IL 60141 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, VA Informat Resource Ctr, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Dept Med, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Dept Hematol Oncol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Northwestern Univ, Robert H Lurie Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. VA Chicago Hlth Care Syst Lakeside, Chicago, IL USA. RP Bennett, CL (reprint author), VAMC Mat Sci Bldg 400E,Suite 205, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RI Bennett, Charles/C-2050-2008 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-32102, CA-38926] NR 21 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 0735-7907 J9 CANCER INVEST JI Cancer Invest. PY 2001 VL 19 IS 6 BP 603 EP 610 DI 10.1081/CNV-100104288 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 454LT UT WOS:000169974600005 PM 11486703 ER PT J AU Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Bouknight, D AF Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Bouknight, D TI Bilateral carotid stenting combined with three-vessel percutaneous coronary intervention in single setting SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS LA English DT Article DE carotid arteries; coronary arteries; stenting ID ARTERY DISEASE; SURGICAL APPROACH; ENDARTERECTOMY; SURGERY AB We describe a patient who underwent bilateral internal carotid artery stenting and three-vessel percutaneous coronary intervention during the same procedure. Stenting of carotid arteries was performed employing our innovative technique combining coronary and peripheral devices. No complications occurred. The patient was discharged home 1 day after the intervention and remains asymptomatic, leading a fully active life. To our knowledge, unstaged bilateral carotid stenting combined with three-vessel coronary intervention has not been reported previously. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;52: 100-104. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie Murphy Div, Cardiac Catheterizat Labs, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Epidemiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Kiesz, RS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1522-1946 J9 CATHETER CARDIO INTE JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 52 IS 1 BP 100 EP 104 DI 10.1002/1522-726X(200101)52:1<100::AID-CCD1024>3.0.CO;2-A PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 388DU UT WOS:000166162800024 PM 11146534 ER PT J AU Durante, W AF Durante, W TI Regulation of L-arginine transport and metabolism in vascular smooth muscle cells SO CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Review DE L-arginine; L-ornithine; cationic amino acid transporter; nitric oxide; polyamines; L-proline; inflammatory mediators; growth factors; hemodynamic forces ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; AMINO-ACID TRANSPORTER; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; ECOTROPIC RETROVIRUS RECEPTOR; ARTERY ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; RAT-LIVER ARGINASE; HYDROXY-L-ARGININE; ORAL L-ARGININE; GENE-EXPRESSION; ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE AB L-Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid that is metabolized to important regulatory molecules. L-Arginine is transported into vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) by the cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) family of proteins where it is metabolized to nitric oxide (NO), polyamines, or L-proline. Inflammatory mediators, growth factors, and hemodynamic forces stimulate the transport of L-arginine in vascular SMC by inducing CAT gene expression. However, they exert highly specific and divergent regulatory effects on L-arginine metabolism. Inflammatory cytokines induce the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and direct the metabolism of L-arginine to the antiproliferative gas, NO. In contrast, growth factors stimulate the expression of arginase I and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and channel the metabolism of L-arginine to growth stimulatory polyamines. Alternatively, cyclic mechanical strain blocks both iNOS and ODC activity and stimulates arginase I gene expression, directing the metabolism of L-arginine to the formation of L-proline and collagen. Thus, specific biochemical and biophysical stimuli that are found in the circulation regulate the transport and metabolism of L-arginine in vascular SMC. The ability of these physiologically relevant stimuli to upregulate L-arginine transport and generate specific L-arginine metabolites modulates SMC function and may influence the development of vascular disease. C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Durante, W (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Bldg 109,Rm 130,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 59976] NR 126 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1085-9195 J9 CELL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Cell Biochem. Biophys. PY 2001 VL 35 IS 1 BP 19 EP 34 DI 10.1385/CBB:35:1:19 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 471EC UT WOS:000170913800002 PM 11898853 ER PT B AU Asch, DA Faber-Langendoen, K AF Asch, DA Faber-Langendoen, K BE VanderHeide, A OnwuteakaPhilipsen, B Emanuel, EJ VanderMaas, PJ VanderWal, G TI Sequencing the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments SO CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF END-OF-LIFE DECISION-MAKING SE KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSE AKADEMIE VAN WETENSCHAPPEN, VERHANDELINGEN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Colloquium on Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects of End-of-Life Decision-Making CY OCT 07-09, 1999 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Royal Netherlands Acad Arts & Sci, Netherlands Org Sci Res, Dutch Canc Soc, Dutch Minist Hlth, Erasmus Univ Rotterdam Fdn Vereniging Trustfonds, Vrije Univ Amsterdam, VanCoeverden Adriani Fdn & Dittmerfonds, Erasmus Univ Rotterdam, Dept Publ Hlth, Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Med ID PERTUSSIS VACCINATION; DECISION-MAKING; PHYSICIANS; SUPPORT; EUTHANASIA; ATTITUDES; CARE; OMISSION; LIMITS; PREFER AB Previous studies have demonstrated that when patients are withdrawn from life-sustaining treatments, these treatments are often withdrawn sequentially, rather than all at once. We observed the sequence of withdrawing life support among 211 consecutive patients dying in four Midwestern United States hospitals from whom at least one of eight specific life-sustaining treatments was or could have been withdrawn. We used a parametric statistical technique to explain the order in which these forms of life support were withdrawn in terms of a set of previously determined characteristics of the forms of life support including, among other characteristics, their cost, scarcity, and discomfort. We found a distinct sequence in which the eight forms of life support were withdrawn in this clinical sample. The observed order was, from earliest to latest: blood products, hemodialysis, vasopressors, mechanical ventilation, total parenteral nutrition, antibiotics, intravenous fluids, tube feedings (p < 0.0001). This sequence is almost identical to that observed in a previous study based on hypothetical scenarios. Those forms of life support perceived as more artificial, scarce, or expensive were withdrawn earlier than those with less of these characteristics. We conclude that the preference for withdrawing some forms of life-sustaining treatments over others is associated with intrinsic characteristics of the forms of life-sustaining treatments themselves. Once the decision has been made to forgo life-sustaining treatment, the process used remains complex and appears to target many different goals simultaneously. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Asch, DA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROYAL NETHERLANDS ACADEMY ARTSSCIENCES PI AMSTERDAM PA OUDE HOOGSTRAAT 24 PO BOX 19121, 1000 GC AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 90-6984-309-9 J9 KNAW VERHAN PY 2001 VL 102 BP 25 EP 37 PG 5 WC Medical Ethics; Medicine, General & Internal SC Medical Ethics; General & Internal Medicine GA BU30Q UT WOS:000175616200003 ER PT B AU Pearlman, RA Starks, H Cain, KC Cole, WG Patrick, DL Uhlmann, RF AF Pearlman, RA Starks, H Cain, KC Cole, WG Patrick, DL Uhlmann, RF BE VanderHeide, A OnwuteakaPhilipsen, B Emanuel, EJ VanderMaas, PJ VanderWal, G TI Integrating preferences for life-sustaining treatments and health states ratings into meaningful advance care discussions SO CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF END-OF-LIFE DECISION-MAKING SE KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSE AKADEMIE VAN WETENSCHAPPEN, VERHANDELINGEN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Colloquium on Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects of End-of-Life Decision-Making CY OCT 07-09, 1999 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Royal Netherlands Acad Arts & Sci, Netherlands Org Sci Res, Dutch Canc Soc, Dutch Minist Hlth, Erasmus Univ Rotterdam Fdn Vereniging Trustfonds, Vrije Univ Amsterdam, VanCoeverden Adriani Fdn & Dittmerfonds, Erasmus Univ Rotterdam, Dept Publ Hlth, Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Med ID CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; ELDERLY PATIENTS; DIRECTIVES; PHYSICIANS; PREDICTIONS; JUDGMENTS; WORSE; DEATH AB Advance care planning tries to ensure that decision-making for decisionally incapacitated patients is patient-centered. This has particular relevance for end-of-life decisions. Although many people in the United States favor advance care planning, only a minority prepares advance directives. One impediment to clinician encouragement and involvement is not knowing how to discuss these issues. To help frame advance care planning discussions, we studied the interrelationships between treatment preferences and health state ratings of patients and well adults. The study population included a diverse sample of well adults and patients (n=342). Six treatment preferences were elicited in current health and two hypothetical states describing permanent coma and severe dementia. The six treatments were antibiotics, long-term hemodialysis, short-term mechanical ventilation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), long-term jejunal feeding tube, and long-term mechanical ventilation. When participants declined noninvasive treatments, they usually declined more invasive treatments, and when they wanted to receive invasive treatments, they usually accepted less invasive ones. The data suggest an empirically derived, organizing sequence of treatments that represent increasing degrees of 'aggressiveness' that is influenced by invasiveness and treatment duration. CPR was in the mid-range of aggressiveness, and preferences for CPR were poor predictors of other treatment preferences. These results suggest that eliciting preferences for only CPR is not sufficient information to infer a patient's preferences for more invasive or long-term life-sustaining treatments. In addition, knowing that patients want treatment in their current health does not generalize well to wanting treatment in more impaired functional health states. Lastly, refusing treatment in severely impaired states of health, such as severe dementia or permanent coma, does not generalize well to refusing treatment in less impaired states of health. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. RP Pearlman, RA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROYAL NETHERLANDS ACADEMY ARTSSCIENCES PI AMSTERDAM PA OUDE HOOGSTRAAT 24 PO BOX 19121, 1000 GC AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 90-6984-309-9 J9 KNAW VERHAN PY 2001 VL 102 BP 39 EP 53 PG 5 WC Medical Ethics; Medicine, General & Internal SC Medical Ethics; General & Internal Medicine GA BU30Q UT WOS:000175616200004 ER PT J AU Mozaffarian, D Caldwell, JH AF Mozaffarian, D Caldwell, JH TI Right ventricular involvement in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A case report and literature review SO CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; light ventricle; review ID CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS; PATHO-PHYSIOLOGY; FEATURES; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; INTERRELATIONS; OBSTRUCTION; THERAPY AB Although hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is classically considered a disease of the left ventricle, right ventricular (RV) abnormalities have also been reported. However, involvement of the right ventricle in HCM has not been extensively characterized. The literature regarding prevalence, genetics, patterns of involvement, histologic findings, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of RV abnormalities in HCM is reviewed. To highlight the salient points, a case is presented of apical HCM with significant RV involvement, with an RV outflow tract gradient and near obliteration of the RV cavity, in the absence of a left intraventricular gradient. Right ventricular involvement in HCM appears to be as heterogeneous as that of the left ventricle. The spectrum extends from mild concentric hypertrophy to more unusual severe, obstructive disease. While in some cases the extent of RV involvement correlates with left ventricular (LV) involvement, predominant RV disease can be seen as well. While the genetics of RV involvement have not been well characterized, histologic findings appear to be similar to those in the left ventricle, suggesting similar pathogenesis. Significant RV involvement may result in RV outflow obstruction and/or reduced RV diastolic filling, with potentially increased incidence of severe dyspnea, supra ventricular arrhythmias, and pulmonary thromboembolism. The optimal treatment for patients with significant RV disease is unknown. Medical and surgical therapies have been attempted with variable success; experience with newer techniques such as percutaneous catheter ablation has not been reported. Further characterization of RV involvement in HCM is necessary to elucidate more clearly the clinical features and optimal treatments of this manifestation of HCM. C1 Univ Washington, Div Cardiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Mozaffarian, D (reprint author), Univ Washington, Div Cardiol, 1959 NE Pacific St,Box 356422, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI Mozaffarian, Dariush/B-2276-2008 NR 22 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY PUBL CO PI MAHWAH PA PO BOX 832, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-0832 USA SN 0160-9289 J9 CLIN CARDIOL JI Clin. Cardiol. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 24 IS 1 BP 2 EP 8 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 387UD UT WOS:000166139500002 PM 11195601 ER PT J AU Schneider, NG Olmstead, RE Franzon, MA Lunell, E AF Schneider, NG Olmstead, RE Franzon, MA Lunell, E TI The nicotine inhaler - Clinical pharmacokinetics and comparison with other nicotine treatments SO CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS LA English DT Review ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; TOBACCO WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS; SMOKE-FREE CIGARETTES; NASAL SPRAY; DOUBLE-BLIND; ABUSE LIABILITY; VAPOR INHALER; CHEWING-GUM; TRANSDERMAL NICOTINE AB Nicotine inhaled in smoke is the most rapid form of delivery of the drug. With smoking, arterial boli and high venous blood nicotine concentrations are produced within seconds and minutes. respectively. The potency of nicotine as the primary reinforcement in tobacco addiction is attributed to this rapid rate of delivery. By design, nicotine treatments reduce the rate and extent of drug delivery for weaning from nicotine during smoking cessation. Theoretically, they prevent relapse by reducing withdrawal and craving associated with the abrupt cessation of cigarettes. The nicotine inhaler treats the complexity of smoking through weaning both from the drug and from the sensory/ritual components associated with smoking. The inhaler is 'puffed' but not lit and there is considerable 'puffing' required to achieve slower rising and lower nicotine concentrations. These factors allow it to be used as a nicotine reduction treatment. One inhaler contains 10mg of nicotine (and 1mg of menthol) of which 4mg of nicotine can be extracted and 2mg are systemically available. Shallow or deep 'puffing' results in similar nicotine absorption. Nicotine is delivered mainly to the oral cavity, throat and upper respiratory tract with a minor fraction reaching the lungs. This was confirmed with positron emission tomography and by assessment of arterial concentrations. A single inhaler can be used for one 20-minute period of continuous puffing or periodic use of up to 400 puffs per inhaler. With controlled puffing in laboratory testing, venous plasma nicotine concentrations from a single inhaler puffed 80 times over 20 minutes averaged 8.1 mug/L at 30 minutes. Lower concentrations of 6.4 to 6.9 mug/L have been reported for self-administration under clinical conditions. The time to peak plasma concentrations varies but is always significantly longer than with cigarette delivery. Estimates of nicotine intake from cotinine concentrations were higher than expected (60 to 70% of baseline smoking concentrations). This elevation may be due to the swallowing of nicotine and subsequent first-pass biotransformation to cotinine. In general. venous blood nicotine concentrations are considerably lower than with smoking and are within the range observed for other nicotine reduction therapies. Efficacy trials show consistent superiority of the inhaler over placebo. Despite the 'cigarette-like' appearance of the inhaler and the associated sensory/ritual elements. little treatment dependence or abuse has been reported. This is attributed to the slow rise time and low nicotine blood concentrations. The inhaler is a valuable addition to treatment of tobacco dependence and can be used alone or with other treatments. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Nicotine Res Unit, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Pharmacia Consumer Hlth Care, Bridgewater, NJ USA. Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Lund, Sweden. RP Schneider, NG (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Nicotine Res Unit, Bldg 210,2nd Floor,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA11398] NR 118 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 12 PU ADIS INT LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 1311, NEW ZEALAND SN 0312-5963 J9 CLIN PHARMACOKINET JI Clin. Pharmacokinet. PY 2001 VL 40 IS 9 BP 661 EP 684 DI 10.2165/00003088-200140090-00003 PG 24 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 479MZ UT WOS:000171409300003 PM 11605715 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP AF Yao, JK Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP TI Oxidative damage and schizophrenia - An overview of the evidence and its therapeutic implications SO CNS DRUGS LA English DT Review ID ESSENTIAL FATTY-ACIDS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPID-METABOLISM; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; EXCITOTOXIC CELL-DEATH; FUNCTIONAL LIFE-SPAN; TARDIVE-DYSKINESIA; VITAMIN-E AB Free radicals are highly reactive chemical species generated during normal metabolic processes, which in excess can lead to membrane damage. Elaborate antioxidant defence systems exist to protect against oxidative stress. There is accumulating evidence of altered antioxidant capacity in schizophrenia. Membrane dysfunction can be secondary to free radical-mediated pathology. and may contribute to specific aspects of schizophrenic symptomatology and complications of its treatment. Specifically. free radical-mediated abnormalities may contribute to the development of a number of clinically significant consequences, including prominent negative symptoms, tardive dyskinesia, neurological 'soft' signs and parkinsonian symptoms. Our previous results showing altered membrane dynamics and antioxidant enzyme activities in schizophrenia, and findings from other investigators, are consistent with the notion of free radical-mediated neurotoxicity in schizophrenia. These findings provide a theoretical basis from which the development of novel therapeutic strategies such as fatty acid and antioxidant supplementation can occur in the future. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Neurochem & Psychopharmacol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Robert Wood Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, Raritan, NJ USA. RP VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Neurochem & Psychopharmacol Lab, Bldg 13,7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM jkyao@pitt.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH43742, MH44841, MH58141] NR 190 TC 204 Z9 211 U1 2 U2 7 PU ADIS INT LTD PI NORTHCOTE PA 5 THE WAREHOUSE WAY, NORTHCOTE 0627, AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND SN 1172-7047 EI 1179-1934 J9 CNS DRUGS JI CNS Drugs PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP 287 EP 310 DI 10.2165/00023210-200115040-00004 PG 24 WC Clinical Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 423AZ UT WOS:000168154400004 PM 11463134 ER PT J AU Yoganandan, N Pintar, FA Maltese, MR AF Yoganandan, N Pintar, FA Maltese, MR TI Biomechanics of abdominal injuries SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Review ID ACUTE DIAPHRAGMATIC RUPTURE; BLUNT TRAUMA; SEAT BELTS; HEPATIC-TRAUMA; THORACIC INJURY; LATERAL IMPACT; FRONTAL IMPACT; LUMBAR SPINE; ORGAN INJURY; MANAGEMENT AB Although considerable efforts have been advanced to investigate the biomechanical aspects of abdominal injuries, reviews have been very limited. The purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive review of the topic. Traumatic abdominal injuries occur due to penetrating or blunt loading. However, the present review is focused on blunt trauma. Because of the complexity of the abdomen, biomechanically relevant anatomical characteristics of the various abdominal organs are presented. The proposed mechanism of injury for these organs and methods for abdominal injury quantification are described. This is followed by a detailed analysis of the biomechanical literature with particular emphasis on experiments aimed to duplicate real world injuries and attempt to quantify trauma in terms of parameters such as force, deflection, viscous criteria, pressure criteria, and correlation of these variables with the severity of abdominal injury. Experimental studies include tests using primates, pigs, rats, beagles, and human cadavers. The effects of velocity, compression, padding, and impactor characteristics on tolerance; effects of pressurization and postmortem characteristics on abdominal injury; deduction of abdominal response corridors; and force-deflection responses (of the different abdominal regions and organs) are discussed. Output of initial research is presented on the development of a device to record the biomechanical parameters in an anthropomorphic test dummy during impact. Based on these studies and the current need for abdominal protection, recommendations are given for further research. C1 Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurosurg, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Med Res Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. RP Yoganandan, N (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurosurg, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. NR 223 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI NEW YORK PA 79 MADISON AVE, SUITE 1205, NEW YORK, NY 10016-7892 USA SN 0278-940X J9 CRIT REV BIOMED ENG JI Crit. Rev. Biomed. Eng. PY 2001 VL 29 IS 2 BP 173 EP 246 PG 74 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 442XV UT WOS:000169311000001 PM 11417756 ER PT J AU Waters, D Schwartz, GG Olsson, AG AF Waters, D Schwartz, GG Olsson, AG TI The Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Acute Cholesterol Lowering (MIRACL) trial: a new frontier for statins? SO CURRENT CONTROLLED TRIALS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE atorvastatin; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase inhibitor; myocardial infarction; unstable angina ID DISEASE AB The Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Acute Cholesterol Lowering (MIRACL) Trial tested the hypothesis that intensive lowering of cholesterol with atorvastatin (80 mg/day) initiated 24-96 h after an acute coronary syndrome would, over 4 months, reduce the incidence of the composite endpoint of death, nonfatal infarction, resuscitated cardiac arrest, and recurrent symptomatic myocardial ischemia with new objective symptoms requiring emergency rehospitalization. This primary composite endpoint was reduced from 17.4% to 14.8% (P = 0.048) among the 3086 patients enrolled. The results of MIRACL suggest that patients with acute coronary syndromes should begin to receive this treatment before leaving hospital, irrespective of baseline levels of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. C1 San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Cardiol, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Linkoping Univ Hosp, Dept Med Care, S-58185 Linkoping, Sweden. RP Waters, D (reprint author), San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Cardiol, Room 5G1,1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1468-6694 J9 CURR CONTR TRIALS C JI Curr. Control Trials Cardivasc. Med. PY 2001 VL 2 IS 3 BP 111 EP 114 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 523EN UT WOS:000173941200003 ER PT J AU Chauncey, TR AF Chauncey, TR TI Drug resistance mechanisms in acute leukemia SO CURRENT OPINION IN ONCOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; MEDIATED MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; SOUTHWEST-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; P-GLYCOPROTEIN; TOPOISOMERASE-II; CELL-LINES; MDR1 GENE; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN AB Markers of anticancer drug resistance are predictive of treatment response and outcome in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Immunologic detection of the drug efflux pumps, P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), correlate with functional assays of drug resistance. These accumulation defects also appear operable in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Many of the efflux pumps identified share significant structural homology with the large superfamily of ATP-binding cassette transporters. Other markers such as lung-resistance protein, bcl-2, and breast cancer-resistance protein, have been described in acute myeloid leukemia patients although their pathophysiology and clinical relevance are less clear and the methodology for their quantification are not well standardized. Preclinical studies have shown that small molecules capable of reversing efflux can restore drug sensitivity in resistant tumor models. Although initial clinical studies were limited by both potency and specificity of the reverser, later studies with more effective reversers have in many instances been limited by pharmacokinetic interactions exacerbating the clinical toxicities of chemotherapy. Although one large randomized study has demonstrated a proven survival advantage without increased toxicity using cyclosporine, the inconsistent results with other modulators raise doubt as to the utility and overall strategy of using drug efflux blockers in patients with established Pgp overexpression. Many of these patients have additional resistance mechanisms, and achieving meaningful clinical responses will likely require more complex clinical strategies. Preventing or delaying development of drug resistance in chemosensitive patients represents another therapeutic strategy to be tested. Curr Opin Oncol 2001, 13:21-26 (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Marrow Transplant Unit S3MTU, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Chauncey, TR (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Marrow Transplant Unit S3MTU, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 65 TC 37 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-8746 J9 CURR OPIN ONCOL JI Curr. Opin. Oncol. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 13 IS 1 BP 21 EP 26 DI 10.1097/00001622-200101000-00005 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 388DN UT WOS:000166162300005 PM 11148681 ER PT J AU Liao, D Shofer, JB Boyko, EJ McNeely, MJ Leonetti, DL Kahn, SE Fujimoto, WY AF Liao, D Shofer, JB Boyko, EJ McNeely, MJ Leonetti, DL Kahn, SE Fujimoto, WY TI Abnormal glucose tolerance and increased risk for cardiovascular disease in Japanese-Americans with normal fasting glucose SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID WORLD-HEALTH-ORGANIZATION; DIABETES-ASSOCIATION CRITERIA; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA; PLASMA-GLUCOSE; FAT DISTRIBUTION; C-PEPTIDE; MEN; MELLITUS; 2ND-GENERATION AB OBJECTIVE - To compare the American Diabetes Association (ADA) fasting glucose and the World Health Organization (WHO) oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) criteria for diagnosing diabetes and detecting people at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Study subjects were 596 Japanese-Americans. Fasting insulin, lipids, and C-peptide levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BPs); BMI (kg/m(2)); and total and intra-abdominal body fat distribution by computed tomography (CT) were measured. Study subjects were categorized by ADA criteria a's having normal fasting glucose (NFG), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and diabetic fasting glucose and by WHO criteria for a 75-g OGTT as having normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and diabetic glucose tolerance (DGT). RESULTS - Of 503 patients with NFG, 176 had IGT and 20 had DGT These patients had worse CVD risk factors than those with NGT. The mean values for NGT, IGT, and DGT, respectively and analysis of covariance P values, adjusted for age and sex, are as follows: intraabdominal fat area by CT 69.7, 95.0, and 101.1 cm(2) (P < 0.0001); total CT fat area 437.7, 523.3, and 489.8 cm(2) (P < 0.0001); fasting triglycerides 1.40, 1.77, and 1.74 mmol/l (P = 0.002); fasting HDL cholesterol 1.56, 1.50, and 1.49 mmol/l (P = 0.02); C-peptide 0.80, 0.90, 0.95 nmol/l (P = 0.002); systolic BP 124.9, 132.4, and 136.9 mmHg (P = 0.0035); diastolic BP 74.8, 77.7, and 78.2 mmHg (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS - NFG patients who had IGT or DGT had more intra-abdominal fat and total adiposity; higher insulin, C-peptide, and triglyceride levels; lower HDL cholesterol levels; and higher BPs than those with NGT. Classification by fasting glucose misses many Japanese-Americans with abnormal glucose tolerance and less favorable cardiovascular risk profiles. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Anthropol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Liao, D (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Hlth Sci Bldg,Room 545,1959 NE Pacific, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Kahn, Steven/0000-0001-7307-9002; Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-49293, HL-07028-25]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-31170] NR 28 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JAN PY 2001 VL 24 IS 1 BP 39 EP 44 DI 10.2337/diacare.24.1.39 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 386XX UT WOS:000166091600009 PM 11194238 ER PT J AU Cornish, JW Maany, I Fudala, PJ Ehrman, RN Robbins, SJ O'Brien, CP AF Cornish, JW Maany, I Fudala, PJ Ehrman, RN Robbins, SJ O'Brien, CP TI A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of ritanserin pharmacotherapy for cocaine dependence SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE pharmacotherapy; ritanserin; cocaine dependence; serotonin antagonist; treament ID FAILURE; HUMANS; BLOCK; ABUSE; SLEEP; RATS AB Eighty cocaine-dependent individuals enrolled in outpatient treatment took part in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ritanserin, a 5-HT2 antagonist, as an adjunct therapy. Participants attended an outpatient day hospital therapy program each day and received tablets containing placebo or 10 mg ritanserin for a 4-week period. Primary outcome measures included retention in treatment, urine drug tests, and self-reports of craving. Secondary outcome measures were depression scores on the Beck and Hamilton inventories, negative mood as measured by the Profile of Mood States, and life functioning as measured by the Addiction Severity Index. Although participants showed improvement over the 4 weeks, there were no group differences on any of the measures. These results fail to support the use of ritanserin as a complement to outpatient psychosocial therapy for cocaine dependence. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Treatment Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Beaver Coll, Glenside, PA 19038 USA. RP Cornish, JW (reprint author), Univ Penn, Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [P50-DA09252-02] NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD JAN 1 PY 2001 VL 61 IS 2 BP 183 EP 189 DI 10.1016/S0376-8716(00)00140-X PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 389ER UT WOS:000166226100010 PM 11137283 ER PT J AU Solai, LKK Mulsant, BH Pollock, BG AF Solai, LKK Mulsant, BH Pollock, BG TI Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for late-life depression - A comparative review SO DRUGS & AGING LA English DT Review ID NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; HUMAN LIVER-MICROSOMES; COMPLICATING ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; TRIAL COMPARING SERTRALINE; MULTICENTER DOUBLE-BLIND; MAJOR DEPRESSION; IN-VITRO; CLINICAL-TRIAL; GERIATRIC-PATIENTS; POTENT INHIBITOR AB Late-life depression is a serious health problem that is challenging to manage but generally responds well to pharmacotherapy. Selective serotonin (5-hydroxy-tryptamine; 5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. are usually used as first-line agents for elderly patients with depression. Like most drugs, SSRIs have not been widely tested in clinical trials that approximate 'real-life' geriatric situations. However. studies completed to dare provide valuable information about the efficacy, safety and tolerability of this class of antidepressants among older patients with depression, including those with depression secondary to stroke or dementia and those with other comorbid physical disorders. Although one SSRI may be more efficacious or better tolerated by elderly patients than another. existing data do not support such claims. However. other distinguishing features may influence the choice of agent. For example, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine and paroxetine are more likely to be involved in significant drug-drug interactions than are citalopram or sertraline. In contrast to the other SSRIs, fluoxetine has a half-life well in excess of 1 day, which can be an advantage when weaning the patient off therapy in that it may reduce the incidence of discontinuation symptoms, but a significant disadvantage if the patient cannot tolerate the drug or experiences an adverse drug-drug interaction. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh Med Ctr, Geriatr Psychopharmacol Program, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Solai, LKK (reprint author), UPMC, Beaver Valley Mental Hlth Serv, 176 Virginia Ave, Rochester, PA 15074 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH 52247, MH 59666, MH 01509, MH 01613] NR 75 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 3 U2 8 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1170-229X J9 DRUG AGING JI Drugs Aging PY 2001 VL 18 IS 5 BP 355 EP 368 DI 10.2165/00002512-200118050-00006 PG 14 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 435EF UT WOS:000168863900006 PM 11392444 ER PT J AU Anand, BS AF Anand, BS TI Drug treatment of the complications of cirrhosis in the older adult SO DRUGS & AGING LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS; HEPATORENAL-SYNDROME; ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; PREDICTIVE FACTORS; HEPATIC-ENCEPHALOPATHY; RENAL IMPAIRMENT; CONTROLLED TRIAL; LIVER-DISEASE; DOUBLE-BLIND; ASCITES AB Several age-related changes occur in the structure and functions of the liver. The volume of the liver decreases, despite an increase in the size of hepatocytes, suggesting loss of liver cells. There are decreases in hepatic blood flow, the synthesis of urea and cholesterol, and the metabolism of drugs. Moreover, the regenerative capacity of liver becomes less efficient. Certain caveats are important when treating older patients with liver disease. Strict dietary restrictions, such as a low protein diet, should be avoided in the elderly (unless the patient is encephalopathic) because these patients are often undernourished to start with. Similarly, strict salt restriction should be enforced with caution, since it makes food less palatable and may take away what little desire such patients have to eat. Diuretic doses should be adjusted carefully because of greater risks of azotaemia and electrolyte disturbances in the elderly. Extra vigilance should be exercised in the early detection of infections that are more likely to occur in patients with cirrhosis. For example, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis can be mussed in the elderly because of poor systemic (fever, abdominal tenderness) and laboratory responses (leucocytosis). In patients presenting with acute variceal bleeding. it is better to err on the side of underhydration than overhydration because of the risk of congestive heart failure. Vasopressin should be avoided in the elderly, since this drug has a high probability of precipitating an ischaemic event. Older patients do not tolerate beta -blockers as well as younger individuals and may require other treatment strategies for the prevention of variceal rebleeding episodes. Hepatic encephalopathy, especially the milder form, needs careful assessment because it can be easily confused with senile dementia syndromes. Cirrhosis is a premalignant condition and patients are at increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a tumour seen predominantly in the elderly. All patients with cirrhosis should be maintained on a lifelong screening programme consisting of a 6-monthly assessment of alpha -fetoprotein and an imaging study, since early detection provides the only hope for cure of HCC. The only definitive treatment of cirrhosis is liver transplantation. Advanced age is not a contraindication to transplantation, and survival in older patients (aged > 60 years) is comparable to that in younger individuals. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Anand, BS (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Digest Dis Sect 111D, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1170-229X J9 DRUG AGING JI Drugs Aging PY 2001 VL 18 IS 8 BP 575 EP 585 DI 10.2165/00002512-200118080-00002 PG 11 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 468UG UT WOS:000170776100002 PM 11587244 ER PT J AU Whitsel, EA Raghunathan, TE Pearce, RM Lin, D Rautaharju, PM Lemaitre, R Siscovick, DS AF Whitsel, EA Raghunathan, TE Pearce, RM Lin, D Rautaharju, PM Lemaitre, R Siscovick, DS TI RR interval variation, the QT interval index and risk of primary cardiac arrest among patients without clinically recognized heart disease SO EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE autonomic function; cardiac arrest; electrocardiography; risk factors ID AUTONOMIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RATE-VARIABILITY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DIABETES-MELLITUS; MORTALITY; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; PROLONGATION; ABNORMALITIES; PROPRANOLOL; CRITERIA AB Aims Autonomic tone influences RR interval variation (RRV) and the heart rate-corrected QT interval index (QTI). Together, QTI and RRV may improve characterization of sympathovagal control and estimation of risk of primary cardiac arrest. We therefore examined effects of QTI and short-term RRV from standard, 12-lead electrocardiograms on risk of primary cardiac arrest among persons without clinically recognized heart disease. Methods and Results We analysed data from a case-control study of risk factors for primary cardiac arrest among enrollees in a large health plan. Cases (n=505) were enrollees aged 18 to 79 years without history of heart disease who had primary cardiac arrest between 1980 and 1994. Controls (n=529) were a demographically similar, stratified random sample of enrollees. We determined enrollee characteristics from ambulatory medical records, QTI and RRV from standard, 12-lead electrocardiograms, and medication use from automated pharmacy files. Low and high Values of QTI and RRV were designated as the first and fifth quintiles of QTI (96% and 107%) and RRV (35 ms and 120 ms) among controls. In a model adjusting for clinical predictors of primary cardiac arrest, RRV modified the association between QTI and risk of primary cardiac arrest (P=0(.)05). Compared to high RRV and low QTI, the risk of primary cardiac arrest (odds ratio [95% CI]) was 0(.)95 [0(.)73-1(.)23] at low RRV and QTI, 1(.)23 [0(.)97-1(.)57] at high RRV and QTI, and 1(.)55 [1(.)16-2(.)06] at low RRV and high QTI. Risk remained elevated after adjustment for other electrocardiographic predictors and medication use. Conclusion Autonomic dysfunction, characterized by high QTI and low RRV on the standard, 12-lead electrocardiogram, is associated with an increased risk of primary cardiac arrest among persons without clinically recognized heart disease. (C) 2001 The European Society of Cardiology. C1 Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Field Program, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Cardiol Res Ctr, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. RP Whitsel, EA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Cardiovasc Dis Program, Bank Amer Ctr, Suite 306,137 E Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-42456-03] NR 40 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-668X J9 EUR HEART J JI Eur. Heart J. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 22 IS 2 BP 165 EP 173 DI 10.1053/euhj.2262.2175 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 392BB UT WOS:000166389800010 PM 11161918 ER PT J AU Rao, VLR Dogan, A Bowen, KK Todd, KG Dempsey, RJ AF Rao, VLR Dogan, A Bowen, KK Todd, KG Dempsey, RJ TI Antisense knockdown of the glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 exacerbates hippocampal neuronal damage following traumatic injury to rat brain SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antisense ODN; controlled cortical impact injury; glutamate uptake; hippocampus; knockdown; neuronal death ID CONTROLLED CORTICAL IMPACT; OXIDE SYNTHASE EXPRESSION; IN-VIVO; EXTRACELLULAR GLUTAMATE; CELL-DEATH; ISCHEMIA; RELEASE; INHIBITION; SUBTYPE; EXCITOTOXICITY AB Traumatic injury to rat brain induced by controlled cortical impact (CCI) results in chronic neuronal death in the hippocampus. In the normal brain, glutamate transporters actively clear the glutamate released synaptically to prevent receptor overactivation and excitotoxicity. Glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) is the most abundant and active glutamate transporter, which mediates the bulk of glutamate uptake. CCI injury significantly decreased GLT-1 mRNA (by 49-66%, P < 0.05) and protein (by 29-44%, P < 0.05) levels in the ipsilateral hippocampus, compared with either the respective contralateral hippocampus or the sham-operated control, 24-72 h after the injury, CCI injury in rats infused with GLT-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) exacerbated the hippocampal neuronal death and mortality, compared with the GLT-1 sense/random ODN-infused controls. At 7 days after the injury, hippocampal neuronal numbers were significantly lower in the CAI (reduced by 32%, P < 0.05), CA2 (by 45%, P < 0.01), CA3 (by 68%, P < 0.01) and dentate gyrus (by 31%, P < 0.05) in GLT-1 antisense ODN-infused rats, compared with the GLT-1 sense/random ODN-infused controls. This study suggested a role for GLT-1 dysfunction in promoting the hippocampal neuronal death after traumatic brain injury. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Psychiat, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Rao, VLR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS28000, NS31220] NR 63 TC 58 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0953-816X J9 EUR J NEUROSCI JI Eur. J. Neurosci. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 13 IS 1 BP 119 EP 128 DI 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2001.01367.x PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 394KJ UT WOS:000166523000012 PM 11135010 ER PT J AU Pandey, JP Cooper, GS Treadwell, EL Gilkeson, GS St Clair, EW Dooley, MA AF Pandey, JP Cooper, GS Treadwell, EL Gilkeson, GS St Clair, EW Dooley, MA TI Immunoglobulin GM and KM allotypes in systemic lupus erythematosus SO EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL IMMUNOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE GM allotype; KM allotype; immunoglobulin; haplotype; linkage; disequilibrium; systemic lupus erythematosus ID AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASES; REVISED CRITERIA; ASSOCIATION; CLASSIFICATION; SCLEROSIS; GENETICS; LINKAGE; GENES; KAPPA; HLA AB Genetic variation in immunoglobulin gamma (GM) and kappa (KM) chains was associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in some studies. However, the data are conflicting, and only one study examined associations in African-Americans. We examined GM and KM allotypes, by race, in a population-based case-control study of SLE. Sera from patients (n = 222) and controls (n = 273) were typed for GM and KM allotypes by a hemagglutination inhibition method. GM phenotypes were not significantly associated with SLE in African-Americans or Caucasians. However, the frequency of KM phenotypes in Caucasian patients was significantly different from that in controls (p = 0.032). KM3,3 was associated with an increased risk, whereas KM1,3 was associated with a lower relative risk of SLE. In African-Americans, however, the pattern of associations with KM phenotypes differed from that in Caucasians, and the overall difference between patients and controls was not statistically significant. Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Durham, NC USA. E Carolina Univ, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol, Greenville, NC USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Med Res Serv, Charleston, SC USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Rheumatol Allergy & Clin Immunol, Durham, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Pandey, JP (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-9670 J9 EXP CLIN IMMUNOGENET JI Exp. Clin. Immunogenet. PY 2001 VL 18 IS 3 BP 117 EP 122 DI 10.1159/000049190 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA 474WZ UT WOS:000171131000001 PM 11549840 ER PT J AU Van Remmen, H Chen, X Mele, J Ran, Q Shibatani, T Prolla, T Richardson, A AF Van Remmen, H Chen, X Mele, J Ran, Q Shibatani, T Prolla, T Richardson, A TI Altered sensitivity to gamma-irradiation and paraquat in mice with genetically modulated antioxidant defense systems SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PY 2001 VL 31 SU 1 MA 382 BP S128 EP S128 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 491EZ UT WOS:000172096200397 ER PT B AU Saporito, JW AF Saporito, JW BE Kelly, TB BermanRossi, T Palombo, S TI Group work for heterosexual couples of mixed HIV status SO GROUP WORK: STRATEGIES FOR STRENGTHENING RESILIENCY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th Annual Symposium on Social Work with Groups CY OCT 15-18, 1998 CL MIAMI, FL SP Barry Univ Sch Social Work C1 Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA BN 0-7890-1472-6 PY 2001 BP 181 EP 201 PG 21 WC Social Work SC Social Work GA BT87C UT WOS:000174318600011 ER PT S AU Walter, CA Zhou, ZQ Manguino, D Ikeno, Y Reddick, R Nelson, J Intano, G Herbert, DC McMahan, CA Hanes, M AF Walter, CA Zhou, ZQ Manguino, D Ikeno, Y Reddick, R Nelson, J Intano, G Herbert, DC McMahan, CA Hanes, M BE Park, SC Hwang, ES Kim, HS Park, WY TI Health span and life span in transgenic mice with modulated DNA repair SO HEALTHY AGING FOR FUNCTIONAL LONGEVITY: MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR INTERACTIONS IN SENESCENCE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Healthy Aging for Functional Longevity CY FEB, 2000 CL KYONGJU, SOUTH KOREA SP Federat Korean Gerontol Soc, Int Assoc BioMed Gerontol, Korea Sci & Engn Fdn, Korea Res Fdn, Korea Res Fdn Hlth Sci, Seoul Natl Univ DE transgenic mice; alkylation damage; aging; hepatocellular carcinoma; MGMT ID MUTATION FREQUENCY; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; CHROMOSOMAL-ABERRATIONS; DIETARY RESTRICTION; HUMAN TRANSFERRIN; OLD MICE; AGE; DAMAGE; BRAIN; CELLS AB One way to better understand the contribution of DNA repair, DNA damage, and mutagenesis in aging would be to enhance DNA repair activity, lower DNA damage, and lower mutagenesis. Because the repair protein O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) acts alone and stoichiometrically, the human MGMT (hMGMT) cDNA was selected to test the feasibility of enhancing DNA repair activity in transgenic mice. MGMT activity is largely responsible for ameliorating the deleterious effects of O-6-methylguanine (O(6)mG) lesions in DNA in a direct reversal mechanism. A transgene was constructed consisting of a portion of the human transferrin (TF) promoter and hMGMT cDNA such that hMGMT is expressed in transgenic mouse brain and liver. Expression of hMGMT was associated with a significant reduction in the occurrence of an age-related hepatocellular carcinoma in male mice at 15 months of age. Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies were initiated to determine whether the reduced incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma would impact median or maximum life span. The cross-sectional study performed on 15-month-old male animals confirmed the reduced occurrence of spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma. At 30 months of age, however, the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in at least one transgenic line was similar to that for nontransgenic animals. The longitudinal study is ongoing; however, at pre-sent no significant differences in life span have been detected. Tissues expressing the MGMT transgene also displayed greater resistance to alkylation-induced tumor formation. These results suggest that transgenes can be used to direct enhanced DNA repair gene expression and that enhanced expression can protect animals from certain spontaneous and induced tumors. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Lab Anim Resources, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Walter, CA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, Mail Code 7762,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG13319, AG13560]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES05798] NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-285-1 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2001 VL 928 BP 132 EP 140 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BT10T UT WOS:000171969700013 PM 11795504 ER PT J AU Marcus, EA Scott, DR AF Marcus, EA Scott, DR TI Cell lysis is responsible for the appearance of extracellular urease in Helicobacter pylori SO HELICOBACTER LA English DT Article DE urease; protein export; gfp; autolysis ID CYTOPLASMIC UREASE; GASTRIC-CARCINOMA; NEGATIVE MUTANT; ACID RESISTANCE; PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; PH; PATHOGENESIS; LOCALIZATION AB Background. Helicobacter pylori is a neutralophilic bacterium that colonizes the acidic human gastric surface using the neutralizing capacity of a constitutively produced urease. Urease is present both in the cytoplasm and bound to the outside surface of the bacteria. The origin of the surface urease continues to be controversial. This study provides additional evidence that the origin of surface urease is cell lysis, not secretion. Methods. H. Pylori was transformed with a plasmid encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP), a non-native cytoplasmic protein. Cultures supplemented with beta -cyclodextrin or horse serum were collected over various time periods and spun through a ficoll cushion to gently separate whole bacteria from released protein. The pellet and supernatant fractions were analyzed by fluorimetry, SDS-PAGE and Coomassie blue or Western analysis. Results. GFP fluorescence and antigenic reactivity in the supernatant increased at each time point. GFP, the non-native cytoplasmic protein, and UreB, a native cytoplasmic protein, increased over time in the supernatant and both proteins were always present in the pellet fraction. UreI, an inner membrane protein, was only present in the pellet fraction. beta -galactosidase, a protein not found in H. pylori, was used as a negative control. Conclusions. Since it is unlikely that there is an intrinsic secretion system for GFP, a non-native protein, its increasing presence over time in the supernate fraction along with UreB, and retention of UreI in the pellet fraction implies that cell lysis accounts for the presence of urease on the surface of H. pylori. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, VAGLAHS, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Scott, DR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, VAGLAHS, Dept Physiol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 113,Room 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK40615]; PHS HHS [17294, 41301] NR 33 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1083-4389 J9 HELICOBACTER JI Helicobacter PY 2001 VL 6 IS 2 BP 93 EP 99 DI 10.1046/j.1523-5378.2001.00014.x PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology GA 444YV UT WOS:000169428900003 PM 11422463 ER PT S AU Ogawa, M Tajima, F Ito, T Sato, T Laver, JH Deguchi, T AF Ogawa, M Tajima, F Ito, T Sato, T Laver, JH Deguchi, T BE Orlic, D Brummendorf, TH Sharkis, SJ Kanz, L TI CD34 expression by murine hematopoietic stem cells - Developmental changes and kinetic alterations SO HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS 2000 BASIC AND CLINICAL SCIENCES SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Genetics and Medicine CY SEP 14-16, 2000 CL TUBINGEN, GERMANY SP AMGEN, KIRIN DE CD34; hematopoietic stem cells; developmental changes ID PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; MARROW-CELLS; BONE-MARROW; IN-VIVO; TRANSPLANTATION; PROGENITOR AB For more than a decade it was believed that hematopoietic stem cells express CD34. However, this dogma was recently challenged by the observation that stem cells of normal adult mice are CD34(-). In order to clarify the controversy, we carried out systematic examination of stem cells by using C57BL/6 mice that are congenic for Ly-5. As reported previously, stem cells in the normal adult mice were CD34(-). However, stem cells stimulated in vivo by 5-flourouracil injection or in vitro by a combination of interleukin-11 and steel factor were CD34(+). The activated CD34(+) stem cells reverted to CD34(-) when the recipients' marrow achieved steady state. The majority of G-CSF-mobilized stem cells also were CD34(+) and reverted to CD34(-) under steady-state conditions. Most recently, we examined the developmental changes of stem cell CD34 expression. In order to gain information on the total population of stem cells we prepared CD34(+) and CD34(-) populations of mononuclear cells without prior enrichment and studied their engrafting potentials. All stem cells from perinatal to 5-week-old mice were CD34(+). In 7-week-old mice CD34(-) stem cells began to emerge, and the majority of the stem cells were CD34(-) in the 10- and 20-week-old mice. An estimated 20% of the adult stem cells expressed CD34. These observations provide insight into the current controversy regarding CD34 expression by adult hematopoietic stem cells. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Ogawa, M (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA78582]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK54197] NR 25 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-295-9 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2001 VL 938 BP 139 EP 145 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Cell Biology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BT12U UT WOS:000172028500016 PM 11458501 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Mason, AC Key, C AF El-Serag, HB Mason, AC Key, C TI Trends in survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma between 1977 and 1996 in the United States SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The recent increase in the incidence of hepatocellular cancer in the United States is thought to underlie the rising mortality of this malignancy. However, it remains unknown whether survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has changed during the same time period. Using the SEER database (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) of the National Cancer Institute, we examined the temporal changes and determinants of survival among patients with histologically proven HCC over a 20-year period. Between 1977 and 1996, 7,389 patients diagnosed with HCC were followed in the survival database of SEER, The overall 1-year relative survival rate increased from 14% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 12-16) during 1977-1981 to 23% (95% CI: 21-24) during 1992 to 1996. Between the same two time periods, less improvement was seen in the S-year survival rates, which increased from 2% (95% CI: 1-3) to only 5% (95% CI: 4-7), The median survival increased slightly from 0.57 years during 1977 to 1981 to 0.64 years during 1992 to 1996, In general, there were no significant differences in survival between men and women or between ethnic groups. During 1987 to 1991, a small fraction (0.8%) of patients underwent radical surgery; these patients had 1-year survival of 59% (95% CI: 35-83%), and 5-year survival of 35% (95% CI: 12-58%). Similar rates were seen during 1992-1996. In conclusion, a small improvement in survival of patients with HCC was seen between 1977 and 1996. Most of this apparent benefit is restricted to the first year following cancer diagnosis, raising the possibility of lead-time bias. There were no significant differences related to gender or ethnicity. C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, Houston, TX 77211 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Albuquerque Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Albuquerque, NM USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico Hosp, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, 152,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77211 USA. NR 12 TC 268 Z9 277 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JAN PY 2001 VL 33 IS 1 BP 62 EP 65 DI 10.1053/jhep.2001.21041 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 387BV UT WOS:000166101000009 PM 11124821 ER PT J AU Anderson, B AF Anderson, B TI g as a consequence of shared genes SO INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE intelligence; genetics; evolution; mutation; g factor ID INTELLIGENCE AB This article argues that g can arise from the effect of shared genes influencing cognitive test performance. Further, the puzzling effect that intercorrelations between cognitive tests are higher at lower ability levels can be accounted for by incorporating the concept of deleterious mutation load. Population genetics holds that one of the determinants of retained genetic variation is deleterious mutation load, and as mutations increase genetic variation, the effect is to yield intercorrelation magnitudes that are inversely correlated to performance. A simple mathematical demonstration of how this occurs is provided. This argument predicts the need for a profound shift of tactics in the search for biological bases of g. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Neurol Serv 127, Dept Neurol, Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. RP Anderson, B (reprint author), Brown Univ, Brain Sci Program, Box 1953, Providence, RI 02912 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0160-2896 J9 INTELLIGENCE JI Intelligence PY 2001 VL 29 IS 5 BP 367 EP 371 DI 10.1016/S0160-2896(01)00069-1 PG 5 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 468WC UT WOS:000170780300001 ER PT J AU Teichner, G Horner, MD Harvey, RT AF Teichner, G Horner, MD Harvey, RT TI Neuropsychological predictors of the attainment of treatment objectives in substance abuse patients SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE adults; drug use; alcohol use; substance abuse; neuropsychological impairment; cognition; treatment outcome ID MEN ALCOHOLICS; COCAINE; RELAPSE; DYSFUNCTION; ACQUISITION; PERSONALITY; IMPAIRMENT; LENGTH; MEMORY; STAY AB This study examined the: contribution of neuropsychological functioning to the attainment of treatment objectives in substance abuse patients. Subjects were 85 patients enrolled in comprehensive, inpatient and outpatient substance abuse treatment at 3 VA Medical Center. Most subjects were diagnosed with Alcohol Dependence or Abuse. and nearly half were seeking treatment for Cocaine Dependence or Abuse. After acute detoxification, but before beginning individualized treatment, subjects were administered a neuropsychological screening battery to assess cognitive functioning and affective status. They then attended a variety of daily group therapies. Each therapy group had its own set of specific treatment objectives. on each treatment day, group therapists rated each patient's attainment of the specific objectives for their group. Groups included Assertiveness Training (Levels I and II). Stress Management (Levels I and II). Social Skills Training. Job Skills. Relapse Prevention (Levels I and II). Leisure Planning. Leisure Skills, Occupational Therapy, and 12-Step Study. Stepwise multiple regression indicated that the best predictors of overall objective attainment were better attention (WMS-R Digits Backwards) and less depressive symptomatology (Beck Depression Inventor?;). These results suggest that attention and mood have a modest yet significant impact on the success of treatment interventions for substance abuse patients. Thus, evaluation of cognitive as well as affective factors in substance abuse patients might be helpful in designing and implementing specialized interventions to maximize the likelihood of treatment success. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ralph H Johnson Dept, Charleston, SC USA. RP Teichner, G (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St,Suite 124,POB 250626, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RI Reis, Aline/G-9573-2012 NR 36 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 4 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING RG1 8JL, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0020-7454 J9 INT J NEUROSCI JI Int. J. Neurosci. PY 2001 VL 106 IS 3-4 BP 253 EP 263 DI 10.3109/00207450109149753 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 420MQ UT WOS:000168009100011 PM 11264924 ER PT J AU Green, MJ Fong, S Mauger, DT Ubel, PA AF Green, MJ Fong, S Mauger, DT Ubel, PA TI Rationing HIV medications: What do patients and the public think about allocation policies? SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; AIDS; rationing; economics; ethics; health policy ID OREGON HEALTH PLAN; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT; AIDS; TRANSPLANTATION; PRIORITIES; SERVICES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CLINICIAN; PROGRESS AB Background: New medications for treating HIV/AIDS are effective, but expensive, and funding shortfalls have led many state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs) to ration these drugs. Little is known about the views of those most directly affected by rationing policies. This study explores attitudes of patients with HIV and the general public toward specific rationing strategies. Methods: A Likert-style, self-administered questionnaire about rationing expensive HIV medications in the context of a budget shortfall was administered to patients with HIV and shopping mall patrons in central Pennsylvania. Subjects were asked how much they agreed or disagreed with seven drug rationing policies. Results: In all, 100 patients and 101 shoppers completed the sun ey (response rate = 89%). A majority in both groups "strongly" or "somewhat" disagreed with six of the seven rationing policies described, and patients more strongly disagreed with the policies than did the public. The five policies actually used by state ADAPs (first come first serve, limiting expensive medicines, limiting new patient enrollment, giving the expensive medicines to the sickest, using a spending cap) lacked support in either group. Conclusions: HIV drug rationing policies currently in use do not reflect the preferences of patients and the public. Integrating the views of those affected by the rationing decisions would raise difficult challenges to current programs. C1 Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Coll Med, Dept Humanities, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Hlth Evaluat Sci, Hershey, PA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Green, MJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Coll Med, Dept Humanities, H134,500 Univ Dr, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. RI Andrade, Hugo/M-6631-2013 OI Andrade, Hugo/0000-0001-6781-6125 NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. PD JAN 1 PY 2001 VL 26 IS 1 BP 56 EP 62 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 393YQ UT WOS:000166497600007 PM 11176269 ER PT J AU Gordon, AJ Wentz, CM Gibbon, JL Mason, AD Freyder, PJ O'Toole, TP AF Gordon, AJ Wentz, CM Gibbon, JL Mason, AD Freyder, PJ O'Toole, TP TI Relationships between patient characteristics and unsuccessful substance abuse detoxification SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTIVE DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 29-MAY 01, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Gen Internal Med DE substance-related disorders; substance withdrawal syndrome; substance abuse treatment centers ID ALCOHOL-WITHDRAWAL; INPATIENT AB Objective: History and laboratory evaluations are common for patients entering substance abuse detoxification programs. We sought to identify if patient history and laboratory characteristics entering a detoxification program were associated with unsuccessful detoxification. Design: Retrospective cohort study of 186 patients of a residential-inpatient short-term medical detoxification facility. Unsuccessful detoxification was defined as leaving for urgent medical referral or against program advice. Results: Patients were predominantly male, middle-aged, minority unemployed, and poly-substance users. Twenty-four patients (13%) did not complete the detoxification program (4 left for urgent medical referral, 20 left against program advice). Unsuccessful detoxification was associated with nausea and/or vomiting ip = 0.032), Caucasian race = 0.002), and opiates as a drug elf choice (p = 0.018). Laboratory normalities were common but none were associated with unsuccessful detoxification. Conclusions: For patients admitted to a medically monitored detoxification facility, few patient characteristics were associated with detoxification outcome. Routine admission laboratories without clinical correlation may be unwarranted. (C) 2001 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Pittsburgh HealthCare Syst, Gen Internal Med Sect, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Salvat Army Publ Inebriate Program, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Gordon, AJ (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh HealthCare Syst, Gen Internal Med Sect, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1055-0887 J9 J ADDICT DIS JI J. Addict. Dis. PY 2001 VL 20 IS 2 BP 41 EP 53 PG 13 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 423QT UT WOS:000168188800004 PM 11318396 ER PT J AU Weinrieb, RM Van Horn, DHA McLellan, AT Volpicelli, JR Calarco, JS Lucey, MR AF Weinrieb, RM Van Horn, DHA McLellan, AT Volpicelli, JR Calarco, JS Lucey, MR TI Drinking behavior and motivation for treatment among alcohol-dependent liver transplant candidates SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTIVE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE alcohol dependence; alcoholism treatment; liver transplant; motivation ID C VIRUS-INFECTION; DISEASE; RISK; PSYCHOTHERAPY; CONSUMPTION; CIRRHOSIS; HISTORY AB Alcohol misuse is the second most common indication for liver transplantation in the United States. Our post-transplant alcoholism treatment trial suggested that current interventions might not he transferable to liver transplantees. We sought to identify differences between patients awaiting liver transplantation and alcoholics entering treatment without severe liver disease. Thirty transplant patients were compared to thirty naltrexone study patients on medical status, alcohol and drug use, alcohol craving, motivation for treatment, psychiatric symptoms, anti psychosocial problems. Lifetime alcohol consumption was greater for transplant patients compared to naltrexone patients. In contrast to the naltrexone group, transplant patients denied craving for alcohol and showed little motivation for alcoholism treatment. Groups did not differ on other psychosocial measures. Liver transplant patients differ from patients in alcoholism treatment trials on measures of alcohol consumption, alcohol craving and motivation for treatment. Alcoholism interventions should accommodate their medical condition and boost motivation for continued abstinence. (C) 2001 by The Haworth Press Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, Treatment Res Ctr,Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Horizon Mental Hlth, N Wales, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Weinrieb, RM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, Treatment Res Ctr,Sch Med, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [1R01AA12299-01, R01-AA-07517]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA07705] NR 25 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 1 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1055-0887 J9 J ADDICT DIS JI J. Addict. Dis. PY 2001 VL 20 IS 2 BP 105 EP 119 PG 15 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 423QT UT WOS:000168188800009 PM 11318394 ER PT J AU Kellogg, DL Liu, Y Pergola, PE AF Kellogg, DL Liu, Y Pergola, PE TI Genome and Hormones: Gender differences in physiology - Selected contribution: Gender differences in the endothelin-B receptor contribution to basal cutaneous vascular tone in humans SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE skin blood flow; laser-Doppler flowmetry; microdialysis ID BLOOD-FLOW; HUMAN SKIN; ACTIVE VASODILATION; NITRIC-OXIDE; TAIL ARTERY; HEAT-STRESS; NEUROTRANSMISSION; COTRANSMISSION; ANTAGONIST; POTENT AB To test whether the contribution of endothelin-B (ET-B) receptors to resting vascular tone differs between genders, we administered the ET-B receptor antagonist BQ-788 into the forearm skin of 11 male and 11 female subjects by intradermal microdialysis. Skin blood flow was measured using laser-Doppler flowmetry at the microdialysis site. The probe was perfused with Ringer solution alone, followed by BQ-788 (150 nM) and finally sodium nitroprusside (28 mM) to effect maximal cutaneous vasodilation. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated (laser-Doppler flowmetry/mean arterial pressure) and normalized to maximal levels (% max). In male subjects, baseline CVC was (mean +/- SE) 19 +/- 3% max and increased to 26 +/- 5% max with BQ-788 (P< 0.05 vs. baseline). In female subjects, baseline CVC was 13 +/- 1% max and decreased to 10 +/- 1% max in response to BQ-788. CVC responses to BQ-788 differed with gender (P< 0.05); thus the contribution of ET-B receptors to resting cutaneous vascular tone differs between men and women. In men, ET-B receptors mediate tonic vasoconstriction, whereas, in women, ET-B receptors mediate tonic vasodilation. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp Div, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Kellogg, DL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-65599]; NIA NIH HHS [AG-15189] NR 28 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PY 2001 VL 91 IS 5 BP 2407 EP 2411 PG 5 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 486NN UT WOS:000171824000065 PM 11641388 ER PT J AU Klein, RF Shea, M Gunness, ME Pelz, GB Belknap, JK Orwoll, ES AF Klein, RF Shea, M Gunness, ME Pelz, GB Belknap, JK Orwoll, ES TI Phenotypic characterization of mice bred for high and low peak bone mass SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE genetics; bone mineral density; histomorphometry; biomechanics; mouse; osteoporosis ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MINERAL DENSITY; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; WHITE-CHILDREN; HIP FRACTURE; OLDER WOMEN; ILIAC BONE; AGE; BLACK; OSTEOPOROSIS AB In humans, peak bone mineral density (BMD) is a highly heritable trait and a strong determinant of subsequent osteoporotic fracture risk. To identify the genetic factors responsible for variation in peak BMD, investigators have turned to animal models. In this study we examined the heritability of BMD acquisition and characterized differences in skeletal geometry, histomorphometry, and biomechanical competence between two lines of mice artificially selected for extremes of peak whole body BMD, F-2 progeny from a cross between C57BL/6 and DBA/2 inbred strains was used as the foundation population to develop lines selected for either high or low BMD, Whole body BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), By the third generation of selection, highest-scoring BMD (HiBMD) mice exhibited 14% greater peak BMD than lowest-scoring BMD (LoBMD) mice. The mean realized heritability of peak BMD was 36%, Femoral shaft cortical area and thickness and vertebral cancellous bone volume (BV) were significantly greater (16-30%) in the HiBMD line compared with the LoBMD line, Mean cancellous bone formation rates (BFRs) were 35% lower in HiBMD mice compared with LoBMD mice. Failure load and stiffness in the femoral shaft, femoral neck, and L6 vertebrae were all substantially greater (by 25-190%) in HiBMD mice, Thus, these divergently selected murine lines serve to illustrate some of the means by which genetic mechanisms can affect skeletal structure and remodeling. Identification of the individual genes influencing peak BMD in this experimental system will likely reveal some of the genetic determinants of overall bone strength. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Bone & Mineral Unit CR113, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Orthopaed, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Behav Neurosci, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Klein, RF (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Bone & Mineral Unit CR113, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Orwoll, Eric/0000-0002-8520-7355 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [P60 AA010760, AA 10760]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR044659-08, R01 AR044659, AR 44659] NR 36 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 16 IS 1 BP 63 EP 71 DI 10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.1.63 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 384PZ UT WOS:000165955200009 PM 11149491 ER PT J AU Baltathakis, L Alcantara, O Boldt, DH AF Baltathakis, L Alcantara, O Boldt, DH TI Expression of different NF-kappa B pathway genes in dendritic cells (DCs) or macrophages assessed by gene expression profiling SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE NF-kappa B; dendritic cells; macrophages; cDNA arrays ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-2; MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1; SERIAL ANALYSIS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; TRANSCRIPTION; RELB; MATURATION; FAMILY AB NF-kappaB/Rel transcription factors have been implicated in the differentiation of monocytes to either dendritic cells (DCs) or macrophages, as well as in the maturation of DCs from antigen-processing to antigen-presenting cells. Recent studies of the expression pattern of Rel proteins and their inhibitors (I kappa BS) suggest that their regulation during this differentiation process is transcriptional. To investigate differential gene expression between macrophages and DCs, we used commercially available gene microarrays (GEArray KIT), which included four of the NF-kappaB/Rel family genes (p50/p1 05, p52/p100, ReIB, and c-rel) and 32 additional genes either in the NF-kappaB signal transduction pathway or under transcriptional control of NF-kappaB/Rel factors. To generate macrophages and DCs, human adherent peripheral blood monocytes were cultured with M-CSF or GM-CSF+IL-4 respectively for up to 8 days. DCs (and in some experiments, macrophages) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for the last 48 h of culture to induce maturation. Cells were harvested after 7 days, cDNA was prepared and radiolabeled with alpha-P-32-dCTP, then hybridized to gene arrays containing specific gene probes. P-actin and GAPDH or PUC18 oligonucleotides served as positive or negative controls, respectively. The expression of all four NF-kappaB/Rel family genes examined was significantly upregulated in maturing DCs compared to macrophages. The strongest difference was observed for c-rel. RT-PCR determinations of c-rel, RelB, and p105 mRNAs confirmed these observations. Among the 32 NF-kappaB/Rel pathway genes, 14 were upregulated in mature DCs compared to macrophages. These genes were I kappaB alpha, IKK-beta, NIK, ICAM-1, P-selectin, E-selectin, TNF-alpha, TNFR2, TNFAIP3, IL-1 alpha, IL-1R1, IL-1R2, IRAK, and TANK. By contrast, only mcp-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein 1) was upregulated in macrophages compared to DCs. NF-KB pathway genes upregulated in DCs compared to macrophages were constitutively expressed in monocytes then selectively downregulated during macrophage but not DC differentiation. LPS did not induce expression of most of these genes in macrophages but LPS did induce upregulation of IL-8 in mature macrophages. We conclude that NF-kappaB/Rel family genes, especially c-rel, are selectively expressed during differentiation of monocytes towards DCs. Moreover, this differential expression is associated both with activation of different NF-kappaB signal transduction pathways in DCs and macrophages and with expression of a unique subset of genes in DCs that are transcriptionally targeted by NF-kappaB/Rel factors. The results illustrate the ability of the NF-kappaB pathway to respond to differentiation stimuli by activating in a cell-specific manner unique signalling pathways and subsets of NF-kappaB target genes. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Boldt, DH (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Mail Code 7880,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 32 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 11 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PY 2001 VL 83 IS 2 BP 281 EP 290 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 475BJ UT WOS:000171141500011 ER PT J AU Fang, MA Glackin, CA Sadhu, A McDougall, S AF Fang, MA Glackin, CA Sadhu, A McDougall, S TI Transcriptional regulation of alpha 2(1) collagen gene expression by fibroblast growth factor-2 in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE FGF-2; transcription factor; helix-loop-helix; Egr-1; osteoblast ID SAETHRE-CHOTZEN-SYNDROME; EGR-1 MESSENGER-RNA; EARLY-RESPONSE GENES; C-FOS; TWIST; PROTEIN; ACID; DIFFERENTIATION; ENHANCEMENT; ACTIVATION AB Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) stimulates proliferation and inhibits differentiated function of osteoblasts by suppressing synthesis of type I collagen and other proteins. However, little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms regulating the suppressive effects of FGF-2 on type I collagen synthesis in osteoblasts. The zinc finger transcription factor Egr-1: and the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of proteins have been implicated in the regulation of genes crucial to mesodermal cell growth and differentiation. The aim of this study was to determine whether Egr-1 and TWIST might be potential transcriptional regulators of the inhibitory effects of FGF-2 on alpha2(I) collagen expression in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts which undergo a developmental sequence in vitro. Upon treatment of undifferentiated MC3T3-E1 cells with 1 nM FGF-2, Egr-1 mRNA increased with the effect maximal after 30-60 min. TWIST mRNA also increased with the effect maximal at 2 h. We analyzed the transcriptional control of alpha2(I) collagen gene expression by FGF-2 by transient transfection of an alpha2(I) collagen-luciferase construct (pH5) into undifferentiated MC3T3-E1 cells. The activity of the pH5 luciferase promoter decreased in a dose-dependent manner following treatment with.01 and 1 nM FGF-2. We identified putative Egr-1: and TWIST recognition sequences in the proximal region of the promoter for the murine alpha2(I) collagen gene and a putative Egr-1 site in the 5' region of the murine TWIST promoter. In gel mobility shift assays, potential Egr-1 response elements in the 5' region of the murine TWIST and alpha2(I) collagen genes demonstrated specific Egr-1 binding activity with bFGF-treated nuclear extracts obtained from MC3T3-E1 cells. These results indicate that Egr-1 and TWIST are expressed in undifferentiated MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells following treatment with FGF-2 and they may be potential transcriptional regulators of FGF-2s negative effects on alpha2(I) collagen gene expression. J. Cell. Biochem. 80:550-559, 2001. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.dagger C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, GRECC 11G, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Div Mol Med, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. RP Fang, MA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, GRECC 11G, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [K12 AG-00489] NR 42 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PY 2001 VL 80 IS 4 BP 550 EP 559 DI 10.1002/1097-4644(20010315)80:4<550::AID-JCB1009>3.3.CO;2-T PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 398KA UT WOS:000166754600010 PM 11169739 ER PT J AU Leach, RJ Singer, FR Roodman, GD AF Leach, RJ Singer, FR Roodman, GD TI Genetics of endocrine disease - The genetics of Paget's disease of the bone SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID OSTEOCLASTOGENESIS-INHIBITORY FACTOR; FAMILIAL EXPANSILE OSTEOLYSIS; CHROMOSOME 18Q; LINKAGE; OSTEOPROTEGERIN; LIGAND; HLA; DIFFERENTIATION; TUMOR C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. St Johns Hosp & Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol 7880, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM roodman@uthscsa.edu NR 39 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 86 IS 1 BP 24 EP 28 DI 10.1210/jc.86.1.24 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 395KT UT WOS:000166580100005 PM 11231972 ER PT J AU Pisegna, JR AF Pisegna, JR TI Switching between intravenous and oral pantoprazole SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE proton pump; pantoprazole; gastroesophageal reflux; Zollinger-Ellison syndrome; peptic ulcer; stress ulcer; syndrome; acid aspiration ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE; PROTON-PUMP INHIBITORS; ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME; STRESS-ULCER PROPHYLAXIS; GASTRIC-ACID SECRETION; NONCARDIAC CHEST PAIN; PEPTIC-ULCER; INTRAGASTRIC PH; DOUBLE-BLIND; OMEPRAZOLE SUSPENSION AB Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most effective antisecretory drugs available for controlling gastric acid acidity and volume. They are the drugs of choice in the treatment of moderate-to-severe gastroesophageal reflux disease, hypersecretory disorders, and peptic ulcers. Currently in the United States, they are only available in an oral formulation. However, pantoprazole will soon be available in an intravenous formulation and will extend the power of PPIs to inpatient hospital settings. Intravenous pantoprazole has been shown to be effective and safe in clinical trials. Intravenous pantoprazole is indicated for the treatment of patients who require PPI therapy but who are unable to take oral medication. Intravenous pantoprazole has been shown to maintain acid suppression in patients switched from oral PPIs, so no change in dosage is required when switching from one formulation to the other. Potential hospital-based uses for intravenous PPI therapy include perioperative use as prophylaxis for acid aspiration syndrome during induction of anesthesia, prophylaxis for stress-related mucosal disease, and management of gastrointestinal bleeding from stress or acid peptic disease. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Pisegna, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Bldg 115,Room 315,1301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 62 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0192-0790 J9 J CLIN GASTROENTEROL JI J. Clin. Gastroenterol. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 32 IS 1 BP 27 EP 32 DI 10.1097/00004836-200101000-00007 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 385XX UT WOS:000166031400007 PM 11154164 ER PT J AU Perea, S Fothergill, AW Sutton, DA Rinaldi, MG AF Perea, S Fothergill, AW Sutton, DA Rinaldi, MG TI Comparison of in vitro activities of voriconazole and five established antifungal agents against different species of dermatophytes using a broth macrodilution method SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; AMPHOTERICIN-B; SUSCEPTIBILITIES; ITRACONAZOLE; FLUCONAZOLE; UK-109,496; PATHOGENS; CONIDIA; COMMON AB The in vitro activities of voriconazole against 19 different species of dermatophytes were compared with those of terbinafine, itraconazole, ketoconazole, griseofulvin, and fluconazole. MICs were determined according to a National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards broth macrodilution method. Voriconazole appeared more active than ketoconazole, griseofulvin, and fluconazole and less active than itraconazole and terbinafine. Based on these results, voriconazole merits further investigation as a potentially useful agent for the treatment of dermatophytosis. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Perea, S (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7881, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 18 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 39 IS 1 BP 385 EP 388 DI 10.1128/JCM.39.1.385-388.2001 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 393KZ UT WOS:000166468900070 PM 11136808 ER PT J AU Clark, JA Wray, NP Ashton, CM AF Clark, JA Wray, NP Ashton, CM TI Living with treatment decisions: Regrets and quality of life among men treated for metastatic prostate cancer SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OF-LIFE; PATIENT SATISFACTION; HEALTH-CARE; OUTCOMES; SCALE AB Purpose: To examine variation in men's long-term regret of treatment decisions, ie, surgical versus chemical castration, for metastatic prostate cancer and its associations with quality of life. Methods: Survey of previously treated patients to assess treatment decisions and quality of life, supplemented with focus groups. Two items addressing whether a patient wished he could change his mind and the belief that he would have been better off with the treatment not chosen were combined in classifying survey respondents as either satisfied or regretful. chi (2) and t tests were used to test associations between regret and treatment history, complications, and quality of life. Results: Survey respondents included 201 men aged 45 to 93 years (median, 71 years), who had begun treatment (71% chemical castration, 29% orchiectomy) a median of 2 years previously, Most reported complications: hot flashes (70%), nausea (34%), and erectile dysfunction (81%). Most were satisfied with the treatment decision, but 23% expressed regret. Regretful men more frequently reported surgical (43%) versus chemical (36%) castration (P = .030) and nausea in the past week (54% v 32%; P = .010) but less frequently reported erectile dysfunction (56% v 72%; P = .048). Regretful men indicated poorer scores on every measure of generic and prostate cancer-related quality of life. Qualitative analyses revealed substantial uncertainty about the progress of their disease and the quality of the decisions in which patients participated. Conclusion: Regret was substantial and associated with treatment choice and quality of life. It may derive from underlying psychosocial distress and problematic communication with physicians when decisions are being reached and over subsequent years. J Clin Oncol 19:72-80. (C) 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Edith Nourse Rogers Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Ctr Hlth Qual Outcomes & Econ Res, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, Houston, TX USA. RP Clark, JA (reprint author), Edith Nourse Rogers Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Ctr Hlth Qual Outcomes & Econ Res, 200 Springs Rd, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. NR 31 TC 114 Z9 116 U1 2 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JAN 1 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 1 BP 72 EP 80 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 389FT UT WOS:000166228500009 PM 11134197 ER PT J AU Wirshing, DA AF Wirshing, DA TI Adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Restoring Harmony - Adding Life to Years CY JUN 16-17, 2000 CL SEVILLE, SPAIN ID ONSET DIABETES-MELLITUS; WEIGHT-GAIN; OLANZAPINE; CLOZAPINE; SEROTONIN; OBESITY; QUETIAPINE; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; RAT AB Atypical antipsychotics have the potential to cause weight gain and derangement of glucose metabolism. These side effects can lead to obesity, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia and should be considered in the management of the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Wirshing, DA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 35 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 4 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 2001 VL 62 SU 21 BP 7 EP 10 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 478FQ UT WOS:000171332600002 PM 11584988 ER PT J AU Wirshing, WC AF Wirshing, WC TI Movement disorders associated with neuroleptic treatment SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Restoring Harmony - Adding Life to Years CY JUN 16-17, 2000 CL SEVILLE, SPAIN ID TOXIN TYPE-B; TARDIVE-DYSKINESIA; OLDER PATIENTS; SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYNDROMES; CERVICAL DYSTONIA; RISPERIDONE; HALOPERIDOL; CLOZAPINE; EFFICACY AB Neuroleptic-induced movement disorders, or extrapyramidal side effects (EPS), can be classified into acute and tardive syndromes. Among the former are parkinsonism, dystonia, and akathisia. Conventional neuroleptics that have traditionally been used to treat psychiatric disorders are often associated with EPS. The newer atypical antipsychotics provide a more-promising treatment strategy for psychiatric disorders and have a lower potential for producing EPS than conventional neuroleptics. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Wirshing, WC (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 36 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 1 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 2001 VL 62 SU 21 BP 15 EP 18 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 478FQ UT WOS:000171332600004 PM 11584982 ER PT J AU Frazer, A AF Frazer, A TI Serotonergic and noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors: Prediction of clinical effects from in vitro potencies SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Remission of Anxiety-Related Disorders CY OCT 06, 2000 CL WASHTINGTON, D.C. ID RAT-BRAIN SYNAPTOSOMES; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; DEPRESSED-PATIENTS; DORSAL RAPHE; QUANTITATIVE AUTORADIOGRAPHY; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE RELEASE; ANTAGONIST MIRTAZAPINE; LOCUS-COERULEUS; PLASMA-LEVELS; UPTAKE SITES AB This article reviews the pharmacology of antidepressants, particularly focusing on those that act acutely by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine (NE) and/or serotonin (5-HT). Such drugs have a very wide range of potencies, measured in vitro, to inhibit the reuptake of these biogenic amines. As a group, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most potent at inhibiting the reuptake of 5-HT Some tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as desipramine and nortriptyline, are much more potent at blocking NE reuptake than 5-HT reuptake, as is the new non-TCA drug reboxetine. Among SSRIs, paroxetine is most potent at blocking the reuptake of NE. When considering whether such potencies measured in vitro translate into pharmacologic effects clinically, it is necessary to know how much drug gets to its site of therapeutic action, presumably the brain. Most, but not all, antidepressants are extensively bound to plasma proteins, and this binding limits considerably the penetration of these drugs across the blood-brain barrier. The amount of drug present in the extracellular fluid (ECF) of brain approximates the non-protein-bound drug concentration in plasma. Comparison of the concentration of antidepressants in ECF with their potencies to inhibit the reuptake of 5-HT and/or NE reveals why some drugs block the reuptake of these biogenic amines in either a selective or nonselective manner. This analysis reveals that venlafaxine may be unique among antidepressants in having a dose-dependent nonselectivity; at low doses it acts primarily as an SSRI, but at higher doses it inhibits the reuptake of NE as well. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Frazer, A (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7764, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 53 TC 80 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 2 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 2001 VL 62 SU 12 BP 16 EP 23 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 446RJ UT WOS:000169526000004 PM 11430614 ER PT J AU Allison, DB Casey, DE AF Allison, DB Casey, DE TI Antipsychotic-induced weight gain: A review of the literature SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Weight Gain - A Growing Problem in Schizophrenia Management CY AUG 08, 1999 CL HAMBURG, GERMANY ID BODY-WEIGHT; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS; FLUPHENAZINE DECANOATE; PSYCHIATRIC-PATIENTS; PSYCHOTIC-PATIENTS; DIABETES-MELLITUS; CLINICAL-TRIALS; UNITED-STATES; CLOZAPINE; OLANZAPINE AB With the availability of the so-called novel antipsychotic agents, extrapyramidal symptoms are becoming decreasingly problematic for patients with schizophrenia, and simultaneously, a new symptom is emerging as a preeminent concern. This side effect is weight gain and its metabolic concomitants. This article reviews what is currently known about antipsychotic-induced weight gain, describes the magnitude of the problem, briefly touches on mechanisms of action, and addresses the correlation of interindividual variations in magnitude of weight gain. In addition, we address questions about the effects of weight gain on compliance and whether or not there is a correlation between weight gain and therapeutic efficacy. Finally, we address medical consequences of weight gain and review the literature supporting various treatment options for antipsychotic-induced weight gain. As will be seen, this is an area of research in its infancy, and much work remains to be done. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Birmingham, AL 35295 USA. Columbia Univ, St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp Ctr, Obes Res Ctr, New York, NY USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Oregon Reg Primate Res Ctr, Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Allison, DB (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, 327 Ryals Publ Hlth Bldg,1665 Univ Bldg, Birmingham, AL 35295 USA. OI Allison, David/0000-0003-3566-9399 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK51716, DK26687]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH36657] NR 94 TC 429 Z9 452 U1 4 U2 15 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 2001 VL 62 SU 7 BP 22 EP 31 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 429XL UT WOS:000168543200004 PM 11346192 ER PT J AU Pettinati, HM AF Pettinati, HM TI The use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in treating alcoholic subtypes SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Pharmacological Treatment of Alcohol Abuse and Addiction CY FEB 28, 2000 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; DEPRESSED ALCOHOLICS; DOUBLE-BLIND; CONSUMMATORY BEHAVIORS; SERTRALINE TREATMENT; MENTAL-DISORDERS; FLUOXETINE; DEPENDENCE; ETHANOL; TRYPTOPHAN AB The usefulness of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to treat alcohol dependence continues to be a subject of debate. Most recently, investigations have tried to predict whether a given patient will respond to SSRIs in terms of reducing excessive alcohol drinking. The subtyping of alcohol-dependent individuals has ranged from relatively simple classifications (e.g., presence of comorbid depression) to more complex classifications (e.g.,., potential to have abnormalities in serotonin [5-HT] neurotransmission). Although only a few studies have been completed, results thus far indicate that alcoholic subgroups are differentially responsive to 5-HT pharmacotherapy with respect to drinking-related outcomes. In addition, there are preliminary results encouraging the use of SSRIs in combination with other medications for treating alcohol dependence in patients with and without comorbid psychiatric disorders. Information from these studies is promising, suggesting the need for further investigation. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Study Addict,Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Pettinati, HM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Study Addict,Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01-AA09544] NR 75 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 4 U2 4 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 2001 VL 62 SU 20 BP 26 EP 31 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 478UW UT WOS:000171364600005 PM 11584872 ER PT J AU Lewinsohn, DM Zhu, LQ Madison, VJ Dillon, DC Fling, SP Reed, SG Grabstein, KH Alderson, MR AF Lewinsohn, DM Zhu, LQ Madison, VJ Dillon, DC Fling, SP Reed, SG Grabstein, KH Alderson, MR TI Classically restricted human CD8(+) T lymphocytes derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected cells: Definition of antigenic specificity SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN ANTIGENS; BOVIS BCG; RESPONSES; MICE; VACCINATION; IMMUNITY; CLONING; ESAT-6; CD4(+); CLONES AB Previous studies in murine and human models have suggested an important role for HCA Ia-restricted CD8(+) T cells in host defense to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), Therefore, understanding the Ags presented via HLA-Ia will be important in understanding the host response to Mtb and in rational vaccine design, We have used monocyte-derived dendritic cells in a limiting dilution analysis to generate Mtb-specific CD8(+) T cells. Two HLA-Ia-restricted CD8(+) T cell clones derived by this method were selected for detailed analysis. One was HLA-B44 restricted, and the other was HLA-B14 restricted. Both were found to react with Mtb-infected, but not bacillus Calmette-Guerin-infected, targets. For both these clones, the Ag was identified as culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP10)/Mtb11, a 10.8-kDa protein not expressed by bacillus Calmette-Guerin. Both clones were inhibited by the anti-class I Ab and anti-HLA-B,C Abs, Using a panel of CFP10/Mtb11-derived 15-aa peptides overlapping by 11 aa, the region containing the epitopes for both clones has been defined. Minimal IO-aa epitopes were defined for both clones. CD8(+) effector cells specific for these two epitopes are present at high frequency in the circulating pool. Moreover, the CD8(+) T cell response to CFP10/Mtb11 can be largely accounted for by the two epitopes defined herein, suggesting that this is the immunodominant response for this purified protein derivative-positive donor. This study represents the first time CD8(+) T cells generated against Mtb-infected APC have been used to elucidate an Mtb-specific CD8(+) T cell Ag. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Corixa Corp, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Lewinsohn, DM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 3710 US Vet Rd, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RI Lewinsohn, David/I-4936-2013 OI Lewinsohn, David/0000-0001-9906-9494 FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01AI75320, 1K08AI01644] NR 37 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JAN 1 PY 2001 VL 166 IS 1 BP 439 EP 446 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 385PG UT WOS:000166012400055 PM 11123322 ER PT J AU Bohning, DE He, L George, MS Epstein, CM AF Bohning, DE He, L George, MS Epstein, CM TI Deconvolution of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) maps SO JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION LA English DT Article DE transcranial magnetic stimulation; cerebral cortex; brain mapping; deconvolution; motor cortex ID HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX; HUMAN CEREBRAL-CORTEX; BRAIN-STIMULATION; HAND MUSCLE; EXCITATION; DEPRESSION; REPRESENTATION; CONNECTIVITY; MODULATION; RESPONSES AB Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive method for local stimulation of cerebral cortex using a small coil's pulsed magnetic field. TMS response maps consist of measured responses to stimulations at points on a scalp-referenced grid and are used to study the topography of the brain's inhibitory and excitatory response. Because the magnetic field distributions of stimulation coils are 1-2 centimeters wide and 2-3 centimeters long, and the induced electric fields are even broader, the resolution of TMS maps is limited and the actual region of cortical stimulation is poorly defined. To better characterize the activation pattern, a practical mathematical procedure was developed for deconvolving a spherical model approximation of the coil's induced electric field distribution (here measured in a phantom) from the TMS response maps. This procedure offers an integrated, internally consistent method for processing TMS response maps to estimate the spatial distribution of motor cortex activations and inhibitions. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Bohning, DE (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 43 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0300-9564 J9 J NEURAL TRANSM JI J. Neural Transm. PY 2001 VL 108 IS 1 BP 35 EP 52 DI 10.1007/s007020170095 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 397VA UT WOS:000166717200005 PM 11261745 ER PT J AU Ruppel, RA Kochanek, PM Adelson, PD Rose, ME Wisniewski, SR Bell, MJ Clark, RSB Marion, DW Graham, SH AF Ruppel, RA Kochanek, PM Adelson, PD Rose, ME Wisniewski, SR Bell, MJ Clark, RSB Marion, DW Graham, SH TI Excitatory amino acid concentrations in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid after severe traumatic brain injury in infants and children: The role of child abuse SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Congress of the American-Academy-of-Pediatrics CY OCT 16-19, 1998 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Acad Pediat ID SHAKEN-BABY SYNDROME; NONACCIDENTAL HEAD-INJURY; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DEVELOPING RAT-BRAIN; METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; NEUROTOXICITY; BLOCKADE; RELEASE; CSF AB Background: Excitotoxicity is an important mechanism in secondary neuronal injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Excitatory amino acids (EAAs) are increased in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in adults after TBI; however, studies in pediatric head trauma are lacking. We hypothesized that CSF glutamate, aspartate, and glycine would be increased after TBI in children and that these increases would be associated with age, child abuse, poor outcome, and cerebral ischemia. Methods: EAAs were measured in 66 CSF samples from 18 children after severe TBI. Control samples were obtained from 19 children who received lumbar punctures to rule out meningitis. Results: Peak and mean CSF glycine and peak CSF glutamate levels were increased versus control values. Subgroups of patients with TBI were compared by using univariate regression analysis. Massive increases in CSF glutamate were found in children <4 years old and in child abuse victims. Increased CSF glutamate and glycine were associated with poor outcome. A trend toward an association between high glutamate concentration and ischemic blood flow was observed. Conclusions: CSF EAAs are increased in infants and children with severe TBI. Young age and child abuse were associated with extremely high CSF glutamate concentrations after TBI. A possible role for excitotoxicity after pediatric TBI is supported. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med,Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res,Dept Pediat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res,Dept Neurol Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res,Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med,Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Kochanek, PM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med,Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, 3434 5th Ave,Suite 201, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RI Kochanek, Patrick/D-2371-2015 OI Kochanek, Patrick/0000-0002-2627-913X; Wisniewski, Stephen/0000-0002-3877-9860 NR 34 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 6 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 138 IS 1 BP 18 EP 25 DI 10.1067/mpd.2001.110979 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 393PK UT WOS:000166478700005 PM 11148507 ER PT J AU Powe, BD AF Powe, BD TI Cancer fatalism among elderly African American women: Predictors of the intensity of the perceptions SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cancer fatalism; African Americans; elderly ID FECAL-OCCULT-BLOOD; COLORECTAL-CANCER; PERSPECTIVES; PREVENTION; STATISTICS AB Cancer Fatalism has been identified as a barrier to colorectal cancer screening among the rural elderly, yet cancer fatalism may not be an all-or-none phenomenon, which suggests higher levels of cancer fatalism may have a more significant influence on screening behaviors. Therefore, this descriptive study attempted to differentiate higher and lower levels of cancer fatalism and to identify predictors of high levels of fatalism among 204 elderly African American women who attended senior citizen centers in a southern state. Data were collected using the Powe Fatalism Inventory, the Knowledge of Colorectal Cancer Questionnaire. and the Demographic Data Questionnaire. The scores among women with high levels of fatalism were twice as high as the other women's scores. These women also were older, had less education, had less knowledge about colorectal cancer, and were more likely to have lower annual incomes. Age, education, and knowledge about the disease predicted high levels of fatalism. More research is needed to identify additional predictors of high levels of fatalism and to establish trends in screening behaviors when fatalistic perceptions are present. To negate the influence of these perceptions, educational strategies should target both providers and patients. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Coll Nursing, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. RP Powe, BD (reprint author), 4204 Mill Creek Dr, N Charleston, SC 29420 USA. NR 27 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 0734-7332 J9 J PSYCHOSOC ONCOL JI J. Psychosoc. Oncol. PY 2001 VL 19 IS 3-4 BP 85 EP 95 DI 10.1300/J077v19n03_07 PG 11 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 501KL UT WOS:000172683800007 ER PT J AU DiGiovine, CP Cooper, RA Boninger, ML AF DiGiovine, CP Cooper, RA Boninger, ML TI Dynamic calibration of a wheelchair dynamometer SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE calibration; dynamics; dynamometer; ergometer; wheelchair ID BRAKED CYCLE ERGOMETERS; PROPULSION; KINEMATICS AB The inertia and resistance of a wheelchair dynamometer must be determined in order to compare the results of one study to another, independent of the type of device used. The purpose of this study was to describe and implement a dynamic calibration test for characterizing the electro-mechanical properties of a dynamometer. The inertia, the viscous friction, the kinetic friction, the motor back-electromotive force constant, and the motor constant were calculated using three different methods. The methodology based on a dynamic calibration test along with a nonlinear regression analysis produced the best results. The coefficient of determination comparing the dynamometer model output to the measured angular velocity and torque was 0.999 for a ramp input and 0.989 for a sinusoidal input. The inertia and resistance were determined for the rollers and the wheelchair wheels. The calculation of the electro-mechanical parameters allows for the complete description of the propulsive torque produced by an individual, given only the angular velocity and acceleration. The measurement of the electro-mechanical properties of the dynamometer as well as the wheelchair/human system provides the information necessary to simulate real-world conditions. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM rcooper@pitt.edu RI DiGiovine, Carmen/E-2982-2011 OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 33 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 EI 1938-1352 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JAN-FEB PY 2001 VL 38 IS 1 BP 41 EP 55 PG 15 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 422ZJ UT WOS:000168149100009 PM 11322470 ER PT J AU Dawson, TM Starkebaum, G Wood, BL Willkens, RF Gown, AM AF Dawson, TM Starkebaum, G Wood, BL Willkens, RF Gown, AM TI Epstein-Barr virus, methotrexate, and lymphoma in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and primary Sjogren's syndrome: Case series SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Epstein-Barr virus; rheumatoid arthritis; lymphoma; methotrexate; Sjogren's syndrome ID LOW-DOSE METHOTREXATE; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS; HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES; REVERSIBLE LYMPHOMAS; LONG-TERM; CANCER; DISEASE; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; ASSOCIATION AB Objective. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and primacy Sjogren's syndrome (SS) are associated with an increased risk of lymphoma. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous herpes virus, has been linked etiologically to lymphoma in patients with RA and primary SS. Recently, methotrexate (MTX) has also been linked to the development of these lymphomas. We investigated the frequency of EBV in lymphoma tissue of patients with RA and primary SS and the association of MTX with lymphomagenesis. Methods. Twenty-three patients with RA and 9 with primary SS with a history of lymphoma were identified by writing to all Arthritis Foundation member rheumatologists in Washington State. Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue blocks were then requested from pathology laboratories. Lymph nodes from 5 RA patients without lymphoma were also studied. In situ hybridization using a biotinylated EBER-1 oligonucleotide probe was used to detect EBV in tissue sections. Positive and negative laboratory controls were used to ensure procedural integrity. Results. Specimens from 21 RA patients were obtained, with 2 subsequently excluded due to specimen quality, Specimens from 6 patients with primary SS were obtained. In situ hybridization for EBV was positive in 5/19 (26%) RA patients and 1/6 patients with primary SS. In the nonmalignant lymph nodes no patient showed EBV. One primary SS and 12 RA patients were known to be taking MTX at the time of lymphoma diagnosis. Of the EBV positive RA lymphoma patients, 4/5 were receiving MTX at the time of diagnosis. These results show that EBV is present in lymphoma tissue of some patients with RA and very few with primary SS. Conclusion. EBV is over-represented in the lymphomas of patients with RA, but whether MTX plays a role in predisposing patients with RA and primary SS to the development of lymphoma, perhaps by influencing behavior of EBV, remains unclear. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Arthrit Sect, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Med Serv, Arthrit Sect, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Div Rheumatol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. PheonPath Labs, Seattle, WA USA. Immunochem Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Dawson, TM (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Arthrit Sect, 1600 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 58 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 28 IS 1 BP 47 EP 53 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 390XH UT WOS:000166324700009 PM 11196542 ER PT J AU Sze, CI Bi, H Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, BK Filley, CM Martin, LJ AF Sze, CI Bi, H Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, BK Filley, CM Martin, LJ TI N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit proteins and their phosphorylation status are altered selectively in Alzheimer's disease SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE glutamate; excitotoxicity; hippocampus; entorhinal cortex; long-term potentiation ID LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; NMDA RECEPTORS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; L-GLUTAMATE; MEMORY; HIPPOCAMPUS; MODEL; NEUROTOXICITY; IMPAIRMENT AB The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor is a subtype of the ionotropic glutamate receptor that plays a pivotal role in synaptic mechanisms of learning and memory. We tested the hypothesis that NMDA receptor protein levels are abnormal in Alzheimer's disease (AD). By immunoblotting we assessed levels of both non-phosphorylated and phosphorylated receptor subunit proteins from four separate regions of 16 post-mortem brains. Three patient groups with thorough pre-mortem neuropsychological testing were evaluated, including AD, early AD (p-AD), and control patients. Protein levels and phosphorylation status of NMDA receptor subunits NR1, NR2A and NR2B were correlated with measurements of cognitive performance. Selective regional reductions in NMDA receptor subunit protein levels were found in AD compared to controls, but protein levels in the p-AD group were similar to controls. Reductions of NR1 (53%, P < 0.05) and NR2B (40%, P < 0.05) were identified in hippocampus. Reductions of NR2A (39%, P < 0.05) and NR2B (31%, P < 0.01) were found in entorhinal cortex. No reductions were noted in occipital cortex and caudate. Phosphorylated NR2A (30%, P < 0.05) and NR2B (56%, P < 0.01) were selectively reduced in entorhinal cortex in AD when compared to controls. Both phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated NMDA receptor protein levels in entorhinal cortex correlated with Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and Blessed (BIMC) scores. The losses of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated NMDA receptor subunit proteins correlated with changes in synaptobrevin levels (a presynaptic protein), but not with age or post-mortem interval. Our results demonstrate that NMDA receptor subunits are selectively and differentially reduced in areas of AD brain, and these abnormalities correlate with presynaptic alterations and cognitive deficits in AD. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. JHUSM, Dept Pathol, Div Neuropathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Sze, CI (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, B216,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. EM chun-i.sze@uchsc.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG16282] NR 39 TC 78 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD JAN 1 PY 2001 VL 182 IS 2 BP 151 EP 159 DI 10.1016/S0022-510X(00)00467-6 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 394YQ UT WOS:000166552300011 PM 11137521 ER PT J AU Lovelace, TD Moneta, GL Abou-Zamzam, AM Edwards, JM Yeager, RA Landry, GJ Taylor, LM Porter, JM AF Lovelace, TD Moneta, GL Abou-Zamzam, AM Edwards, JM Yeager, RA Landry, GJ Taylor, LM Porter, JM TI Optimizing duplex follow-up in patients with an asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis of less than 60% SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-HISTORY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; DISEASE; ENDARTERECTOMY; PREVALENCE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PROGRESSION AB Objectives: The Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study established benefit of carotid endarterectomy for 60% to 99% asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. Optimal follow-up intervals to detect progression from < 60% to 60%-99% ICA stenosis are unknown. In a previous study from our laboratory, we found that ICAs with < 60% stenosis and peak systolic velocities (PSVs) of 175 cm/s or more on initial duplex were at high risk for progression. Prospective evaluation of this hypothesis and determination of optimal duplex follow-up intervals for asymptomatic patients with < 60% ICA stenosis form the basis of this report. Methods: All patients who underwent initial carotid duplex examination for any indication since January 1, 1995, with at least one patent, asymptomatic, previously nonoperated ICA with < 60% stenosis; with 6 months' or greater follow-up; and with one or more repeat duplex examinations were entered into the study. On the basis of the initial duplex examination, ICAs were classified into two groups: those with a PSV less than 175 cm/s and those with a PSV of 175 cm/s or more. Follow-up duplex examinations were performed at varying intervals to detect progression from < 60% to 60%-99% ICA stenosis with criteria previously reported (both PSV 260 cm/s and end-diastolic velocity greater than or equal to 70 cm/s). Results: A total of 407 patients (640 asymptomatic ICAs with < 60% stenosis) underwent serial duplex scans (mean follow up, 22 months). Three ICAs (0.5%) became symptomatic and progressed to 60%-99% ICA stenosis at a mean of 21 months (all transient ischemic attacks), whereas four other ICAs occluded without stroke during follow-up. Progression to 60%-99% stenosis without symptoms was detected in 46 ICAs (7%) (mean, 18 months). Of the 633 patent asymptomatic arteries, 548 ICAs (87%) had initial PSVs less than 175 cm/s, and 85 ICAs (13%) had initial PSVs of 175 cm/s or more. Asymptomatic progression to 60%-99% ICA stenosis occurred in 22 (26%) of 85 ICAs with initial PSVs of 175 cm/s or more, whereas 24 (4%) of 548 ICAs with initial PSVs less than 175 cm/s progressed (P < .0001). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine freedom from progression at 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months, which was 95%, 83%, and 70% for ICAs with initial PSVs of 175 cm/s or more versus 100%, 99%, and 95%, respectively, for ICAs with initial PSVs less than 175 cm/s (P < .0001). Conclusions: Patients with < 60% ICA stenosis and PSVs of 175 cm/s or more on initial duplex examination are significantly more likely to progress asymptomatically to 60%-99% ICA stenosis, and progression is sufficiently frequent to warrant follow-up duplex studies at 6-month intervals. Patients with < 60% ICA stenosis and initial PSVs less than 175 cm/s may have follow-up duplex examinations safely deferred for 2 years. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Vasc Surg, Dept Surg, Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Moneta, GL (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Vasc Surg, Dept Surg, Portland VA Med Ctr, OP-11,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00334]; NHLBI NIH HHS [1RO1HL45267-08A1] NR 20 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 33 IS 1 BP 56 EP 61 DI 10.1067/mva.2001.112303 PG 6 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 395JH UT WOS:000166576900014 PM 11137924 ER PT J AU DeBiasi, RL Edelstein, CL Sherry, B Tyler, KL AF DeBiasi, RL Edelstein, CL Sherry, B Tyler, KL TI Calpain inhibition protects against virus-induced apoptotic myocardial injury SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID REOVIRUS-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DRUG-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; B-INDUCED DISEASE; VIRAL MYOCARDITIS; CARDIAC MYOCYTES; CELL-DEATH; NEUTROPHIL APOPTOSIS; T-CELLS; INFECTION AB Viral myocarditis is an important cause of human morbidity and mortality for which reliable and effective therapy is lacking. Using reovirus strain 8B infection of neonatal mice, a well-characterized experimental model of direct virus-induced myocarditis, we now demonstrate that myocardial injury results from apoptosis. Proteases play a critical role as effecters of apoptosis. The activity of the cysteine protease calpain increases in reovirus-infected myocardiocytes and can be inhibited by the dipeptide alpha-ketoamide calpain inhibitor Z-Leu-aminobutyric acid-CONH(CH2)3-morpholine (CX295). Treatment of reovirus-infected neonatal mice with CX295 protects them against reovirus myocarditis as documented by (i) a dramatic reduction in histopathologic evidence of myocardial injury, (ii) complete inhibition of apoptotic myocardial cell death as identified by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling, (iii) a reduction in serum creatine phosphokinase, and (iv) improved weight gain. These findings are the first evidence for the importance of a calpain-associated pathway of apoptotic cell death in viral disease. Inhibition of apoptotic signaling pathways may be an effective strategy for the treatment of viral disease in general and viral myocarditis in particular. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol B182, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Tyler, KL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol B182, 4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. OI Tyler, Kenneth/0000-0003-3294-5888 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [1RO1HL57161]; NIA NIH HHS [1RO1AG14071] NR 79 TC 70 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 75 IS 1 BP 351 EP 361 DI 10.1128/JVI.75.1.351-361.2001 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 383BR UT WOS:000165863000038 PM 11119604 ER PT J AU Fried, LF Orchard, TJ Kasiske, BL AF Fried, LF Orchard, TJ Kasiske, BL CA Lipids Renal Dis Progression Meta-Anal TI Effect of lipid reduction on the progression of renal disease: A meta-analysis SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE hyperlipidemia; nephropathy; progressive renal disease; proteinuria; albuminuria; glomerular filtration rate ID CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING THERAPY; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; DIETARY-PROTEIN RESTRICTION; REDUCES GLOMERULAR INJURY; SIMVASTATIN TREATMENT; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; LONG-TERM; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS; URINE SAMPLES; HUMAN-KIDNEY AB Background. It has been proposed that hyperlipidemia contributes to the progression of renal disease. A large trial has not been performed; however, a number of small, controlled trials have been reported. We examined the effects of antilipemic agents on glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria or albuminuria in patients with renal disease. Methods. We used Medline, abstracts from scientific meetings, and bibliographies from recent reviews and scientific reports to locate pertinent studies. Thirteen prospective con trolled trials examining the effects of antilipemic agents on renal function, proteinuria, or albuminuria were included. Studies were published as full reports or abstracts and were at least three months in duration. For five of the studies, individual patient data were obtained. Other summary data were independently extracted from the published reports by two investigators and included study quality, subject characteristics, cause of renal disease, change in serum cholesterol, blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, and albuminuria. Results. There was a lower rate of decline in glomerular filtration rate with treatment compared with controls (treated controls, 0.156 mL/min/month; 95% CI, 0.026 to 0.285 mL/ min/month, P = 0.008). The study results were statistically homogeneous, and in a regression analysis, the effect of treatment on glomerular filtration rate did not correlate with study quality, the percentage change in cholesterol, the type of lipid-lowering agent, or the cause of renal disease. However, longer follow-up correlated with the amount of improvement in glomerular filtration rate from treatment (P = 0.007). There was a tendency for a favorable effect of treatment on protein or albumin excretion [Ln (treatment) - Ln (control) = -0.248, 95% CI, -0.562 to 0.064, P = 0.077]. However, these results were statistically heterogeneous between studies (P < 0.001). No obvious explanation for this heterogeneity was apparent in a regression analysis examining potential reasons for differences in study results. Conclusions. Lipid reduction may preserve glomerular filtration rate and may decrease proteinuria in patients with renal disease. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Renal Electrolyte Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Med Serv, Renal Sect, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RP Fried, LF (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Renal Electrolyte Div, 938 Scaife Hall,3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. OI orchard, trevor/0000-0001-9552-3215 NR 49 TC 464 Z9 499 U1 0 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 59 IS 1 BP 260 EP 269 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00487.x PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 390KR UT WOS:000166294700029 PM 11135079 ER PT J AU Krishnan, B Smith, V Lechago, J Chen, Z Truong, L AF Krishnan, B Smith, V Lechago, J Chen, Z Truong, L TI Mast cells in renal epithelial neoplasm's (REN), identification and significance. SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Methodist Hosp, Dept Pathol, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 EI 1530-0307 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 81 IS 1 MA 662 BP 114A EP 114A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 396KE UT WOS:000166634900675 ER PT J AU McGregor, DK Ayala, G Krishnan, B Truong, L AF McGregor, DK Ayala, G Krishnan, B Truong, L TI Diagnosing primary and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the use of the renal cell carcinoma marker (RMa). SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Methodist Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 EI 1530-0307 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 81 IS 1 MA 678 BP 117A EP 117A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 396KE UT WOS:000166634900691 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA Jepson, C Baron, J AF Ubel, PA Jepson, C Baron, J TI The inclusion of patient testimonials in decision aids: Effects on treatment choices SO MEDICAL DECISION MAKING LA English DT Editorial Material DE decision making; cognitive bias; decision aid; informed consent; vividness ID INFORMED CONSENT; INFORMATION; IMPACT AB Background. Decision aids often provide statistical information and patient testimonials to guide treatment choices. This raises the possibility that the testimonials will overwhelm the statistical information. Methods. Prospective jurors in Philadelphia County were presented with hypothetical statistical information about the percentage of angina patents who benefit from angioplasty and bypass surgery (50% and 75%, respectively). They were also given written testimonials from hypothetical patents who had benefited or not benefited from each of the two treatments. The numbers of patients benefiting and not benefiting were varied to be either proportionate to the statistical information or disproportionate. In study 1, all participants received 1 testimonial from a patient who had benefited from angioplasty and 1 from a patient who had not. Participants receiving the proportionate questionnaire version were also given 3 testimonials from patents who benefited from bypass surgery and 1 from a patient who did not, coinciding with the hypothetical statistical information. In contrast, participants receiving the disproportionate questionnaire version received only I testimonial from a patent who benefited from surgery and I from a patient who did not. In study 2, all participants received 2 examples of patients who benefited from angioplasty and 2 who did not. Participants with the proportionate questionnaire version received the same testimonials regarding surgery as in study 1. Those receiving the disproportionate questionnaire version received 2 testimonials from patients who benefited from bypass and 2 from patients who did not. Finally, a separate set of participants in study 2 received a questionnaire with no testimonials. Results. In study 1, 30% of participants receiving the disproportionate questionnaire version chose bypass surgery versus 44% of those receiving the proportionate questionnaire (P = 0.002 by chi (2)). In study 2, 34% of participants receiving the disproportionate questionnaire version chose bypass surgery versus 37% of those receiving the proportionate questionnaire (P = 0.59 by chi (2)). Of those receiving no patent testimonials, 58% chose bypass surgery. Conclusions. The inclusion of written patient testimonials significantly influenced hypothetical treatment choices. Efforts to make the mix of positive versus negative testimonials proportionate to statistical information may, under some circumstances, affect choices in ways that cannot automatically be assumed to be optimal. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Gen Internal Med, 300 N Ingalls,Room 7B20, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 17 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0272-989X J9 MED DECIS MAKING JI Med. Decis. Mak. PD JAN-FEB PY 2001 VL 21 IS 1 BP 60 EP 68 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA 469EL UT WOS:000170801600008 PM 11206948 ER PT J AU Song, MK Rosenthal, MJ Hong, SJ Harris, DM Hwang, I Yip, I Golub, MS Ament, ME Go, VLW AF Song, MK Rosenthal, MJ Hong, SJ Harris, DM Hwang, I Yip, I Golub, MS Ament, ME Go, VLW TI Synergistic antidiabetic activities of zinc, cycle (his-pro), and arachidonic acid SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; INSULIN-RECEPTOR KINASE; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PANCREATIC-ISLETS; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; ZUCKER RATS; HORMONE; THYROTROPIN; PLASMA; DEFICIENCY AB Previous studies have already shown that prostate extract (PE) has antidiabetic activity when given to animals and humans. In this study, we explore whether this antidiabetic activity is related to the high concentrations of zinc, cycle this-pro) (CHP), and the prostaglandin precursor, arachidonic acid (AA), in prostate tissue. When streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were given drinking water containing 10 mg/L zinc and 100 mg/L PE for 3 weeks, fasting blood glucose levels and glucose clearance rates, but not plasma insulin levels, were significantly lower than at pretreatment. In subsequent experiments, blood glucose levels in rats given PE for 3 weeks were significantly lower than in rats given distilled water or 10 mg/L zinc alone. However, in rats given 100 mg/L CHP with zinc, blood glucose levels were also lower than in rats given PE atone. Time-course studies in diabetic rats given drinking water containing 20 mg/L Zn, 20 mg/L L-histidine, and 10 mg/L CHP showed that blood glucose levels dropped 209 +/- 53 mg/dL in 1 day and stayed low for 2 weeks. When CHP was replaced with 100 mg AA/L, blood glucose levels dropped 230 +/- 64 mg/dL in 5 days, but returned to the original values 11 days later. Growth rate improved and water consumption decreased significantly in CHP- and AA-treated diabetic rats. High intake of L-histidine and testosterone increased blood glucose concentrations in diabetic rats. To determine optimal dosages of CHP and AA, we gave rats drinking water containing 10 mg/L Zn and 0.5 mg/L L-histidine with various concentrations of CHP or AA. The most effective doses for reducing blood glucose levels were 0.32 mg CHP/kg/day and 11 mg AA/kg/day. These data suggest that the active antidiabetic ingredients in the PE are CHP, zinc, and AA or its precursors. Copyright (C) 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Dept Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Go, VLW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Dept Med, Sch Med, Room 12-217 Warren Hall,900 Veteran Ave,Box 17862, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1 R43 DK56546-01] NR 56 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 50 IS 1 BP 53 EP 59 DI 10.1053/meta.2001.19427 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 391HL UT WOS:000166350500010 PM 11172475 ER PT J AU Klein, RL Ascencao, JL Mironova, M Huang, Y Lopes-Virella, MF AF Klein, RL Ascencao, JL Mironova, M Huang, Y Lopes-Virella, MF TI Effect of inflammatory cytokines on the metabolism of low-density lipoproteins by human vascular endothelial cells SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CONTAINING IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; OXIDIZED LDL; ADHESION MOLECULE-1; DIABETES-MELLITUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; HEPG2 CELLS; RECEPTOR AB Cytokines have been shown to activate multiple, varied metabolic pathways in endothelial cells. Little information is available concerning the effects of inflammatory cytokines on lipoprotein metabolism by vascular endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HuECs) and bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were incubated with the inflammatory cytokines recombinant human interleukin-1 beta (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interferon gamma (gamma -IF), and interferon beta (beta -IF) at increasing concentrations (0.1 to 1,000 U/mL), for increasing periods (6 to 72 hours), After the incubation period, the media were removed and replaced with serum-free media containing radiolabeled native or acetylated low-density lipoprotein (Ac-LDL) and the rates of degradation and accumulation of radiolabeled LDL were determined. The degradation and accumulation of I-125-LDL were significantly increased (P < .02) in HuECs preincubated with IL-1 (100 U/mL) compared with control incubations without the cytokine or incubations containing -IF, beta -IF, or TNF. This resulted from a 38% increase in LDL receptor protein in cells incubated with IL-1. The increased rate of LDL catabolism by HuECs incubated with IL-l was accompanied by a significant increase (P < .05) in the rate of cholesteryl ester synthesis in the cells. Cholesteryl ester synthesis rates in HuECs preincubated with -IF, beta -IF, or TNF did not differ significantly from the rates in control incubations. The effect of preincubation with cytokine on the activity of the scavenger receptor was also determined. There were no significant differences in the rate of degradation or accumulation of radiolabeled Ac-LDL in control incubations compared with cultures preincubated with IL-1, gamma -IF, beta -IF, or TNF. There also were no significant differences in the rate of catabolism of native LDL or Ac-LDL in BAECs preincubated with cytokines. Although cytokines have been shown previously to alter the binding of monocytes to endothelial cells, there was no significant increase in the binding of monocytes to cultures incubated with IL-1 plus LDL compared with IL-1 alone, In summary, we now demonstrate that cytokines, specifically IL-1, may alter LDL metabolism by human vascular endothelial cells and alter endothelial cell cholesterol metabolism. These changes in endothelial cell metabolism provide additional evidence supporting the critical role of cytokines in atherogenesis. Copyright (C) 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Reno, NV USA. Univ Nevada, Sch Med, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Klein, RL (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 50 IS 1 BP 99 EP 106 DI 10.1053/meta.2001.19446 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 391HL UT WOS:000166350500017 PM 11172482 ER PT J AU Krishnan, B Smith, V Lechago, J Chen, Z Truong, L AF Krishnan, B Smith, V Lechago, J Chen, Z Truong, L TI Mast cells in renal epithelial neoplasm's (REN), identification and significance. SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Methodist Hosp, Dept Pathol, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 EI 1530-0285 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 14 IS 1 MA 662 BP 114A EP 114A PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 396EB UT WOS:000166622400669 ER PT J AU McGregor, DK Ayala, G Krishnan, B Truong, L AF McGregor, DK Ayala, G Krishnan, B Truong, L TI Diagnosing primary and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the use of the renal cell carcinoma marker (RMa). SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Methodist Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 EI 1530-0285 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 14 IS 1 MA 678 BP 117A EP 117A PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 396EB UT WOS:000166622400685 ER PT J AU Tsou, R Isik, FF AF Tsou, R Isik, FF TI Integrin activation is required for VEGF and FGF receptor protein presence on human microvascular endothelial cells SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE integrins; extracellular matrix; growth factor receptors; microvascular; endothelial cell; angiogenesis ID FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; MESSENGER-RNA; ANGIOGENESIS; EXPRESSION; ALPHA(V)BETA(3); MODULATION; ADHESION; INVITRO; INVIVO AB Endothelial cell proliferation and migration is initiated by growth factors including FGF and VEGF that bind to specific transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases. Mechanisms that regulate in vivo expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) are not well understood. Since it is well known that different matrices influence the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells in culture, we hypothesized that changes in the extracellular matrix environment can regulate growth factor receptors on endothelial cells. We cultured human microvascular endothelial cells on different matrices (vitronectin, laminin, fibronectin, fibrin, and collagen IV) and examined for the presence of growth factor receptors (FGFR-1, FGFR-2, VEGFR-1, and VEGFR-2). We show that vitronectin increased the presence of all four growth factor receptors and most notably, VEGFR-1. In contrast, fibrin decreased all four receptors, especially FGFR-1 and FGFR-2. Inhibiting phosphotyrosine signaling abolished immunostaining for all four receptors, regardless of the matrix, but was not dependent on activating the Fyn-Shc pathway. Cells plated on vitronectin in the presence of blocking antibodies to integrins alpha (v)beta (3) and alpha (v)beta (5) similarly decreased presence of these growth factor receptors. Our data suggests a possible mechanism of how matrix-integrin interactions regulate endothelial cell responsiveness to growth factors and anchorage-dependent cell growth. C1 Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA USA. RP Tsou, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Box 356410,1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM57426] NR 46 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 8 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0300-8177 J9 MOL CELL BIOCHEM JI Mol. Cell. Biochem. PY 2001 VL 224 IS 1-2 BP 81 EP 89 DI 10.1023/A:1011947301849 PG 9 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 475EG UT WOS:000171148800009 PM 11693202 ER PT J AU Handforth, A Krahl, SE AF Handforth, A Krahl, SE TI Suppression of harmaline-induced tremor in rats by vagus nerve stimulation SO MOVEMENT DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE tremor; vagus nerve stimulation; harmaline ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; VAGAL; CEREBELLUM; SEIZURES; SYSTEM; REPRESENTATION; INHIBITION; CAT AB We studied whether vagus nerve stimulation could suppress tremor in the harmaline tremor model in the rat. Animals were chronically implanted with helical leads around the left vagus nerve and a disk-shaped electrode positioned subcutaneously in the dorsal neck. Harmaline-induced tremor was recorded on a physiograph while each animal received a sequence of five 20-minute trials. Each trial consisted of five minutes of pre-stimulation baseline, five minutes of vagus nerve stimulation, and ten minutes of post-stimulation, Vague nerve stimulation significantly suppressed harmaline-induced tremor. The suppressive effect was present within the first minute of stimulation and was reproducible across the five trials of the study. The results of this study suggest that the central generator or expression of tremor in the harmaline animal model can be suppressed by vagus nerve stimulation. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Neurol & Res Serv W127, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Handforth, A (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Neurol & Res Serv W127, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-3185 J9 MOVEMENT DISORD JI Mov. Disord. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 16 IS 1 BP 84 EP 88 DI 10.1002/1531-8257(200101)16:1<84::AID-MDS1010>3.0.CO;2-S PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 398NQ UT WOS:000166762900012 PM 11215598 ER PT J AU Peterfy, M Phan, J Xu, P Reue, K AF Peterfy, M Phan, J Xu, P Reue, K TI Lipodystrophy in the fld mouse results from mutation of a new gene encoding a nuclear protein, lipin SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS; SERUM LEPTIN LEVELS; MUTANT MOUSE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; DIABETES-MELLITUS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; MICE; REVEALS; GENOME; MAP AB Mice carrying mutations in the fatty liver dystrophy (fld) gene have features of human lipodystrophy(1), a genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by loss of body fat, fatty liver hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance(2-4). Through positional cloning, we have isolated the gene responsible and characterized two independent mutant alleles, fld and fld(2J). The gene (Lpin1) encodes a novel nuclear protein which we have named lipin. Consistent with the observed reduction of adipose tissue mass in fld and fld(2J) mice, wild-type Lpin1 mRNA is expressed at high levels in adipose tissue and is induced during differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Our results indicate that lipin is required for normal adipose tissue development, and provide a candidate gene for human lipodystrophy. Lipin defines a novel family of nuclear proteins containing at least three members in mammalian species, and homologs in distantly related organisms from human to yeast. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Reue, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL24841] NR 26 TC 329 Z9 343 U1 2 U2 7 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 27 IS 1 BP 121 EP 124 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 388NP UT WOS:000166187900029 PM 11138012 ER PT J AU Cole, GM Frautschy, SA AF Cole, GM Frautschy, SA TI Church baptizes Joseph and Perry. Eccentric views absolved SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Editorial Material ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; DEPOSITION; INFLAMMATION; PHENOTYPE C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Greater Los Angeles VAMC, N Hills, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Greater Los Angeles VAMC, N Hills, CA 91343 USA. RP Cole, GM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Greater Los Angeles VAMC, GRECC 11E,16111 Plummer St, N Hills, CA 91343 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P50 AG016570, R01 AG013741] NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JAN-FEB PY 2001 VL 22 IS 1 BP 147 EP 150 DI 10.1016/S0197-4580(00)00214-1 PG 4 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 397ZK UT WOS:000166728900020 PM 11164288 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA Baldini, FD Boninger, ML Cooper, R AF Cooper, RA Baldini, FD Boninger, ML Cooper, R TI Physiological responses to two wheelchair-racing exercise protocols SO NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEURAL REPAIR LA English DT Article DE wheelchair racing; exercise; fitness; spinal cord injury; fitness ID DISABILITIES; RACERS AB Objective: This study investigated the blood lactate accumulation during two wheelchair-racing protocols. During exercise, energy is required, which causes metabolism to increase and blood lactate to accumulate. Proper training can reduce the amount of blood lactate accumulation and increase tolerance to blood lactate accumulation during aerobic exercise. Methods: Eleven male wheelchair elite track athletes with a spinal Cord injury were tested to determine their blood lactate response to speed and resistance workouts. A computer,monitored wheelchair dynamometer was used during all exercise tests. The order of the test (e.g., speed or resistance workout) was randomized. Blood pressure and blood samples were taken immediately before and after completion of each exercise test. Results: The difference between the blood lactate concentrations before and after testing were 8.56 +/- 4.42, and 11.67 +/- 4.69 mM for the resistance and speed tests, respectively. Conclusions: Our results showed that the blood lactate responses were significantly different for the resistance and speed workouts. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Hlth & Phys Educ, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Cooper, R (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU DEMOS MEDICAL PUBLISHING PI NEW YORK PA 386 PARK AVE SOUTH, STE 201, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 0888-4390 J9 NEUROREHAB NEURAL RE JI Neurorehabil. Neural Repair PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 191 EP 195 DI 10.1177/154596830101500306 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 533BG UT WOS:000174509100006 PM 11944740 ER PT J AU Van Brederode, JFM Rho, JM Cerne, R Tempel, BL Spain, WJ AF Van Brederode, JFM Rho, JM Cerne, R Tempel, BL Spain, WJ TI Evidence of altered inhibition in layer V pyramidal neurons from neocortex of Kcna1-null mice SO NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Kv1.1; knockout; potassium channel; seizure; epilepsy ID POTASSIUM CHANNEL GENE; EPISODIC ATAXIA; MYOKYMIA SYNDROME; INCREASED NUMBER; K+ CHANNELS; MOUSE-BRAIN; KV1.1; RECEPTORS; EXCITABILITY; LOCALIZATION AB Mice lacking the potassium channel subunit KCNA1 exhibit a severe epileptic phenotype beginning at an early postnatal age. The precise cellular physiological substrates for these seizures are unclear, as is the site of origin. Since KCNA1 mRNA in normal mice is expressed in the neocortex, we asked whether neurons in the neocortex of three to four week-old Kcnal-null mutants exhibit evidence of hyperexcitability. Layer V pyramidal neurons were directly visualized in brain slices with infrared differential-interference contrast microscopy and evaluated with cellular electrophysiological techniques. There were no significant differences in intrinsic membrane properties and action potential shape between Kcnal-null and wild-type mice, consistent with previous findings in hippocampal slice recordings. However, the frequency of spontaneous post-synaptic currents was significantly higher in Kcnal-null compared to wild-type mice. The frequency of spontaneous inhibitory post-synaptic currents and miniature (action-potential-independent) inhibitory post-synaptic currents was also significantly higher in Kcnal-null compared to wild-type mice. However, the frequency of spontaneous and miniature excitatory post-synaptic currents was not different in these two groups of animals. Comparison of the amplitude and kinetics of miniature inhibitory and excitatory post-synaptic currents revealed differences in amplitude, rise time and half-width between Kcnal-null and wild-type mice. Our data indicate that the inhibitory drive onto layer V pyramidal neurons is increased in Kcnal knockout mice, either directly through an increased spontaneous release of GABA from presynaptic terminals contacting layer V pyramidal neurons, or an enhanced excitatory synaptic input to inhibitory interneurons. (C) 2001 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, VM Bloedel Hearing Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Neurol Res Labs 151, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Van Brederode, JFM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU BLRD VA [I01 BX000386]; NIDCD NIH HHS [DC03805]; NINDS NIH HHS [K08 NS 01974, NS 34769] NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4522 J9 NEUROSCIENCE JI Neuroscience PY 2001 VL 103 IS 4 BP 921 EP 929 DI 10.1016/S0306-4522(01)00041-0 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 423NK UT WOS:000168182200007 PM 11301201 ER PT B AU Schellenberg, GD D'Souza, I Poorkaj, P Bird, TD AF Schellenberg, GD D'Souza, I Poorkaj, P Bird, TD BE Tanaka, C McGeer, PL Ihara, Y TI Tau and neurodegenerative disease: genetics and pathogenetic mechanisms SO NEUROSCIENTIFIC BASIS OF DEMENTIA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Dementia CY SEP 11-13, 1999 CL KOBE, JAPAN ID MULTIPLE-SYSTEM TAUOPATHY; AUTOSOMAL-DOMINANT PARKINSONISM; FAMILIAL PRESENILE-DEMENTIA; FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; PROTEIN-TAU; FUNCTIONAL IMPLICATIONS; FTDP-17 MUTATIONS; MESSENGER-RNAS C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Schellenberg, GD (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND BN 3-7643-6205-7 PY 2001 BP 71 EP 79 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA BR76Q UT WOS:000167470700008 ER PT J AU Sandusky, H Cilluffo, M Braun, J Gordon, LK AF Sandusky, H Cilluffo, M Braun, J Gordon, LK TI Ocular pANCA antigens are expressed in nonpigmented ciliary body epithelium and are conserved in multiple mammalian species SO OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION LA English DT Article DE uveitis; pANCA; phylogeny; autoimmunity ID ANTINEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES; INFLAMMATORY BOWEL-DISEASE; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; ANTERIOR UVEITIS; CELLS; AUTOIMMUNITY; SPONDYLOARTHROPATHY; IDENTIFICATION; AUTOANTIBODIES; RETRIEVAL AB Purpose: pANCA marker autoantibody is expressed by a subset of patients with anterior uveitis. A recombinantly isolated pANCA monoclonal antibody, Fab 5-3, identifies ocular expression of corresponding pANCA antigens in human ciliary body and retina. In this study, Fab 5-3 was used to explore pANCA antigen expression in ocular tissues of multiple mammalian species and identify the ciliary body cell type expressing the pANCA antigen. Methods: Ocular tissues were obtained from several mammalian species and evaluated for expression of the pANCA (Fab 5-3) antigen(s) using immunohistochemistry and Western analysis of tissue extracts. Additionally, primary cultures of nonpigmented and pigmented rabbit ciliary body epithelium were analyzed for pANCA expression using immunofluorescence and Western analysis. Results: Ocular pANCA (Fab 5-3) antigen expression was observed by immunohistochemistry only in the cytoplasm of retinal ganglion cells and ciliary body epithelium. Retinal antigen expression was conserved in all species examined. Ciliary body expression was observed in human, rabbit, rat, and mouse, but not in pig or cow. Antigen expression in the rabbit ciliary body was restricted to the nonpigmented layer as defined in primary cultures of nonpigmented and pigmented ciliary body epithelium. Immunoreactive proteins in both the human and rabbit included a 32-33 kDa doublet (histone HI), and novel 80 and 100kDa proteins. Conclusions: This study identifies ocular pANCA antigen expression in multiple mammalian species localized to the retinal ganglion cell layer and the non-pigmented ciliary body epithelium. The present study also establishes novel 80 and 100 kDa proteins which may correspond to the cytoplasmic antigens detected in situ and can be further characterized biochemically and immunologically using small animal model systems. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ophthalmol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Physiol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Gordon, LK (reprint author), Jules Stein Eye Inst, 100 Stein Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. OI Braun, Jonathan/0000-0003-1646-2974 FU NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA12800]; NEI NIH HHS [KO8-EY00360, R01-EY06969]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P01-DK46763] NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SWETS ZEITLINGER PUBLISHERS PI LISSE PA P O BOX 825, 2160 SZ LISSE, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-3948 J9 OCUL IMMUNOL INFLAMM JI Ocul. Immunol. Inflamm. PY 2001 VL 9 IS 1 BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1076/ocii.9.1.25.3981 PG 10 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 412QQ UT WOS:000167566200003 PM 11262665 ER PT J AU Feifel, H Strack, S AF Feifel, H Strack, S TI Thanatologists view death: A 15-year perspective SO OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Meeting of the International Work Group on Death, Dying, and Bereavement CY SEP 26, 1999 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP Int Work Grp Death Dying & Bereavement ID DYING PATIENTS; AIDS AB This study examined the death attitudes of a number of prominent thanatologists over a 15-year span. In 1973, 40 (30 men, 10 women) invited participants at a conference on death and dying were surveyed concerning their attitudes toward dying and death using Feifel's Death Attitudes Questionnaire, a Death Semantic Differential Test, and a Death Metaphors Test. Fifteen years later, 25 (62.5 percent) of these individuals again gave their responses to the three measures. Analyses were limited to basic group comparisons because the original raw data were unavailable. Respondents were primarily behavioral scientists (64 percent), but sizeable minorities were from medicine/nursing (24 percent) and religion/philosophy (12 percent). They were about equally divided in the religious (45 percent) versus non-religious (55 percent) categories, and rated themselves as being fairly satisfied with themselves and life in general. Almost two-thirds reported some fear of death (64 percent at both time points), and only 20 percent indicated that the idea of their own death was "easy to accept." Most (60-64 percent) reported a fear of the personal consequences of death, including pain and an inability to have experiences or complete projects, with the next most pervasive fear (36-40 percent) being the consequences to loved ones, including pain, loss, and financial difficulties. Concerning what occurs after death, about half of the respondents (48-52 percent) indicated that death is the end of existence, another 24-30 percent were uncertain and 16-17 percent believed in the continued existence of a soul. Death attitudes were remarkably stable over the 15-year interval. The major difference found was a lessening of death fear from 1973 to 1988 (p < .002), that subjects attributed primarily to their ongoing conversations about death and dying (56 percent), and the deaths of family and friends (32 percent). C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Ctr Ambulatory Care, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Strack, S (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Ctr Ambulatory Care, 351 E Temple St, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BAYWOOD PUBL CO INC PI AMITYVILLE PA 26 AUSTIN AVE, AMITYVILLE, NY 11701 USA SN 0030-2228 J9 OMEGA-J DEATH DYING JI Omega-J. Death Dying PY 2001 VL 43 IS 2 BP 97 EP 111 PG 15 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Psychology; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 511RC UT WOS:000173278500002 ER PT J AU Greenspan, SL Cheng, S Miller, PD Orwoll, ES AF Greenspan, SL Cheng, S Miller, PD Orwoll, ES CA QUS-2 PMA Trials Grp TI Clinical performance of a highly portable, scanning calcaneal ultrasonometer SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE bone mineral density; calcaneus; fracture; osteoporosis; ultrasound ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; BAND ULTRASOUND ATTENUATION; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; SITE-SPECIFIC ANALYSIS; PREDICT HIP FRACTURE; QUANTITATIVE ULTRASOUND; ELDERLY WOMEN; OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES; PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN AB The aim of this study was to establish a normative database, assess precision, and evaluate the ability to identify women with low bone mass and to discriminate women with fracture from those without for a highly portable, scanning calcaneal ultrasonometer: the QUS-2, Fourteen hundred and one Caucasian women were recruited for the study. Among them were 794 healthy women 25-84 years of age evenly distributed per 10-year period to establish a normative database. Of these, 171 aged 25-34 years were defined as the young normal group for the purpose of T-score determination. Precision was assessed within 1 day (short-term) and over a 16-week period (long-term) in 79 women aged 25-84 years. Five hundred twenty-eight women ranging from 50 to 84 years of age with or without prevalent fractures of the spine, hip or forearm were measured to compare the QUS-2 with bone mineral density (BMD) of the hip and spine. Mean calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) was constant in healthy women from 25 to 54 years of age and decreased with increasing age thereafter. Short-term precision, with and without repositioning of the heel, and long-term precision yielded comparable results (BUA SDs of 2.1-2.4 dB/MHz, coefficients of variations (CVs) of 2.5-2.9%). Calcaneal BUA was significantly correlated with BMD of the total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS) in 698 women (r = 0.6-0.7, all p <0.0001). A similar relationship was observed for LS BMD compared with either TH or FN BMD (r = 0.7, p <0.0001). Prevalence of osteoporosis in our population (WHO criteria) was 20%, 17%, 21%, and 24% for BUA, BMD of the TH, FN and LS, respectively. Age-adjusted values for a 1 SD reduction in calcaneal BUA and TH and FN BMD predicted prevalent fractures of the spine, forearm, and hip with significant (p <0.05) odds ratios of 2.3, 2.0 and 2.1, respectively. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for age-adjusted bone mass values predicting prevalent fracture were 0.62 for BUA, 0.59 for TH BMD, 0.60 for FN BMD, and 0.57 for LS BMD; all statistically equivalent. We conclude that the QUS-2 calcaneal ultrasonometer exhibits reproducible clinical performance that is similar to BMD of the spine and hip in identifying women with low bone mass and discriminating women with fracture from those without. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Div Geriatr Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Hlth Sci, Jyvaskyla, Finland. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Lakewood, CO USA. Colorado Ctr Bone Res, Lakewood, CO USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Greenspan, SL (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol & Metab, 1110 Kaufmann Bldg,3471 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. OI Orwoll, Eric/0000-0002-8520-7355 NR 48 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL ROAD, GODALMING GU7 3DJ, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PY 2001 VL 12 IS 5 BP 391 EP 398 DI 10.1007/s001980170108 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 446JD UT WOS:000169509400010 PM 11444088 ER PT J AU Melton, LJ Orwoll, ES Wasnich, RD AF Melton, LJ Orwoll, ES Wasnich, RD TI Does bone density predict fractures comparably in men and women? SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review ID MINERAL DENSITY; HIP FRACTURE; OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES; FOREARM FRACTURE; FEMORAL-NECK; OLDER MEN; US ADULTS; RISK; DENSITOMETRY; STRENGTH C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Hlth Sci Res, Clin Epidemiol Sect, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Hawaii Osteoporosis Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Melton, LJ (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Hlth Sci Res, Clin Epidemiol Sect, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. OI Orwoll, Eric/0000-0002-8520-7355 FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR 27065] NR 33 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL ROAD, GODALMING GU7 3DJ, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PY 2001 VL 12 IS 9 BP 707 EP 709 DI 10.1007/s001980170044 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 481HE UT WOS:000171513200001 PM 11605734 ER PT J AU Rossi, L Pfutzer, RH Parvin, S Ali, L Sattar, S Kahn, AKA Gyr, N Whitcomb, DC AF Rossi, L Pfutzer, RH Parvin, S Ali, L Sattar, S Kahn, AKA Gyr, N Whitcomb, DC TI SPINK1/PSTI mutations are associated with tropical pancreatitis in Bangladesh - A preliminary report SO PANCREATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pancreatitis; serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type 1; pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor; tropical pancreatitis; mutation ID CATIONIC TRYPSINOGEN GENE; HEREDITARY PANCREATITIS; INHIBITOR AB Background/Aims: Tropical pancreatitis (TP) refers to a severe type of idiopathic chronic pancreatitis that develops in children in tropical regions of Africa and southern Asia. Phenotypically TP is subdivided into fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) and tropical calcific pancreatitis without diabetes mellitus (TCP). Recently an association was identified between idiopathic pancreatitis in the USA and Europe and mutations in the serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) gene (previously termed pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor, PSTI). Our aim was to determine if either form of TP has a genetic basis. Methods:We studied 8 well-characterized patients from Bangladesh with FCPD, 4 with TCP and 4 controls without pancreatic disease. The entire SPINK1 gene was sequenced in these patients. Results: We detected two disease-associated SPINK1 mutations (N34S/IVS1-37T >C and IVS3 + 2T >C) in 6 of 8 patients from Bangladesh with FCPD but not in 4 patients with TCP (p < 0.03) or 4 controls (p < 0.03). Conclusions: We conclude that SPINK1 mutations are associated with FCPD in Bangladesh. Since SPINK1 mutations in Europeans and North Americans are associated with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis that is phenotypically different from FCPD, we further conclude that mutated SPINK1 markedly increases the risk of developing a variety of pancreatic diseases possibly through a chronic elevation of active trypsin within the pancreas. Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel and IAP. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Genom Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15101 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15101 USA. Bangladesh Inst Res & Rehabil Diabet Endocrine &, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Univ Basel Hosp, Dept Med, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Whitcomb, DC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Genom Sci, 571 Scaife Hall,3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15101 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK54709] NR 15 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-3903 J9 PANCREATOLOGY JI Pancreatology PY 2001 VL 1 IS 3 BP 242 EP 245 DI 10.1159/000055818 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 502XF UT WOS:000172767500009 PM 12120202 ER PT J AU Pfutzer, RH Whitcomb, DC AF Pfutzer, RH Whitcomb, DC TI SPINK1 mutations am associated with multiple phenotypes SO PANCREATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Inherited Diseases of the Pancreas CY APR 05-07, 2001 CL MILAN, ITALY SP European Inst Oncol DE serine protease; hereditary pancreatitis; tropical pancreatitis; idiopathic pancreatitis; chronic pancreatitis ID CATIONIC TRYPSINOGEN GENE; CLEAVAGE SITE MUTATION; CHRONIC-PANCREATITIS; HEREDITARY PANCREATITIS; RISK; BANGLADESH; INHIBITOR; CANCER; MAPS AB Mutations in the gene encoding for the pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor or serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type I (SPINK1) have been associated with different entities of chronic pancreatitis. While there is no doubt about the involvement of SPINK1 mutations in pancreatic inflammatory disease, much controversy has arisen regarding which alterations are associated with disease and what type of disease model should be applied when the SPINK1 gene is examined. This article presents the existing data on SPINK1 mutations in idiopathic chronic pancreatitis, familial pancreatitis, hereditary pancreatitis and tropical pancreatitis. The possible role of SPINK1 mutations and polymorphisms in pancreatic disease is discussed. Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel and IAP. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Genomic Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Heidelberg Hosp, Dept Med 2, D-68135 Mannheim, Germany. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Div Gastroenterol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Whitcomb, DC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, 571 Scaife Hall,3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. NR 23 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-3903 J9 PANCREATOLOGY JI Pancreatology PY 2001 VL 1 IS 5 BP 457 EP 460 DI 10.1159/000055847 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 502XH UT WOS:000172767700009 PM 12120224 ER PT J AU Whitcomb, DC AF Whitcomb, DC TI Hereditary pancreatitis: A model for understanding the genetic basis of acute and chronic pancreatitis SO PANCREATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the International-Association-of-Pancreatology/American-Pancreatic-Associati on CY 2000 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Int Assoc Pancreatol, Amer Pancreat Assoc DE pancreatitis; genetics; hereditary ID CATIONIC TRYPSINOGEN GENE; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS GENE; AUTOIMMUNE PANCREATITIS; MUTATIONS; ACTIVATION; INHIBITOR; MAPS AB Progress in understanding pancreatic diseases has been limited by a number of factors. Primary problems include the absence of good animal models, and difficulty in understanding the origin of pancreatic disease since the disease is usually manifest by the progressive destruction of the gland itself. Beginning in 1995, our laboratory, with the support of the Midwest Multicenter Pancreatic Study Group, began investigating the genetic basis of hereditary pancreatitis. Utilization of information becoming available through the human genome project allowed us to map and identify the hereditary pancreatitis gene as cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1). Molecular modeling, and subsequent experimental evidence, has solved key elements of the mysteries surrounding the origin of acute pancreatitis and the progression of acute pancreatitis to chronic pancreatitis. The availability of new genetic information and genomic tools should produce a revolution in our understanding of pancreatic diseases. Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel and IAP. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr,Dept Med, Ctr Genom Sci, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Whitcomb, DC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr,Dept Med, Ctr Genom Sci, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Mezzanine Level,C Wing,PUH,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA20885]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK54709] NR 32 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-3903 J9 PANCREATOLOGY JI Pancreatology PY 2001 VL 1 IS 6 BP 565 EP 570 DI 10.1159/000055864 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 503GE UT WOS:000172790100002 PM 12120237 ER PT J AU Liberman, RP Eckman, TA Marder, SR AF Liberman, RP Eckman, TA Marder, SR TI Training in social problem solving among persons with schizophrenia SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article ID SKILLS AB The specificity of the different curricula used for training persons with schizophrenia in the wide spectrum of skills they need is both a strength and a limitation. By separately teaching skills for each domain of community adaptation, clinicians using behavioral learning principles have overcome most symptomatic and cognitive barriers to learning. It is axiomatic in behavior therapy that "you get what you teach"; hence it has been necessary to adopt arduous training in many areas to bring about improvements in social functioning (1). Although social skills training has yielded excellent acquisition and durability of skills, generalization to other domains of functioning has to be carefully programmed. One way to promote generalization is to teach persons with schizophrenia a general social problem-solving method. In the modules for training social and independent living skills produced by Liberman's UCLA group, problem solving is embedded in two of the eight learning activities for each skill area, which may account for the durability and generalization of skills reported in recent studies of the modules (2-4). Information about the modules for teaching social and independent living skills is available on the Web site of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Consultants at www.psychrehab.com. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Res Treatment & Rehabil Psychosis, Los Angeles, CA USA. Greater Los Angeles Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Liberman, RP (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 116AR,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-30911, MH-41573] NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 52 IS 1 BP 31 EP 33 DI 10.1176/appi.ps.52.1.31 PG 3 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 387PW UT WOS:000166131800006 PM 11141525 ER PT J AU Berman, SM Phan, H Mandelkern, M Zaidel, E AF Berman, SM Phan, H Mandelkern, M Zaidel, E TI Lateralized brain activations for word and accent detection SO PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-9863 USA SN 0048-5772 J9 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY JI Psychophysiology PY 2001 VL 38 SU 1 BP S25 EP S25 PG 1 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 473AX UT WOS:000171018100100 ER PT J AU Berman, SM Derbyshire, SW Naliboff, BD Mandelkern, M Mayer, EA AF Berman, SM Derbyshire, SW Naliboff, BD Mandelkern, M Mayer, EA TI Regional brain changes in response to rectal balloon inflation in irritable bowel syndrome SO PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-9863 USA SN 0048-5772 J9 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY JI Psychophysiology PY 2001 VL 38 SU 1 BP S25 EP S25 PG 1 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 473AX UT WOS:000171018100099 ER PT J AU Steinhauer, SR Kasparek, A Condray, R Siegle, GJ AF Steinhauer, SR Kasparek, A Condray, R Siegle, GJ TI Pathways contributing to pupillary dilation during sustained processing SO PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-9863 USA SN 0048-5772 J9 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY JI Psychophysiology PY 2001 VL 38 SU 1 BP S91 EP S91 PG 1 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 473AX UT WOS:000171018100365 ER PT J AU Allen, DN Kelley, ME Miyatake, RK Gurklis, JA van Kammen, DP AF Allen, DN Kelley, ME Miyatake, RK Gurklis, JA van Kammen, DP TI Confirmation of a two-factor model of premorbid adjustment in males with schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; premorbid; symptoms; intelligence; factor analysis ID DOPAMINE-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; 1ST-EPISODE SCHIZOPHRENIA; SOCIAL COMPETENCE; NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS; DETERIORATION; INTELLIGENCE; ASSOCIATE; DEFICITS; DISORDER; GENDER AB Because schizophrenia is considered to be a neurodevelopmental disorder, premorbid adjustment is of particular interest, Premorbid adjustment is probably not a unitary construct but rather is expressed across a number of developmental domains. The current investigation examined the validity of a two-factor model that differentiated premorbid adjustment across social and academic domains and evaluated relationships between these premorbid adjustment domains and other variables of interest, Participants with schizophrenia (n = 141) underwent evaluation of premorbid adjustment (using the Premorbid Adjustment Scale), intellectual functioning, and psychiatric symptoms, Using confirmatory factor analysis, a two-factor model of premorbid adjustment was identified that included an academic domain and a social domain, The social domain was associated with symptom variables, while the academic domain was associated with measures of intelligence. Results provide evidence for at least two domains of premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia, Distinguishing between these two premorbid domains may be theoretically important because of potential differences in incidence rates and deterioration courses; some individuals with schizophrenia may exhibit adequate academic adjustment but poor social adjustment, while others may exhibit the opposite pattern. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Psychol, Las Vegas, NV 89514 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Robert Wood Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, Raritan, NJ USA. RP Allen, DN (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Psychol, 4505 Maryland Pkwy,Box 455030, Las Vegas, NV 89514 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-44841] NR 34 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 5 U2 5 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 0586-7614 J9 SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL JI Schizophr. Bull. PY 2001 VL 27 IS 1 BP 39 EP 46 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 398TH UT WOS:000166772100004 PM 11215548 ER PT S AU Roy, AK Tyagi, RK Song, CS Lavrovsky, Y Ahn, SC Oh, TS Chatterjee, B AF Roy, AK Tyagi, RK Song, CS Lavrovsky, Y Ahn, SC Oh, TS Chatterjee, B BE Anthony, M Dunn, BK Sherman, S TI Androgen receptor: Structural domains and functional dynamics after ligand-receptor interaction SO SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS (SERMS) SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NIH Workshop on Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) CY APR 26-28, 2000 CL BETHESDA, MARYLAND SP NIA, NCI, Div Canc Prevent, NHLBI, NIDDKD, NIAMSK, NIDCR, NIEHS, NICHHD, NIH Off Res Womens Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Amer Federat Aging Res DE androgen receptor; SARM; endocrine disrupters; vinclozolin; procymidone; chlozolinate; receptor recycling; green fluorescent protein ID BINDING DOMAIN; GENE; MUTATIONS; ESTROGEN; COREGULATORS; SPECIFICITY; SUPERFAMILY; ANTAGONIST; PROSTATE; ALPHA AB Androgens are C-19 steroids secreted primarily from the testes and adrenals that play a critical role in reproduction. Reproductive functions of androgens are mediated through coordination of diverse physiological processes ranging from brain functions to specific cell proliferation and apoptosis. At the molecular level, most of these regulatory influences are exerted by altered expression of appropriate genes by the androgen receptor (AR), a member of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily. The unliganded AR is a cytoplasmic protein and, upon ligand binding, it translocates into the nucleus. Thereafter, in conjunction with other transcription factors and coactivators, the AR influences transcription of target genes through a multistep process that includes its clustering in a subnuclear compartment. Here, we describe the genomic organization of the AR, the role of individual structural domains in specific AR function, and the influence of agonistic/antagonistic ligands in the intracellular movement of the receptor. We also show that the AR is capable of undergoing multiple rounds of nucleocytoplasmic recycling after ligand binding and dissociation. Xenobiotic ligands, considered as selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), can modulate AR activity by inhibiting either its nuclear translocation or its subnuclear clustering and subsequent transactivation function. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Roy, AK (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [R37 AG10486]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK14744] NR 32 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 3 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-358-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2001 VL 949 BP 44 EP 57 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Reproductive Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Reproductive Biology GA BT69G UT WOS:000173775800006 PM 11795379 ER PT S AU Yaffe, K AF Yaffe, K BE Anthony, M Dunn, BK Sherman, S TI Estrogens, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and dementia: What is the evidence? SO SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS (SERMS) SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NIH Workshop on Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) CY APR 26-28, 2000 CL BETHESDA, MARYLAND SP NIA, NCI, Div Canc Prevent, NHLBI, NIDDKD, NIAMSK, NIDCR, NIEHS, NICHHD, NIH Off Res Womens Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Amer Federat Aging Res DE estrogens; selective estrogen receptor modulators; raloxifene; dementia ID CHOLINE-ACETYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; GONADAL-STEROIDS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; INCREASED RISK; BREAST-CANCER AB At least 10% of people aged 65 or older have some form of cognitive impairment, increasing to around 50% by age 85. Several studies have suggested that estrogen may improve cognitive function or prevent the development of dementia, but other studies have not shown a benefit, and results from large randomized trials are lacking. Fortunately, further trials are currently being conducted. With the recognition that selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have differential tissue-dependent effects on estrogen receptor function, there is recent interest in the effects of raloxifene, tamoxifen, and other SERMs on cognition. In this paper, the current state of knowledge of the role of estrogen for preventing dementia in postmenopausal women will be reviewed. In addition, the status of ongoing and recently completed trials of estrogen and SERMs on cognitive function or on Alzheimer's disease severity will be summarized. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Yaffe, K (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, Box 111G,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 58 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 8 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-358-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2001 VL 949 BP 215 EP 222 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Reproductive Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Reproductive Biology GA BT69G UT WOS:000173775800029 PM 11795356 ER PT J AU Lipschik, GY Kelley, MA AF Lipschik, GY Kelley, MA TI Models of critical care delivery: Physician staffing in the ICU SO SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE intensive care unit; critical care; intensivist; outcome; cost-effectiveness ID UNIT MEDICAL DIRECTOR; INTENSIVE-CARE; RESOURCE UTILIZATION; FULL-TIME; IMPACT; ORGANIZATION; MORTALITY; OUTCOMES AB Although a consensus has emerged over the value of intensive care units (ICUs) in improving both the outcome and efficiency of critical care, the optimal staffing configuration of physicians who provide this care remains controversial. The value of open ICUs, where many clinicians can admit and care for patients, versus closed ICUs, where an on-site intensivist or housestaff team (or both) provides primary care of the critically ill patient is one aspect of this controversy. The roles of the intensivist, the ICU housestaff team, and the ICU director have also been debated. This article reviews the available literature on physician staffing in critical care units and its relationship to outcome and cost-effectiveness of care. C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm Crit Care Sect, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Lipschik, GY (reprint author), Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm Crit Care Sect, 111P,Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 1069-3424 J9 SEM RESP CRIT CARE M JI Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2001 VL 22 IS 1 BP 95 EP 100 DI 10.1055/s-2001-13844 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 410VP UT WOS:000167462000011 PM 16088665 ER PT J AU Gerrity, MS AF Gerrity, MS TI Interventions to improve physicians' well-being and patient care: a commentary SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Physicians Role in Transition CY MAY, 1997 CL OSLO, NORWAY DE physicians; psychological problems; patient care; response ID JUNIOR HOUSE OFFICERS; GENERAL-PRACTITIONERS; STRESS; SATISFACTION; DOCTORS; QUALITY AB Dr. Firth-Cozens begins her paper by reviewing a broad range of research related to physicians' stress, depression, and alcoholism (Firth-Cozens, 2001, Social Science and Medicine, 52, 215-222). She then argues that these psychological problems have a negative impact on patient care and describes the possible causes of these problems. Finally, she proposes a system of organizational and individual interventions to address these problems. Before accepting her conclusions and proposed system of interventions, an important issue should be considered. Is physicians' well-being an important goal in and of itself, or do we need strong evidence that physician stress, depression, and alcoholism lead to poor patient care and outcomes? Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Gerrity, MS (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd L455, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD JAN PY 2001 VL 52 IS 2 BP 223 EP 225 DI 10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00222-7 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 384BA UT WOS:000165918100007 PM 11144778 ER PT J AU Burns, SP Kapur, V Yin, KS Buhrer, R AF Burns, SP Kapur, V Yin, KS Buhrer, R TI Factors associated with sleep apnea in men with spinal cord injury: a population-based case-control study SO SPINAL CORD LA English DT Article DE spinal cord injuries; quadriplegia; sleep apnea syndromes; case-control studies; obesity; baclofen ID TETRAPLEGIA; ADULTS; RISK AB Objective: To characterize a population of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients with sleep apnea. and to determine associated factors and comorbidities. Study Design: Population-based retrospective case-control study. Subjects: 584 male patients served by a Veterans Affairs SCI service. Measures: Medical records were reviewed for sleep apnea diagnosis, demographic information, neurologic characteristics, and treatments received. Sleep study reports were not available to determine the nature of abnormal respiratory events tie central, obstructive, hypoventilation). For each case with tetraplegia, a control tetraplegic subject without sleep apnea diagnosis was selected. Results: We identified 53 subjects with diagnosed sleep apnea: 42 tetraplegic, 11 paraplegic. This represented 14.9% of all tetraplegic and 3.7% of all paraplegic patients in the population (P<0.0001) for comparison of tetraplegic and paraplegic proportions). In tetraplegic subjects, sleep apnea was associated with obesity and more rostral motor level, but not with ASIA Impairment Scale. Medical comorbidities associated with sleep apnea in non-SCI patients, such as hypertension, were more common in case subjects. Less than half of case subjects were receiving some form of treatment. For motor-complete tetraplegics, long-term positive airway pressure treatment was less common with motor level C5 and above compared to C6 and below. Conclusion: In this population, sleep apnea has been frequently diagnosed, particularly in tetraplegic subjects. The true prevalence is likely to be considerably higher, since this study considered only previously diagnosed cases. Sleep apnea was associated with obesity and higher neurologic level, but not ASIA Impairment Scale. Medical comorbidities were more frequent in this group, and treatment acceptance was poor with higher level motor-complete injuries. Since the type of sleep apnea (central or obstructive) was not distinguished, we cannot comment on the prevalence and associations based on specific types of sleep apnea. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, SCI Serv 128, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Burns, SP (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, SCI Serv 128, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Kapur, Vishesh/K-1054-2014 OI Kapur, Vishesh/0000-0002-5417-1097 NR 22 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1362-4393 J9 SPINAL CORD JI Spinal Cord PD JAN PY 2001 VL 39 IS 1 BP 15 EP 22 DI 10.1038/sj.sc.3101103 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 397PJ UT WOS:000166703800003 PM 11224009 ER PT S AU Ogawa, M Tajima, F Sato, T Deguchi, T Laver, JH AF Ogawa, M Tajima, F Sato, T Deguchi, T Laver, JH BE Ikada, Y TI CD34 expression by murine hematopoietic cells with long-term engrafting capability SO TISSUE ENGINEERING FOR THERAPEUTIC USE 5 SE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Tissue Engineering for Therapeutic Use CY NOV 16-17, 2000 CL TSUKUBA, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Promot Sci DE bone marrow; CD34; hematopoiesis; stem cells; transplantation ID STEM-CELLS; BONE-MARROW; BLOOD-CELLS; ANTIGEN; TRANSPLANTATION AB Background. We reported earlier that CD34 expression by mouse stem cells reflects the activation state of stem cells and is reversible. However, the average observation period of engraftment in that study was 5 months. In order to study truly long term engrafting stem cells, we carried out measurements of the levels of engraftment at 1 year posttransplantation. Methods. Cells from Ly-5.1 C57BL/6 mice were used as donor cells and lethally irradiated Ly-5.2 mice were the recipients. The test cells were transplanted together with radioprotective marrow cells of Ly-5.2 mice. Results. The majority of the stem cells from normal adult mice with 1 year engraftment capabilities were CD34(-). Stem cells were found in both the CD34(-) and CD34(+) cell populations of 5-fluouracil (5-FU)-treated mice. We extended the observation time in experiments testing reversion of CD34(+) stem cells to CD34 stem cells. We transplanted Ly-5.1 CD34(+) post 5-FU marrow cells into Ly-5.2 primary recipients and, after the marrow achieved steady state, Ly-5.1 marrow cells of the primary recipients into Ly-5.2 secondary recipients. The majority of the Ly-5.1 cells engrafting 8 months after retransplantation were in the CD34(-) cell fraction. Conclusion. CD34 expression of long-term engrafting stem cells reflects the activation state of hematopoietic stem cells and is reversible. C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Ogawa, M (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0531-5131 BN 0-444-50554-7 J9 INT CONGR SER PY 2001 VL 1222 BP 37 EP 43 PG 7 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Engineering; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BS31G UT WOS:000169429900004 ER PT J AU Johnson, J Caravelli, ML Brecha, NC AF Johnson, J Caravelli, ML Brecha, NC TI Somatostatin inhibits calcium influx into rat rod bipolar cell axonal terminals SO VISUAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE somatostatin receptors; calcium imaging; rod bipolar cells; fura-2 AM; neuropeptides ID SINGLE SYNAPTIC TERMINALS; TIGER SALAMANDER RETINA; C-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY; RABBIT RETINA; MAMMALIAN RETINA; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; AMACRINE CELLS; BINDING-SITES; 2A RECEPTOR; NEURONS AB In the retina, somatostatin (SST), an inhibitory peptide that influences neuronal activity, is predominantly expressed by sparsely occurring amarcine cells. The SST subtype 2A receptor is expressed by rod bipolar cells, including their axonal terminals. We used Ca2+-imaging techniques and the ratiometric Ca2+ indicator dye fura-2 AM to investigate Ca2+ dynamics in rod bipolar cell terminals. Depolarization of rod bipolar cells by the addition of high K+ (50 or 100 mM) elicited a sustained increase in [Ca2+](i) in rod bipolar terminals that returned to basal levels following K+ removal. The Ca2+ response was dependent on extracellular Ca2+, and was inhibited by the Ca2+ channel blocker Cd2+ and by the selective L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, nimodipine. SST inhibited a K depolarization-induced [Ca2+](i) response in rod bipolar terminals. This inhibition was observed with 1 nM SST and was maximal with 1 muM SST. These findings indicate that SST may regulate transmitter release from rod bipolar. terminals by activating the SST subtype 2A receptor through modulation of intracellular Ca2+. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Med Ctr CHS, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Ophthalmol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Brecha, NC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Med Ctr CHS, Dept Neurobiol, 10833 Le Conte Ave,Box 951763, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [EY 04067, EY 07026]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 41301] NR 65 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-4930 USA SN 0952-5238 J9 VISUAL NEUROSCI JI Visual Neurosci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2001 VL 18 IS 1 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1017/S0952523801181095 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Ophthalmology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Ophthalmology GA 419EX UT WOS:000167937300009 PM 11347807 ER PT J AU Fihn, SD AF Fihn, SD TI Does VA health care measure up? SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; OF-VETERANS-AFFAIRS; MANAGEMENT; SERVICES; QUALITY; SYSTEM; FUTURE C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Fihn, SD (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 28 PY 2000 VL 343 IS 26 BP 1963 EP 1965 DI 10.1056/NEJM200012283432611 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 386VR UT WOS:000166082700011 PM 11136270 ER PT J AU Magid, DJ Calonge, BN Rumsfeld, JS Canto, JG Frederick, PD Every, NR Barron, HV AF Magid, DJ Calonge, BN Rumsfeld, JS Canto, JG Frederick, PD Every, NR Barron, HV CA Natl Registry Myocardial Infarctio TI Relation between hospital primary angioplasty volume and mortality for patients with acute MI treated with primary angioplasty vs thrombolytic therapy SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PRACTICE GUIDELINES COMMITTEE; PRIMARY CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY; ASSOCIATION TASK-FORCE; BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY; NEW-YORK-STATE; NATIONAL REGISTRY; IMMEDIATE ANGIOPLASTY; ACC/AHA GUIDELINES; SURGICAL VOLUME AB Context institutional experience with primary angioplasty has been suggested as a factor in selecting a reperfusion strategy for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, no large studies have directly compared outcomes of primary angioplasty vs thrombolytic therapy as a function of institutional experience. Objective To compare outcomes among patients with AMI who were treated with primary angioplasty vs thrombolytic therapy at hospitals with different volumes of primary angioplasty. Design Retrospective cohort. Setting A total of 446 acute care hospitals with 112 classified as low volume (less than or equal to 16 procedures), 223 as intermediate volume (17-48 procedures), and 111 as high volume (greater than or equal to 49 procedures) based on their annual primary angioplasty volume. Patients A total of 62 299 patients with AMI treated with primary angioplasty or thrombolytic therapy from June 1, 1994, through July 31, 1999. Main Outcome Measure In-hospital mortality, Results Mortality was lower among patients who received primary angioplasty compared with those who received thrombolysis at hospitals with intermediate volumes (4.5% vs 5.9%; P<.001) and high volumes (3.4% vs 5.4%; P<.001) of primary angioplasty. At low-volume hospitals, there was no significant difference in mortality between patients treated with primary angioplasty vs those treated with thrombolysis (6.2% vs 5.9%; P=.58). Adjusting for differences in demographic, medical history, clinical presentation, treatment, and hospital characteristics did not significantly alter these findings. Conclusions in this study, patients with AMI treated at hospitals with high or intermediate volumes of primary angioplasty had lower mortality with primary angioplasty than with thrombolysis, whereas patients with AMI treated at hospitals with low angioplasty volumes had similar mortality outcomes with primary angioplasty or thrombolysis. C1 Colorado Permanente Med Grp, Clin Res Unit, Denver, CO 80231 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Div Emergency Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Alabama, Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Washington, Cardiovasc Outcomes Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Genentech Inc, S San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. RP Magid, DJ (reprint author), Colorado Permanente Med Grp, Clin Res Unit, 10350 E Dakota Ave, Denver, CO 80231 USA. NR 34 TC 197 Z9 206 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 27 PY 2000 VL 284 IS 24 BP 3131 EP 3138 DI 10.1001/jama.284.24.3131 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 385FZ UT WOS:000165994100030 PM 11135776 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Reddy, R van Kammen, DP AF Yao, JK Reddy, R van Kammen, DP TI Abnormal age-related changes of plasma antioxidant proteins in schizophrenia SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE plasma; total antioxidant status; albumin; bilirubin; age; psychosis; haloperidol ID SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE ACTIVITY; FREE-RADICAL PATHOLOGY; FUNCTIONAL LIFE-SPAN; ACUTE-PHASE PROTEINS; TARDIVE-DYSKINESIA; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; VITAMIN-E; HALOPERIDOL WITHDRAWAL; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; OXIDATIVE DAMAGE AB Albumin and bilirubin art: metal-binding proteins, shown to possess free radical scavenging properties, and may thus be selective antioxidants. Tn the present study we examined whether individual plasma antioxidants such as albumin and bilirubin, which significantly contribute to total antioxidant status (TAS), are reduced in patients with schizophrenia. We prospectively studied plasma antioxidant proteins, i.e. albumin and bilirubin, in male veteran schizophrenic patients using a within-subject, repeated measures, on-off-on haloperidol treatment design, as well as age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Male patients with schizophrenia either during haloperidol treatment (n = 46) or in a drug-free condition (n = 35) had significantly lower, levels of both plasma albumin and bilirubin compared with age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (n = 31). Such reductions of plasma antioxidant proteins in schizophrenic patients appeal to be age-related changes, in contrast to those observed in healthy volunteers. On the other hand, levels of plasma albumin and bilirubin were not significantly affected by haloperidol treatment, haloperidol withdrawal, or length of drug-free period. Moreover, plasma TAS was not influenced significantly by cigarette smoking, even though it may selectively decrease plasma bilirubin but not albumin levels. The present findings, taken together with our previous results of reduced plasma TAS and uric acid, as well as an increased Red blood cell superoxide dismutase, lend further support to the hypothesis that a defect in the antioxidant defense system exists in schizophrenia that may lead to oxidative damage. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RW Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, Raritan, NJ 08869 USA. RP Yao, JK (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Bldg 13,7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 69 TC 86 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD DEC 27 PY 2000 VL 97 IS 2-3 BP 137 EP 151 DI 10.1016/S0165-1781(00)00230-4 PG 15 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 398WN UT WOS:000166779600006 PM 11166086 ER PT J AU Lin, SH Faller, LD AF Lin, SH Faller, LD TI Preparation of Na,K-ATPase specifically modified on the anti-fluorescein antibody-inaccessible site by fluorescein 5 '-isothiocyanate SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Na,K-ATPase; FITC; conformational change; energy transfer ID SARCOPLASMIC-RETICULUM CAATPASE; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; ATP BINDING-SITE; ACTIVE-SITE; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; ADENOSINE-TRIPHOSPHATASE; ENERGY-TRANSFER; SODIUM-PUMP; NA+,K+-ATPASE; ISOTHIOCYANATE AB Specific labeling is required for energy transfer measurements and to avoid artifacts in the use of fluorophores as reporter groups. Therefore, a method for specific modification by one of the most popular reagents for P-type ATPases (fluorescein 5'-isothiocyanate) has been developed. Sulfhydryl reagents protected against modification of cysteine residues, and treatment with dithiothreitol eliminated a slow doubling of the fluorescence of conventionally modified Na,K-ATPase upon dilution that is attributed to disappearance of self-energy transfer. Removal of nonspecifically bound fluorescein was also confirmed by titration of the modified Na,K-ATPase with anti-fluorescein antibody and by time resolution of the fluorescence change when the modified enzyme was mixed with Na+ in a stopped-how instrument. The only fluorescence change when specifically modified Na,K-ATPase was mixed with Na+ was the signal from fluorescein at the antibody-inaccessible, substrate-protectable site that reports the conformational change in unphosphorylated enzyme. The magnitude of the fluorescence change reporting the conformational change increased from between 8 and 12% to between 25 and 30% without affecting the kinetic constants estimated from titrations with Na+ and K+. The method should be generally applicable to the preparation of specifically labeled P-type pumps for use in kinetic and equilibrium titrations or energy transfer measurements. (C) 2000 Academic Press. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Human Biol Chem & Genet, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, CURE,Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Lin, SH (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Human Biol Chem & Genet, 5-138 Med Res Bldg,Route 1055, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. NR 42 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD DEC 15 PY 2000 VL 287 IS 2 BP 303 EP 312 DI 10.1006/abio.2000.4828 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 387YY UT WOS:000166151700016 PM 11112278 ER PT J AU Lee, JY Bielawska, AE Obeid, LM AF Lee, JY Bielawska, AE Obeid, LM TI Regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 activity by ceramide SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; RETINOBLASTOMA GENE-PRODUCT; CELL-CYCLE; PROTEIN-KINASE; SPHINGOMYELIN TURNOVER; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; GROWTH-INHIBITION; FACTOR-ALPHA; PHOSPHORYLATION; PHOSPHATASE AB Cyclin-dependent kinases have been implicated in the inactivation of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein and cell cycle progression. Recent studies have demonstrated that the lipid molecule ceramide is able to induce Rb hypophosphorylation leading to growth arrest and cellular senescence. In this study, we examined the underlying mechanisms of Rb hypophosphorylation and cell cycle progression utilizing the antiproliferative molecule ceramide. C-6-Ceramide induced a G0/G1 arrest of the cell cycle in WI38 human diploid fibroblasts, Employing immunoprecipitation kinase assays, we found that ceramide specifically inhibited cyclin-dependent kinase CDK2, with a mild effect on CDC2 and significantly less effect on CDK4. The effect of ceramide was specific such that C-6-dihy-droceramide was not effective. Ceramide did not directly inhibit CDK2 in vitro but caused activation of p21, a major class of CDK-inhibitory proteins, and led to a greater association of p21 to CDK2. Using purified protein phosphatases, we showed that ceramide activated both protein phosphatase 1 and protein phosphatase 2A activities specific for CDK2 in vitro. Further, calyculin A and okadaic acid, both potent protein phosphatase inhibitors, together almost completely reversed the effects of ceramide on CDK2 inhibition. Taken together, these results demonstrate a dual mechanism by which ceramide inhibits the cell cycle. Ceramide causes an increase in p21 association with CDK2 and through activation of protein phosphatases selectively regulates CDK2. These events may lead to activation of Rb protein and subsequent cell cycle arrest. (C) 2000 Academic Press. C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Obeid, LM (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, POB 250779,Room 604 Strom Thurmond Bldg, 114 Doug, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI obeid, lina/0000-0002-0734-0847 NR 47 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD DEC 15 PY 2000 VL 261 IS 2 BP 303 EP 311 DI 10.1006/excr.2000.5028 PG 9 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA 387ZU UT WOS:000166153600001 PM 11112337 ER PT J AU Sawai, H Okamoto, Y Luberto, C Mao, CG Bielawska, A Domae, N Hannun, YA AF Sawai, H Okamoto, Y Luberto, C Mao, CG Bielawska, A Domae, N Hannun, YA TI Identification of ISC1 (YER019w) as inositol phosphosphingolipid phospholipase C in Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPHINGOMYELINASE ACTIVITY; NEUTRAL SPHINGOMYELINASE; ACID SPHINGOMYELINASE; YEAST SPHINGOLIPIDS; CERAMIDE; GENE; STRESS; PHOSPHORYLCERAMIDE; PURIFICATION; RESPONSES AB Sphingolipids have emerged as novel bioactive mediators in eukaryotic cells including yeast. It has been proposed that sphingomyelin (SM) hydrolysis and the concomitant generation of ceramide are involved in various stress responses in mammalian cells, The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has inositol phosphosphingolipids (IPS) instead of SM and glycolipids, and synthesis of IFS is indispensable to its growth. Although the genes responsible for the synthesis of IFS have been identified, the gene(s) for the degradation of IFS has not been reported, Here we show that ISC1 (YER019w), which has homology to bacterial neutral sphingomyelinase (SMase), encodes IFS phospholipase C (IPS-PLC). First, we observed that overexpression of ISC1 greatly increased neutral SMase activity, and this activity was dependent on the presence of phosphatidylserine. Cells deleted in ISC1 demonstrated negligible neutral SMase activity. Because yeast cells have IFS instead of SM, we investigated whether IFS are the physiologic substrates of this enzyme. Lysates of ISC1-overexpressing cells demonstrated very high PLC activities on IFS. Deletion of ISC1 eliminated endogenous IPS-PLC activities, Labeling yeast cells with [H-3]dihydrosphingosine showed that IFS were increased in the deletion mutant cells, This study identifies the first enzyme involved in catabolism of complex sphingolipids in S. cerevisiae. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Hosp, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Osaka Dent Univ, Dept Med, Hirakata, Osaka 573, Japan. RP Hannun, YA (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 173 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RI OKAMOTO, Yasuo/J-8438-2015 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM43825] NR 29 TC 103 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD DEC 15 PY 2000 VL 275 IS 50 BP 39793 EP 39798 DI 10.1074/jbc.M007721200 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 384PB UT WOS:000165953100112 PM 11006294 ER PT J AU Hughes, SL Weaver, FM Giobbie-Hurder, A Manheim, L Henderson, W Kubal, JD Ulasevich, A Cummings, J AF Hughes, SL Weaver, FM Giobbie-Hurder, A Manheim, L Henderson, W Kubal, JD Ulasevich, A Cummings, J TI Effectiveness of team-managed home-based primary care - A randomized multicenter trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; HEALTH; INTERVENTION; VETERANS; LESSONS AB Context Although home-based health care has grown over the past decade, its effectiveness remains controversial. A prior trial of Veterans Affairs (VA) Team-Managed Home-Based Primary Care (TM/HBPC) found favorable outcomes, but the replicability of the model and generalizability of the findings are unknown. Objectives To assess the impact of TM/HBPC on functional status, health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), satisfaction with care, and cost of care. Design and Setting Multisite randomized controlled trial conducted from October 1994 to September 1998 in 16 VA medical centers with HBPC programs. Participants A total of 1966 patients with a mean age of 70 years who had 2 or more activities of daily living impairments or a terminal illness, congestive heart failure (CHF), or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Intervention Home-based primary care (n=981), including a primary care manager, 24-hour contact for patients, prior approval of hospital readmissions, and HBPC team participation in discharge planning, vs customary VA and private sector care (n=985). Main Outcome Measures Patient functional status, patient and caregiver HR-QoL and satisfaction, caregiver burden, hospital readmissions, and costs over 12 months. Results Functional status as assessed by the Barthel Index did not differ for terminal (P=.40) or nonterminal (those with severe disability or who had CHF or COPD) (P=.17) patients by treatment group. Significant improvements were seen in terminal TM/HBPC patients in HR-QoL scales of emotional role function, social function, bodily pain, mental health, vitality, and general health. Team-Managed HBPC nonterminal patients had significant increases of 5 to 10 points in 5 of 6 satisfaction with care scales. The caregivers of terminal patients in the TM/HBPC group improved significantly in HR-QoL measures except for vitality and general health. Caregivers of nonterminal patients improved significantly in QoL measures and reported reduced caregiver burden (P=.008). Team-Managed HBPC patients with severe disability experienced a 22% relative decrease (0.7 readmissions/patient for TM/HBPC group vs 0.9 readmissions/patient for control group) in hospital readmissions (P=.03) at 6 months that was not sustained at 12 months. Total mean per person costs were 6.8% higher in the TM/HBPC group at 6 months ($19 190 vs $17 971) and 12.1% higher at 12 months ($31 401 vs $28 008). Conclusions The TM/HBPC intervention improved most HR-QoL measures among terminally ill patients and satisfaction among non-terminally ill patients. It improved caregiver HR-QoL, satisfaction with care, and caregiver burden and reduced hospital readmissions at 6 months, but it did not substitute for other forms of care. The higher costs of TM/HBPC should be weighed against these benefits. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating Ctr, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth & Aging, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Midwest Ctr Hlth Serv & Policy Res, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Northwestern Univ, Inst Hlth Serv Res & Policy Studies, Evanston, IL USA. Vet Integrated Serv Network 12, Hines, IL USA. RP Hughes, SL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Hlth Res Ctr, MC 275,850 W Jackson Blvd,Suite 400, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. NR 28 TC 165 Z9 165 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 13 PY 2000 VL 284 IS 22 BP 2877 EP 2885 DI 10.1001/jama.284.22.2877 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 380RJ UT WOS:000165717000027 PM 11147984 ER PT J AU Johnston, SC Gress, DR Browner, WS Sidney, S AF Johnston, SC Gress, DR Browner, WS Sidney, S TI Short-term prognosis after emergency department diagnosis of TIA SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID TRANSIENT-ISCHEMIC-ATTACKS; AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION; AD-HOC-COMMITTEE; STROKE-COUNCIL; FIRST-EVER; INTEROBSERVER AGREEMENT; CARE PROFESSIONALS; MANAGEMENT; GUIDELINES AB Context Management of patients with acute transient ischemic attack (TIA) varies widely, with some institutions admitting all patients and others proceeding with outpatient evaluations. Defining the short-term prognosis and risk factors for stroke after TIA may provide guidance in determining which patients need rapid evaluation. Objective To determine the short-term risk of stroke and other adverse events after emergency department (ED) diagnosis of TIA. Design and Setting Cohort study conducted from March 1997 through February 1998 in 16 hospitals in a health maintenance organization in northern California. Patients A total of 1707 patients (mean age, 72 years) identified by ED physicians as having presented with TIA. Main Outcome Measures Risk of stroke during the 90 days after index TIA; other events, including death, recurrent TIA, and hospitalization for cardiovascular events. Results During the 90 days after index TIA, 180 patients (10.5%) returned to the ED with a stroke, 91 of which occurred in the first 2 days. Five factors were independently associated with stroke: age greater than 60 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.7; P=.01), diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4-2.9; P<.001), symptom duration longer than 10 minutes (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3-4.2; P=.005), weakness (OR, 1.9, 95% CI, 1.4-2.6; P<.001), and speech impairment (OR, 1.5, 95% CI, 1.1-2.1; P=.01). Stroke or other adverse events occurred in 428 patients (25.1%) in the 90 days after the TIA and included 44 hospitalizations for cardiovascular events (2.6%), 45 deaths (2.6%), and 216 recurrent TIAs (12.7%). Conclusions Our results indicate that the short-term risk of stroke and other adverse events among patients who present to an ED with a TIA is substantial. Characteristics of the patient and the TIA may be useful for identifying patients who may benefit from expeditious evaluation and treatment. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, Neurovasc Serv, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect, San Francisco, CA USA. Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. RP Johnston, SC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, Neurovasc Serv, 505 Parnassus Ave,M-798, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 02042, NS 36016] NR 37 TC 705 Z9 755 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 13 PY 2000 VL 284 IS 22 BP 2901 EP 2906 DI 10.1001/jama.284.22.2901 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 380RJ UT WOS:000165717000030 PM 11147987 ER PT J AU Chen, DX Stetler, RA Cao, GD Pei, W O'Horo, C Yin, XM Chen, J AF Chen, DX Stetler, RA Cao, GD Pei, W O'Horo, C Yin, XM Chen, J TI Characterization of the rat DNA fragmentation factor 35/inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase (short form) - The endogenous inhibitor of caspase-dependent DNA fragmentation in neuronal apoptosis SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CELL-DEATH; CHROMATIN CONDENSATION; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; PROTEASES; NUCLEASE; FAMILY; INDUCTION; ISCHEMIA; EXTRACTS; PROTEIN AB Nuclear changes, including internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, are classical manifestations of apoptosis for which the biochemical mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, particularly in neuronal cells. We have cloned the rat DNA fragmentation factor 35/inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase (short form) (DFF35/ICAD(S)) and found it to be the predominant form of ICAD present in rodent brain cells as well as in many other types of cells. DFF35/ICAD(S) forms a functional complex with DFF40/caspase-activated DNase (CAD) in the nucleus, and when its caspase-resistant mutant is over-expressed, it inhibits the nuclease activity, internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and nuclear fragmentation but not the shrinkage and condensation of the nucleus, in neuron-differentiated PC12 cells in response to apoptosis inducers. DFF40/CAD is found to be localized mainly in the nucleus, and during neuronal apoptosis, there is no evidence of further nuclear translocation of this molecule. It is further suggested that inactivation of DFF40/CAD-bound DFF35 and subsequent activation of DFF40/CAD during apoptosis of neuronal cells may not occur in the cytosol but rather in the nucleus through a novel mechanism that requires nuclear translocation of caspases. These results establish that DFF35/ICAD(S) is the endogenous inhibitor of DFF40/CAD and caspase-dependent apoptotic DNA fragmentation in neurons. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh Inst Neurodegenerat Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, S-506 Biomed Sci Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS36736, NS35965, NS38560] NR 33 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD DEC 8 PY 2000 VL 275 IS 49 BP 38508 EP 38517 DI 10.1074/jbc.M003906200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 381AH UT WOS:000165739800051 PM 10984476 ER PT J AU Phillips, KA Shlipak, MG Coxson, P Heidenreich, PA Hunink, MGM Goldman, PA Williams, LW Weinstein, MC Goldman, L AF Phillips, KA Shlipak, MG Coxson, P Heidenreich, PA Hunink, MGM Goldman, PA Williams, LW Weinstein, MC Goldman, L TI Health and economic benefits of increased beta-blocker use following myocardial infarction SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; COOPERATIVE CARDIOVASCULAR PROJECT; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIALS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; ELDERLY PATIENTS; DRUG-TREATMENT; POLICY MODEL AB Context beta -Blockers are underused in patients who have myocardial infarction (MI), despite the proven efficacy of these agents. New evidence indicates that beta -blockers can have benefit in patients with conditions that have been considered relative contraindications, Understanding the consequences of underuse of beta -blockers is important because of the implications for current policy debates over quality-of-care measures and Medicare prescription drug coverage, Objective To examine the potential health and economic impact of increased use of beta -blockers in patients who have had MI. Design and Setting We used the Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Policy Model, a computer-simulation Markov model of CHD in the US population, to estimate the epidemiological impact and cost-effectiveness of increased beta -blocker use from current to target levels among survivors of MI aged 35 to 84 years. Simulations included 1 cohort of MI survivors in 2000 followed up for 20 years and 20 successive annual cohorts of all first-MI survivors in 2000-2020. Mortality and morbidity from CHD were derived from published meta-analyses and recent studies. This analysis used a societal perspective. Main Outcome Measures Prevented Mis, CHD mortality, life-years gained, and cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained in 2000-2020, Results Initiating beta -blocker use for all MI survivors except those with absolute contraindications in 2000 and continuing treatment for 20 years would result in 4300 fewer CHD deaths, 3500 Mis prevented, and 45000 life-years gained compared with current use. The incremental cost per QALY gained would be $4500, If this increase in beta -blocker use were implemented in all first-MI survivors annually over 20 years, beta -blockers would save $18 million and result in 72000 fewer CHD deaths, 62000 Mis prevented, and 447000 life-years gained. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the cost-effectiveness of beta -blocker therapy would always be less than $11000 per QALY gained, even under unfavorable assumptions, and may even be cost saving, Restricting beta -blockers only to ideal patients (those without absolute or relative contraindications) would reduce the epidemiological impact of beta -blocker therapy by about 60%, Conclusions Our simulation indicates that increased use of beta -blockers after MI would lead to impressive gains in health and would be potentially cost saving. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Pharm, Inst Hlth Policy Studies, Dept Clin Pharm, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Excellence Hlth Care Markets & Managed Care, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Palo Alto VA Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Rotterdam, Netherlands. RP Phillips, KA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Pharm, Inst Hlth Policy Studies, Dept Clin Pharm, 3333 Calif St,Room 420,Box 0613, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 51 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 6 PY 2000 VL 284 IS 21 BP 2748 EP 2754 DI 10.1001/jama.284.21.2748 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 377JB UT WOS:000165509500029 PM 11105180 ER PT J AU Shen, JN Wenger, N Glaspy, J Hays, RD Albert, PS Choi, C Shekelle, PG AF Shen, JN Wenger, N Glaspy, J Hays, RD Albert, PS Choi, C Shekelle, PG TI Electroacupuncture for control of myeloablative chemotherapy-induced emesis - A randomized controlled trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CANCER-CHEMOTHERAPY; SUBSTANCE-P; ACUPUNCTURE; CISPLATIN; ANTIEMETICS; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; ONDANSETRON; ENKEPHALIN; THERAPY; NAUSEA AB Context High-dose chemotherapy poses considerable challenges to emesis management. Although prior studies suggest that acupuncture may reduce nausea and emesis, it is unclear whether such benefit comes from the nonspecific effects of attention and clinician-patient interaction. Objective To compare the effectiveness of electroacupuncture vs minimal needling and mock electrical stimulation or antiemetic medications alone in controlling emesis among patients undergoing a highly emetogenic chemotherapy regimen. Design Three-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial conducted from March 1996 to December 1997, with a 5-day study period and a 9-day follow-up. Setting Oncology center at a university medical center. Patients One hundred four women (mean age, 46 years) with high-risk breast cancer. Interventions Patients were randomly assigned to receive low-frequency electroacupuncture at classic antiemetic acupuncture points once daily for 5 days (n=37), minimal needling at control points with mock electrostimulation on the same schedule (n=33); or no adjunct needling (n=34). All patients received concurrent triple antiemetic pharmacotherapy and high-dose chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and carmustine). Main Outcome Measures Total number of emesis episodes occurring during the 5-day study period and the proportion of emesis-free days, compared among the 3 groups. Results The number of emesis episodes occurring during the 5 days was lower for patients receiving electroacupuncture compared with those receiving minimal needling or pharmacotherapy alone (median number of episodes, 5, 10, and 15, respectively; P<.001). The electroacupuncture group had fewer episodes of emesis than the minimal needling group (P<.001), whereas the minimal needling group had fewer episodes of emesis than the antiemetic pharmacotherapy alone group (P=.01), The differences among groups were not significant during the 9-day follow-up period (P=.18), Conclusions in this study of patients with breast cancer receiving high-dose chemotherapy, adjunct electroacupuncture was more effective in controlling emesis than minimal needling or antiemetic pharmacotherapy alone, although the observed effect had limited duration. C1 NIAAA, Clin Studies Lab, Brain Electrophysiol & Imaging Sect, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med & Hlth Serv Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. NCI, Biometr Res Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Vet Affairs Hlth Serv REs & Dev Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Shen, JN (reprint author), NIAAA, Clin Studies Lab, Brain Electrophysiol & Imaging Sect, NIH, Room 6 S-240,Mail Stop 1610,10 Ctr Dr,Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Hays, Ronald/D-5629-2013 FU BHP HRSA HHS [PE19001-09] NR 31 TC 151 Z9 160 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 6 PY 2000 VL 284 IS 21 BP 2755 EP 2761 DI 10.1001/jama.284.21.2755 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 377JB UT WOS:000165509500030 PM 11105182 ER PT J AU Strom, BL Abrutyn, E Berlin, JA Kinman, JL Feldman, RS Stolley, PD Levison, ME Korzeniowski, OM Kaye, D AF Strom, BL Abrutyn, E Berlin, JA Kinman, JL Feldman, RS Stolley, PD Levison, ME Korzeniowski, OM Kaye, D TI Risk factors for infective endocarditis - Oral hygiene and nondental exposures SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE endocarditis; heart diseases; infection ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; BACTERIAL-ENDOCARDITIS; CRITERIA; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; PROGNOSIS AB Background-The risks of infective endocarditis (IE) associated with various conditions and procedures are poorly defined. Methods and Results-This was a population-based case-control study conducted in 54 Philadelphia, Pa-area hospitals from 1988 to 1990. Community-acquired IE cases unassociated with intravenous drug use were: compared with matched community residents. Subjects were interviewed for risk factors. Diagnoses were confirmed by expert review of medical record abstracts with risk factor data removed. Cases were more likely than controls to suffer from prior severe kidney disease (adjusted OR [95% CI]=16.9 [1.5 to 193], P=0.02) and diabetes mellitus (adjusted OR [95% CI]=2.7 [1.4 to 5.2], P=0.004). Cases infected with skin flora had received intravenous fluids more often (adjusted OR [95% CI]=6.7 [1.1 to 41], P=0.04) and had more often had a previous skin infection (adjusted OR [95% CI]=3.5 [0.7 to 17], P=0.11). No association was seen with pulmonary, gastrointestinal, cardiac, or genitourinary procedures or with surgery. Edentulous patients had a lower risk of IE from dental flora than patients who had teeth but did not floss. Daily flossing was associated with a borderline decreased IE risk. Conclusions-Within the limits of the available sample size, the data showed that IE patients differ from people without IE with regard to certain important risk factors but not regarding recent procedures. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Dent Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Dent Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Dent Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. MCP Hahnemann Sch Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Strom, BL (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Room 824 Blockley Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL39000] NR 22 TC 86 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD DEC 5 PY 2000 VL 102 IS 23 BP 2842 EP 2848 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 378VZ UT WOS:000165607000009 PM 11104742 ER PT J AU Gralnek, IM Hays, RD Kilbourne, A Rosen, HR Keeffe, EB Artinian, L Kim, S Lazarovici, D Jensen, DM Busuttil, RW Martin, P AF Gralnek, IM Hays, RD Kilbourne, A Rosen, HR Keeffe, EB Artinian, L Kim, S Lazarovici, D Jensen, DM Busuttil, RW Martin, P TI Development and evaluation of the liver disease quality of life instrument in persons with advanced, chronic liver disease - The LDQOL 1.0 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; HEALTH SURVEY SF-36; OF-LIFE; MONTE-CARLO; TRANSPLANTATION; RELIABILITY; QUESTIONNAIRE; OUTCOMES; VALIDITY; IMPACT AB OBJECTIVES: Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes in studies of liver disease and liver transplantation is necessary. Reliable and valid disease-targeted HRQOL measures are thus needed. The objective of this study was to develop a reliable and valid self-report HRQOL instrument for ambulatory adults with chronic liver disease. METHODS: The Liver Disease Quality of Life instrument, LDQOL 1.0 (an HRQOL measure that uses the SF-36 as a generic core and 12 disease-targeted multi-item scales) was administered in a multicenter, cross-sectional field test to 221 ambulatory adults with advanced, chronic liver disease referred for primary liver transplantation evaluation. Disease-targeted scales included liver disease-related symptoms, liver disease-related effects on activities of daily living, concentration, memory, sexual functioning, sexual problems, sleep, loneliness, hopelessness, quality of social interaction, health distress, and self-perceived stigma of liver disease. We estimated the internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) for multi-item scales and construct validity. RESULTS: Internal consistency reliability coefficients were excellent, ranging from 0.62 to 0.95, with 19 of 20 scales >0.70. Multitrait scaling analysis provided strong support for item discrimination across scales, and exploratory factor analysis demonstrated distinguishable physical, mental, and social health dimensions. Significant associations were found between worse HRQOL and worse Child-Pugh class, worse self-rated liver disease severity, and increased number of disability days. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this multicenter field test provide support for the reliability and validity of the LDQOL 1.0 as an HRQOL outcome measure for individuals with chronic liver disease. (C) 2000 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Div Gastroenterol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis,Ctr Study Digest Hlth Care Qual &, Dept Med,Div Gen Internal Med & Hlth Serv Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dumont Transplant Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Gralnek, IM (reprint author), Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Div Gastroenterol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,CURE Bldg 115 Room 318, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Hays, Ronald/D-5629-2013 NR 64 TC 89 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 95 IS 12 BP 3552 EP 3565 PG 14 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 383GC UT WOS:000165873900034 PM 11151892 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Everhart, JE AF El-Serag, HB Everhart, JE TI Improved survival after variceal hemorrhage over an 11-year period in the Department of Veterans Affairs SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PORTAL-HYPERTENSION; RECORDS; LIVER; FILES AB OBJECTIVES: Over the past two decades, several modalities have become widely used in the management of esophageal variceal hemorrhage. The effectiveness of these measures on the outcome of patients with this type of hemorrhage remains unknown. METHODS: Using the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Patient Treatment File, we identified two cohorts of patients diagnosed with an initial variceal hemorrhage: an early cohort during 1981-1982 (1339 patients), and a late cohort during 1988-1991 (3636 patients). Each cohort was followed for 6 yr for rebleeding and death. Analyses were performed with proportional hazards survival analysis controlling for confounding factors. RESULTS: On presentation, patients in the late cohort were older (57 yr vs 55 yr, p < 0.0001) and had more ascites (25% vs 13%, p < 0.0001), more peritonitis (4% vs 2%, p < 0.0001), and more encephalopathy (14% vs 9%, p = 0.0003). The late cohort experienced a significant decline in mortality at 30 days (20.8% vs 29.6%, p = 0.0001) and at 6 yr (69.7% vs 74.5%, p = 0.0001). This improvement was accentuated in multivariate survival analysis when controlling for the more severe illness in the late cohort. For patients who survived the first 30 days, no significant difference in 6-yr mortality was found on univariate analysis between the early cohort (63.7%) and late cohort (61.8%) (p = 0.25), but survival was slightly better in the late cohort on multivariate analysis (p = 0.01). In the late cohort, patients with sclerotherapy during the initial hospitalization had better 30-day (17%) and 6-yr mortality (68%) than did the rest of the late cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Between the years 1981-1982 and 1988-1991, improvements in long-term survival after an initial episode of esophageal variceal hemorrhage resulted primarily from better short-term mortality. Sclerotherapy offers a partial explanation for improved survival. (C) 2000 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NIDDK, Bethesda, MD USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, 152,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 30 TC 113 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 95 IS 12 BP 3566 EP 3573 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 383GC UT WOS:000165873900035 PM 11151893 ER PT J AU Blinman, TA Gukovsky, I Mouria, M Zaninovic, V Livingston, E Pandol, SJ Gukovskaya, AS AF Blinman, TA Gukovsky, I Mouria, M Zaninovic, V Livingston, E Pandol, SJ Gukovskaya, AS TI Activation of pancreatic acinar cells on isolation from tissue: cytokine upregulation via p38 MAP kinase SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nuclear factor-kappa B; chemokines; interleukin-6; monocyte chemotactic protein-1; pancreatitis ID NF-KAPPA-B; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; PROTEIN-KINASE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; CELLULAR STRESSES; GENE-EXPRESSION; CULTURE; INTERLEUKIN-6; NEUTROPHILS; INHIBITORS AB Cytokines produced by pancreatic acinar cells may mediate cell death and recruitment of inflammatory cells into pancreas in pancreatitis and other disorders. Here, we demonstrate mRNA expression for a number of cytokines in acini isolated from rat pancreas. Using RNA from microscopically selected individual cells, we confirmed the acinar cell as a source for cytokine expression. Competitive RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunocytochemistry showed large amounts of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and interleukin-6 compared with other cytokines. Cytokine expression was inhibited by either inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), SB-202190 and SB-203580, or (less strongly) by the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB inhibitor MG-132. A combination of SB-203580 and MG-132 inhibited mRNA expression of all cytokines by > 90%. The results suggest a major role for p38 MAPK and involvement of NF-kappaB in cytokine expression in pancreatic acinar cells. In contrast to isolated acini, we detected no or very low cytokine expression in normal rat pancreas. Our results indicate that activation of p38 MAPK, transcription factors, and cytokines occurs during removal of the pancreas from the animal and isolation of acini. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Gukovskaya, AS (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Bldg 258,Rm 340,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 43 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 279 IS 6 BP C1993 EP C2003 PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 373HJ UT WOS:000165283000037 PM 11078716 ER PT J AU Berg, JT Deem, S Kerr, ME Swenson, ER AF Berg, JT Deem, S Kerr, ME Swenson, ER TI Hemoglobin and red blood cells alter the response of expired nitric oxide to mechanical forces SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE shear stress; pulmonary circulation; positive end-expiratory pressure; pulmonary blood flow; pulmonary venous pressure ID ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION; VASCULAR-RESISTANCE; EXHALED GAS; RAT LUNGS; RELEASE; RABBITS; VASOCONSTRICTION; STIMULATION; INCREASES; STRETCH AB Expired nitric oxide (NOe) varies with hemodynamic or ventilatory perturbations, possibly due to shear stress- or stretch-stimulated NO production. Since hemoglobin (Hb) binds NO, NOe changes may reflect changes in blood volume and flow. To determine the role of blood and mechanical forces, we measured NOe in anesthetized rabbits, as well as rabbit lungs perfused with buffer, red blood cells (RBCs) or Hb following changes in flow, venous pressure (P-v), and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). In buffer-perfused lungs decreases in flow and P-v reduced NOe, but NOe rose when RBCs and Hb were present. These findings are consistent with changes in vascular NO production, whose detection is obscured in blood-perfused lungs by the more dominant effect of Hb NO scavenging. PEEP decreased NOe in all perfused lungs but increased NOe in live rabbits. The NOe fall with PEEP in isolated lungs is consistent with flow redistribution from alveolar septal capillaries to extra-alveolar vessels and decreased surface area or a direct, stretch-mediated depression of lung epithelial NO production. In live rabbits, increased NOe may reflect blood flow reduction and decreased Hb NO scavenging and/or autonomic responses that increase NO production. We conclude that blood and systemic responses render it difficult to use NOe changes as an accurate measure of lung tissue NO production. C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Anesthesiol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Berg, JT (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm Res Labs, 151-L,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-45571] NR 25 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 279 IS 6 BP H2947 EP H2953 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 375NZ UT WOS:000165409300046 PM 11087251 ER PT J AU Douillet, CD Velarde, V Christopher, JT Mayfield, RK Trojanowska, ME Jaffa, AA AF Douillet, CD Velarde, V Christopher, JT Mayfield, RK Trojanowska, ME Jaffa, AA TI Mechanisms by which bradykinin promotes fibrosis in vascular smooth muscle cells: role of TGF-beta and MAPK SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE collagen; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1; transforming growth factor-beta; mitogen-activated protein kinase ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1; TISSUE INHIBITOR; MESANGIAL CELLS; COLLAGEN GENE; NITRIC-OXIDE; II RECEPTOR; PROLIFERATION AB Accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) is a hallmark feature of vascular disease. We have previously shown that hyperglycemia induces the expression of B-2-kinin receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and that bradykinin (BK) and hyperglycemia synergize to stimulate ECM production. The present study examined the cellular mechanisms through which BK contributes to VSMC fibrosis. VSMC treated with BK (10(-8) M) for 24 h significantly increased alpha (2) (I) collagen mRNA levels. In addition, BK produced a two- to threefold increase in alpha (2) (I) collagen promoter activity in VSMC transfected with a plasmid containing the alpha (2)(I) collagen promoter. Furthermore, treatment of VSMC with BK for 24 h produced a two- to threefold increase in the secretion rate of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1). The increase in alpha (2)(I) collagen mRNA levels and alpha (2)(I) collagen promoter activity, as well as TIMP-1 secretion, in response to BK were blocked by anti-transforming growth factor-beta (anti-TGF-beta) neutralizing antibodies. BK (10(-8) M) increased the endogenous production of TGF-beta1 mRNA and protein levels. Inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway by PD-98059 inhibited the increase of alpha (2)(I) collagen promoter activity, TIMP-1 production, and TGF-beta1 protein levels observed in response to BK. These findings provide the first evidence that BK induces collagen type I and TIMP-1 production via autocrine activation of TGF-beta1 and implicate MAPK pathway as a key player in VSMC fibrosis in response of BK. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Cell & Mol Pharmacol & Exptl Therapeut, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Jaffa, AA (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med Endocrinol Diabet Med Genet, 114 Doughty St,POB 250776, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-07260, HL-55782]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-46543] NR 46 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 279 IS 6 BP H2829 EP H2837 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 375NZ UT WOS:000165409300033 PM 11087238 ER PT J AU Schutzer, WE Xue, H Reed, JF Roullet, JB Anderson, S Mader, SL AF Schutzer, WE Xue, H Reed, JF Roullet, JB Anderson, S Mader, SL TI Angiotensin II enhances beta-adrenergic receptor-mediated vasorelaxation in aortas from young but not old rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2000 Meeting CY APR 14-18, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA DE cAMP; Fischer 344; forskolin; hypertension; isoproterenol ID VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; AGONIST-INDUCED DESENSITIZATION; CELLS; CONTRACTION; RELAXATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; VASODILATION; ACCUMULATION AB beta -Adrenergic receptor (beta -AR)-mediated (cAMP-dependent) vasorelaxation declines with advancing age. It has been shown that angiotensin II (ANG II), a potent vasoconstrictor, enhances cAMP-mediated vasorelaxation. Therefore, we questioned whether ANG II could reverse age-related, impaired beta -AR-mediated vasorelaxation and cAMP production. Pretreatment of aortic rings from 6-wk-old or 6-mo-old male Fischer 344 rats with ANG II significantly enhanced vasorelaxation induced by isoproterenol (Iso), a beta -AR agonist, and forskolin, a direct activator of adenylyl cyclase, but not dibutyryl-cAMP or isobutylmethylxanthine. The ANG II effect was blocked by losartan but not PD-123319 and was not observed in the aortas from 12- and 24-mo-old animals. Iso-stimulated cAMP production in the aorta was enhanced in the presence of ANG II in the 6-wk-old and 6-mo-old age groups only. Results suggest ANG II cannot reverse the age-related impairment in beta -AR-dependent vasorelaxation. We conclude aging may affect a factor common to both ANG II-receptors and beta -AR signaling pathways or aging may impair cross-talk between these two receptor pathways. C1 Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Sch Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Mader, SL (reprint author), Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, R&D 26,3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-14699] NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 279 IS 6 BP H2807 EP H2814 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 375NZ UT WOS:000165409300030 PM 11087235 ER PT J AU Gong, H Szymusiak, R King, J Steininger, T McGinty, D AF Gong, H Szymusiak, R King, J Steininger, T McGinty, D TI Sleep-related c-Fos protein expression in the preoptic hypothalamus: effects of ambient warming SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thermosensitive neurons; median preoptic nucleus; ventrolateral preoptic area ID EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP; BASAL FOREBRAIN; THERMOSENSITIVE NEURONS; POSTERIOR HYPOTHALAMUS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RAT; TEMPERATURE; WAKEFULNESS; BRAIN; DEPRIVATION AB Preoptic area (POA) neuronal activity promotes sleep, but the localization of critical sleep-active neurons is not completely known. Thermal stimulation of the POA also facilitates sleep. This study used the c-Fos protein immunostaining method to localize POA sleep-active neurons at control (22 degrees C) and mildly elevated (31.5 degrees C) ambient temperatures. At 22 degrees C, after sleep, but not after waking, we found increased numbers of c-Fos immunoreactive neurons (IRNs) in both rostral and caudal parts of the median preoptic nucleus (MnPN) and in the ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO). In animals sleeping at 31.5 degrees C, significantly more Fos IRNs were found in the rostral MnPN compared with animals sleeping at 22 degrees C. In VLPO, Fos IRN counts were no longer increased over waking levels after sleep at the elevated ambient temperature. Sleep-associated Fos IRNs were also found diffusely in the POA, but counts were lower than those made after waking. This study supports a hypothesis that the MnPN, as well as the VLPO, is part of the POA sleep-facilitating system and that the rostral MnPN may facilitate sleep, particularly at elevated ambient temperatures. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. RP McGinty, D (reprint author), VAGLAHS, 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 90037 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-60296]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-47480] NR 50 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 279 IS 6 BP R2079 EP R2088 PG 10 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 374LV UT WOS:000165347400016 PM 11080072 ER PT J AU Butters, MA Becker, JL Nebes, RD Zmuda, MD Mulsant, BH Pollock, BG Reynolds, CF AF Butters, MA Becker, JL Nebes, RD Zmuda, MD Mulsant, BH Pollock, BG Reynolds, CF TI Changes in cognitive functioning following treatment of late-life depression SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 106th Annual Convention of the American-Psychological-Association CY AUG 14-18, 1998 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Psychol Assoc ID MINI-MENTAL-STATE; GERIATRIC DEPRESSION; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DEFICITS; ELDERLY DEPRESSIVES; MAJOR DEPRESSION; DEMENTIA; HYPERINTENSITIES; SEVERITY; SCALE AB Objective: Knowledge of the relationship between various clinical characteristics and cognitive functioning is advancing, but little is known about the cognitive response to treatment for geriatric depression. The purpose of this study was to examine the cognitive response to treatment for patients with late-life depression. Method: Subjects included 45 nondemented, elderly depressed patients who achieved remission after 12 weeks of antidepressant treatment and 20 elderly comparison subjects. All subjects were administered a battery of clinical measures, including cognitive screening instruments, before and after treatment. Results: As a group, the elderly depressed patients showed a small improvement in overall cognitive functioning after treatment. Among depressed patients with concomitant cognitive impairment at baseline, performance on the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale domains of conceptualization and initiation/perseveration improved significantly relative to those of depressed patients with normal cognition. Despite the improvement following treatment, the overall level of cognitive functioning in the elderly depressed patients with cognitive impairment at baseline remained mildly impaired, especially in the memory and initiation/perseveration domains. Conclusions: Elderly depressed patients with cognitive impairment may experience improvement in specific domains following antidepressant treatment but may not necessarily reach normal levels of performance, particularly in memory and executive functions. This subgroup of late-life depression patients is likely at high risk of developing progressive dementia. C1 Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Neurosci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Butters, MA (reprint author), Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, 3811 OHara St,E831, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-05133]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-01684, MH-52247] NR 29 TC 201 Z9 212 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 157 IS 12 BP 1949 EP 1954 DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.12.1949 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 378NA UT WOS:000165589400009 PM 11097959 ER PT J AU Morrell, MJ Finn, L Kim, H Peppard, PE Badr, MS Young, T AF Morrell, MJ Finn, L Kim, H Peppard, PE Badr, MS Young, T TI Sleep fragmentation, awake blood pressure, and sleep-disordered breathing in a population-based study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OBSTRUCTIVE APNEAS; EEG AROUSALS; HYPERTENSION; HYPOXIA; HUMANS; RESPONSES; MODEL AB Arousal from sleep produces transient increases in systemic blood pressure, leading to the suggestion that repeated arousals are associated with a sustained increase in daytime blood pressure. Using data from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, a population-based study, we tested the hypothesis that sleep fragmentation is associated with elevated awake blood pressure. Sleep, breathing, and seated blood pressure measurements from 1,021 participants (age 42 +/- 8 yr; 590 males) were analyzed. Sleep fragmentation was defined as the total number of awakenings and shifts to Stage 1 sleep divided by the total sleep time (sleep fragmentation index: SFI). To reduce the confounding influence of sleep-disordered breathing, which is related to both increased daytime blood pressure and sleep fragmentation, all participants with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) greater than or equal to 1 were analyzed separately. Accounting for the influences of sex, age, body mass index, and antihypertensive medication use, the SFI was significantly associated with higher levels of awake systolic blood pressure in people with an AHI < 1; a 2 standard deviation increase in the SFI was associated with a 3.1 mm Hg rise in awake systolic: blood pressure. in participants with an AHI 1, there was no independent association between the SFI and awake blood pressure after controlling for the influence of the AHI. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI USA. RP Morrell, MJ (reprint author), Royal Brompton Hosp, Sleep & Ventilat Unit, S Block,Sydney St, London SW3 6NP, England. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1 RR3186]; NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL 42242] NR 33 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 162 IS 6 BP 2091 EP 2096 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 381ZV UT WOS:000165794700022 PM 11112120 ER PT J AU Serby, M Samuels, S AF Serby, M Samuels, S TI Visual hallucinations and dementia with Lewy bodies SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Serby, M (reprint author), CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1230, New York, NY 10029 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 57 IS 12 BP 1792 EP 1792 DI 10.1001/archneur.57.12.1792 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 382EQ UT WOS:000165810400024 PM 11115254 ER PT J AU Wolfson, AM Doctor, JN Burns, SP AF Wolfson, AM Doctor, JN Burns, SP TI Clinician judgments of functional outcomes: How bias and perceived accuracy affect rating SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE activities of daily living; judgment; observer bias; rehabilitation ID INDEPENDENCE MEASURE FIM; DECISION-MAKING; HEALTH-CARE; REHABILITATION; INFORMATION; RELIABILITY; HEURISTICS; VALIDITY; AGE AB Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of clinician judgments of patient function, the susceptibility of judges to bias, and the relation between a judge's degree of belief in his/her accuracy of classification to observed accuracy when using the FIM(TM) instrument. Participants: Fifty rehabilitation professionals. Setting: 3 urban medical centers. Design: Four randomized experiments among subjects to examine the effect of potentially biasing information on FIM ratings of patient vignettes. Participants answered 60 true/false questions regarding patient function and FIM score and indicated confidence in the accuracy of their answers. Interventions: Manipulation of patient information. Main Outcome Measures: The standard FIM 7-point scale, observed proportion of correct responses to the 60 true/false questions, and a 6-category confidence scale for each of the 60 questions were used as dependent measures. Results: FIM ratings assigned to others biased participants' FIM ratings of patient vignettes. Functional ability was over estimated when ratings in other domains were high and underestimated when they were low. Participants were overconfident in their ability to answer FIM questions accurately across all professional disciplines. Conclusion: Bias and poor judgment of level accuracy play a significant role in clinician ratings of patient functioning. Blind ratings and training in debiasing are potential solutions to the problem. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Wolfson, AM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Rehabil Med, Box 356490, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 48 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 81 IS 12 BP 1567 EP 1574 DI 10.1053/apmr.2000.16345 PG 8 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 380JU UT WOS:000165698800005 PM 11128891 ER PT J AU Huang, Y Fleming, AJ Wu, S Virella, G Lopes-Virella, MF AF Huang, Y Fleming, AJ Wu, S Virella, G Lopes-Virella, MF TI Fc-gamma receptor cross-linking by immune complexes induces matrix metalloproteinase-1 in U937 cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 72nd Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 07-10, 1999 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Amer Heart Assoc DE LDL; metalloproteinase; immune complex; collagen ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; OXIDIZED LDL; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CIRCUMFERENTIAL STRESS; TYROSINE KINASES; TISSUE INHIBITOR; THP-1 CELLS; TNF-ALPHA AB Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) secreted by macrophages potentially contributes to plaque rupture. Because large quantities of immunoglobulin G and ICs (ICs), including low density lipoprotein-containing ICs (LDL-ICs), are present in atherosclerotic lesions, we examined the effect of LDL-ICs on macrophage MMP-1 expression. With the use of ICs prepared with human LDL and rabbit anti-LDL antiserum, our enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Northern blots showed that MMP-1 secretion and expression by U937 histiocytes were induced by LDL-ICs, Furthermore, our results showed that blocking of Fc-gamma receptor I and II (Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RII) inhibited 70% and 55%, respectively, of the LDL-IC-induced secretion of MMP-1. Finally, our data showed that both PD98059, an inhibitor of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, and Ro-31-2880, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, inhibited LDL-IC-stimulated MMP-1 secretion in a dose-dependent manner, with 96% and 95% inhibition, respectively, at the respective doses of 50 mu mol/L and 80 nmol/L. In conclusion, this study demonstrated for the first time that LDL-ICs induce macrophage MMP-1 secretion by cocross-linking Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RII and triggering a protein kinase C-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. These results suggest that LDL-ICs and other ICs localized in atherosclerotic plaques may be potent stimulators for macrophage MMP-1 expression and may contribute to plaque rupture and acute coronary events. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Huang, Y (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, 114 Doughty St, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-55782] NR 47 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 20 IS 12 BP 2533 EP 2538 PG 6 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 383EJ UT WOS:000165869900011 PM 11116049 ER PT J AU McFarlane, AC Yehuda, R AF McFarlane, AC Yehuda, R TI Clinical treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: conceptual challenges raised by recent research SO AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE aetiology; cognitive and behaviour therapy; pharmacotherapy; phenomenology; posttraumatic stress disorder; psychotherapy; treatment ID EYE-MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION; AVOIDANCE SYMPTOMS; INJURED SURVIVORS; FLOODING THERAPY; TERRORIST ATTACK; PREDICTIVE VALUE; EARLY INTRUSION; RAPE VICTIMS; TRAUMA; PSYCHOTHERAPY AB Objective: This paper highlights some of the recent findings in the field of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and examines their impact on conceptions of trauma-focused clinical treatment. Method: A series of research findings in the area of epidemiology, phenomenology, neurobiology and treatment are summarised. Results: The findings from these studies present critical challenges for clinicians who wish to treat trauma survivors using specialised trauma treatments, The major challenge is one of avoiding a simplistic view of PTSD as a singular response to trauma, as this perception may result in an underestimation of the complexity and disabling quality of the disorder, and lead to the formulation of treatment plans that are simplistic or incomplete. Conclusions: A more precise characterisation of the nature and range of the stress responses of trauma victims will significantly improve treatments of trauma survivors. C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. Univ Adelaide, Queen Elizabeth Hosp, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RP Yehuda, R (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NR 82 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE ASIA PI CARLTON PA 54 UNIVERSITY ST, P O BOX 378, CARLTON, VICTORIA 3053, AUSTRALIA SN 0004-8674 J9 AUST NZ J PSYCHIAT JI Aust. N. Z. J. Psych. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 34 IS 6 BP 940 EP 953 DI 10.1080/000486700268 PG 14 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 385UB UT WOS:000166021100006 PM 11127624 ER PT J AU Teale, P Reite, M Rojas, DC Sheeder, J Arciniegas, D AF Teale, P Reite, M Rojas, DC Sheeder, J Arciniegas, D TI Fine structure of the auditory M100 in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; schizoaffective disorder; magnetoencephalography; M100; auditory-evoked fields; laterality ID SENSORY MEMORY; NEUROMAGNETIC EVIDENCE; LEFT-HEMISPHERE; ABNORMALITIES; COMPONENT; ASYMMETRY AB Background: Several studies have demonstrated anomalous asymmetry of the 100-msec latency auditory-evoked field (M100) in schizophrenia Recent evidence suggests this may be a compound component however Our study examines the localization of two M100 subcomponents in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Methods: Magnetoencephalographic recordings of auditory-evoked fields were obtained for 14 subjects with schizophrenia, 12 with schizoaffective disorder and 23 control subjects. Two M100 subcomponents were identified and localized in each hemisphere. Results: Both patient groups exhibited different lateralization compared with control subjects, with the second subcomponent tending to be less lateralized Conclusions: The second subcomponent may be the major contributor to previously reported laterality differences. Future studies might benefit by separating M100 subcomponents so that specific functions could be addressed. (C) 2000 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Biomagnet Imaging Lab, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Reite, M (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Biomagnet Imaging Lab, 4200 E 9th Ave,Box C268-68, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RI Arciniegas, David/A-3792-2009; Rojas, Don/F-4296-2012 OI Rojas, Don/0000-0001-6560-9616; Sheeder, Jeanelle/0000-0002-4463-3569 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH47476] NR 17 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD DEC 1 PY 2000 VL 48 IS 11 BP 1109 EP 1112 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)00941-0 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 377EH UT WOS:000165498600010 PM 11094145 ER PT J AU Bauer, MS Vojta, C Kinosian, B Altshuler, L Glick, H AF Bauer, MS Vojta, C Kinosian, B Altshuler, L Glick, H TI The Internal State Scale: replication of its discriminating abilities in a multisite, public sector sample SO BIPOLAR DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE assessment instruments; bipolar disorder; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves ID DYSPHORIC MANIA; HYPOMANIA AB Objective: The internal State Scale (ISS) is a self-report instrument that has been validated for discriminating mood states in patients with bipolar disorder. This study a) extends investigation to a multisite public sector sample and b) tests a revised scoring algorithm that formally identifies patients in mixed states. Methods: Eighty-Six patients with bipolar disorder from four Veterans Affairs medical centers were assessed in a doss-sectional design. Physician-conducted semi-structured interviews used DSM-IV criteria to identify subjects as meeting criteria for euthymia, mania or hypomania, depression, or mixed state (mania or hypomania plus depression). A revised ISS scoring algorithm independently assigned mood state. Mean subscale scores were analyzed across groups. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to determine optimal algorithm structure. Results: Analysis of mean scores for the ISS subscales replicated original results for Activation. Well-Being, and Perceived Conflict. but indicated differences from the original results for the Depression Index. The ROC curve analysis identified optimal cut-off scores for the revised algorithm. The overall kappa score indicated moderate agreement between ISS and physician ratings of mood state, including mixed states. Limitations: The study used a sample consisting primarily of male veterans. Mood state was assigned by experts using expert clinician diagnosis. not structured interviews. Conclusion: The performance of the ISS in this multisite. public sector sample was similar to the performance in the initial research clinic sample. This finding confirms the validity of the ISS as a discriminator of mood states in bipolar disorder. The development of a revised scoring algorithm makes feasible formal identification of mired episodes with the ISS. C1 Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Providence VA Med Ctr, Providence, RI USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Bauer, MS (reprint author), VAMC-116R,830 Chalkstone Ave, Providence, RI 02908 USA. NR 16 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 2 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1398-5647 J9 BIPOLAR DISORD JI Bipolar Disord. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 2 IS 4 BP 340 EP 346 DI 10.1034/j.1399-5618.2000.020409.x PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 428PQ UT WOS:000168470400009 PM 11252648 ER PT J AU Schwartz, DL Schechter, GP Seltzer, S Chauncey, TR AF Schwartz, DL Schechter, GP Seltzer, S Chauncey, TR TI Radiation myelitis following allogeneic stem cell transplantation and consolidation radiotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma SO BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE radiation myelitis; spinal cord toxicity; transplantation; total body irradiation; consolidation radiotherapy; lymphoma ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION; CERVICAL SPINAL-CORD; MYELOPATHY; TOLERANCE; DISEASE; TOXICITY; THERAPY; TRIAL AB Myelitis is a rare but well documented complication of therapeutic radiation exposure to the spinal cord and is characterized by delayed development of paresthesias, sensory changes and, in severe cases, progressive paresis and paralysis. Although accepted radiation tolerance limits for the spinal cord have successfully limited the incidence of this problem (45-50 Gy, in daily 1.8-2 Gy fractions), aggressive systemic therapy may render patients more susceptible to radiation-related neurotoxicity. We describe the case of a 38-year-old man with refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who underwent matched sibling peripheral blood stem cell transplant following a conditioning regimen of cyclophosphamide (60 mg/kg x 2) and total body irradiation (120 cGy x 11), This was followed by delivery of 30.6 Gy involved-field radiation at 1.8 Gy/day to the mediastinum and left supraclavicular fossa for bulky residual tumor. Although maximum cumulative radiation dose to the spinal cord was less than 45 Gy, the patient subsequently developed progressive lower extremity weakness and MRI abnormalities of the spinal cord limited to the radiation field. This represents the second report in the literature of this unexpected complication, prompting a need to reexamine current guidelines for radiotherapy in the context of high-dose systemic treatment. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Marrow Transplant Unit, Dept Radiat Oncol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Div Oncol, Dept Radiat Oncol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Med Ctr, Hematol Sect, Washington, DC USA. VA Med Ctr, Serv Radiol, Washington, DC USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. RP Chauncey, TR (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Marrow Transplant Unit, Dept Radiat Oncol, S-111-MTU,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0268-3369 J9 BONE MARROW TRANSPL JI Bone Marrow Transplant. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 26 IS 12 BP 1355 EP 1359 DI 10.1038/sj.bmt.1702705 PG 5 WC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA 394YW UT WOS:000166552800015 PM 11223979 ER PT J AU Braslow, JT AF Braslow, JT TI Therapeutics and thc history of psychiatry SO BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID FACTS C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, NPI, Hlth Serv Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Hist, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Braslow, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, NPI, Hlth Serv Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Hist, 10920 Wilshire Blvd,Suite 300, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 USA SN 0007-5140 J9 B HIST MED JI Bull. Hist. Med. PD WIN PY 2000 VL 74 IS 4 BP 794 EP 802 DI 10.1353/bhm.2000.0161 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Health Care Sciences & Services; History & Philosophy of Science GA 392RW UT WOS:000166427100007 PM 11201268 ER PT J AU Haigh, PI Glass, EC Essner, R AF Haigh, PI Glass, EC Essner, R TI Accuracy of gamma probes in localizing radioactivity: In-vitro assessment and clinical implications SO CANCER BIOTHERAPY AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article ID EARLY-STAGE MELANOMA; SENTINEL NODE BIOPSY; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; BREAST-CANCER; LYMPH-NODE; RADIOIMMUNOGUIDED SURGERY; RADIOGUIDED SURGERY; COLORECTAL-CANCER; LOCALIZATION; PATIENT AB Background: Radioguided surgery (RGS) uses gamma probes to localize radioactive targets. We examined the in-vitro localizing properties of commercially available gamma probes for three common RGS radioisotopes: technetium-99m (Tc-99m), indium-111 (In-111), and iodine-125 (I-125). Methods: The linear and angular localizing properties of five gamma probes were assessed. Radioactive counts in air were obtained at multiple energy threshold settings for each radioisotope. The full width half maximum (FWHM) and angular half maximum (AHM) were calculated to determine localizing acccuracy. Results: The FWHM of the five probes ranged from 1.2 to 3.4 cm for (TC)-T-99m, 1.8 to 2.7 cm for In-111 and 1.6 to 2.8 cm for I-125. AHM of the probes ranged from 20 to 49 degrees for Tc-99m, 14 to 35 degrees for In-111, and 18 to 47 degrees for I-125. The ranking of probe accuracy depended on the radioisotope studied. Absolute count rates varied with energy threshold settings for each probe and radioisotope. Probes required individualized energy threshold settings for optimal performance. Conclusions: The five probes varied in their characteristics for localizing the three radioisotopes. Each probe has particular detection characteristics that may change with different radioisotopes. Differences in radioisotope detection may explain intraoperative variation in localization during lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node dissection (LM/SL). Surgeons should be aware of probe performance characteristics before intraoperative use. C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Surg Oncol, Princess Margaret Hosp, Toronto, ON M5R 3C3, Canada. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. St Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Div Surg Oncol, Santa Monica, CA USA. RP Haigh, PI (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Surg Oncol, Princess Margaret Hosp, 610 Univ Ave,Suite 3-130, Toronto, ON M5R 3C3, Canada. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA12582, CA29605] NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1084-9785 J9 CANCER BIOTHER RADIO JI Cancer Biother. Radiopharm. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 15 IS 6 BP 561 EP 569 DI 10.1089/cbr.2000.15.561 PG 9 WC Oncology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 426WK UT WOS:000168371300005 PM 11190488 ER PT J AU Tu, YP Gardner, A Lichtenstein, A AF Tu, YP Gardner, A Lichtenstein, A TI The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT kinase pathway in multiple myeloma plasma cells: Roles in cytokine-dependent survival and proliferative responses SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; DEXAMETHASONE-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; P70 S6 KINASE; PROTEIN-KINASE; INHIBITS APOPTOSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION; INTERLEUKIN-6; INSULIN; RECEPTOR AB Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) induce proliferative and antiapoptotic responses in multiple myeloma (MM) plasma cells. Because these cytokines may activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-K)/AKT kinase pathway in other cell types, we investigated the role of PI 3-K/AKT in MM cell responses. IGF-I effectively activated PI3-K in 8226 and OCI-My5 MM cells, but IL-6 was ineffective, However, IL-6 successfully activated PI 3-K in AF-10 MM cells and IL-6-dependent MH.60 plasmacytoma/hybridoma cells. IGF-I also successfully activated PI 3-K in four of four MM patient specimens, and IL-6 activated PI 3-K in three of four specimens. Inhibition of PI 3-K activity with wortmannin or Ly294002 blocked the antiapoptotic effect of IGF-I and the proliferative effect of IL-6 in the myeloma cell lines. Furthermore, a dominant negative PI 3-K construct, expressed in AF-10 cells by adenoviral infection, also significantly inhibited the IL-6 proliferative response in MM cells. In correlation with activation of PI 3-K, IGF-I also effectively activated the AKT kinase in 8226 and OCI-My5 cells, and IL-6 activated AKT in AF-10 and MH.60 cells. However, although incapable of activating PI 3-K in 8226 and OCI-My5 cells, IL-6 successfully activated AKT in these MM lines, suggesting PI 3-K-independent mechanisms of AKT activation. The prevention of a myeloma cell proliferative response resulting from inhibition of PI 3-K activity was not associated with an inhibition of IL-6-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. These results support a role for the PI 3-K/AKT pathway in cytokine-dependent responses in myeloma cells, which is independent of any activation of the ERK pathway. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Lichtenstein, A (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Adm Hosp, W111H,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 49 TC 173 Z9 179 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD DEC 1 PY 2000 VL 60 IS 23 BP 6763 EP 6770 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 379JJ UT WOS:000165638700034 PM 11118064 ER PT J AU Canver, CC Nichols, RD AF Canver, CC Nichols, RD TI Use of intraoperative hetastarch priming during coronary bypass SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE cardiopulmonary bypass; coronary bypass; hetastarch; transfusions ID CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; FLUID RESUSCITATION; ALBUMIN; SHOCK; CRYSTALLOIDS; OPERATIONS; PULMONARY; COLLOIDS; SURGERY AB Background: The use of hetastarch during coronary bypass surgery has been limited due to its unresolved potential risk for hemorrhage. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using 6% hetastarch in priming cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuitry on the need for blood product transfusions and outcome after coronary bypass. Materials and methods: This nonrandomized retrospective study involved 887 patients who underwent isolated primary coronary artery bypass grafting. Based on the type of solution used in priming the CPB circuitry, patients were stratified into the following four different groups: group 1, crystalloid (500 mL; n = 211); group 2, 25% human albumin (50 mL; n = 217); group 3, 6% hetastarch (500 mL; n = 298); and group 4, 25% human albumin (50 mL) and 6% hetastarch (500 mL; n = 161). Patient characteristics and clinical variables were compared among the groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Patient survival estimates were compared using log-rank test. Results: Demographic patient characteristics for all groups were similar (p > 0.05). Intraoperative and perioperative variables among groups were comparable (p > 0.05). The use of hetastarch as a part of prime solution in CPB circuitry did not alter the need for banked blood, platelets, or fresh frozen plasma transfusions (p > 0.05). The length of stay in the ICU or in the hospital was unaffected in all groups. The early (ie, 30-day) mortality rate was 1.4% in group 1, 1.8% in group 2, 1.0% in group 3, and 3.1% in group 4. Long-term survival among the groups was unaffected by the type of priming solution. Conclusions: The use of hetastarch in priming CPB circuitry is devoid of any added hemorrhagic risk after coronary bypass, and the type of prime solution for CPB has no influence on the early or late survival rates of patients undergoing primary coronary bypass. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI USA. Albany Med Coll, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Albany, NY 12208 USA. RP Canver, CC (reprint author), Albany Med Coll, Div Cardiothorac Surg, 47 New Scotland Ave,Mail Code S5, Albany, NY 12208 USA. NR 14 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD DEC PY 2000 VL 118 IS 6 BP 1616 EP 1620 DI 10.1378/chest.118.6.1616 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 384PF UT WOS:000165953500018 PM 11115448 ER PT J AU Tatlidil, R New, P Mayberg, H AF Tatlidil, R New, P Mayberg, H TI FDG positron emission tomography in diffuse Lewy body disease - A case report SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE dementia; fluorodeoxyglucose; Lewy body disease; parkinsonism; positron emission tomography ID CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; DEMENTIA; DIAGNOSIS; BODIES AB Lewy body disease is a clinicopathologic condition that includes Parkinson's disease at one end and diffuse Lewy body disease at the other hand. The latter is often associated with progressive cognitive deterioration, levodopa-responsive parkinsonism, fluctuations of cognitive and motor functions, and visual and auditory hallucinations. In addition, it can be a familial disease. Clinical and positron emission tomographic findings are described in a patient with atypical dementia and movement disorder and a pathologically proved diagnosis of diffuse Lewy body disease. C1 Univ Texas, Res Imaging Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Neurol, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Univ Texas, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. RP Tatlidil, R (reprint author), 1362 Sokak,14A Cankaya, TR-35230 Izmir, Turkey. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 25 IS 12 BP 1004 EP 1006 DI 10.1097/00003072-200012000-00009 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 378QX UT WOS:000165596000009 PM 11129133 ER PT J AU Bayir, H Kagan, VE Tyurina, YY Tyurin, V Ruppel, RA Adelson, PD Graham, SH Janesko, KL Clark, RSB Kochanek, PM AF Bayir, H Kagan, VE Tyurina, YY Tyurin, V Ruppel, RA Adelson, PD Graham, SH Janesko, KL Clark, RSB Kochanek, PM TI Assessment of antioxidant reserve and oxidative stress in cerebrospinal fluid after severe traumatic brain injury in infants and children SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Childrens Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RI Kochanek, Patrick/D-2371-2015 OI Kochanek, Patrick/0000-0002-2627-913X NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 28 IS 12 SU S MA 80 BP A52 EP A52 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 388ZD UT WOS:000166212200081 ER PT J AU Nguyen, NQ Moy, RL AF Nguyen, NQ Moy, RL TI The impact of dermatologic surgery SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Moy, RL (reprint author), 100 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 590, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 26 IS 12 BP 1089 EP 1091 PG 3 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 386AD UT WOS:000166036600011 PM 11134982 ER PT J AU Nguyen, NQ Moy, RL AF Nguyen, NQ Moy, RL TI Authors in dermatologic surgery SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID JOURNALS AB Authors of scientific papers have been evaluated in the past by how frequently the medical literature cites them. In this analysis, we specifically identify those individuals who have contributed to the field of cutaneous surgery through publications in Dermatologic Surgery. We further analyze those publications frequently cited in Dermatologic Surgery, allowing us to determine topics of utmost value and interest. Using a citation database provided by the Institute for Scientific Information, we first identify all publications and citations from 1981 to 1999 for Dermatologic Surgery and the Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology (the previous name for this journal). Of the original articles published during this time frame, 3099 authors published 2167 papers. We quantify the publications from each author, and identify 57 authors with at least 10 original articles. When expanding the database parameters to include original articles, reviews, notes, and proceedings (as defined by the Science Citation Index), we find that the eight authors with the greatest number of publications are the same individuals with the greatest number of original articles. This reflects significant contributions to the field of cutaneous surgery by these authors. This analysis further identifies source papers for authors in Dermatologic Surgery. Publications frequently cited include those papers discussing laser surgery, with Dermatologic Surgery serving as the most frequently cited journal. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Moy, RL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Dermatol, 100 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 530, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 26 IS 12 BP 1092 EP 1095 DI 10.1046/j.1524-4725.2000.00252.x PG 4 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 386AD UT WOS:000166036600012 PM 11134983 ER PT J AU Pold, M Pold, A Ma, HJ Sjak-Shie, NN Vescio, RA Berenson, JR AF Pold, M Pold, A Ma, HJ Sjak-Shie, NN Vescio, RA Berenson, JR TI Cloning of the first invertebrate MAGE paralogue: an epitope that activates T-cells in humans is highly conserved in evolution SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE homology search; MAGE gene family; DMAGE; D. melanogaster; shared tumor antigens; developmentally regulated expression; MHC; protostome-deuterostome divergence ID PRADER-WILLI-SYNDROME; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE; SEX REVERSAL; NECDIN GENE; IDENTIFICATION; FAMILY; LYMPHOCYTES; EXPRESSION; REGION; VERTEBRATES AB The MAGE (Melanoma Associated Antigen) family tumor-specific antigens are shared by a number of histologically different rumors. Till date, only human and mouse MAGE genes have been characterized. Our study describes the first non-mammalian member of MAGE super-family, DMAGE from D. melanogaster. A conceptual translation of the cDNA of DMAGE identifies a putative protein that contains a motif that shares eight out of nine amino acids with the previously identified promiscuous, HLA-A2 restricted antigenic epitope in the C-terminus of human MAGE-B1 and -B2. Similarly, this motif of DMAGE shares seven out of nine amino acids with the same antigenic epitope of human MAGE-A3 and -A12. Thus, the phylogeny of proteins that activate tumor specific T-cells in mammals as unmutated self-proteins began at least 100 million years earlier in evolution than the emergence of the adaptive immune system of higher vertebrates. Northern analysis revealed that DMAGE is a developmentally regulated gene highly expressed in adult fruit Ay and in the embryo of D. melanogaster. In contrast, the expression level of the mRNA of DMAGE in fruit fly larva is substantially lower than in embryo and adult fly. We propose that studies of DMAGE on D. melanogaster may help define the function(s) of MAGE super-family genes. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brentwood Biomed Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Pold, M (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brentwood Biomed Res Inst, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 304,E1-110, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 24 IS 8 BP 719 EP 731 DI 10.1016/S0145-305X(00)00027-6 PG 13 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 338HM UT WOS:000088413300001 PM 10906385 ER PT J AU Andrikopoulos, S Verchere, CB Terauchi, Y Kadowaki, T Kahn, SE AF Andrikopoulos, S Verchere, CB Terauchi, Y Kadowaki, T Kahn, SE TI beta-Cell glucokinase deficiency and hyperglycemia are associated with reduced islet amyloid deposition in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID INDUCED INSULIN-SECRETION; FIBRIL FORMATION; TRANSGENIC MICE; IN-VITRO; TARGETED DISRUPTION; POLYPEPTIDE; GLUCOSE; MELLITUS; PEPTIDES; GENE AB Type 2 diabetes is characterized by impaired P-cen function, hyperglycemia, and islet amyloid deposition. he primary constituent of islet amyloid is the 37-amino acid beta -cell product called islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) or amylin. To study mechanisms of islet amyloid formation, we developed a transgenic mouse model that produces and secretes the amyloidogenic human IAPP (hIAPP) molecule and have shown that 81% of male transgenic mice develop islet amyloid after 14 months on a high-fat diet. To test whether impaired beta -cell function and hyperglycemia could enhance islet amyloid formation, me cross-bred our hIAPP transgenic mice with beta -cell glucokinase-knockout mice (GKKO) that have impaired glucose-mediated insulin secretion and fasting hyperglycemia. The resulting nem (hIAPP x GKKO) Line of mice had higher basal plasma glucose concentrations than the hIAPP transgenic mice at 3, 6, and 12 months of age (P < 0.05), as did GKKO mice compared with hIAPP transgenic mice at 6 and 12 months of age (P < 0.05). Basal plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels mere lower in hIAPP x GKKO mice than in hIAPP transgenic mice at 6 months of age (P < 0.05). The area under the glucose curve in response to an intraperitoneal glucose challenge (1 g/kg body weight) was larger in hIAPP x GKKO mice than in hIAPP transgenic mice at 3, 6, and 12 months of age (P < 0.005) and in GKKO mice compared with hIAPP transgenic mice at 6 and 12 months of age (P < 0.005). The area under the IRI curve was lower in hIAPPxGKKO mice at 6 and 12 months of age (P < 0.05) than in hIAPP transgenic mice and in GKKO mice compared with hIAPP transgenic mice at 12 months of age (P < 0.05). Despite the presence of hyperglycemia, hIAPPxGKKO mice had a lower incidence (4 of 17 vs. 12 of 19, P < 0.05) and amount (0.40 +/- 0.24 vs. 1.2 +/- 0.3 arbitrary units, P < 0.05) of islet amyloid than hIAPP transgenic mice had. As expected, no islet amyloid mas observed in GKKO mice lacking the hIAPP transgene (0 of 13). There was no difference in pancreatic content of IRI and hIAPP among the three groups of mice. Thus, despite the presence of impaired islet function and hyperglycemia, hIAPPxGKKO mice had a decreased incidence and quantity of islet amyloid. Therefore, our data suggest that impaired -cell glucose metabolism or hyperglycemia are not Likely to contribute to islet amyloid formation in diabetes. Furthermore, this finding may explain the lack of progression of glycemia in patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Internal Med, Tokyo, Japan. RP Kahn, SE (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 151,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-50703, DK-17047, DK-35816] NR 33 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD DEC PY 2000 VL 49 IS 12 BP 2056 EP 2062 DI 10.2337/diabetes.49.12.2056 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 378FC UT WOS:000165573500012 PM 11118007 ER PT J AU Jenkins, AJ Velarde, V Klein, RL Joyce, KC Phillips, KD Mayfield, RK Lyons, TJ Jaffa, AA AF Jenkins, AJ Velarde, V Klein, RL Joyce, KC Phillips, KD Mayfield, RK Lyons, TJ Jaffa, AA TI Native and modified LDL activate extracellular signal-regulated kinases in mesangial cells SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; PROTEIN-KINASE; DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; KIDNEY-DISEASES; END-PRODUCTS; OXIDIZED LDL; C ACTIVATION; OXIDATION; GLYCATION AB Glycation and/or oddation of LDL may promote diabetic nephropathy. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, which includes extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERKs), modulates cell function. Therefore, we examined the effects of LDL on ERR phosphorylation in cultured rat mesangial cells. In cells exposed to 100 mug/ml native LDL or LDL modified by glycation, and/or mild or marked (copper-mediated) oxidation, ERK activation peaked at 5 min. Five minutes of exposure to 10-100 mug/ml native or modified LDL produced a concentration-dependent (up to sevenfold) increase in ERK activity. Also, 10 mug/ml native LDL and mildly modified LDL (glycated and/or mildly oxidized) produced significantly greater ERR activation than that induced by copper-oxidized LDL +/- glycation (P < 0.05). Pretreatment of cells with Src kinase and MAPK kinase inhibitors blocked ERK activation by 50-80% (P < 0.05). Native and mildly modified LDL, which are recognized by the native LDL receptor, induced a transient spike of intracellular calcium. Copper-oxidized (+/- glycation) LDL, recognized by the scavenger receptor, induced a sustained rise in intracellular calcium. The intracellular calcium chelator (EGTA/AM) further increased ERK activation by native and mildly modified LDL (P < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that native and modified LDL activate ERKs 1 and 2, an early mitogenic signal, in mesangial cells and provide evidence for a potential link between modified LDL and the development of glomerular injury in diabetes. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol Diabet Med Genet, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol Diabet Med Genet, Dept Pharmacol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Charleston, SC USA. RP Jaffa, AA (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol Diabet Med Genet, Dept Med, 114 Doughty St,POB 250776, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-55782]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-46543]; PHS HHS [R2910697] NR 59 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD DEC PY 2000 VL 49 IS 12 BP 2160 EP 2169 DI 10.2337/diabetes.49.12.2160 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 378FC UT WOS:000165573500026 PM 11118021 ER PT J AU Abreu, MT Palladino, AA Arnold, ET Kwon, RS McRoberts, JA AF Abreu, MT Palladino, AA Arnold, ET Kwon, RS McRoberts, JA TI Modulation of barrier function during fas-mediated apoptosis in human intestinal epithelial cells SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CD95 (APO-1/FAS)-MEDIATED APOPTOSIS; TRANSFORMED MODEL EPITHELIUM; INFLAMMATORY BOWEL-DISEASE; VERSUS-HOST DISEASE; CROHNS-DISEASE; TNF-ALPHA; IFN-GAMMA; PERMEABILITY; DEATH AB Background & Aims: Intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis occurs continually without apparent permeability defects and is increased in response to intestinal inflammation. We hypothesized that increased, immune-mediated apoptosis during inflammation might result in barrier dysfunction of the epithelium. Methods: T84 cells were cultured as a polarized monolayer and exposed to agonist antibody to Fas. Barrier function was assessed by transepithelial resistance and permeability measurements. Immunofluorescent staining was used to examine junctional protein expression. Results: Fas expression is predominantly basolateral in polarized T84 monolayers. Basolateral cross-linking of the Fas receptor resulted in T84 cell apoptosis and a loss of 50% of the cells within 24 hours. Apoptosis was coincident with a decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance and increased flux of small but not large molecules. Preservation of barrier function was associated with dramatic rearrangement of tight junctions and desmosomal junctions in apoptotic monolayers. E-cadherin-mediated cell contact was maintained between intact cells in the monolayer, thus sealing gaps created by apoptotic cells. Apoptosis and barrier dysfunction could be prevented by caspase inhibition. Conclusions: Immune-mediated apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells may contribute to the permeability defects associated with inflammatory conditions of the bower, but the intestinal epithelium is remarkably resilient in the face of apoptosis. C1 Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Ctr Inflammatory Bowel Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Burns & Allen Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Abreu, MT (reprint author), Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Ctr Inflammatory Bowel Dis, 8631 West 3rd St,Suite 245E, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [K08 DK02635-02, DK41301] NR 52 TC 106 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD DEC PY 2000 VL 119 IS 6 BP 1524 EP 1536 DI 10.1053/gast.2000.20232 PG 13 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 382QM UT WOS:000165833800016 PM 11113074 ER PT J AU Maillot, C Million, M Wei, JY Gauthier, A Tache, Y AF Maillot, C Million, M Wei, JY Gauthier, A Tache, Y TI Peripheral corticotropin-releasing factor and stress-stimulated colonic motor activity involve type 1 receptor in rats SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; FACTOR CRF ANTAGONIST; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; GUINEA-PIG; PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; SMALL-INTESTINE; FASTED RATS; HORMONE; UROCORTIN AB Background & Aims: Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) exerts its action through CRF receptors 1 and 2 (CRF-R1 and CRF-R2). CRF has preferential affinity for CRF-R1, whereas urocortin displays high affinity for both. We investigated changes in colonic motor function after intraperitoneal (IP) injection of CRF-related peptides. Methods: Colonic motility was recorded in vivo in conscious vats equipped with electrodes chronically implanted in the cecum and proximal colon or in vitro in distal colon; fecal output was monitored in naive rats. Results: Rat CRF, rat urocortin, and amphibian sauvagine (10 mug/kg, IP) induced a new pattern of cecocolonic myoelectric activity characterized by clustered spike bursts of long duration; the percentage of occurrence was highest after CRF. The rank order of potency tb increase fecal pellet output after IP peptide injection (0.3-10 mug/kg, IF) was CRF > urocortin = sauvagine. The CRF-R1/R2 antagonist astressin (33 mug/kg, IF) and the CRF-R1 antagonist CP-154,526 (20 mg/kg, subcutaneously) inhibited IP CRF-induced changes in cecocolonic myoelectric activity and IP CRF and water avoidance stress-induced fecal output. In vitro, CRF injected into the inferior mesenteric artery increased distal colonic myoelectric activity compared with saline injection. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that CRF acts peripherally to stimulate colonic motility and that CRF-RI is primarily involved in mediating IP CRF/urocortin- and water avoidance stress-induced colonic motor response. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr,Dept Med,Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Maillot, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr,Dept Med,Sch Med, Bldg 115,Room 124,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41301, DK-57238, DK-33061] NR 46 TC 140 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD DEC PY 2000 VL 119 IS 6 BP 1569 EP 1579 DI 10.1053/gast.2000.20251 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 382QM UT WOS:000165833800020 PM 11113078 ER PT J AU Messenger, JC Chen, SYJ Carroll, JD Burchenal, JEB Kioussopoulos, K Groves, BM AF Messenger, JC Chen, SYJ Carroll, JD Burchenal, JEB Kioussopoulos, K Groves, BM TI 3D coronary reconstruction from routine single-plane coronary angiograms: Clinical validation and quantitative analysis of the right coronary artery in 100 patients SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIAC IMAGING LA English DT Article DE coronary angiography; coronary arteries; image processing (computer-assisted); three-dimensional reconstruction ID 3-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION; BIPLANE ANGIOGRAMS; 3-D RECONSTRUCTION; IMAGING GEOMETRY; VASCULAR TREE; VIEWS; DISEASE; STENTS AB Background: Current coronary angiographic techniques display complex three-dimensional (3D) coronary structures in two dimensions (2D). We have developed a 3D reconstruction (3DR) algorithm using standard single-plane angiographic images that allows for 3D display of coronary structures. The purpose of this study was to validate our 3DR algorithm and quantify anatomic characteristics of the right coronary artery (RCA) in vivo. Methods: Accuracy and reproducibility studies were performed using 3DRs of a coronary phantom and in vivo following 3DRs in 40 patients. The anatomic features of the RCA were then quantified in 100 patients. Results: Comparison of length and bifurcation angles (BA) from the phantom to the 3DRs revealed good accuracy and correlation for both (r = 0.95 and 0.93 respectively), with diameter error of <7%. In vivo, the average root mean square (RMS) error in the spatial coordinates of the vessel centerlines was 3.12 +/- 0.77 and 3.16 +/- 0.75 mm in 20 left coronary arteries (LCA) and 20 RCAs respectively. Interobserver average RMS error was 3.47 +/- 1.96 mm and intraobserver average RMS error was 3.02 +/- 1.07 and 3.44 +/- 1.57 mm for two different operators (p = NS). The average RCA length was 10.2 +/- 1.7 cm, average radius of curvature (ROC) was 52 +/- 9 degrees, and the average 3D bifurcation angle of the posterior descending artery (PDA) from the RCA was 55 +/- 22 degrees. Foreshortening (FS) of the segments of the RCA in three 'standard' projections ranged from 0-60, 0-75, and 0-82% respectively. Conclusions: Using our 3DR algorithm patient-specific anatomic characteristics can be accurately displayed and quantified, expanding the information that can be derived from routine coronary angiography. C1 Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol,Adult Cardiac Catheterizat Lab, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Carroll, JD (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol,Adult Cardiac Catheterizat Lab, 4200 E 9th Ave,Box B-132, Denver, CO 80262 USA. EM john.carroll@uhcolorado.edu NR 31 TC 53 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9899 J9 INT J CARDIAC IMAG JI Int. J. Card. Imaging PD DEC PY 2000 VL 16 IS 6 BP 413 EP 427 DI 10.1023/A:1010643426720 PG 15 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 443GR UT WOS:000169333800001 PM 11482706 ER PT J AU Steinhauer, SR Condray, R Kasparek, A AF Steinhauer, SR Condray, R Kasparek, A TI Cognitive modulation of midbrain function: task-induced reduction of the pupillary light reflex SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th World Congress of Psychophysiology CY FEB 08-13, 2000 CL SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA SP Int org Psychophysiol DE pupil light reaction; cognitive activation; resource allocation; inhibition; task difficulty; autonomic nervous system AB The activation of processing resources has widespread effects in the nervous system. A model of pupillary control systems (Steinhauer S.R., Hakerem G., 1992. The pupillary response in cognitive psychophysiology and schizophrenia. Arm. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 658, 182-204) had predicted that ongoing cognitive activation should result in inhibition of the light reaction at the level of the oculomotor nucleus, n. III, in the midbrain. In this study, modification of parameters of the pupillary reaction to light were examined during varying task demands. The averaged light reaction was recorded from 33 male and female healthy volunteers during the performance of a serial 7 subtraction task and compared to a 'no task' condition. For 13 subjects, an additional verbalization task with little processing demand (add 1) also was presented. Two types of effects were observed. Firstly, the tonic pupil diameter increased from the no task to the easy (add 1) task, and increased further in the more demanding condition (subtract 7). Secondly, the extent of the phasic light reaction was significantly reduced and the latency at the end of the contraction was significantly decreased in the 'subtract 7' condition compared to both the no task and easy conditions (which did not differ from each other). The locus of interference with the light reaction was the Edinger-Westphal complex of the oculomotor nucleus, which is the motor center for the pupillary sphincter muscles. Descending cortical influences inhibited the activity of the Edinger-Westphal complex. Thus, increasing activation had a tonic inhibitory effect on this center, while higher levels of processing complexity produced a separate component of inhibition that interacted with dynamic activation at this midbrain site. It was suggested that the variation in the light reaction is quantitatively responsive to varying processing loads, and may be utilized as a sensitive metric for a wide variety of cognitive operations. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Biomet Res Program, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP Steinhauer, SR (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Biomet Res Program, 151R,7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH55762] NR 22 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8760 J9 INT J PSYCHOPHYSIOL JI Int. J. Psychophysiol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 39 IS 1 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/S0167-8760(00)00119-7 PG 10 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 392QA UT WOS:000166421500005 PM 11120344 ER PT J AU Yang, L Chansky, HA Hickstein, DD AF Yang, L Chansky, HA Hickstein, DD TI EWS center dot Fli-1 fusion protein interacts with hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II and interferes with serine-arginine protein-mediated RNA splicing SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PRE-MESSENGER-RNA; EWINGS-SARCOMA TRANSLOCATION; ROUND-CELL TUMOR; BINDING PROTEIN; DNA-BINDING; CHROMOSOME-TRANSLOCATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; EWS GENE; MYXOID LIPOSARCOMA; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA AB Ewing's sarcoma displays a characteristic chromosomal translocation that results in fusion of the N-terminal domain of the Ewing's sarcoma protein (EWS) to the C-terminal DNA-binding domain of the ETS family transcription factor Fli-1 (Friend leukemia integration-1). EWS possesses structural motifs suggesting a role in transactivation as well as RNA binding. We demonstrate that wild-type EWS protein functions as an adapter molecule coupling transcription to RNA splicing by binding to hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II through the N-terminal domain of EWS and recruiting serine-arginine (SR) splicing factors through the C-terminal domain of EWS. The oncogenic EWS Fli-1 fusion protein retains the ability to bind to hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II but lacks the ability to recruit SR proteins because of replacement of the C-terminal domain of EWS by Fli-1. In an in vivo splicing assay, the EWS.Fli-1 fusion protein inhibits SR protein-mediated E1A pre-mRNA splicing in a dominant-negative manner. These results indicate that EWS Fli-1 interferes with the normal function of EWS and implicate uncoupling of gene transcription from RNA splicing in the pathogenesis of Ewing's sarcoma. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med Oncol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Orthoped, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Res Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Hickstein, DD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med Oncol, Box 358280,1660 S Columbian Way,GMR 151, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 43 TC 97 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD DEC 1 PY 2000 VL 275 IS 48 BP 37612 EP 37618 DI 10.1074/jbc.M005739200 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 379AL UT WOS:000165618700043 PM 10982800 ER PT J AU Whyte, MP Mills, BG Reinus, WR Podgornik, MN Roodman, GD Gannon, FH Eddy, MC McAlister, WH AF Whyte, MP Mills, BG Reinus, WR Podgornik, MN Roodman, GD Gannon, FH Eddy, MC McAlister, WH TI Expansile skeletal hyperphosphatasia: A new familial metabolic bone disease SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 1999 CL ST LOUIS, MISSOURI SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res DE alkaline phosphatase; hypercalcemia; deafness; Paget's bone disease ID PAGET-DISEASE; DIAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA; HEARING-LOSS; OSTEOLYSIS; TRANSCRIPTS AB We describe a new familial metabolic bone disease characterized by expanding hyperostotic long bones, early onset deafness, premature tooth loss, and episodic hypercalcemia, The condition affects a mother and daughter studied at the age of 36 years and 11 years, respectively. Both individuals lost all hearing in early childhood and suffered premature shedding of teeth. Skeletal pains began just before puberty. Swelling and aching of most middle phalanges in the hands is an especially troublesome manifestation. The mother also had episodes of symptomatic hypercalcemia first documented in late childhood and subsequently during intercurrent illness and postpartum lactation. Radiographs show hyperostosis and/or osteosclerosis predominantly in the skull and appendicular skeleton, Long bones also are expanded considerably, especially the middle phalanges in the fingers. The mother's skeletal abnormalities are more severe. Biochemical parameters of bone turnover, including serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, are elevated substantially. In the proposita, dynamic histomorphometry of nondecalcified sections of iliac crest revealed rapid skeletal remodeling, In the mother, who had been treated with bisphosphonates, electron microscopy (EM) showed disorganized collagen bundles as well as necrotic and apoptotic bone cells but no osteocytic osteolysis. Measles virus gene transcripts were not detected in peripheral blood monocytes, Karyotyping was normal, 46,XX. Hyperphosphatasia with bone disease previously has been reported as either a sporadic or autosomal recessive condition. Expansile skeletal hyperphosphatasia (ESH) is probably inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with a high degree of penetrance. C1 Shriners Hosp Children, Metab Res Unit, St Louis, MO 63131 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Barnes Jewish Hosp, Div Bone & Mineral Dis, St Louis, MO USA. JV Luck Res Ctr Orthoped Hosp, Los Angeles, CA USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Barnes Jewish Hosp, Mallinckrodt Inst Radiol, St Louis, MO USA. Audie Murphy Vet Adm Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Orthoped Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis Childrens Hosp, Mallinckrodt Inst Radiol, St Louis, MO USA. RP Whyte, MP (reprint author), Shriners Hosp Children, Metab Res Unit, 2001 S Lindbergh Blvd, St Louis, MO 63131 USA. NR 40 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 15 IS 12 BP 2330 EP 2344 DI 10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.12.2330 PG 15 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 376NH UT WOS:000165463300006 PM 11127198 ER PT J AU London, MJ Grunwald, GK Shroyer, ALW Grover, FL AF London, MJ Grunwald, GK Shroyer, ALW Grover, FL TI Association of fast-track cardiac management and low-dose to moderate-dose glucocorticoid administration with perioperative hyperglycemia SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Cardiovascular-Anesthesiologists CY MAY 10-14, 1997 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Soc Cardiovasc Anesthesiologists DE adult-onset diabetes mellitus; corticosteroids; hyperglycemia; methylprednisolone; clinical protocols; postoperative complications ID CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; METABOLIC RESPONSE; EARLY EXTUBATION; HEART-SURGERY; RISK-FACTORS; GLUCOSE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; ANESTHESIA; FENTANYL; PATIENT AB Objective: To delineate associations between preoperative risk factors and clinical processes of care and perioperative glucose tolerance in patients managed on a fast-track cardiac surgery clinical pathway with prebypass methylprednisolone administration. Design: Retrospective sequential cohort study, Setting: University-affiliate Department of Veterans Affairs medical center. Participants: Fast-track patients (n = 293; n = 72 low-dose methylprednisolone [100-125 mg]; n = 221 moderate-dose methylprednisolone [500 mg]) plus pre-fast-track patients (n = 258; no methylprednisolone) undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Multivariate linear regression was used to model the association of 17 preoperative risk and intraoperative process-of-care variables with serum glucose concentration on arrival in the intensive care unit. Preoperative serum glucose concentrations were not significantly different among the pre-fast-track, fast-track with low-dose methylprednisolone, and fast-track with moderate-dose methylprednisolone cohorts (129 +/- 54, 137 +/- 55, 127 +/- 46 mg/dL [mean +/- SD]). Postoperative serum glucose concentrations were significantly different (171 +/- 58, 223 +/- 56, 250 +/- 75 mg/dL; p < 0.03, for all pairwise comparisons). Using backward elimination from the full 17-variable multivariate model (R-square = 0.63), 4 variables remained significant (all p < 0.0001; R-square = 0.60): (1) Preoperative diabetes status (adjusted mean postoperative glucose level, mg/dL; (95% confidence interval (CI)1): no treatment, 193 (188-199); oral agent, 276 (262-291); insulin requiring, 301 (283-320); (2) steroid group: pre-fast-track, 201 (195-209), fast-track with low-dose methylprednisolone, 271 (256-287); fast-track with moderate-dose methylprednisolone, 295 (284-306); (3) volume of glucose-containing cardioplegia (beta coefficient, 95% CI): 2.22% (1.37-3.10) increase per 100 mt; and (4) intraoperative epinephrine infusion: none, 231 (224-239); yes, 276 (264-288). No significant interactions were identified. No significant effect of opioid dose was observed. Conclusion:At this institution, implementation of the fast-track pathway was associated with a deterioration of glucose tolerance. Preoperative diabetes, pre-cardiopulmonary bypass administration of steroids, volume of glucose-containing cardioplegia solution administered, and use of epinephrine infusions were significantly associated multivariate factors. Copyright (C) 2000 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesia & Perioperat Med, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP London, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesia & Perioperat Med, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1053-0770 J9 J CARDIOTHOR VASC AN JI J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 BP 631 EP 638 DI 10.1053/jcan.2000.18298 PG 8 WC Anesthesiology; Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Anesthesiology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System GA 381NT UT WOS:000165770000002 PM 11139100 ER PT J AU Gramling-Babb, PM Zile, MR Reeves, ST AF Gramling-Babb, PM Zile, MR Reeves, ST TI Preliminary report on high thoracic epidural analgesia: Relationship between its therapeutic effects and myocardial blood flow as assessed by stress thallium distribution SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA LA English DT Article DE high thoracic epidural analgesia; angina; treatment ID UNSTABLE ANGINA-PECTORIS; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; ANESTHESIA AB Objectives: To extend the duration of high thoracic epidural analgesia (HTEA) treatment compared with the authors' previous studies, to test the hypothesis that the mechanism by which HTEA reduces angina during longterm treatment includes an improvement in myocardial blood flow distribution and a reduction in stress-induced ischemia, and to show that new myocardial infarctions are not masked or missed in patients receiving HTEA. Design: Prospective consecutive study. Setting: Department of Veteran's Affairs medical center and university-affiliate hospital, Participants: Six consenting adult patients. Interventions: Patients were evaluated before HTEA catheter insertion and >2 months after HTEA catheter insertion with stress thallium tests. Measurements and Main Results: Two of 6 patients had improvement but not resolution of stress-induced ischemia at 8 and 12 months. The remaining 4 patients had no change in stress-induced ischemia. None of the 6 patients had any new areas of ischemia or infarction as determined by stress thallium tests. Conclusions: The authors previously showed that HTEA is safe and effective in relieving refractory angina pectoris. The current study shows that this therapeutic effect persists and does not appear to be related to a change in myocardial blood flow; rather the improvement in symptoms probably results, in part, from an anesthetic effect. HTEA does not mask the development of new myocardial infarctions. Copyright (C) 2000 by W.B, Saunders Company. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Anesthesia & Perioperat Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Reeves, ST (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Anesthesia & Perioperat Med, 165 Ashley Ave,Suite 525,POB 250912, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1053-0770 J9 J CARDIOTHOR VASC AN JI J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 14 IS 6 BP 657 EP 661 DI 10.1053/jcan.2000.18312 PG 5 WC Anesthesiology; Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Anesthesiology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System GA 381NT UT WOS:000165770000006 PM 11139104 ER PT J AU Freedman, R Adams, CE Leonard, S AF Freedman, R Adams, CE Leonard, S TI The alpha 7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and the pathology of hippocampal interneurons in schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL NEUROANATOMY LA English DT Article DE post mortem; nicotinic receptor; cholecystokinin; somatostatin; GABA; nitric oxide; human chromosome 15; hippocampus; cerebral cortex; thalamus ID ALPHA-BUNGAROTOXIN BINDING; SOMATOSTATIN-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; CHRNA7 GENE REGION; NICOTINIC RECEPTORS; RAT HIPPOCAMPUS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; MESSENGER-RNA; SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION AB This paper is a review of a recent findings on the pathology of hippocampal interneurons in schizophrenia, with specific emphasis on a protein expressed by these cells, the alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit. Convergent information indicates that interneurons in the hippocampus and other forebrain structures are decreased in number and function in subjects with schizophrenia. Among the neurochemical markers that are decreased in the hippocampus are synapsin I, cholecystokinin, somatostatin, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and nitric oxide synthase. GABA uptake sites and the GABA synthetic enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase are also diminished. Included among these findings is decreased binding of alpha -bungarotoxin, which binds to low-affinity nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, such as the alpha -nicotinic receptor. Co-labeling experiments in rodents indicate that these markers are expressed on overlapping populations of hippocampal interneurons. Thus. the finding of decreased neurochemical function of hippocampal interneurons is a widely replicated finding, with different groups reporting markedly similar findings using independent post mortem samples and different neurochemical strategies. Decreased alpha -bungarotoxin binding or decreased alpha7-nicotinic receptor immunoreactivity has also been found in the frontal cortex and in the nucleus reticularis thalami of schizophrenic subjects. The alpha7-nicotinic receptor subunit gene on chromosome 15q14 is a site of heritability for schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder, and in, particular, for a deficit in inhibitory neuronal function associated with these illnesses. Thus, the post mortem data are further supported by psychophysiologic and genetic investigations that indicate a deficit in inhibitory interneuronal function, involving the alpha7-nicotinic receptor. The alpha7-receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel that admits calcium ions into cells, and it has been proposed to have various developmental roles. Its malfunction may be part of the developmental pathogenesis of schizophrenia. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Freedman, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Psychiat, Campus Box C-268-71,Room 3F10,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 79 TC 147 Z9 151 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0891-0618 J9 J CHEM NEUROANAT JI J. Chem. Neuroanat. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 20 IS 3-4 BP 299 EP 306 DI 10.1016/S0891-0618(00)00109-5 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 404TP UT WOS:000167117200010 PM 11207427 ER PT J AU Swerdloff, RS Wang, C Cunningham, G Dobs, A Iranmanesh, A Matsumoto, AM Snyder, PJ Weber, T Longstreth, J Berman, N AF Swerdloff, RS Wang, C Cunningham, G Dobs, A Iranmanesh, A Matsumoto, AM Snyder, PJ Weber, T Longstreth, J Berman, N CA Testosterone Gel Study Grp TI Long-term pharmacokinetics of transdermal testosterone gel in hypogonadal men SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL RESEARCH-CENTER; SYSTEM; DELIVERY; REPLACEMENT; THERAPY; AGE AB Transdermal delivery of testosterone (T) represents an effective alternative to injectable androgens. Transdermal T patches normalize serum T levels and reverse the symptoms of androgen deficiency in hypogonadal men. However, the acceptance of the closed system T patches has been limited by skin irritation and/or lack of adherence. T gels have been proposed as delivery modes that minimize these problems. In this study we examined the pharmacokinetic profiles after 1, 30, 90, and 180 days of daily application of 2 doses of T gel (50 and 100 mg T in 5 and 10 g gel, delivering 5 and 10 mg T/day, respectively) and a permeation-enhanced T patch (2 patches delivering 5 mg T/day) in 227 hypogonadal men. This new 1% hydroalcoholic T gel formulation when applied to the upper arms, shoulders, and abdomen dried within a few minutes, and about 9-14% of the T applied was bioavailable. After 90 days of T gel treatment, the dose was titrated up (50 mg to 75 mg) or down (100 mg to 75 mg) if the preapplication serum T levels were outside the normal adult male range. Serum T rose rapidly into the normal adult male range on day 1 with the first T gel or patch application. Our previous study showed that steady state T levels were achieved 48-72 h after first application of the gel. The pharmacokinetic parameters for serum total and free T were very similar on days 30, 90, and 180 in all treatment groups. After repeated daily application of the T formulations for 180 days, the average serum T level over the 24-h sampling period (C(avg)) was highest in the 100 mg T gel group (1.4- and 1.9-fold higher than the C(avg) in the 50 mg T gel and T patch groups, respectively). Mean serum steady state T levels remained stable over the 180 days of T gel application. Upward dose adjustment from T gel 50 to 75 mg/day did not significantly increase the C(avg), whereas downward dose adjustment from 100 to 75 mg/day reduced serum T levels to the normal range for most patients. Serum free T levels paralleled those of serum total T, and the percent free T was not changed with transdermal T preparations. The serum dihydrotestosterone C(avg) rose 1.3-fold above baseline after T patch application, but was more significantly increased by 3.6- and 4.6-fold with T gel 50 and 100 mg/day, respectively, resulting in a small, but significant, increase in the serum dihydrotestosterone/T ratios in the two T gel groups. Serum estradiol rose, and serum LH and FSH levels were suppressed proportionately with serum T in an study groups; serum sex hormone-binding globulin showed small decreases that were significant only in the 100 mg T gel group. We conclude that transdermal T gel application can efficiently and rapidly increase serum T and free T levels in hypogonadal men to within the normal range. Transdermal T gel provided flexibility in dosing with little skin irritation and a low discontinuation rate. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Endocrinol, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Res & Educ Inst, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Salem, VA 24153 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. Unimed Pharmaceut Inc, Deerfield, IL 60015 USA. RP Wang, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Gen Clin Res Ctr, 1000 W Carson St, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. EM wang@gcrc.humc.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01RR0030, M01RR00425] NR 26 TC 210 Z9 216 U1 0 U2 7 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 85 IS 12 BP 4500 EP 4510 DI 10.1210/jc.85.12.4500 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 390CM UT WOS:000166277800013 PM 11134099 ER PT J AU Ackerman, DL Greenland, S Bystritsky, A Small, GW AF Ackerman, DL Greenland, S Bystritsky, A Small, GW TI Side effects and time course of response in a placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine for the treatment of geriatric depression SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; PATTERN-ANALYSIS; DRUG RESPONSE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; RATING-SCALE; TRUE DRUG; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; IMPACT; HETEROGENEITY; BLINDABILITY AB A high rate of improvement among patients who receive placebo in controlled trials of antidepressants can complicate the evaluation of true drug effect, Placebo response may be a reaction to the psychosocial factors of study participation or a function of changes in the natural course of depression. Drug side effects may also influence patients' expectations, and they should be distinguished fi om the somatic symptoms associated with major depression. The authors reanalyzed data from a large, multicenter, placebo-controlled clinical trial of fluoxetine treatment of geriatric depression to evaluate similarities and differences between responders and nonresponders in both treatment groups. Specifically, the authors examined weekly somatic complaints as possible predictors of response and of dropout, as well as the time course and onset of response. Fluoxetine was superior to placebo on all outcome measures. Among somatic complaints associated with fluoxetine response, headache before and after randomization was associated with a good response and anxiety after randomization was associated with a poor response. Somnolence before and after randomization was associated with a good placebo response. Early and persistent improvement occurred among similar proportions of responders in both groups. The difference between fluoxetine and placebo seemed to be a persistent response beginning during the 4th week, Pretreatment somnolence was associated with early, persistent improvement in both groups and may serve as a marker for placebo response. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Aging, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Ackerman, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-53935] NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-0749 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 20 IS 6 BP 658 EP 665 DI 10.1097/00004714-200012000-00012 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 377AU UT WOS:000165490400010 PM 11106138 ER PT J AU Nahas, Z DeBrux, C Chandler, V Lorberbaum, JP Speer, AM Molloy, MA Liberatos, C Risch, SC George, MS AF Nahas, Z DeBrux, C Chandler, V Lorberbaum, JP Speer, AM Molloy, MA Liberatos, C Risch, SC George, MS TI Lack of significant changes on magnetic resonance scans before and after 2 weeks of daily left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression SO JOURNAL OF ECT LA English DT Article DE depression; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; magnetic resonance imaging ID MAJOR DEPRESSION; HEARING-LOSS; CORTEX; BRAIN; RTMS; MOOD; SAFETY AB Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a new technology for exploring brain function. With this method, a small electromagnet is placed on the scalp; by activating and deactivating it, nerve cells in the underlying superficial cortex are depolarized. Several studies have found that prefrontal rTMS has potential efficacy in treating depression, and this technology, in addition to being a research tool, may soon play a role in psychiatric practice. Thus, establishing the safety of this technology is important and has been studied insufficiently. The authors performed T1-weighted three-dimensional volumetric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging on 22 depressed adults (15 active, 7 control) before and after they participated in a 2-week double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of daily left prefrontal rTMS for the treatment of depression (a total of 16,000 stimuli). Seventeen patients also had paired T2-weighted scans. In a blinded manner, MR scans were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed for structural changes. No qualitative structural differences were observed before and after treatment. In addition, volumetric analysis of the prefrontal lobe showed no changes in the 2 weeks of the study. In conclusion, 10 days of daily prefrontal rTMS at these intensities and frequencies does not cause observable structural changes on MR scans in depressed adults. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Inst Psychiat, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NIMH, Biol Psychiat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC USA. RP Nahas, Z (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Inst Psychiat, Dept Psychiat, 67 President St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 41 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1095-0680 J9 J ECT JI J. ECT PD DEC PY 2000 VL 16 IS 4 BP 380 EP 390 DI 10.1097/00124509-200012000-00008 PG 11 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychiatry SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychiatry GA 382HC UT WOS:000165816000008 PM 11314876 ER PT J AU Meredith, LS Jackson-Triche, M Duan, NH Rubenstein, LV Camp, P Wells, KB AF Meredith, LS Jackson-Triche, M Duan, NH Rubenstein, LV Camp, P Wells, KB TI Quality improvement for depression enhances long-term treatment knowledge for primary care clinicians SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE primary care clinicians; depression; quality improvement; treatment knowledge; managed care ID MANAGED PRIMARY-CARE; PHYSICIAN PERFORMANCE; UNITED-STATES; INTERVENTION; GUIDELINES; DISORDERS; IMPACT; MODEL AB OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effect of implementing quality improvement (QI) programs for depression, relative to usual care, on primary care clinicians' knowledge about treatment. DESIGN AND METHODS: Matched primary care clinics (46) from seven managed care organizations were randomized to usual care (mailed written guidelines only) versus one of two QI interventions. Self-report surveys assessed clinicians' knowledge of depression treatments prior to full implementation (June 1996 to March 1997) and 18 months later. We used an intent-to-treat analysis to examine intervention effects on change in knowledge, controlling for clinician and practice characteristics, and the nested design. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred eighty-one primary care clinicians. INTERVENTIONS: The interventions included institutional commitment to QI, training local experts, clinician education, and training nurses for patient assessment and education. One intervention had resources for nurse follow-up on medication use (QI-meds) and the other had reduced copayment for therapy from trained, local therapists (QI-therapy). RESULTS:Clinicians in the intervention group had greater increases compared with clinicians in the usual care group over 18 months in knowledge of psychotherapy (by 20% for QI-meds, P = .04 and by 33% for QI-therapy, P = .004), but there were no significant increases in medication knowledge. Significant increases in knowledge scores (P = .01) were demonstrated by QI-therapy clinicians but not clinicians in the QI-meds group. Clinicians were exposed to multiple intervention components. CONCLUSIONS: Dissemination of QI programs for depression in managed, primary care practices improved clinicians' treatment knowledge over 18 months, but breadth of learning was somewhat greater for a program that also included active collaboration with local therapists. C1 RAND Corp, Hlth Program, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Meredith, LS (reprint author), RAND Corp, Hlth Program, 1700 Main St, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [R01-HS08349, R01 HS008349]; NIMH NIH HHS [R29-MH55223-01] NR 33 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 15 IS 12 BP 868 EP 877 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.91149.x PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 385GG UT WOS:000165994800005 PM 11119183 ER PT J AU Jain, S Chou, CL AF Jain, S Chou, CL TI Use of an orientation clinic to reduce failed new patient appointments in primary care SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 29-MAY 01, 1999 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Gen Internal Med ID ATTENDANCE RATES AB Patients who fail to attend initial appointments reduce clinic efficiency. To maximize attendance by newly referred outpatients, we introduced a mandatory group orientation clinic for all new patients and determined its effects on no-show rates. Orientation clinic also provided health care screening and opportunities for patient feedback. The new patient no-show rate for initial provider visits decreased significantly from 45% before institution of orientation clinic to 18% afterwards (P < .0001). The total no-show (patients who failed to attend orientation clinic or an Initial provider visit) rate of the postintervention group was 51% (P = .28, compared with before the intervention). This intervention improved the efficiency and minimized the wasted time of our clinicians. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Gen Internal Med Sect,Med Serv 111, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Jain, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Gen Internal Med Sect,Med Serv 111, 4150 Clermont St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 15 IS 12 BP 878 EP 880 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.00201.x PG 3 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 385GG UT WOS:000165994800006 PM 11119184 ER PT J AU Saint, S Christakis, DA Saha, S Elmore, JG Welsh, DE Baker, P Koepsell, TD AF Saint, S Christakis, DA Saha, S Elmore, JG Welsh, DE Baker, P Koepsell, TD TI Journal reading habits of internists SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; USERS GUIDES; RESEARCH ARTICLES; HELP ME; ABSTRACTS; QUALITY; INFORMATION; ACCURACY; WILL; NEED AB We assessed the reading habits of internists with and without epidemiological training because such information may help guide medical journals as they make changes in how articles are edited and formatted. In a 1998 national self-administered mailed survey of 143 internists with fellowship training in epidemiology and study design and a random sample of 121 internists from the American Medical Association physician master file. we asked about the number of hours spent reading medical journals per week and the percentage of articles for which only the abstract is read. Respondents also were asked which of nine medical journals they subscribe to and read regularly. Of the 399 eligible participants, 264 returned surveys (response rate 66%). Respondents reported spending 4.4 hours per week reading medical journal articles and reported reading only the abstract for 63% of the articles: these findings were similar for internists with and without epidemiology training. Respondents admitted to a reliance on journal editors to provide rigorous and useful information, given the limited time available for critical reading. We conclude that internists, regardless of training in epidemiology, rely heavily on abstracts and prescreening of articles by editors. C1 Univ Michigan, Div Gen Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Washington, Div Gen Pediat, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Div Gen Internal Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Portland, OR USA. Ann Arbor Va Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Seattle VA Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Saint, S (reprint author), 300 N Ingalls Bldg,Room 7E08,Campus Box 0429, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 21 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 15 IS 12 BP 881 EP 884 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.00202.x PG 4 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 385GG UT WOS:000165994800007 PM 11119185 ER PT J AU Lu, L Dai, MS Ge, Y Wang, LS Braun, SE Wait, CL Griffith, DJ Heinrich, MC Broxmeyer, HE AF Lu, L Dai, MS Ge, Y Wang, LS Braun, SE Wait, CL Griffith, DJ Heinrich, MC Broxmeyer, HE TI Co-transduction of cDNAs for c-kit and steel factor into single CD34(+) cord blood cells further enhances the growth of erythroid and multipotential progenitors SO JOURNAL OF HEMATOTHERAPY & STEM CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MEDIATED GENE TRANSDUCTION; RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE; HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN RECEPTOR; COLONY FORMATION; TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; LIGAND LACKING; STROMAL CELLS; SI-LOCUS; V-KIT AB Previous studies have demonstrated that the c-kit encoded tyrosine kinase receptor and its ligand, steel factor (SLF), are critical for normal blood cell development. We have reported that transduction of the c-kif gene into single hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC), CD34(+++) cells, from cord blood (CB) enhances erythroid colony formation via a SLF-dependent mechanism. We therefore decided to evaluate the impact on cell proliferation of co-transducing c-kif and SLF cDNAs into these cells. CD34(+++) cells were sorted as a population or as 1 cell/well for cells expressing the highest levels of CD34 and different levels of c-kit. Cells were then prestimulated with granulocyte macrophage (GM)-colony stimulating factor (CSF), interleukin (IL)-3, IL-6, erythropoietin (Epo) in the presence and absence of various concentrations of SLF. Cells were then transduced with SLF and/or c-kit cDNAs, and then assayed for colony formation with the same cytokine combination. At a single cell level, co-transduction with c-kif and SLF genes significantly enhanced colony formation compared with individual gene transduction, especially by erythroid and multipotential progenitors that responded to stimulation by added cytokines. Little or no growth was seen with the c-kit- and/or SLF-transduced cells without addition of cytokines. The degree of enhancement effected by co-transduction inversely correlated with the degree of expression of c-kit protein before transduction. Optimal enhancing effects were noted in CD34(+++) kit(Lo/-) cells co-transduced with both c-kit and SLF cDNAs. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain (RT-PCR) analysis of SLF mRNA expression in CD34(+++) cells and enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) measurement of secreted SLF protein demonstrated that the transduced SLF cDNA was expressed and soluble SLF was released in medium cultured with SLP gene transduced MACS-separated CD34(+) cells in the presence, but not in the absence, of IL-3, GM-CSF, IL-6, and Epo. These results demonstrate the enhancement of the proliferation of growth factor responsive HPC that express transduced c-kit and SLF genes. C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Walther Oncol Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Hematol Oncol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Walther Canc Inst, Indianapolis, IN USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Hematol & Med Oncol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Lu, L (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Walther Oncol Ctr, 1044 W Walnut St,Room 302, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL 56416]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK 53674] NR 36 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1525-8165 J9 J HEMATOTH STEM CELL JI J. Hematother. Stem Cell Res. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 9 IS 6 BP 813 EP 825 DI 10.1089/152581600750062246 PG 13 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Transplantation SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Transplantation GA 399DX UT WOS:000166797000004 PM 11177593 ER PT J AU Breininger, JF Baskin, DG AF Breininger, JF Baskin, DG TI Fluorescence in situ hybridization of scarce leptin receptor mRNA using the enzyme-labeled fluorescent substrate method and tyramide signal amplification SO JOURNAL OF HISTOCHEMISTRY & CYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE leptin; NPY; POMC; brain; arcuate nucleus; obesity ID ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; LONG-FORM; RAT HYPOTHALAMUS; ARCUATE NUCLEUS; BRAIN; LOCALIZATION; NEURONS; CELLS; DNA AB To increase the sensitivity of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for detection of low-abundance mRNAs, we performed FISH on cryostat sections of rat hypothalamus with biotin-labeled riboprobes to leptin receptor (ObRb) and amplified the signal by combining tyramide signal amplification (TSA) and Enzyme-Labeled Fluorescent alkaline phosphatase substrate (ELF) methods. First, TSA amplification was done with biotinylated tyramide. Second, streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase was followed by the ELF substrate, producing a bright green fluorescent reaction product. FISH signal for ObRb was undetectable when TSA or ELF methods were used alone, but intense ELF FISH signal was visible in hypothalamic neurons when the ELF protocol was preceded by TSA. The TSA-ELF was combined with FISH for pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNAs by hybridizing brain sections in a cocktail containing digoxigenin-labeled riboprobes to NPY or POMC mRNA and biotin-labeled riboprobes to ObRb mRNA. Dioxigenin-labeled NPY or POMC mRNA hybrids were subsequently detected first with IgG-Cy3. Then biotin-labeled leptin receptor hybrids were detected with the TSA-ELF method. Combining the ELF and TSA amplification techniques enabled FISH detection of scarce leptin receptor mRNAs and permitted the identification of leptin receptor mRNA in cells that also express NPY and POMC gene products. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol Metab, Med Res Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Biol Struct, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Baskin, DG (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol Metab, Med Res Serv, Mail Stop 151,1660 So Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK17047] NR 33 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 9 PU HISTOCHEMICAL SOC INC PI SEATTLE PA UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT BIOSTRUCTURE, BOX 357420, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA SN 0022-1554 J9 J HISTOCHEM CYTOCHEM JI J. Histochem. Cytochem. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1593 EP 1599 PG 7 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 384BV UT WOS:000165919900002 PM 11101627 ER PT J AU Fu, YC Luo, NL Lopes-Virella, MF AF Fu, YC Luo, NL Lopes-Virella, MF TI Oxidized LDL induces the expression of ALBP/aP2 mRNA and protein in human THP-1 macrophages SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE oxidized low density lipoprotein; signaling pathways; atherosclerosis ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; FATTY-ACID-BINDING; NF-KAPPA-B; ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-GAMMA; PPAR-GAMMA; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; SCAVENGER-RECEPTOR; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; HUMAN MONOCYTES AB The adipocyte lipid-binding protein (ALBP/aP2) belongs to a multigene family of fatty acid and retinoid transport proteins. This protein is abundantly expressed in the cytoplasm and nuclear region of adipocytes and is postulated to serve as a lipid shuttle, solubilizing hydrophobic fatty acids and delivering them to the appropriate metabolic system for utilization. This report demonstrates that human cholesterol-loaded THP-1 macrophages express ALBP/aP2 and that its expression can be stimulated by oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL). The increase in mRNA expression was paralleled by a similar increase in ALBP/aP2 protein. The increase in ALBP/aP2 mRNA and protein in oxLDL-stimulated THP-1 macrophages is concentration and time dependent and is inhibited by treatment of the cells with an antioxidant inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), and with protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors bisindolylmaleimide I and Ro-31-8220. These results suggest that activation of both NF-kappaB and PKC signaling pathways is necessary for oxLDL- induced ALBP/aP2 gene expression in THP-1 macrophages and that the upregulation of the fatty acid carrier may be a necessary event in foam cell formation. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Fu, YC (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. NR 49 TC 85 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 41 IS 12 BP 2017 EP 2023 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 385UG UT WOS:000166021700013 PM 11108735 ER PT J AU McGuire, M Bakst, K Fairbanks, L McGuire, M Sachinvala, N von Scotti, H Brown, N AF McGuire, M Bakst, K Fairbanks, L McGuire, M Sachinvala, N von Scotti, H Brown, N TI Cognitive, mood, and functional evaluations using touchscreen technology SO JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER; RELIABILITY AB We describe the design and development of the Cognitive Evaluation Protocol(R) (CEP), a computer software program for evaluating cognitive and functional capacities and mood. The program is self-administered by subjects using touchscreen monitors for input. Stimuli in CEP subtests are randomized to reduce the effects of learning on repeated assessments. Findings demonstrate that a) minimum instruction is required for touchscreen use, even for computer-naive subjects; c) both normative subjects and psychiatric patients respond positively to self-administered evaluations; and c) CEP can be used for within-subject repeated evaluations with minimal distortion of results due to practice effects. The CEP Report Generator(R) provides immediate printed performance results and creates a database for long-term digital storage and information use. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Sheppard Pratt Hlth Syst, Baltimore, MD 21285 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Evaluat Technol Inc, Sherman Oaks, CA 91423 USA. RP McGuire, M (reprint author), POB 1646, Cottonwood, CA 96022 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-3018 J9 J NERV MENT DIS JI J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 188 IS 12 BP 813 EP 817 DI 10.1097/00005053-200012000-00004 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 387HL UT WOS:000166117100004 PM 11191581 ER PT J AU Gilg, AG Singh, AK Singh, I AF Gilg, AG Singh, AK Singh, I TI Inducible nitric oxide synthase in the central nervous system of patients with X-Adrenoleukodystrophy SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE astrocytes; inducible nitric oxide synthase; macrophage/microglia; very long chain fatty acids; X-adrenoleukodystrophy ID EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; LINKED ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY; GLIAL-CELLS; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; SJL MICE; GENE; PEROXYNITRITE; PEROXISOMES; INHIBITION AB X-Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is an inherited peroxisomal disorder of deficient catabolism of very long-chain (VLC) fatty acids with resulting neuroinflammatory demyelinating disease. Our recent documentation of nitric oxide (NO)mediated increase in VLC fatty acid levels in glial cells and demonstration of greater increase of VLC fatty acids levels in the inflammatory region (plaque) of X-ALD brain as compared to the normal-looking region away from the plaque prompted us to investigate the possible involvement of NO in the pathophysiology of X-ALD. Herein we provide evidence of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the CNS of X-ALD patients. In situ hybridization demonstrated that iNOS mRNA was present in brain tissues from X-ALD patients but not in normal controls. Double-labeling immunofluorescence studies using cell-specific markers confirmed that iNOS-expressing cells in the CNS of X-ALD were astrocytes and microglia/macrophages. Finally, antibodies against nitrotyrosine strongly immunoreacted with tissues from the center of the plaque region of X-ALD brains suggesting the presence of the NO reaction product nitrotyrosine in the CNS of X-ALD. Taken together, these results demonstrate that iNOS is expressed in the brains of patients with X-ALD and may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Charleston, SC USA. RP Singh, I (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-22576, NS-34741, NS-37766] NR 39 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN NEUROPATHOLOGISTS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3069 J9 J NEUROPATH EXP NEUR JI J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 59 IS 12 BP 1063 EP 1069 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA 383XR UT WOS:000165910400005 PM 11138926 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Chow, T Ringman, J Twitchell, G Hinkin, CH AF Mendez, MF Chow, T Ringman, J Twitchell, G Hinkin, CH TI Pedophilia and temporal lobe disturbances SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID COMMON PATHOLOGICAL FEATURE; HIPPOCAMPAL SCLEROSIS; CLINICAL-DIAGNOSIS; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; DEMENTIA; HYPERSEXUALITY; NEUROPATHOLOGY; LESIONS; DISEASE; HUMANS AB Paraphilias may occur with brain disease, but the nature of this relationship is unclear. The authors report 2 patients with late-life homosexual pedophilia. The first met criteria for frontotemporal dementia; the second had bilateral hippocampal sclerosis, Both weve professional men with recent increases in sexual behavior. In both, 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography revealed prominent right temporal lobe hypometabolism. These eases and the literature suggest that bilateral anterior temporal disease affecting right mure than left temporal lobe can increase sexual interest. A predisposition to pedophilia may be unmasked by hypersexuality from brain disease. These observations have potential implications for all neurologically based paraphilias. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Neurobehav Unit 116AF, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Neurobehav Unit 116AF, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 37 TC 91 Z9 94 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD WIN PY 2000 VL 12 IS 1 BP 71 EP 76 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 280JY UT WOS:000085100700012 PM 10678516 ER PT J AU Krakauer, JW Pine, ZM Ghilardi, MF Ghez, C AF Krakauer, JW Pine, ZM Ghilardi, MF Ghez, C TI Learning of visuomotor transformations for vectorial planning of reaching trajectories SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE vectorial planning; motor learning; visuomotor transformations; reaching movements; psychophysics; generalization ID ARM MOVEMENTS; MOTOR; DIRECTION; ERRORS; ADAPTATION; VARIABILITY; ACCURACY; BIASES; SPACE AB The planning of visually guided reaches is accomplished by independent specification of extent and direction. We investigated whether this separation of extent and direction planning for well practiced movements could be explained by differences in the adaptation to extent and directional errors during motor learning. We compared the time course and generalization of adaptation with two types of screen cursor transformation that altered the relationship between hand space and screen space. The first was a gain change that induced extent errors and required subjects to learn a new scaling factor. The second was a screen cursor rotation that induced directional errors and required subjects to learn new reference axes. Subjects learned a new scaling factor at the same rate when training with one or multiple target distances, whereas learning new reference axes took longer and was less complete when training with multiple compared with one target direction. After training to a single target, subjects were able to transfer learning of a new scaling factor to previously unvisited distances and directions. In contrast, generalization of rotation adaptation was incomplete; there was transfer across distances and arm configurations but not across directions. Learning a rotated reference frame only occurred after multiple target directions were sampled during training. These results suggest the separate processing of extent and directional errors by the brain and support the idea that reaching movements are planned as a hand-centered vector whose extent and direction are established via learning a scaling factor and reference axes. C1 Columbia Univ, New York State Psychiat Inst, Ctr Neurobiol & Behav, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY 10032 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Aging, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Adm Med Ctr, Div Geriatr, San Francisco, CA USA. CNR, INB, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Ghez, C (reprint author), Columbia Univ, New York State Psychiat Inst, Ctr Neurobiol & Behav, Coll Phys & Surg, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY 10032 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 22713, NS 01961, NS 02138] NR 37 TC 405 Z9 406 U1 0 U2 16 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD DEC 1 PY 2000 VL 20 IS 23 BP 8916 EP 8924 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 378PD UT WOS:000165592000049 PM 11102502 ER PT J AU St Croix, CM Morgan, BJ Wetter, TJ Dempsey, JA AF St Croix, CM Morgan, BJ Wetter, TJ Dempsey, JA TI Fatiguing inspiratory muscle work causes reflex sympathetic activation in humans SO JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON LA English DT Article ID LEG BLOOD-FLOW; NERVE ACTIVITY; RESPIRATORY MODULATION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GROUP-III; EXERCISE; RESPONSES; AFFERENTS; PRESSURE; STIMULATION AB 1. We tested the hypothesis that reflexes arising from working respiratory muscle can elicit increases in sympathetic vasoconstrictor outflow to limb skeletal muscle, in seven healthy human subjects at rest. 2. We measured muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) with intraneural electrodes in the peroneal nerve while the subject inspired (primarily with the diaphragm) against resistance, with mouth pressure (P-M) equal to 60% of maximal, a prolonged duty cycle (T-I/T-Tot) of 0.70, breathing frequency (f(b)) of 15 breaths min(-1) and tidal volume (V-T) equivalent to twice eupnoea. This protocol was known to reduce diaphragm blood flow and cause fatigue. 3. MSNA was unchanged during the first 1-2 min but then increased over time, to 77 +/- 51% (S.D.) greater than control at exhaustion (mean time, 7 +/- 3 min). Mean arterial blood pressure (+12 mmHg) and heart rate (+ 27 heats min(-1)) also increased. 4. When the V-T, f(b) and T-I/T-Tot of these trials were mimicked with no added resistance, neither MSNA nor arterial blood pressure increased. 5. MSNA and arterial blood pressure also did not change in response to two types of increased central respiratory motor output that did not produce fatigue: (a) high inspiratory flow rate and f(b) without added resistance; or (b) high inspiratory effort against resistance with P-M of 95% maximal, T-I/T-Tot of 0.35 and f(b) of 12 breaths min(-1). The heart rate increased by 5-16 beats min(-1) during these trials. 6. Thus, in the absence of any effect of increased central respiratory motor output per se on limb MSNA, we attributed the time-dependent increase in MSNA during high resistance, prolonged duty cycle breathing to a reflex arising from a diaphragm that was accumulating metabolic end products in the face of high force output plus compromised blood flow. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Prevent Med, John Rankin Lab Pulm Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Surg, John Rankin Lab Pulm Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI 53792 USA. RP St Croix, CM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, 13th Floor,Biomed Sci Tower,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. FU PHS HHS [R01-15469, R29-57401] NR 36 TC 113 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0022-3751 J9 J PHYSIOL-LONDON JI J. Physiol.-London PD DEC 1 PY 2000 VL 529 IS 2 BP 493 EP 504 PG 12 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 386YE UT WOS:000166092600019 PM 11101657 ER PT J AU Ratcliffe, M AF Ratcliffe, M TI Batista's operation: What have we learned? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PARTIAL LEFT VENTRICULECTOMY; STAGE HEART-DISEASE; DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; CONDUCTANCE CATHETER; PARALLEL CONDUCTANCE; VOLUME MEASUREMENT; LEFT-VENTRICLE; PERFORMANCE C1 San Francisco Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Ratcliffe, M (reprint author), San Francisco Vet Adm Med Ctr, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 36 IS 7 BP 2115 EP 2118 DI 10.1016/S0735-1097(00)01035-4 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 378TM UT WOS:000165600400015 PM 11127449 ER PT J AU Counsell, SR Holder, CM Liebenauer, LL Palmer, RM Fortinsky, RH Kresevic, DM Quinn, LM Allen, KR Covinsky, KE Landefeld, CS AF Counsell, SR Holder, CM Liebenauer, LL Palmer, RM Fortinsky, RH Kresevic, DM Quinn, LM Allen, KR Covinsky, KE Landefeld, CS TI Effects of a multicomponent intervention on functional outcomes and process of care in hospitalized older patients: A randomized controlled trial of Acute Care for Elders (ACE) in a community hospital SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 23-25, 1998 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Soc Gen Internal Med DE aged; hospital outcomes; functional decline; institutionalization; quality of care ID COMPREHENSIVE GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT; MEDICAL UNIT; DEPRESSION; ILLNESS; CONSULTATION; PROGRAM; DECLINE AB BACKGROUND: Older persons frequently experience a decline in function following an acute medical illness and hospitalization. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that a multicomponent intervention, called Acute Care for Elders (ACE), will improve functional outcomes and the process of care in hospitalized older patients. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Community teaching hospital. PATIENTS: A total of 1531 community-dwelling patients, aged 70 or older, admitted for an acute medical illness between November 1994 and May 1997. INTERVENTION: ACE includes a specially designed environment (with, for example, carpeting and uncluttered hallways); patient-centered care, including nursing care plans for prevention of disability and rehabilitation; planning for patient discharge to home; and review of medical care to prevent iatrogenic illness. MEASUREMENTS: The main outcome was change in the number of independent activities of daily living (ADL) from 2 weeks before admission (baseline) to discharge. Secondary outcomes included resource use, implementation of orders to promote function, and patient and provider satisfaction. RESULTS: Self-reported measures of function did not differ at discharge between the intervention and usual care groups by intention-to-treat analysis. The composite outcome of ADL decline from baseline or nursing home placement was less frequent in the intervention group at discharge (34% vs 40%; P =.027) and during the year following hospitalization (P = .022). There were no significant group differences in hospital length of stay and costs, home healthcare visits, or readmissions. Nursing care plans to promote independent function were more often implemented in the intervention group (79% vs 50%; P = .001), physical therapy consults were obtained more frequently (42% vs 36%; P = .027), and restraints were applied to fewer patients (2% vs 6%; r = .001). Satisfaction with care was higher for the intervention group than the usual care group among patients, caregivers, physicians, and nurses (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: ACE in a community hospital improved the process of care and patient and provider satisfaction without increasing hospital length of stay or costs. A lower frequency of the composite outcome ADL decline or nursing home placement may indicate potentially beneficial effects on patient outcomes. C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Summa Hlth Syst, ACE Clin Res Off, Akron, OH USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Farmington, CT USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Aging, Farmington, CT USA. Univ Hosp Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Cleveland, OH USA. Northeastern Ohio Univ, Coll Med, Rootstown, OH USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Counsell, SR (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, 1001 West 10th St,WOP M200, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10418] NR 40 TC 167 Z9 170 U1 5 U2 15 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1572 EP 1581 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 409EH UT WOS:000167371200005 PM 11129745 ER PT J AU Stout, JE Brennen, C Muder, RR AF Stout, JE Brennen, C Muder, RR TI Legionnaires' disease in a newly constructed long-term care facility SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Healthcare-Epidemiology-of-America CY APR 27-29, 1997 CL ST LOUIS, MISSOURI SP Soc Healthcare Epidemiol Amer DE Legionella; long-term care; pneumonia ID WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; NURSING-HOME; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; CONTAMINATION AB OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a newly-constructed long-term care facility would become colonized with Legionella and whether Legionnaires' disease would occur in residents of this new facility, DESIGN: Prospective environmental surveillance of the hospital's water distribution system for the presence of Legionella pneumophila during construction. Utilization of diagnostic tests for Legionnaires' disease in cases of nosocomial pneumonia. SETTING: The Pittsburgh Vh Health Care System, Aspin-wall Division, a two-building 400-bed complex. PARTICIPANTS: Sis patients who acquired Legionnaires' disease while in the facility. INTERVENTION: Installation of copper-silver ionization systems. MEASUREMENTS: Isolation of L. pneumophila from potable water and the occurrence of Legionnaires' disease. RESULTS: L. pneumophila serogroup I was recovered from the water distribution system within 1 month of operation; 74% (61/82) of distal sites were positive during construction. In the first 2 years of occupancy, six cases of legionellosis were diagnosed. Both clinical isolates of L. pneumophilia were identical to environmental isolates by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Copper-silver ionization systems were installed to control Legionella in the water system. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that long-term care residents are at risk for acquiring nosocomial Legionnaires' disease in the presence of a colonized water system, even in a newly constructed building. C1 VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Infect Dis Sect, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Special Pathogens Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Muder, RR (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Infect Dis Sect, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1589 EP 1592 PG 4 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 409EH UT WOS:000167371200007 PM 11129747 ER PT J AU Freeman, VL Meydani, M Yong, S Pyle, J Flanigan, RC Waters, WB Wojcik, EM AF Freeman, VL Meydani, M Yong, S Pyle, J Flanigan, RC Waters, WB Wojcik, EM TI Prostatic levels of fatty acids and the histopathology of localized prostate cancer SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate; prostatic neoplasms; fatty acids; prostatectomy; neoplasm invasiveness ID BREAST-CANCER; DIETARY-FAT; PLASMA; RISK AB Purpose: The consumption of various fatty acids has been associated with advanced stage and fatal prostate cancer. While numerous mechanisms have been postulated, to our knowledge there physiological data linking exposure and prognosis in humans are lacking. We examined prostatic levels of individual fatty acids in relation to the prevalence of histopathological characteristics associated with invasiveness and the risk of progression in 49 men undergoing radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: Fatty acids were measured using capillary gas chromatography in fresh nonmalignant prostate tissue collected at surgery. Markers of invasiveness and increased risk of progression (Gleason sum 7 or greater, perineural invasion, anatomical or surgical margin involvement, extracapsular extension, seminal vesical involvement and stage T3 tumor) were evaluated separately. Each marker was dichotomized into a yes (case) and no (control) level with patients grouped accordingly. Mean concentrations were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: The percent of total prostatic poly-unsaturated fat and polyunsaturated-to-saturated fat ratios were significantly lower in the presence of perineural invasion, seminal vesical involvement and stage T3 tumor (p = 0.02 to 0.049). alpha -Linolenic acid was significantly lower when tumor extended to an anatomical or surgical margin (p = 0.008). The omega -3 and omega -3-to-omega -6 fatty acid ratios were 1.5 to 3.3-fold lower in cases than in controls, reaching borderline significance in nearly all comparisons (p = 0.052 to 0.097). Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were not associated with the traits examined. Conclusions: These data suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acids and perhaps essential fatty acids in particular help to regulate prostate carcinogenesis in humans. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Midw Ctr Hlth Serv & Policy Res, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Dept Surg Pathol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vasc Biol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Freeman, VL (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Midw Ctr Hlth Serv & Policy Res, Roosevelt Rd & 5th Ave, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 25 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 164 IS 6 BP 2168 EP 2172 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)66991-1 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 372KJ UT WOS:000165232600092 PM 11061949 ER PT J AU Saliba, D Orlando, M Wenger, NS Hays, RD Rubenstein, LZ AF Saliba, D Orlando, M Wenger, NS Hays, RD Rubenstein, LZ TI Identifying a short functional disability screen for older persons SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVITIES; HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE; HEALTH-STATUS; SELF-REPORT; ADL; POPULATIONS; DIFFICULTY; MORTALITY; ADULTS; SCALE AB Background. Disability in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) or activities of daily living (ADLs) is an indicator of health risk. The inclusion of these items in population screens may be limited by variation in item performance across gender and rife groups. Further, identification of shortened lists may encourage inclusion of these items in screens. Methods. We applied item response theory (IRT) methods to assess the responses of 9865 community-dwelling elders in the 1993 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey to 11 IADL/ADL items. Items were classified as "receive help/ not receive help" for the overall population and stratified by age and gender. We assessed the same IADL/ADL items using responses classified as "difficulty/no difficulty." After eliminating items that performed poorly, we performed all subsets analyses to identify abbreviated sets of items that would select the highest proportion of persons with IADL/ ADL disability. Results. Responses classified in receive help format showed consistency by gender and age group. Changing the responsive classification to difficulty/no difficulty influenced the reported order and relationship of IADL/ADL items. Receipt of help for any one of five items-shopping, doing light housework? walking, bathing, or managing finances-identified 93% of individuals receiving help with any IADL/ADL. A slightly different set of five items-walking, shopping, transferring, doing light housework, or bathing-identified 91% of persons reporting difficulty with any IADL or ADL. Conclusions. The relationship of IADL and ADL items to the underlying construct of disability was similar for men and women. The relationship was also similar for oldest-old and younger-old individuals. This study also identified abbreviated lists of disability items that can be used to efficiently screen community-dwelling elders for the presence of IADL/ADL disability. C1 RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Multicampus Program Geriatr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Gen Internal Med & Hlth Serv Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Saliba, D (reprint author), RAND Corp, 1700 Main St, Santa Monica, CA USA. RI Hays, Ronald/D-5629-2013 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10415] NR 33 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 2 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 55 IS 12 BP M750 EP M756 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 390MH UT WOS:000166299600014 PM 11129398 ER PT J AU Hillman, LJ Burns, SP Kraft, GH AF Hillman, LJ Burns, SP Kraft, GH TI Neurological worsening due to infection from renal stones in a multiple sclerosis patient SO MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE multiple sclerosis; complications; neurogenic bladder; quadriplegic; infection ID URINARY-TRACT DYSFUNCTION; VESICOURETHRAL DYSFUNCTION; URODYNAMIC FINDINGS; BLADDER; ABNORMALITIES AB Symptomatic bladder dysfunction occurs in the majority of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Although guidelines have been established for diagnosis and management of bladder dysfunction in these patients, they are sometimes overlooked in the primary core setting, leading to severe, life threatening complications. A 64-year-old mole with a 31-year history of spastic quadriparetic MS and neurogenic bladder dysfunction managed with on indwelling catheter, presented to the hospital with worsening neurological function. He had developed increased weakness and cognitive impairment several weeks after being treated for a urinary trace infection (UTI). He hod become unable to perform any activities of daily living or drive his power wheelchair. After on extensive work-up, he was found to have a large (14 x 18 x 30 cm) retroperitoneal abscess and multiple renal stones, including a large obstructing calculus in the collecting system near the ureteropelvic junction, end he underwent nephrectomy end abscess drainage. Of note, he had been found to have multiple renal stones end hydronephrosis on renal ultrasound 3 years earlier, but he had received no treatment Following drainage of the abscess, his upper extremity neurological function returned to baseline, his cognitive status improved and he regained the ability to perform activities of daily living. Patients with paralysis from MS, much like those with traumatic spinel cord injuries, are at grave risk of mortality and morbidity from undiagnosed and under-treated urinary complications. This case demonstrates that evaluation end appropriate treatment for complications of neurogenic bladder should be part of routine care for patients with MS. Current recommendations for evaluation and management of bladder dysfunction in patients with MS will be reviewed. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Hillman, LJ (reprint author), Iowa Orthoped Ctr, 411 Laurel St,Ste 3300, Des Moines, IA 50314 USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1352-4585 J9 MULT SCLER JI Mult. Scler. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 6 IS 6 BP 403 EP 406 DI 10.1191/135245800701566395 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 393GK UT WOS:000166460700008 PM 11212137 ER PT J AU Yano, N Endoh, M Fadden, KJ Yamashita, H Sakai, H Kurokawa, K Abboud, HE Rifai, A AF Yano, N Endoh, M Fadden, KJ Yamashita, H Sakai, H Kurokawa, K Abboud, HE Rifai, A TI Genomic repertoire of human mesangial cells: comprehensive analysis of gene expression by cDNA array hybridization SO NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE cultured mesangial cell; gene expression; genomics; high-density DNA array; mouse orthologue ID PROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; GLOMERULAR CELLS; IN-VITRO; FIBRONECTIN; MICROARRAY; PROTEIN; ALPHA-1(I); DEPOSITS; PATTERNS; HSP47 AB Knowing when and where a gene is expressed in a cell often provides a strong clue as to its physiological role. It is estimated the human genome contains 80 000-100 000 genes. Assessment of gene activity on a global genome-wide scale is a fundamental and newly developed experimental strategy to expand the scope of biological investigation from a single gene to studying all genes at once in a systematic way. Capitalizing on the recently developed methodology of cDNA array hybridization, we monitored the simultaneous expression of thousands of genes in primary human mesangial cells. Complex alpha-P-33-labelled cDNA probes were prepared from cultured mesangial cells. The probe was hybridized to a high-density array of 18 326 paired target genes. The radioactive hybridization signals were analysed by phosphorimager. Bioinformatics from public genomic databases was utilized to assign a chromosomal location of each expressed transcript. Approximately 7460 different gene transcripts were detected in mesangial cells. Close to 13% (957 genes) were full-length mRNA human transcripts (HTs), the remainder 6503 being expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Using special imaging computer software, the transcriptional level of the 957 HTs was compared with the expression of the ribosomal protein S28 (housekeeping gene). The HTs were also classified by function of the gene product and listed with information on their chromosomal loci. To allow comparison between clinical and experimental studies of gene expression, the detected human gene transcripts were cross-referenced to orthologous mouse genes. Thus, the presented data constitute a quantitative preliminary blueprint of the transcriptional map of the human mesangial cell. The information may serve as a resource for speeding up the discovery of genes underlying human glomerular diseases. The complete listing of the full-length expressed genes is available upon request via E-mail: (Abdalla_Rifai@Brown.edu). C1 Brown Univ, Rhode Isl Hosp, Dept Pathol, Providence, RI 02903 USA. Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02903 USA. Tokai Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Nephrol & Metab, Kanagawa 2591100, Japan. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Affairs Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Rifai, A (reprint author), Brown Univ, Rhode Isl Hosp, Dept Pathol, 593 Eddy St, Providence, RI 02903 USA. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE ASIA PI CARLTON PA 54 UNIVERSITY ST, P O BOX 378, CARLTON, VICTORIA 3053, AUSTRALIA SN 1320-5358 J9 NEPHROLOGY JI Nephrology PD DEC PY 2000 VL 5 IS 4 BP 215 EP 223 DI 10.1046/j.1440-1797.2000.00008.x PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 400LW UT WOS:000166873900002 ER PT J AU Dougherty, CM Spertus, JA Dewhurst, TA Nichol, WP AF Dougherty, CM Spertus, JA Dewhurst, TA Nichol, WP TI Outpatient nursing case management for cardiovascular disease SO NURSING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE CASE-MANAGEMENT; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; HEALTH SURVEY; OUTCOMES; PRACTITIONER; VALIDITY; IMPACT; SYSTEM; CARE AB Case management has been an effective treatment model for maintaining costs while preserving quality of care for vulnerable populations who are frequent care users. Nursing case management has been effective in improving health outcomes in chronically ill populations. Specifically, nurse practitioner care has been as effective, and in some areas, more effective in managing chronic health problems of patients than care provided by physicians. Cardiovascular disease is a chronic condition, often accompanied by longterm symptoms and disability, that is prevalent in the United States population. Outpatient nursing case management for chronic health problems associated with cardiovascular disease is posited as a model for a heavily used system that maintains quality of care in this group. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Polyclin, Seattle, WA USA. Mid Amer Heart Inst, Kansas City, MO USA. RP Dougherty, CM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Box 357266, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0029-6465 J9 NURS CLIN N AM JI Nurs. Clin. North Am. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 35 IS 4 BP 993 EP + PG 12 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 382WA UT WOS:000165849300014 PM 11072284 ER PT J AU Waldrep, TW Summers, KK Chiliade, PA AF Waldrep, TW Summers, KK Chiliade, PA TI Coinfection with HIV and HCV: More questions than answers? SO PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Review ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; LIVER FIBROSIS PROGRESSION; DYNAMICS IN-VIVO; INTERFERON-ALPHA; INFECTED PATIENTS; NATURAL-HISTORY; UNITED-STATES; INFANT TRANSMISSION; COMBINATION THERAPY AB Chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health threat in the United States and worldwide. By sharing some routes of transmission, persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at risk for coinfection with HCV; As a result, hepatic cirrhosis, endstage liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma due to chronic infection with HCV are important causes of both morbidity and mortality in coinfected patients. The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy improved the management of patients with HIV, leading to decreased morbidity and better survival. As patients infected with HIV live longer, their risk of long-term sequelae from chronic HCV increases. Coinfection with HIV may be associated with rapid progression of chronic HCV In contrast, the effect of HCV on the natural history of HIV is less clear. Data regarding treatment of HCV in HIV-coinfected patients are limited. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Immunosuppress Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Waldrep, TW (reprint author), Parkland Hlth & Hosp Syst, 5201 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. NR 80 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHARMACOTHERAPY PUBLICATIONS INC PI BOSTON PA NEW ENGLAND MEDICAL CENTER BOX 806 171 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0277-0008 J9 PHARMACOTHERAPY JI Pharmacotherapy PD DEC PY 2000 VL 20 IS 12 BP 1499 EP 1507 DI 10.1592/phco.20.19.1499.34859 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 380CL UT WOS:000165680700011 PM 11130222 ER PT J AU George, MS Sackeim, HA Marangell, LB Husain, MM Nahas, Z Lisanby, SH Ballenger, JC Rush, AJ AF George, MS Sackeim, HA Marangell, LB Husain, MM Nahas, Z Lisanby, SH Ballenger, JC Rush, AJ TI Vagus nerve stimulation - A potential therapy for resistant depression? SO PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; PARTIAL SEIZURES; ELECTROCONVULSIVE-THERAPY; BLOOD-FLOW; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; REFRACTORY EPILEPSY; ELECTRODE PLACEMENT; TREATMENT RESPONSE; SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; VAGAL-STIMULATION AB For more than a century, neuroscientists have tried to develop noninvasive methods to stimulate the brain, thereby avoiding brain surgery and open craniotomy. As early as 1938, some investigators conjectured that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) would alter higher brain activity. Within the past 20 years, VNS in the neck has become routine, and a specific type of VNS has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment-resistant partial onset seizure disorder, with 9000 patients receiving implants worldwide. This year, a pilot study(51) using VNS in subjects with treatment-resistant depression showed encouraging results. This article summarizes the theory and practice of VNS and addresses many of the issues that must considered in the development of VNS as a potential antidepressant therapy and neuroscience probe. VNS seems to be a promising new somatic intervention that also may improve the understanding of brain function. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. New York State Psychiat Inst, Dept Biol Psychiat, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Radiol, New York, NY USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Dallas, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP George, MS (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI Rush, Augustus/0000-0003-2004-2382 NR 73 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 4 U2 7 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0193-953X J9 PSYCHIAT CLIN N AM JI Psychiatr. Clin. North Amer. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 23 IS 4 BP 757 EP + DI 10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70196-9 PG 28 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 385BG UT WOS:000165981300006 PM 11147246 ER PT J AU Kerrigan, AJ Kaough, JE Wilson, BL Wilson, JV Boeringa, JA Monga, TN AF Kerrigan, AJ Kaough, JE Wilson, BL Wilson, JV Boeringa, JA Monga, TN TI Vocational rehabilitation outcomes of veterans with substance use disorders in a partial hospitalization program SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article AB The authors examined factors that influenced the employment rates of 529 veterans with severe alcohol and other substance use disorders who were being treated at an addictions partial hospitalization program. The employment rate was significantly higher for veterans who completed the hospitalization program, participated in a Veterans Industries work-for-pay program, and received drug-free supportive housing. C1 VA Med Ctr, Psychol Serv 116B, Hlth Care Homeless Vet Dept, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Fac Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kerrigan, AJ (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Psychol Serv 116B, Hlth Care Homeless Vet Dept, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 51 IS 12 BP 1570 EP 1572 DI 10.1176/appi.ps.51.12.1570 PG 3 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 380CT UT WOS:000165681400018 PM 11097656 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Mason, AC AF El-Serag, HB Mason, AC TI Risk factors for the rising rates of primary liver cancer in the United States SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; INTERFERON THERAPY AB Background: A recent increase in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was reported in the United States. The cause of this witnessed rise remains unknown. Methods: We examined the temporal changes in both age-specific and age-standardized hospitalization rates of primary liver cancer associated with hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and alcoholic cirrhosis in the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center's Patient Treatment File. Results: A total of 1605 patients were diagnosed with primary liver cancer between 1993 and 1998. The over all age-adjusted proportional hospitalization rate for primary liver cancer increased from 36.4 per 100 000 (95% confidence interval [CI], 34.0-38.9) between 1993 and 1995 to 47.5 per 100 000 (95% CI, 44.6-50.1) between 1996 and 1998. There was a 3-fold increase in the age-adjusted rates for primary liver cancer associated with hepatitis C virus, from 2.3 per 100 000 (95%, CI, 1.8-3.0) between 1993 and 1995 to 7.0 per 100 000 (95% CI, 5.9-8.1) between 1996 and 1998. Concomitant with this rise, the age-specific rates for primary liver cancer associated with hepatitis C also shifted toward younger patients. During the same periods, the age-adjusted rates for primary liver cancer associated with either hepatitis B virus (2.2 vs 3.1 per 100 000) or alcoholic cirrhosis (8.4 vs 9.1 per 100 000) remained stable. The rates for primary liver cancer without risk factors also remained without a statistically significant change, from 17.5 (95% CI, 15.8-19.1) between 1993 and 1995 to 19.0 per 100 000 (95% CI, 17.3-20.7) between 1996 and 1998. Conclusions: Hepatitis C virus infection accounts for most of the increase in the number of cases of primary liver cancer among US veterans. The rates of primary liver cancer associated with alcoholic cirrhosis and hepatitis B virus infection have remained stable. C1 Houston Veterans Affairs Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, Houston, TX USA. Houston Veterans Affairs Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Sect, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Gastroenterol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Houston VA Med CTr 152, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 16 TC 265 Z9 274 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD NOV 27 PY 2000 VL 160 IS 21 BP 3227 EP 3230 DI 10.1001/archinte.160.21.3227 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 376KL UT WOS:000165456700007 PM 11088082 ER PT J AU Neuberger, J Ubel, PA AF Neuberger, J Ubel, PA TI Finding a place for public preferences in liver allocation decisions SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE; PRIORITY; TRANSPLANTATION AB Over the last decade there have been major advances in all aspects of liver transplantation with the consequence that the number of patients who could benefit from the procedure is increasing. As a result, the number of patients listed for liver transplantation is growing while the donor pool is remaining constant or even falling. The effect of this donor shortage is seen clearly both in Europe and in North America. For example, in North America data from UNOS shows that between 1988 and 1997 the number of cadaveric donor liver transplants rose from 1713 to 4100. The number of patients waiting for transplant rose over the same time from 616 to 9647. This shortage of organs has tragic consequences. Although the proportion of patients dying on the waiting list is falling, the number of patients dying on the liver transplant waiting list increased from 196 to 1129 over this same period of time. C1 Queen Elizabeth Hosp, Liver Unit, Birmingham B15 2TH, W Midlands, England. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Neuberger, J (reprint author), Queen Elizabeth Hosp, Liver Unit, Birmingham B15 2TH, W Midlands, England. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD NOV 27 PY 2000 VL 70 IS 10 BP 1411 EP 1413 DI 10.1097/00007890-200011270-00001 PG 3 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 376XK UT WOS:000165481900001 PM 11118080 ER PT J AU Pekary, AE Meyerhoff, JL Sattin, A AF Pekary, AE Meyerhoff, JL Sattin, A TI Electroconvulsive seizures modulate levels of thyrotropin releasing hormone and related peptides in rat hypothalamus, cingulate and lateral cerebellum SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE depression; limbic system; high-pressure liquid chromatography; radioimmunoassay ID INHIBITING FACTOR; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; KINDLED SEIZURES; GENE-EXPRESSION; PREPRO-TRH; BRAIN; INCREASES; CORTEX; PREPRO-TRH-(160-169); MECHANISMS AB We have studied the neuroanatomic extent of electroconvulsive (ECS)-responsive prepro-TRH and TRH-related gene expression and its possible interaction with forced swimming. Young adult male Wistar rats were treated in a 2X2 Latin square protocol of swimming, no swimming, three daily ECS or sham ECS. Sixteen different brain regions were dissected and immunoreactivity measured for TRH (pGlu-His-Pro-NH2); TRH-Gly, a TRH precursor; Ps4, a prepro-TRH-derived TRH-enhancing decapeptide, and EEP (pGlu-Glu-Pro-NH2). ECS, in addition to elevating TRH-immunoreactivity (TRH-IR), TRH-Gly-IR, Ps4-IR and EEP-IR levels in the limbic regions, as we have previously reported, also significantly increased Ps4-IR levels in hypothalamus, posterior cingulate and lateral cerebellum, and increased TRH-Gly-IR levels in hypothalamus. Interestingly, the combination of ECS and swimming significantly reduced the levels of TRH-Gly-IR in the anterior cingulate compared to the sham ECS-no swim group. The combined use of high-pressure liquid chromatography and the EEP radioimmunoassay (RIA) revealed that pGlu-Tyr-Pro-NH2 and/or pGlu-Phe-Pro-NH2 occur in amygdala, anterior cingulate, frontal cortex, entorhinal cortex, lateral cerebellum and striatum and make a substantial contribution to the EEP-IR and TRH-IR. We conclude that ECS can alter the expression and secretion of TRH-related peptides in the hypothalamus, cingulate and lateral cerebellum. Such effects have not previously been reported in these limbic and extra-limbic regions which are increasingly implicated in the autonomic, behavioral and volitional changes which accompany severe depression and its treatment. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Neuroendocrinol & Neurochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Pekary, AE (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 47 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD NOV 24 PY 2000 VL 884 IS 1-2 BP 174 EP 183 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(00)02930-9 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 381EK UT WOS:000165749200019 PM 11082499 ER PT J AU Xu, W Longo, FJ Wintermantel, MR Jiang, XY Clark, RA DeLisle, S AF Xu, W Longo, FJ Wintermantel, MR Jiang, XY Clark, RA DeLisle, S TI Calreticulin modulates capacitative Ca2+ influx by controlling the extent of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-induced Ca2+ store depletion SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID XENOPUS-LAEVIS OOCYTES; INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; GENE-EXPRESSION; BINDING PROTEIN; RECEPTOR; TRISPHOSPHATE; ACTIVATION; OVEREXPRESSION; MESSENGER; CURRENTS AB Calreticulin (CRT) is a highly conserved Ca2+-binding protein that resides in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We overexpressed CRT in Xenopus oocytes to determine how it could modulate inositol 1,4-5-trisphosphate (InsP(3))-induced Ca2+ influx. Under conditions where it did not affect the spatially complex elevations in free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+](i)) due to InsP(3)-induced Ca2+ release, overexpressed CRT decreased by 46% the Ca2+-gated Cl- current due to Ca2+ influx. Deletion mutants revealed that CRT requires its high capacity Ca2+-binding domain to reduce the elevations of [Ca2+](i), due to Ca2+ influx. This functional domain was also required for CRT to attenuate the InsP(3)-induced decline in the free Ca2+ concentration within the ER lumen ([Ca2+](ER)), as monitored with a "chameleon" indicator. Our data suggest that by buffering [Ca2+](ER) near resting levels, CRT may prevent InsP(3) from depleting the intracellular stores sufficiently to activate Ca2+ influx. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Anat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78230 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78230 USA. RP DeLisle, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr 3B185, 10 N Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 55 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 24 PY 2000 VL 275 IS 47 BP 36676 EP 36682 DI 10.1074/jbc.M002041200 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 378GY UT WOS:000165577700033 PM 10973951 ER PT J AU Miller, YE AF Miller, YE TI Staging of non-small-cell lung cancer with positron-emission tomography. SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RP Miller, YE (reprint author), Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD NOV 23 PY 2000 VL 343 IS 21 BP 1571 EP 1572 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 375PR UT WOS:000165410900016 PM 11184749 ER PT J AU Lyu, RM Germano, PM Choi, JK Le, SV Pisegna, JR AF Lyu, RM Germano, PM Choi, JK Le, SV Pisegna, JR TI Identification of an essential amino acid motif within the C terminus of the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor that is critical for signal transduction but not for receptor internalization SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MUSCARINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; CARBOXYL-TERMINUS; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; CYTOPLASMIC DOMAINS; PEPTIDE RECEPTOR; SPLICE VARIANTS; A RECEPTOR; CELLS AB The pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) type 1 (PAC1) receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor and class II receptor member. The receptor domains critical for signaling are unknown. To explore the role of the C terminus, truncations of 63 residues(Tr-406), 53 residues (Tr-416), 49 residues (Tr-420), 44 residues (Tr-424), and 37 residues (Tr-433) were constructed and expressed in NIH/3T3 cells, and immunofluorescence, radioligand binding, adenylyl cyclase (AC) and phospholipase C (PLC) assays were performed. I-125-PACAP-27 binding (K-d = 0.6-1.5 nM) for the Tr-406 and Tr-433 were similar to wild type Hop and Null splice variants (K-d = similar to1.1 nM), Although internalization of ligand for both the Tr-406 and Tr-433 mutants was reduced to 50-60% at 60 min compared with 76-87% for WT, loss of G-protein coupling did not account for differences in internalization. Despite similar binding properties Tr-406 and Tr-416 mutants showed no AC or PLC response. Addition of 14 amino acids distal to HopTr(406) resulted in normal AC and PLC responses. Site-directed mutagenesis indicated that Arg(416) and Ser(417) are essential for G protein activation. The proximal C terminus mediates signal transduction, and the distal is involved with internalization. Two residues within the C terminus, Arg(416) and Ser(417) conserved among class II receptors are the likely sites for G protein coupling. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst 111C, Gastroenterol & Hepatol Sect, CURE, Vet Affairs UCLA Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Pisegna, JR (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst 111C, Gastroenterol & Hepatol Sect, CURE, Vet Affairs UCLA Digest Dis Res Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 52274-01] NR 42 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 17 PY 2000 VL 275 IS 46 BP 36134 EP 36142 DI 10.1074/jbc.M004612200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 375CM UT WOS:000165382000070 PM 10908567 ER PT J AU Van Laer, A Dallalio, G McKenzie, SW Means, RT AF Van Laer, A Dallalio, G McKenzie, SW Means, RT TI Thioredoxin and protein nitrotyrosine in bone marrow supernatant from patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RI Means, Robert/A-4454-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2000 VL 96 IS 11 MA 3824 BP 38B EP 38B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 372WC UT WOS:000165256200164 ER PT J AU Yagi, M Roth, GJ AF Yagi, M Roth, GJ TI Altered regulation of mitosis polyploidizing megakaryocytes. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Hematol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2000 VL 96 IS 11 MA 4339 BP 148B EP 148B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 372WC UT WOS:000165256200679 ER PT J AU Harris, KW Burns, SC Arcasoy, MO AF Harris, KW Burns, SC Arcasoy, MO TI Purification and characterization of yeast-expressed erythropoietin (R103A), an erythropoietin antagonist. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 So Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2000 VL 96 IS 11 MA 4366 BP 154B EP 154B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 372WC UT WOS:000165256200706 ER PT J AU Resendiz, JC Feng, SJ Christodoulides, N Arboleda, D Berndt, MC Kroll, MH AF Resendiz, JC Feng, SJ Christodoulides, N Arboleda, D Berndt, MC Kroll, MH TI Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) is activated and associates with glycoprotein (GP) IB alpha in platelets exposed to pathological shear stress. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Baker Med Res Inst, Hazel & Pip Appel Vasc Biol Lab, Prahran, Vic, Australia. RI Berndt, Michael/D-5580-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2000 VL 96 IS 11 MA 1045 BP 243A EP 243A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 372WB UT WOS:000165256101046 ER PT J AU Bhoopalam, N Hynes, D Marriott, E AF Bhoopalam, N Hynes, D Marriott, E TI Evaluating clinical trials productivity in a hematology/oncology division. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Hematol Oncol Sect, Maywood, IL USA. Midwest Ctr Hlth Serv & Policy Res, Maywood, IL USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2000 VL 96 IS 11 MA 5438 BP 388B EP 388B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 372WC UT WOS:000165256201778 ER PT J AU Pharr, PN Kawada, H Ito, T Spyropoulos, D Watson, DK Ogawa, M AF Pharr, PN Kawada, H Ito, T Spyropoulos, D Watson, DK Ogawa, M TI Amegakarypoiesis and dyserythropoiesis in Flil-null mice. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ctr Mol & Struct Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2000 VL 96 IS 11 MA 1956 BP 454A EP 454A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 372WB UT WOS:000165256101957 ER PT J AU Hsu, JH Shi, YJ Chin, J Krajewski, S Reed, J Lichtenstein, AK AF Hsu, JH Shi, YJ Chin, J Krajewski, S Reed, J Lichtenstein, AK TI Central role for the AKT kinase in multiple myeloma cell expansion. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Burnham Inst, Dept Oncogene Apoptosis Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2000 VL 96 IS 11 MA 2032 BP 472A EP 472A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 372WB UT WOS:000165256102033 ER PT J AU Rettig, MB Lichtenstein, AK An, JB AF Rettig, MB Lichtenstein, AK An, JB TI HHV8 latent nuclear antigen upregulates cellular IL-6 expression through the AP1 response element. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2000 VL 96 IS 11 MA 2998 BP 696A EP 696A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 372WB UT WOS:000165256102998 ER PT J AU Shaughnessy, P Ririe, D Ornstein, D Callander, N Anderson, JE Pollack, M Freytes, C Cruz, J Rodriguez, T Bachier, C LeMaistre, CF AF Shaughnessy, P Ririe, D Ornstein, D Callander, N Anderson, JE Pollack, M Freytes, C Cruz, J Rodriguez, T Bachier, C LeMaistre, CF TI Phase II study of a moderate intensity preparative regimen and allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for hematologic diseases: The Texas Transplant Consortium experience. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Scott & White Mem Hosp & Clin, Temple, TX 76508 USA. Texas Transplant Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2000 VL 96 IS 11 MA 3389 BP 784A EP 784A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 372WB UT WOS:000165256103388 ER PT J AU George, MS Nahas, Z Molloy, M Speer, AM Oliver, NC Li, XB Arana, GW Risch, SC Ballenger, JC AF George, MS Nahas, Z Molloy, M Speer, AM Oliver, NC Li, XB Arana, GW Risch, SC Ballenger, JC TI A controlled trial of daily left prefrontal cortex TMS for treating depression SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Biological-Psychiatry CY MAY 13-16, 1999 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Soc Biol Psychiat DE transcranial magnetic stimulation; depression; prefrontal cortex; treatments; mood; emotion; clinical trials ID TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX; RESISTANT MAJOR DEPRESSION; RTMS IMPROVES MOOD; AFFECTIVE-DISORDERS; SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; BLOOD-FLOW; BRAIN AB Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a new technology for noninvasively stimulating the brain, Several studies have suggested that daily stimulation of the left prefrontal cortex with TMS for 2 weeks has probable antidepressant effects. We conducted a parallel-design, double-masked, sham-controlled study to address whether 2 weeks of daily TMS over the left prefrontal cortex has antidepressant activity greater than sham. Methods: Thirty medication-free adult outpatients with nonpsychotic, major depressive (n = 21) or bipolar (n = 9) (depressed phase) disorder who were in a current major depression (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HRSD] 21-item score of >18) were treated each weekday for 2 weeks. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either daily active (20 subjects) or sham (10 subjects) stimulation. Additionally, the 20 active subjects I were equally divided between slower (5 Hz) andfaster (20 Hz) frequency treatment. Antidepressant response was defined as greater than a 50% improvement in the baseline HRSD, Results: Active TMS resulted in significantly more responders (9/20) than did sham (0/10) (chi (2) = 6.42, p < .01), The number of responders did not differ significantly between the two active cells (3/10 faster and 6/10 slower). Expressed as a percent change from baseline, active TMS subjects had significantly greater improvement on the Beck Depression Inventory as well as the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale than did those who received sham. Conclusions: Daily left prefrontal TMS for 2 weeks significantly reduced depression symptoms greater than did sham, The two forms of active TMS treatment did not differ significantly, (C) 2000 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Funct Neuroimaging Div, Dept Psychiat, Brain Stimulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC USA. NIMH, Biol Psychiat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Shangdong Med Univ, Dept Psychiat, Jinan, Peoples R China. RP George, MS (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Funct Neuroimaging Div, Dept Psychiat, Brain Stimulat Lab, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 53 TC 233 Z9 243 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD NOV 15 PY 2000 VL 48 IS 10 BP 962 EP 970 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)01048-9 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 374PP UT WOS:000165353800002 PM 11082469 ER PT J AU Mystkowski, P Seeley, RJ Hahn, TM Baskin, DG Havel, PJ Matsumoto, AM Wilkinson, CW Peacock-Kinzig, K Blake, KA Schwartz, MW AF Mystkowski, P Seeley, RJ Hahn, TM Baskin, DG Havel, PJ Matsumoto, AM Wilkinson, CW Peacock-Kinzig, K Blake, KA Schwartz, MW TI Hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone and estrogen-induced weight loss SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MCH; estrogen; body weight; energy balance; lateral hypothalamus; anorexia; pair-feeding ID NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; ENERGY-BALANCE; FOOD-INTAKE; RAT HYPOTHALAMUS; BODY-WEIGHT; LEPTIN; ANOREXIA; TUMOR; AREA; ESTRADIOL AB Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is an orexigenic neuropeptide produced by neurons of the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). Because genetic MCH deficiency induces hypophagia and loss of body fat, we hypothesized that MCH neurons may represent a specific LHA pathway that, when inhibited, contributes to the pathogenesis of certain anorexia syndromes. To test this hypothesis, we measured behavioral, hormonal, and hypothalamic neuropeptide responses in two models of hyperestrogenemia in male rats, a highly reproducible anorexia paradigm. Whereas estrogen-induced weight loss engaged multiple systems that normally favor recovery of lost weight, the expected increase of MCH mRNA expression induced by energy restriction was selectively and completely abolished. These findings identify MCH neurons as specific targets of estrogen action and suggest that inhibition of these neurons may contribute to the hypophagic effect of estrogen. C1 Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Metab, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP Schwartz, MW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Metab, 325 9th Ave,Box 359757, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL07028]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-12829]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS-32273] NR 32 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD NOV 15 PY 2000 VL 20 IS 22 BP 8637 EP 8642 PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 370PM UT WOS:000165131500051 PM 11069973 ER PT J AU Laser, M Willey, CD Jiang, WJ Cooper, G Menick, DR Zile, MR Kuppuswamy, D AF Laser, M Willey, CD Jiang, WJ Cooper, G Menick, DR Zile, MR Kuppuswamy, D TI Integrin activation and focal complex formation in cardiac hypertrophy SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION; ADHESION KINASE FAK; SRC FAMILY KINASES; MYOCYTES IN-VITRO; PROTEIN-KINASE; C-SRC; FIBRONECTIN RECEPTOR; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; CONTRACTILE DYSFUNCTION AB Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by both remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and hypertrophic growth of the cardiocytes. Here we show increased expression and cytoskeletal association of the ECM: proteins fibronectin and vitronectin in pressure-overloaded feline myocardium. These changes are accompanied by cytoskeletal binding and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) at Tyr-397 and Tyr-925, c-Src at Tyr-416, recruitment of the adapter proteins p130(Cas), Shc, and Nck, and activation of the extracellular-regulated: kinases ERK1/2. A synthetic peptide containing the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif of fibronectin and vitronectin was used to stimulate adult feline cardiomyocytes cultured on laminin or within a type-1 collagen matrix. Whereas cardiocytes under both conditions showed RGD-stimulated ERK1/2 activation, only collagen-embedded cells exhibited cytoskeletal assembly of FAK, c-Src, Nck, and Shc. In ROD-stimulated collagen-embedded cells, FAK was phosphorylated only at Tyr-397 and; c-Src association occurred without Tyr-416 phosphorylation and p130(Cas) association. Therefore, c-Src activation is not required for its cytoskeletal binding:but may be important for additional phosphorylation of:FAK. Overall, our study suggests that multiple signaling pathways originate in pressure-overloaded heart following integrin engagement with ECM proteins, including focal complex formation and ERK1/2 activation, and many of these pathways can be activated in cardiomyocytes via RGD-stimulated integrin activation. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Dept Physiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Kuppuswamy, D (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, 114 Doughty St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI Willey, Christopher/0000-0001-9953-0279 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-48788] NR 59 TC 93 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 10 PY 2000 VL 275 IS 45 BP 35624 EP 35630 DI 10.1074/jbc.M006124200 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 375VW UT WOS:000165422800105 PM 10958798 ER PT J AU Methippara, MM Alam, MN Szymusiak, R McGinty, D AF Methippara, MM Alam, MN Szymusiak, R McGinty, D TI Effects of lateral preoptic area application of orexin-A on sleep-wakefulness SO NEUROREPORT LA English DT Article DE lateral preoptic area; narcolepsy; orexin-A; rat; sleep; temperature; wakefulness ID NEURONS; NARCOLEPSY; RAT; PEPTIDES; SYSTEMS; AROUSAL AB Deficiency of orexin, a newly discovered hypothalamic peptide, is thought to lead to abnormal sleepiness and cataplexy in both human narcolepsy and animal models of the disease. As the POA contains extensive orexin terminals and is established as a sleep/arousal regulatory site, we evaluated a hypothesis that this site is a target for the arousal-inducing effects of orexin. Orexin-A was microinjected into lateral preoptic area (IPOA) and the effects on sleep-wakefulness and brain temperature were studied. Compared to saline vehicle control, orexin-A induced an increase in wakefulness for 70 min and suppressed all sleep stages, especially SWS2 and REM for 80 and 90 min, respectively. Brain temperature was not differentially affected by orexin-A compared to saline control. The orexin-induced arousal and REM suppression are consistent with the orexin-deficiency model of narcolepsy. Our results suggest that the IPOA orexin terminal field or adjacent structures may be a locus of arousal regulation by this peptide and a substrate of sleep-wake regulatory deficits in:narcolepsy. NeuroReport 11:3423-3426 (C) 2000 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. RP McGinty, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 60296]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH 47480] NR 24 TC 84 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0959-4965 J9 NEUROREPORT JI Neuroreport PD NOV 9 PY 2000 VL 11 IS 16 BP 3423 EP 3426 DI 10.1097/00001756-200011090-00004 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 373RA UT WOS:000165301600004 PM 11095491 ER PT J AU Cohen, SN Toole, JF AF Cohen, SN Toole, JF TI Stroke in patients with asymptomatic internal-carotid-artery stenosis SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Cohen, SN (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD NOV 9 PY 2000 VL 343 IS 19 BP 1420 EP 1421 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 370ZH UT WOS:000165152800028 PM 11183888 ER PT J AU Asch, SM Sloss, EEM Hogan, C Brook, RH Kravitz, RL AF Asch, SM Sloss, EEM Hogan, C Brook, RH Kravitz, RL TI Measuring underuse of necessary care among elderly Medicare beneficiaries using inpatient and outpatient claims SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE; ADMINISTRATIVE DATA; MEASURING QUALITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFORMATION; INSURANCE; SYSTEM; RATES AB Context Continuing changes in the health care delivery system make it essential to monitor underuse of needed care, even for relatively well-insured populations. Traditional approaches to measuring underuse have relied on patient surveys and chart reviews, which are expensive, or simple single-condition claims-based indicators, which are not clinically convincing. Objective To develop a comprehensive, low-cost system for measuring underuse of necessary care among elderly patients using inpatient and outpatient Medicare claims. Design A 7-member, multispecialty expert physician panel was assembled and used a modified Delphi method to develop clinically detailed underuse indicators likely to be associated with avoidable poor outcomes for 15 common acute and chronic medical and surgical conditions. An automated system was developed to calculate the indicators using administrative data. Setting and Subjects A total of 345253 randomly selected elderly US Medicare beneficiaries in 1994-1996, Main Outcome Measures Proportion of beneficiaries receiving care, stratified by indicators of necessary care (n=40, including 3 for preventive care), and avoidable outcomes (n=6). Results For 16 of 40 necessary care indicators (including preventive care indicators), beneficiaries received the indicated care less than two thirds of the time. Of all indicators, African Americans scored significantly worse than whites on 16 and better on 2; residents of poverty areas scored significantly lower than nonresidents on 17 and higher on 1; residents of federally defined Health Professional Shortage Areas scored significantly lower than nonresidents on 16 and higher on none (P<.05 for all). Conclusions This claims-based method detected substantial underuse problems likely to result in negative outcomes in elderly populations. Significantly more underuse problems were detected in populations known to receive less-than-average medical care, The method can serve as a reliable, valid tool for monitoring trends in underuse of needed care for older patients and for comparing care across health care plans and geographic areas based on claims data. C1 RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Direct Res, Vienna, VA USA. Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Hlth Serv Res Primary Care, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Asch, SM (reprint author), 1700 Main St,POB 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. OI Kravitz, Richard/0000-0001-5575-529X NR 45 TC 119 Z9 120 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 8 PY 2000 VL 284 IS 18 BP 2325 EP 2333 DI 10.1001/jama.284.18.2325 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 369NU UT WOS:000165074500026 PM 11066182 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB AF El-Serag, HB TI Segment length and risk for neoplastic progression in patients with Barrett esophagus SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID MODELS C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD NOV 7 PY 2000 VL 133 IS 9 BP 747 EP 748 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 369PC UT WOS:000165075300015 PM 11074916 ER PT J AU Berkwits, M AF Berkwits, M TI CAPTURE! SHOCK! EXCITE! Clinical trial acronyms and the "branding" of clinical research SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AVID TRIAL; ANTIARRHYTHMICS; ACTIVATION C1 Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Berkwits, M (reprint author), Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1229 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD NOV 7 PY 2000 VL 133 IS 9 BP 755 EP 759 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 369PC UT WOS:000165075300029 PM 11074930 ER PT J AU Sachs, G Shin, JM Munson, K Vagin, O Lambrecht, N Scott, DR Weeks, DL Melchers, K AF Sachs, G Shin, JM Munson, K Vagin, O Lambrecht, N Scott, DR Weeks, DL Melchers, K TI Review article: the control of gastric acid and Helicobacter pylori eradication SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID SARCOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; DUODENAL-ULCER; REVERSIBLE INHIBITORS; PEPTIC-ULCERATION; CATALYTIC CYCLE; ALPHA-SUBUNIT; BETA-SUBUNIT; H+-ATPASE; SECRETION; PUMP AB This review focuses on the gastric acid pump as a therapeutic target for the control of acid secretion in peptic ulcer and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. The mechanism of the proton pump inhibitors is discussed as well as their clinical use. The biology of Helicobacter pylori as a gastric denizen is then discussed, with special regard to its mechanisms of acid resistance. Here the properties of the products of the urease gene clusters, ureA, B and ureI, E, F, G and H are explored in order to explain the unique location of this pathogen. The dominant requirement for acid resistance is the presence of a proton gated urea transporter, UreI, which increases access of gastric juice urea to the intrabacterial urease 300-fold. This enables rapid and continuous buffering of the bacterial periplasm to approximate to pH 6.0, allowing acid resistance and growth at acidic pH in the presence of 1 mM urea. A hypothesis for the basis of combination therapy for eradication is also presented. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Digest Res Ctr, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Digest Res Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. BYK Gulden, Constance, Germany. RP Sachs, G (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Heath Care Syst, Bldg 113,Room 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK17294, DK40615, DK41301] NR 58 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 14 IS 11 BP 1383 EP 1401 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00837.x PG 19 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 373EB UT WOS:000165274500001 PM 11069309 ER PT J AU Horrigan, B Lukoff, D AF Horrigan, B Lukoff, D TI David Lukoff, PhD - The importance of spirituality in mental health SO ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Saybrook Grad Sch & Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Horrigan, B (reprint author), InnoVision Commun, 101 Columbia, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU INNOVISION COMMUNICATIONS PI ALISO VIEJO PA 101 COLUMBIA, ALISO VIEJO, CA 92656 USA SN 1078-6791 J9 ALTERN THER HEALTH M JI Altern. Ther. Health Med. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 6 IS 6 BP 80 EP 87 PG 8 WC Integrative & Complementary Medicine SC Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 371AD UT WOS:000165154700016 ER PT J AU Call, SA Heudebert, G Saag, M Wilcox, CM AF Call, SA Heudebert, G Saag, M Wilcox, CM TI The changing etiology of chronic diarrhea in HIV-infected patients with CD4 cell counts less than 200 cells/mm(3) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 12-14, 1998 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DIFFICILE-ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PNEUMOCYSTIS-CARINII PNEUMONIA; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; DECLINING MORBIDITY; RISK-FACTORS; AIDS; DISCONTINUATION AB PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and causes of chronic diarrhea in patients with AIDS over a period of time that included the pre-HAART (highly:active antiretroviral therapy) era and the introduction of HAART. METHODS: The study cohort was comprised of patients receiving primary care at a university-associated outpatient HIV clinic from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 1997. Patients were identified retrospectively through a clinical database and were included in the study if their diarrhea had persisted for longer than two weeks and their CD4 cell count at time of symptoms was <200 cells/mm(3). Further data were obtained by chart review. RESULTS: Over the 36-month period, the occurrence of chronic diarrhea did not change significantly, ranging from 8 to 10.5% per year in patients with CD4 cell counts <200 cells/mm(3). The percentage of patients diagnosed with opportunistic infectious etiologies decreased over the three-year period from 53% (1995) to 13% (1997). The percentage of patients diagnosed with noninfectious causes increased from 32% to 70% over this same time period. CONCLUSIONS: Over the three years of the study, the incidence of chronic diarrhea in AIDS patients in our clinic did not change. The etiologies of diarrhea did change significantly, with an increased incidence of noninfectious causes and a:decreased incidence of opportunistic infectious causes. This shift in etiologies coincides with the introduction and increased use of HAART in our clinic population (1996). (C) 2000 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology). C1 Univ Alabama, Div Infect Dis, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Wilcox, CM (reprint author), UAB, GI Div, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 28 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 95 IS 11 BP 3142 EP 3146 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 371NZ UT WOS:000165186200022 PM 11095332 ER PT J AU Yueh, B AF Yueh, B TI Digital hearing aids SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Washington, Dept Otolaryngol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Surg Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Yueh, B (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Box 356515, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Yueh, Bevan/0000-0003-1380-1053 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 126 IS 11 BP 1394 EP 1397 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 373HQ UT WOS:000165283600017 PM 11074842 ER PT J AU Szymusiak, R Alam, N McGinty, D AF Szymusiak, R Alam, N McGinty, D TI Discharge patterns of neurons in cholinergic regions of the basal forebrain during waking and sleep SO BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE basal forebrain; hypothalamus sleep; arousal; acetylcholine; adenosine; GABA ID LONG-TERM ENHANCEMENT; EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP; NUCLEUS BASALIS; DIAGONAL BAND; CORTICAL ACETYLCHOLINE; SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; AUDITORY-CORTEX; SUBSTANTIA INNOMINATA; SENSORY STIMULATION AB A subset of neurons recorded in the magnocellular basal forebrain (mBF) of cats and rats exhibit elevated discharge rates during waking and REM sleep, and diminished discharge during sleep with cortical EEG synchrony (nonREM sleep). This pattern is observed in mBF neurons in cats with identified ascending projections, and in neurons located in cholinergic regions of the rat mBF. However, the cholinergic versus noncholinergic nature of recorded cells could not be determined with the extracellular recording method employed. During waking, discharge of mBF neurons is strongly movement-related. Peak discharge rates occur during a variety of head and limb movements. Discharge rates during waking immobility are reduced by >50% compared to rates during waking movement. The absence of movement accounts for more of the variance in discharge across the sleep-wake cycle than does the presence of cortical EEG synchronization. Several factors participate in the regulation of mBF neuronal activity across arousal states. Tonic inhibition mediated by adenosine appears to be present during both waking and sleep. In some mBF neurons, increased GABAergic inhibition contributes to nonREM sleep-related reductions in discharge rate. Fluctuations in mBF cell activity during waking behaviors may reflect changing excitatory input from neurons in the pontine and midbrain tegmentum. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv 151A3, North Hills, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Szymusiak, R (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv 151A3, 16111 Plummer St, North Hills, CA 91343 USA. EM rszym@ucal.edu NR 79 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-4328 J9 BEHAV BRAIN RES JI Behav. Brain Res. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 115 IS 2 BP 171 EP 182 DI 10.1016/S0166-4328(00)00257-6 PG 12 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 357GF UT WOS:000089489600005 PM 11000419 ER PT J AU Morrison, AR Sanford, LD Ross, RJ AF Morrison, AR Sanford, LD Ross, RJ TI The amygdala: A critical modulator of sensory influence on sleep SO BIOLOGICAL SIGNALS AND RECEPTORS LA English DT Article DE sleep; amygdala; rapid-eye-movement sleep; ponto-geniculo-occipital waves; fear conditioning; serotonin ID EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP; FREELY BEHAVING RATS; ELICITED PGO WAVES; PARADOXICAL SLEEP; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; BASAL FOREBRAIN; LOCUS-COERULEUS; CENTRAL NUCLEUS; UNIT-ACTIVITY; BRAIN-STEM AB The influence of external stimuli and the memories of both unpleasant and pleasant conditions clearly can have a considerable impact on the quality of sleep. The amygdala, a structure that plays an important role in coding the emotional significance of stimuli and is heavily interconnected with brainstem nuclei known to be involved in sleep control, has received little attention from sleep researchers. We report on a series of studies, focusing on its central nucleus (Ace), Presence of serotonin (5-HT) in Ace caused a rapid change of state when injected in rapid-eye-movement sleep (REM) compared with non-REM (NREM) injections. A 5-HT antagonist released ponto-geniculo-occipital waves (PGO) into NREM. Stimuli conditioned by pairing with aversive stimuli in a fear-conditioning paradigm significantly increased sound-elicited PGO and reduced REM, Copyright (C) 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Biol Anim, Lab Study Brain Sheep, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Morrison, AR (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Biol Anim, Lab Study Brain Sheep, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH42903]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS35281] NR 55 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-4933 J9 BIOL SIGNAL RECEPT JI Biol. Signal Recept. PD NOV-DEC PY 2000 VL 9 IS 6 BP 283 EP 296 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 365GQ UT WOS:000089943300002 PM 11025335 ER PT J AU Akasheh, MS Freytes, CO Vesole, DH AF Akasheh, MS Freytes, CO Vesole, DH TI Melphalan-associated pulmonary toxicity following high-dose therapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation SO BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE melphalan-associated pulmonary toxicity; cyclophosphamide-associated pulmonary toxicity; diffuse interstitial pneumonitis; high-dose therapy; autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant ID CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE AB Melphalan can rarely cause interstitial pneumonitis and fibrosis, Although it has been reported previously in patients after conventional doses, we report four cases developing diffuse interstitial pneumonitis (DIP) after high-dose melphalan-based therapy. In a 3-year period, four of 57 (7%) consecutive patients undergoing high-dose melphalan (200 mg/m(2); MEL 200) were identified with DIP. Two patients who were heavily pre-treated with alkylators developed progressive respiratory failure despite high-dose steroids and eventually died. The other two patients previously treated with vincristine, adriamycin, and dexamethasone (VAD) improved dramatically on high-dose steroids with complete resolution of their pneumonitis. Melphalan should be added to the growing list of alkylators causing pulmonary toxicity. C1 Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Univ Texas, Ctr Hlth, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantat Program, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Vesole, DH (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0268-3369 J9 BONE MARROW TRANSPL JI Bone Marrow Transplant. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 26 IS 10 BP 1107 EP 1109 DI 10.1038/sj.bmt.1702664 PG 3 WC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA 375ZA UT WOS:000165432300013 PM 11108311 ER PT J AU Heng, MCY Song, MK Harker, J Heng, MK AF Heng, MCY Song, MK Harker, J Heng, MK TI Drug-induced suppression of phosphorylase kinase activity correlates with resolution of psoriasis as assessed by clinical, histological and immunohistochemical parameters SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE calcipotriol; cell migration; cell proliferation; curcumin; phosphorylase kinase; psoriasis ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; CALMODULIN LEVELS; CELL-CYCLE; CATALYTIC DOMAIN; PLAQUE-FORMATION; DNA-SYNTHESIS; FACTOR-ALPHA; T-CELLS; EXPRESSION; EPIDERMIS AB Background Phosphorylase kinase (PhK), also known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-phosphorylase b phosphotransferase, integrates multiple calcium/calmodulin-dependent signalling pathways, including those involved in cell migration and cell proliferation, while coupling these pathways to glycogenolysis and ATP-dependent phosphorylation, thus ensuring continuing energy supply for these activities. Objectives Our laboratory recently reported correlation of elevated PhK activity with psoriatic activity. This study further evaluates the significance of drug-induced suppression of PhK activity on psoriatic activity. Patients and methods PhK activity was assayed in four groups, each with 10 patients: (i) active untreated psoriasis; (ii) resolving psoriasis treated by calcipotriol (Dovonex(R), Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, U.S.A.), a vitamin D-3 analogue and an indirect inhibitor of PhK; (iii) curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a selective PhK inhibitor; and (iv) 10 normal non-psoriatic subjects. Results PhK activity in units mg(-1) protein was highest in active untreated psoriasis (1204 +/- 804.3; mean +/- SD), lower in the calcipotriol-treated group (550.7 +/- 192.9), lower in curcumin-treated group (207.2 +/- 97.6), and lowest in normal skin (105.4 +/- 44.6). One-way analysis of variance performed on log-transformed PhK activity measure showed significant differences among the four groups, F-3,F-36 = 48.79, P < 0.0001. Decreased PhK activity in curcumin-and calcipotriol-treated psoriasis was associated with corresponding decreases in keratinocyte transferrin receptor (TRR) expression, severity of parakeratosis and density of epidermal CD8+ T cells. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that drug-induced suppression of PhK activity is associated with resolution of psoriatic activity as assessed by clinical, histological and immunohistochemical criteria, and support the hypothesis that effective antipsoriatic activity may be achieved through modulation of PhK activity. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, San Fernando Valley Program, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst Sepulveda, Dept Med,Div Dermatol, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, San Fernando Valley Program, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst Sepulveda, Dept Med,Div Cardiol, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. RP Heng, MCY (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, San Fernando Valley Program, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst Sepulveda, Dept Med,Div Dermatol, 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 63 TC 67 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-0963 J9 BRIT J DERMATOL JI Br. J. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 143 IS 5 BP 937 EP 949 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03767.x PG 13 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 375KF UT WOS:000165397700006 PM 11069500 ER PT J AU Liu, XB Masago, R Kong, L Zhang, BX Masago, S Vela-Roch, N Katz, MS Yeh, CK Zhang, GH Talal, N Dang, H AF Liu, XB Masago, R Kong, L Zhang, BX Masago, S Vela-Roch, N Katz, MS Yeh, CK Zhang, GH Talal, N Dang, H TI G-protein signaling abnormalities mediated by CD95 in salivary epithelial cells SO CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION LA English DT Article DE Sjogren's syndrome; signal transduction; CD95; Bcl-2 ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; T-LYMPHOCYTES; FAS ANTIGEN; ACIDIC SPHINGOMYELINASE; SURFACE ANTIGEN; ACINAR-CELLS; APOPTOSIS; DEATH; ACTIVATION AB Salivary epithelial cells from patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS) undergo Fas-mediated apoptosis. Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL are apoptosis suppressing oncogenes, Very little is known about the role of these oncogene molecules in salivary epithelial cells. To investigate the possible prevention of salivary glandular destruction in SS by Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, stable transfectants expressing these molecules were made from HSY cells, a human salivary epithelial cell line. HSY cells were transfected with an expression vector for human Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL. Stable transfectants were selected and apoptosis was induced by anti-fas antibody. Apoptosis was quantified by propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometry, Caspase activity was detected by immunohistochemical analysis and enzyme cleavage of DEVD-AMC, a fluorescent substrate. Response to carbachol, a muscarinic receptor agonist, and EGF was measured by Ca2+ mobilization and influx. Fas-mediated apoptosis was significantly inhibited in Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL transfectants compared to wild-type and control transfectants (empty vector). Surprisingly, caspase activity was not inhibited in Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL transfectants. Activation of the Fas pathway in the Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL transfectants by antibody also inhibited carbachol and EGF responsiveness (i.e., Ca2+ mobilization and/or influx) by 50-60%, This Fas-mediated inhibition of cell activation was partially or completely restored by specific peptide interference of caspase enzyme activity. The prevention of Fas-mediated apoptosis by the overexpression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL in salivary gland epithelial cells results in injured cells expressing caspase activity and unable to respond normally to receptor agonists, Such damaged cells may exist in SS patients and could explain the severe dryness out of proportion to the actual number of apoptotic cells seen on salivary gland biopsy. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Dent Diagnost Sci, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Educ & Clin Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Res Serv, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Med, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Dang, H (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7874, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE12188, DE10863, DE12203, DE90270] NR 53 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1350-9047 J9 CELL DEATH DIFFER JI Cell Death Differ. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 7 IS 11 BP 1119 EP 1126 DI 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400745 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 374NW UT WOS:000165352100015 PM 11139286 ER PT J AU Grinn, DR Chandy, D Almenoff, PL Schilero, G Lesser, M AF Grinn, DR Chandy, D Almenoff, PL Schilero, G Lesser, M TI Airway hyperreactivity in subjects with tetraplegia is associated with reduced baseline airway caliber SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE airway hyperresponsiveness; bronchoprovocation; pulmonary function; spinal cord injury ID SPINAL-CORD INJURY; HEALTHY NONSMOKING ADULTS; LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; BRONCHIAL RESPONSIVENESS; IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE; GENERAL-POPULATION; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; LUNG-VOLUMES; METHACHOLINE AB Objectives: We administered aerosolized histamine to 32 subjects with tetraplegia to determine whether there were differences in spirometric and/or lung volume parameters between responders and nonresponders. Results: Baseline pulmonary function parameters revealed mild to moderate restrictive dysfunction. We found that 25 subjects (78%) were hyperreactive to histamine (mean provocative concentration of a substance causing a 20% fall in FEV1 [PC20], 1.77 mg/mL). Responders (PC20, < 8 mg/mL) had significantly lower values for forced expiratory flow between 25% and 79% of the outflow curve (FEF25-75), FEF25-75 percent predicted, and FEF25-75/FVC ratio. Among all 32 subjects, the natural logarithmic transformation performed on PC20 values (lnPC(20)) correlated with FEF25-75 percent predicted, FEV1 percent predicted, and FEF25-75/FVC ratio but not with FVC percent predicted. Responders with PC20 values < 2 mg/mL (n = 13) had significantly reduced values for FVC, FVC percent predicted, FEV1, and FEV1 percent predicted compared to those with PC20 values between 2 mg/mL and 8 mg/mL. In addition, among responders, there was a significant correlation between lnPC(20) and FVC percent predicted. A. significant relationship was found between maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) and both FEV1 percent predicted and FEF25-75 percent predicted, but not between lnPC(20) and either PImax or maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that subjects with tetraplegia who exhibit airway hyperreactivity (AHR) have reduced baseline airway caliber and that lower values for lnPC(20) are associated with parallel reductions in surrogate spirometric indexes of airway size (FEV1 percent predicted and FEF25-75 percent predicted) and airway size relative to lung size (FEF25-75/FVC ratio). The absence of an association between lnPC(20) and FVC percent predicted for the entire group or between lnPC(20) and either PImax or PEmax indicates that reduced lung volumes secondary to respiratory muscle weakness cannot explain the mechanism(s) underlying AHR. Among responders, however, a possible role for reduction in lung volume, as it pertains to increasing AHR, cannot be excluded. Proposed mechanisms for reduced baseline airway caliber relative to lung size in subjects with tetraplegia include unopposed parasympathetic activity secondary to the loss of sympathetic innervation to the lungs and/or the inability to stretch airway smooth muscle with deep inhalation. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm Crit Care Med Sect, Bronx, NY USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. RP Lesser, M (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm Sect, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD NOV PY 2000 VL 118 IS 5 BP 1397 EP 1404 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 373JV UT WOS:000165286600028 ER PT J AU Ma, HJ Sjak-Shie, NN Vescio, RA Kaminsky, M Mikail, A Pold, M Parker, K Beksac, M Belson, D Moss, TJ Wu, CH Zhou, J Zhang, L Chen, G Said, JW Berenson, JR AF Ma, HJ Sjak-Shie, NN Vescio, RA Kaminsky, M Mikail, A Pold, M Parker, K Beksac, M Belson, D Moss, TJ Wu, CH Zhou, J Zhang, L Chen, G Said, JW Berenson, JR TI Human herpesvirus 8 open reading frame 26 and open reading frame 65 sequences from multiple myeloma patients: A shared pattern not found in Kaposi's sarcoma or primary effusion lymphoma SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID VIRAL CAPSID ANTIGEN; DNA-SEQUENCES; STRAIN VARIABILITY; DENDRITIC CELLS; HUMAN-HERPESVIRUS-8; INFECTION; HHV-8; ANTIBODIES; IDENTIFICATION; LESIONS AB Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), multicentric Castleman's disease, and recently multiple myeloma (MM), DNA sequence analyses of HHV-8 suggest that multiple HHV-8 strains exist. We extracted DNA from 24 patients with MM and 3 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and compared HHV-8 open reading frames (ORFs) 26 and 65 sequences with those derived from patients with KS, PEL, and two HHV-8-positive PEL cell lines KS-1 and BC-1, ORF26 sequence data suggest that MR I patients are consistently carriers of HHV-8 strain subtype C3, All MM patients also consistently revealed either a single bp deletion or substitution at position 112197 in ORF65, This unique alteration is not present in patients with KS or PEL or in PEL cell lines. It occurs in the portion of ORF65 that is known to be responsible for a serological response to HHV-8. C1 Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Pathol, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Ibni Sina Hosp, Dept Hematol, Ankara, Turkey. BIS Labs, Reseda, CA USA. RP Berenson, JR (reprint author), Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Myeloma Program, Beverly Modular 1,Room 120,8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. RI Beksac, Meral/D-6411-2013 NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 6 IS 11 BP 4226 EP 4233 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 374LX UT WOS:000165347600009 PM 11106236 ER PT J AU Graybill, JR Sobel, J AF Graybill, JR Sobel, J TI The role of lumbar puncture in the management of elevated intracranial pressure in patients with AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis - Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp Div, Infect Dis Sect 111F, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. RP Graybill, JR (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp Div, Infect Dis Sect 111F, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 31 IS 5 BP 1310 EP 1311 DI 10.1086/317438 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 380LY UT WOS:000165704400040 ER PT J AU Lin, YE AF Lin, YE TI Ionization failure not due to resistance SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID COPPER-SILVER IONIZATION; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; WATER; SYSTEMS; IONS C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Lin, YE (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Infect Dis Sect 2A 137, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 31 IS 5 BP 1315 EP 1316 DI 10.1086/317431 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 380LY UT WOS:000165704400046 PM 11073780 ER PT J AU Feinstein, AR Heinemann, LAJ Dalessio, D Fox, JM Goldstein, J Haag, G Ladewig, D O'Brien, CP AF Feinstein, AR Heinemann, LAJ Dalessio, D Fox, JM Goldstein, J Haag, G Ladewig, D O'Brien, CP CA Ad Hoc Review Comm TI Do caffeine-containing analgesics promote dependence? A review and evaluation SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID DOUBLE-BLIND; PHYSICAL-DEPENDENCE; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; CEREBRAL METABOLISM; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; COFFEE-DRINKERS; HEADACHE PAIN; WITHDRAWAL; MOOD AB Objective: Debates about the suspected association between kidney disease and use of analgesics have led to concern about whether caffeine could stimulate an undesirable overuse of phenacetin-free combined analgesics. A committee was asked to critically review the pertinent literature and to suggest guides for clinical practice and for consideration of international regulatory authorities. Participants: A group of international scientists, jointly selected by the regulatory authorities of Germany, Switzerland, and Austria and the pharmaceutical industry. Evidence: All invited experts evaluated relevant literature and reports and added further information and comments. Conclusions Caffeine has a synergistic effectiveness with analgesics. Although caffeine has a dependence potential, the potential is low. Experimental data regarding dependence potential for caffeine alone may not correspond to the conditions in patients with pain. Withdrawal is not likely to cause stimulation or sustainment of analgesic intake. For drug-induced headache, no single or combined analgesic was consistently identified as causative, and no evidence exists for a special role of caffeine. Strong dependence behavior was observed only in patients using phenacetin-containing preparations, coformulated with antipyretics/analgesics and caffeine. This finding may have led to the impression that caffeine stimulates overuse of analgesics, Summary: Although more experimental and long-term data would be desirable to show possible mechanisms of dependence and to offer unequivocal proof of safety, the committee concluded that the available evidence does not support the claim that analgesics coformulated with caffeine, in the absence of phenacetin, stimulate or sustain overuse. C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. ZEG, Ctr Epidemiol & Hlth Res, Berlin, Germany. Scripps Clin & Res Fdn, Div Neurol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Univ Saar, Fac Theoret Med, Frankfurt, Germany. Merz & Co GmbH & Co, Frankfurt, Germany. San Francisco Clin Res Ctr, SF Headache Clin, San Francisco, CA USA. Elztal Klin, Basel, Switzerland. Elzach Oberprechtal, Basel, Switzerland. Univ Basel, Psychiat Klin, Basel, Switzerland. Univ Penn, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Feinstein, AR (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, 333 Cedar St,Room I,456 SHM, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. NR 122 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 68 IS 5 BP 457 EP 467 DI 10.1067/mcp.2000.110974 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 377TY UT WOS:000165543400001 PM 11103748 ER PT J AU Lark, RL Chenoweth, C Saint, S Zemencuk, JK Lipsky, BA Plorde, JJ AF Lark, RL Chenoweth, C Saint, S Zemencuk, JK Lipsky, BA Plorde, JJ TI Four year prospective evaluation of nosocomial bacteremia: epidemiology, microbiology, and patient outcome SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETERS; ATTRIBUTABLE MORTALITY; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE; COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; EXCESS LENGTH; 500 EPISODES; CULTURES; CANDIDEMIA AB A prospective study of all patients with clinically significant nosocomial bacteremia at one institution from 1994 to 1997 was performed to: (1) describe the epidemiology and microbiology of nosocomial bacteremias; (2) determine the crude mortality associated with such infections; and (3) identify independent predictors of mortality. Four hundred four episodes of bacteremia occurred in 322 patients; the crude in-hospital mortality was 31%. Coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, and enterococci were the leading pathogens, and intravascular catheters were the mast frequently identified source. The highest mortality occurred in patients with candidemia (67%). Independent predictors of mortality included evidence of shock at the time of infection, acquisition of bacteremia in an intensive care unit, a ''Do Not Attempt Resuscitation" order, and the presence of certain comorbid conditions (e.g., malignancy, HIV infection). Because many of these infections may be preventable, education of health care providers and strict adherence to established infection control practices are critical. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Infect Control & Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Div Gen Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Ann Arbor VA Hlth Serv, Res & Dev & Field Program, Ctr Practice Management & Outcomes Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Chenoweth, C (reprint author), Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Div Infect Dis, 1500 E Med Ctr Dr,3116 TC, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Andrade, Hugo/M-6631-2013 OI Andrade, Hugo/0000-0001-6781-6125; Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114 NR 26 TC 53 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 2000 VL 38 IS 3 BP 131 EP 140 DI 10.1016/S0732-8893(00)00192-9 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 383VD UT WOS:000165903000001 PM 11109010 ER EF