/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.hfile;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ArrayBackedTag;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseCommonTestingUtility;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseParameterizedTestTemplate;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseTestingUtility;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HConstants;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Tag;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.ByteBuffAllocator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.FSDataInputStreamWrapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.compress.Compression;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.compress.Compression.Algorithm;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.encoding.DataBlockEncoding;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.nio.ByteBuff;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.testclassification.IOTests;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.testclassification.SmallTests;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Writables;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableUtils;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestTemplate;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * Testing writing a version 3 {@link HFile}.
 */
@org.junit.jupiter.api.Tag(IOTests.TAG)
@org.junit.jupiter.api.Tag(SmallTests.TAG)
@HBaseParameterizedTestTemplate(name = "{index}: useTags={0}")
public class TestHFileWriterV3 {

  private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestHFileWriterV3.class);
  private static final HBaseTestingUtility TEST_UTIL = new HBaseTestingUtility();
  private static final Random RNG = new Random(9713312); // Just a fixed seed.

  private Configuration conf;
  private FileSystem fs;
  private boolean useTags;

  public TestHFileWriterV3(boolean useTags) {
    this.useTags = useTags;
  }

  public static Stream<Arguments> parameters() {
    return HBaseCommonTestingUtility.BOOLEAN_PARAMETERIZED.stream().map(arr -> Arguments.of(arr));
  }

  @BeforeEach
  public void setUp() throws IOException {
    conf = TEST_UTIL.getConfiguration();
    fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
  }

  @TestTemplate
  public void testHFileFormatV3() throws IOException {
    testHFileFormatV3Internals(useTags);
  }

  private void testHFileFormatV3Internals(boolean useTags) throws IOException {
    Path hfilePath = new Path(TEST_UTIL.getDataTestDir(), "testHFileFormatV3");
    final Compression.Algorithm compressAlgo = Compression.Algorithm.GZ;
    final int entryCount = 10000;
    writeDataAndReadFromHFile(hfilePath, compressAlgo, entryCount, false, useTags);
  }

  @TestTemplate
  public void testMidKeyInHFile() throws IOException {
    testMidKeyInHFileInternals(useTags);
  }

  private void testMidKeyInHFileInternals(boolean useTags) throws IOException {
    Path hfilePath = new Path(TEST_UTIL.getDataTestDir(), "testMidKeyInHFile");
    Compression.Algorithm compressAlgo = Compression.Algorithm.NONE;
    int entryCount = 50000;
    writeDataAndReadFromHFile(hfilePath, compressAlgo, entryCount, true, useTags);
  }

  private void writeDataAndReadFromHFile(Path hfilePath, Algorithm compressAlgo, int entryCount,
    boolean findMidKey, boolean useTags) throws IOException {
    HFileContext context = new HFileContextBuilder().withBlockSize(4096).withIncludesTags(useTags)
      .withDataBlockEncoding(DataBlockEncoding.NONE).withCompression(compressAlgo).build();
    CacheConfig cacheConfig = new CacheConfig(conf);
    HFile.Writer writer = new HFile.WriterFactory(conf, cacheConfig).withPath(fs, hfilePath)
      .withFileContext(context).create();

    List<KeyValue> keyValues = new ArrayList<>(entryCount);
    for (int i = 0; i < entryCount; ++i) {
      byte[] keyBytes = RandomKeyValueUtil.randomOrderedKey(RNG, i);
      // A random-length random value.
      byte[] valueBytes = RandomKeyValueUtil.randomValue(RNG);
      KeyValue keyValue = null;
      if (useTags) {
        ArrayList<Tag> tags = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int j = 0; j < 1 + RNG.nextInt(4); j++) {
          byte[] tagBytes = new byte[16];
          RNG.nextBytes(tagBytes);
          tags.add(new ArrayBackedTag((byte) 1, tagBytes));
        }
        keyValue =
          new KeyValue(keyBytes, null, null, HConstants.LATEST_TIMESTAMP, valueBytes, tags);
      } else {
        keyValue = new KeyValue(keyBytes, null, null, HConstants.LATEST_TIMESTAMP, valueBytes);
      }
      writer.append(keyValue);
      keyValues.add(keyValue);
    }

    // Add in an arbitrary order. They will be sorted lexicographically by
    // the key.
    writer.appendMetaBlock("CAPITAL_OF_USA", new Text("Washington, D.C."));
    writer.appendMetaBlock("CAPITAL_OF_RUSSIA", new Text("Moscow"));
    writer.appendMetaBlock("CAPITAL_OF_FRANCE", new Text("Paris"));

    writer.close();

    FSDataInputStream fsdis = fs.open(hfilePath);

    long fileSize = fs.getFileStatus(hfilePath).getLen();
    FixedFileTrailer trailer = FixedFileTrailer.readFromStream(fsdis, fileSize);

    assertEquals(3, trailer.getMajorVersion());
    assertEquals(entryCount, trailer.getEntryCount());
    HFileContext meta = new HFileContextBuilder().withCompression(compressAlgo)
      .withIncludesMvcc(false).withIncludesTags(useTags)
      .withDataBlockEncoding(DataBlockEncoding.NONE).withHBaseCheckSum(true).build();
    ReaderContext readerContext =
      new ReaderContextBuilder().withInputStreamWrapper(new FSDataInputStreamWrapper(fsdis))
        .withFilePath(hfilePath).withFileSystem(fs).withFileSize(fileSize).build();
    HFileBlock.FSReader blockReader =
      new HFileBlock.FSReaderImpl(readerContext, meta, ByteBuffAllocator.HEAP, conf);
    // Comparator class name is stored in the trailer in version 3.
    CellComparator comparator = trailer.createComparator();
    HFileBlockIndex.BlockIndexReader dataBlockIndexReader =
      new HFileBlockIndex.CellBasedKeyBlockIndexReaderV2(comparator,
        trailer.getNumDataIndexLevels());
    HFileBlockIndex.BlockIndexReader metaBlockIndexReader =
      new HFileBlockIndex.ByteArrayKeyBlockIndexReader(1);

    HFileBlock.BlockIterator blockIter = blockReader.blockRange(trailer.getLoadOnOpenDataOffset(),
      fileSize - trailer.getTrailerSize());
    // Data index. We also read statistics about the block index written after
    // the root level.
    dataBlockIndexReader.readMultiLevelIndexRoot(
      blockIter.nextBlockWithBlockType(BlockType.ROOT_INDEX), trailer.getDataIndexCount());

    FSDataInputStreamWrapper wrapper = new FSDataInputStreamWrapper(fs, hfilePath);
    readerContext = new ReaderContextBuilder().withFilePath(hfilePath).withFileSize(fileSize)
      .withFileSystem(wrapper.getHfs()).withInputStreamWrapper(wrapper).build();
    HFileInfo hfile = new HFileInfo(readerContext, conf);
    HFile.Reader reader = new HFilePreadReader(readerContext, hfile, cacheConfig, conf);
    hfile.initMetaAndIndex(reader);
    if (findMidKey) {
      Cell midkey = dataBlockIndexReader.midkey(reader);
      assertNotNull(midkey, "Midkey should not be null");
    }

    // Meta index.
    metaBlockIndexReader.readRootIndex(
      blockIter.nextBlockWithBlockType(BlockType.ROOT_INDEX).getByteStream(),
      trailer.getMetaIndexCount());
    // File info
    HFileInfo fileInfo = new HFileInfo();
    fileInfo.read(blockIter.nextBlockWithBlockType(BlockType.FILE_INFO).getByteStream());
    byte[] keyValueFormatVersion = fileInfo.get(HFileWriterImpl.KEY_VALUE_VERSION);
    boolean includeMemstoreTS =
      keyValueFormatVersion != null && Bytes.toInt(keyValueFormatVersion) > 0;

    // Counters for the number of key/value pairs and the number of blocks
    int entriesRead = 0;
    int blocksRead = 0;
    long memstoreTS = 0;

    // Scan blocks the way the reader would scan them
    fsdis.seek(0);
    long curBlockPos = 0;
    while (curBlockPos <= trailer.getLastDataBlockOffset()) {
      HFileBlock block =
        blockReader.readBlockData(curBlockPos, -1, false, false, true).unpack(context, blockReader);
      assertEquals(BlockType.DATA, block.getBlockType());
      ByteBuff buf = block.getBufferWithoutHeader();
      int keyLen = -1;
      while (buf.hasRemaining()) {

        keyLen = buf.getInt();

        int valueLen = buf.getInt();

        byte[] key = new byte[keyLen];
        buf.get(key);

        byte[] value = new byte[valueLen];
        buf.get(value);
        byte[] tagValue = null;
        if (useTags) {
          int tagLen = ((buf.get() & 0xff) << 8) ^ (buf.get() & 0xff);
          tagValue = new byte[tagLen];
          buf.get(tagValue);
        }

        if (includeMemstoreTS) {
          ByteArrayInputStream byte_input = new ByteArrayInputStream(buf.array(),
            buf.arrayOffset() + buf.position(), buf.remaining());
          DataInputStream data_input = new DataInputStream(byte_input);

          memstoreTS = WritableUtils.readVLong(data_input);
          buf.position(buf.position() + WritableUtils.getVIntSize(memstoreTS));
        }

        // A brute-force check to see that all keys and values are correct.
        KeyValue kv = keyValues.get(entriesRead);
        assertTrue(Bytes.compareTo(key, kv.getKey()) == 0);
        assertTrue(Bytes.compareTo(value, 0, value.length, kv.getValueArray(), kv.getValueOffset(),
          kv.getValueLength()) == 0);
        if (useTags) {
          assertNotNull(tagValue);
          KeyValue tkv = kv;
          assertEquals(tagValue.length, tkv.getTagsLength());
          assertTrue(Bytes.compareTo(tagValue, 0, tagValue.length, tkv.getTagsArray(),
            tkv.getTagsOffset(), tkv.getTagsLength()) == 0);
        }
        ++entriesRead;
      }
      ++blocksRead;
      curBlockPos += block.getOnDiskSizeWithHeader();
    }
    LOG.info("Finished reading: entries=" + entriesRead + ", blocksRead=" + blocksRead);
    assertEquals(entryCount, entriesRead);

    // Meta blocks. We can scan until the load-on-open data offset (which is
    // the root block index offset in version 2) because we are not testing
    // intermediate-level index blocks here.

    int metaCounter = 0;
    while (fsdis.getPos() < trailer.getLoadOnOpenDataOffset()) {
      LOG.info("Current offset: " + fsdis.getPos() + ", scanning until "
        + trailer.getLoadOnOpenDataOffset());
      HFileBlock block =
        blockReader.readBlockData(curBlockPos, -1, false, false, true).unpack(context, blockReader);
      assertEquals(BlockType.META, block.getBlockType());
      Text t = new Text();
      ByteBuff buf = block.getBufferWithoutHeader();
      if (Writables.getWritable(buf.array(), buf.arrayOffset(), buf.limit(), t) == null) {
        throw new IOException(
          "Failed to deserialize block " + this + " into a " + t.getClass().getSimpleName());
      }
      Text expectedText = (metaCounter == 0 ? new Text("Paris")
        : metaCounter == 1 ? new Text("Moscow")
        : new Text("Washington, D.C."));
      assertEquals(expectedText, t);
      LOG.info("Read meta block data: " + t);
      ++metaCounter;
      curBlockPos += block.getOnDiskSizeWithHeader();
    }

    fsdis.close();
    reader.close();
  }
}
