FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Noffsinger, D Haskell, GB Larson, VD Williams, DW Wilson, E Plunkett, S Kenworthy, D AF Noffsinger, D Haskell, GB Larson, VD Williams, DW Wilson, E Plunkett, S Kenworthy, D TI Quality rating test of hearing aid benefit in the NIDCD/VA Clinical Trial SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article ID SPEECH-INTELLIGIBILITY; SUBJECTIVE JUDGMENTS; COMPRESSION; LOUDNESS; CIRCUITS; STIMULI; CLARITY AB Objective: As part of a large clinical trial that compared three hearing aid circuits using several evaluation methods, judgments about quality of listening experiences were sought from all subjects. Three dimensions were examined: loudness, noise interference and overall liking (quality). Design: Eight Audiology units in VA Medical Centers participated. Three hearing aid circuits were compared: linear peak clipper, compression limiter, and wide dynamic range compressor. The experimental design was a three-period, three-treatment crossover design. Baseline measures were made using a battery of tests in unaided conditions. Subjects (N = 360) were then stratified by participating site and randomized to one of six sequences of the three hearing aid circuits. Each circuit was fit bin-aurally and all subjects used each of the three circuits for 3 mo. All outcome measures were administered in unaided and aided conditions after each 3-mo period. The study used a double-blind strategy, i.e., neither the audiologist giving the tests nor the subject, knew which circuit was being used. A different audiologist programmed the devices. Results: For loudness judgments, soft and loud presentations of speech in quiet and in babble competition were judged more comfortable via the wide dynamic range circuit. The noise interference tasks and overall liking of the listening experience showed few significant differences across circuits. All circuits made the listening experience more comfortably loud for soft and conversation-level speech. Conclusions. Differences across circuits in terms of the overall quality of the listening experience and how noise interference was rated were small. Only isolated conditions, usually favoring the WDRC circuit, reached significance levels. The loudness dimension results were clearer. The WDRC circuit made sounds at either the loud or soft extreme more comfortable. When subjects were grouped by amount and configuration of hearing loss, the advantages for the WDRC and to a lesser extent the linear compression-limited circuit were clearest among subjects with mild hearing losses with a >10 dB/octave high-frequency drop, and those with moderate, relatively flat hearing losses. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Htlh Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA Hines Cooperat Studies Program, Hines, IL USA. VA Med Ctr, Iowa City, IA USA. VA Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. VA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Noffsinger, D (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Htlh Care Syst, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 4 BP 291 EP 300 DI 10.1097/01.AUD.0000027410.88315.D0 PG 10 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 586CN UT WOS:000177566400004 PM 12195171 ER PT J AU Haskell, GB Noffsinger, D Larson, VD Williams, DW Dobie, RA Rogers, JL AF Haskell, GB Noffsinger, D Larson, VD Williams, DW Dobie, RA Rogers, JL TI Subjective measures of hearing aid benefit in the NIDCD/VA Clinical Trial SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article AB Objective. Subjective measures of performance were assessed on three different hearing aid circuits as part of a large clinical trial. These measurements included the Profile of Hearing Aid Performance and a subjective ranking of individual preference. Design: A multi-center, double-masked clinical trial of hearing aids was conducted at eight VA Medical Centers. Three hearing aid circuits, a linear peak-clipper, a linear compression limiter and a wide dynamic range compressor, were investigated. The experimental design was a three-period, three-treatment crossover design. Subjects (N = 360) were stratified by site and randomized to one of six sequences for the hearing aid circuits. All fittings were binaural and involved a 3-mo trial with each of the three circuits. All subjective measures were administered for unaided and aided conditions at the end of each trial period. Results: While all of the circuits resulted in improved scores on the aided versus the unaided PHAP, there were few conditions in which one circuit outperformed the others. An exception was the aversiveness of sound subscale where the peak clipper frequently scored worse than either the compression limiter or the wide dynamic range compressor. In the subjective ranking scale the compression limiter received more first place rankings than the other two circuits, especially for one subgroup of patients with moderate flat hearing loss. Conclusions: All circuits were perceived as beneficial by these subjects in most situations. The peak clipper scored worse on aversiveness of sound than did the other two circuits for most subjects, while the compression limiter seemed to have a slight advantage in subjective rankings. Most subjects perceived considerable aided benefit in situations involving background noise and reverberation, situations where hearing aid benefit is often questioned. C1 VA Med Ctr, Iowa City, IA USA. VA Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Howard Leight Ind, San Diego, CA USA. VA Hines Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating Ct, Hines, IL USA. NIDCD, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Haskell, GB (reprint author), 8501 E Alameda Ave,Apt 1328, Denver, CO 80230 USA. OI dobie, robert/0000-0003-3833-1772 NR 5 TC 9 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 4 BP 301 EP 307 DI 10.1097/01.AUD.0000027404.26058.47 PG 7 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 586CN UT WOS:000177566400005 PM 12195172 ER PT J AU Watson, PA Vinson, C Nesterova, A Reusch, JEB AF Watson, PA Vinson, C Nesterova, A Reusch, JEB TI Content and activity of cAMP response element-binding protein regulate platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha content in vascular smooth muscles SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL-PROLIFERATION; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; PPAR-GAMMA; MIGRATION; PDGF; DELTA; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; TROGLITAZONE; RATS AB Experiments in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) indicate that the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), the cyclic nucleotide response element-binding protein, suppresses expression of the platelet-derived growth factor-a receptor gene (PDGFRalpha). Adenovirus-mediated expression of constitutively active CREB mutants decreases PDGFRalpha mRNA, PDGFRalpha protein, and PDGFRalpha promoter-luciferase reporter activity in cultured SMCs. Expression of dominant negative CREB protein, A-CREB, increases PDGFRalpha protein content and the PDGFRalpha-promoter activity in SMCs. Active CREB prevents activation of PDGFRalpha promoter-luciferase reporter activity by CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-delta (C/EBPdelta), shown to mediate IL-1beta stimulation of PDGFRalpha expression. Exposure of cultured SMCs to high glucose or reactive oxidant stress, which decrease CREB protein content and activity, increases PDGFRalpha protein content and promoter activity. Expression of active CREB blunts reactive oxidant stress-induced PDGFRalpha accumulation in SMCs. Loss of CREB protein in aortic walls of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes is accompanied by an increase in PDGFRalpha content. In Ob/Ob mice (which demonstrate reduced aortic wall CREB content vs. Ob/- controls), treatment with the peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma rosiglitazone increases CREB content and decreases PDGFRalpha content in the aortic wall. Thus, both in vitro and in vivo loss of CREB content and activity and subsequent accumulation of PDGFRalpha may contribute to SMC activation during diabetes. C1 Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver Res Inst, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Endocrinol, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Reusch, JEB (reprint author), Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver Res Inst, Room 9C-120,1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 4350 EAST WEST HIGHWAY SUITE 500, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4110 USA SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD AUG PY 2002 VL 143 IS 8 BP 2922 EP 2929 DI 10.1210/en.143.8.2922 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 576JC UT WOS:000176999600013 PM 12130557 ER PT J AU Suzuki, T Morita, R Sugimoto, Y Sugawara, T Bai, DS Alonso, ME Medina, MT Bailey, JN Rasmussen, A Ramos-Peek, J Cordova, S Donnadieu, FR Ochoa, A Jara-Prado, A Inazawa, J Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K AF Suzuki, T Morita, R Sugimoto, Y Sugawara, T Bai, DS Alonso, ME Medina, MT Bailey, JN Rasmussen, A Ramos-Peek, J Cordova, S Donnadieu, FR Ochoa, A Jara-Prado, A Inazawa, J Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K TI Identification and mutational analysis of candidate genes for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy on 6p11-p12: LRRC1, GCLC, KIAA0057 and CLIC5 SO EPILEPSY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE leucine-rich repeat-containing 1 gene; juvenile myoclonic epilepsy; EJM1 ID POTASSIUM CHANNEL GENE; GENERALIZED EPILEPSY; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS; FEBRILE SEIZURES; CHROMOSOME-6; LINKAGE; PROTEIN; HETEROGENEITY; LOCALIZATION; FAMILIES AB Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is one of the most frequent hereditary epilepsies characterized by myoclonic and tonic-clonic convulsions beginning at 8-20 years of age. Genetic studies have revealed four major chromosomal loci on 6p21.3, 6p11-12 6q24, and 15q14 as candidate regions harboring genes responsible for JME. Previously we reported the region on 6p11-p12 (EJM1), and here we report the identification and mutational analysis of candidate genes for EJM1. One of those is a leucine-rich repeat-containing I (LRRC1) gene that is composed of 14 exons and codes for 524 amino acid residues. In Northern analysis. 7 kb transcripts of LRRC1 gene were detected in multiple tissues, most strongly, in heart, lung. and kidney, Mutation analysis of LRRC1 gene in 20 JME patients from ten families revealed one nucleotide substitution that lead to amino acid exchange (c.577 A > G Ile193Val). This variation, however, did not co-segregate with the disease phenotype. We further performed mutational analyses of CLIC5, KIAA0057 and GCLC genes in or flank tot lie EJM1 region. These analyses did not provide an evidences that these genes are responsible for the JME phenotype. and suggested that these may not be the EJM1 gene. (C) Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Epilepsy Genet Genom Labs, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA GLAHS W Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Natl Inst Neurol & Neurosurg, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Natl Autonomous Univ, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Med Res Inst, Dept Mol Cytogenet, Tokyo, Japan. RP Delgado-Escueta, AV (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Epilepsy Genet Genom Labs, Room 3405 127B,Bldg 500,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Yamakawa, Kazuhiro/N-5050-2015; Rasmussen, Astrid/A-4878-2013 OI Rasmussen, Astrid/0000-0001-7744-2948 NR 25 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1211 J9 EPILEPSY RES JI Epilepsy Res. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 50 IS 3 BP 265 EP 275 AR PII S0920-1211(02)00052-9 DI 10.1016/S0920-1211(02)00052-9 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 593AY UT WOS:000177970100005 PM 12200217 ER PT J AU Wong, M Barlera, S Staszewsky, L Baselier, MRP Naidoo, DP Souttern, S Aknay, N Anand, I AF Wong, M Barlera, S Staszewsky, L Baselier, MRP Naidoo, DP Souttern, S Aknay, N Anand, I TI Pre-trial severity of left ventricular dysfunction in heart failure determines outcomes: Val-HeFT echocardiography study SO EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Congress of the European-Society-of-Cardiology CY AUG 31-SEP 04, 2002 CL BERLIN, GERMANY SP European Soc Cardiol C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, I-20157 Milan, Italy. Ampia Ziekenhuis, Breda, Netherlands. King Edward VII Hosp, Durban, South Africa. Wythenshawe Hosp, Manchester M23 9LT, Lancs, England. Novartis Pharmaceut Corp, E Hanover, NJ USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-668X J9 EUR HEART J JI Eur. Heart J. PD AUG-SEP PY 2002 VL 23 SU S BP 450 EP 450 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 624HB UT WOS:000179753301692 ER PT J AU Morrell, MJ Arabi, Y Zahn, BR Meyer, KC Skatrud, JB Badr, MS AF Morrell, MJ Arabi, Y Zahn, BR Meyer, KC Skatrud, JB Badr, MS TI Effect of surfactant on pharyngeal mechanics in sleeping humans: implications for sleep apnoea SO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE apnoea; breathing; human; sleep; surfactant ID UPPER AIRWAY PATENCY; PRESSURE; TENSION AB Instillation of surfactant into the pharyngeal lumen reduces the pressure required to reopen an occluded airway, and decreases the apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI). The authors hypothesised that surfactant also reduces the sleep-related increase in pharyngeal resistance. To test this hypothesis two single blind, crossover, placebo-controlled studies were performed. In protocol A seven male, asymptomatic snoring subjects were studied during sleep. Inspiratory pharyngeal resistance vas calculated from plots of airflow versus supraglottic pressure (seven breaths) before and after surfactant or saline instillation. In protocol B, in a different group of seven male subjects with sleep apnoea (AHI 15.2 (12) events.h(-1)) the effect of surfactant or saline on sleep disordered breathing vas measured, for 1 h immediately before and after surfactant or saline instillation. Surfactant decreased pharyngeal resistance calculated at peak, pressure (group mean (SD): pre versus post 83.7 (76.4) versus 49.4 (71.1) cmH(2)O.L-1.s(-1)) and significantly reduced the respiratory disturbance index (RDI pre versus post 79.7 (58.7) versus 59.6 (56.9) events.h(-1)). Saline did not decrease resistance (pre versus post 58.6 (31.1) versus 72.5 (73.4) cmH2O.L-1.s(-1)) or RDI (pre versus post 75.3 (42.4) versus 79.9 (46.1) events.h(-1)). Surfactant reduced the collapsibility of the pharynx and led to a modest reduction in respiratory disturbance index. The authors speculate that surfactant may delay occlusion by reducing the liquid "bridging" within the folded pharyngeal lining. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sleep & Ventilat Unit, Sch Med,Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Royal Brompton Hosp, London SW3 6NP, England. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit VA Med Ctr, Detroit, MI USA. RP Morrell, MJ (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sleep & Ventilat Unit, Sch Med,Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Royal Brompton Hosp, London SW3 6NP, England. NR 17 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD PI SHEFFIELD PA 146 WEST ST, STE 2.4, HUTTONS BLDG, SHEFFIELD S1 4ES, ENGLAND SN 0903-1936 J9 EUR RESPIR J JI Eur. Resp. J. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 20 IS 2 BP 451 EP 457 DI 10.1183/09031936.02.00273702 PG 7 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 587LE UT WOS:000177641400033 PM 12212981 ER PT J AU Brady, KT Sonne, SC Malcolm, RJ Randall, CL Dansky, BS Simpson, K Roberts, JS Brondino, M AF Brady, KT Sonne, SC Malcolm, RJ Randall, CL Dansky, BS Simpson, K Roberts, JS Brondino, M TI Carbamazepine in the treatment of cocaine dependence: Subtyping by affective disorder SO EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; PSYCHIATRIC-DIAGNOSIS; DEPRESSIVE-DISORDERS; FLUOXETINE TREATMENT; ANTIMANIC EFFICACY; BIPOLAR DISORDERS; ACUTE MANIA; LITHIUM; ABUSE AB Studies investigating carbamazepine (CBZ) in the treatment of cocaine dependence have been inconsistent. In this study, cocaine-dependent individuals with (n = 57) and without (n = 82) affective disorder were compared in a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Urine drug screens (UDS) and self-report of drug use were collected weekly. Affective symptoms were measured monthly, Subjects receiving CBZ attended more medication sessions (p = .03). The CBZ-treated affective group had a trend toward fewer cocaine-positive UDS (p = .08) and a significantly longer time to first cocaine use (p = .06). CBZ treatment did not have any impact on cocaine use in individuals without affective disorders. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pharm Practice, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. CB Technol, Exton, PA USA. Univ Maryland, Depmeasurement Stat & Evaluat, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Psychiat & Behav Med, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. RP Brady, KT (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Clin Trial Network, Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 109 Bee St,Room B523, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA07761] NR 57 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1064-1297 J9 EXP CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 10 IS 3 BP 276 EP 285 DI 10.1037//1064-1297.10.3.276 PG 10 WC Psychology, Biological; Psychology, Clinical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 588QJ UT WOS:000177711900012 PM 12233988 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R Machicado, GA Gralnek, IM Savides, TJ Smith, J Jensen, ME Alofaituli, G Gornbein, J AF Jensen, DM Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R Machicado, GA Gralnek, IM Savides, TJ Smith, J Jensen, ME Alofaituli, G Gornbein, J TI Randomized trial of medical or endoscopic therapy to prevent recurrent ulcer hemorrhage in patients with adherent clots SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLEEDING PEPTIC-ULCERS; ND-YAG LASER; HEATER PROBE AB Background & Aims: Treatment of high-risk patients with nonbleeding adherent clots on ulcers is controversial. In a previous randomized trial, there was no benefit to endoscopic therapies compared with medical therapy for prevention of ulcer rebleeding. Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that patients treated with combination endoscopic therapy would have significantly lower rebleeding rates than those treated with medical therapy. Methods: In this randomized, controlled trial, 32 high-risk patients with severe ulcer hemorrhage and nonbleeding adherent clots resistant to target irrigation were randomized to medical therapy or to combination endoscopic therapy (with epinephrine injection, shaving down the clot with cold guillotining, and bipolar coagulation on the underlying stigmata). Physicians blinded to the endoscopic therapy managed all patients. Results: Patients were similar at study entry, except for older age in the medical group and lower platelet count in the endoscopic group. By hospital discharge, significantly more medically treated patients (6/17; 35.3%) than endoscopically treated patients (0/15; 0%) rebled (P = 0.011). There were no complications of endoscopic treatment. Conclusions: Combination endoscopic therapy of nonbleeding adherent clots significantly reduced early ulcer rebleeding rates in high-risk patients compared with medical therapy alone. This endoscopic treatment was safe. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Digest Dis Res Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst,CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Northridge Hosp Med Ctr, Van Nuys, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Oschner Fdn Clin, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Jensen, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Digest Dis Res Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst,CURE, Bldg 115,Room 318, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI smith, james/C-9922-2016 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK 33273, DK 41301, 1K24DK 02650] NR 20 TC 99 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD AUG PY 2002 VL 123 IS 2 BP 407 EP 413 DI 10.1053/gast.2002.34782 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 577WK UT WOS:000177085400004 PM 12145792 ER PT J AU Yamaoka, Y Kikuchi, S El-Zimaity, HMT Gutierrez, O Osato, MS Graham, DY AF Yamaoka, Y Kikuchi, S El-Zimaity, HMT Gutierrez, O Osato, MS Graham, DY TI Importance of Helicobacter pylori oipA in clinical presentation, gastric inflammation, and mucosal interleukin 8 production SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIGEN-BINDING ADHESIN; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; INCREASED RISK; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND; CAGA STATUS; INFECTION; VACA; GENE; ICEA; GENOTYPES AB Background & Aims: Disease-associated virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori may not be independent of one another. The aim was to determine which H. pylori virulence factor(s) was the most important predictor of severity of gastric inflammation or clinical outcome. Metho : cag Pathogenicity island (PAI), vacA, babA2, and iceA status were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). oipA functionality was based on switch status determined by PCR-based sequencing. A backward stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to determine which factor(s) was the most discriminating for clinical outcome as well as the relationship to mucosal histology (H. pylori density, neutrophil infiltration, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric atrophy) and mucosal interleukin 8 (IL-8) production. Results: H. pylori were obtained from 247 patients (86 with gastritis, 86 with duodenal ulcer, and 75 with gastric carcinoma). Although oipA status was closely linked to specific cag PAI, vacA, and babA2 genotypes, only oipA status remained in the final model to discriminate duodenal ulcer from gastritis (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 5 and 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1-11.9). Among the factors, only a functional oipA was significantly associated with high H. pylori density, severe neutrophil infiltration, and high mucosal IL-8 levels (P < 0.001). oipA status had no relationship to gastric atrophic changes. Conclusions: oipA functional status was related to clinical presentation, H. pylori density, and gastric inflammation. cag PAI, babA2, or vacA status appear important only as surrogate markers for a functional oipA gene. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Aichi Med Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Aichi, Japan. Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Med, Bogota, Colombia. RP Yamaoka, Y (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK53659, DK56338] NR 40 TC 182 Z9 196 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD AUG PY 2002 VL 123 IS 2 BP 414 EP 424 DI 10.1053/gast.2002.34781 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 577WK UT WOS:000177085400005 PM 12145793 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Kunik, M Richardson, P Rabeneck, L AF El-Serag, HB Kunik, M Richardson, P Rabeneck, L TI Psychiatric disorders among veterans with hepatitis C infection SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; VIRUS-INFECTION; MENTAL-DISORDERS; HIV-INFECTION; RISK; PREVALENCE; AFFAIRS; INTERFERON; DEPRESSION; RECORDS AB Background & Aims: The presence of psychiatric, drug-, and alcohol-use disorders in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients may influence their management and prognosis. The frequency and the risk for these disorders among HCV-infected patients are unknown. Methods: We identified all HCV-infected veteran patients who were hospitalized during 1992-1999 and searched the inpatient and outpatient computerized files for pre-defined psychiatric, drug-, and/or alcohol-use disorders. We then performed a case-control study among Vietnam veterans; controls without HCV were randomly chosen from hospitalized patients. Results: We identified 33,824 HCV-infected patients, in whom 86.4% had at least one past or present psychiatric, drug-, or alcohol-use disorder recorded. However, only 31% had active disorders as defined by hospitalization to psychiatric,or drug-detoxification bed sections. There were 22,341 HCV-infected patients from the Vietnam period of service (cases) who were compared with 43,267 patients without HCV (controls). Cases were more likely to have depressive disorders (49.5% vs. 39.1%), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (33.5% vs. 24.5%), psychosis (23.7% vs. 20.9%), bipolar disorder (16.0% vs. 12.6%), anxiety disorders (40.8% vs. 32.9%), alcohol (77.6% vs. 45.0%), and drug-use disorders (69.4% vs. 31.1%). In multivariable regression analyses that adjust for age, sex, and ethnicity, drug use, alcohol-use, depression, PTSD, and anxiety remained strongly associated with HCV. Conclusions: Several psychiatric, drug-, and alcohol-use disorders are commonly found among HCV-infected veterans compared with those who are not infected. At least one third of these patients have active disorders. A multidisciplinary approach to the management of HCV-infected patients is needed. C1 Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr 152, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, Gastroenterol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr 152, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1 K24 DKK 59318-01] NR 33 TC 134 Z9 137 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD AUG PY 2002 VL 123 IS 2 BP 476 EP 482 DI 10.1053/gast.2002.34750 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 577WK UT WOS:000177085400012 PM 12145801 ER PT J AU Tornatore, JB Grant, LA AF Tornatore, JB Grant, LA TI Burden among family caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease in nursing homes SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE dementia; family caregiver; stress; nursing home; special care unit ID SPECIAL CARE-UNITS; MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS; INFORMAL CAREGIVERS; DEMENTIA SUFFERERS; GENDER DIFFERENCES; PREDICTORS; OUTCOMES; PLACEMENT; HEALTH; POPULATION AB Purpose: This article examines family caregiver burden after placement of a relative with Alzheimer's disease or a related dementia in a nursing home. Design and Methods: A systems-oriented contextual approach was used to study burden in 276 family caregivers. Results: SAS PROC MIXED analysis showed burden to be associated with caregiver age, length of time involved in caregiving, custodial units, involvement in hands-on care, and expectations for care. Implications: The findings suggest that more services aimed at relieving caregiver burden after nursing home placement may be warranted, particularly so for caregivers who are older and for those who had a shorter length of involvement in direct caregiving before institutionalization. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Carlson Sch Management, Dept Healthcare Management, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Tornatore, JB (reprint author), Screen Inc, 8071-2 8th Ave S, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM j.tornatore@attbi.com FU NIA NIH HHS [RFA AG-91-06] NR 58 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD AUG PY 2002 VL 42 IS 4 BP 497 EP 506 PG 10 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 580DE UT WOS:000177218800007 PM 12145377 ER PT J AU Locher, JL Burgio, KL Goode, PS Roth, DL Rodriguez, E AF Locher, JL Burgio, KL Goode, PS Roth, DL Rodriguez, E TI Effects of age and causal attribution to aging on health-related behaviors associated with urinary incontinence in older women SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE treatment-seeking; self-management; self-treatment ID TREATMENT-SEEKING; COMMUNITY; SYMPTOMS; CARE; PREVALENCE; PEOPLE; SERVICES; ADULTS; COHORT AB Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of age and patients' attribution of incontinence to aging on health-related behaviors associated with incontinence. Design and Methods: Participants in this study were 74 women who either sought treatment for urinary incontinence at a multidisciplinary continence program or volunteered for a randomized clinical trial of behavioral and drug therapy for incontinence. As part of their clinical evaluation, women were interviewed about how they managed their incontinence and their perceptions of what had caused the condition. Self-management of incontinence was defined as behaviors used to cope with incontinence, rather than treat or cure incontinence. Self-treatment was defined as self-implementation of Kegel exercises, and formal treatment was defined as interaction with a health care provider. Results: Over half of the respondents attributed their incontinence to aging. In multivariate analyses, age was associated with self-management of incontinence, but not self-treatment or formal treatment. In contrast, attribution of incontinence to aging was associated with self-management and self-treatment of incontinence. There was also a trend for attribution of incontinence to aging to be associated with formal treatment for incontinence. Women who attributed their incontinence to aging were less likely to have engaged in self-management strategies and to have received a previous evaluation or treatment; but, they were more likely to have engaged in self-treatment for incontinence. When other relevant variables were added to the regression models, perception that incontinence restricted one's activities became the most significant predictor of performing self-management strategies and performing Kegel exercises. Implications: Attribution to aging may be an impediment to seeking treatment. Education to promote understanding of the actual causes and treatment of urinary incontinence may encourage people to seek appropriate intervention. Additionally, whereas attribution to aging is an important factor contributing to health-related behaviors, other factors, such as perception that one's activities are restricted, may play an important role. C1 Univ Alabama, Ctr Aging, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Sociol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Psychol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Div Geriatr Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Locher, JL (reprint author), CH19,Room 201 N,1530 3rd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [K01 AG000994, K01AG00994, R01 AG008010-11, R01AG08010] NR 44 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 4 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD AUG PY 2002 VL 42 IS 4 BP 515 EP 521 PG 7 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 580DE UT WOS:000177218800009 PM 12145379 ER PT J AU Rubenstein, LV Parker, LE Meredith, LS Altschuler, A dePillis, E Hernandez, J Gordon, NP AF Rubenstein, LV Parker, LE Meredith, LS Altschuler, A dePillis, E Hernandez, J Gordon, NP TI Understanding team-based quality improvement for depression in primary care SO HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE quality improvement; depression; primary care; health care provider teams ID MANAGED PRIMARY-CARE; HEALTH-CARE; COLLABORATIVE MANAGEMENT; MAJOR DEPRESSION; IMPACT; OUTCOMES; ILLNESS; TRIAL AB Objective. To assess the impacts of the characteristics of quality improvement (QI) teams and their environments on team success in designing and implementing high quality, enduring depression care improvement programs in primary care (PC) practices. Study Setting/Data Sources. Two nonprofit managed care organizations sponsored five QI teams tasked with improving care for depression in large PC practices. Data on characteristics of the teams and their environments is from observer process notes, national expert ratings, administrative data, and interviews. Study Design. Comparative formative evaluation of the quality and duration of implementation of the depression improvement programs developed by Central Teams (CTs) emphasizing expert design and Local Teams (LTs) emphasizing participatory local clinician design, and of the effects of additional team and environmental factors on each type of team. Both types of teams depended upon local clinicians for implementation. Principal Findings. The CT intervention program designs were more evidence-based than those of LTs. Expert team leadership, support from local practice management, and support from local mental health specialists strongly influenced the development of successful team programs. The CTs and LTs were equally successful when these conditions could be met, but CTs were more successful than LTs in less supportive environments. Conclusions. The LT approach to QI for depression requires high local support and expertise from primary care and mental health clinicians. The CT approach is more likely to succeed than the LT approach when local practice conditions are not optimal. C1 RAND Corp, Hlth Program, Santa Monica, CA 90401 USA. Va Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. Univ Hawaii, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. Quintiles Transat Inc, E Business Prod & Serv, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Rubenstein, LV (reprint author), RAND Corp, Hlth Program, 1700 Main St, Santa Monica, CA 90401 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [U01-MH50732] NR 28 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD OX4 1JF, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0017-9124 J9 HEALTH SERV RES JI Health Serv. Res. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1009 EP 1029 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2002.63.x PG 21 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 591PQ UT WOS:000177889800012 PM 12236381 ER PT J AU Zou, LL Yotnda, T Zhao, TJ Yuan, XQ Long, Y Zhou, HS Yang, KY AF Zou, LL Yotnda, T Zhao, TJ Yuan, XQ Long, Y Zhou, HS Yang, KY TI Reduced inflammatory reactions to the inoculation of helper-dependent adenoviral vectors in traumatically injured rat brain SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE adenovirus; helper-dependent; transgene; immune response; brain; trauma ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; LECITHINIZED SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; CONTROLLED CORTICAL IMPACT; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MEDIATED GENE-TRANSFER; LONG-TERM EXPRESSION; IN-VIVO; FACTOR-ALPHA; RECOMBINANT ADENOVIRUS AB Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes delayed neuronal deficits that in principle could be prevented by timely intervention with therapeutic genes. However. appropriate vectors for gene transfer to the brain with TBI remain to be developed. First-generation adenoviruses (fgAd) are usually associated with inflammatory and toxic effects when inoculated into brains, despite their high efficiency of gene transfer to these tissues. In this study the authors attempted to determine whether a less immunogenic gene-transfer protocol can be established in the traumatically injured rat brain using helper-dependent adenoviruses (hdAd), a novel adenoviral construct with full deletion of viral coding sequences. Their results show that transgene expression from intrahippocampally inoculated hdAd is maintained for at least 2 months after TBI, in contrast to the much shorter duration of fgAd-mediated gene expression. There was only minimal secretion of proinflammatory IL-1beta and TNF-alpha after inoculation of hdAd. Furthermore, the hdAd-mediated gene expression was associated with less microglial proliferation. astrocytic activation, and macrophage infiltration than observed in fgAd-inoculated brains. There was no additional tissue loss after hdAd inoculation compared with PBS injection. Although both anti-adenoviral and neutralizing antibodies were found in serum after brain inoculation of hdAd, they did not appear to affect transgene expression. The results suggest that hdAd are less immunogenic vectors than conventional adenoviral vectors. and offer improved vehicles for long-term therapeutic transgene transfer to traumatically injured brains. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurosurg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Ctr Cell & Gene Therapy, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurol Care Line, Houston, TX USA. RP Yang, KY (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurosurg, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [R01-NS35502-03] NR 67 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-678X J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 22 IS 8 BP 959 EP 970 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 579PL UT WOS:000177187000007 PM 12172381 ER PT J AU Mittan, D Lee, S Miller, E Perez, RC Basler, JW Bruder, JM AF Mittan, D Lee, S Miller, E Perez, RC Basler, JW Bruder, JM TI Bone loss following hypogonadism in men with prostate cancer treated with GnRH analogs SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID ANDROGEN-DEPRIVATION THERAPY; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; MINERAL DENSITY; BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS; OSTEOPOROSIS; ORCHIECTOMY; CARCINOMA; TURNOVER; METASTASES; MENOPAUSE AB It is known that bone mineral density (BMD) is low in men who are hypogonadal. However, the rate and sites of bone loss following testosterone deficiency are not known. The resulting hypogonadism after GnRH analog therapy for the treatment of prostate cancer allows us to examine bone loss and bone resorption immediately after testosterone withdrawal. Therefore, we examined the effects of GnRH analog treatment on bone loss and bone resorption in men with prostate cancer. BMD and serum and urine concentrations of markers of bone turnover were determined in men with prostate cancer and in age-matched controls. Measurements were taken before GnRH therapy and 6 and 12 months after instituting therapy. After 12 months of GnRH therapy, the BMD of the total hip and ultra distal radius decreased significantly (P < 0.001) in men with prostate cancer compared with the controls. The mean bone loss was 3.3% and 5.3%, respectively. The observed reduction in BMD in the spine (2.8%) and the femoral neck (2.3%) did not reach statistical significance. No significant bone loss was observed in the control subjects. The concentration of the urine marker of bone resorption, N-telopeptide, was significantly increased from baseline and from controls at both 6 and 12 months in patients treated with GnRH analog therapy compared with control subjects (P < 0.05). The concentration of a serum marker of bone formation, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, was not significantly different from baseline or from controls at 6 and 12 months. Thus, the decreased total hip and ultra distal radius BMI) and increased urinary N-telopeptide concentration after testosterone withdrawal demonstrate an increase in trabecular bone loss and enhanced bone resorption. These findings demonstrate a significant loss of bone in men with prostate cancer after receiving GnRH therapy and suggest that the total hip and radius are the preferred sites for monitoring bone loss in older men. In addition, markers of bone resorption may be helpful. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Endocrinol, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Res & Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Bruder, JM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Endocrinol, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM bruder@uthscsa.edu NR 29 TC 150 Z9 157 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 87 IS 8 BP 3656 EP 3661 DI 10.1210/jc.87.8.3656 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 581HG UT WOS:000177285400022 PM 12161491 ER PT J AU Lupien, SJ Wilkinson, CW Briere, S Kin, NMKNY Meaney, MJ Nair, NPV AF Lupien, SJ Wilkinson, CW Briere, S Kin, NMKNY Meaney, MJ Nair, NPV TI Acute modulation of aged human memory by pharmacological manipulation of glucocorticoids SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; CA1 PYRAMIDAL NEURONS; MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; HIPPOCAMPAL ATROPHY; CORTISOL-LEVELS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; IN-VIVO; BRAIN; STRESS AB In a previous longitudinal study of basal cortisol levels and cognitive function in humans, we showed that elderly humans with 4- to 7-yr cumulative exposure to high levels of cortisol present memory impairments, compared with elderly humans with moderate cortisol levels over years. Here, we measured whether memory performance in two groups of elderly humans separated on the basis of their cortisol history over a 5-yr period could be modulated by a hormone-replacement protocol in which we inhibited cortisol secretion by the administration of metyrapone and then restored baseline cortisol levels by infusion of hydrocortisone. We showed that in elderly subjects with a 5-yr history of moderate cortisol levels (n = 8), metyrapone treatment significantly impaired memory performance, a deficit that was reversed following hydrocortisone replacement. In the elderly subjects with a 5-yr history of high cortisol levels and current memory deficits (n = 9), metyrapone treatment did not have any significant effect on memory performance, but hydrocortisone treatment significantly decreased delayed memory. These results suggest that memory function in elderly humans can be intensely modulated by pharmacological manipulation of glucocorticoids, although the direction of these effects depends on the cortisol history of each individual. C1 McGill Univ, Douglas Hosp, Res Ctr,Dept Psychiat, Lab Human Psychoneuroendocrine Res, Verdun, PQ H4H 1R3, Canada. Montreal Geriatr Inst, Montreal, PQ H3W 1W5, Canada. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Lupien, SJ (reprint author), McGill Univ, Douglas Hosp, Res Ctr,Dept Psychiat, Lab Human Psychoneuroendocrine Res, 6875 Lasalle Blvd, Verdun, PQ H4H 1R3, Canada. EM lupson@douglas.mcgill.ca NR 56 TC 61 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 87 IS 8 BP 3798 EP 3807 DI 10.1210/jc.87.8.3798 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 581HG UT WOS:000177285400044 PM 12161513 ER PT J AU Foy, DW Ruzek, JI Glynn, SM Riney, SJ Gusman, FD AF Foy, DW Ruzek, JI Glynn, SM Riney, SJ Gusman, FD TI Trauma focus group therapy for combat-related PTSD: An update SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE combat-related PTSD; exposure therapy manualized treatment; group therapy; relapse prevention; cognitive restructuring; coping skills ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; EXPOSURE AB Individual cognitive-behavioral therapy involving directed exposure to memories of traumatic events has been found to be effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder. In this article, we present updated information on an alternative group form of exposure therapy: manualized trauma-focus group therapy (TFGT), designed as an efficient means of conducting directed exposure, We describe the cognitive-behavioral and developmental models from which the approach was derived, present an overview of session topics and a case illustration, provide guidelines for referring individuals to TFGT, and offer suggestions for future research, (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Pepperdine Univ, Grad Sch Educ & Psychol, Encino, CA 91436 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Foy, DW (reprint author), Pepperdine Univ, Grad Sch Educ & Psychol, 16830 Ventura Blvd,Suite 200, Encino, CA 91436 USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-9762 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOL JI J. Clin. Psychol. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 58 IS 8 BP 907 EP 918 DI 10.1002/jclp.10066 PG 12 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 576QX UT WOS:000177017400004 PM 12115714 ER PT J AU Casarett, D Karlawish, J Asch, DA AF Casarett, D Karlawish, J Asch, DA TI Paying hypertension research subjects - Fair compensation or undue inducement? SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE research ethics; informed consent; inducement; hypertension AB CONTEXT: Cash payments are often used to compensate subjects who participate in research. However, ethicists have argued that these payments might constitute an undue inducement. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether potential subjects agree with theoretical arguments that a payment could be an undue inducement. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Survey of 350 prospective jurors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Belief that a $500 payment for research participation would Impair their own, and others' ability to think carefully about the risks and benefits of a clinical trial. RESULTS: Two hundred sixty-one jurors (74.6%) believed that a $500 payment would impair subjects' ability to think carefully about the risks and benefits of research. Ninety-six of 120 (80%) expressed this concern about subjects with a low Income (<$20,000) compared to 92/117 (79%) of those with a middle income ($20,000 to $50,000). and 73/113 (65%) with a high Income (>$50,000). In contrast, only 69 (19.7%) of jurors believed that a $500 payment would influence them. Jurors who believed that this payment would Influence them reported lower Incomes and less education. CONCLUSION: Members of the general public share ethical concerns about the Influence of payments for research, although they believe that these concerns are more applicable to others than to themselves. C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Dept Med, Div Geriatr,Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Casarett, D (reprint author), Inst Aging, 3615 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 17 IS 8 BP 650 EP 652 PG 3 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 587YX UT WOS:000177672900011 PM 12213148 ER PT J AU Small, GW AF Small, GW TI Brain-imaging surrogate markers for detection and prevention of age-related memory loss SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; apolipoprotein E; positron emission tomography; cerebral glucose metabolism; functional magnetic resonance imaging; genetic risk ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; E TYPE-4 ALLELE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; SENSORY STIMULATION; RISK; ACTIVATION; METABOLISM; SIZE AB Recent evidence points to the importance of neuropathological and cognitive changes preceding Alzheimer's disease (AD), and clinical trials have begun to focus on preventive treatments designed to slow age-related cognitive decline and delay the onset of AD in people with age-associated memory impairment (AAMI). Studying subjects with few deficits leads to diagnostic heterogeneity and a need for larger samples in order to detect active drug effects. In this report, I review results of recent studies designed to address such issues. Middle-aged and older adults with mild memory complaints were studied using brain imaging and measures of the major known genetic risk for AD, the apolipoprotein E-4 (APOE-4) allele. In a study of positron emission tomography during mental rest, glucose metabolic rates were significantly lower in APOE-4 carriers in brain regions affected by AD. Another study using functional magnetic resonance imaging showed increased brain activation during memory tasks in APOE-4 carriers in similar brain regions. Longitudinal follow-up after 2 yr indicated the potential utility of such brain-imaging measures, combined with genetic-risk information, as surrogate markers in treatment trials for AAMI to prevent further cognitive decline. Current development focuses on novel technologies using positron emission tomography to directly image the neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of AD in order to provide more specific measures of disease progression in future clinical trials. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Ctr Aging, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Small, GW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123, AG13308]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH52453] NR 28 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 7 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0895-8696 J9 J MOL NEUROSCI JI J. Mol. Neurosci. PD AUG-OCT PY 2002 VL 19 IS 1-2 BP 17 EP 21 DI 10.1007/s12031-002-0005-7 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 590AJ UT WOS:000177794700004 PM 12212776 ER PT J AU Benmansour, S Owens, WA Cecchi, M Morilak, DA Frazer, A AF Benmansour, S Owens, WA Cecchi, M Morilak, DA Frazer, A TI Serotonin clearance in vivo is altered to a greater extent by antidepressant-induced downregulation of the serotonin transporter than by acute blockade of this transporter SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE serotonin transporter; antidepressant; sertraline; chronoamperometry; downregulation; mRNA ID EXTRACELLULAR SEROTONIN; RAT-BRAIN; IN-VIVO; REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; MESSENGER-RNA; DOPAMINE; FLUOXETINE; RELEASE; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE; DESENSITIZATION AB Serotonin uptake, mediated by the serotonin transporter (SERT), is blocked acutely by antidepressants such as the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), but such blockade does not correlate temporally with the onset of therapeutic improvement. Treatment with SSRIs for 21 d induced downregulation of the SERT (Benmansour et al., 1999). The time course of SERT downregulation as well as the time course for its recovery after cessation of treatment with the SSRI sertraline were investigated using tritiated cyanoimipramine to measure SERT binding sites. To determine if there was a temporal correlation between the time when sertraline induced downregulation of the SERT and when marked alteration in SERT function occurred, clearance of locally applied 5-HT into the CA3 region of hippocampus was achieved using in vivo electrochemistry. After 4 or 10 d treatment with sertraline, SERT binding sites decreased very little (15-30%), and the chronoamperometric signals for serotonin in sertraline-treated rats were comparable with ones obtained in control animals. By contrast, after 15 d of treatment, when SERT binding sites were markedly reduced by 80%, there was robust decrease in the clearance of 5-HT. Moreover, the functional consequences of SERT downregulation as measured by chronoamperometry were significantly greater than those seen after acute blockade of the SERT by SSRIs. SERT binding sites decreases are not a consequence of reduced SERT gene expression, as revealed by in situ hybridization measurements. SSRI-induced downregulation of the SERT may be a key component for the clinical response to SSRIs. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Benmansour, S (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH57001, MH53851] NR 42 TC 123 Z9 123 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD AUG 1 PY 2002 VL 22 IS 15 BP 6766 EP 6772 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 579MV UT WOS:000177182700052 PM 12151556 ER PT J AU Starr, PA Christine, CW Theodosopoulos, PV Lindsey, N Byrd, D Mosley, A Marks, WJ AF Starr, PA Christine, CW Theodosopoulos, PV Lindsey, N Byrd, D Mosley, A Marks, WJ TI Implantation of deep brain stimulators into the subthalamic nucleus: technical approach and magnetic resonance imaging-verified lead locations SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE subthalamic nucleus; deep brain stimulation; Parkinson disease; microelectrode recording; magnetic resonance imaging; surgical approach ID ADVANCED PARKINSONS-DISEASE; CHRONIC ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; VENTRALIS INTERMEDIUS NUCLEUS; GLOBUS-PALLIDUS; MOVEMENT-DISORDERS; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA; LOCALIZATION; THALAMUS; PRIMATE; ELECTRODES AB Object. Chronic deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a procedure that is rapidly gaining acceptance for the treatment of symptoms in patients with Parkinson disease (PD), but there are few detailed descriptions of the surgical procedure itself. The authors present the technical approach used to implant 76 stimulators into the STNS of patients with PD and the lead locations, which were verified on postoperative magnetic resonance (MR) images. Methods. Implantation procedures were performed with the aid of stereotactic MR imaging, microelectrode recording (MER) in the region of the stereotactic target to define the motor area of the STN, and intraoperative test stimulation to assess the thresholds for stimulation-induced adverse effects. All patients underwent postoperative MR imaging, which was performed using volumetric gradient-echo and T-2-weighted fast-spin echo techniques, computational reformatting of the MR image into standard anatomical planes, and quantitative measurements of lead location with respect to the midcommissural point and the red nucleus. Lead locations were statistically correlated with physiological data obtained during MER and intraoperative test stimulation. Conclusions. The authors' approach to implantation of DBS leads into the STN was associated with consistent lead placement in the dorsolateral STN, a low rate of morbidity, efficient use of operating room time, and robust improvement in motor function. The mean coordinates of the middle of the electrode array, measured on postoperative MR images, were 11.6 mm lateral, 2.9 mm posterior, and 4.7 mm inferior to the midcommissural point, and 6.5 mm lateral and 3.5 mm anterior to the center of the red nucleus. Voltage thresholds for several types of stimulation-induced adverse effects were predictive of lead location. Technical nuances of the surgery are described in detail. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Nursing, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Nursing, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Starr, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol Surg, Moffitt Hosp 779, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 57 TC 278 Z9 286 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA UNIV VIRGINIA, 1224 WEST MAIN ST, STE 450, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0022-3085 J9 J NEUROSURG JI J. Neurosurg. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 97 IS 2 BP 370 EP 387 DI 10.3171/jns.2002.97.2.0370 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 582LP UT WOS:000177352700019 PM 12186466 ER PT J AU Bovasso, GB Alterman, AI Cacciola, JS Rutherford, MJ AF Bovasso, GB Alterman, AI Cacciola, JS Rutherford, MJ TI The prediction of violent and nonviolent criminal behavior in a methadone maintenance population SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS LA English DT Article ID ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY-DISORDER; OBJECT RELATIONS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; DSM-IV; EMPATHY; SCHIZOPHRENIA; RECIDIVISM; VALIDITY AB The utility of traits associated with Antisocial Personality Disorder in making risk assessments of violent and nonviolent crimes was examined in 254 subjects sampled from a methadone maintenance population. A factor analysis of a number of baseline measures resulted in five factors measuring hostility, insecure attachment, impaired reality testing, antisocial personality, and empathy. These factors were used in logistic regression analysis to predict charges for violent and nonviolent crimes over a 2-year period. Individuals with high scores on the antisocial personality factor had an increased risk of both violent and nonviolent criminal charges. Individuals with low scores on the empathy factor were at high risk for violent crimes. In an analysis using the factor components rather than the factors, the measures of perspective-taking and asocialization were associated with violent criminal charges, and the measure of psychopathy, but not antisocial behavior, was associated with nonviolent criminal charges. The results support the use of measures of personality traits in addition to measures of a history of antisocial behavior in making violence risk assessments in substance-dependent patients. The DSM construct and diagnosis of Antisocial Personality Disorder may be enhanced by greater emphasis on personality traits associated with antisocial behavior. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bovasso, GB (reprint author), 850 W Church Rd, Elkins Pk, PA 19027 USA. EM g.bovasso@worldnet.att.net FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186]; PHS HHS [D-05858] NR 42 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 2 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0885-579X J9 J PERS DISORD JI J. Pers. Disord. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4 BP 360 EP 373 DI 10.1521/pedi.16.4.360.24124 PG 14 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 589JG UT WOS:000177754700006 PM 12224128 ER PT J AU Saliba, D Schnelle, JF AF Saliba, D Schnelle, JF TI Indicators of the quality of nursing home residential care SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Geriatrics-Society CY MAY 17-21, 2000 CL NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE SP Amer Geriatr Soc DE quality; nursing home; care processes; staff; activities of daily living; preferences ID LONG-TERM-CARE; ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT; OF-LIFE; CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY; CORONARY-ANGIOGRAPHY; URINARY-INCONTINENCE; THERAPEUTIC DESIGN; SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RANDOMIZED TRIAL AB OBJECTIVES: To identify quality indicators (QIs) that can be used to measure nursing home (NH) residential care processes. DESIGN: Modified-delphi panel process to rate potential QIs that were identified through reported interviews with residents and families and through a review of the scientific literature. SETTING: Meetings of panel of experts. PARTICIPANTS: A national panel of nine experts in NH care rated potential QIs. A content expert and a clinical oversight committee performed external reviews. MEASUREMENTS: Panelists' median validity and importance ratings for each QI choice. RESULTS: The panel considered 64 choices for QI content and rated 28 of these as valid and important for measuring residential care quality. These 28 choices translated into 18 QIs. The external review process resulted in the addition of one QI that was not considered by the NH panel. The 19 indicators address areas identified as important by residents and proxies. Ten of these QIs were rated feasible to implement with current resources in average community NHs, and nine were rated feasible only in better NHs. The panelists identified nine as being measured most reliably by direct observations of care. CONCLUSION: Experts identified 19 specific care processes as valid and important measures of the quality of NH residential care. Nine of these QIs may be measured best by direct observation of NH care, rather than by interviews or review of existing NH records. Almost half of the QIs were viewed as discriminating between better and average NHs. The panel deemed that only well-staffed nursing homes could consistently implement nine of the QIs. C1 RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90401 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Multicampus Program Geriatr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Borun Ctr Gerontol Res, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Saliba, D (reprint author), RAND Corp, 1700 Main St, Santa Monica, CA 90401 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10415] NR 86 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 50 IS 8 BP 1421 EP 1430 DI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50366.x PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 580VD UT WOS:000177256200016 PM 12165001 ER PT J AU Moses, AV Jarvis, MA Raggo, C Bell, YC Ruhl, R Luukkonen, BGM Griffith, DJ Wait, CL Druker, BJ Heinrich, MC Nelson, JA Fruh, K AF Moses, AV Jarvis, MA Raggo, C Bell, YC Ruhl, R Luukkonen, BGM Griffith, DJ Wait, CL Druker, BJ Heinrich, MC Nelson, JA Fruh, K TI Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-induced upregulation of the c-kit proto-oncogene, as identified by gene expression profiling, is essential for the transformation of endothelial cells SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Review ID TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR; GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS; PRIMARY-EFFUSION LYMPHOMA; MULTICENTRIC CASTLEMANS-DISEASE; HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; GROWTH-FACTOR; SPINDLE CELLS; HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; COUPLED RECEPTOR AB Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), the most frequent malignancy afflicting AIDS patients, is characterized by spindle cell formation and vascularization. Infection with KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is consistently observed in all forms of KS. Spindle cell formation can be replicated in vitro by infection of dermal microvascular endothelial cells (DMVEC) with KSHV. To study the molecular mechanism of this transformation, we compared RNA expression profiles of KSHV-infected and mock-infected DMVEC. Induction of several protooncogenes was observed, particularly the receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit. Consistent with increased c-Kit expression, KHSV-infected DMVEC displayed enhanced proliferation in response to the c-Kit ligand, stem cell factor (SCF). Inhibition of e-Kit activity with either a pharmacological inhibitor of c-Kit (STI 571) or a dominant-negative c-Kit protein reversed SCF-dependent proliferation. Importantly, inhibition of c-Kit signal transduction reversed the KSHV-induced morphological transformation of DMVEC. Furthermore, overexpression studies showed that c-Kit was sufficient to induce spindle cell formation. Together, these data demonstrate an essential role for c-Kit in KS tumorigenesis and reveal a target for pharmacological intervention. C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Vaccine & Gene Therapy Inst, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Hematol & Med Oncol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RW Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Moses, AV (reprint author), 505 NW 185th Ave, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P51 RR000163, K01 RR000163] NR 116 TC 98 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 76 IS 16 BP 8383 EP 8399 DI 10.1128/JVI.76.16.8383.8399.2002 PG 17 WC Virology SC Virology GA 577EX UT WOS:000177049500047 PM 12134042 ER PT J AU O'Brien, MM Gonzales, R Shroyer, AL Grunwald, GK Daley, J Henderson, WG Khuri, SF Anderson, RJ AF O'Brien, MM Gonzales, R Shroyer, AL Grunwald, GK Daley, J Henderson, WG Khuri, SF Anderson, RJ TI Modest serum creatinine elevation affects adverse outcome after general surgery SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE creatinine; postoperative mortality; morbidity; surgery risk factors; preoperative assessment ID MAJOR NONCARDIAC SURGERY; AFFAIRS SURGICAL RISK; RENAL-FAILURE; CARDIAC RISK; QUALITY; CARE; ADJUSTMENT; PREDICTION; INSUFFICIENCY; POPULATION AB Background. Modest preoperative serum creatinine elevation (1.5 to 3.0 mg/dL) has been recently shown to be independently associated with morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. It is important to know if this association can be applied more broadly to general surgery cases. Methods. Multivariable logistic regression analyses of 46 risk variables in 49,081 cases from the Veterans Affairs National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, undergoing major general surgery from 10/1/96 through 9/30/98. Results. Thirty day mortality and several cardiac, respiratory, infectious and hemorrhagic morbidities were significantly (P < 0.001) higher in patients with a serum creatinine>1.5 mg/dL. With multivariable analysis, the adjusted odds ratio for mortality for patients with a serum creatinine of 1.5 to 3.0 mg/dL was 1.44 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.22 to 1.71] and for creatinine>3.0 mg/dL was 1.93 (95% CI 1.51 to 2.46). The adjusted odds ratio for morbidity (one or more postoperative complications) for patients with a serum creatinine of 1.5 to 3.0 mg/dL was 1.18 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.32) and for creatinine>3.0 mg/dL was 1.19 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.43). Further stratification and recursive partitioning of creatinine levels revealed that a serum creatinine level>1.5 mg/dL was the approximate threshold for both increased morbidity and mortality. Conclusions. Modest preoperative serum creatinine elevation (>1.5 mg/dL) is a significant predictor of risk-adjusted morbidity and mortality after general surgery. A preoperative serum creatinine of 1.5 mg/dL or higher is a readily available marker for potential adverse outcomes after general surgery. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Cardiac Res, Denver, CO USA. RP Anderson, RJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Campus Box B180,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RI Shroyer, Annie Laurie/B-8836-2016 OI Shroyer, Annie Laurie/0000-0001-6461-0623 NR 31 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 62 IS 2 BP 585 EP 592 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00486.x PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 571YK UT WOS:000176746600026 PM 12110022 ER PT J AU Livingston, EH Ko, CY AF Livingston, EH Ko, CY TI Use of the health and activities limitation index as a measure of quality of life in obesity SO OBESITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE quality of life; activity limitations; National Health Interview Survey; activities of daily living; health status ID OF-LIFE; SUBJECTS SOS; OVERWEIGHT; WEIGHT; PREVALENCE; IMPACT; HEIGHT; ADULTS AB Objective: Obesity reduces the quality of life (QOL); however, quantification of obesity's impact on QOL is cumbersome. Utility indices reduce QOL measurements to a single numerical value that can be used in the calculation of Quality-Adjusted Life-Years and the cost effectiveness for obesity treatment. The purpose of this investigation is to assess the sensitivity of the Health and Activities Limitation Index (HALex) utility index to obesity. Research Methods and Procedures: The answers to five questions regarding an individual's self-perception of his or her health status and information about limitation in daily and work activities were collected from 32,440 adults in the 1998 National Health Information Survey. Answers to the questions were scored and converted to a utility index score ranging from 0 (near-death state) to 1 (perfect health) with no limitations. Average values for indices corresponding to differing body mass indices were obtained and significance determined by ANOVA. Results: The utility index for normal weight males and females was 0.86 +/- 0.19 and fell to 0.68 +/- 0.27 for superobese males and 0.60 +/- 0.28 in superobese females. Utility indices fell linearly with increasing body mass index and were lower for respondents having obesity-related comorbid conditions known to reduce the quality of life. Discussion: There is a statistically significant decrease in the QOL with increasing obesity, slightly worse for women compared with men. The Health and Activities Limitation Index can quantitate the effect obesity and its complications have on quality of life. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Bariatr Surg Program, UCLA Gen Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Livingston, EH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Bariatr Surg Program, UCLA Gen Surg, 10833 Conte,72-215 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 23 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU NORTH AMER ASSOC STUDY OBESITY PI SILVER SPRING PA 8630 FENTON ST, SUITE 918, SILVER SPRING, MD 20910 USA SN 1071-7323 J9 OBES RES JI Obes. Res. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 10 IS 8 BP 824 EP 832 DI 10.1038/oby.2002.111 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 584JT UT WOS:000177464000015 PM 12181392 ER PT J AU Rosen, MI Rosenheck, RA Shaner, A Eckman, T Gamache, G Krebs, C AF Rosen, MI Rosenheck, RA Shaner, A Eckman, T Gamache, G Krebs, C TI Veterans who may need a payee to prevent misuse of funds for drugs SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article ID REPRESENTATIVE PAYEE; MENTAL-ILLNESS AB Objective: This study sought to determine the possible need for a payee among Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) inpatients with substance use disorders who receive public support payments. Methods: A total of 290 veterans hospitalized in VA psychiatric units completed a survey designed to identify patients who may be in need of a payee because of excessive expenditures for substances of abuse. Level 1 screening identified patients with a general likelihood of needing a payee because they received public support payments, did not have a payee, and had a substance abuse diagnosis. Level 2 screening identified level 1 patients for whom there was further evidence of need for a payee because, in addition to spending substantial amounts of money on substances of abuse, they reported either difficulty meeting basic material needs or substantial harm from substance use. Results: Of 290 patients surveyed, 78 (27 percent) met level 1 criteria. Altogether, 35 patients (45 percent of level 1 patients and 13 percent of all surveyed patients) met the more specific level 2 criteria, indicating that they were likely to be in need of a payee. As expected, veterans who met the level 2 criteria were more likely than those meeting only the level 1 criteria to have both self-rated and clinician-rated difficulties managing money. However, clinicians did not rate these veterans as more likely to benefit from a payee. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of veterans who have not been assigned a payee may need one. More effective approaches to money management in this population are needed. C1 Vet Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dual Diagnosis Treatment Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Edith Nourse Rogers Mem Vet Hosp, Bedford, MA USA. RP Rosen, MI (reprint author), Vet Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, 116A,950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 53 IS 8 BP 995 EP 1000 DI 10.1176/appi.ps.53.8.995 PG 6 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 579KL UT WOS:000177177100015 PM 12161675 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Johanson, JF AF El-Serag, HB Johanson, JF TI Risk factors for the severity of erosive esophagitis in Helicobacter pylori-negative patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE erosive esophagitis; gastroesophageal reflux disease; risk factors ID ENDOSCOPIC ASSESSMENT; HIATUS-HERNIA; SYMPTOMS; PREVALENCE; ADENOCARCINOMA; POPULATION AB Background: The risk factors for the varying grades of erosive esophagitis (EE) severity could be better understood. For that reason, we evaluated the risk factors associated with EE in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Methods: We determined the presence and severity of EE (using the Los Angeles Classification) in patients with negative serology Helicobacter pylori who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy as part of screening in four prospective, multicenter, randomized. double-blind comparative trials of once-daily esomeprazole and omeprazole for the acute healing of erosive esophagitis. We also examined the baseline characteristics of enrolled patients, and identified risk factors for severe disease using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Erosive esophagitis was documented in 6709 patients of a total of 10,294 patients who underwent endoscopy; of these, 34% had grade A, 39% had grade B, 20% had grade C, and 7% had grade D disease. The majority of patients were male (61%) and Caucasian (93%) with a mean age of 46 years. In the regression model, the following were significant independent risk factors for severe (grades C and D) versus mild erosive esophagitis (grades A and 13): severe heartburn (adjusted odds ratio 1.79); prolonged heartburn >5 years in duration (1.16); obesity (1.21); the presence of hiatus hernia (2.13); male gender (1.97); and Caucasian ethnicity (1.53). Conclusion: In this large sample of patients with predominantly H. pylori-negative gastroesophageal reflux disease, risk factors for severe erosive esophagitis were the duration and severity of heartburn, and obesity. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Gastroenterol & Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX USA. Rockford Gastroenterol Associates, Rockford, IL USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, 2002 Holcombe Blvd 152, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 22 TC 64 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS PI OSLO PA CORT ADELERSGT 17, PO BOX 2562, SOLLI, 0202 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0036-5521 J9 SCAND J GASTROENTERO JI Scand. J. Gastroenterol. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 37 IS 8 BP 899 EP 904 DI 10.1080/003655202760230847 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 591BD UT WOS:000177859100006 PM 12229963 ER PT J AU Zhou, XH AF Zhou, XH TI Inferences about population means of health care costs SO STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID ESTIMATING MEDICAL COSTS; CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; DISTRIBUTIONS; SAMPLES AB The analysis of health care costs is complicated by the skewed and heteroscedastic nature of their distribution with possibly additional zero values. Statistical methods that do not adjust for these features can lead to incorrect conclusions. This paper reviews recent developments in statistical methods for the analysis of health care costs; our focus is on population means. C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Biostat,RG 4101, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Zhou, XH (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Biostat,RG 4101, 1050 Wishard Blvd, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01MH58875] NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 0962-2802 J9 STAT METHODS MED RES JI Stat. Methods Med. Res. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 11 IS 4 BP 327 EP 339 DI 10.1191/0962280202sm290ra PG 13 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics; Statistics & Probability SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics; Mathematics GA 585WU UT WOS:000177548200004 PM 12197300 ER PT J AU Gouveia, CH Schultz, JJ Jackson, DJ Williams, GR Brent, GA AF Gouveia, CH Schultz, JJ Jackson, DJ Williams, GR Brent, GA TI Thyroid hormone gene targets in ROS 17/2.8 osteoblast like cells identified by differential display analysis SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID ENDOCHONDRAL BONE-FORMATION; MYOSIN ISOZYME TRANSITIONS; RAT-LIVER; CHONDROCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT; MESSENGER-RNA; EXPRESSION; RECEPTORS; GROWTH; NUCLEAR AB Thyroid hormone plays an important role in bone development and metabolism. We used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based mRNA differential display (DD) analysis to obtain a profile of thyroid hormone-responsive genes in osteoblast-like cells (ROS 17/2.8). ROS 17/2.8 cells were treated with 10(-8) M triiodothyronine (T-3) for 2 and 24 hours. Total RNA was isolated, reverse-transcribed, and amplified using a total of 72 combinations (2 hours) and 240 combinations (24 hours) of 5' and 3' primers. At the 2-hour time point, 1 true-positive novel clone was identified and shown to be the mitochondrial gene, subunit 6 of ATP synthase (ATPase-6). At the 24-hour time point, 3 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs were confirmed as true-positives including; nonmuscle alkali myosin light chain (NM aMLC), ATPase-6, and one novel clone. T-3-induction of ATPase-6 mRNA in ROS 17/2.8 cells was seen at 2 and 4 hours, but was maximal at 24 hours (2.1-fold). T-3 induction of ATPase-6 mRNA was increased to fourfold in ROS 17/2.8 cells cultured at a low density. NM aMLC mRNA was modestly upregulated by T-3 in ROS 17/2.8 cells by 1.4-fold, and induction was augmented at low cell density to 1.7-fold. T-3 action on NM aMLC and on the mitochondrial gene ATPase 6, represent novel targets and potential mediators of thyroid hormone action on bone. Cell type, and the extent of cell differentiation, influences T-3 regulation of genes in osteoblast-derived cells. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Mol Endocrinol Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Brent, GA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Mol Endocrinol Lab, Bldg 114,Room 230,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 89364] NR 47 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD AUG PY 2002 VL 12 IS 8 BP 663 EP 671 DI 10.1089/105072502760258631 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 586BB UT WOS:000177561300003 PM 12225634 ER PT J AU Lin, TM Ko, K Moore, RW Simanainen, U Oberley, TD Peterson, RE AF Lin, TM Ko, K Moore, RW Simanainen, U Oberley, TD Peterson, RE TI Effects of aryl hydrocarbon receptor null mutation and in utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure on prostate and seminal vesicle development in C57BL/6 mice SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 19-23, 2000 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA SP Soc Toxicol DE 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; in utero; lactational exposure; TCDD; aryl hydrocarbon receptor null mutation; AhRKO mice; prostate; seminal vesicles; gene expression; development; mice ID MALE-RATS; SECRETORY PROTEIN; AH RECEPTOR; IN-UTERO; MOUSE; EXPRESSION; INUTERO; GENE; LACKING; CLONING AB Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) null mutation and in utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure, alone and in combination, on prostate and seminal vesicle development in C57BL/6 mice. AhR heterozygous (Ahr(+/-)) mice were mated, and pregnant females were dosed orally on gestation day 13 with TCDD (5 mug/kg) or vehicle. Pups underwent necropsy on postnatal days (PNDs) 35 and 90. Comparison of vehicle-exposed AhR knockout (AhRKO;Ahr(-/-)) with wild-type (Ahr(+/+)) pups revealed that the AhR is necessary for normal dorsolateral prostate, anterior prostate, and seminal vesicle development but apparently not for ventral prostate development. In wild-type mice,in utero and lactational TCDD exposure reduced ventral prostate weight by 79-87% and mRNA expression for its major androgen-dependent secretory protein (MP25) by 99%. Yet high levels of mRNA for a secretory protein normally produced primarily by the lateral prostate (PSP94) were expressed. These effects were predominantly AhR dependent because TCDD had little if any effect in AhRKO mice. TCDD reduced dorsolateral prostate weight in wild-type but not AhRKO mice and had no significant effect on expression of mRNA for PSP94 or for probasin, a major androgen-dependent secretory protein. The PSP94 results suggest that TCDD may have caused a respecification of prostatic gene expression. TCDD reduced anterior prostate weight by more than half, and expression of mRNA for its major androgen-dependent secretory protein (renin-1) was greatly reduced. These effects were AhR dependent. Seminal vesicle weight was reduced by TCDD in wild-type mice but was increased in AhRKO mice on PND 35 and decreased on PND 90 (relative weight only). Androgen receptor mRNA levels were not significantly altered in any prostate lobe, and all organs appeared histologically normal in all groups. Serum testosterone concentrations were unchanged, and modest reductions in serum 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol concentrations could not account for the effects on sex organs. Collectively, these results indicate that the AhR signaling pathway plays a role in normal accessory sex organ development and thatin utero and lactational TCDD exposure disrupts development of these organs via spatially and perhaps temporally specific mechanisms. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Pharm, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Endocrinol Reprod Physiol Program, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Environm Toxicol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Peterson, RE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Pharm, 777 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES09090, ES01332] NR 24 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 68 IS 2 BP 479 EP 487 DI 10.1093/toxsci/68.2.479 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 580GC UT WOS:000177226000027 PM 12151645 ER PT J AU Rabkin, JM Rosen, HR Corless, CL Olyaei, AJ AF Rabkin, JM Rosen, HR Corless, CL Olyaei, AJ TI Tacrolimus is associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular complications in liver transplant recipients SO TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Congress on Immunosuppression CY DEC 06-08, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA ID MANAGEMENT; DISEASE C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Abdominal Organ Transplantat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Rabkin, JM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,L590, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0041-1345 J9 TRANSPLANT P JI Transplant. Proc. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1557 EP 1558 AR PII S0041-1345(02)03020-8 DI 10.1016/S0041-1345(02)03020-8 PG 2 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 582UN UT WOS:000177369700084 PM 12176483 ER PT J AU Cheah, WK Arici, C Ituarte, PHG Siperstein, AE Duh, QY Clark, OH AF Cheah, WK Arici, C Ituarte, PHG Siperstein, AE Duh, QY Clark, OH TI Complications of neck dissection for thyroid cancer SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Surgical Week Conference CY AUG 26-30, 2001 CL BRUSSELS, BELGIUM ID FOLLOW-UP; PAPILLARY; CARCINOMA; AUTOTRANSPLANTATION AB Prophylactic and therapeutic neck dissections are used to control or eliminate local nodal disease in patients with thyroid cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results and complications of neck dissection. From 1992 to 1999 a series of 115 consecutive neck dissections were performed in 74 patients (32 men, 42 women; mean age 48 years) with thyroid cancer and nodal metastases. Operations included central compartment, lateral modified, and suprahyoid dissection with and without total or completion thyroidectomy. Sixty-four percent of the patients had papillary, 4% follicular, and 32% medullary thyroid cancer. Complications included transient hypocalcemia (23%) defined by a postoperative serum calcium level of < 2.0 mmol/L (8.0 mg/dl), one neck hematoma (0.9%), and one cardiac death (0.9%). There were no permanent recurrent nerve palsies. Hypocalcemia occurred more frequently when neck dissection was combined with total thyroidectomy than without it (p < 0.005). In this group, the incidence of hypocalcemia was higher after central, than lateral, neck dissection. When neck dissection was performed without thyroidectomy, there was no difference in the rates of hypocalcemia between central, lateral, or central with lateral neck dissection (p = NS). Hypocalcemia did not increase with repeated neck dissections (p = NS). Permanent hypoparathyroidism occurred in 0.9%. There were no complications after suprahyoid dissection. The median duration of hospitalization was I day. Therapeutic neck dissection or repeated neck dissection can be performed relatively safely in patients with thyroid cancer. Hypocalcemia occurs most frequently, when neck dissection is combined with total thyroidectomy. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, Mt Zion Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Gen Surg, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Clark, OH (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, Mt Zion Med Ctr, 1600 Divisadero St, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 11 TC 94 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 26 IS 8 BP 1013 EP 1016 DI 10.1007/s00268-002-6670-4 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 582VN UT WOS:000177372000022 PM 12045861 ER PT J AU Syed, S Weiss, GR AF Syed, S Weiss, GR TI Management of locally advanced bladder cancer: early vs deferred chemotherapy SO WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE bladder cancer; transitional cell carcinoma; prognostic factors; chemotherapy ID TRANSITIONAL-CELL-CARCINOMA; EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; METASTATIC UROTHELIAL CANCER; P53 NUCLEAR OVEREXPRESSION; RADICAL CYSTECTOMY; NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; TUMOR PROGRESSION; PHASE-II; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; URINARY-BLADDER AB Locally advanced bladder cancer is associated with a high risk of local recurrence and distant metastases. Clinical and pathologic variables have been useful in predicting outcome in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Recently, a number of molecular prognostic markers have been identified that help predict tumor aggressiveness, response to chemotherapy, and survival. Transitional cell carcinoma is a chemosensitive tumor. The early use of chemotherapy to reduce the risk of recurrence and improve survival has been the focus of many randomized clinical trials. Unfortunately, the majority of studies have failed to show a survival advantage for chemotherapy-treated patients. Well-designed prospective trials that target high-risk patients, defined by clinical, pathological, and molecular features, and incorporate new more tolerable chemotherapeutic agents are needed to clarify the benefit of early chemotherapy. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Med Oncol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Weiss, GR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0724-4983 J9 WORLD J UROL JI World J. Urol. PD AUG PY 2002 VL 20 IS 3 BP 175 EP 182 DI 10.1007/s00345-002-0277-0 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 588CV UT WOS:000177683900006 PM 12196901 ER PT J AU Rosen, HR Marousek, G Chou, SW AF Rosen, HR Marousek, G Chou, SW TI A longitudinal analysis of T-cell epitope-coding regions of hepatitis C virus after liver transplantation SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID CHOLESTATIC HEPATITIS; RECIPIENTS; EVOLUTION; VARIANTS; RNA; RECURRENCE; INFECTION; TRACKING; DISEASE; DONORS AB Background. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver failure is the single leading indication for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) worldwide. The mechanisms that underlie the observed differences in natural history of HCV recurrence remain poorly understood. We have previously demonstrated that differential T-cell responses correlate with histologic severity after OLT. We hypothesized that amino acid substitutions within critical T-cell epitopes could lead to increased severity of HCV disease. Methods. We determined the peptide sequences from sequential serum-derived viral RNA by reverse transcription and direct polymerase chain reaction sequence analysis from 32 HCV genotype 1-infected patients with well-characterized outcomes after liver transplantation. Serum samples were analyzed for HCV sequence the day of OLT and at least one time point post-OLT. To construct evolutionary relationships among the different patient samples, phylogenetic analyses of core and NS3 sequences were performed using a matrix fed into a neighbor-joining tree algorithm. Results. The phylogenetic analyses revealed remarkable conservation within a given individual and no significant differences when comparing patients with severe versus mild recurrence. Accordingly, the synonymous mutation rate was consistently greater than the nonsynonymous substitution rate. The nine epitopic regions analyzed were also preserved so that, with the exception of one patient with mild recurrence, none of the patients demonstrated a shift in viral peptide sequence. Conclusions. HCV core and NS3 viral peptide sequences are identical before and after OLT in most patients, suggesting that the prevalent sequence is preserved in most cases, and viral variants are competent to establish infection after OLT. Although these results do not support viral mutation as a dominant pathogenic mechanism after OLT, other viral regions need to be analyzed. C1 Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Portland, OR USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Liver Transplantat &, Portland, OR USA. RP Rosen, HR (reprint author), Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, SW US Vet Hosp 3710, P3-G1, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD JUL 27 PY 2002 VL 74 IS 2 BP 209 EP 216 AR UNSP 0041-1337/02/7402-209/0 DI 10.1097/00007890-200207270-00011 PG 8 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 580CN UT WOS:000177217100011 PM 12151733 ER PT J AU Eiland, MM Ramanathan, L Gulyani, S Gilliland, M Bergmann, BM Rechtschaffen, A Siegel, JM AF Eiland, MM Ramanathan, L Gulyani, S Gilliland, M Bergmann, BM Rechtschaffen, A Siegel, JM TI Increases in amino-cupric-silver staining of the supraoptic nucleus after sleep deprivation SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; supraoptic nucleus; neuronal degeneration; amino cupric silver; disk-over-water ID DIAGONAL BAND; BODY-TEMPERATURE; NEUROHYPOPHYSEAL HORMONES; NEURONAL DEGENERATION; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; CHOLINERGIC INPUT; RAT; VASOPRESSIN; STIMULATION; NEUROENDOCRINE AB Sleep deprived rats undergo a predictable sequence of physiological changes, including changes in skin condition, increased energy expenditure, and altered thermoregulation. Amino-cupric-silver staining was used to identify sleep deprivation related changes in the brain. A significant increase in staining was observed in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus of rats with high sleep loss (>45 h) vs. their yoked controls. Follow-up experiments showed that staining was not significantly different in rats sleep deprived for less than 45 h, suggesting that injurious sleep deprivation-related processes occur above a threshold quantity of sleep loss. These anatomical changes suggest that the effects of sleep deprivation may be related to protein metabolism in certain brain regions. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science BY All rights reserved. C1 Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Siegel, JM (reprint author), Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Syst, Neurobiol Res 151A3,16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS14610]; PHS HHS [59594] NR 72 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD JUL 26 PY 2002 VL 945 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 AR PII S0006-8993(02)02448-4 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02448-4 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 580FK UT WOS:000177224300001 PM 12113945 ER PT J AU Hannun, YA Obeid, LM AF Hannun, YA Obeid, LM TI The ceramide-centric universe of lipid-mediated cell regulation: Stress encounters of the lipid kind. SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID HEREDITARY SENSORY NEUROPATHY; KINASE-C-ZETA; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; SERINE PALMITOYLTRANSFERASE; NEUTRAL SPHINGOMYELINASE; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; COMPLEX-III; KAPPA-B; SPHINGOLIPIDS; MITOCHONDRIA C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Hannun, YA (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI obeid, lina/0000-0002-0734-0847 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 87584]; NIA NIH HHS [AG 16583]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM43285, GM62887] NR 58 TC 571 Z9 597 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 19 PY 2002 VL 277 IS 29 BP 25847 EP 25850 DI 10.1074/jbc.R200008200 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 574UV UT WOS:000176908700003 PM 12011103 ER PT J AU D'Souza, I Schellenberg, GD AF D'Souza, I Schellenberg, GD TI Tau exon 10 expression involves a bipartite intron 10 regulatory sequence and weak 5 ' and 3 ' splice sites. SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PRE-MESSENGER-RNA; FAMILIAL FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS; FTDP-17 MUTATIONS; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; U1 SNRNP; GENE; CHROMOSOME-17; PARKINSONISM; PHOSPHORYLATION AB tau mutations that deregulate alternative exon 10 (E10) splicing cause frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism chromosome 17-type by several mechanisms. Previously we showed that E10 splicing involved exon splicing enhancer sequences at the Wand 3' ends of E10, an exon splicing silencer, a weak 5' splice site, and an intron splicing silencer (ISS) within intron 10 (I10). Here, we identify additional regulatory sequences in I10 using both non-neuronal and neuronal cells. The ISS sequence extends from I10 nucleotides 11-18, which is sufficient to inhibit use of a weakened 5' splice site of a heterologous exon. Furthermore, ISS function is location-independent but requires proximity to a weak 5' splice site. Thus, the ISS functions as a linear sequence. A new cis-acting element, the intron splicing modulator (ISM), was identified immediately downstream of the ISS at I10 positions 19-26. The ISM and ISS form a bipartite regulatory element, within which the ISM functions when the ISS is present, mitigating E10 repression by the ISS. Additionally, the 3' splice site of E10 is weak and requires exon splicing enhancer elements for efficient E10 inclusion. Thus far, tau FTDP-17 splicing mutations affect six predicted cis-regulatory sequences. C1 Univ Washington, Div Gerontol, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Div Geriatr Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Schellenberg, GD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Div Gerontol, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG11762] NR 48 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 19 PY 2002 VL 277 IS 29 BP 26587 EP 26599 DI 10.1074/jbc.M203794200 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 574UV UT WOS:000176908700100 PM 12000767 ER PT J AU Saint, S Lipsky, BA Goold, SD AF Saint, S Lipsky, BA Goold, SD TI Indwelling urinary catheters: A one-point restraint? SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRACT INFECTION; PHYSICAL RESTRAINTS; MEDICAL PATIENTS; BACTERIURIA; PREVALENCE C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Saint, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Patient Safety Enhancement Program, Room 7E08,300 NIB Campus Box 0429, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114; Goold, Susan Dorr/0000-0002-0258-9774 NR 21 TC 92 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUL 16 PY 2002 VL 137 IS 2 BP 125 EP 127 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 575VN UT WOS:000176969300008 PM 12118969 ER PT J AU Bonham, M Arnold, H Montgomery, B Nelson, PS AF Bonham, M Arnold, H Montgomery, B Nelson, PS TI Molecular effects of the herbal compound PC-SPES: Identification of activity pathways in prostate carcinoma SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; CANCER-CELLS; IN-VITRO; EXPRESSION; PROLIFERATION; MODULATION; INDUCTION; APOPTOSIS; LINES AB Clinical trials of the herbal preparation PC-SPES have demonstrated substantial responses in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Biochemical assays and clinical observations suggest that the effects of PC-SPES are mediated at least in part through estrogenic activity, although the mechanism(s) remains largely undefined. In this study, we used cDNA microarray analysis to identify gene expression changes in LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells exposed to PC-SPES and estrogenic agents including diethylstilbestrol. PC-SPES altered the expression of 156 genes after 24 h of exposure. Of particular interest, transcripts encoding cell cycle-regulatory proteins, alpha- and beta-tubulins, and the androgen receptor were down-regulated by PC-SPES. A comparison of gene expression profiles resulting from these treatments indicates that PC-SPES exhibits activities distinct from those attributable to diethylstilbestrol and suggests that alterations in specific genes involved in modulating the cell cycle, cell structure, and androgen response may be responsible for PC-SPES-mediated cytotoxicity. C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Human Biol, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med & Oncol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Nelson, PS (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Human Biol, Mailstop D4-100,1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [T32 CA09437, CA75173-01A1] NR 23 TC 59 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUL 15 PY 2002 VL 62 IS 14 BP 3920 EP 3924 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 574CU UT WOS:000176871500005 PM 12124319 ER PT J AU Gemma, C Mesches, MH Sepesi, B Choo, K Holmes, DB Bickford, PC AF Gemma, C Mesches, MH Sepesi, B Choo, K Holmes, DB Bickford, PC TI Diets enriched in foods with high antioxidant activity reverse age-induced decreases in cerebellar beta-adrenergic function and increases in proinflammatory cytokines SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aging; cerebellum; cytokines; antioxidants; norepinephrine; inflammation ID RADICAL ABSORBENCY CAPACITY; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; F344 RATS; DEFICITS; ALPHA; ACQUISITION; EXPRESSION; IMPAIRMENT; ASSAY AB Antioxidants and diets supplemented with foods high in oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) reverse age-related decreases in cerebellar beta-adrenergic receptor function. We examined whether this effect was related to the antioxidant capacity of the food supplement and whether an antioxidant-rich diet reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the cerebellum. Aged male Fischer 344 rats were given apple (5 mg dry weight), spirulina (5 mg), or cucumber (5 mg) either in 0.5 ml water by oral gavage or supplied in the rat chow daily for 14 d. Electrophysiologic techniques revealed a significant decrease in beta-adrenergic receptor function in aged control rats. Spirulina reversed this effect. Apple (a food with intermediate ORAC) had an intermediate effect on cerebellar beta-adrenergic receptor physiology, and cucumber (low ORAC) had no effect, indicating that the reversal of beta-adrenergic receptor function decreases might be related to the ORAC dose. The mRNA of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and TNFbeta was also examined. RNase protection assays revealed increased levels of these cytokines in the aged cerebellum. Spirulina and apple significantly downregulated this age-related increase in proinflammatory cytokines, whereas cucumber had no effect, suggesting that one mechanism by which these diets work is by modulation of an age-related increase in inflammatory responses. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured as a marker of oxidative damage. Apple and spirulina but not cucumber decreased MDA levels in the aged rats. In summary, the improved beta-adrenergic receptor function in aged rats induced by diets rich in antioxidants is related to the ORAC dose, and these diets reduce proinflammatory cytokine levels. C1 Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Neurosurg, Ctr Aging & Brain Repair, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. James A Haley Vet Adm Med Ctr, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Bickford, PC (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Neurosurg, Ctr Aging & Brain Repair, MDC-78,12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. RI Bickford, Paula/J-5970-2012; Marion-Poll, Frederic/D-8882-2011 OI Bickford, Paula/0000-0001-9657-7725; Marion-Poll, Frederic/0000-0001-6824-0180 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG04418, AG00728] NR 29 TC 74 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD JUL 15 PY 2002 VL 22 IS 14 BP 6114 EP 6120 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 573PR UT WOS:000176840500035 PM 12122072 ER PT J AU Egger, M May, M Chene, G Phillips, AN Ledergerber, B Dabis, F Costagliola, D Monforte, AD de Wolf, F Reiss, P Lundgren, JD Justice, AC Staszewski, S Leport, C Hogg, RS Sabin, CA Gill, MJ Salzberger, B Sterne, JAC AF Egger, M May, M Chene, G Phillips, AN Ledergerber, B Dabis, F Costagliola, D Monforte, AD de Wolf, F Reiss, P Lundgren, JD Justice, AC Staszewski, S Leport, C Hogg, RS Sabin, CA Gill, MJ Salzberger, B Sterne, JAC CA ART Cohort Collaboration TI Prognosis of HIV-1-infected patients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy: a collaborative analysis of prospective studies SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; CD4 CELL COUNT; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; INTRAVENOUS-DRUG-USERS; VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE; VIRAL LOAD; CLINICAL PROGRESSION; PROTEASE INHIBITOR; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TYPE-1 RNA AB Background Insufficient data are available from single cohort studies to allow estimation of the prognosis of HIV-1 infected, treatment-naive patients who start highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The ART Cohort Collaboration, which includes 13 cohort studies from Europe and North America, was established to fill this knowledge gap. Methods We analysed data on 12 574 adult patients starting HAART with a combination of at least three drugs. Data were analysed by intention-to-continue-treatment, ignoring treatment changes and interruptions. We considered progression to a combined endpoint of a new AIDS-defining disease or death, and to death alone. The prognostic model that generalised best was a Weibull model, stratified by baseline CD4 cell count and transmission group. Findings During 24 310 person-years of follow up, 1094 patients developed AIDS or died and 344 patients died. Baseline CD4 cell count was strongly associated with the probability of progression to AIDS or death: compared with patients starting HAART with less than 50 CD4 cells/muL, adjusted hazard ratios were 0.74 (95% CI 0.62-0.89) for 50-99 cells/muL, 0.52 (0.44-0.63) for 100-199 cells/muL, 0.24 (0.20-0.30) for 200-349 cells/muL, and 0.18 (0.14-0.22) for 350 or more CD4 cells/muL. Baseline HIV-1 viral load was associated with a higher probability of progression only if 100000 copies/mL or above. Other independent predictors of poorer outcome were advanced age, infection through injection-drug use, and a previous diagnosis of AIDS. The probability of progression to AIDS or death at 3 years ranged from 3.4% (2.8-4.1) in patients in the lowest-risk stratum for each prognostic variable, to 50% (43-58) in patients in the highest-risk strata. Interpretation The CD4 cell count at initiation was the dominant prognostic factor in patients starting HAART. Our findings have important implications for clinical management and should be taken into account in future treatment guidelines. C1 Univ Bern, Dept Social & Prevent Med, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Univ Bristol, Dept Social Med, Bristol, Avon, England. Univ Victor Seglen, INSERM, U330, Bordeaux, France. UCL Royal Free & Univ Coll Med Sch, Dept Primary Care & Populat Sci, London, England. Univ Zurich, Div Infect Dis & Hosp Epidemiol, Zurich, Switzerland. Ctr Hosp Univ Pitie Salpetriere, INSERM, EMI 0214, Paris, France. Univ Milan, Inst Infect & Trop Dis, Milan, Italy. Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, HIV Monitoring Fdn, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Natl AIDS Therpay Evaluat Ctr, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sch Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England. Hvidovre Univ Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Gen Internal Med Sect, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Frankfurt, Zentrum Inneren Med, Frankfurt, Germany. Hop Bichat Claude Bernard, Serv Malad Infect & Trop, F-75877 Paris 18, France. BC Ctr Excellence HIV AIDS, Div Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Univ Calgary, Div Infect Dis, Calgary, AB, Canada. Klinikum Univ Regensburg, Innere Med Klin 1, Regensburg, Germany. RP Egger, M (reprint author), Univ Bern, Dept Social & Prevent Med, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. EM egger@ispm.unibe.ch RI ; Sabin, Caroline/C-2464-2008; Phillips, Andrew/B-4427-2008; Ledergerber, Bruno/B-5656-2009; Hogg, Robert/B-2783-2012; SHCS, all/G-4072-2011; May, Margaret/E-8099-2013; Infektiologie, USZ/A-6921-2011; SHCS, int. coll. A/G-4083-2011; chene, genevieve/H-8665-2014; Costagliola, Dominique/H-5849-2011; Gill, John/G-7083-2016 OI Hogg, Robert/0000-0003-3463-5488; Phillips, Andrew/0000-0003-2384-4807; Ledergerber, Bruno/0000-0002-6881-4401; Lundgren, Jens/0000-0001-8901-7850; May, Margaret/0000-0002-9733-1003; Costagliola, Dominique/0000-0003-0765-0869; Gill, John/0000-0002-8546-8790 FU Medical Research Council [G0100221] NR 49 TC 992 Z9 1025 U1 5 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 13 PY 2002 VL 360 IS 9327 BP 119 EP 129 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09411-4 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 573PB UT WOS:000176839100010 PM 12126821 ER PT J AU Wijelath, ES Murray, J Rahman, S Patel, Y Ishida, A Strand, K Aziz, S Cardona, C Hammond, WP Savidge, GF Rafii, S Sobel, M AF Wijelath, ES Murray, J Rahman, S Patel, Y Ishida, A Strand, K Aziz, S Cardona, C Hammond, WP Savidge, GF Rafii, S Sobel, M TI Novel vascular endothelial growth factor binding domains of fibronectin enhance vascular endothelial growth factor biological activity SO CIRCULATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE vascular endothelial growth factor; fibronectin; binding domains; integrins; endothelial cells ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; CELL-PROLIFERATION; ALPHA(V)BETA(3) INTEGRIN; FACTOR RECEPTOR-2; ANGIOGENESIS; MIGRATION; TYROSINE; VEGF; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Interactions between integrins and growth factor receptors play a critical role in the development and healing of the vasculature. This study mapped two binding domains on fibronectin (FN) that modulate the activity of the angiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Using solid-phase assays and surface plasmon resonance analysis, we identified two novel VEGF binding domains within the N- and C-terminus of the FN molecule. Native FN bound to VEGF enhanced endothelial cell migration and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activity, but FN that is devoid of the VEGF binding domains failed to do so. Coprecipitation studies confirmed a direct physical association between VEGF receptor-2 (Flk-1) and the FN integrin, a,p, which required intact FN because FN fragments lacking the VEGF binding domains failed to support receptor association. Thrombin-activated platelets released intact VEGF/FN complexes, which stimulated endothelial cell migration and could be inhibited by soluble high affinity VEGF receptor I and antibodies to alpha(5)beta(1) integrin. This study demonstrates that FN is potentially a physiological cofactor for VEGF and provides insights into mechanisms by which growth factor receptors and integrins cooperate to influence cellular behavior. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Hope Heart Inst, Dept Mol Biol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Vasc Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. St Thomas Hosp, GKT Med Sch, Coagulat Res Lab, London, England. Univ Colorado, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Denver, CO USA. Cornell Univ Med Coll, Div Hematol Oncol, New York, NY USA. RP Wijelath, ES (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way,Res Serv 151, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Rahman, Sharif/D-3229-2009 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL39903] NR 40 TC 153 Z9 158 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7330 J9 CIRC RES JI Circ.Res. PD JUL 12 PY 2002 VL 91 IS 1 BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1161/01.RES.0000026420.22406.79 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Hematology GA 575JX UT WOS:000176944100006 PM 12114318 ER PT J AU Yeni, PG Hammer, SM Carpenter, CCJ Cooper, DA Fischl, MA Gatell, JM Gazzard, BG Hirsch, MS Jacobsen, DM Katzenstein, DA Montaner, JSG Richman, DD Saag, MS Schechter, M Schooley, RT Thompson, MA Vella, S Volberding, PA AF Yeni, PG Hammer, SM Carpenter, CCJ Cooper, DA Fischl, MA Gatell, JM Gazzard, BG Hirsch, MS Jacobsen, DM Katzenstein, DA Montaner, JSG Richman, DD Saag, MS Schechter, M Schooley, RT Thompson, MA Vella, S Volberding, PA TI Antiretroviral treatment for adult HIV infection in 2002 - Updated recommendations of the international AIDS Society-USA panel SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PROTEASE INHIBITOR THERAPY; STRUCTURED TREATMENT INTERRUPTIONS; CD4 CELL COUNT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; TRIPLE-DRUG THERAPY; PLASMA VIRAL LOAD; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE AB Objective New information warrants updated recommendations for the 4 central issues in antiretroviral therapy: when to start, what drugs to start with, when to change, and what to change to. These updated recommendations are intended to guide practicing physicians actively involved in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related care. Participants In 1995, physicians with specific expertise in HIV-related basic science and clinical research, antiretroviral therapy, and HIV patient care were invited by the International AIDS Society-USA to serve on a volunteer panel. In 1999, others were invited to broaden international representation. The 17-member panel met regularly in closed meetings between its last report in 2000 and April 2002 to review current data. The effort was sponsored and funded by the International AIDS Society-USA, a not-for-profit physician education organization. Evidence and Consensus Process The full panel was convened in late 2000 and assigned 7 section committees. A section writer and 3 to 5 section committee members (each panel member served on numerous sections) identified relevant evidence and prepared draft recommendations. Basic science, clinical research, and epidemiologic data from the published literature and abstracts from recent (within 2 years) scientific conferences were considered by strength of evidence. Extrapolations from basic science data and expert opinion of the panel members were included as evidence. Draft sections were combined and circulated to the entire panel and discussed in a series of full-panel conference calls until consensus was reached. Final recommendations represent full consensus agreement of the panel. Conclusions Because of increased awareness of the activity and toxicity of current drugs, the threshold for initiation of therapy has shifted to a later time in the course of HIV disease. However, the optimal time to initiate therapy remains imprecisely defined. Availability of new drugs has broadened options for therapy initiation and management of treatment failure, which remains a difficult challenge. C1 Int AIDS Soc USA, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY 10032 USA. Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL USA. Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, Barcelona, Spain. Chelsea & Westminster Hosp, London, England. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Hop Bichat Claude Bernard, Dept Infect Dis, X Bichat Med Sch, F-75877 Paris 18, France. Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. San Diego VA Healthcare Syst, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Denver, CO USA. AIDS Res Consortium Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. Ist Super Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Yeni, PG (reprint author), Int AIDS Soc USA, 1001 B OReilly Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. RI Vella, Stefano/D-4912-2015 OI Vella, Stefano/0000-0003-2347-5984 NR 187 TC 570 Z9 580 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 10 PY 2002 VL 288 IS 2 BP 222 EP 235 DI 10.1001/jama.288.2.222 PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 571HC UT WOS:000176711100023 PM 12095387 ER PT J AU Bent, S Saint, S AF Bent, S Saint, S TI The optimal use of diagnostic testing in women with acute uncomplicated cystitis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID URINARY-TRACT INFECTION; CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RISK-FACTORS; YOUNG-WOMEN; MANAGEMENT; ASSOCIATION; BACTERIURIA; STRATEGIES; SYMPTOMS AB Acute uncomplicated cystitis is a common and costly disorder in women, and there is considerable variation in the diagnostic strategies currently used in clinical practice. Because the diagnosis of cystitis can be established in most patients using the history alone, the clinician's responsibility is to determine which patients require additional diagnostic testing. Patients with typical symptoms (i.e., dysuria, frequency, urgency, hematuria), without risk factors for complicated infection or pyelonephritis, and without a history of vaginal discharge, have a very high probability of cystitis and are appropriate candidates for empiric treatment. It is more difficult, however, to rule out infection in patients with suspected cystitis. Because the prevalence of culture-proven infection is very high in women who present with greater than or equal to 1 symptom, and because the treatment threshold for this condition is low, a urine culture is generally required to rule out infection in patients with atypical symptoms, even in the presence of a negative dipstick test. In population-based, before-and-after studies, use of diagnostic algorithms has been shown to significantly decrease the use of urinalysis, urine culture, and office visits while increasing the percentage of patients who receive recommended antibiotics. These strategies have substantially reduced the cost of managing cystitis without an increase in adverse events or a decrease in patient satisfaction. Randomized controlled trials are needed to more closely examine the outcomes, costs of care, and patient satisfaction from different diagnostic and management strategies. (C) 2002 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 San Francisco VAMC, Gen Internal Med Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Ann Arbor Vet Adm Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Field Program, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Patient Safety Enhancement Program,Hlth Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Bent, S (reprint author), San Francisco VAMC, Gen Internal Med Sect, 111-A1,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 36 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD JUL 8 PY 2002 VL 113 SU 1A BP 20S EP 28S AR PII S0002-9343(02)01056-2 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 572BV UT WOS:000176754300004 PM 12113868 ER PT J AU Goetz, MB Feikin, DR Lennox, JL O'Brien, WA Elie, CM Butler, JC Breiman, RF AF Goetz, MB Feikin, DR Lennox, JL O'Brien, WA Elie, CM Butler, JC Breiman, RF TI Viral load response to a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, polysaccharide vaccine or placebo among HIV-infected patients SO AIDS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; DOUBLE-BLIND; CONTROLLED TRIAL; IMMUNIZATION; REPLICATION; ACTIVATION; ADULTS; INDIVIDUALS; CHILDREN AB We determined the HIV viral load in 66 adults randomly assigned to receive pneumococcal immunization with one or two doses of protein conjugate vaccine, one dose of polysaccharide vaccine, one dose of each, or placebo. Second doses were given 8 weeks after the first. Mean baseline viral load and CD4 cell count were 3.41 copies/ml (log(10)) and 457 cells/mul, respectively. We found no change in viral load during 24 weeks of follow-up for any vaccine or combination of vaccines or placebo. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Grady Infect Dis Program, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. RP Goetz, MB (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Hlthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RI Lennox, Jeffrey/D-1654-2014 OI Lennox, Jeffrey/0000-0002-2064-5565; Goetz, Matthew/0000-0003-4542-992X NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUL 5 PY 2002 VL 16 IS 10 BP 1421 EP 1423 DI 10.1097/00002030-200207050-00015 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 571LX UT WOS:000176719800015 PM 12131220 ER PT J AU Rose, ME Huerbin, MB Melick, J Marion, DW Palmer, AM Schiding, JK Kochanek, PM Graham, SH AF Rose, ME Huerbin, MB Melick, J Marion, DW Palmer, AM Schiding, JK Kochanek, PM Graham, SH TI Regulation of interstitial excitatory amino acid concentrations after cortical contusion injury SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE brain microdialysis; glucose; glutamate; traumatic brain injury ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; HUMAN HEAD-INJURY; GLUTAMATE RELEASE; RAT; BW619C89; DAMAGE; ANTAGONISTS; LAMOTRIGINE; ASPARTATE; MECHANISM AB Increases in brain interstitial excitatory amino acid (EAA(1)) concentrations after ischemia are ameliorated by use-dependent Na+ channel antagonists and by supplementing interstitial glucose, but the regulation of EAA(1) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is unknown. We studied the regulation of EAA(1), after TBI using the controlled cortical impact model in rats. To monitor changes in EAA(1), microdialysis probes were placed in the cortex adjacent to the contusion and in the ipsilateral hippocampus. Significant increases in dialysate EAA, after TBI were found compared to levels measured in sham controls. Treatment with the use-dependent Na+ channel antagonist 619C89 (30 mg/kg i.v.) did not significantly decrease dialysate glutamate compared to vehicle controls in hippocampus (10.4 +/- 2.4 vs. 11.9 +/- 1.6 muM), but there was significant decrease in dialysate glutamate in cortex after 619C89 treatment (19.3 +/- 3 vs. 12.6 +/- 1.1 muM, P<0.05). Addition of 30 mM glucose to the dialysate, a treatment that decreases EAA(1) after ischemia, had no significant effect upon dialysate glutamate after TBI in cortex (20.0 +/- 4.9 vs. 11.7 +/- 3.4 μM) or in hippocampus (10.9 +/- 2.0 vs. 8.9 +/- 2.4 μM). These results suggest that neither increased release of EAAs due to Na+ channel-mediated depolarization nor failure of glutamate reuptake due to glucose deprivation can explain the majority of the increase in EAA(1) following TBI. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurosurg, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Brain Trauma Res Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Vernalis Ltd, Wokingham, England. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Graham, SH (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurol, 526 S BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI Kochanek, Patrick/D-2371-2015 OI Kochanek, Patrick/0000-0002-2627-913X FU NINDS NIH HHS [P50 NS30318] NR 27 TC 29 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD JUL 5 PY 2002 VL 943 IS 1 BP 15 EP 22 AR PII S0006-8993(02)02471-X DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02471-X PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 576TK UT WOS:000177021000003 PM 12088834 ER PT J AU Linseman, DA McClure, ML Bouchard, R Laessig, TA Ahmadi, FA Heidenreich, KA AF Linseman, DA McClure, ML Bouchard, R Laessig, TA Ahmadi, FA Heidenreich, KA TI Suppression of death receptor signaling in cerebellar Purkinje neurons protects neighboring granule neurons from apoptosis via an insulin-like growth factor I-dependent mechanism SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; CYTOCHROME-C RELEASE; CELL-DEATH; IGF-I; GENE-EXPRESSION; RAT CEREBELLUM; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; FAS LIGAND; SURVIVAL; BCL-2 AB Neuronal apoptosis contributes to the progression of neurodegenerative disease. Primary cerebellar granule neurons are an established in vitro model for investigating neuronal death. After removal of serum and depolarizing potassium, granule neurons undergo apoptosis via a mechanism that requires intrinsic (mitochondrial) death signals; however, the role of extrinsic (death receptor-mediated) signals is presently unclear. Here, we investigate involvement of death receptor signaling in granule neuron apoptosis by expressing adenoviral, AU1-tagged, dominant-negative Fas-associated death domain (Ad-AU1-DeltaFADD). Ad-AU1-DeltaFADD decreased apoptosis of granule neurons from 65 +/- 5 to 27 +/- 2% (n = 7, p < 0.01). Unexpectedly, immunocytochemical staining for AU1 revealed that <5% of granule neurons expressed DeltaFADD. In contrast, DeltaFADD was expressed in >95% of calbindin-positive Purkinje neurons (similar to2% of the cerebellar culture). Granule neurons in proximity to DeltaFADD-expressing Purkinje cells demonstrated markedly increased survival. Both granule and Purkinje neurons expressed insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptors, and DeltaFADD-mediated survival of granule neurons was inhibited by an IGF-I receptor blocking antibody. These results demonstrate that the selective suppression of death receptor signaling in Purkinje neurons is sufficient to rescue neighboring granule neurons that depend on Purkinje cell-derived IGF-I. Thus, the extrinsic death pathway has a profound but indirect effect on the survival of cerebellar granule neurons. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RP Heidenreich, KA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol C236, 4200 E Ninth Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS38619-01A1] NR 52 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 5 PY 2002 VL 277 IS 27 BP 24546 EP 24553 DI 10.1074/jbc.M201098200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 569PV UT WOS:000176611800076 PM 11964396 ER PT J AU Nemoto, S Hamawaki, M De Freitas, G Carabello, BA AF Nemoto, S Hamawaki, M De Freitas, G Carabello, BA TI Differential effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril versus the beta-adrenergic receptor blocker atenolol on hemodynamics and left ventricular contractile function in experimental mitral regurgitation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VOLUME-OVERLOAD HYPERTROPHY; HEART-FAILURE; CARDIAC-MUSCLE; WALL STRESS; DYSFUNCTION; CARDIOMYOPATHY; PERFORMANCE; THERAPY; GROWTH AB OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of anglotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and beta-adrenergic receptor blockers in experimental chronic mitral regurgitation (MR), gaining knowledge using methods difficult to apply in humans. BACKGROUND Both ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers are cornerstones in the treatment of human congestive heart failure. However, the roles of these treatments for chronic MR is unclear. METHODS Mitral regurgitation was created in 11 closed-chest dogs. Three months after the creation, the ACE inhibitor lisinopril 20 mg was given orally daily. After three months of lisinopril therapy, the beta-blocker atenolol was added to lisinopril for another three months. Atenolol was begun at a dose of 12.5 mg daily and increased gradually to 100 mg daily. Hemodynamics and left ventricular (LV) function were assessed throughout the study. RESULTS Regurgitant fraction was consistently >50% over the course of this study. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and LV end-diastolic pressure were significantly increased after three months of MR and decreased during both lisinopril and the combined therapy in which it was not different from baseline. Left ventricular contractility measured by the end-systolic stiffness constant was depressed from 3.66 +/- 0.20 to 2.65 +/- 0.12 (p < 0.05) at three months of MR and rose insignificantly after lisinopril treatment (2.99 +/- 0.17). When atenolol was added, it rose significantly and returned to normal (3.50 +/- 0.22, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although lisinopril significantly reduced preload, its effect on LV contractility was insignificant in experimental MR. Conversely, atenolol, when added to lisinopril, achieved maximum hemodynamic benefit and also restored LV contractility. (C) 2002 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Dept Cardiol, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs, Charleston, SC USA. RP Carabello, BA (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv 3, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R0-1 HL38185] NR 29 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD JUL 3 PY 2002 VL 40 IS 1 BP 149 EP 154 AR PII S0735-1097(02)01926-5 DI 10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01926-5 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 569XT UT WOS:000176628500020 PM 12103269 ER PT J AU Spertus, JA Jones, P McDonell, M Fan, V Fihn, SD AF Spertus, JA Jones, P McDonell, M Fan, V Fihn, SD TI Health status predicts long-term outcome in outpatients with coronary disease SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE mortality; coronary disease; angina; Seattle Angina Questionnaire; risk factors ID BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; ARTERY DISEASE; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; MORTALITY; IDENTIFICATION; VALIDITY; TESTS AB Background-Although patient-reported health status measures have been used as end points in clinical trials, they are rarely used in other settings. Demonstrating that they independently predict mortality and hospitalizations among Outpatients with coronary disease could emphasize their clinical value. Methods and Results-This stud evaluated the prognostic utility of the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ), a disease- specific health status measure for patients with coronary artery disease. Patients were enrolled in a prospective cohort study from 6 Veterans Affairs General Internal Medicine Clinics. All patients reporting coronary artery disease who completed a SAQ and had I year of follow-up were analyzed (n=5558). SAQ predictor variables were the physical limitation, angina stability, angina frequency, and quality-of-life scores. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality, and a secondary outcome was hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Lower SAQ scores were associated with increased risks of mortality and ACS admissions. Prognostic models controlling for demographic and clinical characteristics demonstrated significant independent mortality risk with lower SAQ physical limitation scores-, odds ratios for mild. moderate, and severe limitation were 1.5, 2.0, and 4.0 versus minimal limitation (P<0.001). Odds ratios for mild, moderate, and severe angina frequency were 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 (P=0.078). The odds ratios for ACS admission among those with mild, moderate, and severe angina frequency were 1.4, 2.0, and 2.2, respectively (P=0.016). Conclusions-SAQ scores are independently associated with 1-year mortality and ACS among outpatients with coronary disease and may serve a valuable role in the risk stratification of such patients. C1 St Lukes Hosp, Mid Amer Heart Inst, Kansas City, MO 64111 USA. Univ Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA USA. RP Spertus, JA (reprint author), St Lukes Hosp, Mid Amer Heart Inst, 4401 Wornall Rd, Kansas City, MO 64111 USA. NR 17 TC 272 Z9 278 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUL 2 PY 2002 VL 106 IS 1 BP 43 EP 49 DI 10.1161/01.CIR.0000020688.24874.90 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 573GF UT WOS:000176820400012 PM 12093768 ER PT J AU Duda, JE Giasson, BI Mahon, ME Miller, DC Golbe, LI Lee, VMY Trojanowski, JQ AF Duda, JE Giasson, BI Mahon, ME Miller, DC Golbe, LI Lee, VMY Trojanowski, JQ TI Concurrence of alpha-synuclein and tau brain pathology in the Contursi kindred SO ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE neuropathology; alpha-synuclein; Parkinson's disease; histopathology; Lewy bodies ID NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; IN-VITRO; NEUROPATHOLOGY; ANTIBODIES; MUTATION; MUTANT AB Previous genetic analysis of the familial Parkinson's disease Contursi kindred led to the identification of an Ala53Thr pathogenic mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene. We have re-examined one of the original brains from this kindred using new immunohistochemical reagents, thioflavin S staining and immunoelectron microscopy. Surprisingly, we uncovered a dense burden of alpha-synuclein neuritic pathology and rare Lewy bodies. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated fibrillar (alpha-synuclein-immunoreactive aggregates. Unexpected tau neuritic and less frequent perikaryal inclusions were also observed. Some inclusions were comprised of both proteins with almost complete spatial disparity. We suggest that it is important to recognize that the neurodegenerative process caused by the Ala53Thr mutation in alpha-synuclein is not identical to that seen in typical idiopathic Parkinson's disease brains. C1 Univ Penn, Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis Res, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Parkinsons Dis Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NYU, Dept Pathol, Div Neuropathol, Sch Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Neurol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Trojanowski, JQ (reprint author), Univ Penn, Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis Res, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Sch Med, 3rd Floor,Maloney Bldg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 14 TC 167 Z9 169 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0001-6322 J9 ACTA NEUROPATHOL JI Acta Neuropathol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 104 IS 1 BP 7 EP 11 DI 10.1007/s00401-002-0563-3 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA 569AP UT WOS:000176577400002 PM 12070658 ER PT J AU Verghese, VJ Ayub, K Qureshi, W Taupo, T Graham, DY AF Verghese, VJ Ayub, K Qureshi, W Taupo, T Graham, DY TI Low-salt bowel cleansing preparation (LoSo Prep) as preparation for colonoscopy: a pilot study SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID ORAL SODIUM-PHOSPHATE; GLYCOL-ELECTROLYTE LAVAGE; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; BARIUM ENEMA; FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPY; SERUM ELECTROLYTES; CASTOR-OIL; BISACODYL; PATIENT; SODA AB Background: Currently available colon cleansing preparations are often poorly tolerated. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of a low-volume, low-salt preparation for colonoscopy. Methods: This was a pilot study in patients scheduled for colonoscopy. The preparation consisted of 34 g of magnesium citrate and four bisacodyl tablets the day before the procedure, and one bisacodyl suppository on the morning of the procedure. Results: Twenty patients (age range, 49-81 years; all males) were entered into the study. There were no significant side-effects associated with the preparation. All rated the taste as 'tolerable or better'. The examination was considered to be adequate, with no limitations, in 17 patients (85%), and was scored as good to excellent (no solid stool) in 11 (55%), acceptable (small amounts of solid stool) in six (30%) and poor in three (15%: two in-patients and one out-patient). Importantly, two of the failures then received a standard polyethylene glycol preparation and again failed to show adequate colon preparation. Conclusions: This pilot study showed that the low-salt colon cleansing preparation was an effective alternative preparation for colonoscopy. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Graham, DY (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1327 EP 1331 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01295.x PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 577UU UT WOS:000177081200016 PM 12144583 ER PT J AU Bartels, SJ Coakley, E Oxman, TE Constantino, G Oslin, D Chen, HT Zubritsky, C Cheal, K Durai, UNB Gallo, JJ Llorente, M Sanchez, H AF Bartels, SJ Coakley, E Oxman, TE Constantino, G Oslin, D Chen, HT Zubritsky, C Cheal, K Durai, UNB Gallo, JJ Llorente, M Sanchez, H TI Suicidal and death ideation in older primary care patients with depression, anxiety, and at-risk alcohol use SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; SOCIAL SUPPORT; COMORBID ANXIETY; SEX-DIFFERENCES; DISORDERS; VALIDATION; PREVALENCE; POPULATION; INTERVIEW AB The authors identified correlates of active suicidal ideation and passive death ideation in older primary cart, patients with depression, anxiety and at-risk alcohol use. Participants included 2,240 older primary care patients (age 65+), who were identified in three mutually exclusive groups on the basis of responses to the Paykel suicide questions: No Ideation, Death Ideation, and Suicidal Ideation. Chi-square, ANOVA, and polytomous logistic regression analyses were used to identify characteristics associated with suicidal ideation. The highest amount of suicidal ideation was associated with co-occurring major depression and anxiety disorder (18%), and the lowest proportion occurred in at-risk alcohol use (3%). Asians have the highest (57%) and African Americans have the lowest (27%) proportion of suicidal or death ideation. Fewer social supports and more severe symptoms were associated with greater overall ideation. Death ideation was associated with the greatest medical comorbidity and highest service utilization. Contrary to previous report,,;, authors failed to find that active suicidal ideation was associated with increased contact,,; with healthcare providers. Accordingly, targeted assessment and preventive services should be emphasized for geriatric outpatients with co-occurring depression and anxiety social isolation, younger age, and Asian or Caucasian race. C1 Dartmouth Coll Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Lebanon, NH USA. John Snow Inc, Boston, MA USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Sunset Pk Family Hlth Ctr, Brooklyn, NY USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. VA Chicago Hlth Care Syst, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Penn, Dept Family Practice & Community Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami VA Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Miami Beach, FL USA. RP Bartels, SJ (reprint author), New Hampshire Dartmouth Psychiat Res Ctr, 2 Whipple Pl,Suite 202, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. NR 47 TC 99 Z9 101 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1064-7481 J9 AM J GERIAT PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 10 IS 4 BP 417 EP 427 DI 10.1176/appi.ajgp.10.4.417 PG 11 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 571KR UT WOS:000176717000008 PM 12095901 ER PT J AU Cook, JM Pearson, JL Thompson, R Black, BS Rabins, PV AF Cook, JM Pearson, JL Thompson, R Black, BS Rabins, PV TI Suicidality in older African Americans - Findings from the EPOCH study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HOUSING RESIDENTS; MENTAL-HEALTH-CARE; CAGE QUESTIONNAIRE; LIFE SATISFACTION; DEPRESSION; POPULATION; ALCOHOLISM; SYMPTOMS; IDEATION; PROGRAM AB The authors examined the current frequency of suicidality and associated characteristics in a sample of 835 African-American older adult residents of six urban public housing developments who consented to participate in an intervention trial of mobile outreach. The frequency of passive and active suicidal ideation was 2.5% and 1.4%, respectively Characteristics of individuals with both active and passive suicidality included elevated anxiety, social dysfunction, somatic symptoms, low social support, lack of a confidant, and low religiosity. Characteristics those with passive, but not active, ideation also included older age, lower levels of education, elevated depressive symptoms, poorer cognitive functioning, and having recently discussed emotional problems with a healthcare provider The characteristics of those reporting active, but not passive, ideation included having a history of mental health treatment and reporting no instrumental support. Multivariate analyses indicated that depression and religiosity were uniquely associated with passive suicidal ideation, and life satisfaction and religiosity were uniquely associated with active suicidal ideation. The authors discuss implications of these findings and offer suggestions for research and clinical practice. C1 Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Cook, JM (reprint author), Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, 116A,Univ & Woodland Aves, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM cook_j@mail.trc.upenn.edu RI Thompson, Richard/G-5408-2011 OI Thompson, Richard/0000-0003-0127-513X FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH P50 43703, MH 42412, MH 48673] NR 45 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1064-7481 J9 AM J GERIAT PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 10 IS 4 BP 437 EP 446 DI 10.1176/appi.ajgp.10.4.437 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 571KR UT WOS:000176717000010 PM 12095903 ER PT J AU Feil, D Chuang, K Sultzer, DL AF Feil, D Chuang, K Sultzer, DL TI Valproate-induced hyperammonemia as a cause of altered mental status SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID ACID-INDUCED HYPERAMMONEMIA; ENCEPHALOPATHY; CARNITINE; PATIENT AB The authors describe valproate-induced hyperammonemia and mental status changes in an 88-year-old man, the first known reported case in an elderly patient. They discuss this underrecognized complication of valproate use and the implications for treating elderly patients, in whom valproate use is increasing. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Geriatr Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Feil, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, 760 Westwood Plaza,Room C8-852, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1064-7481 J9 AM J GERIAT PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 10 IS 4 BP 476 EP 478 PG 3 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 571KR UT WOS:000176717000014 PM 12095907 ER PT J AU Zhou, HZ Karliner, JS Gray, MO AF Zhou, HZ Karliner, JS Gray, MO TI Moderate alcohol consumption induces sustained cardiac protection by activating PKC-epsilon and Akt SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heart; ischemia; reperfusion; ethanol; signaling ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; K-ATP CHANNELS; IN-VIVO; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; MOUSE HEART; MICE; INHIBITION; APOPTOSIS; MORTALITY AB C57BL/6 mice were fed 18% ethanol (vol/vol) in drinking water for 12 wk. Isovolumic hearts were subjected to 20 min of ischemia and 30 min of reperfusion on a Langendorff apparatus. There were no differences in baseline hemodynamic function between hearts from ethanol (EtOH)-fed mice and controls. However, prior alcohol consumption doubled recovery of left ventricular developed pressure (68 +/- 8 vs. 33 +/- 8 mmHg for controls; n = 10, P < 0.05) and reduced creatine kinase release by half (0.26 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.51 +/- 0.08 U.min(-1).g wet wt(-1) for controls; n = 10, P < 0.05). EtOH feeding doubled expression of activated protein kinase C epsilon (PKC)epsilon (n = 6, P < 0.05); whereas PKC inhibition blocked protection during ischemia-reperfusion. EtOH feeding also increased expression of Akt three- to fivefold (n = 6, P < 0.05), whereas PKC inhibition prevented increases in Akt kinase activity. We conclude that signaling pathways involving PKC-epsilon are critical for sustained EtOH-mediated cardioprotection and that Akt may be a downstream effector of resistance to myocardial reperfusion injury. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Cardiovasc Res, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Gray, MO (reprint author), San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Cardiol 5G1, 1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA-11135] NR 47 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 283 IS 1 BP H165 EP H174 DI 10.1152/ajpheart.00408.2001 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 561RL UT WOS:000176156400021 PM 12063287 ER PT J AU Natarajan, S Lipsitz, SR Nietert, PJ AF Natarajan, S Lipsitz, SR Nietert, PJ TI Self-report of high cholesterol - Determinants of validity in US adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE awareness; health surveys; hypercholesterolemia; sensitivity and specificity ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE RISK; UNITED-STATES ADULTS; EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; PLASMA-CHOLESTEROL; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; BLOOD CHOLESTEROL; DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; DECISION-MAKING; VALIDATION AB Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a major cardiovascular risk factor, and cholesterol awareness is important in both clinical practice and in public health. We evaluated the validity of self-reported hypercholesterolemia and identified determinants of validity. Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional survey, from 1988 to 1994, of adult participants (N=8236) from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for whom self-report of hypercholesterolemia and serum measurement were available. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for self-reported hypercholesterolemia were calculated using total cholesterol greater than or equal to5.17 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) and/or taking cholesterol-lowering medication as the criterion standard. Results: Overall test characteristics for self-report were sensitivity, 51%; specificity, 89%; PPV, 87%; and NPV, 55%. Sensitivity of self-report was higher among older subjects and non-Hispanic whites, specificity was higher among subjects with >12 years of education, PPV was higher in older subjects, and NPV was higher in younger subjects and in those with >12 years of education. Using higher cholesterol thresholds to define hypercholesterolemia led to higher sensitivity, lower specificity, lower PPV, and higher NPV. Sociodemographic and anthropometric predictors of validity were identified by logistic regression. Conclusions: Due to low sensitivity, self-reported hypercholesterolemia should be used with caution, both during the patient encounter and for surveillance of trends in hypercholesterolemia in the absence of measured cholesterol levels. Specificity is consistently much higher than sensitivity. The high PPV may be of use in certain clinical situations. Such validation studies should form the foundation for future research based on self-report. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ctr Hlth Care Res, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Gen Internal Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biometry & epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Natarajan, S (reprint author), 135 Cannon St,Suite 403,POB 250837, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI Nietert, Paul/0000-0002-3933-4986 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 69800, HL52329, HL61769] NR 41 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 BP 13 EP 21 AR PII S0749-3797(02)00446-4 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00446-4 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 573BG UT WOS:000176809000003 PM 12093418 ER PT J AU Livingston, EH Harwell, JD AF Livingston, EH Harwell, JD TI The medicolegal aspects of proctoring SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article DE medical staff; privileges; national Practitioners Data Bank; Health Care Quality Improvement Act AB Virtually every medical staff ensures surgeons technical competency by requiring a proctoring process. However. rarely do medical staff bylaws specify the relationship between completion of proctoring and acquisition of medical staff privileges. For this reason surgeons failing to acquire privileges because of adverse proctor evaluations might be subject to National Practitioners Data Bank reporting. Few proctors understand what their responsibilities are should they witness malpractice being committed. In the State of California, case law has demonstrated that proctors are immune from liability should they allow substandard practices to continue and fail to intervene on the patient's behalf. Alternatively, if the proctor intervenes on a Good Samaritan basis they are most likely protected from malpractice liability. We recommend the implementation of two processes to avoid legal pitfalls: (1) Liability can be minimized if proctoring consents are obtained that clearly delineate the proctor's responsibilities during the operation. (2) Medical staff bylaws should clearly specify the temporal relationship between application of privileges, duration of proctoring process and final acquisition of clinical privileges. (C) 2002 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Gen Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Livingston, EH (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 5 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 184 IS 1 BP 26 EP 30 AR PII S0002-9610(02)00888-7 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(02)00888-7 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 578KT UT WOS:000177117100006 PM 12135714 ER PT J AU Toursarkissian, B Shireman, PK Harrison, A D'Ayala, M Schoolfield, J Sykes, MT AF Toursarkissian, B Shireman, PK Harrison, A D'Ayala, M Schoolfield, J Sykes, MT TI Major lower-extremity amputation: Contemporary experience in a single Veterans Affairs institution SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article ID ISCHEMIA; AMPUTEE AB Our objective is to describe our current experience with major lower-extremity amputation secondary to vascular disease. We conducted a retrospective review of sequential amputations over a 3-year period at one Veterans Affairs institution. One hundred thirteen amputations were performed in 99 men (age 70 +/- 11 years). Seventy-five per cent were diabetic and 23 per cent were on dialysis. Fifty-six per cent were primary amputations. The final AKA/BKA (above-knee to below-knee amputation) ratio was 3:2 and was not related to prior bypass, ethnicity, or dialysis status (P > 0.5). Forty-three per cent of amputations were BKAs in diabetics versus 26 per cent in nondiabetics (P = 0.08). The in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates were 2.6 and 8 per cent and were not related to amputation level (P = 0.76). Forty per cent experienced postoperative complications that were most frequently wound related (22%). Wound complications were more frequent with BKA than AKA (P = 0.04). At an average follow-up of 10 +/- 8 months only 65 per cent were alive. Although 51 per cent were discharged to rehabilitation units only 26 per cent regularly wore a prosthesis with 23 per cent ambulating. BKA patients were more likely to ambulate than AKA (34% vs 9%; P = 0.001), and dialysis patients were less likely to ambulate than nondialysis patients (5% vs 25%; P < 0.02). During follow-up 17 per cent of patients discharged with an intact contralateral limb required amputation of that limb and 7 per cent had bypass surgery on that limb. Complication rates were higher in African Americans and Hispanics than in whites (59%, 45%, and 23%, respectively; P < 0.001), although mortality and ambulation rates were similar. Despite an acceptable perioperative mortality complication rates remain high especially in nonwhites. One-year mortality is high. Low rehabilitation rates especially in dialysis patients mandate further efforts in this regard. Vigilant follow-up of the contralateral limb is essential. C1 Audie Murphy Vet Hosp, Sect Vasc Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Toursarkissian, B (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 13 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 68 IS 7 BP 606 EP 610 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 573AN UT WOS:000176807300010 PM 12132742 ER PT J AU Goldstein, G Minshew, NJ Allen, DN Seaton, BE AF Goldstein, G Minshew, NJ Allen, DN Seaton, BE TI High-functioning autism and schizophrenia - A comparison of an early and late onset neurodevelopmental disorder SO ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE autism; schizophrenia; cognition ID COGNITIVE HETEROGENEITY; PROFILES; DEFICITS; SUBTYPES; CHILDREN AB Autism and schizophrenia are separate neurodevelopmental disorders that share a number of interpersonal and cognitive deficits. The symptoms of autism first appear during early life while schizophrenic symptoms do not typically appear until adolescence at the earliest. Efforts have been made to characterize the pattern of cognitive function in both disorders, and certain resemblances have become apparent such as deficits in abstract reasoning and the more complex aspects of memory and language. The present study provided a comparison of cognitive function between the two disorders. The autistic sample consisted of well-diagnosed individuals with high-functioning autism (IQ greater than or equal to 70). The schizophrenic sample was divided into four subgroups using Ward's method of cluster analysis. Participants received the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R), the Halstead Category Test, the Trail Making test, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting test (WCST). The profile of the autism sample was compared with the four schizophrenia cluster profiles. The autism group resembled only one of the schizophrenia clusters, with both showing elevations on the WAIS-R Information and Block Design subtests and depressions on Comprehension and Digit Symbol. It was concluded that individuals with high-functioning autism have a cognitive profile that resembles that of an empirically derived subgroup of schizophrenia patients but that does not resemble profiles found in other schizophrenia subgroups. The pattern itself, marked by a relatively depressed score on the Comprehension subtest among the Verbal subtests and a relatively elevated score on Block Design among the Performance subtests, has been characterized in the past as a prototypic profile for high-functioning autism. (C) 2002 National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Goldstein, G (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, 7180 Highland Dr,151R, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM ggold@nb.net NR 42 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0887-6177 J9 ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH JI Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 17 IS 5 BP 461 EP 475 AR PII S0887-6177(01)00129-9 DI 10.1016/S0887-6177(01)00129-9 PG 15 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA 567PL UT WOS:000176493100004 PM 14592000 ER PT J AU McCauley, LA Joos, SK Barkhuizen, A Shuell, T Tyree, WA AF McCauley, LA Joos, SK Barkhuizen, A Shuell, T Tyree, WA TI Chronic fatigue in a population-based study of Gulf War veterans SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Chronic Fatigue Syndrome; diagnosis; Gulf War; illness behavior ID COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR-THERAPY; SELF-REPORTED EXPOSURES; PRIMARY-CARE; UNEXPLAINED ILLNESS; PREVALENCE; DEFINITION; SYSTEM AB Fatigue has been associated with illness in veterans of the Gulf War; however, few studies have confirmed self-reported fatigue by using clinical evaluation, and symptomatic veterans have not been evaluated with established criteria for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). The authors describe the frequency and clinical characteristics of CFS in a sample of veterans residing in the northwestern United States. The sample was selected randomly from U.S. Department of Defense databases of troops deployed to southwest Asia during the Gulf War. The selected individuals were invited to participate in a clinical case-control study of unexplained illness. Of 799 survey respondents eligible for clinical evaluation, 178 had fatigue symptoms. Of the 130 veterans who were evaluated clinically, 103 had unexplained fatigue, and 44 veterans met the 1994 U.S. Centers for Disease Control criteria for CFS. In this population, the authors estimated a minimum prevalence of any unexplained fatigue to be 5.1%, and of CFS to be 2.2%. The estimated prevalence was greater among females than among males. Cases were similar to healthy controls, as determined by laboratory tests and physical findings. In comparison to several clinical studies of CFS patients, the authors of this study found a lower proportion of veterans who reported a sudden onset of symptoms (19%) vs. a gradual onset (50%). Although it has previously been suggested that veterans of the Gulf War suffer from higher rates of chronic fatigue than the general population, the study results described herein-on the basis of clinical examination of a population-based sample of veterans-actually indicate that an increased rate may indeed exist. Gulf War veterans with unexplained fatigue should be encouraged to seek treatment so that the impact of these symptoms on overall quality of life can be reduced. C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Dep Med, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Med Informat & Outcome Res, Portland, OR USA. Concordia Univ, Math & Sci Dept, Portland, OR USA. Good Samaritan Reg Med Ctr, Phoenix, AZ USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Portland, OR USA. RP McCauley, LA (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 32 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 2 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA SN 0003-9896 J9 ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH JI Arch. Environ. Health PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 57 IS 4 BP 340 EP 348 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 634UM UT WOS:000180359800012 PM 12530602 ER PT J AU Leverenz, JB Agustin, CM Tsuang, D Peskind, ER Edland, SD Nochlin, D DiGiacomo, L Bowen, JD McCormick, WC Teri, L Raskind, MA Kukull, WA Larson, EB AF Leverenz, JB Agustin, CM Tsuang, D Peskind, ER Edland, SD Nochlin, D DiGiacomo, L Bowen, JD McCormick, WC Teri, L Raskind, MA Kukull, WA Larson, EB TI Clinical and neuropathological characteristics of hippocampal sclerosis - A community-based study SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE CERAD; COMMON PATHOLOGICAL FEATURE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; DEGENERATIVE DEMENTIA; CASE SERIES; RARE CAUSE; CONSORTIUM; ESTABLISH; DIAGNOSIS; REGISTRY AB Background: Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is a neuropathologic finding characterized by neuronal loss and gliosis in the CA-1 and subiculum of the hippocampus. Previous studies of HS have shown that this is a common postmortem finding in elderly subjects with dementia. However, these studies were from selected samples and therefore are not necessarily representative of patients seen in the general medical community. Objectives: To examine the clinical and pathologic characteristics of HS in a community-based case series of dementia and to compare these characteristics with those observed in subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD) from the same study sample. Methods: One hundred thirty-four autopsy cases were available from a community-based registry of dementia. Sixteen cases (12%) had a postmortem diagnosis of HS. Thirty-two comparison control cases with a neuropathologic diagnosis of AD were selected from the same files. Each case of HS was reviewed for HS neuropathologic features, including severity, distribution, and additional pathologic processes. Blinded review of clinical characteristics for the HS and control groups was performed to assess risk factors. Results: There was a wide range of severity and distribution of HS lesions between cases and substantial variability in lesion severity and age within individual cases. Serial neuropsychologic and behavioral assessments revealed similar clinical features and rates of dementia progression between HS and AD groups. Of all neuropsychologic tests performed at enrollment, only enhanced performance on Trails A differentiated the HS from the AD group (64 seconds, 0 errors vs 114 seconds, 0.6 errors; Pless than or equal to.05). The number of AD cases with at least 1 apolipoprotein epsilon4 allele was significantly greater than the HS cases (61% vs 31%; chi(2)=3.81, Pless than or equal to.05). Although medical record review indicated higher frequencies of clinical stroke and neuroradiologic white matter abnormalities in the HS group, risk factors for vascular disease and neuropathologic evidence of cerebrovascular disease did not differ between the groups. Conclusions: Our results suggest that HS is a frequent pathologic finding in community-based dementia. Individuals with HS have similar initial symptoms and rates of dementia progression to those with AD and therefore are frequently misclassified as having AD. Our clinical and pathologic findings suggest that HS has characteristics of a progressive disorder although the underlying cause remains elusive. C1 NW Network Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Div Neuropathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. RP Leverenz, JB (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way,116 MIRECC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Tsuang, Debby/L-7234-2016 OI Tsuang, Debby/0000-0002-4716-1894; Kukull, Walter/0000-0001-8761-9014 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05136, AG06781, R01AG10845, U01AG06781] NR 43 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 59 IS 7 BP 1099 EP 1106 DI 10.1001/archneur.59.7.1099 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 571JP UT WOS:000176714500005 PM 12117357 ER PT J AU Howanitz, PJ Renner, SW Walsh, MK AF Howanitz, PJ Renner, SW Walsh, MK TI Continuous wristband monitoring over 2 years decreases identification errors - A college of American pathologists Q-tracks study SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EVALUATING LABORATORY PERFORMANCE; TRANSFUSION ERRORS; CONFERENCE-XXVIII; QUALITY ISSUES; HEALTH-CARE; Q-PROBES; HOSPITALS; SCALE AB Context.-Identification of patients is one of the first steps in ensuring the accuracy of laboratory results. In the United States, hospitalized patients wear wristbands to aid in their identification, but wristbands errors are frequently found. Objective.-To investigate if continuous monitoring of wristband errors by participants of the College of American Pathologists (CAP) Q-Tracks program results in lower wristband error rates. Setting.-A total of 217 institutions voluntarily participating in the CAP Q-Tracks interlaboratory quality improvement program in 1999 and 2000. Design.-Participants completed a demographic form, answered a questionnaire, collected: wristband data, and at the end of the year, best and most improved performers answered another questionnaire seeking suggestions for improvement. Each institution's phlebotomists inspected wristbands for errors before performing phlebotomy and recorded the number of patients with wristband errors. On a monthly basis, participants submitted data to the CAP for data processing, and at the end of each quarter, participants received summarized comparisons. At the end of each year, participants also received a critique of the results along with suggestions for improvement. Main Outcome Measures.-The percentage of wristband errors by quarter, types of wristband errors, and suggestions for improvement. Results.-During 2 years, 1757 730 wristbands were examined, and 45197 wristband errors were found. The participants' mean wristband error rate for the first quarter in 1999 was 7.40%; by the eighth quarter, the mean wristband error rate had fallen to 3.05% (P < .001). Continuous improvement occurred in each quarter for participants in the 1999 and 2000 program and in 7 of 8 quarters for those who participated in both 1999 and 2000. Missing wristbands accounted for 71.6% of wristband errors, and best performers usually had wristband error rates under 1.0%. The suggestion for improvement provided by the largest number of best and most improved performers was that phlebotomists should refuse to perform phlebotomy on a patient when a wristband error is detected. Conclusions.-The wristband error rate decreased markedly when this rate was monitored continuously using the CAP Q-Tracks program. The Q-Tracks program provides a useful tool for improving the quality of services in anatomic pathology and laboratory medicine. C1 Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Coll Amer Pathologists, Dept Biostat, Northfield, IL USA. RP Howanitz, PJ (reprint author), Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Box 25,450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. NR 34 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 126 IS 7 BP 809 EP 815 PG 7 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 573UM UT WOS:000176849900007 PM 12088450 ER PT J AU Bagby, SP LeBard, LS Luo, ZM Speth, RC Ogden, BE Corless, CL AF Bagby, SP LeBard, LS Luo, ZM Speth, RC Ogden, BE Corless, CL TI Angiotensin II type 1 and 2 receptors in conduit arteries of normal developing microswine SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE neural AT2R; quantitative autoradiography; vascular renin-angiotensin system; developing aorta; CGP 42112 ID MESSENGER-RNA; RAT FETUS; EXPRESSION; AT(2); ATHEROSCLEROSIS; LOCALIZATION; PATHWAYS; ONTOGENY; DISEASE; SYSTEM AB Objective-To identify vascular cells capable of responding to angiotensin II (Ang II) generated in conduit arteries, we examined the. Ang II type I receptor (ATIR) and Ang II type 2 receptor, (AT2R) in the thoracic aorta (TA) and abdominal aorta (AA) and branches in 90-day fetal, 3-week postnatal, and 6-month adult microswine. Methods and Results-By autoradiography (I-125-[Sar(1)Ile(8)]-Ang II with or without AT1R- or AT2R-selective analogues or I-125-CGP 42112), there were striking rostrocaudal differences in (1),AT2R binding at all ages (prominent in AA wall and branches, sparse in TA wall and branches) and (2) a non-AT2R binding site for CGP 42112 (consistently evident in postnatal TA and branches but absent in AA and branches). Furthermore, patterns of AT2R distribution in infradiaphragmatic arteries were developmentally distinct. In fetal AAs, high-density AT2Rs occupied the inner 60% of the medial-endothelial wall. In postnatal AAs, AT2Rs were sparse in the medial-endothelial wall but prominent in a circumferential smooth muscle a-actin-negative cell layer at the medial-adventitial border, occupying approximate to20% to 25% of the AA cross-sectional area. ATIR density in the TA and AA medial-endothelial wall increased with age, whereas AT2R density decreased after birth. Conclusions-A novel AT2R-positive cell layer confined to postnatal infradiaphragmatic arteries physically links adventitial and medial layers, appears optimally positioned to transduce AT2R-dependent functions of local Ang II, and suggests that adventitial Ang II may elicit regionally distinct vascular responses. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Nephrol, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Nephrol, Dept Comparat Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Nephrol, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet & Comparat Anat Pharmacol & Physiol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Bagby, SP (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Nephrol, Dept Med, 3314 SW US Vet Hosp Rd,Suite 262, Portland, OR 97201 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [P01 HD-34430] NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1113 EP 1121 DI 10.1161/01.ATV.0000022382.61262.3E PG 9 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 575ZQ UT WOS:000176978700013 PM 12117725 ER PT J AU Cooper, GS Dooley, MA Treadwell, EL St Clair, EW Gilkeson, GS AF Cooper, GS Dooley, MA Treadwell, EL St Clair, EW Gilkeson, GS TI Hormonal and reproductive risk factors for development of systemic lupus erythematosus - Results of a population-based, case-control study SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE; AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASE; MATERNAL BLOOD; BREAST-CANCER; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; GENDER DIFFERENCES; REVISED CRITERIA; SERUM PROLACTIN; INTERVIEW DATA; HYPERPROLACTINEMIA AB Objective. Estrogen and prolactin may accelerate the progression of murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In humans, 85% of lupus patients are women, which also suggests the importance of hormonal factors in disease pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to examine hormonal and reproductive risk factors for lupus among women. Methods. This population-based, case-control study included 240 female SLE patients diagnosed between January 1, 1995 and July 31, 1999 who fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria. Female controls (n=321) were identified through driver's license records. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) as measures of association, adjusting for age, state, race, and education. Analyses were limited to exposures before diagnosis. Results. Breast-feeding was associated with a decreased risk of developing SLE (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9), with a statistically significant trend for number of babies breast-fed and total weeks of breast-feeding. There were no associations with number of pregnancies or live births. Natural menopause occurred earlier in women with subsequent development of SLE compared with controls (P<0.001). There was little association between SLE and current use or duration of use of hormone replacement therapy or oral contraceptives, and no association with previous use of fertility drugs. Conclusion. We found little evidence that estrogen- or prolactin-related exposures are associated with an increased risk of lupus. The reduced risk observed among women who had breast-fed one or more babies should be examined in other studies. Early natural menopause, rather than decreasing risk of SLE because of reduced estrogen exposure, may be a marker of susceptibility to development of SLE. C1 NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch A3 05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. E Carolina Univ, Sch Med, Greenville, NC USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Cooper, GS (reprint author), NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch A3 05, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 54 TC 94 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 46 IS 7 BP 1830 EP 1839 DI 10.1002/art.10365 PG 10 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 572KK UT WOS:000176773200017 PM 12124867 ER PT J AU Rojas, DC Bawn, SD Carlson, JP Arciniegas, DB Teale, PD Reite, ML AF Rojas, DC Bawn, SD Carlson, JP Arciniegas, DB Teale, PD Reite, ML TI Alterations in tonotopy and auditory cerebral asymmetry in schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE magnetoencephalography; evoked potentials; auditory cortex ID CORTEX; FREQUENCY; MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; ABNORMALITIES; ORGANIZATION; DYSFUNCTION; HEMISPHERE; FIELD; M100 AB Background: Deficits in basic auditory perception have been described in schizophrenia. Previous electrophysiologic imaging research has documented a structure-function disassociation in the auditory system in schizophrenia. This study examines whether the most fundamental level of auditory, cortical organization, tonotopy, is altered in schizophrenia. Methods: The tonotopic organization for five tone frequencies in 19 patients with schizophrenia and 22 comparison subjects was evaluated using magnetoencephalography. Auditory evoked magnetic field dipole locations were examined for the N100m component for each frequency. Results: The expected linear relationship between depth and frequency was found in the comparison subjects but not in the schizophrenia group (p < .004). In addition, normal anterior-posterior asymmetry of the N100m was found to be reduced at all five stimulation frequencies employed in the study (p < .04). No relationships between clinical symptom ratings and either tonotopy or asymmetry were observed. Conclusions: This finding suggests that the tonotopic organization of the auditory cortex in schizophrenia is disturbed and may help explain the relatively poor behavioral performance of schizophrenia patients oil simple frequency discrimination tasks. Alterations in fundamental sensory organization may underlie or interact with higher order cognitive mechanisms to produce changes in cognitive task performance. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Rojas, DC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Box C268-68 CPH,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RI Arciniegas, David/A-3792-2009; Rojas, Don/F-4296-2012 OI Rojas, Don/0000-0001-6560-9616 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH60214] NR 31 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 52 IS 1 BP 32 EP 39 AR PII S0006-3223(01)01365-8 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01365-8 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 564YG UT WOS:000176340700005 PM 12079728 ER PT J AU Helander, KG Widehn, S Helander, HF AF Helander, KG Widehn, S Helander, HF TI Kinetic studies of glutaraldehyde binding in liver SO BIOTECHNIC & HISTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Biological Stain Commission (BSC) CY JUN 07, 2002 CL ROCKVILLE, MARYLAND SP Biol Stain Commiss DE electron microscopy; fixation; glutaraldehyde; immunohistochemistry; kinetics; light microscopy; liver AB To study the kinetics of glutaraldehyde fixation, fresh rabbit liver cubes were immersed in 3% buffered H-3-glutaraldehyde for various periods of time. Following weighing and a brief rinse in water, the tissues were solubilized, and the radioactivity was measured in a scintillation counter. Binding of the isotope was half-maximal after approximately 4 h and a plateau was reached after approximately 20 h. We also investigated the reversibility of glutaraldehyde fixation. Fixed liver cubes were weighed and immersed in water for various periods of time, and after solubilization, the radioactivity was determined. After rinsing for 48 h, approximately 95% of the radioactivity was lost from the tissue specimens, indicating that fixation with glutaraldehyde is largely reversible. Light and electron microscopy of specimens rinsed for 1 and 48 h showed essentially similar morphology. Rinsing for 48 h restored some of the immunoreactivity that was absent after rinsing for only 1 h. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles VA Hosp, Lab Membrane Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Gothenburg Univ, Dept Biomed Lab Sci, S-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden. Gothenburg Univ, Dept Pathol, S-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Helander, KG (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biomed Lab Sci, POB 419, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK46917, DK58333] NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU B I O S SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS LTD PI OXFORD PA 9 NEWTEC PLACE, MAGDALEN RD, OXFORD OX4 1RE, ENGLAND SN 1052-0295 J9 BIOTECH HISTOCHEM JI Biotech. Histochem. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 77 IS 4 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1080/714028200 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 618PC UT WOS:000179425600005 PM 12503730 ER PT J AU Sydora, BC Wagner, N Lohler, J Yakoub, G Kronenberg, M Muller, W Aranda, R AF Sydora, BC Wagner, N Lohler, J Yakoub, G Kronenberg, M Muller, W Aranda, R TI beta 7 Integrin expression is not required for the localization of T cells to the intestine and colitis pathogenesis SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE beta 7 integration; colitis; T cells; trafficking ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; L-SELECTIN; SCID MICE; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; CD4(+); CD45RB(HIGH); LYMPHOCYTES; ADHESION; PREVENTS; PATCHES AB beta7 Integrins have been shown to have an important role in the localization of T cells to the intestine. Utilizing two different experimental mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), this study was undertaken to determine if beta7 integrin expression is critical for T cell localization to the intestine and colitis pathogenesis. Transfer of CD4(+) CD45RB(high) cells into immunodeficient mice results in colitis. To examine the role of beta7 integrins, donor cells were obtained from beta7 integrin gene-deficient animals and disease induction was examined following transfer into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Additionally, beta7 integrin gene-deficient animals were crossed to IL-2-deficient mice and the onset of spontaneous colitis that normally occurs in IL-2-deficient animals was examined. No differences in the onset or severity of spontaneous colitis was noted in animals that were deficient in both beta7 integrin and IL-2. In contrast, the onset of colitis in recipients of T cells from beta7 integrin-deficient donors was delayed significantly. In mice receiving beta7 integrin negative cells, the initial lack of colitis appeared to correlate with fewer numbers of CD3(+) beta7 integrin -/- donor lymphocytes present in the host colon. The eventual development of disease, however, was associated with increased numbers of donor beta7 integrin -/- lymphocytes. These results show that beta7 integrin expression is not absolutely required for T cell localization to the intestine and colitis pathogenesis. C1 Univ Cologne, Inst Genet, D-5000 Cologne 41, Germany. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Bonn, Dept Paediat, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Hamburg, Heinrich Pette Inst Expt Virol & Immunol, Hamburg, Germany. La Jolla Inst Allergy & Immunol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Sydora, BC (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Div Gastroenterol, 519 NRB,11315 87 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C2, Canada. RI Muller, Werner/B-9044-2008 OI Muller, Werner/0000-0002-1297-9725 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P01 DK46763, P01 DK046763] NR 26 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0009-9104 J9 CLIN EXP IMMUNOL JI Clin. Exp. Immunol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 129 IS 1 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01892.x PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 567ZP UT WOS:000176518200006 PM 12100020 ER PT J AU Dell'Italia, LJ Husain, A AF Dell'Italia, LJ Husain, A TI Dissecting the role of chymase in angiotensin II formation and heart and blood vessel diseases SO CURRENT OPINION IN CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ACTIVATED MAST-CELLS; CORONARY ATHEROMATOUS EROSION; INTERNAL THORACIC ARTERY; CONVERTING-ENZYME; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; FORMING PATHWAYS; INTERSTITIAL FLUID; VASCULAR CHYMASE; ALPHA-CHYMASE; ATHEROSCLEROTIC AORTA AB Inhibition of angiotensin II action or its formation by angiotensin-converting enzyme has been highly successful in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Since the identification of chymase as a major angiotensin II-forming enzyme in the human heart and its vessels more than a decade ago, numerous studies have sought to understand the importance of this enzyme in tissue angiotensin II formation and in the pathogenesis of hypertension, congestive heart failure, and vascular disease. Recent studies show that chymase and angiotensin-converting enzyme regulate angiotensin II production in distinct tissue compartments and that, in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, chymase-de pendent effects extend beyond its ability to regulate tissue angiotensin II levels. C1 Univ Alabama, Univ Stn, Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med,Div Cardiovasc Dis, Birmingham, AL USA. Victor Chang Cardiac Res Inst, Enzyme Res Unit, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. RP Dell'Italia, LJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, MCLM 834, 1918 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35295 USA. RI Husain, Ahsan/J-6861-2012 OI Husain, Ahsan/0000-0003-3426-3469 NR 77 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0268-4705 J9 CURR OPIN CARDIOL JI Curr. Opin. Cardiol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 17 IS 4 BP 374 EP 379 DI 10.1097/01.HCO.0000018700.85782.AB PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 582PK UT WOS:000177360200009 PM 12151872 ER PT J AU Jensen, CC Cnop, M Hull, RL Fujimoto, WY Kahn, SE AF Jensen, CC Cnop, M Hull, RL Fujimoto, WY Kahn, SE CA Amer Diabetes Assoc GENNID Study G TI beta-cell function is a major contributor to oral glucose tolerance in high-risk relatives of four ethnic groups in the US SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; JAPANESE-AMERICAN MEN; HOMEOSTASIS MODEL ASSESSMENT; INSULIN-RESISTANCE ATHEROSCLEROSIS; SERUM PROINSULIN LEVELS; NON-HISPANIC WHITES; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; VISCERAL ADIPOSITY; FAT DISTRIBUTION; FASTING GLUCOSE AB First-degree relatives of individuals with type 2 diabetes are at increased risk of developing hyperglycemia. To examine the prevalence and pathogenesis of abnormal glucose homeostasis in these subjects, 531 first-degree relatives with no known history of diabetes (aged 44.1 +/- 0.7 years; BMI 29.0 +/- 0.3 kg/m(2)) underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Newly identified diabetes was found in 19% (n = 100), and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was found in 36% (n = 191). Thus, only 45% (n = 240) had normal glucose tolerance (NGT). The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used to estimate insulin sensitivity; P-cell function was quantified as the ratio of the incremental insulin to glucose responses over the first 30 min during the OGTT (DeltaI(30)/DeltaG(30)). This latter measure was also adjusted for insulin sensitivity as it modulates beta-cell function ([DeltaI(30)/DeltaG(30)]/HOMA-IR). Decreasing glucose tolerance was associated with increasing insulin resistance (HOMA: NGT 12.01 +/- 0.54 pmol/mmol; IFG/IGT 16.14 +/- 0.84; diabetes 26.99 +/- 2.62; P < 0.001) and decreasing beta-cell function (DeltaI(30)/DeltaG(30): NGT 157.7 +/- 9.7 pmol/mmol; IFG/IGT 100.4 +/- 5.4; diabetes 57.5 +/- 7.3; P < 0.001). Decreasing beta-cell function was also identified when adjusting this measure for insulin sensitivity ([DeltaI(30)/DeltaG(30)/HOMA-IR). In all four ethnic groups (African-American, n = 55; Asian-American, n = 66; Caucasian, n = 217; Hispanic-American, n = 193), IFG/IGT and diabetic subjects exhibited progressively increasing insulin resistance and decreasing beta-cell function. The relationships of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function to glucose disposal, as measured by the incremental glucose area under the curve (AUCg), were examined in the whole cohort. Insulin sensitivity and AUCg were linearly related so that insulin resistance was associated with poorer glucose disposal (r(2) = 0.084, P < 0.001). In contrast, there was a strong inverse curvilinear relationship between P-cell function and AUCg such that poorer insulin release was associated with poorer glucose disposal log[DeltaI(30)/DeltaG(30)]: r(2) = 0.29, P < 0.001; log[(DeltaI(30)/DeltaG(30))/HOMA-IR]: r(2) = 0.45, P < 0.001). Thus, abnormal glucose metabolism is common in first-degree relatives of subjects with type 2 diabetes. Both insulin resistance and impaired beta-cell function are associated with impaired glucose metabolism in all ethnic groups, with beta-cell function seeming to be more important in determining glucose disposal. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kahn, SE (reprint author), VA Med Ctr 151, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 02654, DK 17047] NR 60 TC 182 Z9 189 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD JUL PY 2002 VL 51 IS 7 BP 2170 EP 2178 DI 10.2337/diabetes.51.7.2170 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 569RP UT WOS:000176616200023 PM 12086947 ER PT J AU Cornish, JW Herman, BH Ehrman, RN Robbins, SJ Childress, AR Bead, V Esmonde, CA Martz, K Poole, S Caruso, FS O'Brien, CP AF Cornish, JW Herman, BH Ehrman, RN Robbins, SJ Childress, AR Bead, V Esmonde, CA Martz, K Poole, S Caruso, FS O'Brien, CP TI A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled safety study of high-dose dextromethorphan in methadone-maintained male inpatients SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE heroin dependence; dextromethorphan; NMDA; methadone; addiction; pharmacotherapy ID NMDA RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; CONDITIONING FACTORS; OPIATE WITHDRAWAL; OPIOID TOLERANCE; MORPHINE; DRUG; PREFERENCE; ADDICTION; MK-801; MICE AB The NMDA antagonist dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DM) may be useful in the treatment of opioid dependence, particularly as a means of reducing tolerance to methadone during replacement therapy. As a prelude to clinical efficacy studies, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined the safety of DM in combination with methadone in inpatient, opiate-dependent volunteers. Male participants received daily methadone (50-70 mg/day) and either DM (n = 10) or placebo (n = 5) during the 12-day active medication phase of the study. DM participants received doses of 120, 240, and 480 mg/day in increasing order (4 days each). DM at high doses caused mild elevations of heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, and plasma bromide. However, none of these effects was clinically significant. DM caused no significant changes in respiration, pupil diameter, or subjective drug effects measured by standard scales. Participants in the DM group reported many more adverse events than did subjects on placebo (173 vs. 21), but these effects were not clinically serious. The most commonly reported side effects were sleepiness and drowsiness. Several participants reported intoxicating effects at the highest dose. Overall, DM was well-tolerated by the methadone-maintained opiate-dependent subjects studied here. These results support the further exploration of DM as an adjunct medication during methadone replacement therapy. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NIDA, Div Treatment Res & Dev, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Arcadia Univ, Glenside, PA 19038 USA. Ridgeview Stat, Bluemont, VA 20135 USA. ENDO Pharmaceut Inc, Chadds Ford, PA 19317 USA. RP Cornish, JW (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Studies Addict, 3535 Market St,4th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [P60-DA-05186] NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 67 IS 2 BP 177 EP 183 AR PII S0376-8716(02)00025-X DI 10.1016/S0376-8716(02)00025-X PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 576TW UT WOS:000177022600008 PM 12095667 ER PT J AU Ehrman, RN Robbins, SJ Bromwell, MA Lankford, ME Monterosso, JR O'Brien, CP AF Ehrman, RN Robbins, SJ Bromwell, MA Lankford, ME Monterosso, JR O'Brien, CP TI Comparing attentional bias to smoking cues in current smokers, former smokers, and non-smokers using a dot-probe task SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE cigarette smoking; attention; dot-probe task; reaction time ID CONDITIONING FACTORS; ANXIETY; THREAT; REACTIVITY; DEPENDENCE; DEPRESSION; ABSTINENCE; AWARENESS; BEHAVIOR; DISORDER AB Much evidence documents that individuals with emotional and drug-use disorders demonstrate biased attention toward stimuli associated with their disorder. This bias appears to diminish following successful treatment. Two studies examined whether current cigarette smokers show biased attention toward smoking-related images compared with non-smokers (Studies 1 and 2) and whether this bias is less pronounced in former smokers (Study 2). Attentional bias toward cigarette-related photographs was examined using the dot-probe task. Pairs of images (one smoking-related) appeared side by side for 500 ins on a computer screen prior to the presentation of a probe (an asterisk) replacing one of the photographs. Subjects struck a key as quickly as possible to indicate the probe location. Attentional bias was defined as faster reaction times when the probe replaced the smoking-related image. In both studies, current smokers displayed significantly greater attentional bias toward cigarette stimuli than did non-smokers. Former smokers in Study 2 displayed an intermediate level of bias, but did not differ significantly in bias score from either of the other groups. These results support further use of the dot-probe task as a measure of attentional bias in non-abstinent smokers and in individuals undergoing smoking cessation treatment. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Treatment Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Arcadia Univ, Dept Psychol, Glenside, PA 19038 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ehrman, RN (reprint author), Univ Penn, Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [P60-DA-05186] NR 38 TC 129 Z9 136 U1 5 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 67 IS 2 BP 185 EP 191 AR PII S0376-8716(02)00065-0 DI 10.1016/S0376-8716(02)00065-0 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 576TW UT WOS:000177022600009 PM 12095668 ER PT J AU Liu, YY Tachiki, KH Brent, GA AF Liu, YY Tachiki, KH Brent, GA TI A targeted thyroid hormone receptor a gene dominant-negative mutation (P398H) selectively impairs gene expression in differentiated embryonic stem cells SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RETINOIC ACID; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RAT-BRAIN; POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT; RESPONSE ELEMENT; ASTROGLIAL CELLS; ALPHA-RECEPTOR; IN-VITRO; MICE; BETA AB Thyroid hormone and retinoic acid (RA) are essential for normal neural development in vivo, yet all in vitro differentiation strategies of embryonic stem (ES) cells use only RA. We developed a novel differentiation strategy of mouse ES cells using T-3. A dominant-negative knock-in point mutation (P398H) was introduced into the thyroid hormone receptor a gene to determine the influence of T-3 on ES cell differentiation. Differentiation promoted by T-3 (1 nM), RA (1 mum), or combined T-3/RA was assessed in wild-type (wt) and mutant (in) ES cells on the basis of neuronal-specific gene expression and cell cycle. T-3 alone stimulated neural differentiation in a similar fashion as that seen with RA in both wtES and mES cells. Expression of neurogranin and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase IV mRNA (identified in vivo as T-3-regulated genes), however, was markedly reduced in mES, compared with wtES cells. RA treatment enhanced apoptosis, significantly greater than that seen with T-3 stimulation. T-3 treatment given with RA significantly reduced the apoptotic effects of RA, an effect not seen in mES cells. T-3-induced ES cell neural differentiation of thyroid hormone a mutant and wtES cells provides an in vitro model to study T-3-dependent gene regulation in neural development. This system could also be used to identify novel T-3-regulated genes. The modulation of the apoptotic effects of RA by T-3 may have implications for stem cell therapy. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Mol Endocrinol Lab,Dept Med, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Mol Endocrinol Lab,Dept Physiol, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Res Serv,Dept Med, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Res Serv,Dept Physiol, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Brent, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Mol Endocrinol Lab,Dept Med, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sch Med, Bldg 114,Room 230,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 61 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 4350 EAST WEST HIGHWAY SUITE 500, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4110 USA SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD JUL PY 2002 VL 143 IS 7 BP 2664 EP 2672 DI 10.1210/en.143.7.2664 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 568PE UT WOS:000176550400027 PM 12072400 ER PT J AU Kregenow, DA Swenson, ER AF Kregenow, DA Swenson, ER TI The lung and carbon dioxide: implications for permissive and therapeutic hypercapnia SO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; ALVEOLAR EPITHELIAL-CELLS; NITRIC-OXIDE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; INTRACELLULAR PH; INSPIRED CO2; BLOOD-FLOW; INJURY; REPERFUSION; PULMONARY C1 Univ Washington, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Swenson, ER (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way,Box 358280,S-111-PULM, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 60 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD PI SHEFFIELD PA 146 WEST ST, STE 2.4, HUTTONS BLDG, SHEFFIELD S1 4ES, ENGLAND SN 0903-1936 J9 EUR RESPIR J JI Eur. Resp. J. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 20 IS 1 BP 6 EP 11 DI 10.1183/09031936.02.00400802 PG 6 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 579QD UT WOS:000177188600003 PM 12166583 ER PT J AU Scott, DR Marcus, EA Weeks, DL Sachs, G AF Scott, DR Marcus, EA Weeks, DL Sachs, G TI Mechanisms of. acid resistance due to the urease system of Helicobacter pylori SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEIN; NEGATIVE MUTANT; LOCALIZATION; PH; EXPRESSION; STOMACH; PURIFICATION; COLONIZATION; AUTOLYSIS; MUSTELAE AB Background & Aims: Helicobacter pylori, a neutralophile, uses acid neutralization by urease to combat gastric acidity, allowing gastric colonization. Both acute and chronic acid resistance mechanisms are present. Acute mechanisms of acid adaptation could be due to surface urease, increased inner-membrane urea permeability via Urel, or both. Slower mechanisms may involve increased nickel insertion into apoenzyme, posttranscriptional regulation, or increased enzyme synthesis. The aim of this Study was to further define regulation I of urease under acidic conditions. Methods: Surface-bound urease was analyzed by, Measurement of free and bound urease after centrifugation through a step gradient and by quantitative urease immunostaining of intact and fixed bacteria. Changes in urease Synthesis or assembly were determined by incubation Of the organisms at pH 5.5 or 7.0 in the absence and presence of chloramphenicol, urea, or. nickel chelator and in urel-positive and -negative organisms. Results: The amount of surface urease was below detection limits with either centrifugation washing or immunostaining. Total bacterial urease activity was increased 3-5-fold by incubation at pH 5.5 in the presence of chloramphenicol but not in nickel-free medium or in urel knockout organism. There was also a 3-fold increase in survival of acid shock in acid-adapted organisms. Conclusions: Surface-bound urease is too low,to contribute to acid resistance. Acidic medium pH induces Urel-dependent nickel incorporation into apoenzyme. This augmentation of urease activity,increases survival in acid and is part of the gastric colonization strategy of the organism. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Scott, DR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK46917]; PHS HHS [53462, 17294, 41301] NR 39 TC 84 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 13 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JUL PY 2002 VL 123 IS 1 BP 187 EP 195 DI 10.1053/gast.2002.34218 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 570VD UT WOS:000176678600024 PM 12105847 ER PT J AU Glatzle, J Sternini, C Robin, C Zittel, TT Wong, H Reeve, JR Raybould, HE AF Glatzle, J Sternini, C Robin, C Zittel, TT Wong, H Reeve, JR Raybould, HE TI Expression of 5-HT3 receptors in the rat gastrointestinal tract SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GUINEA-PIG INTESTINE; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE TYPE-3 RECEPTORS; GATED ION-CHANNEL; INTERSTITIAL-CELLS; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; MYENTERIC NEURONS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; IMMUNONEUTRALIZING ACTIVITY; SEROTONIN RECEPTORS AB Background & Aims: Functional effects mediated via the 5-hydroxytryptamine(3) receptor (5-HT3R) can be elicited from both extrinsic and intrinsic neurons innervating the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Clinically, 5-HT3 antagonists are important in the treatment of emesis and have been used for the treatment of symptoms in functional bowel disease. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the cellular sites of 5-HT3R expression in the rat GI tract using immunohistochemistry. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was performed in fixed cryostat sections and whole mounts of stomach and intestine of fasted rats, using an affinity-purified antibody directed to a 19-amino acid sequence of the cytoplasmic loop of the 5-HT3R. Results: 5-HT3R immunoreactivity was localized to numerous neurons of the myenteric and submucosal plexus, concentrated primarily near the neuronal plasma membrane, and to fibers in the circular and longitudinal muscles, submucosa, and mucosa. 5-HT3R immunoreactivity was also expressed by interstitial cells of Cajal and a few endocrine cells. Numerous 5-HT3R-positive myenteric neurons were cholinergic, and few neurons coexpressed VIP or SP immunoreactivity. Fibers immunoreactive for 5-HT3R in the duodenal but not ileal mucosa were markedly reduced by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or chemical denervation of vagal afferents. Conclusions: These findings indicate that 5-HT(3)Rs are expressed by distinct cells in the GI tract, including functionally distinct classes of neurons, interstitial cells of Cajal, and endocrine cells. The effects of serotonin mediated by 5-HT3Rs involve the activation of neuronal and nonneuronal pathways. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Cell Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Ctr Res & Educ, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Ctr Res & Educ, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Allied Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Tubingen Hosp, Dept Gen Surg, Tubingen, Germany. RP Raybould, HE (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Cell Biol, 1321 Haring Hall, Davis, CA 95616 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK57037, DK35740, DK41004, DK41301] NR 57 TC 92 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JUL PY 2002 VL 123 IS 1 BP 217 EP 226 DI 10.1053/gast.2002.34245 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 570VD UT WOS:000176678600027 PM 12105850 ER PT J AU Williams, JW Pignone, M Ramirez, G Stellato, CP AF Williams, JW Pignone, M Ramirez, G Stellato, CP TI Identifying depression in primary care: a literature synthesis of case-finding instruments SO GENERAL HOSPITAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE depressive disorder; sensitivity; specificity; diagnosis; mass screening ID GENERAL HEALTH QUESTIONNAIRE; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; DIAGNOSING MENTAL-DISORDERS; MEDICAL OUTPATIENTS; SCREENING INSTRUMENT; SCALE GDS15; VALIDATION; RECOGNITION; MANAGEMENT; INVENTORY AB We evaluated the usefulness of case-finding instruments for identifying patients with major depression or dysthymia in primary care settings using English language literature from Medline, a specialized trials registry and bibliographies of selected papers. Studies were done in primary care settings with unselected patients and compared case-finding instruments with accepted diagnostic criterion standards for major depression were selected. A total of 16 case-finding instruments were assessed in 38 studies. More than 32,000 patients received screening with a case-finding instrument; approximately 12,900 of these received criterion standard assessment. Case-finding instruments ranged in length from 1 to 30 questions. Average administration times ranged from less than 2 min to 6 min. Median sensitivity for major depression was 85% (range 50% to 97%); median specificity was 74% (range 51% to 98%). No significant differences between instruments were found. However for individual instruments, estimates of sensitivity and specificity varied significantly between studies. For the combined diagnoses of major depression or dysthymia, overall sensitivity was 79% (CI, 74% to 83%) and overall specificity 75% (CI, 70% to 81%). Stratified analyses showed no significant effects on overall instrument performance for study methodology, criterion standard choice, or patient characteristics. We found that multiple instruments with reasonable operating characteristics are available to help primary care clinicians identify patients with major depression. Because operating characteristics of these instruments are similar, selection of a particular instrument should depend on issues such as feasibility, administration and scoring times, and the instruments' ability to serve additional purposes, such as monitoring severity or response to therapy. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Vet Evidence Based Res Disseminat & Implementat, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Gen Internal Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RTI UNC Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. San Antonio Evidence Based Practice Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Williams, JW (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, HSR&D, Ctr Hlth Serv Res Primary Care, Durham, NC USA. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 81 TC 149 Z9 154 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0163-8343 J9 GEN HOSP PSYCHIAT JI Gen. Hosp. Psych. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 24 IS 4 BP 225 EP 237 AR PII S0163-8343(02)00195-0 DI 10.1016/S0163-8343(02)00195-0 PG 13 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 570VP UT WOS:000176679900005 PM 12100833 ER PT J AU Kim, WR Brown, RS Terrault, NA El-Serag, H AF Kim, WR Brown, RS Terrault, NA El-Serag, H TI Burden of liver disease in the United States: Summary of a workshop SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; C VIRUS-INFECTION; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEYS; PRIMARY BILIARY-CIRRHOSIS; SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE; CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; CRYPTOGENIC CIRRHOSIS; WILSONS-DISEASE; NATURAL-HISTORY; AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kim, WR (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284 NR 72 TC 304 Z9 312 U1 0 U2 11 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JUL PY 2002 VL 36 IS 1 BP 227 EP 242 DI 10.1053/jhep.2002.34734 PG 16 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 568GP UT WOS:000176534300028 PM 12085369 ER PT J AU Nath, SK Kelly, JA Reid, J Lam, T Gray-McGuire, C Namjou, B Aston, CE Harley, JB AF Nath, SK Kelly, JA Reid, J Lam, T Gray-McGuire, C Namjou, B Aston, CE Harley, JB TI SLEB3 in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is strongly related to SLE families ascertained through neuropsychiatric manifestations SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID SUSCEPTIBILITY GENE; LOD SCORES; REVISED CRITERIA; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; GENOME SCAN; CLASSIFICATION; DISEASES; MODELS; POWER AB Seizures and psychosis are neuropsychiatric (NP) manifestations of a large number of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Since NP manifestations were part of the SLE phenotype for some, but not all SLE affecteds, we hypothesized that those SLE patient families with NP manifestations might be more genetically homogeneous at loci important to NP-related SLE, and hence have increased power to detect linkage. We identified 23 families of European-American (EA) origin and 20 families of African-American (AA) origin, in which at least one SLE patient in each family was diagnosed with the presence of NP manifestations. A total of 318 microsatellite markers at an average marker density of I I cM were genotyped. Uncertainty of the genetic model led us to perform the initial genome scan by a multipoint non-parametric allele sharing linkage method. Once the evidence of linkage was suggestive, we then performed parametric model-based linkage by maximizing the relevant parameters to define a parsimonious genetic model. We found the maximum multipoint parametric LOD score was 5.19 and the non-parametric linkage score (Zlr) was 3.12 (P=9x10(-4)) for EA NP pedigrees at 4p16, previously identified as SLEB3. The segregation behavior of this linked locus suggests a dominant mode of inheritance with an almost 100% homogeneous genetic effect in these pedigrees. The results demonstrated a significant increase of LOD score to detect SLEB3 when the families were further ascertained through NP, compared with the analysis of all EA SLE families together. C1 Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Artrhrit & Immunol Res Program, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Genet Epidemiol Unit, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Dept Med, Oklahoma City, OK USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Ctr Med, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Nath, SK (reprint author), Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Artrhrit & Immunol Res Program, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR15577]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI24717, AI31584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR45231, AR42460, AR-1-2253] NR 30 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0340-6717 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 111 IS 1 BP 54 EP 58 DI 10.1007/s00439-002-0743-1 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 580CX UT WOS:000177218000008 PM 12136236 ER PT J AU Chen, SYJ Carroll, JD Messenger, JC AF Chen, SYJ Carroll, JD Messenger, JC TI Quantitative analysis of reconstructed 3-D coronary arterial tree and intracoronary devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE 3-D reconstruction; angiography; angioplasty; intracoronary devices; vasculature ID ANGIOGRAPHIC VISUALIZATION; BASIC PRINCIPLES; RESTENOSIS; VALIDATION; DIMENSIONS; MOTION; STENT; CINEANGIOGRAMS; QUANTIFICATION; ARTERIOGRAPHY AB Traditional quantitative coronary angiography is performed on two-dimensional (2-D) projection views. These views are chosen by the angiographer to minimize vessel overlap and foreshortening. With 2-D projection views that are acquired in this nonstandardized. fashion, however, there is no way to know or estimate how much error occurs in the QCA process. Furthermore, coronary arteries possess a curvilinear shape and undergo a cyclical deformation due to their attachment to the myocardium. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain three-dimensional (3-D) information to best describe and quantify the dynamic curvilinear nature of the human coronary artery. Using a patient-specific 3-D coronary reconstruction algorithm and routine angiographic images, a new technique is proposed to describe: 1) the curvilinear nature of 3-D coronary arteries and intracoronary devices; 2) the magnitude of the arterial deformation caused by intracoronary devices and due to heart motion; and 3) optimal view(s) with respect to the desired "pathway" for delivering intracoronary devices. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Chen, SYJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL60220-01A2] NR 40 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0278-0062 J9 IEEE T MED IMAGING JI IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging PD JUL PY 2002 VL 21 IS 7 BP 724 EP 740 DI 10.1109/TMI.2002.801151 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 599UH UT WOS:000178353200002 PM 12374311 ER PT J AU Steinhauer, SR Siegle, GJ Condray, R Carter, CC Thase, ME AF Steinhauer, SR Siegle, GJ Condray, R Carter, CC Thase, ME TI Pupillary dilation, cognition, and psychiatric disorder: Insights to brain function SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8760 J9 INT J PSYCHOPHYSIOL JI Int. J. Psychophysiol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 45 IS 1-2 BP 43 EP 43 PG 1 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 578AP UT WOS:000177095500100 ER PT J AU Pekary, AE Sattin, A Meyerhoff, JL Chilingar, M AF Pekary, AE Sattin, A Meyerhoff, JL Chilingar, M TI Mood stabilizers increase TRH receptor levels in rat brain SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Res & Psychiat Serv, VA Greater Los Angeles Healtcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8760 J9 INT J PSYCHOPHYSIOL JI Int. J. Psychophysiol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 45 IS 1-2 BP 154 EP 154 PG 1 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 578AP UT WOS:000177095500391 ER PT J AU Cherrier, MM Anawalt, BD Herbst, KL Amory, JK Craft, S Matsumoto, AM Bremner, WJ AF Cherrier, MM Anawalt, BD Herbst, KL Amory, JK Craft, S Matsumoto, AM Bremner, WJ TI Cognitive effects of short-term manipulation of serum sex steroids in healthy young men SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID TESTOSTERONE LEVELS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; HORMONE REPLACEMENT; GONADOTROPIN-LEVELS; SPATIAL COGNITION; BASAL FOREBRAIN; ANDROGEN LEVELS; WORKING-MEMORY; ALZHEIMER-TYPE; VERBAL MEMORY AB We examined the effects of sex steroids on cognitive functioning by exogenously manipulating circulating T levels in a group of healthy young men. Thirty-two men were randomized to receive 8 wk of treatment including: 1) im T enanthate 100 mg/wk plus daily oral placebo (T); 2) im placebo/wk plus 125 mug daily oral levonorgestrel (LNG); 3) im T enanthate 100 mg/wk plus 125 mug daily oral LNG (T + LNG); 4) im placebo/wk plus daily oral placebo. Cognitive functions were assessed at baseline and twice during treatment. Serum T and E2 levels were significantly increased in the T and T + LNG groups compared with baseline (P < 0.01) and T levels were significantly decreased in the LNG group (P < 0.05). Verbal memory significantly decreased in the LNG group (P < 0.01) and was maintained by coadministration of T in the T + LNG group. Divided attention was unaffected in the LNG group but improved significantly in the T + LNG group. In summary, decreased serum T levels induced by LNG or direct effects of the progestin, LNG, adversely affects verbal memory in normal young men. These results suggest that short-term changes in sex steroid levels have effects on cognitive function in healthy young men. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Educ & Clin Ctr, Dept Geriatr Res, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Cherrier, MM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Box 356560,1959 NE Pacific, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM cherrier@u.washington.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [K01 AG 00858] NR 49 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 87 IS 7 BP 3090 EP 3096 DI 10.1210/jc.87.7.3090 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 578GU UT WOS:000177109700016 PM 12107206 ER PT J AU Raskind, MA Thompson, C Petrie, EC Dobie, DJ Rein, RJ Hoff, DJ McFall, ME Peskind, ER AF Raskind, MA Thompson, C Petrie, EC Dobie, DJ Rein, RJ Hoff, DJ McFall, ME Peskind, ER TI Prazosin reduces nightmares in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; SLEEP; PTSD; NOREPINEPHRINE; MECHANISM AB Background: Preclinical and clinical observations suggest that the centrally active alpha(1)-adrenergic antagonist prazosin might alleviate trauma content nightmares and other symptoms in combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Method: In this retrospective chart review study, we analyzed data from 59 consecutive combat veterans with previously treatment-resistant chronic PTSD (DSM-IV criteria) and severe intractable trauma content nightmares to whom prazosin had been prescribed. Nightmare severity was quantified using the recurrent distressing dreams item of the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). Change in overall PTSD severity exclusive of nightmares was estimated by assigning a Clinical Global Impressions-Change scale (CGI-C) score based on chart review. Results: Mean +/- SEM recurrent distressing dreams item scores improved significantly (7.0 +/- 0.2 to 3.5 +/- 0.3, p < .0001) in the 36 patients who completed at least 8 weeks of prazosin treatment at their maximum titrated dose. The mean maximum prazosin dose achieved in these 36 patients was 9.6 +/- 0.9 mg/day. Recurrent distressing dreams scores also improved in the total group who filled their prazosin prescriptions (N = 51)(7.1 +/- 0.2 to 4.2 +/- 0.3, p < .0001). In a comparison group of 8 patients who did not fill their prazosin prescriptions but continued in outpatient treatment, there was no significant change in CAPS recurrent distressing dreams score (6.8 +/- 0.5 to 6.7 +/- 0.4). There also was at least some improvement in CGI-C ratings of overall PTSD severity exclusive of nightmares in a substantial majority of patients receiving prazosin, but not in the 8 comparison subjects. There were no serious adverse effects attributable to prazosin. Conclusion: These observations suggest that prazosin may relieve symptomatic distress in PTSD, and they provide rationale for placebo-controlled trials of prazosin for PTSD trauma content nightmares and other PTSD symptoms. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, NW Network Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Raskind, MA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, NW Network Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, S-116,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 26 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 5 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD JUL PY 2002 VL 63 IS 7 BP 565 EP 568 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 575NT UT WOS:000176954500005 PM 12143911 ER PT J AU Chinman, M Kloos, B O'Connell, M Davidson, L AF Chinman, M Kloos, B O'Connell, M Davidson, L TI Service providers' views of psychiatric mutual support groups SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SELF-HELP GROUPS; MENTAL-HEALTH PROFESSIONALS; UNITED-STATES; PERSPECTIVES; POPULATION; MOVEMENTS; CONSUMER AB Despite evidence that mutual support groups can be beneficial for those with serious mental illnesses, professionals have been reluctant to utilize this resource. We surveyed over 400 providers across several disciplines and settings within the state of Connecticut's public mental health system to assess their attitudes and practices regarding the use of mutual support groups for their patients. We found that being a rehabilitation worker and possessing more advanced training, greater numbers of years in their setting and discipline, and personal experience with psychiatric disorders or mutual support were associated with more favorable attitudes and behaviors toward mutual support. In addition, traditional 12-step groups (e.g., Alcoholics Anonymous) were viewed more favorably than psychiatric mutual support groups. Implications for educational efforts about the benefits of mutual support for those with serious mental illnesses are discussed. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 W Los Angeles VA Healthcare Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Chinman, M (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Healthcare Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,MIRECC 210A, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 49 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0090-4392 J9 J COMMUNITY PSYCHOL JI J. Community Psychol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 30 IS 4 BP 349 EP 366 DI 10.1002/jcop.10010 PG 18 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Work SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology; Social Work GA 564AL UT WOS:000176291400002 ER PT J AU Cohen, PL Caricchio, R Abraham, V Camenisch, TD Jennette, JC Roubey, RAS Earp, HS Matsushima, G Reap, EA AF Cohen, PL Caricchio, R Abraham, V Camenisch, TD Jennette, JC Roubey, RAS Earp, HS Matsushima, G Reap, EA TI Delayed apoptotic cell clearance and lupus-like autoimmunity in mice lacking the c-mer membrane tyrosine kinase SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE autoimmunity; Lupus Erythematosus, systemic; phagocytosis; apoptosis; macrophages ID RECEPTOR; PHAGOCYTOSIS; ANTIGENS; IDENTIFICATION; ANTIBODIES; GAS6; GENE AB Mice lacking the membrane tyrosine kinase c-mer have been shown to have altered macrophage cytokine production and defective phagocytosis of apoptotic cells despite normal phagocytosis of other particles. We show here that c-mer-deficient mice have impaired clearance of infused apoptotic cells and that they develop progressive lupus-like autoimmunity, with antibodies to chromatin, DNA, and IgG. The autoimmunity appears to be driven by endogenous antigens, with little polyclonal B cell activation. These mice should be an excellent model for studying the role of apoptotic debris as an immunogenic stimulus for systemic autoimmunity. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Mayo Clin, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Scottsdale, AZ 85259 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. AlphaVax, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Cohen, PL (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, 421 Curie Blvd,Suite 757, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI47780] NR 24 TC 365 Z9 381 U1 1 U2 9 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 196 IS 1 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1084/jem.20012094 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 569TJ UT WOS:000176618100013 PM 12093878 ER PT J AU Kilbourne, AM Justice, AC Rollman, BL McGinnis, KA Rabeneck, L Weissman, S Smola, S Schultz, R Whittle, J Rodriguez-Barradas, M AF Kilbourne, AM Justice, AC Rollman, BL McGinnis, KA Rabeneck, L Weissman, S Smola, S Schultz, R Whittle, J Rodriguez-Barradas, M TI Clinical importance of HIV and depressive symptoms among veterans with HIV infection SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HIV/AIDS; symptoms; depression ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; CES-D; HEALTH; DISEASE; AIDS; PROGRESSION; DECLINE; PREDICTORS AB OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical importance (association with illness severity and survival) of depressive and HIV symptoms among veterans with HIV infection. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study; survival analysis. SETTING: Infectious Disease Clinics at 3 VA Medical Centers. PARTICIPANTS: HIV-infected patients (N = 881) and their health care providers from June 1999 through July 2000. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Patient baseline survey included an HIV Symptom Index measuring the frequency and bother of 20 common symptoms. Providers were surveyed on patients' illness severity, and survival data were obtained from VA death records. Of 881 patients, 46% had significant depressive symptoms (CES-D greater than or equal to10). Increasing depression symptom severity was associated with increasing HIV symptom frequency (P < .001) and bother (P < .001). Multiple regression results revealed that having moderate or severe depressive symptoms was not associated with provider-reported illness severity or survival. However, HIV symptoms were significantly associated with provider-reported illness severity (P < .01) and survival (P = .05), after adjusting for moderate and severe depressive symptoms, CD4 cell count/mm(3) , viral load, age, race, and antiretroviral use. CONCLUSIONS: Depression, while common in this sample, was not associated with illness severity or mortality after adjusting for HIV symptoms. HIV symptoms are associated with severity of illness and survival regardless of patients' severity of depressive symptoms. This suggests that equal medical consideration should be given to HIV symptoms presented by HIV-infected patients regardless of their depression status, rather than automatically attributing medical complaints to depression. C1 VA Pittsburgh Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Social & Urban Res, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Toronto, ON, Canada. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Hosp St Raphael, New Haven, CT USA. Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med Geriatr & Gen Med, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. VA Med Ctr, Kansas City, KS USA. RP Kilbourne, AM (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, 130-U Univ Drive C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 43 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 3 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 17 IS 7 BP 512 EP 520 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2002.10803.x PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 575AQ UT WOS:000176923700003 PM 12133141 ER PT J AU Rosen, HR Ribeiro, RR Weinberger, L Wolf, S Chung, MJ Gretch, DR Perelson, AS AF Rosen, HR Ribeiro, RR Weinberger, L Wolf, S Chung, MJ Gretch, DR Perelson, AS TI Early hepatitis C viral kinetics correlate with long-term outcome in patients receiving high dose induction followed by combination interferon and ribavirin therapy SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE early hepatitis C viral kinetics; long-term outcome; high dose induction; combination interferon and ribavirin therapy ID PLUS RIBAVIRIN; HCV RNA; VIRUS; INFECTION; GENOTYPE-1; CLEARANCE; EFFICACY; DYNAMICS; ALFA AB Background/Aims: The majority of patients with genotype 1 do not respond to interferon (IFN) plus ribavirin. Limited data exist on the use of induction followed by combination therapy. Methods: In this prospective study of 28 patients infected with genotype 1, randomization involved either daily or twice daily high dose IFN for 6 weeks, followed by standard therapy of 3 million units three times a week in combination with ribavirin for an additional 42 weeks. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA was quantitated before and frequently during treatment. Results: The best correlate of response was 3 (the infected cell loss rate). Sixteen patients continued on the study because they had at least a 2 log drop in their HCV RNA levels by week 12; all but one were PCR negative for HCV RNA at 48 weeks, and 14 of these 16, patients continued to be PCR negative at 72 weeks. Both African-Americans in our trial failed to respond to therapy, and differences were evident during the induction phase. Conclusions: This randomized study of induction IFN therapy followed by combination IFN plus ribavirin yielded the highest rate of sustained response (50%) reported to date in chronically HCV-infected patients with genotype 1. The predictive value of the infected cell loss rate needs to be evaluated prospectively in larger studies, particularly in patients receiving pegylated IFN. (C) 2002 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Washington, Viral Hepatitis Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Rosen, HR (reprint author), Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp,P3-G1, Portland, OR 97207 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR06555, 5 M01 RR00334] NR 26 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 37 IS 1 BP 124 EP 130 AR PII S0168-8278(02)00114-9 DI 10.1016/S0168-8278(02)00114-9 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 573UN UT WOS:000176850100017 PM 12076871 ER PT J AU Meijer, SL Dols, A Urba, WJ Hu, HM Smith, JW Vetto, J Wood, W Doran, T Chu, Y Sayaharuban, P Alvord, WG Fox, BA AF Meijer, SL Dols, A Urba, WJ Hu, HM Smith, JW Vetto, J Wood, W Doran, T Chu, Y Sayaharuban, P Alvord, WG Fox, BA TI Adoptive cellular therapy with tumor vaccine draining lymph node lymphocytes after vaccination with HLA-B7/beta(2)-microglobulin gene-modified autologous tumor cells SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE adoptive immunotherapy; tumor vaccine; melanoma; renal cell cancer ID T-CELLS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; INTERLEUKIN-2; CANCER; EXPRESSION; GENERATION; TOXICITY; MELANOMA; TYPE-1; DNA AB Adoptive immunotherapy with anti-CD3-expanded lymphocytes from lymph nodes draining alloantigen gene-modified autologous tumor vaccines is an effective treatment of poorly immunogenic murine tumors. This phase I/II study was performed to determine the feasibility and toxicity of combining ex vivo gene transfer of autologous tumor cells and adoptive immunotherapy with anti-CD3-expanded tumor vaccine draining lymph node lymphocytes (TVDLN) in patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell cancer (RCC). To facilitate the generation of tumor-specific lymphocytes in the TVDLN, autologous tumor cells were modified by gene transfer ex vivo to express the alloantigen HLA-B7, a modification that has the potential to enhance the immunogenicity of the tumor cells. After vaccination with gene-modified tumor cells, patients' lymph nodes were harvested; TVDLN lymphocytes were activated and expanded ex vivo with anti-CD3 and interleukin-2 (IL-2), and adoptively transferred to patients in combination with systemic IL-2. Twenty patients, nine with melanoma and I I with RCC were treated. Tumor was harvested successfully in all 20 patients. Ex vivo gene transfer was performed using lipofection with a lipid: DNA plasmid complex containing the genes for HLA-B7 and beta2-microglobulin. The mean expression of HLA-B7 by autologous tumor cells after gene transfer was 4.53% (range 0.3%-12.1%). Lymph nodes were harvested from all 20 patients with a mean of 53 x 107 and 60 x 107 cells obtained from the gene-modified and unmodified tumor vaccine sites, respectively. Successful expansion of adequate TVDLN was accomplished in 19 of 20 harvests of unmodified vaccines and in 18 of 20 gene-modified vaccines. No major toxicities were noted after vaccination with autologous tumor cells or adoptive transfer of ex vivo activated TVDLN lymphocytes. Typical IL-2-related toxicities were observed in all patients. No objective tumor regressions were observed. MHC class I restricted, tumor-specific cytokine secretion was observed in lymphocytes from TVDLN and the peripheral blood of vaccinated patients. C1 Providence Portland Med Ctr, Earle A Chiles Res Inst, Robert W Franz Canc Res Ctr, Portland, OR 97213 USA. Providence Portland Med Ctr, Earle A Chiles Res Inst, Lab Mol & Tumor Immunol, Portland, OR 97213 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Oregon Canc Ctr, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Frederick Canc Res Facil, Comp Serv, Frederick, MD USA. Frederick Canc Res Facil, Stat Serv, Frederick, MD USA. RP Fox, BA (reprint author), Providence Portland Med Ctr, Earle A Chiles Res Inst, Robert W Franz Canc Res Ctr, 4805 NE Glisan St, Portland, OR 97213 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R21 CA76078] NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1053-8550 J9 J IMMUNOTHER JI J. Immunother. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 25 IS 4 BP 359 EP 372 DI 10.1097/01.CJI.0000018062.31201.75 PG 14 WC Oncology; Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Oncology; Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 578GL UT WOS:000177109000008 PM 12142559 ER PT J AU Chren, M Sahay, A Sands, L Maddock, L Lindquist, K AF Chren, M Sahay, A Sands, L Maddock, L Lindquist, K TI Recurrent nonmelanoma skin cancers: Variation in performance rates of therapies SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 119 IS 1 MA 235 BP 247 EP 247 PN 2 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 583UG UT WOS:000177428100236 ER PT J AU Wong, H Schotz, MC AF Wong, H Schotz, MC TI The lipase gene family SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE homology; lipolytic; chimera; triglyceride; phospholipid; HDL; VLDL ID RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN; HUMAN PANCREATIC LIPASE; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; ALPHA/BETA-HYDROLASE FOLD; HUMAN LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; HEPATIC LIPASE; HEPARIN-BINDING; TRIGLYCERIDE LIPASE; PHOSPHOLIPASE A(1); MOLECULAR-MODEL AB Development of the lipase gene family spans the change in science that witnessed the birth of contemporary techniques of molecular biology. Amino acid sequencing of enzymes gave way to cDNA cloning and gene organization, augmented by in vitro expression systems and crystallization. This review traces the origins and highlights the functional significance of the lipase gene family, overlaid on the background of this technical revolution. The gene family initially consisted of three mammalian lipases [pancreatic lipase (PL), lipoprotein lipase, and hepatic lipase] based on amino acid sequence similarity and gene organization. Family size increased when several proteins were subsequently added based on amino acid homology, including PL-related proteins 1 and 2, phosphatidylserine phospholipase A1, and endothelial lipase. The physiological function of each of the members is discussed as well as the region responsible for lipase properties such as enzymatic activity, substrate binding, heparin binding, and cofactor interaction. Crystallization of several lipase gene family members established that the family belongs to a superfamily of enzymes, which includes esterases and thioesterases. This superfamily is related by tertiary structure, rather than amino acid sequence, and represents one of the most populous families found in nature. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Healthcare Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Wong, H (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Healthcare Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-28481] NR 64 TC 160 Z9 172 U1 1 U2 20 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 43 IS 7 BP 993 EP 999 DI 10.1194/jlr.R200007-JLR200 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 574DL UT WOS:000176873100001 PM 12091482 ER PT J AU Muller, JG Thompson, JT Edmonson, AM Rackley, MS Kasahara, H Izumo, S McQuinn, TC Menick, DR O'Brien, TX AF Muller, JG Thompson, JT Edmonson, AM Rackley, MS Kasahara, H Izumo, S McQuinn, TC Menick, DR O'Brien, TX TI Differential regulation of the cardiac sodium calcium exchanger promoter in adult and neonatal cardiomyocytes by Nkx2.5 and serum response factor SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nkx2.5; cardiac sodium-calcium exchanger; serum response factor; adult cardiomyocytes; neonatal cardiomyocytes ID ATRIAL-NATRIURETIC-FACTOR; ACTIN GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; DNA-BINDING TARGETS; CSX/NKX2.5 HOMEOPROTEIN; NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGER; HOMEODOMAIN FACTOR; HEART DEVELOPMENT; TINMAN HOMOLOG; HOMEOBOX GENES; EXPRESSION AB J. G. MOLLER, J. T. THOMPSON, A. M. EDMONSON, M. S. RACKLEY, H. KASAHARA, S. IZUMO, T. C. MCQUINN, D. R. MENICK AND T. X. O'BRIEN. Differential Regulation of the Cardiac Sodium Calcium Exchanger Promoter in Adult and Neonatal Cardiomyocytes by Nkx2.5 and Serum Response Factor. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology (2002) 34, 807-821. Nkx2.5 and serum response factor (SRF) are critically important transcription factors in cardiac morphogenesis. They arc also widely expressed in adult cardiomyocytes, but there is little data to indicate their possible role in adult cardiac cells. In this paper we demonstrate that the interaction of Nkx2.5 and SRF in cardiac-specific gene regulation is different between neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes. Our experimental model utilizes transient transfection and adenovirus mediated gene transfer of the proximal promoter fragment of the cardiac isoform of the sodium-calcium exchanger gene (NCX1). This promoter construct (NCX:184) contains a single Nkx2.5-response element (NKE) and a single serum response element (CArG). In rat neonatal cardiomyocytes NCX184 activity is substantially induced with Nkx2.5 or SRF and additively with both. Mutagenesis of these NKE and CArG elements demonstrated the specificity of the interactions, which was confirmed with gel retardation analysis of cardiac ventricular tissue. In contrast, in adult cardiomyocytes, co-infection of Nkx2.5 and SRF adenovirus vectors showed Nkx2.5 induction but SRF did not have additive effects on NCX1 promoter regulation. As opposed to NCX1, the proximal atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) promoter was regulated identically in response to SRF and Nkx2.5 in both adult and neonatal cardiomyocytes. These results show that Nkx2.5-SRF interactions are capable of producing different transcriptional responses in adult versus neonatal cardiomyocytes, implying important differences in NCX1 promoter tertiary complex formation dependent on developmental stage. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Res Serv, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Pediat Cardiol, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Sch Med, Div Cardiovasc, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Physiol & Funct Genom, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP O'Brien, TX (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 96 Jonathan Lucas St,Suite 816,POB 250623, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM obriente@musc.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-55284, HL-48788, T32-HL-07260] NR 43 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2828 EI 1095-8584 J9 J MOL CELL CARDIOL JI J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 34 IS 7 BP 807 EP 821 DI 10.1006/jmcc.2002.2019 PG 15 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cell Biology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Cell Biology GA 579YR UT WOS:000177207100015 PM 12099720 ER PT J AU Gluck, M Ehrhart, J Jayatilleke, E Zeevalk, GD AF Gluck, M Ehrhart, J Jayatilleke, E Zeevalk, GD TI Inhibition of brain mitochondrial respiration by dopamine: involvement of H2O2 and hydroxyl radicals but not glutathione-protein-mixed disulfides SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE dopamine; glutathione; glutathione-protein-mixed disulfides; mitochondria; Parkinson's disease; peroxide ID ELECTRON-TRANSPORT CHAIN; COMPLEX I DEFICIENCY; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; MONOAMINE-OXIDASE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; OXIDIZED GLUTATHIONE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; METABOLISM; INACTIVATION; REDUCTION AB Examination of the downstream mediators responsible for inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by dopamine (DA) was investigated. Consistent with findings reported by others, exposure of rat brain mitochondria to 0.5 mm DA for 15 min at 30degreesC inhibited pyruvate/glutamate/malate-supported state-3 respiration by 20%. Inhibition was prevented in the presence of pargyline and clorgyline demonstrating that mitochondrial inhibition arose from products formed following MAO metabolism and could include hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical, oxidized glutathione (GSSG) or glutathione-protein mixed disulfides (PrSSG). As with DA, direct incubation of intact mitochondria with H2O2 (100 mum) significantly inhibited state-3 respiration. In contrast, incubation with GSSG (1 mm) had no effect on O-2 consumption. Exposure of mitochondria to 1 mm GSSG resulted in a 3.3-fold increase in PrSSG formation compared with 1.4- and 1.5-fold increases in the presence of 100 mum H2O2 or 0.5 mm DA, respectively, suggesting a dissociation between PrSSG formation and effects on respiration. The lack of inhibition of respiration by GSSG could not be accounted for by inadequate delivery of GSSG into mitochondria as increases in PrSSG levels in both membrane-bound (2-fold) and intramatrix (3.5-fold) protein compartments were observed. Furthermore, GSSG was without effect on electron transport chain activities in freeze-thawed brain mitochondria or in pig heart electron transport particles (ETP). In contrast, H2O2 showed differential effects on inhibition of respiration supported by different substrates with a sensitivity of succinate > pyruvate/malate > glutamate/malate. NADH oxidase and succinate oxidase activities in freeze-thawed mitochondria were inhibited with IC50 approximately 2-3-fold higher than in intact mitochondria. ETPs, however, were relatively insensitive to H2O2 . Co-administration of desferrioxamine with H2O2 had no effect on complex I-associated inhibition in intact mitochondria, but attenuated inhibition of rotenone-sensitive NADH oxidase activity by 70% in freeze-thawed mitochondria. The results show that DA-associated inhibition of respiration is dependent on MAO and that H-2 O-2 and its downstream hydroxyl radical rather than increased GSSG and subsequent PrSSG formation mediate the effects. C1 UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Neurol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Bronx, NY USA. RP Zeevalk, GD (reprint author), UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Neurol, Bldg UBHC,Rm 401D,675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 36157] NR 51 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 82 IS 1 BP 66 EP 74 DI 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00938.x PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 566QC UT WOS:000176438900008 PM 12091466 ER PT J AU Zhang, XP Chen, J Graham, SH Du, LN Kochanek, PM Draviam, R Guo, FL Nathaniel, PD Szabo, C Watkins, SC Clark, RSB AF Zhang, XP Chen, J Graham, SH Du, LN Kochanek, PM Draviam, R Guo, FL Nathaniel, PD Szabo, C Watkins, SC Clark, RSB TI Intranuclear localization of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and large scale dna fragmentation after traumatic brain injury in rats and in neuronal cultures exposed to peroxynitrite SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; brain injury; controlled cortical impact; DNA damage; programmed cell death ID CORTICAL IMPACT INJURY; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; HEAD-INJURY; DENTATE GYRUS; ACTIVATION; BCL-2; CASPASE-3; CLEAVAGE; PROTEASE; EXPRESSION AB Programmed cell death occurs after ischemic, excitotoxic, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Recently, a caspase-independent pathway involving intranuclear translocation of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) has been reported in vitro; but whether this occurs after acute brain injury was unknown. To address this question adult rats were sacrificed at various times after TBI. Western blot analysis on subcellular protein fractions demonstrated intranuclear localization of AIF in ipsilateral cortex and hippocampus at 2-72 h. Immunocytochemical analysis showed AIF labeling in neuronal nuclei with DNA fragmentation in the ipsilateral cortex and hippocampus. Immunoelectronmicroscopy verified intranuclear localization of AIF in hippocampal neurons after TBI, primarily in regions of euchromatin. Large-scale DNA fragmentation (similar to50 kbp), a signature event in AIF-mediated cell death, was detected in ipsilateral cortex and hippocampi by 6 h. Neuron-enriched cultures exposed to peroxynitrite also demonstrated intranuclear AIF and large-scale DNA fragmentation concurrent with impaired mitochondrial respiration and cell death, events that are inhibited by treatment with a peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst. Intranuclear localization of AIF and large-scale DNA fragmentation occurs after TBI and in neurons under conditions of oxidative/nitrosative stress, providing the first evidence of this alternative mechanism by which programmed cell death may proceed in neurons after brain injury. C1 Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Dept Pediat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Brain Trauma Res Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Inotek Corp, Beverly, MA USA. RP Clark, RSB (reprint author), Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, 3434 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RI Kochanek, Patrick/D-2371-2015 OI Kochanek, Patrick/0000-0002-2627-913X FU NINDS NIH HHS [P50 NS 30318, R01 NS 38620] NR 49 TC 183 Z9 188 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 82 IS 1 BP 181 EP 191 DI 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00975.x PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 566QC UT WOS:000176438900021 PM 12091479 ER PT J AU Kiyashchenko, LI Mileykovskiy, BY Maidment, N Lam, HA Wu, MF John, J Peever, J Siegel, JM AF Kiyashchenko, LI Mileykovskiy, BY Maidment, N Lam, HA Wu, MF John, J Peever, J Siegel, JM TI Release of hypocretin (orexin) during waking and sleep states SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hypocretin; orexin; microdialysis; sleep-waking cycle; motor activity; cataplexy ID LOCUS-COERULEUS NEURONS; BEHAVIORAL ORGANIZATION; RETICULAR-FORMATION; UNRESTRAINED CAT; GABA RELEASE; A LEVELS; RAT; NARCOLEPSY; HYPOTHALAMUS; CYCLE AB Hypocretin (Hcrt or orexin) somas are located in the hypothalamus and project widely to forebrain and brainstem regions, densely innervating monoaminergic and cholinergic cells. Loss of Hcrt function results in the sleep disorder narcolepsy. However, the normal pattern of Hcrt release across the sleep-wake cycle is unknown. We monitored Hcrt-1 release in the basal forebrain, perifornical hypothalamus, and locus ceruleus (LC) across the sleep-wake cycle using microdialysis in freely moving cats and a sensitive solid phase radioimmunoassay. We found that the peptide concentration in dialysates from the hypothalamus was significantly higher during active waking (AW) than during slow-wave sleep (SWS). Moreover, Hcrt-1 release was significantly higher during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep than during SWS in the hypothalamus and basal forebrain. We did not detect a significant difference in release across sleep-waking states in the LC, perhaps because recovered levels of the peptide were lower at this site. Because there was a trend toward higher levels of Hcrt-1 release during AW compared with quiet waking (QW) in our 10 min dialysis samples, we compared Hcrt-1 levels in CSF in 2 hr AW and QW periods. Hcrt-1 release into CSF was 67% higher during AW than during QW. Elevated levels of Hcrt during REM sleep and AW are consistent with a role for Hcrt in the central programming of motor activity. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst Sepul, North Hills, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, North Hills, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, North Hills, CA 91343 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Evolutionary Physiol & Biochem, St Petersburg 194223, Russia. RP Siegel, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst Sepul, 16111 Plummer St, North Hills, CA 91343 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH64109]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS14610] NR 48 TC 198 Z9 204 U1 2 U2 12 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 22 IS 13 BP 5282 EP 5286 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 569JK UT WOS:000176599100006 PM 12097478 ER PT J AU Cao, GD Pei, W Ge, HL Liang, QH Luo, YM Sharp, FR Lu, AG Ran, RQ Graham, SH Chen, J AF Cao, GD Pei, W Ge, HL Liang, QH Luo, YM Sharp, FR Lu, AG Ran, RQ Graham, SH Chen, J TI In vivo delivery of a Bcl-xL fusion protein containing the TAT protein transduction domain protects against ischemic brain injury and neuronal apoptosis SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cerebral ischemia; stroke; protein transduction; Bcl-2; caspase-3; cytochrome c ID FOCAL CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; CELL-DEATH; CYTOCHROME-C; DNA FRAGMENTATION; TRANSGENIC MICE; CASPASE-9 ACTIVATION; ARTERY OCCLUSION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CNS NEURONS; IN-VIVO AB Bcl-xL is a well characterized death-suppressing molecule of the Bcl-2 family. Bcl-xL is expressed in embryonic and adult neurons of the CNS and may play a critical role in preventing neuronal apoptosis that occurs during brain development or results from diverse pathologic stimuli, including cerebral ischemia. In this study, we used a novel approach to study the potential neuroprotective effect of Bcl-xL as a therapeutic agent in the murine model of focal ischemia/reperfusion. We created a Bcl-xL fusion protein, designated as PTD-HA-Bcl-xL, which contains the protein transduction domain (PTD) derived from the human immunodeficiency TAT protein. We demonstrated that this fusion protein is highly efficient in transducing into primary neurons in cultures and potently inhibited staurosporin-induced neuronal apoptosis. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of PTD-HA-Bcl-xL into mice resulted in robust protein transduction in neurons in various brain regions within 1-2 hr, and decreased cerebral infarction (up to similar to40%) in a dose-dependent manner, as determined at 3 d after 90 min of focal ischemia. PTD-HA-Bcl-xL was effective even when it was administered after the completion of ischemia (up to 45 min), and the protective effect was independent of the changes in cerebral blood flow or other physiological parameters. Finally, as shown by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and substrate-cleavage assays, PTD-HA-Bcl-xL attenuated ischemia-induced caspase-3 activation in ischemic neurons. These results thus confirm the neuroprotective effect of Bcl-xL against ischemic brain injury and provide the first evidence that the PTD can be used to efficiently transduce a biologically active neuroprotectant in experimental cerebral ischemia. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh Inst Neurodegenerat Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, S-507,Biomed Sci Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS35965, NS36736, NS38560] NR 47 TC 306 Z9 326 U1 1 U2 14 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 22 IS 13 BP 5423 EP 5431 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 569JK UT WOS:000176599100022 PM 12097494 ER PT J AU Mesiwala, AH Goodkin, R AF Mesiwala, AH Goodkin, R TI Reversible ischemia detected by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging - Case illustration SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material DE diffusion-weighted imaging; ischemia; subdural hematoma; magnetic resonance imaging C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Goodkin, R (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA UNIV VIRGINIA, 1224 WEST MAIN ST, STE 450, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0022-3085 J9 J NEUROSURG JI J. Neurosurg. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 97 IS 1 BP 230 EP 230 DI 10.3171/jns.2002.97.1.0230 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 570NU UT WOS:000176665000039 PM 12134924 ER PT J AU Chang, BL Lee, JL Pearson, ML Kahn, KL Elliott, MN Rubenstein, LL AF Chang, BL Lee, JL Pearson, ML Kahn, KL Elliott, MN Rubenstein, LL TI Evaluating quality of nursing care - The gap between theory and practice SO JOURNAL OF NURSING ADMINISTRATION LA English DT Article ID PROSPECTIVE PAYMENT SYSTEM; HOSPITAL CHARACTERISTICS; REHABILITATION; ASSOCIATION; OUTCOMES; STROKE; NURSES; UNIT AB The purpose of this article is to determine whether nursing practice, as judged by nurse peer reviewers, varies by type or location of hospital and to assess which aspects of practice tend to be most at variance with nursing theory. This article provides a framework of continued quality assessment and improvement that is based on prior research. Trained nurse peer reviewers carried out structured implicit review, which utilized their professional judgment to evaluate the process of nursing care for patients admitted to acute hospitals with heart failure or cerebrovascular accident. Findings show significant variations in the quality of nursing care and support the continued development of nursing quality assessment and improvement initiatives directed at reducing the gap between nursing theory and practice. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Nursing, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Chang, BL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Nursing, Factor Bldg,Rm 5-238,Box 956918, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NINR NIH HHS [R01-NR03681] NR 62 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-0443 J9 J NURS ADMIN JI J. Nurs. Adm. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 32 IS 7-8 BP 405 EP 418 DI 10.1097/00005110-200207000-00009 PG 14 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 585RV UT WOS:000177539100009 PM 12177562 ER PT J AU Malaty, HM Haveman, T Graham, DY Fraley, JK AF Malaty, HM Haveman, T Graham, DY Fraley, JK TI Helicobacter pylori infection in asymptomatic children: Impact of epidemiologic factors on accuracy of diagnostic tests SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Helicobacter pylori infection; diagnostic methods; crowding; children ID UREA BREATH TEST; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; CHILDHOOD; ACQUISITION; PREVALENCE; TRANSMISSION; STAIN AB Background: Childhood is a time of high risk for acquiring H. pylori infection. Accurate information on the epidemiology of the infection requires accurate diagnostic tests. Objective: To study the epidemiologic factors that influence the accuracy of diagnostic tests among asymptomatic children. Methods: Two rapid. noninvasive assays (FlexSure(R) whole-blood test and OraSure(R) saliva test) were evaluated using the C-13-urea breath test (C-13 -UBT) as the gold standard. The three diagnostic tests were conducted in children from 10 licensed day care centers from various locations in Houston. Texas. Demographic information and socioeconomic factors evaluated included age, gender, ethnicity, and crowded living conditions in each center. The three tests were conducted oil each child on the same day, We examined the effect of epidemiologic factors on the sensitivity, the specificity, and the positive and negative predictive values of both tests. Results: Thirty-two percent of the 243 asymptomatic children who participated in the study tested positive for H. pylori using C-13-UBT. Among all the children, the sensitivities of FlexSure and OraSure were 47% (95% confidence interval, 35-57%) and 65% (95% confidence interval. 54-73%). respectively. Both tests had greater than 95% specificity. Positive and negative predictive values for FlexSure were 86% and 80%, respectively, and 98% and 86% for OraSure. Among children attending the more crowded day care centers, the sensitivities of FlexSure and OraSure were 40% and 63%, respectively, compared with 100% sensitivity for FlexSure and 80% sensitivity for OraSure among children attending the less-crowded centers. FlexSure and OraSure tests had the highest sensitivities among the 6- to 10-year-olds. Ethnicity had no effect on the sensitivity or the specificity of either test. Conclusion: Epidemiologic factors influenced the accuracy of serologic tests for diagnosing H. pylori infection in children. The lowest sensitivities of both tests were among children who attended the more crowded centers and among the youngest and oldest age groups. reflecting an increased proportion of recent infections. The strategy for choosing a diagnostic test for H. pylori infection in children varies based on the epidemiologic characteristics of the studied population. (C) 2002 LippinCott Williams Wilkins, Inc. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Div Mol Virol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Malaty, HM (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-2116 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 35 IS 1 BP 59 EP 63 DI 10.1097/01.MPG.0000016486.73596.4E PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA 578DR UT WOS:000177102600012 PM 12142811 ER PT J AU Lomarev, M Denslow, S Nahas, Z Chae, JH George, MS Bohning, DE AF Lomarev, M Denslow, S Nahas, Z Chae, JH George, MS Bohning, DE TI Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) synchronized BOLD fMRI suggests that VNS in depressed adults has frequency/dose dependent effects SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE vagus nerve stimulation; depression; FMRI ID TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; BLOOD-FLOW; RESISTANT DEPRESSION; REFRACTORY EPILEPSY; VAGAL-STIMULATION; THERAPY; SEIZURES; SPECT AB Stimulation of the vagus nerve in the neck can reduce seizures in epilepsy patients, and may be helpful in treating depression. PET studies have shown that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in epilepsy patients causes acute dose (intensity) dependent changes in regional cerebral blood flow. We sought to use the newly developed VNS synchronized fMRI technique to examine whether VNS BOLD signal changes depend on the frequency of stimulation. Six adults with recurrent depression were scanned inside a 1.5 T MR scanner. Data were acquired at rest, with the VNS device on for 7 s, and also, for comparison, while the patient listened to a tone for 7 s. In two separate back-to-back sessions, the VNS stimulation frequency was set to either 5 or 20 Hz. Data were transformed into Talairach space and then compared by condition. Compared to 5 Hz, 20 Hz VNS produced more acute activity changes from rest in regions similar to our initial VNS synchronized fMRI feasibility study in depression. Brain regions activated by hearing a tone were also greater when VNS was intermittently being applied at 20 Hz than at 5 Hz. In depressed adults, left cervical VNS causes regional brain activity changes that depend on the frequency of stimulation or total dose, or both. In addition to the acute immediate effects of VNS on regional brain activity, this study suggests further that VNS at different frequencies likely has frequency or dose dependent modulatory effects on other brain activities (e.g. hearing a tone). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. Inst Human Brain, St Petersburg, Russia. Catholic Univ Korea, Seoul, South Korea. RP Lomarev, M (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 29 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3956 J9 J PSYCHIAT RES JI J. Psychiatr. Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 36 IS 4 BP 219 EP 227 AR PII S0022-3956(02)00013-4 DI 10.1016/S0022-3956(02)00013-4 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 577KR UT WOS:000177060500003 PM 12191626 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, JL Doyle, PJ Martinez, AL Kalinyak-Fliszar, M AF Wambaugh, JL Doyle, PJ Martinez, AL Kalinyak-Fliszar, M TI Effects of two lexical retrieval cueing treatments on action naming in aphasia SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE anomia; aphasia; language; speech and language therapy; word-finding ID BRAIN-DAMAGED SUBJECTS; VERB RETRIEVAL; THERAPY; IMPAIRMENT; DEFICITS AB The effects of two cueing treatments, Phonological Cueing Treatment (PCT) and Semantic Cueing Treatment (SCT), were examined with three chronic speakers with aphasia. The effects of treatment on action naming were measured with the use of single-subject experimental designs. The participants had received PCT and SCT to improve object naming in a previous investigation and had responded positively to both treatments. In the current study, Speaker 1 received SCT, Speaker 2 received PCT, and Speaker 3 received both SCT and PCT. Action naming improved for Speakers 1 and 3, but not for Speaker 2. These findings indicate that PCT and SCT may have utility in facilitating action naming for some speakers with aphasia but that the effects of these treatments may vary across grammatical form classes (e.g., nouns versus verbs). C1 Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Salt Lake City, UT USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Wambaugh, JL (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 151 A Bldg 2,500 Foothill Blvd, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. NR 22 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 5 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 39 IS 4 BP 455 EP 466 PG 12 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 612AL UT WOS:000179051000004 PM 17638143 ER PT J AU Connor, NP Conforti, ML Heisey, DM Vanderby, R Kunz, D Hartig, GK AF Connor, NP Conforti, ML Heisey, DM Vanderby, R Kunz, D Hartig, GK TI Augmented blood removal after medicinal leech feeding in congested tissue flaps SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE heparin; leech; mechanical device; microsurgery; reconstruction; venous congestion ID RELIEVE VENOUS CONGESTION; MECHANICAL LEECH; REPLANTATION; THERAPY AB Reconstructive microsurgery is performed to reattach, transfer, or transplant body tissues. Venous congestion is a complication that threatens the viability of the affected tissue and is often treated with medicinal leeches. Leech therapy has two phases: active bloodletting and passive bleeding from the leech wound after detachment, which can last for several hours. Unfortunately, the small blood volumes removed by medicinal leeches are generally ineffective in decongesting tissue. Our goal was to develop a device to augment blood removal during the passive-bleeding phase of leech therapy with the use of a porcine model of venous congestion. Results indicated that the use of the device resulted in significant increases in blood retrieval relative to reports of passive bleeding alone (141%, 156%, and 155% in 1, 2, and 3 hours, respectively). These results are an encouraging first step toward development of a mechanical device that completely replaces the use of medicinal leeches in modem medicine. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Clin Sci, Dept Surg, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Hartig, GK (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Clin Sci, Dept Surg, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 39 IS 4 BP 505 EP 511 PG 7 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 612AL UT WOS:000179051000008 PM 17638147 ER PT J AU Garber, SL Bunzel, R Monga, TN AF Garber, SL Bunzel, R Monga, TN TI Wheelchair utilization and satisfaction following cerebral vascular accident SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE follow-up; stroke; wheelchairs ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; MINI-MENTAL-STATE; ASSISTIVE DEVICES; STROKE SURVIVORS; REHABILITATION; DEPRESSION; SCALE; PAIN AB The purpose of this cross-sectional descriptive study was to determine the extent to which wheelchairs prescribed during rehabilitation are used and perceived as satisfactorily meeting individual mobility, functional, psychological and social needs of veterans who have had a stroke. Forty-nine veterans were interviewed during a one-time visit to the Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Questionnaires on demographics, medical status, functional independence, cognition, social integration, depression, health status and well-being, and wheelchair use and satisfaction were administered. Fifteen participants (31%) no longer used their wheelchairs. Primary reasons included improved physical function (93%) and use of alternative mobility aids (87%). Use by continued wheelchair users ranged from less than 1 hour each day (29%) to more than 8 hours each day (3%). Participants who retained use of the wheelchair were satisfied with its performance. Continued use was associated with impaired mobility, physical dysfunction, and physical dependence. Participants who no longer used their wheelchairs had used them an average of 13 weeks. Medical and psychosocial problems unrelated to wheelchair use were common. Almost 45% of the participants had impaired socialization, 80% had severely compromised occupations, and 41 percent displayed mild to severe depression. Although wheelchair use declined for 31% of the participants, primarily as a result of improved physical function, it is evident that a number of wheelchairs were issued at great expense that were no longer needed. This finding, as well as the reporting of problems unrelated to wheelchair use, suggests the need for reevaluation of mobility and psychosocial needs during the years following rehabilitation for a stroke. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Excellence Healthy Aging Disabil, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv,Dept VA Rehabil Res & Dev, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Garber, SL (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Excellence Healthy Aging Disabil, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv,Dept VA Rehabil Res & Dev, 580-128,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 53 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 39 IS 4 BP 521 EP 533 PG 13 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 612AL UT WOS:000179051000010 PM 17638149 ER PT J AU Robbins, J Langmore, S Hind, JA Erlichman, M AF Robbins, J Langmore, S Hind, JA Erlichman, M TI Dysphagia research in the 21st century and beyond: Proceedings from Dysphagia Experts Meeting, August 21, 2001 SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE clinical trials; deglutition disorder; group meetings; therapeutics ID PREDICTORS; PRESSURE AB Swallowing problems (dysphagia) can occur at any age but are most prevalent in elderly individuals and are a growing healthcare concern as the geriatric population expands. Without effective diagnosis and treatment, dysphagia may lead to serious medical conditions such as pneumonia, dehydration, and malnutrition. Experts in the field of dysphagia met on August 21, 2001, in Rockville, Maryland, to respond to this heightened healthcare need and to deter-mine the course of dysphagia research. Presentations at the meeting included epidemiological data, geriatric-specific issues, diagnostic techniques, risk factors for pneumonia, and recent relevant trials. The experts identified outstanding issues in dysphagia research, such as study design, population selection, and the standardization of diagnostic and treatment protocols. They designed a clinical trial that represents what they deem is one of the greatest needs in dysphagia research, providing a critical springboard for research endeavors with far-reaching implications. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, CRECC, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Inst Aging, Madison, WI 53706 USA. AHRQ, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Robbins, J (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, CRECC, 2500 Overlook Terrace,11G, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [U01 DC0326]; NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS24427] NR 13 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 39 IS 4 BP 543 EP 547 PG 5 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 612AL UT WOS:000179051000012 PM 17638151 ER PT J AU Hung, AM Chertow, GM Young, BS Carey, S Johansen, KL AF Hung, AM Chertow, GM Young, BS Carey, S Johansen, KL TI Inflammatory markers are unrelated to physical activity, performance, and functioning in hemodialysis SO JOURNAL OF RENAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Nephrology CY OCT 10-17, 2001 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Nephrol ID CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; RECOMBINANT-HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN; AMBULATORY PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; MAINTENANCE DIALYSIS; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; PLASMA-FIBRINOGEN AB Objective: To determine the associations among dietary intake and inflammatory cytokines with physical activity, function, and performance in maintenance dialysis patients. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of cohort study. Setting: University-affiliated dialysis units, general clinical research center. Subjects: Multiethnic cohort of maintenance hemodialysis patients. Main Outcome Measures: Physical activity by accelerometry; physical performance by gait speed, stair climbing, and chair raising; physical functioning by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36-item questionnaire subscale scores; and maximal and adjusted activity scores of human activity profile. Results: Levels of inflammatory cytokines were uniformly high. Tumor necrosis factor-a was directly correlated with dietary protein and energy intake; no other cytokines were directly or inversely correlated with intake. Dietary intake was associated with physical activity, as expected, and not significantly associated with performance or function (with the exception of gait speed). There were no significant associations among inflammatory cytokines and physical activity, performance, or function. Conclusion: Although dietary intake and inflammation may independently influence traditional proxies of nutritional status, this analysis provides no evidence for a link between cytokines and physical activity, performance, or function in hemodialysis patients. More research is required to understand the role of cytokines in protein energy malnutrition and the mechanisms of wasting and functional decline in the dialysis population. (C) 2002 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Div Nephrol 111J, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94120 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Nephrol, San Francisco, CA 94120 USA. RP Hung, AM (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Div Nephrol 111J, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00083] NR 56 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1051-2276 J9 J RENAL NUTR JI J. Renal Nutr. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 12 IS 3 BP 170 EP 176 DI 10.1053/jren.2002.33513 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology GA 570UM UT WOS:000176676800005 PM 12105814 ER PT J AU Davis, TM Carpenter, KM Malte, CA Carney, M Chambers, S Saxon, AJ AF Davis, TM Carpenter, KM Malte, CA Carney, M Chambers, S Saxon, AJ TI Women in addictions treatment: comparing VA and community samples SO JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE women; addictions treatment; gender-specific treatment; veterans; psychosocial issues ID DRUG-ABUSE TREATMENT; GENDER DIFFERENCES; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; ALCOHOLISM-TREATMENT; TREATMENT RETENTION; GENERAL-POPULATION; SEX-DIFFERENCES; MEN; SERVICES; PREDICTORS AB Despite increasing awareness of gender issues in substance use treatment, women with substance use disorders (SUD) and gender-specific treatment remain understudied. This study examines differences, including identification of comorbid issues and patients' perceived treatment needs, between women in different SUD treatment settings: an intensive VA outpatient program (VA; N = 76) and a private residential/ outpatient program (Residence XII; N = 308). In both settings the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) was administered at intake; ASI data were collected from retrospective chart review. Results support previous findings that women entering SUD treatment endorse high rates of psychiatric and medical comorbidity, and past abuse. Women in VA SUD treatment experienced more impairment on indices of medical, psychiatric, and employment issues whereas the private agency sample had higher alcohol and family/social composite scores. The differences between and similarities among the two treatment groups have implications for design of women-specific SUD treatment programs. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst Excellence Subst Ab, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Inst Alcohol & Drug Abuse, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Residence XII Chem Dependency Treatment Women, Kirkland, WA 98034 USA. RP Davis, TM (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div S116ATC, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0740-5472 J9 J SUBST ABUSE TREAT JI J. Subst. Abus. Treat. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 AR PII S0740-5472(02)00242-8 DI 10.1016/S0740-5472(02)00242-8 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 581JV UT WOS:000177289500005 PM 12127467 ER PT J AU Norman, DC AF Norman, DC TI Management of antibiotic-resistant bacteria SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE older; bacterial resistance; long-term care; pneumonia ID TERM-CARE FACILITY; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; NURSING-HOME; INFECTION; APPROPRIATENESS; COLONIZATION AB Optimizing the management of antibiotic resistance is an important strategy in improving outcomes for infectious diseases in older persons. Strategies that manage antibiotic resistance must take into account all clinical settings, because resistant pathogens previously seen only in acute care facilities are becoming increasingly common in long-term care facilities. Recently, modest improvement in therapeutic options for the treatment of infections due to resistant pathogens has become available because of the development of newer antibiotics. Some of these drugs are briefly discussed in this review, but the best strategy is to limit the potential for the development of resistance and transmission of these pathogens. This can best be accomplished by minimizing misuse of antibiotics and maximizing adherence to basic hygiene standards. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Norman, DC (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, 11201 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 50 IS 7 SU S BP S242 EP S246 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 572BY UT WOS:000176754600005 PM 12121520 ER PT J AU Soloria, MR Asch, SM Globe, D Cunningham, WE AF Soloria, MR Asch, SM Globe, D Cunningham, WE TI The association of access to medical care with regular source of care and sociodemographic characteristics in patients with HIV and tuberculosis SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE HIV; TB; access to care ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; VULNERABLE POPULATIONS; SERVICES; HOSPITALIZATIONS; COMMUNITY; OUTCOMES; DISEASE; LATINOS AB Purpose: To examine satisfaction with access to health care in two populations, one with HIV and one with TB, and examine the effect of having a regular doctor and sociodemographic characteristics. Design: Cross-Sectional survey. Patients: A sample of HIV inpatients hospitalized at seven Los Angeles sites (N = 217) and TB outpatients chosen randomly from the Los Angeles County TB Registry Census (N = 313). Analysis: We performed bivariate and multivariate regression analyses of satisfaction with access to care on gender, race/ethnicity, age, education, income, insurance, and having a regular doctor. Main Outcome Measures: A six-item scale of satisfaction with access to care (range 0-100; Cronbach's alpha 0.87), Results: The mean satisfaction with access score for the HIV sample was significantly lower than the TB sample (53.5 vs. 61.2, p<0.001). The HIV sample multivariate analysis (including all the variables) showed that increasing age (p<0.02) and having a regular doctor (p<0.002) were associated with better access, and that low income (p<0.005) was associated with poor access. In the TB sample analysis, only increasing age was associated with better satisfaction with access to care (p<0.01). Conclusion: HIV patients receiving care in the private sector reported less satisfaction with access to care compared to TB patients receiving care in the public health sector. The traditional factors of socio-economic status and having a regular doctor were associated with satisfaction with access-to-care in the HIV sample but not the TB sample. Our findings suggest that certain characteristics of the TB public health programs may explain these differences and suggests that, perhaps, the existence of a similar public health program for vulnerable low-income populations with HIV would improve their satisfaction with access, as well. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Family Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Gen Insternal Med & Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Soloria, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Family Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL MED ASSOC PI WASHINGON PA 1012 10TH ST, N W, WASHINGON, DC 20001 USA SN 0027-9684 J9 J NATL MED ASSOC JI J. Natl. Med. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 94 IS 7 BP 581 EP 589 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 573DW UT WOS:000176814900020 PM 12126284 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Wieder, JA Jack, GS Dorey, F deKernion, JB Aronson, WJ AF Freedland, SJ Wieder, JA Jack, GS Dorey, F deKernion, JB Aronson, WJ TI Improved risk stratification for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy using a novel risk group system based on prostate specific antigen density and biopsy Gleason score SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate; prostate-specific antigen; prostatectomy; prostatic neoplasms; risk ID INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR; PROGNOSTIC INDICATOR; CANCER; CARCINOMA; RADIOTHERAPY; SPECIMENS; THERAPY; RACE AB Purpose: Previous studies have suggested that prostate specific antigen (PSA) density is a significant independent predictor of biochemical failure after primary therapy. We determined whether pathological PSA density using surgical weight of the radical prostatectomy specimen was an independent predictor of adverse pathological features or biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. We also examined whether combining pathological PSA density with biopsy Gleason score improved risk stratification compared with serum PSA and biopsy Gleason score for predicting PSA recurrence after prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: Multivariate analysis was used to determine whether pathological PSA density was an independent predictor of adverse pathology or PSA recurrence after radical prostatectomy in 325 patients treated at a Veterans Affairs medical center. Cutoff points of pathological PSA density were generated to identify patients at various risks for biochemical recurrence. These cutoffs were combined with biopsy Gleason cutoff points 2 to 6, 7 and 8 to 10 to generate a risk stratification system that was compared with a previous risk stratification system using PSA and biopsy Gleason score cutoff points. The validity of the risk stratification system using pathological PSA density and biopsy Gleason score was evaluated in another cohort of 490 patients treated with radical prostatectomy at a tertiary care medical center. Results: Pathological PS A density was an independent predictor of positive surgical margins (p < 0.001), nonorgan confined disease (p < 0.001), seminal vesicle invasion (p = 0.003) and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy (p < 0.001). The cutoff points for pathological PSA density of less than 0.3, 0.3 to 0.7 and greater than 0.7 ng./ml./gm. separated patients into 3 distinct groups at increasing risk for biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy (p < 0.001). Pathological PSA density cutoffs combined with biopsy Gleason score cutoffs 2 to 6, 7 and 8 to 10 provided better risk stratification for biochemical failure than cutoffs based on a combination of PSA and biopsy Gleason score in patients treated at the Veterans Affairs (hazards ratio 3.04, confidence interval 2.25 to 4.11, p < 0.001) and tertiary care (hazards ratio 2.38, confidence interval 1.78 to 3.18, p < 0.001) medical centers. Conclusions: Pathological PSA density was a strong predictor of advanced pathology and biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy. Pathological PSA density combined with biopsy Gleason score defined a novel risk group system that improved risk stratification compared with a combination of PSA and biopsy Gleason score. These results were validated in another cohort of patients treated with radical prostatectomy at a tertiary care medical center. Further studies are required using PSA density values calculated from preoperative transrectal ultrasound measurements to determine whether a combination of PSA density and biopsy Gleason score provides significant pretreatment risk stratification. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Aronson, WJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 19 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 168 IS 1 BP 110 EP 115 AR UNSP 0022-5347/02/1681-0110/0 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64841-0 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 562LQ UT WOS:000176198600023 PM 12050502 ER PT J AU Hoffman, WF Essink, B Hansen, TE AF Hoffman, WF Essink, B Hansen, TE TI Use of the clinical laboratory in the diagnosis and treatment of depression SO LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-INFLAMMATORY MARKERS; MAJOR DEPRESSION; VALPROIC ACID; EXPERIENCE; DISORDERS; BLOOD; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; STRESS; PLASMA; RISK C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Div Mental Hlth, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Psychiat, Portland, OR USA. RP Hoffman, WF (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Div Mental Hlth, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0007-5027 J9 LAB MED JI Lab. Med. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 33 IS 7 BP 511 EP 514 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 565NK UT WOS:000176376200011 ER PT J AU Rosen, HR Schwartz, JM AF Rosen, HR Schwartz, JM TI Hepatitis C quasispecies and severity of recurrence: Cause, consequence, or coincidence? SO LIVER TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; HYPERVARIABLE REGION-1; SEQUENCE VARIATION; VIRUS-INFECTION; EVOLUTION; VARIANTS; RESPONSES; SERUM; HCV AB Recurrence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection after liver transplantation is almost universal and usually leads to chronic hepatitis with different degrees of severity. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying the variable outcome of HCV infection recurrence are not well defined, but recent data suggest that the dynamics of HCV quasispecies may be involved. HCV quasispecies evolution was traced by longitudinal single-strand conformation polymorphism, direct sequencing, and cloning analyses of pretransplant and posttransplant HCV-1b isolates from patients with histologically severe (seven cases) or mild or moderate (nine cases) HCV infection recurrence. Differences between the two groups of patients that concerned the level of viremia or the degree of HCV quasispecies complexity and diversity were not observed at any of the three time points analyzed. However, emergence of nucleotide and amino acid changes during the 12-month follow-up was significantly more frequent in patients with mild or moderate than in those with severe HCV infection recurrence. The ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitutions 12 months after transplantation was also greater in the former, suggesting that the HVR1 of HCV is under stronger selective pressure in these subjects. These findings suggest that the degree of amino acid diversification in the HVR1 of HCV, which probably reflects the strength of immune pressure on HCV, is inversely related to the histologic severity of HCV infection recurrence. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Gastroenterol & Liver Transplantat Program, Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Rosen, HR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Gastroenterol & Liver Transplantat Program, Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1527-6465 J9 LIVER TRANSPLANT JI Liver Transplant. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 8 IS 7 BP 646 EP 648 DI 10.1053/jlts.2002.0080646 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 568HA UT WOS:000176535300015 PM 12089722 ER PT J AU Chapko, MK Borowsky, SJ Fortney, JC Hedeen, AN Hoegle, M Maciejewski, ML Lukas, CV AF Chapko, MK Borowsky, SJ Fortney, JC Hedeen, AN Hoegle, M Maciejewski, ML Lukas, CV TI Evaluation of the Department of Veterans Affairs Community-Based Outpatient Clinics SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development CY FEB 23, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. DE veterans; primary care; community clinics; quality of care; cost; utilization; satisfaction ID CARE AB OBJECTIVE. This paper describes the history of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Community-Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs), CBOC Performance Evaluation Project, and characteristics of CBOCs within the VA, and summarizes the findings and implications of the CBOC Performance Evaluation Project. SUBJECTS. There were 139 CBOCs in operation at the end of fiscal year 1998. Ninety-eight percent of CBOCs offered primary health care, and 28% offered primary health care and primary mental health care. The average CBOC was 70.7 miles from its parent VAMC. Sixty-one percent of the CBOCs were located in urban areas and 39% were in rural areas. Sixty-four percent of the CBOCs were VA-staff and 36% were contract. RESULTS. The details of the project's findings are reported in four companion papers that describe, respectively, health care access and utilization, cost of care, patient perceptions of care, and quality of care in VA CBOCs. For most measures, CBOC performance was equivalent to their parent VAMCs. However, there were a few areas of potential concern: CBOCs had fewer patients that reported having one provider or team in charge of care; CBOC patients had fewer specialty visits; and CBOCs served a smaller percent of women and black persons. CONCLUSION. CBOCs appear to be performing comparably to their parent medical centers but will benefit from ongoing monitoring. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Northwest Ctr Outcomes Res Older Adults, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Minneapolis VAMC, Ctr Chron Dis Outcome Res, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN USA. Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Cent Mental Hlth & Outcomes Res, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, N Little Rock, AR USA. RP Chapko, MK (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Northwest Ctr Outcomes Res Older Adults, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, HSR&D 152 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 10 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUL PY 2002 VL 40 IS 7 BP 555 EP 560 DI 10.1097/00005650-200207000-00001 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 572XJ UT WOS:000176800000001 PM 12142770 ER PT J AU Fortney, JC Borowsky, SJ Hedeen, AN Maciejewski, ML Chapko, MK AF Fortney, JC Borowsky, SJ Hedeen, AN Maciejewski, ML Chapko, MK TI VA Community-Based Outpatient Clinics - Access and utilization performance measures SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE veterans; performance measures; access; utilization ID PREVENTIVE SERVICES; EARLY READMISSION; AMBULATORY CARE; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; DISTANCE; HOSPITALIZATIONS; MANAGEMENT; VETERANS AB OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to compare access and utilization performance measures between Community-Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOC) and primary care clinics at parent VA Medical Centers (VAMC) and between VA-staff CBOCs and contract CBOCs. METHODS. The study design was cross-sectional and retrospective. Performance measures were based on data routinely collected for administrative and research purposes by the VA. The sample included all primary care patients (n = 37,084) treated at the 38 CBOCs opened before 4/1/98 (30 VA-staff and 8 contract) and all primary care patients (n = 318,369) treated at the 32 parent VAMCs. Six months of service use data were used to derive the access and utilization performance measures. Multivariate regression analyses were used to control for observable casemix differences. RESULTS. CBOCs are attracting new high priority patients to the VA health care system. CBOC patients had more primary care encounters and fewer specialty encounters than patients in the primary care clinics of the parent VAMCs. VA-staffed CBOC patients had more primary care encounters and fewer specialty encounters than contract CBOC patients. CONCLUSIONS. CBOCs are helping the VA achieve its goals of attracting new patients and shifting the focus of care from the specialty to the primary care setting. C1 Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Ctr Mental Hlth & Outcomes Res, Hlt Serv Res & Dev, N Little Rock, AR USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Mental Healthcare Res, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. Minneapolis VAMC, Ctr Chron Dis Outcomes Res, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Ctr Outcomes Res Older Adults, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Fortney, JC (reprint author), VA HSR&D, CeMHOR, CAVHS, 152 NLR,2200 Ft Root Dr,Bldg 58, North Little Rock, AR 72114 USA. NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUL PY 2002 VL 40 IS 7 BP 561 EP 569 DI 10.1097/00005650-200207000-00002 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 572XJ UT WOS:000176800000002 PM 12142771 ER PT J AU Hedeen, AN Heagerty, PJ Fortney, JC Borowsky, SJ Walder, DJ Chapko, MK AF Hedeen, AN Heagerty, PJ Fortney, JC Borowsky, SJ Walder, DJ Chapko, MK TI VA Community-Based Outpatient Clinics - Quality of care performance measures SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development CY FEB 23, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. DE quality of care; performance measures; veterans; community clinics AB BACKGROUND. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) recently initiated a system of Community-Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs) to enhance delivery of primary care to veterans. OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to compare quality of care provided to veterans at CBOCs and at traditional hospital-based VA Medical Center (VAMC) clinics. RESEARCH DESIGN. Quality of care was assessed using medical record data abstracted at CBOCs and VAMCs. The analysis used a logistic regression model that allowed for possible within-facility correlation and controlled for patient differences between facilities. SUBJECTS. The study included 4768 patients from 20 geographically diverse CBOCs and 2433 patients from the 20 VAMCs associated with these CBOCs. MEASURES. Quality of care was measured using 7 Prevention Index (PI) indicators and 9 Chronic Disease Care Index (CDCI) indicators, which assess compliance with nationally recognized guidelines for primary prevention, early disease detection, and care of patients with chronic disease. RESULTS. In the overall CBOC versus VAMC comparisons, performance was not significantly different on 15 of the 16 PI and CDCI indicators. In the comparisons between individual CBOCs and VAMCs pairs, 5 out of 20 CBOCs performed significantly below the affiliated VAMC on 4 or more indicators. CONCLUSIONS. These results suggest that CBOCs overall are providing a similar level of quality of care as VAMCs based on the PI and CDCI, although performance at several individual CBOCs fell below their affiliated VAMC on some indicators. Therefore, it appears that CBOCs are a valid approach for providing quality primary care to veterans. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Ctr Outcome Res Older Adults, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Ctr Mental Hlth & Outcomes Res, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, N Little Rock, AR USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Mental Healthcare Res, N Little Rock, AR USA. Minneapolis VAMC, Ctr Chron Dis Outcomes Res, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Vet Hlth Adm, Off Qualit & Performance, Washington, DC USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hedeen, AN (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Ctr Outcome Res Older Adults, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, HSR&D 152,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 16 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUL PY 2002 VL 40 IS 7 BP 570 EP 577 DI 10.1097/00005650-200207000-00003 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 572XJ UT WOS:000176800000003 PM 12142772 ER PT J AU Borowsky, SJ Nelson, DB Fortney, JC Hedeen, AN Bradley, JL Chapko, MK AF Borowsky, SJ Nelson, DB Fortney, JC Hedeen, AN Bradley, JL Chapko, MK TI VA Community-Based Outpatient Clinics - Performance measures based on patient perceptions of care SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE patient satisfaction; access to care; veterans ID SATISFACTION; DISSATISFACTION; DISENROLLMENT; ACCESS; PLAN AB BACKGROUND. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) recently initiated a system of Community- Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs) to enhance delivery of primary care to veterans. OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of CBOCs on patients' perceptions of care. RESEARCH DESIGN. The study design is a cross-sectional survey. SUBJECTS. This study compares 4,980 patients from 44 geographically diverse CBOCs to 4,159 patients from 36 parent VA Medical Center primary care clinics administratively and geographically associated with the CBOCs studied. MEASURES. Survey data were obtained from the 1998 VA National Outpatient Customer Satisfaction Survey which assesses eight multiitem scales addressing access and timeliness of care, education/information, patient preferences, emotional support, coordination of care, courtesy, and specialty care access. Each scale was evaluated based upon item responses that indicate a problem with care. The survey also contained SF-12 health status measures used for case-mix adjustment. RESULTS. Multivariate logistic regression controlling for patient health status measures revealed that CBOC patients reported fewer problems with care than VA-based patients on 7 of 8 scales though the absolute differences were small for most of the scales. The largest difference was observed for the access/timeliness scale. Significant differences between VA-staff and contract CBOCs were not observed. CONCLUSIONS. These results suggest that veterans participating in VA's initiative to provide primary care in community-based settings report no more than, and in some dimensions fewer problems with care compared with veterans who receive care in VAMC clinics. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Ctr Outcomes Res Older Adults, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA USA. Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Ctr Mental Hlth & Outcomes Res, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, N Little Rock, AR USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Mental Healthcare Res, Little Rock, AR USA. Minneapolis VAMC, Ctr Chron Dis Outcome Res, Health Serv Res & Dev, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Borowsky, SJ (reprint author), 3850 Pk Nicollet Clin Blvd, Minneapolis, MN 55416 USA. NR 16 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUL PY 2002 VL 40 IS 7 BP 578 EP 586 DI 10.1097/00005650-200207000-00004 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 572XJ UT WOS:000176800000004 PM 12142773 ER PT J AU Maciejewski, ML Chapko, MK Hedeen, AN Fortney, JC AF Maciejewski, ML Chapko, MK Hedeen, AN Fortney, JC TI VA Community-Based Outpatient Clinics - Cost performance measures SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE VA; community clinics; costs; performance measures ID MEDICARE CAPITATION PAYMENTS; HOSPITAL RESOURCES; CARE; QUALITY AB OBJECTIVE. To examine the direct costs of treating veterans in Community-Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOC) and primary care clinics operated by VA medical centers (VAMCs) between April 1998 and September 1998. RESEARCH DESIGN. In a retrospective observational study of patients in eighteen CBOCs and fourteen VAMCs, direct costs were compared. In addition, the costs of treating patients in new and established CBOCs were also examined. MEASURES. The three types of costs examined include direct cost per primary care visit, direct primary care cost per patient, and total direct cost per patient in ordinary least squares regressions with facility-specific random effects. Indirect costs for overhead and administration were excluded. All cost comparisons controlled for patient characteristics and case-mix differences via the Diagnostic Cost Group methodology. RESULTS. Results indicate that CBOC patients and VAMC patients had similar direct primary care costs on a per visit and per patient basis. Total direct costs for CBOC patients were lower compared with VAMC patients, because of lower specialty and ancillary care costs. Patients in new CBOCs had similar primary, specialty, ancillary and inpatient care costs when compared with patients in established CBOCs. CONCLUSION. Lower total costs for CBOC patients may be a consequence of substituting primary care at CBOCs for expensive specialty and ancillary care at VAMCs. CBOCs may be an alternative approach to providing care to veterans at a lower cost than traditional delivery models based in VA Medical Centers. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Ctr Outcome Res Older Adults, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Ctr Mental Hlth & Outcomes Res, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, N Little Rock, AR USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Mental Healthcare Res, Little Rock, AR USA. RP Maciejewski, ML (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Ctr Outcome Res Older Adults, 152,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUL PY 2002 VL 40 IS 7 BP 587 EP 595 DI 10.1097/00005650-200207000-00005 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 572XJ UT WOS:000176800000005 PM 12142774 ER PT J AU Korthuis, PT Nekhlyudov, L Ziganshin, AU Sadigh, M Green, ML AF Korthuis, PT Nekhlyudov, L Ziganshin, AU Sadigh, M Green, ML TI Implementation of a cross-cultural evidence-based medicine curriculum SO MEDICAL TEACHER LA English DT Article AB While principles of evidence-based medicine (EBM) are increasingly prevalent in medical education curricula in Europe and North America, medical educators elsewhere face formidable barriers to its implementation. We sought to determine the feasibility of implementing a learner-centered, case-based EBM curriculum among academic physicians in Kazan, Russia, facilitated by residents participating in an international health elective. This article reports that implementation of an EBM curriculum is feasible during a resident international health elective and that mutually beneficial educational exchanges represent an opportunity for teaching the tenets of EBM abroad. C1 Yale Sch Med, Primary Care Internal Med Residency, New Haven, CT USA. RP Korthuis, PT (reprint author), Greater Los Angeles VA Syst, Bldg 500,Room 3233,11301 Wilshire Blvd 111G, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. OI Ziganshin, Ayrat/0000-0002-9087-7927 NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU CARFAX PUBLISHING PI BASINGSTOKE PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0142-159X J9 MED TEACH JI Med. Teach. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 24 IS 4 BP 444 EP 446 PG 4 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 577LR UT WOS:000177062800022 PM 12193334 ER PT J AU Harris, NR Whitt, SP Zilberberg, J Alexander, JS Rumbaut, RE AF Harris, NR Whitt, SP Zilberberg, J Alexander, JS Rumbaut, RE TI Extravascular transport of fluorescently labeled albumins in the rat mesentery SO MICROCIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE microvascular permeability; endothelial barrier; protein diffusion; reperfusion injury; nitric oxide ID ENDOTHELIAL CELL-INTERACTIONS; NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; HAMSTER-CHEEK POUCH; MICROVASCULAR PERMEABILITY; RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; LEUKOCYTE ADHESION; ISCHEMIA; REPERFUSION; LEAKAGE; MICROCIRCULATION AB Objective: Fluorescently labeled albumin is used frequently as a tracer when monitoring microvascular permeability. Several fluorescent dyes are available for labeling protein, including fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and Texas Red (TR). Because differences in leakage of dye-labeled proteins have been reported., the objective of the present study was to compare the accumulation of these two tracers in interstitium and lymph after the inflammatory event of ischemia-reperfusion. Methods: Anesthetized rats were injected intravenously with FITC-labeled albumin (FITC-alb) and TR-labeled albumin (TR-alb) before 30 minutes of mesenteric ischemia. Because the tracers leaked out of the microcirculation after reperfusion. accumulation in the surrounding buffer-superfused tissue. and in separate experiments. accumulation in lymph vessels, was defined as the ratio of tissue-to-plasma and lymph-to-plasma fluorescence. Results: Reperfusion induced a significant increase in tissue-to-plasma fluorescence of FITC-alb, however. no increase was observed for TR-alb. In contrast, lymph-to-plasma fluorescence of TR-alb tended to be greater than FITC-alb. Reperfusion-induced increases in tissue-to-plasma fluorescence of TR-alb occurred only when the superfusate was replaced with mineral oil. in which case tissue-to-plasma TR-alb fluorescence tended to be greater than FITC-alb. Conclusions: Measurement of fluorescently labeled albumin leak-age from mesenteric venules depends on the dye used to label the albumin and requires an assessment of losses from the extravascular measuring region. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Bioengn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Missouri, Pulm & Crit Care Div, Dept Internal Med, Columbia, MO USA. Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Mol & Cellular Physiol, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Harris, NR (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Bioengn, 223 Hallowell Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL064721, R01 HL-64721]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK43785]; PHS HHS [R37 42528] NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1073-9688 J9 MICROCIRCULATION JI Microcirculation PD JUL PY 2002 VL 9 IS 3 BP 177 EP 187 DI 10.1038/sj.mn.7800135 PG 11 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 562UG UT WOS:000176216900003 PM 12080415 ER PT J AU Rumbaut, RE Huxley, VH AF Rumbaut, RE Huxley, VH TI Similar permeability responses to nitric oxide synthase inhibitors of venules from three animal species SO MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE endothelium; rat; pig; frog; albumin; nitric oxide synthase; L-NMMA; L-NAME ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; L-NAME; ALBUMIN; LEAKAGE; FLOW; TRANSPORT; PROTEINS AB The influence of nitric oxide (NO) on microvascular permeability remains unclear. NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors have been reported to increase as well as to decrease permeability in different experimental models and animal species. We tested the hypothesis that NOS inhibitors influence venular permeability differently in amphibians and mammals. Permeability coefficients to albumin (P-s(alb)) were measured on in situ mesenteric venules of the frog and rat and excised pig coronary venules before and after exposure to NOS inhibitors. Despite individual variability in magnitude of responses, NOS inhibitors resulted in a reduction in p(s)(alb) in each species. Superfusion with 10(-5) M N-G -monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) reduced P-s(alb) of frog mescnteric venules by 42% (from a median of 11.4 X 10(-7)cm s(-1), n = 12, P < 0.01) and by 67% in porcine coronary venules (from 12.5 X 10(-7) cm s(-1), n = 5, P < 0.05). The response was attenuated in rat mesenteric venules; 10(-4) M N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) reduced p(s)(alb) by 23% (from 7.6 X 10(-7) cm s(-1), n = 9, P = 0.01). The inactive D-enantiomers of the NOS inhibitors were without effect on P-s(alb) in each model. In pig venules, perfusion with blood modified the permeability responses to L-NMMA, suggesting that effects of NO on permeability are modified by one or more elements of blood. These data support a role of nitric oxide release on venular permeability to albumin that is conserved among the three animal species. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Physiol, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. RP Rumbaut, RE (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd,Bldg 109,Room 114, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL-64721, P01 HL-52490, R37 HL-42528, R01 HL064721] NR 37 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0026-2862 J9 MICROVASC RES JI Microvasc. Res. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 64 IS 1 BP 21 EP 31 DI 10.1006/mvre.2002.2394 PG 11 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 569YN UT WOS:000176631000003 PM 12074627 ER PT J AU Cummings, DE Clement, K Purnell, JQ Vaisse, C Foster, KE Frayo, RS Schwartz, MW Basdevant, A Weigle, DS AF Cummings, DE Clement, K Purnell, JQ Vaisse, C Foster, KE Frayo, RS Schwartz, MW Basdevant, A Weigle, DS TI Elevated plasma ghrelin levels in Prader-Willi syndrome SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID MELANOCORTIN-4 RECEPTOR; STOMACH; OBESITY; SIGNAL C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Paris 06, Hotel Dieu EA 3502, Serv Med & Nutr, F-75252 Paris, France. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Diabet, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Cummings, DE (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Vaisse, Christian/F-1067-2011; Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK060540] NR 18 TC 364 Z9 373 U1 3 U2 21 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 8 IS 7 BP 643 EP 644 DI 10.1038/nm0702-643 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 567QG UT WOS:000176495200003 PM 12091883 ER PT J AU Baker, L Cholerton, B Sambamurti, K Gleason, C Asthana, S Watson, S Craft, S Hale, C AF Baker, L Cholerton, B Sambamurti, K Gleason, C Asthana, S Watson, S Craft, S Hale, C TI Estrogen alters plasma beta-amyloid (1-40) in postmenopausal women with AD SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA USA. Mayo Clin, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Puget Sound, Vet Affairs Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA 98416 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 SU 1 MA 400 BP S106 EP S106 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584KG UT WOS:000177465300390 ER PT J AU Bonner, LT Li, G Hoff, DJ Raskind, MA AF Bonner, LT Li, G Hoff, DJ Raskind, MA TI Adrenergic antagonists for disruptive agitation in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 SU 1 MA 343 BP S90 EP S90 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584KG UT WOS:000177465300334 ER PT J AU Fishel, M Tsuang, D O'Connell, J Peskind, E Raskind, M Leverenz, J Cook, D AF Fishel, M Tsuang, D O'Connell, J Peskind, E Raskind, M Leverenz, J Cook, D TI Psychosis in adult down syndrome patients: Clinical and neuropathologic characteristics SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, CHDD, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 SU 1 MA 563 BP S150 EP S150 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584KG UT WOS:000177465300550 ER PT J AU Forman, MS Giasson, BI Lee, VMY Trojanowski, JQ Duda, JE Miller, B AF Forman, MS Giasson, BI Lee, VMY Trojanowski, JQ Duda, JE Miller, B TI Convergence of tau and alpha-synuclein pathology in dementia patients: Chance event or mechanistically linked? SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 SU 1 MA 500 BP S132 EP S132 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584KG UT WOS:000177465300489 ER PT J AU McMillan, P Cook, D Leverenz, J Kulstad, J Schellenberg, G Craft, S Ericksen, S Jin, LW Roth, R Kovacina, K AF McMillan, P Cook, D Leverenz, J Kulstad, J Schellenberg, G Craft, S Ericksen, S Jin, LW Roth, R Kovacina, K TI Reduced hippocampal insulin degrading enzyme in late-onset Alzheimer's disease is associated with the apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 allele SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 SU 1 MA 1468 BP S400 EP S400 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584KG UT WOS:000177465301443 ER PT J AU Raskind, M Truyen, L AF Raskind, M Truyen, L TI Galantamine has cognitive benefits for patients with Alzheimer's disease after 36 months of continuous treatment SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Janssen Res Fdn, Titusville, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 SU 1 MA 429 BP S113 EP S114 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584KG UT WOS:000177465300419 ER PT J AU Religa, D London, H Styczynska, M Haroutunian, V AF Religa, D London, H Styczynska, M Haroutunian, V TI Amyloid beta pathology in Alzheimer disease and schizophrenia SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Polish Acad Sci, Dept Neurod Dis, MRC, Huddinge, Sweden. KI, NEUROTEC, Stockholm, Sweden. Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci Occupat Therapy & Elderly Care, Huddinge, Sweden. Polish Acad Sci, Med Res Ctr, Dept Neurodegenerat Disorders, Warsaw, Poland. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Bronx, NY USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 SU 1 MA 714 BP S190 EP S191 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584KG UT WOS:000177465300698 ER PT J AU Watson, GS Peskind, ER Asthana, S Purganan, K Wait, C Chapman, D Baker, LD Cholerton, B Schellenberg, G Craft, S AF Watson, GS Peskind, ER Asthana, S Purganan, K Wait, C Chapman, D Baker, LD Cholerton, B Schellenberg, G Craft, S TI ApoE genotype and age moderate insulin effects on CSF and serum apoE levels SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 23 IS 1 SU 1 MA 1479 BP S403 EP S403 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584KG UT WOS:000177465301453 ER PT J AU Minshew, NJ Meyer, J Goldstein, G AF Minshew, NJ Meyer, J Goldstein, G TI Abstract reasoning in autism: A dissociation between concept formation and concept identification SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARD SORTING TEST; CHILDREN; INDIVIDUALS; DIAGNOSIS AB The concept identification and concept formation aspects of abstract reasoning were examined in 90 nonmentally retarded individuals with autism and 107 normal controls. It was hypothesized that pronounced deficits would be found on concept formation tests, whereas performance on concept identification tests would be relatively intact. There was a significant difference between individuals with autism and individuals from a matched control group on all abstract reasoning tasks, but, with the exception of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (R. K. Heaton et al., 1993), differences on concept identification tests were not clinically significant. Factor analyses showed that concept formation and concept identification tasks loaded on separate factors in the autism group but not in the control group. Stepwise discriminant function analyses revealed that 2 tests of concept formation correctly classified 78.4% of cases, whereas concept identification tasks did not pass the tolerance test. C1 Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Goldstein, G (reprint author), Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, 7180 Highland Dr,151R, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD35469]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS33355] NR 37 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0894-4105 J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGY JI Neuropsychology PD JUL PY 2002 VL 16 IS 3 BP 327 EP 334 DI 10.1037//0894-4105.16.3.327 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Neurosciences; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 577RV UT WOS:000177076300004 PM 12146680 ER PT J AU Wachter, BG Leonetti, JP Lee, JM Wurster, RD Young, MRI AF Wachter, BG Leonetti, JP Lee, JM Wurster, RD Young, MRI TI Silver nitrate injury in the rat sciatic nerve: A model of facial nerve, injury SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CRUSH INJURY; RECOVERY; MORPHOMETRY; INDEX AB BACKGROUND: An unpublished communication of a permanent facial paralysis secondary to silver nitrate application in a postoperative mastoid cavity with a dehiscent facial nerve raises concern regarding its neurotoxicity. This study was performed to examine functional neural Injury and the morphology of nerve injury due to silver nitrate contact with a peripheral motor nerve. METHODS., Sprague-Dawley male rats were assigned to a sham surgery group or to a group where silver nitrate was applied directly to a surgically exposed sciatic nerve for 1, 5, or 10 seconds. Individual walking track data were collected on postoperative days (POD) 1, 4, 7, and 14, and the Sciatic Functional Index (SFI) was calculated to assess neural function. On POD 14, the cauterized nerve was harvested, and the histologic axon loss of each specimen was graded. RESULTS: In all experimental groups, the most severe functional loss was noted on POD 1. At POD 14 the greatest neural recovery was observed in the 1-second group, whereas the 5- and 10-second cautery groups demonstrated a significantly worse deficit. A moderate or greater degree of axon loss was observed in 50% of animals Injured for 1 second and nearly all animals injured for 5 or 10 seconds. CONCLUSION: Functional and neuropathologic data demonstrate that silver nitrate causes significant injury to the rat sciatic nerve. A 5-second cautery causes greater functional Impairment and more severe axonal loss than a 1-second Injury. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Dept Res Serv, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Physiol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. RP Young, MRI (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Dept Res Serv, 151-Z2,Bldg 1,Room A319, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 127 IS 1 BP 48 EP 54 DI 10.1067/mhn.2002.126592 PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 582WA UT WOS:000177373100008 PM 12161730 ER PT J AU Pfutzer, RH Tadic, SD Li, HS Thompson, BS Zhang, JY Ford, ME Eagon, PK Whitcomb, DC AF Pfutzer, RH Tadic, SD Li, HS Thompson, BS Zhang, JY Ford, ME Eagon, PK Whitcomb, DC TI Pancreatic cholesterol esterase, ES-10, and fatty acid ethyl ester synthase III gene expression are increased in the pancreas and liver but not in the brain or heart with long-term ethanol feeding in rats SO PANCREAS LA English DT Article DE cholesterol esterase; ethanol; fatty acid ethyl esters; gene expression; pancreatitis ID ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS; CARBOXYLESTER LIPASE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CONSUMPTION; CELLS; CDNA; METABOLISM; PURIFICATION AB Introduction: Chronic alcohol consumption predisposes susceptible individuals to both acute and chronic pancreatitis. Aims: Our hypothesis was that alcohol increases the risk of pancreatitis by disrupting defense mechanisms and/or enhancing injury-associated pathways through altered gene expression. Hence, we studied the expression of pancreatic genes in rats chronically exposed to ethanol. Methodology: Male Wistar rats were pair-fed liquid diets without and with ethanol for 4 weeks. Total RNA was extracted from rat pancreas and other organs. The mRNA expression patterns among pancreatic samples from ethanol-fed rats and controls were compared with use of mRNA differential display. The differentially expressed cDNA tags were isolated, cloned, and sequenced. Results: One cDNA tag that was overexpressed in the pancreas showed 99% sequence homology to a rat pancreatic cholesterol esterase mRNA (CEL; Enzyme Commission number [EC] 3.1.1.13). The differential expression was confirmed by real-time PCR. Gene expression was also increased in the liver but not in the heart or brain of the alcohol-fed rats. Because CEL has fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE)-generating activity and FAEEs play a major role in acute alcoholic pancreatitis, we determined the expression of other genes encoding for FAEE-generating enzymes and showed similar organ-specific expression patterns. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that chronic ethanol consumption induced expression of FAEE-related genes in the pancreas and liver. This upregulation may be a central mechanism leading to acinar cell injury. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Ctr Genom Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Div Gastroenterol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Whitcomb, DC (reprint author), Whitcomb Ctr Genom Sci, 571 Scaife Hall,3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01 AA-10885] NR 48 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-3177 J9 PANCREAS JI Pancreas PD JUL PY 2002 VL 25 IS 1 BP 101 EP + DI 10.1097/01.MPA.0000020652.86805.47 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 569GB UT WOS:000176591700017 PM 12131779 ER PT J AU Wu, TY Ronis, DL Pender, N Jwo, JL AF Wu, TY Ronis, DL Pender, N Jwo, JL TI Development of questionnaires to measure physical activity cognitions among Taiwanese adolescents SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE physical activity; questionnaire; Taiwan; adolescents; cognitions ID CONFIRMATORY FACTOR-ANALYSIS; HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; PERCEIVED BARRIERS; FIT INDEXES; EXERCISE; DETERMINANTS; VALIDITY; CHILDREN; BEHAVIORS; BELIEFS AB Background. Although a number of studies have investigated perceived self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers and their relationship to adolescents' participation in physical activity, the validity and reliability of the instruments used have not been consistently examined. The purpose of the present study was to develop culturally sensitive, reliable, and valid instruments to measure physical activity cognitions among Taiwanese adolescents. Methods. The items generated for the instruments were drawn from a comprehensive literature review and a focus group interview. The instruments were translated using the back-translation technique and evaluated by a panel of experts. Psychometric testing was performed and confirmed with convenience samples of 110 and 969 Taiwanese adolescents. Results. Psychometric testing demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency and validity of the instrument for this group of Taiwanese adolescents. Cronbach's a's ranged from 0.79 to 0.90. Construct validity was supported by exploring the factor structure of the instrument using confirmatory factor analysis and correlation with the outcome variable of physical activity. Conclusions. The study identified culturally sensitive items to measure physical activity cognitions in urban Taiwanese students in their early adolescence. Clinicians or practitioners can use the instruments developed and tested in this study for clinical assessment to identify risk factors for inactivity as well as for further research in similar populations. (C) 2002 American Health Foundation and Elsevier Science (USA). C1 Eastern Michigan Univ, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Wu, TY (reprint author), Eastern Michigan Univ, 328 Marshall, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA. NR 52 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 35 IS 1 BP 54 EP 64 DI 10.1006/pmed.2002.1049 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 569PQ UT WOS:000176611400008 PM 12079441 ER PT J AU Richardson, RD Engel, CC Hunt, SC McKnight, K McFall, M AF Richardson, RD Engel, CC Hunt, SC McKnight, K McFall, M TI Are veterans seeking veterans affairs' primary care as healthy as those seeking Department of Defense primary care? A look at Gulf War veterans' symptoms and functional status SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Persian Gulf; healthy worker effect; health; functional status; PTSD; employment ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; SOMATOFORM DISORDERS; UNEMPLOYMENT; SERVICE; WOMEN AB Objective: This study compared Gulf War veterans seeking VA primary care with Gulf War veterans seeking treatment from a Department of Defense primary care clinic on measures of physical symptoms, psychiatric complaints, and functional status. Additionally, the association between employment status and health was examined. Methods: Analysis was based on the responses of consecutive patients attending the Gulf War Primary Care clinics at either the VA Puget Sound Health Care System in Seattle, WA (N = 223), or the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, DC (N = 153), between March 1998 and September 1999. Results: After controlling for demographic variables, Gulf War veterans who sought VA care reported significantly more anxiety and PTSD symptoms than active duty military personnel. The groups did not differ on somatic complaints or summary scores from the SF-36. Employment status was significantly, independently, and consistently associated with greater psychiatric symptoms, physical symptoms, and decreased functional status. Conclusions: Our findings reveal important differences in health status between veterans seeking primary care at a VA and a Department of Defense facility, differences that are in part related to employment status. Both groups report symptoms of psychiatric distress and decreased functional status, though VA patients are more impaired. Research findings based on clinical samples of veterans at VA sites may not generalize to Gulf War veterans still on active duty (and vice versa). C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Psychol, Tucson, AZ USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, CESATE, Seattle, WA USA. RP Richardson, RD (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 16 MHC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 42 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0033-3174 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 64 IS 4 BP 676 EP 683 DI 10.1097/01.PSY.0000021941.35402.18 PG 8 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 575WZ UT WOS:000176972600018 PM 12140358 ER PT J AU Wirshing, DA Pierre, JM Marder, SR Saunders, CS Wirshing, WC AF Wirshing, DA Pierre, JM Marder, SR Saunders, CS Wirshing, WC TI Sexual side effects of novel antipsychotic medications SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE antipsychotic medication; clozapine; risperidone; haloperidol; fluphenazine; sexual side effects ID PROLACTIN LEVELS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; DYSFUNCTION; CLOZAPINE; RISPERIDONE AB Background: The novel antipsychotic medications offer a more favorable extrapyramidal side effect profile than conventional agents. It is uncertain that the novel antipsychotics have a benefit in terms of sexual side effects. Methods: We prospectively administered a survey of sexual functioning to 25 male patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia, taking conventional and novel antipsychotics. Contrasts were made between three treatment groups: clozapine (CLOZ), risperidone (RIS), and a combined haloperidol/fluphenazine (HAL/FLU) group. Results: A decrease in overall sexual functioning was reported in all medication groups (40-71 %). The majority of subjects taking RIS or HAL/FLU reported a decline in one or more aspects of sexual functioning. Examining specific aspects of sexual functioning revealed that, a decline in sexual interest was significantly less corm-non on CLOZ compared to RIS (0 vs. 64%; chi(2) = 6.1, df = 1, p = 0.01) or HAL/FLU (0 vs. 67%; chi(2) = 5.2, df = 1, p = 0.02), while a decline in the erectile frequency was significantly more common on RIS compared to CLOZ (40 vs. 93%; chi(2) = 6.2, df = 1, p = 0.01) or HAL/FLU (50 vs. 93%; chi(2) = 4.8, df = 1, p = 0.03) (0%). For enjoyment of orgasm and ejaculatory volume, significantly fewer CLOZ compared to RIS subjects reported a decline (20 vs. 86%; chi = 7.4, df = 1, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Sexual side effects are common clinically pertinent adverse effects associated with both novel and conventional antipsychotic medications. They deserve increased attention in clinical work and future research with emerging antipsychotic drugs. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Wirshing, DA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 210B,Room 15, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 14 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2002 VL 56 IS 1-2 BP 25 EP 30 AR PII S0920-9964(01)00271-7 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(01)00271-7 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 567JJ UT WOS:000176481400004 PM 12084416 ER PT J AU Ahmed, A Allman, RM DeLong, JF Bodner, EV Howard, G AF Ahmed, A Allman, RM DeLong, JF Bodner, EV Howard, G TI Age-related underutilization of left ventricular function evaluation in older heart failure patients SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITORS; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ELDERLY PATIENTS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; MEDICARE PATIENTS; PRIMARY-CARE; MANAGEMENT; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; QUALITY; CARDIOLOGY AB Background. Underutilization of left ventricular function (LVF) evaluation in older patients with heart failure has been well documented, but age-related variation in the use of LVF evaluation has not been. Methods. We studied age-related variation of LVF evaluation in older Medicare-beneficiaries discharged with a diagnosis of heart failure in 1994 in Alabama. Results. A total of 1,090 patients had a mean+/-SD age of 79+/-7.5 years; 60% were female and 18% were African American. Of these, 6360 (58%) had LVF evaluation. Compared with patients aged 65 to 74 years, those 75 to 84 years of age and those aged 85 and older were less likely to receive LVF evaluation. Age of 85 years and older was also independently associated with lower odds of LVF evaluation. Conclusion. The overall rate of LVF evaluation was low, and performance of evaluation decreased with patient age. Left ventricular function evaluation should be performed in all patients with heart failure. Considerable opportunities exist for improving care among hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with heart failure. C1 Univ Alabama, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Dept Med, Sch Med Dept,Epidemiol & Int Hlth, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Aging, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Outcome & Effectiveness Res & Educ, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Clin Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Geriatr, Heart Failure Clin, Birmingham, AL USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Ahmed, A (reprint author), 1530 3rd Ave S,CH-19,Suite 219, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RI Ahmed, Ali/A-2934-2008 OI Ahmed, Ali/0000-0002-6832-6424 NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 95 IS 7 BP 695 EP 702 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 574CT UT WOS:000176871400009 PM 12144074 ER PT J AU Ahmed, A Allman, RM DeLong, JF Bodner, EV Howard, G AF Ahmed, A Allman, RM DeLong, JF Bodner, EV Howard, G TI Age-related underutilization of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in older hospitalized heart failure patients SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PRACTICE GUIDELINES COMMITTEE; LEFT-VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION; ASSOCIATION TASK-FORCE; MEDICARE PATIENTS; AMERICAN-COLLEGE; MANAGEMENT; CARE; PATTERNS; QUALITY AB Background. The extent to which age plays a role in the underutilization of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in heart failure patients has not been well studied. Methods. We studied age-related variation in the use of ACE inhibitors in older Medicare beneficiaries discharged alive in Alabama with a diagnosis of heart failure with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Results. A total of 285 patients had a mean age +/-SD of 78+/-6.9 years; 59% were female and 21% were African American. Of the 285 patients, 181 (63%) were prescribed ACE inhibitors at discharge. Therapy with ACE inhibitors was initiated in 47% of the patients. Compared with patients 65 to 74 years, those 85 years and older had lower odds of receiving ACE inhibitors at discharge. Among patients not admitted on an ACE inhibitor, those 85 years and older also had lower odds of ACE inhibitor therapy being initiated. Conclusion. The overall rate of ACE inhibitor use was low, and age of 85 years and older was independently associated with lower use and initiation of ACE inhibitors. Opportunities remain to increase the use of ACE inhibitors in older patients with heart failure. C1 Univ Alabama, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Dept Med, Sch Med,Dept Epidemiol & Int Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35487 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35487 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Aging, Birmingham, AL 35487 USA. Univ Alabama, Ctr Outcome & Effectiveness Res & Educ, Birmingham, AL 35487 USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Geriatr Heart Failure Clin, Birmingham, AL USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Ahmed, A (reprint author), 1530 3rd Ave S,CH-19, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RI Ahmed, Ali/A-2934-2008 OI Ahmed, Ali/0000-0002-6832-6424 NR 33 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 95 IS 7 BP 703 EP 710 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 574CT UT WOS:000176871400010 PM 12144075 ER PT J AU Hauser, D Gayowski, T Singh, N AF Hauser, D Gayowski, T Singh, N TI Bleeding complications precipitated by unrecognized Gingko biloba use after liver transplantation SO TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE alternative therapies; transplants; herbal products ID ST-JOHNS-WORT; GINKGO-BILOBA; HYPERICUM-PERFORATUM; DRUG-INTERACTION; CYCLOSPORINE; EXTRACT; INGESTION; MEDICINE; HERBS AB Because of its neurocognitive enhancing effects, Gingko biloba has emerged as amongst the most commonly used herbal products. We report a liver transplant recipient with potentially life-threatening toxicity resulting from Gingko biloba use. Seven days after a second liver transplantation for recurrent hepatitisB virus infection, subphrenic hematoma was documented in a 59-year-old Korean patient. Failure to control bleeding with CT-guided drainage necessitated exploratory laparotomy for the evacuation of a large subphrenic hematoma. Three weeks later, an episode of vitreous hemorrhage was documented. Unbeknownst to his care providers, the patient had been consuming Gingko biloba throughout the postoperative period. No further bleeding episodes occurred after the cessation of Gingko biloba use. Unrecognized use of herbal products may be associated with serious side effects and adverse clinical sequelae in transplant recipients. Given their increasing popularity, the use of herbal products should be routinely sought as part of the history in transplant recipients. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Infect Dis Sect, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Thomas E Starzl Transplantat Inst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Singh, N (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Infect Dis Sect, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0934-0874 J9 TRANSPLANT INT JI Transpl. Int. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 15 IS 7 BP 377 EP 379 DI 10.1007/s00147-002-0432-y PG 3 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 582VA UT WOS:000177370800009 PM 12122516 ER PT J AU Fujikawa, DG AF Fujikawa, DG TI Apoptosis: ignoring morphology and focusing on biochemical mechanisms will not eliminate confusion - Comment from Fujikawa SO TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Letter ID PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; NEURODEGENERATION; ISCHEMIA; NEURONS; BRAIN; RAT C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Environm Neurol Lab, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Fujikawa, DG (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Environm Neurol Lab, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0165-6147 J9 TRENDS PHARMACOL SCI JI Trends Pharmacol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 23 IS 7 BP 309 EP 310 DI 10.1016/S0165-6147(02)02042-4 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 573TR UT WOS:000176847500007 PM 12119149 ER PT J AU Freedland, SJ Csathy, GS Dorey, F Aronson, WJ AF Freedland, SJ Csathy, GS Dorey, F Aronson, WJ TI Clinical utility of percent prostate needle biopsy tissue with cancer cutpoints to risk stratify patients before radical prostatectomy SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERINEURAL INVASION; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; RADIATION-THERAPY; JAPANESE MEN; ANTIGEN; RECURRENCE; COMBINATION; PREDICTION; EXTENSION; RELAPSE AB Objectives. The percentage of total prostate needle biopsy tissue with cancer was previously found to be a stronger predictor of biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy (RIP) than either biopsy Gleason score or serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). To improve our ability to predict preoperatively the risk of biochemical recurrence after RP, we sought to determine the cutpoints of the percentage of biopsy tissue with cancer to separate patients into low, intermediate, or high-risk groups. We then examined whether we could further stratify low, intermediate, and high-risk groups (on the basis of the PSA level and biopsy Gleason score) using the percentage of prostate needle biopsy tissue with cancer. Methods. A single pathologist reviewed the prostate needle biopsy specimens of 2 17 men who underwent RP between 1991 and 200 1. Biopsy specimens were examined for Gleason score and the percentage of total biopsy tissue with cancer. Cutpoints were identified to define patients with differing risk of biochemical recurrence after RP. These cutpoints were applied to low, intermediate, and high-risk patients, on the basis of PSA and biopsy Gleason score, to determine whether preoperative risk stratification could be improved. Results. Using the cutpoints for the percentage of prostate needle biopsy tissue with cancer of less than 20% (low risk), 20% to less than 55% (intermediate risk), and 55% or greater (high risk), patients were separated into three groups with differing risks of biochemical failure after RIP (hazard ratio 1.95, 95% confidence interval 1.37 to 2.77, P<0.001). These cutpoints further stratified patients with an intermediate (P = 0.002) or high risk (P = 0.05) of biochemical failure (on the basis of the PSA and biopsy Gleason score). However, these cutpoints provided no improvement in risk stratification for patients who were at low risk (P = 0.501) of biochemical failure (on the basis of PSA and biopsy Gleason score). Conclusions. The percentage of total prostate needle biopsy tissue with cancer can be used to stratify patients into low, intermediate, and high-risk groups preoperatively for biochemical recurrence after RIP. These cutpoints could further stratify patients preoperatively who were at intermediate or high risk of biochemical failure on the basis of PSA and biopsy Gleason score. (C) 2002, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Aronson, WJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD JUL PY 2002 VL 60 IS 1 BP 84 EP 88 AR PII S0090-4295(02)01660-6 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)01660-6 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 570TR UT WOS:000176674600018 PM 12100929 ER PT J AU Berger, DH AF Berger, DH TI Plasmin/plasminogen system in colorectal cancer SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID UROKINASE PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; HEPATOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR; TUMOR-CELL INVASION; INHIBITOR TYPE-1; HUMAN-COLON; LIGAND INTERACTION; PANCREATIC-CANCER; SIGNALING PATHWAY; GENE-EXPRESSION; STROMAL CELLS AB Pericellular proteolysis plays a crucial role in tumor cell invasion. The controlled degradation of the extracellular matrix by tumor cell-associated proteases allows tumor cells to invade surrounding tissues and gain access to the circulation. One of the main protease systems involved in tumor cell invasion and metastasis is the plasminogen/plasmin system (PPS). The components of the PPS include the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), its cell surface receptor urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), and its naturally occurring inhibitors, plasminogen activator inhibitors 1 and 2 (PAI-1 and PAI-2). Increases in tumor and serum levels of uPA, uPAR, and PAI-1 are associated with a worse prognosis in patients with colon cancer. Use of these proteins as either tumor or serum markers may allow more accurate determination of the prognosis in colon cancer patients. Furthermore, these proteins appear to be attractive as targets for the biologic therapy of colon cancer. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Surg Serv 112, OCL, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Berger, DH (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 58 TC 87 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 26 IS 7 BP 767 EP 771 DI 10.1007/s00268-002-4050-8 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 570TF UT WOS:000176673300003 PM 11965442 ER PT J AU Guo, SS Wu, AY Sawicki, MP AF Guo, SS Wu, AY Sawicki, MP TI Deletion of chromosome 1, but not mutation of MEN-1, predicts prognosis in sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID NEOPLASIA TYPE-1 GENE; SUPPRESSOR GENE; NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS; SOMATIC MUTATIONS; GASTRINOMAS AB Pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs) may be sporadic or inherited in the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) syndrome. The inherited form is caused by mutations of the MEN-1 gene, which functions as a tumor suppressor gene and maps to chromosome 11q13. These tumors tend to have a better prognosis than their sporadic counterparts, which often have mutations of the MEN-1 gene. Previous molecular analyses of sporadic PETs suggest a high frequency of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at chromosome I as well as mutation of MEN-1. In this study we correlate abnormalities of MEN-1 and chromosome 1 LOH with the biological behavior of sporadic PETs. Loss of heterozygosity for markers at chromosome 11q13 and mutation of MEN-1 were equally frequent in tumors with or without liver metastases. Mutation of MEN-1 is more frequent in gastrinomas than in non-gastrinomas. Loss of heterozygosity for markers on chromosome I is more frequent in PETs with liver metastases. These results suggest a molecular tumor model in which there is a dichotomy in the development of benign and malignant PETs. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Sawicki, MP (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD JUL PY 2002 VL 26 IS 7 BP 843 EP 847 DI 10.1007/s00268-002-4062-4 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 570TF UT WOS:000176673300015 PM 11960210 ER PT J AU Tsou, R Fathke, C Wilson, L Wallace, K Gibran, N Isik, F AF Tsou, R Fathke, C Wilson, L Wallace, K Gibran, N Isik, F TI Retroviral delivery of dominant-negative vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 to murine wounds inhibits wound angiogenesis SO WOUND REPAIR AND REGENERATION LA English DT Article ID PROLYL HYDROXYLATION; FIBROBLAST RESPONSE; GRANULATION-TISSUE; PROGENITOR CELLS; TYROSINE KINASE; TRANSGENIC MICE; EXPRESSION; REPAIR; APOPTOSIS; HYPOXIA AB Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent paracrine signal for initiating angiogenesis. Although VEGF can bind to several cell surface receptors, VEGF receptor type 2 (VEGFR2, a.k.a. KDR or flk-1 ) is the primary receptor responsible for VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation. To determine whether the VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling axis has an important role in wound healing angiogenesis, we used a retrovirus to deliver a signaling-defective truncated VEGFR2 (tm VEGFR2) to block VEGF-VEGFR2-induced endothelial cell proliferation in murine wounds. We show that the retroviral construct effectively blocked phosphorylation of VEGFR2 in vitro and we were able to express the truncated receptor in murine wounds. We achieved significant reduction of angiogenesis and granulation tissue formation in murine wounds, but this did not lead to delayed wound closure. In contrast, there was a corresponding increase in wound contraction, showing that functional VEGFR2 intracellular signaling is not critical for normal closure of excisional dermal wounds. Our results show a novel relationship between wound bed vascularity and wound contraction. C1 Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Div Plast Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA USA. RP Isik, F (reprint author), Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Div Plast Surg, Box 356410,1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01-GM57426] NR 57 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1067-1927 J9 WOUND REPAIR REGEN JI Wound Repair Regen. PD JUL-AUG PY 2002 VL 10 IS 4 BP 222 EP 229 DI 10.1046/j.1524-475X.2002.10405.x PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Dermatology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Surgery SC Cell Biology; Dermatology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Surgery GA 585UX UT WOS:000177543900005 PM 12191004 ER PT J AU Kuppuswamy, D AF Kuppuswamy, D TI Importance of integrin signaling in myocyte growth and survival SO CIRCULATION RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE cardiomyocyte; integrins; focal adhesion kinase; hypertrophy; apoptosis ID FOCAL ADHESION KINASE; HYPERTROPHY; ACTIVATION C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Cardiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Kuppuswamy, D (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Dept Med, 114 Doughty St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7330 J9 CIRC RES JI Circ.Res. PD JUN 28 PY 2002 VL 90 IS 12 BP 1240 EP 1242 DI 10.1161/01.RES.0000025080.78636.23 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Hematology GA 570XR UT WOS:000176686200003 PM 12089060 ER PT J AU Schumacher, HR Boice, JA Daikh, DI Mukhopadhyay, S Malmstrom, K Ng, J Tate, GA Molina, J AF Schumacher, HR Boice, JA Daikh, DI Mukhopadhyay, S Malmstrom, K Ng, J Tate, GA Molina, J TI Randomised double blind trial of etoricoxib and indometacin in treatment of acute gouty arthritis SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORAL INDOMETHACIN; CLINICAL-TRIAL; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2; CELECOXIB; OSTEOARTHRITIS; DICLOFENAC; MANAGEMENT; EFFICACY; INHIBITOR; ROFECOXIB AB Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of etoricoxib, a selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor, in comparison with indometacin in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis. Design Randomised, double blind, active comparator controlled trial. Setting 43 outpatient study centres in 11 countries. Participants 142 men and eight women (75 patients per treatment group) aged 18 years or over presenting with clinically diagnosed acute gout within 48 hours of onset. Interventions Etoricoxib 120 mg administered orally once daily versus indometacin 50 mg administered orally three times daily, both for 8 days Main outcome measures Patients' assessment of pain in the study joint over days 2 to 5 (primary end point); investigators' and patients' global assessments of response to treatment and tenderness of the study joint (key secondary end points). Results Etoricoxib showed efficacy comparable to indometacin. Patients' assessment of pain in the study joint (0-4 point Likert scale, "no pain" to "extreme pain") over days 2 to 5 showed a least squares mean change from baseline of - 1.72 (95% confidence interval - 1.90 to - 1.55) for etoricoxib and - 1.83 (- 2.01 to - 1.65) for indometacin. The difference between treatment groups met prespecified comparability criteria. All other efficacy end points, including those reflecting reduction in inflammation and analgesia, provided corroborative evidence of comparable efficacy. Significant pain relief was evident at the first measurement, 4 hours after the first dose of treatment. Prespecified safety analyses revealed that drug related adverse experiences occurred significantly less frequently with etoricoxib (22.7%) than with indometacin (46.7%) (P=.003), although overall adverse experience rates were similar between the two treatment groups. Conclusion Etoricoxib 120 mg once daily provides rapid and effective treatment for acute gouty arthritis comparable to indometacin 50 mg three times daily. Etoricoxib was generally safe and well tolerated in this study. C1 Merck Res Labs, Dept Clin Immunol & Analgesia, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Merck Res Labs, Dept Clin Biostat & Res Data Syst, Rahway, NJ USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Rheumatol, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Ctr Ospeopatias Reumatol & Invest Clin, RA-1012 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Antioquia Univ, Dept Internal Med, Medellin 1226, Colombia. RP Boice, JA (reprint author), Merck Res Labs, Dept Clin Immunol & Analgesia, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA. NR 24 TC 132 Z9 139 U1 1 U2 12 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD JUN 22 PY 2002 VL 324 IS 7352 BP 1488 EP 1492 DI 10.1136/bmj.324.7352.1488 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 567ZL UT WOS:000176517900018 PM 12077033 ER PT J AU Silvestri, AJ Sanford, LD Ross, RJ Mann, GL Pavlock, A Morrison, AR AF Silvestri, AJ Sanford, LD Ross, RJ Mann, GL Pavlock, A Morrison, AR TI The central nucleus of the amygdala and the wake-promoting effects of modafinil SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE modafinil; amygdala; wakefulness; sleep ID AGENT MODAFINIL; BRAIN-STEM; RAT; WAKEFULNESS; AMPHETAMINE; FOREBRAIN; CAT AB Modafinil, a novel non-amphetamine stimulant recently approved for the treatment of narcolepsy, has been shown to increase waking in both animals and humans. However, its mechanism of action is currently unknown. Earlier research into the brain structures responsible for the wake-producing actions of modafinil implicated the central nucleus of the amygdala (ACe) as a possible site of action [Neuroscience 87 (1998) 905-911; Neurosci. Lett. 241 (1998) 95-98]. The present experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that the ACe is, at least in pail, involved in the wake-producing actions of modafinil, In the first experiment, rats with lesions of the ACe were injected systemically with varying doses of modafinil and sleep was recorded. At the highest dose, modafinil significantly increased waking and decreased sleep. However, there was no interaction between the lesion and the effect of the drug. In the second experiment, varying doses of modafinil were injected directly into the ACe and sleep was recorded. Injection of modatinil into the ACe did not affect sleep architecture. Thus. ACe does not play a simple role in modafinil's wake-promoting action. We suggest that more complex testing will be required to elucidate its role. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Lab Study Brain Sleep, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Morrison, AR (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Lab Study Brain Sleep, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. OI Hunter, Amy/0000-0002-4501-5578 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH 42903]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS 35281] NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 941 IS 1-2 BP 43 EP 52 AR PII S0006-8993(02)02547-7 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02547-7 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 564AV UT WOS:000176292300005 PM 12031546 ER PT J AU Gukovskaya, AS Gukovsky, I Jung, Y Mouria, M Pandol, SJ AF Gukovskaya, AS Gukovsky, I Jung, Y Mouria, M Pandol, SJ TI Cholecystokinin induces caspase activation and mitochondrial dysfunction in pancreatic acinar cells - Roles in cell injury processes of pancreatitis SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; PERMEABILITY TRANSITION; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; ENZYME-SECRETION; CYCLOSPORINE-A; UP-REGULATION; DEATH; INDUCTION; CERULEIN AB Apoptosis and necrosis are critical parameters of pancreatitis, the mechanisms of which remain unknown. Many characteristics of pancreatitis can be studied in vitro in pancreatic acini treated with high doses of cholecystokinin (CCK). We show here that CCK stimulates apoptosis and death signaling pathways in rat pancreatic acinar cells, including caspase activation, cytochrome c release, and mitochondrial depolarization. The mitochondrial dysfunction is mediated by upstream caspases (possibly caspase-8) and, in turn, leads to activation of caspase-3. CCK causes mitochondrial alterations through both permeability transition pore-dependent (cytochrome c release) and permeability transition pore-independent (mitochondrial depolarization) mechanisms. Caspase activation and mitochondrial alterations also occur in untreated pancreatic acinar cells; however, the underlying mechanisms are different. In particular, caspases protect untreated acinar cells from mitochondrial damage. We found that caspases not only mediate apoptosis but also regulate other parameters of CCK-induced acinar cell injury that are characteristic of pancreatitis; in particular, caspases negatively regulate necrosis and trypsin activation in acinar cells. The results suggest that the observed signaling pathways regulate parenchymal cell injury and death in CCK-induced pancreatitis. Protection against necrosis and trypsin activation by caspases can explain why the severity of pancreatitis in experimental models correlates inversely with the extent of apoptosis. C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Gukovskaya, AS (reprint author), Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Dept Med, Bldg 258,Rm 340,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU PHS HHS [P50-A11999] NR 63 TC 95 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 277 IS 25 BP 22595 EP 22604 DI 10.1074/jbc.M202929200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 564KM UT WOS:000176313600066 PM 11964411 ER PT J AU Iijima, Y Laser, M Shiraishi, H Willey, CD Sundaravadivel, B Xu, L McDermott, PJ Kuppuswamy, D AF Iijima, Y Laser, M Shiraishi, H Willey, CD Sundaravadivel, B Xu, L McDermott, PJ Kuppuswamy, D TI c-Raf/MEK/ERK pathway controls protein kinase C-mediated p70S6K activation in adult cardiac muscle cells SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASE; CAP-DEPENDENT INITIATION; VIVO PRESSURE-OVERLOAD; S6 KINASE; ANGIOTENSIN-II; IN-VIVO; CYCLIC-AMP; RAT-HEART; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; PHOSPHORYLATION SITE AB p70S6 kinase (S6K1) plays a pivotal role in hypertrophic cardiac growth via ribosomal biogenesis. In pressure-overloaded myocardium, we show S6K1 activation accompanied by activation of protein kinase C (PKC), c-Raf, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). To explore the importance of the c-Raf/MAPK kinase (MEK)/MAPK pathway, we stimulated adult feline cardiomyocytes with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), insulin, or forskolin to activate PKC, phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase, or protein kinase A (PKA), respectively. These treatments resulted in S6K1 activation with Thr-389 phosphorylation as well as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and S6 protein phosphorylation. Thr-421/Ser-424 phosphorylation of S6K1 was observed predominantly in TPA-treated cells. Dominant negative c-Raf expression or a MEK1/2 inhibitor (U0126) treatment showed a profound blocking effect only on the TPA-stimulated phosphorylation of S6K1 and mTOR. Whereas p38 MAPK inhibitors exhibited only partial effect, MAPK-phosphatase-3 expression significantly blocked the TPA-stimulated S6K1 and mTOR phosphorylation. Inhibition of mTOR with rapamycin blocked the Thr-389 but not the Thr-421/Ser-424 phosphorylation of S6K1. Therefore, during PKC activation, the c-Raf/MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway mediates both the Thr-421/Ser-424 and the Thr-389 phosphorylation in an mTOR-independent and -dependent manner, respectively. Together, our in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that the PKC/c-Raf/MEK/ERK pathway plays a major role in the S6K1 activation in hypertrophic cardiac growth. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Kuppuswamy, D (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 114 Doughty St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI Willey, Christopher/0000-0001-9953-0279 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-48788]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM08716] NR 76 TC 107 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 21 PY 2002 VL 277 IS 25 BP 23065 EP 23075 DI 10.1074/jbc.M200328200 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 564KM UT WOS:000176313600122 PM 11940578 ER PT J AU Reis, SE Olson, MB Fried, L Reeser, V Mankad, S Pepine, CJ Kerensky, R Merz, CNB Sharaf, BL Sopko, G Rogers, WJ Holubkov, R AF Reis, SE Olson, MB Fried, L Reeser, V Mankad, S Pepine, CJ Kerensky, R Merz, CNB Sharaf, BL Sopko, G Rogers, WJ Holubkov, R TI Mild renal insufficiency is associated with angiographic coronary artery disease in women SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE coronary artery disease; renal insufficiency; women ID SYNDROME EVALUATION WISE; FAILURE; INTERLEUKIN-6; MORTALITY; RISK AB Background-Mild renal insufficiency is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events in women with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the relationship between mild renal insufficiency and atherosclerotic CAD in women is not known. Methods and Results-Women with chest pain who were referred for coronary angiography in the NHLBI Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study underwent quantitative coronary angiography, blood measurements of creatinine, lipids, and homocysteine, and assessment of CAD risk factors. Fifty-six women had mild renal insufficiency (serum creatinine 1.2 to 1.9 mg/dL), and 728 had normal renal function (creatinine < 1.2 mg/dL). Creatinine correlated with angiographic CAD severity score (r=0.11, P<0.004) and maximum coronary artery stenosis (r=0.11, P<0.003). Compared with women with normal renal function, those with mild renal insufficiency were more likely to have significant angiographic CAD (greater than or equal to50% diameter stenosis in greater than or equal to1 coronary artery) (61% versus 37%; P<0.001) and CAD in multiple vessels (P<0.001 for association) and had greater maximum percent diameter coronary stenosis (59+/-35% versus 38+/-36%; P<0.001). Mild renal insufficiency was associated with significant angiographic CAD independent of age and risk factors (OR=1.9, 95%CI=1.1 to 3.5). After controlling for homocysteine in 509 women, mild renal insufficiency remained predictive of CAD (OR=3.2, 95%CI=1.4 to 7.2). Conclusions-In women with chest pain, mild renal insufficiency is an independent predictor of significant angiographic CAD. Mildly increased serum creatinine is probably a marker for unmeasured proatherogenic factors. C1 Univ Alabama, Div Cardiol, Birmingham, AL USA. NHLBI, Div Heart & Vasc Dis, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Rhode Isl Hosp, Div Cardiol, Providence, RI USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Univ Florida, Div Cardiol, Gainesville, FL USA. W Penn Allegheny Hlth Syst, MCP Hahnemann Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Cardiovasc Inst, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Reis, SE (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Cardiovasc Inst, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI Reis, Steven/J-3957-2014 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01-HV-68164, N01-HV-68161, N01-HV-68162, N01-HV-68163, U01-HL64829-01, U01-HL64914-01, U01-HL64924-01] NR 14 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUN 18 PY 2002 VL 105 IS 24 BP 2826 EP 2829 DI 10.1161/01.CIR.0000021597.63026.65 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 573FH UT WOS:000176818300008 PM 12070108 ER PT J AU Skodol, AE Gunderson, JG Pfohl, B Widiger, TA Livesley, WJ Siever, LJ AF Skodol, AE Gunderson, JG Pfohl, B Widiger, TA Livesley, WJ Siever, LJ TI The borderline diagnosis I: Psychopathology comorbidity, and personaltity structure SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE borderline; personality disorder; personality structure; diagnosis; psychopathology; comorbidity ID DSM-III-R; TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY; SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS; ASSESSING AXIS II; EATING DISORDERS; CLINICAL INTERVIEW; ALCOHOLIC PATIENTS; SCID-II; CLASSIFICATION; DEPRESSION AB Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex and serious mental disorder associated with severe functional impairment, substantial treatment utilization, and a high rate of mortality by suicide. Recently, BPD has become a focus of intensifying study. In Part I of this three-part article meant to provide a foundation to researchers on the current status of the borderline diagnosis and prospects for its future development, we examine the psychopathology, comorbidity, and personality structure of BPD. Although the descriptive characteristics of BPD are well-represented by DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, other important aspects of BPD psychopathology are not included. The descriptive criteria in conjunction with semistructured interviews have, however, increased the ability of investigators to diagnose BPD as reliably as many Axis I disorders. Frequent comorbidity of BPD with Axis I disorders necessitates a broad assessment of psychopathology to help account for clinical heterogeneity. Because of the absence of evidence of the validity of the diagnostic threshold for a categorical diagnosis of BPD, and because of the heterogeneity within the diagnosis, investigators should also supplement their DSM-IV diagnoses with assessments of underlying personality trait structures. Although there are a number of competing models of personality structure, they have remarkable convergence on a set of three to five basic personality dimensions. Biol Psychiatry 2002;51:936-950(C) 2002 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Belmont, MA 02178 USA. McLean Hosp, Belmont, MA 02178 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Psychol, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Bronx, NY USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. RP Skodol, AE (reprint author), New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, Box 121,1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY 10032 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH 50839] NR 146 TC 365 Z9 373 U1 13 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 12 BP 936 EP 950 AR PII S0006-3223(02)01324-0 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01324-0 PG 15 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 561WF UT WOS:000176165500002 PM 12062877 ER PT J AU Skodol, AE Siever, LJ Livesley, WJ Gunderson, JG Pfohl, B Widiger, TA AF Skodol, AE Siever, LJ Livesley, WJ Gunderson, JG Pfohl, B Widiger, TA TI The borderline diagnosis II: Biology, genetics, and clinical course SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE borderline; personality disorder; impulsive aggression; affective instability; genetics; course ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; NONVIOLENT MALE PAROLEES; TERM FOLLOW-UP; PERSONALITY-DISORDER; NOVELTY SEEKING; AXIS-II; PSYCHOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; FAMILIAL TRANSMISSION; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; IMPULSIVE-AGGRESSION AB In Part I of this three-part article, consideration of the core features of BPD psychopathology, of comorbidity with Axis I disorders, and of underlying personality trait structure suggested that the borderline diagnosis might be productively studied from the perspective of dimensions of trait expression, in addition to that of the category itself In Part II, we review the biology, genetics, and clinical course of borderline personality disorder (BPD), continuing to attend to the utility of a focus on fundamental dimensions of psychopathology. Biological approaches to the study of personality can identify individual differences with both genetic and environmental influences. The aspects of personality disorder that are likely to have biologic correlates are those involving regulation of affects, impulse/action patterns, cognitive organization and anxiety/inhibition. For BPD, key psychobiological domains include impulsive aggression, associated with reduced serotonergic activity in the brain, and affective instability, associated with increased responsivity of cholinergic systems. There may be a strong genetic component for the development of BPD, but it seems clear, at least, that there are strong genetic influences on traits that underlie it, such as neuroticism, impulsivity, anxiousness, affective lability and insecure attachment. The course of BPD suggests a heterogenous disorder. Predictors of poor prognosis include history of childhood sexual abuse, early age at first psychiatric contact, chronicity of symptoms, affective instability, aggression, substance abuse, and increased comorbidity. For research purposes, at least, biological, genetic, and prognostic studies all continue to suggest the need to supplement categorical diagnoses of BPD with assessments of key underlying personality trait dimensions and with historical and clinical observations apart from those needed to make the borderline diagnosis itself Biol Psychiatry 2002;51:951-963 (C) 2002 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Psychiat, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Belmont, MA 02178 USA. McLean Hosp, Belmont, MA 02178 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Psychol, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Skodol, AE (reprint author), New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, Box 121,1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY 10032 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH 50839] NR 120 TC 193 Z9 195 U1 9 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 12 BP 951 EP 963 AR PII S0006-3223(02)01325-2 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01325-2 PG 13 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 561WF UT WOS:000176165500003 PM 12062878 ER PT J AU Siever, LJ Torgersen, S Gunderson, JG Livesley, WJ Kendler, KS AF Siever, LJ Torgersen, S Gunderson, JG Livesley, WJ Kendler, KS TI The borderline diagnosis III: Identifying endophenotypes for genetic studies SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE borderline; endophenotype; genetic; familial ID PERSONALITY-DISORDER; FAMILIAL TRANSMISSION; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER; IMPULSIVE-AGGRESSION; SCHIZOPHRENIA; RELATIVES; TWIN; SCHIZOTYPAL; ATTENTION; BEHAVIOR AB Although it is generally acknowledged that borderline personality disorder (BPD) has a complex, multifactorial etiology with interacting genetic and environmental substrates, the specific genetic underpinnings of this disorder have not been extensively investigated. Family aggregation studies suggest the heritability for BPD as a diagnosis, but the genetic basis for this disorder may be stronger for dimensions such as impulsivity/aggression and affective instability than for the diagnostic criteria itself. Family, adoptive, and twin studies also converge to support an underlying genetic component to the disorder. An endophenotypic approach to defining the genetics of this complex disorder may be called for. Twin studies in an epidemiologic, non-clinically ascertained sample using both diagnostic measures and laboratory measures that can be operationalized, including neuropsychologic, psychophysiologic, and operationalized behavioral tests, may be useful. Large-scale family studies of clinically ascertained samples with careful diagnostic demarcation and measurement of endophenotypes in probands and relatives may also prove to be a promising approach. The use of laboratory paradigms for measures of aggression and affective instability are discussed in the context of such endophenotypic approaches. Biol Psychiatry 2002;51: 964-968 (C) 2002 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Psychol, Ctr Res Clin Psychol, Oslo, Norway. McLean Hosp, Belmont, MA 02178 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Psychiat, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Dept Psychiat, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Siever, LJ (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 116A,130 W Kingsbridge Rd,Room 3B-20, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NR 51 TC 126 Z9 127 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 12 BP 964 EP 968 AR PII S0006-3223(02)01326-4 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01326-4 PG 5 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 561WF UT WOS:000176165500004 PM 12062879 ER PT J AU Green, MF Marder, SR Glynn, SM McGurk, SR Wirshing, WC Wirshing, DA Liberman, RP Mintz, J AF Green, MF Marder, SR Glynn, SM McGurk, SR Wirshing, WC Wirshing, DA Liberman, RP Mintz, J TI The neurocognitive effects of low-dose haloperidol: A two-year comparison with risperidone SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE cognitive deficits; schizophrenia; antipsychotic medications; risperidone; haloperidol; neurocognition ID SCHIZOPHRENIA; PERFORMANCE AB Background: Neurocognitive deficits are core features of schizophrenia that are linked to functional outcome for the disorder. Recent studies and reviews have concluded that newer antipsychotic medications are better for neurocognitive deficits than conventional antipsychotic medications; however, one difficulty in interpreting this literature is that the comparisons have mainly been with high doses of conventional medications. This study examined the neurocognitive effects of low-dose haloperidol compared with risperidone over a 2-year period. Methods: Sixty-two patients were randomly assigned to medication (starting at 6 mg of each medication) and administered neurocognitive batteries six times over the course of follow-up. At 6 months, the mean dose of haloperidol was 5.0 mg, and the mean dose of risperidone was 6.0 mg. Neurocognitive data were reduced into cluster scores and a global summary score. Results: We found no significant overall differences in treatment effects on the cluster scores or the global score. The global score revealed a significant group by time interaction, reflecting the fact that the haloperidol group tended to improve initially and then stay stable, whereas the risperidone group improved more gradually over the follow-up period. Conclusions: This study did not provide support for neurocognitive advantages of a newer antipsychotic medication over a low-dose conventional medication. We speculate that conventional medications May have neurocognitive benefits at low doses that are neutralized or reversed at higher doses. Biol Psychiatry 2002;51: 972-978 (C) 2002 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Vet Affairs VISN Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin C, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Green, MF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, 760 Westwood Plaza,C9-420, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH41573] NR 27 TC 151 Z9 157 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 12 BP 972 EP 978 AR PII S0006-3223(02)01370-7 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01370-7 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 561WF UT WOS:000176165500006 PM 12062881 ER PT J AU Burns, S Arcasoy, MO Li, L Kurian, E Selander, K Emanuel, PD Harris, KW AF Burns, S Arcasoy, MO Li, L Kurian, E Selander, K Emanuel, PD Harris, KW TI Purification and characterization of the yeast-expressed erythropoietin mutant Epo (R103A), a specific inhibitor of human primary hematopoietic cell erythropoiesis SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID ERYTHROID PROGENITOR CELLS; FAMILIAL ERYTHROCYTOSIS; EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN; RECEPTOR ACTIVATION; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; HIGH-AFFINITY; SICKLE; DIMERIZATION; PROTEINS; GROWTH AB A drug that specifically inhibits erythropoiesis would be clinically useful. The erythropoietin (Epo) mutant Epo (R103A) could potentially be used for this purpose. Epo (R103A) has a single amino acid substitution of alanine for arginine at position 103. Because of this mutation, Epo (R103A) is only able to bind to one of the 2 subunits of the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) homodimer and is thus a competitive inhibitor of Epo activity. To produce large quantities of Epo (R103A) to test in animal models of thalassemia and sickle cell disease, we expressed and purified recombinant Epo (R103A) from the yeast Pichia pastoris. Using this method milligram quantities of highly purified Epo (R103A) are obtained. The yeast-expressed Epo (R103A) is properly processed and glycosylated and specifically inhibits Epo-dependent cell growth and I-125-Epo binding. Epo (R103A) does not, however, directly induce apoptosis in 32D cells expressing EpoR. Epo (R103A) inhibits erythropoiesis of human CD34(+) hematopoietic cells and completely blocks erythroid burst-forming unit formation in normal human bone marrow colony assays. Yeast-expressed Epo (R103A) is a specific inhibitor of primary erythropoiesis suitable for testing in animal models. (C) 2002 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Univ Alabama, Wallace Tumor Inst, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Hematol, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, Durham, NC USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Harris, KW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Wallace Tumor Inst, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, 520-D,1530 3rd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. OI Emanuel, Peter/0000-0002-9764-2434 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-02566] NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 99 IS 12 BP 4400 EP 4405 DI 10.1182/blood.V99.12.4400 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 559WA UT WOS:000176047800019 PM 12036868 ER PT J AU Peyton, KJ Reyna, SV Chapman, GB Ensenat, D Liu, XM Wang, H Schafer, AI Durante, W AF Peyton, KJ Reyna, SV Chapman, GB Ensenat, D Liu, XM Wang, H Schafer, AI Durante, W TI Heme oxygenase-1-derived carbon monoxide is an autocrine inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle cell growth SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; GENE-EXPRESSION; OXYGENASE; INJURY; INDUCTION; PROTEIN; RATS AB Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) generate carbon monoxide (CO) via the catabolism of heme by the enzyme heme oxygenase (HO). In the present study, we found that serum stimulated a time- and concentration-dependent increase in the levels of HO-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein in vascular SMCs. The induction of HO-1 expression by serum was inhibited by actinomycin D or cycloheximide. In addition, serum stimulated HO activity, as reflected by an increase in the concentration of bilirubin in the culture media. Treatment of vascular SMCs with serum stimulated DNA synthesis and this was potentiated by the HO inhibitors, zinc and tin protoporphyrin-IX as well as by the CO scavenger, hemoglobin. The iron chelator desferrioxamine had no effect on DNA synthesis. However, exposure of vascular SMCs to exogenous CO inhibited serum-stimulated SMC proliferation and the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein. In addition, CO arrested SMCs at the Gills transition phase of the cell cycle and selectively blocked the serum-stimulated expression of cyclin A mRNA and protein without affecting the expression of cyclin D1 and E. CO also inhibited the serum-stimulated activation of cyclin A-associated kinase activity and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 activity. These results demonstrate that serum stimulates HO-1 gene expression and CO synthesis. Furthermore, they show that CO acts in a negative feedback fashion to inhibit vascular SMC growth by regulating specific components of the cell cycle machinery. The capacity of vascular mitogens to induce CO synthesis may provide a novel mechanism by which these agents modulate cell growth. (C) 2002 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Durante, W (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr, Bldg 109,Rm 130,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL62467, HL36045, HL59976] NR 33 TC 127 Z9 142 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 99 IS 12 BP 4443 EP 4448 DI 10.1182/blood.V99.12.4443 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 559WA UT WOS:000176047800025 PM 12036874 ER PT J AU Li, SL Valente, AJ Qiang, M Schlegel, W Gamez, M Clark, RA AF Li, SL Valente, AJ Qiang, M Schlegel, W Gamez, M Clark, RA TI Multiple PU.1 sites cooperate in the regulation of p40(phox) transcription during granulocytic differentiation of myeloid cells SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS-DISEASE; PHAGOCYTE NADPH OXIDASE; RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD PROGENITORS; SEQUENCE-BINDING PROTEIN; CYTOSOLIC COMPONENT; HL-60 CELLS; SH3 DOMAIN; GP91(PHOX) EXPRESSION; MICROBICIDAL OXIDASE AB The p40(phox) protein, a regulatory component of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, is preferentially expressed in cells of myeloid lineage. We investigated transcriptional regulation of the p40(phox) gene in HL-60 myeloid cells. Deletion analysis of approximately 6 kb of the 5'-flanking sequence of the gene demonstrated that the proximal 106 base pair of the promoter exhibited maximum reporter activity. This region contains 3 potential binding sites for PU.1, a myeloid-restricted member of the ets family of transcription factors. Mutation or deletion of each PU.1 site decreased promoter activity and the level of activity mediated by each site correlated with its binding avidity for PU.1, site determined by gel shift competition assays. Mutation of all 3 sites abolished promoter activity in myeloid cells. PU.1 dependent expression was also observed in the Raji B-cell line, whereas the moderate level of promoter reporter activity in the nonmyeloid HeLa cell line was independent of PU.1. Chromatin immuno-precipitation assay demonstrated occupation of the PU.1 sites by PU.1 in vivo in HL-60 cells, Cotransfection of the pGL3-p40-106 reporter construct with a dominant-negative PU.1 mutant dramatically reduced promoter activity, whereas the overexpression of PU.1 increased promoter activity. Promoter activity and transcript levels of p40(phox) increased in HL-60 cells during dimethyl sulfoxide-induced differentiation toward the granulocyte phenotype, and this was associated with increased cellular levels of PU.1 protein. Our findings demonstrate that PU.1 binding at multiple sites is required for p40(phox) gene transcription In myeloid cells and that granulocytic differentiation is associated with the coordinated up-regulation of PU.1 and P40(phox) expression. (C) 2002 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Geneva, Fdn Rech Med, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Clark, RA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI020866, AI20866, R37 AI020866] NR 70 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 99 IS 12 BP 4578 EP 4587 DI 10.1182/blood.V99.12.4578 PG 10 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 559WA UT WOS:000176047800042 PM 12036891 ER PT J AU Wigen, CL Goetz, MB AF Wigen, CL Goetz, MB TI Serotonin syndrome and linezolid SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material AB We present a case of serotonin syndrome in a patient who initiated linezolid therapy shortly after discontinuation of therapy with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (paroxetine). C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Goetz, MB (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, 111-F,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. OI Goetz, Matthew/0000-0003-4542-992X NR 9 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 34 IS 12 BP 1651 EP 1652 DI 10.1086/340710 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 559CC UT WOS:000176006400018 PM 12032904 ER PT J AU Mold, C Rodic-Polic, B Du Clos, TW AF Mold, C Rodic-Polic, B Du Clos, TW TI Protection from Streptococcus pneumoniae infection by C-reactive protein and natural antibody requires complement but not Fc gamma receptors SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEDIATED PROTECTION; TRANSGENIC MICE; DEFICIENT MICE; CELL-WALL; IN-VIVO; MOUSE; BINDING; PHAGOCYTOSIS; CLEARANCE; PHOSPHORYLCHOLINE AB Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen and the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Both adaptive and innate immune mechanisms provide protection from infection. Innate immunity to S. pneumoniae in mice is mediated by naturally occurring anti-phosphocholine (PC) Abs and complement. The human acute-phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP) also protects mice from lethal S. pneumoniae infection. CRP and anti-PC Ab share the ability to bind to PC on the cell wall C-polysaccharide of S. pneumoniae and to activate complement. CRP and IgG anti-PC also bind to FcgammaR. In this study, FcgammaR- and complement-deficient mice were used to compare the mechanisms of protection conferred by CRP and anti-PC Ab. Injection of CRP protected wild-type, FcRgamma-chain-, FcgammaRIIb-, and FcgammaRIII-deficient mice from infection. Complement was required for the protective effect of CRP as cobra venom factor treatment eliminated the effect of CRP in both gamma-chain-deficient and wild-type mice, and CRP failed to protect C3- or C4-deficient mice from infection. Unexpectedly, gamma-chain-deficient mice were extremely sensitive to pneumococcal infection. This sensitivity was associated with low levels of natural anti-PC Ab. gamma-chain-deficient mice immunized with nonencapsulated S. pneumoniae produced both IgM- and IgG PC-specific Abs, were protected from infection, and were able to clear the bacteria from the bloodstream. The protection provided by immunization was eliminated by complement depletion. The results show that in this model of systemic infection with highly virulent S. pneumoniae, protection from lethality by CRP and anti-PC Abs requires complement, but not FcgammaR. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Du Clos, TW (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, 1501 San Pedro SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI28358] NR 46 TC 82 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 168 IS 12 BP 6375 EP 6381 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 561MT UT WOS:000176145300054 PM 12055255 ER PT J AU Georges, F Aston-Jones, G AF Georges, F Aston-Jones, G TI Activation of ventral tegmental area cells by the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis: A novel excitatory amino acid input to midbrain dopamine neurons SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dopamine neurons; ventral tegmental area; bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; NMDA receptors; non-NMDA receptors; extracellular recording ID METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; GLUTAMATE-RECEPTOR SUBTYPES; DUAL-PROBE MICRODIALYSIS; LOCUS-COERULEUS NEURONS; RAT SUBSTANTIA NIGRA; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; NMDA RECEPTORS; BEHAVIORAL SENSITIZATION; AFFERENT-PROJECTIONS; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS AB We examined the role of excitatory amino acids (EAAs) in the activation of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons evoked by stimulation of the ventromedial and ventrolateral (subcommissural) bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (vBNST). Using anesthetized rats and extracellular recording techniques, we found that 84.8% of ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neurons were activated synaptically by single-pulse electrical stimulation of the vBNST. In contrast, similar stimulation did not affect the activity of presumed GABA neurons in the VTA. Three characteristic responses were observed in VTA DA neurons: short latency activation (<25 msec; 55.1% of cells), long latency activation (>65 msec; 56% of cells), and inhibition (61.8% of cells, usually followed by long latency excitation). Microinfusion of antagonists of EAA receptors (3 mM kynurenic acid, 100 muM AP-5, or 50 muM CNQX) from a micropipette adjacent to the recording electrode significantly reduced both short and long latency activations evoked in DA neurons by vBNST stimulation. Specific responses were attenuated similarly by AP-5 alone, CNQX alone, or a cocktail of AP-5+CNQX, indicating that joint activation of NMDA plus non-NMDA receptors was required. Stimulation of the vBNST by local microinfusion of glutamate increased the firing and bursting activity of VTA DA neurons. Similar microinfusion of GABA decreased bursting of VTA DA neurons without altering their firing rate. Retrograde and anterograde labeling and antidromic activation of vBNST neurons by VTA stimulation confirmed a direct projection from the vBNST to the VTA. These results reveal that inputs from the vBNST exert a strong excitatory influence on VTA DA neurons mediated by both NMDA and non-NMDA receptors. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Lab Neuromodulat & Behav, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Aston-Jones, G (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Lab Neuromodulat & Behav, Mail Box 151,Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA06214] NR 62 TC 187 Z9 188 U1 2 U2 7 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD JUN 15 PY 2002 VL 22 IS 12 BP 5173 EP 5187 PG 15 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 564KE UT WOS:000176312900043 PM 12077212 ER PT J AU Hallen, S Mareninova, O Branden, M Sachs, G AF Hallen, S Mareninova, O Branden, M Sachs, G TI Organization of the membrane domain of the human liver sodium/bile acid cotransporter SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GLUTAMATE TRANSPORTER GLT-1; TRANSMEMBRANE HELICES; TOPOLOGY PREDICTION; EXPRESSION CLONING; TOPOGENIC SIGNALS; REENTRANT LOOP; PROTEINS; INSERTION; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSLATION AB Mammalian sodium/bile acid cotransporters (SBATs) are glycoproteins with an exoplasmic N-terminus, an odd number of transmembrane regions, and a cytoplasmic C-terminus. Various algorithms predict eight or nine membrane-embedded regions derived from nine hydrophobic stretches of the protein (H1-H9). Three methods were used to define which of these were transmembrane or membrane-associated segments in the liver bile acid transporter. The first was in vitro translation/insertion scanning using either single hydrophobic sequences between the N-terminal domain of the alpha-subunit of the gastric H,K-ATPase and the C-terminal domain of the beta-subunit that contains five N-linked glycosylation exoplasmic flags or using constructs beginning with the N-terminus of the transporter of various lengths and again ending in the C-terminus of the H,K-ATPase beta-subunit. Seven of the predicted segments, but not the amphipathic H3 and H8 sequences, insert as both individual signal anchor and stop transfer sequences in the reporter constructs. These sequences, H3 and H8, are contained within two postulated long exoplasmic loops in the classical seven-transmembrane segment model. The H3 segment acts as a partial stop transfer signal when expressed downstream of the endogenous H2. In a similar manner, the other amphipathic segment, H8, inserts as a signal anchor sequence when translated in the context with the upstream transporter sequence in two different glycosylation constructs. Alanine insertion scanning identified regions of the transporter requiring precise alignment of sequence to form competent secondary structures. The transport activity of these mutants was evaluated either in native protein or in a yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) fusion protein construct. All alanine insertions in H3 and H8 abolished taurocholate uptake, suggesting that both these regions have structures with critical intramolecular interactions. Moreover, these insertions also prevented trafficking to the plasma membrane as assessed by confocal microscopy with a polyclonal antibody against either the C-terminus of the transporter or the YFP signal of the YFP-transporter fusion protein. Two glycosylation signals inserted in the first postulated loop region and four of five such signals in the second postulated loop region were not recognized by the oligosaccharide transferase, and the L256N mutation exhibited 10% glycosylation and was inactive. These findings support a topography with nine membrane-spanning or membrane-associated segments. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Wadsworth Vet Adm Hosp, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Sachs, G (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Membrane Biol Lab, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 113,Rm 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK41301, DK53462, DK17294, DK46917] NR 29 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 41 IS 23 BP 7253 EP 7266 DI 10.1021/bi012152s PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 559ZU UT WOS:000176057300009 PM 12044156 ER PT J AU Carabello, BA AF Carabello, BA TI Evolution of the study of left ventricular function - Everything old is new again SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID SYSTOLIC WALL STRESS; AORTIC-VALVE REPLACEMENT; PRESSURE-VOLUME RELATION; MITRAL REGURGITATION; PRELOAD; CONTRACTILITY; HYPERTROPHY; PREDICTORS; AFTERLOAD; MECHANICS C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Carabello, BA (reprint author), 2002 Holcombe Blvd 111 MCL, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 26 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUN 11 PY 2002 VL 105 IS 23 BP 2701 EP 2703 DI 10.1161/01.CIR.0000021240.86593.9D PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 562GT UT WOS:000176189600011 PM 12057980 ER PT J AU Back, AL Starks, H Hsu, C Gordon, JR Bharucha, A Pearlman, RA AF Back, AL Starks, H Hsu, C Gordon, JR Bharucha, A Pearlman, RA TI Clinician-patient interactions' about requests for physician-assisted suicide - A patient and family view SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TERMINALLY ILL PATIENTS; OF-LIFE DISCUSSIONS; SUPREME-COURT; PALLIATIVE CARE; UNITED-STATES; EUTHANASIA; DEATH; ATTITUDES; DESIRE; COMMUNICATION AB Background: Responding effectively to a patient request for physician-assisted suicide (PAS) is an important clinical skill that involves careful evaluation. Clinician responses to PAS requests, however, have only been described using data obtained from clinicians. Objective: To describe qualities of clinician-patient interactions about requests for PAS that were valued by patients and their family members. Participants and Methods: Intensive qualitative case study involving multiple longitudinal interviews conducted prospectively with patients pursuing PAS and with their family members and retrospectively with family members of deceased patients who seriously pursued PAS. The study setting was community based. Participants were recruited through patient advocacy organizations, hospices, and grief counselors. A total of 35 cases were studied: 12 were prospective and 23 were retrospective. Study procedures involved semistructured interviews that were audiotaped, transcribed, reviewed, and analyzed by a multidisciplinary research team. Results: Three themes were identified that describe qualities of clinician-patient interactions that were valued by patients and family members: (1) openness to discussions about PAS; (2) clinician expertise in dealing with the dying process; and (3) maintenance of a therapeutic clinician-patient relationship, even when clinician and patient disagree about PAS. Conclusions: These patient and family accounts reveal missed opportunities for clinicians to engage in therapeutic relationships, including discussions about PAS, dying, and end-of-life care. Clinicians responding to patients requesting PAS need communication skills enabling them to discuss PAS and dying openly, as well as expertise in setting reasonable expectations, individualizing pain control, and providing accurate information about the lethal potential of medications. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med Hist & Eth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Anthropol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Seattle Inst Biomed & Clin Res, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Vet Hlth Adm, Natl Ctr Eth, Washington, DC USA. RP Back, AL (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way S-111, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 46 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUN 10 PY 2002 VL 162 IS 11 BP 1257 EP 1265 DI 10.1001/archinte.162.11.1257 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 559GB UT WOS:000176017100007 PM 12038944 ER PT J AU Chaiyakunapruk, N Veenstra, DL Lipsky, BA Saint, S AF Chaiyakunapruk, N Veenstra, DL Lipsky, BA Saint, S TI Chlorhexidine compared with povidone-iodine solution for vascular catheter-site care: A meta-analysis SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETERS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTION; PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS; PREVENTION; MORTALITY; CONSEQUENCES; DISINFECTION; ANAPHYLAXIS; GLUCONATE AB Purpose: Bloodstream infections related to use of catheters, particularly central-line catheters, are an important cause of patient morbidity, mortality, and increased health care costs. This study evaluated the efficacy of skin disinfection with chlorhexidine gluconate compared with povidone-iodine solution in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection. Data Sources: Multiple computerized databases (1966 to 2001), reference lists of identified articles, and queries of principal investigators and antiseptic manufacturers. Study Selection: Randomized, controlled trials comparing chlorhexidine gluconate with povidone-iodine solutions for catheter-site care. Data Extraction: Using a standardized form, two reviewers abstracted data on study design, patient population, intervention, and incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection from all included studies. Data Synthesis: Eight studies involving a total of 4143 catheters met the inclusion criteria. All studies were concluded in a hospital setting, and various catheter types were used. The summary risk ratio for catheter-related bloodstream infection was 0.49 (95% CI, 0.28 to 0.88) in patients whose catheter sites were disinfected with chlorhexidine gluconate Instead of povidone-iodine. Among patients with a central vascular catheter, chlorhexidine gluconate reduced the risk for catheter-related bloodstream infection by 49% (risk ratio, 0.51 [CI 0.27 to 0.97]). Conclusions: These results suggest that incidence of bloodstream infections is significantly reduced In patients with central vascular lines who receive chlorhexidine gluconate versus povidone-iodine for insertion-site skin disinfection. Use of chlorhexidine gluconate is a simple and effective means of reducing vascular catheter-related infections. C1 Naresuan Univ, Pitsanuloak, Thailand. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Ann Arbor Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Veenstra, DL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Pharmaceut Outcomes Res & Policy Program, Box 357630, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114 NR 41 TC 283 Z9 296 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 4 PY 2002 VL 136 IS 11 BP 792 EP 801 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 558KG UT WOS:000175964500002 PM 12044127 ER PT J AU Roy, AK Oh, T Rivera, O Mubiru, J Song, CS Chatterjee, B AF Roy, AK Oh, T Rivera, O Mubiru, J Song, CS Chatterjee, B TI Impacts of transcriptional regulation on aging and senescence SO AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE transcription factors; aging; gene regulation; senescence phenotype; reactive oxygen species ID NF-KAPPA-B; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR GENE; DNA-BINDING PROTEIN; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; C/EBP-ALPHA; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; DEPENDENT REGULATION; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; MMTV PROMOTER AB The genetic makeup of the organism appears to dictate the species-specific rate of aging and the maximum life-span potential. The genotype is converted to phenotype through transcriptional and translational regulation. A group of gene regulatory proteins (transcription factors) play critical roles in controlling the rates of transcription of specific genes by directly interacting with regulatory sequences at gene promoters. Here, we review the basic mechanism of transcriptional control and the role of a number of transcription factors whose level and/or activity alter with age. Among these age-dependent transcription factors, many are involved in the regulation of stress and inflammatory responses and are subjected to functional alterations by reactive oxygen species (ROSs). A progressive rise of oxidative stress, impaired ability to cope with stressful stimuli and prolongation of the inflammatory response are some of the hallmarks of the senescent phenotype. Results published to date are supportive of the concept that a species-specific program of the temporal regulation of genes with additional modulation by a number of epigenetic factors, mediates the age-dependent deterioration of physiological functions and development of the senescent phenotype. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Roy, AK (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [R37AG-10486, T32AG-00165]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01DK-14744] NR 79 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 1568-1637 J9 AGEING RES REV JI Ageing Res. Rev. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 1 IS 3 BP 367 EP 380 AR PII S1568-1637(02)00006-5 DI 10.1016/S1568-1637(02)00006-5 PG 14 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 603AP UT WOS:000178536900005 PM 12067592 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Olden, K Bjorkman, D AF El-Serag, HB Olden, K Bjorkman, D TI Health-related quality of life among persons with irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Review ID OF-LIFE; GASTROINTESTINAL-DISEASE; IMPACT; CARE; GASTROENTEROLOGY; VALIDATION; SEVERITY; SYMPTOMS; WOMEN AB Aim: To perform a systematic review of the literature with three objectives: (1) to compare the health related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with irritable bowel syndrome with that of healthy controls; (2) to compare the HRQoL of irritable bowel syndrome patients to those with other diseases; and (3) to examine therapy-associated changes in HRQoL of irritable bowel syndrome patients. Methods: Searches of all English and non-English articles from 1980 to 2001 were performed in Medline and Embase, and two investigators performed independent data abstraction. Results: Seventeen articles met our selection criteria. 13 studies addressed objective no. 1; 11 showed a significant reduction in HRQoL among irritable bowel syndrome patients. Of these, only one study was considered of high quality. Four studies addressed objective no. 2, none of which was considered to be high quality in addressing this objective. Four trials (three of high quality) addressed objective no. 3. One showed that symptomatic improvement with Leupron compared to placebo was accompanied an improvement only in the comparative health domain of the HRQoL. The second study reported significant positive changes in HRQoL after 12 weeks of cognitive behavioural therapy. The third report of two placebo-controlled studies indicated significant improvement with alosetron on most domains of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life Questionnaire. Conclusions: (i) There is reasonable evidence for a decrease in HRQoL in patients with moderate to severe irritable bowel syndrome; however, the data are conflicting regarding the impact of irritable bowel syndrome on HRQoL in population-based studies of nonconsulters. (ii) HRQoL in irritable bowel syndrome patients is impaired to a degree comparable to other chronic disorders such as GERD and depression. (iii) A therapeutic response in irritable bowel syndrome-related pain has a corresponding improvement in HRQoL. (iv) Limitations of the literature include focusing on moderate-severe irritable bowel syndrome in referral centres, and lack of appropriate controls. C1 Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Mayo Clin Scottsdale, Dept Med, Scottsdale, AZ 85251 USA. Mayo Clin Scottsdale, Dept Psychiat, Scottsdale, AZ 85251 USA. Univ Utah, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, 152,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 34 TC 132 Z9 138 U1 2 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1171 EP 1185 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01290.x PG 15 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 556FG UT WOS:000175838300018 PM 12030961 ER PT J AU Aranda, JM Krause-Steinrauf, HJ Greenberg, BH Heng, MK Kosolcharoen, PK Renlund, DG Thaneemit-Chen, S White, M Cintron, GB AF Aranda, JM Krause-Steinrauf, HJ Greenberg, BH Heng, MK Kosolcharoen, PK Renlund, DG Thaneemit-Chen, S White, M Cintron, GB CA BEST Investigators TI Comparison of the beta blocker bucindolol in younger versus older patients with heart failure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADRENERGIC-RECEPTOR BLOCKADE; AGE AB The elderly population in the Beta-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial is a sicker cohort of patients characterized by increased duration of heart failure, more coronary artery disease, and higher mortality. Compared with younger patients, older patients with heart failure safely tolerate the beta blocker bucindolol with similar physiologic effects; advanced age should not be the sole reason for avoiding beta blockers in elderly patients with heart failure. C1 Univ Florida, Coll Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Gainesville Vet Adm Med Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. NHLBI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Sepulveda Vet Adm Med Ctr, Sepulveda, CA USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI USA. Latter Day St Hosp, Salt Lake City, UT 84143 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, CSPCC, Palo Alto, CA USA. Montreal Heart Inst, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada. Tampa Vet Adm Med Ctr, Tampa, FL USA. RP Aranda, JM (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Med, 1600 SW Archer Rd,Room 10-539, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 89 IS 11 BP 1322 EP + DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(02)02339-1 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 558UN UT WOS:000175985300021 PM 12031741 ER PT J AU Sepulveda, AR Peterson, LE Shelton, J Gutierrez, O Graham, DY AF Sepulveda, AR Peterson, LE Shelton, J Gutierrez, O Graham, DY TI Histological patterns of gastritis in H-pylori-infected individuals with a family history of gastric cancer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; RISK; POPULATION; CARCINOMA; LESIONS; STOMACH; JAPAN AB OBJECTIVE: Different types of chronic gastritis, including antral predominant, corpus predominant, and multifocal pangastritis, are associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. Specific patterns of H. pylori gastritis that might characterize individuals with family histories of noncardia gastric cancer (GC) were investigated. METHODS: Histopathological changes associated with H. pylori gastritis were assessed in 111 individuals with family histories of GC and in 77 without from a region with high prevalence of H. pylori infection and GC. Gastric biopsies were taken from 12 sites (antrum, five; corpus, six; and cardia, one). RESULTS: Individuals (age < 36 yr) with family histories of GC developed pangastritis and had higher H. pylori bacterial scores (p < 0.05) in the gastric corpus, whereas those without family histories of GC typically had antral predominant gastritis. The correlation between density of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and density of H. pylori at each biopsy site was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Pangastritis was associated with a higher density of lymphoid aggregates and follicles (p < 0.05) in the corpus of younger individuals (age < 36) and in the antrum of older individuals (age &GE; 48) with positive family histories of GC. CONCLUSIONS: Pangastritis and high lymphoid follicle density associated with H. pylori infection were found in patients with family histories of GC. Because a family history of gastric carcinoma is associated with increased risk of gastric cancer development, characterization of histological patterns of gastritis may be applicable to gastric cancer screening and surveillance, especially in relatively young at-risk populations. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Nacl Colombia, Bogota, Colombia. RP Sepulveda, AR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, PUH-A610,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. OI Peterson, Leif/0000-0002-1187-0883 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA78199-03] NR 27 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 97 IS 6 BP 1365 EP 1370 AR PII S0002-9270(02)04023-6 DI 10.1016/S0002-9270(02)04023-6 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 566AJ UT WOS:000176403300014 PM 12094851 ER PT J AU Mathurin, P Xiong, SG Kharbanda, KK Veal, N Miyahara, T Motomura, K Rippe, RA Bachem, MG Tsukamoto, H AF Mathurin, P Xiong, SG Kharbanda, KK Veal, N Miyahara, T Motomura, K Rippe, RA Bachem, MG Tsukamoto, H TI IL-10 receptor and coreceptor expression in quiescent and activated hepatic stellate cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE interleukin-10; cytokine receptor family 2-4; procollagen-alpha(1)(I); matrix metalloprotease-2; matrix metalloprotease-13; monocyte-chemoattracting protein-1; liver fibrosis ID GALACTOSAMINE-SENSITIZED MICE; HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-10 RECEPTOR; SINUSOIDAL ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; KUPFFER CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; LIVER FIBROSIS; I COLLAGEN; INJURY; RNA AB Interleukin (IL)-10 expression is induced in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) in vitro and in vivo. We analyzed expression of IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) and coreceptor cytokine receptor family (CRF2-4) in HSC. We aimed to clone and sequence partial cDNA for rat IL-10R and CRF2-4, determine their expression in activated rat HSC in vivo and in vitro, and examine the biological responsiveness of HSC to exogenous IL-10. PCR cloning and sequencing of partial rat IL-10R and CRF2-4 cDNAs revealed 86% homology with corresponding mouse sequences. In hepatic macrophages, Northern blot with cloned IL-10R cDNA detected an expected 3.5-kb transcript, and IL-10R and CRF2-4 mRNAs showed steady constitutive expression after in vitro lipopolysaccharide treatment or cholestatic liver injury. IL-10R mRNA expression, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry, was induced 20.1- and 8.6-fold in HSC from cholestatic livers and 7-day culture-activated HSC, respectively but CRF2-4 mRNA levels were unchanged. Under serum-free conditions, IL-10 had minimal effects on collagen production but reduced DNA synthesis, matrix metalloprotease-2 mRNA levels, and activity in HSC. With serum, IL-10 inhibited both collagen production and DNA synthesis but had no effect on procollagen-alpha(1)(I) mRNA levels. This shows concomitant induction of IL-10R but not CRF2-4 to that of IL-10 by activated HSC in vitro and in vivo and associated acquisition of the responsiveness to IL-10, entailing complex effects on HSC. C1 Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ Ulm, Inst Clin Chem, D-89070 Ulm, Germany. RP Tsukamoto, H (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Pathol, 1333 San Pablo St,MMR-412, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [P50-AA-11999, R01-AA-10459, R37-AA-06603, R24-AA-12885]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30-DK-48522]; PHS HHS [R01-DR-34987] NR 44 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 282 IS 6 BP G981 EP G990 DI 10.1152/ajpgi.00293.2001 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 552KT UT WOS:000175620100009 PM 12016123 ER PT J AU Nemoto, S Vallejo, JG Knuefermann, P Misra, A Defreitas, G Carabello, BA Mann, DL AF Nemoto, S Vallejo, JG Knuefermann, P Misra, A Defreitas, G Carabello, BA Mann, DL TI Escherichia coli LPS-induced LV dysfunction: role of toll-like receptor-4 in the adult heart SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE innate immunity; endotoxic shock; proinflammatory cytokine; myocardial depression ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; CELL WALL COMPONENTS; SEPTIC SHOCK; NITRIC-OXIDE; EXPRESSION; ENDOTOXIN; GENE; MICE; TLR4; RECOGNITION AB The precise molecular mechanisms responsible for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction remain undefined. Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) engages lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and activates signaling pathways leading to the expression of proinflammatory cytokines implicated in myocardial dysfunction. We determined whether TLR-4 was necessary for LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction in vivo. The effects of LPS on left ventricular (LV) function were studied in mice with defective TLR-4 signaling (C3H/HeJ, TLR-4 deficient) and wild-type mice (C3HeB/FeJ). Mice (n=5/group) were injected with LPS or diluent, and LV function was examined by using two-dimensional echocardiography and conductance catheters. LPS significantly decreased all indexes of LV function in wild-type mice when compared with controls; LV function was not depressed in the LPS-treated TLR-4-deficient mice relative to controls. LPS increased myocardial nitric oxide synthase-2 expression and cGMP only in wild-type mice. This study suggests that TLR-4 mediates the LV dysfunction that occurs in LPS-induced shock. Therefore, TLR-4 might be a therapeutic target for attenuating the effects of LPS on the heart. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Infect Dis Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Mann, DL (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-42250-10/10, P50 HL-O6H, R01 HL-58081-01, R01 HL-61543-01]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM-62474-01] NR 25 TC 109 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 282 IS 6 BP H2316 EP H2323 DI 10.1152/ajpheart.00763.2001 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 550YC UT WOS:000175531800046 PM 12003842 ER PT J AU Stroud, JD Baicu, CF Barnes, MA Spinale, FG Zile, MR AF Stroud, JD Baicu, CF Barnes, MA Spinale, FG Zile, MR TI Viscoelastic properties of pressure overload hypertrophied myocardium: effect of serine protease treatment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE matrix metalloproteinases; muscle; stiffness; viscosity ID MATRIX-METALLOPROTEINASE INHIBITION; AORTIC-VALVE DISEASE; DIASTOLIC FUNCTION; HEART-FAILURE; RAT HEARTS; COLLAGEN MATRIX; SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN; PAPILLARY-MUSCLE AB To determine whether and to what extent one component of the extracellular matrix, fibrillar collagen, contributes causally to abnormalities in viscoelasticity, collagen was acutely degraded by activation of endogenous matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) with the serine protease plasmin. Papillary muscles were isolated from normal cats and cats with right ventricular pressure overload hypertrophy (POH) induced by pulmonary artery banding. Plasmin treatment caused MMP activation, collagen degradation, decreased the elastic stiffness constant, and decreased the viscosity constant in both normal and POH muscles. Thus, whereas many mechanisms may contribute to the abnormalities in myocardial viscoelasticity in the POH myocardium, changes in fibrillar collagen appear to play a predominant role. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Surg, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Zile, MR (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, 96 Jonathan Lucas St,Suite 816,POB 250623, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01-HL-48788, R01-HL-55444-03] NR 49 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 282 IS 6 BP H2324 EP H2335 DI 10.1152/ajpheart.00711.2001 PG 12 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 550YC UT WOS:000175531800047 PM 12003843 ER PT J AU Farren, CK O'Malley, S AF Farren, CK O'Malley, S TI A pilot double blind placebo controlled trial of sertraline with naltrexone in the treatment of opiate dependence SO AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS LA English DT Article ID OPIOID ADDICTS; FLUOXETINE; ALCOHOLISM; PROGRAM AB Naltrexone has been used for thirty years as an aid to maintenance of opiate abstinence with limited success. One reason is that naltrexone does not appear to reduce craving in opiate addiction, unlike in alcoholism. The authors conducted this trial of naltrexone in combination with the SSRI sertraline to assess treatment retention with combination pharmacotherapy. They used a double-blind placebo controlled trial of naltrexone 50 mg qd with placebo versus naltrexone 50 mg plus sertraline 50 mg, qd in 13 recently nondepressed abstinent opiate addicts followed over a 12 week period. Both groups had a similar side effect profile and while there was an initial trend in increased retention in the combination therapy group, there was no difference in retention by the end of the study. There was a fall in the Beck Depression Inventory scores in both groups over time, and there was a significant negative correlation between BDI scores and duration in treatment in the combination therapy group. There was a fall in opiate craving, as measured by an opiate craving questionnaire, over time in both groups. The authors conclude that combination pharmacotherapy appeared to be well tolerated and was initially successful in increasing treatment retention relative to naltrexone alone, but this effect tended to diminish over time. C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. RP Farren, CK (reprint author), Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRUNNER-ROUTLEDGE PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, 8TH FL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1055-0496 J9 AM J ADDICTION JI Am. J. Addict. PD SUM PY 2002 VL 11 IS 3 BP 228 EP 234 DI 10.1080/10550490290088009 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 583GV UT WOS:000177399700006 PM 12202015 ER PT J AU Andes, D Craig, WA AF Andes, D Craig, WA TI Pharmacodynamics of the new fluoroquinolone gatifloxacin in murine thigh and lung infection models SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; PHARMACOKINETICS; CIPROFLOXACIN; PARAMETERS; AM-1155 AB Gatifloxacin is a new 8-methoxy fluoroquinolone with enhanced activity against gram-positive cocci. We used the neutropenic murine thigh infection model to characterize the time course of antimicrobial activity of gatifloxacin and determine which pharmacokinetic (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) parameter best correlated with efficacy. The thighs of mice were infected with 10(6.5), to 10(7.4) CFU of strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Escherichia coli, and the mice were then treated for 24 h with 0.29 to 600 mg of gatifloxacin per kg of body weight per day, with the dose fractionated for dosing every 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. Levels in serum were measured by microbiologic assay. In vivo postantibiotic effects (PAEs) were calculated from serial values of the log(10) numbers of CFU per thigh 2 to 4 h after the administration of doses of 8 and 32 mg/kg. Nonlinear regression analysis was used to determine which PK-PD parameter best correlated with the numbers of CFU per thigh at 24 h. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed peak/dose values of 0.23 to 0.32, area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)/dose values of 0.47 to 0.62, and half-lives of 0.6 to 1.1 h. Gatifloxacin produced in vivo PAEs of 0.2 to 3.1 h for S. pneumoniae and 0.4 to 2.3 h for S. aureus. The 24-h AUC/MIC was the PK-PD parameter that best correlated with efficacy (R-2 = 90 to 94% for the three organisms, whereas R-2 = 70 to 81% for peak level/MIC and R-2 = 48 to 73% for the time that the concentration in serum was greater than the MIC). There was some reduced activity when dosing every 24 h was used due to the short half-life of gatifloxacin in mice. In subsequent studies we used the neutropenic and nonneutropenic murine thigh and lung infection models to determine if the magnitude of the AUC/MIC needed for the efficacy of gatifloxacin varied among pathogens (including resistant strains) and infection sites. The mice were infected with 106.5 to 107.4 CFU of four isolates of S. aureus (one methicillin resistant) per thigh, nine isolates of S. pneumoniae (two penicillin intermediate, four penicillin resistant, and two ciprofloxacin resistant) per thigh, four isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae per thigh, a single isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa per thigh, and 10(8.3) CFU of Klebsiella pneumoniae per lung. The mice were then treated for 24 h with 0.29 to 600 mg of gatifloxacin per kg every 6 or 12 h. A sigmoid dose-response model was used to estimate the dose (in milligrams per kilogram per 24 h) required to achieve a net bacteriostatic effect over 24 h. MICs ranged from 0.015 to 8 mug/ml. The 24-h AUC/MICs for each static dose (1.7 to 592) varied from 16 to 72. Mean +/- standard deviation 24-h AUC/MICs for isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae, S. pneumoniae, and S. aureus were 41 +/- 21, 52 +/- 20, and 36 9, respectively. Methicillin, penicillin, or ciprofloxacin resistance did not alter the magnitude of the AUC/MIC required for efficacy. The 24-h AUC/MICs required to achieve bacteriostatic effects against K. pneumoniae were quite similar in the thigh and lung (70 versus 56 in neutropenic mice and 32 versus 43 in nonneutropenic mice, respectively). The magnitude of the 24-h AUC/MIC of gatifloxacin required for efficacy against multiple pathogens varied only fourfold and was not significantly altered by drug resistance or site of infection. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. RP Andes, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Room H4-570,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 17 TC 86 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 46 IS 6 BP 1665 EP 1670 DI 10.1128/AAC.46.6.1665-1670.2002 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 553EM UT WOS:000175662800008 PM 12019073 ER PT J AU Perea, S Lopez-Ribot, JL Wickes, BL Kirkpatrick, WR Dib, OP Bachmann, SP Keller, SM Martinez, M Patterson, TF AF Perea, S Lopez-Ribot, JL Wickes, BL Kirkpatrick, WR Dib, OP Bachmann, SP Keller, SM Martinez, M Patterson, TF TI Molecular mechanisms of fluconazole resistance in Candida dubliniensis isolates from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID AZOLE ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; LANOSTEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; MULTIDRUG TRANSPORTERS; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; IN-VITRO; ALBICANS; IDENTIFICATION; AIDS AB Candida dubliniensis is a newly identified species of Candida that is phenotypically similar to but genetically distinct from C. albicans. This organism has been recovered with increasing frequency from the oral cavities of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and AIDS patients and has been implicated as a causative agent of oral candidiasis and systemic disease. In the present study we characterized the molecular mechanisms of resistance to fluconazole (FLC) in C. dubliniensis clinical isolates from two different HIV-infected patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis. Isolates were identified to the species level by phenotypic and genotypic tests. DNA-typing techniques were used to assess strain identity. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by NCCLS techniques. Northern blotting analysis was used to monitor the expression of genes encoding lanosterol demethylase (ERG11) and efflux transporters (CDR and MDR1) in matched sets of C. dubliniensis-susceptible and -resistant isolates by using probes generated from their homologous C. albicans sequences. In addition, ERG11 genes were amplified by PCR, and their nucleotide sequences were determined in order to detect point mutations with a possible effect in the affinity for azoles. Decreasing susceptibilities to FLC were detected in C. dubliniensis isolates recovered from both patients during the course of treatment. FLC-resistant C. dubliniensis isolates from one patient demonstrated combined upregulation of the MDR1, CDR1, and ERG11 genes. Among the isolates from the second patient, all isolates showing decreased susceptibility to FLC demonstrated upregulation of MDR1, whereas the levels of mRNA for the ERG11 genes remained constant and the expression of CDR genes was negligible. Fourteen point mutations were found in the ERG11 genes of the isolates with decreased susceptibility to FLC. These data demonstrate that the development of azole resistance in C. dublinensis clinical isolates from HIV-infected patients treated with FLC is mediated by multiple molecular mechanisms of resistance, similar to the observations found in the case of C albicans. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis,S Texas Ctr Biol, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Lopez-Ribot, JL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis,S Texas Ctr Biol, 15355 Lambda Dr, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. RI Lopez-Ribot, Jose/D-2048-2010 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346, M01 RR001346]; NIAID NIH HHS [R29 AI42401]; NIDCR NIH HHS [5R01 DE11381-04A2, R01 DE011381] NR 47 TC 46 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 46 IS 6 BP 1695 EP 1703 DI 10.1128/AAC.46.6.1695-1703.2002 PG 9 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 553EM UT WOS:000175662800013 PM 12019078 ER PT J AU Lin, YSE Vidic, RD Stout, JE Yu, VL AF Lin, YSE Vidic, RD Stout, JE Yu, VL TI Negative effect of high pH on biocidal efficacy of copper and silver ions in controlling Legionella pneumophila SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; IONIZATION; INACTIVATION AB Copper-silver (Cu-Ag) ionization has effectively controlled Legionella spp. in the hot water systems of numerous hospitals. However, it was ineffective at controlling Legionella in one Ohio hospital despite the confirmation of adequate total concentrations of copper and silver ions. The pH of the water at this hospital was found to be 8.5 to 9.0. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of pH and other water quality parameters, including alkalinity (HCO3-), hardness (Ca2+ and Mg2+), and amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), on the control of Legionella by Cu-Ag ionization. Initial concentrations of Legionella and copper and silver ions used in batch experiments were 3 x 10(6) CFU/ml and 0.4 and 0.08 mg/liter, respectively. Changes in bicarbonate ion concentration (50, 100, and 150 mg/liter), water hardness (Ca2+ at 50 and 100 mg/liter; Mg2+ at 40 and 80 mg/liter), and level of DOC (0.5 and 2 mg/liter) had no significant impact on the efficacy of copper and silver ions in killing Legionella at a neutral pH. When the pH was elevated to 9 in these experiments, copper ions achieved only a 10-fold reduction in the number of Legionella organisms in 24 h, compared to a millionfold decrease at pH 7.0. Silver ions were able to achieve a millionfold reduction in 24 h at all ranges of water quality parameters tested. Precipitation of insoluble copper complexes was observed at a pH above 6.0. These results suggest that pH may be an important factor in the efficacy of copper-silver ionization in controlling Legionella in water systems. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Natl Kaohsiung Normal Univ, Grad Inst Environm Educ, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RP Yu, VL (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. OI Vidic, Radisav/0000-0001-7969-6845 NR 14 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 68 IS 6 BP 2711 EP 2715 DI 10.1128/AEM.68.6.2711-2715.2002 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 559MN UT WOS:000176030100012 PM 12039724 ER PT J AU Chen, SC Yeung, JS Chren, MM AF Chen, SC Yeung, JS Chren, MM TI Scalpdex - A quality-of-life instrument for scalp dermatitis SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS; PSORIASIS; RESPONSIVENESS; SKINDEX AB Objective: To develop a scalp dermatitis-specific quality-of-life instrument. Methods: Based on the results of directed focus sessions with 8 patients with scalp psoriasis or seborrheic dermatitis, we conceptualized 3 major constructs that explain the way scalp dermatoses affect patient quality of life: symptoms, functioning. and emotions. We constructed a 23-item instrument, Scalpdex, and tested its reliability, responsiveness, and validity. Results: Fifty-two dermatology patients completed the study. We demonstrated construct validity by confirming that the factors derived by principal axes factor analyses with orthogonal rotation correlated to our hypothesized scales (r=0.76-0.84) and that differences in symptom, functioning, and emotion scores differed among the varying levels of self-reported scalp severity more than would be expected by chance (P<.05 by analysis of variance). The instrument demonstrated reliability with internal consistency (Cronbach alpha, 0.62-0.80) and reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.90-0.97). The quality-of-life scores changed in the expected direction in our test for responsiveness (Pless than or equal to.05, by paired t test for functioning and emotion for those who improved). We ascertained the discriminant capability of Scalpdex compared with a dermatological generic quality-of-life tool, Skindex, by demonstrating superior responsiveness (Pless than or equal to.005 by paired t test in functioning and emotion) and improved overall sensitivity in individual items. Conclusions: Scalpclex is, to our knowledge, the first quality-of-life instrument specifically for patients with scalp dermatitis that is reliable, valid, and responsive. Clinicians can use the instrument to determine which aspect of the disease most bothers the patient and to evaluate quality of life as one variable of responsiveness to the therapeutic intervention. C1 Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Emory Ctr Outcomes Res, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. Atlanta Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Hlth Serv Res, Atlanta, GA USA. Atlanta Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Dev Med, Atlanta, GA USA. Atlanta Vet Adm Med Ctr, Div Dermatol, Atlanta, GA USA. McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Chen, SC (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, 1639 Pierce Dr,5001 Woodruff Mem Bldg, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. NR 10 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 138 IS 6 BP 803 EP 807 DI 10.1001/archderm.138.6.803 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 563ZG UT WOS:000176287700012 PM 12056963 ER PT J AU Howanitz, PJ Steindel, SJ Heard, NV AF Howanitz, PJ Steindel, SJ Heard, NV TI Laboratory critical values policies and procedures - A College of American Pathologists Q-probes study in 623 institutions SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL LIMITS; IONIZED CALCIUM; NOTIFICATION; MANAGEMENT AB Context.-Critical values lists have been used for many years to decide when to notify physicians and other caregivers of potentially life-threatening situations; however, these lists have not been studied widely. Objectives.-To investigate critical values lists in institutions participating in the College of American Pathologists Q-Probes program and to provide suggestions for improvement. Setting.-A total of 623 institutions voluntarily participating in the Q-Probes program. Design.-A multipart study in which participants responded to information from preprinted lists, collected information about current practices, completed a questionnaire, monitored critical values calls, reviewed patients' medical records, and surveyed nursing supervisors and physicians about critical values. Main Outcome Measures.-Defining critical values systems, including lists, personnel, costs, processes, usefulness, and related medical outcomes. Results.-Critical values lists were determined for routine chemistry and hematology analytes and were found to vary widely among participants. In contrast, more than 95% of participants reported positive blood cultures, cerebrospinal fluid cultures, and toxic therapeutic drug levels as critical values. Based on more than 13000 critical values, participants' data showed that most critical values reports (92.8%) were made by the person who performed the test, and that 65% of reports for inpatients were received by nurses. For outpatients, physicians' office staff received the largest percentage (40%) of reports. The majority of participants (71.4%) had no policy on how repeat critical calls should be handled. On average, completion of notification required about 6 minutes for inpatients and 14 minutes for outpatients. Slightly greater than 5% of critical value telephone calls were abandoned, with the largest percentage abandoned for outpatients. More than 45% of critical values were unexpected, and 65% resulted in a change in therapy. Although only 20.8% of 2301 nursing supervisors thought critical values lists were helpful, 94.9% of 514 physicians found critical values lists valuable. Conclusions.-Critical values systems were medically important, highly variable, but also costly practices for participants. We propose a number of recommendations for improvement, including that the critical values list should be approved by the medical staff, each laboratory should develop a written policy for handling initial and repeat critical values reports, a foolproof policy should be established to report results from calls abandoned, and efforts at automating the process should become widespread. C1 Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst, Publ Hlth Practice Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Howanitz, PJ (reprint author), Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Box 25,450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. NR 24 TC 82 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 4 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 126 IS 6 BP 663 EP 669 PG 7 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 559ZK UT WOS:000176056400005 PM 12033953 ER PT J AU Casey, DE AF Casey, DE TI Atypical antipsychotics: Enhancing healthy outcomes SO ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING LA English DT Article ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; WEIGHT-GAIN; DIABETES-MELLITUS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; LIPID ABNORMALITIES; SMOKING CESSATION; RISK FACTOR; SCHIZOPHRENIA; MORTALITY; PREVALENCE C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin, Mental Hlth Div P3MIRECC, MIRECC VISN 20, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Psychiat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Casey, DE (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin, Mental Hlth Div P3MIRECC, MIRECC VISN 20, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0883-9417 J9 ARCH PSYCHIAT NURS JI Arch. Psychiatr. Nurs. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 3 SU 1 BP S12 EP S19 DI 10.1053/apnu.2002.33695 PG 8 WC Nursing; Psychiatry SC Nursing; Psychiatry GA 568CK UT WOS:000176524700003 PM 12046020 ER PT J AU Blair, HC Zaidi, M Schlesinger, PH AF Blair, HC Zaidi, M Schlesinger, PH TI Mechanisms balancing skeletal matrix synthesis and degradation SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE apoptosis; macrophage; mesenchymal stem cell; osteoblast; osteoclas; t ID NF-KAPPA-B; OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; OSTEOCLASTIC BONE-RESORPTION; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN; NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; TNF FAMILY MEMBER; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR AB Bone is regulated by evolutionarily conserved signals that balance continuous differentiation of bone matrix-producing cells against apoptosis and matrix removal. This is continued from embryogenesis, where the skeleton differentiates as a solid mass and is shaped into separate bones by cell death and proteolysis. The two major tissues of the skeleton are avascular cartilage, with an extracellular matrix based on type II collagen and hydrophilic proteoglycans, and bone, a stronger and lighter material based on oriented type I collagen and hydroxyapatite. Both differentiate from the same mesenchymal stem cells. This differentiation is regulated by a family of related signals centred on bone morphogenic proteins. Fibroblast growth factors, Indian hedgehog and parathyroid hormone-related protein are important in determining the type of matrix and the relation of skeletal and nonskeletal structures. Removal of mineralized matrix involves apoptosis of matrix cells and differentiation of acid-secreting cells (osteoclasts) from macrophage precursors. Key regulators of matrix removal are signals in the tumour-necrosis-factor family. Osteoclasts dissolve bone by isolating a region of the matrix and secreting HCl and proteinases at that site. Successive cycles of removal and replacement allow growth, repair and remodelling. The signals for bone turnover are predominantly cell-membrane-associated, allowing very specific spatial regulation. In addition to its support function, bone is a reservoir of Ca2+, PO43- and OH-. Secondary modulation of mineral secretion and bone degradation are mediated by humoral signals, including parathyroid hormone and vitamin D, as well as the cytokines that also regulate the underlying cell differentiation. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Physiol & Cell Biol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Vet Affairs Hlth Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Geriatr, New York, NY USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, New York, NY USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, New York, NY USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Cell Biol, St Louis, MO USA. RP Blair, HC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RI Schlesinger, Paul/C-6049-2012 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG12951, AG14917]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR46539, AR47700] NR 148 TC 93 Z9 97 U1 3 U2 13 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 3AJ, ENGLAND SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 364 BP 329 EP 341 DI 10.1042/BJ20020165 PN 2 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 562CT UT WOS:000176180400001 PM 12023876 ER PT J AU Kramer, JL Baltathakis, I Alcantara, OSF Boldt, DH AF Kramer, JL Baltathakis, I Alcantara, OSF Boldt, DH TI Differentiation of functional dendritic cells and macrophages from human peripheral blood monocyte precursors is dependent on expression of p21 (WAF1/CIP1) and requires iron SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE iron; haematopoiesis; p21(WAF1/CIP1); dendritic cells; macrophages ID HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-T; CYCLE PROGRESSION; DEFICIENCY; MECHANISMS; GENES AB Iron is required for monocyte/macrophage differentiation of HL-60 leukaemia cells. Differentiation requires induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (WAF1/CIP1), and cell cycle arrest at the G1/S checkpoint. With iron depletion, p21 induction and differentiation are blocked. To establish the roles of iron and p21 in normal monocyte/macrophage differentiation, we examined generation of dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages from peripheral monocytes. Monocytes were cultured with interleukin 4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), then treated with lipopolysaccharide to produce DCs or with M-CSF to produce macrophages. Iron deprivation was induced by desferrioxamine (DF). Monocyte-derived DCs had characteristic phenotype and morphology, and stimulated proliferation of naive allogeneic T lymphocytes. In contrast, DCs generated under iron deprivation were phenotypically undifferentiated and did not stimulate T cells. Similarly, macrophages expressed a characteristic phenotype and morphology, and phagocytosed latex beads, but macrophages generated under iron deprivation failed to develop a mature phenotype and had impaired phagocytosis. Iron deprivation blocked induction of p21 (WAF1/CIP1) expression in both DC and macrophage cultures. Furthermore, p21 antisense oligonucleotides, but not sense oligonucleotides, inhibited both DC and macrophage differentiation. These data indicate that a key role of iron in haematopoiesis is to support induction of p21 which, in turn, is required for DC and macrophage differentiation. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Boldt, DH (reprint author), Mail Code 7880,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK 5042] NR 22 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 117 IS 3 BP 727 EP 734 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03498.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 553LL UT WOS:000175676600038 PM 12028050 ER PT J AU Littner, M AF Littner, M TI Obstructive sleep apnea - Asleep in our consciousness no more SO CHEST LA English DT Editorial Material C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Littner, M (reprint author), Sepulveda VAMC, 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUN PY 2002 VL 121 IS 6 BP 1729 EP 1730 DI 10.1378/chest.121.6.1729 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 563TN UT WOS:000176271800001 PM 12065327 ER PT J AU Hoo, GWS Park, L AF Hoo, GWS Park, L TI Variations in the measurement of weaning parameters - A survey of respiratory therapists SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE mechanical ventilation; respiratory; therapists; weaning parameters ID MECHANICALLY VENTILATED PATIENTS; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; MAXIMAL INSPIRATORY PRESSURE; SUPPORT VENTILATION; OCCLUSION PRESSURE; ENDOTRACHEAL-TUBE; BREATHING INDEX; VOLUME RATIO; WORK; AIRWAY AB Objectives: Respiratory therapists differ in the methods used to obtain weaning parameters. A questionnaire survey was conducted to better characterize those differences. Design: A questionnaire survey was conducted among respiratory therapists from nine hospitals in the Los Angeles area. The four-page, 32-question instrument was self-administered and anonymous. Responses were tabulated for analysis. Setting: Respondents from nine hospitals, three hospitals with residency. training programs and six community hospitals without training programs in the Los Angeles area. Participants: One hundred two respiratory therapists. Results: There was no universally acknowledged group of weaning parameters, although four parameters were named by > 90%. There was wide variation in methods used to obtaining weaning parameters. Almost all (91%) obtained measurements with the patients breathing their current fraction of inspired oxygen, but there was great variability in the ventilator mode used to collect these parameters (T-tube, continuous positive airway pressure, pressure support), with an equally wide range of pressures added to each mode (0 to 10 cm H2O). There was great variation in the time (< 1 to > 15 min) before recording weaning parameters. Measurement of parameters was done either with bedside instruments or read from the ventilator display. The maximal inspiratory pressure had great variation in the duration of airway occlusion (< 1 to 20 s), with the most frequent time frame being 2 to 4 s. Differences were noted between therapists from the same hospital as well as between hospitals. Conclusions: There is great variation among respiratory therapists when obtaining weaning parameters. This calls for further standardization of the measurement of weaning parameters. C1 W Los Angeles VAMC, Pulm & Crit Care Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Hoo, GWS (reprint author), W Los Angeles VAMC, Pulm & Crit Care Sect, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,111Q, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUN PY 2002 VL 121 IS 6 BP 1947 EP 1955 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 563TN UT WOS:000176271800036 ER PT J AU Bernal, RM Sharma, S Gardner, BK Douglas, JT Bergelson, JM Dubinett, SM Batra, RK AF Bernal, RM Sharma, S Gardner, BK Douglas, JT Bergelson, JM Dubinett, SM Batra, RK TI Soluble coxsackievirus adenovirus receptor is a putative inhibitor of adenoviral gene transfer in the tumor milieu SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CELL LUNG-CANCER; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; APICAL SURFACE; TYPE-5 FIBER; PROTEIN; INFECTION; INTEGRIN; VECTORS; IDENTIFICATION; SPECIFICITIES AB Purpose: Several barriers that collectively restrict gene delivery by viral vectors in vivo have been described. Previously, we identified soluble chondroitin sulfate-proteoglycans/glycosaminoglycans in malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) as inhibitors of retroviral vector transduction. Soluble components of MPE also inhibited adentiviral (Ad) gene transfer, and the factors were characteristically filterable, titrable, stable at 56degreesC, and blocked the binding of Ad to target cells. Depleting immunoglobulin from MPE, partially reversed the block to Ad transduction, instigating a search for additional factors that bound Ad in MPE. Experimental design: Vector-protein interactions were identified after the resolution of MPE-components by SDS-PAGE. Viral overlays and immunoblots delineated significant interactions, and the potential relevance of those interactions was tested in transduction efficiency bioassays. Results: Immunoglobulin is the predominant factor inhibiting Ad gene transfer in MPE. Albumin also interacted with Ad, although at predicted serum concentrations, it did not effect Ad transduction efficiency in vitro. Soluble cox-sackievirus-Ad receptor (sCAR) was then identified in MPE. In a survey of 18 MPE, the mean concentration of sCAR was variable and estimated to be 3.51 +/- 5.02 ng/ml by ELISA. The impact of sCAR on transduction efficiency in this milieu was next assessed. Whereas immunodepletion of sCAR from MPE by affinity chromatography resulted in enhanced gene transfer within MPE, the inhibition of adenoviral gene transfer was not evident when the predicted concentrations of recombinant sCAR were added into the transduction medium. Conclusions: These studies indicate that, in addition to anti-Ad antibodies, other specific and nonspecific factors interact with viral vectors and may impair gene transfer in the tumor milieu. The presence of sCAR in MPE puts forward the notion that in certain contexts (e.g., within the extracellular matrix of solid tumors) the concentrations of secreted (or shed) CAR may be high enough to effectively compete with Ad gene delivery. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Alabama, Div Human Gene Therapy, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35222 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35222 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Surg, Birmingham, AL 35222 USA. Univ Alabama, Gene Therapy Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35222 USA. Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Infect Dis & Immunol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Wadsworth Pulm Immunol & Gene Med Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Batra, RK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, 111Q,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA 78654, R01 CA078654-02]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 54734]; PHS HHS [1P50 90388] NR 52 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1915 EP 1923 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 561LJ UT WOS:000176141900033 PM 12060636 ER PT J AU Nucci, M Akiti, T Barreiros, G Silveira, F Revankar, SG Wickes, BL Sutton, DA Patterson, TF AF Nucci, M Akiti, T Barreiros, G Silveira, F Revankar, SG Wickes, BL Sutton, DA Patterson, TF TI Nosocomial outbreak of Exophiala jeanselmei fungemia associated with contamination of hospital water SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT; INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS; FUNGI; DISEASE AB From December 1996 through September 1997, we diagnosed 19 cases of fungemia due to Exophiala jeanselmei. We conducted a matched case-control study in which we cultured specimens of blood products, intravenous solutions, and water from a hospital water system. Isolates from environmental cultures were compared to those recovered from patients by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Multivariate analysis showed that neutropenia, longer duration of hospitalization, and use of corticosteroids were risk factors for infection. Environmental cultures yielded E. jeanselmei from 3 of 85 sources: deionized water from the hospital pharmacy, 1 water tank, and water from a sink in a non-patient care area. Use of deionized pharmacy water to prepare antiseptic solutions was discontinued, and no additional cases of infection occurred. RAPD typing showed that isolates from case patients and isolates from the pharmacy water were highly related, whereas the patterns of isolates recovered from the 2 other sources of water were distinct. C1 Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Hosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho, Mycol Lab, BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Nucci, M (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Hosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho, Mycol Lab, Av Brigadeiro Trompovsky S-N, BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RI Nucci, Marcio/G-4515-2012; Silveira, Fernanda/K-4465-2012 OI Nucci, Marcio/0000-0003-4867-0014; NR 20 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 34 IS 11 BP 1475 EP 1480 DI 10.1086/340344 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 552LB UT WOS:000175620900008 PM 12015694 ER PT J AU Grimes, RM Otiniano, ME Rodriguez-Barradas, MC Lai, DJ AF Grimes, RM Otiniano, ME Rodriguez-Barradas, MC Lai, DJ TI Clinical experience with human immunodeficiency virus-infected older patients in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TYPE-1 INFECTION; AIDS; AGE; HIV; SURVIVAL; PROGRESSION AB New therapies for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients suggest the need to examine whether these therapies are as effective in older patients as in younger patients. Fifty-two patients aged greater than or equal to50 years were compared with 52 patients aged <50 years for changes in CD4(+) counts, viral loads, opportunistic disease, hospitalizations, drug side effects, and death. No differences were found, except for higher rates of candidiasis in younger patients. Antiretroviral therapy seems to be equally effective in older and younger patients. C1 Univ Texas, Houston Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Management & Policy Sci, Houston, TX 77225 USA. Univ Texas, Houston Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biometry, Houston, TX 77225 USA. Houston Vet Adm Med Ctr, HIV Clin, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Internal Med, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. RP Grimes, RM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Houston Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Management & Policy Sci, RAS 319,POB 20186,1200 Herman Pressler, Houston, TX 77225 USA. NR 15 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 34 IS 11 BP 1530 EP 1533 DI 10.1086/340404 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 552LB UT WOS:000175620900015 PM 12015701 ER PT J AU Pisegna, JR AF Pisegna, JR TI Pharmacology of acid suppression in the hospital setting: Focus on proton pump inhibition SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE gastric acid secretion; acid suppression; drugs; mechanism of action; severe Intravenous; nasogastric; proton pump inhibitors; histamine-2-receptor antagonists; severe gastroesophageal reflux disease; Zollinger-Ellison syndrome ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE; ZOLLINGER-ELLISON-SYNDROME; CALCIUM-SENSING RECEPTOR; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS; INTRAGASTRIC ACIDITY; I RECEPTOR; OMEPRAZOLE; SECRETION; LANSOPRAZOLE; PANTOPRAZOLE AB The more potent and longer-lasting inhibition of gastric acid secretion provided by proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as compared with histamine-2-receptor antagonists is caused In large part by differences in their mechanism of action. PPIs block histamine-2-, gastrin-, and cholinergic-mediated sources of acid production and inhibit gastric secretion at the final common pathway of the H+/K+ adenosine triphosphatase proton pump. In contrast, histamine-2-receptor antagonists cannot block receptor sites other than those mediated by histamine. It seems that the rapid loss of acid suppression activity by the histamine-2-receptor antagonists may be attributed to tolerance. Such tolerance has not occurred in patients receiving PPIs because these agents are irreversible inhibitors of the H+/K+ adenosine triphosphatase proton pump. For these reasons, patients who have acid-related disorders that require high levels of acid suppression do not respond well to intravenous histamine-2-receptor antagonists and would be excellent candidates for intravenous PPI therapy. Candidates for Intravenous PPIs also include patients who cannot receive oral PPIs and those who may need the higher acid suppression therapy provided by the Intravenous rather than the oral route. Clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of Intravenous pantoprazole In maintaining adequate control of gastric acid output during the switch from oral to Intravenous therapy In patients with severe gastroesophageal rerflux disease or the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Intragastric administration of solutions prepared from oral PPIs has been used as an alternative to the Intravenous route in critical care settings. However, decreased bioavailability may limit the value of Intragastric delivery of PPIs because of the high frequency of gastric emptying problems In critically ill patients. C1 Greater Los Angeles Vet Adm, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Pisegna, JR (reprint author), Greater Los Angeles Vet Adm Healthcare Syst, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 47 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 30 IS 6 SU S BP S356 EP S361 DI 10.1097/00003246-200206001-00003 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 566AM UT WOS:000176403600003 PM 12072661 ER PT J AU Linehan, MM Dimeff, LA Reynolds, SK Comtois, KA Welch, SS Heagerty, P Kivlahan, DR AF Linehan, MM Dimeff, LA Reynolds, SK Comtois, KA Welch, SS Heagerty, P Kivlahan, DR TI Dialectical behavior therapy versus comprehensive validation therapy plus 12-step for the treatment of opioid dependent women meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE dialectical behavior therapy; borderline personality disorder; heroin; co-morbidity; psychotherapy; women ID SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS; METHADONE-MAINTENANCE; OPIATE ADDICTS; FOLLOW-UP; SUICIDE ATTEMPTS; DRUG-ADDICTS; PSYCHOTHERAPY; COMORBIDITY; ABUSE; BUPRENORPHINE AB We conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate whether dialectical behavior therapy (DBT). a treatment that synthesizes behavioral change with radical acceptance strategies, would be more effective for heroin-dependent women with borderline personality disorder (N = 23) than Comprehensive Validation Therapy with 12-Step (CVT + 12S), a manualized approach that provided the major acceptance-based strategies used in DBT in combination with participation in 12-Step programs. In addition to psychosocial treatment, subjects also received concurrent opiate agonist therapy with adequate doses of LAAM (thrice weekly: modal dose 90/90/130 mg). Treatment lasted for 12 months. Drug use outcomes were measured via thrice-weekly urinalyses and self-report. Three major findings emerged. First. results of urinalyses indicated that both treatment conditions were effective in reducing opiate use relative to baseline. At 16 months post-randomization (4 months post-treatment). all participants had a low proportion of opiate-positive Urinalyses (27%, in DBT: 33% in CVT + 12S). With regard to between-condition differences, participants assigned to DBT maintained reductions in mean opiate use through 12 months of active treatment while those assigned to CVT+12S significantly increased opiate use during the last 4 months of treatment. Second. CVT + 12S retained all 12 participants for the entire year of treatment, compared to a 64%, retention rate in DBT. Third. at both post-treatment and at the 16-month follow-up assessment, subjects in both treatment conditions showed significant overall reductions in level of psychopathology relative to baseline. A noteworthy secondary finding was that DBT participants were significantly more accurate in their self-report of opiate use than were those assigned to CVT + 12S. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Behav Res & Therapy Clin, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Behav Technol Transfer Grp, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Ctr Excellence Substance Abuse Treatment & Educat, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Linehan, MM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Behav Res & Therapy Clin, Box 351525, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA08674] NR 62 TC 258 Z9 265 U1 5 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 67 IS 1 BP 13 EP 26 AR PII S0376-8716(02)00011-X DI 10.1016/S0376-8716(02)00011-X PG 14 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 569RX UT WOS:000176617000002 PM 12062776 ER PT J AU Kahn, SE AF Kahn, SE TI Insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction: A dual therapeutic approach - Foreword SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID TYPE-2 C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Kahn, SE (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Kahn, Steven/0000-0001-7307-9002 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-2972 J9 EUR J CLIN INVEST JI Eur. J. Clin. Invest. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 32 SU 3 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2362.32.s3.1.x PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 553MZ UT WOS:000175681200001 PM 12028369 ER PT J AU Bergman, RN Finegood, DT Kahn, SE AF Bergman, RN Finegood, DT Kahn, SE TI The evolution of beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Review DE biological models; disease progression; insulin resistance; islets of Langerhans/physiopathology; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ID HOMEOSTASIS MODEL ASSESSMENT; POLYCYSTIC-OVARY-SYNDROME; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; ISLET AMYLOID POLYPEPTIDE; MELLITUS GENETICS FUSION; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; AUTOSOMAL GENOME SCAN; C-PEPTIDE KINETICS; FREE FATTY-ACIDS; MINIMAL-MODEL AB Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction have important roles in the pathogenesis and evolution of type 2 diabetes. The development of precise methods to measure these factors has helped us to define the relationship between them and evidence is reviewed that changes in insulin sensitivity are compensated by inverse changes in beta-cell responsiveness such that the product of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion (the disposition index) remains constant. While the disposition index promises to be a useful tool to predict individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes, other factors that contribute to beta-cell dysfunction and mark disease onset and progression include impairments in proinsulin processing and insulin secretion, decreased beta-cell mass and islet amyloid deposition. Emerging data indicate that anti-diabetic agents, such as the thiazolidinediones that simultaneously target insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction, may have a beneficial impact on disease onset and progression. Several landmark clinical studies are underway to investigate if their initial promise is supported by data from large-scale trials. C1 Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Diabet Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Kinesiol, Diabet Res Lab, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bergman, RN (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Diabet Res Ctr, 1333 San Pablo St, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. NR 117 TC 166 Z9 175 U1 1 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-2972 J9 EUR J CLIN INVEST JI Eur. J. Clin. Invest. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 32 SU 3 BP 35 EP 45 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2362.32.s3.5.x PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 553MZ UT WOS:000175681200005 PM 12028373 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Everhart, JE AF El-Serag, HB Everhart, JE TI Diabetes increases the risk of acute hepatic failure SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FATTY LIVER-DISEASE; OF-VETERANS-AFFAIRS; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; UNITED-STATES; MELLITUS; TROGLITAZONE; MITOCHONDRIA; CIRRHOSIS; ETIOLOGY AB Background & Aims: It Is unclear whether patients with diabetes are at an Increased risk of developing acute liver failure (ALF). We performed a large cohort study to examine the occurrence of ALF by using the databases of the Department of Veterans Affairs. Methods: We identified all patients with a hospital discharge diagnosis of diabetes (ICD-9 codes: 250 [1-9][0-4]) from 1985 to :1990 and randomly assigned patients without diabetes for comparison (3:1 ratio). We excluded patients with concomitant liver disease as far back as 1980. After excluding the first year of follow-up, the remaining patients were observed through 2000 for the occurrence of ALF (ICD-9 570). The cumulative risk and the relative risk of ALF were determined by Kaplan-Meier and Cox Proportional Hazard survival analysis, respectively. Results: We included :173,643 patients with diabetes and 650,620 patients without diabetes. Patients with diabetes were significantly older (62 vs. 54 years) and were less likely to be white (28% vs. 24%). The cumulative risk of ALF was significantly higher among patients with diabetes (incidence rate, 2.31 per 10,000 vs. 1.44 per 10,000 person-years; P < 0.0001). In the Cox proportional hazard model, diabetes was associated with a relative risk of :1.44 (95% Cl, 1.26-1.63; P < 0.0001) for ALF while controlling for comorbidity index, age, sex, ethnicity, and period of service. This risk remained significantly Increased after excluding patients with liver disease or viral hepatitis recorded during follow-up or those with ALF recorded after the introduction of troglitazone (relative risk = 1.40; P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Diabetes Increases the risk of ALF. The Increase In ALF is Independent of recognized underlying chronic liver disease or viral hepatitis. C1 Houston Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Gastroenterol, Houston, TX USA. Houston Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NIDDKD, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr 152, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 28 TC 81 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JUN PY 2002 VL 122 IS 7 BP 1822 EP 1828 DI 10.1053/gast.2002.33650 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 563WQ UT WOS:000176280300017 PM 12055590 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB AF El-Serag, HB TI The epidemic of esophageal adenocarcinoma SO GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; GASTROESOPHAGEAL-REFLUX DISEASE; SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; GASTRIC CARDIA CANCER; BARRETTS-ESOPHAGUS; DUODENAL-ULCER; INTESTINAL METAPLASIA; RISING INCIDENCE; ACID-SECRETION; UNITED-STATES AB The incidence and mortality related to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) have been increasing in the United States, several European countries, and Oceania for the past 2 to 3 decades. Survival remains dismal, with little improvement during the same time period. Variations in the coding, classification, and detection of gastroesophageal malignancy may have contributed partially to the observed trends. Remarkable differences related to gender, ethnicity, and geography characterize the epidemiology of EAC. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the main risk factor for Barrett's esophagus, which is the only known precursor lesion for EAC. Several risk factors that promote the development of GERD and/or Barrett's esophagus have been proposed to explain these rising trends; these factors include the declining rates of Helicobactcr pylori infection, obesity, dietary factors, and certain drugs. C1 Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, 2002 Holcombe Blvd 152, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM hasheme@bcm.tme.edu NR 81 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0889-8553 J9 GASTROENTEROL CLIN N JI Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 31 IS 2 BP 421 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8553(02)00016-X PG 21 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 572VE UT WOS:000176795000005 PM 12134611 ER PT J AU Whitcomb, DC Pogue-Geile, K AF Whitcomb, DC Pogue-Geile, K TI Pancreatitis as a risk for pancreatic cancer SO GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION; CATIONIC TRYPSINOGEN GENE; RAS ONCOGENE MUTATIONS; HEREDITARY PANCREATITIS; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; DUCTAL HYPERPLASIA; EXOCRINE PANCREAS; SOMATIC MUTATIONS; MEDICAL HISTORY AB Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most recalcitrant of all cancers. As current treatment regimens for pancreatic cancer are inadequate, a major focus of research is to understand the pathways important for pancreatic cancer development, and to identify factors that can be modified to retard the development of pancreatic cancer. Smoking is the strongest risk factor amenable to modification. Other major risk factors include chronic pancreatitis and germ line genetic mutations. Epidemiologic studies of patients with chronic pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, tropical pancreatitis, and hereditary pancreatitis prove that all forms of pancreatitis increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. Recent studies also demonstrate gene-gene and gene-environmental interactions that increase the risk of pancreatic cancer in the setting of chronic pancreatitis. Finally, the article outlines new guidelines that address the problem of whether or not patients with chronic pancreatitis should be screened for pancreatic cancer. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, UPMC Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, UPMC Presbyterian, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol & Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RP Whitcomb, DC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, UPMC Presbyterian, Mezzanine Level,C Wing,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK54709] NR 101 TC 45 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8553 J9 GASTROENTEROL CLIN N JI Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 31 IS 2 BP 663 EP + AR PII S0889-8553(02)00004-3 DI 10.1016/S0889-8553(02)00004-3 PG 17 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 572VE UT WOS:000176795000017 PM 12134623 ER PT J AU Parker, MW Bellis, JM Bishop, P Harper, M Allman, RM Moore, C Thompson, P AF Parker, MW Bellis, JM Bishop, P Harper, M Allman, RM Moore, C Thompson, P TI A Multidisciplinary model of health promotion incorporating spirituality into a successful aging intervention with African American and white elderly groups SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE faith-based communities; health promotion; successful aging ID OLDER ADULTS; CHURCH; EDUCATION; PROGRAM; BLACKS AB Purpose: A community and faith-based on with elderly persons and their adult children involving religious, medical, and academic communities is described. Design and Methods: Lifestyle changes and individual and corporate forms of spirituality were affirmed using an expanded Rowe and Kahn model of successful aging. Faculty from academic, medical, state, and religious Institutions presented a variety of workshops at a multichurch-sponsored conference that hosted over 500 seniors. Results: Postconference surveys suggested extremely favorable satisfaction rates across all groups represented. The African American religious community provided critical leadership in achieving an excellent African American participation rate. Implications: The model described has the capacity to generate collaborations across denominational, racial, and class barriers, and has the potential of helping to unify the religious community around the important task of promoting successful aging. C1 Univ Alabama, Sch Social Work, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Univ Alabama, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Educ, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Ctr Aging, Birmingham, AL USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham Atlanta VA Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Montevallo, Montevallo, AL 35115 USA. Samford Univ, McWhorter Sch Pharm, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Parker, MW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Sch Social Work, Little Hall,Box 870314, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. NR 42 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD JUN PY 2002 VL 42 IS 3 BP 406 EP 415 PG 10 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 557UQ UT WOS:000175926900016 PM 12040144 ER PT J AU Rogers, SN Gwanne, S Lowe, D Stat, C Humphris, G Yueh, B Weymuller, EA AF Rogers, SN Gwanne, S Lowe, D Stat, C Humphris, G Yueh, B Weymuller, EA TI The addition of mood and anxiety domains to the University of Washington quality of life scale SO HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK LA English DT Article DE health-related quality of life; head and neck cancer; mood; anxiety; UW-QOL ID NECK-CANCER PATIENTS; OF-LIFE; PRIMARY SURGERY; ORAL-CANCER; OROPHARYNGEAL CANCER; HEAD; DEPRESSION; INSTRUMENT; PERFORMANCE; ILL AB \Background. There are numerous head and neck specific quality of life questionnaires, each having its own merits and disadvantages. The University of Washington questionnaire has been widely used and is notable by the inclusion of a shoulder dysfunction domain, domain importance ratings, and patient free text. It is short, simple to process, and provides clinically relevant information. However, it has lacked any psychological dimension of quality of life. The aim of this study was to report the inclusion of two psychological domains (mood, anxiety) to the most recent refinement of the questionnaire (version 3). Method. A cross-sectional survey was performed in April 2000. Questionnaires were sent to 183 patients alive and disease free after surgery for oral and oro-pharyngeal malignancy. Replies were received from 145 patients (79% response rate). Results. The new domains (mood and anxiety) correlated significantly with the emotional functioning domains from the EORTC C30 and with the pain and appearance domains of UW-QOL. There were also significant correlations between the "global quality of life" item and the two new domains. Mood (p = .005) and anxiety (p < .001) scores were associated with patient age but with no other clinicodemographic variable. Conclusion. The addition of mood and anxiety domains makes the UW-QOL version 4 a single broad measure suitable for effective health-related quality of life evaluation in the routine clinical setting. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Hosp Aintree, Reg Maxillofacial Unit, Liverpool L9 1AL, Merseyside, England. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ Manchester, Dept Clin Psychol, Sch Psychiat & Behav Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Rogers, SN (reprint author), Univ Hosp Aintree, Reg Maxillofacial Unit, Liverpool L9 1AL, Merseyside, England. OI Yueh, Bevan/0000-0003-1380-1053; Rogers, Simon n/0000-0002-5989-6142 NR 27 TC 161 Z9 165 U1 1 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1043-3074 J9 HEAD NECK-J SCI SPEC JI Head Neck-J. Sci. Spec. Head Neck PD JUN PY 2002 VL 24 IS 6 BP 521 EP 529 DI 10.1002/hed.10106 PG 9 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 561CE UT WOS:000176118400002 PM 12112548 ER PT J AU Rabeneck, L AF Rabeneck, L TI Response to letter to the editor: 'Costs of managing Helicobacter pylori-infected ulcer patients after initial therapy' SO HELICOBACTER LA English DT Letter C1 Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Rabeneck, L (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1083-4389 J9 HELICOBACTER JI Helicobacter PD JUN PY 2002 VL 7 IS 3 BP 216 EP 217 DI 10.1046/j.1523-5378.2002.00084_2.x PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology GA 557KD UT WOS:000175907000012 ER PT J AU Krieger, JN Riley, DE AF Krieger, JN Riley, DE TI Prostatitis: what is the role of infection SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Congress of Chemotherapy CY JUN 30-JUL 03, 2001 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS DE chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome; inflammation; bacteria; mycoplasmas; ribosomal DNA; polymerase chain reaction ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CHRONIC ABACTERIAL PROSTATITIS; CHRONIC IDIOPATHIC PROSTATITIS; DNA-SEQUENCES; UREAPLASMA-UREALYTICUM; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; MEN; CLASSIFICATION; DIAGNOSIS; TISSUE AB Although bacterial prostatitis is a common diagnosis, well documented infections of the prostate are uncommon. Culture studies of prostate tissue led our group to hypothesize that bacterial colonization/invasion of the prostate gland might occur more commonly than is appreciated by standard microbiological techniques. Specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used for each of the pathogens previously implicated in chronic prostatitis as well as broad-spectrum PCR assays to identify tetracycline resistance genes and bacterial ribosomal-encoding genes (16S rDNAs), followed by cloning and sequencing of the PCR products. Only ten (8%) of the 135 patients with chronic prostatitis had positive specific PCR assays including: Mycoplasma genitalium in four men, Chlamydia trachomatis in three and Trichomonas vaginalis in two, as well as one man positive for both M. genitalium and C. trachomatis. In contrast to the specific probes, the broad-spectrum PCR assays had a substantial proportion of positives. We found evidence of tetracycline resistance in 25% of patients. 16S rDNA-encoding sequences in 77% of the subjects. The tetracycline resistance positives were a subset of the 16S rDNA positive patients. Patients with 16S rDNA-encoding sequences were significantly more likely to have expressed prostatic secretion leukocytes. Many patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome have a wide variety of bacterial DNA-encoding sequences despite extensive negative microbiological investigations. Understanding the precise role of infection in this syndrome may well lead to better methods to elucidate the microbiology of the prostate in health and disease. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. and International Society of Chemotherapy All rights reserved. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Urol, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. RP Krieger, JN (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Urol, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 112-UR,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. NR 35 TC 28 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-8579 J9 INT J ANTIMICROB AG JI Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents PD JUN PY 2002 VL 19 IS 6 SI SI BP 475 EP 479 AR PII S0924-8579(02)00086-9 DI 10.1016/S0924-8579(02)00086-9 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 587CA UT WOS:000177621900009 PM 12135836 ER PT J AU DiGiovanni, CW Kuo, R Tejwani, N Price, R Hansen, ST Cziernecki, J Sangeorzan, BJ AF DiGiovanni, CW Kuo, R Tejwani, N Price, R Hansen, ST Cziernecki, J Sangeorzan, BJ TI Isolated gastrocnemius tightness SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID LIMITED JOINT MOBILITY; DIABETIC-PATIENTS; EQUINUS DEFORMITY; ACHILLES-TENDON; FOOT ULCERATION; CEREBRAL-PALSY; ANKLE EQUINUS; TIBIAL NERVE; CHILDREN; NEUROPATHY AB Background: Contracture of the gastrocnemius-soleus complex has well-documented deleterious effects on lower-limb function in spastic or neurologically impaired individuals. There is scarce literature, however, on the existence of isolated gastrocnemius contracture or its impact in otherwise normal patients. We hypothesized that an inability to dorsiflex the ankle due to equinus contracture leads to increased pain in the forefoot and/or midfoot and therefore a population with such pain will have less maximum ankle dorsiflexion than controls. We further postulated that the difference would be present whether the knee was extended or flexed. Methods: This investigation was a prospective comparison of maximal ankle dorsiflexion, as a proxy for gastrocnemius tension, in response to a load applied to the undersurface of the foot in two healthy age, weight, and sex-matched groups. The patient group comprised thirty-four consecutive patients with a diagnosis of metatarsalgia or related midfoot and/or forefoot symptoms. The control group consisted of thirty-four individuals without foot or ankle symptoms. The participants were clinically examined for gastrocnemius and soleus contracture and were subsequently assessed for tightness with use of a specially designed electrogoniometer. Measurements were made both with the knee extended (the gastrocnemius under tension) and with the knee flexed (the gastrocnemius relaxed). Results: With the knee fully extended, the average maximal ankle dorsiflexion was 4.5degrees the patient group and 13.1degrees in the control group (p < 0.001). With the knee flexed 90, the average was 17.9degrees in the patient group and 22.3degrees in the control population (p = 0.09). When gastrocnemius contracture was defined as dorsiflexion of less than or equal to5degrees during knee extension, it was identified in 65% of the patients compared with 24% of the control population. However, when gastrocnemius contracture was defined as dorsiflexion of 510, it was present in 88% and 44%, respectively. When gastrocnemius-soleus contracture was defined as dorsiflexion of less than or equal to10degrees with the knee in 90degrees of flexion, it was identified in 29% of the patient group and 15% of the control group. Conclusions: On the average, patients with forefoot and/or midfoot symptoms had less maximum ankle dorsiflexion with the knee extended than did a control population without foot or ankle symptoms. When the knee was flexed 90 to relax the gastrocnemius, this difference was no longer present. Clinical Relevance: These findings support the existence of isolated gastrocnemius contracture in the development of forefoot and/or midfoot pathology in otherwise healthy people. These data may have implications for preventative and therapeutic care of patients with chronic foot problems. C1 Brown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Univ Orthopaed Inc, Providence, RI 02904 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Edgewater, NJ 07020 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, RR&D Ctr, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Seattle Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP DiGiovanni, CW (reprint author), Brown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Univ Orthopaed Inc, 1287 N Main St, Providence, RI 02904 USA. NR 53 TC 154 Z9 159 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 84A IS 6 BP 962 EP 970 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 561ZZ UT WOS:000176174100010 PM 12063330 ER PT J AU Teerlink, JR AF Teerlink, JR TI Recent heart failure trials of neurohormonal modulation (OVERTURE and ENABLE): Approaching the asymptote of efficacy? SO JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED TRIAL; CLINICAL-TRIALS; UPDATE; MERIT C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Teerlink, JR (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RI Teerlink, John/D-2986-2012 NR 6 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE INC MEDICAL PUBLISHERS PI PHILADELPHIA PA CURTIS CENTER, INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1071-9164 J9 J CARD FAIL JI J. Card. Fail. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 8 IS 3 BP 124 EP 127 DI 10.1054/jcaf.2002.126486 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 579NH UT WOS:000177184400003 PM 12140803 ER PT J AU Demeter, LM Bosch, RJ Coombs, RW Fiscus, S Bremer, J Johnson, VA Erice, A Jackson, JB Spector, SA Squires, KM Fischl, MA Hughes, MD Hammer, SM AF Demeter, LM Bosch, RJ Coombs, RW Fiscus, S Bremer, J Johnson, VA Erice, A Jackson, JB Spector, SA Squires, KM Fischl, MA Hughes, MD Hammer, SM TI Detection of replication-competent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in cultures from patients with levels of HIV-1 RNA in plasma suppressed to less than 500 or 50 copies per milliliter SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMBINATION ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CLINICAL-TRIALS GROUP; PLUS INDINAVIR; INFECTION; ZIDOVUDINE; LAMIVUDINE; BLOOD; LYMPHOCYTES; MULTICENTER; RESERVOIR AB We determined the frequency with which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures convert from positive to negative in subjects enrolled in a substudy of AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) 320, which compared the efficacy of treatment with a combination of indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine (indinavir arm) to that of a combination of zidovudine and lamivudine (dual-nucleoside arm). All subjects included for study had positive baseline HIV cultures. Cultures were performed in real time with 107 fresh patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells, using the ACTG consensus method. We found lower rates of positive HIV cultures in the indinavir treatment arm than in the dual-nucleoside treatment arm (64 versus 96% at week 24, P < 0.001). Within the indinavir arm of the study, we found that positive cultures were less likely to occur in samples with a plasma HIV type 1 (HIV-1) RNA level of <500 copies/ml than in those with a level of greater than or equal to500 copies/ml (44 versus 90%, P < 0.001). In addition, HIV cultures from samples with HIV-1 RNA levels of greater than or equal to500 copies/ml turned positive 8.5 days earlier, on average, than those from samples with levels of <500 copies/ml (P < 0.001). However, 38% of samples with plasma RNA levels of <50 copies/ml still were positive for HIV by culture. Thus, the rates of HIV isolation by standard culture procedures decrease as the plasma viral load decreases below 1,000 copies/ml; however, HIV isolates were still obtained from a substantial proportion of subjects with RNA levels of <50 copies/ml. The delay in the time required for HIV cultures to turn positive should be considered when attempting to obtain an HIV isolate from patients with suppression of plasma viral load. C1 Univ Rochester, Infect Dis Unit, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Rush Med Coll, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL USA. RP Demeter, LM (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Infect Dis Unit, Sch Med & Dent, 601 Elmwood Ave,Box 689, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000044, RR-00044]; NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI038855, U01 AI038858, U01 AI027664, AI-40876, AI-38855, AI-27664, AI-38858, U01 AI027658, AI-27658, P01 AI030731, AI-30731] NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 40 IS 6 BP 2089 EP 2094 DI 10.1128/JCM.40.6.2089-2094.2002 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 561TR UT WOS:000176159200032 PM 12037070 ER PT J AU Marder, SR AF Marder, SR TI Schizophrenia revealed: From neurons to social interactions SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Book Review C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD JUN PY 2002 VL 63 IS 6 BP 542 EP 542 PG 1 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 566GZ UT WOS:000176419700025 ER PT J AU Moonga, BS Adebanjo, OA Wang, HJ Li, S Wu, XB Troen, B Inzerillo, A Abe, E Minkin, C Huang, CLH Zaidi, M AF Moonga, BS Adebanjo, OA Wang, HJ Li, S Wu, XB Troen, B Inzerillo, A Abe, E Minkin, C Huang, CLH Zaidi, M TI Differential effects of interleukin-6 receptor activation on intracellular signaling and bone resorption by isolated rat osteoclasts SO JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR; INOSITOL TRISPHOSPHATE; OSTEOBLASTIC CELLS; EMERGING INSIGHTS; MECHANISMS; INVITRO; IL-6; TRANSDUCTION; STIMULATION; EXPRESSION AB The effects of the related cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and oncostatin-M on bone resorption and cytosolic Ca2+ signaling were compared in isolated rat osteoclasts. In the traditional disaggregated osteoclast (pit) assay, IL-6 and LIF, but not oncostatin-M, conserved the bone resorption otherwise inhibited by high extracellular [Ca2+] (15 mM). It produced a paradoxical, concentration-dependent stimulation of resorption by elevated extracellular Ca2+. In the micro isolated single osteoclast resorption assay, IL-6, high [Ca2+] or IL-6 plus high [Ca2+] all increased pit formation. In contrast, the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R)-specific agonist antibody MT-18 inhibited bone resorption in a concentration-dependent manner (1:500 to 1:500 000). MT-18 triggered cytosolic Ca2+ signals in fura 2-loaded osteoclasts within similar to 10 min of application. Each cytosolic Ca2+ transient began with a peak deflection that persisted in Ca2+-free, EGTA-containing extracellular medium, consistent with a release of intracellularly stored Ca2+. This was followed by a sustained elevation of cytosolic [Ca2+] that was abolished in Ca2+-free medium, as expected from an entry of extracellular Ca2+, and by the Ca2+ channel antagonist Ni2+. The inclusion of either IL-6 or soluble human (sh) IL-6R specifically reversed both the above effects of MT-18, confirming that both effects were specific for the IL-6R. The findings suggest that IL-6R activation by IL-6 stimulates osteoclastic bone resorption either by reversing the inhibitory effect of high extracellular Ca2+ in stromal-containing systems or itself stimulating bone resorption along with Ca2+ by micro-isolated osteoclasts. In contrast, activation of the IL-6R by an agonist antibody produces an inhibition of bone resorption and an associated triggering of the cytosolic Ca2+ signals previously associated with regulation of bone resorptive function in other situations. C1 Univ Cambridge, Physiol Lab, Cambridge CB2 3EG, England. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Mt Sinai Bone Program, New York, NY 10029 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Bone Dis, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, New York, NY 10029 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Dent, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Huang, CLH (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Physiol Lab, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EG, England. RI Huang, Christopher/A-6248-2008 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG 14917-02]; NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE 09965] NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC ENDOCRINOLOGY PI BRISTOL PA 17/18 THE COURTYARD, WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4NQ, ENGLAND SN 0022-0795 J9 J ENDOCRINOL JI J. Endocrinol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 173 IS 3 AR UNSP 0022-0795/02/0173-395 DI 10.1677/joe.0.1730395 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 568LB UT WOS:000176542300002 PM 12065229 ER PT J AU Maxwell, RA Sweet, RA Mulsant, BH Rosen, J Kirshner, MA Kastango, KB Pollock, BG AF Maxwell, RA Sweet, RA Mulsant, BH Rosen, J Kirshner, MA Kastango, KB Pollock, BG TI Risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone concentrations are not dependent on age or creatinine clearance among elderly subjects SO JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS; DOUBLE-BLIND; DEMENTIA; PHARMACOKINETICS; PLACEBO; DISEASE; TRIAL; ANTIPSYCHOTICS; PSYCHOSIS AB Risperidone is extensively metabolized to an active metabolite, 9-hydroxyrisperidone (9-OH), which is dependent on renal clearance. Risperidone and 9-OH clearances are reduced in the elderly when compared to young subjects. The objective of this study was to determine whether among elderly subjects, risperidone and 9-OH clearance would further decline with increasing age and decreasing creatinine clearance (CrCl). Twenty geriatric inpatients were evaluated in a naturalistic setting with regard to total daily risperidone dose and dosing interval. Creatinine clearance was determined using an 8-hour urine collection. Risperidone and 9-OH concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. Spearman's correlation coefficients were used to examine the impact of age and CrCl on concentrations of risperidone, 9-OH, their sum, and the quotient of 9-OH/risperidone. Mean age was 76.4 +/- 9 years (range 56-91). Mean CrCl was 55.4 +/- 32.8 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (range 17-142 mL/min/1.73 m(2)). Mean risperidone daily dose was 1.3 +/- 0.7 mg. Steady-state risperidone and 9-OH concentrations were 4.1 +/- 5.3 ng/mL and 9.1 +/- 6.2 ng/mL, respectively. Mean 9-OH/risperidone was 6.2 +/- 6.1. Concentrations of risperidone, 9-OH, their sum, and 9-OH/risperidone were not significantly correlated with age or CrCl. These results were unchanged when concentrations were corrected for total daily risperidone dose. Among elderly subjects, risperidone and 9-OH clearance do not decline with increasing age or declining CrCl. C1 Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Pharm, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat,Div Geriatr & Neuropsychiat, Geriatr Psychopharmacol Program, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Sweet, RA (reprint author), Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Pharm, 3811 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH01509, MH01153, MH52247, MH59666, MH01613] NR 22 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 20 HUGHSON ST SOUTH, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0891-9887 J9 J GERIATR PSYCH NEUR JI J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. PD SUM PY 2002 VL 15 IS 2 BP 77 EP 81 DI 10.1177/089198870201500205 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 560AA UT WOS:000176057900004 PM 12083597 ER PT J AU Tuck, ML AF Tuck, ML TI Does aldosterone modulate central control of blood pressure? SO JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Editorial Material ID MINERALOCORTICOID HYPERTENSION; RECEPTORS; INFUSION; TERTIARY; BRAIN C1 Vet Adm Med Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Dept Med, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Tuck, ML (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Dept Med, 111 E 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. EM mtuck@ucla.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0263-6352 J9 J HYPERTENS JI J. Hypertens. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 20 IS 6 BP 1079 EP 1080 DI 10.1097/00004872-200206000-00015 PG 2 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 559LL UT WOS:000176027600015 PM 12023673 ER PT J AU Stojiljkovic, MP Lopes, HF Zhang, D Morrow, JD Goodfriend, TL Egan, BM AF Stojiljkovic, MP Lopes, HF Zhang, D Morrow, JD Goodfriend, TL Egan, BM TI Increasing plasma fatty acids elevates F2-isoprostanes in humans: implications for the cardiovascular risk factor cluster SO JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE insulin resistance; fatty acids; F2-isoprostanes; oxidative stress; blood pressure ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ANGIOTENSIN-II; HYPERTENSION; GLUCOSE; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION; MECHANISM; INSULIN AB Objective To determine whether raised concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) may contribute to the cardiovascular risk factor cluster by increasing oxidative stress in vivo. Design and Methods Plasma and urine F2-isoprostanes, biomarkers of oxidative stress, were measured after an overnight fast and during a 4 h infusion of Intralipid and heparin to increase NEFAs in 10 obese hypertensive patients with and 12 healthy normotensive individuals without evidence of insulin resistance. A time-control group of nine healthy normotensive individuals received saline and heparin. Results Plasma F2-isoprostanes increased more in obese hypertensive individuals than in lean normotensive individuals after 2 h (14.9 +/- 2.8 ng/ml compared with 4.6 +/- 2.8 ng/ml; P < 0.05) but not after 4 h (10.3 +/- 2.5 ng/ml compared with 8.1 +/- 4.1 ng/ml; NS) of the Intralipid and heparin infusion, When obese and lean individuals were combined, plasma (+9.1 +/- 2.5 ng/ml; P < 0.05) and urine (+0.7 +/- 0.3 ng/mg creatinine; P < 0.05) F2-isoprostanes increased by about 20% after 4 h of Intralipid and heparin, whereas plasma F2-isoprostanes decreased by approximately 20% (-9.7 +/- 4.5 ng/ml; P < 0.05) after 4 h of saline and heparin. When individuals from both infusions were combined, the correlation between changes in plasma NEFAs and F2-isoprostanes after 4 h persisted after controlling for changes in triglyceride concentrations (partial r = 0.49; P < 0.01), whereas the correlation between changes in triglycerides and F2-isoprostanes did not persist after controlling for changes in NEFA concentrations (partial r = 0.33, NS). Conclusions The findings indicate that an acute increase in plasma lipids increases the concentration of F2-isoprostanes, biomarkers of oxidative stress, especially in obese hypertensive individuals. The observations raise the possibility that increased concentrations of NEFAs contribute to the cardiovascular risk factor cluster through oxidative-stress-sensitive mechanisms. (C) 2002 Lippincott Williams Wilkins. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Clin Pharmacol, Dept Pharmacol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Egan, BM (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Clin Pharmacol, Dept Pharmacol, 96 Jonathan Lucas St,Suite 826,POB 250623, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA77839]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01070]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL55782, HL58794, HL04290]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK26657, DK48831]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM42056] NR 31 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0263-6352 J9 J HYPERTENS JI J. Hypertens. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 20 IS 6 BP 1215 EP 1221 DI 10.1097/00004872-200206000-00036 PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 559LL UT WOS:000176027600036 PM 12023694 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, RD AF Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, RD TI Reduced glutathione redox state in schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 81 SU 1 BP 22 EP 22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 573KU UT WOS:000176829500075 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Cheng, P AF Yao, JK Cheng, P TI A simple and sensitive HPLC-method for simultaneous monitoring of oxidative stress indices and monoamine metabolites SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 81 SU 1 BP 30 EP 30 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 573KU UT WOS:000176829500097 ER PT J AU Chen, DX Cao, GD Hastings, T Feng, YQ Pei, W O'Horo, C Chen, J AF Chen, DX Cao, GD Hastings, T Feng, YQ Pei, W O'Horo, C Chen, J TI Age-dependent decline of DNA repair activity for oxidative lesions in rat brain mitochondria SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 8-hydroxyl-2 '-deoxyguanosine; aging; DNA damage; mitochondrial dysfunction; oxidative stress ID FOCAL CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; LYASE ACTIVITY; ABASIC SITES; OGG1 GENE; DAMAGE; CELLS; NUCLEAR; MICE AB Endogenous oxidative damage to brain mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial dysfunction are contributing factors in aging and in the pathogenesis of a number of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we characterized the regulation of base-excision-repair (BER) activity, the predominant repair mechanism for oxidative DNA lesions, in brain mitochondria as the function of age. Mitochondrial protein extracts were prepared from rat cerebral cortices at the ages of embryonic day 17 (E17) or postnatal 1-, 2-, and 3-weeks, or 5- and 30-months. The total BER activity and the activity of essential BER enzymes were examined in mitochondria using in vitro DNA repair assay employing specific repair substrates. Mitochondrial BER activity showed marked age-dependent declines in the brain. The levels of overall BER activity were highest at E17, gradually decreased thereafter, and reached to the lowest at the age of 30-month (similar to80% reduction). The decline of overall BER activity with age was attributed to the decreased expression of repair enzymes such as 8-OHdG glycosylase and DNA polymerase-gamma and, consequently, the reduced activity at the steps of lesion-base incision, DNA repair synthesis and DNA ligation in the BER pathway. These results strongly suggest that the decline in BER activity may be an important mechanism contributing to the age-dependent accumulation of oxidative DNA lesions in brain mitochondria. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh Inst Neurodegenerat Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, S-507,Biomed Sci Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS35965, NS36736, NS38560] NR 53 TC 102 Z9 103 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1273 EP 1284 DI 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00916.x PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 559ZN UT WOS:000176056700013 PM 12068075 ER PT J AU Sultzer, DL Chen, ST Brown, CV Mahler, ME Cummings, JL Hinkin, CH Mandelkern, MA AF Sultzer, DL Chen, ST Brown, CV Mahler, ME Cummings, JL Hinkin, CH Mandelkern, MA TI Subcortical hyperintensities in Alzheimer's disease: Associated clinical and metabolic findings SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; WHITE-MATTER LESIONS; ELDERLY SUBJECTS; RATING-SCALE; FRONTAL-LOBE; DEMENTIA; DEPRESSION; MRI; ABNORMALITIES; DIASCHISIS AB The authors measured subcortical hyperintensities (SH) on magnetic resonance images (MRI) in 18 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease and examined the relationships of SH severity with cortical metabolic function and clinical symptoms. Severity of SH was not correlated with absolute metabolic rates in cortical lobes. However, anterior SH severity was inversely correlated with frontal/parietal metabolic ratios after covarying for cognitive impairment. SH severity in some areas was associated with the severity of global neuropsychiatric symptoms, but marked effects on individual symptoms were not apparent. The small sample size and multiple variables limit conclusions that can be drawn. These preliminary findings indicate that subcortical MRI hyperintensities may play a role in the pathophysiology and clinical expression of Alzheimer's disease. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Nucl Med Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Sultzer, DL (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Healthcare Ctr, 3South,116AF,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH56031, MH00910] NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD SUM PY 2002 VL 14 IS 3 BP 262 EP 269 DI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.14.3.262 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 579NP UT WOS:000177185000003 PM 12154149 ER PT J AU Filley, CM Arciniegas, DB Wood, GV Anderson, CA Cheney, E Dygert, CR Summerall, L Goos, RB AF Filley, CM Arciniegas, DB Wood, GV Anderson, CA Cheney, E Dygert, CR Summerall, L Goos, RB TI Geriatric Treatment Center: A contemporary model for collaboration between psychiatry and neurology SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CARE; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; DEMENTIA; BEHAVIOR; DISEASE; UNIT AB The diagnosis and treatment of individuals with problems involving both psychiatry and neurology have become more sophisticated in recent years, but these, advances may be difficult to implement in the modern health care environment. For 16 years, an inpatient Geriatric Treatment Center within a state mental hospital has been used to diagnose and treat older persons with complex neuropsychiatric disorders. Eight illustrative cases are presented of patients with major behavioral dysfunction that could not be managed effectively in other health care facilities. After neuropsychiatric evaluation and behavioral neurology consultation, all had neurologic diagnoses established as the cause of their presentation. Seven improved with appropriate treatment, of whom one could return to independent living, and the eighth died and had are autopsy diagnosis of his disease at a nearby arademic medical center. This series-highlights the value of collaboration between psychiatry and neurology for evaluation and treatment of older patients with neuropsychiatric problems not easily accommodated by many existing health care settings. C1 Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Behav Neurol Sect,Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Colorado Mental Hlth Inst Pueblo, Denver, CO USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Filley, CM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Behav Neurol Sect,Dept Neurol, B-183,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RI Arciniegas, David/A-3792-2009 NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD SUM PY 2002 VL 14 IS 3 BP 344 EP 350 DI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.14.3.344 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 579NP UT WOS:000177185000015 PM 12154161 ER PT J AU Hodge, MB Asch, SM Olson, VA Kravitz, RL Sauve, MJ AF Hodge, MB Asch, SM Olson, VA Kravitz, RL Sauve, MJ TI Developing indicators of nursing quality to evaluate nurse staffing ratios SO JOURNAL OF NURSING ADMINISTRATION LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Ctr Nursing Res, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Hlth Serv Res Primary Care, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Hodge, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Ctr Nursing Res, 2315 Stockton Blvd,Rm 4205, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. OI Kravitz, Richard/0000-0001-5575-529X NR 11 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-0443 J9 J NURS ADMIN JI J. Nurs. Adm. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 32 IS 6 BP 338 EP 345 DI 10.1097/00005110-200206000-00010 PG 8 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 578VU UT WOS:000177142400009 PM 12055490 ER PT J AU Takayanagi, S Dirks, DD Moshfegh, A AF Takayanagi, S Dirks, DD Moshfegh, A TI Lexical and talker effects on word recognition among native and non-native listeners with normal and impaired hearing SO JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 140th Annual Meeting of the Acoustical-Society-of-America CY DEC 03-08, 2000 CL NEWPORT BEACH, CA SP Acoust Soc Amer DE spoken-word recognition; talker and lexical effects; hearing impairment; non-native listeners; structural equation modeling ID SPEECH-PERCEPTION; SPOKEN WORDS; VARIABILITY; ENGLISH; MODEL AB Evidence suggests that word recognition depends on numerous talker-, listener-, and stimulus-related characteristics. The current study examined the effects of talker variability and lexical difficulty on spoken-word recognition among four groups of listeners: native listeners with normal hearing or hearing impairment (moderate sensorineural hearing loss) and non-native listeners with normal hearing or hearing impairment. The ability of listeners to accommodate trial-to-trial variations in talkers' voice was assessed by comparing recognition scores for a single-talker condition to those obtained in a multiple-talker condition. Lexical difficulty was assessed by comparing word-recognition performance between lexically "easy" and "hard" words as determined by frequency of occurrence in language and the structural characteristics of similarity neighborhoods formalized in the Neighborhood Activation Model. An up-down adaptive procedure was used to determine the sound pressure level for 50% performance. Non-native listeners in both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired groups required greater intensity for equal intelligibility than the native normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Results, however, showed significant effects of talker variability and lexical difficulty for the four groups. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that an audibility factor accounts for 2-3 times more variance in performance than does a linguistic-familiarity factor. However, the linguistic-familiarity factor is also essential to the model fit. The results demonstrated effects of talker variability and lexical difficulty on word recognition for both native and non-native listeners with normal or impaired hearing. The results indicate that linguistic and indexical factors should be considered in the development of speech-recognition tests. C1 Natl Ctr Rehabil Auditory Res Vet Adm Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Takayanagi, S (reprint author), House Ear Res Inst, Dept Commun Neurosci, 2100 W 3rd St, Los Angeles, CA 90057 USA. EM stakayanagi@mailhouse.hei.org NR 27 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA SN 1092-4388 J9 J SPEECH LANG HEAR R JI J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 45 IS 3 BP 585 EP 597 DI 10.1044/1092-4388(2002/047) PG 13 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA 561MH UT WOS:000176144200016 PM 12069010 ER PT J AU Mehta, KM Yaffe, K Covinsky, KE AF Mehta, KM Yaffe, K Covinsky, KE TI Cognitive impairment, depressive symptoms, and functional decline in older people SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE physical functioning; functional decline; activities of daily living; cognitive impairment; depressive symptoms ID PHYSICAL-DISABILITY; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH; ADULTS; PREDICTION; DEPENDENCE; MACARTHUR; OUTCOMES; PROXY; WOMEN AB OBJECTIVES: Although cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms are associated with functional decline, it is not understood how these risk factors act together to affect the risk of functional decline. The purpose of this study is to determine the relative contributions of cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms on decline in activity of daily living (ADL) function over 2 years in an older cohort. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: A U.S. national prospective cohort study of older people, Asset and Health Dynamics in the Oldest Old. PARTICIPANTS: Five thousand six hundred ninety-seven participants (mean age 77, 64% women, 86% white) followed from 1993 to 1995 MEASUREMENTS: Cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms were defined as the poorest scores: 1.5 standard deviations below the mean on a cognitive scale or 1.5 standard deviations above the mean on validated depression scales. Risk of functional decline in participants with depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, and both, compared with neither risk factor, were calculated and stratified by baseline dependence. Analyses were adjusted for demographics and comorbidity. RESULTS: Eight percent (n = 450) of subjects declined in ADL function. In participants who were independent in all ADLs at baseline, the relative risk (RR) of 2-year functional decline was 2.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.7-3.1) for participants with cognitive impairment, 1.9 (95% Cl = 1.3-2.6) for participants with depressive symptoms, and 2.4 (95% Cl = 1.4-3.7) for participants with cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms. In participants who were dependent in one or more ADLs at baseline, RR of 2-year functional decline was 1.9 (95% CI = 1.2-2.8) for participants with cognitive impairment, 0.6 (95% CI = 0.3-1.3) for participants with depressive symptoms, and 1.5 (95% Cl = 0.8-2.6) for participants with cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: In participants with no ADL dependence at baseline, cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms are risk factors for decline, but that, in participants with dependence in ADL at baseline, cognitive impairment, but not depressive symptoms, is a risk factor for additional decline. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Internal Med, Div Geriatr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Mehta, KM (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Internal Med, Div Geriatr, 4150 Clement St,Box 181G, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [K02 HS 00006-01, K02 HS000006]; NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG019827, K23 AG 00888, K23 AG000888, P30 AG015272, P30 AG015272-07S1, R01 AG 19827-01, T32 AG 00212-08, T32 AG000212] NR 29 TC 101 Z9 108 U1 2 U2 15 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1045 EP 1050 DI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50259.x PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 565EA UT WOS:000176354900009 PM 12110064 ER PT J AU Royall, DR Espino, DV AF Royall, DR Espino, DV TI Not all clock-drawing tasks are the same SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie L Murphy Div,GRECC,Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie L Murphy Div,GRECC,Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie L Murphy Div,GRECC,Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie L Murphy Div,GRECC,Dept Family Practice, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Royall, DR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie L Murphy Div,GRECC,Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1166 EP 1167 DI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50282.x PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 565EA UT WOS:000176354900032 PM 12110087 ER PT J AU Ferrell, B Casarett, D Epplin, J Fine, P Gloth, FM Herr, K Katz, P Keefe, F Koo, PJS O'Grady, M Szwabo, P Vallerand, AH Weiner, D AF Ferrell, B Casarett, D Epplin, J Fine, P Gloth, FM Herr, K Katz, P Keefe, F Koo, PJS O'Grady, M Szwabo, P Vallerand, AH Weiner, D CA AGS Panel Persistent Pain Older TI The management of persistent pain in older persons SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; OSTEOARTHRITIC KNEE PAIN; CONTROLLED-RELEASE OXYCODONE; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; MIDDLE-AGED MEN; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; NURSING-HOME C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Equity Res & Promot, Philadelphia, PA USA. Litchfield Family Practice Ctr, Litchfield, IL USA. Univ Utah, Pain Management Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Victory Springs Senior Hlth Associates, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Rochester, NY USA. Duke Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. St Louis Univ, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pain Evaluat & Treatment Inst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Ferrell, B (reprint author), Amer Geriatr Soc, Profess Educ & Special Projects, 350 5th Ave,Suite 801, New York, NY 10118 USA. RI Vallerand, April/I-8150-2012 NR 128 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 50 SU 6 BP S205 EP S224 PG 20 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 563TP UT WOS:000176271900001 ER PT J AU Reisdorff, J En-nia, A Stefanidis, I Floege, J Lovett, DH Mertens, PR AF Reisdorff, J En-nia, A Stefanidis, I Floege, J Lovett, DH Mertens, PR TI Transcription factor Ets-1 regulates gelatinase A gene expression in mesangial cells SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-2; IV COLLAGENASE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; DNA-BINDING; PROLIFERATION; PROMOTER; FAMILY; RAT; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; COMPLEX AB Ets transcription factors are involved in cell growth and angiogenesis. Ets-1 targets include members of the matrix metalloproteinase superfamily. In inflammatory glomerular diseases, the patterns and regulation of Ets expression have not been fully characterized. In the present study. nuclear binding activities to the consensus Ets-1/PEA3 motif were detected in mesangial cells (MC), and the Ets-1 protein was positively identified by Western blotting. reverse transcription PCR (RTPCR), and DNA-binding studies. The 5' flanking regions of the human and rat gelatinase A genes contain clusters of potential Ets-1 binding motifs, one of which is evolutionarily conserved. Using a series of 5' deletion reporter constructs of the rat gelatinase A gene and an Ets-1 expression plasmid. a concentration-dependent threefold trans-activation of gene expression mapped to the conserved Ets-1 binding motif at -1004/-1053 bps, designated responsive element-2 (RE-2). The RE-2 was operative within the context of the homologous gelatinase A promoter but not with a heterologous simian virus 40 promoter. Specific Ets-1 binding to this sequence was demonstrated by DNA-binding studies. Transient expression of an Ets-1 expression plasmid increased gelatinase A protein expression. Our findings identify an additional matrix metalloproteinase family member. gelatinase A. as an Ets-1 responsive gene in MC that may play a role in the high level expression of this enzyme in inflammatory glomerular diseases. C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Nephrol & Immunol, D-52057 Aachen, Germany. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco VAMC, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Mertens, PR (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Nephrol & Immunol, Pauwelsstr 30, D-52057 Aachen, Germany. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK39776] NR 38 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 13 IS 6 AR UNSP 1046-6673/1306-1568 DI 10.1097/01.ASN.0000015617.39974.FB PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 557PW UT WOS:000175917800017 PM 12039986 ER PT J AU O'Toole, TP Gibbon, JL Seltzer, D Hanusa, BH Fine, MJ AF O'Toole, TP Gibbon, JL Seltzer, D Hanusa, BH Fine, MJ TI Urban homelessness and poverty during economic prosperity and welfare reform: Changes in self-reported comorbidities, insurance, and sources for usual care, 1995-1997 SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE health access; homeless; Medicaid managed care; welfare reform ID HOUSED POOR; MEDICAL-CARE; LOS-ANGELES; ADULTS; SERVICES AB Little is known of how homeless and other urban poor populations have fared during the robust economy and within structural changes in health care delivery and entitlement programs of the 1990s. This is important in determining the need for population-specific services during a vigorous economy with low unemployment and increasing Medicaid managed-care penetration. This study compared health insurance status and availability of a source for usual medical care, psychiatric and substance abuse comorbidities, and perceived causes of homelessness in homeless adults surveyed in 1995 and 1997. Cross-sectional, community-based surveys were conducted in 1995 and 1997 at sites frequented by urban homeless adults residing in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Self-reported medical, mental health, and substance abuse comorbidities, health insurance, and source for usual care were measured. Compared to the 388 individuals surveyed in 1995, the 267 homeless adults surveyed in 1997 had more medical comorbidity (56.6% vs. 30.2%, P < .001) and mental health comorbidity (44.9% vs. 36.9%, P = .04) and required more chronic medication (52.1% vs. 30.3%, P < .001). More respondents in 1997 than 1995 reported having no health insurance (41.4% vs. 29.4%, P < .001). While there was no difference in the overall proportion reporting a source for usual care (78.3% in 1997 vs. 80.2% in 1995, P = .55), fewer persons reported use of the emergency department and more persons reported using a shelter-based clinic for usual care in 1997 compared with 1995. These findings suggest more need for medical care among homeless and urban poor persons in 1997 compared with 1995 and support the continued need for outreach and support services despite a vigorous economy. C1 Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Clin Res, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP O'Toole, TP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Clin Res, 2024 E Monument St,Suite 2-500, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD JUN PY 2002 VL 79 IS 2 BP 200 EP 210 DI 10.1093/jurban/79.2.200 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 557QC UT WOS:000175918400006 PM 12023495 ER PT J AU Kestenbaum, B Gillen, DL Sherrard, DJ Seliger, S Ball, A Stehman-Breen, C AF Kestenbaum, B Gillen, DL Sherrard, DJ Seliger, S Ball, A Stehman-Breen, C TI Calcium channel blocker use and mortality among patients with end-stage renal disease SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE calcium channel blocker; dialysis; mortality; cardiovascular disease; hypertension; dihydropyridines; USRDS DMMS II ID LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND; NIFEDIPINE; DILTIAZEM; VERAPAMIL; FAILURE AB Background. Patients on dialysis suffer from alarming rates of cardiovascular disease. While calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are prescribed widely to patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) for the treatment of hypertension, the long-term outcomes associated with the use of these medications are not known. We sought to determine the association between CCB use and mortality among a cohort of ESRD patients. Methods. Data were utilized from the United States Renal Data System Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Wave II, a randomly selected prospective cohort of 4065 ESRD patients who began dialysis in 1996. Clinical data, including medication information, were collected 60 days after the start of dialysis. Subsequent survival status and cause of death were ascertained. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the relative risk of death associated with CCB use. Results. Data from 3716 patients (91.4%) were available for analysis. Fifty-one percent of the study patients were prescribed a CCB. The use of a CCB was associated with a 21% lower risk of total mortality (RR 0.79, CI 0.69 to 0.90) and a 26% lower risk of cardiovascular specific mortality (RR 0.74, CI 0.60 to 0.91). For patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease, CCB use was associated with a 23% (RR 0.77, CI 0.65 to 0.91) and 32% (RR 0.68, CI 0.53 to 0.87) lower risk of total and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. Conclusion. After controlling for known risk factors and potential confounders, CCBs were found to be associated with a lower risk of mortality among ESRD patients. C1 Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kestenbaum, B (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way,Mailstop 111A, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK07721-6] NR 34 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 61 IS 6 BP 2157 EP 2164 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00355.x PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 553FX UT WOS:000175666100024 PM 12028456 ER PT J AU Perrin, EB AF Perrin, EB TI Some thoughts on outcomes research, quality improvement, and performance measurement SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article AB Outcomes research, quality improvement, and performance measurement are important activities in the cancer research community. They are, indeed, closely related activities because indicators of quality and performance can logically be regarded as the outcomes of interest in outcomes research. Considerable progress has been made in the past decade in broadening the definition and strengthening the measurement of the important outcomes of health care in general, and cancer care specifically. The real value of studying outcomes, according to the Donabedian paradigm, lies in understanding their relation to the structure and processes (eg, the health care) that have produced them, because it is these latter factors which we can control. Therefore, the methods that we have available to us by which we can infer this relation of causality become very important. Because the systems that we study in health care research are usually complex, we will need to invest more of our resources in the future in the development of methods of inference beyond what we have available now if we are to realize the full potential of health outcomes research. This presents a unique opportunity for leadership by the cancer outcomes research program. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Perrin, EB (reprint author), 4900 NE 39th St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUN PY 2002 VL 40 IS 6 SU S BP 89 EP 91 PG 3 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 556YG UT WOS:000175876700013 ER PT J AU Ang, DC Ibrahim, SA Burant, CJ Siminoff, LA Kwoh, CK AF Ang, DC Ibrahim, SA Burant, CJ Siminoff, LA Kwoh, CK TI Ethnic differences in the perception of prayer and consideration of joint arthroplasty SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE health disparities; osteoarthritis; joint arthroplasty; prayer ID TOTAL HIP-ARTHROPLASTY; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; OSTEO-ARTHRITIS; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; KNEE REPLACEMENT; HEALTH-CARE; VALIDATION; ACCESS; SPIRITUALITY; PREFERENCES AB CONTEXT. Ethnic differences in utilization of arthroplasty may reflect differences in health-related attitudes and beliefs. OBJECTIVE. To examine ethnic differences in the perception and use of prayer in the treatment of arthritis and its role in patients' decision making toward surgery. DESIGN. A cross-sectional survey. SETTING. VA Primary Care Clinics. PATIENTS. Patients older than 50 years with chronic moderate-to-severe knee pain, hip pain, or both. MEASURES. The "helpfulness of prayer" in the treatment of arthritis and patients' attitude toward joint arthroplasty. RESULTS. Five hundred ninety-six veterans; 44% black patients, 56% white patients. Groups were comparable with respect to age (65 +/- 9.5 vs. 66 +/- 9), disease severity as assessed by WOMAC (47 +/- 17 vs. 45 +/- 17). Black patients scored higher than white patients on the religiosity scale (77 +/- 17 vs. 70 +/- 21). In multivariate analysis, black patients were more likely than white patients to perceive prayer as helpful in the management of their arthritis (OR, 2.1; 95% Cl, 1.19, 3.72). Black patients were also less likely than white patients to consider surgery for severe hip/knee pain (OR, 0.58, 95% Cl 0.34, 0.99); this relationship between ethnicity and consideration of surgery is mediated by perceptions of "helpfulness of prayer." The odds ratio for this relationship changes to 0.70 (P = 0.215). CONCLUSION. In this sample, black patients were more likely than white patients to perceive prayer as helpful and to have actually used prayer for their arthritis. Perception of helpfulness of prayer may be an important explanatory variable in the relationship between ethnicity and patients' decision in considering arthroplasty. C1 Louis Stokes Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Kwoh, CK (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, 3500 Terrace St,S702 BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RI Siminoff, Laura /H-6277-2012 NR 40 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUN PY 2002 VL 40 IS 6 BP 471 EP 476 DI 10.1097/00005650-200206000-00004 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 555WX UT WOS:000175817200004 PM 12021673 ER PT J AU Maciejewski, ML Diehr, P Smith, MA Hebert, P AF Maciejewski, ML Diehr, P Smith, MA Hebert, P TI Common methodological terms in health services research and their symptoms SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE research methods; terminology; statistics; study design ID PANEL-DATA; SELECTION BIAS; VARIABLES; MODELS; CARE AB OBJECTIVE. Health services researchers use methods and terminology from a variety of disciplines to understand individual and organizational behavior related to health, health care, and health insurance. Although this diversity benefits the process of research, the resulting differences in terminology can occasionally lead to confusion among even the most experienced researchers. The purpose of this paper is to clarify different methodological terms used to represent common study designs and statistical concepts in health services research. METHOD. Faculty from the departments of Health Services, Biostatistics and Epidemiology at the University of Washington were asked to provide a list of terms commonly used in health services research that had one or more methodological terms with the same or similar meaning. Consistent with the Delphi method, the initial list was then circulated to internal and external methodologists and additional terms were added for completeness. Terms related to study designs, equation specification, and estimation problems with synonymous terminology were included. RESULTS. A "methodological thesaurus" is developed and described in this paper. Many terms were found which described essentially identical concepts. In other cases, terms had slight but important differences in meaning across disciplines, leading to potential confusion in their use. CONCLUSION. In light of these differences in terminology, it is not surprising that health services researchers with a particular disciplinary orientation currently find literature within their own discipline entirely readable and literature from another discipline considerably less accessible. The "methodological thesaurus" presented in this paper should be of value to health services researchers who are interested in exploring the full array of methods developed to address a particular problem. Teachers and students of health services research should also find this article of use in relating similar concepts across disciplines in quantitative health services research publications. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Ctr Outcomes Res Older Adults, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Prevent Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Hlth Policy, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Maciejewski, ML (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Ctr Outcomes Res Older Adults, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUN PY 2002 VL 40 IS 6 BP 477 EP 484 DI 10.1097/00005650-200206000-00005 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 555WX UT WOS:000175817200005 PM 12021674 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, GM Tijerina, R Najvar, L Rinaldi, M Yeh, IT Graybill, JR AF Gonzalez, GM Tijerina, R Najvar, L Rinaldi, M Yeh, IT Graybill, JR TI Experimental murine model of disseminated Pseudallescheria infection SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE experimental infection; murine model; Pseudallescheria; pseudallescheriosis ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SCEDOSPORIUM-APIOSPERMUM; PETRIELLIDIUM-BOYDII; BRAIN-ABSCESS; ENDOPHTHALMITIS; TRANSPLANTATION; ENDOCARDITIS; PATIENT; THERAPY; VALVE AB Pseudallescheria boydii is found in soil and has a worldwide distribution. This fungus was initially identified as a pathogen targeting a variety of tissues. There are fragmentary data in the literature on the in vitro susceptibility of P. boydii to different antifungal compounds. P. boydii is highly refractory to antifungal treatments. In this study, a murine model of disseminated Pseudallescheria infection was developed to evaluate efficacy of different treatment regimens. A clinical strain of P. boydii was studied in normal and neutropenic outbred ICR mice. Several inocula were tested over a range from 1 x 10(3) to 5 x 10(6) cfu. Groups of eight mice were injected with a intravenous dose of one inoculum. Mortality correlated with the dose of the inoculum, and with immunosuppression. Quantitative cultures of various tissues showed initial dissemination of disease in immune competent mice. This was followed by reduction of tissue burden, except in the brain. In contrast, disseminated infection persisted in most organs in immunosuppressed animals (p < 0.0001). This model should be appropriate for in vivo evaluation of antifungal chemotherapy. C1 Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Colonia Mitras Ctr, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis 7881, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Aldie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Gonzalez, GM (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Colonia Mitras Ctr, Madero & Dr Eduardo A Pequeno SN, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU B I O S SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS LTD PI OXFORD PA 9 NEWTEC PLACE, MAGDALEN RD, OXFORD OX4 1RE, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 40 IS 3 BP 243 EP 248 DI 10.1080/714031108 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 577UL UT WOS:000177080400002 PM 12146753 ER PT J AU Obici, S Feng, ZH Karkanias, G Baskin, DG Rossetti, L AF Obici, S Feng, ZH Karkanias, G Baskin, DG Rossetti, L TI Decreasing hypothalamic insulin receptors causes hyperphagia and insulin resistance in rats SO NATURE NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; Y MESSENGER-RNA; GENE-EXPRESSION; FOOD-INTAKE; VISCERAL ADIPOSITY; ARCUATE NUCLEUS; DIABETIC RATS; BODY-WEIGHT; LEPTIN; BRAIN AB We investigated the role of hypothalamic insulin signaling in the regulation of energy balance and insulin action in rats through selective decreases in insulin receptor expression in discrete hypothalamic nuclei. We generated an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide directed against the insulin receptor precursor protein and administered this directly into the third cerebral ventricle. Immunostaining of rat brains after 7-day administration of the oligodeoxynucleotide showed a selective decrease of insulin receptor protein within cells in the medial portion of the arcuate nucleus (decreased by similar to80% as compared to rats treated with a control oligodeoxynucleotide). Insulin receptors in other hypothalamic and extra-hypothalamic areas were not affected. This selective decrease in hypothalamic insulin receptor protein was accompanied by rapid onset of hyperphagia and increased fat mass. During insulin-clamp studies, physiological hyperinsulinemia decreased glucose production by 55% in rats treated with control oligodeoxynucleotides but by only 25% in rats treated with insulin receptor antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. Thus, insulin receptors in discrete areas of the hypothalamus have a physiological role in the control of food intake, fat mass and hepatic action of insulin. C1 Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Rossetti, L (reprint author), Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, 1300 Morris Pk Ave, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 17047, DK 20541, DK 45024, DK 48321] NR 36 TC 393 Z9 406 U1 2 U2 8 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1097-6256 J9 NAT NEUROSCI JI Nat. Neurosci. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 5 IS 6 BP 566 EP 572 DI 10.1038/nn861 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 556XQ UT WOS:000175874600017 PM 12021765 ER PT J AU Hoobyar, AR Ferrucci, S Anderson, SF Townsend, JC AF Hoobyar, AR Ferrucci, S Anderson, SF Townsend, JC TI Juxtapapillary capillary hemangioblastoma SO OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE capillary hemangioblastoma; hemangioma; juxtapapillary; von Hippel-Lindau disease ID HIPPEL-LINDAU-DISEASE; CLINICAL-FEATURES; RETINAL ANGIOMATOSIS; HEMANGIOMA; MUTATION; GENE AB Background. Juxtapapillary capillary hemangioblastomas are vascular lesions that occur on the optic nerve head or immediately adjacent to the optic disc. Although juxtapapillary capillary hemangioblastomas may appear as an isolated clinical finding, they are more likely to be a precursor to the diagnosis of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. When associated with VHL, the ocular complications from hemangioblastoma are generally greater, and subsequently the prognosis is poorer than for isolated entities. Case Report. A 67-year-old white male presented to our clinic complaining of decreased vision in both eyes at distance and near. A dilated fundus examination revealed a swollen left optic nerve. Visual field testing revealed an inferior arcuate defect in the left eye. Laboratory and radiological testing were normal. Fluorescein angiography showed filling during the retinal arterial phase with late diffuse leakage. Based on these results, a diagnosis of juxtapapillary capillary hemangioblastoma was made. This was later confirmed when fundus photographs taken 7 years earlier were obtained, revealing a stable appearance to the nerve. Conclusion. Potential ocular complications of juxtapapillary capillary hemangioblastomas include vision loss secondary to subretinal and intraretinal fluid, as well as epi-retinal membrane formation and, rarely, exudative retinal detachment. Management ranges from observation to surgical intervention, although definitive treatment guidelines have yet to be established. In addition, it is important for the eye care practitioner to be aware of the association with VHL disease, so that patients may be appropriately referred and managed for other possible systemic complications of the disease. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home, Sepulveda, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Santa Barbara Outpatient Clin, Santa Barbara, CA USA. So Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA USA. RP Ferrucci, S (reprint author), Sepulveda VA Ambulatory Care Ctr, 16111 Plummer St 112E, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-5488 J9 OPTOMETRY VISION SCI JI Optom. Vis. Sci. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 79 IS 6 BP 346 EP 352 AR UNSP 1040-5488/02/7906-0346/0 DI 10.1097/00006324-200206000-00007 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 564HX UT WOS:000176309900002 PM 12086300 ER PT J AU Lyons-Wait, VA Anderson, SF Townsend, JC De Land, P AF Lyons-Wait, VA Anderson, SF Townsend, JC De Land, P TI Ocular and systemic findings and their correlation with hemodynamically significant carotid artery stenosis: A retrospective study SO OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE amaurosis fugax; carotid artery disease; cerebrovascular accident; guidelines; hemodynamically significant carotid artery stenosis; ocular; peripheral retinal hemorrhages; retinal emboli; risk factors; stroke; systemic ID PERIPHERAL VASCULAR-DISEASE; RETINAL ISCHEMIC SYNDROMES; LOW-TENSION GLAUCOMA; RISK-FACTORS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS; VEIN OBSTRUCTION; OPTIC NEUROPATHY; ELDERLY PATIENTS; SURGERY PATIENTS AB Background. Optometrists often encounter patients with ocular signs and/or symptoms suggestive of carotid artery disease, but criteria for eye care practitioners concerning when to order carotid studies are not well established. A retrospective study in an optometry clinic was performed to determine if certain ocular findings and associated systemic risk factors were associated with hemodynamically significant carotid artery stenosis (HSCAS). Methods. A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients examined in the optometry clinic at the Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Center from January 1, 1998 through December 31, 1999 to identify all patients who had carotid studies ordered. Charts were then reviewed to determine the ocular finding that prompted the carotid study. Statistical analysis using an odds-ratio was performed to determine whether any ocular sign/symptom or systemic risk factor was associated with HSCAS. Results. Of 3822 patients, 48 (1.26%) had carotid studies ordered. Eight (17%) had HSCAS of >50% and symptomatic patients were 1.6 times more likely to have HSCAS than asymptomatic patients. Patients with HSCAS were 1.8 times more likely to have retinal vascular occlusions, 1.9 times more likely to have normotensive glaucoma, 2.4 times more likely to have peripheral retinal hemorrhages, and 2.6 times more likely to be smokers, although none of these factors were found to be a statistically significant indicator of HSCAS. However, the number of systemic diseases tended to be greater for the HSCAS patients compared with the non-HSCAS patients (HSCAS median = 3.5 and the non-HSCAS median = 2, p = 0.049). Conclusion. Although no single ocular or systemic risk factor was found to be a statistically significant indicator of HSCAS, the number of systemic disease risk factors tended to be greater for the HSCAS patients compared with the non-HSCAS patients (p = 0.049). An extensive literature review was also performed to help establish guidelines for when to order carotid studies on the basis of ocular signs and/or symptoms as well as the presence of additive associated systemic risk factors. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home, Sepulveda, CA USA. So Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Santa Barbara Community Based Outpatient Clin, Santa Barbara, CA USA. Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Math, Fullerton, CA USA. RP Anderson, SF (reprint author), Baltimore VAMC, 10 N Greene St,BT 112-OPT, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 82 TC 9 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-5488 J9 OPTOMETRY VISION SCI JI Optom. Vis. Sci. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 79 IS 6 BP 353 EP 362 AR UNSP 1040-5488/02/7906-0353/0 DI 10.1097/00006324-200206000-00008 PG 10 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 564HX UT WOS:000176309900003 PM 12086301 ER PT J AU Lyamin, OI Shpak, OV Nazarenko, EA Mukhametov, LM AF Lyamin, OI Shpak, OV Nazarenko, EA Mukhametov, LM TI Muscle jerks during behavioral sleep in a beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas L.) SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE sleep; paradoxical sleep; REM sleep; jerks; beluga whale; white whale; cetaceans AB We conducted video recording of the behavior of one captive adult male beluga (or white) whale over eight nights aiming to quantify muscle jerks and to evaluate their relationship to the sleep-waking cycle. Presumably, the whale was asleep during a significant portion of the time it spent lying on the bottom of the pool. Individual sleep episodes lasted between 20 and 492 s and on average occupied 66.7 +/- 2.6% of the nighttime (n = 8). Muscle jerks were quantified in the last three nights, during which an average of 144 +/- 24 jerks were documented per night. Forty-six percent of all jerks occurred within 10 s of each other. Series of jerks lasted 2-21 s (on average 4.8 +/- 0.5 s, n = 97) and in total occupied 0.3-0.7% of the rest time (0.2-0.5% of total nighttime). Jerks occurred more frequently at the end of rest episodes. A significant portion of rest episodes with jerks (62%) followed each other. These series of episodes with jerks alternated with periods when jerks were not recorded over 8-37 min. We conclude that some jerks meet the behavioral criteria of paradoxical [or rapid eye movement (REM)] sleep (PS). On the other hand, definitive conclusions about the presence and duration of this sleep stage in cetaceans cannot be reached without further combined electropolygraphic studies and visual observations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Health Syst, Ctr Sleep Res 151A3, North Hills, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 117071, Russia. RP Lyamin, OI (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Health Syst, Ctr Sleep Res 151A3, 16111 Plummer St, North Hills, CA 91343 USA. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 76 IS 2 BP 265 EP 270 AR PII S0031-9384(02)00722-9 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(02)00722-9 PG 6 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 569FY UT WOS:000176591400012 PM 12044599 ER PT J AU Corey, E Quinn, JE Bladou, F Brown, LG Roudier, MP Brown, JM Buhler, KR Vessella, RL AF Corey, E Quinn, JE Bladou, F Brown, LG Roudier, MP Brown, JM Buhler, KR Vessella, RL TI Establishment and characterization of osseous prostate cancer models: Intra tibial injection of human prostate cancer cells SO PROSTATE LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; bone metastasis; osteoblastic response; osteolytic response; animal model ID HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN; PYRIDINIUM CROSS-LINKS; METASTATIC PATTERNS; BONE METASTASES; LNCAP MODEL; SCID MICE; ANTIGEN; CARCINOMA; EXPRESSION; OSTEOPROTEGERIN AB BACKGROUND. To improve the therapy of advanced prostate cancer (CaP), it is critical to develop animal models that mimic Cap bone metastases. Unlike the human disease, CaP xenograft models rarely metastasize spontaneously to bone from the orthotopic site of primary tumor growth. METHODS. Single-cell suspensions of LNCaP, PC-3, LuCaP 35, and LuCaP 23.1 CaP cells were injected directly into tibia of SCID mice. Immunohistochemistry and bone histomorphometrical analyses were performed to characterize these osseous-CaP models. RESULTS. LuCaP 23.1 Yields an osteoblastic response, LNCaP Yields mixed lesions, and LuCaP 35 and PC-3 result in osteolytic responses. We have detected osteoprotegerin, RANK ligand, parathyroid hormone-related protein, and endothelin-1, proteins associated with bone growth and remodeling, in the CaP cells grown in the bone. CONCLUSIONS. These animal models can be used to study biological interactions, pathways, and potential therapeutic targets, and also to evaluate new agents for treatment and prevention of CaP bone metastasis. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Urol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Hop Salvator, Marseille, France. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Corey, E (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Urol, Mail Stop 356510,1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [2 P50 DK47656-07] NR 47 TC 119 Z9 122 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0270-4137 J9 PROSTATE JI Prostate PD JUN 1 PY 2002 VL 52 IS 1 BP 20 EP 33 DI 10.1002/pros.10091 PG 14 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA 556HK UT WOS:000175843200003 PM 11992617 ER PT J AU Grossman, R Buchsbaum, MS Yehuda, R AF Grossman, R Buchsbaum, MS Yehuda, R TI Neuroimaging studies in post-traumatic stress disorder SO PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; HIPPOCAMPAL PYRAMIDAL NEURONS; IMPAIRED DECLARATIVE MEMORY; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE HISTORIES; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ABUSE; SCRIPT-DRIVEN IMAGERY; HUMAN AMYGDALA; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES AB The authors review some of the advances that have been made in understanding the structural, biochemical, and functional neuroanatomy of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). First, the authors review the primary brain regions that had been hypothesized a priori, from the phenomenology and neurobiology of PTSD, to be implicated in the pathophysiology. Next, they review findings from neuroimaging studies of these brain regions in PTSD and explain the various experimental methods and imaging technologies used in these studies. A broader perspective, including a discussion of additional brain areas that may be involved in PTSD, is synthesized. The authors conclude with a rationale and approach for studies testing sharply defined hypotheses and those using multidisciplinary strategies that integrate neuroimaging data with other cognitive, biologic, and genetic tools to study this complex disorder. C1 CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Grossman, R (reprint author), CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [KO8 MH01653-01] NR 107 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 10 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0193-953X J9 PSYCHIAT CLIN N AM JI Psychiatr. Clin. North Amer. PD JUN PY 2002 VL 25 IS 2 BP 317 EP + AR PII S0193-953X(01)00011-9 DI 10.1016/S0193-953X(01)00011-9 PG 25 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 573XJ UT WOS:000176857500005 PM 12136503 ER PT J AU Liberman, RP Glynn, S Blair, KE Ross, D Marder, SR AF Liberman, RP Glynn, S Blair, KE Ross, D Marder, SR TI In vivo amplified skills training: Promoting generalization of independent living skills for clients with schizophrenia SO PSYCHIATRY-INTERPERSONAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article ID SEVERE MENTAL-ILLNESS; PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT; COMMUNITY; INDIVIDUALS; MANAGEMENT; TRIAL; MODEL AB In Vivo Amplified Skills Training, IVAST, functions to bridge the gap between clinic-based skills training and use of social and independent living skills in everyday life for persons with schizophrenia and other serious and persistent mental illness. IVAST utilizes a specialist case manager who provides individualized, community-based teaching using behavioral techniques to promote clients' use of skills that were learned in classroom group sessions. The IVAST trainer also liaises with the client's psychiatrist and other clinic-based staff, family members, and community agencies to create opportunities, encouragement and reinforcement for the client's independent use of skills in the community. The aim of IVAST is to accelerate autonomous functioning of persons with mental disabilities in the community and thereby reduce their dependency on case managers and other therapists. To the extent that IVAST can empower clients to solve their own problems and attain their personal goals, enduring improvements in social role functioning and quality of life should ensue. A controlled study of IVAST has documented improvements in social adjustment when behavioral learning techniques are employed in the community settings of the clients. An IVAST case study is presented to illustrate the community-based use of medication management, symptom management, and social problem solving in the attainment of personally relevant goals. Obstacles to success of IVAST may derive from deficits in personal motivation, family involvement, community support, financial resources, premorbid functioning, and medication compliance. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Psych REHAB Program, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Liberman, RP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Psych REHAB Program, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, 300 UCLA Med Plaza,Ste 2263, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 49 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0033-2747 J9 PSYCHIATRY JI Psychiatry-Interpers. Biol. Process. PD SUM PY 2002 VL 65 IS 2 BP 137 EP 155 DI 10.1521/psyc.65.2.137.19931 PG 19 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 567TD UT WOS:000176500400005 PM 12108138 ER PT J AU Dong, LQ Ramos, FJ Wick, MJ Lim, MA Guo, ZM Strong, R Richardson, A Liu, F AF Dong, LQ Ramos, FJ Wick, MJ Lim, MA Guo, ZM Strong, R Richardson, A Liu, F TI Cloning and characterization of a testis and brain-specific isoform of mouse 3 '-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1, mPDK-1 beta SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID AGE-1 PI3 KINASE; INSULIN-RECEPTOR; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSCRIPTS; ACTIVATION; PATHWAYS AB 3'-Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK-1) phosphorylates and activates members of the protein kinase AGC family and plays a key role in receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. Here we report the cloning and characterization of a splice variant of mouse PDK-1, mPDK-1beta. The cDNA encoding mPDK-1beta contains two alternative start codons and translation from these start codons generates proteins that are, respectively, 27 or 51 amino acid residues shorter at the amino-terminus than the previously identified PDK-1 isolated from mouse liver (now renamed mPDK-1alpha) [J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 8117]. Analysis of mouse tissues shows that mPDK-1beta is highly expressed in the testis and various functional regions of the brain. Expression of this isoform is increased in the brain of aged mice. Both mPDK-1alpha and mPDK-1beta are autophosphorylated at both serine and threonine residues in vitro and showed similar levels of tyrosine phosphorylation when co-expressed with either constitutively active Src or Fyn tyrosine kinases in cells. However, the mPDK-1 isoforms showed significant differences in their response to pervanadate- or insulin plus vanadate-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation. Taken together, our findings suggest that the two PDK-1 isoforms may be differentially regulated in cells. The specific expression of mPDK-1beta in mouse testis and brains of aged mice also suggests potential involvement of this kinase in regulating animal spermatogenesis and aging. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Dong, LQ (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P03 AG13319]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK56166, DK52543] NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAY 31 PY 2002 VL 294 IS 1 BP 136 EP 144 AR PII S0006-291X(02)00449-7 DI 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00449-7 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 563BU UT WOS:000176234500023 PM 12054753 ER PT J AU Wang, LX Saint-Pierre, DH Tache, Y AF Wang, LX Saint-Pierre, DH Tache, Y TI Peripheral ghrelin selectively increases Fos expression in neuropeptide Y - synthesizing neurons in mouse hypothalamic arcuate nucleus SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ghrelin; neuropeptide Y expression; Fos; arcuate nucleus; food intake; mouse ID HORMONE SECRETAGOGUE RECEPTOR; ACYLATED PEPTIDE; FOOD-INTAKE; LEAN MICE; RATS; STOMACH; HUMANS; INJECTION; LEPTIN; BRAIN AB Ghrelin, a peptide isolated from the rat stomach, is the endogenous ligand of the growth hormone-secretagogue receptor and also known to have orexigenic effect. We examined the influence of intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of ghrelin on food intake and brain neuronal activity in freely fed mice. Ghrelin (3, 10 or 30 mug/mouse) dose-dependently increased food intake by 0.8-,1.6-and 2.6-fold, respectively, at 30 min post injection. Ghrelin (10 mug/mouse) induces Fos expression selectively in the ventromedial part of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc). No change in Fos expression was observed in other hypothalamic and hindbrain nuclei. About 90% of the Fos-positive neurons in the Arc expressed neuropeptide Y (NPY) messenger RNA. These data indicate that NPY neurons in the Arc are likely the primary target mediating i.p. ghrelin induced orexigenic effect. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr,Dept Med, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst,Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Montreal, Fac Med Vet, St Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 2M2, Canada. RP Wang, LX (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr,Dept Med, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst,Digest Dis, Bldg 115,Room 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK 30110, DK41301] NR 23 TC 227 Z9 232 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD MAY 31 PY 2002 VL 325 IS 1 BP 47 EP 51 AR PII S0304-3940(02)00241-0 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 559HX UT WOS:000176021700012 PM 12023064 ER PT J AU Cummings, DE Weigle, DS Frayo, RS Breen, PA Ma, MK Dellinger, EP Purnell, JQ AF Cummings, DE Weigle, DS Frayo, RS Breen, PA Ma, MK Dellinger, EP Purnell, JQ TI Plasma ghrelin levels after diet-induced weight loss or gastric bypass surgery. SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VERTICAL BANDED GASTROPLASTY; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; MORBID-OBESITY; FOOD-INTAKE; ACYLATED PEPTIDE; HORMONE; BEHAVIOR; PERSPECTIVE; RESPONSES; EXERCISE AB Background: Weight loss causes changes in appetite and energy expenditure that promote weight regain. Ghrelin is a hormone that increases food intake in rodents and humans. If circulating ghrelin participates in the adaptive response to weight loss, its levels should rise with dieting. Because ghrelin is produced primarily by the stomach, weight loss after gastric bypass surgery may be accompanied by impaired ghrelin secretion. Methods: We determined the 24-hour plasma ghrelin profiles, body composition, insulin levels, leptin levels, and insulin sensitivity in 13 obese subjects before and after a six-month dietary program for weight loss. The 24-hour ghrelin profiles were also determined in 5 subjects who had lost weight after gastric bypass and 10 normal-weight controls; 5 of the 13 obese subjects who participated in the dietary program were matched to the subjects in the gastric-bypass group and served as obese controls. Results: Plasma ghrelin levels rose sharply shortly before and fell shortly after every meal. A diet-induced weight loss of 17 percent of initial body weight was associated with a 24 percent increase in the area under the curve for the 24-hour ghrelin profile (P=0.006). In contrast, despite a 36 percent weight loss after gastric bypass, the area under the curve for the ghrelin profile in the gastric-bypass group was 77 percent lower than in normal-weight controls (P<0.001) and 72 percent lower than in matched obese controls (P=0.01). The normal, meal-related fluctuations and diurnal rhythm of the ghrelin level were absent after gastric bypass. Conclusions: The increase in the plasma ghrelin level with diet-induced weight loss is consistent with the hypothesis that ghrelin has a role in the long-term regulation of body weight. Gastric bypass is associated with markedly suppressed ghrelin levels, possibly contributing to the weight-reducing effect of the procedure. (N Engl J Med 2002;346:1623-30.) Copyright (C) 2002 Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Hosp, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Cummings, DE (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, 1660 S Columbian Way,S-111-Endo, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01RR00037]; NIDDK NIH HHS [K23 DK02689, K24 DK02860, R01 DK55460]; NIH HHS [P3ODK17047] NR 43 TC 1384 Z9 1431 U1 5 U2 66 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 23 PY 2002 VL 346 IS 21 BP 1623 EP 1630 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa012908 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 554GZ UT WOS:000175728600004 PM 12023994 ER PT J AU Bent, S Nallamothu, BK Simel, DL Fihn, SD Saint, S AF Bent, S Nallamothu, BK Simel, DL Fihn, SD Saint, S TI Does this woman have an acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection? SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RISK-FACTORS; YOUNG-WOMEN; ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; ADULTS; ASSOCIATION; SYMPTOMS; PATIENT AB Context Symptoms suggestive of acute urinary tract infection (UTI) constitute one of the most common reasons for women to visit clinicians. Although the clinical en typically involves taking a history and performing a physical examination, the diagnostic accuracy of the clinical assessment for UTI remains uncertain. Objective To review the accuracy and precision of history taking and physical examination for the diagnosis of UTI in women. Data Sources We conducted a MEDLINE search for articles published from 1966 through September 2001 and manually reviewed bibliographies, 3 commonly used clinical skills textbooks, and contacted experts in the field. Study Selection Studies were included if they contained original data on the accuracy or precision of history or physical examination for diagnosing acute uncomplicated UTI in women. One author initially screened titles and abstracts found by our search. Nine of 464 identified studies met inclusion criteria. Data Extraction Two authors independently abstracted data from the included studies. Disagreements were resolved by discussion and consensus with a third author. Data Synthesis Four symptoms and 1 sign significantly increased the probability of UTI: dysuria (summary positive likelihood ratio [LR], 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-2.0), frequency (LR, 1,8; 95% CI, 1.1-3.0), hematuria (LR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.3-2.9), back pain (LR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.1), and costovertebral angle tenderness (LR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1-2.5). Four symptoms and 1 sign significantly decreased the probability of UTI: absence of dysuria (summary negative LR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3-0.7), absence of back pain (LR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.7-0.9), history of vaginal discharge (LR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9), history of vaginal irritation (LR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9), and vaginal discharge on examination (LR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.5-0.9). Of all individual diagnostic signs and symptoms, the 2 most powerful were history of vaginal discharge and history of vaginal irritation, which significantly decreased the likelihood of UTI when present (LRs, 0.3 and 0.2, respectively). One study examined combinations of symptoms, and the resulting LRs were more powerful (24.6 for the combination of dysuria and frequency but no vaginal discharge or irritation). One study of patients with recurrent UTI found that self-diagnosis significantly increased the probability of UTI (LR, 4.0). Conclusions In women who present with 1 or more symptoms of UTI, the probability of infection is approximately 50%. Specific combinations of symptoms (eg, dysuria and frequency without vaginal discharge or irritation) raise the probability of UTI to more than 90%, effectively ruling in the diagnosis based on history alone. In contrast, history taking, physical examination, and dipstick urinalysis are not able to reliably lower the posttest probability of disease to a level where a UTI can be ruled out when a patient presents with 1 or more symptoms. C1 San Francisco VAMC, Gen Internal Med Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. Durham VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC USA. Duke Univ, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA USA. Ann Arbor VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Patient Safety Enhancement Program, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Bent, S (reprint author), San Francisco VAMC, Gen Internal Med Sect, 111-A1,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 53 TC 167 Z9 172 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 22 PY 2002 VL 287 IS 20 BP 2701 EP 2710 DI 10.1001/jama.287.20.2701 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 554JQ UT WOS:000175732400030 PM 12020306 ER PT J AU Huang, DS Cheung, AT Parsons, JT Bryer-Ash, M AF Huang, DS Cheung, AT Parsons, JT Bryer-Ash, M TI Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) regulates insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis in hepatocytes SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INDUCED GLUCOSE-TRANSPORT; RAT SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; GROWTH-FACTOR; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; SYNTHASE KINASE-3; RECEPTOR SUBSTRATE-1; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; GLUCOSE-TRANSPORTER-4 TRANSLOCATION; DIFFERENTIAL REGULATION AB Experimental data support a role for FAK, an important component of the integrin signaling pathway, in insulin action. To test the hypothesis that FAK plays a regulatory role in hepatic insulin action, we overexpressed wild type (WT), a kinase inactive (KR), or a COOH-terminal focal adhesion targeting (FAT) sequence-truncated mutant of FAK in HepG2 hepatoma cells. In control untransfected (NON) and vector (CMV2)- and WT-transfected cells, insulin stimulated an expected 54 +/- 13, 37 +/- 4, and 47 +/- 12 increase in [U-C-14]glucose incorporation into glycogen, respectively. This was entirely abolished in the presence of either KR (-1 +/- 7%) or FAT mutants (0 +/- 8%, n = 5, p < 0.05 for KR or FAT versus other groups), and this was associated with a significant attenuation of incremental insulin-stimulated glycogen synthase (GS) activity. Insulin-stimulated serine phosphorylation of Akt/protein kinase B was significantly impaired in mutant-transfected cells. Moreover, the ability of insulin to inactivate GS kinase-3β (GSK-3β), the regulatory enzyme immediately upstream of GS, by serine phosphorylation (308 &PLUSMN; 16, 321 &PLUSMN; 41, and 458 &PLUSMN; 34 optical densitometric units (odu) in NON, CMV2, and WT, respectively, p < 0.02 for WT versus CMV2) was attenuated in the presence of either FAT (205 +/- 14, p < 0.01) or KR (189 &PLUSMN; 4, p < 0.005) mutants. FAK co-immunoprecipitated with GSK-3beta, but only in cells overexpressing the KR (374 +/- 254 odu) and FAT (555 +/- 308) mutants was this association stimulated by insulin compared with NON (-209 +/- 92), CMV2 (-47 +/- 70), and WT (-39 +/- 31 odu). This suggests that FAK and GSK-3beta form both a constitutive association and a transient complex upon insulin stimulation, the dissociation of which requires normal function and localization of FAK. We conclude that FAK regulates the activity of Akt/protein kinase B and GSK-3beta and the association of GSK-3beta with FAK to influence insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis in hepatocytes. Insulin action may be subject to regulation by the integrin signaling pathway, ensuring that these growth and differentiation-promoting pathways act in a coordinated and/or complementary manner. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Hypertens, Gonda Goldschmied Diabet Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Memphis, TN 38103 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv, Memphis, TN 38103 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. RP Bryer-Ash, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Hypertens, Gonda Goldschmied Diabet Ctr, 900 Vet Ave,Warren Hall 24-130, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00211] NR 69 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 17 PY 2002 VL 277 IS 20 BP 18151 EP 18160 DI 10.1074/jbc.M104252200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 553PR UT WOS:000175685100097 PM 11809746 ER PT J AU Hasty, P Vijg, J AF Hasty, P Vijg, J TI Aging - Genomic priorities in aging SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID REPAIR GENE XPA; MICE; DEFICIENT C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol Med, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Barshop Ctr Longev & Aging Studies, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Hasty, P (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol Med, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. NR 11 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAY 17 PY 2002 VL 296 IS 5571 BP 1250 EP 1251 DI 10.1126/science.1071808 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 554BL UT WOS:000175713000033 PM 11951000 ER PT J AU Ganesh, S Delgado-Escueta, AV Sakamoto, T Avila, MR Machado-Salas, J Hoshii, Y Akagi, T Gomi, H Suzuki, T Amano, K Agarwala, KL Hasegawa, Y Bai, DS Ishihara, T Hashikawa, T Itohara, S Cornford, EM Niki, H Yamakawa, K AF Ganesh, S Delgado-Escueta, AV Sakamoto, T Avila, MR Machado-Salas, J Hoshii, Y Akagi, T Gomi, H Suzuki, T Amano, K Agarwala, KL Hasegawa, Y Bai, DS Ishihara, T Hashikawa, T Itohara, S Cornford, EM Niki, H Yamakawa, K TI Targeted disruption of the Epm2a gene causes formation of Lafora inclusion bodies, neurodegeneration, ataxia, myoclonus epilepsy and impaired behavioral response in mice SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GLYCATION END-PRODUCTS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MAILLARD REACTION; BODY DISEASE; UBIQUITIN; PROTEINS; SYSTEM; STRESS; MODEL AB Mutations in the EPM2A gene encoding a dual-specificity phosphatase (laforin) cause Lafora disease (LD), a progressive and invariably fatal epilepsy with periodic acid-Schiff-positive (PAS+) cytoplasmic inclusions (Lafora bodies) in the central nervous system. To study the pathology of LD and the functions of laforin, we disrupted the Epm2a gene in mice. At two months of age, homozygous null mutants developed widespread degeneration of neurons, most of which occurred in the absence of Lafora bodies. Dying neurons characteristically exhibit swelling in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi networks and mitochondria in the absence of apoptotic bodies or fragmentation of DNA. As Lafora bodies become more prominent at 4-12 months, organelles and nuclei are disrupted. The Lafora bodies, present both in neuronal and non-neural tissues, are positive for ubiquitin and advanced glycation end-products only in neurons, suggesting different pathological consequence for Lafora inclusions in neuronal tissues. Neuronal degeneration and Lafora inclusion bodies predate the onset of impaired behavioral responses, ataxia, spontaneous myoclonic seizures and EEG epileptiform activity. Our results suggest that LD is a primary neurodegenerative disorder that may utilize a non-apoptotic mechanism of cell death. C1 RIKEN, Brain Sci Inst, Lab Neurobiol Emot, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RIKEN, Brain Sci Inst, Lab Neural Architecture, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RIKEN, Brain Sci Inst, Lab Behav Genet, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Neurociencias, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. Yamaguchi Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol 1, Yamaguchi, Japan. VA GLAHS W Los Angeles Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Epilepsy Genet Genom Labs, Los Angeles, CA USA. RIKEN, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Delgado-Escueta, AV (reprint author), RIKEN, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RI Ganesh, Subramniam/B-4131-2009; Itohara, Shigeyoshi/I-8769-2012; Yamakawa, Kazuhiro/N-5050-2015 OI Itohara, Shigeyoshi/0000-0002-2410-9989; NR 37 TC 109 Z9 110 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD MAY 15 PY 2002 VL 11 IS 11 BP 1251 EP 1262 DI 10.1093/hmg/11.11.1251 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 556NQ UT WOS:000175856200001 PM 12019206 ER PT J AU Johnson, JR Kuskowski, MA O'Bryan, TT Maslow, JN AF Johnson, JR Kuskowski, MA O'Bryan, TT Maslow, JN TI Epidemiological correlates of virulence genotype and phylogenetic background among Escherichia coli blood isolates from adults with diverse-source bacteremia SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID URINARY-TRACT INFECTIONS; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND; EXTRAINTESTINAL INFECTIONS; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; CLONAL RELATIONSHIPS; HOST COMPROMISE; SEVERE SEPSIS; PAPA ALLELES; STRAINS; IDENTIFICATION AB Associations of virulence genotype and phylogenetic background with epidemiological factors (primary source of bacteremia, host compromise status, and hospital versus community origin) were assessed among 182 Escherichia coli blood isolates from adults with diverse-source bacteremia in comparison with fecal controls from the E. coli Reference collection. A continuum of virulence was found, from urinary and pulmonary source bacteremia isolates (high virulence), through "other" or unknown source bacteremia isolates (intermediate virulence), to fecal isolates (low virulence), with a corresponding graded phylogenetic distribution from predominantly group B2 to predominantly groups A and B1. Associations of bacterial traits with clinical factors varied considerably, depending on subgroup and statistical method. However, certain putative virulence genes (including several "nontraditional" markers, such as pathogenicity island-associated malX) repeatedly emerged as significant epidemiological predictors, which provided evidence of their possible relevance in host-pathogen interactions and hence as potential targets for preventive interventions against extraintestinal infections due to E. coli. C1 Minneapolis Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Minneapolis, MN 55417 USA. Minneapolis Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Minneapolis, MN 55417 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Psychiat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Johnson, JR (reprint author), Minneapolis Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, 111F,Rm 3B-101,1 Vet Dr, Minneapolis, MN 55417 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-47504] NR 65 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2002 VL 185 IS 10 BP 1439 EP 1447 DI 10.1086/340506 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 547CE UT WOS:000175314700009 PM 11992279 ER PT J AU Goyal, A Samaha, FF Boden, WE Wade, MJ Kimmel, SE AF Goyal, A Samaha, FF Boden, WE Wade, MJ Kimmel, SE TI Stress test criteria used in the conservative arm of the FRISC-II trial underdetects surgical coronary artery disease when applied to patients in the VANQWISH trial SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRACTICE GUIDELINES COMMITTEE; ASSOCIATION TASK-FORCE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ACC/AHA GUIDELINES; STRATEGY; MANAGEMENT AB OBJECTIVES We sought to determine whether the stringent stress test criteria for crossover to cardiac catheterization in the conservative arm of the Fast Revascularization During Instability in Coronary Artery, Disease (FRISC-II) trial subjected this strategy., to a disadvantage by failing to identify patients with surgical coronary artery disease (CAD). BACKGROUND In FRISC-II, an invasive strategy provided superior outcomes compared with a conservative strategy for patients with acute coronary syndromes. However, compared with the stress test criteria for crossover to catheterization in the Veterans Affairs Non-Q-Wave Infarction Strategies in Hospital (VANQWISH) trial, the FRISC-II criteria were more restrictive and did not use nuclear imaging or pharmacologic stress testing. METHODS We analyzed the conservative arm of VANQWISH to identify the prevalence of surgical CAD in those patients who met the VANQWISH, but not FRISC-II, criteria for catheterization. RESULTS Of 385 VANQWISH patients, 90 (23%) met the FRISC-II criteria for catheterization. Another 98 patients (25%) met only VANQWISH stress test criteria (60 patients by exercise and 38 by pharmacologic nuclear stress testing). Among subjects who underwent pre discharge angiography, those meeting only VANQWISH stress test criteria had a high prevalence of surgical CAD (51%), comparable to patients who met FRISC-II criteria (54%, p = 0.805). CONCLUSIONS The overly stringent risk stratification protocol for conservative-arm patients in FRISC-II could have failed to identify almost as many patients with surgical CAD as it identified. A lower threshold for catheterization in the FRISC-II conservative patients might have improved their outcomes and therefore diminished the putative benefit of an invasive strategy. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;39:1601-7) (C) 2002 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Div Cardiovasc, Philadelphia, PA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Hartford Hosp, Hartford, CT 06115 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Syracuse, NY USA. Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Kimmel, SE (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Dept Med, 717 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAY 15 PY 2002 VL 39 IS 10 BP 1601 EP 1607 AR PII S0735-1097(02)01841-7 DI 10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01841-7 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 551QB UT WOS:000175571500006 PM 12020486 ER PT J AU Keire, DA Solomon, TE Reeve, JR AF Keire, DA Solomon, TE Reeve, JR TI NMR evidence for different conformations of the bioactive region of rat CCK-8 and CCK-58 SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE N-15-NMR; HSQC; cholecystokinin; CCK-58; CCK-8; tertiary structure ID FOLDING INITIATION SITES; FLUORESCENCE-TRANSFER MEASUREMENTS; CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; PEPTIDE MODELS; H-1-NMR SPECTROSCOPY; IMPROVED SENSITIVITY; CHOLECYSTOKININ; FRAGMENTS; MYOGLOBIN; H-1 AB Sulfated CCK-58 and CCK-8 have identical bioactive C-terminal primary sequences but distinct C-terminal solution structures and different bioactivities. To examine structural differences in greater detail, rat CCK-58 and -8 were synthesized with isotopic enrichment of C-terminal residues with N-15 at alpha-amino nitrogens. Proton and nitrogen chemical shift assignments of peptide solutions were obtained by homo- and heteronuclear NMR methods. These data show that the tertiary structure ensembles of C-terminal CCK-8 and CCK-58 differ significantly. Thus, distinct solution conformations may explain differences in CCKA and CCKB receptor interactions of large and small molecular forms of CCK. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Greater Los Angeles Vet Hlth Care Syst, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Digest Dis Branch, Los Angeles, CA 90023 USA. RP Keire, DA (reprint author), Greater Los Angeles Vet Hlth Care Syst, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-56805, DK-33850, DK41301] NR 45 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAY 10 PY 2002 VL 293 IS 3 BP 1014 EP 1020 AR PII S0006-291X(02)00309-1 DI 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00309-1 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 552VM UT WOS:000175640800021 PM 12051761 ER PT J AU Rose, ME Huerbin, MB Melick, J Marion, DW Palmer, AM Schiding, JK Kochanek, PM Graham, SH AF Rose, ME Huerbin, MB Melick, J Marion, DW Palmer, AM Schiding, JK Kochanek, PM Graham, SH TI Regulation of interstitial excitatory amino acid concentrations after cortical contusion injury SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE brain microdialysis; glucose; glutamate; traumatic brain injury ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; HUMAN HEAD-INJURY; GLUTAMATE RELEASE; RAT; BW619C89; DAMAGE; ANTAGONISTS; LAMOTRIGINE; ASPARTATE; MECHANISM AB Increases in brain interstitial excitatory amino acid (EAA(1)) concentrations after ischemia are ameliorated by use-dependent Na+ channel antagonists and by supplementing interstitial glucose, but the regulation of EAA, after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is unknown. We studied the regulation of EAA, after TBI using the controlled cortical impact model in rats. To monitor changes in EAA,. microdialysis probes were placed in the cortex adjacent to the contusion and in the ipsilateral hippocampus. Significant increases in dialysate EAA, after TBI were found compared to levels measured in sham controls. Treatment with the use-dependent Na+ channel antagonist 619C89 (30 mg/kg i.v.) did not significantly decrease dialysate glutamate compared to vehicle controls in hippocampus (10.4 +/- 2.4 vs. 11.9 +/- 1.6 muM), but there was significant decrease in dialysate glutamate in cortex after 619C89 treatment (19.3 +/- 3 vs. 12.6 +/- 1.1 muM P < 0.05). Addition of 30 mM glucose to the dialysate, a treatment that decreases EAA, after ischemia, had no significant effect upon dialysate glutamate after TBI in cortex (20.0 +/- 4.9 vs. 11.7 +/- 3.4 muM) or in hippocampus ( 10.9 +/- 2.0 vs. 8.9 +/- 2.4 muM). These results suggest that neither increased release of EAAs due to Na+ channel-mediated depolarization nor failure of glutamate reuptake due to glucose deprivation can explain the majority of the increase in EAA, following TBI. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 VA Pittsburgh Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Cerebus Ltd, Wokingham, England. Univ Pittsburgh, Brain Trauma Res Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurosurg, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Graham, SH (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [P50 NS 30318] NR 27 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAY 10 PY 2002 VL 935 IS 1-2 BP 40 EP 46 AR PII S0006-8993(02)02445-9 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02445-9 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 555PN UT WOS:000175802600006 PM 12062471 ER PT J AU Hinkle, PM Pekary, AE Senanayaki, S Sattin, A AF Hinkle, PM Pekary, AE Senanayaki, S Sattin, A TI Role of TRH receptors as possible mediators of analeptic actions of TRH-like peptides SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE TRH; EEP; TRH receptor; calcium signaling ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; RAT-BRAIN; CALCIUM; ANALOGS; SYSTEM; CELLS AB A large family of TRH-like peptides in the limbic region of rat brain including pGlu-Glu-Pro-NH2 (EEP), pGlu-Val-Pro-NH, (Val(2) -TRH), Leu(2) -TRH, Phe(2) -TRH and Tyr(2)-TRH has recently been discovered. TRH (pGlu-His-Pro-NH2) has antidepressant, neuroprotcetive, analeptic, anticonvulsant, antiamnesic and euphoric properties, and other TRH-like peptides such as EEP exert several of these effects. A new TRH receptor (TRHR2) has been reported which is highly expressed in regions of rat brain that regulate attention and learning, arousal, sleep and processing of sensory information. The TRHR1 predominates in limbic structures involved in regulation of mood and in pituitary. This study examined the possibility that some of the newly discovered TRH-like peptides bind with high affinity to TRHR2, and that this receptor acts as the transducer for some of the CNS effects of this new class of neuropeptides. EEP, Val(2)-TRH and Leu(2)-TRH were analeptics, like TRH, but Phe(2) -TRH and Tyr2-TRH were not. The affinity and efficacy of TRH-like peptides for TRHR1 and TRHR2 were measured in HEK293 cells stably expressing these receptors. The IC50 values of TRH-like peptides for displacement of [H-3]TRH from TRHR2 were TRH <<< (Leu(2)-, Phe(2) -TRH)<(Gln(2)-, Ser(2) -TRH) << (Val(2) -, Tyr(2)-, Arg(2)-, Thr(2)-, and Glu(2) -TRH). The IC50 for Leu(2)-TRH was about 100 times that for TRH. When tested at the calculated IC50 values, TRH-like peptides stimulated calcium responses in cells expressing TRHR1 and TRHR2, indicating that the peptides act as weak agonists at both receptors. These results indicate that TRHR1 and TRHR2 do not mediate the behavioral effects of TRH-like peptides. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Psychiat & Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Hinkle, PM (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Box 711,601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 19974] NR 18 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAY 10 PY 2002 VL 935 IS 1-2 BP 59 EP 64 AR PII S0006-8993(02)02454-X DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02454-X PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 555PN UT WOS:000175802600008 PM 12062473 ER PT J AU Brkanac, Z Fernandez, M Matsushita, M Lipe, H Wolff, J Bird, TD Raskind, WH AF Brkanac, Z Fernandez, M Matsushita, M Lipe, H Wolff, J Bird, TD Raskind, WH TI Autosomal dominant sensory/motor neuropathy with ataxia (SMNA): Linkage to chromosome 7q22-q32 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE sensory ataxia; cerebellar ataxia; sensory/motor neuropathy; linkage ID SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; INHERITANCE; GENOTYPE; POLYNEUROPATHY; DISEASE; FAMILY; LOCUS; MAPS AB The autosomal dominant (AD) spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) and hereditary sensory neuropathies (HSN) are heterogeneous disorders characterized by variable clinical, electrophysiological, and neuropathological profiles. The SCAs are clinically characterized by slowly progressive incoordination of gait often associated with poor coordination of hands, speech, and eyes. Peripheral neuropathy is not a frequent part of the SCA syndrome. In contrast, the HSNs are primarily characterized by progressive sensory loss. There is substantial clinical overlap between the various SCAs and the various HSNs, and they often cannot be differentiated on the basis of clinical or neuro-imaging studies. We have identified a five-generation American family of Irish ancestry with a unique neurological disorder displaying an AD pattern of inheritance. There was variable expressivity and severity of symptoms including sensory loss, ataxia, pyramidal tract signs, and muscle weakness. Nerve conduction studies were consistent with a sensory axonal neuropathy. Muscle biopsy revealed neurogenic atrophy and brain MRI showed mild cerebellar atrophy. To identify the responsible locus we pursued a whole genome linkage analysis. After analyzing 114 markers, linkage to D7S486 was detected with a two point LOD score of 4.79 at theta = 0.00. Evaluation of additional markers in the region provided a maximum LOD score of 6.36 at theta = 0.00 for marker D7S2554. Haplotype analysis delimited an approximately 14-cM region at 7q22-q32 between markers D7S2418 and D7S1804 cosegregating with the disease. Because this disorder does not easily fall into either the SCA or HSN categories, it is designated sensory/motor neuropathy with ataxia (SMNA). (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res & Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, VISN Mental Illness Res Ctr 20, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Educ Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Clin, Seattle, WA USA. RP Bird, TD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Geriatr Res Serv, S-182-GRECC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [1 T32 AG00258-01A1] NR 25 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0148-7299 J9 AM J MED GENET JI Am. J. Med. Genet. PD MAY 8 PY 2002 VL 114 IS 4 BP 450 EP 457 DI 10.1002/ajmg.10361 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 547WM UT WOS:000175355800013 PM 11992570 ER PT J AU Lu, S Hoestje, SM Choo, EM Epner, DE AF Lu, S Hoestje, SM Choo, EM Epner, DE TI Methionine restriction induces apoptosis of prostate cancer cells via the c-Jun N-terminal kinase-mediated signaling pathway SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article DE methionine; neoplasms; prostate; signal transduction; apoptosis ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASES; CYTOCHROME-C; METABOLIC DEFECT; TISSUE-CULTURE; JNK ACTIVATION; BCL-2 FAMILY; IN-VIVO; GROWTH; TUMOR; MITOCHONDRIA AB Tumors are relatively more sensitive to methionine restriction than corresponding normal tissues, a phenomenon known as methionine auxotrophy. The current studies were undertaken to elucidate the molecular mechanisms for methionine auxotrophy of prostate cancer cells. We found that the activity of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) increased dramatically in response to methionine restriction. Over expression of wild type JNK1 by transient transfection enhanced apoptosis in response to methionine restriction, whereas over expression of a kinase inactive mutant of JNK1 protected PC-3 human prostate cancer cells from apoptosis. We conclude that JNK1 plays a critical role in signaling cancer cells to undergo apoptosis in response to methionine restriction. Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Med Serv 111H, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Epner, DE (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [1F32 CA80333, R29CA78355] NR 49 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD MAY 8 PY 2002 VL 179 IS 1 BP 51 EP 58 AR PII S0304-3835(01)00852-7 DI 10.1016/S0304-3835(01)00852-7 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 542CW UT WOS:000175026800007 PM 11880182 ER PT J AU Cummings, JL Cole, G AF Cummings, JL Cole, G TI Alzheimer disease SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; QUALITY STANDARDS SUBCOMMITTEE; ACADEMY-OF-NEUROLOGY; DOUBLE-BLIND; PRACTICE PARAMETER; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; RISK-FACTORS; DEMENTIA; POPULATION; INHIBITORS C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Cummings, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Neurol, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG16570] NR 49 TC 241 Z9 252 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 8 PY 2002 VL 287 IS 18 BP 2335 EP 2338 DI 10.1001/jama.287.18.2335 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 548PF UT WOS:000175397000002 PM 11988038 ER PT J AU Stone, EG Morton, SC Hulscher, ME Maglione, MA Roth, EA Grimshaw, JM Mittman, BS Rubenstein, LV Rubenstein, LZ Shekelle, PG AF Stone, EG Morton, SC Hulscher, ME Maglione, MA Roth, EA Grimshaw, JM Mittman, BS Rubenstein, LV Rubenstein, LZ Shekelle, PG TI Interventions that increase use of adult immunization and cancer screening services: A meta-analysis SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; INFLUENZA VACCINATION RATES; FECAL OCCULT BLOOD; INNER-CITY WOMEN; COLORECTAL-CANCER; CERVICAL-CANCER; GENERAL-PRACTICE; PREVENTIVE CARE; BREAST-CANCER; MAMMOGRAPHY UTILIZATION AB Purpose: The relative effectiveness of the diverse approaches used to promote preventive care activities, such as cancer screening and adult immunization, is unknown. Despite many high-quality published studies, practices and policymakers attempting to improve preventive care have little definitive information on which to base decisions. Thus, we quantitatively assessed the relative effectiveness of previously studied approaches for improving adherence to adult immunization and cancer screening guidelines. Data Sources: MEDLINE, the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care Review Group register, previous systematic reviews, and the Medicare Health Care Quality Improvement Project database. Study Selection: Controlled clinical trials that assessed interventions to increase use of immunizations for influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia and screening for colon, breast, and cervical cancer in adults. Data Extraction: Two reviewers independently extracted data on characteristics and outcomes from unmasked articles. Intervention components to increase use of services were classified as reminder, feedback, education, financial incentive, legislative action, organizational change, or mass media campaign. \ Data Synthesis: Of 552 abstracts and articles, 108 met the inclusion criteria. To assess the effect of intervention components, meta-regression models were developed for immunizations and each cancer screening service by using 81 studies with a usual care or control group. The most potent intervention types involved organizational change (the adjusted odds ratios for increased use of services from organizational change ranged from 2.47 to 17.6). Organizational change interventions included the use of separate clinics devoted to prevention, use of a planned care visit for prevention, or designation of nonphysician staff to do specific prevention activities. The next most effective intervention components were patient financial incentives (adjusted odds ratios, 1.82 to 3.42) and patient reminders (adjusted odds ratios, 1.74 to 2.75); the adjusted odds ratios ranged from 1.29 to 1.53 for patient education and from 1.10 to 1.76 for feedback. Conclusions: Rates of adult immunization and cancer screening are most likely to improve when a health care organization supports performance of these activities through organizational changes in staffing and clinical procedures. Involving patients in self-management through patient financial incentives and reminders is also likely to positively affect performance. C1 RAND Corp, So Calif Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Hlth Div, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Greater Los Angeles Vet Adm Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Ctr Study Hlth Care Provider Behav, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Nijmegen, Ctr Qual Care Res, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Univ Aberdeen, Hlth Serv Res Unit, Aberdeen, Scotland. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), RAND Corp, So Calif Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Hlth Div, 1700 Main St,POB 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. RI Grimshaw, Jeremy/D-8726-2013; Hulscher, Marlies/B-1229-2014 OI Grimshaw, Jeremy/0000-0001-8015-8243 NR 91 TC 386 Z9 390 U1 5 U2 25 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 7 PY 2002 VL 136 IS 9 BP 641 EP 651 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 547XK UT WOS:000175357900001 PM 11992299 ER PT J AU Oboler, SK Prochazka, AV Gonzales, R Xu, S Anderson, RJ AF Oboler, SK Prochazka, AV Gonzales, R Xu, S Anderson, RJ TI Public expectations and attitudes for annual physical examinations and testing SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ADULTS; CARE AB Background: Recent guidelines for adult prevention do not recommend a comprehensive annual physical examination, but current public expectations in light of this change are unknown. Objective: To determine public belief in the need for and content of an annual physical examination and to examine the effect of financial charges on these beliefs. Design: Telephone survey. Setting: Three U.S. cities. Participants: Adult English-speaking respondents. Measurements: Percentage of respondents answering that an annual physical examination is necessary and percentage desiring individual components of the history, physical examination, and laboratory testing, with and without knowledge of charges. Results: Of 1203 respondents, 66% (67% in Denver, Colorado; 71% in Boston, Massachusetts; and 58% in San Diego, California) believed that in addition to regular care, an annual physical examination is necessary, Among the 600 respondents presented with charge information, interest decreased from 63% to 33% if payment were required. For history, greater than 90% believed that diet, exercise, and tobacco and alcohol use should be discussed, while 60% believed that seatbelt use and sexual history should be discussed. For the physical examination, greater than 90% felt that blood pressure should be measured and that the heart and lungs, abdomen, reflexes, and prostate should be examined. However, fewer than 80% thought that hearing and vision should be tested. Many tests, including the Papanicolaou smear (75%), mammography (71%), cholesterol measurement (65%), prostate-specific antigen test (65%), urinalysis (40%), blood glucose measurement (41%), fecal occult blood testing (39%), and chest radiography (36%), were desired. Interest in these tests decreased substantially when the charges were known. Conclusion: Public desire for a comprehensive annual physical examination is high across the United States and is sensitive to charges. C1 Denver Kaiser Permanente, Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Oboler, SK (reprint author), Denver Kaiser Permanente, Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 29 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 7 PY 2002 VL 136 IS 9 BP 652 EP 659 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 547XK UT WOS:000175357900002 PM 11992300 ER PT J AU Baumgarten, G Knuefermann, P Kalra, D Gao, F Taffet, GE Michael, L Blackshear, PJ Carballo, E Sivasubramanian, N Mann, DL AF Baumgarten, G Knuefermann, P Kalra, D Gao, F Taffet, GE Michael, L Blackshear, PJ Carballo, E Sivasubramanian, N Mann, DL TI Load-dependent and -independent regulation of proinflammatory cytokine and cytokine receptor gene expression in the adult mammalian heart SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE hypertrophy; gene expression; growth factors; cytokines; remodeling ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; FELINE MYOCARDIUM; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; TRANSGENIC MICE; PATHWAY; FAILURE AB Background-Although previous studies have examined the effects of acute hemodynamic pressure overload on proinflammatory cytokine gene expression, the effects of sustained hemodynamic overloading have not been examined. Methods and Results-Sustained hemodynamic pressure overloading was produced in mice by transverse constriction of the aorta. Proinflammatory cytokine and cytokine receptor gene expression were determined by ribonuclease protection assays (RPA) at 6 hours and at 3, 7, 14 and 35 days after banding. M-mode echocardiography was used to assess left ventricular structure and function at identical time points. RPA showed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-6 mRNA levels were maximal at 6 hours and returned to baseline levels within 72 hours. There was a significant increase in IL-1RII and IL-6Ralpha receptor mRNA levels after overloading but no significant increase in TNFR1, TNFR2, IL-1RI, or gp130 mRNA levels. The transient increase in expression of proinflammatory cytokine gene expression was not explained by changes in left ventricular loading conditions, left ventricular wall stress, desensitization of proinflammatory genes, or decreased nuclear factor-kappabeta activation. It is interesting that transverse constriction of the aorta provoked an increase in the expression of tristetraprolin, a homeostatic zinc finger protein that is known to destabilize TNF mRNA. Conclusion-Sustained hemodynamic overloading provokes a transient increase in proinflammatory cytokine and cytokine receptor gene expression; however, the decrease in proinflammatory cytokine gene expression occurred in the absence of changes in loading conditions, suggesting that the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the heart is regulated, at least in part, by load-dependent and load-independent mechanisms. C1 Houston VAMC, Dept Med, Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, DeBakey Heart Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Mann, DL (reprint author), Houston VAMC, Dept Med, Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res, MS 524,6565 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030 USA. OI Mann, Douglas /0000-0002-2516-0145 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL61543-01, R01 HL58081-01, P50 HL-O6H, HL-42250-10/10] NR 14 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 7 PY 2002 VL 105 IS 18 BP 2192 EP 2197 DI 10.1161/01.CIR.0000015608.37608.18 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 550KK UT WOS:000175502000014 PM 11994254 ER PT J AU Shi, YY Hsu, JH Hu, LP Gera, J Lichtenstein, A AF Shi, YY Hsu, JH Hu, LP Gera, J Lichtenstein, A TI Signal pathways involved in activation of p70(S6K) and phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 following exposure of multiple myeloma tumor cells to interleukin-6 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID P70 S6 KINASE; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; PLASMA-CELLS; AKT KINASE; IN-VITRO; APOPTOSIS; RAPAMYCIN; GROWTH; SURVIVAL; INSULIN AB Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a prominent tumor growth factor for malignant multiple myeloma cells. In addition to its known activation of the Janus tyrosine kinase-STAT and RAS-MEK-ERK pathways, recent work suggests that IL-6 can also activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)/AKT kinase pathway in myeloma cells. Because activation of the PI3-K/AKT as well as RAS-MEK-ERK pathways may result in downstream stimulation of the p70(S6K) (p70) and phosphorylation of the 4E-BP1 translational repressor, we assessed these potential molecular targets in IL-6-treated myeloma cells. IL-6 rapidly activated p70 kinase activity and p70 phosphorylation. Activation was inhibited by wortmannin, rapamycin, and the ERK inhibitors PD98059 and UO126, as well as by a dominant negative mutant of AKT. The concurrent requirements for both ERK and PI3-K/AKT appeared to be a result of their ability to phosphorylate p70 on different residues. In contrast, IL-6-induced phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 was inhibited by rapamycin, wortmannin, and dominant negative ART but ERK inhibitors had no effect, indicating ERK function was dispensable. In keeping with these data, a dominant active AKT mutant was sufficient to induce 4E-BP1 phosphorylation but could not by itself activate p70 kinase activity. Prevention of IL-6-induced p70 activation and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation by the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors rapamycin and CCI-779 resulted in inhibition of IL-6-induced myeloma cell growth. These results indicate that both ERK and PI3-K/AKT pathways are required for optimal IL-6-induced p70 activity, but PI3-K/AKT is sufficient for 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. Both effects are mediated via mammalian target of rapamycin function, and, furthermore, these effects are critical for IL-6-induced tumor cell growth. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Lichtenstein, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 45 TC 72 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 3 PY 2002 VL 277 IS 18 BP 15712 EP 15720 DI 10.1074/jbc.M200043200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 550PA UT WOS:000175510400067 PM 11872747 ER PT J AU Israel, Y Lieber, CS AF Israel, Y Lieber, CS TI The Research Society on Alcoholism SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article DE alcoholism; biomedical; history; psychosocial; research; society AB Until the 1960s, the small amount of federal funding available in the alcohol field in the USA was provided by a division of the Alcohol, Drug and Mental Health Administration. In the late 1960s. the National Council on Alcoholism (NCA) joined the American Medical Society on Alcoholism (AMSA. which accepted only physicians). A group of physicians at NCA-AMSA felt that progress in our field needed the concerted effort of both physicians and non-physician scientists, creating the Research Society on Alcoholism (RSA) in 1977. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) had been created a few years earlier. From 2 50 members in 19 78, the RSA has grown to 1500 in 2001, with a ratio of about three PhDs (with specialities that range from gene therapy to social policy) to each MD. The society holds yearly meetings-visitors can find more information oil the web page (http://www.RSoA.org). The society publishes the journal Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. RSA committees are active in presenting the most recent findings to the public and to elected representatives, and in making recommendations on areas of research that need funding. C1 Thomas Jefferson Univ, Alcohol Res Ctr, Dept Pathol Anat & Cell Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Univ Chile, Millennium Inst Adv Res, Santiago, Chile. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Alcohol Res Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Bronx, NY USA. RP Israel, Y (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Univ, Alcohol Res Ctr, Dept Pathol Anat & Cell Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD MAY PY 2002 VL 97 IS 5 BP 483 EP 486 DI 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00012.x PG 4 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 548UW UT WOS:000175409100003 PM 12033649 ER PT J AU Aspinall, MB Whittle, J Aspinall, SL Maher, RL Good, CB AF Aspinall, MB Whittle, J Aspinall, SL Maher, RL Good, CB TI Improving adverse-drug-reaction reporting in ambulatory care clinics at a Veterans Affairs hospital SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Article DE ambulatory care; data collection; Department of Veterans Affairs; drugs, adverse reactions; pharmacy, institutional, hospital; reports ID MEDWATCH; OUTPATIENTS; MEDICATION AB The detection of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) by a traditional passive reporting system and by a method involving patient and provider interviews was studied. The study sample consisted of randomly selected outpatients seen by their primary care provider during scheduled appointments in January and February 2001 at a Veterans Affairs medical center. After ambulatory care clinic sessions, patients and providers were asked (by telephone and in person, respectively) to identify potential ADRs. Also obtained were demographic data, information about drug regimens, and the severity and management of each ADR. A standardized ADR-assessment tool was used to determine the severity of each reported reaction and its causal relationship with the medication. A total of 198 patients were included. Of these, 51 (26%) had one or more ADRs. The patient and provider interviews identified a total of 83 ADRs, compared with I ADR identified by the passive reporting system. When providers were made aware of the ADRs they had not identified, changes were made to the patient's medication regimen in 34% of cases. The risk of an ADR was not associated with age, number of medications, or provider type. Direct patient and provider interviews yielded a significantly higher rate of ADR, detection in an ambulatory care setting than did a passive ADR-reporting system. C1 UPMC Healthcare Syst, Rx Partners LTC, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Div Gen & Geriatr Med, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. Kansas City VA Med Ctr, Kansas City, KS USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharm & Therapeut, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Duquesne Univ, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharm & Therapeut, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. VA Pharm Benefits Management Strateg Care Grp, Med Advisory Panel, Washington, DC USA. RP Aspinall, MB (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Pharm 132M U, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD MAY 1 PY 2002 VL 59 IS 9 BP 841 EP 845 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 548BH UT WOS:000175368000014 PM 12004462 ER PT J AU Slaughter, A Pasero, C Manworren, R AF Slaughter, A Pasero, C Manworren, R TI Unacceptable pain levels SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Childrens Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. RP Pasero, C (reprint author), W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 102 IS 5 BP 75 EP + PG 2 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 550QJ UT WOS:000175513500048 PM 12006857 ER PT J AU Berg, AO AF Berg, AO TI Screening for skin cancer: Recommendations and rationale SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Prevent Serv Task Force, Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Clin Prevent Serv, Ctr Practice & Technol Assessment, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Family Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Nursing, San Antonio, TX USA. Tri Cty Family Med, Cohocton, NY USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA. Natl Initiat Childrens Healthcare Qual, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care, Dept Ambulatory Care & Prevent, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. Robert Wood Johnson Fdn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Brown Univ, Women & Infants Hosp, Providence, RI USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Med, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. Merck & Co Inc, Outcomes Res & Management, W Point, PA USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, New York, NY 10032 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ Med Coll Virginia, Dept Family Practice, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Berg, AO (reprint author), US Prevent Serv Task Force, Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Clin Prevent Serv, Ctr Practice & Technol Assessment, 6010 Exectur Blvd,Suite 300, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 102 IS 5 BP 97 EP + PG 3 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 550QJ UT WOS:000175513500052 ER PT J AU Corless, CL McGreevey, L Haley, A Town, A Heinrich, MC AF Corless, CL McGreevey, L Haley, A Town, A Heinrich, MC TI KIT mutations are common in incidental gastrointestinal stromal tumors one centimeter or less in size SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OF-FUNCTION MUTATION; C-KIT; GERMLINE MUTATION; MUSCLE TUMORS; KINASE DOMAIN; GENE; LEIOMYOMAS; PROGNOSIS; DIAGNOSIS; EXON-13 AB Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal neoplasms of the gut wall that express the receptor tyrosine kinase KIT. Somatic mutations that result in constitutive activation of KIT kinase have been identified in a number of studies of GISTs, although the reported frequency of these mutations has varied over a wide range (20 to 92%). Several reports have suggested that KIT gene mutations are more common in malignant GISTs than in benign lesions, and it has been proposed that mutations in exon 11 of KIT are a negative prognostic factor. To maximize sensitivity for KIT mutations we have adapted denaturing high-pressure liquid chromatography as a method for screening polymerase chain reaction amplimers of exons 9, 11, 13, and 17 from GIST genomic DNA. This approach was used to assess the frequency of KIT mutations in 13 morphologically benign, incidentally discovered, GISTs identified at autopsy, endoscopy, or laparotomy for unrelated disease. Representing the smallest pathologically recognizable GISTs, these lesions ranged in size from 4 to 10 mm in diameter and were all immunohistochemically positive for KIT. Eleven of the 13 tumors had sequence-confirmed mutations in KIT, including 10 mutations in exon 11 (77%) and one mutation in exon 9 (7.7%). The remaining two tumors were wild type for exons 9, 11, and 17; one of these was also analyzed for exon 13 and was wild type in this exon as well. The mutations found in the incidental GISTs were identical to those that have been documented in larger GISTs. In addition, the overall frequency of mutations in the incidental tumors (85%) did not differ significantly from that we previously reported in a series of 72 advanced/metastatic GISTs (86%), strongly supporting the view that activating mutations in KIT are acquired very early in the development of most GISTs. The findings suggest that KIT mutations per se are of little prognostic importance in GISTs. C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Pathol L471, Div Hematol Oncol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Corless, CL (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Pathol L471, Div Hematol Oncol, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 26 TC 319 Z9 341 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 160 IS 5 BP 1567 EP 1572 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)61103-0 PG 6 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 549VV UT WOS:000175468200005 PM 12000708 ER PT J AU Miampamba, M Maillot, C Million, M Tache, Y AF Miampamba, M Maillot, C Million, M Tache, Y TI Peripheral CRF activates myenteric neurons in the proximal colon through CRF1 receptor in conscious rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acetylcholine; corticotropin-releasing factor; CP-154,526; enteric nervous system; Fos; NADPH-diaphorase ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; ENTERIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; PIG SMALL-INTESTINE; VESICULAR ACETYLCHOLINE TRANSPORTER; GUINEA-PIG; CHOLINERGIC NEURONS; FOS EXPRESSION; MOTOR-ACTIVITY; C-FOS AB Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) injected peripherally induces clustered spike-burst activity in the proximal colon through CRF1 receptors in rats. We investigated the effect of intraperitoneal CRF on proximal colon ganglionic myenteric cell activity in conscious rats using Fos immunohistochemistry on the colonic longitudinal muscle/myenteric plexus whole mount preparation. In vehicle-pretreated rats, there were only a few Fos immunoreactive (IR) cells per ganglion (1.2 +/- 0.6). CRF (10 mug/kg ip) induced Fos expression in 19.6 +/- 2.1 cells/ ganglion. The CRF1/CRF2 antagonist astressin (33 mug/kg ip) and the selective CRF1 antagonist CP-154,526 (20 mg/kg sc) prevented intraperitoneal CRF-induced Fos expression in the proximal colon (number of Fos-IR cells/ ganglion: 2.7 +/- 1.2 and 1.0 +/- 1.0, respectively), whereas atropine (1 mg/kg sc) had no effect. Double labeling of Fos with protein gene product 9.5 revealed the neuronal identity of activated cells that were encircled by varicose fibers immunoreactive to vesicular acetylcholine transporter. Fos immunoreactivity was mainly present in choline acetyltransferase-IR nerve cell bodies but not in the NADPH-diaphorase-positive cells. These results indicate that peripheral CRF activates myenteric cholinergic neurons in the proximal colon through CRF1 receptor. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis,CURE DDRC, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Miampamba, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis,CURE DDRC, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Bldg 115,Rm 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-57238-01A1S1, DK-57238, DK-41301] NR 56 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 282 IS 5 BP G857 EP G865 DI 10.1152/ajpgi.00434.2001 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 542QL UT WOS:000175055800014 PM 11960782 ER PT J AU Holschneider, DP Scremin, OU Chialvo, DR Chen, K Shih, JC AF Holschneider, DP Scremin, OU Chialvo, DR Chen, K Shih, JC TI Heart rate dynamics in monoamine oxidase-A- and -B-deficient mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE serotonin; norepinephrine; cholinergic; arrhythmia; heart rate variability; vagus nerve; sympathetic; parasympathetic ID NUCLEUS-TRACTUS-SOLITARIUS; ADAPTIVE-CHANGES; RATE-VARIABILITY; SEROTONIN; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RECEPTORS; LACKING; ARRHYTHMIAS AB Heart rate (HR) dynamics were investigated in mice deficient in monoamine oxidase A and B, whose phenotype includes elevated tissue levels of norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and phenylethylamine. In their home cages, spectral analysis of R-R intervals revealed more pronounced fluctuations at all frequencies in the mutants compared with wild-type controls, with a particular enhancement at 1-4 Hz. No significant genotypic differences in HR variability (HRV) or entropies calculated from Poincare' plots of the R-R intervals were noted. During exposure to the stress of a novel environment, HR increased and HRV decreased in both genotypes. However, mutants, unlike controls, demonstrated a rapid return to baseline HR during the 10-min exposure. Such modulation may result from an enhanced vagal tone, as suggested by the observation that mutants responded to cholinergic blockade with a decrease in HRV and a prolonged tachycardia greater than controls. Monoamine oxidase-deficient mice may represent a useful experimental model for studying compensatory mechanisms responsible for changes in HR dynamics in chronic states of high sympathetic tone. C1 Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Cell & Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Pharm, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Toxicol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Greater Los Angeles Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Holschneider, DP (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, LAC USC Hosp, 1200 N State St,Rm 10-621, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RI Chialvo, Dante/A-4658-2009 OI Chialvo, Dante/0000-0002-1038-3637 FU NIMH NIH HHS [R37 MH039085, K05 MH-00796, R01 MH-37020, R01-MH-NS-62148, R37-MH-39085]; NINDS NIH HHS [K23 NS062148] NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 282 IS 5 BP H1751 EP H1759 DI 10.1152/ajpheart.00600.2001 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 541XK UT WOS:000175011700023 PM 11959640 ER PT J AU Janech, MG Chen, RH Klein, J Nowak, MW McFee, W Paul, RV Fitzgibbon, WR Ploth, DW AF Janech, MG Chen, RH Klein, J Nowak, MW McFee, W Paul, RV Fitzgibbon, WR Ploth, DW TI Molecular and functional characterization of a urea transporter from the kidney of a short-finned pilot whale SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2000 Meeting CY APR 14-19, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CA DE urea reabsorption; cetaceans; osmoregulation; urinary concentration ID RAT-KIDNEY; DELPHINAPTERUS-LEUCAS; COLLECTING DUCTS; NITRIC-OXIDE; CLONING; VASOPRESSIN; EXPRESSION; LOCALIZATION; ARGINASE; TESTIS AB Cetaceans (whales and dolphins) always excrete urine with an osmolality markedly higher than that of plasma. Although the mechanisms by which cetaceans concentrate urine have not been elucidated, data support a role for medullary urea accumulation in this process, as is the case for terrestrial mammals. Therefore, we hypothesized that facilitated urea transporters are present in the kidney of cetaceans. Using 5'/3'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, we cloned a 2.7-kb cDNA from the kidney of the short-finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus. The putative open-reading frame encoded a 397-amino acid protein [pilot whale urea transporter A2 (whUT-A2)] that has 94% amino acid sequence identity to the A2 isoform of the human urea transporter (hUT-A2). Heterologous expression of whUT-A2 cRNA in Xenopus oocytes induced phloretin-inhibitable urea transport. Although Northern analysis and RT-PCR indicated that whUT-A2 was exclusively expressed in kidney, Western blotting using a polyclonal antibody to rat UT-A1/UT-A2 detected various immunoreactive proteins in kidney and other tissues. Furthermore, RT-PCR analysis suggested the presence of alternatively spliced UT-A transcripts in the kidney as well as extrarenal tissues. We conclude that renal urea transporters are highly conserved among mammals inhabiting terrestrial and pelagic environments. A urea-based concentrating mechanism, presumably evolved to meet the demands of an arid terrestrial environment, may have contributed a fortuitous preadaptation that enabled the ancestors of cetaceans to reinvade the sea. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Marine Biomed & Environm Sci, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, US Dept Commerce, NOAA, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Med, Div Renal, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Fitzgibbon, WR (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 96 Jonathan Lucas St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM fitzgiwr@musc.edu OI Nowak, Mark/0000-0001-5097-2682 NR 52 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 EI 1522-1490 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 282 IS 5 BP R1490 EP R1500 DI 10.1152/ajpregu.00323.2001 PG 11 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 541MC UT WOS:000174987500031 PM 11959693 ER PT J AU Moonga, BS Li, S Iqbal, J Davidson, R Shankar, VS Bevis, PJR Inzerillo, A Abe, E Huang, CLH Zaidi, M AF Moonga, BS Li, S Iqbal, J Davidson, R Shankar, VS Bevis, PJR Inzerillo, A Abe, E Huang, CLH Zaidi, M TI Ca(2+) influx through the osteoclastic plasma membrane ryanodine receptor SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE osteoclast; calcium receptor; calcium channels; osteoporosis; calcium ID CALCIUM-SENSING RECEPTOR; EXTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; RELEASE CHANNEL; INOSITOL TRISPHOSPHATE; RAT OSTEOCLASTS; CYTOSOLIC CA2+; CA-2+ RECEPTOR; CELLS; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION AB We predict that the type 2 ryanodine receptor isoform (RyR-2) located in the osteoclastic membrane functions as a Ca(2+) influx channel and as a divalent cation (Ca(2+)) sensor. Cytosolic Ca(2+) measurements revealed Ca(2+) influx in osteoclasts at depolarized membrane potentials. The cytosolic Ca(2+) change was, as expected, not seen in Ca(2+)-free medium and was blocked by the RyR modulator ryanodine. In contrast, at basal membrane potentials (similar to25 mV) ryanodine triggered extracellular Ca(2+) influx that was blocked by Ni(2+). In parallel, single-channel recordings obtained from inside-out excised patches revealed a divalent cation-selective similar to60-pS conductance in symmetric solutions of Ba-aspartate [Ba-Asp; reversal potential (E(rev)) similar to0 mV]. In the presence of a Ba(2+) gradient, i.e., with Ba-Asp in the pipette and Na-Asp in the bath, channel conductance increased to similar to120 pS and Erev shifted to 21 mV. The conductance was tentatively classified as a RyR-gated Ca(2+) channel as it displayed characteristic metastable states and was sensitive to ruthenium red and a specific anti-RyR antibody, Ab(34). To demonstrate that extracellular Ca(2+) sensing occurred at the osteoclastic surface rather than intracellularly, we performed protease protection assays using pronase. Preincubation with pronase resulted in markedly attenuated cytosolic Ca(2+) signals triggered by either Ni(2+) (5 mM) or Cd(2+) (50 muM). Finally, intracellular application of antiserum Ab 34 potently inhibited divalent cation sensing. Together, these results strongly suggest the existence of 1) a membrane-resident Ca(2+) influx channel sensitive to RyR modulators; 2) an extracellular, as opposed to intracellular, divalent cation activation site; and 3) a cytosolic CaM-binding regulatory site for RyR. It is likely therefore that the surface RyR-2 not only gates Ca(2+) influx but also functions as a sensor for extracellular divalent cations. C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Endocrinol, Mt Sinai Bone Program, Dept Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Geriatr, Mt Sinai Bone Program, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, New York, NY 10029 USA. NYU, Sch Dent, Div Basic Sci, New York, NY 10010 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Physiol, Cambridge CB2 3EG, England. RP Zaidi, M (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Endocrinol, Mt Sinai Bone Program, Dept Med, POB 1055,1 Gustave Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM mone.zaidi@mssm.edu RI Huang, Christopher/A-6248-2008 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01-AG-14917-05] NR 46 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1931-857X J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 282 IS 5 BP F921 EP F932 DI 10.1152/ajprenal.00045.2000 PG 12 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA 537VA UT WOS:000174779200018 PM 11934703 ER PT J AU Koenigsberg, HW Harvey, PD Mitropoulou, V Schmeidler, J New, AS Goodman, M Silverman, JM Serby, M Schopick, F Siever, LJ AF Koenigsberg, HW Harvey, PD Mitropoulou, V Schmeidler, J New, AS Goodman, M Silverman, JM Serby, M Schopick, F Siever, LJ TI Characterizing affective instability in borderline personality disorder SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID IMPULSIVITY; INTENSITY AB Objective: This study sought to understand affective instability among patients with borderline personality disorder by examining the degree of instability in six affective domains. The authors also examined the subjective intensity with which moods are experienced and the association between instability and intensity of affect. Method: In a group of 152 patients with personality disorders, subjective affective intensity and six dimensions of affective instability were measured. The mean scores for lability and intensity for each affective domain for patients with borderline personality disorder were compared with those of patients with other personality disorders through analyses that controlled for other axis I affective disorders, age, and sex. Results: Greater lability in terms of anger and anxiety and oscillation between depression and anxiety, but not in terms of oscillation between depression and elation, was associated with borderline personality disorder. Contrary to expectation, the experience of an increase in subjective affective intensity was not more prominent in patients with borderline personality disorder than in those with other personality disorders. Conclusions: By applying a finer-grained perspective on affective instability than those of previous personality disorder studies, this study points to patterns of affective experience characteristic of patients with borderline personality disorder. C1 Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Patient Care Ctr 116A, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Koenigsberg, HW (reprint author), Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Patient Care Ctr 116A, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00071]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-42827] NR 17 TC 203 Z9 207 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 159 IS 5 BP 784 EP 788 DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.159.5.784 PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 548BD UT WOS:000175367400015 PM 11986132 ER PT J AU Glynn, SM Marder, SR Liberman, RP Blair, K Wirshing, WC Wirshing, DA Ross, D Mintz, J AF Glynn, SM Marder, SR Liberman, RP Blair, K Wirshing, WC Wirshing, DA Ross, D Mintz, J TI Supplementing clinic-based skills training with manual-based community support sessions: Effects on social adjustment of patients with schizophrenia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Congress on Schizophrenia CY APR 17-21, 1999 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO ID TREATMENT-RESISTANT SCHIZOPHRENIA; RISPERIDONE; HALOPERIDOL; ILLNESS; THERAPY; MEMORY AB Objective: Although skills training is a validated psychosocial treatment for schizophrenia, generalization of the skills to everyday life has not been optimal. This study evaluated a behaviorally oriented method of augmenting clinic-based skills training in the community with the aim of improving opportunities, encouragement, and reinforcement for outpatients to use their skills in their natural environment. Method: Sixty-three individuals with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to 60 weeks of clinic-based skills training alone or of clinic-based skills training supplemented with manual-based generalization sessions in the community. Patients were also randomly assigned to receive either haloperidol or risperidone. Therapists' fidelity to the manuals was measured. Patients' acquisition of the skills from pre- to posttraining was evaluated. The primary outcome measures were the Social Adjustment Scale-II and the Quality of Life Scale. Results: Seventy-one percent of the patients completed the trial. Only six participants experienced psychotic exacerbations during the trial. There was no evidence of a differential medication effect on social functioning. Social functioning improved modestly in both psychosocial conditions over time; participants who received augmented skills training in the community showed significantly greater and/or quicker improvements. Conclusions: Given judicious and effective antipsychotic medication that limited exacerbations to less than 10% during the trial, a wide range of outpatients with schizophrenia demonstrated substantial learning of illness management and social skills in the clinic. When clinic-based skills training was augmented by in vivo training and consultation, transfer of the skills to everyday life was enhanced. These benefits were established regardless of the medications prescribed. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst W Los Angel, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Glynn, SM (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst W Los Angel, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-49573] NR 23 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 159 IS 5 BP 829 EP 837 DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.159.5.829 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 548BD UT WOS:000175367400021 PM 11986138 ER PT J AU Xie, AL Skatrud, JB Puleo, DS Rahko, PS Dempsey, JA AF Xie, AL Skatrud, JB Puleo, DS Rahko, PS Dempsey, JA TI Apnea-hypopnea threshold for CO2 in patients with congestive heart failure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE congestive heart failure; apnea threshold ID CENTRAL SLEEP-APNEA; CHEYNE-STOKES RESPIRATION; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; ZOLPIDEM; INHIBITION; CONSEQUENCES; PATHOGENESIS; PRESSURE; PLACEBO; HUMANS AB To understand the pathogenesis of central sleep apnea (CSA) in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), we measured the end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PETCO2) during spontaneous breathing, the apnea-hypopnea threshold for CO2, and then calculated the difference between these two measurements in 19 stable patients with CHF with (12 patients) or without (7 patients) CSA during non-rapid eye movement sleep. Pressure support ventilation was used to reduce the PETCO2 and thereby determine the thresholds. In patients with CSA, 1.5-3% CO2 was supplied temporarily to stabilize breathing before determining the thresholds. Unlike patients without CSA whose eupneic PETCO2 increased during sleep (37.7 +/- 1.4 mm Hg versus 40.2 +/- 1.5 mm Hg, p < 0.01), patients with CSA showed no rise in PETCO2 from wakefulness to sleep (37.5 +/- 0.9 mm Hg versus 38.2 +/- 1.0 mm Hg, p = 0.2). Patients with CHF and CSA had their eupneic PETCO2 closer to the threshold PETCO2 than patients without CSA (DeltaPET(CO2) [eupneic PETCO2-threshold PETCO2] was 2.8 +/- 0.3 mm Hg versus 5.1 +/- 0.7 mm Hg for apnea, p < 0.01; 1.7 +/- 0.7 versus 4.1 +/- 0.5 mm Hg for hypopnea, p < 0.05). In summary, patients with CHF and CSA neither increase their eupneic PETCO2 during sleep nor proportionally decrease their apnea-hypopnea threshold. The resultant narrowed DeltaPET(CO2) predisposes the patient to the development of apnea and subsequent breathing instability. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Pulm Physiol Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Prevent Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Xie, AL (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Pulm Physiol Lab, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL62561-02] NR 35 TC 116 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAY 1 PY 2002 VL 165 IS 9 BP 1245 EP 1250 DI 10.1164/rccm.200110-022OC PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 547CF UT WOS:000175314900011 PM 11991873 ER PT J AU Nakayama, H Smith, CA Rodman, JR Skatrud, JB Dempsey, JA AF Nakayama, H Smith, CA Rodman, JR Skatrud, JB Dempsey, JA TI Effect of ventilatory drive on carbon dioxide sensitivity below eupnea during sleep SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE sleep apnea; chemoreceptors; hyperventilation; hypoventilation; apneic/hypopneic thresholds ID CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; CHEYNE-STOKES RESPIRATION; HIGH-ALTITUDE; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; APNEIC THRESHOLD; MOTOR OUTPUT; CO2; INHIBITION; HYPOXIA; HUMANS AB We determined the effects of changing ventilatory stimuli on the hypocapnia-induced apneic and hypopneic thresholds in sleeping dogs. End-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PETCO2) was gradually reduced during non-rapid eye movement sleep by increasing tidal volume with pressure support mechanical ventilation, causing a reduction in diaphragm electromyogram amplitude until apnea/periodic breathing occurred. We used the reduction in PETCO2 below spontaneous breathing required to produce apnea (DeltaPET(CO2)) as an index of the susceptibility to apnea. DeltaPET(CO2) was -5 mm Hg in control animals and changed in proportion to background ventilatory drive, increasing with metabolic acidosis (-6.7 mm Hg) and nonhypoxic peripheral chemoreceptor stimulation (almitrine; -5.9 mm Hg) and decreasing with metabolic alkalosis (-3.7 mm Hg). Hypoxia was the exception; DeltaPET(CO2) narrowed (-4.1 mm Hg) despite the accompanying hyperventilation. Thus, hyperventilation and hypocapnia, per se, widened the DeltaPET(CO2) thereby protecting against apnea and hypopnea, whereas reduced ventilatory drive and hypoventilation narrowed the DeltaPET(CO2) and increased the susceptibility to apnea. Hypoxia sensitized the ventilatory responsiveness to CO2 below eupnea and narrowed the DeltaPET(CO2); this effect of hypoxia was not attributable to an imbalance between peripheral and central chemoreceptor stimulation, per se. We conclude that the DeltaPET(CO2) and the ventilatory sensitivity to CO2 between eupnea and the apneic threshold are changeable in the face of variations in the magnitude, direction, and/or type of ventilatory stimulus, thereby altering the susceptibility for apnea, hypopnea, and periodic breathing in sleep. C1 Univ Wisconsin, John Rankin Lab Pulm Med, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Dempsey, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, John Rankin Lab Pulm Med, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Sch Med, 504 N Walnut St, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 53 TC 108 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAY 1 PY 2002 VL 165 IS 9 BP 1251 EP 1259 DI 10.1164/rccm.2110041 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 547CF UT WOS:000175314900012 PM 11991874 ER PT J AU Barton, JB Langdale, LA Cummins, JS Stelzner, M Lynge, DC Mock, CN Nason, KS Billingsley, KG AF Barton, JB Langdale, LA Cummins, JS Stelzner, M Lynge, DC Mock, CN Nason, KS Billingsley, KG TI The utility of routine preoperative computed tomography scanning in the management of veterans with colon cancer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 88th Annual Meeting of the North-Pacific-Surgical-Association CY NOV 09-10, 2001 CL VICTORIA, CANADA SP N Pacific Surg Assoc DE colon neoplasms; tomography; radiograph; computed tomography; surgery; neoplasm metastasis; preoperative care ID COLORECTAL-CARCINOMA; CT AB Background: The aim of this study is to assess the clinical utility of routine preoperative computed tomography (CT) scanning in patients with cancer of the intraperitoneal colon. Methods: From November 1997 to June 2001, all patients at VA Puget Sound Healthcare System with a diagnosis of colon cancer were referred for a preoperative CT scan. Medical records and operative notes were reviewed to determine the influence of preoperative CT on clinical management. Results: Seventy patients received a CT per protocol. Preoperative CT provided information that was used in treatment planning and management in 26 (37%) cases. However, if preoperative scans had not been performed, the clinical management would have been definitively altered in only 13 (19%) patients. Conclusions: Although these data suggest potential benefit for routine preoperative CT scanning, we believe additional study, including cost analysis, should precede the adoption of CT scanning as a routine preoperative study in patients with colon cancer. (C) 2002 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg 112, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Billingsley, KG (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg 112, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Mock, Charles/0000-0002-0564-568X NR 11 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 183 IS 5 BP 499 EP 503 AR PII S0002-9610(02)00841-3 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(02)00841-3 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 557EG UT WOS:000175894700002 PM 12034380 ER PT J AU Jobe, BA Rosenthal, E Wiesberg, TT Cohen, JI Domreis, JS Deveney, CW Sheppard, B AF Jobe, BA Rosenthal, E Wiesberg, TT Cohen, JI Domreis, JS Deveney, CW Sheppard, B TI Surgical management of gastroesophageal reflux and outcome after laryngectomy in patients using tracheoesophageal speech SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 88th Annual Meeting of the North-Pacific-Surgical-Association CY NOV 09-10, 2001 CL VICTORIA, CANADA SP N Pacific Surg Assoc DE anti-reflux surgery; laparoscopic fundoplication; laryngectomy; tracheoesophageal speech; tracheoesophageal prosthesis; GERD ID FUNDOPLICATION; GASTROPHARYNGEAL; TOUPET AB Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is common in patients with head and neck carcinoma. The impact of laparoscopic fundoplication on laryngectomy patients with tracheoesophageal prostheses for voice restoration is unknown. Methods: Nine laryngectomy patients who use tracheoesophageal speech underwent laparoscopic fundoplication for documented reflux. Preoperative and postoperative symptoms were recorded. Quality of speech was documented before and after fundoplication. Results: Although 88% of patients had resolution of GERD symptoms, all developed bloating and hyperflatulence. There was no difference in quality of esophageal speech after laparoscopic fundoplication. Conclusions: Fundoplication in laryngectomy patients that use tracheoesophageal speech eliminates symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and resolves regurgitation associated prosthesis erosion. Although nearly all patients are satisfied with outcome, there is a high incidence of postfundoplication bloating and hyperflatulence that may be life limiting. Poor quality tracheoesophageal speech should not be used as an indication for antireflux surgery. (C) 2002 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Otolaryngol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Jobe, BA (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 183 IS 5 BP 539 EP 543 AR PII S0002-9610(02)00828-0 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(02)00828-0 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 557EG UT WOS:000175894700010 PM 12034388 ER PT J AU Rabkin, JM Corless, CL Rosen, HR Olyaei, AJ AF Rabkin, JM Corless, CL Rosen, HR Olyaei, AJ TI Immunosuppression impact on long-term cardiovascular complications after liver transplantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 88th Annual Meeting of the North-Pacific-Surgical-Association CY NOV 09-10, 2001 CL VICTORIA, CANADA SP N Pacific Surg Assoc DE liver transplantation; cardiovascular complications; nephrotoxicity ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; RISK-FACTORS; HYPERTENSION; CYCLOSPORINE; TACROLIMUS; RECIPIENTS; MANAGEMENT AB Background: With current early transplant patient and allograft survivals nearly optimized, long-term medical complications have become a significant focus for potential improvement in patient outcomes. Cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors have been shown in renal transplant patients to be related to the pharmacologic immunosuppression employed. Objective: The objective of this study. is to investigate at 3 years postliver transplant (OLTx) the incidence of hypertension (HTN), hyperlipidemia (HLIP), diabetes mellitus (DM), nephrotoxicity (NTX), and cardiovascular disease (MI, angioplasty, CHF, CVA, and seborth) as well as rejection in two cohorts of liver transplant recipients who received either tacrolimus (FK-506) or cyclosporine (CSA) and to analyze the consequences of these complications on mortality following transplantation. Methods: Eighty-seven sequential patients (CSA: n = 50, mean age 48 years, M/F 32/18; and FK-506: n = 37, mean age 45 years, M/F 22/15) who underwent OLTx between 1994 and 1998, were greater than or equal to18 years, and had a minimum of 3 years of complete follow-up were included in the analysis. All OLTx candidates over age 50, who had a history of alcoholic cirrhosis, or had a history of cardiac conditions/events underwent complete cardiac consultation including an echocardiogram with additional cardiac investigation as indicated prior to OLTx. Results: At 3 years following OLTx, the incidence of acute rejection (40% versus 19%, P < 0.05), HTN (62% versus 38%, P < 0.05), HLIP (14% versus 5%, P = 0.08), and cardiovascular disease (18% versus 0%, P < 0.001), were significantly greater for the CSA patients compared with the FK-506 patients. Eight (20%) of the CSA patients who died before 3 years had their death attributed to cardiovascular events versus none in the FK-506 group. Conclusion: Compared with CSA, FK-506 was associated with significantly less rejection and a reduced incidence of HTN and cardiovascular disease. (C) 2002 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Div Abdominal Organ Transplantat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Rabkin, JM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Div Abdominal Organ Transplantat, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd L590, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 28 TC 60 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 183 IS 5 BP 595 EP 599 AR PII S0002-9610(02)00826-7 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(02)00826-7 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 557EG UT WOS:000175894700023 PM 12034401 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, GM Tijerina, R Najvar, LK Bocanegra, R Rinaldi, M Loebenberg, D Graybill, JR AF Gonzalez, GM Tijerina, R Najvar, LK Bocanegra, R Rinaldi, M Loebenberg, D Graybill, JR TI In vitro and in vivo activities of posaconazole against Coccidioides immitis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID TRIAZOLE ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; IN-VITRO; AMPHOTERICIN-B; CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS; SCH-56592; ITRACONAZOLE; SCH56592; FLUCONAZOLE; EFFICACY; CANDIDA AB Posaconazole (SCH 565921) was tested against 25 strains of Coccidioides immitis to determine their in vitro susceptibilities. The geometric mean 48-h MIC of posaconazole (POSA) was 0.5 mug/ml, the MIC range was 0.25 to 1 mug/ml, and the MIC at which 50% of the isolates tested are inhibited (MIC50) and the MIC90 were 0.5 and 1 mug/ml, respectively. The geometric mean 48-h MIC of itraconazole (ITRA) was 0.23 mug/ml, the MIC range was 0.125 to 0.5 mug/ml, and the MIC50 and MIC90 were both 0.25 mug/ml. Two strains of C immitis were selected for in vivo studies on the basis of the POSA 48-h MICs for the isolates. POSA orally administered at 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg of body weight/day was compared with ITRA administered at 10 and 30 mg/kg three times a day. The spleens and livers of mice that died or survived to day 50 were removed to measure the fungal burdens. Mice had greater than or equal to90% survival when they were treated with greater than or equal to0.5 mg of POSA per kg or 30 mg of ITRA per kg. Cultures of whole spleens and livers from mice treated with 10 mg of POSA per kg showed greater than or equal to70% sterilization. No sterilization of whole spleens and livers from mice treated with ITRA was seen. POSA displayed potent in vivo activity against the two strains of C immitis tested. C1 Univ Autonama Nuevo Leon, Dept Microbiol, Fac Med, Monterrey 64460, NL, Mexico. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Infect Dis 7881, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78224 USA. Schering Plough Res Inst, Kenilworth, NJ 07033 USA. RP Gonzalez, GM (reprint author), Univ Autonama Nuevo Leon, Dept Microbiol, Fac Med, Madero & Dr Eduardo A Pequeno S-N Colonia Mitras, Monterrey 64460, NL, Mexico. NR 20 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 46 IS 5 BP 1352 EP 1356 DI 10.1128/AAC.46.5.1352-1356.2002 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 543KH UT WOS:000175100800028 PM 11959568 ER PT J AU Sun, QN Fothergill, AW McCarthy, DI Rinaldi, MG Graybill, JR AF Sun, QN Fothergill, AW McCarthy, DI Rinaldi, MG Graybill, JR TI In vitro activities of posaconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and fluconazole against 37 clinical isolates of zygomycetes SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; SCH-56592 AB In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing results of a new antifungal triazole, posaconazole (POS), were compared to results with amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ITC), voriconazole (VRC), and fluconazole (FLC) against clinical agents of zygomycosis. The MICs of POS at which 50% and 90% of the isolates were inhibited were 0.25 and 4 mug/ml, respectively. POS was significantly more active than VRC and FLC and slightly more active than ITC. The results suggest that POS has significant potential for clinical development against the zygomycetes. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Fungus Testing Lab, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis 7811, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Beijing Union Med Univ Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Beijing 100730, Peoples R China. RP Fothergill, AW (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Fungus Testing Lab, Dept Pathol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 14 TC 205 Z9 222 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 46 IS 5 BP 1581 EP 1582 DI 10.1128/AAC.46.5.1581-1582.2002 PG 2 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 543KH UT WOS:000175100800065 PM 11959605 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, GM Tijerina, R Sutton, DA Graybill, JR Rinaldi, MG AF Gonzalez, GM Tijerina, R Sutton, DA Graybill, JR Rinaldi, MG TI In vitro activities of free and lipid formulations of amphotericin B and nystatin against clinical isolates of Coccidioides immitis at various saprobic stages SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; INOCULUM; SUSCEPTIBILITIES; CONIDIA AB We investigated the susceptibilities of hyphal, mixed hyphal, ungerminated arthroconidial, and germinated arthroconidial populations of Coccidioides immitis to lipid formulations of amphotericin B and nystatin and their conventional preparations, utilizing the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M38-P broth macrodilution method. The differences in effects of the three different growth stages of the saprobic phase of C. immitis on the MIC/minimum lethal concentration (MLC) ratio were not statistically significant for any of the antifungal agents tested. These results suggest that either inocula could be used for in vitro susceptibility studies with C. immitis. C1 Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Dept Microbiol, Fac Med, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Testing Lab, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Gonzalez, GM (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Dept Microbiol, Fac Med, Madero & Dr Eduardo A Pequeno S-N,Colonia Mitras, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 46 IS 5 BP 1583 EP 1585 DI 10.1128/AAC.46.5.1583-1585.2002 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 543KH UT WOS:000175100800066 PM 11959606 ER PT J AU Andress, DL Ozuna, J Tirschwell, D Grande, L Johnson, M Jacobson, AF Spain, W AF Andress, DL Ozuna, J Tirschwell, D Grande, L Johnson, M Jacobson, AF Spain, W TI Antiepileptic drug-induced bone loss in young male patients who have seizures SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTICONVULSANT THERAPY; VITAMIN-D; MEN; EPILEPSY; MARKERS; TESTOSTERONE; OSTEOMALACIA; HYPOGONADISM; DYSFUNCTION; RESORPTION AB Background: Long-term antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy is known risk factor for bone loss and fractures. Vitamin D deficiency is frequently cited as a cause for bone loss in patients who have seizures. Objective: To determine whether men who have seizures, but who are otherwise healthy, suffer substantial bone loss in the hip while taking AEDs. Patients and Methods: We prospectively examined femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in 81 consecutive men, aged between 25 and 54 years old (mean age, 45 years), who were attending an outpatient seizure clinic. Low BMD values were analyzed for known risk factors for bone loss. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans were repeated in 54 patients, 12 to 29 months later (mean, 19 months), to assess the rate of change in BMD over time. Results: Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that age (P<.001) and time receiving AEDs (P<.003) were the 2 important risk factors associated with low femoral neck BMD. Neither vitamin D deficiency, hypogonadism, cigarette smoking, nor excess alcohol intake were associated with low BMD after correcting for age and time on AEDs. Longitudinal analysis of femoral neck BMD revealed that only those in the youngest age group (25-44 years) showed significant declines in femoral neck BMD (1.8% annualized loss; 95% confidence interval, -3.1 to -0.9; P<.003) while receiving AED therapy. There was no evidence that a specific type of AED was more causally related to bone loss in this group although most patients were taking phenytoin sodium or carbamazepine during the longitudinal assessment. Conclusions: Long-term AED therapy in young male patients who have seizures causes significant bone loss at the hip in the absence of vitamin D deficiency. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanning of the hip is useful in identifying patients who are particularly susceptible to rapid bone loss while taking AEDs. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Nucl Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Andress, DL (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, 111A,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 27 TC 99 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 59 IS 5 BP 781 EP 786 DI 10.1001/archneur.59.5.781 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 551ZY UT WOS:000175594900015 PM 12020260 ER PT J AU Novis, DA Renner, S Friedberg, RC Walsh, MK Saladino, AJ AF Novis, DA Renner, S Friedberg, RC Walsh, MK Saladino, AJ TI Quality indicators of fresh frozen plasma and platelet utilization - Three College of American Pathologists Q-Probes studies of 8 981 796 units of fresh frozen plasma and platelets in 1639 hospitals SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INSTITUTIONS AB Objective.-To determine the normative rates of expiration and wastage for units of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and platelets (PLTs) in hospital communities throughout the United States, and to examine hospital blood bank practices associated with more desirable (lower) rates. Design.-In 3 separate studies, participants in the College of American Pathologists Q-Probes laboratory quality improvement program collected data retrospectively on the numbers of units of FFP and PLTs that expired (outdated) prior to being used and that were wasted clue to mishandling. Participants also completed questionnaires describing their hospitals' and blood banks' laboratory and transfusion practices. Setting and Participants.-One thousand six hundred thirty-nine public and private institutions, more than 80% of which were known to be located in the United States. Main Outcome Measures.-Quality indicators of FFP and PLT utilization: the rates of expiration and wastage of units of FFP and PLTs. Results.-Participants submitted data on 8 981 796 units of FFP and PLTs. In all 3 studies, aggregate combined FFP and PLT expiration rates ranged from 5.8% to 6.4% and aggregate combined FFP and PLT wastage rates ranged from 2.0% to 2.5%. Among the top-performing 10% of participants (90th percentile and above), FFP and PLT expiration rates were 0.6% or lower and FFP and PLT wastage rates were 0.5% or lower. Among the bottom-performing 10% of participants (10th percentile and below), expiration rates were 13.8% or higher and wastage rates were 6.8% or higher. We were unable to associate selected hospital characteristics or blood bank practices with lower rates of FFP and PLT utilization. Conclusions.-The rates of FFP and PLT expiration and wastage vary greatly among hospitals in the United States. Hospital blood bank personnel are capable of achieving FFP and PLT expiration and wastage rates below 1%. C1 Wentworth Douglass Hosp, Dept Pathol, Dover, NH 03820 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Baystate Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Springfield, MA USA. Coll Amer Pathologist, Northfield, IL USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ft Howard, MD USA. RP Novis, DA (reprint author), Wentworth Douglass Hosp, Dept Pathol, Dover, NH 03820 USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 126 IS 5 BP 527 EP 532 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 545JC UT WOS:000175212800001 PM 11958656 ER PT J AU Boninger, ML Souza, AL Cooper, RA Fitzgerald, SG Koontz, AM Fay, BT AF Boninger, ML Souza, AL Cooper, RA Fitzgerald, SG Koontz, AM Fay, BT TI Propulsion patterns and pushrim biomechanics in manual wheelchair propulsion SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE biomechanics; kinematics; rehabilitation; wheelchairs ID CARPAL-TUNNEL SYNDROME; UPPER EXTREMITY; PARAPLEGIA; WEIGHT; FORCES; SPEEDS AB Objectives: To classify stroke patterns of manual wheelchair users and to determine if different patterns of propulsion lead to different biomechanics. Design: Case series. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory. Participants: Thirty-eight individuals with paraplegia who use manual wheelchairs for mobility. Intervention: Subjects propelled their own wheelchair on a dynamometer at 2 different steady state speeds. Bilateral biomechanical data were obtained by using a force and moment sensing pushrim and a motion analysis system. Main Outcome Measures: The propulsive stroke of each participant for each speed and side was classified as following 1 of 4 patterns. These 4 patterns were then compared by using a mixed-model analysis of variance. The biomechanical variables that were compared were cadence, peak and rate of rise of the resultant force, mechanical effective force, push angle. and ratio of time spent pushing to time in recovery. Results: The most common propulsive stroke involved the user lifting, the hand over the pushrim during the recovery phase. The stroke pattern was independent of axle position and varied from side to side and between speeds. After controlling for subject characteristics, significant differences were observed between stroke patterns in cadence and ratio of time spent pushing to time in recovery. A stroke pattern that involves using a semicircular motion with the hand below the pushrim during the recovery phase of the propulsion stroke was associated with a lower cadence and more time spent in the push phase relative to the recovery phase. Conclusion: The semicircular motion of propulsion displayed characteristics consistent with reduced repetition and more efficient propulsion. Use of this propulsion style may reduce trauma to the upper extremities. Clinicians should consider training individuals in this propulsion style. (C) 2002 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. A VA Ctr Excellence, Highland Dr VA Med Ctr, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Boninger, ML (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, 151R-1,7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X FU NICHD NIH HHS [5 P01 HD33989 01] NR 23 TC 115 Z9 117 U1 3 U2 17 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0003-9993 EI 1532-821X J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 83 IS 5 BP 718 EP 723 DI 10.1053/apmr.2002.32455 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 550FY UT WOS:000175494000020 PM 11994814 ER PT J AU Cai, JM Hatsukami, TS Ferguson, MS Yuan, C AF Cai, JM Hatsukami, TS Ferguson, MS Yuan, C TI In vivo high-resolution MR imaging of carotid artery: Evaluation of lesion type SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Marina Ferguson Inc, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 22 IS 5 MA P195 BP A34 EP A34 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 550PP UT WOS:000175511700214 ER PT J AU Game, BA Lopes-Virella, MF Huang, Y AF Game, BA Lopes-Virella, MF Huang, Y TI PPAR gamma ligands 9-HODE and troglitazone stimulate matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression in vascular endothelial cells via extracellular signal-regulated kinase SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 22 IS 5 MA P201 BP A35 EP A35 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 550PP UT WOS:000175511700220 ER PT J AU Wilasrusmee, C Da Silva, MS Yusupov, IR Sing, B Sobel, M Kittur, DS AF Wilasrusmee, C Da Silva, MS Yusupov, IR Sing, B Sobel, M Kittur, DS TI Identification of angiogenic inhibitors that also disrupt mature endothelial capillary networks SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Syracuse, NY USA. VA Puget Sound HCS, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 22 IS 5 MA P332 BP A58 EP A58 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 550PP UT WOS:000175511700344 ER PT J AU Doney, KC Chauncey, T Appelbaum, FR AF Doney, KC Chauncey, T Appelbaum, FR CA Seattle Bone Marrow Transplant Tea TI Allogeneic related donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia SO BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE chronic lymphocytic leukemia; allogeneic transplantation; conditioning regimen ID BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; GRAFT-VERSUS-LEUKEMIA; TERM FOLLOW-UP; HOST-DISEASE; THERAPY; RECIPIENTS; BUSULFAN; LYMPHOMA; TOXICITY; TRIAL AB Between 1980 and 1999, 25 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) received related donor hematopoietic stem cell transplants. Median patient age was 46.6 years. Preparative regimens included busulfan (BU) plus cyclophosphamide (CY), CY plus TBI, and etoposide, CY plus TBI. Twenty-one donors were HLA-identical siblings, one was a DR mismatched sibling, and three were identical twins. Bone marrow was the source of hematopoietic stem cells in 22 cases and G-CSF stimulated peripheral blood in three cases. Most patients received methotrexate and cyclosporine for GVHD prophylaxis. Fourteen patients developed grades 2-4 acute GVHD and 10 developed clinical extensive chronic GVHD. Late clearance of CLL cells was associated with the development of chronic GVHD in one patient. Two patients had recurrent CLL. Nonrelapse mortality at day 100 was 57% for the seven patients conditioned with BU/CY and 17% for the 18 patients conditioned with TBI-containing regimens. Actuarial survival at 5 years for the 25 patients is 32%. All patients who received BU/CY died within 3 years of transplant. For the 14 patients transplanted since 1992 and who received TBI, actuarial 5-year survival is 56%. The maximum response of CLL to hematopoietic cell transplantation may be delayed, but long-term disease-free survival can be achieved. C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Div Oncol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Doney, KC (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, 1100 Fairview Ave N,POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. NR 34 TC 59 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0268-3369 J9 BONE MARROW TRANSPL JI Bone Marrow Transplant. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 29 IS 10 BP 817 EP 823 DI 10.1038/sj/bmt/1703548 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA 562CQ UT WOS:000176180200002 PM 12058231 ER PT J AU Chen, CY Million, M Adelson, DW Martinez, V Rivier, J Tache, Y AF Chen, CY Million, M Adelson, DW Martinez, V Rivier, J Tache, Y TI Intracisternal urocortin inhibits vagally stimulated gastric motility in rats: role of CRF2 SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE astressin B; astressin(2)-B; corticotropin-releasing factor; corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2; gastric contractility; intracisternal; NBI-27914; RX-77368; thyrotropin-releasing hormone; urocortin; gastric emptying ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; STRESS-RELATED ALTERATIONS; COLONIC MOTOR FUNCTION; C-FOS EXPRESSION; FACTOR RECEPTORS; HIGH-AFFINITY; TRH ANALOG; GASTROINTESTINAL MOTILITY; COMPETITIVE ANTAGONISTS; ASTRESSIN ANALOGS AB 1 Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) acts in the brain to inhibit thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue, RX-77368-induced vagal stimulation of gastric motility. We investigated CRF receptor-mediated actions of rat urocortin (rUcn) injected intracisternally (ic) on gastric motor function. 2 Urethane-anaesthetized rats with strain gauges on the gastric corpus were injected i.e. with rUcn and 20 min later, with i.e. RX-77368. CRF antagonists were injected i.e. 10 min before rUcn. 3 RX-77368 (1.5, 3, 10, 30 and 100 ng, i.e.) dose-dependently increased corpus contractions, expressed as total area under the curve (AUC, mV min(-1)) to 2.6 +/- 2.5, 6.1 +/- 5.9, 9.8 +/- 2.6, 69.7 +/- 21.7 and 74.9 +/- 28.7 respectively vs 0.2 +/- 0.1 after i.e. saline. Ucn (1, 3 or 10 mug) inhibited RX-77368 (30 ng)-induced increase in total AUC by 28, 62 and 93% respectively vs i.e. saline+RX-77368. 4 The CRF1/CRF2 antagonist, astressin-B (60 mug, i.e.) completely blocked i.e. rUcn (3 mug, i.e.)induced inhibition of gastric motility stimulated by RX-77368 (30 ng). 5 The selective CRF2 antagonist, astressin(2)-B (30, 60 or 100 mug, i.e.) dose-dependently prevented i.e. rUCn action while the CRF1 antagonist, NBI-27914 did not. 6 In conscious rats, rUcn (0.6 or 1 mug, i.e.) inhibited gastric emptying of an ingested chow meal by 61 and 92% respectively. rUcn action was antagonized by astressin(2)-B. 7 These data show that i.e. rUcn acts through CRF2 receptors to inhibit central vagal gastric contractile response and postoprandial emptying. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med,Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med,Div Digest Dis, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Rm 117B, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41301, DK 26741, DK 33061, P01 DK026741, P30 DK041301, R01 DK-41301, R01 DK033061, R37 DK033061] NR 58 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0007-1188 J9 BRIT J PHARMACOL JI Br. J. Pharmacol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 136 IS 2 BP 237 EP 247 DI 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704713 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 556AA UT WOS:000175824200009 PM 12010772 ER PT J AU Ghosh, PM Bedolla, R Mikhailova, M Kreisberg, JI AF Ghosh, PM Bedolla, R Mikhailova, M Kreisberg, JI TI RhoA-dependent murine prostate cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis: Role of protein kinase C zeta SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID P70 S6 KINASE; CYCLIN D1 EXPRESSION; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; GENE-PRODUCT; GROWTH; PHOSPHORYLATION; ACTIVATION; RECEPTOR; GTPASES AB We previously showed that RhoA played an important role in the proliferation of murine Weprostate cancer (TRAMP) cells (P. M. Ghosh et al., Oncogene, 18: 4120-4130, 1999). Untransfected TRAMP cells as well as those expressing constitutively active RhoA (Q63L) mutant protein (Q63L cells) were highly proliferative. In contrast, TRAMP cells expressing dominant-negative RhoA (T19N) mutant protein (T19N cells) were slow growing. In this study, we showed, in addition, that T19N cells displayed reduced rates of apoptotic cell death in response to serum deprivation, compared with TRAMP and Q63L cells, and we studied the mechanisms of the effects of RhoA on TRAMP cell proliferation and apoptosis. Both proliferation and apoptosis of TRAMP and Q63L cells were dependent on the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). The ubiquitous mitogen-activated Ser/Thr kinase, p70S6 kinase, a downstream effector of PI3K, was overexpressed in TRAMP and Q63L cells. Another PI3K effector, the cell survival protein Akt, displayed increased activity in T19N cells, which did not express active RhoA, compared with TRAMP and Q63L cells. The atypical protein kinase C (PKC) isoform PKCzeta, which is downstream of PI3K, was activated in cells expressing active RhoA. In addition, expression of constitutively activated PKCzeta in TRAMP cells enhanced proliferation and p70S6 kinase phosphorylation, whereas the inhibition of PKCzeta activation resulted in activation of Akt and enhanced cell survival. Thus, the effects of RhoA on TRAMP cell proliferation and apoptosis may be mediated by PKCzeta. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Ghosh, PM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [2T32HL07446-16] NR 44 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2002 VL 62 IS 9 BP 2630 EP 2636 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 546GG UT WOS:000175265000030 PM 11980660 ER PT J AU Salat, DH Kaye, JA Janowsky, JS AF Salat, DH Kaye, JA Janowsky, JS TI Greater orbital prefrontal volume selectively predicts worse working memory performance in older adults SO CEREBRAL CORTEX LA English DT Article ID AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; ORDERED POINTING TASK; TEMPORAL-LOBE LESIONS; HUMAN FRONTAL-CORTEX; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; NEURAL ACTIVITY; DEFICITS; OBJECT; MONKEY AB Alterations of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) could contribute to cognitive decline in older adults. We examined the specificity of age-related PFC degeneration and whether cognitive abilities were related to volumetric measurements. Older and younger subjects were tested using a battery of tasks supported by different subregions within the PFC, The cognitive data from older subjects were related to PFC volumetric measurements in order to determine whether cortical morphology was predictive of individual differences in task performance within this age range (72-94 years). Working memory performance best distinguished older from younger subjects. Working memory measures but not other measures were correlated with age in both groups. A larger orbital PFC volume was related to a worse working memory performance and a larger superior PFC volume was related to worse conditional association learning. The volumes of these regions were not related to performance on other tasks. These results suggest that working memory is a sensitive measure of cognitive aging and that regional morphology is associated with specific cognitive abilities in older adults. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Behav Neurosci, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Salat, DH (reprint author), MGH, NMR Ctr, Dept Radiol, Bldg 149,13th St,Mail Code 149 2301, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. OI Kaye, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9971-3478 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG12611]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH11855] NR 66 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1047-3211 J9 CEREB CORTEX JI Cereb. Cortex PD MAY PY 2002 VL 12 IS 5 BP 494 EP 505 DI 10.1093/cercor/12.5.494 PG 12 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 544LR UT WOS:000175159800005 PM 11950767 ER PT J AU Haake, DA Dundoo, M Cader, R Kubak, BM Hartskeerl, RA Sejvar, JJ Ashford, DA AF Haake, DA Dundoo, M Cader, R Kubak, BM Hartskeerl, RA Sejvar, JJ Ashford, DA TI Leptospirosis, water sports, and chemoprophylaxis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED TRIAL; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIC; SEROVARS AB Recreational activities, such as water sports and adventure travel, are emerging as an important risk factor for leptospirosis, a potentially fatal zoonosis. We report the clinical course of 2 patients who acquired leptospirosis through participation in water sports. Physicians caring for patients who participate in adventure travel involving water sports should be familiar with the risk factors for and diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of leptospirosis. C1 VA Greater LA Healthcare Syst, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. CDCP, Meningitis & Special Pathogens Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Royal Trop Inst, Koninklijk Inst Tropen Biomed Res, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Haake, DA (reprint author), VA Greater LA Healthcare Syst, Div Infect Dis, 111F, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI034431-06A2, R01 AI034431, R21 AI034431, AI-34431, R29 AI034431] NR 34 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2002 VL 34 IS 9 BP E40 EP E43 DI 10.1086/339942 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 539YR UT WOS:000174901600034 PM 11941571 ER PT J AU DaVanzo, WJ Ullian, ME AF DaVanzo, WJ Ullian, ME TI L-carnitine administration reverses acute mental status changes in a chronic hemodialysis patient with hepatitis C infection SO CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYPERAMMONEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS; MUSCLE; SERUM; SUPPLEMENTATION; PERITONEAL; AMMONIA; ANEMIA AB Achronic hemodialysis patient presented with elevated serum ammonia concentration (189 mumol/l) and acutely altered mental status. He had been adequately dialyzed over the prior months and had no evidence of liver dysfunction, despite serological evidence for hepatitis C virus infection. His mental status deteriorated to coma despite vitamin replenishment, intensive hemodialysis, lactulose treatment, and blood pressure control over a 3-day period. Blood free L-carnitine concentration was depressed, and total carnitine concentrations was normal. Three hours after a single 2 g dose of L-carnitine was administered intravenously, the mental status reverted to normal. Hyperammonemia resolved over a 5-week period. We suspect that subclinical liver dysfunction and dialysis status in tandem contributed to the carnitine deficiency, hyperammonemia, and confusion and that the L-carnitine administration reversed these biochemical and clinical abnormalities. C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Nephrol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP DaVanzo, WJ (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU DUSTRI-VERLAG DR KARL FEISTLE PI DEISENHOFEN-MUENCHEN PA BAHNHOFSTRASSE 9 POSTFACH 49, D-82032 DEISENHOFEN-MUENCHEN, GERMANY SN 0301-0430 J9 CLIN NEPHROL JI Clin. Nephrol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 57 IS 5 BP 402 EP 405 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 546HK UT WOS:000175268500014 PM 12036203 ER PT J AU Rubenstein, LZ Josephson, KR AF Rubenstein, LZ Josephson, KR TI The epidemiology of falls and syncope SO CLINICS IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; TERM-CARE FACILITY; DWELLING OLDER ADULTS; RISK-FACTORS; RECURRENT FALLS; INJURIOUS FALLS; ELDERLY PATIENTS; POSTURAL HYPOTENSION; PSYCHOTROPIC-DRUGS; HOSPITAL DISCHARGE AB Falls and syncope are two common and interrelated geriatric syndromes that cause considerable mortality and morbidity among older persons. Multiple causes and predisposing risk factors have been identified for both falls and syncope, which makes diagnosis, treatment, and particularly prevention of these two syndromes difficult clinical challenges. The most promising prevention strategies for both falls and syncope involve identifying individuals at increased risk and implementing appropriate interventions. This article provides an overview of the epidemiology of falls and syncope in both community living and institutionalized older adults and reviews the most common causes and risk factors. C1 GRECC, Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Rubenstein, LZ (reprint author), GRECC, Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 102 TC 383 Z9 402 U1 5 U2 49 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-0690 J9 CLIN GERIATR MED JI Clin. Geriatr. Med. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 18 IS 2 BP 141 EP + AR PII S0749-0690(02)00002-2 DI 10.1016/S0749-0690(02)00002-2 PG 19 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 566WJ UT WOS:000176451000002 PM 12180240 ER PT J AU Koszdin, KL Digiacomo, RF AF Koszdin, KL Digiacomo, RF TI Outbreak: Detection and investigation SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MOUSE HEPATITIS-VIRUS; BEDDING SENTINEL SYSTEM; CHAIN-REACTION ANALYSIS; SENDAI VIRUS; NUDE-MICE; HELICOBACTER-HEPATICUS; RESPIRATORY BACILLUS; INFECTION; RATS; TRANSMISSION AB With the increased movement of rodents between institutions of various pathogen status, the risk of introducing unwanted agents into a facility is high. This situation is in direct conflict with the increasing demand for "clean" rodents for use in biomedical research. If an institution is to have any hope of attaining specific-pathogen-free status, a rational surveillance program should be in place, along with a plan of action to be undertaken when an unwanted agent is detected in the facility. This review summarizes the factors that should be considered when designing a rodent health-surveillance program and outlines a general approach to be taken when rodents in a facility become infected with an undesirable agent. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Comparat Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Koszdin, KL (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way 1511, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 60 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 41 IS 3 BP 18 EP 27 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 555KM UT WOS:000175793300004 PM 12051656 ER PT J AU Saunders, JB Brady, KT AF Saunders, JB Brady, KT TI The scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of substance misuse SO CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID COCAINE-DEPENDENCE; CANNABIS USE; DOUBLE-BLIND; DRUG-USE; NALTREXONE; ALCOHOLISM; DISORDER; TRIAL C1 Royal Brisbane Hosp, Mental Hlth Ctr, Alcohol & Drug Serv, Herston, Qld 4029, Australia. Royal Brisbane Hosp, Mental Hlth Ctr, Prince Charles Hosp Dist, Queensland Hlth, Herston, Qld 4029, Australia. Univ Queensland, Alcohol & Drug Studies, Herston, Qld, Australia. CTN, MUSC, Ralph H Johnson VAMC, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC USA. RP Saunders, JB (reprint author), Royal Brisbane Hosp, Mental Hlth Ctr, Alcohol & Drug Serv, Herston, Qld 4029, Australia. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0951-7367 J9 CURR OPIN PSYCHIATR JI Curr. Opin. Psychiatr. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 15 IS 3 BP 231 EP 234 DI 10.1097/00001504-200205000-00001 PG 4 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 595RQ UT WOS:000178122900001 ER PT J AU Stalkup, JR Bell, K Rosen, T AF Stalkup, JR Bell, K Rosen, T TI Disseminated cutaneous sporotrichostis treated with itraconazole SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SPOROTHRIX-SCHENCKII FUNGEMIA; ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY; AIDS PATIENT; LYMPHOCUTANEOUS SPOROTRICHOSIS; MAINTENANCE THERAPY; INFECTION AB A 72-year-old Hispanic man with diabetes presented with a 4-week history of a tender non-healing ulcer on the fifth digit of the left hand and a 3-day history of fever, chills, malaise. anorexia, and tender fluctuant nodules on the abdomen and left elbow. The patient, an avid gardener, was using prednisone and methotrexate for a debilitating seronegative polyarthropathy. A diagnosis of disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis was made based on epidemiologic risk factors, clinical appearance, histopathologic examination, and a positive fungal culture. Use of prednisone was discontinued, the dosage of methotrexate was decreased, and use of oral itraconazole 400 mg/day was instituted. The patient's lesions cleared within 5 months, and no recurrence was noted during a 3-month follow-up. This case illustrates the typical association of the rare entity of disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis with immunosuppression, an unusual lack of internal involvement, and a gratifying response to itraconazole. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Dermatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Houston, TX USA. RP Rosen, T (reprint author), 2815 Plumb, Houston, TX 77005 USA. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAY PY 2002 VL 69 IS 5 BP 371 EP 374 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 553TC UT WOS:000175690700009 PM 12041817 ER PT J AU Tanaka, S Meiselman, HHJ Engel, E Guth, PH Furukawa, O Wenby, RB Lee, J Kaunitz, JD AF Tanaka, S Meiselman, HHJ Engel, E Guth, PH Furukawa, O Wenby, RB Lee, J Kaunitz, JD TI Regional differences of H+, HCO3-, and CO2 diffusion through native porcine gastroduodenal mucus SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE ion permeability; mucosal barrier; gastroprotection; bicarbonate ID HYDROGEN-ION DIFFUSION; GASTRIC MUCUS; MUCOSAL PROTECTION; ACID DIFFUSION; RAT; PH; BICARBONATE; SECRETION; RETARDATION; INVIVO AB Gastroduodenal mucus may play a critical role in defending the epithelium from luminal acid and in the creation of a microenvironment suitable for H. pylori. We measured transmucus permeation of H+, HCO3-, and CO2 with an in vitro perfusion chamber through freshly harvested or partially purified porcine gastric mucin. pH and CO2 concentrations were measured with selective ion electrodes; HCO3- and CO2 concentrations were derived. Viscosity was measured by rotational microviscometry. Mucin viscosity was directly related to concentration. There was a large variation in viscosity among native mucus from antrum, corpus, and duodenum. The highest viscosity was found in the antral mucus; duodenal mucus had the lowest. Diffusion coefficients of duodenal mucus for H+ and HCO3- were significantly lower than those from corpus and antrum. CO2 diffusion coefficients were invariant. In conclusion, despite large variations in viscosity, antral and corpus gastric mucus were similar in terms of ion diffusion. Surprisingly, the low viscosity duodenal mucus was a more potent barrier to ion diffusion than was gastric mucus. Consequently, duodenal mucus may play a more important role in inhibiting ion diffusion than its gastric counterpart. C1 Greater Los Angeles Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst L, Med Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Phys & Biophys, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Coll Letters & Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Kaunitz, JD (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bldg 114,Room 217,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK54221] NR 28 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 8 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 47 IS 5 BP 967 EP 973 AR UNSP 0163-2116/02/0500-0967/0 DI 10.1023/A:1015013401863 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 550KE UT WOS:000175501500004 PM 12018922 ER PT J AU Livingston, EH AF Livingston, EH TI Acid diffusion through rat duodenal mucosal cap SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE protons; acid diffusion; mucus cap; mucus; peptic ulcer; duodenum ID PH GRADIENT; GASTRIC MUCUS; PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS; BICARBONATE SECRETION; SURFACE; INVIVO; INHIBITION; ADHERENT; AGENTS; DAMAGE AB Acid induced duodenal injury occurs immediately following exposure to strong acid but does not worsen despite continuous perfusion with the acid. A thick gelatinous cap is found overlying the duodenum when examined histologically. The purpose of this study was to quantitate the resistance to acid diffusion by native duodenal mucus and the cap material. Rat duodenum was perfused with acid. The mucus from control and acid-perfused animals was harvested and the diffusion coefficient measured. Mucus from the duodenums of anesthetized rats was mixed with bromphenol blue and placed into capillary tubes. The tubes were submersed in 0.15 N HCI at 37degreesC. The color change from blue to yellow was measured with time as the HCI migrated through the tube. From the distance and time data, the diffusion coefficient could be calculated. Controls of bromphenol blue in water were studied. The diffusion coefficient for HCl in water was 30.1 +/- 0.9 x 10(-6) cm(2)/sec. nearly identical to the standard value reported in the literature. For the duodenal mucus adhereni to the epithelial surface, it was 1.1 +/- 0.1 x 10(-6) cm(2)/sec. Following perfusion with 0.15 N HCI, a 279.6 +/- 44-mum-thick mucus cap formed over the duodenum that had a diffusion coefficient of 1.8 +/- .3 x 10(-8) cm(2)/sec. In response to injury, the duodenum protects against continued damage by producing a mucoid cap that it highly resistant to acid diffusion. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Gen Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Greater Los Angeles VA Hlth Care Syst, Surg Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Greater Los Angeles VA Hlth Care Syst, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Livingston, EH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Gen Surg, 10833 Le Conte Ave 72-215 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 47 IS 5 BP 974 EP 977 AR UNSP 0163-2116/02/0500-0974/0 DI 10.1023/A:1015065418702 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 550KE UT WOS:000175501500005 PM 12018923 ER PT J AU Mothershead, JL Tonat, K Koenig, KL AF Mothershead, JL Tonat, K Koenig, KL TI Bioterrorism preparedness III: state and federal programs and response SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article AB A bioterrorism attack may rapidly overwhelm local resources, Over the past several years, legislative and executive actions designed to enhance local, state, and federal preparedness to respond to terrorist events have proliferated. Federal response operations continue to be enhanced, building on existing structures, to provide emergency mitigation and relief in the event of such an attack. This article discusses the various federal initiatives and programs targeting bioterrorism preparedness and response, and outlines the current framework for overall federal response to bioterrorism. C1 USN, Ctr Environm Hlth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. US Dept HHS, Off Emergency Preparedness, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Emergency Management Strateg Healthcare Grp, Vet Hlth Adm, Washington, DC 20001 USA. RP Mothershead, JL (reprint author), USN, Ctr Environm Hlth, 620 John Paul Jones Circle,Suite 1100, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 41 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 20 IS 2 BP 477 EP + AR PII S0733-8627(02)00004-4 DI 10.1016/S0733-8627(02)00004-4 PG 26 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 573JX UT WOS:000176827300013 PM 12120488 ER PT J AU Abboud, SL Woodruff, K Liu, C Shen, V Ghosh-Choudhury, N AF Abboud, SL Woodruff, K Liu, C Shen, V Ghosh-Choudhury, N TI Rescue of the osteopetrotic defect in op/op mice by osteoblast-specific targeting of soluble colony-stimulating factor-1 SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OP OP MOUSE; FACTOR-I; GENE-THERAPY; TRANSGENIC MICE; STROMAL CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR; MARROW-CELLS; HUMAN CSF-1; MACROPHAGE; BONE AB Soluble colony-stimulating factor-1 (sCSF-1) and membrane bound CSF-1 are synthesized by ostcoblasts and stromal cells. However, the precise role of each form in osteoclastogenesis is unclear. In the op/op mouse, absence of osteoblast-derived CSF-1 leads to decreased osteoclasts and osteopetrosis. To determine whether sCSF-1 gene replacement can cure the osteopetrotic defect, we took advantage of the osteoblast specificity of the osteocalcin promoter to selectively express sCSF-l in the bone of op/op mice. Transgenic mice harboring the human sCSF-1 cDNA under the control of the osteocalcin promoter were generated and cross-bred with heterozygous op/wt mice to establish op/op mutants expressing the transgene (op/opT. The op/op genotype and transgene expression were confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis, respectively. High levels of human sCSF-l protein were selectively expressed in bone. At 21/2 wk, op/opT mice showed normal growth and tooth eruption. Femurs removed at 5 and 14 wk were analyzed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography and histomorphometry. The abnormal bone mineral density, cancellous bone volume, and growth plate width observed in op/op mice was completely reversed in op/opT mice by 5 wk, and this effect persisted at 14 wk, with measurements comparable with wt/wt mice at each time point. Correction of the skeletal abnormalities in the 5-wk-old op/opT mice correlated with a marked increase in the total osteoclast number, and their number per millimeter of bone surface compared with that of op/op mutants. Ostcoclast number was maintained at 14 wk in op/opT mice and morphologically resembled a,wt/wt ostcoclasts. These results indicate that sCSF-1 is sufficient to drive normal osteoclast development and that the osteocalcin promoter provides an efficient tool for delivery of exogenous genes to the bone. Moreover, targeting sCSF-l to osteoblasts in the bone microenvironment may be a potentially useful therapeutic modality for treating bone disorders. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Div, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Skeletech Inc, Bothell, WA 98021 USA. RP Abboud, SL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR042306, AR-42306] NR 39 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 4350 EAST WEST HIGHWAY SUITE 500, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4110 USA SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD MAY PY 2002 VL 143 IS 5 BP 1942 EP 1949 DI 10.1210/en.143.5.1942 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 544QB UT WOS:000175170500042 PM 11956177 ER PT J AU Salinsky, MC Binder, LM Oken, BS Storzbach, D Aron, CR Dodrill, CB AF Salinsky, MC Binder, LM Oken, BS Storzbach, D Aron, CR Dodrill, CB TI Effects of gabapentin and carbamazepine on the EEG and cognition in healthy volunteers SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Meeting of the American-Epilepsy-Society CY DEC 01-06, 2000 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Epilepsy Soc DE antiepileptic drugs; electroencephalography; cognition; epilepsy; gabapentin; carbamazepine ID ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS; EPILEPTIC PATIENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND; SERUM LEVELS; PHENYTOIN; ADULTS; PERFORMANCE; PSYCHOMOTOR; ABILITIES; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM AB Purpose: Antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy can be associated with neurotoxic side effects including cognitive dysfunction. Objective methods for detection of neurotoxicity in individual patients would be useful. We studied the effects of gabapentin (GBP) and carbamazepine (CBZ) on neurophysiologic and cognitive/behavioral measures in healthy volunteers. Methods: In a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study of CBZ and GBP in healthy volunteers, 23 subjects completed the protocol. All achieved the target dose of 1,200 mg CBZ or 3,600 mg GBP. A structured EEG for quantitative analysis and a cognitive test battery were administered before AED therapy and again after 12 weeks of therapy. Test-retest differences were compared with those of 72 untreated control subjects. Results: Both CBZ and GBP significantly decreased the peak frequency of the posterior (alpha) rhythm, with CBZ exerting a greater effect. Ten CBZ and six GBP subjects exceeded the 95% confidence interval (CI) for an individual. Cognitive tests revealed AED vs. control group effects for two of seven measures (Digit Symbol, Stroop) and all subjective measures. However, few subjects exceeded the 95% Cl for any objective test. Differences between CBZ and GBP were not significant. Greater EEG slowing was associated with greater subjective neurotoxicity and poorer test-retest performance on a cognitive test summary measure. Conclusions: Prolonged CBZ and GBP therapy induced EEG slowing that correlated with cognitive complaints and often exceeded the confidence interval for individual Subjects. Quantitative EEG measures may be useful in the objective determination of AED-related neurotoxicity. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Epilepsy Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Warner Lambert Pharmaceut, Morris Plains, NJ USA. Univ Washington, Epilepsy Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Salinsky, MC (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Epilepsy Ctr, 745 SW Gaines Rd,CDW-3, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 62 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PD MAY PY 2002 VL 43 IS 5 BP 482 EP 490 DI 10.1046/j.1528-1157.2002.22501.x PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 571GM UT WOS:000176709700004 PM 12027908 ER PT J AU Knowles, AF Nagy, AK Strobel, RS Wu-Weis, M AF Knowles, AF Nagy, AK Strobel, RS Wu-Weis, M TI Purification, characterization, cloning, and expression of the chicken liver ecto-ATP-diphosphohydrolase SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ecto-ATP-diphosphohydrolase; chicken liver; E-NTPDase; expression; immunoaffinity purification ID GIZZARD SMOOTH-MUSCLE; PLASMA-MEMBRANES; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; QUATERNARY STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; CD39; APYRASE; ATPASES; IDENTIFICATION; BRAIN AB We previously demonstrated that the major ecto-nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase in the chicken liver membranes is an ecto-ATP-diphosphohydrolase (ecto-ATPDase) [Caldwell, C., Davis, M.D. & Knowles, A.F. (1999) Arch. Biochem. Biophys . 362 , 46-58]. Enzymatic properties of the liver membrane ecto-ATPDase are similar to those of the chicken oviduct ecto-ATPDase that we have previously purified and cloned. Using antibody developed against the latter, we have purified the chicken liver ecto-ATPDase to homogeneity. The purified enzyme is a glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 85 kDa and a specific activity of approximate to 1000 U.mg protein(-1) . Although slightly larger than the 80-kDa oviduct enzyme, the two ecto-ATPDases are nearly identical with respect to their enzymatic properties and mass of the deglycosylated proteins. The primary sequence of the liver ecto-ATPDase deduced from its cDNA obtained by RT-PCR cloning also shows only minor differences from that of the oviduct ecto-ATPDase. Immunochemical staining demonstrates the distribution of the ecto-ATPDase in the bile canaliculi of the chicken liver. HeLa cells transfected with the chicken liver ecto-ATPDase cDNA express an ecto-nucleotidase activity with characteristics similar to the enzyme in its native membranes, most significant of these is stimulation of the ATPDase activity by detergents, which inhibits other members of the ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) family. The stimulation of the expressed liver ecto-ATPDase by detergents indicates that this property is intrinsic to the enzyme protein, and cannot be attributed to the lipid environment of the native membranes. The molecular identification and expression of a liver ecto-ATPDase, reported here for the first time, will facilitate future investigations into the differences between structure and function of the different E-NTPDases, existence of liver ecto-ATPDase isoforms in different species, its alteration in pathogenic conditions, and its physiological function. C1 San Diego State Univ, Dept Chem, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Metropolitan State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, St Paul, MN USA. RP Knowles, AF (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Chem, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. NR 51 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-2956 J9 EUR J BIOCHEM JI Eur. J. Biochem. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 269 IS 9 BP 2373 EP 2382 DI 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02898.x PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 549HH UT WOS:000175438100016 PM 11985621 ER PT J AU Fiala, M Liu, QN Sayre, J Pop, V Brahmandam, V Graves, MC Vinters, HV AF Fiala, M Liu, QN Sayre, J Pop, V Brahmandam, V Graves, MC Vinters, HV TI Cyclooxygenase-2-positive macrophages infiltrate the Alzheimer's disease brain and damage the blood-brain barrier SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; amyloid x beta clearance; blood-brain barrier; HIV-1 encephalitis; monocyte/macrophage; T lymphocyte ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX; MICROGLIAL CELLS; TRANSGENIC MICE; BETA-PROTEIN; A-BETA; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION AB Background Monocyte/macrophages are known to infiltrate the brain of patients with HIV-1 encephalitis (HIVE), In Alzheimer's disease brain, the origin of activated microglia has not been determined. Materials and methods We employed the antigen retrieval technique, immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescense, and confocal microscopy to identify macrophages and microglia in relation to amyloid-beta plaques and the blood-brain barrier in autopsy brain tissues from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and HIVE. Results In both conditions, cyclooxygenase-2 positive macrophages and, to a lesser degree, T and B cells infiltrate brain perivascular spaces and neuropil. The macrophages are distinguishable from ramified microglia, and decorate the vessels at the sites of apparent of endothelial tight junction protein ZO-1 disruption. The macrophages. also infiltrate amyloid-beta plaques, display intracellular amyloid-beta and are surrounded by amyloid-D-free lacunae. Furthermore, the macrophages partially encircle the walls of amyloid-p-containing vessels in amyloid angiopathy, and exhibit intracellular amyloid-beta but not paracellular lacunae. Significantly larger zones of fibrinogen leakage surround the microvessels in HIVE brain tissues compared with AD tissues (P = 0.034), and AD tissues have significantly greater leakage than control tissues (P = 0.0339). The AD group differs from a normal control age-matched group with respect to both the area occupied by CD68 (P= 0.03) and cyclooxygenase-2 immunoreactive cells (P = 0.004). Conclusion In both HIVE and AD, blood-borne activated monocyte/macrophages and lymphocytes appear to migrate through a disrupted blood-brain barrier. The lacunae around macrophages in amyloid-beta plaques but not in vessel walls are consistent with the ability of macrophages to phagocytize and clear amyloid-beta deposits in vitro. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med Neuropathol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Neuropsychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Fiala, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Cardiovasc Res Lab, 3645 MRL,675 Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P01AG12435, P50AG16570]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA10442]; NIMH NIH HHS [R24MH59656, R24MH59724] NR 71 TC 131 Z9 135 U1 3 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-2972 J9 EUR J CLIN INVEST JI Eur. J. Clin. Invest. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 32 IS 5 BP 360 EP 371 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2002.00994.x PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 553JN UT WOS:000175672200012 PM 12027877 ER PT J AU Anzueto, A AF Anzueto, A TI Exogenous surfactant in acute respiratory distress syndrome: more is better SO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID PULMONARY SURFACTANT; LUNG SURFACTANT; LAVAGE C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp Div, Pulm Dis Sect 111E, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Pulm Med Crit Care Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Anzueto, A (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp Div, Pulm Dis Sect 111E, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD PI SHEFFIELD PA 146 WEST ST, STE 2.4, HUTTONS BLDG, SHEFFIELD S1 4ES, ENGLAND SN 0903-1936 J9 EUR RESPIR J JI Eur. Resp. J. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 19 IS 5 BP 787 EP 789 DI 10.1183/09031936.02.00284902 PG 3 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 553AP UT WOS:000175653600001 PM 12030713 ER PT J AU Ishikawa, F Livingston, AG Wingard, JR Nishikawa, SI Ogawa, M AF Ishikawa, F Livingston, AG Wingard, JR Nishikawa, SI Ogawa, M TI An assay for long-term engrafting human hematopoietic cells based on newborn NOD/SCID/beta 2-microglobulin(null) mice SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY; SCID MICE; BONE-MARROW; REPOPULATING ACTIVITY; NOD/SCID MICE; IN-VITRO; BLOOD; MOUSE; MODEL; EXPANSION AB Objective. Of various types of xenograft assays, the use of NOD/SCID mice has been the most popular method for quantitating candidate human stem cells. Limitations of the assay include low levels of engraftment, except when large numbers of cells are injected, and the development of thymic lymphoma, which precluded observation of long-term engraftment. In order to establish an assay that allows long-term in vivo engraftment and higher engraftment levels by a reasonable number of human cells, we tested a model based on "conditioned newborn" NOD/SCID or NOD/SCID/beta2-microglobulin(null) (BMG(null)) mice. Materials and Methods. Using human cord blood mononuclear cells, we tested various nonradiation conditioning regimens and cell injection routes. Conditioning with a combination of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and anti-mouse c-kit blocking antibody (Ack-2) or a combination of busulfan (BU) and cyclophosphamide (CY) and the use of facial vein for the cell injection route yielded the highest levels of multilineage engraftment. Results. At 4-5 months posttransplantation, the median of engraftment level in bone marrow with 5FU/Ack-2 and BU/CY regimens were 0.9% (range: 0.2-40.5%) and 2.1% (range: 0.3-2.4%) in NOD/SCID mice, and 11.3% (range: 0.7-38%) and 14.1% (range: 0.8-52%) in NOD/SCID/BMG(null) mice, respectively. Multilineage engraftment was demonstrated by flow, cytometry and by the growth of multilineage colonies in methylcellulose culture. Secondary transplantation of the isolated human CD45(+) cells, also performed at 4-5 months posttransplantation, revealed engraftment at the levels of 1.5 +/- 0.42% at 2 months after secondary transplantation. Conclusion. Our assay may provide a quantitative method for analysis of human hematopoietic stem cells. (C) 2002 International Society for Experimental Hematology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Florida, Div Hematol Oncol, Gainesville, FL USA. Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet, Kyoto, Japan. RP Ogawa, M (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RI 石川, 文彦/L-4488-2014 FU NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA78582]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK54197] NR 24 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 30 IS 5 BP 488 EP 494 AR PII S0301-472X(02)00784-1 DI 10.1016/S0301-472X(02)00784-1 PG 7 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 548HR UT WOS:000175383000014 PM 12031656 ER PT J AU Giri, S Jatana, M Rattan, R Won, JS Singh, I Singh, AK AF Giri, S Jatana, M Rattan, R Won, JS Singh, I Singh, AK TI Galactosylsphingosine (psychosine)-induced expression of cytokine-mediated inducible nitric oxide synthases via AP-1 and C/EBP: implications for Krabbe disease SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cerebroside; GLD; iNOS; oligodendrocytes; beta-galactosidase ID GLOBOID-CELL LEUKODYSTROPHY; NF-KAPPA-B; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; TWITCHER MOUSE; PSYCHOSINE GALACTOSYLSPHINGOSINE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; GENE-EXPRESSION; SPINAL-CORD; ACCUMULATION; BETA AB Globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe disease) is characterized by the accumulation of a toxic metabolite, psychosine (galactosylsphingosine), which is a substrate for the deficient enzyme (galactocerebroside beta-galactosidase). This study underscores the possible role of psychosine in the effect of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) -derived NO in the pathophysiology of this demyelinating disease. For the first time, we provide evidence of the expression of iNOS in CNS of Krabbe patient and show that the iNOS-expressing cells in the CNS were astrocytes. Psychosine potentiated the LPS-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha) in primary rat astrocytes and regulated the cytokine-mediated production of NO in C6 glioma and primary rat astrocyte. Psychosine induced cytokine-mediated nuclear translocation of AP-1 and C/EBP by potentiating the expression of Fra-1 and C/EBP-delta proteins. This suggests that psychosine maintained or sustained the cytokine-primed expression of iNOS by further potentiating the nuclear translocation of AP-1 and C/EBP without modulating the cytokine-mediated transcription activity of NF-kappaB. This study hypothesizes that accumulated psychosine leads to production of cytokines and iNOS expression. The ensuing excessive production of NO and ONOO- may play a role in pathogenesis of Krabbe disease. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Charleston, SC USA. RP Singh, AK (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, 316 Clin Sci Bldg, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM singhi@musc.edu FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-22576, NS-40810, NS 37766, NS-34741] NR 62 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 16 IS 7 AR UNSP 0892-6638/02/0016-0661 DI 10.1096/fj.01-0798com PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 558NR UT WOS:000175973900020 PM 11978730 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM AF Jensen, DM TI Endoscopic screening for varices in cirrhosis: Findings, implications, and outcomes SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED RANDOMIZED TRIAL; LARGE ESOPHAGEAL-VARICES; PROPHYLACTIC SCLEROTHERAPY; NATURAL-HISTORY; PORTAL-HYPERTENSION; LIVER-CIRRHOSIS; PRIMARY PREVENTION; BAND LIGATION; HEMORRHAGE; RISK AB At least two thirds of cirrhotic patients develop esophageal varices during their lifetime. Severe upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding as a complication of portal hypertension develops in about 30%-40% of cirrhotics. Despite significant improvements in the early diagnosis and treatment of esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage, the mortality rate of first variceal hemorrhage remains high (20%-35%). Primary prophylaxis, the focus of this article, is treatment of patients who never had previous variceal bleeding to prevent the first variceal hemorrhage. The potential of preventing first variceal hemorrhage offers the promise of reducing mortality, morbidity, and associated health care costs. This article (1) reviews endoscopic grading of size and stigmata for esophageal and gastric varices, (2) describes data on prevalence and incidence of esophageal and gastric varices from prospective studies, (3) discusses independent risk factors from multivariate analyses of prospective studies for development of first esophageal or gastric variceal hemorrhage and possible stratification of patients based on these risk factors, (4) comments on the potential cost effectiveness of screening all newly diagnosed cirrhotic patients and treating high-risk patients with medical or endoscopic therapies, and (5) recommends further studies of endoscopic screening, stratification, and outcomes in prospective studies of endoscopic therapy. The author's recommendations are to perform endoscopic screening for the following subgroups of cirrhotics: all newly diagnosed cirrhotic patients and all other cirrhotics who are medically stable, willing to be treated prophylactically, and would benefit from medical or endoscopic therapies. Exclude patients who are unlikely to benefit from prophylactic therapies designed to prevent the first variceal hemorrhage, those with short life expectancy, and those with previous UGI hemorrhage (they should have already undergone endoscopy). For low or very low risk cirrhotic patients-those found to have no varices or small varices without stigmata-repeat endoscopy is recommended because screening for progression may be warranted in 2 or more years. C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Jensen, DM (reprint author), Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Bldg 115,Room 318,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR 00865]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 41301, R01 DK 49527, R01 K24 DK 02650] NR 53 TC 105 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD MAY PY 2002 VL 122 IS 6 BP 1620 EP 1630 DI 10.1053/gast.2002.33419 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 553FE UT WOS:000175664500006 PM 12016427 ER PT J AU Ostrow, JD Pascolo, L Tiribelli, C AF Ostrow, JD Pascolo, L Tiribelli, C TI Mechanisms of bilirubin neurotoxicity SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNCONJUGATED BILIRUBIN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RAT ASTROCYTES; SERUM-ALBUMIN; ACTIVATION; APOPTOSIS; RECEPTORS; BINDING; NEURONS; CELLS C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, GI Hepatol Div, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Trieste, Liver Res Ctr CSF, Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dept BBCM, Trieste, Italy. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Res Serv 151L, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Ostrow, JD (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Res Serv 151L, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD MAY PY 2002 VL 35 IS 5 BP 1277 EP 1280 DI 10.1053/jhep.2002.33432 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 546YZ UT WOS:000175305800030 PM 11981780 ER PT J AU Lantelme, P Rohrwasser, A Gociman, B Hillas, E Cheng, T Petty, G Thomas, J Xiao, S Ishigami, T Herrmann, T Terreros, DA Ward, K Lalouel, JM AF Lantelme, P Rohrwasser, A Gociman, B Hillas, E Cheng, T Petty, G Thomas, J Xiao, S Ishigami, T Herrmann, T Terreros, DA Ward, K Lalouel, JM TI Effects of dietary sodium and genetic background on angiotensinogen and renin in mouse SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE angiotensinogen; renin; sodium; mouse; genetics; urine ID PROXIMAL TUBULE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; MESSENGER-RNA; RAT-KIDNEY; EXPRESSION; HYPERTENSION; MECHANISM; MICE; SALT AB Elements of a renin-angiotensin system expressed along the entire nephron, including angiotensinogen secreted by proximal tubule and renin expressed in connecting tubule, may participate in the regulation of sodium reabsorption at multiple sites of the nephron. The response of this tubular renin-angiotensin system to stepwise changes in dietary sodium was investigated in 2 mouse strains, the sodium-sensitive inbred C57BL/6 and the sodium-resistant CD1 outbred. Plasma angiotensinogen was not affected by sodium regimen, whereas plasma renin increased 2-fold under low sodium. In both strains. the variation in urinary parameters did not parallel the changes observed in plasma. Angiotensinogen and renin excretion were significantly higher under high sodium than under low sodium. Water deprivation, by contrast, induced significant activation in the tubular expression of angiotensinogen and renin. C57BL/6 exhibited significantly hi-her Urinary excretion of angiotensinogen than did CD1 animals under both conditions of sodium intake. The extent to which these urinary parameters reflect systemic or tubular responses to challenges of sodium homeostasis may depend on the relative contribution of sodium restriction and volume depletion. C1 Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Eccles Inst Human Genet, Dept Human Genet, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Lyon 1, Lyon, France. Univ Utah, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Univ Utah, Dept Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Lalouel, JM (reprint author), Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Eccles Inst Human Genet, Dept Human Genet, Eccles Bldg,6th Floor, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RI Lantelme, Pierre/B-4567-2013 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-55000, HL-45325, HL-55812] NR 30 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0194-911X J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD MAY PY 2002 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1007 EP 1014 DI 10.1161/01.HYP.0000016177.20565.A0 PG 8 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 556MJ UT WOS:000175853300012 PM 12019284 ER PT J AU Travi, BL Osorio, Y Melby, PC Chandrasekar, B Arteaga, L Saravia, NG AF Travi, BL Osorio, Y Melby, PC Chandrasekar, B Arteaga, L Saravia, NG TI Gender is a major determinant of the clinical evolution and immune response in hamsters infected with Leishmania spp. SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR; AMERICAN CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; IFN-GAMMA; INTERFERON-GAMMA; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; DBA/2 MICE; METASTATIC CAPABILITY; MURINE LEISHMANIASIS; CYTOKINE PROFILE AB In regions where leishmaniasis is endemic, clinical disease is usually reported more frequently among males than females. This difference could be due to disparate risks of exposure of males and females, but gender-related differences in the host response to infection may also play a role. Experimental studies of the influence of gender on Leishmania infection have not included parasites of the subgenus Viannia, which is the most common cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Americas. Mice are not readily susceptible to infection by Leishmania (Viannia) spp., but cutaneous infection of hamsters with L. (V.) panamensis or L. (V.) guyanensis resulted in chronic lesions typical of the human disease caused by these parasites. Strikingly, infection of male hamsters resulted in significantly, greater lesion size and severity, an increased rate of dissemination to distant cutaneous sites, and a greater parasite burden in the draining lymph node than infection in female animals. Two lines of evidence indicated this gender-related difference in disease evolution was determined at least in part by the sex hormone status of the animal. First, prepubertal male animals had smaller and/or less severe cutaneous lesions than adult male animals. Second, infection of testosterone-treated female animals resulted in significantly larger lesions than in untreated female animals. The increased severity of disease in male compared to female animals was associated with significantly greater intralesional expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) (P = 0.04), IL-10 (P = 0.04), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) (P < 0.001), cytokines known to promote disease in experimental leishmaniasis. There was a direct correlation between the expression of TGF-beta mRNA and lesion size (Spearman's correlation coefficient = 0.873; P < 0.001). These findings demonstrate an inherent risk of increased disease severity, in male animals, which is associated with a more permissive immune response. C1 CIDEIM, Ctr Internacl Entrenamiento & Invest Med, Cali, Colombia. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Travi, BL (reprint author), CIDEIM, Ctr Internacl Entrenamiento & Invest Med, AA5390, Cali, Colombia. NR 39 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 70 IS 5 BP 2288 EP 2296 DI 10.1128/IAI.70.5.2288-2296.2002 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 543NH UT WOS:000175107700007 PM 11953362 ER PT J AU Cullen, PA Cordwell, SJ Bulach, DM Haake, DA Adler, B AF Cullen, PA Cordwell, SJ Bulach, DM Haake, DA Adler, B TI Global analysis of outer membrane proteins from Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID IMMOBILIZED PH GRADIENTS; PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRA; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; MYCOPLASMA-HYOPNEUMONIAE; SUBTYPE HARDJOBOVIS; MAMMALIAN INFECTION; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM; MOLECULAR-CLONING AB Recombinant leptospiral outer membrane proteins (OMPs) can elicit immunity to leptospirosis in a hamster infection model. Previously characterized OMPs appear highly conserved, and thus their potential to stimulate heterologous immunity is of critical importance. In this study we undertook a global analysis of leptospiral OMPs, which were obtained by Triton X-114 extraction and phase partitioning. Outer membrane fractions were isolated from Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai grown at 20, 30, and 37degreesC with or without 10% fetal calf serum and, finally, in iron-depleted medium. The OMPs were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Gel patterns from each of the five conditions were compared via image analysis, and 37 gel-purified proteins were tryptically digested and characterized by mass spectrometry (MS). Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight MS was used to rapidly identify leptospiral OMPs present in sequence databases. Proteins identified by this approach included the outer membrane lipoproteins LipL32, LipL36, LipL41, and LipL48. No known proteins from any cellular location other than the outer membrane were identified. Tandem electrospray MS was used to obtain peptide sequence information from eight novel proteins designated pL18, pL21, pL22, pL24, pL45, pL47/49, pL50, and pL55. The expression of LipL36 and pL50 was not apparent at temperatures above 30degreesC or under iron-depleted conditions. The expression of pL24 was also downregulated after iron depletion. The leptospiral major OMP LipL32 was observed to undergo substantial cleavage under all conditions except iron depletion. Additionally, significant downregulation of these mass forms was observed under iron limitation at 30degreesC, but not at 30degreesC alone, suggesting that LipL32 processing is dependent on iron-regulated extracellular proteases. However, separate cleavage products responded differently to changes in growth temperature and medium constituents, indicating that more than one process may be involved in LipL-12 processing. Furthermore, under iron-depleted conditions there was no concomitant increase in the levels of the intact form of LipL32. The temperature- and iron-regulated expression of LipL36 and the iron-dependent cleavage of LipL-32 were confirmed by immunoblotting with specific antisera. Global analysis of the cellular location and expression of leptospiral proteins will be useful in the annotation of genomic sequence data and in providing insight into the biology of Leptospira. C1 Monash Univ, Dept Microbiol, Bacterial Pathogenesis Res Grp, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. Macquarie Univ, Australian Proteome Anal Facil, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Adler, B (reprint author), Monash Univ, Dept Microbiol, Bacterial Pathogenesis Res Grp, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. RI Bulach, Dieter/D-5793-2011 OI Bulach, Dieter/0000-0001-9823-6078 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI034431, R01 AI034431-06A2] NR 55 TC 132 Z9 154 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 70 IS 5 BP 2311 EP 2318 DI 10.1128/IAI.70.5.2311-2318.2002 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 543NH UT WOS:000175107700010 PM 11953365 ER PT J AU Evers, MM Samuels, SC Lantz, M Khan, K Brickman, AM Marin, DB AF Evers, MM Samuels, SC Lantz, M Khan, K Brickman, AM Marin, DB TI The prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of depression in dementia patients in chronic care facilities in the last six months of life SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE depression; dementia; nursing homes ID NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; ELDERLY PATIENTS; NATURAL-HISTORY; PSYCHIATRIC-SYMPTOMS; OLDER; RECOGNITION; TRIAL AB Objective To assess the prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of depression among dementia patients and normal controls in chronic care facilities in the last six months of life. Method We reviewed perimortal data concerning dementia severity, depressive symptoms and diagnoses, and medication use for 279 dementia patients and 24 normal controls brought to autopsy through an Alzheimer's Disease Resource Center. Results Major depression was highly prevalent among both dementia patients and normal controls in chronic care facilities in the last six months of life. This depression was under-diagnosed by physicians. Documentation of depressive symptoms by medical support staff has improved over time. However, physician diagnosis of depression has not improved. Recognition of depression was significantly lower for patients with severe dementia. Depression was under-treated in both dementia patients and normal controls, although treatment rates may be increasing. Anxiolytics and hypnotics were often used in lieu of, or in addition to, antidepressant therapy. Conclusions Major depression was highly prevalent in both dementia patients and normal controls, indicating that depression is an important issue for the elderly in the last six months of life irrespective of cognitive status. Under-diagnosis of depression may be an important clinical issue. As physician diagnosis of depression has not improved with time, further physician training and/or awareness initiatives may be warranted. Depression, a treatable cause of excess morbidity and mortality, was undertreated in all groups studied. However, treatment rates may be improving. The prevalent use of anxiolytics and hypnotics for depressed patients is problematic. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Geriat, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. RP Marin, DB (reprint author), CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Box 1230 1 Gustave L Levy pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 02219, AG 05138] NR 72 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6230 J9 INT J GERIATR PSYCH JI Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 17 IS 5 BP 464 EP 472 DI 10.1002/gps.634 PG 9 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 554NB UT WOS:000175741100010 PM 11994936 ER PT J AU Fuhr, PS Chung, KH Holmes, LD Mitchell, S Wesley, JD McIntosh, E Elliott, JL Kuyk, TK AF Fuhr, PS Chung, KH Holmes, LD Mitchell, S Wesley, JD McIntosh, E Elliott, JL Kuyk, TK TI Estimations of functional vision correlate with NEI VFQ SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 05-10, 2002 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Optometry, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 43 SU 2 MA 3813 BP U1051 EP U1051 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CG UT WOS:000184606700965 ER PT J AU Lee, RH Ng, PS Yu, H AF Lee, RH Ng, PS Yu, H TI Multisite and hierarchical phosphorylation in light regulation of phosducin phosphorylation SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 05-10, 2002 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Mol Neurobiol Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater LA Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 43 SU 1 MA 1390 BP U312 EP U312 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CF UT WOS:000184606601346 ER PT J AU Obritsch, WF Coloso, SJ Van Remmen, H Yang, J Gregerson, DS Ferrington, DA AF Obritsch, WF Coloso, SJ Van Remmen, H Yang, J Gregerson, DS Ferrington, DA TI Increased apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells with reduced antioxidant enzymes SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 05-10, 2002 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. Grecc S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 43 SU 1 MA 674 BP U147 EP U147 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CF UT WOS:000184606600649 ER PT J AU Swenson, ER Maggiorini, M Mongovin, S Gibbs, JSR Greve, I Mairbaurl, HH Bartsch, P AF Swenson, ER Maggiorini, M Mongovin, S Gibbs, JSR Greve, I Mairbaurl, HH Bartsch, P TI Pathogenesis of high-altitude pulmonary edema - Inflammation is not an etiologic factor SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MOUNTAIN-SICKNESS; INHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE; STRESS FAILURE; HYPOXIA; LUNG; PERMEABILITY; FLUID; RABBIT; REDISTRIBUTION AB Context The pathogenesis of high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is considered an altered permeability of the alveolar-capillary barrier secondary to intense pulmonary vasoconstriction and high capillary pressure, but previous bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) findings in well-established HAPE are also consistent with inflammatory etiologic characteristics. Objectives To determine whether inflammation is a primary event in HAPE and to define the temporal sequence of events in HAPE. Design, Setting, and Participants Case study from July through August 1999 of 10 subjects with susceptibility to HAPE and 6 subjects resistant to HAPE, all of whom are nonprofessional alpinists with previous mountaineering experience above 3000 m. Main Outcome Measures Pulmonary artery pressure measurements and BAL findings at low altitude (490 m) and shortly before or at the onset of HAPE at an altitude of 4559 m. Results Subjects who were HAPE susceptible had higher mean (SD) pulmonary artery systolic blood pressures at 4559 m compared with HAPE-resistant subjects (66 vs 37 mm Hg; P=.004). Despite development of HAPE in the majority of HAPE-susceptible subjects, there were no differences in BAL fluid total leukocyte counts between resistant and susceptible subjects or between counts taken at low and high altitudes. Subjects who developed HAPE had BAL fluid with high concentrations of plasma-derived proteins and erythrocytes, but there was no increase in plasma concentrations of surfactant protein A and Clara cell protein. The chest radiograph score was 12.7 for the 3 HAPE-susceptible subjects who developed HAPE before BAL was performed; they were lavaged within 3 to 5 hours. The remainder of the HAPE-susceptible group was lavaged before edema was apparent on radiographs. However, 6 subjects from the HAPE-susceptible group who developed HAPE on the following day had a score on bronchoscopy of 1.5, which increased to 4.6, reflective of mild pulmonary edema. In HAPE cases, there were no elevations in a number of proinflammatory cytokines and eicosanoid and nitric oxide metabolites. Conclusions Early HAPE is characterized by high pulmonary artery pressures that lead to a protein-rich and mildly hemorrhagic edema, with normal levels of leukocytes, cytokines, and eicosanoids. HAPE is a form of hydrostatic pulmonary edema with altered alveolar-capillary permeability. C1 Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Zurich Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Med Intens Care Unit, Zurich, Switzerland. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sch Sci Technol & Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London, England. Univ Clin Heidelberg, Dept Med, Div Sports Med, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Swenson, ER (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Pulm & Crit Care Sect, S-111-Pulm,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 55 TC 167 Z9 179 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 1 PY 2002 VL 287 IS 17 BP 2228 EP 2235 DI 10.1001/jama.287.17.2228 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 546EZ UT WOS:000175260600023 PM 11980523 ER PT J AU Peabody, JW Robalino, DA Kim, JH AF Peabody, JW Robalino, DA Kim, JH TI An evaluation of universal health insurance in the elderly: Burden of disease, utilization, and costs in the Republic of Korea SO JOURNAL OF AGING AND HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Objective: This article evaluates Korea's national health insurance system for the elderly by simultaneously examining disease patters, demand for care, utilization, costs of care, and facility type. Methods: Claim records (N = 8,306,976) for 1995 to 1997 were obtained from the Youndeoung-Po district for four insurance categories. Utilization is examined using a probit model, a linear regression model is used to compare costs. Findings: Insurees averaged 10.6 medical visits per year, most commonly for acute respiratory diseases. The elderly were more likely to seek care for circulatory problems, use more inpatient services, and rely on hospitals for outpatient care. Insurance costs for the elderly poor were markedly higher, and overall care for the elderly was higher per visit. Discussion: By simultaneously analyzing utilization rates, disease patterns, and relative costs of care, policy makers may be able to avert a financing crisis. Stronger pricing strategies and better disease targeting would adjust utilization and increase efficiency of health expenditures. C1 Inst Global Hlth, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA. World Bank, Washington, DC 20433 USA. RP Peabody, JW (reprint author), Inst Global Hlth, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 74 New Montgomery St,Suite 508, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0898-2643 J9 J AGING HEALTH JI J. Aging Health PD MAY PY 2002 VL 14 IS 2 BP 286 EP 309 DI 10.1177/089826430201400206 PG 24 WC Gerontology; Health Policy & Services SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 542ZM UT WOS:000175075900006 PM 11995744 ER PT J AU Sun, W Sarma, JSM Singh, BN AF Sun, W Sarma, JSM Singh, BN TI Chronic and acute effects of dronedarone on the action potential of rabbit atrial muscle preparations: Comparison with amiodarone SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE action potential; amiodarone; dronedarone; effective refractory period; frequency dependency ID PIG VENTRICULAR MYOCYTES; ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT; ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISM; SODIUM-CHANNELS; CARDIAC-MUSCLE; K+ CURRENT; CELLS; FIBRILLATION; SR-33589; CALCIUM AB Dronedarone, a noniodinated derivative of amiodarone, is under evaluation as a potentially less toxic anti-arrhythmic alternative to amiodarone. The acute and chronic electrophysiologic effects of dronedarone and amiodarone were compared in isolated rabbit atrial muscle by microelectrode techniques. Four-week PO treatment with dronedarone or amiodarone increased action potential duration (APD(90)) (58 +/- 4 ms control versus 69 +/- 2 ms dronedarone, p < 0.01; 68 +/- 3 ms amiodarone, p < 0.01 for a 100-mg/kg/d dose) and effective refractory period (49 6 Ins control versus 68 4 ms dronedarone, p < 0.01; 63 +/- 3 ms amiodarone, p < 0.01). The APD(90) prolonged reverse rate-dependency. In contrast, acute superfusion with 10 muM dronedarone or amiodarone decreased APD(90) (61 +/- 6 ms control versus 53 +/- 4 ms dronedarone, p < 0.05; 52 +/- 6 ms amiodarone, p < 0.05), effective refractory period (50 +/- 5 ms control versus 44 +/- 4 Ins dronedarone, p < 0.05; 43 6 ms amiodarone, p < 0.05), and the maximum upstroke slope of the action potential (V-max) (188 +/- 9 V/s control versus 182 +/- 11 V/s dronedarone p < 0.05; 182 +/- 11 V/s amiodarone, p < 0.05). Thus, chronic and acute electrophysiologic effects of dronedarone on rabbit atrial muscle are similar to those of amiodarone, suggesting a similar potential against atrial arrhythmias. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Cardiol, Cardiovasc Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Cardiol, Cardiovasc Res Lab, 11301 Wilshire Bldg,111E, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 37 TC 73 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0160-2446 J9 J CARDIOVASC PHARM JI J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 39 IS 5 BP 677 EP 684 DI 10.1097/00005344-200205000-00008 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 546FH UT WOS:000175262000008 PM 11973411 ER PT J AU Cao, GD Luo, YM Nagayama, T Pei, W Stetler, RA Graham, SH Chen, J AF Cao, GD Luo, YM Nagayama, T Pei, W Stetler, RA Graham, SH Chen, J TI Cloning and characterization of rat caspase-9: Implications for a role in mediating caspase-3 activation and hippocampal cell death after transient cerebral ischemia SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; cerebral ischemia; caspases; mitochrondria; Apaf-1 ID CYTOCHROME-C RELEASE; DELAYED NEURONAL DEATH; DNA FRAGMENTATION; IN-VIVO; ENDOGENOUS INHIBITOR; BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; WD-40 REPEAT; FOCAL STROKE; APOPTOSIS; EXPRESSION AB Delayed hippocampal neurodegeneration after transient global ischemia is mediated. at least in part. through the activation of terminal caspases, particularly caspase-3. and the subsequent proteolytic degradation of critical Cellular proteins. Caspase-3 may be activated by the membrane receptor-initiated caspase-8-dependent extrinsic path ay and the mitochondria-initiated caspase-9-dependent intrinsic pathway: however the precise role of these deduced apoptosis-signaling pathways in activating caspase-3 in ischemic neurons remains elusive. The authors cloned the caspase-9-ene from the rat brain and investigated its potential role in mediating ischemic neuronal death in a rat model of transient global ischemia. Caspase-9 gene expression and protease activity ere extremely low in the adult brain. whereas them were developmentally upregulated in newborn rats, especially at postnatal 12 weeks. a finding consistent with the theory of an essential role for caspase-9 in neuronal apoptosis during brain development. After 15-minute transient global ischemia. caspase-9 was over-expressed and protcolytically activated in the hippocampal CAI neurons at 8 to 72 hours of reperfusion. The temporal profile of capase-9 activation coincided with that of cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation, but preceded CAI neuronal death. Immunoprecipitation experiments, revealed that there was enhanced formation of Apaf-1/caspase-9 complex in the hippocampus 8 and 24 hours after ischemia. Furthermore. intracerebral ventricular infusion of the related specific caspase-9 inhibitor N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Leu-Glu-His-Asp- fluoro-methylketone before ischemic attenuated caspase-3-like activity and significantly enhanced neuronal survival in the CAI sector. In contrast, inhibition of caspase-8 activity had no significant effect on caspase-3 activation or neuronal survival. These results that the caspase-9-dependent intrinsic pathway may be the primary mechanism responsible for the activation of caspase-3 in ischemic hippocampal neurons. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh Inst Neurol Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, S-507,Biomed Sci Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 35965, NS 38560, NS 36736] NR 52 TC 76 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-678X J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 22 IS 5 BP 534 EP 546 PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548CN UT WOS:000175371200005 PM 11973426 ER PT J AU Ibrahim, SA Burant, CJ Siminoff, LA Stoller, EP Kwoh, CK AF Ibrahim, SA Burant, CJ Siminoff, LA Stoller, EP Kwoh, CK TI Self-assessed global quality of life: A comparison between African-American and white older patients with arthritis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE quality of life; ethnicity; joint replacement; osteoathritis; ethnic disparity; older patients ID TOTAL HIP-ARTHROPLASTY; OF-VETERANS-AFFAIRS; OSTEO-ARTHRITIS; HEALTH-STATUS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; POPULATION; VALIDATION; DEPRESSION; KNEE; SYSTEM AB Quality of life (QOL) perceptions influence patient decisions and preferences for care and, more importantly, physicians may render recommendations based on their impressions of the patient's QOL. QOL is perceived differently by different ethnic groups. This may have implications for understanding ethnic disparities in medical procedure utilization such as joint replacement for osteoarthritis. In a study of 596 elderly male patients with moderate to severe symptomatic knee/hip osteoarthritis, we examined how African-American and white patients rate their overall QOL. We adjusted their responses for important demographic, clinical, and psychosocial potential confounders. African-American (44%) and white (56%) patients in this study were comparable, except that African-Americans reported lower socioeconomic status compared with whites. After adjusting for all other study covariates, African-American ethnicity (B=-0.121, P=0.004) was negatively correlated with overall QOL ratings. How ethnic variations in perceptions of QOL impact observed ethnic disparity in the utilization of joint replacement therapy needs further investigation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Div Gen Internal Med,Dept Med, Univ Hosp Cleveland, Louis Stokes Dept,VA Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Div Hlth Care Res,Dept Med, Univ Hosp Cleveland, Louis Stokes Dept,VA Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, EPS, Ctr Aging & Hlth, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Ibrahim, SA (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Univ Dr C,11 East 130A-U, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RI Siminoff, Laura /H-6277-2012 NR 33 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 55 IS 5 BP 512 EP 517 AR PII S0895-4356(01)00501-7 DI 10.1016/S0895-4356(01)00501-7 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 550VD UT WOS:000175523500013 PM 12007555 ER PT J AU Klapow, JC Wilcox, CM Mallinger, AP Marks, R Heudebert, GR Centor, RM Lawrence, W Richter, J AF Klapow, JC Wilcox, CM Mallinger, AP Marks, R Heudebert, GR Centor, RM Lawrence, W Richter, J TI Characterization of long-term outcomes after Toupet fundoplication - Symptoms, medication use, and health status SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Review DE fundoplication; Toupet; GERD ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE; CONVENTIONAL NISSEN FUNDOPLICATION; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; WELL-BEING SCORES; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; LAPAROSCOPIC NISSEN; ANTIREFLUX SURGERY; PREDICTING QUALITY; FOLLOW-UP; ESOPHAGITIS AB Goals and Background: Fundoplication is increasingly used for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Few studies have tracked patient outcomes of the Toupet method for more than I year. Further clinical, physiologic, and patient-based outcome measures have not been well characterized for this method. The cur-rent study conducts a long-term, comprehensive outcome evaluation in patients receiving Toupet fundoplication. Study: Fifty-five patients who had previously undergone fundoplication were examined. In a subset of 24 patients. esophagogastroduodenoscopy was used to assess the severity of reflux esophagitis. Manometry and ambulatory pH monitoring also Were performed. Results: Patients were studied 2.9 (+/- 0.7) years after surgery. Sixty-seven percent of the sample reported heartburn, 51% reported postoperative bloating, 33% reported regurgitation, and 20% reported dysphagia. Thirty-three percent reported the use of prescription medications for GERD-related symptoms. Health status was diminished relative to population norms. Degree of GERD severity was associated with symptom reports and medication use. Conclusions: Although fundoplication is thought to be a curative procedure, the current findings suggest that many patients take symptomatic therapies and report symptoms and diminished health status up to 2 years after the procedure. These outcomes are associated With physiologic findings. Thus, these findings suggest that symptom-free status and absence of medication use cannot be assumed for all patients after Toupet fundoplication. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Psychol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Care Org & Policy, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Ctr Outcomes & Effectiveness Res & Educ, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Cleveland, OH USA. Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC 20057 USA. RP Klapow, JC (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Psychol, 330 Ryals Publ Hlth Bldg, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0192-0790 J9 J CLIN GASTROENTEROL JI J. Clin. Gastroenterol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2002 VL 34 IS 5 BP 509 EP 515 DI 10.1097/01.MCG.0000012442.77921/39 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 544PJ UT WOS:000175168900005 PM 11960060 ER PT J AU Perea, S Gonzalez, G Fothergill, AW Sutton, DA Rinaldi, MG AF Perea, S Gonzalez, G Fothergill, AW Sutton, DA Rinaldi, MG TI In vitro activities of terbinafine in combination with fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole against clinical isolates of Candida glabrata with decreased susceptibility to azoles SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; OROPHARYNGEAL CANDIDIASIS; ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; ALBICANS AB A checkerboard microdilution method, performed according to the recommendations of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, was used to study the in vitro interaction of terbinafine (TRB) with fluconazole (FLU), itraconazole (ITRA), voriconazole (VRC), and posaconazole (PSZ) in 24 isolates of Candida glabrata with decreased susceptibility to azoles isolated from the oral cavities of human immunodeficiency virus patients. Synergy, defined as a fractional inhibitory concentration index of less than or equal to0.5, was observed in 17% of TRB-FLU interactions, 21% of TRB-ITRA, interactions, 33% of TRB-VRC interactions, and 12% of TRB-PSZ interactions. Where synergy was not achieved, there was still a decrease in the MIC of one or both drugs when used in combination. Antagonism was not observed in any drug combination. Clinical studies are warranted to elucidate the potential utility of these combination therapies. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Perea, S (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7881, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 14 TC 43 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 40 IS 5 BP 1831 EP 1833 DI 10.1128/JCM.40.5.1831-1833.2002 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 549DA UT WOS:000175428200047 PM 11980970 ER PT J AU Redding, SW Kirkpatrick, WR Coco, BJ Sadkowski, L Fothergill, AW Rinaldi, MG Eng, TY Patterson, TF AF Redding, SW Kirkpatrick, WR Coco, BJ Sadkowski, L Fothergill, AW Rinaldi, MG Eng, TY Patterson, TF TI Candida glabrata oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients receiving radiation treatment for head and neck cancer SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALBICANS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION AB Candida glabrata colonization is common in patients receiving radiation treatment for head and neck cancer, but to our knowledge has never been described as the infecting organism with or Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC). This study presents the first three patients describd with C. glabrata OPC in this patient population. Patient 1 developed C. glabrata OPC and required fluconazole, 800 mg/day, for clinical resolution. Antifungal susceptibility testing revealed a MIC of fluconazole of >64 mug/ml. Elapsed time from initial culturing to treatment decision was 7 days. Patients 2 and 3 developed C. glabrata OPC. They were patients in a study evaluating OPC infections, and cultures were taken immediately. CHROMagar Candida plates with 0, 8, and 16 mug of fluconazole/ml were employed for these cultures. Lavender colonies, consistent with C. glabrata, grew on the 0- and 8-mug plates but not on the 16-mug plate from patient 2 and grew on all three plates from patient 3. Based on these data, a fluconazole dose of 200 mg/day was chosen for patient 2 and it dose of 400 mg/day was chosen for patient 3, with clinical resolution in both. Elapsed time from initial culturing to treatment decision was 2 days. C. glabrata does cause OPC in head and neck radiation treatment patients, and the use of fluconazole-impregnated chromogenic agar may significantly reduce treatment decision time compared to that with conventional culturing and antifungal susceptibility testing. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Gen Dent, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Healthcare Syst, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Redding, SW (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Gen Dent, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 8 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 40 IS 5 BP 1879 EP 1881 DI 10.1128/JCM.40.5.1879-1881.2002 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 549DA UT WOS:000175428200061 PM 11980984 ER PT J AU Umbricht, DS Wirshing, WC Wirshing, DA McMeniman, M Schooler, NR Marder, SR Kane, JM AF Umbricht, DS Wirshing, WC Wirshing, DA McMeniman, M Schooler, NR Marder, SR Kane, JM TI Clinical predictors of response to clozapine treatment in ambulatory patients with schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT VIth International Congress on Schizophrenia Research CY APR 12-17, 1997 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO ID NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS; FLUPHENAZINE; OUTPATIENTS; HALOPERIDOL; SCALE AB Background: Despite the advent of new atypical antipsychotics, clozapine remains an important option in the treatment of patients with poor response to conventional antipsychotics. Clinicians would be well served if clinical characteristics Could be identified that predict a favorable response to clozapine. A few Studies addressing this issue have reported inconsistent results. Method: The association of clinical characteristics with a sustained response was investigated in 37 partially treatment-refractory outpatients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of chronic schizophrenia who had been assigned to clozapine treatment in a double-blind, haloperidol-controlled. long-term (29-week) study of clozapine. Response was defined as a 20% decrease of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) psychosis factor score sustained over 2 consecutive ratings. Differences between responders and nonresponders with regard to selected baseline variables were analyzed with t tests and chi(2) tests. In addition. Cox regression analyses were performed to identify variables that best predicted a response to clozapine treatment. Results: Clozapine responders were rated as less severely ill. showed a lesser degree of negative symptoms, and demonstrated fewer extrapyramidal side effects at baseline as compared with nonresponders. In addition, higher BPRS total scores-after controlling for the effects of the other variables-were associated with a response. Conclusion: In a cohort of partially treatment-refractory outpatients, a favorable response to clozapine was associated with characteristics describing less severely ill patients. The history of patients did not affect their response to clozapine. C1 Univ Zurich, Dept Psychiat Res, Psychiat Univ Hosp Zurich, CH-8029 Zurich, Switzerland. Hillside Hosp, Res Dept, Glen Oaks, NY 11004 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Umbricht, DS (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Dept Psychiat Res, Psychiat Univ Hosp Zurich, POB 68,Lenggstr 31, CH-8029 Zurich, Switzerland. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH41960, MH46484, MH46613, MH46672] NR 25 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 1 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD MAY PY 2002 VL 63 IS 5 BP 420 EP 424 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 552AN UT WOS:000175596300008 PM 12019667 ER PT J AU Hussein, MR Wood, GS AF Hussein, MR Wood, GS TI Microsatellite instability and its relevance to cutaneous tumorigenesis SO JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID NONPOLYPOSIS COLORECTAL-CANCER; MISMATCH REPAIR GENES; MUIR-TORRE-SYNDROME; SPORADIC ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMAS; SPONTANEOUS MUTATION-RATES; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; DNA-REPLICATION ERRORS; BASAL-CELL CARCINOMA; SHORT TANDEM REPEATS; GASTRIC CARCINOMAS AB Increasing evidence suggests that human tumors sequentially accumulate multiple mutations that cannot be explained by the low rates of spontaneous mutations in normal cells (2-3 mutations/cell). The mathematical models estimate that for the solid tumors to develop, as many as 6-12 mutations are required in each tumor cell. Therefore, to account for such high mutation rates, it is proposed that tumor cells are genetically unstable, i.e. they have genome-wide mutations at short repetitive DNA sequences called microsatellites. Microsatellite repeats are scattered throughout the human genome, primarily in the non-coding regions, and can give rise to variants with increased or reduced lengths, i.e. microsatellite instability (MSI). This instability has been reported in an increasing number of cutaneous tumors including: melanocytic tumors, basal cell carcinomas and primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Moreover, MSI has been observed in skin tumors arising in the context of some hereditary disorders such as Muir-Torre syndrome, Von Recklinghausen's disease and disseminated superficial porokeratosis. While MSI in some of these disorders reflects underlying DNA replication errors, the mechanism of instability in others is still unknown. Thus far, MSI is considered to be a distinct tumorigenic pathway that reveals surprising versatility. The ramifications for cutaneous neoplasms warrant further investigation. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Dermatol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Wood, GS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Dermatol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR02136] NR 131 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0303-6987 J9 J CUTAN PATHOL JI J. Cutan. Pathol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 29 IS 5 BP 257 EP 267 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2002.290501.x PG 11 WC Dermatology; Pathology SC Dermatology; Pathology GA 570CR UT WOS:000176641100001 PM 12100625 ER PT J AU Huerta, S DeShields, S Shpiner, R Li, ZP Liu, C Sawicki, M Arteaga, J Livingston, EH AF Huerta, S DeShields, S Shpiner, R Li, ZP Liu, C Sawicki, M Arteaga, J Livingston, EH TI Safety and efficacy of postoperative continuous positive airway pressure to prevent pulmonary complications after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass SO JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Surgery-of-the-Alimentary-Tract CY MAY 19-23, 2001 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Soc Surg Alimentary Tract DE obstructive sleep apnea; anastomosis; pneumonia; anastomotic dehiscence ID VERTICAL BANDED GASTROPLASTY; OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; MORBID-OBESITY; SURGERY; MASK AB Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is used to prevent apneic arrest and/or hypoxia in patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea. This modality has not been universally accepted for patients following upper gastrointestinal surgery because of concerns that pressurized air will inflate the stomach and proximal intestine, resulting in anastomotic disruption. This study was performed to assess the safety and efficacy of postoperative CPAP for patients undergoing a gastrojejunostomy as part of a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) procedure. A total of 1067 patients (837 women [78%] and 230 men [22%]) were prospectively evaluated for the risk of developing anastomotic leaks and pulmonary complications after the RYGB procedure. Of the 1067 patients undergoing gastric bypass, 420 had obstructive sleep apnea and 159 were dependent on CPAP. There were 15 major anastomotic leaks, two of which occurred in CPAP-treated patients. Contingency table analysis demonstrated that there was no correlation between CPAP utilization and the incidence of major anastomotic leakage (P = 0.6). Notably, no episodes of pneumonia were diagnosed in either group. Despite the theoretical risk of anastomotic injury from pressurized air delivered by CPAP, no anastomotic leaks occurred that were attributable to CPAP. There were no pulmonary complications in a patient population that is at risk for developing them postoperatively. CPAP is a useful modality for treating hypoventilation after RYGB without increasing the risk of developing postoperative anastomotic leaks. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pulm Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Huerta, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, 900 Vet Ave,12-217 Warren Hall,Box 951742, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 22 TC 53 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1091-255X J9 J GASTROINTEST SURG JI J. Gastrointest. Surg. PD MAY-JUN PY 2002 VL 6 IS 3 BP 354 EP 358 AR PII S1091-255X(01)00048-8 DI 10.1016/S1091-255X(01)00048-8 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA 627EN UT WOS:000179920400023 PM 12022987 ER PT J AU Bradley, KA Epler, AJ Bush, KR Sporleder, JL Dunn, CW Cochran, NE Braddock, CH McDonell, MB Fihn, SD AF Bradley, KA Epler, AJ Bush, KR Sporleder, JL Dunn, CW Cochran, NE Braddock, CH McDonell, MB Fihn, SD TI Alcohol-related discussions during general medicine appointments of male VA patients who screen positive for at-risk drinking SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE alcohol; primary care; brief interventions; motivational interviewing ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; BRIEF INTERVENTIONS; DRINKERS; CAGE; ABUSE; METAANALYSIS; PREVENTION; SERVICES; IMPACT AB OBJECTIVE: This study describes primary care discussions with patients who screened positive for at-risk drinking. In addition, discussions about alcohol use from 2 clinic firms, one with a provider-prompting intervention, are compared. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analyses of audiotaped appointments collected over 6 months. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Male patients in a VA general medicine clinic were eligible if they screened positive for atrisk drinking and had a general medicine appointment with a consenting provider during the study period. Participating patients (N = 47) and providers (N = 17) were enrolled in 1 of 2 firms in the clinic (Intervention or Control) and were blinded to the study focus. INTERVENTION: Intervention providers received patient-specific results of positive alcohol-screening tests at each visit. MEASURES AND MAIN RESULTS: Of 68 visits taped, 39 (57.4%) included any mention of alcohol. Patient and provider utterances during discussions about alcohol use were coded using Motivational Interviewing Skills Codes. Providers contributed 58% of utterances during alcohol-related discussions with most coded as questions (24%), Information giving (23%), or facilitation (34%). Advice, reflective listening, and supportive or affirming statements occurred infrequently (5%, 3%, and 5%, of provider utterances respectively). Providers offered alcohol-related advice during 21% of visits. Sixteen percent of patient utterances reflected "resistance" to change and 12% reflected readiness to change. On average, Intervention providers were more likely to discuss alcohol use than Control providers (82.4% vs 39.6% of visits; P = .026). CONCLUSIONS: During discussions about alcohol, general medicine providers asked questions and offered information, but usually did not give explicit alcohol-related advice. Discussions about alcohol occurred more often when providers were prompted. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Hlth Serv, Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Primary & Specilaty Med Care Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Res & Educ, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med Hist & Eth, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Harborview Injury Prevent & Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. White River Junct VA Hosp, White River Jct, VT USA. Dartmouth Coll Sch Med, Dept Med & Community & Family Med, White River Jct, VT USA. RP Bradley, KA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Hlth Serv, Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, HSR&D 152,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [K23 AA000313, K23AA00313] NR 40 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 17 IS 5 BP 315 EP 326 PG 12 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 556ZU UT WOS:000175882000001 PM 12047727 ER PT J AU Merrill, J Rhodes, LA Deyo, RA Marlott, GA Bradley, KA AF Merrill, J Rhodes, LA Deyo, RA Marlott, GA Bradley, KA TI Mutual mistrust in the medical care of drug users - The keys to the ''narc'' cabinet SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 23-25, 1998 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Soc Gen Internal Med DE injection drug use; physician-patient relations; attitude of health personnel; trust; pain treatment; ethnography ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; METHADONE-MAINTENANCE; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; PAIN; MANAGEMENT; DEPENDENCE; PHYSICIANS; OPIOIDS; ACCESS AB OBJECTIVE: Caring for patients who are active drug users is challenging. To better understand the often difficult relationships between Illicit drug-using patients and their physicians, we sought to identify major issues that emerge during their interactions in a teaching hospital. DESIGN: Exploratory qualitative analysis of data from direct observation of patient care interactions and interviews with drug-using patients and their physicians. SETTING: The inpatient internal medicine service of an urban public teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Nineteen patients with recent active drug use, primarily opiate use, and their 8 physician teams. RESULTS: Four major themes emerged. First, physicians feared being deceived by drug-using patients. In particular, they questioned whether patients' requests for opiates to treat pain or withdrawal might result from addictive behavior rather than from "medically indicated" need. Second, they lacked a standard approach to commonly encountered clinical issues, especially the assessment and treatment of pain and opiate withdrawal. Because patients' subjective report of symptoms Is suspect, physicians struggled to find criteria for appropriate opiate prescription. Third, physicians avoided engaging patients regarding key complaints, and expressed discomfort and uncertainty in their approach to these patients. Fourth, drug-using patients were sensitive to the possibility of poor medical care, often interpreting physician inconsistency or hospital Inefficiency as signs of intentional mistreatment. CONCLUSION: Physicians and drug-using patients in the teaching hospital setting display mutual mistrust, especially concerning opiate prescription. Physicians' fear of deception, inconsistency and avoidance interacts with patients' concern that they are mistreated and stigmatized. Medical education should focus greater attention on addiction medicine and pain management. C1 Harborview Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Anthropol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Hlth Serv, Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Primary & Specialty Med Care Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Merrill, J (reprint author), Harborview Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, 325 9th Ave,Box 359780, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. NR 49 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 2 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 17 IS 5 BP 327 EP 333 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2002.10625.x PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 556ZU UT WOS:000175882000002 PM 12047728 ER PT J AU Kraemer, KL Maisto, SA Conigliaro, J McNeil, M Gordon, AJ Kelley, ME AF Kraemer, KL Maisto, SA Conigliaro, J McNeil, M Gordon, AJ Kelley, ME TI Decreased alcohol consumption in outpatient drinkers is associated with improved quality of life and fewer alcohol-related consequences SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY MAY 02-05, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Gen Internal Med DE alcohol drinking; alcohol dependence; alcohol abuse; quality of life; health status ID HEALTH SURVEY SF-36; BRIEF INTERVENTIONS; OF-LIFE; READINESS AB This study's objective was to determine whether changes in alcohol consumption are associated with changes in quality of life and alcohol-related consequences in an outpatient sample of drinkers. Two hundred thirteen subjects completed the Short Form 36-item (SF-36) Health Survey and the Short Inventory of Problems at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Subjects who sustained a 30% or greater decrease in drinks per month reported Improvement in SF-36 Physical Component Summary (P = .058) and Mental Component Summary (P = .037) scores and had fewer alcohol-related consequences (P < .001) when compared to those with a <30% decrease. These findings suggest another benefit of alcohol screening and intervention in the primary care setting. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Div Gen Internal Med, MUH, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Syracuse Univ, Dept Psychol, Syracuse, NY USA. VA Pittsburgh Healtcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Kraemer, KL (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Div Gen Internal Med, MUH, E820,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA1029, K23 AA00235, Z01 AA000235] NR 20 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 17 IS 5 BP 382 EP 386 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2002.10613.x PG 5 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 556ZU UT WOS:000175882000011 PM 12047737 ER PT J AU Hussein, MRAE Wood, GS AF Hussein, MRAE Wood, GS TI Molecular aspects of melanocytic dysplastic nevi SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Review ID CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE; NONPOLYPOSIS COLON-CANCER; FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; CELL-CYCLE CONTROL; WILD-TYPE P53; MISMATCH REPAIR GENES; CHROMOSOME ARM 1P; K MOLE SYNDROME; MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY AB Melanocytic dysplastic nevi were first described in both patients and their relatives who had one or several cutaneous malignant melanomas. Most of these dysplastic lesions are biologically stable, but some of them have severe histological atypia and can progress further to melanomas. Although several studies have suggested the etiological importance of dysplastic nevi in the development of melanomas, comprehensive reviews of the molecular changes in these dysplastic lesions are stiff scarce. To remedy this issue, this article analyzes the available molecular information about dysplastic nevi and provides the current state of knowledge regarding the karyotypic abnormalities of the melanoma/dysplastic nevus trait and the involvement of allelic loss, tumor suppressor genes, mismatch repair proteins, microsatellite instability, oncogenes, extracellular matrix proteins, and growth factors in the genesis of these lesions. These studies suggest that although some of these lesions represent "genetic dead-ends," others represent intermediate lesional steps in the melanoma tumorigenesis pathway. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Dermatol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Wood, GS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Dermatol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR 01326] NR 140 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 1525-1578 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 4 IS 2 BP 71 EP 80 DI 10.1016/S1525-1578(10)60684-8 PG 10 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 549TM UT WOS:000175462900001 PM 11986397 ER PT J AU Carvelli, L Moron, JA Kahlig, KM Ferrer, JV Sen, N Lechleiter, JD Leeb-Lundberg, LMF Merrill, G Lafer, EM Ballou, LM Shippenberg, TS Javitch, JA Lin, RZ Galli, A AF Carvelli, L Moron, JA Kahlig, KM Ferrer, JV Sen, N Lechleiter, JD Leeb-Lundberg, LMF Merrill, G Lafer, EM Ballou, LM Shippenberg, TS Javitch, JA Lin, RZ Galli, A TI PI 3-kinase regulation of dopamine uptake SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE amphetamine; dopamin transporter; insulin; P13-kinase ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; CELL-SURFACE EXPRESSION; N-SH CELLS; FUNCTIONAL REGULATION; NEUROTRANSMITTER TRANSPORTERS; NOREPINEPHRINE TRANSPORT; RECEPTOR INTERNALIZATION; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTERS; MEMBRANE TRAFFICKING; INSULIN-RECEPTORS AB The magnitude and duration of dopamine (DA) signaling is defined by the amount of vesicular release, DA receptor sensitivity, and the efficiency of DA clearance, which is largely determined by the DA transporter (DAT). DAT uptake capacity is determined by the number of functional transporters on the cell surface as well as by their turnover rate. Here we show that inhibition of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase with LY294002 induces internalization of the human DAT (hDAT), thereby reducing transport capacity. Acute treatment with LY294002 reduced the maximal rate of [H-3]DA uptake in rat striatal synaptosomes and in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells stably expressing the hDAT (hDAT cells). In addition, LY294002 caused a significant redistribution of the hDAT from the plasma membrane to the cytosol. Conversely, insulin, which activates PI 3-kinase, increased [H-3]DA uptake and blocked the amphetamine-induced hDAT intracellular accumulation, as did transient expression of constitutively active PI 3-kinase. The LY294002-induced reduction in [H-3]DA uptake and hDAT cell surface expression was inhibited by expression of a dominant negative mutant of dynamin I, indicating that dynamin-dependent trafficking can modulate transport capacity. These data implicate DAT trafficking in the hormonal regulation of dopaminergic signaling, and suggest that a state of chronic hypoinsulinemia, such as in diabetes, may alter synaptic DA signaling by reducing the available cell surface DATs. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NIDA, Integrat Neurosci Sect, IRP, Baltimore, MD USA. Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Ctr Mol Recognit, New York, NY USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Galli, A (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Mail Code 7764,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI Lin, Richard/J-1754-2014 OI Lin, Richard/0000-0002-3473-7276 FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 11495, DA 13975, DA 14684]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH 57324]; NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS029051] NR 52 TC 126 Z9 130 U1 2 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 81 IS 4 BP 859 EP 869 DI 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00892.x PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 549YL UT WOS:000175475100020 PM 12065645 ER PT J AU Forman, MS Giasson, BI Duda, JE Miller, B Lee, VM Trojanowski, JQ AF Forman, MS Giasson, BI Duda, JE Miller, B Lee, VM Trojanowski, JQ TI Convergence of tau and alpha-synuclein pathology in dementia patients. SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Penn, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN NEUROPATHOLOGISTS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3069 J9 J NEUROPATH EXP NEUR JI J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 61 IS 5 MA 169 BP 484 EP 484 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA 554FR UT WOS:000175724500175 ER PT J AU Teter, B Xu, PT Gilbert, JR Roses, AD Galasko, D Cole, GM AF Teter, B Xu, PT Gilbert, JR Roses, AD Galasko, D Cole, GM TI Defective neuronal sprouting by human apolipoprotein E4 is a gain-of-negative function SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE apolipoprotein E; neurite sprouting; transgenic mice; Alzheimer's disease ID ORGANOTYPIC SLICE CULTURES; RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; NEURITE OUTGROWTH; TRANSGENIC MICE; E ISOFORMS; IN-VITRO; APOE; ESTROGEN AB The apolipoprotein E (apoE) epsilon 4 allele (apoE4) is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). A role for apoE in regeneration of synaptic circuitry after neural injury has been shown in several in vitro studies in which apoE3 supports neuronal sprouting better than apoE4. We evaluated sprouting in an in vitro mouse organotypic hippocampal slice culture system derived from transgenic mice expressing apoE3 or apoE4, in which apoE-dependent granule cell mossy fiber sprouting in the presence of apoE4 is only 51% of the level of apoE3. Sprouting supported by apoE4 had a dose response opposite that by supported by apoE3: although increasing E3 expression increased sprouting, increasing E4 expression decreased sprouting, suggesting that the defect in E4 in supporting neuronal sprouting is a gain-of-negative activity. These results may have important pharmacogenomic implications for AD therapies that modulate apoE expression levels. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Teter, B (reprint author), Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, 16111 Plummer St MC151, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG16570, K01 AG000962] NR 55 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2002 VL 68 IS 3 BP 331 EP 336 DI 10.1002/jnr.10221 PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548XX UT WOS:000175416100009 PM 12111863 ER PT J AU Rajendran, JG Muzi, M Peterson, LM Diaz, AZ Spence, AM Schwartz, DL Krohn, KA AF Rajendran, JG Muzi, M Peterson, LM Diaz, AZ Spence, AM Schwartz, DL Krohn, KA TI Analyzing the results of (FMISO)-F-18 PET hypoxia imaging: What is the best way to quantify hypoxia? SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 43 IS 5 SU S MA 367 BP 102P EP 102P AR UNSP 200797 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 551KL UT WOS:000175560800368 ER PT J AU Li, Z Link, JM Stratton, JR Caldwell, JH AF Li, Z Link, JM Stratton, JR Caldwell, JH TI Modeling of neuronal uptake and vesicular transport of C-11-meta-hydroxyephedrine (mHED) in PET studies. SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 43 IS 5 SU S MA 858 BP 209P EP 209P AR UNSP 202129 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 551KL UT WOS:000175560800768 ER PT J AU Bourgeois, SL Alvarez, CM AF Bourgeois, SL Alvarez, CM TI Use of vinyl polysiloxane impression material as an extraoral obturator for orocutaneous fistulas SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Div Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Bourgeois, SL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 60 IS 5 BP 597 EP 599 DI 10.1053/joms.2002.31864 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 548UF UT WOS:000175407700027 PM 11988945 ER PT J AU Martinez, V Wang, LX Rivier, JE Vale, W Tache, Y AF Martinez, V Wang, LX Rivier, JE Vale, W Tache, Y TI Differential actions of peripheral corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), urocortin II, and urocortin III on gastric emptying and colonic transit in mice: Role of CRF receptor subtypes 1 and 2 SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID BINDING-PROTEIN; GUINEA-PIG; ANTAGONIST; HORMONE; STRESS; ASTRESSIN; MOTILITY; POTENT; RATS AB Peripheral CRF inhibits gastric emptying and stimulates colonic motor function in rats. We investigated the role of CRF1 and CRF2 receptors in i.p. CRF-induced alterations of gut transit in conscious mice using selective CRF1 and CRF2 ligands injected i.p. Gastric emptying 2 h after ingestion of a solid chow meal and colonic transit (time to expel a bead inserted into the distal colon) were determined simultaneously. Rat/human (r/h)CRF, which has CRF1 > CRF2 binding affinity, decreased distal colonic transit time at lower doses (6-12 mug/kg) than those inhibiting gastric emptying (20-60 mug/kg). Ovine CRF, a preferential CRF1 receptor agonist (6-60 mug/kg), reduced significantly the colonic transit time without altering gastric emptying, whereas the selective CRF2 receptor agonists mouse urocortin II (20-60 mug/kg) and urocortin III (120 mug/kg) inhibited significantly gastric emptying without modifying colonic transit. The CRF1/CRF2 receptor antagonist, astressin (30-120 mug/kg), dose dependently prevented r/hCRF (20 mug/kg)-induced inhibition of gastric emptying and reduction of colonic transit time. The selective CRF1 receptor antagonists, NBI-27914 (C18H20Cl4N4C7H8O3S) and CP-154,526 (butyl-[2,5-dimethyl-7-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-yl]ethylamine) (5-30 mg/kg), dose dependently blocked r/hCRF action on the colon without influencing the gastric response, whereas the CRF2 receptor antagonist, antisauvagine-30 (30-100 mug/kg), dose dependently abolished r/hCRF-induced delayed gastric emptying and had no effect on colonic response. These data show that i.p. r/hCRF-induced opposite actions on upper and lower gut transit in conscious mice are mediated by different CRF receptor subtypes: the activation of CRF1 receptors stimulates colonic propulsive activity, whereas activation of CRF2 receptors inhibits gastric emptying. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst,CURE,DDRC, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Salk Inst Biol Studies, Clayton Fdn Labs Peptide Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst,CURE,DDRC, Bldg 115,Room 117,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-26741, DK-41301, DK-57238] NR 43 TC 125 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 301 IS 2 BP 611 EP 617 DI 10.1124/jpet.301.2.611 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 543ZB UT WOS:000175132800028 PM 11961064 ER PT J AU Mazumdar, S Houck, PR Liu, KS Mulsant, BH Pollock, BG Dew, MA Reynolds, CF AF Mazumdar, S Houck, PR Liu, KS Mulsant, BH Pollock, BG Dew, MA Reynolds, CF TI Intent-to-treat analysis for clinical trials: use of data collected after termination of treatment protocol SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE pragmatic analysis; explanatory analysis; mixture models ID RATING-SCALE; DOUBLE-BLIND; DEPRESSION; NORTRIPTYLINE; PAROXETINE; ILLNESS; MODELS AB Following patients for a period of time alter termination of treatment protocols is a common practice in clinical trials of drug treatments. After termination of the protocol treatment. patients are usually provided with medical care as deemed appropriate. e.g, different doses of the same drug, augmentation with other drugs, or different drugs. Data collected on patients when they are not in the treatment protocol are termed "off-treatment" data to be differentiated from "on-treatment" data that are collected while patients arc in the treatment protocol. The purpose of the present paper is to describe some recent statistical methodological advances in the use of "off-treatment" data for intent-to-treat (IT) analysis using mixture models [Biometrics 52 (1996) 1002]. T so-piece spline models conditional on the protocol treatment dropout time are developed first. The two pieces of the spline model represent the on-treatment and off-treatment segments of data and are joined at the dropout time. The weighted average of the two-piece conditional models across realizations of the dropout times provides the mixture model for the pragmatic IT analysis. The weights are the estimates of tire probabilities of the dropout tunes. The mixture model is amenable to an explanatory analysis which assumes that the patients remain on their assigned treatments. The model allows the parameters of the splines to depend on the dropout time. Statistical inference is based on bootstrap sampling procedures. We have illustrated this methodology using data from a drug trial comparing nortriptyline and paroxetine in the treatment of major depression in older patients. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biostat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Mazumdar, S (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biostat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH52247, R01 MH37869, K05 MH00295, R37 MH43832, K01 MH01613] NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3956 J9 J PSYCHIAT RES JI J. Psychiatr. Res. PD MAY-JUN PY 2002 VL 36 IS 3 BP 153 EP 164 AR PII S0022-3956(01)00057-7 DI 10.1016/S0022-3956(01)00057-7 PG 12 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 552WP UT WOS:000175643300006 PM 11886693 ER PT J AU Czerniecki, J AF Czerniecki, J TI Presentation highlights: patient perspectives SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Roundtable Meeting on VA/NIH Prosthetics CY JUN 25, 2001 CL ROCKVILLE, MARYLAND C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Czerniecki, J (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAY-JUN PY 2002 VL 39 IS 3 SU S BP 13 EP 14 PG 2 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 577AP UT WOS:000177039600009 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA DiGiovine, CP Boninger, ML Shimada, SD Koontz, AM Baldwin, MA AF Cooper, RA DiGiovine, CP Boninger, ML Shimada, SD Koontz, AM Baldwin, MA TI Filter frequency selection for manual wheelchair biomechanics SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE filtering; frequency; motion analysis; noise reduction; wheelchairs ID SPINAL-CORD INJURY; 3-DIMENSIONAL KINEMATICS; PROPULSION EFFICIENCY; FORCE APPLICATION; GAIT; ERGOMETER; CHILDREN; ADULTS; SPEEDS AB Wheelchair locomotion is an important form of mobility for many individuals with spinal cord injury. However, manual wheelchair propulsion can lead to upper-limb pain and can be very inefficient. This has led investigators to apply biomechanics to the study of wheelchair use. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the frequency content of the motion of both hands during two speeds of wheelchair propulsion, (2) to obtain the filter frequencies necessary to remove noise from wheelchair motion data, and (3) to provide signal-to-noise ratio data for wheelchair kinematics. The participants in this study were a random sample of manual wheelchair users with paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury. Subjects propelled their personal wheelchairs on a computer-controlled dynamometer at speeds of 0.9 m/s and 1.8 m/s. Motion data were collected at 60 Hz with the use of a commercial infrared marker-based system. The main outcome measures were arm motions and noise frequency spectra, filter cutoff frequencies, and signal-to-noise ratio. Our results indicate that there is no useful signal power above 6 Hz during manual wheelchair propulsion at the speeds that we analyzed. In many cases, there was no useful signal power above 4 Hz. This would indicate that the frequency content of manual wheelchair propulsion is similar to that of human gait. The mean signal-to-noise ratio varied from a high of 91 dB to a low of 2 1.8 dB. The signal-to-noise ratio was greatest in the x direction (along the line of progression) and lowest in the x direction (medial-lateral). Manual wheelchair propulsion kinematic data should be low-pass filtered at approximately 6 Hz for speeds at or below 1.8 m/s. The data presented in the archival literature appear to have been filtered at an appropriate frequency. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, 151-R1,7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM rcooper@pitt.edu RI DiGiovine, Carmen/E-2982-2011 OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X FU NICHD NIH HHS [P01 HD33989-01]; PHS HHS [PA-93-082] NR 33 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 EI 1938-1352 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAY-JUN PY 2002 VL 39 IS 3 BP 323 EP 336 PG 14 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 575NY UT WOS:000176955300004 PM 12173753 ER PT J AU Camacho, DLA Ledoux, WR Rohr, ES Sangeorzan, BJ Ching, RP AF Camacho, DLA Ledoux, WR Rohr, ES Sangeorzan, BJ Ching, RP TI A three-dimensional, anatomically detailed foot model: A foundation for a finite element simulation and means of quantifying foot-bone position SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE anatomic models; computerized topography; computer models; foot; structural models ID TIBIAL TENDON INSUFFICIENCY; LONGITUDINAL ARCH; STRESSES; HEIGHT; PLANUS; INDEX; FEET AB We generated an anatomically detailed, three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of a human foot from 286 computerized topographic (CT) images. For each bone, 2-D cross-sectional data were obtained and aligned to form a stacked image model. We calculated the inertial matrix of each bone from the stacked image model and used it to determine the principal axes. Relative angles between the principal axes of the bones were employed to describe the shape of the foot, i.e., the relationships between the bones of the foot. A 3-D surface model was generated from the stacked image models and a detailed 3-D mesh for each bone was created. Additionally, the representative geometry of the plantar soft tissue was obtained from the CT scans, while the geometries of the cartilage between bones were obtained from the 3-D surface bone models. This model served dual purposes: it formed the anatomical foundation for a future finite element model of the human foot and we used it to objectively quantify foot shape using the relationships between the principal axes of the foot bones. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Rehabil Res, Seattle, WA USA. Dev Ctr Excellence Limb Loss Prevent, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Orthopaed & Sports Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Ledoux, WR (reprint author), VA Puget Sound, MS 151,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM wrledoux@u.washington.edu RI Ledoux, William/K-6815-2015 OI Ledoux, William/0000-0003-4982-7714 NR 34 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 10 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAY-JUN PY 2002 VL 39 IS 3 BP 401 EP 410 PG 10 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 575NY UT WOS:000176955300011 PM 12173760 ER PT J AU Berger, DH AF Berger, DH TI The Association for Academic Surgery, an idea whose time has come? SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Baylor Coll Med, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Berger, DH (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2002 VL 104 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1006/jsre.2002.6375 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 549EJ UT WOS:000175431300001 PM 11971670 ER PT J AU Awad, SS Liscum, KR Aoki, N Awad, SH Berger, DH AF Awad, SS Liscum, KR Aoki, N Awad, SH Berger, DH TI Does the subjective evaluation of medical student surgical knowledge correlate with written and oral exam performance? SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Academic-Surgery CY NOV 15-17, 2001 CL MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN SP Assoc Acad Surg DE subjective; objective; evaluation; surgical fund of knowledge; correlation; medical students; grades ID SURGERY CLERKSHIP; EXPERIENCE AB Background. Medical student performance evaluations have historically contained a significant subjective component. Multiple tools are used to assess fund of knowledge including subjective evaluation by faculty and residents as well as objective evaluations through standardized written and oral exams. We hypothesized that subjective evaluation of medical student knowledge would correlate with objective evaluation through written and oral exams. Methods. Records of consecutive medical students assigned to the surgery clerkship from January 1999 and March 2001 were reviewed. The core surgical rotation consisted of two 4-week blocks on a private, county, or VA hospital service. Surgical knowledge was assessed subjectively by both faculty (FES) and senior residents (RES) using a 10-point scale with verbal anchors. Objective measures of student surgical knowledge included the National Board shelf exam (WE) and a semistructured oral exam (OE). Data are reported as mean +/- SEM. Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r) was used to assess relationships between groups (r greater than or equal to 0.5 --> positive correlation). Results. A total of 354 students were evaluated. The mean FES was 7.8 +/- 0.05 (median = 7.75, range 4.75 to 9.75). The mean RES was 7.7 +/- 0.06 (median = 8.0, range 3.5 to 10.0). There was poor correlation between the subjective perception and objective measures of surgical knowledge (Table 1). Comparison of the FES and RES also showed poor correlation (r = 0.38). Conclusions. Subjective evaluation of surgical knowledge by faculty and residents correlates poorly with performance measured objectively. These results question whether subjective evaluation of surgical C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Informat Res & Planning, Houston, TX 77030 USA. UT Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston VAMC, Surg Serv, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Awad, SS (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Houston VAMC, Surg Serv, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, 112,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 10 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2002 VL 104 IS 1 BP 36 EP 39 DI 10.1006/jsre.2002.6401 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 549EJ UT WOS:000175431300006 PM 11971675 ER PT J AU Friedlander, AH Marder, SR AF Friedlander, AH Marder, SR TI The psychopathology, medical management and dental implications of schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ANTIPSYCHOTIC MEDICATIONS; MENTAL-HEALTH; RISPERIDONE; CLOZAPINE; DIMENSIONS; SYMPTOMS; AGENTS; MEMORY AB Background. Schizophrenia is a psychiatric illness characterized by thought disturbances, bizarre behaviors and cognitive impairments that may diminish a person's abilities in the areas of social relations, school or work and self-care. The onset of the disorder typically occurs between the late teens and mid-30s. Advanced dental disease is seen frequently in patients with schizophrenia for several reasons: the disease impairs these patients' ability to plan and perform oral hygiene procedures; some of the antipsychotic medications they take have adverse orofacial effects such as xerostomia; and these patients sometimes have limited access to treatment because of a paucity of financial resources and adequate number of dentists comfortable in providing care. The recent Introduction of more effective medications has permitted the majority of patients to receive their psychiatric care from community-based providers rather than in the hospital. Consequently, dentists in the private sector also are being called on more frequently to care for these people. Conclusions. Dentists cognizant of the signs and symptoms of schizophrenia are likely to feel more secure in treating patients schizophrenia and more confident when obtaining consultative advice from the patients' psychiatrists. Dentists usually can provide a full range of services to such patients, can enhance these patients' self-esteem and can contribute to the psycho-therapeutic aspect of management. Clinical implications. To effectively provide treatment to patients with schizophrenia, dentists must be familiar with the disease process so that they can communicate effectively with the patient, treating psychiatrist and family members who serve as caregivers. In addition, treatment may need to be modified because of the patients impaired ability to think logically, the local and systemic effects psychiatric medications, and adverse interactions between these drugs medications used in dentistry. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst 14, Dept Vet Affairs VISN 22 Mental Illness Res Educ, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Med, Hosp Dent Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Dent, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst 14, Clin Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Friedlander, AH (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst 14, Dept Vet Affairs VISN 22 Mental Illness Res Educ, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 59 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 6 U2 10 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 133 IS 5 BP 603 EP 610 PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 552YQ UT WOS:000175648200021 PM 12036166 ER PT J AU Oslin, DW Datto, CJ Kallan, MJ Katz, IR Edell, WS TenHave, T AF Oslin, DW Datto, CJ Kallan, MJ Katz, IR Edell, WS TenHave, T TI Association between medical comorbidity and treatment outcomes in late-life depression SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE depression; older treatment; medical illness ID COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; POSTSTROKE DEPRESSION; GERIATRIC DEPRESSION; MAJOR DEPRESSION; OLDER-PEOPLE; PRIMARY-CARE; DISABILITY; SYMPTOMS; MORTALITY; IMPACT AB OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between major depression and physical disability in late life. The objectives of this study were to examine the relationship between specific medical illnesses and the outcomes of treatment for late-fife depression. DESIGN: The study was a longitudinal assessment of medical illness, depression, and disability. Patients were assessed during an initial inpatient psychiatric hospitalization and 3 months postdischarge. SETTING: All patients were initially evaluated after admission to one of 71 inpatient psychiatric treatment facilities. PARTICIPANTS: A sample of 671 older patients who received inpatient treatment for depression was evaluated at entry into the hospital and 3 months after discharge. MEASUREMENTS: Depressive symptoms were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale. Disability was measured using the instrumental activities of daily living scale and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short form. Medical illness was assessed using the medical illness checklist. RESULTS: As previously reported, physical disability and the total number of medical illnesses were significantly related to change in depressive symptoms. In this study, we find that arthritis, circulatory problems, a speech disorder, or a skin problem, but not other general medical conditions, were related to a worse outcome with respect to depression symptoms. The effect of these problems was statistically and clinically significant. After controlling for pretreatment disability, arthritis and skin problems continued to predict a worse outcome. However, the apparent effect of each of these conditions was mediated by the residual disability after treatment. CONCLUSION: The results of this study support the hypothesis that certain somatic disorders play a role in the treatment response of late-life depression and suggest that the effect of specific illnesses on depression may be mediated by the presence of functional disability. C1 Univ Penn, Sect Geriatr Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Study Addict, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Mental Hlth Outcomes, Lewisville, TX USA. RP Oslin, DW (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sect Geriatr Psychiat, 3600 Chestnut St,Room 790, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [2P30 ,MH 52129-05, 1K08 MH01599-01] NR 34 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 50 IS 5 BP 823 EP 828 DI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50206.x PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 549GE UT WOS:000175435500006 PM 12028167 ER PT J AU Hinkin, CH Hardy, DJ Mason, KI Catellon, SA Lam, MN Stefaniak, M Zolnikov, B AF Hinkin, CH Hardy, DJ Mason, KI Catellon, SA Lam, MN Stefaniak, M Zolnikov, B TI Verbal and spatial working memory performance among HIV-infected adults SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Meeting of the International-Neuropsychological-Society CY FEB, 2000 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP Int Neuropsychol Soc DE working memory; HIV infection; executive functions ID AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; FRONTAL-CORTEX; PET; INDIVIDUALS; DEFICITS; THERAPY; DISEASE; SYSTEM AB Subtypes of working memory performance were examined in a cohort of 50 HIV-infected adults and 23 uninfected controls using an it-back paradigm (2-back) in which alphabetic stimuli were quasi-randomly presented to a quadrant of a computer monitor. In the verbal working memory condition, participants determined whether each successive letter matched the letter that appeared two previously in the series. regardless of spatial location. In the spatial working memory condition, participants determined whether each letter matched the spatial location of the letter that had appeared two previously, regardless of letter identity. The dependent variable was percent accuracy in each condition. Results of mixed model ANOVA revealed that the HIV-infected participants performed significantly worse than controls on both the verbal and spatial working memory tasks. A significant main effect for working memory condition was also present with both participant groups performing better on the spatial working memory task. These results, the first study of HIV-infected adults to directly compare verbal versus spatial working memory performance using the identical test stimuli across task conditions, suggests that HIV infection is associated with a decrement in working memory efficiency that is equally apparent for both verbal and spatial processing. These findings implicate central executive dysfunction as a likely substrate and provide the basis for hypothesizing that decline in working memory may contribute to other HIV-associated neuropsychological deficits. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Hinkin, CH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, 760 Westwood Plaza,Room C8-747, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH058552, R01 MH58552] NR 42 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 1355-6177 J9 J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC JI J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 8 IS 4 BP 532 EP 538 DI 10.1007/S1355617701020276 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 550TN UT WOS:000175519500002 PM 12030306 ER PT J AU Moon, TD AF Moon, TD TI Editorial: Ureteral stenting - An obsolete procedure? SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID URETEROSCOPY C1 Univ Wisconsin, Div Urol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Moon, TD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Div Urol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 167 IS 5 BP 1984 EP 1984 AR UNSP 0022-5347/02/1675-1984/0 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65068-9 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 541AW UT WOS:000174963900009 PM 11956423 ER PT J AU Matsumoto, AM Tenover, L McClung, M Mobley, D Geller, J Sullivan, M Grayhack, J Wessells, H Kadmon, D Flanagan, M Zhang, GK Schmidt, J Taylor, AM Lee, M Waldstreicher, J AF Matsumoto, AM Tenover, L McClung, M Mobley, D Geller, J Sullivan, M Grayhack, J Wessells, H Kadmon, D Flanagan, M Zhang, GK Schmidt, J Taylor, AM Lee, M Waldstreicher, J CA PLESS Study Grp TI The long-term effect of specific type II 5 alpha-reductase inhibition with finasteride on bone mineral density in men: Results of a 4-year placebo controlled trial SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatic hyperplasia; bone density; stanolone; finasteride ID BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA; MALE PSEUDOHERMAPHRODITISM; OSTEOPOROSIS; ANDROGENS; TESTOSTERONE; DEFICIENCY; THERAPY; CANCER; MASS AB Purpose: We determine the effect of long-term suppression of dihydrotestosterone with finasteride, a specific type II 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, on bone mineral density. Materials and Methods: As part of a large (3,040 cases) 4-year, double-blind, placebo controlled trial designed to assess the long-term effects of finasteride in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia, 157 men 46 to 76 years old who were randomized to receive either 5 mg. finasteride or placebo underwent dual energy x-ray absorptiometry of the lumbar spine at baseline and at years 2, 3 and 4. Results: Of 117 patients who had a baseline measurement and at least 1 additional measurement during the study baseline mean plus or minus standard deviation bone mineral density values were 1.12 +/- 0.17 gm./cm.(2) in the finasteride group (63) and 1.10 +/- 0.17 gm./cm.(2) in the placebo group (54). After 4 years bone mineral density was not different between treatment groups (finasteride 1.14 +/- 0.17 gm./cm.(2) and placebo 1.13 +/- 0.18 gm./cm.(2)). Similar results were obtained for the 33 finasteride and 25 placebo treated patients who completed the study with year 4 bone mineral density measurements. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that long-term inhibition of type II 5alpha-reductase with finasteride does not adversely affect bone mineral density. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Oregon Osteoporosis Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Res Hlth Inc, Houston, TX USA. Mercy Res Clin, San Diego, CA USA. Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Pk Nicollet Clin, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Merck & Co Inc, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA. RP Matsumoto, AM (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 20 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 167 IS 5 BP 2105 EP 2108 AR UNSP 0022-5347/02/1675-2105/0 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65095-1 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 541AW UT WOS:000174963900044 PM 11956450 ER PT J AU Young, GD Winokur, TS Cerfolio, RJ Van Tine, BA Chow, LT Okoh, V Garver, RI AF Young, GD Winokur, TS Cerfolio, RJ Van Tine, BA Chow, LT Okoh, V Garver, RI TI Differential expression and biodistribution of cytokeratin 18 and desmoplakins in non-small cell lung carcinoma subtypes SO LUNG CANCER LA English DT Article DE lung neoplasms; intermediate filaments; desmosomes ID INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS; DESMOSOMAL PLAQUE; ADENOSQUAMOUS CARCINOMA; DNA-SYNTHESIS; CANCER; PHOSPHORYLATION; ADENOCARCINOMA; JUNCTIONS AB Adenocarcinoma (AC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the lung are morphologically distinguished in part by cyto-architectural features. However, little is known about the relative expression and distribution of cyto-architectural proteins among AC, SCC and ASC. Initial microarray analysis revealed significant differences in expression of two cyto-architectural genes in AC, SCC and ASC. Desmoplakin (DP) 1 and 2, which link desmosomes to intermediate filaments, was strongly expressed in SCC relative to AC and ASC. Cytokeratin 18 (CK18), an intermediate filament that is commonly linked to desmoplakin, was strongly expressed in AC and ASC relative to SCC. Western blot analysis demonstrated that AC and ASC had abundant CK18 protein, whereas CK18 was weakly detected in SCC. DP 1 and 2 are strongly expressed in SCC and minimally expressed in AC and ASC. However, the ratio of one to the other is the same in SCC and AC, but DP2 is lost in ASC. Microscopic analysis with fluorescence-labeled antibodies for CK18 and DP I and 2 revealed abundant membrane localization of DP and minimal perinuclear localization of CK18 in SCC. In contrast, in both AC and ASC, the CK18 protein was diffusely distributed within the cytoplasm, and DP showed both membranous and cytoplasmic localization. In conclusion, the data here shows that AC, SCC and ASC each have specific patterns of DP I and 2 and CK18 gene expression, protein content and biodistribution. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Surg, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Med Sci Training Program, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Garver, RI (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Med, 701 S 19th St,LHRB 339, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. OI Winokur, Thomas/0000-0002-6785-2991 NR 29 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0169-5002 J9 LUNG CANCER-J IASLC JI Lung Cancer PD MAY PY 2002 VL 36 IS 2 BP 133 EP 141 AR PII S0169-5002(01)00486-X DI 10.1016/S0169-5002(01)00486-X PG 9 WC Oncology; Respiratory System SC Oncology; Respiratory System GA 560QL UT WOS:000176092700003 PM 11955647 ER PT J AU Roman, GC AF Roman, GC TI Vascular dementia revisited: Diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention SO MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID AUTOSOMAL-DOMINANT ARTERIOPATHY; FRONTAL-SUBCORTICAL CIRCUITS; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; FAMILIAL BRITISH DEMENTIA; CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; BASE-LINE FREQUENCY; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; DOUBLE-BLIND AB Vascular dementia is an etiologic category that includes clinical forms of dementia caused by ischemic or hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease, or by ischemic-hypoxic brain lesions of cardiovascular origin. This article describes recent developments in the research on vascular dementia: the recognition of the adjuvant role of vascular factors in Alzheimer's, the recent identification of genetic forms of vascular dementia, progress in the understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms, and new possibilities of early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Neurol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Roman, GC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Neurol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 153 TC 88 Z9 104 U1 2 U2 8 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0025-7125 J9 MED CLIN N AM JI Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 86 IS 3 BP 477 EP + AR PII S0025-7125(02)00008-1 DI 10.1016/S0025-7125(02)00008-1 PG 24 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 578TN UT WOS:000177136100003 PM 12168556 ER PT J AU Tsuang, DW Bird, TD AF Tsuang, DW Bird, TD TI Genetics of dementia SO MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID FAMILIAL ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PRION PROTEIN GENE; TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION; GERSTMANN-STRAUSSLER-SCHEINKER; FRONTAL-LOBE DEGENERATION; AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; LEWY BODIES DLB; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE AB The past decade has seen a tremendous explosion of new information on the genetics of a variety of dementing disorders. This article focuses on seven of the most prominent examples of dementing disorders for which genes have been identified. The clinical, epidemiologic, and molecular genetic findings of these disorders are summarized. The goal is to bring together a succinct description of the latest genetic findings in these important disorders so that practitioners can more effectively diagnose and manage these conditions in their patients. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Clin & Educ Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Alzheimers Dis Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med Genet, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Tsuang, DW (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Clin & Educ Ctr, 116MIRECC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Tsuang, Debby/L-7234-2016 OI Tsuang, Debby/0000-0002-4716-1894 NR 112 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0025-7125 J9 MED CLIN N AM JI Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 86 IS 3 BP 591 EP + AR PII S0025-7125(02)00003-2 DI 10.1016/S0025-7125(02)00003-2 PG 25 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 578TN UT WOS:000177136100009 PM 12171060 ER PT J AU Bonner, LT Peskind, ER AF Bonner, LT Peskind, ER TI Pharmacologic treatments of dementia SO MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; LEWY BODY DEMENTIA; SEVERE ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; DOUBLE-BLIND; SENILE DEMENTIA; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION; SELECTIVE-INHIBITION; VASCULAR DEMENTIA AB Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia affect millions worldwide. Is it estimated that Alzheimer's, the most common cause of dementia, accounts for nearly 70% of dementias. Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Vascular/Multi-Infarct Dementia are probably the second and third most common forms of dementia. This article discusses current pharmacologic treatment options for dementia diseases, as well as effective nonpharmacologic approaches to treatment. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Bonner, LT (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 116 MIRECC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG18644, AG05136] NR 80 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0025-7125 J9 MED CLIN N AM JI Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 86 IS 3 BP 657 EP + AR PII S0025-7125(02)00007-X DI 10.1016/S0025-7125(02)00007-X PG 19 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 578TN UT WOS:000177136100013 PM 12171061 ER PT J AU Hunt, SC Richardson, RD Engel, CC AF Hunt, SC Richardson, RD Engel, CC TI Clinical management of Gulf War veterans with medically unexplained physical symptoms SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ILLNESS; PATIENT; CARE; ATTRIBUTIONS; PREVALENCE; POPULATION; HEALTH; PAIN AB Veterans of the Persian Gulf War have increased rates of medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS). This article describes a model for the clinical management of MUPS in Gulf War veterans. Predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors contribute to the emergence and clinical course of MUPS. Predisposing factors include biologically and psychosocially determined vulnerabilities that render individuals more susceptible to MUPS and related morbidity. Precipitating factors promote the onset of MUPS. These factors are triggering events that serve to initiate episodes of MUPS. Perpetuating factors sustain illness. They maintain, exacerbate, or prolong MUPS and associated distress and disability. Intervention involves identifying and addressing all relevant predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors. A representative patient vignette is presented to illustrate the clinical utility of the model for a Gulf War veteran with MUPS. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hunt, SC (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA USA. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 167 IS 5 BP 414 EP 420 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 653DU UT WOS:000181420600010 PM 12053851 ER PT J AU Hussein, MR Sun, M Roggero, E Sudilovsky, EC Tuthill, RJ Wood, GS Sudilovsky, O AF Hussein, MR Sun, M Roggero, E Sudilovsky, EC Tuthill, RJ Wood, GS Sudilovsky, O TI Loss of heterozygosity, microsatellite instability, and mismatch repair protein alterations in the radial growth phase of cutaneous malignant melanomas SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE tumor suppressor genes; polymerase chain reaction; microsatellite stable ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMAS; GENETIC ALTERATIONS; ALTERED EXPRESSION; TUMOR PROGRESSION; HMLH1 EXPRESSION; DYSPLASTIC NEVI; ALLELIC LOSSES; DNA; HMSH2 AB Little is known about genomic alterations during development of the radial growth phase (RGP) of cutaneous malignant melanomas (CMMs). In this investigation polymerase chain reaction-based microsatellite assays were applied to analyze 13 RGP-CMMs with 18 microsatellite markers at SIX chromosomal regions: 1p, 3p, 4q, 6q, 9p, and 10q. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was found in eight cases (62%), at 9p22, 1p36, and 10q11, suggesting the presence of tumor-suppressor genes at these regions. LOH was encountered frequently at the interferon-alpha (31%) and D10S249 loci (15%). Low-level microsatellite instability (MSI) (11 - 16% of investigated loci unstable) was noted in three cases (23%). Two MSI banding patterns were seen: band shift and the presence of additional bands. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of the low-level MSI pattern, we analyzed the lesions for expression of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins with immunoperoxidase methods and mouse monoclonal antibodies. The average percentages of positively stained cells for human MutL homolog 1 (hMLHI), human MutS homolog 2 (hMSH2), and human MutS homolog 6 (hMSH6) in RGP-CMM (75.6 +/- 3.4%, 67.20 +/- 7.71%, and 76.6 +/- 2.1%, respectively) were reduced compared with benign nevi. No statistically significant differences in MMR protein expression were found between microsatellite-stable and low-level MSI lesions (P=0.173, P=0.458, and P=0.385 for hMLH1, hMSH2, and hMSH6, respectively). There was a direct correlation between values for percentages of positively stained cells for hMSH2 and hMSH6 (r= +0.9, P=0.03), suggesting that common mechanisms regulate their expression. In conclusion, LOH, MSI, and reduced MMR protein expression appear to be present in at least some RGP-CMMs and may play a role in their pathogenesis. Further studies are necessary to support these finding and to determine their diagnostic and prognostic significance. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Dermatol, Madison, WI 53715 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53715 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Inst Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Inst Histopatol, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Anatom Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. RP Wood, GS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Dermatol, 1 S Pk,7th Floor, Madison, WI 53715 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR02136] NR 58 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0899-1987 J9 MOL CARCINOGEN JI Mol. Carcinog. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 34 IS 1 BP 35 EP 44 DI 10.1002/mc.10047 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology GA 549LZ UT WOS:000175446600005 PM 12112321 ER PT J AU Jara, A Chacon, C Felsenfeld, AJ AF Jara, A Chacon, C Felsenfeld, AJ TI How dietary phosphate, renal failure and calcitriol administration affect the serum calcium-phosphate relationship in the rat SO NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE calcitriol; calcium; hyperparathyroidism; parathyroid hormone; phosphate; renal failure ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE; CALCEMIC RESPONSE; VITAMIN-D; PHOSPHORUS; METABOLISM AB Background. The effect of hyperphosphataemia on serum calcium regulation in renal failure has not been well Studied in a setting in which hypercalcaemia is not parathyroid hormone (PTH) mediated. In azotemic rats with a normal serum calcium concentration, in increased dietary phosphate burden affects serum calcium regulation because of its effects on skeletal resistance to PTH, calcitriol production, and possibly intestinal calcium absorption. Our goal was to determine how hyperphosphataemia affected the development of hypercalcaemia during calcitriol-induced hypercalcaemia and PTH suppression in azotemic rats with established hyperparathyroidism. Methods. Rats underwent a two-stage 5/6 nephrectomy or corresponding sham operations. After surgery, rats were given a high phosphate diet (P 1.2%) for 4 weeks to exacerbate hyperparathyroidism and were then changed to a normal diet (P 0.6%) for 2 weeks to normalize serum calcium values in the azotemic rats. At week 7, rats were divided into five groups and sacrificed after receiving three intraperitoneal doses of calcitriol (CTR, 500 pmol/100 g) or vehicle at 24 h intervals. The five groups and dietary phosphate content were: group 1, normal renal function (NRF) + 0.6% P+vehicle group 2, NRF + 0.6%, P + CTR; group 3, renal failure (RF)+ 0.6% P+vehicle; group group 5, RF + 0.6% P + 4 RF + 1.2% P + CTR; and CTR. Both the 0.6% and 1.2% phosphate diets contained 0.6%, calcium. Results. Serum creatinine values were increased (P < 0.05) in 5/6 nephrectomized rats (groups 3, 4 and 5), as were serum calcium values (P < 0.05) in CTR-treated rats (groups 2, 4 and 5) and serum phosphate values (P < 0.05) in CTR-treated azotemic rats (groups 4 and 5). Serum PTH values were suppressed (P < 0.05) in CTR-treated hypercalcemic rats (groups 2, 4 and 5) and increased (P < 0.05) in azotemic rats not given CTR (group 3). In the azotemic groups (groups 3, 4 and 5), an inverse correlation was present between serum calcium and phosphate in each group, despite a wide variation in serum calcium values. The slope of the inverse relationship between serum calcium and phosphate was steeper in CTR-treated azotemic rats on a 1.2% phosphate (group 4) diet than on a 0.6% phosphate (group 5) diet (P = 0.02). Thus, for a similar increase in the serum phosphate concentration, serum calcium values decreased more in group 4 than in group 5. The independent effect of dietary phosphate on serum calcium values was also confirmed by analysis of covariance. Finally, the serum calcium concentration was shown to be greater for any given serum phosphate value in CTR-treated rats than in those not on CTR. Conclusions. In azotemic rats with calcitriol-induced hypercalcaemia, the magnitude of hypercalcaemia is affected by: (i) the serum phosphate concentration; and (ii) differences in dietary phosphate content. Calcitriol administration also acts to shift upwards the relationship between serum calcium and phosphate so that a higher serum calcium concentration can be maintained for any given serum phosphate value. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Nephrol, Santiago, Chile. RP Jara, A (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Hosp Clin, Dept Nephrol, Marcoleta 345, Santiago, Chile. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0931-0509 J9 NEPHROL DIAL TRANSPL JI Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 17 IS 5 BP 765 EP 771 DI 10.1093/ndt/17.5.765 PG 7 WC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology SC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology GA 551GC UT WOS:000175550800013 PM 11981061 ER PT J AU Hazuda, HP Gerety, MB Lee, S Mulrow, CD Lichtenstein, MJ AF Hazuda, HP Gerety, MB Lee, S Mulrow, CD Lichtenstein, MJ TI Measuring subclinical disability in older Mexican Americans SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE activities of daily living; adaptation; disability; elderly; Mexican Americans; methods ID DISABLEMENT PROCESS; SCALE; MOBILITY AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive list of adaptive strategies to prevent disability and use this information to devise a preliminary measure of subclinical disability (state of sustained independence in the presence of latent or manifest functional limitations) suitable for older Mexican Americans. Method: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 24 community-dwelling Mexican American elders ( greater than or equal to65 years old) to elicit information about adaptations in performance of daily living tasks (eg, walking, dressing, and shopping) that may indicate presence of subclinical disability. This information was used to construct a quantitative self-report measure of subclinical disability administered to 207 older Mexican Americans. Item and factor analyses were performed to reduce the number of items and establish their underlying structure. Construct and discriminant validity of the reduced instrument was determined. Results: A framework comprised of nine categories of daily living tasks, three functional levels, and five adaptation types was generated from the qualitative data. The initial 133-item measure (named the ADAPT) was reduced to a 44-item scale with three subscales (physical, household, and social). ADAPT scores correlated significantly in the expected direction with standard functional status measures, but the shared variance was modest, indicating that the ADAPT captured substantial, unique variance. Mean ADAPT scores differed significantly and were monotonically lower across subgroups classified as independent, subclinically disabled, and disabled, respectively. Conclusions: The ADAPT seems to have construct and discriminant validity as a measure of subclinical disability. Additional research is required to determine sensitivity to change and clinically significant cut points for varying risk of frank disability. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Epidemiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Aging Res & Educ Ctr, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX USA. Aging Res & Educ Ctr, Div Gen Med & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX USA. GRECC, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Med Res Serv, Dept Vet Affairs, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Hazuda, HP (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Epidemiol, MC 7873,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01RR01346-19]; NIA NIH HHS [1 P20 AG12044]; PHS HHS [1 R01 10444, 1 R01 16518] NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0033-3174 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2002 VL 64 IS 3 BP 520 EP 530 PG 11 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 555JV UT WOS:000175791700017 PM 12021426 ER PT J AU Barkhuizen, A AF Barkhuizen, A TI Rational and targeted pharmacologic treatment of fibromyalgia SO RHEUMATIC DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME; CHRONIC NONMALIGNANT PAIN; DOUBLE-BLIND CROSSOVER; MULTIPLE CHEMICAL SENSITIVITIES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; MYOFASCIAL TRIGGER POINT; FEMALE URETHRAL SYNDROME AB Despite disappointing results when subjected to randomized clinical trials, pharmacologic agents remain an important component of fibromyalgia (FM) management. Addressing the main symptoms of pain, disturbed sleep, mood disturbances, fatigue and associated conditions are essential to improve patient functioning and enhanced quality of life. However, much work remains to design clinical trials that address the complexity of FM, while satisfying evidence-based medicine paradigms. C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Barkhuizen, A (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med, OP09,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 168 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-857X J9 RHEUM DIS CLIN N AM JI Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. PD MAY PY 2002 VL 28 IS 2 BP 261 EP + AR PII S0889-857X(01)00011-4 DI 10.1016/S0889-857X(01)00011-4 PG 31 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 569LK UT WOS:000176603700006 PM 12122917 ER PT J AU Harris, JG Young, DA Rojas, DC Cajade-Law, A Scherzinger, A Nawroz, S Adler, LE Cullum, CM Simon, J Freedman, R AF Harris, JG Young, DA Rojas, DC Cajade-Law, A Scherzinger, A Nawroz, S Adler, LE Cullum, CM Simon, J Freedman, R TI Increased hippocampal volume in schizophrenics' parents with ancestral history of schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL BRAIN ABNORMALITIES; CEREBRAL VENTRICULAR SIZE; TWINS DISCORDANT; REDUCTION; DYSFUNCTION; PATHOLOGY; SIBLINGS; BIRTH AB Objective: Decreased hippocampal volume is one of the hypothesized pathological features of schizophrenia, but it is not known if this abnormality is familially transmitted. The aim of this study was to measure the hippocampal volume of the parents of schizophrenic probands. in relationship to the apparent transmission of genetic risk. Method: Eighteen subjects from families consisting of a schizophrenic proband and two clinically unaffected parents were studied. Probands were compared to six control subjects, matched for age, sex, and educational level. The six families were selected so that only one parent had an ancestral family history of schizophrenia. The volumes of both hippocampi were measured by magnetic resonance imaging and adjusted for age and whole brain volume. Results: The total hippocampal volumes of the parents with ancestral family history of schizophrenia were significantly larger than those of their schizophrenic offspring. Conclusions: This study suggests that decreased hippocampal volume in schizophrenia is not a familially transmitted abnormality. Rather, it appears that clinically unaffected parents who transmit apparent genetic risk for schizophrenia may have increased hippocampal volume, which may be a protective factor against the illness. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. Aurora Community Mental Hlth Ctr, Aurora, CO 80014 USA. RP Harris, JG (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, C268-71,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RI Rojas, Don/F-4296-2012 OI Rojas, Don/0000-0001-6560-9616 NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2002 VL 55 IS 1-2 BP 11 EP 17 AR PII S0920-9964(01)00272-9 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(01)00272-9 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 546ZQ UT WOS:000175307500002 PM 11955959 ER PT J AU Larsen, G Hallstrom, A McAnulty, J Pinski, S Olarte, A Sullivan, S Brodsky, M Powell, J Marchant, C Jennings, C Akiyama, T AF Larsen, G Hallstrom, A McAnulty, J Pinski, S Olarte, A Sullivan, S Brodsky, M Powell, J Marchant, C Jennings, C Akiyama, T CA AVID Investigators TI Cost-effectiveness of the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator versus antiarrhythmic drugs in survivors of serious ventricular tachyarrhythmias - Results of the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) economic analysis substudy SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE cost-benefit analysis; heart arrest; antiarrhythmia agents; defibrillation; tachyarrhythmias ID PREVENTION; AMIODARONE; DISEASE; DEATH; CIDS AB Background-The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is an effective but expensive device. We used prospectively collected data from a large randomized clinical trial of secondary prevention of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias to determine the cost-effectiveness of the ICD compared with antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) therapy, largely with amiodarone. Methods and Results-Charges for initial and repeat hospitalizations, emergency room, and day surgery stays and the costs of antiarrhythmic drugs were collected on 1008 patients. Detailed records of all other medical encounters and expenses were collected on a subgroup of 237 patients. Regression models were then created to attribute these expenses to the rest of the patients. Charges were converted to 1997 costs using standard methods. Costs and life years were discounted at 3% per year. Three-year survival data from the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators trail were used to calculate the base-case cost-effectiveness (C/E) ratio. Six-year, twenty-year, and lifetime C/E ratios were also estimated. At 3 years. total costs were $71 421 for a patient taking AADs and $85 522 for a patient using an ICD, and the ICD provided a 0.21-year survival benefit over AAD treatment. The base-case C/E ratio was thus $66 677 per year of life saved by the ICD compared with AAD therapy (95% Cl. $30 761 to $154 768). Six- and 20-year C/E ratios remained stable between $68 000 and $80 000 per year of life saved. Conclusions-The ICD is moderately cost-effective for secondary prevention of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, as judged from prospectively collected data in a randomized clinical trial. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, Portland, OR USA. AVID Clin Trial Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Cardiol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, Rush Med Coll, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Cardiol, Irvine, CA USA. NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Cardiol, Rochester, NY USA. RP Larsen, G (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, P-3-CARD,3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01-HC-25117] NR 16 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD APR 30 PY 2002 VL 105 IS 17 BP 2049 EP 2057 DI 10.1161/01.CIR.0000015504.57641.D0 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 548YR UT WOS:000175418000018 PM 11980684 ER PT J AU Vijg, J Dolle, MET AF Vijg, J Dolle, MET TI Large genome rearrangements as a primary cause of aging SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE aging; genome rearrangements; LacZ reporter genes; nuclear architecture; mutations ID IN-VIVO MUTATIONS; TRANSGENIC MICE; WERNER-SYNDROME; REPAIR; AGE; INSTABILITY; ACCUMULATION; ABERRATIONS; EVOLUTION; FREQUENCY AB In his introductory chapter of the Mutation Research special issue on 'Genetic Instability and Aging', the late Bernard Strehler provided some historical perspectives on the long-standing hypothesis that aging is primarily caused by changes in the genome of somatic cells (Strehler, 1995, Mutat. Res. 338 (1995) 3). Based on his own findings of a loss of ribosomal RNA gene copies in postmitotic tissues of dogs as well as humans during aging, his main conclusion was that deletional mutations are more likely than point mutations to be a main causal factor in aging. To directly assess the levels of different types of spontaneous mutations in organs and tissues during aging, we have used a mouse model harboring a chromosomally integrated cluster of lacZ-containing plasmids that can be recovered and analyzed in Escherichia coli. Our results indicate the accumulation of mutations in some but not all organs of the mouse with significant differences in mutational spectra. In addition to point mutations, genome rearrangements involving up to 66 Mb of genomic DNA appeared to be a major component of the mutational spectra. Physical characterization of the breakpoints of such rearrangements indicated their possible origin by erroneous, non-homologous DNA double-strand break repair. Based on their increased occurrence during aging in some tissues and their often very large size, we have designed a model for an aging tissue in terms of a cellular mosaic with a gradual increase in genome rearrangements that leads to functional senescence, neoplastic transformation or death of individual cells by disrupting nuclear architecture and patterns of gene regulation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 STCBM, Sam & Ann Barshop Ctr Aging & Longev Res, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Vijg, J (reprint author), STCBM, Sam & Ann Barshop Ctr Aging & Longev Res, Dept Physiol, Room 2-200,15355 Lambda Dr, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 13319, AG 17242]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 11044] NR 39 TC 89 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing Dev. PD APR 30 PY 2002 VL 123 IS 8 BP 907 EP 915 AR PII S0047-6374(02)00028-3 DI 10.1016/S0047-6374(02)00028-3 PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 580MN UT WOS:000177238500012 PM 12044939 ER PT J AU Uyemura, K Castle, SC Makinodan, T AF Uyemura, K Castle, SC Makinodan, T TI The frail elderly: role of dendritic cells in the susceptibility of infection SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE aging; dendritic cells; frail elderly; cytokines ID T-HELPER CELL; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; INTERLEUKIN-2 PRODUCTION; SENIEUR PROTOCOL; IL-10; SYSTEM; PROLIFERATION; POPULATIONS; ACTIVATION AB The decline in immunity in the elderly has largely been attributed to impairment of T cell mechanisms. This seems reasonable since the thymus involutes with age, so that the number of naive cells to respond to new foreign antigens also declines. However, little is known about how aging affects antigen-presenting cells (APC) that are responsible for the initiation and outcome of effector T cell immune responses. This review focuses on the age-related alterations of a key APC, the dendritic cell (DC). Recent findings suggest that interleukin-10, a key cytokine that can suppress cell mediated immunity and maturation of DC subsets, is elevated in the very healthy elderly. However, production of IL-12, required for the initiation of T cell immune responses, declines in frail elderly along with DC antigen presenting function. These findings suggest that shifts in IL-10 and IL-12 may not only directly influence immune response but may also alter the balance and maturation of DC subsets. Finally, study of immunologic differences between the very healthy and frail elderly may reveal important changes in DC function and regulation influenced by age and/or environment (disease, nutrition, medications, etc.). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Uyemura, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, 11301 Wilshisre Blvd,Bldg 113,Room 257, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 42 TC 68 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing Dev. PD APR 30 PY 2002 VL 123 IS 8 BP 955 EP 962 AR PII S0047-6374(02)00033-7 DI 10.1016/S0047-6374(02)00033-7 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 580MN UT WOS:000177238500017 PM 12044944 ER PT J AU Guo, ZM Mitchell-Raymundo, F Yang, H Ikeno, Y Nelson, J Diaz, V Richardson, A Reddick, R AF Guo, ZM Mitchell-Raymundo, F Yang, H Ikeno, Y Nelson, J Diaz, V Richardson, A Reddick, R TI Dietary restriction reduces atherosclerosis and oxidative stress in the aorta of apolipoprotein E-deficient mice SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International NILS Workshop on Longevity Sciences CY NOV 30-DEC 01, 2000 CL AICHI, JAPAN SP Japan Fdn Aging & Hlth DE atherosclerosis; mouse; apolipoprotein E; dietary restriction ID HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; FOOD RESTRICTION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; PLASMA TRIGLYCERIDE; CALORIE RESTRICTION; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; PROTEIN OXIDATION; FISCHER-344 RATS; GENE-EXPRESSION AB Dietary restriction (DR) has been shown to inhibit almost all the age-related diseases, e.g. cardiomyopathy and cancers, in rodents. However, there is little information for the effect of DR on atherosclerosis. In the present study, we examined the effect of DR on the development of atherosclerosis in mice homozygous knockout for apolipoprotein E gene (ApoE(-/-)). The ApoE(-/-) mice were fed either ad libitum (AL) or 60% of the diet consumed by the mice fed AL. Atherosclerotic lesions in the proximal aorta of these mice were measured. Our results showed that ApoE(-/-) mice fed the calorie-restricted diet had smaller and relatively early stages of atherosclerotic lesions (e.g. foam cells and free lipids) when compared to ApoE(-/-) mice fed AL, who developed more advanced lesions (e.g. fibrous caps and acellular areas). In addition, ApoE(-/-) mice fed the calorie-restricted diet showed a significant decrease in the level of lipid hydroperoxides and the production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the aorta as compared to ApoE(-/-) mice fed AL. These observations suggest that reduction of oxidative stress in the arterial wall may contribute to the anti-atherogenic effect of DR in ApoE(-/-) mice. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Sam & Ann Barshop Ctr Longev & Aging Studies, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Guo, ZM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 16998, P01 AG13319] NR 56 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing Dev. PD APR 30 PY 2002 VL 123 IS 8 BP 1121 EP 1131 AR PII S0047-6374(02)00008-8 DI 10.1016/S0047-6374(02)00008-8 PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 580MN UT WOS:000177238500035 PM 12044962 ER PT J AU Peng, Z Hauer, B Mihalek, RM Homanics, GE Sieghart, W Olsen, RW Houser, CR AF Peng, Z Hauer, B Mihalek, RM Homanics, GE Sieghart, W Olsen, RW Houser, CR TI GABA(A) receptor changes in delta subunit-deficient mice: Altered expression of alpha 4 and gamma 2 subunits in the forebrain SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE GABA; immunohistochemistry; knockout mice; synaptic inhibition ID AMINOBUTYRIC ACID(A) RECEPTOR; TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; RAT-BRAIN; MESSENGER-RNAS; IN-SITU; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; THALAMIC NUCLEI; TRANSGENIC MICE; GENE-EXPRESSION; HIPPOCAMPUS AB The 6 subunit is a novel subunit of the pentameric gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor that conveys special pharmacological and functional properties to recombinant receptors and may be particularly important in mediating tonic inhibition. Mice that lack the 8 subunit have been produced by gene-targeting technology, and these mice were studied with immunohistochemical and immunoblot methods to determine whether changes in GABA(A) receptors were limited to deletion of the 8 subunit or whether alterations in other GABA(A) receptor subunits were also present in the 8 subunit knockout (delta-/-) mice. Immunohistochemical studies of wild-type mice confirmed the restricted distribution of the 8 subunit in the forebrain. Regions with moderate to high levels of 6 subunit expression included thalamic relay nuclei, caudate-putamen, molecular layer of the dentate gyrus, and outer layers of the cerebral cortex. Virtually no 8 subunit labeling was evident in adjacent regions, such as the thalamic reticular nucleus, hypothalamus, and globus pallidus. Comparisons of the expression of other subunits in delta-/- and wild-type mice demonstrated substantial changes in the alpha4 and gamma2 subunits of the GABA(A) receptor in the delta-/- mice. gamma2 Subunit expression was increased, whereas alpha4 subunit expression was decreased in delta-/- mice. Importantly, alterations of both the a4 and the gamma2 subunits were confined primarily to brain regions that normally expressed the 8 subunit. This suggests that the additional subunit changes are directly linked to loss of the 8 subunit and could reflect local changes in subunit composition and function of GABAA receptors in delta-/- mice. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Vienna, Brain Res Inst, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Univ Vienna, Psychiat Clin, Sect Biochem Psychiat, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Houser, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, CHS 73-235, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Sieghart, Werner/A-4877-2013 OI Sieghart, Werner/0000-0002-0443-0302 FU BLRD VA [I01 BX000404]; NIAAA NIH HHS [AA 10422]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 47818, GM 52035]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS 35985] NR 58 TC 164 Z9 166 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9967 J9 J COMP NEUROL JI J. Comp. Neurol. PD APR 29 PY 2002 VL 446 IS 2 BP 179 EP 197 DI 10.1002/cne.10210 PG 19 WC Neurosciences; Zoology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Zoology GA 537MA UT WOS:000174761000007 PM 11932935 ER PT J AU Guo, SS Arora, C Shimoide, AT Sawicki, MP AF Guo, SS Arora, C Shimoide, AT Sawicki, MP TI Frequent deletion of chromosome 3 in malignant sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pancreatic endocrine tumors; loss of heterozygosity; chromosome 3; tumor suppressor ID NEOPLASIA TYPE-1; SUPPRESSOR GENE; CELL TUMORS; GASTRINOMAS; HETEROZYGOSITY; TUMORIGENESIS; P53; MODEL; LOCI AB Pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs) arise from neuroendocrine cells in and around the pancreas. As loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of chromosome 3 has been reported in sporadic PETs, we examined 16 sporadic PETs for LOH of 10 polymorphic DNA markers spanning both arms of chromosome 3. LOH was demonstrated in 4 of 8 (50%) sporadic PETs with hepatic metastasis, but in none of 8 sporadic PETs without hepatic involvement. The smallest common-deleted region (SCDR) mapped to 3q27-qter. Analysis of this data with the status of markers on chromosomes 1, 11, and MEN1 mutations in these 16 sporadic PETs revealed that chromosome 3q loss may be a late event in sporadic PET tumorigenesis. These data, combined with reports from other investigators, indicate that chromosome 3q27-qter may contain a tumor suppressor gene that's important in the tumorigenesis of sporadic PETs. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Gen Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Sawicki, MP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Gen Surg, Room 72-215 CHS,10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 26 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0303-7207 J9 MOL CELL ENDOCRINOL JI Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. PD APR 25 PY 2002 VL 190 IS 1-2 BP 109 EP 114 AR PII S0303-7207(02)00002-3 DI 10.1016/S0303-7207(02)00002-3 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 554GT UT WOS:000175728000012 PM 11997184 ER PT J AU Yaffe, K Fox, P Newcomer, R Sands, L Lindquist, K Dane, K Covinsky, KE AF Yaffe, K Fox, P Newcomer, R Sands, L Lindquist, K Dane, K Covinsky, KE TI Patient and Caregiver characteristics and nursing home placement in patients with dementia SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE DEMONSTRATION; LONG-TERM-CARE; CONTROLLED TRIAL; INSTITUTIONALIZATION; PREDICTORS; BURDEN; TIME; INTERVENTION; EXPERIENCE; POPULATION AB Context The decision to institutionalize a patient with dementia is complex and is based on patient and caregiver characteristics and the sociocultural context of patients and caregivers. Most studies have determined predictors of nursing home placement primarily according to patient or caregiver characteristics alone. Objective To develop and validate a prognostic model to determine the comprehensive predictors of placement among an ethnically diverse population of patients with dementia. Design, Setting, and Participants The Medicare Alzheimer's Disease Demonstration and Evaluation study, a prospective study at 8 sites in the United States, with enrollment between December 1989 and December 1994 of 5788 community-living persons with advanced dementia. Main Outcome Measures Time to nursing home placement throughout a 36-month follow-up period, assessed by interview and review of Medicare records, and its association with patient and caregiver characteristics, obtained by interview at enrollment. Results Patients were divided into a development (n=3859) and validation (n=1929) cohort. In the development cohort, the Kaplan-Meier estimates of nursing home placement throughout 1, 2, and 3 years were 22%, 40%, and 52%, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, patient characteristics that were associated with nursing home placement were as follows: black ethnicity (hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48-0.74), Hispanic ethnicity (HR, 0.40; 95% Cl, 0.28-0.56) (both ethnicities were inversely associated with placement), living alone (HR, 1.74; 95% Cl, 1.49-2.02), 1 or more dependencies in activities of daily living (HR, 1.38; 95% Cl, 1.20-1.60), high cognitive impairment (for Mini-Mental Status Examination score less than or equal to20: HR, 1.52; 95% Cl, 1.33-1.73), and 1 or more difficult behaviors (HR, 1.30; 95% Cl, 1.11-1.52). Caregiver characteristics associated with patient placement were age 65 to 74 years (HR, 1.17; 95% Cl, 1.01-1.37), age 75 years or older (HR, 1.55; 95% Cl, 1.31-1.84), and high Zarit Burden Scale score (for highest quartile: HR, 1.73; 95% Cl, 1.49-2.00). Patients were assigned to quartiles of risk based on this model. In the development cohort, patients in the first, second, third, and fourth quartile had a 25%, 42%, 64%, and 91% rate of nursing home placement at 3 years, respectively. In the validation cohort, the respective rates were 21%, 50%, 64%, and 89%. The C statistic for 3-year nursing home placement was 0.66 in the development cohort and 0.63 in the validation cohort. Conclusions Patient and caregiver characteristics are both important determinants of long-term care placement for patients with dementia. Interventions directed at delaying placement, such as reduction of caregiver burden or difficult patient behaviors, need to take into account the patient and caregiver as a unit. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Hlth & Aging, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Yaffe, K (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, Box 111G,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RI Sands, Laura/E-8919-2015 OI Sands, Laura/0000-0003-2446-4486 FU NIA NIH HHS [K23-AG00888] NR 36 TC 408 Z9 421 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 24 PY 2002 VL 287 IS 16 BP 2090 EP 2097 DI 10.1001/jama.287.16.2090 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 542ZK UT WOS:000175075700026 PM 11966383 ER PT J AU Kiefe, CI AF Kiefe, CI TI Race/ethnicity and cancer survival - The elusive target of biological differences SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID RACE C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35205 USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Kiefe, CI (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Med, 1717 11th Ave S,MT 700, Birmingham, AL 35205 USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 24 PY 2002 VL 287 IS 16 BP 2138 EP 2139 DI 10.1001/jama.287.16.2138 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 542ZK UT WOS:000175075700032 PM 11966389 ER PT J AU Nelson, K Norris, K Mangione, CM AF Nelson, K Norris, K Mangione, CM TI Disparities in the diagnosis and pharmacologic treatment of high serum cholesterol by race and ethnicity - Data from the third national health and nutrition examination survey SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; LIPID-LOWERING MEDICATIONS; HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL; UNITED-STATES ADULTS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; ARTERY DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ESTROGEN/PROGESTIN REPLACEMENT; REVASCULARIZATION PROCEDURES AB Background: Serum cholesterol is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease. There are conflicting data on racial and ethnic variation in the treatment of high cholesterol. Methods: We analyzed data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey conducted between 1988 and 1994. Participants included 7679 white, 4467 African American, and 4113 Mexican American adults older than 25 years who completed the household adult questionnaire. The adjusted odds of serum cholesterol screening and of taking a prescription medication to lower serum cholesterol among African Americans and Mexican Americans were compared with those of whites, controlling for differences in age, sex, income, educational level, insurance status, comorbid illness, and having a regular source of health care. Results: African Americans and Mexican Americans were significantly less likely than whites to report ever having had their blood cholesterol checked (odds ratio, 0.7 for both; P<.001). Among individuals with high cholesterol who were told to take a medication, African Americans (P<.001) and Mexican Americans (P=.05) were less likely than whites to be taking a cholesterol-lowering agent (odds ratios, 0.3 and 0.5, respectively). Individuals who reported being told they had high cholesterol had significantly higher serum cholesterol measurements (from the laboratory examination) than those who reported being told their cholesterol was not high (234 vs 198 mg/dL [6.05 vs 5.12 mmol/L]; P<.001). Conclusions: African Americans and Mexican Americans were less likely to report serum cholesterol screening than whites. Even when identified as having high cholesterol that required medication, African Americans and Mexican Americans were less likely than whites to be taking cholesterol-lowering agents. C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Charles Drew Univ, Dept Internal Med, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Gen Internal Med & Hlth Serv Res, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RAND Hlth, Santa Monica, CA USA. RP Nelson, K (reprint author), Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, 1660 S Columbian Way,Mail Stop S-111-GIMC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [U54RR14616] NR 67 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD APR 22 PY 2002 VL 162 IS 8 BP 929 EP 935 DI 10.1001/archinte.162.8.929 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 542JH UT WOS:000175039400010 PM 11966345 ER PT J AU Barak, O Goshen, I Ben-Hur, T Weidenfeld, J Taylor, AN Yirmiya, R AF Barak, O Goshen, I Ben-Hur, T Weidenfeld, J Taylor, AN Yirmiya, R TI Involvement of brain cytokines in the neurobehavioral disturbances induced by HIV-1 glycoprotein120 SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE gp120; sickness behavior; IL-1; TNF alpha; IL-10; AIDS ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; FACTOR-ALPHA; MYCOPLASMA-FERMENTANS; PSYCHIATRIC-SYMPTOMS; RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; GLIAL-CELLS AB lntracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of HIV-1 glycoprotein 120 (gp120), the envelope protein used by the virus to gain access into immune cells, induces neurobehavioral alterations in rats. To examine the role of proinflammatory cytokines in mediating these effects, we measured the effects of gp120 on brain proinflammatory cytokine expression and the effects of anti-inflammatory agents, including interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), pentoxifylline (a TNFalpha synthesis blocker) and IL-10, on gp120-induced sickness behavior. I.c.v. administration of gp120 induced the expression of IL-1beta, but not TNFalpha, mRNA in the hypothalamus. 3 h after the injection. Pretreatment of rats with IL-Ira, but not with pentoxifylline, significantly attenuated gp120-induced anorexia and loss in body weight, whereas both agents had no effect on gp120-induced reduction in locomotor activity in the open field. Pretreatment with either IL-1ra and pentoxifylline simultaneously. or with IL-10, produced effects that were similar to the effects of IL-Ira alone. Together, these findings indicate that IL-1. but not TNFalpha, mediates some of the behavioral effects of acute gp120 administration, suggesting that brain IL-1 may be involved in some of the neurobehavioral abnormalities evident in AIDS patients. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science BV All rights reserved. C1 Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Psychol, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel. Hadassah Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Yirmiya, R (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Psychol, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel. EM msrazy@mscc.huji.ac.il RI Yirmiya, Raz/D-1090-2014 NR 66 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD APR 19 PY 2002 VL 933 IS 2 BP 98 EP 108 AR PII S0006-8993(02)02280-1 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02280-1 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 547YW UT WOS:000175361500002 PM 11931854 ER PT J AU Perry, GJ Wei, CC Hankes, GH Dillon, SR Rynders, P Mukherjee, R Spinale, FG Dell'Italia, LJ AF Perry, GJ Wei, CC Hankes, GH Dillon, SR Rynders, P Mukherjee, R Spinale, FG Dell'Italia, LJ TI Angiotensin II receptor blockade does not improve left ventricular function and remodeling in subacute mitral regurgitation in the dog SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEART-FAILURE; CONVERTING ENZYME; CAPTOPRIL; DYSFUNCTION; LOSARTAN; TISSUE; ELITE; TRIAL AB OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that angiotensin II type-1 (AT(1)) receptor blocker (AT(1) RB) would prevent adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling and LV dysfunction when started at the outset of, mitral regurgitation (MR). BACKGROUND Little is known regarding the efficacy of AT(1)RB treatment of MR. METHODS Mitral regurgitation was induced by chordal disruption in adult mongrel dogs. Six normal dogs (NLs) were compared to six untreated MR dogs (MR and seven dogs treated with the receptor blocker irbesartan (MR+AT(1)RB) started 24 h after induction of MR (60 mg/Lg p.o.b.i.d.) and continued for three months. RESULTS Treatment with AT(1)RB decreased systemic vascular resistance but did not significantly improve cardiac output, LV end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) or LVEDD/wall thickness, compared to untreated MR dogs. Resting isolated cardiomyocyte length increased in MR versus NLs and was further increased in AT(1)RB dogs. Left ventricular end-systolic dimension increased to a greater extent from baseline in AT,RB dogs versus untreated MR dogs (29 +/- 9% vs. 12 6%, p < 0.05), despite a significantly lower LV peak systolic pressure in AT,RB dogs. Plasma-angiotensin (ANG) II was elevated greater than threefold in both MR and MR+AT(1)RB versus NLs. In contrast, intracardiac ANG II was increased greater than twofold in MR dogs versus NLs, but was normalized by AT(1)RB. CONCLUSIONS The use of AT,RB decreased systemic vascular resistance and attenuated local expression of the renin-angiotensin system ut did not prevent adverse LV chamber and cardiomyocyte remodeling. These results suggest that blockade of the AT, receptor does not improve I.V remodeling and function in the early myocardial adaptive phase of MR. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;39:1374-9) (C) 2002 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Surg, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Auburn Coll Vet Med, Auburn, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Cardiovasc Dis, Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Dell'Italia, LJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 834 MCLM,1918 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL 54816, HL57952] NR 20 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD APR 17 PY 2002 VL 39 IS 8 BP 1374 EP 1379 AR PII S0935-1097(02)01763-1 DI 10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01763-1 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 541TP UT WOS:000175000800020 PM 11955858 ER PT J AU Ganz, PA Castellon, SA Silverman, DHS AF Ganz, PA Castellon, SA Silverman, DHS TI Estrogen, tamoxifen, and the brain SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Editorial Material ID HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; BREAST-CANCER; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; DENSITY; HEALTH; WOMEN; RISK C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Div Canc Prevent & Control Res, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Greater Los Angeses Vet Adm Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ahmanson Biol Imaging Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Ganz, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Div Canc Prevent & Control Res, 650 Charles Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD APR 17 PY 2002 VL 94 IS 8 BP 547 EP 549 PG 3 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 542AV UT WOS:000175022000002 PM 11959884 ER PT J AU Carabello, BA AF Carabello, BA TI Evaluation and management of patients with aortic stenosis SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE valves; heart diseases; stenosis; aorta ID VALVE-REPLACEMENT; SYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS; NATURAL-HISTORY; ADULTS; DETERMINANTS; PROGNOSIS; GRADIENT; SEVERITY; EXERCISE; SURVIVAL C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Carabello, BA (reprint author), 2002 Holcombe Blvd,111 MCL, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 27 TC 50 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD APR 16 PY 2002 VL 105 IS 15 BP 1746 EP 1750 DI 10.1161/01.CIR.0000015343.76143.13 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 543XK UT WOS:000175127700002 PM 11956110 ER PT J AU Nekhaeva, E Bodyak, ND Kraytsberg, Y McGrath, SB Van Orsouw, NJ Pluzhnikov, A Wei, JY Vijg, J Khrapko, K AF Nekhaeva, E Bodyak, ND Kraytsberg, Y McGrath, SB Van Orsouw, NJ Pluzhnikov, A Wei, JY Vijg, J Khrapko, K TI Clonally expanded mtDNA point mutations are abundant in individual cells of human tissues SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE somatic mutation; clonal expansion; single cell; aging; cancer ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA MUTATIONS; D-LOOP REGION; SOMATIC MUTATIONS; MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY; MUSCLE-FIBERS; NUCLEAR-DNA; GENOME; TUMORS; SEGREGATION; PSEUDOGENES AB Using single-cell sequence analysis, we discovered that a high proportion of cells in tissues as diverse as buccal epithelium and heart muscle contain high proportions of clonal mutant mtDNA expanded from single initial mutant mtDNA molecules. We demonstrate that intracellular clonal expansion of somatic point mutations is a common event in normal human tissues. This finding implies efficient homogenization of mitochondrial genomes within individual cells. Significant qualitative differences observed between the spectra of clonally expanded mutations in proliferating epithelial cells and postmitotic cardiomyocytes suggest, however, that either the processes generating these mutations or mechanisms driving them to homoplasmy are likely to be fundamentally different between the two tissues. Furthermore, the ability of somatic mtDNA mutations to expand (required for their phenotypic expression), as well as their apparently high incidence, reinforces the possibility that these mutations may be involved actively in various physiological processes such as aging and degenerative disease. The abundance of clonally expanded point mutations in individual cells of normal tissues also suggests that the recently discovered accumulation of mtDNA mutations in tumors may be explained by processes that are similar or identical to those operating in the normal tissue. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sam & Ann Bishop Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Khrapko, K (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, 77 Ave Louis Pasteur,Suite 921, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RI Khrapko, Konstantin/A-3244-2009 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG08812, AG18388, P30 AG013319, AG13319, P60 AG008812, AG17242, R01 AG018388, T32 AG000251, R01 AG019787, P01 AG017242, AG19787, AG00251, AG18356, AG13314]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES11343, R01 ES011343] NR 48 TC 126 Z9 139 U1 2 U2 11 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 16 PY 2002 VL 99 IS 8 BP 5521 EP 5526 DI 10.1073/pnas.072670199 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 543DX UT WOS:000175087000143 PM 11943860 ER PT J AU Kramer, BJ Harker, JO Wong, AL AF Kramer, BJ Harker, JO Wong, AL TI Descriptions of joint pain by American Indians: Comparison of inflammatory and noninflammatory arthritis SO ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM-ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE American Indians; semeiology; pain; arthritis ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; HIGH PREVALENCE; DISEASE; ALCOHOL AB Objective. To improve assessment of arthritis joint pain in American Indians by describing how symptoms are communicated. Method. In-depth interviews were conducted with American Indians who experience chronic joint pain (n = 56), to elicit descriptions and self-reported ratings of pain, disability, and beliefs associated with the pain for affected joints (n = 326). Results. Discrete sets of specific verbal descriptions distinguished inflammatory arthritis (n = 20 terms) from noninflammatory arthritis (n = 22 terms), and indicated levels of pain intensity. An additional set of 14 vague but commonly used verbal descriptors did not distinguish the type of joint disease or pain intensity. Conclusions. Subtle pain complaints and vague verbal descriptions, such as "ache," "hurt," and "discomfort," may reflect severe pain symptoms, disability, and more serious joint disease in American Indian patients. In addition, certain specific sensory descriptions used by American Indians suggest inflammatory arthritis and may warrant further evaluation. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Geriatr Res Educ Clin Ctr 11E, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Olive View UCLA Med Ctr, Sylmar, CA 91342 USA. RP Kramer, BJ (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Geriatr Res Educ Clin Ctr 11E, 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRIT RHEUM-ARTHR JI Arthritis Rheum-Arthritis Care Res. PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 47 IS 2 BP 149 EP 154 DI 10.1002/art1.10325 PG 6 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 540UN UT WOS:000174948100008 PM 11954008 ER PT J AU Harvey, PD Goodman, M Mitropoulou, V Barch, DM Koenigsberg, H Siever, LJ AF Harvey, PD Goodman, M Mitropoulou, V Barch, DM Koenigsberg, H Siever, LJ TI Cognitive enhancement in schizotypal personality disorder: A study of adrenergic and dopaminergic approaches SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, MIRECC, Bronx, NY USA. Washington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 47 BP 16S EP 17S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400044 ER PT J AU Schuepbach, D Sanders, RD Keshavan, MS AF Schuepbach, D Sanders, RD Keshavan, MS TI Cognitive impairments correlate with specific neurological soft signs in first-episode schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Zurich, Psychiat Univ Hosp, Zurich, Switzerland. Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, UPMC HS, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 77 BP 26S EP 26S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400073 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, RD Cheng, P Bland, BW AF Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, RD Cheng, P Bland, BW TI Abnormal glutathione redox coupling in schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Med Res Serv, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 84 BP 28S EP 29S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400080 ER PT J AU Koenigsberg, HW Teicher, MH Mitropoulou, V Navalta, C New, AS Goodman, M Trestman, R Siever, LJ AF Koenigsberg, HW Teicher, MH Mitropoulou, V Navalta, C New, AS Goodman, M Trestman, R Siever, LJ TI 24-hour patterns of cortisol, norepinephrine, MHPG, growth hormone, and prolactin secretion in depression SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Psychiat, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 94 BP 32S EP 32S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400090 ER PT J AU Grossman, R Buchsbaum, MS Yehuda, R Naidich, T New, A Siever, L AF Grossman, R Buchsbaum, MS Yehuda, R Naidich, T New, A Siever, L TI Hippocampal volume in personality disordered subjects: Associations with posttraumatic stress disorer, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis measures, and other factors SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Bronx, NY USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 105 BP 35S EP 36S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400101 ER PT J AU Yao, JK van Kammen, DP Reddy, RD Keshavan, MS Schmid, PC Berdyshev, EV Krebsbach, RJ Schmid, HHO AF Yao, JK van Kammen, DP Reddy, RD Keshavan, MS Schmid, PC Berdyshev, EV Krebsbach, RJ Schmid, HHO TI Elevated endocannabinoids in plasma from patients with schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Med Res Serv, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Robert Wood Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, Raritan, NJ USA. Univ Minnesota, Hormel Inst, Austin, MN 55912 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 190 BP 64S EP 65S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400184 ER PT J AU Kozel, FA Revell, LJ Lorberbaum, JP Shastri, A Smith, A Nahas, Z Nadeau, B Bohning, DE George, MS AF Kozel, FA Revell, LJ Lorberbaum, JP Shastri, A Smith, A Nahas, Z Nadeau, B Bohning, DE George, MS TI Regional brain correlates of electrodermal activity: A pilot fMRI study in healthy young men SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Ctr Adv Imaging, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA, Mental Hlth Serv, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Life Cycle, Comp Engn, Charleston, SC USA. RI Kozel, Frank/I-5366-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 255 BP 86S EP 87S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400249 ER PT J AU Najib, A Lorberbaum, JP Kose, S Nahas, Z Bohning, DE George, MS AF Najib, A Lorberbaum, JP Kose, S Nahas, Z Bohning, DE George, MS TI Regional brain activity in women grieving a romantic relationship breakup SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Tubingen, Fac Med, Tubingen, Germany. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 254 BP 86S EP 86S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400248 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Cheng, P AF Yao, JK Cheng, P TI A simple and sensitive method for simultaneous monitoring of antioxidant defense system and monoamine metabolic pathways in biological samples SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Med Res Serv, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 386 BP 131S EP 131S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400374 ER PT J AU Koenigsberg, HW Goodman, M Teicher, M Hollander, E Siever, LJ AF Koenigsberg, HW Goodman, M Teicher, M Hollander, E Siever, LJ TI Affective instability in borderline personality disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 429 BP 147S EP 147S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400412 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Hibbeln, JR Thomas, EA Glen, L Mahadik, SP Peet, M AF Yao, JK Hibbeln, JR Thomas, EA Glen, L Mahadik, SP Peet, M TI Arachidonic acid signaling in schizophrenia: Pathophysiological and treament implications SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Med Res Serv, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NIAAA, Lab Memb Biochem & Biophys, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Craig Dunain Hosp, Highland Psychiat Res Grp, Inverness, Scotland. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Psychiat & Hlth Behav, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. No Gen Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Sheffield S5 7AU, S Yorkshire, England. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 431 BP 147S EP 148S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400414 ER PT J AU Childress, AR Listerud, J Franklin, T Langleben, D Kampman, K Monterosso, J Acton, P Gray, J Fornash, A O'Brien, CP AF Childress, AR Listerud, J Franklin, T Langleben, D Kampman, K Monterosso, J Acton, P Gray, J Fornash, A O'Brien, CP TI Imaging the substrates of cue-induced drug craving and its modulation by pharmacologic or behavioral interventions SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 460 BP 157S EP 157S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400443 ER PT J AU Dracheva, S Elhakem, SL Davis, KL Haroutunian, V AF Dracheva, S Elhakem, SL Davis, KL Haroutunian, V TI GAD65 and GAD67 protein expression in DLPFC of elderly schizophrenia patients SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Bronx, NY USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 484 BP 166S EP 166S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400467 ER PT J AU Giordano, LF Olincy, A Hall, MH Freedman, R AF Giordano, LF Olincy, A Hall, MH Freedman, R TI Failure to inhibit the P50 auditory evoked potential in manic psychosis SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 521 BP 179S EP 179S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400504 ER PT J AU Shihabuddin, L Brickman, AM Miozzo, R Prikryl, R Shaw, R Davis, KL Buchsbaum, MS AF Shihabuddin, L Brickman, AM Miozzo, R Prikryl, R Shaw, R Davis, KL Buchsbaum, MS TI Caudate and putamen volume in good and poor outcome schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Off Mental Hlth, Bronx, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 SU S MA 562 BP 193S EP 194S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 541JA UT WOS:000174980400544 ER PT J AU Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Lu, PH Edwards, N Bridge, P Mintz, J AF Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Lu, PH Edwards, N Bridge, P Mintz, J TI Brain maturation may be arrested in chronic cocaine addicts SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE brain; aging; maturation; cocaine; addiction; white matter; myelin; gray matter; frontal lobe; temporal lobe ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; WHITE-MATTER; GRAY-MATTER; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; IN-VIVO; ABUSERS; MRI; AGE; CORTEX AB Background: Animal and human newborn studies suggest that exposure to cocaine in utero delays glial maturation and white matter myelination. Postmortem data show that in the frontal and temporal lobes, white matter myelination continues into middle age. Recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data have confirmed continued white matter volume increase in these regions, reaching a maximum at age 47. Methods: Thirty-seven male cocaine dependent (CD) and 52 normal control subjects between ages 19 and 47 were evaluated with MRI. Coronal images focused on the frontal and temporal lobes were acquired using pulse sequences that maximized gray/white matter contrast. Results: Highly significant positive correlations between white matter volume and age were observed in both the frontal and temporal lobes of the control group (r = .52, p = .0001 and r = .54, p = .0001, respectively); however, CD subjects did not demonstrate any age-related increase in white matter volume of the frontal (r = -.001; p = .99) and temporal (r = -.07; p = .67) lobes in this age range. Conclusions: The age-related expansion in white matter volume occurring in normal control subjects was absent in CD subjects. The findings suggest that in adults, cocaine dependence may arrest normal white matter maturation in the frontal and temporal lobes of addicts who continue using cocaine. (C) 2002 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Little Rock, AR USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NIDA, Med Dev Div, Rockville, MD USA. RP Bartzokis, G (reprint author), 710 Westwood Plaza,Room 2-238, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013 FU NIDA NIH HHS [1Y01 DA 50038]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH 51928] NR 50 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 BP 605 EP 611 AR PII S0006-3223(02)01315-X DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01315-X PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 540XN UT WOS:000174956300001 PM 11955460 ER PT J AU Yaffe, K Lui, LY Grady, D Stone, K Morin, P AF Yaffe, K Lui, LY Grady, D Stone, K Morin, P TI Estrogen receptor 1 polymorphisms and risk of cognitive impairment in older women SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE estrogen; cognition; elderly women; dementia; polymorphisms ID ALPHA GENE POLYMORPHISMS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; MESSENGER-RNA; ASSOCIATION; DECLINE; GENOTYPES; DEMENTIA AB Background: Several genes associated with sporadic Alzheimer's disease have been identified; however, approximately 50% of genetic factors remain unidentified. We investigated whether estrogen receptor I (ESR1) polymorphisms are associated with risk of developing cognitive impairment in older women. Methods: A total of 2625 women greater than or equal to 65 years of age completed a modified Mini-Mental Status Exam (mMMSE) at baseline and at 6-8 years of follow-up. We defined cognitive impairment as a mMMSE decline of greater than or equal to 3 points, follow-up score less than or equal to 20, or a history of physician-diagnosed dementia. The ESR1 polymorphisms, PvuII (P or p) and XbaI (X or x), were coded so that the capital letter signifies the absence of the restriction site. Results: Women with a p allele had a greater age, education, and baseline-score adjusted decline in mMMSE (for PP, Pp, and pp, respectively: .6 +/- .1, .8 +/- .1, and .9 +/- .1 points, p for trend = .01); women with at least one x allele also had greater score decline (XX, Xx, and xx: .7 +/- .1, .7 +/- .1, and .9 +/- .1 points, p for trend = .02). Six percent (n = 166) of the women developed cognitive impairment. Compared to those who did not develop impairment, more women who developed cognitive impairment had a p allele 62% vs. 56%, p = .03; adjusted odds ration (OR) = 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.72) or an x allele (70% vs. 64%, p = .03; adjusted OR = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.06-1.81). There was no interaction with current estrogen use, or with serum estradiol level and ESR1 polymorphisms (p > .10). Conclusions: Estrogen receptor I polymorphisms are associated with risk of developing cognitive impairment. More research is needed to determine the mechanism whereby ESR1 polymorphisms or linked genes influence cognitive function in older women. (C) 2002 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Axys Pharmaceut Inc, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Yaffe, K (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, Box 111G,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 05394, AG 05407, K23-AG 00888]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM 35584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR 35582, AR 35583] NR 31 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 8 BP 677 EP 682 AR PII S0006-3223(01)01289-6 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01289-6 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 540XN UT WOS:000174956300009 PM 11955468 ER PT J AU Basak, SK Harui, A Stolina, M Sharma, S Mitani, K Dubinett, SM Roth, MD AF Basak, SK Harui, A Stolina, M Sharma, S Mitani, K Dubinett, SM Roth, MD TI Increased dendritic cell number and function following continuous in vivo infusion of granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4 SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-4; HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; LIGAND-TREATED MICE; MOUSE BONE-MARROW; IN-VIVO; GM-CSF; FLT3 LIGAND; BLOOD MONOCYTES; CARCINOMA CELLS AB Dendritic cells (DCs) are rare antigen-presenting cells that play a central role in stimulating immune responses. The combination of recombinant granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (rGM-CSF) and recombinant interleukin-4 (rIL-4) provides an important stimulus for generating DCs from murine bone marrow precursors in vitro. Using miniature osmotic pumps, we now demonstrate that continuous infusion of these cytokines for 7 days had a similar effect in vivo, increasing the number and function of splenic DCs. Administration of rGM-CSF/rlL-4 (10 mug/d each) increased the concentration of CD11(+) DCs by 2.7-fold and the absolute number of splenic DCs by an average of 5.7-fold. DC number also increased in peripheral blood and lymph nodes. The resultant DCs exhibited a different phenotype and function than those in control mice or mice treated with rGM-CSF alone. rGM-CSF/IL-4 increased both the myeloid (CD11c(+)/CD11b(+)) and the lymphoid (CD11c(+)/CD8alpha(+)) subpopulations, whereas rGM-CSF increased only myeloid DCs. DCs were highly concentrated in the T-cell areas of white pulp after rGM-CSF/IL-4 administration, whereas they were diffusely distributed throughout white pulp, marginal zones, and red pulp in mice treated with rGM-CSF alone. rGM-CSF/rIL-4 also significantly increased the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and MHC class II on CD11c(+) cells and increased their capacity to take up antigens by macropinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis. Splenic DCs generated in response to rGM-CSF/rIL-4 were functionally immature in terms of allostimulatory activity, but this activity increased after short-term in vitro culture. Systemic treatment with rGM-CSF/rIL-4 enhanced the response to an adenoviral-based vaccine and led to antigen-specific retardation in the growth of established tumor. We conclude that systemic therapy with the combination of rGM-CSF/rIL-4 provides a new approach for generating DCs in vivo. (C) 2002 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Basak, SK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA85686, IP50 CA90388, CA16042]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI28697] NR 50 TC 43 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 99 IS 8 BP 2869 EP 2879 DI 10.1182/blood.V99.8.2869 PG 11 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 539JJ UT WOS:000174866500030 PM 11929777 ER PT J AU Nolin, TD Colaizzi, IV Palevsky, PM Matzke, GR Frye, RF AF Nolin, TD Colaizzi, IV Palevsky, PM Matzke, GR Frye, RF TI Rapid microtiter plate assay for determination of inulin in human plasma and dialysate SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE microtiter plate; spectrophotometry; colorimetric assay; inulin; hemodialysis ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; WATER PERMEABILITY; ENZYMATIC ANALYSIS; HEMODIALYSIS; SOLUTE AB A rapid, sensitive, and reproducible microtiter plate assay for the determination of inulin in human plasma, dialysate, and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was developed. Plasma or PBS samples (100 mul aliquots) were prepared by the addition of indole-3-acetic acid (150 muI) and HCl (3 ml) and then briefly vortex-mixed. Samples were then incubated in a 60 degreesC water bath for 20 min, cooled in a room temperature water bath for 40 min, then diluted with deionized, distilled water (DDW; 3 ml) and again vortex-mixed. Finally, an aliquot (200 mul) of each sample was transferred to a 96-well microtiter plate and read spectrophotometrically at 490 nm. Dialysate samples were processed in a similar manner, but required an initial enzymatic step in order to remove dextrose and minimize assay interference. Samples (100 mul aliquots) were prepared by the addition of glucose oxidase/catalase solution (100 mul), briefly vortex mixed, and then incubated in a 37 degreesC water bath for 60 min, samples were then reacted with indole-3-acetic acid as before. Calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 0.5-4 mg/ml or 0.025-0.4 mg/ml for plasma or PBS and dialysate, respectively; correlation coefficients (r(2)) were > 0.99. The intra and inter-day coefficients of variation in plasma, PBS, and dialysate were < 15%. This method is well suited for the rapid analysis of large numbers of samples and is currently being used for in vitro investigations of solute removal by hemodialysis. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Sch Pharm, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Renal Electrolyte Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RP Frye, RF (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Sch Pharm, 807 Salk Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. OI Palevsky, Paul/0000-0002-7334-5400; Frye, Reginald/0000-0002-1841-1401 NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0731-7085 J9 J PHARMACEUT BIOMED JI J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 28 IS 2 BP 209 EP 215 AR PII S0731-7085(01)00643-4 DI 10.1016/S0731-7085(01)00643-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 546DH UT WOS:000175256300003 PM 11929663 ER PT J AU Giray, N Castriotta, RJ Hirshkowitz, M Allen, T Swann, A AF Giray, N Castriotta, RJ Hirshkowitz, M Allen, T Swann, A TI Distinction between depression and vital exhaustion in sleep-disordered breathing SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Univ Texas, Sch Med, Houston, TX USA. RI Castriotta, Richard/B-1158-2009 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 25 SU S MA 546 BP A389 EP A390 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 540KB UT WOS:000174927200548 ER PT J AU Krystal, AD Perlis, ML McCall, WV Zammit, G Hirshkowitz, M AF Krystal, AD Perlis, ML McCall, WV Zammit, G Hirshkowitz, M TI Three-month non-nightly use of zolpidem for the treatment of primary insomnia SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Wake Forest, NC USA. St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, New York, NY USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RI Krystal, Andrew/J-7109-2013 OI Krystal, Andrew/0000-0002-6702-781X NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 25 SU S MA 092 BP A68 EP A68 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 540KB UT WOS:000174927200094 ER PT J AU Mitler, M Westbrook, P Levendowski, DJ Ensign, WY Olmstead, RE Berka, C Davis, G Lumicao, MN Cventovic, M Petrovic, MM AF Mitler, M Westbrook, P Levendowski, DJ Ensign, WY Olmstead, RE Berka, C Davis, G Lumicao, MN Cventovic, M Petrovic, MM TI Validation of automated EEG quantification of alertness: Methods for early identification of individuals most susceptible to sleep deprivation SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific Sleep Med Serv, La Jolla, CA USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles CA Healthcare Sys, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 25 SU S MA 196 BP A147 EP A148 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 540KB UT WOS:000174927200198 ER PT J AU Schmidt-Nowara, WW Haynes, JB Hirshkowitz, M AF Schmidt-Nowara, WW Haynes, JB Hirshkowitz, M CA Modafinil OSA Study Grp TI Modafinil improves quality of life in obstructive sleep apnea SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sleep Med Inst, Dallas, TX USA. St Thomas Hosp, Nashville, TN USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 25 SU S MA 653 BP A461 EP A461 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 540KB UT WOS:000174927200654 ER PT J AU Westbrook, P Berka, C Levendowski, DJ Lumicao, MN Davis, G Olmstead, RE Cventovic, M Petrovic, MM Zavora, TM AF Westbrook, P Berka, C Levendowski, DJ Lumicao, MN Davis, G Olmstead, RE Cventovic, M Petrovic, MM Zavora, TM TI Biobehavioral quantification of alertness and memory in patients with sleep apnea SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles CA Healthcare Sys, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 25 SU S MA 067 BP A49 EP A50 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 540KB UT WOS:000174927200069 ER PT J AU Xi, X McGinty, D Szymusiak, R AF Xi, X McGinty, D Szymusiak, R TI Activity of ventral periaqueductal gray neurons during warming of the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, North Hills, CA USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD APR 15 PY 2002 VL 25 SU S MA 176 BP A132 EP A133 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 540KB UT WOS:000174927200178 ER PT J AU Chalfant, CE Rathman, K Pinkerman, RL Wood, RE Obeid, LM Ogretmen, B Hannun, YA AF Chalfant, CE Rathman, K Pinkerman, RL Wood, RE Obeid, LM Ogretmen, B Hannun, YA TI De novo ceramide regulates the alternative splicing of caspase 9 and Bcl-x in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells - Dependence on protein phosphatase-1 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; INSULIN-INDUCIBLE CHANGES; RECEPTOR MESSENGER-RNA; KINASE C-BETA; SR PROTEINS; SPHINGOLIPID BIOSYNTHESIS; NEUTRAL SPHINGOMYELINASE; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; CELLULAR SENESCENCE; PHOSPHATIDIC-ACID AB Previous studies have demonstrated that several splice variants are derived from both the caspase 9 and Bcl-x genes in which the Bcl-x splice variant, Bcl-x(L) and the caspase 9 splice variant, caspase 9b, inhibit apoptosis in contrast to the pro-apoptotic splice variants, Bel-x(s) and caspase 9. In a recent study, we showed that ceramide induces the dephosphorylation of SR proteins, a family of protein factors that regulate alternative splicing. In this study, the regulation of the alternative processing of pre-mRNA of both caspase 9 and Bel-x(L) was examined in response to ceramide. Treatment of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells with cellpermeable ceramide, D-e-C, ceramide, down-regulated the levels of Bcl-x(L) and caspase 9b mRNA and immunoreactive protein with a concomitant increase in the mRNA and immunoreactive protein levels of Bcl-x(s) and caspase 9 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Pretreatment with calyculin A (5 nm), an inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) blocked ceramide-induced alternative splicing in contrast to okadaic acid (10 nm), a specific inhibitor of PP2A at this concentrations in cells, demonstrating a PP1-mediated mechanism. A role for endogenous ceramide in regulating the alternative splicing of caspase 9 and Bcl-x was demonstrated using the chemotherapeutic agent, gemcitabine. Treatment of A549 cells with gemcitabine (1 muM) increased ceramide levels 3-fold via the de novo sphingolipid pathway as determined by pulse labeling experiments and inhibition studies with myriocin (50 nm), a specific inhibitor of serine palmitoyltransferase (the first step in de novo synthesis of ceramide). Treatment of A549 cells with gemcitabine downregulated the levels of Bcl-x(L) and caspase 9b mRNA with a concomitant increase in the mRNA levels of Bcl-x(s) and caspase 9. Again, inhibitors of ceramide synthesis blocked this effect. We also demonstrate that the change in the alternative splicing of caspase 9 and Bcl-x occurred prior to apoptosis following treatment with gemcitabine. Furthermore, doses of D-e-C-6 ceramide that induce the alternative splicing of both caspase 9 and Bel-x-sensitized A549 cells to daunorubicin. These data demonstrate a role for protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and endogenous ceramide generated via the de novo pathway in regulating this mechanism. This is the first report on the dynamic regulation of RNA splicing of members of the Bcl-2 and caspase families in response to regulators of apoptosis. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Hannun, YA (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 173 Ashley Ave,POB 250509,Rm 501,Basic Sci Bldg, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI obeid, lina/0000-0002-0734-0847 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 87584]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 19953-02, GM 43825] NR 81 TC 221 Z9 236 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 12 PY 2002 VL 277 IS 15 BP 12587 EP 12595 DI 10.1074/jbc.M112010200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 542GZ UT WOS:000175036300015 PM 11801602 ER PT J AU Ogretmen, B Pettus, BJ Rossi, MJ Wood, R Usta, J Szulc, Z Bielawska, A Obeid, LM Hannun, YA AF Ogretmen, B Pettus, BJ Rossi, MJ Wood, R Usta, J Szulc, Z Bielawska, A Obeid, LM Hannun, YA TI Biochemical mechanisms of the generation of endogenous long chain ceramide in response to exogenous short chain ceramide the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line - Role for endogenous ceramide in mediating the action of exogenous ceramide SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; GOLGI-APPARATUS; SPHINGOLIPID BIOSYNTHESIS; NEUTRAL SPHINGOMYELINASE; DOWNSTREAM TARGET; CYCLE ARREST; BREFELDIN-A; DEATH; SYNTHASE AB Treatment of A549 cells with C-6-ceramide resulted in a significant increase in the endogenous long chain ceramide levels, which was inhibited by fumonisin B1 (FB1), and not by myriocin (MYR). The biochemical mechanisms of generation of endogenous ceramide were investigated using A549 cells treated with selectively labeled C-6-ceramides, [sphingosine-3-H-3]D-erythro-, and N-[N-hexanoyl-1-C-14]D-erythro-C-6-ceramide. The results demonstrated that 311 label was incorporated into newly synthesized long chain ceramides, which was inhibited by FB1 and not by MYR. Interestingly, the C-14 label was not incorporated into long chain ceramides. Taken together, these results show that generation of endogenous ceramide in response to C-6-ceramide is due to recycling of the sphingosine backbone of C-6-ceramide via deacylation/reacylation and not due to the elongation of its fatty acid moiety. Moreover, the generation of endogenous long chain ceramide in response to C-6-ceramide was completely blocked by brefeldin A, which causes Golgi disassembly, suggesting a role for the Golgi in the metabolism of ceramide. In addition, the generation of endogenous ceramide in response to short chain exogenous ceramide was induced by D-erythro- but not L-erythro-C-6-ceramide, demonstrating the stereospecificity of this process. Interestingly, several key downstream biological activities of ceramide, such as growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and modulation of telomerase activity were induced by D-erythro-C-6-ceramide, and not L-erythro-C6-ceramide (and inhibited by FB1) in A549 cells, suggesting a role for endogenous long chain ceramide in the regulation of these responses. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Biochem, Beirut, Lebanon. RP Ogretmen, B (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, POB 250779, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 87584]; NIA NIH HHS [AG 12467, AG 16583]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 48325] NR 45 TC 133 Z9 136 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 12 PY 2002 VL 277 IS 15 BP 12960 EP 12969 DI 10.1074/jbc.M110699200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 542GZ UT WOS:000175036300062 PM 11815611 ER PT J AU Mouria, M Gukovskaya, AS Jung, Y Buechler, P Hines, OJ Reber, HA Pandol, SJ AF Mouria, M Gukovskaya, AS Jung, Y Buechler, P Hines, OJ Reber, HA Pandol, SJ TI Food-derived polyphenols inhibit pancreatic cancer growth through mitochondrial cytochrome c release and apoptosis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE pancreatic carcinoma; apoptosis; quercetin; trans-resveratrol; genistein; rutin ID NF-KAPPA-B; LEUKEMIA HL-60 CELLS; PERMEABILITY TRANSITION; DOWN-REGULATION; PROTEIN-KINASE; RESVERATROL; INDUCTION; DEATH; ACTIVATION; QUERCETIN AB There is increasing evidence that food-derived polyphenols have a beneficial effect for cancers. Our purpose was to determine the effect and mechanism of action of these compounds on pancreatic cancer. We measured effects of quercetin on pancreatic cancer in a nude mouse model. We also investigated the effects of quercetin, rutin, trans-resveratrol and genistein on apoptosis and underlying signaling in pancreatic carcinoma cells in vitro. Quercetin decreased primary tumor growth, increased apoptosis and prevented metastasis in a model of pancreatic cancer. In vitro quercetin and trans-resveratrol, but not rutin, markedly enhanced apoptosis, causing mitochondrial depolarization and cytochrome c release followed by caspase-3 activation. In addition, the effect of a combination of quercetin and trans-resveratrol on mitochondrial cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activity was greater than the expected additive response. The inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition prevented cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation and apoptosis caused by polyphenols. Nuclear factor-kappaB activity was inhibited by quercetin and trans-resveratrol, but not genistein, indicating that this transcription factor is not the only mediator of the polyphenols' effects on apoptosis. The results suggest that food-derived polyphenols inhibit pancreatic cancer growth and prevent metastasis by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in cytochrome c release, caspase activation and apoptosis. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Gukovskaya, AS (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Bldg 258,Room 340,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 55 TC 184 Z9 201 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0020-7136 J9 INT J CANCER JI Int. J. Cancer PD APR 10 PY 2002 VL 98 IS 5 BP 761 EP 769 DI 10.1002/ijc.10202 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 531KC UT WOS:000174413700018 PM 11920648 ER PT J AU Karlawish, JHT Casarett, DA James, BD Propert, KJ Asch, DA AF Karlawish, JHT Casarett, DA James, BD Propert, KJ Asch, DA TI Do persons with dementia vote? SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISEASE AB To examine whether patients with dementia voted in the 2000 US dementia. A substantial portion of patients with mild to moderate dementia voted on their own at a voting booth. Patients cared for by spouses were more likely to vote than patients cared for by adult children. Further research is needed to understand how persons with dementia and their caregivers decide what activities the person can and cannot continue and how well these decisions correspond to measures of competency. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Div Geriatr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Inst Aging, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Karlawish, JHT (reprint author), 3615 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [K01-AG00931, P30-AG01024] NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD APR 9 PY 2002 VL 58 IS 7 BP 1100 EP 1102 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 539JC UT WOS:000174865900022 PM 11940701 ER PT J AU King, PH Petersen, NE Rakhra, R Schreiber, WE AF King, PH Petersen, NE Rakhra, R Schreiber, WE TI Porphyria presenting with bilateral radial motor neuropathy: Evidence of a novel gene mutation SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE INTERMITTENT PORPHYRIA; DIAGNOSIS AB The authors identified a novel mutation of the porphobilinogen deaminase (PBG-D) gene in a patient with acute intermittent porphyria presenting with severe and bilateral axonal radial motor neuropathy. Electrophysiologic studies revealed prominent involvement of distal radial nerves in the setting of mild polyneuropathy. Analysis of the PBG-D gene revealed a single base-pair insertion (887insA) in exon 14. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Neurol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Physiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Biophys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. Odense Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Biochem & Clin Genet, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark. Univ British Columbia, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Vancouver Hosp & Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Clin Chem, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP King, PH (reprint author), 625 S 19th St, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD APR 9 PY 2002 VL 58 IS 7 BP 1118 EP 1121 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 539JC UT WOS:000174865900028 PM 11940707 ER PT J AU Cueva, JG Haverkamp, S Reimer, RJ Edwards, R Wassle, H Brecha, NC AF Cueva, JG Haverkamp, S Reimer, RJ Edwards, R Wassle, H Brecha, NC TI Vesicular gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter expression in amacrine and horizontal cells SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE retina; synaptic vesicles; GABA transport; VGAT ID GABA-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY; MACAQUE MONKEY RETINA; GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE GAD; DEVELOPING RABBIT RETINA; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; OUTER PLEXIFORM LAYER; RAT RETINA; MAMMALIAN RETINA; CAT RETINA; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION AB The vesicular gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter (VGAT), which transports the inhibitory amino acid transmitters GABA and glycine, is localized to synaptic vesicles in axon terminals. The localization of VGAT immunoreactivity to mouse and rat retina was evaluated with light and electron microscopy by using well-characterized VGAT antibodies. Specific VGAT immunoreactivity was localized to numerous varicose processes in all laminae of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and to the outer plexiform layer (OPL). Amacrine cell somata characterized by weak VGAT immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm were located in the ganglion cell layer and proximal inner nuclear layer (IN-L) adjacent to the IPL. In rat retina, VGAT-immunoreactive cell bodies also contained GABA, glycine, or parvalbumin (PV) immunoreactivity, suggesting vesicular uptake of GABA or glycine by these cells. A few varicose VGAT-immunoreactive processes entered the OPL from the IPL. VGAT immunoreactivity in the OPL was predominantly localized to horizontal cell processes. VGAT and calcium binding protein-28K immunoreactivities (CaBP; a marker for horizontal cells) were colocalized in processes and terminals distributed to the OPL. Furthermore, VGAT immunoreactivity overlapped or was immediately adjacent to postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) immunoreactivity, which is prominent in photoreceptor terminals. Pre-embedding immunoelectron microscopy of mouse and rat retinae showed that VGAT immunoreactivity was localized to horizontal cell processes and their terminals. Immunoreactivity was distributed throughout the cytoplasm of the horizontal cell processes. Taken together, these findings demonstrate VGAT immunoreactivity in both amacrine and horizontal cell processes, suggesting these cells contain vesicles that accumulate GABA and glycine, possibly for vesicular release. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Max Planck Inst Hirnforsch, D-60528 Frankfurt, Germany. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healtcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Cueva, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Neurobiol, 10833 LeConte Ave Box 951763, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [T32 EY007026, R01 EY004067, EY04067, R01 EY004067-21S1, R01 EY004067-22, R56 EY004067, EY07026] NR 83 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9967 J9 J COMP NEUROL JI J. Comp. Neurol. PD APR 8 PY 2002 VL 445 IS 3 BP 227 EP 237 DI 10.1002/cne.10166 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Zoology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Zoology GA 527CF UT WOS:000174167600003 PM 11920703 ER PT J AU Steinman, MA AF Steinman, MA TI The costs of making practice more cost-effective SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, VA Natl Qual Scholars Program, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Steinman, MA (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, VA Natl Qual Scholars Program, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 3 PY 2002 VL 287 IS 13 BP 1648 EP 1648 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 536YW UT WOS:000174730300014 PM 11926884 ER PT J AU Corry, DB Joolhar, FS Hori, MT Tuck, ML AF Corry, DB Joolhar, FS Hori, MT Tuck, ML TI Decreased erythrocyte insulin binding in hypertensive subjects with hyperinsulinemia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE insulin receptor; insulin resistance; glucose; insulin; erythrocytes; essential hypertension; protein tyrosine kinase ID TYROSINE KINASE-ACTIVITY; RESISTANCE; RECEPTOR; DISEASE; ACTIVATION; GLUCOSE; OBESITY; SODIUM; SYSTEM AB Background: This study investigates erythrocyte insulin receptor binding and affinity in subjects with hypertension and hyperinsulinemia. Insulin receptor-binding function has not been extensively Studied in hypertensive subjects, Methods: Insulin receptor density, binding affinity, and protein tyrosine kinase activity were measured in erythrocytes from 18 hypertensive and 16 normotensive subjects. Insulin sensitivity was measured by the fasting plasma insulin/glucose ratio and the homeostatic assessment model algorithm (HOMA) index. Erythrocyte insulin binding was determined by a competitive binding assay and protein tyrosine kinase activity was measured by an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay technique. Results., Fasting plasma insulin/glucose ratio and the insulin resistance index (HOMA) were significantly higher C in the hypertensive versus normotensive subjects. Receptor saturation of the high affinity binding sites (Bmax) was reduced in the hypertensive versus control Subjects. The Kd values were lower in the erythrocytes from hypertensive than control subjects. Insulin-induced protein tyrosine kinase activity was decreased in erythrocytes from hypertensive versus control subjects. Conclusions: A reduced erythrocyte insulin receptor density and tyrosine protein kinase activity may reflect insulin receptor dysfunction in hypertensive individuals who have insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. More information is needed examining insulin receptor function in other target tissues such as fat or skeletal muscle cells before defects in the insulin receptor can be firmly proposed as a cause of the metabolic syndrome. (C) 2002 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd. C1 Olive View UCLA Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Sylmar, CA 91342 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Corry, DB (reprint author), Olive View UCLA Med Ctr, Div Nephrol & Hypertens, 14445 Olive View Dr, Sylmar, CA 91342 USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD APR PY 2002 VL 15 IS 4 BP 296 EP 301 AR PII S0895-7061(01)02336-6 DI 10.1016/S0895-7061(01)02336-6 PN 1 PG 6 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 543KP UT WOS:000175101400002 PM 11991213 ER PT J AU Egan, BM Lackland, DT Basile, JN AF Egan, BM Lackland, DT Basile, JN TI American society of hypertension regional chapters: Leveraging the impact of the clinical hypertension specialist in the local community SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE hypertension; high blood pressure; evidence-based guidelines; hypertension specialists ID ISOLATED SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; POPULATION; GUIDELINES; AWARENESS; MORTALITY; MORBIDITY; MEDICINE AB Hypertension control has remained at 24% to 27% for the past decade, despite revision of national treatment guidelines, expansion of therapeutic options, and evidence from clinical trials that higher control rates are attainable. Uncontrolled hypertension contributes to the enormous health and economic burden from cardiovascular and renal disease. The risk for hypertension-related complications is increasing in the United States as comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and congestive heart failure rise in a population that is becoming progressively older. more obese, and more ethnically diverse. Given regional variations in demographic characteristics and disease burdens, implementing evidence-based guidelines will be more effective if tailored appropriately to the local community. The Clinical Hypertension Specialist program is a positive response to an impending health care crisis. The impact of the Hypertension Specialist on blood pressure control can be leveraged by extending the academic mission of education, patient care, and health services research to the local community. The American Society of Hypertension regional chapter can serve as a forum for Clinical Hypertension Specialist,, from academic medicine and the community to define mutual goals, develop an action plan which is responsive to community needs, and monitor progress. With Support from the chapter, Clinical Hypertension Specialists in the community can have an impact on the practice of medicine locally by contributing to the education of primary care providers, receiving referrals of patients with complicated hypertension. monitoring progress in meeting evidence-based goals, providing feedback to peers, and participating, in multicenter trials. (C) 2002 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Clin Pharmacol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biometry & Epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. RP Egan, BM (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Clin Pharmacol, 96 Jonathan Lucas St,CSB 826H, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [P01HS1087]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL04290] NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD APR PY 2002 VL 15 IS 4 BP 372 EP 379 AR PII S0895-7061(01)02323-8 DI 10.1016/S0895-7061(01)02323-8 PN 1 PG 8 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 543KP UT WOS:000175101400015 PM 11991226 ER PT J AU Enoch, C Fried, L Palevsky, P AF Enoch, C Fried, L Palevsky, P TI Risk factors for dialysis PTFE graft loss. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2002 VL 39 IS 4 MA 20 BP A15 EP A15 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 538VD UT WOS:000174835000053 ER PT J AU Byrne, FR Farrell, CL Aranda, R Rex, KL Scully, S Brown, HL Flores, SA Gu, LH Danilenko, DM Lacey, DL Ziegler, TR Senaldi, G AF Byrne, FR Farrell, CL Aranda, R Rex, KL Scully, S Brown, HL Flores, SA Gu, LH Danilenko, DM Lacey, DL Ziegler, TR Senaldi, G TI RHuKGF ameliorates symptoms in DSS and CD4(+)CD45RB(Hi) T cell transfer mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE colitis; growth factor; epithelial repair; intestinal trefoil factor ID KERATINOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR; INTESTINAL BACTERIA; MURINE COLITIS; CROHNS-DISEASE; RAT MODEL; MICE; RECEPTOR; CHEMOTHERAPY; EXPRESSION; KGF AB There is an acute need for effective therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly at the level of repair of the damaged epithelium. We evaluated the efficacy of recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor (rHuKGF) in both the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and the CD4(+) CD45RB(Hi) T cell transfer models of IBD. Disease was induced either by the ad libitum administration to normal mice of 4% DSS in the drinking water or by the injection of 4 x 10 5 CD4(+) CD45RB(Hi) T cells into immunodeficient scid/scid mice. rHuKGF was administered by subcutaneous injection at doses of 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg in both preventative and therapeutic regimens during both studies. rHuKGF significantly improved survival and body weight loss in the DSS model in both preventative and therapeutic dosing regimens. It also improved diarrhea, hematochezia, and hematological parameters, as well as large intestine histopathology. In the T cell transfer model, rHuKGF improved body weight loss, diarrhea, and levels of serum amyloid A, as well as large intestine histopathology. In both models of IBD, the colonic levels of intestinal trefoil factor (ITF) were elevated by the disease state and further elevated by treatment with rHuKGF. These data suggest that rHuKGF may prove useful in the clinical management of IBD and its effects are likely mediated by its ability to locally increase the levels of ITF. C1 Amgen Inc, Dept Pharmacol & Pathol, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. Amgen Inc, Dept Prod Dev, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Greater Los Angeles Vet Affairs Hosp Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Byrne, FR (reprint author), Amgen Inc, Dept Pharmacol & Pathol, 1 Amgen Ctr Dr,Mail Stop 15-2-B, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. NR 50 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 282 IS 4 BP G690 EP G701 DI 10.1152/ajpgi.00314.2001 PG 12 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 531FJ UT WOS:000174405100014 PM 11897629 ER PT J AU Kane, JM Davis, JM Schooler, N Marder, S Casey, D Brauzer, B Mintz, J Conley, R AF Kane, JM Davis, JM Schooler, N Marder, S Casey, D Brauzer, B Mintz, J Conley, R TI A multidose study of haloperidol decanoate in the maintenance treatment of schizophrenia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID FLUPHENAZINE DECANOATE; THERAPY; RELAPSE; DRUGS AB Objective: Maintenance medication is critical in the prevention of psychotic relapse and rehospitalization among patients with schizophrenia. Given potential adverse effects, identification of the minimum effective dose is clinically important. Method: A multicenter, double-blind study was conducted to determine rates of symptomatic exacerbation and adverse effects in 105 outpatients with schizophrenia randomly assigned to four different fixed doses of haloperidol decanoate and treated for 1 year or until relapse. The doses used were 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg given intramuscularly once per month. Results: Rates of symptomatic exacerbation were 15%. in the 200-mg group, 23% with 100 mg, 25% with 50 mg, and 60% with 25 mg. No significant differences in outcome were found between the groups treated with 200, 100, and 50 mg. Among the patients who completed the trial with no symptomatic exacerbation, there were no differences between dose groups on measures of psychopathology at the final rating point. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the 200-mg/month dose of haloperidol decanoate is associated with the lowest rate of symptomatic exacerbation (15%) with minimal increased risk of adverse effects or subjective discomfort in comparison to 100 or 50 mg. At the same time, the rates of worsening with 100 mg (23%) and 50 mg (25%) were not significantly greater than that seen with 200 mg. These results provide some guidance as to effective dose ranges of haloperidol decanoate. C1 Hillside Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Glen Oaks, NY 11004 USA. Univ Illinois, Inst Psychiat, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ So Calif, Los Angeles Cty Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Psychiat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med,Jackson Mem Hosp, Miami VA Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Psychiat Outpatient Clin, Miami, FL USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychiat, Bridgeville, PA USA. Mayview State Hosp, Bridgeville, PA USA. RP Kane, JM (reprint author), Hillside Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Glen Oaks, NY 11004 USA. NR 27 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD APR PY 2002 VL 159 IS 4 BP 554 EP 560 DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.159.4.554 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 538DZ UT WOS:000174800000008 PM 11925292 ER PT J AU McDonald, JM Longnecker, DS Bell, RH AF McDonald, JM Longnecker, DS Bell, RH TI Effect of hypergastrinemia on pancreatic carcinogenesis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Surgery-of-the-Alimentary-Tract CY MAY 21-24, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Surg Alimentary Track DE pancreatic neoplasms; gastrin; receptors-cholecystokinin; rat ID OMEPRAZOLE-INDUCED HYPERGASTRINEMIA; CHOLECYSTOKININ-A RECEPTORS; PEPTIC-ULCER PATIENTS; CANCER CELL-LINES; RAT PANCREAS; DUODENOGASTRIC REFLUX; ANTRECTOMIZED RATS; ACID-SECRETION; TREATED RATS; B RECEPTORS AB Background: Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that pancreatic carcinomas in rodents express receptors for the peptide hormone gastrin that are not present in normal adult pancreas. In view of an abundant literature suggesting that gastrin may promote growth of various gastrointestinal tissues and tumors, the effect of hypergastrinemia on the process of pancreatic carcinogenesis was evaluated. Methods: Rats received subcutaneous injections of the pancreatic carcinogen azasetrine at 19 and 26 days of age. Starting at 12 months of age, animals were randomized to treatment with the proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole or vehicle by gavage for 6 months. At autopsy, pancreatic wet weight normalized to body weight was recorded, as well as the number of benign and malignant pancreatic lesions. Results: Serum gastrin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay and showed a greater than two-fold increase in lansoprazole-treated animals. Pancreatic wet weight in hypergastrinemic rats was increased compared to controls (p < 0.05). Premalignant lesions such as acidophilic atypical acinar cell foci, adenomas, heterogeneous phenotypic populations of nodules within nodules, and carcinoma-in-situ were not increased in the hypergastrinemic group. Likewise, there was no difference in the incidence of invasive carcinoma in hypergastrinemic animals (10%) compared to controls (5.7%). Conclusion: Hypergastrinemia stimulated an increase in pancreatic weight, but did not stimulate development of premalignant lesions or progression to cancer in the azaserine model of rat pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma. (C) 2002 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Dartmouth Coll Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. RP Bell, RH (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD APR PY 2002 VL 183 IS 4 BP 441 EP 444 AR PII S0002-9610(02)00820-6 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(02)00820-6 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 542TF UT WOS:000175059900018 PM 11975934 ER PT J AU Finegold, SM Molitoris, D Phan, VT Vaisanen, ML Wexler, HM AF Finegold, SM Molitoris, D Phan, VT Vaisanen, ML Wexler, HM TI Activity of ABT-773 against bowel flora organisms SO ANAEROBE LA English DT Article DE intestinal bacteria; ABT-773; ketolides ID IN-VITRO ACTIVITIES; ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA AB The antimicrobial activity of ABT-773, a new ketolide, was tested against 285 strains of anaerobic and 68 strains of aerobic or facultative bacteria of the human bowel flora and compared to that of ampicillin/sulbactam, clindamycin, levofloxacin, metronidazole, and penicillin G. The NCCLS standard Wadsworth two-fold agar dilution technique using Brucella-laked sheep blood agar was used throughout. ABT-773 inhibited 90% of the anaerobes and 66% of the non-anaerobes at 4 mg/L. Twenty-two percent of Bacteroides fragilis strains (9) and 9% of 59 other B. fragilis group species were resistant at a level of 4mg/L. Against anaerobes, the comparator drugs were similar in activity to ABT-773 except for ampicillin/sulbactam which was more active, metronidazole which was somewhat more active, and penicillin G which was much less active. Against the non-anaerobes, levofloxacin and ampicillin/sulbactam were significantly more active than ABT-773 and the other three comparator drugs. were much less active. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Infect Dis Sect 111F, WLA, W Los Angeles Div, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Immunol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Finegold, SM (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Infect Dis Sect 111F, WLA, W Los Angeles Div, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1075-9964 J9 ANAEROBE JI Anaerobe PD APR PY 2002 VL 8 IS 2 BP 49 EP 54 DI 10.1006/anae.2002.0416 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 591LK UT WOS:000177881500001 ER PT J AU Lambe, S Washington, DL Fink, A Herbst, K Liu, HH Fosse, JS Asch, SM AF Lambe, S Washington, DL Fink, A Herbst, K Liu, HH Fosse, JS Asch, SM TI Trends in the use and capacity of California's emergency departments, 1990-1999 SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CAL/ACEP Scientific Assembly CY JUN, 2001 CL SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA SP CAL, ACEP C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Helathcare Syst, Dept Med, Robert Wood Johnson Clin Scholars Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Gen Internal Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Herbst Med Geog, Haddam, CT USA. RP Lambe, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Emergency Med, Box 0208,505 Parnassus St, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 29 TC 105 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 39 IS 4 BP 389 EP 396 DI 10.1067/mem.2002.122433 PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 536JH UT WOS:000174696600005 PM 11919525 ER PT J AU Clark, JI Kuzel, TM Lestingi, TM Fisher, SG Sorokin, P Martone, B Viola, M Sosman, JA AF Clark, JI Kuzel, TM Lestingi, TM Fisher, SG Sorokin, P Martone, B Viola, M Sosman, JA TI A multi-institutional phase II trial of a novel inpatient schedule of continuous interleukin-2 with interferon alpha-2b in advanced renal cell carcinoma: major durable responses in a less highly selected patient population SO ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE decrescendo IL-2; interferon; kidney cancer; phase II ID RECOMBINANT HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-2; HIGH-DOSE INTERLEUKIN-2; SUBCUTANEOUS INTERLEUKIN-2; METASTATIC MELANOMA; ADVANCED CANCER; KILLER CELLS; THERAPY; COMBINATION; IMMUNOTHERAPY; ALFA-2A AB Background: A prospective multi-institutional phase 11 trial was undertaken to define the activity and toxicity of a unique decrescendo infusion of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in combination with interferon (IFN) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The identical regimen has shown promise in advanced melanoma. Patients and methods: Between February 1997 and March 1999. 47 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. from five institutions. A ere treated with outpatient s.c. IFN (10 mU/m(2)/day) on days 1-5. followed by inpatient IL-2 via continuous i.v. decrescendo infusion [18 million International Units (MIU) (1 mg)/m(2)/6 h, followed by 18 MIU/m(2)/12 h. then 18 MIU/m(2)/24 h and 4.5 MIU/m(2)/24 h for the following 3 days] on days 8-12. in a hospital ward without intensive care unit (ICU)-type monitoring. Treatment was repeated every 4 weeks. In contrast to high dose IL-2 protocols, patient eligibility did not require pulmonary function tests and allowed serum creatinine up to 2 mg/dl. Results: Among 44 eligible patients. 57% (25) had their primary in place, 57% (25) had bone or visceral involvement, and only 4% (2) had lung as their only site of disease. The overall response rate in 43 response-evaluable patients was 16.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 5.3 to 27.3]. with three complete responses and four partial responses observed. The median survival was 13 months nine patients remain alive at >23 months. The median duration of response is 36 months (range 11.5 to 48+ months), Toxicity was modest. consisting of typical cytokine-induced systemic symptoms and rare organ dysfunction. Severe grade 4 toxicity occurred in only 13% of the 130 cycles. Conclusions: This unique. reasonably well tolerated IL-2/IFN combination induced a modest response rate with a number of durable remissions. While the optimal IL-2-based regimen for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma remains elusive. the present regimen should attract considerable interest. This is based on tumor activity very similar to high dose IL-2 in a patient population not as carefully selected for optimal organ function. C1 Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Cardinal Bernardin Canc Ctr, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Chicago, IL USA. Lutheran Gen Hosp, Park Ridge, IL 60068 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. RP Clark, JI (reprint author), Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Cardinal Bernardin Canc Ctr, 2160 S 1st Ave, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0923-7534 J9 ANN ONCOL JI Ann. Oncol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 13 IS 4 BP 606 EP 613 DI 10.1093/annonc/mdf105 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 543NB UT WOS:000175107100023 PM 12056712 ER PT J AU Doyle, PJ AF Doyle, PJ TI 31st Clinical Aphasiology Conference - Preface SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP Doyle, PJ (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4-6 BP 381 EP 381 DI 10.1080/02687030244000419 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548UX UT WOS:000175409200001 ER PT J AU Haan, MN Jagust, WJ Galasko, D Kaye, J AF Haan, MN Jagust, WJ Galasko, D Kaye, J TI Effect of extrapyramidal signs and Lewy bodies on survival in patients with Alzheimer disease SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEMENTIA; CONSORTIUM; PREDICTORS; ESTABLISH; DIAGNOSIS; REGISTRY; BODY AB Background: Patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) who have psychiatric and parkinsonian symptoms experience faster cognitive deterioration and shorter survival vs those without such disease features. Extrapyramidal signs (EPSs) in particular have been associated with the presence of Lewy bodies (LBs) on autopsy and with poorer survival in patients with AD. Lewy bodies found at autopsy are not always correlated with EPSs during late life. Objective: To determine whether the association between LBs and age at death is modified by the presence of EPSs, hallucinations, or delusions. Design: An autopsy series of patients with clinically diagnosed AD. Settings: Three AD clinics (San Diego and Sacramento, Calif, and Portland, Ore). Patients: Data on 379 patients with a clinical diagnosis of AD who were initially assessed between May 1, 1984, and August 1, 1996, and who were autopsied between January 1, 1990, and April 1, 1998, were pooled from 3 AD centers. Main Outcome Measures: Presence of LBs on autopsy and differences in age at death in those with EPSs, LBs, or both. Results: Individuals with EPSs at initial assessment were more than 3 times as likely to have LBs at autopsy than were those without EPSs. Age at death was younger in those with LBs and EPSs than in those with LBs only and those without EPSs or LBs. Conclusions: The presence of EPSs in patients with AD indicates worse prognosis and may be related to underlying LBs. The presence of EPSs is a strong predictor of LBs. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Haan, MN (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, 109 S Observ St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. OI Kaye, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9971-3478 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05131, P30 AG010129] NR 14 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 59 IS 4 BP 588 EP 593 DI 10.1001/archneur.59.4.588 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 540KH UT WOS:000174927800011 PM 11939893 ER PT J AU Marquis, S Moore, MM Howieson, DB Sexton, G Payami, H Kaye, JA Camicioli, R AF Marquis, S Moore, MM Howieson, DB Sexton, G Payami, H Kaye, JA Camicioli, R TI Independent predictors of cognitive decline in healthy elderly persons SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TEMPORAL-LOBE ATROPHY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; OLDEST-OLD; HIPPOCAMPAL ATROPHY; PRECLINICAL PHASE; FRAMINGHAM COHORT; DEVELOP DEMENTIA; IMPAIRMENT; MEMORY; AGE AB Background: Several studies have shown that individually memory, hippocampal volume, and motor measures presage the onset of dementia. It is unclear if these independently contribute to the prediction of mild cognitive impairment. Objective: To determine the ability of memory, hippocampal volume, and a gait speed to independently predict cognitive decline in healthy elderly persons. Design: A prospective, longitudinal, observational cohort study with a mean follow-up of 6 years, Participants: One hundred eight optimally healthy elderly cognitively intact subjects. Main Outcome Measures: Any cognitive impairment noted on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (score=0.5) or persistent or progressive cognitive impairment. Cox modeling determined if time to onset of cognitive impairment was associated with baseline logical memory 11 test score (a measure of delayed recall), hippocampal volume (magnetic resonance imaging), or gait speed (time to walk 30 ft [9 m]) independent of age, sex, depression, or the allele producing the epsilon4 type of apolipoprotein E (APOE epsilon4). Results: Questionable dementia occurred in 48 participants in a mean (SD) of 3.7 (2.4) years. This progressed to persistent cognitive impairment in 38 of these participants in a mean (SD) of 4.4 (2.4) years. Logical memory II test performance and hippocampal volume each predicted onset of questionable dementia, independent of age and sex. Time to walk 30 ft additionally contributed independently to the prediction of time to onset of persistent cognitive impairment. Possessing the APOE epsilon4 allele and depression did not enter either model significantly. Conclusions. Models combining multiple risk factors should refine the prediction of questionable dementia and persistent cognitive impairment, harbingers of dementia. Individuals at risk for cognitive impairment may represent a high-risk group for intervention. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Med, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Camicioli, R (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Med Neurol, 2E3-08,8440 112th St, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada. OI Kaye, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9971-3478; Camicioli, Richard/0000-0003-2977-8660 FU NCRR NIH HHS [5M01RR0034]; NIA NIH HHS [AG08017] NR 47 TC 186 Z9 192 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 59 IS 4 BP 601 EP 606 DI 10.1001/archneur.59.4.601 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 540KH UT WOS:000174927800013 PM 11939895 ER PT J AU Wang, YH Knowlton, AA Li, FH Borkan, SC AF Wang, YH Knowlton, AA Li, FH Borkan, SC TI Hsp72 expression enhances survival in adenosine triphosphate-depleted renal epithelial cells SO CELL STRESS & CHAPERONES LA English DT Article ID SHOCK-PROTEIN HSP70; HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN-70 INHIBITS APOPTOSIS; HEAT-STRESS; NUCLEAR ACCUMULATION; ISCHEMIC-INJURY; CYTOCHROME-C; ACTIVATION; PROTECTION; PATHWAY; OVEREXPRESSION AB Although prior heat stress (HS) inhibits apoptosis in adenosine phosphate (ATP)-depleted renal epithelial cells (REC), the specific stress protein(s) responsible for cytoprotection have not been identified. The present study evaluated the hypothesis that Hsp72, the major inducible member of the Hsp70 family, protects REC against ATP depletion injury. In the presence of isopropyl-p-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG), a stable line of transfected opossum kidney cells was induced to overexpress human Hsp72 tagged with the flag epitope. Transfected cells from 2 clones that expressed Hsp72 at a level comparable with wild-type cells were subjected to transient heat stress (43degreesC for 1 hour). To assess the cytoprotective effect of Hsp72, transfected cells were subjected to transient ATIP depletion followed by recovery in the presence vs the absence of IPTG. ATP depletion resulted in nuclear chromatin condensation without cell membrane injury (ie, minimal leak of lactate dehydrogenase) and activation of caspase-3, confirming that apoptosis is the major cause of cell death. In both clones cell survival 1-3 days after ATP depletion was significantly improved in the presence of IPTG. Selective overexpression of Hsp72 reproduced nearly 60% of the protective effect on the survival afforded by prior heat stress. In transfected cells subjected to ATP depletion, Hsp72 overexpression significantly inhibited caspase activation. In native renal cells brief ATP depletion markedly induced the expression of native Hsp72, a finding identical to that observed after renal ischemia in vivo. These studies are the first to directly show that Hsp72 per se mediates acquired resistance to ischemic injury in REC. C1 Boston Univ, Renal Sect, Boston Med Ctr, Evans Biomed Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. Tufts New England Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA USA. Baylor Coll Med, Vet Adm Hosp, Cardiovasc Res Unit, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Borkan, SC (reprint author), Boston Univ, Renal Sect, Boston Med Ctr, Evans Biomed Res Ctr, Room 547,88 E Newton St, Boston, MA 02118 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-58515]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK053387, DK-53387] NR 46 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU CELL STRESS SOC INTERNATIONAL PI STORRS PA UNIV CONNECTICUT, DEPT M C B, 75 NORTH EAGLEVILLE RD, U-44, STORRS, CT 06269-3044 USA SN 1355-8145 J9 CELL STRESS CHAPERON JI Cell Stress Chaperones PD APR PY 2002 VL 7 IS 2 BP 137 EP 145 DI 10.1379/1466-1268(2002)007<0137:HEESIA>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 631XU UT WOS:000180194000003 PM 12380681 ER PT J AU Knuefermann, P Nemoto, S Baumgarten, G Misra, A Sivasubramanian, N Carabello, BA Vallejo, JG AF Knuefermann, P Nemoto, S Baumgarten, G Misra, A Sivasubramanian, N Carabello, BA Vallejo, JG TI Cardiac inflammation and innate immunity in septic shock - Is there a role for Toll-like receptors? SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE cytokines; innate immunity; myocardial dysfunction; septic shock; Toll-like receptors ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CELL WALL COMPONENTS; FACTOR-KAPPA-B; FACTOR-ALPHA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; MYOCARDIAL DEPRESSION; DROSOPHILA TOLL; SEPSIS SYNDROME; FUSION PROTEIN; CUTTING EDGE AB Our current understanding of the pathogenesis of sepsis suggests that bacteria as well as bacterial-derived products activate an uncontrolled network of host-derived mediators such as proinflammatory cytokines (ie, tumor necrosis factor [TNF] and interleukin [IL]-1beta), which can ultimately lead to cardiovascular collapse and death. Despite the potentially important role that TNF and IL-1beta may, play in producing cardiac dysfunction in human septic shock, little is known with regard to the basic biochemical mechanism(s) by which bacterial pathogens induce their expression in the heart. A major advance in understanding the early 7 events that are downstream from bacterial-mediated signaling has been the identification 4 Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLR-mediated signaling is known to activate the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB and to upregulate TNF expression. It has recently been shown that the heart expresses TLRs, raising the possibility that these receptors may be responsible for mediating the deleterious effects of bacterial pathogens on cardiac function. In this review, we will discuss the emerging role for TLRs in the pathogenesis of the cardiovascular collapse that occurs during sepsis. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Infect Dis Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX USA. RP Vallejo, JG (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Infect Dis Sect, 1 Plaza,Room 302A, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM6274-01] NR 66 TC 47 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD APR PY 2002 VL 121 IS 4 BP 1329 EP 1336 DI 10.1378/chest.121.4.1329 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 545PM UT WOS:000175226400049 PM 11948070 ER PT J AU Malik, SN Brattain, M Ghosh, PM Troyer, DA Prihoda, T Bedolla, R Kreisberg, JI AF Malik, SN Brattain, M Ghosh, PM Troyer, DA Prihoda, T Bedolla, R Kreisberg, JI TI Immunohistochemical demonstration of phospho-Akt in high Gleason grade prostate cancer SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE-B; PROGRESSION; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION AB Purpose: Whereas the early stage of prostate cancer is marked by excessive proliferation, in advanced stages of the disease, a decreased apoptotic death rate (increased cell survival) also contributes to net tumor growth. Altered regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)regulated cell proliferation and Akt-regulated cell survival pathways are suspected causes. In this study, we wanted to determine: (a) whether the degree of Akt activation can be assessed by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded human prostate cancer biopsies with an antibody to phospho-Akt (Ser473); and (b) whether phospho-MAPK/Erk1/2 and phospho-Akt expression are altered in prostate cancer. Experimental design: To examine the activation status of MAPK/Erk1/2 and Akt, archival paraffin-embedded sections from 74 cases of resected prostate cancer were immunostained with antibodies to phospho-MAPK/Erk1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) and phospho-Akt (Ser473). Results: The staining intensity for phospho-Akt was significantly greater in Gleason grades 8-10 (92% of such cases staining strongly) compared with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and all other grades of prostate cancer (only 10% of these cases staining strongly; P less than or equal to 0.001). The staining intensity for phospho-MAPK/Erk, on the other hand, was significantly greater for normal, hyperplastic, and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesions but declined with disease progression, reaching its lowest level of expression in high Gleason grades 8-10 (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The activation state of the cell survival protein Akt can be analyzed in human prostate cancer by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded tissue with a phospho-specific Akt (Ser473) antibody. Advanced disease is accompanied by activation of Akt and inactivation of Erk. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Kreisberg, JI (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 13 TC 247 Z9 265 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD APR PY 2002 VL 8 IS 4 BP 1168 EP 1171 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 540TU UT WOS:000174946200035 PM 11948129 ER PT J AU Metlay, JP AF Metlay, JP TI Update on community-acquired pneumonia: impact of antibiotic resistance on clinical outcomes SO CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA; ERA; BACTEREMIA AB In contrast to the rapid expansion in the number of published studies reporting the increasing rate of antimicrobial drug resistance among common respiratory pathogens, there remain few controlled studies examining the impact of these trends on clinical outcomes. Those studies that are published are hampered by small sample sizes, biases inherent in observational designs, and the relative infrequency of isolates showing high-level resistance, particularly high-level beta-lactam resistance among clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. This update summarizes recent published studies addressing the impact of drug resistance on outcomes for lower respiratory tract infections. The majority of these studies are retrospective cohort studies, focusing on the impact of beta-lactam-resistant pneumococcal infections in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. These studies support the conclusion that current levels of pneumococcal drug resistance do not result in clinical treatment failures for patients with community-acquired pneumonia. However, as patterns of drug resistance evolve, future studies will be needed to address the continued appropriateness of current empirical treatment guidelines for these patients. Curr Opin Infect Dis 15: 163-167. (C) 2002 Lippincott Williams Wilkins. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Metlay, JP (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 712 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 16 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0951-7375 J9 CURR OPIN INFECT DIS JI Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2002 VL 15 IS 2 BP 163 EP 167 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 535CK UT WOS:000174627500011 PM 11964918 ER PT J AU Franceschi, F Armuzzi, A Cremonini, F Carloni, E Zocco, MA Di Caro, S Padalino, C Genta, RM Pola, P Gasbarrini, G Gasbarrini, A AF Franceschi, F Armuzzi, A Cremonini, F Carloni, E Zocco, MA Di Caro, S Padalino, C Genta, RM Pola, P Gasbarrini, G Gasbarrini, A TI delta(CO2)-C-13 excretion and expression of dyspeptic symptoms in patients evaluated for Helicobacter pylori infection by [C-13] urea breath test SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Helicobacter pylori; urea breath test; dyspepsia ID TERM FOLLOW-UP; NONULCER DYSPEPSIA; ERADICATION AB Previous studies showed that either the urease activity possessed by H. pylori and the bacterial load may influence the results of the [C-13] urea breath test. However, the correlation between urease activity and dyspepsia is unclear. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the urease activity of the gastroduodenal tract may influence the severity of dyspeptic symptoms. In all, 2520 dyspeptic patients (1109 men, 1411 women; mean age 47 +/- 16 years) without gastroesophageal reflux disease, diabetes, vascular disorders, liver and biliary tract diseases, and tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and with a normal appearing abdominal ultrasonography were enrolled. All these patients underwent a [ 13C] urea breath test and filled out a questionnaire on dyspeptic symptoms. Subjects were divided in five different groups according to delta over baseline (DOB) values (group 1 < 3.5, group 2 = 3.5-6; group 3 = 6.1-11, group 4 = 11.1-23, group 5 > 23.1). The prevalence and intensity of dyspeptic symptoms were compared among groups. In all, 1688 patients (67%, 928 females and 760 males; mean age 48 +/- 15 years) were H. pylori-positive. The chi-squared test and analysis of variance showed increase of frequency and intensity of each dyspeptic symptom according to DOB values. In conclusion, Dyspepsia may parallel gastric urease activity. However, whether higher DOB values are related to higher bacterial load or, alternatively, to the presence of particular H. pylori strains able to produce larger amounts of urease is uncertain. C1 Univ Sacred Heart, Policlin Gemelli, Ist Patol Med, Dept Internal Med, I-00168 Rome, Italy. Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Gasbarrini, A (reprint author), Univ Sacred Heart, Policlin Gemelli, Ist Patol Med, Dept Internal Med, Largo A Gemelli 8, I-00168 Rome, Italy. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD APR PY 2002 VL 47 IS 4 BP 804 EP 808 AR UNSP 0163-02/0400-0804/0 DI 10.1023/A:1014700319068 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 545QC UT WOS:000175227900022 PM 11991614 ER PT J AU Royall, DR Palmer, R Mulroy, AR Polk, MJ AF Royall, DR Palmer, R Mulroy, AR Polk, MJ TI Pathological determinants of the transition to clinical dementia in Alzheimer's disease SO EXPERIMENTAL AGING RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; FRONTAL-SUBCORTICAL CIRCUITS; POSTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; MULTIPLE IMPUTATION; FUNCTIONAL ROLES; EPISODIC MEMORY; SENILE DEMENTIA; NEURONAL LOSS AB The authors developed multivariate models to examine the association between Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale scores and the spatial distribution of paired helical filament tau (PHF-tau) pathology. Severity of tauopathy was examined in 14 cortical regions of interest (ROIs). Classification trees were used to test the independent hierarchical contributions of each ROI to dementia. Multiple-regression and cluster analyses were performed to determine the relative contributions of select ROIs to dementia. Dementia (CDR greater than or equal to 1) was modeled as a dichotomous variable. Autopsy material was obtained from 124 demented and nondemented elderly patients. All ROIs except the hippocampus made significant contributions to dementia. However, they were not independent. In multivariate models, only a single step (Step 7 in a hierarchical progression), which contained four ROIs, contributed significantly to dementia. A classification tree resulted in a single decision split, suggesting that only Step 7 ROIs need be considered. A total of 89.4% of the cases were correctly classified (p < .0001). Twelve discrepant cases all had superimposed vasculopathy that might also have affected the function of Step 7 ROIs. The transition to clinical dementia was associated with the presence of tauopathy in A9/10, A22, A23, and A39. Animal studies suggest that these represent a single distributed cortical network focusing on prefrontal regions that provide "executive control'' over complex goal-directed behaviors. A22, A23, and A39 provide major afferents to other frontal systems and have previously been implicated in very early clinical Alzheimer's disease. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie L Murphy Div GRECC, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie L Murphy Div GRECC, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie L Murphy Div GRECC, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family Practice, San Antonio, TX USA. Emile Roux Hosp, Limeil Brevannes, France. Unite INSERM Serv Neurol, Lille, France. RP Royall, DR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 73 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0361-073X J9 EXP AGING RES JI Exp. Aging Res. PD APR-JUN PY 2002 VL 28 IS 2 BP 143 EP 162 DI 10.1080/03610730252800166 PG 20 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychology GA 525ZW UT WOS:000174104800002 PM 11928525 ER PT J AU Huang, WB Rudkin, GH Carlsen, B Ishida, K Ghasri, P Anvar, B Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA AF Huang, WB Rudkin, GH Carlsen, B Ishida, K Ghasri, P Anvar, B Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA TI Overexpression of BMP-2 modulates morphology, growth, and gene expression in osteoblastic cells SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE BMP-2; overexpression; osteoblast; differentiation; gene expression ID BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2; GAP JUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION; TGF-BETA SUPERFAMILY; OSTEOGENIC PROTEIN-1; MC3T3-E1 CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION; C3H10T1/2; PROLIFERATION; PHENOTYPE; FRACTURE AB Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) play a pivotal role in growth and differentiation of osteoblastic lineage cells. BMPs are potent stimulators of bone formation in various animal models. To understand the mechanism of BMP action in bone cells, we have investigated the effects of overexpression of the BMP-2 gene on proliferation and differentiation of UMR-106 rat osteosarcoma cells. A stable AR-106 cell line overexpressing the BMP-2 gene was established by transfection of cells using a mammalian expression vector harboring human BMP-2 cDNA followed by 6418 selection. After introduction of the BMP-2 gene, UMR-106 cells appeared more spindle-shaped in morphology compared to the predominantly cuboidal appearance of the parental cells. Overexpression of BMP-2 markedly inhibited proliferation as measured by cell counting and [3H] thymidine incorporation assays. Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from cells overexpressing BMP-2 exhibited a less supportive effect on proliferation of UMR cells than did ECM derived from parental cells. Furthermore, cell-cell communication through gap junctions was reduced more than 50% as determined by nondisruptive fluorescent dye transfer assays. Overexpression of BMP-2 significantly stimulated expression of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase genes, indicating its role in osteoblastic differentiation. There was little effect on osteopontin gene expression. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). C1 Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, GRECC, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. VA GLAHS, Plast Surg Lab, W LA, Plast Surg Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Miller, TA (reprint author), VA GLAHS, Plast Surg Lab, W LA, Plast Surg Sect, Room 221,Bldg 114,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 35 TC 32 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD APR 1 PY 2002 VL 274 IS 2 BP 226 EP 234 DI 10.1006/excr.2002.5483 PG 9 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA 537ZJ UT WOS:000174789300007 PM 11900483 ER PT J AU Ishida, A Zeng, HQ Ogawa, M AF Ishida, A Zeng, HQ Ogawa, M TI Expression of lineage markers by CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells of adult mice SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VERSUS-HOST DISEASE; BONE-MARROW; LONG-TERM; CD34(+)THY-1(+)LIN(-) CELLS; FETAL LIVER; PROGENITORS; CD4; GENERATION; DEPLETION; GRAFT AB Objective. By using a murine transplantation model, we studied the relationship between CD34 expression and expression of CD4 and Mac-1 by hematopoietic stem cells of normal adult mice. Materials and Methods. Cells from Ly-5.1 C57BL/6 mice were used as test cells and lethally irradiated Ly-5.2 mice were used as recipient mice. Peripheral blood was obtained 6 months posttransplantation to analyze engraftment of donor-derived cells. Results. First, we determined that CD34(-) long-term reconstituting cells are CD4(-), while some CD34(+) stem cells express CD4. We then studied Mac-1 expression. Mac-1(-) and MaC-1(-low) populations of both CD34(-) and CD34(+) cells were capable of long-term reconstitution. Mac-1-(high) population of CD34(+) cells but not of CD34- cells also engrafted. Conclusions. These results strongly indicate that depletion of Mae-(1+) and CD4 cells in stem cell purification may inadvertently discard significant populations of CD34' stem cells. Since positive selection based on CD34 expression is the current practice for purification of human stem cells, our studies may possess implications in the purification of human hematopoietic stem cells. (C) 2002 International Society for Experimental Hematology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Ogawa, M (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA 78582]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK 54197] NR 23 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 30 IS 4 BP 361 EP 365 AR PII S0301-472X(01)00795-0 DI 10.1016/S0301-472X(01)00795-0 PG 5 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 537FW UT WOS:000174749100011 PM 11937272 ER PT J AU Gukovskaya, AS Vaquero, E Zaninovic, V Gorelick, FS Lusis, AJ Brennan, ML Holland, S Pandol, SJ AF Gukovskaya, AS Vaquero, E Zaninovic, V Gorelick, FS Lusis, AJ Brennan, ML Holland, S Pandol, SJ TI Neutrophils and NADPH oxidase mediate intrapancreatic trypsin activation in murine experimental acute pancreatitis SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; ACINAR-CELLS; OXYGEN RADICALS; RESPIRATORY BURST; CERULEIN; RATS; PATHOGENESIS; CHOLECYSTOKININ; CATALASE AB Background & Aims: Intrapancreatic activation of digestive enzymes is a key event in the parenchymal cell injury of pancreatitis. We hypothesized that neutrophils recruited to the pancreas during pancreatitis may contribute to such activation. Methods: To cause experimental pancreatitis, rats and mice were treated with high doses of cerulein. Activation of the digestive enzyme, trypsin, was measured in pancreatic homogenates using a fluorogenic assay and localized immunocytochemically with antibody to trypsin-activation peptide (TAP). Results: Compared with controls, rats depleted of neutrophils with antineutrophil serum exhibited a marked attenuation in intrapancreatic trypsin activation and acinar cell TAP labeling induced by high-dose cerulein. To examine the mechanism, mice deficient in either nicontinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, or myeloperoxidase (MPO) were studied for trypsin activation. Mice deficient in NADPH oxidase exhibited attenuation of the cerulein-induced trypsin activation, but those deficient in MPO did not. Using measurements of Western blot analysis, generation of reactive oxygen species, and immunocytochemistry, we demonstrated the NADPH oxidase activity is in neutrophils and not pancreatic acinar tissue. Conclusions: The results demonstrate a novel role for neutrophils infiltrating the pancreas in pathologic activation of digestive enzymes in acute pancreatitis and indicate that this effect is mediated by products of NADPH oxidase. C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. Vet Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, West Haven, CT USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Dept Human Genet, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Gukovskaya, AS (reprint author), Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Blsg 258,Room 340,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM agukovsk@ucla.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL30568]; NIAAA NIH HHS [P50 AA11999] NR 57 TC 136 Z9 141 U1 1 U2 8 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2002 VL 122 IS 4 BP 974 EP 984 DI 10.1053/gast.2002.32409 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 534ZA UT WOS:000174618600019 PM 11910350 ER PT J AU Fan, VS Au, D Heagerty, P Deyo, RA McDonell, MB Fihn, SD AF Fan, VS Au, D Heagerty, P Deyo, RA McDonell, MB Fihn, SD TI Validation of case-mix measures derived from self-reports of diagnoses and health SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE co-morbidity; questionnaires; quality of life; confounding factors; ROC curve; proportional hazards model ID BREAST-CANCER PATIENTS; RISK-ADJUSTMENT; COMORBIDITY INDEX; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; VETERANS HEALTH; CHRONIC DISEASE; OUTCOMES; MORTALITY; HOSPITALS; SURVIVAL AB Self-reported chronic diseases and health status are associated with resource use. However, few data exist regarding their ability to predict mortality or hospitalizations, We sought to determine whether self-reported chronic medical conditions and the SF-36 could be used individually or in combination to assess co-morbidity in the outpatient setting. The study was designed as a prospective cohort study. Patients were enrolled in the primary care clinics at seven Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers participating in the Ambulatory Care Quality Improvement Project (ACQUIP). 10,947 patients, greater than or equal to 50 years of age, enrolled in general internal medicine clinics who returned both a baseline health inventory checklist and the baseline SF-36 who were followed for a mean of 722.5 (+/-84.3) days. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, with a secondary outcome of hospitalization within the VA system. Using a Cox proportional hazards model in a development set of 5,469 patients, a co-morbidity index [Seattle Index of Co-morbidity (SIC)] was constructed using information about age, smoking status and seven of 25 self-reported medical conditions that were associated with increased mortality. In the validation set of 5,478 patients, the SIC was predictive of both mortality and hospitalizations within the VA system. A separate model was constructed in which only age and the PCS and MCS scores of the SF-36 were entered to predict mortality. The SF-36 component scores and the SIC had comparable discriminatory ability (AUC for discrimination of death within 2 y 0.71 for both models), When combined, the SIC and SF-36 together had improved discrimination for mortality (AUC = 0.74, p-value for difference in AUC < 0.005). A new outpatient co-morbidity score developed using self-identified chronic medical conditions on a baseline health inventory checklist was predictive of 2-y mortality and hospitalization within the VA system in general internal medicine patients. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA USA. RP Fan, VS (reprint author), Hlth Serv Res & Dev 152, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 37 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 3 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 55 IS 4 BP 371 EP 380 AR PII S0895-4356(01)00493-0 DI 10.1016/S0895-4356(01)00493-0 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 533ET UT WOS:000174517000008 PM 11927205 ER PT J AU Huang, M Sharma, S Zhu, LX Keane, MP Luo, J Zhang, L Burdick, MD Lin, YQ Dohadwala, M Gardner, B Batra, RK Strieter, RM Dubinett, SM AF Huang, M Sharma, S Zhu, LX Keane, MP Luo, J Zhang, L Burdick, MD Lin, YQ Dohadwala, M Gardner, B Batra, RK Strieter, RM Dubinett, SM TI IL-7 inhibits fibroblast TGF-beta production and signaling in pulmonary fibrosis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; INDUCED LUNG FIBROSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; DOWN-REGULATION; CELL-PROLIFERATION; IFN-GAMMA; BLEOMYCIN; INTERLEUKIN-7; COLLAGEN; ACTIVATION AB Based on studies by our group and others, we hypothesized that IL-7 may possess antifibrotic activities in an IFN-gamma-dependent and independent manner. Here, we have evaluated the antifibrotic therapeutic potential of IL-7 in both in vitro and in vivo pulmonary fibrosis models. IL-7 inhibited both TGF-beta production and signaling in fibroblasts and required an intact JAK1/STAT1 signal transduction pathway. IL-7-mediated inhibition of TGF-beta signaling was found to be associated with an increase in Smad7, a major inhibitory regulator in the SMAD family. In the presence of IL-7, Smad7 dominant negative fibroblasts restored TGF-beta-induced collagen synthesis, indicating that an IL-7-mediated increase in Smad7 suppressed TGF-beta signaling. Consistent with these in vitro findings, recombinant IL-7 decreased bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo, independent of IFN-gamma. The antifibrotic activities of IL-7 merit further basic and clinical investigation for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Dubinett, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, 37-131 CHS,10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P50 CA-90388, P50 CA090388, R01 CA-085686, R01 CA-78564, R01 CA078654, R01 CA085686]; NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL-03906, P01 HL-67665, P01 HL067665] NR 46 TC 94 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD APR PY 2002 VL 109 IS 7 BP 931 EP 937 DI 10.1172/JCI14685 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 537KG UT WOS:000174757300011 PM 11927620 ER PT J AU Wirshing, DA Pierre, JM Wirshing, WC AF Wirshing, DA Pierre, JM Wirshing, WC TI Sleep apnea associated with antipsychotic-induced obesity SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter ID SCHIZOPHRENIA; DISORDERS C1 Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. RP Wirshing, DA (reprint author), Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. NR 8 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD APR PY 2002 VL 63 IS 4 BP 369 EP 370 PG 2 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 541ZM UT WOS:000175017500020 PM 12000215 ER PT J AU Dhopesh, V Yu, E Fudala, PJ AF Dhopesh, V Yu, E Fudala, PJ TI Conservative management with naltrexone of an iatrogenic methadone overdose in an opiate-naive patient SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID MAINTENANCE; TOXICITY; PLASMA C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Behav Hlth Serv 116 7W, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Dhopesh, V (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Behav Hlth Serv 116 7W, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-0749 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 22 IS 2 BP 231 EP 232 DI 10.1097/00004714-200204000-00024 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 538HB UT WOS:000174808400024 PM 11910276 ER PT J AU Alterman, AI Cacciola, JS Mulvaney, FD Rutherford, MJ Langenbucher, J AF Alterman, AI Cacciola, JS Mulvaney, FD Rutherford, MJ Langenbucher, J TI Alcohol dependence and abuse in three groups at varying familial alcoholism risk SO JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DSM-IV; UNITED-STATES; USE DISORDERS; MEN; PREVALENCE AB Three groups of young men varying in familial alcoholism risk were compared for lifetime and current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) diagnoses. A withdrawal gate diagnostic model (WGM) requiring withdrawal for a dependence diagnosis was also evaluated. Extremely high lifetime DSM-IV diagnostic rates were found for all groups (greater than or equal to78%), with the highest rate in the highest risk group. Similar group differences obtained for individual criteria or symptoms. Although lifetime diagnostic rates were similar for the WGM and DSM-IV, virtually all cases of dependence were preceded by abuse for the WGM, unlike DSM-IV. The findings underline the importance of distinguishing degrees of familial alcoholism risk. The WGM model temporal onset findings versus DSM-IV and the high lifetime diagnostic rates obtained suggest some limitations of the DSM-IV diagnoses. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Alcohol Studies, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. RP Alterman, AI (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-006X J9 J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH JI J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 70 IS 2 BP 336 EP 343 DI 10.1037//0022-006X.70.2.336 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 538FT UT WOS:000174805100007 PM 11952191 ER PT J AU Fultz, SL Arnold, RM AF Fultz, SL Arnold, RM TI Safe reproduction in an HIV discordant couple. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot,Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Sect Palliat Care & Med Human, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 40 EP 40 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200065 ER PT J AU Hippen, BE Lu, LB AF Hippen, BE Lu, LB TI Large B-cell lymphoma presenting as large cutaneous occipital mass. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 46 EP 46 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200092 ER PT J AU Mcassey, JM Hayes, P AF Mcassey, JM Hayes, P TI Chronic pelvic pain and a history of sexual abuse ... Is there an association? SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 57 EP 57 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200146 ER PT J AU Haidet, P Richards, B Hunt, D Seidel, C Schneider, V Coverdale, J Moran, B AF Haidet, P Richards, B Hunt, D Seidel, C Schneider, V Coverdale, J Moran, B TI Team Learning: An effective new method of large-group teaching for medical educators. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VAMC, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 94 EP 94 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200314 ER PT J AU Lawrence, VA Silverstein, JH Cornell, JE Carson, JL AF Lawrence, VA Silverstein, JH Cornell, JE Carson, JL TI Simple interventions may improve functional recovery after hip fracture repair. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 114 EP 115 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200402 ER PT J AU Lawrence, VA Hazuda, HP Cornell, JE Mulrow, CD AF Lawrence, VA Hazuda, HP Cornell, JE Mulrow, CD TI Functional health recovery after major abdominal surgery in elders. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 114 EP 114 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200401 ER PT J AU Natarajan, S Liao, Y Sinha, D Cao, G Lipsitz, SR Mcgee, D AF Natarajan, S Liao, Y Sinha, D Cao, G Lipsitz, SR Mcgee, D TI Gender differences in the effect of longstanding diabetes on cardiovascular mortality. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VAMC, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 117 EP 117 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200413 ER PT J AU Good, CB Brucker, N Bhattacharya, R Mangione, MP AF Good, CB Brucker, N Bhattacharya, R Mangione, MP TI Gabapentin: Is it being used appropriately? SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200447 ER PT J AU Nelson, K Reiber, G Boyko, EJ AF Nelson, K Reiber, G Boyko, EJ TI Diet and exercise among adults with type 2 diabetes - Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 129 EP 129 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200472 ER PT J AU O'Rorke, JE Pugh, JA AF O'Rorke, JE Pugh, JA TI Musculoskeletal medicine and the practicing internist. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 129 EP 129 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200473 ER PT J AU Allen, E Nicolaidis, CM Helfand, M AF Allen, E Nicolaidis, CM Helfand, M TI The diagnostic evaluation of rectal bleeding: A cost-effectiveness analysis comparing four evaluation strategies. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 135 EP 135 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200501 ER PT J AU Stern, L Iqbal, N Chicano, K Daily, D Mcgrory, J Williams, T Samaha, FF AF Stern, L Iqbal, N Chicano, K Daily, D Mcgrory, J Williams, T Samaha, FF TI The VA low carbohydrate intervention diet (VALID) study. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Hosp Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 147 EP 148 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200559 ER PT J AU Stern, L Iqbal, N Chicano, K Daily, D Mcgrory, J Williams, T Williams, M Samaha, FF AF Stern, L Iqbal, N Chicano, K Daily, D Mcgrory, J Williams, T Williams, M Samaha, FF TI Diet composition in the VA low carbohydrate intervention diet (VALID) study. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 148 EP 148 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200560 ER PT J AU Gordon, AJ Conigliaro, J Mcginnis, KA Rabeneck, L Justice, AC AF Gordon, AJ Conigliaro, J Mcginnis, KA Rabeneck, L Justice, AC TI Substance use and homelessness among veterans with HIV. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Eq Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 158 EP 159 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200612 ER PT J AU Long, JA AF Long, JA TI Neighborhood, race, and health in Southwestern Pennsylvania. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 163 EP 163 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200633 ER PT J AU Petersen, LA Wright, S Peterson, E Daley, J AF Petersen, LA Wright, S Peterson, E Daley, J TI Impact of race on process of care and outcome in veterans with acute myocardial infarction. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VAMC, Houston, TX USA. Boston VAMC, Boston, MA USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Harvard Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 166 EP 166 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200647 ER PT J AU Woodard, LD Kressin, NR Petersen, LA AF Woodard, LD Kressin, NR Petersen, LA TI Racial disparities in cholesterol monitoring and treatment for secondary prevention. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VAMC, Houston, TX USA. Boston Univ, Bedford, MA USA. Bedford VAMC, Bedford, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 170 EP 170 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200664 ER PT J AU Yano, E Goldzweig, C Washington, D Caffrey, C Altman, L Simon, B Canelo, I AF Yano, E Goldzweig, C Washington, D Caffrey, C Altman, L Simon, B Canelo, I TI Practice structure of women's health care services in VA medical centers. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles HSR&D Ctr Excellence, Sepulveda, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 170 EP 170 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200666 ER PT J AU Crane, PK Arterburn, DE AF Crane, PK Arterburn, DE TI The coming epidemic of obesity in elderly Americans. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RI Crane, Paul/C-8623-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 177 EP 177 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200700 ER PT J AU Bridevaux, PO Au, DH Fan, V Mcdonell, M Fihn, SD AF Bridevaux, PO Au, DH Fan, V Mcdonell, M Fihn, SD TI Adherence to guidelines regarding pulmonary function test in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, HSR&D, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 185 EP 185 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200736 ER PT J AU Conigliaro, J Mcginnis, K Gordon, A Rabeneck, L Briggs, J Justice, AC AF Conigliaro, J Mcginnis, K Gordon, A Rabeneck, L Briggs, J Justice, AC TI Do providers recognize problem drinking in their HIV plus patients? SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VAMC, Cleveland, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 187 EP 187 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200745 ER PT J AU Fihn, SD Burman, M Mcdonell, MB Henikoff, J AF Fihn, SD Burman, M Mcdonell, MB Henikoff, J TI Suboptimal management of chronic stable angina in a primary care setting. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 192 EP 192 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200768 ER PT J AU Haidet, P O'Malley, K Sharf, B Aniol, J Gladney, A Greisinger, A Street, R AF Haidet, P O'Malley, K Sharf, B Aniol, J Gladney, A Greisinger, A Street, R TI Links between terrorism and health perceptions of patients. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VAMC, Houston, TX USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. Kelsey Res Fdn, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 195 EP 196 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200784 ER PT J AU Haidet, P O'Malley, K Aniol, J Gladney, A Sharf, B Street, R Tran, A Greisinger, A AF Haidet, P O'Malley, K Aniol, J Gladney, A Sharf, B Street, R Tran, A Greisinger, A TI A tool to measure patients' and physicians' explanatory models of illness. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VAMC, Houston, TX USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. Kelsey Res Fdn, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 196 EP 196 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200785 ER PT J AU Huang, PY Yano, EM Lee, ML Rubenstein, LV AF Huang, PY Yano, EM Lee, ML Rubenstein, LV TI The impact of primary care clinician staffing mix on quality. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles HSR&D Ctr Excellence, Sepulveda, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 197 EP 197 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200792 ER PT J AU Nelson, K Chapko, M Reiber, G Rodenbaugh, J Boyko, EJ AF Nelson, K Chapko, M Reiber, G Rodenbaugh, J Boyko, EJ TI The effect of health insurance coverage on diabetes care; Data from the 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 205 EP 205 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200827 ER PT J AU Petersen, LA Normand, S Leape, L Mcneil, BJ AF Petersen, LA Normand, S Leape, L Mcneil, BJ TI Consequences of regionalizing invasive cardiac procedure technology. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VAMC, Houston, TX USA. Harvard Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 207 EP 207 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200836 ER PT J AU Steinman, MA Gonzales, R Landefeld, CS AF Steinman, MA Gonzales, R Landefeld, CS TI Broad-spectrum antibiotic use in adults with acute respiratory infections. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 212 EP 212 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200861 ER PT J AU Takahashi, TA Maynard, C Bradley, KA AF Takahashi, TA Maynard, C Bradley, KA TI US hopsitalizations & costs for illicit drug users with soft tissue infections. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RI Maynard, Charles/N-3906-2015 OI Maynard, Charles/0000-0002-1644-7814 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 213 EP 213 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200865 ER PT J AU Taneda, K Mcdonell, MB Fihn, SD AF Taneda, K Mcdonell, MB Fihn, SD TI Evaluation of a questionnaire to monitor patients with hypertension. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, HSR&D Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 213 EP 213 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200866 ER PT J AU Venuturupalli, S Hardy, M Coulter, I Asch, S Shekelle, PG AF Venuturupalli, S Hardy, M Coulter, I Asch, S Shekelle, PG TI Ayurvedic treatment of diabetes - Comparison of evidence available in India with evidence from Western databases. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sepulveda, CA USA. RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 215 EP 215 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200875 ER PT J AU Whittle, J Kelley, M AF Whittle, J Kelley, M TI Poor hypertension control is common or uncommon, depending on your definition. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 217 EP 217 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200883 ER PT J AU Yano, EM Mittman, BS Lanto, AB Rubenstein, LV AF Yano, EM Mittman, BS Lanto, AB Rubenstein, LV TI Facility-level impact of VA profiling on chronic disease quality and preventive practices. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles HSR&D Ctr Excellence, Sepulveda, CA USA. RAND, Sepulveda, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 218 EP 218 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158200890 ER PT J AU Pugh, JA Best, RG Moore, F Hysong, S Sugarman, B Hull, S Spears, W AF Pugh, JA Best, RG Moore, F Hysong, S Sugarman, B Hull, S Spears, W TI Barriers and facilitators of clinical practice guideline implementation. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, VERDICT, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA. Well Spring, Temple, TX USA. RI Hysong, Sylvia/B-8420-2008 OI Hysong, Sylvia/0000-0002-9063-5207 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 243 EP 243 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158201010 ER PT J AU Woodard, LD Hernandez, MT Petersen, LA AF Woodard, LD Hernandez, MT Petersen, LA TI Racial differences in attitudes regarding cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment: A qualitative study. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VAMC, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 245 EP 245 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158201020 ER PT J AU Bean-Mayberry, BA Chang, CH Mcneil, MA Hayes, PM Scholle, SH AF Bean-Mayberry, BA Chang, CH Mcneil, MA Hayes, PM Scholle, SH TI Influences on patient perceptions of primary care in women veterans. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, VA Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 246 EP 246 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158201022 ER PT J AU Washington, DL Goldzweig, C Caffrey, C Simon, B Yano, EM AF Washington, DL Goldzweig, C Caffrey, C Simon, B Yano, EM TI Can female VA users obtain comprehensive women's health care? SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 SU 1 BP 251 EP 251 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 544LB UT WOS:000175158201048 ER PT J AU Ackermann, RT Williams, JW AF Ackermann, RT Williams, JW TI Rational treatment choices for non-major depressions in primary care - An evidence-based review SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE depression; depressive disorder; premenstrual syndrome; antidepressive agents; psychotherapy; complementary therapies ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; PHASE DYSPHORIC DISORDER; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; PREMENSTRUAL-SYNDROME; MINOR DEPRESSION; DOUBLE-BLIND; SYMPTOMS; THERAPY; ALPRAZOLAM; EXERCISE AB OBJECTIVE: This review synthesizes available evidence for managing clinically significant dysphoric symptoms encountered in primary care, when formal criteria for major depression or dysthymia are not met. Discussion is focused on premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and minor depression because of their significant prevalence in the primary care setting and the lack of clear practice guidelines for addressing each illness. DESIGN: English language literature from prior systematic reviews was supplemented by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality National Guideline Clearinghouse, and bibliographies of selected papers. Studies addressing the natural history or treatment of minor depression or PMDD were selected for review. Data were abstracted by 1 of 2 independent reviewers and studies were synthesized qualitatively. RESULTS: Five individual studies that compared antidepressant or psychological treatments to placebo in patients with minor depression suggest short-term improvements in depressive symptoms with paroxetine, problem-solving therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy, but not with amitryptiline. Modest benefits on mental health function were reported with paroxetine and with problem-solving therapy, but only in patients with severe functional impairment at baseline. Twenty-four controlled trials were identified that compared antidepressant or psychological treatments to placebo in patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Pooled results from a recent systematic review of 15 randomized controlled trials and one additional trial abstract provide strong evidence for a significantly greater improvement in physical and psychological symptoms with serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitor medications when compared with placebo. Individual trials also suggest significantly greater improvements in symptom scores with venlafaxine, but not with tricyclic antidepressants. CONCLUSIONS: The limited evidence base for minor depression provides only mixed support for a small to moderate benefit for few antidepressant medications and psychological treatments tested. For the treatment of severe psychological or physical symptoms causing functional impairment in patients with PMDD, sertraline and fluoxetine are clearly beneficial in carefully selected patients. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, HSR&D, Ctr Hlth Serv Res Primary Care, Durham, NC 27705 USA. Univ Washington, Robert Wood Johnson Clin Scholars Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. RP Williams, JW (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, HSR&D, Ctr Hlth Serv Res Primary Care, Bldg 6,508 Fulton St, Durham, NC 27705 USA. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 58 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 4 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 17 IS 4 BP 293 EP 301 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2002.10350.x PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 543TG UT WOS:000175116800007 PM 11972726 ER PT J AU Heathcote, E Jeffers, L Perrillo, R Wright, T Sherman, M Namini, H Xiong, S James, C Ho, V Fry, J Brosgart, C AF Heathcote, E Jeffers, L Perrillo, R Wright, T Sherman, M Namini, H Xiong, S James, C Ho, V Fry, J Brosgart, C TI Sustained antiviral response and lack of viral resistance with long term adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) therapy in chronic HBV infection SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Toronto Hosp, W Div, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada. Toronto Gen Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Miami, Ctr Liver Dis, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Ochsner Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, New Orleans, LA USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, GI Unit, San Francisco, CA USA. Gilead Sci Inc, Clin Res, Foster City, CA 94404 USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 36 SU 1 MA 391 BP 110 EP 111 DI 10.1016/S0168-8278(02)80391-9 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 553YG UT WOS:000175704700387 ER PT J AU Menzies, BE Kourteva, Y Kaiser, AB Kernodle, DS AF Menzies, BE Kourteva, Y Kaiser, AB Kernodle, DS TI Inhibition of staphylococcal wound infection and potentiation of antibiotic prophylaxis by a recombinant fragment of the fibronectin-binding protein of Staphylococcus aureus SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; STREPTOCOCCUS-DYSGALACTIAE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ADHERENCE; ADHESION; GENES; INTERNALIZATION; ENDOCARDITIS; RECEPTORS AB Adherence of Staphylococcus aureus to host tissues is a critical step for colonization and initiation of infection. The fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBPs) of S. aureus have been implicated in adherence and internalization in nonprofessional phagocytes. A recombinant fragment of the fibronectin-binding domains (rFnBF) that potently inhibits S. aureus entry into host cells was generated. To test the hypothesis that rFnBF may attenuate the establishment of infection, the ability of intermuscularly administered rFnBF to prevent abscess formation was determined in a guinea pig model of wound infection. rFnBF exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of abscess formation and, at a 100-mug dose, raised the median infective dose similar to170-fold, compared with the control. In addition, rFnBF potentiated the benefit of prophylaxis with cefazolin. Thus, exogenous administration of the fibronectin-binding domain of FnBP reduces the risk of staphylococcal abscess formation and should be investigated further as a novel agent for prevention of wound infection. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Vet Affairs, Med Res Serv, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Menzies, BE (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way,Med Sect S-111-ID, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2002 VL 185 IS 7 BP 937 EP 943 DI 10.1086/339484 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 535QE UT WOS:000174654500012 PM 11920318 ER PT J AU Sato, M Shegogue, D Gore, EA Smith, EA Mcdermott, PJ Trojanowska, M AF Sato, M Shegogue, D Gore, EA Smith, EA Mcdermott, PJ Trojanowska, M TI Role of p38 MAPK in transforming growth factor beta stimulation of collagen production by scleroderma and healthy dermal fibroblasts SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE extracellular matrix; fibrosis; MAPK ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; HUMAN SKIN FIBROBLASTS; SYSTEMIC-SCLEROSIS FIBROBLASTS; GENE-EXPRESSION; TGF-BETA; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; 3-DIMENSIONAL COLLAGEN; UP-REGULATION; TRANSCRIPTION; FIBROSIS AB Transforming growth factor 0 has been implicated as a mediator of excessive extracellular matrix deposition in scar tissue and fibrosis, including systemic sclerosis. To further characterize the mechanism of collagen gene expression in systemic sclerosis and healthy skin fibroblasts, we examined the role of p38 MAPK signaling in collagen gene regulation by transforming growth factor beta. Treatment of dermal fibroblasts with transforming growth factor beta resulted in a prolonged activation of p38 MAPK. Furthermore, a specific inhibitor of p38 suppressed transforming growth factor beta stimulation of collagen type I mRNA and the alpha2(1) collagen promoter activity. To further probe the role of p38 in collagen regulation by transforming growth factor beta, we utilized an expression vector containing p38(X cDNA. Ectopic expression of p38alpha enhanced COL1A2 promoter activity and potentiated transforming growth factor 0 stimulation of this promoter. The p38 response element in the COL1A2 promoter overlapped with the previously characterized transforming growth factor beta response element. Consistent with these observations, collagen type I mRNA and protein levels were increased in transforming-growth-factor-beta-stimulated fibroblasts transduced with an adenoviral vector expressing p38alpha. To determine the possible role of p38 in abnormal collagen production by systemic sclerosis fibroblasts, p38 protein levels were compared in systemic sclerosis and healthy skin fibroblasts. Both cell types exhibited similar total levels of p38 MAPK and similar kinetics of p38 activation in response to transforming growth factor beta. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a costimulatory role for p38 MAPK in transforming growth factor beta induction of the collagen type I gene. Expression levels and activation status of p38 are not consistently elevated in systemic sclerosis fibroblasts suggesting that the p38 MAPK pathway is not dysregulated in systemic sclerosis fibroblasts. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Trojanowska, M (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, 96 Jonathan Lucas St,Suite 912, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-42334, AR-44883] NR 40 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 118 IS 4 BP 704 EP 711 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2002.01719.x PG 8 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 535LD UT WOS:000174645200021 PM 11918720 ER PT J AU Cao, Q Mak, KM Lieber, CS AF Cao, Q Mak, KM Lieber, CS TI Dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine prevents transforming growth factor-beta 1-mediated collagen accumulation in cultured rat hepatic stellate cells SO JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FAT-STORING CELLS; TISSUE INHIBITOR; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-13; GENE-EXPRESSION; LIVER FIBROSIS; MESSENGER-RNA; FIBROGENESIS; ACTIVATION; DISEASE; CLONING AB Polyenylphosphatidylcholine (PPC), a mixture of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines, protects against alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver fibrosis in baboons and rats, respectively. In this study, we assessed the antifibrogenic action of dilinoleoylphos-phatidylcholine (DLPC), the main phosphatidylcholine species of PPC, against transforming growth factor-beta1-mediated expression of a 1 (1) procollagen, tissue Inhibitor of metallopreoteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) in cultured rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In primary culture-activated HSCs, TGF-beta1 up-regulated the a 1 (1) procollagen mRNA level with a concomitant Increase in type I collagen accumulation In culture media. Whereas TIMP-1 mRNA levels and TIMP-1 accumulation in media were also increased by TGF-beta1, MMP-13 mRNA expression and MMP-13 concentration In media were not altered. DLPC fully blocked TGF-beta1 induced increase In alpha1 (1) procollagen mRNA expression and decreased collagen accumulation In media. Whereas TIMP-1 mRNA level and TIMP-1 accumulation in media were decreased by DLPC, MMP-13 mRNA expression and MMP-13 concentration in media were not changed by this treatment. Palmitoyl-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine (PLPC), the second most abundant component of PPC, had no effect on the concentrations of collagen, TIMP-1, and MMP-13 in HSC culture. We conclude that DLPC prevents TGF-beta1-mediated HSC fibrogenesis through clown-regulation of a I (I) procollagen and TIMP-1 mRNA expression. The latter effect leads to a decreased accumulation of TIMP-1 that, in the presence of unchanged MMP-13 mRNA expression and MMP-13 concentration, results in a larger ratio of MMP-13/TIMP-1 concentrations in the culture media, favoring collagen degradation and lesser collagen accumulation. This effect of DLPC may explain, at least In part, the antifibrogenic action of PPC against alcoholic and other fibrotic disorders of the liver. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med ctr, Alcohol Res & Treatment Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Bronx, NY USA. RP Lieber, CS (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med ctr, Alcohol Res & Treatment Ctr, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NCCIH NIH HHS [R01 AT001583]; NIAAA NIH HHS [AA 11115, R21 AA014326] NR 49 TC 31 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-2143 J9 J LAB CLIN MED JI J. Lab. Clin. Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 139 IS 4 BP 202 EP 210 DI 10.1067/mlc.2002.121853 PG 9 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Medical Laboratory Technology; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 558GN UT WOS:000175958100004 PM 12024107 ER PT J AU Jin, KL Nagayama, T Mao, XO Kawaguchi, K Hickey, RW Greenberg, DA Simon, RP Graham, SH AF Jin, KL Nagayama, T Mao, XO Kawaguchi, K Hickey, RW Greenberg, DA Simon, RP Graham, SH TI Two caspase-2 transcripts are expressed in rat hippocampus after global cerebral ischemia SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE caspase-2; cell death; gene expression; inhibitor; ischemia; rat brain ID DELAYED NEURONAL DEATH; BRAIN INJURY; CELL-DEATH; MESSENGER-RNA; ADAPTER MOLECULE; FAMILY PROTEASES; PC12 CELLS; APOPTOSIS; INHIBITION; MODEL AB Caspase family genes play a critical role in the initiation and execution of programmed cell death. Programmed cell death is an important contributor to neuronal loss following cerebral ischemia. We have performed a series of experiments to investigate the role of a specific caspase, caspase-2, in the development of delayed neuronal death following transient global ischemia in the rat. A rat ischemic brain cDNA library was screened, and two splice-variants of caspase-2 mRNA were identified, caspase-2S and caspase-2L, which were highly homologous with the sequences of human and mouse caspase-2S and caspase-2L genes, respectively. RT-PCR demonstrated an increase in expression of both caspase-2S and caspase-2L mRNA at 8, 24 and 72 h of reperfusion after global ischemia. The ratio of the two PCR fragments did not change significantly throughout the time course of reperfusion. Western blot with monoclonal antibody specific to the proapoptotic caspase-2L splice variant revealed an increase in procaspase-2 (51 kDa) protein from 4 to 72 h following ischemia compared with sham-operated controls. Furthermore, an approximately 30-kDa cleavage product appeared at 8 h and increased with increasing duration of reperfusion. Thus, caspase-2L is both translated and activated following transient global ischemia. Finally, intraventricular administration of the caspase-2-like inhibitor (VDVAD-FMK) 30 min before induction of ischemia decreased the number of CA1 neurons staining positively for DNA damage (Klenow-labeling assay) and increased the number of healthy-appearing CA1 neurons (cresyl violet) compared with vehicle-treated controls. Taken together, the data suggest that caspase-2 induction and activation are important mediators of delayed neuronal death following transient global ischemia. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Buck Inst Age Res, Novato, CA USA. RP Graham, SH (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, S-526 Biomed Sci Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 24728, P01 NS35965] NR 55 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD APR PY 2002 VL 81 IS 1 BP 25 EP 35 DI 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00781.x PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 537XD UT WOS:000174784200004 PM 12067235 ER PT J AU Ofman, JJ MacLean, CH Straus, WL Morton, SC Berger, ML Roth, EA Shekelle, P AF Ofman, JJ MacLean, CH Straus, WL Morton, SC Berger, ML Roth, EA Shekelle, P TI A metaanalysis of severe upper gastrointestinal complications of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs; peptic ulcer disease; upper gastrointestlnal hemorrhage; complications ID ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS; PEPTIC-ULCER DISEASE; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; ELDERLY PERSONS; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; ASPIRIN USE; COLLABORATIVE METAANALYSIS AB Objective. Prior metaanalyses of the risk of upper gastrointestinal (GI) complications associated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) have focused on the published English language epidemiologic literature and/or only a portion of the relevant evidence, restrictions that are now known to be associated with bias in metaanalysis. We synthesized the published and unpublished evidence to determine the least biased estimates of the risks of perforations, ulcers, and bleeds (PUB) associated with NSAID use from all study designs and all languages. Methods. Data sources: Using MEDLINE, EMBASE, HEALTHSTAR, and BIOSIS, we searched for English and non-English language studies of NSAID from 1966-1998 reporting primary data on GI complications. We obtained unpublished data from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) new, drug application (NDA) reviews. NDA were hand searched to identify unpublished studies with inclusion criteria identical to those used for published reports. Study selection: Studies had to assess the use of oral NSAID for more than 4 days duration in subjects > 18 years of age and report on the clinically relevant upper GI outcomes of PUB. Results. Two reviewers evaluated 4881 published titles and identified 13 NSAID versus placebo randomized clinical trials and 3 previously unpublished FDA placebo controlled randomized controlled trials, 9 cohort studies, and 23 case control studies sufficiently clinically homogeneous to pool. Two reviewers extracted data about study characteristics and study quality. Data synthesis: The majority of clinical trials were of good quality, but observational studies had methodologic limitations. The pooled odds ratio (OR) from 16 NSAID versus placebo clinical trials, comprising 4431 patients, was 5.36 (95% Cl: 1.79, 16.1). The pooled relative risk of PUB from 9 cohort studies comprising over 750,000 person-years of exposure was 2.7 (95% Cl: 2.1, 3.5). The pooled OR of PUB from 23 case control studies using age and sex matching, representing 25,732 patients, was 3.0 (95% Cl: 2.5, 3.7). Data were insufficient to justify subgroup analyses stratified by age, comorbid conditions, drug, or dose. Conclusion. These data support an association between the use of NSAID and serious upper GI complications, including estimates from different study designs. Prior pooled estimates about the effect of patient and drug variables on increased risk must be viewed with caution. C1 Merck & Co Inc, W Point, PA USA. W Los Angeles VAMC, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Zynx Hlth Inc, Cedars Sinai Hlth Syst, Dept Med, Beverly Hills, CA 90212 USA. Cedars Sinai Hlth Syst, Dept Hlth Serv Res, Div Gastroenterol, Beverly Hills, CA 90212 USA. RP Ofman, JJ (reprint author), Zynx Hlth Inc, Cedars Sinai Hlth Syst, Dept Med, 9100 Wilshire Blvd,Ste 655, Beverly Hills, CA 90212 USA. NR 161 TC 137 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 1 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 29 IS 4 BP 804 EP 812 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 541BU UT WOS:000174966000026 PM 11950025 ER PT J AU Rudkin, GH Carlsen, BT Chung, CY Huang, WB Ishida, K Anvar, B Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA AF Rudkin, GH Carlsen, BT Chung, CY Huang, WB Ishida, K Anvar, B Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA TI Retinoids inhibit squamous cell carcinoma growth and intercellular communication SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE retinoic acids; squamous cell carcinoma; skin cancer; gap junctional intercellular communication; connexins ID GAP JUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION; MOUSE SKIN; PROTEIN CONNEXIN-43; TUMOR-CELLS; BASAL-CELL; ACID; EXPRESSION; LINES; PHOSPHORYLATION; CHEMOTHERAPY AB Background. Retinoids have been shown to inhibit the growth of squamous cell carcinoma and other malignancies. They have also been shown to alter gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) and the expression of connexins, the protein subunits of gap junctions. We report in this study that the alteration of GJIC by retinoids may be directly related to inhibitory effects on cell growth. Materials and methods. SCC-13 cells were treated with all-trans retinoic acid (tRA) and 13-cis retinoic acid (cRA) at 10(-7) and 10(-6) M concentrations in culture. No treatment and ethanol vehicle controls were included for each experiment. Serial cell counts of parallel cultures were performed to determine cell growth. The parachute technique was performed in combination with fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis to determine GJIC. Northern and Western blot analysis were performed to assess connexin mRNA and protein expression. Results. The growth rate was inhibited for cells treated with tRA (10(-6) M) (P < 0.05) and cRA (10(-6) M) (P = 0.068) vs vehicle control. GJIC was significantly inhibited with both tRA (10(-7) and 10(-6) M) (P < 0.001) and cRA (10(-7) and 10(-6) M) (P < 0.001) at 24,48, and 96 h as determined by FACS analysis. To correlate GJIC with cell growth, we studied the effect of glycyrrhetinic acid, a known inhibitor of GJIC. Glycyrrhetinic acid also significantly inhibited cell growth (P < 0.05) vs control. Connexin 26 and connexin 43 mRNA and protein expression were not significantly altered after retinoid treatment. Conclusion. Retinoic acids inhibit both cell growth and GJIC in SCC-13 cells. Retinoids may inhibit cell growth through alteration of GJIC in SCC-13 cells. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Plast Surg Res Lab, Plast Surg Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, GRECC, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Rudkin, GH (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Plast Surg Res Lab, Plast Surg Sect, Bldg 114,Room 221,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD APR PY 2002 VL 103 IS 2 BP 183 EP 189 DI 10.1006/jsre.2001.6346 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 539BD UT WOS:000174848900009 PM 11922733 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA AF Cooper, RA TI Wheelchair users are not necessarily wheelchair bound SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material ID MOBILITY C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Human Engn Res Labs, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Human Engn Res Labs, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Human Engn Res Labs, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Human Engn Res Labs, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 BP 771 EP 772 DI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50177.x PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 541AT UT WOS:000174963600026 PM 11982683 ER PT J AU Austin, S Alessi, CA Kim, EC AF Austin, S Alessi, CA Kim, EC TI Sundowning and sleep impairment in nursing home residents. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ohio Univ, Coll Osteopath Med, Athens, OH 45701 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Multicampus Program Geriatr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 SU S MA P336 BP S120 EP S121 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 542EL UT WOS:000175030500381 ER PT J AU Bates-Jensen, BM Alessi, CA Ouslander, JG Al-Samarrai, NR Schnelle, JF AF Bates-Jensen, BM Alessi, CA Ouslander, JG Al-Samarrai, NR Schnelle, JF TI The effects of an exercise and incontinence intervention on skin health outcomes in nursing home residents. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Multicampus Program Geriatr Med & Gerontol, Borun Ctr Gerontol Res, Reseda, CA USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Emory Univ, Div Geriatr Med & Gerontol, Wesley Woods Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Atlanta VA Rehabil Res & Dev Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 SU S MA P404 BP S142 EP S143 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 542EL UT WOS:000175030500449 ER PT J AU Casarett, DJ Karlawish, JH Hirschman, KB AF Casarett, DJ Karlawish, JH Hirschman, KB TI The effect of symptoms on cancer patients' capacity to give consent for research. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Div Geriatr Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Social Work, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 SU S MA P51 BP S31 EP S32 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 542EL UT WOS:000175030500097 ER PT J AU Chuang, KH Covinsky, KE Sands, LP Landefeld, CS AF Chuang, KH Covinsky, KE Sands, LP Landefeld, CS TI DRG-adjusted hospital costs are higher in patients with worse functional status. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 SU S MA A21 BP S7 EP S7 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 542EL UT WOS:000175030500022 ER PT J AU Guzman, JS Sohn, L Harada, N AF Guzman, JS Sohn, L Harada, N TI Social support and health services utilization in the elderly veterans. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 SU S MA P89 BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 542EL UT WOS:000175030500135 ER PT J AU Joseph, CL Carethers, M Kuwanoe, C Marks, ML AF Joseph, CL Carethers, M Kuwanoe, C Marks, ML TI A pilot trial of Telehomecare for VA home-based primary care (HBPC) patients. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Spark M Matsunaga Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 SU S MA P91 BP S44 EP S45 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 542EL UT WOS:000175030500137 ER PT J AU Karlawish, JH Casarett, DJ James, BD TenHave, TR Clark, CM AF Karlawish, JH Casarett, DJ James, BD TenHave, TR Clark, CM TI What factors explain differences between Alzheimer's disease patients' and caregivers' ratings of patient quality of life (QOL)? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 SU S MA P254 BP S94 EP S95 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 542EL UT WOS:000175030500299 ER PT J AU Kunik, ME Snow, AL Souchek, J Menke, T Ashton, CM AF Kunik, ME Snow, AL Souchek, J Menke, T Ashton, CM TI Health service use in dementia patients with aggression. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VAMC, HSR&D, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VAMC, S Cent MIRECC, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 SU S MA P107 BP S49 EP S50 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 542EL UT WOS:000175030500153 ER PT J AU Rosen, J Mulsant, BH Kollar, M Kastango, KB Mazumdar, S Fox, D AF Rosen, J Mulsant, BH Kollar, M Kastango, KB Mazumdar, S Fox, D TI Mental health training for nursing home staff using computer-based interactive video: A 6-month randomized trial. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, WPIC, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biostat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Fox Learning Syst Inc, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 SU S MA P187 BP S73 EP S74 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 542EL UT WOS:000175030500232 ER PT J AU Skolnick, AH Perell, KL Manzano, M Gray, CG Opava-Rutter, D Castle, S AF Skolnick, AH Perell, KL Manzano, M Gray, CG Opava-Rutter, D Castle, S TI Characteristics of recurrent fallers in a population referred to a fall prevention clinic. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 SU S MA P125 BP S55 EP S55 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 542EL UT WOS:000175030500171 ER PT J AU Steinman, MA Gonzales, R Landefeld, CS AF Steinman, MA Gonzales, R Landefeld, CS TI Broad-spectrum antibiotic use among elderly outpatients: Results from a national sample. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, VA Natl Qual Scholars Program, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Geriatr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Gen Internal Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2002 VL 50 IS 4 SU S MA P303 BP S110 EP S110 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 542EL UT WOS:000175030500348 ER PT J AU Wong, M Staszewsky, L Volpi, A Latini, R Barlera, S Hoglund, C AF Wong, M Staszewsky, L Volpi, A Latini, R Barlera, S Hoglund, C TI Quality assessment and quality control of echocardiographic performance in a large multicenter international study: Valsartan in Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID AGREEMENT AB Objective: To qualify 302 multinational echocardiography sites to record and read serial studies and to monitor quality in 5010 patients randomized into Valsartan in Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT). Background: Decentralized echocardiography reading is unprecedented in large clinical trials. Methods: Single and duplicate recordings, and triplicate readings of echocardiographic variables were submitted to 3 core laboratories. Quality of recording was defined with a 16-point scoring system; accuracy of reading by agreement with core readings; reproducibility by agreement between the duplicate studies. Results: Seventy-five percent of initial submissions were approved for recording, and 50% for reading. Resubmissions were evaluated until approval. initial scores of sites approved with 1 versus 2 submissions differed, 13.8 +/- 1.4 versus 10.6 +/- 2.0, P < .001; final score was similar, 13.4 +/- 1.6, P = ns. Initial score of sites approved after 3 or more submissions differed, 9.5 +/- 1.9, P < .001; final score improved to 12.7 +/- 1.9, but remained lower, P < .001. Expressed as 95% limits of agreement (mean difference +/- 1.96 x SD), accuracy = -0.04 +/- 0.74 cm for left ventricular internal end-diastolic diameter (LVIDd); -0.29 +/- 14.3% for ejection fraction (EF); reproducibility 0.00 +/- 0.53 cm for LVIDd; -0.25 +/- 8.3% for EF. Quality of random sampling at baseline, 4, 12, and 18 months showed recording scores of 11.7 +/- 2.7, 12.3 +/- 2.4, 12.1 +/- 2.2, and 11.4 +/- 2.0, P = .24. Power analysis revealed differences of 0.09 cm for LVIDd, and 0.86% for EF detectable with a power of 90% and alpha of 5%. Conclusion: The qualifying process improved echocardiography recording and reading to bring 95% of the sites to an equivalent level of quality. Monitoring quality found that recording quality and reading accuracy were maintained 18 months into the trial. Reproducibility, given the large sample size, will be able to detect small changes in LVIDd and EF. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Stockholm Heart Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. G Fornaroli Hosp, Div Cardiol, Milan, Italy. Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Milan, Italy. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Wong, M (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,500-6641,00QM, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0894-7317 J9 J AM SOC ECHOCARDIOG JI J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. PD APR PY 2002 VL 15 IS 4 BP 293 EP 301 DI 10.1067/mje.2001.115103 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 548CU UT WOS:000175371700002 PM 11944005 ER PT J AU Sherrard, DJ AF Sherrard, DJ TI Manipulating the calcium receptor SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE SECRETION; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; OSTEODYSTROPHY; PREVALENCE; FRACTURES; BONE; RATS C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Sherrard, DJ (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst S111RDU, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1124 EP 1125 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 535CM UT WOS:000174627700037 PM 11912275 ER PT J AU Chen, RH Huang, CC Morinelli, TA Trojanowska, M Paul, RV AF Chen, RH Huang, CC Morinelli, TA Trojanowska, M Paul, RV TI Blockade of the effects of TGF-beta 1 on mesangial cells by overexpression of Smad7 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; TGF-BETA; EXPERIMENTAL GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; GENE-THERAPY; RAT-KIDNEY; RECEPTOR; EXPRESSION; KINASE; INVOLVEMENT; FIBROBLASTS AB Smad7, a protein induced by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) in many target cells, inhibits TGF-beta1 signal transduction and is thought to mediate an intracellular negative feedback response that limits TGF-beta1 effects. It is possible that overexpression of Smad7 could block specified effects of TGF-beta1 on mesangial cells, a TGF-beta target in glomerular disease. Smad7 mRNA was induced by TGF-beta1 within 1 h in a concentration-dependent manner in a transformed mouse mesangial cell (MMC) line. Uptake of C-14- spermidine from the medium by MMC and the transcriptional activity of a segment of the human collagen pro-alpha2 type 1 chain (COL1A2) promoter fused to a luciferase reporter gene were used as indices of TGF-beta1. Treatment with TGF-beta1 increased C-14-spermidine uptake rate in a time-, concentration-, and temperature-dependent manner. For example, exposure to 1 ng/mI TGF-beta1 for 15 h increased uptake approximately twofold, a response that was attenuated by cycloheximide. Transfection of Smad7 expression vector into MMC abrogated both TGF-beta1-dependent stimulation of spermidine uptake and COL1A2 promoter activity. It is concluded that: (1) TGF-beta1 induces Smad7 in MMC; (2) C-14-spermidine uptake is a convenient quantitative index of TGF-beta1 effect in these cells; and (3) overexpression of Smad7 is a highly effective method of blocking at least some mesangial cell effects of TGF-beta1 that may warrant evaluation in vivo in experimental glomerular disease. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Med Specialty Serv, Charleston, SC USA. RP Paul, RV (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 30 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 13 IS 4 AR UNSP 1046-6673/1304-0887 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 535CM UT WOS:000174627700009 PM 11912247 ER PT J AU Lee, HY Grant, EG AF Lee, HY Grant, EG TI Sonography in renovascular hypertension SO JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Doppler sonography; renal arteries; renovascular hypertension ID RENAL-ARTERY STENOSIS; WAVE-FORM PARAMETERS; DUPLEX ULTRASONOGRAPHY; DOPPLER SONOGRAPHY; STENT PLACEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; TARDUS; SYSTOLE; PATTERN AB Objective. To familiarize practitioners with different sonographic manifestations of renal artery compromise and the sonographic techniques for renal artery imaging. Methods. Approximately 1500 examinations evaluating for renal artery disease are performed in our vascular laboratory every year. Most of the patients have the symptoms of hypertension (possibly related to renovascular etiology) and renal insufficiency. From our cumulative experience, the optimal scanning techniques are defined for each renal artery for extrarenal versus intrarenal vascular evaluation, and for patients with different body habitus. We have also tabulated our technical success rate. Cases with sonographic evidence of renal artery compromise are identified. The validity, sensitivity, and specificity of different parameters are examined. Results. We achieve an approximately 75% to 80% success rate in obtaining technically adequate studies. We have not found the tardus-parvus waveform evaluation to be as valuable as direct interrogation of the renal artery. Conclusions. Duplex/color Doppler sonography serves a vital role in the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis and occlusion; it has an excellent correlation with contrast-enhanced angiography. It is also used for intraoperative or postrevascularization surveillance to show evidence of recurring stenosis, thrombosis, and other complications. C1 W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Lee, HY (reprint author), W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Radiol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,114, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST ULTRASOUND MEDICINE PI LAUREL PA SUBSCRIPTION DEPT, 14750 SWEITZER LANE, STE 100, LAUREL, MD 20707-5906 USA SN 0278-4297 J9 J ULTRAS MED JI J. Ultrasound Med. PD APR PY 2002 VL 21 IS 4 BP 431 EP 441 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 534AP UT WOS:000174562700009 PM 11934100 ER PT J AU Penson, DF Grossfeld, GD Li, YP Henning, JM Lubeck, DP Carroll, PR AF Penson, DF Grossfeld, GD Li, YP Henning, JM Lubeck, DP Carroll, PR TI How well does the Partin nomogram predict pathological stage after radical prostatectomy in a community based population? Results of the cancer of the prostate strategic urological research endeavor SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate; prostatic neoplasms; prognosis; prostatectomy; neoplasm staging ID GLEASON SCORE; CLINICAL STAGE; ANTIGEN; SPECIMENS; DIAGNOSIS AB Purpose: The Partin nomogram uses preoperative Gleason grade, serum prostate specific antigen and clinical stage to predict pathological outcome after radical prostatectomy. It was developed and validated in a select population of patients at 3 academic institutions. Although the nomogram is widely used, it has yet to be validated in a community based population. We assessed the performance of the nomogram in the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urological Research Endeavor, a nationwide, community based observational disease registry of men with prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: Included in the cohort were 1,162 men in Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urological Research Endeavor who underwent radical prostatectomy. Using various probability thresholds the nomogram was used to predict outcomes in each patient. Using different probability thresholds receiver operating characteristics curves were then used to assess test performance. Results: Of the men 860 (74%) had organ confined disease, 179 (15%) had established capsular penetration, 95 (8%) had seminal vesicle involvement and 37 (3%) had lymph node involvement. Calculated receiver operating characteristics curve area was 0.684 for predicting organ confined disease, 0.614 for predicting capsular penetration, 0.726 for predicting seminal vesicle involvement and 0.766 for predicting lymph node involvement. These values were lower than in previously published reports. Conclusions: While the Partin nomogram performs adequately in a community based cohort of men who undergo radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer, it does not attain the success demonstrated in previous studies in select academic cohorts. This result was likely due to differences in the distribution of pathological outcomes in the community based cohort, in which more men had organ confined disease. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Urol Sect, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Urol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Urol Outcomes Res Grp, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Canc Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. TAP Pharmaceut Prod Inc, Lake Forest, IL USA. RP Penson, DF (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Urol Sect, Seattle, WA USA. NR 18 TC 48 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 167 IS 4 BP 1653 EP 1657 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65172-5 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 531VB UT WOS:000174437000016 PM 11912382 ER PT J AU Ragland, BD Bell, WC Lopez, RR Siegal, GP AF Ragland, BD Bell, WC Lopez, RR Siegal, GP TI Cytogenetics and molecular biology of osteosarcoma SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Review ID COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION; P-GLYCOPROTEIN EXPRESSION; HIGH-GRADE OSTEOSARCOMAS; SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMAS; OSTEO-SARCOMA; DNA ANALYSIS; P53 GENE; PAROSTEAL OSTEOSARCOMA; PAGETS-DISEASE; BETA ISOFORMS C1 Univ Alabama, Div Anatom Pathol, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Radiol, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Cell Biol, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Surg, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Siegal, GP (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Div Anatom Pathol, Dept Pathol, 506 Kracke Bldg, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. NR 70 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD APR PY 2002 VL 82 IS 4 BP 365 EP 373 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 547UY UT WOS:000175351800001 PM 11950895 ER PT J AU Biggins, SW Beldecos, A Rabkin, JM Rosen, HR AF Biggins, SW Beldecos, A Rabkin, JM Rosen, HR TI Retransplantation for hepatic allograft failure: Prognostic modeling and ethical considerations SO LIVER TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Review ID ORTHOTOPIC LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; CIRRHOSIS; RECURRENCE; DISEASE; SURVIVAL; EXPERIENCE; ALLOCATION; REJECTION; INFECTION; EFFICACY AB Retransplantation already accounts for 10% of all liver transplants performed, and this percentage is likely to increase as patients live long enough to develop graft failure from recurrent disease. Overall, retransplantation is associated with significantly diminished survival and increased costs. This review summarizes the current causes of graft failure after primary liver transplant, prognostic models that can identify the subset of patients for retransplantation with outcomes comparable to primary transplantation, and ethical considerations in this setting, i.e., outcomes-based versus urgency-based approaches. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Rosen, HR (reprint author), OHSU, Portland VA Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, POB 1034 P3-GI 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 57 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1527-6465 J9 LIVER TRANSPLANT JI Liver Transplant. PD APR PY 2002 VL 8 IS 4 BP 313 EP 322 DI 10.1053/jlts.2002.31746 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 542MR UT WOS:000175048100001 PM 11965573 ER PT J AU Nelson, K Garcia, RE Brown, J Mangione, CM Louis, TA Keeler, E Cretin, S AF Nelson, K Garcia, RE Brown, J Mangione, CM Louis, TA Keeler, E Cretin, S TI Do patient consent procedures affect participation rates in health services research? SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE health services research; participation rates; response rates; subject recruitment ID MEDICAL-RECORDS RESEARCH; CONDUCT AB BACKGROUND. Few studies have examined the effects of Institutional Review Board (IRB) requirements to contact potential research participants. OBJECTIVE. To examine the association between requirements to contact potential research subjects and participation rates in a multisite health services research study. RESEARCH DESIGN, SUBJECTS. Prospective observational study of survey participation by 2673 individuals with diabetes and 1974 individuals with congestive heart failure treated at 15 clinical sites in the United States that had implemented a quality improvement intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES. Telephone survey response rates. RESULTS. Of 15 IRBs, seven required sites to obtain authorization from participants to release contact information to the study team. Five required oral and two required written advance permission. The response rate was 58% (913/1571) at sites where no advance permission was required, 39% (989/2530) from sites that required oral advance permission and 27% (145/546, P <0.001) at sites requiring written advance permission. Although 85% of eligible participants contacted directly by the study team consented to complete the survey, only 43% of individuals at sites requiring written advance permission allowed the release of contact information to the study team. CONCLUSIONS. Many potential participants did not grant advance permission to be contacted by the study team. Requiring advance permission reduced participation rates, especially at sites requiring written authorization. Key words: Health services research; participation rates; response rates; subject recruitment. C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RAND Hlth, Santa Monica, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Hlth Serv Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RAND Corp, Arlington, VA USA. RP Nelson, K (reprint author), Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way,S-111-GIMC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 17 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD APR PY 2002 VL 40 IS 4 BP 283 EP 288 DI 10.1097/00005650-200204000-00004 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 536PX UT WOS:000174712000004 PM 12021684 ER PT J AU Simon, M Feliers, D Arar, M Bhandari, B Abboud, HE AF Simon, M Feliers, D Arar, M Bhandari, B Abboud, HE TI Cloning of the 5 '-flanking region of the murine bone morphogenetic protein-7 gene SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE BMP-7; bone morphogenetic protein; kidney development; transcriptional regulation; promoter activity ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; KINASE-C; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; METANEPHRIC MESENCHYME; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; MOLECULAR-CLONING; MESSENGER-RNA; KIDNEY; CELLS; MOUSE AB BMP-7, a member of the bone morphogenetic protein subfamily of the TGFbeta-superfamily is highly expressed in the murine kidney. BMP-7 is involved in fetal nephron development and mesenchymal to epithelial cell differentiation. Constitutive BMP-7 expression is found in tubular and glomerular epithelial cells of the adult kidney. BMP-7 may play a role in physiology and pathophysiology of the adult kidney since BMP-7 gene expression in acute renal ischemia is diminished and injection of recombinant BMP-7 into rats with ischemic acute renal failure preserves renal function. In order to investigate the transcriptional regulation of BMP-7, this study was undertaken to clone and characterize the promoter of the murine BMP-7 gene. A 1394 bp sequence of the 5'-flanking region of the BMP-7 gene was isolated and subcloned. No TATA and CAAT box consensus motifs could be identified as shown for promoters of other BMPs. Using in vitro transfection assays, the 5'-flanking region revealed moderate to strong basal promoter activity. PMA increased basal BMP-7 promoter activity. Thus BMP-7 gene transcription might involve at least in part a PKC-dependent pathway. The cloning of a 5'-flanking region of the BMP-7 gene should provide a useful tool for future studies on the transcriptional regulation of BMP-7 gene expression. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Pediat Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Simon, M (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-33665, DK-43988] NR 42 TC 4 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0300-8177 J9 MOL CELL BIOCHEM JI Mol. Cell. Biochem. PD APR PY 2002 VL 233 IS 1-2 BP 31 EP 37 DI 10.1023/A:1015546615027 PG 7 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 552TC UT WOS:000175635300005 PM 12083377 ER PT J AU Intano, GW McMahan, CA McCarrey, JR Walter, RB McKenna, AE Matsumoto, Y MacInnes, MA Chen, DJ Walter, CA AF Intano, GW McMahan, CA McCarrey, JR Walter, RB McKenna, AE Matsumoto, Y MacInnes, MA Chen, DJ Walter, CA TI Base excision repair is limited by different proteins in male germ cell nuclear extracts prepared from young and old mice SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA-POLYMERASE-BETA; LIGASE-III; SPERMATOGENIC CELLS; MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; TRANSLATIONAL REGULATION; MEIOTIC RECOMBINATION; MOUSE SPERMATOGENESIS; SPONTANEOUS MUTATION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; MAMMALIAN TESTIS AB The combined observations of elevated DNA repair gene expression, high uracil-DNA glycosylase-initiated base excision repair, and a low spontaneous mutant frequency for a lacI transgene in spermatogenic cells from young mice suggest that base excision repair activity is high in spermatogenic cell types. Notably, the spontaneous mutant frequency of the lacI transgene is greater in spermatogenic cells obtained from old mice, suggesting that germ line DNA repair activity may decline with age. A paternal age effect in spermatogenic cells is recognized for the human population as well. To determine if male germ cell base excision repair activity changes with age, uracil-DNA glycosylase-initiated base excision repair activity was measured in mixed germ cell (i.e., all spermatogenic cell types in adult testis) nuclear extracts prepared from young, middle-aged, and old mice. Base excision repair activity was also assessed in nuclear extracts from premeiotic, meiotic, and postmeiotic spermatogenic cell types obtained from young mice. Mixed germ cell nuclear extracts exhibited an age-related decrease in base excision repair activity that was restored by addition of apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease. Uracil-DNA glycosylase and DNA ligase were determined to be limiting in mixed germ cell nuclear extracts prepared from young animals. Base excision repair activity was only modestly elevated in pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids relative to other spermatogenic cells. Thus, germ line short-patch base excision repair activity appears to be relatively constant throughout spermatogenesis in young animals, limited by uracil-DNA glycosylase and DNA ligase in young animals, and limited by AP endonuclease in old animals. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Genet, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. SW Texas State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Walter, CA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, Mail Code 7762,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA75137, R37 CA050519, P01 CA075137, CA50519, R01 CA050519]; NIA NIH HHS [AG14674, AG00205, T32 AG000205, AG13560]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ESO9136] NR 66 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 22 IS 7 BP 2410 EP 2418 DI 10.1128/MCB.22.7.2410-2418.2002 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 531GK UT WOS:000174407500039 PM 11884623 ER PT J AU Lupien, SJ Wilkinson, CW Briere, S Menard, C Kin, NMKNY Nair, NPV AF Lupien, SJ Wilkinson, CW Briere, S Menard, C Kin, NMKNY Nair, NPV TI The modulatory effects of corticosteroids on cognition: studies in young human populations SO PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE corticosteroids; memory; mineralocorticoids; glucocorticoids; humans ID PRIMED BURST POTENTIATION; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; CA1 PYRAMIDAL NEURONS; DECLARATIVE MEMORY; CORTISOL-LEVELS; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTORS; BRAIN; STRESS; HIPPOCAMPUS AB In the present article, we report on two studies performed in young human populations which tested the cognitive impact of glucocorticoids (GC) in situations of decreased or increased ratio of mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid (GR) receptor occupation. In the first study, we used a hormone replacement protocol in which we pharmacologically decreased cortisol levels by administration of metyrapone and then restored baseline cortisol levels by a subsequent hydrocortisone replacement treatment, Memory function was tested after each pharmacological manipulation. We observed that metyrapone treatment significantly impaired delayed recall, while hydrocortisone replacement restored performance at placebo level. In the second study, we took advantage of the circadian variation of circulating levels in cortisol and tested the impact of a bolus injection of 35 mg of hydrocortisone in the late afternoon. at a time of very low cortisol concentrations. In a previous study with young normal controls, we injected a similar dose of hydrocortisone in the morning, at the time of the circadian peak, and reported detrimental effects of GC on cognitive function. Here, when we injected a similar dose of hydrocortisone in the afternoon, at the time of the circadian trough, we observed positive effects of GC on memory function. The results of these two studies provide evidence that GC are necessary for learning and memory in human populations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 McGill Univ, Dept Psychiat, Douglas Hosp Res Ctr, Lab Human Psychoneuroendocrine Res, Verdun, PQ H4H 1R3, Canada. Geriat Inst Montreal, Montreal, PQ H3W 1W5, Canada. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, Seattle, WA USA. RP Lupien, SJ (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Psychiat, Douglas Hosp Res Ctr, Lab Human Psychoneuroendocrine Res, 6875 Bld Lasalle, Verdun, PQ H4H 1R3, Canada. NR 48 TC 191 Z9 200 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4530 J9 PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO JI Psychoneuroendocrinology PD APR PY 2002 VL 27 IS 3 BP 401 EP 416 AR PII S0306-4530(01)00061-0 DI 10.1016/S0306-4530(01)00061-0 PG 16 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 543AU UT WOS:000175079200007 PM 11818174 ER PT J AU Starkebaum, G AF Starkebaum, G TI Chronic neutropenia associated with autoimmune disease SO SEMINARS IN HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; GRANULAR LYMPHOCYTE LEUKEMIA; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; LOW-DOSE METHOTREXATE; FELTYS-SYNDROME; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; FAS LIGAND; CYCLOSPORINE-A; REACTIVE IGG C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Starkebaum, G (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, S-01 CMO,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 59 TC 36 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0037-1963 J9 SEMIN HEMATOL JI Semin. Hematol. PD APR PY 2002 VL 39 IS 2 BP 121 EP 127 DI 10.1053/shem.2002.31918 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 540WV UT WOS:000174954600009 PM 11957195 ER PT J AU Greenlee, DJ Fan, H Lawless, K Harrison, CR Gulley, ML AF Greenlee, DJ Fan, H Lawless, K Harrison, CR Gulley, ML TI Quantitation of CMV by real-time PCR in transfusable RBC units SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS DNA; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; MARROW TRANSPLANT; PP65 ANTIGENEMIA; ENZYMATIC AMPLIFICATION; RAPID DETECTION AB BACKGROUND: CMV is one of the most significant pathogens infecting immunocompromised individuals CMV is transmissible through transfusion of blood components. The goal of this study was to measure CMV levels in RBC units using a sensitive and quantitative DNA amplification assay. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: An assay to measure CMV load was developed by using real-time PCR to target the major immediate early viral gene. A probe (TaqMan, Applied Biosystems) was used to confirm product specificity and to permit quantitation of CMV in blood samples on a sequence detection system (ABI Prism 7700, Applied Biosystems). RESULTS: The assay was shown to be accurate, linear, and sensitive to as few as five copies of CMV DNA per PCR. The assay was applied to aliquots of RBC units from 203 healthy donors, 110 of whom were seropositive for CMV. CMV DNA was not detected in any of the 203 RBC samples. CONCLUSION: The findings statistically imply that at least 98.5 percent of RBC units have a CMV load of less than 250 copies per mL. Future clinical studies on larger numbers of units are required to determine the utility of real-time PCR in evaluating the risk of CMV transmission and in confirming the efficacy of WBC reduction. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Hlth Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Gulley, ML (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol, 101 Manning Dr,Brinkhous Bullitt Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD APR PY 2002 VL 42 IS 4 BP 403 EP 408 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1438.2002.00020.x PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 550MM UT WOS:000175506900005 PM 12076285 ER PT J AU Allison, DB Gadbury, GL Heo, MS Fernandez, JR Lee, CK Prolla, TA Weindruch, R AF Allison, DB Gadbury, GL Heo, MS Fernandez, JR Lee, CK Prolla, TA Weindruch, R TI A mixture model approach for the analysis of microarray gene expression data SO COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS & DATA ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID INFERENCE; PROFILE; GROWTH; CDNA AB Microarrays have emerged as powerful tools allowing investigators to assess the expression of thousands of genes in different tissues and organisms. Statistical treatment of the resulting data remains a substantial challenge. Investigators using microarray expression studies may wish to answer questions about the statistical significance of differences in expression of any of the genes under study, avoiding false positive and false negative results. We have developed a sequence of procedures involving finite mixture modeling and bootstrap inference to address these issues in studies involving many thousands of genes. We illustrate the use of these techniques with a dataset involving calorically restricted mice. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Ctr Res Clin Nutr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Math & Stat, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Inst Human Nutr, St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, Obes Res Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Environm Toxicol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Reg Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Madison, WI USA. RI Lee, Cheol-Koo/F-2103-2013 OI Lee, Cheol-Koo/0000-0003-3927-9195; Allison, David/0000-0003-3566-9399 NR 32 TC 219 Z9 224 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9473 J9 COMPUT STAT DATA AN JI Comput. Stat. Data Anal. PD MAR 28 PY 2002 VL 39 IS 1 BP 1 EP 20 AR PII S0167-9473(01)00046-9 DI 10.1016/S0167-9473(01)00046-9 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 542CQ UT WOS:000175026300002 ER PT J AU Zile, MR Brutsaert, DL AF Zile, MR Brutsaert, DL TI New concepts in diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure: Part II - Causal mechanisms and treatment SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article ID LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; PATHOLOGICAL HYPERTROPHY; EXERCISE INTOLERANCE; CARDIAC INTERSTITIUM; MYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS; FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN; DISEASE; MATRIX; CARDIOMYOPATHY; PERFORMANCE C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Antwerp, Dept Physiol & Med, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. RP Zile, MR (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, 96 Jonathan Lucas St,Suite 816, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 53 TC 396 Z9 427 U1 1 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAR 26 PY 2002 VL 105 IS 12 BP 1503 EP 1508 DI 10.1161/hc1202.105290 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 536EC UT WOS:000174686900030 PM 11914262 ER PT J AU Zareparsi, S James, DM Kaye, JA Bird, TD Schellenberg, GD Payami, H AF Zareparsi, S James, DM Kaye, JA Bird, TD Schellenberg, GD Payami, H TI HLA-A2 homozygosity but not heterozygosity is associated with Alzheimer disease SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGE-OF-ONSET; ALLELE AB AD is associated with the A2 allele of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA). However, it is not currently known whether there is any difference between A2 homozygotes and A2 heterozygotes. The authors studied 458 patients with AD and found that A2 homozygotes had earlier onset of AD than either A2 heterozygotes (5.4 years, p = 0.002) or those without A2 (5.2 years, p = 0.003). The "recessive" nature of this association suggests that loss of function at the HLA-A locus or a closely linked gene is associated with AD. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med & Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Zareparsi, S (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,CR-131, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Kaye, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9971-3478 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05136, AG-08017, P30 AG 10133, U24 AG021886] NR 10 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD MAR 26 PY 2002 VL 58 IS 6 BP 973 EP 975 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 533BB UT WOS:000174508600028 PM 11914421 ER PT J AU Mountz, JM Zhang, HG Wu, Q Young, P REnda, J Hsu, HC Mountz, JD AF Mountz, JM Zhang, HG Wu, Q Young, P REnda, J Hsu, HC Mountz, JD TI Tc-99m NeoTect imaging in vivo of T cells from hCAR transgenic mice. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 22 PY 2002 VL 16 IS 5 BP A1211 EP A1211 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 534PC UT WOS:000174593902687 ER PT J AU Won, JS Im, YB Pannu, R Khan, M Singh, AK Inderjit, S AF Won, JS Im, YB Pannu, R Khan, M Singh, AK Inderjit, S TI The role of neutral sphingomyelinase produced ceramide in lipopolysaccharide-mediated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 22 PY 2002 VL 16 IS 5 BP A912 EP A912 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 534PC UT WOS:000174593901035 ER PT J AU Ben-Zeev, O Mao, HZ Doolittle, MH AF Ben-Zeev, O Mao, HZ Doolittle, MH TI Maturation of lipoprotein lipase in the endoplasmic reticulum - Concurrent formation of functional dimers and inactive aggregates SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN DISULFIDE-ISOMERASE; CULTURED MOUSE ADIPOCYTES; ANTI-CHAPERONE ACTIVITY; QUALITY-CONTROL; SECRETORY PATHWAY; INTRACELLULAR-TRANSPORT; TRANSIENT AGGREGATION; MOLECULAR CHAPERONES; GOLGI COMPARTMENT; TRICORN PROTEASE AB The maturation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) into a catalytically active enzyme was believed to occur only after its transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus. To test this hypothesis, LPL located in these two subcellular compartments was separated and compared. Heparin affinity chromatography resolved low affinity, inactive LPL displaying ER characteristics from a high affinity, active fraction exhibiting both ER and Golgi forms. The latter forms were further separated by beta-ricin chromatography and were found to have comparable activities per unit of LPL mass. Thus, LPL must reach a functional conformation in the ER. Active LPL, regardless of its cellular location, exhibited the expected dimer conformation. However, inactive LPL, found only in the ER, was highly aggregated. Kinetic analysis indicated a concurrent formation of LPL dimer and aggregate and indicated that the two forms have dissimilar fates. Whereas the dimer remained stable even when confined to the ER, the aggregate was degraded. Degradation rates were not affected by proteasomal or lysosomal inhibitors but were markedly reduced by ATP depletion. Lowering the redox potential in the ER by dithiothreitol caused the dimer to associate with calnexin, BiP, and protein-disulfide isomerase to form large, inactive complexes; dithiothreitol removal induced complex dissociation with restoration of the functional LPL dimer. In contrast, the LPL aggregate was only poorly associated with ER chaperones, appearing to be trapped in an irreversible, inactive conformation destined for ER degradation. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Doolittle, MH (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 113,Rm 312, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28481] NR 78 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAR 22 PY 2002 VL 277 IS 12 BP 10727 EP 10738 DI 10.1074/jbc.M108128200 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 533UR UT WOS:000174549200148 PM 11796709 ER PT J AU Hsu, HC Zhang, HG Allison, DB Young, PA Geiger, H Van Zant, G Mountz, JD AF Hsu, HC Zhang, HG Allison, DB Young, PA Geiger, H Van Zant, G Mountz, JD TI Peripheral T-cell response to anti-CD3 stimulation correlates with longevity in C57BL/6J X DBA/2 recombinant inbred strains of mice. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Kentucky, Med Ctr, Lucille P Markey Canc Ctr, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4 BP A695 EP A695 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 533MG UT WOS:000174533603860 ER PT J AU Mahadevan, K Burns, AR Smith, CW Rumbaut, RE AF Mahadevan, K Burns, AR Smith, CW Rumbaut, RE TI Influence of FMLP-stimulated neutrophil activation on endothelial cell permeability SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4 BP A509 EP A509 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 533MG UT WOS:000174533602822 ER PT J AU Mukhin, YV Garnovsky, EA Raymond, JR Garnovskaya, MN AF Mukhin, YV Garnovsky, EA Raymond, JR Garnovskaya, MN TI Bradykinin beta(2) receptor activates ERK in mIMCD-3 cells via epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 2002 VL 16 IS 4 BP A171 EP A172 PN 1 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 533MG UT WOS:000174533600956 ER PT J AU Lu, S Gu, X Hoestje, S Epner, DE AF Lu, S Gu, X Hoestje, S Epner, DE TI Identification of an additional hypoxia responsive element in the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene promoter SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION LA English DT Article DE glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH); hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1); prostatic neoplasm; hypoxia; glycolysis ID HUMAN PROSTATE-CANCER; INDUCIBLE FACTOR-1; EXPRESSION; CELLS; RAT; APOPTOSIS; PROTEIN; TISSUE AB Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a multifunctional enzyme overexpressed in many tumors and induced by hypoxia in normal and malignant cells. The degree to which hypoxia transcriptionally activates GAPDH is cell type specific. The GAPDH promoter region contains a hypoxia responsive element (HRE) consisting of a hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) consensus binding site plus adjacent sequence [Graven et al. (1999) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1447, 208-218]. Using transient transfection experiments with the GAPDH promoter region linked to a luciferase reporter gene, we found that GAPDH was transcriptionally activated by hypoxia in each of three human prostate cancer cell lines tested, with the greatest level of induction in the most differentiated cell line. Using sequence analysis of the GAPDH promoter region, we identified a novel HRE distinct from the previously characterized one that consists of two consensus HIF-1 sites arranged as inverted repeats separated by 5 bp. Hypoxia transcriptionally activated a promoter construct in which the previously characterized HRE was mutated and the novel HRE remained intact. Heterologous promoter constructs containing only one or two copies of the novel HRE plus a minimal promoter consisting of a TATA box drove hypoxia inducible expression of the luciferase reporter gene in transient transfection assays. Mutation of HIF-1 sites within the novel HRE resulted in complete loss of function. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Epner, DE (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R29 CA78355] NR 24 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4781 J9 BBA-GENE STRUCT EXPR JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Gene Struct. Expression PD MAR 19 PY 2002 VL 1574 IS 2 BP 152 EP 156 AR PII S0167-4781(01)00359-1 DI 10.1016/S0167-4781(01)00359-1 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 547EX UT WOS:000175321000005 PM 11955624 ER PT J AU Victal, OA Teerlink, JR Gaxiola, E Wallace, AW Najar, S Camacho, DH Gutierrez, A Herrera, G Zuniga, G Mercado-Rios, F Ratcliffe, MB AF Victal, OA Teerlink, JR Gaxiola, E Wallace, AW Najar, S Camacho, DH Gutierrez, A Herrera, G Zuniga, G Mercado-Rios, F Ratcliffe, MB TI Left ventricular volume reduction by radiofrequency heating of chronic myocardial infarction in patients with congestive heart failure SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE heart failure; myocardial infarction; remodeling; surgery; cardiac volume ID COLLAGENOUS TISSUE; DOUBLE-BLIND; DYSFUNCTION; CAPTOPRIL; SURVIVAL; MECHANICS; SHRINKAGE; MORTALITY; TRIALS AB Background-Myocardial infarct expansion and left ventricular (LV) remodeling are integral components in the evolution of chronic heart failure and predict morbidity and mortality. Radiofrequency (RF) heating and patch placement of chronic LV aneurysms caused a sustained reduction in LV infarct area and volume in an ovine infarct model. This study evaluated the effect of RF heating and epicardial patch as an adjunct to coronary artery bypass graft on LV volumes in patients with prior myocardial infarction. evidence of akinetic/dyskinetic scar, and LV ejection fraction less than or equal to40%. Methods and Results-Ten patients (3 female: mean age. 64 +/- 11 years) scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft were enrolled (Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina class 2.1 +/- 1.1; New York Heart Association class 3.1 +/- 0.5). Intraoperative digital photography demonstrated an acute 39% reduction in infarct area (n=5 P=0.01), and transesophageal ECGs demonstrated a 16% acute reduction in LV end-diastolic volumes (n=9: P=0.002) after RF treatment. There were no intraoperative or procedure-related postoperative complications, and during an average follow-up of >180 days, there have been no safety issues. All patients had complete relief of their angina and improvement in exercise tolerance. Serial transthoracic ECGs over the 6 months of follow-up after RF treatment demonstrated persistent reductions in LV end-diastolic volume (29%: P<0.0001) and LV end-systolic volume (37%; P<0.0001) with improved ejection fraction (P<0.02). Conclusions-RF heating and patch placement in these 10 patients resulted in acute reduction in infarct area and ventricular volumes that were maintained 180 days after procedure. This technique may reduce the incidence of congestive heart failure and mortality in these patients and warrants investigation in larger clinical trials. C1 San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Anesthesiol, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Cardiothorac Surg, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Social Secur Hosp, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Ratcliffe, MB (reprint author), San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, 112D,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RI Teerlink, John/D-2986-2012 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAR 19 PY 2002 VL 105 IS 11 BP 1317 EP 1322 DI 10.1161/hc1102.105566 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 533NA UT WOS:000174535500011 PM 11901042 ER PT J AU Zile, MR Brutsaert, DL AF Zile, MR Brutsaert, DL TI New concepts in diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure: Part I Diagnosis, prognosis, and measurements of diastolic function SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Editorial Material DE heart failure; diastole; systole ID VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC FUNCTION; DOPPLER-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS; CARDIAC INTERSTITIUM; NATURAL-HISTORY; MATRIX; DISEASE; HEALTH C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Univ Antwerp, Dept Physiol, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. Univ Antwerp, Dept Med, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. RP Zile, MR (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, 96 Jonathan Lucas St,Suite 816, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 53 TC 621 Z9 683 U1 2 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAR 19 PY 2002 VL 105 IS 11 BP 1387 EP 1393 DI 10.1161/hc1102.105289 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 533NA UT WOS:000174535500022 PM 11901053 ER PT J AU Lorberbaum, JP Newman, JD Horwitz, AR Dubno, JR Lydiard, RB Hamner, MB Bohning, DE George, MS AF Lorberbaum, JP Newman, JD Horwitz, AR Dubno, JR Lydiard, RB Hamner, MB Bohning, DE George, MS TI A potential role for thalamocingulate circuitry in human maternal behavior SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE maternal behavior; infant crying; brain imaging; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human; auditory perception ID MEDIAL PREOPTIC AREA; RIGHT-HEMISPHERE; LACTATING RATS; PERIPEDUNCULAR NUCLEUS; PERIAQUEDUCTAL GRAY; AUDITORY-CORTEX; BRAIN ACTIVITY; FEMALE RATS; C-FOS; LESIONS AB Background: Little is known about the regional brain basis of human. maternal behavior. To understand this better, we have been examining brain activity in mothers listening to infant cries. Methods: We measured functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging brain activity in healthy, breastfeeding first-time mothers with young infants while they listened to infant cries, white noise control sounds, and a rest condition. Based on the thalamocingulate theory of maternal behavior and pilot work, we hypothesized that the cingulate, medial thalamus, medial prefrontal cortex, and right orbitofrontal cortex would display more activity with infant cries than with white noise (comparison 1) and would uniquely activate with the cries, meaning that these regions would display activity with cry minus rest but not with white noise minus rest (comparison 2). Results: In hypothesized regions, the group displayed more activity in the medial thalamus, medial prefrontal and right orbitofrontal cortices with both comparisons. The anterior and posterior cingulate cortex displayed more activity only with comparison 1. In non-hypothesized brain regions, several other structures thought important in rodent maternal behavior displayed activity with both comparisons including the midbrain, hypothalamus, dorsal and ventral striatum, and vicinity of the lateral septal region. Conclusions: Our results partially support our hypotheses and are generally consistent with neuroanatomical studies of rodent maternal behavior. (C) 2002 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NICHHD, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Lorberbaum, JP (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS 40259] NR 77 TC 176 Z9 178 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD MAR 15 PY 2002 VL 51 IS 6 BP 431 EP 445 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01284-7 PG 15 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 537CD UT WOS:000174739000001 PM 11922877 ER PT J AU Wallner, K AF Wallner, K TI MR imaging for prostate cancer staging: Beauty or beast? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID EXTENSION C1 Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Wallner, K (reprint author), Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 2002 VL 52 IS 4 BP 886 EP 887 AR PII S0360-3016(01)02737-7 DI 10.1016/S0360-3016(01)02737-7 PG 2 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 529UQ UT WOS:000174318500002 PM 11958879 ER PT J AU Heinrich, MC Blanke, CD Druker, BJ Corless, CL AF Heinrich, MC Blanke, CD Druker, BJ Corless, CL TI Inhibition of KIT tyrosine kinase activity: A novel molecular approach to the treatment of KIT-positive malignancies SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Review ID GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS; STEM-CELL FACTOR; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; PROTOONCOGENE C-KIT; GROWTH-FACTOR; IN-VIVO; LUNG-CANCER; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ACTIVATING MUTATION; PHOSPHATASE SHP-1 AB Purpose: Activation of the KIT tyrosine kinase by somatic mutation has been documented in a number of human malignancies, including gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), seminoma, acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and mastocytosis. In addition, paracrine or autocrine activation of this kinase has been postulated in numerous other malignancies, including small-cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer. In this review, we discuss the rationale for and development of KIT tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of human malignancies. Materials and Methods: Studies were identified through a MEDLINE search, review of bibliographies of relevant articles, and review of abstracts from national meetings. Results: Four tyrosine kinase inhibitors that have activity against KIT are currently being used in clinical trials, and one, ST1571, has recently been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for treating patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. The role of KIT inhibitors in treating KIT-positive malignancies is reviewed. Conclusion: Targeted therapy to inhibit the kinase activity of KIT is a rational approach to the treatment of KIT-positive malignancies. Two key factors are the potency of a given inhibitor and the relative contribution of KIT activation to the growth of the tumor. Given our current understanding of KIT activity in human malignancy, the best candidate diseases for treatment with KIT inhibitors are GIST, mastocytosis, seminoma and possibly some cases of AML. Additionally, KIT inhibitors may play an adjunctive role in diseases such as small-cell lung cancer, in which KIT activation is secondary to ligand binding rather than an acquired mutation. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Heinrich, MC (reprint author), R&D-19 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 133 TC 446 Z9 476 U1 2 U2 22 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAR 15 PY 2002 VL 20 IS 6 BP 1692 EP 1703 DI 10.1200/JCO.20.6.1692 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 534QF UT WOS:000174597100037 PM 11896121 ER EF