TY - JOUR AU - Pirela, Sandra V. AU - Miousse, Isabelle R. AU - Lu, Xiaoyan AU - Castranova, Vincent AU - Thomas, Treye AU - Qian, Yong AU - Bello, Dhimiter AU - Kobzik, Lester AU - Koturbash, Igor AU - Demokritou, Philip T1 - Effects of Laser Printer-Emitted Engineered Nanoparticles on Cytotoxicity, Chemokine Expression, Reactive Oxygen Species, DNA Methylation, and DNA Damage: A Comprehensive in Vitro Analysis in Human Small Airway Epithelial Cells, Macrophages, and Lymphoblasts. JO - Environmental Health Perspectives JF - Environmental Health Perspectives Y1 - 2016/02// VL - 124 IS - 2 M3 - Article SP - 210 EP - 219 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 00916765 AB - BACKGROUND: Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) incorporated into toner formulations of printing equipment become airborne during consumer use. Although information on the complex physico-chemical and toxicological properties of both toner powders and printer-emitted particles (PEPs) continues to grow, most toxicological studies have not used the actual PEPs but rather have primarily used raw toner powders, which are not representative of current exposures experienced at the consumer level during printing. OBJECTIVES: We assessed the biological responses of a panel of human cell lines to PEPs. METHODS: Three physiologically relevant cell lines--small airway epithelial cells (SAECs), macrophages (THP-1 cells), and lymphoblasts (TK6 cells)--were exposed to PEPs at a wide range of doses (0.5-100 μg/mL) corresponding to human inhalation exposure durations at the consumer level of 8 hr or more. Following treatment, toxicological parameters reflecting distinct mechanisms were evaluated. RESULTS: PEPS caused significant membrane integrity damage, an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine release in different cell lines at doses equivalent to exposure durations from 7.8 to 1,500 hr. Furthermore, there were differences in methylation patterns that, although not statistically significant, demonstrate the potential effects of PEPs on the overall epigenome following exposure. CONCLUSIONS: The in vitro findings obtained in this study suggest that laser printer--emitted engineered nanoparticles may be deleterious to lung cells and provide preliminary evidence of epigenetic modifications that might translate to pulmonary disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of Superintendent of Documents and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - ANALYSIS of DNA KW - ACTIVE oxygen KW - BIOLOGICAL assay KW - CELL culture KW - CELL membranes KW - CELL physiology KW - CHEMOKINES KW - COMPUTER peripherals KW - CYTOKINES KW - EPITHELIAL cells KW - INFLAMMATION -- Mediators KW - LASERS KW - LYMPHOCYTES KW - MACROPHAGES KW - MUTAGENICITY testing KW - NANOPARTICLES KW - POLYMERASE chain reaction KW - PROBABILITY theory KW - RADIATION dosimetry KW - RESEARCH -- Finance KW - STATISTICS KW - TOXICITY testing KW - DATA analysis KW - ENVIRONMENTAL exposure KW - REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction KW - DATA analysis -- Software KW - DNA methylation KW - DESCRIPTIVE statistics KW - IN vitro studies KW - ONE-way analysis of variance N1 - Accession Number: 113009688; Pirela, Sandra V. 1; Miousse, Isabelle R. 2; Lu, Xiaoyan 1; Castranova, Vincent 3; Thomas, Treye 4; Qian, Yong 5; Bello, Dhimiter 1,6; Kobzik, Lester 1; Koturbash, Igor 2; Demokritou, Philip 1; Email Address: pdemokri@hsph.harvard.edu; Source Information: Feb2016, Vol. 124 Issue 2, p210; Subject: ANALYSIS of DNA; Subject: ACTIVE oxygen; Subject: BIOLOGICAL assay; Subject: CELL culture; Subject: CELL membranes; Subject: CELL physiology; Subject: CHEMOKINES; Subject: COMPUTER peripherals; Subject: CYTOKINES; Subject: EPITHELIAL cells; Subject: INFLAMMATION -- Mediators; Subject: LASERS; Subject: LYMPHOCYTES; Subject: MACROPHAGES; Subject: MUTAGENICITY testing; Subject: NANOPARTICLES; Subject: POLYMERASE chain reaction; Subject: PROBABILITY theory; Subject: RADIATION dosimetry; Subject: RESEARCH -- Finance; Subject: STATISTICS; Subject: TOXICITY testing; Subject: DATA analysis; Subject: ENVIRONMENTAL exposure; Subject: REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; Subject: DATA analysis -- Software; Subject: DNA methylation; Subject: DESCRIPTIVE statistics; Subject: IN vitro studies; Subject: ONE-way analysis of variance; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article; Full Text Word Count: 10528 L3 - 10.1289/ehp.1409582 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hxh&AN=113009688&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - hxh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Addo Ntim, Susana AU - Thomas, Treye A. AU - Begley, Timothy H. AU - Noonan, Gregory O. T1 - Characterisation and potential migration of silver nanoparticles from commercially available polymeric food contact materials. JO - Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A: Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment JF - Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A: Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment Y1 - 2015/06// VL - 32 IS - 6 M3 - Article SP - 1003 EP - 1011 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd SN - 19440049 AB - The potential for consumer exposure to nano-components in food contact materials (FCMs) is dependent on the migration of nanomaterials into food. Therefore, characterising the physico-chemical properties and potential for migration of constituents is an important step in assessing the safety of FCMs. A number of commercially available food storage products, purchased domestically within the United States and internationally, that claim to contain nanosilver were evaluated. The products were made of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyphenylene ether sulfone and all contained silver (0.001–36 mg kg–1of polymer). Silver migration was measured under various conditions, including using 3% acetic acid and water as food simulants. Low concentrations (sub-ppb levels) of silver were detected in the migration studies generally following a trend characterised by a surface desorption phenomenon, where the majority of the silver migration occurred in the first of three consecutive exposures. Silver nanoparticles were not detected in food simulants, suggesting that the silver migration may be due solely to ionic silver released into solution from oxidation of the silver nanoparticle surface. The absence of detectable silver nanoparticles was consistent with expectations from a physico-chemical view point. For the products tested, current USFDA guidance for evaluating migration from FCMs was applicable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A: Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - SILVER nanoparticles KW - NANOSTRUCTURED materials KW - ACETIC acid KW - OXIDATION KW - FOOD -- Storage KW - AF4 KW - characterisation KW - food contact materials KW - migration KW - silver nanoparticles KW - UNITED States. Food & Drug Administration N1 - Accession Number: 102578257; Addo Ntim, Susana 1 Thomas, Treye A. 2 Begley, Timothy H. 1 Noonan, Gregory O. 1; Affiliation: 1: US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA 2: US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, Bethesda, MD, USA; Source Info: Jun2015, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p1003; Subject Term: SILVER nanoparticles; Subject Term: NANOSTRUCTURED materials; Subject Term: ACETIC acid; Subject Term: OXIDATION; Subject Term: FOOD -- Storage; Author-Supplied Keyword: AF4; Author-Supplied Keyword: characterisation; Author-Supplied Keyword: food contact materials; Author-Supplied Keyword: migration; Author-Supplied Keyword: silver nanoparticles; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Food & Drug Administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1080/19440049.2015.1029994 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=102578257&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Strickland, Judy AU - Zang, Qingda AU - Paris, Michael AU - Lehmann, David M. AU - Allen, David AU - Choksi, Neepa AU - Matheson, Joanna AU - Jacobs, Abigail AU - Casey, Warren AU - Kleinstreuer, Nicole T1 - Multivariate models for prediction of human skin sensitization hazard. JO - Journal of Applied Toxicology JF - Journal of Applied Toxicology Y1 - 2017/03// VL - 37 IS - 3 M3 - Article SP - 347 EP - 360 SN - 0260437X AB - One of the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Method's (ICCVAM) top priorities is the development and evaluation of non-animal approaches to identify potential skin sensitizers. The complexity of biological events necessary to produce skin sensitization suggests that no single alternative method will replace the currently accepted animal tests. ICCVAM is evaluating an integrated approach to testing and assessment based on the adverse outcome pathway for skin sensitization that uses machine learning approaches to predict human skin sensitization hazard. We combined data from three in chemico or in vitro assays - the direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA), human cell line activation test (h-CLAT) and KeratinoSens™ assay - six physicochemical properties and an in silico read-across prediction of skin sensitization hazard into 12 variable groups. The variable groups were evaluated using two machine learning approaches, logistic regression and support vector machine, to predict human skin sensitization hazard. Models were trained on 72 substances and tested on an external set of 24 substances. The six models (three logistic regression and three support vector machine) with the highest accuracy (92%) used: (1) DPRA, h-CLAT and read-across; (2) DPRA, h-CLAT, read-across and KeratinoSens; or (3) DPRA, h-CLAT, read-across, KeratinoSens and log P. The models performed better at predicting human skin sensitization hazard than the murine local lymph node assay (accuracy 88%), any of the alternative methods alone (accuracy 63-79%) or test batteries combining data from the individual methods (accuracy 75%). These results suggest that computational methods are promising tools to identify effectively the potential human skin sensitizers without animal testing. Published 2016. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Journal of Applied Toxicology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - Skin -- Infections KW - Contact dermatitis KW - Keratinocytes -- Differentiation KW - Machine learning KW - Toxicity testing -- In vivo KW - allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) KW - DPRA KW - h-CLAT KW - integrated decision strategy KW - KeratinoSens KW - LLNA KW - machine learning KW - Skin sensitization N1 - Accession Number: 120772056; Strickland, Judy 1; Zang, Qingda 1; Paris, Michael 1; Lehmann, David M. 2; Allen, David 1; Choksi, Neepa 1; Matheson, Joanna 3; Jacobs, Abigail 4; Casey, Warren 5; Kleinstreuer, Nicole 5; Affiliations: 1: ILS; 2: US Environmental Protection Agency; 3: US Consumer Product Safety Commission; 4: US Food and Drug Administration; 5: National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences; Issue Info: Mar2017, Vol. 37 Issue 3, p347; Subject Term: Skin -- Infections; Subject Term: Contact dermatitis; Subject Term: Keratinocytes -- Differentiation; Subject Term: Machine learning; Subject Term: Toxicity testing -- In vivo; Author-Supplied Keyword: allergic contact dermatitis (ACD); Author-Supplied Keyword: DPRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: h-CLAT; Author-Supplied Keyword: integrated decision strategy; Author-Supplied Keyword: KeratinoSens; Author-Supplied Keyword: LLNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: machine learning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Skin sensitization; Number of Pages: 14p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1002/jat.3366 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=120772056&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - eih ER - TY - JOUR ID - 113009688 T1 - Effects of Laser Printer-Emitted Engineered Nanoparticles on Cytotoxicity, Chemokine Expression, Reactive Oxygen Species, DNA Methylation, and DNA Damage: A Comprehensive in Vitro Analysis in Human Small Airway Epithelial Cells, Macrophages, and Lymphoblasts. AU - Pirela, Sandra V. AU - Miousse, Isabelle R. AU - Lu, Xiaoyan AU - Castranova, Vincent AU - Thomas, Treye AU - Qian, Yong AU - Bello, Dhimiter AU - Kobzik, Lester AU - Koturbash, Igor AU - Demokritou, Philip Y1 - 2016/02// N1 - Accession Number: 113009688. Language: English. Entry Date: 20160218. Revision Date: 20160429. Publication Type: Article. Journal Subset: Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; Public Health; USA. Grant Information: This study was funded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety Health (NIOSH)/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) (NIOSH and CPSC grant 212-2012-M-51174), the National Institutes of Health (NIH grant HL007118), the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS/NIH Clinical and Translational Science Award UL1TR000039 and KL2TR000063), and the Arkansas Biosciences Institute, a major research component of the Arkansas Tobacco Settlement Proceeds Act of 2000.. NLM UID: 0330411. KW - Lasers KW - Nanoparticles -- Adverse Effects KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Chemokines -- Analysis KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- Analysis KW - DNA Methylation KW - DNA -- Analysis KW - Computer Peripherals KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Human KW - In Vitro Studies KW - Cell Culture Techniques KW - Lymphocytes KW - Epithelial Cells KW - Macrophages KW - Cell Membrane KW - Cytokines -- Analysis KW - Descriptive Statistics KW - Dosimetry KW - Biological Assay KW - Data Analysis Software KW - Post Hoc Analysis KW - One-Way Analysis of Variance KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Cell Physiology KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Inflammation Mediators KW - P-Value KW - Funding Source SP - 210 EP - 219 JO - Environmental Health Perspectives JF - Environmental Health Perspectives JA - ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT VL - 124 IS - 2 CY - Washington, District of Columbia PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0091-6765 AD - Department of Environmental Health, Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA AD - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA AD - Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Rockville, Maryland, USA AD - Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA AD - Department of Work Environment, University of Massachusetts-Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA DO - 10.1289/ehp.1409582 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=113009688&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Strickland, Judy AU - Zang, Qingda AU - Kleinstreuer, Nicole AU - Paris, Michael AU - Lehmann, David M. AU - Choksi, Neepa AU - Matheson, Joanna AU - Jacobs, Abigail AU - Lowit, Anna AU - Allen, David AU - Casey, Warren T1 - Integrated decision strategies for skin sensitization hazard. JO - Journal of Applied Toxicology JF - Journal of Applied Toxicology Y1 - 2016/09// VL - 36 IS - 9 M3 - Article SP - 1150 EP - 1162 SN - 0260437X AB - One of the top priorities of the Interagency Coordinating Committee for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) is the identification and evaluation of non-animal alternatives for skin sensitization testing. Although skin sensitization is a complex process, the key biological events of the process have been well characterized in an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) proposed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Accordingly, ICCVAM is working to develop integrated decision strategies based on the AOP using in vitro, in chemico and in silico information. Data were compiled for 120 substances tested in the murine local lymph node assay (LLNA), direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA), human cell line activation test (h-CLAT) and KeratinoSens assay. Data for six physicochemical properties, which may affect skin penetration, were also collected, and skin sensitization read-across predictions were performed using OECD QSAR Toolbox. All data were combined into a variety of potential integrated decision strategies to predict LLNA outcomes using a training set of 94 substances and an external test set of 26 substances. Fifty-four models were built using multiple combinations of machine learning approaches and predictor variables. The seven models with the highest accuracy (89-96% for the test set and 96-99% for the training set) for predicting LLNA outcomes used a support vector machine (SVM) approach with different combinations of predictor variables. The performance statistics of the SVM models were higher than any of the non-animal tests alone and higher than simple test battery approaches using these methods. These data suggest that computational approaches are promising tools to effectively integrate data sources to identify potential skin sensitizers without animal testing. Published 2016. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Journal of Applied Toxicology is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - Hazards KW - Lymphatics KW - Lymph nodes KW - Chemiluminescence KW - Sensitizers KW - allergic contact dermatitis KW - DPRA KW - h-CLAT KW - integrated decision strategy KW - KeratinoSens KW - LLNA KW - machine learning KW - skin sensitization KW - support vector machine N1 - Accession Number: 116791931; Strickland, Judy 1; Zang, Qingda 1; Kleinstreuer, Nicole 1; Paris, Michael 1; Lehmann, David M. 2; Choksi, Neepa 1; Matheson, Joanna 3; Jacobs, Abigail 4; Lowit, Anna 5; Allen, David 1; Casey, Warren 6; Affiliations: 1: ILS; 2: EPA/NHEERL/EPHD/CIB; 3: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; 4: FDA/CDER; 5: EPA/OCSPP/OPP/HED; 6: NIH/NIEHS/DNTP/NICEATM; Issue Info: Sep2016, Vol. 36 Issue 9, p1150; Thesaurus Term: Hazards; Subject Term: Lymphatics; Subject Term: Lymph nodes; Subject Term: Chemiluminescence; Subject Term: Sensitizers; Author-Supplied Keyword: allergic contact dermatitis; Author-Supplied Keyword: DPRA; Author-Supplied Keyword: h-CLAT; Author-Supplied Keyword: integrated decision strategy; Author-Supplied Keyword: KeratinoSens; Author-Supplied Keyword: LLNA; Author-Supplied Keyword: machine learning; Author-Supplied Keyword: skin sensitization; Author-Supplied Keyword: support vector machine; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1002/jat.3281 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=116791931&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - eih ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pirela, Sandra V. AU - Pyrgiotakis, Georgios AU - Bello, Dhimiter AU - Thomas, Treye AU - Castranova, Vincent AU - Demokritou, Philip T1 - Development and characterization of an exposure platform suitable for physico-chemical, morphological and toxicological characterization of printer-emitted particles (PEPs). JO - Inhalation Toxicology JF - Inhalation Toxicology Y1 - 2014/06// VL - 26 IS - 7 M3 - Article SP - 400 EP - 408 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd SN - 08958378 AB - An association between laser printer use and emissions of particulate matter (PM), ozone and volatile organic compounds has been reported in recent studies. However, the detailed physico-chemical, morphological and toxicological characterization of these printer-emitted particles (PEPs) and possible incorporation of engineered nanomaterials into toner formulations remain largely unknown. In this study, a printer exposure generation system suitable for the physico-chemical, morphological, and toxicological characterization of PEPs was developed and used to assess the properties of PEPs from the use of commercially available laser printers. The system consists of a glovebox type environmental chamber for uninterrupted printer operation, real-time and time-integrated particle sampling instrumentation for the size fractionation and sampling of PEPs and an exposure chamber for inhalation toxicological studies. Eleven commonly used laser printers were evaluated and ranked based on their PM emission profiles. Results show PM peak emissions are brand independent and varied between 3000 to 1 300 000 particles/cm3, with modal diameters ranging from 49 to 208 nm, with the majority of PEPs in the nanoscale (<100 nm) size. Furthermore, it was shown that PEPs can be affected by certain operational parameters and printing conditions. The release of nanoscale particles from a nano-enabled product (printer toner) raises questions about health implications to users. The presented PEGS platform will help in assessing the toxicological profile of PEPs and the link to the physico-chemical and morphological properties of emitted PM and toner formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Inhalation Toxicology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - LASER printers KW - INK cartridges KW - NANOPARTICLES KW - INDUSTRIAL toxicology KW - PARTICULATE matter KW - AIR pollutants KW - Exposure platform KW - laser printers KW - nanoparticles KW - occupational exposures KW - printer emitted particles N1 - Accession Number: 96201638; Pirela, Sandra V. 1 Pyrgiotakis, Georgios 1 Bello, Dhimiter 2 Thomas, Treye 3 Castranova, Vincent 4 Demokritou, Philip 1; Affiliation: 1: Department of Environmental Health, Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA USA 2: Department of Work Environment, University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell, MA USA 3: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction Rockville, MD USA 4: National Institute for Occupational Health and Safety, Health Effects Laboratory Division (HELD) Morgantown, WV USA; Source Info: Jun2014, Vol. 26 Issue 7, p400; Subject Term: LASER printers; Subject Term: INK cartridges; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: INDUSTRIAL toxicology; Subject Term: PARTICULATE matter; Subject Term: AIR pollutants; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exposure platform; Author-Supplied Keyword: laser printers; Author-Supplied Keyword: nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: occupational exposures; Author-Supplied Keyword: printer emitted particles; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417230 Industrial machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 424120 Stationery and Office Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325999 All other miscellaneous chemical product manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.3109/08958378.2014.908987 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=96201638&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Addo Ntim, Susana AU - Thomas, Treye A. AU - Noonan, Gregory O. T1 - Influence of aqueous food simulants on potential nanoparticle detection in migration studies involving nanoenabled food-contact substances. JO - Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A: Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment JF - Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A: Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment Y1 - 2016/05// VL - 33 IS - 5 M3 - Article SP - 905 EP - 912 SN - 19440049 AB - Research focused on assessing potential consumer exposure to nanoparticles released from nano-enabled food-contact materials (FCMs) has often reached conflicting conclusions regarding the detection of migrating nanoparticles. These conflicting conclusions, coupled with the potential for nanoparticles to be unstable in certain food simulants, has necessitated a closer look at the role played by food simulants recommended for use in nanoparticle migration evaluation. The influence of aqueous food simulants on nanoparticles under migration evaluation conditions is reported herein. The stability of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) spiked into three food simulants (water, 10% ethanol and 3% acetic acid) was investigated using asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4), ultrafiltration, electron microscopy (EM), and single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (sp-ICP-MS). While 3% acetic acid induced significant oxidative dissolution of AgNP to silver ions, there were very minor to no changes in the physicochemical properties of AgNP in water and 10% ethanol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A: Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - SILVER nanoparticles KW - FIELD-flow fractionation KW - INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry KW - ACETIC acid -- Physiological effect KW - SILVER ions KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL aspects KW - AF4 KW - food simulant KW - Silver nanoparticles KW - sp-ICP-MS KW - stability N1 - Accession Number: 116265784; Addo Ntim, Susana 1 Thomas, Treye A. 2 Noonan, Gregory O. 1; Affiliation: 1: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), College Park, MD, USA 2: Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, USA; Source Info: May2016, Vol. 33 Issue 5, p905; Subject Term: SILVER nanoparticles; Subject Term: FIELD-flow fractionation; Subject Term: INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Subject Term: ACETIC acid -- Physiological effect; Subject Term: SILVER ions; Subject Term: PHYSIOLOGICAL aspects; Author-Supplied Keyword: AF4; Author-Supplied Keyword: food simulant; Author-Supplied Keyword: Silver nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: sp-ICP-MS; Author-Supplied Keyword: stability; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1080/19440049.2016.1174506 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=116265784&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kleinstreuer, Nicole C. AU - Sullivan, Kristie AU - Allen, David AU - Edwards, Stephen AU - Mendrick, Donna L. AU - Embry, Michelle AU - Matheson, Joanna AU - Rowlands, J. Craig AU - Munn, Sharon AU - Maull, Elizabeth AU - Casey, Warren T1 - Adverse outcome pathways: From research to regulation scientific workshop report. JO - Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP JF - Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP Y1 - 2016/04// VL - 76 M3 - Article SP - 39 EP - 50 SN - 02732300 AB - An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) helps to organize existing knowledge on chemical mode of action, starting with a molecular initiating event such as receptor binding, continuing through key events, and ending with an adverse outcome such as reproductive impairment. AOPs can help identify knowledge gaps where more research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms, aid in chemical hazard characterization, and guide the development of new testing approaches that use fewer or no animals. A September 2014 workshop in Bethesda, Maryland considered how the AOP concept could improve regulatory assessments of chemical toxicity. Scientists from 21 countries, representing industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and special interest groups, attended the workshop, titled Adverse Outcome Pathways: From Research to Regulation. Workshop plenary presentations were followed by breakout sessions that considered regulatory acceptance of AOPs and AOP-based tools, criteria for building confidence in an AOP for regulatory use, and requirements to build quantitative AOPs and AOP networks. Discussions during the closing session emphasized a need to increase transparent and inclusive collaboration, especially with disciplines outside of toxicology. Additionally, to increase impact, working groups should be established to systematically prioritize and develop AOPs. Multiple collaborative projects and follow-up activities resulted from the workshop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - DRUGS -- Toxicology KW - DRUGS -- Side effects KW - INFORMATION technology KW - KNOWLEDGE base KW - Acceptance KW - AO adverse outcome KW - AOP KW - AOP adverse outcome pathway KW - AOP-KB AOP Knowledge Base KW - Application KW - Computational KW - Criteria KW - EAGMST Extended Advisory Group for Molecular Screening and Toxicogenomics KW - EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - IATA integrated approaches to testing and assessment KW - IT Information Technology KW - KE key event KW - KER key event relationship KW - MIE molecular initiating event KW - MoA mode of action KW - NCATS National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences KW - NICEATM National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods KW - OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development KW - Pathway KW - PCRM Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine KW - Quantitative KW - Regulatory KW - Toxicology KW - Workshop KW - ORGANISATION for Economic Co-operation & Development KW - PHYSICIANS Committee for Responsible Medicine N1 - Accession Number: 114987152; Kleinstreuer, Nicole C. 1; Email Address: Nicole.kleinstreuer@nih.gov Sullivan, Kristie 2 Allen, David 3 Edwards, Stephen 4 Mendrick, Donna L. 5 Embry, Michelle 6 Matheson, Joanna 7 Rowlands, J. Craig 8 Munn, Sharon 9 Maull, Elizabeth 1 Casey, Warren 1; Affiliation: 1: National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA 2: Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA 3: Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA 4: National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA 5: National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA 6: ILSI Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, USA 7: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Rockville, MD, USA 8: The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA 9: Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy; Source Info: Apr2016, Vol. 76, p39; Subject Term: DRUGS -- Toxicology; Subject Term: DRUGS -- Side effects; Subject Term: INFORMATION technology; Subject Term: KNOWLEDGE base; Author-Supplied Keyword: Acceptance; Author-Supplied Keyword: AO adverse outcome; Author-Supplied Keyword: AOP; Author-Supplied Keyword: AOP adverse outcome pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: AOP-KB AOP Knowledge Base; Author-Supplied Keyword: Application; Author-Supplied Keyword: Computational; Author-Supplied Keyword: Criteria; Author-Supplied Keyword: EAGMST Extended Advisory Group for Molecular Screening and Toxicogenomics; Author-Supplied Keyword: EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Author-Supplied Keyword: IATA integrated approaches to testing and assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: IT Information Technology; Author-Supplied Keyword: KE key event; Author-Supplied Keyword: KER key event relationship; Author-Supplied Keyword: MIE molecular initiating event; Author-Supplied Keyword: MoA mode of action; Author-Supplied Keyword: NCATS National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; Author-Supplied Keyword: NICEATM National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pathway; Author-Supplied Keyword: PCRM Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quantitative; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regulatory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxicology; Author-Supplied Keyword: Workshop; Company/Entity: ORGANISATION for Economic Co-operation & Development Company/Entity: PHYSICIANS Committee for Responsible Medicine; NAICS/Industry Codes: 919110 International and other extra-territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 928120 International Affairs; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.01.007 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=114987152&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - IIIPlatten, William E. AU - Sylvest, Nicholas AU - Warren, Casey AU - Arambewela, Mahendranath AU - Harmon, Steve AU - Bradham, Karen AU - Rogers, Kim AU - Thomas, Treye AU - Luxton, Todd Peter T1 - Estimating dermal transfer of copper particles from the surfaces of pressure-treated lumber and implications for exposure. JO - Science of the Total Environment JF - Science of the Total Environment Y1 - 2016/04// VL - 548 M3 - Article SP - 441 EP - 449 SN - 00489697 AB - Lumber pressure-treated with micronized copper was examined for the release of copper and copper micro/nanoparticles using a surface wipe method to simulate dermal transfer. In 2003, the wood industry began replacing CCA treated lumber products for residential use with copper based formulations. Micronized copper (nano to micron sized particles) has become the preferred treatment formulation. There is a lack of information on the release of copper, the fate of the particles during dermal contact, and the copper exposure level to children from hand-to-mouth transfer. For the current study, three treated lumber products, two micronized copper and one ionic copper, were purchased from commercial retailers. The boards were left to weather outdoors for approximately 1 year. Over the year time period, hand wipe samples were collected periodically to determine copper transfer from the wood surfaces. The two micronized formulations and the ionic formulation released similar levels of total copper. The amount of copper released was high initially, but decreased to a constant level (~ 1.5 mg m − 2 ) after the first month of outdoor exposure. Copper particles were identified on the sampling cloths during the first two months of the experiment, after which the levels of copper were insufficient to collect interpretable data. After 1 month, the particles exhibited minimal changes in shape and size. At the end of 2-months, significant deterioration of the particles was evident. Based on the wipe sample data, a playground visit may result in a potential exposure to 2.58 mg of copper, which is near or exceeds the daily tolerable upper intake limits for children under the age of 8, if completely ingested through hand-to-mouth transfer. While nanoparticles were found, there is not enough information to estimate the exposure from the released particles due to a lack of published literature on copper carbonate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - LUMBER KW - COPPER -- Environmental aspects KW - ENVIRONMENTAL exposure KW - NANOPARTICLES -- Environmental aspects KW - SKIN diseases KW - CHILDREN -- Health KW - Copper exposure KW - Copper speciation KW - Ionic copper KW - Micronized copper azole KW - Nanoparticle KW - Pressure-treated wood N1 - Accession Number: 113053028; IIIPlatten, William E. 1 Sylvest, Nicholas 1 Warren, Casey 1 Arambewela, Mahendranath 1 Harmon, Steve 2 Bradham, Karen 3 Rogers, Kim 3 Thomas, Treye 4 Luxton, Todd Peter 2; Email Address: Luxton.Todd@epa.gov; Affiliation: 1: Pegasus Technical Services, Inc., 46 E. Hollister St., Cincinnati, OH 45219, United States 2: National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States 3: National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 109 TW Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States 4: Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway Suite 600, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States; Source Info: Apr2016, Vol. 548, p441; Subject Term: LUMBER; Subject Term: COPPER -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL exposure; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES -- Environmental aspects; Subject Term: SKIN diseases; Subject Term: CHILDREN -- Health; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Copper speciation; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ionic copper; Author-Supplied Keyword: Micronized copper azole; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanoparticle; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pressure-treated wood; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331420 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321114 Wood Preservation; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321912 Cut Stock, Resawing Lumber, and Planing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321919 Other millwork; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423310 Lumber, Plywood, Millwork, and Wood Panel Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 444190 Other Building Material Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 484233 Forest products trucking, long distance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321113 Sawmills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 321111 Sawmills (except shingle and shake mills); NAICS/Industry Codes: 416320 Lumber, plywood and millwork merchant wholesalers; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.108 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=113053028&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Miller, Ted AU - Bhattacharya, Soma AU - Zamula, William AU - Lezotte, Dennis AU - Kowalske, Karen AU - Herndon, David AU - Fauerbach, James AU - Engrav, Loren T1 - Quality-of-life loss of people admitted to burn centers, United States. JO - Quality of Life Research JF - Quality of Life Research Y1 - 2013/11// VL - 22 IS - 9 M3 - Article SP - 2293 EP - 2305 PB - Springer Science & Business Media B.V. SN - 09629343 AB - Purpose: To estimate quality-of-life loss per serious burn survivor in a large U.S. cohort. Methods: Longitudinal functional assessments of all 1,587 people receiving primary treatment in 5 burn centers between 2000 and 2009 included pre-burn (retrospective), at time of discharge, and 6, 12, and 24 months post-injury. We assessed adults with RAND Short Form (SF) 12 and children with SF-10 or Child Health Questionnaire, the child surveys scored using standard norms-based scoring. A literature review identified 20 quality-adjusted life year utility scorings for SF-12 and 27 scorings for EQ-5d response distributions predicted from SF-12 scores. We computed composite scores for each patient and time period by applying 32 scorings that met quality/non-duplication criteria. Results: Mean quality-of-life scores were 0.805 4 weeks pre-burn, 0.562 at discharge, rebounded through 1 year, and stabilized at 0.735 (0.750 for TBSA burned below 25 %, 0.722 for TBSA burned of 25–50 %, and 0.695 for larger burns). As a percentage of initial levels, burns reduced short-term quality of life by 30 %. Long-term loss averaged 11 %, ranging from 9 % for TBSA burned below 25–13 % for TBSA burned above 50 %. Children recovered faster and more fully. Conclusion: Burns cause substantial losses in quality of life, with long-term losses comparable to traumatic brain injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Quality of Life Research is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - QUALITY of life KW - BURN care units KW - HOSPITALS -- Admission & discharge KW - BURNS & scalds KW - CHILDREN -- Health KW - SYSTEMATIC reviews (Medical research) KW - UNITED States KW - Burn KW - EQ-5d KW - QALY KW - SF-12 KW - Systematic review of scorings N1 - Accession Number: 92695389; Miller, Ted 1; Email Address: miller@pire.org Bhattacharya, Soma 1 Zamula, William 2 Lezotte, Dennis 3 Kowalske, Karen 4 Herndon, David 5 Fauerbach, James 6 Engrav, Loren 7; Affiliation: 1: Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, MD, USA 2: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, USA 3: University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Lakeland, CO, USA 4: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA 5: University of Texas Medical Branch and Shriner’s Hospital, Galveston, TX, USA 6: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA 7: Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Source Info: Nov2013, Vol. 22 Issue 9, p2293; Subject Term: QUALITY of life; Subject Term: BURN care units; Subject Term: HOSPITALS -- Admission & discharge; Subject Term: BURNS & scalds; Subject Term: CHILDREN -- Health; Subject Term: SYSTEMATIC reviews (Medical research); Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Burn; Author-Supplied Keyword: EQ-5d; Author-Supplied Keyword: QALY; Author-Supplied Keyword: SF-12; Author-Supplied Keyword: Systematic review of scorings; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1007/s11136-012-0321-5 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=92695389&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brenner, Ruth A. AU - Taneja, Gitanjali S. AU - Schroeder, Thomas J. AU - Trumble, Ann C. AU - Moyer, Patricia M. AU - Louis, Germaine M. Buck T1 - Unintentional injuries among youth with developmental disabilities in the United States, 2006–2007. JO - International Journal of Injury Control & Safety Promotion JF - International Journal of Injury Control & Safety Promotion Y1 - 2013/09// VL - 20 IS - 3 M3 - Article SP - 259 EP - 265 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd SN - 17457300 AB - We examined unintentional injury among youth with and without developmental disabilities. Our nationally representative sample included 6369 injured youth, aged 0–17 years, who were seen in one of the 63 US hospital emergency rooms that participated in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System – All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) in 2006–2007. Parents or guardians of injured youth were interviewed by telephone after the hospital visit to ascertain disability status. Denominator data were obtained from the National Health Interview Survey. Leading causes of injury were comparable for youth with and without disability. Injury rates (per 100 youth per year) were also comparable [10.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.8, 13.0 and 10.5; 95% CI 8.2, 12.9, for youth with and without disability, respectively]. When examined by specific disability, the rate ratio for youth with learning disabilities versus youth without learning disability was 1.57 (95% CI 1.04, 2.10), which may represent a subgroup for targeted interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of International Journal of Injury Control & Safety Promotion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - DISABILITIES KW - WOUNDS & injuries KW - HOSPITAL emergency services KW - GUARDIAN & ward KW - YOUTH KW - PUBLIC health surveillance KW - developmental disability KW - injury KW - learning disability N1 - Accession Number: 90178776; Brenner, Ruth A. 1; Email Address: Brennerr@mail.nih.gov Taneja, Gitanjali S. 1 Schroeder, Thomas J. 2 Trumble, Ann C. 3 Moyer, Patricia M. 3 Louis, Germaine M. Buck 3; Affiliation: 1: The National Children's Study, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, 6100 Executive Blvd., Suite 3A01, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA 2: US Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA 3: Division of Epidemiology, Statistics & Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, 6100 Executive Blvd., Room 7B05, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA; Source Info: Sep2013, Vol. 20 Issue 3, p259; Subject Term: DISABILITIES; Subject Term: WOUNDS & injuries; Subject Term: HOSPITAL emergency services; Subject Term: GUARDIAN & ward; Subject Term: YOUTH; Subject Term: PUBLIC health surveillance; Author-Supplied Keyword: developmental disability; Author-Supplied Keyword: injury; Author-Supplied Keyword: learning disability; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1080/17457300.2012.696662 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=90178776&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wong, Franklin C. AU - Boja, John AU - Beng Ho AU - Kuhar, Michael J. AU - Wong, Dean F. T1 - Affinity Labeling of Membrane Receptors Using Tissue-Penetrating Radiations. JO - BioMed Research International JF - BioMed Research International Y1 - 2013/01// VL - 2013 M3 - Article SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Hindawi Publishing Corporation SN - 23146133 AB - Photoaffinity labeling, a useful in vivo biochemical tool, is limited when applied in vivo because of the poor tissue penetration by ultraviolet (UV) photons. This study investigates affinity labeling using tissue-penetrating radiation to overcome the tissue attenuation and irreversibly label membrane receptor proteins. Using X-ray (115 kVp) at low doses (<50 cGy or Rad), specific and irreversible binding was found on striatal dopamine transporters with 3 photoaffinity ligands for dopamine transporters, to different extents. Upon X-ray exposure (115 kVp), RTI-38 and RTI-78 ligands showed irreversible and specific binding to the dopamine transporter similar to those seen with UV exposure under other conditions. Similarly, gamma rays at higher energy (662 keV) also affect irreversible binding of photoreactive ligands to peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (by PK14105) and to the dopamine (D2) membrane receptors (by azidoclebopride), respectively. This study reports that X-ray and gamma rays induced affinity labeling of membrane receptors in a manner similar to UV with photoreactive ligands of the dopamine transporter, D2 dopamine receptor (D2R), and peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBDZR). It may provide specific noninvasive irreversible block or stimulation of a receptor using tissue-penetrating radiation targeting selected anatomic sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of BioMed Research International is the property of Hindawi Publishing Corporation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) N1 - Accession Number: 100395560; Wong, Franklin C. 1,2,3,4; Email Address: fwong@mdanderson.org Boja, John 5,6 Beng Ho 2 Kuhar, Michael J. 5,7 Wong, Dean F. 3,8; Affiliation: 1: Nuclear Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA 2: Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA 3: Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA 4: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler, Unit 1483, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA 5: Addiction Research Center, National Institute of Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA 6: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA 7: Neuropharmacology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA 8: Radiology, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Environmental Health Science, and Carey Business School, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Source Info: 2013, Vol. 2013, p1; Number of Pages: 7p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1155/2013/503095 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=100395560&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - McKinney, W. AU - Jackson, M. AU - Sager, T. M. AU - Reynolds, J. S. AU - Chen, B. T. AU - Afshari, A. AU - Krajnak, K. AU - Waugh, S. AU - Johnson, C. AU - Mercer, R. R. AU - Frazer, D. G. AU - Thomas, T. A. AU - Castranova, V. T1 - Pulmonary and cardiovascular responses of rats to inhalation of a commercial antimicrobial spray containing titanium dioxide nanoparticles. JO - Inhalation Toxicology JF - Inhalation Toxicology Y1 - 2012/06// VL - 24 IS - 7 M3 - Article SP - 447 EP - 457 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd SN - 08958378 AB - Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that application of an antimicrobial spray product containing titanium dioxide (TiO2) generates an aerosol of titanium dioxide in the breathing zone of the applicator. The present report describes the design of an automated spray system and the characterization of the aerosol delivered to a whole body inhalation chamber. This system produced stable airborne levels of TiO2 particles with a median count size diameter of 110 nm. Rats were exposed to 314 mg/m3 min (low dose), 826 mg/m3 min (medium dose), and 3638 mg/m3 min (high dose) of TiO2 under the following conditions: 2.62 mg/m3 for 2 h, 1.72 mg/m3 4 h/day for 2 days, and 3.79 mg/m3 4 h/day for 4 days, respectively. Pulmonary (breathing rate, specific airway resistance, inflammation, and lung damage) and cardiovascular (the responsiveness of the tail artery to constrictor or dilatory agents) endpoints were monitored 24 h post-exposure. No significant pulmonary or cardiovascular changes were noted at low and middle dose levels. However, the high dose caused significant increases in breathing rate, pulmonary inflammation, and lung cell injury. Results suggest that occasional consumer use of this antimicrobial spray product should not be a hazard. However, extended exposure of workers routinely applying this product to surfaces should be avoided. During application, care should be taken to minimize exposure by working under well ventilated conditions and by employing respiratory protection as needed. It would be prudent to avoid exposure to children or those with pre-existing respiratory disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Inhalation Toxicology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - POISONOUS gases -- Toxicology KW - ANTI-infective agents KW - AEROSOLS (Sprays) KW - ATOMIZATION KW - PULMONARY diffusing capacity KW - CARDIOVASCULAR diseases KW - RATS as laboratory animals KW - TITANIUM dioxide nanoparticles KW - antimicrobial spray KW - cardiovascular responses KW - inhalation studies KW - Nano TiO2 KW - pulmonary responses N1 - Accession Number: 76170808; McKinney, W. 1 Jackson, M. 1 Sager, T. M. 1 Reynolds, J. S. 1 Chen, B. T. 1 Afshari, A. 1 Krajnak, K. 1 Waugh, S. 1 Johnson, C. 1 Mercer, R. R. 1 Frazer, D. G. 1 Thomas, T. A. 2 Castranova, V. 1; Affiliation: 1: Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA 2: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, USA; Source Info: Jun2012, Vol. 24 Issue 7, p447; Subject Term: POISONOUS gases -- Toxicology; Subject Term: ANTI-infective agents; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: ATOMIZATION; Subject Term: PULMONARY diffusing capacity; Subject Term: CARDIOVASCULAR diseases; Subject Term: RATS as laboratory animals; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: antimicrobial spray; Author-Supplied Keyword: cardiovascular responses; Author-Supplied Keyword: inhalation studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nano TiO2; Author-Supplied Keyword: pulmonary responses; NAICS/Industry Codes: 112990 All Other Animal Production; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.3109/08958378.2012.685111 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=76170808&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of immersion protection requirements on hair dryer electrocutions in the USA. AU - Rodgers, G. B. AU - Garland, S. JO - Injury Prevention JF - Injury Prevention Y1 - 2012/// VL - 18 IS - 6 SP - 371 EP - 376 CY - London; UK PB - BMJ Publishing Group SN - 1353-8047 AD - Rodgers, G. B.: Directorate for Economic Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. N1 - Accession Number: 20123407176. Publication Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Number of References: 35 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health N2 - Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the immersion protection requirements of a voluntary safety standard for portable handheld hair dryers in preventing electrocution deaths in the USA. Methods: The present work was an interrupted time series study design. Data on annual hair dryer-related electrocution deaths resulting from water contact were developed for the 1980-2007 study period. A multivariate Poisson regression model for rate data was used to evaluate the impact of the immersion protection requirements during the post-intervention period. The analysis controlled for the estimated number of hair dryers in use and the estimated number of US homes equipped with ground fault circuit interrupters, safety devices that would address hair dryer electrocutions even in the absence of the immersion protection requirements of the voluntary standard. The implementation of the 1987 and 1991 immersion protection requirements of the voluntary standard for portable handheld hair dryers was the intervention studied. The main outcome measure was the estimated reduction in the hair dryer electrocution rate associated with the immersion protection requirements of the voluntary standard. Results: After controlling for covariates, the immersion protection requirements were estimated to reduce the rate of hair dryer immersion electrocution deaths by 96.6% (95% CI, 90.8% to 98.8%). This suggests the prevention of about 280 immersion electrocution deaths involving hair dryers during the post-intervention period (1987-2007). Conclusions: The immersion protection requirements of the voluntary safety standard for hair dryers have been highly effective in reducing hair dryer electrocutions. KW - accident prevention KW - accidents KW - driers KW - electrical equipment KW - electrical safety KW - hair KW - health protection KW - mortality KW - safety KW - safety devices KW - time series KW - USA KW - man KW - Homo KW - Hominidae KW - Primates KW - mammals KW - vertebrates KW - Chordata KW - animals KW - eukaryotes KW - APEC countries KW - Developed Countries KW - North America KW - America KW - OECD Countries KW - death rate KW - dryers KW - drying machinery KW - electric injuries KW - United States of America KW - Human Health and Hygiene (General) (VV000) (Revised June 2002) [formerly Human Health and Hygiene (General) KW - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20123407176&site=ehost-live&scope=site UR - http://injuryprevention.bmj.com/content/18/6/371.full UR - email: grodgers@cpsc.gov DP - EBSCOhost DB - lhh ER - TY - CASE AU - Pirela, Sandra V. AU - Sotiriou, Georgios A. AU - Bello, Dhimiter AU - Shafer, Martin AU - Bunker, Kristin Lee AU - Castranova, Vincent AU - Thomas, Treye AU - Demokritou, Philip T1 - Consumer exposures to laser printer-emitted engineered nanoparticles: A case study of life-cycle implications from nano-enabled products. JO - Nanotoxicology JF - Nanotoxicology Y1 - 2015/09// VL - 9 IS - 6 M3 - Case Study SP - 760 EP - 768 SN - 17435390 AB - It is well established that printers emit nanoparticles during their operation. To-date, however, the physicochemical and toxicological characterization of “real world” printer-emitted nanoparticles (PEPs) remains incomplete, hampering proper risk assessment efforts. Here, we investigate our earlier hypothesis that engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are used in toners and ENMs are released during printing (consumer use). Furthermore, we conduct a detailed physicochemical and morphological characterization of PEPs in support of ongoing toxicological assessment. A comprehensive suite of state of the art analytical methods and tools was employed for the physicochemical and morphological characterization of 11 toners widely utilized in printers from major printer manufacturers and their PEPs. We confirmed that a number of ENMs incorporated into toner formulations (e.g. silica, alumina, titania, iron oxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, cerium oxide, carbon black among others) and released into the air during printing. All evaluated toners contained large amounts of organic carbon (OC, 42–89%), metals/metal oxides (1–33%), and some elemental carbon (EC, 0.33–12%). The PEPs possess a composition similar to that of toner and contained 50–90% OC, 0.001–0.5% EC and 1–3% metals. While the chemistry of the PEPs generally reflected that of their toners, considerable differences are documented indicative of potential transformations taking place during consumer use (printing). We conclude that: (i) Routine incorporation of ENMs in toners classifies them as nano-enabled products (NEPs); (ii) These ENMs become airborne during printing; (iii) The chemistry of PEPs is complex and it reflects that of the toner and paper. This work highlights the importance of understanding life-cycle (LC) nano-EHS implications of NEPs and assessing real world exposures and associated toxicological properties rather than focusing on “raw” materials used in the synthesis of an NEP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Nanotoxicology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - NANOPARTICLES KW - COMPUTER printers KW - SYNTHESIS (Chemistry) KW - METALLIC oxides KW - ZINC oxide KW - COPPER oxide KW - Engineered nanoparticles KW - nano-EHS KW - nano-enabled products KW - printer-emitted nanoparticles KW - toner N1 - Accession Number: 108698253; Pirela, Sandra V. 1 Sotiriou, Georgios A. 1 Bello, Dhimiter 1,2 Shafer, Martin 3 Bunker, Kristin Lee 4 Castranova, Vincent 5 Thomas, Treye 6 Demokritou, Philip 1; Affiliation: 1: Department of Environmental Health, Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA, 2: Department of Work Environment, College of Health Sciences, and Center for High Rate Nanomanufacturing, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA, 3: Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, WI, USA, 4: R. J. Lee Group, Inc., Monroeville, PA, USA, 5: Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA, and 6: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, Rockville, MD, USA; Source Info: Sep2015, Vol. 9 Issue 6, p760; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: COMPUTER printers; Subject Term: SYNTHESIS (Chemistry); Subject Term: METALLIC oxides; Subject Term: ZINC oxide; Subject Term: COPPER oxide; Author-Supplied Keyword: Engineered nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: nano-EHS; Author-Supplied Keyword: nano-enabled products; Author-Supplied Keyword: printer-emitted nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: toner; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334110 Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334118 Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Case Study L3 - 10.3109/17435390.2014.976602 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=108698253&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tulve, Nicolle S. AU - Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. AU - Vance, Marina E. AU - Rogers, Kim AU - Mwilu, Samuel AU - LeBouf, Ryan F. AU - Schwegler-Berry, Diane AU - Willis, Robert AU - Thomas, Treye A. AU - Marr, Linsey C. T1 - Characterization of silver nanoparticles in selected consumer products and its relevance for predicting children's potential exposures. JO - International Journal of Hygiene & Environmental Health JF - International Journal of Hygiene & Environmental Health Y1 - 2015/05// VL - 218 IS - 3 M3 - Article SP - 345 EP - 357 SN - 14384639 AB - Due to their antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, and antimicrobial properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in consumer products intended for use by children or in the home. Children may be especially affected by the normal use of consumer products because of their physiological functions, developmental stage, and activities and behaviors. Despite much research to date, children's potential exposures to AgNPs are not well characterized. Our objectives were to characterize selected consumer products containing AgNPs and to use the data to estimate a child's potential non-dietary ingestion exposure. We identified and cataloged 165 consumer products claiming to contain AgNPs that may be used by or near children or found in the home. Nineteen products (textile, liquid, plastic) were selected for further analysis. We developed a tiered analytical approach to determine silver content, form (particulate or ionic), size, morphology, agglomeration state, and composition. Silver was detected in all products except one sippy cup body. Among products in a given category, silver mass contributions were highly variable and not always uniformly distributed within products, highlighting the need to sample multiple areas of a product. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of AgNPs. Using this data, a child's potential non-dietary ingestion exposure to AgNPs when drinking milk formula from a sippy cup is 1.53 μg Ag/kg. Additional research is needed to understand the number and types of consumer products containing silver and the concentrations of silver in these products in order to more accurately predict children's potential aggregate and cumulative exposures to AgNPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of International Journal of Hygiene & Environmental Health is the property of Urban & Fischer Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - SILVER nanoparticles KW - CONSUMER goods KW - PEDIATRIC physiology KW - CHILD development KW - CHILD psychology KW - ENVIRONMENTAL exposure KW - Children KW - Consumer products KW - Exposure KW - Inventory KW - Nanosilver N1 - Accession Number: 101936079; Tulve, Nicolle S. 1; Email Address: tulve.nicolle@epa.gov Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. 2 Vance, Marina E. 3 Rogers, Kim 1 Mwilu, Samuel 4 LeBouf, Ryan F. 2 Schwegler-Berry, Diane 2 Willis, Robert 1 Thomas, Treye A. 5 Marr, Linsey C. 6; Affiliation: 1: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States 2: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, United States 3: Virginia Tech, Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science, Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Blacksburg, VA, United States 4: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV, United States 5: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, United States 6: Virginia Tech, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Blacksburg, VA, United States; Source Info: May2015, Vol. 218 Issue 3, p345; Subject Term: SILVER nanoparticles; Subject Term: CONSUMER goods; Subject Term: PEDIATRIC physiology; Subject Term: CHILD development; Subject Term: CHILD psychology; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Children; Author-Supplied Keyword: Consumer products; Author-Supplied Keyword: Exposure; Author-Supplied Keyword: Inventory; Author-Supplied Keyword: Nanosilver; NAICS/Industry Codes: 532299 All Other Consumer Goods Rental; Number of Pages: 13p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.02.002 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=101936079&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rodgers, Gregory AU - Garland, Sarah T1 - An Economic Analysis of Requirements to Prevent Handheld Hair Dryer Water Immersion Electrocutions in the USA. JO - Journal of Consumer Policy JF - Journal of Consumer Policy Y1 - 2016/06// VL - 39 IS - 2 M3 - Article SP - 223 EP - 240 SN - 01687034 AB - Before 1987, when handheld hair dryers were not required to protect against water immersion electrocutions, there were almost 16 such electrocutions annually in the USA. This article presents a retrospective evaluation of the benefits and costs of the 1987 and 1991 immersion protection requirements of the voluntary hair dryer safety standard in the USA. The benefits are based on estimates of the reduced risk of electrocution resulting from the requirements, and the valuation of the reduced risk derived from willingness to pay studies of the 'value of statistical life' found in the economics literature. The costs were defined as the incremental costs associated with incorporating the immersion protection technology into handheld hair dryers. The study found that the requirements were highly effective and may have reduced the immersion-related mortality rate by almost 97%. The expected present value of the estimated benefits of the requirements amounted to about $4.56 per dryer in 2014 dollars and substantially exceeded the costs of about $2 per dryer. The primary outcome measure, the expected net benefits (i.e., benefits minus costs) of the requirements, amounted to an average of about $2.56 per hair dryer, over the hair dryer's expected product life. Given sales of about 23 million handheld hair dryers annually, the present value of the expected net benefits associated with 1 year's production would have amounted to about $58.9 million. A sensitivity analysis showed that the major findings were robust with respect to changes in the underlying parameters of the analysis. The study also discusses the factors leading to a high rate of effectiveness estimated for the immersion protection requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Journal of Consumer Policy is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - ECONOMICS literature KW - HAIR dryers KW - ELECTROCUTION KW - WATER immersion KW - MORTALITY -- United States KW - Handheld hair dryer KW - Immersion electrocutions KW - Retrospective benefit-cost analysis KW - Value of statistical life KW - Voluntary standard N1 - Accession Number: 115530454; Rodgers, Gregory 1; Email Address: grodgers@cpsc.gov; Garland, Sarah 1; Email Address: sgarland@cpsc.gov; Affiliations: 1: Directorate for Economic Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway Bethesda 20814 USA; Issue Info: Jun2016, Vol. 39 Issue 2, p223; Thesaurus Term: ECONOMICS literature; Subject Term: HAIR dryers; Subject Term: ELECTROCUTION; Subject Term: WATER immersion; Subject Term: MORTALITY -- United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Handheld hair dryer; Author-Supplied Keyword: Immersion electrocutions; Author-Supplied Keyword: Retrospective benefit-cost analysis; Author-Supplied Keyword: Value of statistical life; Author-Supplied Keyword: Voluntary standard; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423620 Household Appliances, Electric Housewares, and Consumer Electronics Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414220 Household appliance merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 335210 Small Electrical Appliance Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333318 Other Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333310 Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1007/s10603-016-9318-8 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=115530454&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chen, Bean T. AU - Afshari, Aliakbar AU - Stone, Samuel AU - Jackson, Mark AU - Schwegler-Berry, Diane AU - Frazer, David G. AU - Castranova, Vincent AU - Thomas, Treye A. T1 - Nanoparticles-containing spray can aerosol: characterization, exposure assessment, and generator design. JO - Inhalation Toxicology JF - Inhalation Toxicology Y1 - 2010/11// VL - 22 IS - 13 M3 - Article SP - 1072 EP - 1082 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd SN - 08958378 AB - This is the first report demonstrating that a commercially available household consumer product produces nanoparticles in a respirable range. This report describes a method developed to characterize nanoparticles that were produced under typical exposure conditions when using a consumer spray product. A well-controlled indoor environment was simulated for conducting spray applications approximating a human exposure scenario. Results indicated that, while aerosol droplets were large with a count median diameter of 22 µm during spraying, the final aerosol contained primarily solid TiO2 particles with a diameter of 75 nm. This size reduction was due to the surface deposition of the droplets and the rapid evaporation of the aerosol propellant. In the breathing zone, the aerosol, containing primarily individual particles (>90%), had a mass concentration of 3.4 mg/m3, or 1.6 × 105 particles/cm3, with a nanoparticle fraction limited to 170 µg/m3, or 1.2 × 105 particles/cm3. The results were used to estimate the pulmonary dose in an average human (0.075 µg TiO2 per m2 alveolar epithelium per minute) and rat (0.03 µg TiO2) and, consequently, this information was used to design an inhalation exposure system. The system consisted of a computer-controlled solenoid ''finger'' for generating constant concentrations of spray can aerosols inside a chamber. Test results demonstrated great similarity between the solenoid ''finger''-dispersed aerosol compared to human-generated aerosol. Future investigations will include an inhalation study to obtain information on dose-response relationships in rats and to use it to establish a No Effect Exposure Level for setting guidelines for this consumer product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Inhalation Toxicology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - NANOPARTICLES KW - AEROSOLS (Sprays) KW - HAZARDOUS substance exposure KW - POISONOUS gases -- Toxicology KW - TITANIUM dioxide KW - SPRAYING KW - SIMULATION methods & models KW - aerosols KW - Engineered nanoparticles KW - exposure assessment methods KW - inhalation studies KW - sprays KW - ultrafine TiO2 N1 - Accession Number: 55171608; Chen, Bean T. 1 Afshari, Aliakbar 1 Stone, Samuel 1 Jackson, Mark 1 Schwegler-Berry, Diane 1 Frazer, David G. 1 Castranova, Vincent 1 Thomas, Treye A. 2; Affiliation: 1: Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA 2: Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, USA; Source Info: Nov2010, Vol. 22 Issue 13, p1072; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: AEROSOLS (Sprays); Subject Term: HAZARDOUS substance exposure; Subject Term: POISONOUS gases -- Toxicology; Subject Term: TITANIUM dioxide; Subject Term: SPRAYING; Subject Term: SIMULATION methods & models; Author-Supplied Keyword: aerosols; Author-Supplied Keyword: Engineered nanoparticles; Author-Supplied Keyword: exposure assessment methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: inhalation studies; Author-Supplied Keyword: sprays; Author-Supplied Keyword: ultrafine TiO2; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325189 All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.3109/08958378.2010.518323 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=55171608&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - KAHN, HENRY D. AU - STRALKA, KATHLEEN T1 - Estimated daily average per capita water ingestion by child and adult age categories based on USDA's 1994–1996 and 1998 continuing survey of food intakes by individuals. JO - Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology JF - Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology Y1 - 2009/05//May/Jun2009 VL - 19 IS - 4 M3 - Article SP - 396 EP - 404 PB - Nature Publishing Group SN - 15590631 AB - Water ingestion estimates are important for the assessment of risk to human populations of exposure to water-borne pollutants. This paper reports mean and percentile estimates of the distributions of daily average per capita water ingestion for a number of age range groups. The age ranges, based on guidance from the US EPA's Risk Assessment Forum, are narrow for younger ages when development is rapid and wider for older ages when the rate of development decreases. Estimates are based on data from the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) 1994–1996 and 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII). Water ingestion estimates include water ingested directly as a beverage and water added to foods and beverages during preparation at home or in local establishments. Water occurring naturally in foods or added by manufacturers to commercial products (beverage or food) is not included. Estimates are reported in milliliters (ml/person/day) and milliliters per kilogram of body weight (ml/kg/day). As a by-product of constructing estimates in terms of body weight of respondents, distributions of self-reported body weights based on the CSFII were estimated and are also reported here.Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2009) 19, 396–404; doi:10.1038/jes.2008.29; published online 14 May 2008 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology is the property of Nature Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - PHAGOCYTOSIS KW - ABSORPTION (Physiology) KW - INGESTION KW - PUBLIC health KW - COMMUNICABLE diseases KW - BODY weight KW - body weight distributions KW - infants and children KW - risk assessment KW - water ingestion N1 - Accession Number: 37820880; KAHN, HENRY D. 1; Email Address: kahn.henry@epa.gov STRALKA, KATHLEEN 2,3; Affiliation: 1: Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, US EPA, Washington, District of Columbia, USA 2: Science Applications International Corporation, Falls Church, Virginia, USA 3: US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, USA; Source Info: May/Jun2009, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p396; Subject Term: PHAGOCYTOSIS; Subject Term: ABSORPTION (Physiology); Subject Term: INGESTION; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: COMMUNICABLE diseases; Subject Term: BODY weight; Author-Supplied Keyword: body weight distributions; Author-Supplied Keyword: infants and children; Author-Supplied Keyword: risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: water ingestion; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 9p; Illustrations: 7 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1038/jes.2008.29 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=37820880&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the characteristics of fire and non-fire households in the 2004-2005 survey of fire department-attended and unattended fires. AU - Greene, M. A. JO - Injury Prevention JF - Injury Prevention Y1 - 2012/// VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 170 EP - 175 CY - London; UK PB - BMJ Publishing Group SN - 1353-8047 AD - Greene, M. A.: US Consumer Product Safety Commission (retired), 4340 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. N1 - Accession Number: 20123191264. Publication Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Number of References: 25 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health N2 - Objective: Comparison of characteristics of fire with non-fire households to determine factors differentially associated with fire households (fire risk factors). Design, setting and subjects: National household telephone survey in 2004-2005 by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission with 916 fire households and a comparison sample of 2161 non-fire households. There were an estimated 7.4 million fires (96.6% not reported to fire departments) with 130 000 injuries. Main outcome measure: Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess differences in household characteristics. Results: Significant factors associated with fire households were renting vs. owning (OR 1.988 p<0.0001); household members under 18 year of age (OR 1.277 p<0.0001); lack of residents over 64 years old (OR 0.552 p=0.0007); and college or higher education (some college OR 1.444 p=0.0360, college graduate OR 1.873, p<0.0001, postgraduate OR 2.156 p<0.0001). Not significant were age of house; race; ethnicity; and income. Number of smokers was borderline significant (OR 1.132 p=0.1019) but was significant in the subset of fire households with non-cooking fires (OR 1.383 p=0.0011). Single family houses were associated with non-fire households in the bivariate analysis but not in the multivariate analyses. Conclusion: Renting, household members under 18 years old and smokers are risk factors for unattended fires, similar to the literature for fatal and injury fires. Differences included household members over 65 years old (associated with non-fire households), college/postgraduate education (associated with fire households) and lack of significance of income. Preventing cooking fires (64% of survey incidents), smoking prevention efforts and fire prevention education for families with young children have the potential for reducing unattended fires and injuries. KW - children KW - cooking KW - dwellings KW - education KW - fire causes KW - fire danger KW - fires KW - household surveys KW - households KW - human diseases KW - risk factors KW - single family housing KW - tenants KW - tobacco smoking KW - trauma KW - USA KW - man KW - America KW - animals KW - APEC countries KW - Chordata KW - Developed Countries KW - eukaryotes KW - Hominidae KW - Homo KW - mammals KW - North America KW - OECD Countries KW - Primates KW - vertebrates KW - fire hazard KW - renters KW - traumas KW - United States of America KW - Social Psychology and Social Anthropology (UU485) (New March 2000) KW - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20123191264&site=ehost-live&scope=site UR - http://injuryprevention.bmj.com/content/18/3/170.abstract UR - email: michael.greene@comcast.net DP - EBSCOhost DB - lhh ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unintentional paediatric ingestion poisonings and the role of imitative behaviour. AU - Rodgers, G. B. AU - Franklin, R. L. AU - Midgett, J. D. JO - Injury Prevention JF - Injury Prevention Y1 - 2012/// VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 103 EP - 108 CY - London; UK PB - BMJ Publishing Group SN - 1353-8047 AD - Rodgers, G. B.: Directorate for Economic Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. N1 - Accession Number: 20123125774. Publication Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Number of References: 31 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health N2 - Objective: To quantify the relationship between imitative behaviour and poisonings in children. Setting: USA. Methods: This study is based on the evaluation of a large national database of unintentional oral ingestion poisonings involving children aged <5 years treated in US hospital emergency departments during 2004 and 2005. It begins with the premise that, among other factors, oral drug poisonings can result from children observing and imitating adult behaviour, but that non-oral drug and non-drug poisonings (to be referred to as non-drug poisonings) generally do not, because children do not see adults ingesting non-drug products. The study then compares and contrasts the child poisonings between the two poisoning categories. Differences in the poisoning rate between the oral drug and non-drug categories are estimated by the age and sex of the children. A binary logistic regression analysis is also conducted using non-drug poisonings as a control group to compare against oral drug poisonings. Results: There was a significant increase in the relative likelihood of oral drug poisonings beginning at age 20-23 months that is consistent with the expected onset of complicated imitative behaviours in children. Based upon our analysis, imitative behaviour may have contributed to about 17 300 child poisonings treated annually in the emergency department, possibly accounting for about 20% of poisonings involving children aged <5 years and 30% of the poisoning injuries involving children aged 20-59 months. Conclusions: Comprehensive efforts to prevent poisoning need to address the problem of imitative behaviour in children. Caregivers should never ingest medications in the presence of children. KW - adults KW - children KW - drugs KW - human behaviour KW - poisoning KW - Maryland KW - USA KW - man KW - Homo KW - Hominidae KW - Primates KW - mammals KW - vertebrates KW - Chordata KW - animals KW - eukaryotes KW - South Atlantic States of USA KW - Southern States of USA KW - USA KW - APEC countries KW - Developed Countries KW - North America KW - America KW - OECD Countries KW - behavior KW - human behavior KW - medicines KW - pharmaceuticals KW - toxicosis KW - United States of America KW - Social Psychology and Social Anthropology (UU485) (New March 2000) KW - Human Toxicology and Poisoning (VV810) (New March 2000) UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20123125774&site=ehost-live&scope=site UR - http://injuryprevention.bmj.com/content/18/2/103.abstract UR - email: grodgers@cpsc.gov DP - EBSCOhost DB - lhh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 109603262 T1 - Hazards Associated with Sitting and Carrying Devices for Children Two Years and Younger. AU - Batra, Erich K AU - Midgett, Jonathan D AU - Moon, Rachel Y Y1 - 2015/07// N1 - Accession Number: 109603262. Language: English. Entry Date: 20150923. Revision Date: 20150923. Publication Type: Journal Article. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. Special Interest: Pediatric Care. NLM UID: 0375410. SP - 183 EP - 187 JO - Journal of Pediatrics JF - Journal of Pediatrics JA - J PEDIATR VL - 167 IS - 1 CY - New York, New York PB - Elsevier Science SN - 0022-3476 AD - Departments of Pediatrics and Family and Community Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA. Electronic address: ebatra@hmc.psu.edu. AD - Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD. AD - Division of General Pediatrics and Community Health, Goldberg Center for Community Pediatric Health, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC; Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC. U2 - PMID: 25917769. DO - 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.03.044 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=109603262&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schroeder, Thomas J. AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. T1 - Factors associated with the hospital admission of consumer product-related injuries treated in U.S. hospital emergency departments. JO - Accident Analysis & Prevention JF - Accident Analysis & Prevention Y1 - 2013/10// VL - 59 M3 - Article SP - 566 EP - 573 SN - 00014575 AB - Highlights: [•] We modeled the likelihood of hospitalization for consumer-product injuries. [•] The analysis was based on over 400,000 injuries treated in emergency departments. [•] Hospitalization was systematically related to the age and sex of the injury victim. [•] Hospitalization was affected by product type, fire involvement, and hospital size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Accident Analysis & Prevention is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - HOSPITALS -- Admission & discharge KW - CONSUMER goods KW - HOSPITAL emergency services -- Utilization KW - HOSPITAL care KW - WOUNDS & injuries -- Treatment KW - HOSPITAL size KW - UNITED States KW - Consumer products KW - Emergency department KW - Injuries KW - Logistic regression KW - National Electronic Injury Surveillance System N1 - Accession Number: 90105350; Schroeder, Thomas J. 1; Email Address: tschroeder@cpsc.gov Rodgers, Gregory B. 2; Email Address: grodgers@cpsc.gov; Affiliation: 1: Directorate for Epidemiology, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA 2: Directorate for Economic Analysis, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; Source Info: Oct2013, Vol. 59, p566; Subject Term: HOSPITALS -- Admission & discharge; Subject Term: CONSUMER goods; Subject Term: HOSPITAL emergency services -- Utilization; Subject Term: HOSPITAL care; Subject Term: WOUNDS & injuries -- Treatment; Subject Term: HOSPITAL size; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Consumer products; Author-Supplied Keyword: Emergency department; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injuries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Logistic regression; Author-Supplied Keyword: National Electronic Injury Surveillance System; NAICS/Industry Codes: 532299 All Other Consumer Goods Rental; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1016/j.aap.2013.07.013 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=90105350&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Quadros, Marina E. AU - Pierson IV, Raymond AU - Tulve, Nicolle S. AU - Willis, Robert AU - Rogers, Kim AU - Thomas, Treye A. AU - Marr, Linsey C. T1 - Release of Silver from Nanotechnology-Based Consumer Products for Children. JO - Environmental Science & Technology JF - Environmental Science & Technology Y1 - 2013/08/06/ VL - 47 IS - 15 M3 - Article SP - 8894 EP - 8901 SN - 0013936X AB - We assessed the potential for children's exposure to bioavailable silver during the realistic use of selected nanotechnology-based consumer products (plush toy, fabric products, breast milk storage bags, sippy cups, cleaning products, humidifiers, and humidifier accessory). We measured the release of ionic and particulate silver from products into water, orange juice, milk formula, synthetic saliva, sweat, and urine (1:50 product to liquid mass ratio); into air; and onto dermal wipes. Of the liquid media, sweat and urine yielded the highest amount of silver release, up to 38% of the silver mass in products; tap water yielded the lowest amount, ≤1.5%. Leaching from a blanket into sweat plateaued within 5 min, with less silver released after washing. Between 0.3 and 23 μg m-2 of silver transferred from products to wipes. Aerosol concentrations were not significantly elevated during product use. Fabrics, a plush toy, and cleaning products were most likely to release silver. Silver leached mainly via dissolution and was facilitated in media with high salt concentrations. Levels of silver to which children may potentially be exposed during the normal use of these consumer products is predicted to be low, and bioavailable silver is expected to be in ionic rather than particulate form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - SILVER KW - NANOTECHNOLOGY KW - CONSUMER goods KW - SILVER in the body KW - PERSPIRATION KW - PEDIATRIC physiology N1 - Accession Number: 95300413; Quadros, Marina E. 1; Email Address: marinaeq@vt.edu Pierson IV, Raymond 1 Tulve, Nicolle S. 2 Willis, Robert 2 Rogers, Kim 2 Thomas, Treye A. 3 Marr, Linsey C. 1; Affiliation: 1: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, 418 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States 2: National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States 3: United States Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United States; Source Info: 8/6/2013, Vol. 47 Issue 15, p8894; Subject Term: SILVER; Subject Term: NANOTECHNOLOGY; Subject Term: CONSUMER goods; Subject Term: SILVER in the body; Subject Term: PERSPIRATION; Subject Term: PEDIATRIC physiology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 532299 All Other Consumer Goods Rental; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1021/es4015844 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=95300413&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kahn, Henry D. AU - Stralka, Kathleen AU - White, Paul D. T1 - Estimates of Water Ingestion in Formula by Infants and Children Based on USDA's 1994–1996 and 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals. JO - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment JF - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment Y1 - 2013/07//Jul/Aug2013 VL - 19 IS - 4 M3 - Article SP - 888 EP - 899 SN - 10807039 AB - Assessment of risk to infants and children resulting from the ingestion of contaminants in water is an important component of the analysis of possible environmental hazards. Children and infants represent a sensitive life stage because exposure to contaminants in early life can have developmental and long-lasting adverse effects. Children and infants tend to ingest relatively large amounts of water on a bodyweight-adjusted basis, especially those that are fed in early life with formula that is re-constituted or diluted with water. This article presents statistical estimates of the amounts of community water ingested by formula-fed infants based on nationwide sample survey data that support identification of respondents who consume formula and the amounts of water they ingest. Included are specific estimates of the amounts of community water ingested in formula. Estimates of total community water ingestion by children and infants who consume formula can be especially useful in exposure assessment since they represent a highly exposed population. For example, mean community water ingestion by infants 1 to 3 months of age who consume formula is 627 mL/day (136 mL/kg/day) and the 95th percentile is 1096 mL/day (290 mL/kg/day). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Human & Ecological Risk Assessment is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - CONTAMINATION of drinking water KW - INFANTS -- Health KW - CHILDREN -- Health KW - INFANT formulas -- Contamination KW - baby formula KW - infants and children KW - statistical estimates KW - survey data KW - water ingestion KW - UNITED States. Dept. of Agriculture KW - UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Accession Number: 87512352; Kahn, Henry D. 1 Stralka, Kathleen 2 White, Paul D. 1; Email Address: white.paul@epa.gov; Affiliation: 1: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development , Washington , DC , USA 2: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission , Bethesda , MD , USA; Source Info: Jul/Aug2013, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p888; Subject Term: CONTAMINATION of drinking water; Subject Term: INFANTS -- Health; Subject Term: CHILDREN -- Health; Subject Term: INFANT formulas -- Contamination; Author-Supplied Keyword: baby formula; Author-Supplied Keyword: infants and children; Author-Supplied Keyword: statistical estimates; Author-Supplied Keyword: survey data; Author-Supplied Keyword: water ingestion; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Agriculture Company/Entity: UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 12p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1080/10807039.2012.702009 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=87512352&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hoebel, James AU - Damant, Gordon AU - Spivak, Steven AU - Berlin, Geoffrey T1 - Clothing-Related Burn Casualties: An Overlooked Problem? JO - Fire Technology JF - Fire Technology Y1 - 2010/07// VL - 46 IS - 3 M3 - Article SP - 629 EP - 649 PB - Springer Science & Business Media B.V. SN - 00152684 AB - Between 1997 and 2006, more than 4,300 serious burn injuries per year in the United States were associated with clothing. Ages 5–14 had the highest average annual burn injury rate, and ages 25–64 had the lowest rate. There were 120 deaths per year in the United States associated with clothing burns between 1999 and 2004. The death rate for those over 65 was six times the national average. The General Wearing Apparel Standard has regulated the flammability of clothing worn in the United States since 1953. Nearly all of the clothing-related injuries and deaths have occurred in fires involving apparel that complied with this Standard. Despite the size of this problem, there is no organized national activity under way to begin to address these casualties. Experience with the Children’s Sleepwear Flammability Standards, issued in the 1970s, suggests that safer garments can be manufactured that would prevent many clothing burn injuries and deaths. A more stringent up-to-date flammability standard, production of safer garments, use of warning labels, and educated consumers are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Fire Technology is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - RESEARCH KW - WOUNDS & injuries KW - Flammability KW - Burns & scalds KW - Clothing & dress -- Fires & fire prevention KW - Children KW - PREVENTION KW - United States KW - Burns KW - Clothing KW - Deaths KW - Injuries KW - Standards N1 - Accession Number: 50498439; Hoebel, James 1; Email Address: jfhoebel@verizon.net; Damant, Gordon 2; Spivak, Steven 3; Berlin, Geoffrey; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 13506 Star Flower Court Chantilly 20151 USA; 2: California Bureau of Home Furnishings and Thermal Insulation, 3550 Watt Avenue, Suite 5 Sacramento 95821 USA; 3: Fire Protection Engineering, University of Maryland and Stantex Consulting, 6301 Beachway Drive Falls Church 22044-1510 USA; Issue Info: Jul2010, Vol. 46 Issue 3, p629; Thesaurus Term: RESEARCH; Thesaurus Term: WOUNDS & injuries; Thesaurus Term: Flammability; Subject Term: Burns & scalds; Subject Term: Clothing & dress -- Fires & fire prevention; Subject Term: Children; Subject Term: PREVENTION; Subject: United States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Burns; Author-Supplied Keyword: Clothing; Author-Supplied Keyword: Deaths; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injuries; Author-Supplied Keyword: Standards; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 11 Charts; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1007/s10694-009-0113-9 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=50498439&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - eih ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roberts, Jenny R. AU - McKinney, Walter AU - Kan, Hong AU - Krajnak, Kristine AU - Frazer, David G. AU - Thomas, Treye A. AU - Waugh, Stacey AU - Kenyon, Allison AU - MacCuspie, Robert I. AU - Hackley, Vincent A. AU - Castranova, Vincent T1 - Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Responses of Rats to Inhalation of Silver Nanoparticles. JO - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A JF - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A Y1 - 2013/06// VL - 76 IS - 11 M3 - Article SP - 651 EP - 668 SN - 15287394 AB - Exposure to wet aerosols generated during use of spray products containing silver (Ag) has not been evaluated. The goal was to assess the potential for cardiopulmonary toxicity following an acute inhalation of wet silver colloid. Rats were exposed by inhalation to a low concentration (100 μg/m3) using an undiluted commercial antimicrobial product (20 mg/L total silver; approximately 33 nm mean aerodynamic diameter [MAD]) or to a higher concentration (1000 μg/m3) using a suspension (200 mg/L total silver; approximately 39 nm MAD) synthesized to possess a similar size distribution of Ag nanoparticles for 5 h. Estimated lung burdens from deposition models were 0, 1.4, or 14 μg Ag/rat after exposure to control aerosol, low, and high doses, respectively. At 1 and 7 d postexposure, the following parameters were monitored: pulmonary inflammation, lung cell toxicity, alveolar air/blood barrier damage, alveolar macrophage activity, blood cell differentials, responsiveness of tail artery to vasoconstrictor or vasodilatory agents, and heart rate and blood pressure in response to isoproterenol or norepinephrine, respectively. Changes in pulmonary or cardiovascular parameters were absent or nonsignificant at 1 or 7 d postexposure with the exceptions of increased blood monocytes 1 d after high-dose Ag exposure and decreased dilation of tail artery after stimulation, as well as elevated heart rate in response to isoproterenol 1 d after low-dose Ag exposure, possibly due to bioavailable ionic Ag in the commercial product. In summary, short-term inhalation of nano-Ag did not produce apparent marked acute toxicity in this animal model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health: Part A is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - BRONCHODILATOR agents KW - NANOPARTICLES KW - SURFACE chemistry KW - SURFACE tension KW - ANTISPASMODICS N1 - Accession Number: 89705066; Roberts, Jenny R. 1; Email Address: jur6@cdc.gov McKinney, Walter 1 Kan, Hong 1 Krajnak, Kristine 1 Frazer, David G. 1 Thomas, Treye A. 2 Waugh, Stacey 1 Kenyon, Allison 1 MacCuspie, Robert I. 3 Hackley, Vincent A. 3 Castranova, Vincent 1; Affiliation: 1: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , West Virginia , USA 2: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission , Bethesda , Maryland , USA 3: National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland , USA; Source Info: Jun2013, Vol. 76 Issue 11, p651; Subject Term: BRONCHODILATOR agents; Subject Term: NANOPARTICLES; Subject Term: SURFACE chemistry; Subject Term: SURFACE tension; Subject Term: ANTISPASMODICS; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325410 Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing; Number of Pages: 18p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1080/15287394.2013.792024 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=89705066&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Allen, Joseph G. AU - MacIntosh, David L. AU - Saltzman, Lori E. AU - Baker, Brian J. AU - Matheson, Joanna M. AU - Recht, Joel R. AU - Minegishi, Taeko AU - Fragala, Matt A. AU - Myatt, Theodore A. AU - Spengler, John D. AU - Stewart, James H. AU - McCarthy, John F. T1 - Elevated corrosion rates and hydrogen sulfide in homes with ‘Chinese Drywall’ JO - Science of the Total Environment JF - Science of the Total Environment Y1 - 2012/06// VL - 426 M3 - Article SP - 113 EP - 119 SN - 00489697 AB - Abstract: In December 2008, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) began receiving reports about odors, corrosion, and health concerns related to drywall originating from China. In response, a detailed environmental health and engineering evaluation was conducted of 41 complaint and 10 non-complaint homes in the Southeast U.S. Each home investigation included characterization of: 1) drywall composition; 2) indoor and outdoor air quality; 3) temperature, moisture, and building ventilation; and 4) copper and silver corrosion rates. Complaint homes had significantly higher hydrogen sulfide concentrations (mean 0.82 vs. 67% of the centers. Associations exist between residues measured on the floor and other surfaces for several pesticides (p-values range from <0.0001 to 0.002), but to a lesser degree between floor and soil and other surfaces and soil. Regional analyses indicate no differences in mean level of pesticide loading between the four Census regions (0.08 < p < 0.88). Results show that there is the potential for exposure to pesticides in child care centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - PESTICIDES -- Risk assessment KW - HAZARDOUS substances -- Risk assessment KW - CHILD care KW - CHILDREN & the environment KW - ENVIRONMENTAL law KW - ENVIRONMENTAL policy KW - UNITED States KW - UNITED States. Dept. of Housing & Urban Development KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission KW - UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Accession Number: 23189486; Tulve, Nicolle S. 1; Email Address: tulve.nicolle@epa.gov Jones, Paul A. 1 Nishioka, Marcia G. 2 Fortmann, Roy C. 1 Croghan, Carry W. 1 Zhou, Joey Y. 3 Fraser, Alexa 4 Cave, Carol 5 Friedman, Warren 6; Affiliation: 1: National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, MD-E20504, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 2: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43201 3: U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, Environmental Medicine Program, Attn: MCHB-TS-EMP, Bldg E-1570 Stark Road, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, Maryland 20101-5403 4: Westat, Inc., 1650 Research Boulevard, Rockville, Maryland 20850 5: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814 6: Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 451 7th Street, SW, Washington, DC 20410; Source Info: 10/15/2006, Vol. 40 Issue 20, p6269; Subject Term: PESTICIDES -- Risk assessment; Subject Term: HAZARDOUS substances -- Risk assessment; Subject Term: CHILD care; Subject Term: CHILDREN & the environment; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL law; Subject Term: ENVIRONMENTAL policy; Subject Term: UNITED States; Company/Entity: UNITED States. Dept. of Housing & Urban Development Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Company/Entity: UNITED States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 925110 Administration of Housing Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 925120 Administration of Urban Planning and Community and Rural Development; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 6p; Illustrations: 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1021/es061021h UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=23189486&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - NEWS AU - Franklin, Barbara Hackman T1 - Guest Editorial. JO - Journal of Marketing JF - Journal of Marketing Y1 - 1977/07// VL - 41 IS - 3 M3 - Editorial SP - 10 EP - 11 PB - American Marketing Association SN - 00222429 AB - The author reflects on the emergence of consumerism and the women's movement in the U.S. in the 1970's. She cites the contributions of the consumer movement in every aspect of U.S. society, which includes growing consumer consciousness. She discusses how the changes in women's attitudes, behavior, and aspirations are corresponding with the growth of consumerism. She notes the changes in U.S. women's buying habits. She says marketers must sharpen their perceptions of female consumers in order to better serve their needs. KW - CONSUMERISM KW - WOMEN consumers KW - CONSUMPTION (Economics) KW - FEMINISM -- Social aspects KW - WOMEN -- Social conditions KW - SOCIAL aspects KW - UNITED States N1 - Accession Number: 4996354; Franklin, Barbara Hackman 1; Affiliations: 1: Commissioner, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: Jul1977, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p10; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMERISM; Thesaurus Term: WOMEN consumers; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMPTION (Economics); Subject Term: FEMINISM -- Social aspects; Subject Term: WOMEN -- Social conditions; Subject Term: SOCIAL aspects; Subject: UNITED States; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=4996354&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - GEN AU - Klaunig, James E. AU - Babich, Michael A. AU - Cook, Jon C. AU - David, Raymond M. AU - DeLuca, John G. AU - McKee, Richard H. AU - Peters, Jeffrey M. AU - Roberts, Ruth A. AU - Fenner-Crisp, Penelope A. T1 - PPARα and Effects of TCE. JO - Environmental Health Perspectives JF - Environmental Health Perspectives Y1 - 2007/01// VL - 115 IS - 1 M3 - Letter SP - A14 EP - A15 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 00916765 AB - The article presents a letter to the editor in response to the article "PPAR and Effects of TCE," by Keshava and Caldwell in the 2006 issue. KW - LETTERS to the editor KW - GENE expression N1 - Accession Number: 24222533; Klaunig, James E. 1 Babich, Michael A. 2 Cook, Jon C. 3 David, Raymond M. 4 DeLuca, John G. 5 McKee, Richard H. 6 Peters, Jeffrey M. 7; Email Address: jmp21@psu.edu Roberts, Ruth A. 8 Fenner-Crisp, Penelope A.; Affiliation: 1: Indiana University Indianapolis, Indiana 2: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Bethesda, Maryland 3: Pfizer, Inc. Groton, Connecticut 4: K&D Scientific Consulting Inc. Pittsford, New York 5: Merck Research Laboratories West Point, Pennsylvania 6: ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences Inc. Annandale, New Jersey 7: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 8: AstraZeneca UK Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom; Source Info: Jan2007, Vol. 115 Issue 1, pA14; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: GENE expression; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=24222533&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tohamy, Soumaya M. AU - Mixon Jr., J. Wilson T1 - Illustrating Consumer Theory with the CES Utility Function. JO - Journal of Economic Education JF - Journal of Economic Education Y1 - 2004///Summer2004 VL - 35 IS - 3 M3 - Article SP - 251 EP - 258 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd SN - 00220485 AB - The authors use Microsoft Excel to derive compensated and uncompensated demand curves. They use a constant elasticity of substitution (CES) utility function to show how changes in a good's price or income affect the quantities demanded of that good and of the other composite good, using Excel's Solver. They provide three contributions. First, they provide an explicit connection between the form of the utility function and the graphical presentation of the indifference curves, budget constraints, and demand curves. Second, they make available a hands-on method of connecting utility functions to demand curves. Third, by relaxing the common Cobb-Douglas formulation, they allow a price-consumption curve (price-expansion path) that is not horizontal (alternatively, an uncompensated demand curve with nonunitary elasticity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Journal of Economic Education is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - DEMAND (Economic theory) KW - ELASTICITY (Economics) KW - SUBSTITUTION (Economics) KW - PRICES KW - COMPUTER software KW - Cobb-Douglas utility function KW - compensated demand curves KW - constant elasticity of substitution utility function N1 - Accession Number: 13467203; Tohamy, Soumaya M. 1; Email Address: stohamy@cpsc.gov; Mixon Jr., J. Wilson 2; Affiliations: 1: Economist, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; 2: Dana Professor of Economics, Berry College; Issue Info: Summer2004, Vol. 35 Issue 3, p251; Thesaurus Term: DEMAND (Economic theory); Thesaurus Term: ELASTICITY (Economics); Thesaurus Term: SUBSTITUTION (Economics); Thesaurus Term: PRICES; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER software; Author-Supplied Keyword: Cobb-Douglas utility function; Author-Supplied Keyword: compensated demand curves; Author-Supplied Keyword: constant elasticity of substitution utility function; NAICS/Industry Codes: 511211 Software publishers (except video game publishers); NAICS/Industry Codes: 417310 Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443144 Computer and software stores; Number of Pages: 8p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=13467203&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Butturini, Randy AU - Midgett, Jonathan T1 - Designing sensor systems capable of differentiating children from adults JO - Journal of Safety Research JF - Journal of Safety Research Y1 - 2006/03// VL - 37 IS - 2 M3 - Article SP - 175 EP - 185 SN - 00224375 AB - Abstract: Introduction: Injury prevention systems intended to prevent children from entering hazardous locations (or at least alert caregivers if that occurs) often respond to every instance of a person''s presence, regardless of whether the intruder is a child. This performance results in a high nuisance alarm rate that sometimes causes adults to disable or circumvent the safety system. If a child safety system can accurately identify intruders as adults or children, nuisance alarm rates can be decreased. Method: This analysis selects three human factors (height, foot length, and cognition) amenable to adult/child differentiation and describes likely sensor strategies, advantages, and disadvantages. Results: Preliminary testing of prototypes systems shows that simple sensor systems are capable of acquiring adequate data for adult/child differentiation. The discussion addresses requirements for discriminator systems and the effects of various sensor combinations on overall performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] AB - Copyright of Journal of Safety Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - CHILDREN'S accidents KW - DETECTORS KW - CHILDREN -- Wounds & injuries KW - CAREGIVERS KW - Anthropometrics KW - Drowning KW - Injury prevention KW - Pool alarms KW - Sensors N1 - Accession Number: 20969656; Butturini, Randy; Email Address: rbutturini@cpsc.gov Midgett, Jonathan 1; Affiliation: 1: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States; Source Info: Mar2006, Vol. 37 Issue 2, p175; Subject Term: CHILDREN'S accidents; Subject Term: DETECTORS; Subject Term: CHILDREN -- Wounds & injuries; Subject Term: CAREGIVERS; Author-Supplied Keyword: Anthropometrics; Author-Supplied Keyword: Drowning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injury prevention; Author-Supplied Keyword: Pool alarms; Author-Supplied Keyword: Sensors; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1016/j.jsr.2005.11.005 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=20969656&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gupta, Kailash AU - Rispin, Amy AU - Stitzel, Katherine AU - Coecke, Sandra AU - Harbell, John T1 - Ensuring quality of in vitro alternative test methods: Issues and answers JO - Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP JF - Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP Y1 - 2005/12// VL - 43 IS - 3 M3 - Article SP - 219 EP - 224 SN - 02732300 AB - Abstract: Many in vitro and ex vivo methods have been developed or are under development to reduce or replace animal usage in toxicity tests. Consistent with the goal of obtaining scientifically sound test data for hazard and risk assessment of chemicals, changes are being made in current policies and procedures to facilitate the acceptance of data developed using these methods. National and international organizations are developing policies and standards for scientific practice to assure quality in implementation of in vitro methods. Consensus is developing in the scientific community for the quality control measures needed for in vitro methods; including appropriate controls, data reporting elements, and benchmarks to be identified in test guidelines so that the potential risks of chemicals can be reviewed and reliably assessed. Additional guidance to the OECD’s Good Laboratory Practice principles [Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (. Advisory Document of the Working Group on Good Laboratory Practice: The Application of the Principles of GLP to in vitro Studies. OECD Series on Principles of Good Laboratory Practice and Compliance Monitoring Number 14 (ENV/JM/MONO(2004)26). Paris, France] will help to ensure that in vitro tests used for regulatory purposes are reproducible, credible, and acceptable. Generic test guidelines incorporating performance standards are being written to allow acceptance of proprietary test methods by regulatory agencies and to provide assurance that any in vitro system performs over time in a manner that is consistent with the test system as it was originally validated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] AB - Copyright of Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - TOXICITY testing -- In vitro KW - RISK assessment KW - RISK KW - CELL culture KW - Alternative KW - Assurance KW - Control KW - In vitro KW - Methods KW - Quality KW - Testing kits KW - Toxicology N1 - Accession Number: 19009397; Gupta, Kailash 1 Rispin, Amy 2; Email Address: amy.rispin@epa.gov Stitzel, Katherine 3 Coecke, Sandra 4 Harbell, John 5; Affiliation: 1: US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, USA 2: US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs (7506C), Washington, DC, USA 3: Consultant, West Chester, OH, USA 4: European Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, European Commission Joint Research Center, Ispra, Italy 5: Institute for In Vitro Sciences, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA; Source Info: Dec2005, Vol. 43 Issue 3, p219; Subject Term: TOXICITY testing -- In vitro; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: RISK; Subject Term: CELL culture; Author-Supplied Keyword: Alternative; Author-Supplied Keyword: Assurance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Control; Author-Supplied Keyword: In vitro; Author-Supplied Keyword: Methods; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quality; Author-Supplied Keyword: Testing kits; Author-Supplied Keyword: Toxicology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325413 In-Vitro Diagnostic Substance Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1016/j.yrtph.2005.03.010 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=19009397&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. AU - Leland, Elizabeth W. T1 - An evaluation of the effectiveness of a baby walker safety standard to prevent stair-fall injuries JO - Journal of Safety Research JF - Journal of Safety Research Y1 - 2005/09// VL - 36 IS - 4 M3 - Article SP - 327 EP - 332 SN - 00224375 AB - Abstract: Problem: During the early 1990s the number of baby walker injuries treated in U.S. hospital emergency departments averaged almost 25,000 annually; about 80% resulted from falls down stairs. After initiating a regulatory proceeding in 1994, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission staff worked with industry to develop requirements to address the stair-fall hazard. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the stair-fall requirements, which became effective in 1997 as part of a revised voluntary standard. Method: Annual baby walker emergency department injury rates were constructed for the 1981–2002 study period. A multivariate negative binomial regression model was used to estimate the effectiveness of the stair-fall requirements in reducing the injury rate. Results: The stair-fall requirements reduced the emergency department injury rate by an estimated 63% (95% CI, 52% to 71%). Impact on industry: Given the substantial reduction in walker injuries, and the high level of industry conformance with the stair-fall requirements, the Commission terminated its regulatory proceeding in May, 2002. The success of the baby walker project highlights the ability of government and industry to work together cooperatively to develop effective safety improvements for consumer products. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] AB - Copyright of Journal of Safety Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - INFANTS KW - WOUNDS & injuries KW - EMERGENCY medical services KW - UNITED States KW - Baby walkers KW - Infant walker KW - Injury prevention KW - Negative binomial regression KW - Safety standard KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 18999770; Rodgers, Gregory B.; Email Address: grodgers@cpsc.gov Leland, Elizabeth W. 1; Affiliation: 1: Directorate for Economic Analysis, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States; Source Info: Sep2005, Vol. 36 Issue 4, p327; Subject Term: INFANTS; Subject Term: WOUNDS & injuries; Subject Term: EMERGENCY medical services; Subject Term: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Baby walkers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Infant walker; Author-Supplied Keyword: Injury prevention; Author-Supplied Keyword: Negative binomial regression; Author-Supplied Keyword: Safety standard; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624230 Emergency and Other Relief Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913130 Municipal police services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; Number of Pages: 6p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1016/j.jsr.2005.06.010 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=18999770&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Babich, Michael A. AU - Chen, Shing-Bong AU - Greene, Michael A. AU - Kiss, Celestine T. AU - Porter, Warren K. AU - Smith, Timothy P. AU - Wind, Marilyn L. AU - Zamula, William W. T1 - Risk assessment of oral exposure to diisononyl phthalate from children’s products JO - Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP JF - Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP Y1 - 2004/11// VL - 40 IS - 2 M3 - Article SP - 151 EP - 167 SN - 02732300 AB - Dialkyl phthalates are plasticizers used in household products made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) is the principal phthalate in soft plastic toys. Because DINP is not tightly bound to PVC, it may be released when children mouth PVC products. The potential chronic health risks of phthalate exposure to infants have been under scrutiny by regulatory agencies in Europe, Canada, Japan, and the U.S. This report describes a risk assessment of DINP exposure from children’s products, by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) staff. This report includes the findings of a CPSC Chronic Hazard Advisory Panel (CHAP) which: (1) concluded that DINP is unlikely to present a human cancer hazard and (2) recommended an acceptable daily intake (ADI) level of 120μg/kg-d, based on spongiosis hepatis in rats. The risk assessment incorporates new measurements of DINP migration rates from 24 toys and a new observational study of children’s mouthing activities, with a detailed characterization of the objects mouthed. Probabilistic methods were used to estimate exposure. Mouthing behavior and, thus, exposure depend on the child’s age. Approximately 42% of tested soft plastic toys contained DINP. Estimated DINP exposures for soft plastic toys were greatest among children 12–23 months old. The mean exposure for this age group was 0.08 (95% confidence interval 0.04–0.14) μg/kg-d, with a 99th percentile of 2.4 (1.3–3.2) μg/kg-d. The authors conclude that oral exposure to DINP from mouthing soft plastic toys is not likely to present a health hazard to children. The opinions expressed by the authors have not been reviewed or approved by, and do not necessarily reflect the views of, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Because this material was prepared by the authors in their official capacity, it is in the public domain and may be freely copied or reprinted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] AB - Copyright of Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology: RTP is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - RISK assessment KW - PHTHALATE esters KW - PHTHALIC acid KW - CHILDREN -- Health KW - Children’s mouthing behavior KW - Diisononyl phthalate KW - Phthalate ester plasticizers KW - Phthalate migration from PVC KW - Phthalates in children’s toys KW - Probabilistic risk assessment KW - Risk assessment N1 - Accession Number: 14514475; Babich, Michael A.; Email Address: Mbabich@cpsc.gov Chen, Shing-Bong 1 Greene, Michael A. 2 Kiss, Celestine T. 3 Porter, Warren K. 1 Smith, Timothy P. 3 Wind, Marilyn L. 4 Zamula, William W. 5; Affiliation: 1: Directorate for Laboratory Sciences, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA 2: Directorate for Epidemiology, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA 3: Division of Human Factors, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA 4: Directorate for Health Sciences, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA 5: Directorate for Economic Analysis, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; Source Info: Nov2004, Vol. 40 Issue 2, p151; Subject Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: PHTHALATE esters; Subject Term: PHTHALIC acid; Subject Term: CHILDREN -- Health; Author-Supplied Keyword: Children’s mouthing behavior; Author-Supplied Keyword: Diisononyl phthalate; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phthalate ester plasticizers; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phthalate migration from PVC; Author-Supplied Keyword: Phthalates in children’s toys; Author-Supplied Keyword: Probabilistic risk assessment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Risk assessment; NAICS/Industry Codes: 325190 Other basic organic chemical manufacturing; Number of Pages: 17p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.06.005 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14514475&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hefflin, Brockton J. AU - Gross, Thomas P. AU - Schroeder, Thomas J. T1 - Estimates of medical device–associated adverse events from emergency departments JO - American Journal of Preventive Medicine JF - American Journal of Preventive Medicine Y1 - 2004/10// VL - 27 IS - 3 M3 - Article SP - 246 EP - 253 SN - 07493797 AB - Background: The true public health burden of adverse events associated with medical devices is unknown. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to produce the first-ever national estimates of medical device–associated adverse events resulting in emergency department (ED) visits.Methods: From July 1999 through June 2000, reports of 10,395 medical device–associated adverse events were accumulated using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), which collects information on product-related injuries from the ED records of a national stratified probability sample of hospitals. The reports were used to estimate annual total number of medical device–associated adverse events as well as number of adverse events associated with specific devices, injury diagnoses, demographic characteristics, and patient disposition status.Results: The total estimated number of adverse events was 454,383 (95% confidence interval [CI]=371,156–537,610), involving a broad range of devices from 15 medical specialty groups. Unintentional traumatic events associated with a particular device appeared to be the most common mechanism of injury. The most prevalent types of injuries included contusions/abrasions, punctures, and lacerations; 13% of total estimated cases resulted in patient hospitalization. Adverse events occurred within healthcare facilities, and some were occupationally related, although they occurred at home more frequently than any other location (about 42%).Conclusions: The magnitude of the total estimate, which is over four times greater than the annual number of adverse event reports received by medical device–regulating surveillance systems, emphasizes medical device–associated adverse events as an under-recognized public health problem. Planned collection of more detailed NEISS data will allow for appropriate public health interventions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] AB - Copyright of American Journal of Preventive Medicine is the property of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - PUBLIC health KW - MEDICAL equipment KW - EMERGENCY medical services KW - MEDICAL care N1 - Accession Number: 14513869; Hefflin, Brockton J. 1; Email Address: bjh@cdrh.fda.gov Gross, Thomas P. 1 Schroeder, Thomas J. 2; Affiliation: 1: U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological Health (Hefflin, Gross), Rockville, Maryland, USA 2: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (Schroeder), Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Source Info: Oct2004, Vol. 27 Issue 3, p246; Subject Term: PUBLIC health; Subject Term: MEDICAL equipment; Subject Term: EMERGENCY medical services; Subject Term: MEDICAL care; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913130 Municipal police services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 624230 Emergency and Other Relief Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339110 Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339112 Surgical and Medical Instrument Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 417930 Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423450 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 525120 Health and Welfare Funds; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.04.005 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=14513869&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nora Savage AU - Treye A. Thomas AU - Jeremiah S. Duncan T1 - Nanotechnology applications and implications research supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency STAR grants program. JO - Journal of Environmental Monitoring JF - Journal of Environmental Monitoring Y1 - 2007/10// VL - 9 IS - 10 M3 - Article SP - 1046 EP - 1054 SN - 14640325 AB - Since 2002, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been funding research on the environmental aspects of nanotechnology through its Science to Achieve Results (STAR) grants program. In total, more than $25 million has been awarded for 86 research projects on the environmental applications and implications of nanotechnology. In the applications area, grantees have produced promising results in green manufacturing, remediation, sensors, and treatment using nanotechnology and nanomaterials. Although there are many potential benefits of nanotechnology, there has also been increasing concern about the environmental and health effects of nanomaterials, and there are significant gaps in the data needed to address these concerns. Research performed by STAR grantees is beginning to address these needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Journal of Environmental Monitoring is the property of Royal Society of Chemistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - Environmental protection -- Research KW - Nanotechnology KW - Research -- Finance KW - United States. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Accession Number: 27022774; Nora Savage 1; Treye A. Thomas 2; Jeremiah S. Duncan 3; Affiliations: 1: Environmental Engineer, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency1200 Pennsylvania Ave, NW, MC 8722F Washington DC USA savage.nora@epa.gov; 2: Toxicologist, Directorate for Health Sciences, US Consumer Product Safety Commission4330 East West Highway Suite 600 Bethesda MD USA TThomas@cpsc.gov; 3: AAAS Science Policy Fellow, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, MC 8722F Washington DC USA duncan.jeremiah@epa.gov; Issue Info: Oct2007, Vol. 9 Issue 10, p1046; Thesaurus Term: Environmental protection -- Research; Thesaurus Term: Nanotechnology; Subject Term: Research -- Finance ; Company/Entity: United States. Environmental Protection Agency; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology; NAICS/Industry Codes: 924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs; Number of Pages: 9p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=27022774&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - eih ER - TY - GEN AU - Johnson, Michael E. AU - Blackburn, Sinbad AU - Albert, Paul R. AU - Jones-Smith, Jacqueline AU - Foster, Gary E. AU - Barber, Arthur AU - Hills, Alan AU - Montgomery, Roger T1 - LETTERS TO FORTUNE. JO - Fortune JF - Fortune Y1 - 1993/05/17/ VL - 127 IS - 10 M3 - Letter SP - 133 EP - 134 PB - Time Inc. SN - 00158259 AB - Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues of the journal "Fortune." Discussion on the chaos in the companies which generally results when the top management has abdicated its fundamental responsibility to define the corporate mission and set strategy; Response to the article "Keeping Up," which was published in the March issue of the journal; Criticism for publishing two articles in the April 5, 1993 issue with virtually opposite messages on how to manage for success. KW - BUSINESS enterprises KW - MANAGEMENT science KW - BUSINESS planning KW - LETTERS to the editor KW - SUCCESS KW - CONDUCT of life KW - FORTUNE (Periodical) N1 - Accession Number: 17609680; Johnson, Michael E. 1; Blackburn, Sinbad; Albert, Paul R. 2; Jones-Smith, Jacqueline 3; Foster, Gary E. 4; Barber, Arthur 5; Hills, Alan; Montgomery, Roger 6; Affiliations: 1: Marketing Consultant, Greenville, South Carolina; 2: Senior Partner, Business Performance Group, Pittsburgh; 3: Chairman, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington; 4: Director of Public and Agency Information, Central Intelligence Agency, Washington; 5: President, PrivateNet, Bethesda, Maryland; 6: Dean, College of Environmental Design, University of California - Berkeley; Issue Info: 5/17/1993, Vol. 127 Issue 10, p133; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS enterprises; Thesaurus Term: MANAGEMENT science; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS planning; Subject Term: LETTERS to the editor; Subject Term: SUCCESS; Subject Term: CONDUCT of life; Reviews & Products: FORTUNE (Periodical); Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Letter; Full Text Word Count: 1107 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=17609680&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 2014-14768-004 AN - 2014-14768-004 AU - Rogers, Maria AU - Markel, Clarisa AU - Midgett, Jonathan D. AU - Ryan, Bruce A. AU - Tannock, Rosemary T1 - Measuring children’s perceptions of parental involvement in conjoint behavioral consultation: Factor structure and reliability of the Parental Support for Learning Scale. JF - Assessment for Effective Intervention JO - Assessment for Effective Intervention JA - Assess Eff Interv Y1 - 2014/06// VL - 39 IS - 3 SP - 170 EP - 181 CY - US PB - Sage Publications SN - 1534-5084 SN - 1938-7458 AD - Rogers, Maria, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques-Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N 6N5 N1 - Accession Number: 2014-14768-004. Other Journal Title: Diagnostique. Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Rogers, Maria; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Other Publishers: Council for Exceptional Children; PRO-ED. Release Date: 20140609. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Electronic. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Child Attitudes; Parental Involvement; Parental Role; Professional Consultation; Test Reliability. Minor Descriptor: Factor Structure; Learning; Measurement; Psychometrics. Classification: Developmental Scales & Schedules (2222); Psychosocial & Personality Development (2840). Population: Human (10); Male (30); Female (40). Location: Canada. Age Group: Childhood (birth-12 yrs) (100); School Age (6-12 yrs) (180); Adolescence (13-17 yrs) (200). Tests & Measures: Parental Support for Learning Scale-Child Form; Inventory of Parental Influence; Perceiving Parental Behavior Inventory; Family School Questionnaire. Methodology: Empirical Study; Quantitative Study. References Available: Y. Page Count: 12. Issue Publication Date: Jun, 2014. Copyright Statement: Hammill Institute on Disabilities. 2013. AB - Practitioners of Conjoint Behavioral Consultation rely on several sources of information to assist in planning and evaluation of consultation efforts. Parental involvement in the home is an important aspect in Conjoint Behavioral Consultation, yet there are few questionnaires available to practitioners to assess this important construct, particularly those that target children’s self-report. This study examined the factor structure and reliability of a new questionnaire to measure children’s perceptions of their parental involvement in learning. The Parental Support for Learning Scale: Child Form (PSLS) was administered to a sample of 231 children (aged 10–13 years). Exploratory factor analysis supported a four-factor structure representing parental involvement behaviors and emotional tone: (a) Parental Management of the Learning Environment, (b) Parental Participation With Homework, (c) Controlling Parental Involvement, and (d) Supportive Parental Involvement. Analysis showed satisfactory reliability coefficients. The four factors are discussed in relation to the relevant literature and Conjoint Behavioral Consultation, and future directions for further validation of the PSLS are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) KW - Parental Support for Learning Scale KW - factor structure KW - test reliability KW - psychometrics KW - children’s perceptions KW - behavioral consultation KW - 2014 KW - Child Attitudes KW - Parental Involvement KW - Parental Role KW - Professional Consultation KW - Test Reliability KW - Factor Structure KW - Learning KW - Measurement KW - Psychometrics KW - 2014 DO - 10.1177/1534508413493110 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2014-14768-004&site=ehost-live&scope=site UR - maria.rogers@uottawa.ca DP - EBSCOhost DB - psyh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Robbins, Joe D. AU - Norred, William P. AU - Bathija, Ambika AU - Ulsamer, Andrew G. T1 - Bioavailability in rabbits of formaldehyde from durable‐press textiles. JO - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health JF - Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health Y1 - 1984/01/02/ VL - 14 IS - 2/3 M3 - Article SP - 453 EP - 463 SN - 00984108 AB - Carbon‐14‐labeled formaldehyde was used per se, or was used in the synthesis of di‐methyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU), which was incorporated into cotton or cotton/polyester blend fabric. Patches of the fabric containing known quantities of radioactive DMDHEU were applied to the backs of New Zealand White rabbits for periods up to 48 h. The rabbits were placed in specially constructed metabolism chambers designed to prevent either inhalation of volatile material emanating from the fabric or interference of any volatile material from the fabric with trapping of expired carbon dioxide. The results of the studies indicate that aqueous formaldehyde covered with a latex barrier is absorbed and retained in the layers of skin in direct contact with the formaldehyde. Approximately 65% of a dose of [ 14 C]formaldehyde was recovered In skin 4 h after application. Skin samples from the backs of rabbits to which durable‐press fabric prepared from radiolabeled DMDHEU had been applied were found to have 0.09–2.61% of the total 14 C contained in the cloth patches. The levels of radioactivity recovered from the skin varied with degree of occlusion of the cloth, presence or absence of perspiration, type of synthesis used for the preparation of DMDHEU, and whether cotton or cotton/polyester blend fabric was used. Other tissues and organs had only low levels of radioactivity. Injected [ 14 C]formaldehyde was rapidly expired as 14 CO 2 (28.6% of the dose within 4 h; 37.0% within 48 h). Metabolism and distribution of formaldehyde was found to be dependent on route of administration: i.e., topical application resulted in high skin levels, whereas intravenous injection led to rapid pulmonary and renal excretion and retention of radioactivity in liver, kidney, and blood. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER] AB - Copyright of Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) N1 - Accession Number: 75457053; Robbins, Joe D. 1 Norred, William P. 2 Bathija, Ambika 3 Ulsamer, Andrew G. 3; Affiliation: 1: Toxicology and Biological Constituents Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, R. B. Russel Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 5677, Athens, Georgia, 30613 2: Toxicology and Biological Constituents Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, R. B. Russel Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 5677, Athens, Georgia 3: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C.; Source Info: Jan1984, Vol. 14 Issue 2/3, p453; Number of Pages: 11p; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1080/15287398409530592 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=75457053&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aiken, Deborah Vaughn AU - Zamula, William W. T1 - Valuation of Quality of Life Losses Associated with Nonfatal Injury: Insights from Jury Verdict Data. JO - Review of Law & Economics JF - Review of Law & Economics Y1 - 2009/04// VL - 5 IS - 1 M3 - Article SP - 294 EP - 310 SN - 15555879 AB - Evaluations of the societal burden associated with injury typically employ a cost of illness (COI) framework, focusing on direct costs, such as medical costs, and indirect costs, such as reduced productivity. However, nonfatal injuries that have long-lasting or permanent consequences can significantly reduce the quality of life for those affected. While COI evaluations are useful in demonstrating the economic burden attributable to injury, they typically do not cover quality of life losses. This study estimates the value of quality of life losses associated with consumer product injuries. We use ex post data based on jury awards in product liability lawsuits involving nonfatal product-related injuries. By combining data on monetary compensation awarded in these cases with estimates of the reduction in quality adjusted life years (QALYs) due to the injury suffered, we are able to estimate the component awarded for quality of life losses. Our findings suggest that these awards are rational and systematic, and that the most significant determinant appears to be injury severity, measured as the QALY loss. The values for life and quality of life losses implied by jury awards appear reasonable (if not somewhat low) when compared to the values obtained in the value of a statistical life literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Review of Law & Economics is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - PRODUCT liability KW - DAMAGES (Law) KW - QUALITY of life KW - WOUNDS & injuries KW - VERDICTS KW - MEDICAL care costs N1 - Accession Number: 40742223; Aiken, Deborah Vaughn 1; Zamula, William W. 1; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 2009, Vol. 5 Issue 1, preceding p294; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCT liability; Thesaurus Term: DAMAGES (Law); Subject Term: QUALITY of life; Subject Term: WOUNDS & injuries; Subject Term: VERDICTS; Subject Term: MEDICAL care costs; Number of Pages: 18p; Illustrations: 4 Charts, 2 Graphs; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=40742223&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hoebel, James AU - Damant, Gordon AU - Spivak, Steven AU - Berlin, Geoffrey T1 - Erratum to: Clothing-Related Burn Casualties: An Overlooked Problem? JO - Fire Technology JF - Fire Technology Y1 - 2010/07// VL - 46 IS - 3 M3 - Correction notice SP - 765 EP - 765 PB - Springer Science & Business Media B.V. SN - 00152684 AB - A correction to the article "Clothing-Related Burn Casualties: An Overlooked Problem?" is presented. KW - Burns & scalds N1 - Accession Number: 50498434; Hoebel, James 1; Email Address: jfhoebel@verizon.net; Damant, Gordon 2; Spivak, Steven 3; Berlin, Geoffrey 4; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (Retired), 13506 Star Flower Court Chantilly 20151 USA; 2: Damant and Associates, 3550 Watt Avenue, Suite 5 Sacramento 95821 USA; 3: Fire Protection Engineering, University of Maryland and Stantex Consulting, 6301 Beachway Drive Falls Church 22044-1510 USA; 4: 5330 Chelsen Wood Drive Johns Creek 30097 USA; Issue Info: Jul2010, Vol. 46 Issue 3, p765; Subject Term: Burns & scalds; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice L3 - 10.1007/s10694-010-0153-1 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eih&AN=50498434&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - eih ER - TY - JOUR ID - 105474792 T1 - Unintentional child poisonings treated in United States hospital emergency departments: national estimates of incident cases, population-based poisoning rates, and product involvement. AU - Franklin RL AU - Rodgers GB Y1 - 2008/12// N1 - Accession Number: 105474792. Language: English. Entry Date: 20090515. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. Special Interest: Pediatric Care. NLM UID: 0376422. KW - Accidents, Home -- Epidemiology KW - Accidents, Home -- Prevention and Control KW - Emergency Service -- Utilization KW - Poisoning -- Epidemiology -- United States KW - Child, Preschool KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Cross Sectional Studies KW - Descriptive Statistics KW - Drug Packaging KW - Female KW - Infant KW - Male KW - Poisoning -- Etiology KW - Poisoning -- Prevention and Control KW - Risk Assessment KW - Survival KW - United States KW - Human SP - 1244 EP - 1251 JO - Pediatrics JF - Pediatrics JA - PEDIATRICS VL - 122 IS - 6 CY - Chicago, Illinois PB - American Academy of Pediatrics AB - OBJECTIVES: The goals were to develop national estimates of unintentional child poisoning cases treated in US hospital emergency departments, to determine population-based poisoning rates, and to evaluate characteristics of the victims and the products involved. METHODS: Cases reported through the US Consumer Product Safety Commission National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, involving a national probability sample of US hospital emergency departments, were used as a basis for developing national estimates of product-related poisonings involving children<5 years of age treated in US hospital emergency departments in 2004. RESULTS: There were an estimated 86194 child poisoning incidents treated in US hospital emergency departments in 2004, amounting to 429.4 poisonings per 100000 children. Approximately 70% of the poisonings involved children 1 or 2 years of age, slightly more than one half involved boys, and 13.3% resulted in hospital admission. Approximately 59.5% of the poisonings involved oral prescription drugs, oral nonprescription drugs, or supplements. Other major product categories resulting in poisonings included cleaning products (13.2%), drugs and ointment preparations intended for external use (4.9%), and personal care products (4.7%). Approximately 54.7% of the poisonings involved products already subject to child-resistant packaging requirements under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act. CONCLUSIONS: Despite advances in recent years, unintentional child poisonings remain an important public health concern. The circumstances surrounding poisonings need to be evaluated further, and intervention strategies need to be developed. SN - 0031-4005 AD - Directorate for Economic Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. U2 - PMID: 19047241. UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=105474792&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk factors for all-terrain vehicle injuries: a national case-control study. AU - Rodgers, G. B. AU - Adler, P. JO - American Journal of Epidemiology JF - American Journal of Epidemiology Y1 - 2001/// VL - 153 IS - 11 SP - 1112 EP - 1118 CY - Cary; USA PB - Oxford University Press SN - 0002-9262 AD - Rodgers, G. B.: US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207, USA. N1 - Accession Number: 20033066373. Publication Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Number of References: 29 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health N2 - A case-control study design was used to determine and quantify all-terrain vehicle (ATV) risk factors. The analysis was based on the results of two national probability surveys conducted in 1997 in USA: a survey of injured ATV drivers treated in hospital emergency departments and a survey of the general population of ATV users. Cases were drawn from the injury survey; controls (ATV drivers who had not been injured) were drawn from the user survey. Risk factors were quantified by means of a binary logistic regression analysis. After adjustment for covariates, injury risks were systematically related to a number of driver characteristics (age, gender, driving experience), driver use patterns (monthly driving times, recreational vs. nonrecreational use), and vehicle characteristics (number of wheels, engine size). Results suggest that future safety efforts should focus on reducing child injuries, getting new drivers to participate in hands-on training programmes, and encouraging consumers to dispose of the three-wheel ATVs still in use. KW - drivers KW - epidemiology KW - human diseases KW - motor cars KW - off road vehicles KW - risk assessment KW - risk factors KW - traffic accidents KW - trauma KW - USA KW - man KW - Homo KW - Hominidae KW - Primates KW - mammals KW - vertebrates KW - Chordata KW - animals KW - eukaryotes KW - APEC countries KW - Developed Countries KW - North America KW - America KW - OECD Countries KW - automobiles KW - cross country vehicles KW - traumas KW - United States of America KW - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=20033066373&site=ehost-live&scope=site UR - email: grodgers@cpsc.gov DP - EBSCOhost DB - lhh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Allen, Joseph G. AU - MacIntosh, David L. AU - Saltzman, Lori E. AU - Baker, Brian J. AU - Matheson, Joanna M. AU - Recht, Joel R. AU - Minegishi, Taeko AU - Fragala, Matt A. AU - Myatt, Theodore A. AU - Spengler, John D. AU - Stewart, James H. AU - McCarthy, John F. T1 - Erratum to “Elevated corrosion rates and hydrogen sulfide in homes with ‘Chinese Drywall’” [Sci Total Environ 426 (2012) 113–119] JO - Science of the Total Environment JF - Science of the Total Environment Y1 - 2012/12/15/ VL - 441 M3 - Correction notice SP - 292 EP - 292 SN - 00489697 N1 - Accession Number: 83652266; Allen, Joseph G. 1,2 MacIntosh, David L. 1,2 Saltzman, Lori E. 3 Baker, Brian J. 1 Matheson, Joanna M. 3 Recht, Joel R. 3 Minegishi, Taeko 1 Fragala, Matt A. 1 Myatt, Theodore A. 1 Spengler, John D. 1,2 Stewart, James H. 1,2 McCarthy, John F. 1; Email Address: jmcccarthy@eheinc.com; Affiliation: 1: Environmental Health & Engineering, Inc., 117 Fourth Avenue, Needham, MA, USA 2: Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA 3: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, USA; Source Info: Dec2012, Vol. 441, p292; Number of Pages: 1p; Document Type: Correction notice L3 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.01.067 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=83652266&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - aph ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rodgers, Gregory AU - Adair, Patricia T1 - Exemptions to the Children’s Sleepwear Flammability Standards: A Description of Policy Considerations and an Evaluation of the Effects on Burn Injuries to Children. JO - Journal of Consumer Policy JF - Journal of Consumer Policy Y1 - 2009/03// VL - 32 IS - 1 M3 - Article SP - 59 EP - 71 SN - 01687034 AB - In 1996, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) amended the children’s sleepwear flammability standards to exempt sleepwear sized for infants aged 9 months or younger and tight-fitting sleepwear for older children. These amendments were adopted after CPSC concluded that they would provide consumers a wider selection of children’s sleepwear without diminishing the protection provided by the standards. They were also issued in response to an apparent preference for untreated cotton garments by many parents and difficulties in enforcing the pre-amendment standards. Nevertheless, the amendments were controversial. Some interested parties opposed them because they believed the exemptions would substantially reduce the level of safety for children. The amendments were also subjected to congressional scrutiny; in 1999, after they had gone into effect, Congress required that the Commission consider revoking them. To address these concerns, in cooperation with the American Burn Association and Shriners Hospitals for Children, the CPSC initiated a national study of child clothing-related burn injuries treated in burn center hospitals. From 2003 through 2005, the CPSC collected information on 475 such injuries. This study evaluates the burn center data to help determine the safety effects of the amendments to the sleepwear standards. The results provide no evidence of increased risk of burn injury associated with the exemptions from the sleepwear standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] AB - Copyright of Journal of Consumer Policy is the property of Springer Science & Business Media B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) KW - CONSUMERS KW - GOVERNMENT policy KW - CHILDREN -- Equipment & supplies KW - CHILD care KW - BURNS & scalds in children -- Prevention KW - SLEEPWEAR KW - FLAMMABILITY KW - UNITED States KW - Burn injury KW - Children’s sleepwear KW - Children's sleepwear KW - Flammability standards KW - Regulation KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission KW - SHRINERS Hospitals for Children N1 - Accession Number: 36844562; Rodgers, Gregory 1; Email Address: grodgers@cpsc.gov; Adair, Patricia 2; Affiliations: 1: Directorate for Economic Analysis, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway Bethesda 20814 USA; 2: Directorate for Engineering Sciences, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda 20814 USA; Issue Info: Mar2009, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p59; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMERS; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT policy; Subject Term: CHILDREN -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: CHILD care; Subject Term: BURNS & scalds in children -- Prevention; Subject Term: SLEEPWEAR; Subject Term: FLAMMABILITY; Subject: UNITED States; Author-Supplied Keyword: Burn injury; Author-Supplied Keyword: Children’s sleepwear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Children's sleepwear; Author-Supplied Keyword: Flammability standards; Author-Supplied Keyword: Regulation ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission ; Company/Entity: SHRINERS Hospitals for Children; NAICS/Industry Codes: 315249 Women's and girls' cut and sew clothing manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414110 Clothing and clothing accessories merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 448199 All other clothing stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 315190 Other Apparel Knitting Mills; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; Number of Pages: 13p; Illustrations: 3 Charts; Document Type: Article L3 - 10.1007/s10603-009-9092-y UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=36844562&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 2013-32451-065 AN - 2013-32451-065 AU - Schroeder, Thomas J. AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. T1 - Factors associated with the hospital admission of consumer product-related injuries treated in U. S. Hospital emergency departments. JF - Accident Analysis and Prevention JO - Accident Analysis and Prevention JA - Accid Anal Prev Y1 - 2013/10// VL - 59 SP - 566 EP - 573 CY - Netherlands PB - Elsevier Science SN - 0001-4575 AD - Rodgers, Gregory B., Directorate for Economic Analysis, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD, US, 20814 N1 - Accession Number: 2013-32451-065. PMID: 23954690 Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Schroeder, Thomas J.; Directorate for Epidemiology, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, US. Release Date: 20131014. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Electronic. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Emergency Services; Hospital Admission; Hospitalization; Injuries; Safety. Classification: Inpatient & Hospital Services (3379). Population: Human (10); Male (30); Female (40); Inpatient (50). Location: US. Age Group: Childhood (birth-12 yrs) (100); Neonatal (birth-1 mo) (120); Infancy (2-23 mo) (140); Preschool Age (2-5 yrs) (160); School Age (6-12 yrs) (180); Adolescence (13-17 yrs) (200); Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300); Young Adulthood (18-29 yrs) (320); Thirties (30-39 yrs) (340); Middle Age (40-64 yrs) (360); Aged (65 yrs & older) (380); Very Old (85 yrs & older) (390). Methodology: Empirical Study; Quantitative Study. References Available: Y. Page Count: 8. Issue Publication Date: Oct, 2013. Publication History: Accepted Date: Jul 11, 2013; Revised Date: Jun 27, 2013; First Submitted Date: May 22, 2013. AB - While unintentional injuries and hazard patterns involving consumer products have been studied extensively in recent years, little attention has focused on the characteristics of those who are hospitalized after treatment in emergency departments, as opposed to those treated and released. This study quantifies the impact of the age and sex of the injury victims, and other factors, on the likelihood of hospitalization. The analysis focuses on consumer product injuries, and was based on approximately 400,000 injury cases reported through the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission’s National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, a national probability sample of U.S. hospital emergency departments. Logistic regression was used to quantify the factors associated with the likelihood of hospitalization. The analysis suggests a smooth U-shaped relationship between the age of the victim and the likelihood of hospitalization, declining from about 3.4% for children under age 5 years to 1.9% for 15–24 year-olds, but then rising to more than 25% for those ages 75 years and older. The likelihood of hospitalization was also significantly affected by the victim’s sex, as well as by the types of products involved, fire involvement, and the size and type of hospital at which the injury was treated. This study shows that the probability of hospitalization is strongly correlated with the characteristics of those who are injured, as well as other factors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) KW - hospital admission KW - consumer product related injuries KW - emergency departments KW - hospitalization KW - product safety KW - 2013 KW - Emergency Services KW - Hospital Admission KW - Hospitalization KW - Injuries KW - Safety KW - 2013 DO - 10.1016/j.aap.2013.07.013 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2013-32451-065&site=ehost-live&scope=site UR - grodgers@cpsc.gov UR - tschroeder@cpsc.gov DP - EBSCOhost DB - psyh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tsacoumis, Stephanie T1 - CPSC Is Urging Proactive Compliance. JO - Compliance Week JF - Compliance Week Y1 - 2014/09// VL - 11 IS - 128 M3 - Article SP - 36 EP - 37 SN - 1549957X AB - The article reports that the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is focused on the importance of effective compliance programs related to federal agencies. It mentions that the proactive compliance procedures and internal controls related to CPSC requirements can help in preventing unreasonable risks of injury or death. KW - COMPLIANCE KW - INTERNAL auditing KW - GOVERNMENT agencies KW - DEATH KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 98406285; Tsacoumis, Stephanie 1; Affiliations: 1: General counsel, United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC); Issue Info: Sep2014, Vol. 11 Issue 128, p36; Thesaurus Term: COMPLIANCE; Thesaurus Term: INTERNAL auditing; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT agencies; Subject Term: DEATH ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 912910 Other provincial and territorial public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 913910 Other local, municipal and regional public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 921190 Other General Government Support; NAICS/Industry Codes: 911910 Other federal government public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=98406285&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sudden infant death with external airways covered: case-comparison study of 206 deaths in the United States. AU - Scheers, N. J. AU - Dayton, C. M. AU - Kemp, J. S. JO - Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine JF - Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine Y1 - 1998/// VL - 152 IS - 6 SP - 540 EP - 547 AD - Scheers, N. J.: Division of Hazard Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. N1 - Accession Number: 19982009395. Publication Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Number of References: 54 ref. Subject Subsets: Public Health N2 - To study factors associated with sudden infant deaths occurring with the external airways (i.e., nose and mouth) covered by bedding, a case-comparison study of infants dying with vs. those dying without the external airways covered, was carried out in 18 metropolitan areas of the USA between 27 May 1991 and 26 May 1992. Of the 206 eligible cases, 59 (29%) were found with the external airways covered. Conventional risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) did not affect the risk of death with the external airways covered. Factors increasing the risk of death with the external airways covered included prone sleep position (odds ratio (OR), 2.86) and using soft bedding (OR, 5.28), such as duvets (OR, 2.46) and pillows (OR, 3.31). Infants at low risk for death with the external airways covered slept in the prone position, but rarely on a pillow, duvet, or other bedding that allowed a pocket to form beneath the face. All 9 infants who were positioned supine or on one side for sleep and found with the external airways covered had turned and were found dead in the prone position. It is concluded that sudden infant deaths with the external airways covered were common in the USA when most infants slept prone. It is suggested that soft bedding, including pillows and duvets, should not be placed near infants, regardless of the sleep position. KW - infants KW - risk factors KW - sudden infant death syndrome KW - USA KW - man KW - Homo KW - Hominidae KW - Primates KW - mammals KW - vertebrates KW - Chordata KW - animals KW - eukaryotes KW - APEC countries KW - Developed Countries KW - North America KW - America KW - OECD Countries KW - cot death KW - SIDS KW - sudden infant death KW - United States of America KW - Non-communicable Human Diseases and Injuries (VV600) UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19982009395&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - lhh ER - TY - JOUR TY - GEN AU - Rodgers, G. B.; T1 - Safety effects of child-resistant packaging for oral prescription drugs: two decades of experience CT - Safety effects of child-resistant packaging for oral prescription drugs: two decades of experience JO - Journal of the American Medical Association (USA) JF - Journal of the American Medical Association (USA) Y1 - 1996/06/05/ VL - 275 IS - Jun 5 SP - 1661 EP - 1665 SN - 00987484 AD - Directorate for Econ. Analysis, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207, USA N1 - Accession Number: 33-10209; Language: English; References: 41; Journal Coden: JAMAAP; Section Heading: Pharmaceutical Technology; ToxicitySociology, Economics and EthicsLegislation, Laws and Regulations; Abstract Author: Peggy L. Ruppel N2 - A time series study evaluating the effectiveness of child-resistant packaging, introduced in 1974, in reducing child mortality in the United States was conducted using annual mortality rates for children younger than 5 yr associated with unintentional ingestion of oral prescription drugs from 1964 through 1992; the analysis controlled for changes in the consumption of oral prescription drugs over time and for long-term safety trends. After controlling for covariates, the use of child-resistant packaging was associated with an annual reduction in the oral prescription-related mortality rate of 1.4 deaths per million children younger than 5 yr. This suggested a reduction of about 460 child deaths from 1974, the yr child-resistant packaging requirements took effect, through 1992, which equated to a mortality rate reduction of about 45% from levels projected without the child-resistant requirements. KW - Closures--safety--child resistant; KW - Pediatrics--poisoning--safety closures; KW - Mortality--poisoning--pediatrics; KW - Prescriptions--drugs--safety closures; KW - Toxicity--prescription drugs--safety closures; KW - United States--regulations--safety closures; KW - Regulations--United States--safety closures; KW - Packaging--safety--pediatric mortality; KW - Poisoning--pediatrics--safety closures; UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ipa&AN=33-10209&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - ipa ER - TY - GEN T1 - Toxicity of mycotoxins to fish. AU - Lee, B. C. AU - Hendricks, J. D. AU - Bailey, G. S. A2 - Smith, J. E. A2 - Henderson, R. S. T2 - Mycotoxins and animal foods. JO - Mycotoxins and animal foods. JF - Mycotoxins and animal foods. Y1 - 1991/// SP - 607 EP - 626 CY - Boca Raton; USA PB - CRC Press, Inc. SN - 0849349044 AD - Lee, B. C.: Health Effects Division, Health Sciences Directorate, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC, USA. N1 - Accession Number: 19911210333. Publication Type: Miscellaneous. Language: English. Number of References: 68 ref. Registry Number: 518-75-2, 149-29-1, 10048-13-2, 21259-20-1, 51481-10-8. Subject Subsets: Veterinary Science; Medical & Veterinary Mycology; Animal Nutrition N2 - The toxicity of mycotoxins, including aflatoxins, sterigmatocystin, versicolorin A, T-2 toxin, vomitoxin, ochratoxins, patulin, citrinin, rubratoxins and other related lactones, to fish cultured for human consumption is reviewed. Dietary modifiers of toxicity such as cyclopropenoid fatty acids, indoles and flavones, chlorinated hydrocarbons and protein are also discussed. KW - Aflatoxins KW - Citrinin KW - fish diseases KW - mycotoxicoses KW - Mycotoxins KW - Ochratoxins KW - Patulin KW - poisoning KW - Reviews KW - Rubratoxins KW - Sterigmatocystin KW - T-2 toxin KW - Vomitoxin KW - fishes KW - vertebrates KW - Chordata KW - animals KW - aquatic organisms KW - aquatic animals KW - eukaryotes KW - deoxynivalenol KW - fungal toxins KW - fusariotoxin KW - mycotoxin poisoning KW - toxicosis KW - Versicolorins KW - Human Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (VV800) (Discontinued March 2000) KW - Animal Health and Hygiene (General) (LL800) KW - Aquatic Biology and Ecology (MM300) KW - Animal Toxicology, Poisoning and Pharmacology (LL900) (Discontinued March 2000) KW - Feed Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (RR200) KW - Parasites, Vectors, Pathogens and Biogenic Diseases of Animals (LL820) (Discontinued March 2000) UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lhh&AN=19911210333&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - lhh ER - TY - JOUR TY - GEN AU - Bogumill, M. T.; T1 - Pharmacists' responsibility under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act CT - Pharmacists' responsibility under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act JO - American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (USA) JF - American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (USA) Y1 - 1992/06/01/ VL - 49 IS - Jun SP - 1392 EP - 1394 SN - 00029289 AD - Div. of Regulatory Management, Office of Compliance and Enforcement, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207-0001, USA N1 - Accession Number: 29-10066; Language: English; References: 2; Publication Type: Letters; Journal Coden: AJHPA9; Section Heading: Legislation, Laws and Regulations; Pharmacy Practice; Abstract Author: Elvira deC. Weiss N2 - The responsibilities of dispensing pharmacists regarding compliance with the Poison Prevention Packaging Act and use of child resistant containers are discussed. KW - Pharmacists--dispensing--safety closures, compliance, Poison Prevention Packaging Act; KW - Dispensing--pharmacists--safety closures, compliance, Poison Prevention Packaging Act; KW - Closures--safety--laws, pharmacists compliance, Poison Prevention Packaging Act; KW - Compliance--pharmacists--safety closures, Poison Prevention Packaging Act; KW - Poison Prevention Packaging Act--pharmacists--compliance, safety closures; KW - Laws--Poison Prevention Packaging Act--safety closures, pharmacists compliance; KW - Containers--closures--child resistant, pharmacists compliance; UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ipa&AN=29-10066&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - ipa ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Safety Standard for Magnet Sets. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/09/04/ VL - 77 IS - 171 M3 - Article SP - 53781 EP - 53801 SN - 00976326 AB - The article informs that a notice of proposed rulemaking has been issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission prohibiting the magnet sets. It further informs that the magnet sets are associated with high risk of injury in children. It mentions that the magnets trap the intestinal walls upon ingestion causing long-term health consequences. KW - HAZARDOUS substances KW - RISK assessment KW - MAGNETS KW - INTESTINES -- Wounds & injuries KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 79962438; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 9/4/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 171, p53781; Thesaurus Term: HAZARDOUS substances; Thesaurus Term: RISK assessment; Subject Term: MAGNETS; Subject Term: INTESTINES -- Wounds & injuries ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; Number of Pages: 21p; Illustrations: 1 Chart, 1 Graph; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=79962438&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Revisions to Safety Standards for Durable Infant or Toddler Products: Infant Bath Seats and Full-Size Cribs. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/07/31/ VL - 77 IS - 147 M3 - Article SP - 45242 EP - 45246 SN - 00976326 AB - The article reports on a direct final rule relating to the revisions to safety standards for durable Infant or toddler products issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). It states that the agency has published consumer product safety standards for numerous durable infant or toddler products, including infant bath seats and full-size cribs. It announces that the said rule will take effect on November 12, 2012. KW - STANDARDS KW - REVISIONS KW - CHILDREN'S furniture KW - BABY cribs KW - UNITED States KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 78560510; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 7/31/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 147, p45242; Thesaurus Term: STANDARDS; Subject Term: REVISIONS; Subject Term: CHILDREN'S furniture; Subject Term: BABY cribs; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 337122 Nonupholstered Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=78560510&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Hazardous Substances and Articles; Administration and Enforcement Regulations: Notice of Proposed Rulemaking; Revisions to Animal Testing Regulations. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/06/29/ VL - 77 IS - 126 M3 - Article SP - 38754 EP - 38758 SN - 00976326 AB - The article presents information on the notice of proposed rulemaking issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) for modifying its regulations for animal testing. This proposal has been issued in accordance with the U.S. Federal Hazardous Substances Act. The CPSC is soliciting public comments on thus proposal by September 12, 2012 via electronic mail or in writing. KW - GOVERNMENT policy KW - PUBLIC opinion KW - EMAIL KW - ALTERNATIVE toxicity testing KW - ANIMALS KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 77690205; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 6/29/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 126, p38754; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT policy; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC opinion; Thesaurus Term: EMAIL; Subject Term: ALTERNATIVE toxicity testing; Subject Term: ANIMALS ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=77690205&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 106729728 T1 - Strength capabilities and subjective limits in repetitive manual exertions: task and hand dominance effects. AU - Johnson HE AU - Nussbaum MA Y1 - 2003/11//Nov/Dec2003 N1 - Accession Number: 106729728. Language: English. Entry Date: 20040430. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; equations & formulas; pictorial; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: Honda of America MFG., Inc.. NLM UID: 101146781. KW - Ergonomics KW - Grip Strength KW - Adult KW - Chi Square Test KW - Cumulative Trauma Disorders -- Prevention and Control KW - Descriptive Statistics KW - Female KW - Industry KW - Left-Handedness KW - Male KW - Middle Age KW - Random Sample KW - Repeated Measures KW - Right-Handedness KW - Task Performance and Analysis KW - Funding Source KW - Human SP - 763 EP - 770 JO - AIHA Journal JF - AIHA Journal JA - AIHA J VL - 64 IS - 6 CY - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd AB - Strength and subjectively determined exertion limits are used widely for ergonomic evaluation. Although compilations of such data for the hand and finger exist, several important limitations include the use of inexperienced participants and constrained postures. In this study both strength and maximum acceptable limits (MAL, 2-hour duration) were obtained from both industrial workers and inexperienced volunteers in 10 simulated hand-intensive automotive assembly tasks. To expand the applicability of the results, the effects of hand-dominance were also determined. Results were compared with existing recommendations (by Kodak and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists threshold limit value for hand-intensive activities), and showed that across the diverse tasks the former yields values slightly below the 1st percentile of MAL, whereas the latter values are slightly higher than the 25th percentile. MALs were found to be approximately 50% of strength, consistent with earlier reports, and suggesting that acceptable limits are strongly influenced by physical capacity. Substantial differences ( approximately 30%) in strength and MALs were found between the two participant groups, emphasizing that participants should resemble the target population. Hand-dominance effects were statistically significant though of moderate size ( approximately 5%). Strength and MAL distributions are provided that can be used for evaluation and design of a variety of hand-intensive occupational tasks. SN - 1542-8117 AD - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, Md UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=106729728&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 106799678 T1 - Study of the effectiveness of the US safety standard for child resistant cigarette lighters. AU - Smith LE AU - Greene MA AU - Singh HA Y1 - 2002/09// N1 - Accession Number: 106799678. Language: English. Entry Date: 20030124. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; equations & formulas; pictorial; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Europe; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; Public Health; UK & Ireland. NLM UID: 9510056. KW - Child Safety KW - Consumer Product Safety -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Burns -- Prevention and Control -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Fires -- Prevention and Control KW - Child Health KW - Child, Preschool KW - Comparative Studies KW - Descriptive Statistics KW - Odds Ratio KW - Questionnaires KW - Child KW - Human SP - 192 EP - 196 JO - Injury Prevention (1353-8047) JF - Injury Prevention (1353-8047) JA - INJ PREV VL - 8 IS - 3 PB - BMJ Publishing Group AB - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the US Consumer Product Safety Commission's (CPSC) Safety Standard for Cigarette Lighters, which requires that disposable cigarette lighters be resistant to operation by children younger than age 5. METHODS: Fire data on children playing with lighters were solicited from selected US fire departments for incidents occurring from 1997-99, to identify the proportion of such fires caused by children younger than age 5 playing with cigarette lighters. These data were compared with similar data from 1985-87. An odds ratio was used to determine if there was a significant decrease in cigarette lighter fires caused by children younger than age 5 compared to children ages 5 and older. To estimate fires that would have occurred without the standard, the odds ratio, adjusted for population, was applied to 1998 national estimates of fires occurring. National estimates of 1998 fire losses were based on data from the National Fire Incident Reporting System and the National Fire Protection Association to which the 1997-99 age and lighter type distributions were applied. The difference between the fire losses that would have occurred and those that did occur represented fire losses prevented. RESULTS: In the post-standard study, 48% of the cigarette lighter fires were started by children younger than age 5, compared with 71% in the pre-standard study. The odds ratio of 0.42 was statistically significant (p<0.01). This represented a 58% reduction in fires caused by the younger age group compared to the older age group. When applied to national fire loss data, an estimated 3300 fires, 100 deaths, 660 injuries, and $52.5 million in property loss were prevented by the standard in 1998, totaling $566.8 million in 1998 societal savings. CONCLUSIONS: The CPSC standard requiring child resistant cigarette lighters has reduced fire deaths, injuries, and property loss caused by children playing with cigarette lighters and can be expected to prevent additional fire losses in subsequent years. SN - 1353-8047 AD - Hazard Analysis Division, Directorate for Epidemiology, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814-4408; lsmith@cpsc.gov U2 - PMID: 12226114. UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=106799678&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 106808857 T1 - The effectiveness of child-resistant packaging for aspirin. AU - Rodgers GB Y1 - 2002/09// N1 - Accession Number: 106808857. Language: English. Entry Date: 20030221. Revision Date: 20160919. Publication Type: Journal Article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 9422751. KW - Aspirin -- Poisoning -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Drug Packaging KW - Protective Devices KW - Child Safety KW - Poisoning -- Mortality -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Evaluation Research KW - Multiple Regression KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Human SP - 929 EP - 933 JO - Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine JF - Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine JA - ARCH PEDIATR ADOLESC MED VL - 156 IS - 9 CY - Chicago, Illinois PB - American Medical Association SN - 1072-4710 AD - Directorate for Economic Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207; grodgers@cpsc.gov U2 - PMID: 12197802. UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=106808857&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 106957984 T1 - Effects of state helmet laws on bicycle helmet use by children and adolescents. AU - Rodgers GB Y1 - 2002/03// N1 - Accession Number: 106957984. Language: English. Entry Date: 20020906. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Europe; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; Public Health; UK & Ireland. NLM UID: 9510056. KW - Head Protective Devices -- Legislation and Jurisprudence KW - Head Protective Devices -- Utilization -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Head Protective Devices -- Utilization -- In Adolescence KW - Child KW - Adolescence KW - Child Health KW - Adolescent Health KW - Safety KW - Cross Sectional Studies KW - Survey Research KW - Multiple Logistic Regression KW - Odds Ratio KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Child Safety KW - Male KW - Female KW - Data Analysis Software KW - Random Sample KW - Human SP - 42 EP - 46 JO - Injury Prevention (1353-8047) JF - Injury Prevention (1353-8047) JA - INJ PREV PB - BMJ Publishing Group AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of state helmet laws in increasing the use of bicycle helmets by children and adolescents under age 16. SETTING: United States. METHODS: A cross sectional study of factors associated with the likelihood of helmet use by children and adolescents. Data were derived from a national random digit dial telephone survey of bicycle riders. A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to quantify the independent effect of the state helmet laws on helmet use. RESULTS: Helmet use was systematically related to the presence of state helmet laws (odds ratio 2.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29 to 5.44). The increase in the average probability of helmet use attributable to state helmet laws was 18.4% (95% CI 17.8% to 19.0%). CONCLUSIONS: State helmet laws significantly increase helmet use by children and play an important part in any comprehensive effort designed to achieve this goal. SN - 1353-8047 AD - Directorate for Economic Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207; grodgers@cpsc.gov U2 - PMID: 11928973. UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=106957984&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 107027801 T1 - Review of hazards associated with children placed in adult beds. AU - Nakamura S AU - Wind M AU - Danello MA Y1 - 1999/10// N1 - Accession Number: 107027801. Language: English. Entry Date: 20010601. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 9422751. KW - Bed Sharing KW - Beds and Mattresses -- Adverse Effects KW - Parenting KW - Asphyxia -- Prevention and Control KW - Asphyxia -- Mortality KW - Asphyxia -- Etiology KW - Retrospective Design KW - Infant KW - Child KW - Female KW - Male KW - Human SP - 1019 EP - 1023 JO - Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine JF - Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine JA - ARCH PEDIATR ADOLESC MED VL - 153 IS - 10 CY - Chicago, Illinois PB - American Medical Association SN - 1072-4710 AD - Directorate for Epidemiology and Health Sciences 600-18, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East-West Hwy, Bethseda, MD 20814-4408. E-mail: snakamura@cpsc.gov U2 - PMID: 10520608. UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=107027801&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 107007975 T1 - Sudden infant death with external airways covered: case-comparison study of 206 deaths in the United States. AU - Scheers NJ AU - Dayton CM AU - Kemp JS Y1 - 1998/06// N1 - Accession Number: 107007975. Language: English. Entry Date: 20010323. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: American Lung Association, New York, NY. NLM UID: 9422751. KW - Sudden Infant Death -- Etiology KW - Bedding and Linens KW - Respiratory System KW - Patient Positioning KW - Prone Position KW - Case Control Studies KW - Data Analysis Software KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Chi Square Test KW - Odds Ratio KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Logistic Regression KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Funding Source KW - Human SP - 540 EP - 547 JO - Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine JF - Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine JA - ARCH PEDIATR ADOLESC MED VL - 152 IS - 6 CY - Chicago, Illinois PB - American Medical Association SN - 1072-4710 AD - Division of Hazard Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD U2 - PMID: 9641706. UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=107007975&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Standard for All-Terrain Vehicles. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/02/29/ VL - 77 IS - 40 M3 - Article SP - 12197 EP - 12200 SN - 00976326 AB - The article presents information on a final rule issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission regarding publishing of a mandatory consumer product safety standard. The final rule has been issued in accordance with the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 of the U.S. and is applicable to for four-wheel vehicles equipment configurations. This rule will be effective by April 30, 2012. KW - SAFETY standards KW - GOVERNMENT regulation KW - FOUR-wheel steering KW - MOTOR vehicles -- Equipment & supplies KW - UNITED States KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 73069018; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission.; Issue Info: 2/29/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 40, p12197; Thesaurus Term: SAFETY standards; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT regulation; Subject Term: FOUR-wheel steering; Subject Term: MOTOR vehicles -- Equipment & supplies; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423120 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 415190 Recreational and other motor vehicles merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=73069018&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Safety Standard for Portable Bed Rails: Final Rule. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/02/29/ VL - 77 IS - 40 M3 - Article SP - 12182 EP - 12197 SN - 00976326 AB - The article presents information on a final rule issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission regarding promulgation of safety standards for durable infant products. The final rule has been issued in accordance with the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 of the U.S. and is applicable to bed rails. This rule will be effective by August 29, 2012. KW - SAFETY standards KW - CONSUMER goods KW - GOVERNMENT regulation KW - INFANTS -- Safety measures KW - SAFETY measures KW - UNITED States KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 73069017; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission.; Issue Info: 2/29/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 40, p12182; Thesaurus Term: SAFETY standards; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMER goods; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT regulation; Subject Term: INFANTS -- Safety measures; Subject Term: SAFETY measures; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 532299 All Other Consumer Goods Rental; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 16p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=73069017&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 107266729 T1 - The safety effects of child-resistant packaging for oral prescription drugs. Two decades of experience. AU - Rodgers GB AU - Rodgers, G B Y1 - 1996/06/05/ N1 - Accession Number: 107266729. Language: English. Entry Date: 19980601. Revision Date: 20161112. Publication Type: journal article; research; tables/charts. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 7501160. KW - Drug Packaging KW - Infant Mortality -- United States KW - Child Mortality -- United States KW - United States KW - Child Mortality -- Trends -- United States KW - Infant Mortality -- Trends -- United States KW - Administration, Oral KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Child Safety KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Drugs, Prescription -- Poisoning -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Overdose -- Prevention and Control -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Regression KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Human SP - 1661 EP - 1665 JO - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association JF - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association JA - JAMA VL - 275 IS - 21 CY - Chicago, Illinois PB - American Medical Association AB - Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of child-resistant packaging in reducing the mortality rate for children younger than 5 years from the unintentional ingestion of oral prescription drugs.Design: Annual mortality rates for children younger than 5 years associated with the unintentional ingestion of oral prescription drugs are constructed for 1964 through 1992. The effect of child-resistant packaging on the child mortality rate during the postintervention period (1974 through 1992) is evaluated with a multivariate time series regression model. The analysis controls for changes in the consumption of oral prescription drugs over time and for long-term safety trends.Setting: United States.Subjects: Children younger than 5 years.Main Outcome Measure: Estimated reductions in the child mortality rate associated with the use of child-resistant packaging.Results: After controlling for covariates, the use of child-resistant packaging was associated with an annual reduction in the oral prescription drug-related mortality rate of 1.40 (95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.95) deaths per million children younger than 5 years. This suggests a reduction of about 460 child deaths from 1974, the year oral prescription drugs became subject to child-resistant packaging requirements, through 1992-a mortality rate reduction of about 45% from levels projected without the child-resistant requirements.Conclusion: Child-resistant packaging reduces child mortality from the unintentional ingestion of oral prescription drugs. SN - 0098-7484 AD - Directorate for Economic Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207, USA AD - Directorate for Economic Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207 U2 - PMID: 8637140. UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=107266729&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Burlington Coat Factory Warehouse Corporation, Provisional Acceptance of a Settlement Agreement and Order. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/07/30/ VL - 77 IS - 146 M3 - Article SP - 44593 EP - 44595 SN - 00976326 AB - The article focuses on the settlement provisionally accepted by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission with Burlington Coat Factory Warehouse Corp. The settlement agreement contains a civil penalty of $1,500,000. Moreover, it is noted that any person can file a written request with the Office of the Secretary to ask the commission not to accept the agreement or comment on its contents. KW - COMPROMISE (Law) -- United States KW - CIVIL penalties KW - UNITED States KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission KW - BURLINGTON Coat Factory Warehouse Corp. N1 - Accession Number: 78560410; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 7/30/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 146, p44593; Subject Term: COMPROMISE (Law) -- United States; Subject Term: CIVIL penalties; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission ; Company/Entity: BURLINGTON Coat Factory Warehouse Corp. Ticker: BCF; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=78560410&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Battat Incorporated, Provisional Acceptance of a Settlement Agreement and Order. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/07/20/ VL - 77 IS - 140 M3 - Article SP - 42702 EP - 42704 SN - 00976326 AB - The article presents a government notice issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) regarding a settlement agreement between Battat Inc. and the agency. It mentions that Battat has entered into a provisional acceptance of a settlement agreement and order with the agency under the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA). It notes that the settlement happened after the company has failed to inform the CPSC or consumers on the defect and potential hazards of its product. KW - PRODUCT failure KW - PRODUCT safety KW - GOVERNMENT policy KW - CONSUMER protection KW - GOVERNMENT publications -- United States KW - COMPROMISE (Law) -- United States KW - UNITED States KW - BATTAT Inc. KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 78125330; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 7/20/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 140, p42702; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCT failure; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCT safety; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT policy; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMER protection; Subject Term: GOVERNMENT publications -- United States; Subject Term: COMPROMISE (Law) -- United States; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: BATTAT Inc. ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 911910 Other federal government public administration; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=78125330&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Revocation of Certain Requirements Pertaining to Caps Intended for Use With Toy Guns and Toy Guns Not Intended for Use With Caps. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/06/25/ VL - 77 IS - 122 M3 - Article SP - 37834 EP - 37836 SN - 00976326 AB - The article presents information on the notice of proposed rulemaking issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) regarding the standard consumer safety specifications for the toy safety. This notice has been issued in accordance with the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008. The CPSC is soliciting public comments on this notice by August 24, 2012 via electronic mail or in writing. KW - CONSUMERS KW - SAFETY standards KW - CONSUMER goods KW - PUBLIC opinion KW - EMAIL KW - TOYS -- Safety measures KW - UNITED States KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 77638422; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 6/25/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 122, p37834; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMERS; Thesaurus Term: SAFETY standards; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMER goods; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC opinion; Thesaurus Term: EMAIL; Subject Term: TOYS -- Safety measures; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 532299 All Other Consumer Goods Rental; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339930 Doll, Toy, and Game Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451120 Hobby, Toy, and Game Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423920 Toy and Hobby Goods and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414460 Toy and hobby goods merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=77638422&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Butturini, Randy T1 - Sensing Risks. JO - Appliance Manufacturer JF - Appliance Manufacturer Y1 - 2003/10// VL - 51 IS - 10 M3 - Article SP - 19 PB - BNP Media SN - 0003679X AB - Presents an edited version of a paper presented at the 2003 International Appliance Technical Conference in West Layfayette, India, which looks into the different areas of sensor improvements. Presentation of a material that is capable of detecting small changes in the poly vinylidene fluoride film; Use of semiconductor-manufacturing techniques and bulk-material to produce high-performance but low-cost sensors; Benefits that may be gained through the use of smart sensors. KW - SUMMIT meetings KW - ELECTRONIC industries KW - INDIA N1 - Accession Number: 11030598; Butturini, Randy 1; Affiliations: 1: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (USPSC), Bethesda, Md.; Issue Info: Oct2003, Vol. 51 Issue 10, p19; Thesaurus Term: SUMMIT meetings; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC industries; Subject: INDIA; NAICS/Industry Codes: 443143 Appliance, television and other electronics stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334410 Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=11030598&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tohamy, Soumaya M. AD - US Consumer Product Safety Commission T1 - Does 'Wagner's Law' Hold for Middle Eastern Countries? JO - Public Finance JF - Public Finance Y1 - 1999/// VL - 54 IS - 1-2 SP - 99 EP - 113 SN - 00333476 N1 - Accession Number: 0824240; Keywords: Developing Countries; GDP; Government; Wagner's Law; Geographic Descriptors: Middle East; Geographic Region: Asia; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 200603 N2 - "Wagner's law" of expanding state activity has been extensively studied in the literature. Abizadeh and Gray (1985) use government spending and conclude that Wagner's law holds for developing countries, but not for poor or developed countries. The World Bank classifies Middle Eastern countries as middle-income countries. Therefore, most of them would be considered developing countries. Using IMF country GDP and government expenditure and consumption data, I test Wagner's law for Middle Eastern countries. Less than a third of them display increasing spending with income. This refutes the traditional interpretation of Wagner's law that measures government activity narrowly through government spending. KW - Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government H11 KW - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements O17 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0824240&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - ecn ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wolfson, Scott T1 - Commentary. JO - PRWeek (U.S. Edition) JF - PRWeek (U.S. Edition) Y1 - 2015/03// VL - 18 IS - 3 M3 - Article SP - 16 EP - 16 SN - 15241696 AB - The article offers the author's insights on the Pool Safety campaign of U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission which aims to give parent awareness on dangers of pools to children. Topics mentioned include the lack of necessary steps to make children safe in and around the water, the simple steps recommended such as watching them in the water, teaching them to swim, and installing fence and drain covers, and the adoption of campaign partners including American Red Cross. KW - AWARENESS advertising KW - SWIMMING pools -- Safety measures KW - PARENT & child KW - PARENTS -- Attitudes KW - RISK perception KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission KW - AMERICAN Red Cross N1 - Accession Number: 101537067; Wolfson, Scott 1; Affiliations: 1: communications director and senior adviser, US Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: Mar2015, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p16; Thesaurus Term: AWARENESS advertising; Subject Term: SWIMMING pools -- Safety measures; Subject Term: PARENT & child; Subject Term: PARENTS -- Attitudes; Subject Term: RISK perception ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission ; Company/Entity: AMERICAN Red Cross; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); NAICS/Industry Codes: 238990 All Other Specialty Trade Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 713940 Fitness and Recreational Sports Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 1/2p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=101537067&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. AD - US Consumer Product Safety Commission T1 - Bicyclist Risks and Helmet Usage Patterns: An Analysis of Compensatory Behavior in a Risky Recreational Activity JO - Managerial and Decision Economics JF - Managerial and Decision Economics Y1 - 1996/09//September-October 1996 VL - 17 IS - 5 SP - 493 EP - 507 SN - 01436570 N1 - Accession Number: 0403366; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199703 KW - Consumer Protection D18 KW - Health Production I12 L3 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291099-1468/issues UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0403366&site=ehost-live&scope=site UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291099-1468/issues DP - EBSCOhost DB - ecn ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. AD - US Consumer Product Safety Commission T1 - Revisiting All-Terrain Vehicle Injury Risks: Response to Critique JO - Journal of Regulatory Economics JF - Journal of Regulatory Economics Y1 - 1996/09// VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 201 EP - 216 SN - 0922680X N1 - Accession Number: 0398232; Keywords: Consumer; Product Safety; Safety; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199612 N2 - This article responds to a recent critique published in this journal of the statistical basis for actions taken by the Consumer Product Safety Commission to address all-terrain vehicle injury risks. It shows that the critique omitted important information in order to make its case, and that the CPSC findings were much more firmly supported by the data than indicated by the critique. KW - Consumer Protection D18 L3 - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/11149 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0398232&site=ehost-live&scope=site UR - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/11149 DP - EBSCOhost DB - ecn ER - TY - JOUR ID - 107260364 T1 - Pediatric window-cord strangulations in the United States, 1981-1995. AU - Rauchschwalbe R AU - Mann NC AU - Rauchschwalbe, R AU - Mann, N C Y1 - 1997/06/04/ N1 - Accession Number: 107260364. Language: English. Entry Date: 19980501. Revision Date: 20161112. Publication Type: journal article; research; tables/charts. Commentary: Bishai D M. Pediatric window-cord strangulations. (JAMA) 10/08/97; 278 (14): 1152-1152. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. Grant Information: Supported in part by a Jean B. Kempner Scholars Award. NLM UID: 7501160. KW - Asphyxia -- Etiology -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Accidents, Home -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Asphyxia -- Mortality -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Asphyxia -- Epidemiology -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Neck Injuries -- Epidemiology -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - United States KW - Home Environment KW - Funding Source KW - Interior Design and Furnishings KW - Retrospective Design KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Risk Factors KW - Child KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Prevalence KW - Human SP - 1696 EP - 1698 JO - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association JF - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association JA - JAMA VL - 277 IS - 21 CY - Chicago, Illinois PB - American Medical Association AB - Objective: To document the prevalence of pediatric asphyxial death from window-covering cords in the United States and identify associated risk factors.Design: Retrospective analysis of existing death certificate and incident files compiled by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission.Setting: United States, 1981 through 1995.Patients: Children aged 1 month to 8 years suffering unintentional traumatic asphyxiation from a window-covering cord.Results: A total of 183 fatal window-cord strangulations were reported for the years 1981 through 1995, representing a mortality rate of 0.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10-0.18) per 100000 persons (< or =3 years old) per year in the United States. Ninety-three percent of victims were 3 years of age or younger. Pull cords on venetian-type horizontal window coverings accounted for 86% of documented injuries. Infant victims were more likely to become entangled while put down for a nap and toddlers were more likely to be suspended by the cord after falling or jumping from a height (P=.002). Window coverings remained anchored and did not undrape when substantial weight was suspended in the draw-cord loop.Conclusions: Window-covering cords represent a substantial strangulation hazard compared with other potentially harmful household products that were modified based on voluntary standards to mitigate the risk of injury. Product design modifications and parental education will be necessary to avert this type of fatal home injury. SN - 0098-7484 AD - Office of Compliance, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC, USA AD - Office of Compliance, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC U2 - PMID: 9169896. UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=107260364&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. AD - US Consumer Product Safety Commission T1 - Estimating Jury Compensation for Pain and Suffering in Product Liability Cases Involving Nonfatal Personal Injury JO - Journal of Forensic Economics JF - Journal of Forensic Economics Y1 - 1993///Fall VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 251 EP - 262 SN - 08985510 N1 - Accession Number: 0328392; Keywords: Liability; Product Liability; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199409 N2 - Compensation for the non-economic losses associated with pain and suffering in jury awards is commonly viewed as subjective, highly unpredictable, and even random. This article uses Tobit regression model to estimate jury compensation for pain and suffering in product liability cases involving nonfatal personal injury. The analysis shows that compensation varies greatly on a case-by-case basis but is by no means random: pain and suffering awards are systematically related to economic losses and to the type and severity of injury. The results are discussed within the context of proposals to schedule jury compensation for pain and suffering. KW - Value of Life; Forgone Income J17 KW - Tort Law and Product Liability; Forensic Economics K13 L3 - http://www.journalofforensiceconomics.com/loi/foen UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0328392&site=ehost-live&scope=site UR - http://www.journalofforensiceconomics.com/loi/foen DP - EBSCOhost DB - ecn ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. AD - US Consumer Product Safety Commission T1 - All-Terrain Vehicles: Market Reaction to Risk Information JO - Economic Inquiry JF - Economic Inquiry Y1 - 1993/01// VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 29 EP - 38 SN - 00952583 N1 - Accession Number: 0276928; Keywords: Vehicles; Geographic Descriptors: U.S.; Geographic Region: Northern America; Publication Type: Journal Article; Update Code: 199306 N2 - This article examines the market response to new risk information implicit in a recent regulatory stop-sale of new three-wheeled all-terrain vehicles. A hedonic price analysis is used to quantify the stop-sale's impact in the secondhand market, a market segment not directly affected by the stop-sale. The analysis shows a substantial reduction in the price of three-wheeled all-terrain vehicles relative to the price of less risky models. This result is consistent with rational economic behavior and suggests that providing new risk information can improve market efficiency. KW - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis D12 KW - Consumer Protection D18 KW - Automobiles; Other Transportation Equipment L62 L3 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291465-7295/issues UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ecn&AN=0276928&site=ehost-live&scope=site UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291465-7295/issues DP - EBSCOhost DB - ecn ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Table Saw Blade Contact Injuries; Reopening of the Comment Period. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/02/15/ VL - 77 IS - 31 M3 - Article SP - 8751 EP - 8753 SN - 00976326 AB - The article presents information that U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has been seeking comments from the public regarding performance safety standards associated with table saws. It states that this step has been taken by CPSC in accordance with the Consumer Product Safety Act of the U.S. It further states that CPSC is soliciting comments by March 16, 2012 via electronic mail. KW - PUBLIC opinion KW - SAFETY standards KW - CONSUMER goods KW - EMAIL KW - TABLE saws KW - SAFETY measures KW - UNITED States KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 71954195; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission.; Issue Info: 02/15/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 31, p8751; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC opinion; Thesaurus Term: SAFETY standards; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMER goods; Thesaurus Term: EMAIL; Subject Term: TABLE saws; Subject Term: SAFETY measures; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 532299 All Other Consumer Goods Rental; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333245 Sawmill and woodworking machinery manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 333243 Sawmill, Woodworking, and Paper Machinery Manufacturing; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=71954195&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Henry Gordy International, Inc., Provisional Acceptance of a Settlement Agreement and Order. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2011/10/14/ VL - 76 IS - 199 M3 - Article SP - 63906 EP - 63908 SN - 00976326 AB - The article announces a notice initiated by Consumer Product Safety Commission in the U.S. regarding its provisionally-accepted Settlement Agreement with Henry Gordy International Inc. KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission KW - HENRY Gordy International Inc. N1 - Accession Number: 69911108; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission.; Issue Info: 10/14/2011, Vol. 76 Issue 199, p63906 ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission ; Company/Entity: HENRY Gordy International Inc.; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=69911108&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Nordica USA, Provisional Acceptance of a Settlement Agreement and Order. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2011/10/11/ VL - 76 IS - 196 M3 - Article SP - 62785 EP - 62787 SN - 00976326 AB - The article reports on the provisional acceptance of settlement agreement and order notice proposed by the Consumer Product and Safety Commission to Nordica USA Inc. in the U.S. The said commission aims to settle Nordica's product safety issue on its skis in pursuant to the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA). Furthermore, the settlement process and the company's response to its issues are also detailed. KW - OFFER & acceptance (Contracts) KW - PRODUCT safety KW - GOVERNMENT agencies KW - COMPROMISE (Law) KW - LAW & legislation KW - UNITED States KW - NORDICA USA Inc. N1 - Accession Number: 69850594; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 10/11/2011, Vol. 76 Issue 196, p62785; Thesaurus Term: OFFER & acceptance (Contracts); Thesaurus Term: PRODUCT safety; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT agencies; Subject Term: COMPROMISE (Law); Subject Term: LAW & legislation; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: NORDICA USA Inc. DUNS Number: 050524131; Number of Pages: 3p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=69850594&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 107162874 T1 - Let's welcome a new generation of child-resistant packaging. AU - Rodgers GB Y1 - 1998/03//1998 Mar N1 - Accession Number: 107162874. Language: English. Entry Date: 19990201. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; pictorial. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 8702030. KW - Drug Packaging -- Standards KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Child KW - Adult SP - 57 EP - 63 JO - Contemporary Pediatrics JF - Contemporary Pediatrics JA - CONTEMP PEDIATR VL - 15 IS - 3 CY - North Olmsted, Ohio PB - Advanstar Communications Inc. AB - Child-resistant packaging has prevented many poisonings, but it would prevent even more if it were not so frustrating to adults. New, easy-to-manage prescription-drug containers are a step in the right direction. SN - 8750-0507 AD - Directorate for Economic Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=107162874&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR TY - GEN AU - Jacobson, B. J.; AU - Rock, A. R.; AU - Cohn, M. S.; AU - Litovitz, T.; T1 - Accidental ingestions of oral prescription drugs: multicenter survey CT - Accidental ingestions of oral prescription drugs: multicenter survey JO - American Journal of Public Health (USA) JF - American Journal of Public Health (USA) Y1 - 1989/07/01/ VL - 79 IS - Jul SP - 853 EP - 856 SN - 02714353 AD - US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Directorate for Hlth. Sci., Rm. 724, Washington, DC 20207, USA N1 - Accession Number: 27-01196; Language: English; References: 16; Journal Coden: AJHEAA; Section Heading: Sociology, Economics and Ethics; Pharmaceutical TechnologyToxicity; Abstract Author: Victor Origoni N2 - A telephone survey of 1866 accidental ingestion incidents of oral prescription drugs by children under 5-yr-old reported to 9 poison control centers in 1986 was conducted to characterize specific factors that contribute to these incidents. Accidental ingestion occurred most often with a 2-yr-old child. The toxic drugs involved were usually stored out of their usual storage location and in non-child resistant packages. Results suggest the need for effective child-resistant packaging that is easier for all adults to use. KW - Poisoning--pediatrics--child-resistant containers; KW - Closures--safety--poisoning, pediatrics; KW - Pediatrics--poisoning--safety closures; KW - Data collection--poisoning--pediatrics, contributory factors; KW - Age--pediatrics--poisoning, prescription drugs; KW - Prescriptions--drugs--pediatric poisoning, contributory factors; KW - Toxicity--prescription drugs--poisoning, pediatrics; UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ipa&AN=27-01196&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - ipa ER - TY - JOUR TY - GEN AU - Walton, W. W.; T1 - Evaluaton of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act CT - Evaluaton of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act JO - Pediatrics (USA) JF - Pediatrics (USA) Y1 - 1982/03/01/ VL - 69 IS - Mar SP - 363 EP - 370 SN - 00314005 AD - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207 N1 - Accession Number: 21-01210; Language: English; References: 7; Journal Coden: PEDIAU; Section Heading: Toxicity; Legislation, Laws and Regulations; Abstract Author: Mary C. Love N2 - The effectiveness of child resistant closures in reducing the incidence of accidental ingestions of 15 regulated substances among children less than 5 yr of age was investigated using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System and the National Center for Health Statistics. The ingestion rate for all substances that require child resistant closures has declined from 5.7/1000 children in 1973 to 3.4/1000 children in 1978. Over the past 20 yr, the death rate due to poisonings of children has declined from 2.0/100,000 children to 0.5/100,000. It was estimated that child resistant closures have prevented nearly 200,000 accidental ingestions since 1973. KW - Poison Prevention Packaging Act--closures--safety, child resistant, statistics, pediatric poisoning; KW - Toxicity--drugs--poisoning, pediatrics, reduction, relation, closures, child resistant, statistics; KW - Closures--safety--child resistant, reduction, poisoning, pediatrics, statistics; KW - Pediatrics--poisoning--reduction, relation, containers, child resistant, statistics; KW - Containers--closures--child resistant, reduction, poisoning, pediatrics, statistics; KW - Poisoning--pediatrics--reduction, relation, closures, child resistant, statistics; KW - Statistics--poisoning--reduction, relation, closures, child resistant, pediatrics; UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ipa&AN=21-01210&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - ipa ER - TY - JOUR TY - GEN AU - Gross, R. L.; AU - Wiener, J.; AU - Marozzi, F. J.; AU - Maisel, G. S.; T1 - Child resistant packaging\M/is it worth it? CT - Child resistant packaging\M/is it worth it? JO - Veterinary and Human Toxicology (USA) JF - Veterinary and Human Toxicology (USA) Y1 - 1980/01/01/ VL - 22 IS - Suppl 2 SP - 18 EP - 21 SN - 01456296 AD - Div. of Safety Packaging and Scientific Coordination, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207 N1 - Accession Number: 19-01931; Language: English; Chemical Name: Aspirin--50-78-2; References: 6; Journal Coden: VHTODE; Section Heading: Toxicity; Sociology, Economics and Ethics N2 - The effectiveness of special packaging regulations under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act was evaluated in 7 product areas. Data from the National Clearinghouse for Poison Control Centers and the Consumer Product Safety Commission were used to measure the reduction in the number and severity of accidental injuries to young children. Preregulatory activity caused small declines in ingestions, which levelled off rapidly. When preregulatory activity was minimal or nonexistent, the incidence of injury increased or remained constant. However, once special packaging requirements were implemented, injury statistics showed a continual decline. The number of ingestions for aspirin, controlled drugs, sodium/potassium hydroxide, turpentine, illuminating and/or kindling preparations, and prescription drugs declined 30-64%. Special packaging did not cause a reduction in furniture polish ingestions, but reduced their severity. It was determined that there appears to be a direct relationship between the implementation of special packaging standards and reductions in morbidity and mortality statistics. Achievement of maximum efficiency appeared to be dependent upon public acceptance of special packaging. KW - Aspirin--packaging-; KW - Packaging--regulations--child resistant, effects, injuries, statistics, pediatrics; KW - Regulations--packaging--child resistant, effects, injuries, statistics, pediatrics; KW - Pediatrics--poisoning--relation, packaging, child resistant, statistics; KW - Statistics--poisoning--relation, packaging, child resistant, pediatrics; KW - Controlled substances--packaging--child resistant, relation, injuries, statistics, pediatrics; KW - Prescriptions--packaging--child resistant, relation, injuries, statistics, pediatrics; KW - Poisoning--drugs--pediatrics, relation, packaging, child resistant, statistics; KW - Closures--safety--child resistant, statistics, poisoning; KW - Containers--closures--safety, child resistant, statistics; KW - Toxicity--drugs--pediatrics, relation, packaging, child resistant, statistics; UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ipa&AN=19-01931&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - ipa ER - TY - JOUR TY - GEN AU - Maisel, G. S.; T1 - Update on child resistant packaging CT - Update on child resistant packaging JO - American Pharmacy (USA) JF - American Pharmacy (USA) Y1 - 1980/08/01/ VL - NS20 IS - Aug SP - 12 EP - 13 SN - 01603450 AD - Div. of Safety Packaging and Scientific Coordination, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207 N1 - Accession Number: 18-00188; Language: English; Journal Coden: AMPHDF; Section Heading: Legislation, Laws and Regulations; Abstract Author: Elvira deC. Weiss N2 - A list of substances, including drugs, regulated under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970, as well as those drugs and dosage forms and levels currently exempted from established standards, is given. KW - Closures--safety--child resistant, update, Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970, substances, list; KW - Packaging--closures--safety, child resistant, update, Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970, substances, list; KW - Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970--closures--safety, child resistant, update, substances, list; KW - Laws--Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970--closures, safety, child resistant, update, substances, list; UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ipa&AN=18-00188&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - ipa ER - TY - JOUR TY - GEN AU - Clarke, A.; AU - Walton, W. W.; T1 - Effect of safety packaging on aspirin ingestion by children CT - Effect of safety packaging on aspirin ingestion by children JO - Pediatrics (USA) JF - Pediatrics (USA) Y1 - 1979/05/01/ VL - 63 IS - May SP - 687 EP - 693 SN - 00314005 AD - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207 N1 - Accession Number: 16-5907; Language: English; Chemical Name: Aspirin--50-78-2; References: 3; Journal Coden: PEDIAU; Section Heading: Toxicity; Legislation, Laws and Regulations N2 - The effectiveness of safety packaging in reducing the incidence of accidental ingestion of aspirin (I) and I containing products among young children was studied before and after child resistant closures were required under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970. Pediatric and adult products were studied separately. For pediatric I, it was estimated that safety packaging has reduced the incidence of ingestions 45% to 55%. For nonpediatric products, the reduction has been 40% to 45%. KW - Aspirin--packaging-; KW - Closures--safety--effects, incidence of aspirin ingestion, pediatrics; KW - Packaging--aspirin--closures, safety, decrease poisoning, pediatrics; KW - Pediatrics--aspirin--poisoning, decreased, by child resistant packaging; KW - Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970--effects--aspirin, decreased ingestion, pediatrics; KW - Poisoning--aspirin--decreased, by child resistant packaging; KW - Toxicity--aspirin--poisoning, decreased by child resistant packaging; UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ipa&AN=16-5907&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - ipa ER - TY - JOUR AU - Steorts, Nancy Harvey T1 - New Directions in Product-Safety Regulation. JO - Directors & Boards JF - Directors & Boards Y1 - 1984///Summer84 VL - 8 IS - 4 M3 - Article SP - 28 EP - 32 SN - 03649156 AB - The article looks at the trends occurring in the field of consumer product-safety regulation. One of the major trend is the upgrading of the importance of product safety in the minds of corporate executives. It mentions that cost-benefit analyses are now part of the decisionmaking process and bottom-line considerations are being taken into account without overlooking the needs of the consumer. INSET: Avoiding a Recall: J&J's Open Presentation. KW - PRODUCT safety KW - CONSUMER protection KW - EXECUTIVES KW - COST effectiveness KW - DECISION making N1 - Accession Number: 27253682; Steorts, Nancy Harvey 1,2; Affiliations: 1: Chairman, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; 2: Chairman, Executive Women in Government; Issue Info: Summer84, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p28; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCT safety; Thesaurus Term: CONSUMER protection; Thesaurus Term: EXECUTIVES; Thesaurus Term: COST effectiveness; Thesaurus Term: DECISION making; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 5p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=27253682&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Haier America Trading, LLC, Provisional Acceptance of a Settlement Agreement and Order. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/09/19/ VL - 77 IS - 182 M3 - Article SP - 58098 EP - 58099 SN - 00976326 AB - The article focuses on a notice issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission regarding the settlement of a legal dispute with Haier America Trading LLC. It informs that the settlement has been done after Haier America Trading submitted a civil penalty of 850,000 U.S. dollars due to distribution of defected blending machines among the U.S. consumers. KW - LEGAL advertising KW - FINES (Penalties) KW - CONSUMER protection KW - COMPROMISE (Law) KW - UNITED States KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission KW - HAIER America Trading LLC N1 - Accession Number: 81282868; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 9/19/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 182, p58098; Thesaurus Term: LEGAL advertising; Thesaurus Term: FINES (Penalties); Thesaurus Term: CONSUMER protection; Subject Term: COMPROMISE (Law); Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission ; Company/Entity: HAIER America Trading LLC DUNS Number: 045815722; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=81282868&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Petition Requesting Rulemaking To Revise Test Procedures for Glazing Materials in Architectural Products. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/08/30/ VL - 77 IS - 169 M3 - Article SP - 52625 EP - 52626 SN - 00976326 AB - The article informs about a notice issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). The notice informs that a petition has been received by the CPSC requesting to initiate rulemaking to revise the testing procedures for glazing materials in architectural products. The notice invites public comments on the petition which are to be submitted to CPSC in Maryland. KW - ADMINISTRATIVE procedure KW - PUBLIC opinion KW - PETITIONS KW - GLAZING (Glass installation) KW - MARYLAND KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 79837172; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 8/30/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 169, p52625; Thesaurus Term: ADMINISTRATIVE procedure; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC opinion; Subject Term: PETITIONS; Subject Term: GLAZING (Glass installation); Subject: MARYLAND ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=79837172&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Petition Requesting Commission Action Regarding Crib Bumpers. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/06/25/ VL - 77 IS - 122 M3 - Article SP - 37836 EP - 37837 SN - 00976326 AB - The article presents information that the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has received a petition from Juvenile Products Manufacturers Association Inc. for initiating a rulemaking for distinguishing and regulating the hazardous pillow-like crib bumpers from the non-hazardous traditional crib bumpers. The CPSC is soliciting public comments on this petition by August 24, 2012 via electronic mail or in writing. KW - PUBLIC opinion KW - EMAIL KW - PETITIONS KW - CHILDREN'S paraphernalia -- Societies, etc. KW - CRIB quilts KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 77638423; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 6/25/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 122, p37836; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC opinion; Thesaurus Term: EMAIL; Subject Term: PETITIONS; Subject Term: CHILDREN'S paraphernalia -- Societies, etc.; Subject Term: CRIB quilts ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=77638423&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Petition Requesting Exception from Lead Content Limits; Notice Granting Exception. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/04/05/ VL - 77 IS - 66 M3 - Article SP - 20614 EP - 20615 SN - 00976326 AB - The article presents information on a notice issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to inform about a petition approved by CPSC, granting exception in the amount of lead content in the aluminum alloy used for making ride-on toys for children below the age of three years. The petition has been approved in accordance with the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 and the U.S. Federal Hazardous Substances Act. The notice is effective on April 5, 2012. KW - HAZARDOUS substances KW - PETITIONS KW - ALUMINUM alloys KW - TOYS -- Safety measures KW - LAW & legislation KW - CHILDREN -- Health KW - UNITED States KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 74236401; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission.; Issue Info: 4/5/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 66, p20614; Thesaurus Term: HAZARDOUS substances; Subject Term: PETITIONS; Subject Term: ALUMINUM alloys; Subject Term: TOYS -- Safety measures; Subject Term: LAW & legislation; Subject Term: CHILDREN -- Health; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331317 Aluminum rolling, drawing, extruding and alloying; NAICS/Industry Codes: 331313 Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production; NAICS/Industry Codes: 562112 Hazardous Waste Collection; NAICS/Industry Codes: 451120 Hobby, Toy, and Game Stores; NAICS/Industry Codes: 414460 Toy and hobby goods merchant wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 339930 Doll, Toy, and Game Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 423920 Toy and Hobby Goods and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=74236401&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - CHAP ID - 2007-04209-006 AN - 2007-04209-006 AU - Staley, Julie K. AU - Cosgrove, Kelly P. AU - Meil, William M. AU - Boja, John W. AU - Brunzell, Darlene H. AU - Esterlis, Irina AU - Krishnan-Sarin, Suchitra AU - Staley, Julie K. AU - Haile, Colin N. AU - Mash, Deborah C. AU - Baumann, Michael H. AU - Rothman, Richard B. ED - Staley, Julie K. ED - Cosgrove, Kelly P. ED - Karch, Steven B. ED - Karch, Steven B., (Ed) T1 - Neurochemistry of drug abuse. T2 - Drug abuse handbook, 2nd ed. Y1 - 2007/// SP - 429 EP - 558 CY - Boca Raton, FL, US PB - CRC Press SN - 0-8493-1690-1 SN - 978-0-8493-1690-6 N1 - Accession Number: 2007-04209-006. Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Staley, Julie K.; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, US. Release Date: 20071217. Correction Date: 20151207. Publication Type: Book (0200), Edited Book (0280). Format Covered: Print. Document Type: Chapter. Book Type: Handbook/Manual. ISBN: 0-8493-1690-1, Hardcover; 978-0-8493-1690-6, Hardcover. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Drug Abuse; Drug Dependency; Neurochemistry. Minor Descriptor: Cocaine; Dopamine; Drug Addiction; Methamphetamine; Methylenedioxymethamphetamine; Neurobiology; Nicotine; Tobacco Smoking. Classification: Substance Abuse & Addiction (3233); Psychopharmacology (2580). Population: Human (10). Intended Audience: Psychology: Professional & Research (PS). Page Count: 130. AB - This chapter provides an overview of the neurochemistry of drug abuse. Topics discussed include the following: (1) the dopamine transporter and addiction, (2) neurochemistry of nicotine dependence, (3) neurochemical substrates of habitual tobacco smoking, (4) neurochemical and neurobehavioral consequences of methamphetamine abuse, (5) neurochemical adaptations and cocaine dependence, (6) neuropsychiatric consequences of chronic cocaine abuse, and (7) neurobiology of MDMA (ecstasy). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) KW - neurochemistry KW - drug abuse KW - dopamine transporter KW - addiction KW - nicotine dependence KW - habitual tobacco smoking KW - methamphetamine abuse KW - chronic cocaine dependence & abuse KW - neurobiology KW - MDMA KW - ecstasy KW - 2007 KW - Drug Abuse KW - Drug Dependency KW - Neurochemistry KW - Cocaine KW - Dopamine KW - Drug Addiction KW - Methamphetamine KW - Methylenedioxymethamphetamine KW - Neurobiology KW - Nicotine KW - Tobacco Smoking KW - 2007 U1 - Sponsor: Sponsor name not included. Grant: R01DA015577. Recipients: No recipient indicated U1 - Sponsor: Transdisciplinary Tobacco Research Center. Grant: P50AA15632. Recipients: No recipient indicated U1 - Sponsor: MIRECC. Recipients: No recipient indicated U1 - Sponsor: National Institute of Mental Health, Biological Sciences Training Program. Recipients: No recipient indicated U1 - Sponsor: USPHS, US. Grant: DA06627. Recipients: No recipient indicated U1 - Sponsor: National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, US. Recipients: No recipient indicated UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2007-04209-006&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - psyh ER - TY - GEN AU - Bracken, Marilyn C AU - Weiss, Irvin J T1 - Data base development in a regulatory agency JO - In Martin, Susan K., Comp. Information Politics. Proceedings Of The Asis 39th Annual Meeting. San Francisco, California, October 4 To 9, 1976. Volume 13. Part I: Abstracts Of Papers. Part Ii: Full Papers. 1976. American Society For Information Science, Wa JF - In Martin, Susan K., Comp. Information Politics. Proceedings Of The Asis 39th Annual Meeting. San Francisco, California, October 4 To 9, 1976. Volume 13. Part I: Abstracts Of Papers. Part Ii: Full Papers. 1976. American Society For Information Science, Wa Y1 - 1976/// M3 - Book AB - This paper provides a general discussion of the history and problems associated with the collection of information and development of a data base in a regulatory agency. The paper describes the proceedings of the us consumer product safety commission for obtaining chemical formulation information of specified consumer produts, including: 1) the issuance of a special order to obtain such information, 2) the processing of the data, 3) the required security procedures, and 4) the lawsuit brought by a trade association to obtain a preliminary injuction to prevent the commission from collecting the information. As a result of experienence gained during this data collection activity, guidelines are presented in the paper for other attempting similar efforts. The guidelines address the need for data base managers to be cognizant of statutory authorities with respect to data collection, storage and dissemination of information, and to be knowledgable of other legislation affecting data base management (e.g., the freedom of information acta and the privacy act). In addition, necessary decisions in the product development stage are discussed and procedures and specifications for conducting the kind of data base activity are described. N1 - Accession Number: ISTA1200376; Bracken, Marilyn C 1; Weiss, Irvin J; Affiliations: 1 : Us Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, Maryland; Source Info: 1976; Note: Update Code: 1200; Document Type: Book UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lih&AN=ISTA1200376&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - lih ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Petition Requesting Non-See-Through Packaging for Torch Fuel and Lamp Oil. JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2011/10/17/ VL - 76 IS - 200 M3 - Article SP - 64042 EP - 64043 SN - 00976326 AB - The article provides information on the comment issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) with regards to a petition requesting non-see-through packaging for torch fuel and lamp oil. The notice explains the consideration of the request as a petition governed by the Poison Prevention Packaging Act (PPPA). CPSC is authorize by PPPA to issue requirements on the sale of household substances in child-resistant containers. KW - PACKAGING KW - GOVERNMENT policy KW - STANDARDS KW - PRODUCT safety KW - FUEL KW - POISONS -- Safety measures KW - UNITED States KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 69911230; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission.; Issue Info: 10/17/2011, Vol. 76 Issue 200, p64042; Thesaurus Term: PACKAGING; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT policy; Thesaurus Term: STANDARDS; Thesaurus Term: PRODUCT safety; Subject Term: FUEL; Subject Term: POISONS -- Safety measures; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 541420 Industrial Design Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 561910 Packaging and Labeling Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454310 Fuel Dealers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 454319 Other fuel dealers; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=69911230&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stevenson, Todd A. T1 - Petition for Classification of "BeeSafe System" as an Anti-Entrapment System Under the Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act ("VGB Act"). JO - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) JF - Federal Register (National Archives & Records Service, Office of the Federal Register) Y1 - 2012/04/04/ VL - 77 IS - 65 M3 - Article SP - 20368 EP - 20368 SN - 00976326 AB - The article presents information on a notice issued by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission regarding rule to determine the effectiveness of the BeeSafe System, an anti-entrapment device, in each public pool and spa in the U.S. The notice has been issued in accordance with the Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act. The commission is seeking public comments on this notice by June 4, 2012 via electronic mail or in writings. KW - GOVERNMENT regulation KW - EMAIL KW - PUBLIC opinion KW - DRAINAGE -- Equipment & supplies KW - SWIMMING pools -- Safety measures KW - SWIMMING pools -- Law & legislation KW - HEALTH resorts -- Safety measures KW - UNITED States KW - U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission N1 - Accession Number: 74166513; Stevenson, Todd A. 1; Affiliations: 1: Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; Issue Info: 4/4/2012, Vol. 77 Issue 65, p20368; Thesaurus Term: GOVERNMENT regulation; Thesaurus Term: EMAIL; Thesaurus Term: PUBLIC opinion; Subject Term: DRAINAGE -- Equipment & supplies; Subject Term: SWIMMING pools -- Safety measures; Subject Term: SWIMMING pools -- Law & legislation; Subject Term: HEALTH resorts -- Safety measures; Subject: UNITED States ; Company/Entity: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission; NAICS/Industry Codes: 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 238990 All Other Specialty Trade Contractors; NAICS/Industry Codes: 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; NAICS/Industry Codes: 453999 All other miscellaneous store retailers (except beer and wine-making supplies stores); NAICS/Industry Codes: 713940 Fitness and Recreational Sports Centers; NAICS/Industry Codes: 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721110 Hotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721111 Hotels; NAICS/Industry Codes: 721113 Resorts; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812190 Other personal care services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 812199 Other Personal Care Services; NAICS/Industry Codes: 926110 Administration of General Economic Programs; NAICS/Industry Codes: 922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; Number of Pages: 4/5p; Document Type: Article UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=buh&AN=74166513&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - buh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 106577823 T1 - Suction-type suffocation incidents in infants and toddlers. AU - Nakamura SW AU - Pollack-Nelson C AU - Chidekel AS Y1 - 2003/01/02/2003 Jan Supplement N1 - Accession Number: 106577823. Language: English. Entry Date: 20050211. Revision Date: 20150711. Publication Type: Journal Article; pictorial; research; tables/charts. Supplement Title: 2003 Jan Supplement. Journal Subset: Biomedical; Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Peer Reviewed; USA. NLM UID: 0376422. KW - Airway Obstruction -- Etiology -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Asphyxia -- Etiology -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Play and Playthings -- Adverse Effects -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Suction -- Adverse Effects -- In Infancy and Childhood KW - Airway Obstruction -- Prevention and Control KW - Cause of Death KW - Child, Preschool KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Equipment Design KW - Female KW - Incident Reports KW - Infant KW - Male KW - Retrospective Design KW - Human SP - e12 EP - 6 JO - Pediatrics JF - Pediatrics JA - PEDIATRICS VL - 111 IS - 1 CY - Chicago, Illinois PB - American Academy of Pediatrics AB - OBJECTIVES: To describe the danger of upper airway obstruction associated with semirigid hollow objects in infants and toddlers and to define a minimum frequency with which episodes involving these products have occurred and propose a model defining the potentially hazardous characteristics of these objects. METHODS: A retrospective study of incidents reported to the US Consumer Product Safety Commission from January 1983 to March 2000, involving children younger than 5 years, was conducted. The medical literature (Medline) was searched for similar cases. The resulting case series was analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 17 incidents were identified in which a semirigid, hollow hemispherical/ellipsoidal object was described as having 'cupped' the face, simultaneously covering the nose and the mouth. Of the 17 incidents, 13 involved toys; the remaining 4 incidents involved 2 different consumer products. All of these incidents involved children aged 4 to 36 months. Eight incidents resulted in death; 9 were nonfatal because of parental intervention. In all cases investigated, the infant was found with the semirigid object strongly adhering to his or her face. In 16 incidents, significant physical effort reportedly was required to remove the objects from the child's face. The fatal incidents involved children aged 4 to 24 months, whereas the age range of the children in nonfatal incidents was 7 to 36 months. In all but 1 of the fatal cases, the victim was found dead in a crib or playpen. The cross-sectional diameter of the products involved in suffocation incidents was in the range of 6.4 to 9.7 cm. The depths of the products ranged from 4.2 to 5.1 cm. The approximate volume of containers ranged between 100 and 170 mL. These dimensions are compatible with the range of anthropometric measurements that allow the product to fit snugly over the mouth and the nose of a young child, resulting in complete airway obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Children between the ages of 4 and 36 months are at risk from suffocation by hollow, semirigid hemispherical/ellipsoidal objects through suction formation and complete airway obstruction. Shallow containers with dimensions ranging from approximately 6.0 to 11.0 cm seem to be especially hazardous. Several recommendations may be proposed to lessen the hazard to young children. These include product design changes that limit the amount of contact with the perimeter and reduce the chance of forming a seal between the container and the face and ventilation holes to prevent a seal from forming. Although design change alone may be very helpful in products that are intended for use by children who are younger than 3 years, products that have similar dimensions and are not intended for infants present additional challenges. Thus, a very important additional prevention strategy is education. Pediatricians and other health care providers should alert parents and caregivers to the dangers of leaving such products in an infant's crib or playpen or allowing infants to play with these objects while unattended. SN - 0031-4005 AD - US Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East-West Hwy, 600/HS, Bethesda, MD 20814-4408; snakamura@cpsc.gov U2 - PMID: 12509589. UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rzh&AN=106577823&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - rzh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 2000-00688-002 AN - 2000-00688-002 AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. T1 - Bicycle and bicycle helmet use patterns in the United States in 1998. JF - Journal of Safety Research JO - Journal of Safety Research JA - J Safety Res Y1 - 2000///Fal 2000 VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 149 EP - 158 CY - Netherlands PB - Elsevier Science SN - 0022-4375 N1 - Accession Number: 2000-00688-002. Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Rodgers, Gregory B.; US Consumer Product Safety Commission, US. Release Date: 20001101. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Print. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Safety; Safety Devices. Minor Descriptor: Demographic Characteristics. Classification: Personality Traits & Processes (3120). Population: Human (10); Male (30); Female (40). Location: US. Age Group: Childhood (birth-12 yrs) (100); School Age (6-12 yrs) (180); Adolescence (13-17 yrs) (200); Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300); Thirties (30-39 yrs) (340); Middle Age (40-64 yrs) (360). Methodology: Empirical Study. Page Count: 10. Issue Publication Date: Fal 2000. AB - While national estimates of bicycle-related injuries and deaths are readily available, information about the characteristics and use patterns of bicyclists is not regularly monitored. This article describes the results of a national survey of U. S. bicycle riders conducted in 1998. The survey employed a single-stage list-assisted random digit-dial sample design, and collected information about some of the characteristics and bicycle use patterns of a probability sample of over 1,000 U. S. bicyclists. The results of the survey provide information about: the population of bicyclists; selected characteristics of riders (e.g., age, gender, experience); bicycle use patterns (how much and where bicycles are ridden); helmet usage patterns; and the demographic characteristics of rider households. The results of the survey are evaluated in conjunction with national injury estimates to calculate bicycle-related injury rates. The results are also compared to those of a similar survey conducted in 1991 to evaluate changes in bicycle and helmet use patterns over time. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) KW - bicycle helmet use patterns & demographic characteristics KW - households with -11–55+ yr old riders KW - 2000 KW - Safety KW - Safety Devices KW - Demographic Characteristics KW - 2000 DO - 10.1016/S0022-4375(00)00033-5 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2000-00688-002&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - psyh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 1999-05762-013 AN - 1999-05762-013 AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. T1 - The characteristics and use patterns of all-terrain vehicle drivers in the United States. JF - Accident Analysis and Prevention JO - Accident Analysis and Prevention JA - Accid Anal Prev Y1 - 1999/07// VL - 31 IS - 4 SP - 409 EP - 419 CY - Netherlands PB - Elsevier Science SN - 0001-4575 N1 - Accession Number: 1999-05762-013. PMID: 10384233 Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Rodgers, Gregory B.; US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Directorate for Economic Analysis, Washington, DC, US. Release Date: 19990801. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Print. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Demographic Characteristics; Driving Behavior; Motor Vehicles; Trends. Minor Descriptor: Motor Traffic Accidents. Classification: Transportation (4090). Population: Human (10); Male (30); Female (40). Location: US. Age Group: Adolescence (13-17 yrs) (200); Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300); Young Adulthood (18-29 yrs) (320); Thirties (30-39 yrs) (340); Middle Age (40-64 yrs) (360). Methodology: Empirical Study. Page Count: 11. Issue Publication Date: Jul, 1999. AB - The consent decrees between the US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and the major distributors of all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), which were designed to address ATV-related injuries and deaths, expired in April, 1998. While national estimates of nonfatal and fatal injuries involving ATVs declined after the consent decrees went into effect 10 years ago, the injury estimates have stabilized in recent years. To gain a better understanding of current ATV use patterns, the CPSC sponsored a national probability survey of ATV drivers in the fall of 1997. The survey was designed to collect information about the characteristics and use patterns of ATV drivers (ranging in age from under 15 to over 55 yrs) and to quantify the numbers and types of ATVs in use. The study employed a single stage list-assisted random-digit-dial sample design that resulted in 464 completed interviews. This article describes the results of the survey, including driver and passenger use patterns, use of safety equipment, nonrecreational use, and driver training, and discusses long term ATV usage trends. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) KW - driver characteristics & trends in use patterns & driver behaviors KW - adolescent & adult drivers of all terrain vehicles KW - implications for vehicle related accidents KW - 1999 KW - Demographic Characteristics KW - Driving Behavior KW - Motor Vehicles KW - Trends KW - Motor Traffic Accidents KW - 1999 DO - 10.1016/S0001-4575(98)00080-3 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=1999-05762-013&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - psyh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 1997-42624-001 AN - 1997-42624-001 AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. T1 - Factors associated with the crash risk of adult bicyclists. JF - Journal of Safety Research JO - Journal of Safety Research JA - J Safety Res Y1 - 1997///Win 1997 VL - 28 IS - 4 SP - 233 EP - 241 CY - Netherlands PB - Elsevier Science SN - 0022-4375 N1 - Accession Number: 1997-42624-001. Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Rodgers, Gregory B.; US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC, US. Release Date: 19980401. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Print. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Accident Proneness; Safety; Transportation Accidents; Risk Assessment. Minor Descriptor: Age Differences; Geography; Human Sex Differences; Sports. Classification: Transportation (4090). Population: Human (10); Male (30); Female (40). Location: US. Age Group: Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300); Young Adulthood (18-29 yrs) (320); Thirties (30-39 yrs) (340); Middle Age (40-64 yrs) (360); Aged (65 yrs & older) (380). Methodology: Empirical Study. Page Count: 9. Issue Publication Date: Win 1997. AB - Evaluated the factors associated with the crash risk of adult bicyclists in the US. A logistic regression analysis was used to determine and quantify risk factors, controlling simultaneously for a number of rider characteristics and bicycle use patterns. The analysis was based on data from a national mail survey of 3,248 adult bicyclists, age 18 and older. Information gathered on the characteristics and use patterns of the bicyclists who had crashed or fallen from their bicycles during the preceding year were compared with those had not crashed. Results show that the bicycle crash risk is systematically related to a rider's age, riding distances, riding surface, bicycle type, and geographical region of residence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) KW - rider characteristics & riding surfaces & region & bicycle type & other factors associated with crash risk KW - adult bicyclists KW - 1997 KW - Accident Proneness KW - Safety KW - Transportation Accidents KW - Risk Assessment KW - Age Differences KW - Geography KW - Human Sex Differences KW - Sports KW - 1997 DO - 10.1016/S0022-4375(97)00009-1 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=1997-42624-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - psyh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 1993-39618-001 AN - 1993-39618-001 AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. T1 - All-terrain vehicle injury risks and the effects of regulation. JF - Accident Analysis and Prevention JO - Accident Analysis and Prevention JA - Accid Anal Prev Y1 - 1993/06// VL - 25 IS - 3 SP - 335 EP - 346 CY - Netherlands PB - Elsevier Science SN - 0001-4575 N1 - Accession Number: 1993-39618-001. PMID: 8323667 Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Rodgers, Gregory B.; US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Directorate for Economic Analysis, Washington, DC, US. Release Date: 19931001. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Print. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Government Policy Making; Highway Safety; Injuries; Motor Vehicles; Risk Assessment. Minor Descriptor: Consumer Behavior; Drivers; Driving Behavior. Classification: Transportation (4090); Physical & Somatoform & Psychogenic Disorders (3290). Population: Human (10). Page Count: 12. Issue Publication Date: Jun, 1993. AB - The US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) began investigating all-terrain vehicle (ATV) hazards in 1984. The principal outcome was a legal settlement involving a series of consent decrees between the US Department of Justice and ATV distributors. The consent decrees were designed to improve ATV safety and increase public awareness of risk. This study examines changes in driver and market behavior following the consent decrees. Changes in driver behavior are evaluated by comparing the results of risk analyses conducted in the pre- and postconsent decree time periods; the risk analyses are based on logit probability models estimated from cross-section survey data. Changes in market behavior are evaluated by analyzing the impact of the consent decrees on ATV sales patterns. Results suggest that CPSC actions have had a positive impact in reducing ATV injuries. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) KW - government regulatory consent decrees KW - driver & market behavior & injury risks KW - drivers of all terrain vehicles KW - 1993 KW - Government Policy Making KW - Highway Safety KW - Injuries KW - Motor Vehicles KW - Risk Assessment KW - Consumer Behavior KW - Drivers KW - Driving Behavior KW - 1993 DO - 10.1016/0001-4575(93)90027-T UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=1993-39618-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - psyh ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kuch, T. D. C. T1 - The Sourcebook of Library Technology, A Cumulative Edition of Library Technology Reports, 1965-1975. JO - Journal of the American Society for Information Science JF - Journal of the American Society for Information Science Y1 - 1976/09//Sep-Oct1976 VL - 27 IS - 5/6 M3 - Book Review SP - 351 EP - 351 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. SN - 00028231 AB - Reviews the book "The Sourcebook of Library Technology, A Cumulative Edition of Library Technology Reports, 1965-1975." KW - LIBRARIES KW - NONFICTION KW - SOURCEBOOK of Library Technology, A Cumulative Edition of Library Technology Reports, 1965-1975 (Book) N1 - Accession Number: 16747713; Kuch, T. D. C. 1; Affiliations: 1 : Bureau of Biomedical Science U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Washington, DC 20207.; Source Info: Sep-Oct1976, Vol. 27 Issue 5/6, p351; Thesaurus Term: LIBRARIES; Thesaurus Term: NONFICTION; Number of Pages: 3/4p; Document Type: Book Review UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lih&AN=16747713&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - lih ER - TY - JOUR ID - 1990-17683-001 AN - 1990-17683-001 AU - Rodgers, Gregory B. T1 - The effectiveness of helmets in reducing all-terrain vehicle injuries and deaths. JF - Accident Analysis and Prevention JO - Accident Analysis and Prevention JA - Accid Anal Prev Y1 - 1990/02// VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 47 EP - 58 CY - Netherlands PB - Elsevier Science SN - 0001-4575 N1 - Accession Number: 1990-17683-001. PMID: 2108691 Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Rodgers, Gregory B.; US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC, US. Release Date: 19900701. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Print. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Accident Prevention; Death and Dying; Head Injuries; Safety Devices; Transportation Accidents. Classification: Physical & Somatoform & Psychogenic Disorders (3290); Transportation (4090). Population: Human (10). Page Count: 12. Issue Publication Date: Feb, 1990. AB - Examined the effectiveness of helmets in reducing all-terrain vehicle (ATV) related deaths and head injuries. A logit regression model was used to analyze cross-section data on ATV-related fatal and nonfatal injuries and to determine the factors that were associated with deaths and head injuries. Given an accident resulting in injury or death, helmet use reduces the risk of death by about 42% and could reduce the likelihood that a given nonfatal injury involves the head by about 64%. Other factors that are associated with the risk of fatality for injury accidents include the use of alcohol or drugs, driving on paved roads, the driver's age and sex, and the vehicle's engine size. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) KW - helmet use KW - reduction of all-terrain vehicle related deaths & head injuries KW - 1990 KW - Accident Prevention KW - Death and Dying KW - Head Injuries KW - Safety Devices KW - Transportation Accidents KW - 1990 DO - 10.1016/0001-4575(90)90006-7 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=1990-17683-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - psyh ER - TY - JOUR ID - 1980-05390-001 AN - 1980-05390-001 AU - Johnson, Elizabeth F. T1 - Look at it this way: Some aspects of the drug mix-up problem among Black, poor, aged, and female patients. JF - Journal of the National Medical Association JO - Journal of the National Medical Association JA - J Natl Med Assoc Y1 - 1978/10// VL - 70 IS - 10 SP - 745 EP - 747 CY - US PB - National Medical Assn SN - 0027-9684 SN - 1943-4693 N1 - Accession Number: 1980-05390-001. PMID: 712867 Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Johnson, Elizabeth F.; US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Div of Consumer Education & Awareness, Washington, DC. Other Publishers: Elsevier Science. Release Date: 19800301. Correction Date: 20160502. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Print. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Blacks; Drug Abuse; Drug Usage; Human Females; Poverty. Classification: Drug & Alcohol Usage (Legal) (2990). Population: Human (10); Female (40). Age Group: Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300); Aged (65 yrs & older) (380). Page Count: 3. Issue Publication Date: Oct, 1978. AB - Discusses the current sale boom of over-the-counter pills, especially as it affects Black, poor, aged, and female patients. Such populations are more susceptible than others to loneliness and stress, feelings of failure, sagging egos, and other psychological and emotional difficulties. Relief of these feelings is often found through artificial supports such as over-the-counter drugs. Ignorance of the cumulative impact of mixing medications often leads to habit-forming results and significant side effects. It is suggested that a major step toward prevention of drug abuse is to reach out to patients before their problems drive them to seek relief from over-the-counter medications. A second major step is education about the hazards of mixing medicines without physician supervision. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) KW - increase in over-the-counter drug sales KW - drug abuse KW - Black & poor & aged & female patients KW - 1978 KW - Blacks KW - Drug Abuse KW - Drug Usage KW - Human Females KW - Poverty KW - 1978 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=1980-05390-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - psyh ER - TY - NEWS AU - Langston, Joann T1 - To be aging and well informed. JO - Geriatrics JF - Geriatrics Y1 - 1978/07// VL - 33 IS - 7 M3 - Editorial SP - 18 EP - 23 SN - 0016867X N1 - Accession Number: 17321237; Langston, Joann 1; Source Information: Jul1978, Vol. 33 Issue 7, p18; Number of Pages: 2p; Document Type: Editorial; Full Text Word Count: 992 UR - https://auth.lib.unc.edu/ezproxy_auth.php?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=17321237&site=ehost-live&scope=site DP - EBSCOhost DB - hch ER -