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<drugbank xmlns="http://www.drugbank.ca" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.drugbank.ca http://www.drugbank.ca/docs/drugbank.xsd" version="5.1" exported-on="2018-07-03">
<drug type="small molecule" created="2005-06-13" updated="2024-03-13">
  <drugbank-id primary="true">DB00006</drugbank-id>
  <drugbank-id>BTD00076</drugbank-id>
  <drugbank-id>EXPT03302</drugbank-id>
  <drugbank-id>BIOD00076</drugbank-id>
  <drugbank-id>DB02351</drugbank-id>
  <name>Bivalirudin</name>
  <description>Bivalirudin is a synthetic 20 residue peptide (thrombin inhibitor) which reversibly inhibits thrombin. Once bound to the active site, thrombin cannot activate fibrinogen into fibrin, the crucial step in the formation of thrombus. It is administered intravenously. Because it can cause blood stagnation, it is important to monitor changes in hematocrit, activated partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio and blood pressure.</description>
  <cas-number>128270-60-0</cas-number>
  <unii>TN9BEX005G</unii>
  <average-mass>2180.2853</average-mass>
  <monoisotopic-mass>2178.985813062</monoisotopic-mass>
  <state>solid</state>
  <groups>
    <group>approved</group>
    <group>investigational</group>
  </groups>
  <general-references>
    <articles>
      <article>
        <ref-id>A17</ref-id>
        <pubmed-id>16466327</pubmed-id>
        <citation>Seybert AL, Coons JC, Zerumsky K: Treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: is there a role for bivalirudin? Pharmacotherapy. 2006 Feb;26(2):229-41.</citation>
      </article>
      <article>
        <ref-id>A18</ref-id>
        <pubmed-id>17381384</pubmed-id>
        <citation>Dager WE, Dougherty JA, Nguyen PH, Militello MA, Smythe MA: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: treatment options and special considerations. Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Apr;27(4):564-87.</citation>
      </article>
      <article>
        <ref-id>A19</ref-id>
        <pubmed-id>16553503</pubmed-id>
        <citation>Dang CH, Durkalski VL, Nappi JM: Evaluation of treatment with direct thrombin inhibitors in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Pharmacotherapy. 2006 Apr;26(4):461-8.</citation>
      </article>
      <article>
        <ref-id>A20</ref-id>
        <pubmed-id>11156732</pubmed-id>
        <citation>Robson R: The use of bivalirudin in patients with renal impairment. J Invasive Cardiol. 2000 Dec;12 Suppl F:33F-6.</citation>
      </article>
      <article>
        <ref-id>A21</ref-id>
        <pubmed-id>21108549</pubmed-id>
        <citation>Van De Car DA, Rao SV, Ohman EM: Bivalirudin: a review of the pharmacology and clinical application. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2010 Dec;8(12):1673-81. doi: 10.1586/erc.10.158.</citation>
      </article>
      <article>
        <ref-id>A22</ref-id>
        <pubmed-id>16614733</pubmed-id>
        <citation>Shammas NW: Bivalirudin: pharmacology and clinical applications. Cardiovasc Drug Rev. 2005 Winter;23(4):345-60.</citation>
      </article>
      <article>
        <ref-id>A23</ref-id>
        <pubmed-id>12851152</pubmed-id>
        <citation>Gleason TG, Chengelis CP, Jackson CB, Lindstrom P: A 24-hour continuous infusion study of bivalirudin in the rat. Int J Toxicol. 2003 May-Jun;22(3):195-206.</citation>
      </article>
    </articles>
    <textbooks/>
    <links/>
    <attachments/>
  </general-references>
  <synthesis-reference>Avi Tovi, Chaim Eidelman, Shimon Shushan, Alon Hagi, Alexander Ivchenko, Gabriel-Marcus Butilca, Leah Bar-Oz, Tehila Gadi, Gil Zaovi, "Process for production of Bivalirudin." U.S. Patent US20070093423, issued April 26, 2007.</synthesis-reference>
  <indication>For treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and for the prevention of thrombosis. Bivalirudin is indicated for use in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), in patients at moderate to high risk acute coronary syndromes due to unstable angina or non-ST segment elevation in whom a PCI is planned.</indication>
  <pharmacodynamics>Bivalirudin mediates an inhibitory action on thrombin by directly and specifically binding to both the catalytic site and anion-binding exosite of circulating and clot-bound thrombin. The action of bivalirudin is reversible because thrombin will slowly cleave the thrombin-bivalirudin bond which recovers the active site of thrombin. </pharmacodynamics>
  <mechanism-of-action>Inhibits the action of thrombin by binding both to its catalytic site and to its anion-binding exosite. Thrombin is a serine proteinase that plays a central role in the thrombotic process, acting to cleave fibrinogen into fibrin monomers and to activate Factor XIII to Factor XIIIa, allowing fibrin to develop a covalently cross-linked framework which stabilizes the thrombus; thrombin also activates Factors V and VIII, promoting further thrombin generation, and activates platelets, stimulating aggregation and granule release.</mechanism-of-action>
  <toxicity>Based on a study by Gleason et al., the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for bivalirudin, administered to rats via intravenous infusion over a 24-hour period, was 2000 mg/kg/24 h.</toxicity>
  <metabolism>80% proteolytic cleavage</metabolism>
  <absorption>Following intravenous administration, bivalirudin exhibits linear pharmacokinetics.  The mean steady state concentration is 12.3 +/- 1.7mcg/mL after administration of an intravenous bolus of 1mg/kg followd by a 2.5mg/kg/hr intravenous infusion given over 4 hours.</absorption>
  <half-life>* Normal renal function: 25 min (in normal conditions)&#13;
* Creatinine clearance 10-29mL/min: 57min&#13;
* Dialysis-dependant patients: 3.5h</half-life>
  <protein-binding>Other than thrombin and red blood cells, bivalirudin does not bind to plasma proteins.</protein-binding>
  <route-of-elimination>Bivalirudin is cleared from plasma by a combination of renal mechanisms (20%) and proteolytic cleavage.</route-of-elimination>
  <volume-of-distribution>0.2L/kg</volume-of-distribution>
  <clearance>* 3.4 mL/min/kg [Normal renal function]&#13;
* 3.4 mL/min/kg [mild renal function]&#13;
* 2.7 mL/min/kg [moderate renal function]&#13;
* 2.8 mL/min/kg [severe renal function]&#13;
* 1 mL/min/kg [Dialysis-dependent patients]</clearance>
  <classification>
    <description>This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as polypeptides. These are peptides containing ten or more amino acid residues.</description>
    <direct-parent>Polypeptides</direct-parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <superclass>Organic Polymers</superclass>
    <class>Polypeptides</class>
    <subclass/>
    <alternative-parent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Alpha amino acid amides</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Amino acids</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Amphetamines and derivatives</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Aralkylamines</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Asparagine and derivatives</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Aspartic acid and derivatives</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Azacyclic compounds</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Carboximidamides</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Glutamic acid and derivatives</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Guanidines</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Hexacarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Imines</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Isoleucine and derivatives</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Leucine and derivatives</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Monoalkylamines</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>N-acyl amines</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acids</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>N-acylpyrrolidines</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Organic oxides</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Peptides</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Phenylalanine and derivatives</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Primary carboxylic acid amides</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Proline and derivatives</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Pyrrolidinecarboxamides</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Secondary carboxylic acid amides</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Tertiary carboxylic acid amides</alternative-parent>
    <alternative-parent>Tyrosine and derivatives</alternative-parent>
    <substituent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
    <substituent>Alpha peptide</substituent>
    <substituent>Alpha-amino acid amide</substituent>
    <substituent>Alpha-amino acid or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Amine</substituent>
    <substituent>Amino acid</substituent>
    <substituent>Amino acid or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Amphetamine or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Aralkylamine</substituent>
    <substituent>Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound</substituent>
    <substituent>Asparagine or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Aspartic acid or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Azacycle</substituent>
    <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
    <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
    <substituent>Carboxamide group</substituent>
    <substituent>Carboximidamide</substituent>
    <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
    <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
    <substituent>Fatty acyl</substituent>
    <substituent>Fatty amide</substituent>
    <substituent>Glutamic acid or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Guanidine</substituent>
    <substituent>Hexacarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
    <substituent>Imine</substituent>
    <substituent>Isoleucine or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Leucine or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
    <substituent>N-acyl-alpha amino acid or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>N-acyl-alpha-amino acid</substituent>
    <substituent>N-acyl-amine</substituent>
    <substituent>N-acyl-l-alpha-amino acid</substituent>
    <substituent>N-acylpyrrolidine</substituent>
    <substituent>N-substituted-alpha-amino acid</substituent>
    <substituent>Organic nitrogen compound</substituent>
    <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
    <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
    <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
    <substituent>Organonitrogen compound</substituent>
    <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
    <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
    <substituent>Phenol</substituent>
    <substituent>Phenylalanine or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Polypeptide</substituent>
    <substituent>Primary aliphatic amine</substituent>
    <substituent>Primary amine</substituent>
    <substituent>Primary carboxylic acid amide</substituent>
    <substituent>Proline or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Pyrrolidine</substituent>
    <substituent>Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
    <substituent>Pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide</substituent>
    <substituent>Secondary carboxylic acid amide</substituent>
    <substituent>Tertiary carboxylic acid amide</substituent>
    <substituent>Tyrosine or derivatives</substituent>
  </classification>
  <salts/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym language="english" coder="inn/usan">Bivalirudin</synonym>
    <synonym language="spanish" coder="">Bivalirudina</synonym>
    <synonym language="latin" coder="">Bivalirudinum</synonym>
  </synonyms>
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    <product>
      <name>Angiomax</name>
      <labeller>Cardinal Health</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>55154-2275</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2000-12-15</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2014-04-30</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA020873</fda-application-number>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Angiomax</name>
      <labeller>The Medicines Company</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>65293-001</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2000-12-15</started-marketing-on>
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      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA020873</fda-application-number>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Angiomax</name>
      <labeller>Sandoz Inc</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>0781-3447</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2019-08-01</started-marketing-on>
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      <dosage-form>Injection</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA020873</fda-application-number>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
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    <product>
      <name>Angiomax</name>
      <labeller>Sandoz Canada Incorporated</labeller>
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      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id>02246533</dpd-id>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2003-05-08</started-marketing-on>
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      <dosage-form>Powder, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg / vial</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>Canada</country>
      <source>DPD</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Angiomax RTU</name>
      <labeller>MAIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>70511-141</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2019-08-08</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA211215</fda-application-number>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Angiox</name>
      <labeller>The Medicines Company</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code>EMEA/H/C/000562</ema-product-code>
      <ema-ma-number>EU/1/04/289/001</ema-ma-number>
      <started-marketing-on>2020-12-16</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2018-09-14</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form/>
      <strength>250 mg</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>false</approved>
      <country>EU</country>
      <source>EMA</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Accord Healthcare, Inc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>16729-275</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2018-11-07</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/5mL</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA206551</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Cipla USA Inc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>69097-601</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2018-07-16</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA091602</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Mylan Institutional LLC</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>67457-256</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2018-06-05</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/5mL</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA202471</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Eugia US LLC</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>55150-210</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2018-07-27</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA205962</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>55111-652</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2017-05-31</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intracavernous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA201577</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Sandoz Inc</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>0781-3158</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2015-06-15</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA020873</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Sandoz Inc</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>0781-9158</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2015-10-23</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA020873</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Hainan Shuangcheng Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>52958-034</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2019-10-23</started-marketing-on>
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      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA210031</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Athenex Pharmaceutical Division, Llc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>70860-402</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2019-11-30</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2025-05-31</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA210031</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>63323-562</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2017-10-30</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA090189</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Apotex Corp</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>60505-6101</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2017-07-17</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2021-03-01</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA204876</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Hospira, Inc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>0409-8300</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2015-10-05</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA090816</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Sagent Pharmaceuticals</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>25021-405</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2019-01-15</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2019-01-15</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA091602</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Meitheal Pharmaceuticals Inc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>71288-427</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2018-07-16</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/5mL</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA091602</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Civica, Inc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>72572-035</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2020-12-21</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA020873</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Slate Run Pharmaceuticals, Llc</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>70436-025</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2021-06-30</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for suspension</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA213078</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Sandoz Canada Incorporated</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id>02450402</dpd-id>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on/>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Powder, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg / vial</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>Canada</country>
      <source>DPD</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Par Pharmaceutical, Inc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>42023-622</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2023-06-19</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA211215</fda-application-number>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Avenacy, Inc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>83634-400</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2023-12-18</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>ANDA210031</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <labeller>Pharma Packaging Solutions, LLC dba Tjoapack LLC</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>75929-217</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2020-12-21</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA020873</fda-application-number>
      <generic>true</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin for Injection</name>
      <labeller>Fresenius Kabi</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id>02435268</dpd-id>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2019-04-23</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Powder, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg / vial</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>Canada</country>
      <source>DPD</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin for Injection</name>
      <labeller>Juno Pharmaceuticals Corp.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id>02511452</dpd-id>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2023-05-01</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Powder, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg / vial</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>Canada</country>
      <source>DPD</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin for Injection</name>
      <labeller>Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id>02518643</dpd-id>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on/>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Powder, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg / vial</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>Canada</country>
      <source>DPD</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin for Injection</name>
      <labeller>Formative Pharma Inc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id>02539586</dpd-id>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on/>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Powder, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg / vial</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>Canada</country>
      <source>DPD</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin in 0.9% Sodium Chloride</name>
      <labeller>Baxter Healthcare Corporation</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>0338-9572</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2017-12-21</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection</dosage-form>
      <strength>250 mg/50mL</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA208374</fda-application-number>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin in 0.9% Sodium Chloride</name>
      <labeller>Baxter Healthcare Corporation</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>0338-9576</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2017-12-21</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Injection</dosage-form>
      <strength>500 mg/100mL</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA208374</fda-application-number>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin Injection</name>
      <labeller>Avir Pharma Inc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id>02505517</dpd-id>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2021-03-05</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on/>
      <dosage-form>Solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>5 mg / mL</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>Canada</country>
      <source>DPD</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Bivalirudin RTU</name>
      <labeller>Athenex Pharmaceutical Division, Llc.</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>70860-403</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2020-03-01</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2024-06-26</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form>Injection, solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>5 mg/1mL</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA211215</fda-application-number>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
  </products>
  <international-brands>
    <international-brand>
      <name>Angiox</name>
      <company/>
    </international-brand>
    <international-brand>
      <name>Hirulog</name>
      <company/>
    </international-brand>
  </international-brands>
  <mixtures/>
  <packagers>
    <packager>
      <name>Ben Venue Laboratories Inc.</name>
      <url>http://www.benvenue.com</url>
    </packager>
    <packager>
      <name>Oryx Pharmaceuticals Inc.</name>
      <url/>
    </packager>
    <packager>
      <name>Sepracor Pharmaceuticals Inc.</name>
      <url>http://www.sepracor.com</url>
    </packager>
    <packager>
      <name>The Medicines Co.</name>
      <url>http://www.themedicinescompany.com</url>
    </packager>
  </packagers>
  <manufacturers>
    <manufacturer generic="false" url="">The medicines co</manufacturer>
  </manufacturers>
  <prices>
    <price>
      <description>Angiomax 250 mg vial</description>
      <cost currency="USD">780.0</cost>
      <unit>vial</unit>
    </price>
  </prices>
  <categories>
    <category>
      <category>Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins</category>
      <mesh-id>D000602</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Anticoagulants</category>
      <mesh-id>D000925</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Antithrombins</category>
      <mesh-id>D000991</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Blood and Blood Forming Organs</category>
      <mesh-id/>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Enzyme Inhibitors</category>
      <mesh-id>D004791</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Hematologic Agents</category>
      <mesh-id>D006401</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Peptides</category>
      <mesh-id>D010455</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Protease Inhibitors</category>
      <mesh-id>D011480</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Serine Protease Inhibitors</category>
      <mesh-id>D015842</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Thrombin Inhibitors</category>
      <mesh-id/>
    </category>
  </categories>
  <affected-organisms>
    <affected-organism>Humans and other mammals</affected-organism>
  </affected-organisms>
  <dosages>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection, solution</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>250 mg</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form/>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>250 mg</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection, powder, for solution</form>
      <route>Intravenous bolus</route>
      <strength>250 MG</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection</form>
      <route>Intracavernous</route>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>250 mg/5mL</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for suspension</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>250 mg/1</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength/>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Powder, for solution</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>250 mg / vial</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>250 mg/50mL</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>500 mg/100mL</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Solution</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>5 mg / mL</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection, solution</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>5 mg/1mL</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Powder</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>250 MG</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Powder</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength/>
    </dosage>
  </dosages>
  <atc-codes>
    <atc-code code="B01AE06">
      <level code="B01AE">Direct thrombin inhibitors</level>
      <level code="B01A">ANTITHROMBOTIC AGENTS</level>
      <level code="B01">ANTITHROMBOTIC AGENTS</level>
      <level code="B">BLOOD AND BLOOD FORMING ORGANS</level>
    </atc-code>
  </atc-codes>
  <ahfs-codes/>
  <pdb-entries/>
  <fda-label>//s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/drugbank/fda_labels/DB00006.pdf?1265922803</fda-label>
  <patents>
    <patent>
      <number>5196404</number>
      <country>United States</country>
      <approved>1993-03-23</approved>
      <expires>2010-05-23</expires>
      <pediatric-extension>false</pediatric-extension>
    </patent>
    <patent>
      <number>2065150</number>
      <country>Canada</country>
      <approved>1999-12-14</approved>
      <expires>2010-08-17</expires>
      <pediatric-extension>false</pediatric-extension>
    </patent>
    <patent>
      <number>7598343</number>
      <country>United States</country>
      <approved>2009-10-06</approved>
      <expires>2029-01-27</expires>
      <pediatric-extension>true</pediatric-extension>
    </patent>
    <patent>
      <number>7582727</number>
      <country>United States</country>
      <approved>2009-09-01</approved>
      <expires>2029-01-27</expires>
      <pediatric-extension>true</pediatric-extension>
    </patent>
  </patents>
  <food-interactions>
    <food-interaction>Avoid echinacea.</food-interaction>
    <food-interaction>Avoid herbs and supplements with anticoagulant/antiplatelet activity. Examples include garlic, ginger, bilberry, danshen, piracetam, and ginkgo biloba.</food-interaction>
  </food-interactions>
  <drug-interactions>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06605</drugbank-id>
      <name>Apixaban</name>
      <description>Apixaban may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06695</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dabigatran etexilate</name>
      <description>Dabigatran etexilate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01254</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dasatinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Dasatinib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01609</drugbank-id>
      <name>Deferasirox</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of gastrointestinal bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Deferasirox.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01586</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ursodeoxycholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ursodeoxycholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02123</drugbank-id>
      <name>Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02659</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cholic Acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Cholic Acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02691</drugbank-id>
      <name>Glycocholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Glycocholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB03619</drugbank-id>
      <name>Deoxycholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Deoxycholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04348</drugbank-id>
      <name>Taurocholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Taurocholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05990</drugbank-id>
      <name>Obeticholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Obeticholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06777</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chenodeoxycholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Chenodeoxycholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08833</drugbank-id>
      <name>Taurochenodeoxycholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Taurochenodeoxycholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08834</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tauroursodeoxycholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Tauroursodeoxycholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08857</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bamet-UD2</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Bamet-UD2.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11622</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dehydrocholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Dehydrocholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11789</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hyodeoxycholic Acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Hyodeoxycholic Acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09075</drugbank-id>
      <name>Edoxaban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Edoxaban is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09053</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ibrutinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ibrutinib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08935</drugbank-id>
      <name>Obinutuzumab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Obinutuzumab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06228</drugbank-id>
      <name>Rivaroxaban</name>
      <description>Bivalirudin may increase the anticoagulant activities of Rivaroxaban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06206</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sugammadex</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Sugammadex.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09070</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tibolone</name>
      <description>Tibolone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00932</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tipranavir</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tipranavir is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00013</drugbank-id>
      <name>Urokinase</name>
      <description>Urokinase may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00163</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vitamin E</name>
      <description>Vitamin E may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09030</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vorapaxar</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Vorapaxar is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01381</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ginkgo biloba</name>
      <description>Ginkgo biloba may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01181</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ifosfamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ifosfamide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00468</drugbank-id>
      <name>Quinine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be increased when used in combination with Quinine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00908</drugbank-id>
      <name>Quinidine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be increased when used in combination with Quinidine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00675</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tamoxifen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Tamoxifen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00539</drugbank-id>
      <name>Toremifene</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Toremifene is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00806</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pentoxifylline</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be increased when used in combination with Pentoxifylline.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00686</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pentosan polysulfate</name>
      <description>Pentosan polysulfate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00583</drugbank-id>
      <name>Levocarnitine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be increased when used in combination with Levocarnitine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00255</drugbank-id>
      <name>Diethylstilbestrol</name>
      <description>Diethylstilbestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00269</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chlorotrianisene</name>
      <description>Chlorotrianisene may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00286</drugbank-id>
      <name>Conjugated estrogens</name>
      <description>Conjugated estrogens may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01357</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mestranol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mestranol is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04574</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estrone sulfate</name>
      <description>Estrone sulfate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04575</drugbank-id>
      <name>Quinestrol</name>
      <description>Quinestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07931</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hexestrol</name>
      <description>Hexestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09317</drugbank-id>
      <name>Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A</name>
      <description>Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09318</drugbank-id>
      <name>Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, B</name>
      <description>Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, B may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09369</drugbank-id>
      <name>Polyestradiol phosphate</name>
      <description>Polyestradiol phosphate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09381</drugbank-id>
      <name>Esterified estrogens</name>
      <description>Esterified estrogens may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11478</drugbank-id>
      <name>Zeranol</name>
      <description>Zeranol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11674</drugbank-id>
      <name>Equol</name>
      <description>Equol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13143</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methallenestril</name>
      <description>Methallenestril may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13386</drugbank-id>
      <name>Epimestrol</name>
      <description>Epimestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13418</drugbank-id>
      <name>Moxestrol</name>
      <description>Moxestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13952</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estradiol acetate</name>
      <description>Estradiol acetate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13953</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estradiol benzoate</name>
      <description>Estradiol benzoate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13954</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estradiol cypionate</name>
      <description>Estradiol cypionate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13956</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estradiol valerate</name>
      <description>Estradiol valerate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15334</drugbank-id>
      <name>Biochanin A</name>
      <description>Biochanin A may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15335</drugbank-id>
      <name>Formononetin</name>
      <description>Formononetin may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04573</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estriol</name>
      <description>Estriol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09211</drugbank-id>
      <name>Limaprost</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Limaprost is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00159</drugbank-id>
      <name>Icosapent</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Icosapent is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00244</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mesalazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Mesalazine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00328</drugbank-id>
      <name>Indomethacin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Indomethacin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00461</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nabumetone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Nabumetone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00465</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ketorolac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ketorolac is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00469</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tenoxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tenoxicam is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00482</drugbank-id>
      <name>Celecoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Celecoxib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00500</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tolmetin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tolmetin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00533</drugbank-id>
      <name>Rofecoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Rofecoxib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00554</drugbank-id>
      <name>Piroxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Piroxicam is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00573</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fenoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Fenoprofen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00580</drugbank-id>
      <name>Valdecoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Valdecoxib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00586</drugbank-id>
      <name>Diclofenac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Diclofenac is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00605</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sulindac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Sulindac is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00712</drugbank-id>
      <name>Flurbiprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Flurbiprofen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00749</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etodolac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Etodolac is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00784</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mefenamic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Mefenamic acid is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00788</drugbank-id>
      <name>Naproxen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00795</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sulfasalazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Sulfasalazine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00812</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenylbutazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Phenylbutazone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00814</drugbank-id>
      <name>Meloxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Meloxicam is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00821</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Carprofen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00861</drugbank-id>
      <name>Diflunisal</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Diflunisal is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00936</drugbank-id>
      <name>Salicylic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Salicylic acid is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00939</drugbank-id>
      <name>Meclofenamic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Meclofenamic acid is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00991</drugbank-id>
      <name>Oxaprozin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Oxaprozin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01009</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ketoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ketoprofen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01014</drugbank-id>
      <name>Balsalazide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Balsalazide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01250</drugbank-id>
      <name>Olsalazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Olsalazine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01283</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lumiracoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Lumiracoxib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01397</drugbank-id>
      <name>Magnesium salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Magnesium salicylate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01399</drugbank-id>
      <name>Salsalate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Salsalate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01401</drugbank-id>
      <name>Choline magnesium trisalicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Choline magnesium trisalicylate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01419</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antrafenine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Antrafenine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01424</drugbank-id>
      <name>Aminophenazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Aminophenazone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01435</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antipyrine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Antipyrine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01600</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tiaprofenic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tiaprofenic acid is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01628</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etoricoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Etoricoxib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02224</drugbank-id>
      <name>Taxifolin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Taxifolin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB03585</drugbank-id>
      <name>Oxyphenbutazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Oxyphenbutazone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04725</drugbank-id>
      <name>Licofelone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Licofelone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04812</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benoxaprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Benoxaprofen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04828</drugbank-id>
      <name>Zomepirac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Zomepirac is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05095</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cimicoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Cimicoxib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06725</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lornoxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Lornoxicam is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06736</drugbank-id>
      <name>Aceclofenac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Aceclofenac is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06737</drugbank-id>
      <name>Zaltoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Zaltoprofen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07402</drugbank-id>
      <name>Azapropazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Azapropazone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08439</drugbank-id>
      <name>Parecoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Parecoxib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08797</drugbank-id>
      <name>Salicylamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Salicylamide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08940</drugbank-id>
      <name>Kebuzone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Kebuzone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08942</drugbank-id>
      <name>Isoxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Isoxicam is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08951</drugbank-id>
      <name>Indoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Indoprofen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08955</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ibuproxam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ibuproxam is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08976</drugbank-id>
      <name>Floctafenine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Floctafenine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08981</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fenbufen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Fenbufen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08984</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etofenamate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Etofenamate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08991</drugbank-id>
      <name>Epirizole</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Epirizole is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09084</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benzydamine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Benzydamine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09214</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dexketoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Dexketoprofen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09215</drugbank-id>
      <name>Droxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Droxicam is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09216</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tolfenamic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tolfenamic acid is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09217</drugbank-id>
      <name>Firocoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Firocoxib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09218</drugbank-id>
      <name>Clonixin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Clonixin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09285</drugbank-id>
      <name>Morniflumate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Morniflumate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09288</drugbank-id>
      <name>Propacetamol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Propacetamol is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09295</drugbank-id>
      <name>Talniflumate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Talniflumate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11455</drugbank-id>
      <name>Robenacoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Robenacoxib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11466</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tepoxalin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tepoxalin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11518</drugbank-id>
      <name>Flunixin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Flunixin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12399</drugbank-id>
      <name>Polmacoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Polmacoxib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12610</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ebselen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ebselen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13001</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tinoridine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tinoridine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13167</drugbank-id>
      <name>Alclofenac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Alclofenac is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13217</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fentiazac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Fentiazac is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13232</drugbank-id>
      <name>Suxibuzone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Suxibuzone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13286</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bumadizone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Bumadizone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13314</drugbank-id>
      <name>Alminoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Alminoprofen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13371</drugbank-id>
      <name>Difenpiramide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Difenpiramide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13407</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nifenazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Nifenazone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13432</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lonazolac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Lonazolac is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13481</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tenidap</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tenidap is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13524</drugbank-id>
      <name>Propyphenazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Propyphenazone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13527</drugbank-id>
      <name>Proglumetacin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Proglumetacin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13538</drugbank-id>
      <name>Guacetisal</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Guacetisal is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13544</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ethenzamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ethenzamide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13612</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carbaspirin calcium</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Carbaspirin calcium is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13629</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mofebutazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Mofebutazone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13649</drugbank-id>
      <name>Proquazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Proquazone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13657</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benorilate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Benorilate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13722</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pirprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Pirprofen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13860</drugbank-id>
      <name>Imidazole salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Imidazole salicylate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14059</drugbank-id>
      <name>SC-236</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when SC-236 is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14060</drugbank-id>
      <name>NS-398</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when NS-398 is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14938</drugbank-id>
      <name>Flurbiprofen axetil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Flurbiprofen axetil is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09212</drugbank-id>
      <name>Loxoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Loxoprofen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04552</drugbank-id>
      <name>Niflumic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Niflumic acid is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04865</drugbank-id>
      <name>Omacetaxine mepesuccinate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11133</drugbank-id>
      <name>Omega-3 fatty acids</name>
      <description>Omega-3 fatty acids may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00081</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tositumomab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Tositumomab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00048</drugbank-id>
      <name>Collagenase clostridium histolyticum</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Collagenase clostridium histolyticum.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00389</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carbimazole</name>
      <description>Carbimazole may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00550</drugbank-id>
      <name>Propylthiouracil</name>
      <description>Propylthiouracil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00763</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methimazole</name>
      <description>Methimazole may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB03374</drugbank-id>
      <name>3,5-Diiodotyrosine</name>
      <description>3,5-Diiodotyrosine may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06715</drugbank-id>
      <name>Potassium Iodide</name>
      <description>Potassium Iodide may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07637</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dibromotyrosine</name>
      <description>Dibromotyrosine may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09418</drugbank-id>
      <name>Potassium perchlorate</name>
      <description>Potassium perchlorate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13644</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methylthiouracil</name>
      <description>Methylthiouracil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13804</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benzylthiouracil</name>
      <description>Benzylthiouracil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04066</drugbank-id>
      <name>p-Coumaric acid</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with p-Coumaric acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04682</drugbank-id>
      <name>Octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05830</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trestolone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Trestolone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06266</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lonidamine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Lonidamine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08867</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ulipristal</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ulipristal.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11507</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cloprostenol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cloprostenol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12025</drugbank-id>
      <name>Triptolide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Triptolide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13044</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gossypol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Gossypol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00294</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etonogestrel</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Etonogestrel.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00378</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dydrogesterone</name>
      <description>Dydrogesterone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00396</drugbank-id>
      <name>Progesterone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Progesterone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01431</drugbank-id>
      <name>Allylestrenol</name>
      <description>Allylestrenol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06713</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norelgestromin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Norelgestromin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06789</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydroxyprogesterone caproate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Hydroxyprogesterone caproate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09124</drugbank-id>
      <name>Medrogestone</name>
      <description>Medrogestone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11372</drugbank-id>
      <name>Altrenogest</name>
      <description>Altrenogest may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11636</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nomegestrol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Nomegestrol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13230</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gestonorone</name>
      <description>Gestonorone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13533</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methylestrenolone</name>
      <description>Methylestrenolone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13602</drugbank-id>
      <name>Promegestone</name>
      <description>Promegestone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13866</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etynodiol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Etynodiol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14570</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydroxyprogesterone</name>
      <description>Hydroxyprogesterone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14679</drugbank-id>
      <name>Quingestanol acetate</name>
      <description>Quingestanol acetate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00233</drugbank-id>
      <name>Aminosalicylic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Aminosalicylic acid is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01294</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bismuth subsalicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bismuth subsalicylate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06251</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dersalazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Dersalazine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06807</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenyl aminosalicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Phenyl aminosalicylate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09543</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methyl salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Methyl salicylate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11079</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trolamine salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Trolamine salicylate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13509</drugbank-id>
      <name>Aloxiprin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Aloxiprin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14006</drugbank-id>
      <name>Choline salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Choline salicylate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14026</drugbank-id>
      <name>Thiosalicylic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Thiosalicylic acid is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00054</drugbank-id>
      <name>Abciximab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Abciximab is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00063</drugbank-id>
      <name>Eptifibatide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Eptifibatide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00208</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ticlopidine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ticlopidine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00261</drugbank-id>
      <name>Anagrelide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Anagrelide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00758</drugbank-id>
      <name>Clopidogrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Clopidogrel is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00775</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tirofiban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Tirofiban is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00975</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dipyridamole</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Dipyridamole is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01088</drugbank-id>
      <name>Iloprost</name>
      <description>Iloprost may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01138</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sulfinpyrazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Sulfinpyrazone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01166</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cilostazol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Cilostazol is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01207</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ridogrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ridogrel is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01240</drugbank-id>
      <name>Epoprostenol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Epoprostenol is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02709</drugbank-id>
      <name>Resveratrol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Resveratrol is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04743</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nimesulide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Nimesulide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04905</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tesmilifene</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Tesmilifene is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04932</drugbank-id>
      <name>Defibrotide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Defibrotide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05229</drugbank-id>
      <name>Beraprost</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Beraprost is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05266</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ibudilast</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ibudilast is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05767</drugbank-id>
      <name>Andrographolide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Andrographolide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06081</drugbank-id>
      <name>Caplacizumab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Caplacizumab is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06209</drugbank-id>
      <name>Prasugrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Prasugrel is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06441</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cangrelor</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Cangrelor is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07615</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tranilast</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Tranilast is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08814</drugbank-id>
      <name>Triflusal</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Triflusal is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08816</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ticagrelor</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ticagrelor is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08887</drugbank-id>
      <name>Icosapent ethyl</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Icosapent ethyl is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09283</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trapidil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Trapidil is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12092</drugbank-id>
      <name>Naftopidil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Naftopidil is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12163</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sarpogrelate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Sarpogrelate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12321</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ifetroban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ifetroban is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12445</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nitroaspirin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Nitroaspirin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12545</drugbank-id>
      <name>Indobufen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Indobufen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12749</drugbank-id>
      <name>Butylphthalide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Butylphthalide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12771</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydroxytyrosol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Hydroxytyrosol is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13036</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ramatroban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ramatroban is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13327</drugbank-id>
      <name>Picotamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Picotamide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13367</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cloricromen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Cloricromen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13400</drugbank-id>
      <name>Linsidomine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Linsidomine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13510</drugbank-id>
      <name>Buflomedil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Buflomedil is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13929</drugbank-id>
      <name>Relcovaptan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Relcovaptan is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15786</drugbank-id>
      <name>Maritime pine extract</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Maritime pine extract is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00374</drugbank-id>
      <name>Treprostinil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Treprostinil is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB03404</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hemin</name>
      <description>Hemin may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13783</drugbank-id>
      <name>Acemetacin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Acemetacin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00624</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone</name>
      <description>Testosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01420</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone propionate</name>
      <description>Testosterone propionate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01481</drugbank-id>
      <name>1-Testosterone</name>
      <description>1-Testosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01485</drugbank-id>
      <name>4-Hydroxytestosterone</name>
      <description>4-Hydroxytestosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01510</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dehydrochloromethyltestosterone</name>
      <description>Dehydrochloromethyltestosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01541</drugbank-id>
      <name>Boldenone</name>
      <description>Boldenone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01543</drugbank-id>
      <name>18-methyl-19-nortestosterone</name>
      <description>18-methyl-19-nortestosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01564</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calusterone</name>
      <description>Calusterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01569</drugbank-id>
      <name>Formebolone</name>
      <description>Formebolone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01572</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methyl-1-testosterone</name>
      <description>Methyl-1-testosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07447</drugbank-id>
      <name>5beta-dihydrotestosterone</name>
      <description>5beta-dihydrotestosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08619</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone succinate</name>
      <description>Testosterone succinate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11429</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mibolerone</name>
      <description>Mibolerone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13943</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone cypionate</name>
      <description>Testosterone cypionate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13944</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone enanthate</name>
      <description>Testosterone enanthate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13946</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone undecanoate</name>
      <description>Testosterone undecanoate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13947</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone enantate benzilic acid hydrazone</name>
      <description>Testosterone enantate benzilic acid hydrazone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13951</drugbank-id>
      <name>Stanolone acetate</name>
      <description>Stanolone acetate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13958</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trestolone acetate</name>
      <description>Trestolone acetate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14093</drugbank-id>
      <name>(1,2,6,7-3H)Testosterone</name>
      <description>(1,2,6,7-3H)Testosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14655</drugbank-id>
      <name>Drostanolone propionate</name>
      <description>Drostanolone propionate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02901</drugbank-id>
      <name>Stanolone</name>
      <description>Stanolone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11051</drugbank-id>
      <name>Azficel-T</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Azficel-T.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09568</drugbank-id>
      <name>Omega-3-carboxylic acids</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be increased when used in combination with Omega-3-carboxylic acids.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00025</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antihemophilic factor, human recombinant</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Antihemophilic factor, human recombinant can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00036</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coagulation factor VIIa Recombinant Human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Coagulation factor VIIa Recombinant Human can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00100</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant)</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant) can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01373</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calcium</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Calcium can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01783</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pantothenic acid</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Pantothenic acid can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01942</drugbank-id>
      <name>Formic acid</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Formic acid can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02261</drugbank-id>
      <name>Platelet Activating Factor</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Platelet Activating Factor can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09109</drugbank-id>
      <name>Turoctocog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Turoctocog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09222</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fibrinogen human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Fibrinogen human can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09310</drugbank-id>
      <name>Catridecacog</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Catridecacog can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09329</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antihemophilic factor (recombinant), PEGylated</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Antihemophilic factor (recombinant), PEGylated can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11311</drugbank-id>
      <name>Prothrombin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Prothrombin can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11330</drugbank-id>
      <name>Factor IX Complex (Human)</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Factor IX Complex (Human) can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11606</drugbank-id>
      <name>Susoctocog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Susoctocog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11608</drugbank-id>
      <name>Eftrenonacog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Eftrenonacog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11668</drugbank-id>
      <name>Rusalatide acetate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Rusalatide acetate can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12409</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vatreptacog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Vatreptacog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12909</drugbank-id>
      <name>Factor XIII (human)</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Factor XIII (human) can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13133</drugbank-id>
      <name>Von Willebrand factor human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Von Willebrand factor human can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13148</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coagulation factor X human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Coagulation factor X human can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13150</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coagulation factor VII human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Coagulation factor VII human can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13151</drugbank-id>
      <name>Anti-inhibitor coagulant complex</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Anti-inhibitor coagulant complex can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13152</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coagulation Factor IX Human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Coagulation Factor IX Human can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13192</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antihemophilic factor human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Antihemophilic factor human can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13197</drugbank-id>
      <name>Kallidinogenase</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Kallidinogenase can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13201</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trenonacog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Trenonacog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13884</drugbank-id>
      <name>Albutrepenonacog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Albutrepenonacog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13923</drugbank-id>
      <name>Emicizumab</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Emicizumab can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13933</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nonacog beta pegol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Nonacog beta pegol can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13999</drugbank-id>
      <name>Moroctocog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Moroctocog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14473</drugbank-id>
      <name>Beroctocog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Beroctocog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14562</drugbank-id>
      <name>Andexanet alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Andexanet alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14577</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calcium cation</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Calcium cation can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14700</drugbank-id>
      <name>Damoctocog alfa pegol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Damoctocog alfa pegol can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14738</drugbank-id>
      <name>Turoctocog alfa pegol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Turoctocog alfa pegol can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00176</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fluvoxamine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Fluvoxamine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00215</drugbank-id>
      <name>Citalopram</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Citalopram.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00472</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fluoxetine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Fluoxetine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00715</drugbank-id>
      <name>Paroxetine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Paroxetine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01149</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nefazodone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Nefazodone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04832</drugbank-id>
      <name>Zimelidine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Zimelidine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04884</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dapoxetine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Dapoxetine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06731</drugbank-id>
      <name>Seproxetine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Seproxetine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08953</drugbank-id>
      <name>Indalpine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Indalpine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12693</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ritanserin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Ritanserin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13233</drugbank-id>
      <name>Alaproclate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Alaproclate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00476</drugbank-id>
      <name>Duloxetine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Duloxetine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01105</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sibutramine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Sibutramine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04896</drugbank-id>
      <name>Milnacipran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Milnacipran is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06700</drugbank-id>
      <name>Desvenlafaxine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Desvenlafaxine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08918</drugbank-id>
      <name>Levomilnacipran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Levomilnacipran.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00285</drugbank-id>
      <name>Venlafaxine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Venlafaxine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00601</drugbank-id>
      <name>Linezolid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Linezolid is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00614</drugbank-id>
      <name>Furazolidone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Furazolidone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00721</drugbank-id>
      <name>Procaine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Procaine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00752</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tranylcypromine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tranylcypromine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00780</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenelzine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Phenelzine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00805</drugbank-id>
      <name>Minaprine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Minaprine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01037</drugbank-id>
      <name>Selegiline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Selegiline is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01168</drugbank-id>
      <name>Procarbazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Procarbazine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01171</drugbank-id>
      <name>Moclobemide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Moclobemide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01247</drugbank-id>
      <name>Isocarboxazid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Isocarboxazid is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01367</drugbank-id>
      <name>Rasagiline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Rasagiline is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01626</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pargyline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Pargyline is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04017</drugbank-id>
      <name>Clorgiline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Clorgiline is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04818</drugbank-id>
      <name>Iproniazid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Iproniazid is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04820</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nialamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Nialamide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06654</drugbank-id>
      <name>Safinamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Safinamide is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08550</drugbank-id>
      <name>7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when 7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09241</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methylene blue</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Methylene blue is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09243</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydracarbazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Hydracarbazine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09244</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pirlindole</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Pirlindole is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09245</drugbank-id>
      <name>Toloxatone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Toloxatone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09246</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benmoxin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Benmoxin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09248</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mebanazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Mebanazine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09249</drugbank-id>
      <name>Octamoxin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Octamoxin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09250</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pheniprazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Pheniprazine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09251</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenoxypropazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Phenoxypropazine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09252</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pivhydrazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Pivhydrazine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09253</drugbank-id>
      <name>Safrazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Safrazine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09254</drugbank-id>
      <name>Caroxazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Caroxazone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13875</drugbank-id>
      <name>Harmaline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Harmaline is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13876</drugbank-id>
      <name>Brofaromine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Brofaromine is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00266</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dicoumarol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Dicoumarol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00278</drugbank-id>
      <name>Argatroban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Argatroban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00407</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ardeparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ardeparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00498</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenindione</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Phenindione.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00569</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fondaparinux</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Fondaparinux.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00682</drugbank-id>
      <name>Warfarin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Warfarin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00946</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenprocoumon</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Phenprocoumon.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00974</drugbank-id>
      <name>Edetic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Edetic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01109</drugbank-id>
      <name>Heparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Heparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01225</drugbank-id>
      <name>Enoxaparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Enoxaparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01418</drugbank-id>
      <name>Acenocoumarol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Acenocoumarol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04898</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ximelagatran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ximelagatran.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05099</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ancrod</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ancrod.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06271</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sulodexide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Sulodexide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06406</drugbank-id>
      <name>Idraparinux</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Idraparinux.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06635</drugbank-id>
      <name>Otamixaban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Otamixaban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06754</drugbank-id>
      <name>Danaparoid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Danaparoid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06779</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dalteparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Dalteparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07767</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ferulic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ferulic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08794</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ethyl biscoumacetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ethyl biscoumacetate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08813</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nadroparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Nadroparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09255</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dextran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Dextran.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11095</drugbank-id>
      <name>Desirudin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Desirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11268</drugbank-id>
      <name>Protocatechualdehyde</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Protocatechualdehyde.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11312</drugbank-id>
      <name>Protein C</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Protein C.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11598</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antithrombin III human</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Antithrombin III human.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11984</drugbank-id>
      <name>Letaxaban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Letaxaban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12289</drugbank-id>
      <name>Darexaban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Darexaban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12598</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nafamostat</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Nafamostat.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12831</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gabexate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Gabexate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13124</drugbank-id>
      <name>Troxerutin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Troxerutin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13136</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fluindione</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Fluindione.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13149</drugbank-id>
      <name>Protein S human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Protein S human can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13616</drugbank-id>
      <name>Melagatran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Melagatran.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09154</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sodium citrate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Sodium citrate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00031</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tenecteplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Tenecteplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00055</drugbank-id>
      <name>Drotrecogin alfa</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Drotrecogin alfa.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06822</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tinzaparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Tinzaparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13199</drugbank-id>
      <name>Brinase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Brinase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13646</drugbank-id>
      <name>Saruplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Saruplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00086</drugbank-id>
      <name>Streptokinase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Streptokinase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04925</drugbank-id>
      <name>Desmoteplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Desmoteplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06543</drugbank-id>
      <name>Astaxanthin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Astaxanthin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08994</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ditazole</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ditazole.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09258</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bemiparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Bemiparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09260</drugbank-id>
      <name>Parnaparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Parnaparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13275</drugbank-id>
      <name>Clorindione</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Clorindione.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13347</drugbank-id>
      <name>Diphenadione</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Diphenadione.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13451</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tioclomarol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Tioclomarol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00001</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lepirudin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00009</drugbank-id>
      <name>Alteplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Alteplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00015</drugbank-id>
      <name>Reteplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Reteplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00029</drugbank-id>
      <name>Anistreplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Anistreplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14094</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tocopherylquinone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Tocopherylquinone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06679</drugbank-id>
      <name>Amediplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Amediplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB03410</drugbank-id>
      <name>4-hydroxycoumarin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with 4-hydroxycoumarin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08496</drugbank-id>
      <name>(R)-warfarin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with (R)-warfarin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14055</drugbank-id>
      <name>(S)-Warfarin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with (S)-Warfarin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12364</drugbank-id>
      <name>Betrixaban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Betrixaban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11166</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antithrombin Alfa</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Antithrombin Alfa.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04665</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coumarin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Coumarin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14726</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dabigatran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Dabigatran.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06294</drugbank-id>
      <name>Semuloparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Semuloparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12726</drugbank-id>
      <name>Monteplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Monteplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09259</drugbank-id>
      <name>Reviparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Reviparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15880</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dermatan sulfate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Dermatan sulfate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05361</drugbank-id>
      <name>SR-123781A</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with SR-123781A.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00203</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sildenafil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Sildenafil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00008</drugbank-id>
      <name>Peginterferon alfa-2a</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2a.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00011</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfa-n1</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Interferon alfa-n1.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00018</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfa-n3</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Interferon alfa-n3.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00022</drugbank-id>
      <name>Peginterferon alfa-2b</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00033</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon gamma-1b</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Interferon gamma-1b.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00034</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfa-2a</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Interferon alfa-2a.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00041</drugbank-id>
      <name>Aldesleukin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Aldesleukin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00056</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gemtuzumab ozogamicin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Gemtuzumab ozogamicin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00068</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon beta-1b</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Interferon beta-1b.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00069</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfacon-1</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Interferon alfacon-1.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00073</drugbank-id>
      <name>Rituximab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Rituximab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00078</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ibritumomab tiuxetan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ibritumomab tiuxetan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00087</drugbank-id>
      <name>Alemtuzumab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Alemtuzumab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00105</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfa-2b</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Interferon alfa-2b.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00120</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenylalanine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Phenylalanine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00188</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bortezomib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Bortezomib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00242</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cladribine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Cladribine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00262</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carmustine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Carmustine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00276</drugbank-id>
      <name>Amsacrine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Amsacrine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00291</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chlorambucil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Chlorambucil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00293</drugbank-id>
      <name>Raltitrexed</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Raltitrexed.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00305</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mitomycin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Mitomycin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00307</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bexarotene</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Bexarotene.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00309</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vindesine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Vindesine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00322</drugbank-id>
      <name>Floxuridine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Floxuridine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00352</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tioguanine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Tioguanine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00361</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vinorelbine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Vinorelbine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00380</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dexrazoxane</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Dexrazoxane.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00398</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sorafenib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Sorafenib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00428</drugbank-id>
      <name>Streptozocin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Streptozocin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00441</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gemcitabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Gemcitabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00444</drugbank-id>
      <name>Teniposide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Teniposide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00445</drugbank-id>
      <name>Epirubicin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Epirubicin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00446</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chloramphenicol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Chloramphenicol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00480</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lenalidomide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Lenalidomide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00488</drugbank-id>
      <name>Altretamine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Altretamine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00495</drugbank-id>
      <name>Zidovudine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Zidovudine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00515</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cisplatin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Cisplatin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00526</drugbank-id>
      <name>Oxaliplatin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Oxaliplatin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00531</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cyclophosphamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Cyclophosphamide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00544</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fluorouracil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Fluorouracil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00552</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pentostatin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Pentostatin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00563</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methotrexate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Methotrexate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00564</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carbamazepine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Carbamazepine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00570</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vinblastine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Vinblastine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00619</drugbank-id>
      <name>Imatinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Imatinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00631</drugbank-id>
      <name>Clofarabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Clofarabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00642</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pemetrexed</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Pemetrexed.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00694</drugbank-id>
      <name>Daunorubicin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Daunorubicin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00762</drugbank-id>
      <name>Irinotecan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Irinotecan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00773</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etoposide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Etoposide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00851</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dacarbazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Dacarbazine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00853</drugbank-id>
      <name>Temozolomide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Temozolomide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00859</drugbank-id>
      <name>Penicillamine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Penicillamine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00864</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tacrolimus</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Tacrolimus.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00877</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sirolimus</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Sirolimus.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00888</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mechlorethamine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Mechlorethamine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00928</drugbank-id>
      <name>Azacitidine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Azacitidine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00958</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carboplatin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Carboplatin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00970</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dactinomycin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Dactinomycin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00987</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cytarabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Cytarabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00997</drugbank-id>
      <name>Doxorubicin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Doxorubicin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01005</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydroxyurea</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Hydroxyurea.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01008</drugbank-id>
      <name>Busulfan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Busulfan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01030</drugbank-id>
      <name>Topotecan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Topotecan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01033</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mercaptopurine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Mercaptopurine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01041</drugbank-id>
      <name>Thalidomide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Thalidomide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01042</drugbank-id>
      <name>Melphalan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Melphalan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01073</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fludarabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Fludarabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01099</drugbank-id>
      <name>Flucytosine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Flucytosine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01101</drugbank-id>
      <name>Capecitabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Capecitabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01169</drugbank-id>
      <name>Arsenic trioxide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Arsenic trioxide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01177</drugbank-id>
      <name>Idarubicin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Idarubicin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01204</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mitoxantrone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Mitoxantrone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01206</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lomustine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Lomustine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01229</drugbank-id>
      <name>Paclitaxel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Paclitaxel.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01248</drugbank-id>
      <name>Docetaxel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Docetaxel.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01262</drugbank-id>
      <name>Decitabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Decitabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01280</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nelarabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Nelarabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01590</drugbank-id>
      <name>Everolimus</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Everolimus.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02546</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vorinostat</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Vorinostat.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04572</drugbank-id>
      <name>Thiotepa</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Thiotepa.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04845</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ixabepilone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ixabepilone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04868</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nilotinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Nilotinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05015</drugbank-id>
      <name>Belinostat</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Belinostat.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05109</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trabectedin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Trabectedin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05258</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfa</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Interferon alfa.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05472</drugbank-id>
      <name>Human interferon omega-1</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Human interferon omega-1.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05773</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trastuzumab emtansine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Trastuzumab emtansine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06287</drugbank-id>
      <name>Temsirolimus</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Temsirolimus.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06616</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bosutinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Bosutinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06769</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bendamustine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Bendamustine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06772</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cabazitaxel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Cabazitaxel.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08871</drugbank-id>
      <name>Eribulin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Eribulin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08877</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ruxolitinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ruxolitinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08889</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carfilzomib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Carfilzomib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08895</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tofacitinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Tofacitinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08901</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ponatinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ponatinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08910</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pomalidomide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Pomalidomide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09042</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tedizolid phosphate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Tedizolid phosphate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09052</drugbank-id>
      <name>Blinatumomab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Blinatumomab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09073</drugbank-id>
      <name>Palbociclib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Palbociclib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09074</drugbank-id>
      <name>Olaparib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Olaparib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09077</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dinutuximab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Dinutuximab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09122</drugbank-id>
      <name>Peginterferon beta-1a</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Peginterferon beta-1a.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12814</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cepeginterferon alfa-2B</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Cepeginterferon alfa-2B.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00229</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefotiam</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefotiam.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00267</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefmenoxime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefmenoxime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00274</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefmetazole</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefmetazole.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00430</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefpiramide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefpiramide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00438</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftazidime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftazidime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00447</drugbank-id>
      <name>Loracarbef</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Loracarbef.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00456</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefalotin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefalotin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00493</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefotaxime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefotaxime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00535</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefdinir</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefdinir.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00567</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cephalexin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cephalexin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00671</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefixime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefixime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00689</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cephaloglycin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cephaloglycin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00833</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefaclor</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefaclor.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00923</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceforanide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceforanide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01066</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefditoren</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefditoren.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01112</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefuroxime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefuroxime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01139</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefapirin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefapirin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01140</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefadroxil</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefadroxil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01150</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefprozil</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefprozil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01212</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftriaxone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftriaxone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01326</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefamandole</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefamandole.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01327</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefazolin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefazolin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01328</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefonicid</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefonicid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01329</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefoperazone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefoperazone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01330</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefotetan</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefotetan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01331</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefoxitin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefoxitin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01332</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftizoxime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftizoxime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01333</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefradine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefradine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01413</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefepime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefepime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01414</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefacetrile</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefacetrile.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01415</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftibuten</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftibuten.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01416</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefpodoxime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefpodoxime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04570</drugbank-id>
      <name>Latamoxef</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Latamoxef.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04918</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftobiprole</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftobiprole.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06590</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftaroline fosamil</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftaroline fosamil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09008</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefaloridine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefaloridine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09050</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftolozane</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftolozane.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09062</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefminox</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefminox.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11367</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefroxadine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefroxadine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11935</drugbank-id>
      <name>Flomoxef</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Flomoxef.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13266</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefatrizine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefatrizine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13461</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefcapene</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefcapene.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13470</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefodizime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefodizime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13499</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefsulodin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefsulodin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13504</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefetamet</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefetamet.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13638</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefbuperazone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefbuperazone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13667</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefozopran</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefozopran.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13682</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefpirome</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefpirome.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13778</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefazedone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefazedone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13821</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftezole</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftezole.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14725</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefamandole nafate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefamandole nafate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00254</drugbank-id>
      <name>Doxycycline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Doxycycline is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00207</drugbank-id>
      <name>Azithromycin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azithromycin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09539</drugbank-id>
      <name>Omega-3-acid ethyl esters</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Omega-3-acid ethyl esters is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00945</drugbank-id>
      <name>Acetylsalicylic acid</name>
      <description>Acetylsalicylic acid may increase the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01606</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tazobactam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Tazobactam is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00199</drugbank-id>
      <name>Erythromycin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Erythromycin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00656</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trazodone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Trazodone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00620</drugbank-id>
      <name>Triamcinolone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Triamcinolone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09079</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nintedanib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Nintedanib is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01175</drugbank-id>
      <name>Escitalopram</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Escitalopram is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01104</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sertraline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Sertraline is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00232</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methyclothiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Methyclothiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00436</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bendroflumethiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Bendroflumethiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00562</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benzthiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Benzthiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00606</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cyclothiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cyclothiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00774</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydroflumethiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Hydroflumethiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00880</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chlorothiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Chlorothiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00999</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydrochlorothiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Hydrochlorothiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01021</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trichlormethiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Trichlormethiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01324</drugbank-id>
      <name>Polythiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Polythiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13430</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mebutizide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Mebutizide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13532</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cyclopenthiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cyclopenthiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15861</drugbank-id>
      <name>Buthiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Buthiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00783</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estradiol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Estradiol is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00977</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ethinylestradiol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ethinylestradiol is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00834</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mifepristone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mifepristone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13310</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ormeloxifene</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ormeloxifene is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00304</drugbank-id>
      <name>Desogestrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Desogestrel is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00351</drugbank-id>
      <name>Megestrol acetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Megestrol acetate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00367</drugbank-id>
      <name>Levonorgestrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Levonorgestrel is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00603</drugbank-id>
      <name>Medroxyprogesterone acetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Medroxyprogesterone acetate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00717</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norethisterone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norethisterone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00823</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ethynodiol diacetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ethynodiol diacetate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00957</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norgestimate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norgestimate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01395</drugbank-id>
      <name>Drospirenone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Drospirenone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04839</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cyproterone acetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyproterone acetate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06730</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gestodene</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gestodene is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09123</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dienogest</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dienogest is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09371</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norethynodrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norethynodrel is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09389</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norgestrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norgestrel is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11619</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gestrinone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gestrinone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12474</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lynestrenol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lynestrenol is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13528</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chlormadinone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlormadinone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13563</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norgestrienone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norgestrienone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13685</drugbank-id>
      <name>Quingestanol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Quingestanol is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13857</drugbank-id>
      <name>Demegestone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Demegestone is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13981</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nomegestrol acetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nomegestrol acetate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14678</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norethindrone enanthate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norethindrone enanthate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15775</drugbank-id>
      <name>Algestone acetophenide</name>
      <description>Algestone acetophenide may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12235</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estetrol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Estetrol is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11201</drugbank-id>
      <name>Menthyl salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Menthyl salicylate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11323</drugbank-id>
      <name>Glycol salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Glycol salicylate is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15119</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ropeginterferon alfa-2b</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Ropeginterferon alfa-2b.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15575</drugbank-id>
      <name>Padeliporfin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Padeliporfin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB16007</drugbank-id>
      <name>Rurioctocog alfa pegol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Rurioctocog alfa pegol can be decreased when used in combination with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14733</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftobiprole medocaril</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftobiprole medocaril.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09422</drugbank-id>
      <name>Soybean oil</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Soybean oil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09567</drugbank-id>
      <name>Olive oil</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Bivalirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Olive oil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15434</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mosunetuzumab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Mosunetuzumab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB17472</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pirtobrutinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bivalirudin is combined with Pirtobrutinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14713</drugbank-id>
      <name>Inotersen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of thrombocytopenia can be increased when Inotersen is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
  </drug-interactions>
  <calculated-properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logP</kind>
      <value>-0.76</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logS</kind>
      <value>-4.7</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Water Solubility</kind>
      <value>4.64e-02 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logP</kind>
      <value>-14</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>IUPAC Name</kind>
      <value>(4S)-4-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-{2-[(2S)-2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-{[(2S)-1-[(2R)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl]pyrrolidin-2-yl]formamido}-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]pyrrolidin-2-yl]formamido}acetamido)acetamido]acetamido}acetamido)-3-carbamoylpropanamido]acetamido}-3-carboxypropanamido]-3-phenylpropanamido]-4-carboxybutanamido]-4-{[(2S,3S)-1-[(2S)-2-{[(1S)-3-carboxy-1-{[(1S)-3-carboxy-1-{[(1S)-1-{[(1S)-1-carboxy-3-methylbutyl]carbamoyl}-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}propyl]carbamoyl}propyl]carbamoyl}pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamoyl}butanoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Traditional IUPAC Name</kind>
      <value>bivalirudin</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Molecular Weight</kind>
      <value>2180.2853</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Monoisotopic Weight</kind>
      <value>2178.985813062</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>SMILES</kind>
      <value>CC[C@H](C)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Molecular Formula</kind>
      <value>C98H138N24O33</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>InChI</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C98H138N24O33/c1-5-52(4)82(96(153)122-39-15-23-70(122)92(149)114-60(30-34-79(134)135)85(142)111-59(29-33-78(132)133)86(143)116-64(43-55-24-26-56(123)27-25-55)89(146)118-67(97(154)155)40-51(2)3)119-87(144)61(31-35-80(136)137)112-84(141)58(28-32-77(130)131)113-88(145)63(42-54-18-10-7-11-19-54)117-90(147)66(45-81(138)139)110-76(129)50-107-83(140)65(44-71(100)124)109-75(128)49-106-73(126)47-104-72(125)46-105-74(127)48-108-91(148)68-21-13-38-121(68)95(152)62(20-12-36-103-98(101)102)115-93(150)69-22-14-37-120(69)94(151)57(99)41-53-16-8-6-9-17-53/h6-11,16-19,24-27,51-52,57-70,82,123H,5,12-15,20-23,28-50,99H2,1-4H3,(H2,100,124)(H,104,125)(H,105,127)(H,106,126)(H,107,140)(H,108,148)(H,109,128)(H,110,129)(H,111,142)(H,112,141)(H,113,145)(H,114,149)(H,115,150)(H,116,143)(H,117,147)(H,118,146)(H,119,144)(H,130,131)(H,132,133)(H,134,135)(H,136,137)(H,138,139)(H,154,155)(H4,101,102,103)/t52-,57+,58-,59-,60-,61-,62-,63-,64-,65-,66-,67-,68-,69-,70-,82-/m0/s1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>InChIKey</kind>
      <value>OIRCOABEOLEUMC-GEJPAHFPSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Polar Surface Area (PSA)</kind>
      <value>901.57</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Refractivity</kind>
      <value>543.33</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Polarizability</kind>
      <value>218.54</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Rotatable Bond Count</kind>
      <value>66</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>H Bond Acceptor Count</kind>
      <value>37</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>H Bond Donor Count</kind>
      <value>28</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pKa (strongest acidic)</kind>
      <value>2.78</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pKa (strongest basic)</kind>
      <value>11.88</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Physiological Charge</kind>
      <value>-4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Number of Rings</kind>
      <value>6</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Bioavailability</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Rule of Five</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Ghose Filter</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>MDDR-Like Rule</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </calculated-properties>
  <experimental-properties/>
  <external-identifiers>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>Drugs Product Database (DPD)</resource>
      <identifier>12945</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>ChEBI</resource>
      <identifier>59173</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>PubChem Compound</resource>
      <identifier>16129704</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>PubChem Substance</resource>
      <identifier>46507415</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>KEGG Drug</resource>
      <identifier>D03136</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>ChemSpider</resource>
      <identifier>10482069</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>BindingDB</resource>
      <identifier>50248103</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>PharmGKB</resource>
      <identifier>PA10032</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>Therapeutic Targets Database</resource>
      <identifier>DAP000542</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>Wikipedia</resource>
      <identifier>Bivalirudin</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>ChEMBL</resource>
      <identifier>CHEMBL2103749</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>RxCUI</resource>
      <identifier>60819</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
  </external-identifiers>
  <external-links>
    <external-link>
      <resource>RxList</resource>
      <url>http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/angiomax.htm</url>
    </external-link>
    <external-link>
      <resource>Drugs.com</resource>
      <url>http://www.drugs.com/cdi/bivalirudin.html</url>
    </external-link>
  </external-links>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <smpdb-id>SMP0000277</smpdb-id>
      <name>Bivalirudin Action Pathway</name>
      <category>drug_action</category>
      <drugs>
        <drug>
          <drugbank-id>DB00006</drugbank-id>
          <name>Bivalirudin</name>
        </drug>
        <drug>
          <drugbank-id>DB01022</drugbank-id>
          <name>Phylloquinone</name>
        </drug>
        <drug>
          <drugbank-id>DB01373</drugbank-id>
          <name>Calcium</name>
        </drug>
      </drugs>
      <enzymes>
        <uniprot-id>P00734</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00748</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P02452</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P03952</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P03951</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00740</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00451</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P12259</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00742</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P02671</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P02675</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P02679</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00488</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P05160</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00747</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00750</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P08709</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P13726</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>Q9BQB6</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P38435</uniprot-id>
      </enzymes>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <reactions/>
  <snp-effects/>
  <snp-adverse-drug-reactions/>
  <targets>
    <target position="1">
      <id>BE0000048</id>
      <name>Prothrombin</name>
      <organism>Humans</organism>
      <actions>
        <action>inhibitor</action>
      </actions>
      <references>
        <articles>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A1733</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>11060732</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Scatena R: Bivalirudin: a new generation antithrombotic drug. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2000 May;9(5):1119-27.</citation>
          </article>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A1736</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>11504570</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Bates ER: Bivalirudin for percutaneous coronary intervention and in acute coronary syndromes. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2001 Sep;3(5):348-54.</citation>
          </article>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A1738</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>11833835</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Gladwell TD: Bivalirudin: a direct thrombin inhibitor. Clin Ther. 2002 Jan;24(1):38-58.</citation>
          </article>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A1739</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>11923794</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Kleiman NS, Klem J, Fernandes LS, Rubin H, Challa S, Solomon S, Maresh K, Arora U, Klem E, Buergler J, Mathew S, Browning A, DeLao T: Pharmacodynamic profile of the direct thrombin antagonist bivalirudin given in combination with the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist eptifibatide. Am Heart J. 2002 Apr;143(4):585-93.</citation>
          </article>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A1741</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>11929334</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Carswell CI, Plosker GL: Bivalirudin: a review of its potential place in the management of acute coronary syndromes. Drugs. 2002;62(5):841-70.</citation>
          </article>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A9</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>11752352</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5.</citation>
          </article>
        </articles>
        <textbooks/>
        <links/>
        <attachments/>
      </references>
      <known-action>yes</known-action>
      <polypeptide id="P00734" source="Swiss-Prot">
        <name>Prothrombin</name>
        <general-function>Thrombospondin receptor activity</general-function>
        <specific-function>Thrombin, which cleaves bonds after Arg and Lys, converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates factors V, VII, VIII, XIII, and, in complex with thrombomodulin, protein C. Functions in blood homeostasis, inflammation and wound healing.</specific-function>
        <gene-name>F2</gene-name>
        <locus>11p11-q12</locus>
        <cellular-location>Secreted</cellular-location>
        <transmembrane-regions/>
        <signal-regions>1-24</signal-regions>
        <theoretical-pi>5.7</theoretical-pi>
        <molecular-weight>70036.295</molecular-weight>
        <chromosome-location>11</chromosome-location>
        <organism ncbi-taxonomy-id="9606">Humans</organism>
        <external-identifiers>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)</resource>
            <identifier>HGNC:3535</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>GenAtlas</resource>
            <identifier>F2</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>GenBank Gene Database</resource>
            <identifier>M17262</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>GenBank Protein Database</resource>
            <identifier>339641</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>Guide to Pharmacology</resource>
            <identifier>2362</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>UniProtKB</resource>
            <identifier>P00734</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>UniProt Accession</resource>
            <identifier>THRB_HUMAN</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
        </external-identifiers>
        <synonyms>
          <synonym>3.4.21.5</synonym>
          <synonym>Coagulation factor II</synonym>
        </synonyms>
        <amino-acid-sequence format="FASTA">&gt;lcl|BSEQ0016004|Prothrombin
MAHVRGLQLPGCLALAALCSLVHSQHVFLAPQQARSLLQRVRRANTFLEEVRKGNLEREC
VEETCSYEEAFEALESSTATDVFWAKYTACETARTPRDKLAACLEGNCAEGLGTNYRGHV
NITRSGIECQLWRSRYPHKPEINSTTHPGADLQENFCRNPDSSTTGPWCYTTDPTVRRQE
CSIPVCGQDQVTVAMTPRSEGSSVNLSPPLEQCVPDRGQQYQGRLAVTTHGLPCLAWASA
QAKALSKHQDFNSAVQLVENFCRNPDGDEEGVWCYVAGKPGDFGYCDLNYCEEAVEEETG
DGLDEDSDRAIEGRTATSEYQTFFNPRTFGSGEADCGLRPLFEKKSLEDKTERELLESYI
DGRIVEGSDAEIGMSPWQVMLFRKSPQELLCGASLISDRWVLTAAHCLLYPPWDKNFTEN
DLLVRIGKHSRTRYERNIEKISMLEKIYIHPRYNWRENLDRDIALMKLKKPVAFSDYIHP
VCLPDRETAASLLQAGYKGRVTGWGNLKETWTANVGKGQPSVLQVVNLPIVERPVCKDST
RIRITDNMFCAGYKPDEGKRGDACEGDSGGPFVMKSPFNNRWYQMGIVSWGEGCDRDGKY
GFYTHVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE</amino-acid-sequence>
        <gene-sequence format="FASTA">&gt;lcl|BSEQ0016005|Prothrombin (F2)
ATGGCGCACGTCCGAGGCTTGCAGCTGCCTGGCTGCCTGGCCCTGGCTGCCCTGTGTAGC
CTTGTGCACAGCCAGCATGTGTTCCTGGCTCCTCAGCAAGCACGGTCGCTGCTCCAGCGG
GTCCGGCGAGCCAACACCTTCTTGGAGGAGGTGCGCAAGGGCAACCTGGAGCGAGAGTGC
GTGGAGGAGACGTGCAGCTACGAGGAGGCCTTCGAGGCTCTGGAGTCCTCCACGGCTACG
GATGTGTTCTGGGCCAAGTACACAGCTTGTGAGACAGCGAGGACGCCTCGAGATAAGCTT
GCTGCATGTCTGGAAGGTAACTGTGCTGAGGGTCTGGGTACGAACTACCGAGGGCATGTG
AACATCACCCGGTCAGGCATTGAGTGCCAGCTATGGAGGAGTCGCTACCCACATAAGCCT
GAAATCAACTCCACTACCCATCCTGGGGCCGACCTACAGGAGAATTTCTGCCGCAACCCC
GACAGCAGCACCACGGGACCCTGGTGCTACACTACAGACCCCACCGTGAGGAGGCAGGAA
TGCAGCATCCCTGTCTGTGGCCAGGATCAAGTCACTGTAGCGATGACTCCACGCTCCGAA
GGCTCCAGTGTGAATCTGTCACCTCCATTGGAGCAGTGTGTCCCTGATCGGGGGCAGCAG
TACCAGGGGCGCCTGGCGGTGACCACACATGGGCTCCCCTGCCTGGCCTGGGCCAGCGCA
CAGGCCAAGGCCCTGAGCAAGCACCAGGACTTCAACTCAGCTGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGAAC
TTCTGCCGCAACCCAGACGGGGATGAGGAGGGCGTGTGGTGCTATGTGGCCGGGAAGCCT
GGCGACTTTGGGTACTGCGACCTCAACTATTGTGAGGAGGCCGTGGAGGAGGAGACAGGA
GATGGGCTGGATGAGGACTCAGACAGGGCCATCGAAGGGCGTACCGCCACCAGTGAGTAC
CAGACTTTCTTCAATCCGAGGACCTTTGGCTCGGGAGAGGCAGACTGTGGGCTGCGACCT
CTGTTCGAGAAGAAGTCGCTGGAGGACAAAACCGAAAGAGAGCTCCTGGAATCCTACATC
GACGGGCGCATTGTGGAGGGCTCGGATGCAGAGATCGGCATGTCACCTTGGCAGGTGATG
CTTTTCCGGAAGAGTCCCCAGGAGCTGCTGTGTGGGGCCAGCCTCATCAGTGACCGCTGG
GTCCTCACCGCCGCCCACTGCCTCCTGTACCCGCCCTGGGACAAGAACTTCACCGAGAAT
GACCTTCTGGTGCGCATTGGCAAGCACTCCCGCACCAGGTACGAGCGAAACATTGAAAAG
ATATCCATGTTGGAAAAGATCTACATCCACCCCAGGTACAACTGGCGGGAGAACCTGGAC
CGGGACATTGCCCTGATGAAGCTGAAGAAGCCTGTTGCCTTCAGTGACTACATTCACCCT
GTGTGTCTGCCCGACAGGGAGACGGCAGCCAGCTTGCTCCAGGCTGGATACAAGGGGCGG
GTGACAGGCTGGGGCAACCTGAAGGAGACGTGGACAGCCAACGTTGGTAAGGGGCAGCCC
AGTGTCCTGCAGGTGGTGAACCTGCCCATTGTGGAGCGGCCGGTCTGCAAGGACTCCACC
CGGATCCGCATCACTGACAACATGTTCTGTGCTGGTTACAAGCCTGATGAAGGGAAACGA
GGGGATGCCTGTGAAGGTGACAGTGGGGGACCCTTTGTCATGAAGAGCCCCTTTAACAAC
CGCTGGTATCAAATGGGCATCGTCTCATGGGGTGAAGGCTGTGACCGGGATGGGAAATAT
GGCTTCTACACACATGTGTTCCGCCTGAAGAAGTGGATACAGAAGGTCATTGATCAGTTT
GGAGAGTAG</gene-sequence>
        <pfams>
          <pfam>
            <identifier>PF00594</identifier>
            <name>Gla</name>
          </pfam>
          <pfam>
            <identifier>PF00051</identifier>
            <name>Kringle</name>
          </pfam>
          <pfam>
            <identifier>PF00089</identifier>
            <name>Trypsin</name>
          </pfam>
          <pfam>
            <identifier>PF09396</identifier>
            <name>Thrombin_light</name>
          </pfam>
        </pfams>
        <go-classifiers>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>blood microparticle</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>cytosol</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>endoplasmic reticulum lumen</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>extracellular exosome</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>extracellular matrix</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>extracellular region</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>extracellular space</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>Golgi lumen</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>plasma membrane</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>calcium ion binding</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>growth factor activity</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>receptor binding</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>serine-type endopeptidase activity</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>thrombospondin receptor activity</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>acute-phase response</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>blood coagulation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>cell surface receptor signaling pathway</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>cellular protein metabolic process</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>cellular response to mechanical stimulus</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>cytosolic calcium ion homeostasis</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>fibrinolysis</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>leukocyte migration</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>multicellular organismal development</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>negative regulation of astrocyte differentiation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>negative regulation of fibrinolysis</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>negative regulation of platelet activation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>negative regulation of proteolysis</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>peptidyl-glutamic acid carboxylation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>platelet activation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of blood coagulation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of cell growth</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of cell proliferation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of protein phosphorylation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>post-translational protein modification</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>proteolysis</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>regulation of blood coagulation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>regulation of cell shape</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>regulation of gene expression</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>response to inactivity</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>response to wounding</description>
          </go-classifier>
        </go-classifiers>
      </polypeptide>
    </target>
  </targets>
  <enzymes>
    <enzyme position="1">
      <id>BE0001075</id>
      <name>Myeloperoxidase</name>
      <organism>Humans</organism>
      <actions>
        <action>inhibitor</action>
      </actions>
      <references>
        <articles>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A17596</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>18701766</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Rudolph V, Rudolph TK, Schopfer FJ, Bonacci G, Lau D, Szocs K, Klinke A, Meinertz T, Freeman BA, Baldus S: Bivalirudin decreases NO bioavailability by vascular immobilization of myeloperoxidase. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008 Nov;327(2):324-31. doi: 10.1124/jpet.108.142414. Epub  2008 Aug 13.</citation>
          </article>
        </articles>
        <textbooks/>
        <links/>
        <attachments/>
      </references>
      <known-action>unknown</known-action>
      <polypeptide id="P05164" source="Swiss-Prot">
        <name>Myeloperoxidase</name>
        <general-function>Peroxidase activity</general-function>
        <specific-function>Part of the host defense system of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It is responsible for microbicidal activity against a wide range of organisms. In the stimulated PMN, MPO catalyzes the production of hypohalous acids, primarily hypochlorous acid in physiologic situations, and other toxic intermediates that greatly enhance PMN microbicidal activity.</specific-function>
        <gene-name>MPO</gene-name>
        <locus>17q23.1</locus>
        <cellular-location>Lysosome</cellular-location>
        <transmembrane-regions/>
        <signal-regions>1-48</signal-regions>
        <theoretical-pi>9.14</theoretical-pi>
        <molecular-weight>83867.71</molecular-weight>
        <chromosome-location>17</chromosome-location>
        <organism ncbi-taxonomy-id="9606">Humans</organism>
        <external-identifiers>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)</resource>
            <identifier>HGNC:7218</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>GenAtlas</resource>
            <identifier>MPO</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>GenBank Gene Database</resource>
            <identifier>J02694</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>GenBank Protein Database</resource>
            <identifier>189040</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>Guide to Pharmacology</resource>
            <identifier>2789</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>UniProtKB</resource>
            <identifier>P05164</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>UniProt Accession</resource>
            <identifier>PERM_HUMAN</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
        </external-identifiers>
        <synonyms>
          <synonym>1.11.2.2</synonym>
          <synonym>MPO</synonym>
        </synonyms>
        <amino-acid-sequence format="FASTA">&gt;lcl|BSEQ0002139|Myeloperoxidase
MGVPFFSSLRCMVDLGPCWAGGLTAEMKLLLALAGLLAILATPQPSEGAAPAVLGEVDTS
LVLSSMEEAKQLVDKAYKERRESIKQRLRSGSASPMELLSYFKQPVAATRTAVRAADYLH
VALDLLERKLRSLWRRPFNVTDVLTPAQLNVLSKSSGCAYQDVGVTCPEQDKYRTITGMC
NNRRSPTLGASNRAFVRWLPAEYEDGFSLPYGWTPGVKRNGFPVALARAVSNEIVRFPTD
QLTPDQERSLMFMQWGQLLDHDLDFTPEPAARASFVTGVNCETSCVQQPPCFPLKIPPND
PRIKNQADCIPFFRSCPACPGSNITIRNQINALTSFVDASMVYGSEEPLARNLRNMSNQL
GLLAVNQRFQDNGRALLPFDNLHDDPCLLTNRSARIPCFLAGDTRSSEMPELTSMHTLLL
REHNRLATELKSLNPRWDGERLYQEARKIVGAMVQIITYRDYLPLVLGPTAMRKYLPTYR
SYNDSVDPRIANVFTNAFRYGHTLIQPFMFRLDNRYQPMEPNPRVPLSRVFFASWRVVLE
GGIDPILRGLMATPAKLNRQNQIAVDEIRERLFEQVMRIGLDLPALNMQRSRDHGLPGYN
AWRRFCGLPQPETVGQLGTVLRNLKLARKLMEQYGTPNNIDIWMGGVSEPLKRKGRVGPL
LACIIGTQFRKLRDGDRFWWENEGVFSMQQRQALAQISLPRIICDNTGITTVSKNNIFMS
NSYPRDFVNCSTLPALNLASWREAS</amino-acid-sequence>
        <gene-sequence format="FASTA">&gt;lcl|BSEQ0016304|Myeloperoxidase (MPO)
ATGGGGGTTCCCTTCTTCTCTTCTCTCAGATGCATGGTGGACTTAGGACCTTGCTGGGCT
GGGGGTCTCACTGCAGAGATGAAGCTGCTTCTGGCCCTAGCAGGGCTCCTGGCCATTCTG
GCCACGCCCCAGCCCTCTGAAGGTGCTGCTCCAGCTGTCCTGGGGGAGGTGGACACCTCG
TTGGTGCTGAGCTCCATGGAGGAGGCCAAGCAGCTGGTGGACAAGGCCTACAAGGAGCGG
CGGGAAAGCATCAAGCAGCGGCTTCGCAGCGGCTCAGCCAGCCCCATGGAACTCCTATCC
TACTTCAAGCAGCCGGTGGCAGCCACCAGGACGGCGGTGAGGGCCGCTGACTACCTGCAC
GTGGCTCTAGACCTGCTGGAGAGGAAGCTGCGGTCCCTGTGGCGAAGGCCATTCAATGTC
ACTGATGTGCTGACGCCCGCCCAGCTGAATGTGTTGTCCAAGTCAAGCGGCTGCGCCTAC
CAGGACGTGGGGGTGACTTGCCCGGAGCAGGACAAATACCGCACCATCACCGGGATGTGC
AACAACAGACGCAGCCCCACGCTGGGGGCCTCCAACCGTGCCTTTGTGCGCTGGCTGCCG
GCGGAGTATGAGGACGGCTTCTCTCTTCCCTACGGCTGGACGCCCGGGGTCAAGCGCAAC
GGCTTCCCGGTGGCTCTGGCTCGCGCGGTCTCCAACGAGATCGTGCGCTTCCCCACTGAT
CAGCTGACTCCGGACCAGGAGCGCTCACTCATGTTCATGCAATGGGGCCAGCTGTTGGAC
CACGACCTCGACTTCACCCCTGAGCCGGCCGCCCGGGCCTCCTTCGTCACTGGCGTCAAC
TGCGAGACCAGCTGCGTTCAGCAGCCGCCCTGCTTCCCGCTCAAGATCCCGCCCAATGAC
CCCCGCATCAAGAACCAAGCCGACTGCATCCCGTTCTTCCGCTCCTGCCCGGCTTGCCCC
GGGAGCAACATCACCATCCGCAACCAGATCAACGCGCTCACTTCCTTCGTGGACGCCAGC
ATGGTGTACGGCAGCGAGGAGCCCCTGGCCAGGAACCTGCGCAACATGTCCAACCAGCTG
GGGCTGCTGGCCGTCAACCAGCGCTTCCAAGACAACGGCCGGGCCCTGCTGCCCTTTGAC
AACCTGCACGATGACCCCTGTCTCCTCACCAACCGCTCAGCGCGCATCCCCTGCTTCCTG
GCAGGGGACACCCGTTCCAGTGAGATGCCCGAGCTCACCTCCATGCACACCCTCTTACTT
CGGGAGCACAACCGGCTGGCCACAGAGCTCAAGAGCCTGAACCCTAGGTGGGATGGGGAG
AGGCTCTACCAGGAAGCCCGGAAGATCGTGGGGGCCATGGTCCAGATCATCACTTACCGG
GACTACCTGCCCCTGGTGCTGGGGCCAACGGCCATGAGGAAGTACCTGCCCACGTACCGT
TCCTACAATGACTCAGTGGACCCACGCATCGCCAACGTCTTCACCAATGCCTTCCGCTAC
GGCCACACCCTCATCCAACCCTTCATGTTCCGCCTGGACAATCGGTACCAGCCCATGGAA
CCCAACCCCCGTGTCCCCCTCAGCAGGGTCTTTTTTGCCTCCTGGAGGGTCGTGCTGGAA
GGTGGCATTGACCCCATCCTCCGGGGCCTCATGGCCACCCCTGCCAAGCTGAATCGTCAG
AACCAAATTGCAGTGGATGAGATCCGGGAGCGATTGTTTGAGCAGGTCATGAGGATTGGG
CTGGACCTGCCTGCTCTGAACATGCAGCGCAGCAGGGACCACGGCCTCCCAGGATACAAT
GCCTGGAGGCGCTTCTGTGGGCTCCCGCAGCCTGAAACTGTGGGCCAGCTGGGCACGGTG
CTGAGGAACCTGAAATTGGCGAGGAAACTGATGGAGCAGTATGGCACGCCCAACAACATC
GACATCTGGATGGGCGGCGTGTCCGAGCCTCTGAAGCGCAAAGGCCGCGTGGGCCCACTC
CTCGCCTGCATCATCGGTACCCAGTTCAGGAAGCTCCGGGATGGTGATCGGTTTTGGTGG
GAGAACGAGGGTGTGTTCAGCATGCAGCAGCGACAGGCCCTGGCCCAGATCTCATTGCCC
CGGATCATCTGCGACAACACAGGCATCACCACCGTGTCTAAGAACAACATCTTCATGTCC
AACTCATATCCCCGGGACTTTGTCAACTGCAGTACACTTCCTGCATTGAACCTGGCTTCC
TGGAGGGAAGCCTCCTAG</gene-sequence>
        <pfams>
          <pfam>
            <identifier>PF03098</identifier>
            <name>An_peroxidase</name>
          </pfam>
        </pfams>
        <go-classifiers>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>azurophil granule</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>extracellular exosome</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>extracellular space</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>lysosome</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>mitochondrion</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>nucleus</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>secretory granule</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>chromatin binding</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>heme binding</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>heparin binding</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>metal ion binding</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>peroxidase activity</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>defense response</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>defense response to fungus</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>hydrogen peroxide catabolic process</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>hypochlorous acid biosynthetic process</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>negative regulation of apoptotic process</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>negative regulation of growth of symbiont in host</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>oxidation-reduction process</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>removal of superoxide radicals</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>respiratory burst involved in defense response</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>response to oxidative stress</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>response to yeast</description>
          </go-classifier>
        </go-classifiers>
      </polypeptide>
      <inhibition-strength>unknown</inhibition-strength>
      <induction-strength/>
    </enzyme>
  </enzymes>
  <carriers/>
  <transporters/>
</drug>
</drugbank>
