TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure, Postexposure, and Density-Mediated Effects of Atrazine on Amphibians: Breaking Down Net Effects into Their Parts AN - 743574618; 201004-31-0296927 (CE); 12085810 (EN) AB - Most toxicology studies focus on effects of contaminants during exposure. This is disconcerting because subsequent survival may be affected. For instance, contaminant-induced mortality can be later ameliorated by reduced competition among the survivors, a concept we refer to as "density-mediated compensation." Alternatively, it can be exacerbated by toxicant effects that persist or appear after exposure, a phenomenon we term "carryover effects." We developed a laboratory framework for testing the contribution of exposure, density-mediated, and carryover effects to net survival, by exposing embryos and larvae of the streamside salamander (Ambystoma barbouri) to atrazine (0, 4, 40, 400 ppb; 3 ppb is the U.S. drinking water maximum) and quantifying survival during and 14 months after exposure. Atrazine is the most commonly used herbicide in the United States and a documented endocrine disruptor. We show that atrazine-induced mortality during exposure was ameliorated by density-dependent survival after exposure, but complete density-mediated compensation was precluded by significant carryover effects of atrazine. Consequently, salamanders exposed to or=4 ppb of atrazine had significantly lower survival than did control animals 14 months postexposure. The greatest change in survival occurred at low exposure concentrations. These nonlinear, long-term, postexposure effects of atrazine have similarities to effects of early development exposure to other endocrine disruptors. Together with evidence of low levels of atrazine impairing amphibian gonadal development, the results here raise concerns about the role of atrazine in amphibian declines and highlight the importance of considering persistent, postexposure effects when evaluating the impact of xenobiotics on environmental health. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rohr, Jason R AU - Sager, Tyler AU - Sesterhenn, Timothy M AU - Palmer, Brent D PY - 2006 SP - 46 EP - 50 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Atrazine KW - Survival KW - Health KW - Contaminants KW - Mortality KW - Endocrine disruptors KW - Exposure KW - Compensation KW - Embryos KW - Larvae KW - Drinking water KW - Nonlinearity KW - Low level KW - Herbicides KW - Breaking down KW - Copyrights KW - Animals KW - Competition KW - Toxicology KW - Article KW - EE 50:Water & Wastewater Treatment (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743574618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure%2C+Postexposure%2C+and+Density-Mediated+Effects+of+Atrazine+on+Amphibians%3A+Breaking+Down+Net+Effects+into+Their+Parts&rft.au=Rohr%2C+Jason+R%3BSager%2C+Tyler%3BSesterhenn%2C+Timothy+M%3BPalmer%2C+Brent+D&rft.aulast=Rohr&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water Manganese Exposure and Children's Intellectual Function in Araihazar, Bangladesh AN - 743571949; 201004-31-0296920 (CE); 12085803 (EN) AB - Exposure to manganese via inhalation has long been known to elicit neurotoxicity in adults, but little is known about possible consequences of exposure via drinking water. In this study, we report results of a cross-sectional investigation of intellectual function in 142 10-year-old children in Araihazar, Bangladesh, who had been consuming tube-well water with an average concentration of 793 microg Mn/L and 3 microg arsenic/L. Children and mothers came to our field clinic, where children received a medical examination in which weight, height, and head circumference were measured. Children's intellectual function was assessed on tests drawn from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, version III, by summing weighted items across domains to create Verbal, Performance, and Full-Scale raw scores. Children provided urine specimens for measuring urinary As and creatinine and were asked to provide blood samples for measuring blood lead, As, Mn, and hemoglobin concentrations. After adjustment for sociodemographic covariates, water Mn was associated with reduced Full-Scale, Performance, and Verbal raw scores, in a dose-response fashion; the low level of As in water had no effect. In the United States, roughly 6% of domestic household wells have Mn concentrations that exceed 300 microg Mn/L, the current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency lifetime health advisory level. We conclude that in both Bangladesh and the United States, some children are at risk for Mn-induced neurotoxicity. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wasserman, Gail A AU - Liu, Xinhua AU - Parvez, Faruque AU - Ahsan, Habibul PY - 2006 SP - 124 EP - 129 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Children KW - Manganese KW - Drinking water KW - Health KW - Raw KW - Blood KW - Intelligence KW - Risk KW - Hemoglobin KW - Medical KW - Adults KW - Households KW - Low level KW - Circumferences KW - Copyrights KW - Creatinine KW - Wells KW - Arsenic KW - Urine KW - Article KW - EE 50:Water & Wastewater Treatment (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743571949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Water+Manganese+Exposure+and+Children%27s+Intellectual+Function+in+Araihazar%2C+Bangladesh&rft.au=Wasserman%2C+Gail+A%3BLiu%2C+Xinhua%3BParvez%2C+Faruque%3BAhsan%2C+Habibul&rft.aulast=Wasserman&rft.aufirst=Gail&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validity of Anogenital Distance as a Marker of in Utero Phthalate Exposure/Anogenital Distance and Phthalate Exposure: Swan et al. Respond AN - 743548200; 201004-31-0296945 (CE); 12085828 (EN) AB - Correspondence on Validity of Anogenital Distance as a Marker of in Utero Phthalate Exposure and Authors' Response. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - McEwen, Gerald N, Jr AU - Renner, Gerald AU - Swan, Shanna H AU - Main, Katharina PY - 2006 SP - A19 EP - A11 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Phthalates KW - Health KW - Markers KW - Copyrights KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743548200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Validity+of+Anogenital+Distance+as+a+Marker+of+in+Utero+Phthalate+Exposure%2FAnogenital+Distance+and+Phthalate+Exposure%3A+Swan+et+al.+Respond&rft.au=McEwen%2C+Gerald+N%2C+Jr%3BRenner%2C+Gerald%3BSwan%2C+Shanna+H%3BMain%2C+Katharina&rft.aulast=McEwen&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence of Spatially Extensive Resistance to PCBs in an Anadromous Fish of the Hudson River AN - 743546571; 201004-31-0296935 (CE); 12085818 (EN) AB - Populations of organisms that are chronically exposed to high levels of chemical contaminants may not suffer the same sublethal or lethal effects as naive populations, a phenomenon called resistance. Atlantic tomcod (Microgadus tomcod) from the Hudson River, New York, are exposed to high concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and bioaccumulate polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). They have developed resistance to PCBs and PCDDs but not to PAHs. Resistance is largely heritable and manifests at early-life-stage toxic end points and in inducibility of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) mRNA expression. Because CYP1A induction is activated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway, as are most toxic responses to these compounds, we sought to determine the geographic extent of resistance to CYP1A mRNA induction by PCBs in the Hudson River tomcod population. Samples of young-of-the-year tomcod were collected from seven locales in the Hudson River, extending from the Battery at river mile 1 (RM 1) to RM 90, and from the Miramichi River, New Brunswick, Canada. Laboratory-reared offspring of tomcod adults from Newark Bay, in the western portion of the Hudson River estuary, were also used in this study. Fish were partially depurated in clean water and intraperitoneally injected with 10 ppm coplanar PCB-77, 10 ppm benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), or corn oil vehicle, and levels of CYP1A mRNA were determined. CYP1A was significantly inducible by treatment with BaP in tomcod from the Miramichi River, from laboratory-spawned offspring of Newark Bay origin, and from all Hudson River sites spanning 90 miles of river. In contrast, only tomcod from the Miramichi River displayed significantly induced CYP1A mRNA expression when treated with PCB-77. Our results suggest that the population of tomcod from throughout the Hudson River estuary has developed resistance to CYP1A inducibility and probably other toxicities mediated by the AHR pathway. Tomcod from the Hudson River may represent the most geographically expansive population of vertebrates with resistance to chemical pollutants that has been characterized. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Yuan, Zhanpeng AU - Courtenay, Simon AU - Chambers, R Christopher AU - Wirgin, Isaac PY - 2006 SP - 77 EP - 84 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Rivers KW - Populations KW - Polyallylamine hydrochloride KW - Toxic KW - Health KW - Fish KW - Pathways KW - Exposure KW - Toxicology KW - Battery KW - Toxicity KW - Adults KW - Contaminants KW - Expansion KW - Corn oil KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Cleaning KW - Cytochromes KW - Organisms KW - Article KW - EE 40:Water Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743546571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+Spatially+Extensive+Resistance+to+PCBs+in+an+Anadromous+Fish+of+the+Hudson+River&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Zhanpeng%3BCourtenay%2C+Simon%3BChambers%2C+R+Christopher%3BWirgin%2C+Isaac&rft.aulast=Yuan&rft.aufirst=Zhanpeng&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Estrogenic Effect of Bisphenol A Disrupts Pancreatic [beta]-Cell Function In Vivo and Induces Insulin Resistance AN - 743523837; 201004-31-0296918 (CE); 12085801 (EN) AB - The function of the pancreatic beta-cell is the storage and release of insulin, the main hormone involved in blood glucose homeostasis. The results in this article show that the widespread environmental contaminant bisphenol-A (BPA) imitates 17beta-estradiol (E2) effects in vivo on blood glucose homeostasis through genomic and nongenomic pathways. The exposure of adult mice to a single low dose (10 microg/kg) of either E2 or BPA induces a rapid decrease in glycemia that correlates with a rise of plasma insulin. Longer exposures to E2 and BPA induce an increase in pancreatic beta-cell insulin content in an estrogen-receptor-dependent manner. This effect is visible after 2 days of treatment and starting at doses as low as 10 microg/kg/day. After 4 days of treatment with either E2 or BPA, these mice developed chronic hyperinsulinemia, and their glucose and insulin tolerance tests were altered. These experiments unveil the link between environmental estrogens and insulin resistance. Therefore, either abnormal levels of endogenous estrogens or environmental estrogen exposure enhances the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Alonso-Magdalena, Paloma AU - Morimoto, Sumiko AU - Ripoll, Cristina AU - Fuentes, Esther AU - Nadal, Angel PY - 2006 SP - 106 EP - 112 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Insulin KW - Estrogens KW - Glucose KW - Mice KW - Surgical implants KW - Homeostasis KW - Biomedical materials KW - Health KW - In vivo tests KW - In vivo testing KW - Biocompatibility KW - Blood KW - Bisphenol A KW - Rapids KW - Risk KW - Adults KW - Contaminants KW - Correlation KW - Links KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743523837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Estrogenic+Effect+of+Bisphenol+A+Disrupts+Pancreatic+%5Bbeta%5D-Cell+Function+In+Vivo+and+Induces+Insulin+Resistance&rft.au=Alonso-Magdalena%2C+Paloma%3BMorimoto%2C+Sumiko%3BRipoll%2C+Cristina%3BFuentes%2C+Esther%3BNadal%2C+Angel&rft.aulast=Alonso-Magdalena&rft.aufirst=Paloma&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Human Population: Accepting Species Limits AN - 743505277; 201004-31-0296948 (CE); 12085831 (EN) AB - Correspondence on The Human Population: Accepting Species Limits. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Salmony, Steven Earl PY - 2006 SP - A17 EP - A18 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Human KW - Health KW - Copyrights KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743505277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Human+Population%3A+Accepting+Species+Limits&rft.au=Salmony%2C+Steven+Earl&rft.aulast=Salmony&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estrogen-Like Properties of Fluorotelomer Alcohols as Revealed by MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation AN - 743481546; 201004-31-0296922 (CE); 12085805 (EN) AB - We investigated estrogen-like properties of five perfluorinated compounds using a combination of three in vitro assays. By means of an E-screen assay, we detected the proliferation-promoting capacity of the fluorotelomer alcohols 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctan-1-ol (6:2 FTOH) and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluoro-decan-1-ol (8:2 FTOH). The more widely environmentally distributed compounds perfluoro-1-octane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoic acid, and perfluorononanoic acid did not seem to possess this hormone-dependent proliferation capacity. We investigated cell cycle dynamics using flow cytometric analyses of the DNA content of the nuclei of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Exposure to both fluorotelomer alcohols stimulated resting MCF-7 cells to reenter the synthesis phase (S-phase) of the cell cycle. After only 24 hr of treatment, we observed significant increases in the percentage of cells in the S-phase. In order to further investigate the resemblance of the newly detected xenoestrogens to the reference compound 17beta-estradiol (E2), gene expression of a number of estrogen-responsive genes was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. With E2, as well as 4-nonylphenol and the fluorotelomer alcohols, we observed up-regulation of trefoil factor 1, progesterone receptor, and PDZK1 and down-regulation of ERBB2 gene expression. We observed small but relevant up-regulation of the estrogen receptor as a consequence of exposures to 6:2 FTOH or 8:2 FTOH. The latter finding suggests an alternative mode of action of the fluorotelomer alcohols compared with that of E2. This study clearly underlines the need for future in vivo testing for specific endocrine-related end points. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Maras, Marleen AU - Vanparys, Caroline AU - Muylle, Frederik AU - Robbens, Johan PY - 2006 SP - 100 EP - 105 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Alcohols KW - Breast KW - Gene expression KW - Health KW - Receptors KW - Cancer KW - Assaying KW - Sulfonates KW - Surgical implants KW - In vitro testing KW - Estrogens KW - Biomedical materials KW - Dynamic tests KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Dynamics KW - In vivo testing KW - Synthesis KW - Genes KW - Copyrights KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743481546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Estrogen-Like+Properties+of+Fluorotelomer+Alcohols+as+Revealed+by+MCF-7+Breast+Cancer+Cell+Proliferation&rft.au=Maras%2C+Marleen%3BVanparys%2C+Caroline%3BMuylle%2C+Frederik%3BRobbens%2C+Johan&rft.aulast=Maras&rft.aufirst=Marleen&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Serum Cadmium Levels in Pancreatic Cancer Patients from the East Nile Delta Region of Egypt AN - 743470425; 201004-31-0296921 (CE); 12085804 (EN) AB - The northeast Nile Delta region exhibits a high incidence of early-onset pancreatic cancer. It is well documented that this region has one of the highest levels of pollution in Egypt. Epidemiologic studies have suggested that cadmium, a prevalent pollutant in the northeast Nile Delta region, plays a role in the development of pancreatic cancer. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess serum cadmium levels as markers of exposure in pancreatic cancer patients and noncancer comparison subjects from the same region in Egypt. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: We assessed serum cadmium levels of 31 newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer patients and 52 hospital comparison subjects from Mansoura, Egypt. EVALUATION/MEASUREMENTS: Serum cadmium levels were measured using a novel immunoassay procedure. RESULTS: We found a significant difference between the mean serum cadmium levels in patients versus comparison subjects (mean+/-SD, 11.1+/-7.7 ng/mL vs. 7.1+/-5.0 ng/mL, respectively; p=0.012) but not in age, sex, residence, occupation, or smoking status. The odds ratio (OR) for pancreatic cancer risk was significant for serum cadmium level [OR=1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04-1.23; p=0.0089] and farming (OR=3.25; 95% CI, 1.03-11.64; p=0.0475) but not for age, sex, residence, or smoking status. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this pilot study suggest that pancreatic cancer in the East Nile Delta region is significantly associated with high levels of serum cadmium and farming. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE/PUBLIC HEALTH: Future studies should further investigate the etiologic relationship between cadmium exposure and pancreatic carcinogenesis in cadmium-exposed populations. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kriegel, Alison M AU - Soliman, Amr S AU - Zhang, Qing AU - El-Ghawalby, Nabih PY - 2006 SP - 113 EP - 119 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Cadmium KW - Cancer KW - Serums KW - Patients KW - Deltas KW - Health KW - Farming KW - Sex KW - Smoking KW - Northeast KW - Age KW - Carcinogens KW - Risk KW - Occupation KW - Epidemiology KW - Populations KW - Markers KW - Hospitals KW - Confidence intervals KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743470425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Serum+Cadmium+Levels+in+Pancreatic+Cancer+Patients+from+the+East+Nile+Delta+Region+of+Egypt&rft.au=Kriegel%2C+Alison+M%3BSoliman%2C+Amr+S%3BZhang%2C+Qing%3BEl-Ghawalby%2C+Nabih&rft.aulast=Kriegel&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources of Blood Lead in Children/Blood Lead in Children: Laidlaw et al. Respond AN - 743468452; 201004-31-0296946 (CE); 12085829 (EN) AB - Correspondence on Sources of Blood Lead in Children and Authors' Response. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Brown, Mary Jean AU - Jacobs, David E AU - Laidlaw, Mark A S AU - Mielke, Howard W PY - 2006 SP - A18 EP - 9; author reply A19 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Blood KW - Children KW - Health KW - Copyrights KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743468452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Sources+of+Blood+Lead+in+Children%2FBlood+Lead+in+Children%3A+Laidlaw+et+al.+Respond&rft.au=Brown%2C+Mary+Jean%3BJacobs%2C+David+E%3BLaidlaw%2C+Mark+A+S%3BMielke%2C+Howard+W&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of the Land Snail Helix aspersa as Sentinel Organism for Monitoring Ecotoxicologic Effects of Urban Pollution: An Integrated Approach AN - 743444261; 201004-31-0296938 (CE); 12085821 (EN) AB - Atmospheric pollution from vehicular traffic is a matter of growing interest, often leading to temporary restrictions in urban areas. Although guidelines indicate limits for several parameters, the real toxicologic impacts remain largely unexplored in field conditions. In this study our aim was to validate an ecotoxicologic approach to evaluate both bioaccumulation and toxicologic effects caused by airborne pollutants. Specimens of the land snail Helix aspersa were caged in five sites in the urban area of Ancona, Italy. After 4 weeks, trace metals (cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead, and zinc) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured and these data integrated with the analyses of molecular and biochemical responses. Such biomarkers reflected the induction of detoxification pathways or the onset of cellular toxicity caused by pollutants. Biomarkers that correlated with contaminant accumulation included levels of metallothioneins, activity of biotransformation enzymes (ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase, ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase), and peroxisomal proliferation. More general responses were investigated as oxidative stress variations, including efficiency of antioxidant defenses (catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferases, glutathione peroxidases, and total glutathione) and total oxyradical scavenging capacity toward peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals, onset of cellular damages (i.e., lysosomal destabilization), and loss of DNA integrity. Results revealed a marked accumulation of metals and PAHs in digestive tissues of organisms maintained in more traffic-congested sites. The contemporary appearance of several alterations confirmed the cellular reactivity of these chemicals with toxicologic effects of potential concern for human health. The overall results of this exploratory study suggest the utility of H. aspersa as a sentinel organism for biomonitoring the biologic impact of atmospheric pollution in urban areas. Key words: atmospheric pollutants, bioindicators, biomarkers, DNA integrity, lysosomes, metallothioneins, oxidative stress, peroxisomes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, trace metals. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Regoli, Francesco AU - Gorbi, Stefania AU - Fattorini, Daniele AU - Tedesco, Sara PY - 2006 SP - 63 EP - 69 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Glutathione KW - Pollutants KW - Cellular KW - Urban areas KW - Organisms KW - Health KW - Biological effects KW - Land KW - Air pollution KW - Integrity KW - Polyallylamine hydrochloride KW - Stresses KW - Deoxyribonucleic acid KW - Zinc KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Trace metals KW - Snails KW - Destabilization KW - Copper KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743444261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Use+of+the+Land+Snail+Helix+aspersa+as+Sentinel+Organism+for+Monitoring+Ecotoxicologic+Effects+of+Urban+Pollution%3A+An+Integrated+Approach&rft.au=Regoli%2C+Francesco%3BGorbi%2C+Stefania%3BFattorini%2C+Daniele%3BTedesco%2C+Sara&rft.aulast=Regoli&rft.aufirst=Francesco&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive Disruption in Wild Longear Sunfish (Lepomis megalotis) Exposed to Kraft Mill Effluent AN - 743430886; 201004-31-0296939 (CE); 12085822 (EN) AB - Worldwide, wild fish living in rivers receiving municipal and industrial discharges may experience endocrine disruption as a result of exposure to anthropogenic pollutants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hormonal status of wild fish in a U.S. river receiving unbleached kraft and recycled pulp mill effluent (Pearl River at Bogalusa, LA). We evaluated two alternative hypotheses: the effluent contained constituents that suppressed male and female reproduction, or it contained an androgenic substance that masculinized females. To evaluate the likelihood of fish exposure to effluent, we marked 697 longear sunfish (Lepomis megalotis) over a 2-year period; 83% of recaptured fish were found at the site of initial capture, and only one fish migrated from an effluent-receiving site to a reference site. We can reasonably assume that fish captured from an effluent-receiving site are residents, not transitory migrants. To diagnose endocrine disruption, we measured sex steroid hormone [17beta-estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), and 11-ketotestosterone (11KT)] and vitellogenin (VTG) concentrations in male and female longear sunfish captured at two sites upstream and two sites downstream of the effluent outfall. Kraft pulp mill effluent did not affect male reproductive physiology but did suppress female T and VTG levels when effluent constitutedor=1% of river flow. Masculinization was not observed. Longear sunfish in the Pearl River experience moderate reproductive suppression in response to unbleached kraft and recycled pulp mill effluent. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Fentress, Jennifer A AU - Steele, Stacy L AU - Bart, Henry L, Jr AU - Cheek, Ann Oliver PY - 2006 SP - 40 EP - 45 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Effluents KW - Fish KW - Mills KW - Rivers KW - Females KW - Males KW - Disruption KW - Receiving KW - Health KW - Recycled KW - Reproduction KW - Physiology KW - Constituents KW - Hormones KW - Upstream KW - Testosterone KW - Copyrights KW - Kraft pulp KW - Sex KW - Article KW - EE 50:Water & Wastewater Treatment (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743430886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Reproductive+Disruption+in+Wild+Longear+Sunfish+%28Lepomis+megalotis%29+Exposed+to+Kraft+Mill+Effluent&rft.au=Fentress%2C+Jennifer+A%3BSteele%2C+Stacy+L%3BBart%2C+Henry+L%2C+Jr%3BCheek%2C+Ann+Oliver&rft.aulast=Fentress&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapidly Measured Indicators of Recreational Water Quality Are Predictive of Swimming-Associated Gastrointestinal Illness AN - 743421271; 201004-31-0296932 (CE); 12085815 (EN) AB - Standard methods to measure recreational water quality require at least 24 hr to obtain results, making it impossible to assess the quality of water within a single day. Methods to measure recreational water quality in or=2 hr have been developed. Application of rapid methods could give considerably more accurate and timely assessments of recreational water quality. We conducted a prospective study of beachgoers at two Great Lakes beaches to examine the association between recreational water quality, obtained using rapid methods, and gastrointestinal (GI) illness after swimming. Beachgoers were asked about swimming and other beach activities and 10-12 days later were asked about the occurrence of GI symptoms. We tested water samples for Enterococcus and Bacteroides species using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. We observed significant trends between increased GI illness and Enterococcus at the Lake Michigan beach and a positive trend for Enterococcus at the Lake Erie beach. The association remained significant for Enterococcus when the two beaches were combined. We observed a positive trend for Bacteroides at the Lake Erie beach, but no trend was observed at the Lake Michigan beach. Enterococcus samples collected at 0800 hr were predictive of GI illness that day. The association between Enterococcus and illness strengthened as time spent swimming in the water increased. This is the first study to show that water quality measured by rapid methods can predict swimming-associated health effects. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wade, Timothy J AU - Calderon, Rebecca L AU - Sams, Elizabeth AU - Beach, Michael PY - 2006 SP - 24 EP - 28 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Beaches KW - Recreational waters KW - Illnesses KW - Trends KW - Rapids KW - Health KW - Swimming KW - Lake Erie KW - Lake Michigan KW - Lakes KW - Copyrights KW - Assessments KW - Standards KW - Indicators KW - Water quality KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Article KW - EE 40:Water Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743421271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Connected+Separateness+or+Separate+Connection%3A+The+Integration+of+Primary+Care+and+Behavioral+Health&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+Nancy+J&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent Applications of DNA Microarray Technology to Toxicology and Ecotoxicology AN - 743417371; 201004-31-0296943 (CE); 12085826 (EN) AB - Gene expression is a unique way of characterizing how cells and organisms adapt to changes in the external environment. The measurements of gene expression levels upon exposure to a chemical can be used both to provide information about the mechanism of action of the toxicant and to form a sort of "genetic signature" for the identification of toxic products. The development of high-quality, commercially available gene arrays has allowed this technology to become a standard tool in molecular toxicology. Several national and international initiatives have provided the proof-of-principle tests for the application of gene expression for the study of the toxicity of new and existing chemical compounds. In the last few years the field has progressed from evaluating the potential of the technology to illustrating the practical use of gene expression profiling in toxicology. The application of gene expression profiling to ecotoxicology is at an earlier stage, mainly because of the the many variables involved in analyzing the status of natural populations. Nevertheless, significant studies have been carried out on the response to environmental stressors both in model and in nonmodel organisms. It can be easily predicted that the development of stressor-specific signatures in gene expression profiling in ecotoxicology will have a major impact on the ecotoxicology field in the near future. International collaborations could play an important role in accelerating the application of genomic approaches in ecotoxicology. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lettieri, Teresa PY - 2006 SP - 4 EP - 9 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Gene expression KW - Mathematical models KW - Toxicology KW - Profiling KW - Organisms KW - Health KW - Arrays KW - Chemical compounds KW - Toxicity KW - Copyrights KW - Genes KW - Tools KW - Standards KW - Signatures KW - Deoxyribonucleic acid KW - Populations KW - Toxic KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743417371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Recent+Applications+of+DNA+Microarray+Technology+to+Toxicology+and+Ecotoxicology&rft.au=Lettieri%2C+Teresa&rft.aulast=Lettieri&rft.aufirst=Teresa&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence and Implementation of IAQ Programs in U.S. Schools AN - 743394037; 201004-31-0296928 (CE); 12085811 (EN) AB - In this study, we determined the extent to which U.S. schools are implementing indoor air quality (IAQ) programs. We administered a questionnaire on IAQ programs and practices to a representative sample of schools. Participants were asked to provide information on the use, administration, implementation, challenges, and benefits of the IAQ program in their school. We developed an IAQ Practice Index to determine the level of activity directed toward IAQ in schools. The index was computed based on responses to specific survey questions and was normalized to a range of 0 to 100. Each question was weighted qualitatively according to its contribution to strong IAQ management practices. Forty-two percent of schools in the United States have an IAQ management program, and there has been sustained growth from 1998 through 2002 in the number of schools that have such programs. Nearly half of those schools use the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's IAQ Tools for Schools program. The IAQ Practice Index scores varied widely for schools with an IAQ management program, suggesting that having a program is not equivalent to implementing effective IAQ policies and procedures. Respondents indicated that their IAQ programs led to improved workplace satisfaction, fewer asthma attacks, fewer visits to the school nurse, and lower absenteeism. When actively supported by the school administration, an IAQ program appears to be a valuable factor in improving the learning environment for U.S. schoolchildren. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Moglia, Dena AU - Smith, Alisa AU - MacIntosh, David L AU - Somers, Jennifer L PY - 2006 SP - 141 EP - 146 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Management KW - Health KW - Equivalence KW - Copyrights KW - Learning KW - Workplaces KW - Computer programs KW - Indoor KW - Air quality KW - Macintosh personal computers KW - Policies KW - Computation KW - Nurses KW - Absenteeism KW - Asthma KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743394037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Prevalence+and+Implementation+of+IAQ+Programs+in+U.S.+Schools&rft.au=Moglia%2C+Dena%3BSmith%2C+Alisa%3BMacIntosh%2C+David+L%3BSomers%2C+Jennifer+L&rft.aulast=Moglia&rft.aufirst=Dena&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perinatal Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Rhesus Monkeys: Critical Periods and Regional Selectivity for Effects on Brain Cell Development and Lipid Peroxidation AN - 743390730; 201004-31-0296929 (CE); 12085812 (EN) AB - Perinatal environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in humans elicits neurobehavioral deficits. We exposed rhesus monkeys to ETS during gestation and through 13 months postnatally, or postnatally only (6-13 months). At the conclusion of exposure, we examined cerebrocortical regions and the midbrain for cell damage markers and lipid peroxidation. For perinatal ETS, two archetypal patterns were seen in the various regions, one characterized by cell loss (reduced DNA concentration) and corresponding increases in cell size (increased protein/DNA ratio), and a second pattern suggesting replacement of larger neuronal cells with smaller and more numerous glia (increased DNA concentration, decreased protein/DNA ratio). The membrane/total protein ratio, a biomarker of neurite formation, also indicated potential damage to neuronal projections, accompanied by reactive sprouting. When ETS exposure was restricted to the postnatal period, the effects were similar in regional selectivity, direction, and magnitude. These patterns resemble the effects of prenatal nicotine exposure in rodent and primate models. Surprisingly, perinatal ETS exposure reduced the level of lipid peroxidation as assessed by the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive species, whereas postnatal ETS did not. The heart, a tissue that, like the brain, has high oxygen demand, displayed a similar but earlier decrease (2-3 months) in lipid peroxidation in the perinatal exposure model, whereas values were reduced at 13 months with the postnatal exposure paradigm. Our results provide a mechanistic connection between perinatal ETS exposure and neurobehavioral anomalies, reinforce the role of nicotine in these effects, and buttress the importance of restricting or eliminating ETS exposure in young children. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Slotkin, Theodore A AU - Pinkerton, Kent E AU - Seidler, Frederic J PY - 2006 SP - 34 EP - 39 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Lipids KW - Deoxyribonucleic acid KW - Proteins KW - Gestation KW - Monkeys KW - Smoke KW - Damage KW - Health KW - Selectivity KW - Tobacco KW - Brain KW - Nicotine KW - Regional KW - Oxygen demand KW - Buttresses KW - Children KW - Primates KW - Projection KW - Markers KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743390730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Perinatal+Environmental+Tobacco+Smoke+Exposure+in+Rhesus+Monkeys%3A+Critical+Periods+and+Regional+Selectivity+for+Effects+on+Brain+Cell+Development+and+Lipid+Peroxidation&rft.au=Slotkin%2C+Theodore+A%3BPinkerton%2C+Kent+E%3BSeidler%2C+Frederic+J&rft.aulast=Slotkin&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Health and Hurricane Katrina AN - 743356889; 201004-31-0296950 (CE); 12085833 (EN) AB - Hurricane Katrina caused enormous physical destruction, environmental degradation, and human misery (Travis 2005). Full remediation will take years, and many decisions that are fundamental to the restoration and rejuvenation of the Gulf Coast are yet to be made. The challenges for New Orleans, Louisiana, are particularly complex. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Falk, Henry AU - Baldwin, Grant PY - 2006 SP - A12 EP - A13 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Health KW - Hurricanes KW - Copyrights KW - Gulfs KW - Coastal environments KW - Remediation KW - Human KW - Restoration KW - Decisions KW - Destruction KW - Degradation KW - Grants KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743356889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Health+and+Hurricane+Katrina&rft.au=Falk%2C+Henry%3BBaldwin%2C+Grant&rft.aulast=Falk&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Genomics: An Opportunity for the NIEHS AN - 743356862; 201004-31-0296949 (CE); 12085832 (EN) AB - As I continue to consider new research opportunities for the NIEHS, my desire to support research in environmental genomics grows. While the accomplishments and available tools in genetics and genomics certainly enhance my enthusiasm for this field of research, my attraction to environmental genomics stems from my belief that environmental exposures can be used to understand the role of transcriptional regulation and genetic variation in the development and progression of common yet complex human diseases. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Schwartz, David A PY - 2006 SP - A14 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Genetics KW - Health KW - Control KW - Copyrights KW - Progressions KW - Attraction KW - Human KW - Stems KW - Diseases KW - Exposure KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743356862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Genomics%3A+An+Opportunity+for+the+NIEHS&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhalation of Ultrafine Particles Alters Blood Leukocyte Expression of Adhesion Molecules in Humans AN - 743326597; 201004-31-0296937 (CE); 12085820 (EN) AB - Ultrafine particles (UFPs; aerodynamic diameter 100 nm) may contribute to the respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with particulate air pollution. We tested the hypothesis that inhalation of carbon UFPs has vascular effects in healthy and asthmatic subjects, detectable as alterations in blood leukocyte expression of adhesion molecules. Healthy subjects inhaled filtered air and freshly generated elemental carbon particles (count median diameter approximately 25nm, geometric standard deviation approximately 1.6), for 2 hr, in three separate protocols: 10 microg/m3 at rest, 10 and 25 microg/m3 with exercise, and 50 microg/m3 with exercise. In a fourth protocol, subjects with asthma inhaled air and 10 microg/m3 UFPs with exercise. Peripheral venous blood was obtained before and at intervals after exposure, and leukocyte expression of surface markers was quantitated using multiparameter flow cytometry. In healthy subjects, particle exposure with exercise reduced expression of adhesion molecules CD54 and CD18 on monocytes and CD18 and CD49d on granulocytes. There were also concentration-related reductions in blood monocytes, basophils, and eosinophils and increased lymphocyte expression of the activation marker CD25. In subjects with asthma, exposure with exercise to 10 microg/m3 UFPs reduced expression of CD11b on monocytes and eosinophils and CD54 on granulocytes. Particle exposure also reduced the percentage of CD4+ T cells, basophils, and eosinophils. Inhalation of elemental carbon UFPs alters peripheral blood leukocyte distribution and expression of adhesion molecules, in a pattern consistent with increased retention of leukocytes in the pulmonary vascular bed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Frampton, Mark W AU - Stewart, Judith C AU - Oberdoerster, Guenter AU - Morrow, Paul E PY - 2006 SP - 51 EP - 58 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Leukocytes KW - Blood KW - Carbon KW - Adhesion KW - Eosinophils KW - Inhalation KW - Asthma KW - Markers KW - Health KW - Ultrafines KW - Activation KW - Flow cytometry KW - Air pollution KW - Reduction KW - Standard deviation KW - Intervals KW - Mortality KW - Adhesion tests KW - Surface chemistry KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743326597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Inhalation+of+Ultrafine+Particles+Alters+Blood+Leukocyte+Expression+of+Adhesion+Molecules+in+Humans&rft.au=Frampton%2C+Mark+W%3BStewart%2C+Judith+C%3BOberdoerster%2C+Guenter%3BMorrow%2C+Paul+E&rft.aulast=Frampton&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased Risk of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Episodes Associated with Acute Increases in Ambient Air Pollution AN - 743316802; 201004-31-0296931 (CE); 12085814 (EN) AB - OBJECTIVES: We reported previously that 24-hr moving average ambient air pollution concentrations were positively associated with ventricular arrhythmias detected by implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). ICDs also detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episodes (PAF) that result in rapid ventricular rates. In this same cohort of ICD patients, we assessed the association between ambient air pollution and episodes of PAF. DESIGN: We performed a case-crossover study. PARTICIPANTS: Patients who lived in the Boston, Massachusetts, metropolitan area and who had ICDs implanted between June 1995 and December 1999 (n=203) were followed until July 2002. EVALUATIONS/MEASUREMENTS: We used conditional logistic regression to explore the association between community air pollution and 91 electrophysiologist-confirmed episodes of PAF among 29 subjects. RESULTS: We found a statistically significant positive association between episodes of PAF and increased ozone concentration (22 ppb) in the hour before the arrhythmia (odds ratio=2.08; 95% confidence interval=1.22, 3.54; p=0.001). The risk estimate for a longer (24-hr) moving average was smaller, thus suggesting an immediate effect. Positive but not statistically significant risks were associated with fine particles, nitrogen dioxide, and black carbon. CONCLUSIONS: Increased ambient O3 pollution was associated with increased risk of episodes of rapid ventricular response due to PAF, thereby suggesting that community air pollution may be a precipitant of these events. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rich, David Q AU - Mittleman, Murray A AU - Link, Mark S AU - Schwartz, Joel PY - 2006 SP - 120 EP - 123 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Air pollution KW - Risk KW - Rapids KW - Patients KW - Health KW - Confidence intervals KW - Communities KW - Arrhythmia KW - Fibrillation KW - Carbon KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Regression KW - Estimates KW - Defibrillators KW - Links KW - Ozone KW - Confidence KW - Copyrights KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743316802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Increased+Risk+of+Paroxysmal+Atrial+Fibrillation+Episodes+Associated+with+Acute+Increases+in+Ambient+Air+Pollution&rft.au=Rich%2C+David+Q%3BMittleman%2C+Murray+A%3BLink%2C+Mark+S%3BSchwartz%2C+Joel&rft.aulast=Rich&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - January 2006 forum. AN - 743245155; 201004-31-0297127 (CE); 12086424 (EN) AB - Short articles on: Allergen Labeling Takes Effect; Breastfeeding: Nature's MRE; Meaner MRSAs; X-Rays Get in Synch; EHPnet--CDC: Environmental Concerns After Hurricane Katrina and NIEHS: Natural Disaster Response; The Beat. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - R, Dahl AU - JR, Barrett AU - C, Potera AU - G, Stemp-Morlock AU - EE, Dooley PY - 2006 SP - A24 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - MRSA KW - Copyrights KW - X-rays KW - Natural disasters KW - Health KW - Libraries KW - Hurricanes KW - Medicine KW - Marking KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743245155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=January+2006+forum.&rft.au=R%2C+Dahl%3BJR%2C+Barrett%3BC%2C+Potera%3BG%2C+Stemp-Morlock%3BEE%2C+Dooley&rft.aulast=R&rft.aufirst=Dahl&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Mortality in Nine California Counties: Results from CALFINE AN - 743199111; 201004-31-0296942 (CE); 12085825 (EN) AB - Many epidemiologic studies provide evidence of an association between daily counts of mortality and ambient particulate matter10 microm in diameter (PM10). Relatively few studies, however, have investigated the relationship of mortality with fine particles [PM2.5 microm in diameter (PM2.5)], especially in a multicity setting. We examined associations between PM2.5 and daily mortality in nine heavily populated California counties using data from 1999 through 2002. We considered daily counts of all-cause mortality and several cause-specific subcategories (respiratory, cardiovascular, ischemic heart disease, and diabetes). We also examined these associations among several subpopulations, including the elderly (65 years of age), males, females, non-high school graduates, whites, and Hispanics. We used Poisson multiple regression models incorporating natural or penalized splines to control for covariates that could affect daily counts of mortality, including time, seasonality, temperature, humidity, and day of the week. We used meta-analyses using random-effects models to pool the observations in all nine counties. The analysis revealed associations of PM2.5 levels with several mortality categories. Specifically, a 10-microg/m3 change in 2-day average PM2.5 concentration corresponded to a 0.6% (95% confidence interval, 0.2-1.0%) increase in all-cause mortality, with similar or greater effect estimates for several other subpopulations and mortality subcategories, including respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, age65 years, females, deaths out of the hospital, and non-high school graduates. Results were generally insensitive to model specification and the type of spline model used. This analysis adds to the growing body of evidence linking PM2.5 with daily mortality. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ostro, Bart AU - Broadwin, Rachel AU - Green, Shelley AU - Feng, Wen-Ying AU - Lipsett, Michael PY - 2006 SP - 29 EP - 33 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Mortality KW - Counting KW - Health KW - Splines KW - Diabetes KW - Females KW - Graduates KW - Air pollution KW - Heart diseases KW - Categories KW - Regression KW - Epidemiology KW - Estimates KW - Regression analysis KW - Hospitals KW - Confidence intervals KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Specifications KW - Linking KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743199111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Fine+Particulate+Air+Pollution+and+Mortality+in+Nine+California+Counties%3A+Results+from+CALFINE&rft.au=Ostro%2C+Bart%3BBroadwin%2C+Rachel%3BGreen%2C+Shelley%3BFeng%2C+Wen-Ying%3BLipsett%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Organochlorine Contaminants on Loggerhead Sea Turtle Immunity: Comparison of a Correlative Field Study and In Vitro Exposure Experiments AN - 743194979; 201004-31-0296924 (CE); 12085807 (EN) AB - Several laboratory and field studies indicate that organochlorine contaminants (OCs), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pesticides, modulate immune responses in rodents, wildlife, and humans. In the present study we examined the effects of OCs on immunity in free-ranging loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation responses, lysozyme activity, and OC concentrations were measured from blood samples. Mitogens chosen in the lymphocyte proliferation assay were phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (ConA) for T-lymphocyte stimulation, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) for B-lymphocyte stimulation. Lysozyme activity was significantly and negatively correlated with whole-blood concentrations of 4,4 -dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (4,4 -DDE) and the sum of chlordanes. Lymphocyte proliferation responses stimulated by PHA, LPS, and PDB were significantly and positively correlated with concentrations of the sum of PCBs measured in whole blood. LPS- and PDB-induced proliferation were also significantly and positively correlated with 4,4 -DDE blood concentrations. These correlative observations in free-ranging turtles suggest that current, chronic exposure to OCs may suppress innate immunity and enhance certain lymphocyte functions of loggerhead sea turtles. To further test this hypothesis, lymphocyte proliferation was measured after in vitro exposure of peripheral blood leukocytes from 16 turtles to Aroclor 1254 (0-13.5 microg/mL) or 4,4 -DDE (0-13.4 microg/mL). Both contaminants increased PHA- and PDB-induced proliferation at concentrations below those that affected cell viability. Moreover, the concentrations that enhanced PDB-induced proliferation in vitro were similar to concentrations measured in turtles with the highest proliferative responses. The similarities between the in vitro experiments and the correlative field study suggest that OC exposure modulates immunity in loggerhead turtles. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Keller, Jennifer M AU - McClellan-Green, Patricia D AU - Kucklick, John R AU - Keil, Deborah E AU - Peden-Adams, Margie M PY - 2006 SP - 70 EP - 76 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Lymphocytes KW - In vitro testing KW - Turtles KW - Immunity KW - Blood KW - Contaminants KW - Correlation KW - Sea turtles KW - Correlation analysis KW - Stimulation KW - Health KW - Lysozyme KW - Concanavalin A KW - Viability KW - Leukocytes KW - Pesticides KW - Copyrights KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Wildlife management KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743194979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Organochlorine+Contaminants+on+Loggerhead+Sea+Turtle+Immunity%3A+Comparison+of+a+Correlative+Field+Study+and+In+Vitro+Exposure+Experiments&rft.au=Keller%2C+Jennifer+M%3BMcClellan-Green%2C+Patricia+D%3BKucklick%2C+John+R%3BKeil%2C+Deborah+E%3BPeden-Adams%2C+Margie+M&rft.aulast=Keller&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Case Study of Tire Crumb Use on Playgrounds: Risk Analysis and Communication When Major Clinical Knowledge Gaps Exist AN - 743165689; 201004-31-0296936 (CE); 12085819 (EN) AB - Physicians and public health professionals working with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Region 8 Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit (PEHSU) received several telephone calls requesting information regarding the safety of recycled tire crumb as a playground surface constituent placed below children's play structures. There were no reported symptoms or adverse health effects in exposed children. The literature available on the safety and risk of exposure to crumb rubber constituents was limited and revealed no information quantifying exposures associated with product use. Callers were informed by the PEHSU that no evidence existed suggesting harm from intended use of the product, but gaps in knowledge about the product were identified and communicated. Here the case of crumb rubber on playgrounds is used as a model to present an approach to similar environmental medicine questions. From defining the question, to surveying traditional and nontraditional resources for information, synthesis of findings, and risk communication, the case provides a model to approach similar questions. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Anderson, Mark E AU - Kirkland, Katherine H AU - Guidotti, Tee L AU - Rose, Cecile PY - 2006 SP - 1 EP - 3 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Health KW - Playgrounds KW - Children KW - Constituents KW - Tires KW - Safety KW - Rubber KW - Gaps KW - Risk analysis KW - Telephone calls KW - Risk KW - Surveying KW - Risk communication KW - Medicine KW - Synthesis KW - Copyrights KW - Public health KW - Exposure KW - Recycled KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743165689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Case+Study+of+Tire+Crumb+Use+on+Playgrounds%3A+Risk+Analysis+and+Communication+When+Major+Clinical+Knowledge+Gaps+Exist&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Mark+E%3BKirkland%2C+Katherine+H%3BGuidotti%2C+Tee+L%3BRose%2C+Cecile&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Case for Revisiting the Safety of Pesticides: A Closer Look at Neurodevelopment AN - 743151971; 201004-31-0296934 (CE); 12085817 (EN) AB - The quality and quantity of the data about the risk posed to humans by individual pesticides vary considerably. Unlike obvious birth defects, most developmental effects cannot be seen at birth or even later in life. Instead, brain and nervous system disturbances are expressed in terms of how an individual behaves and functions, which can vary considerably from birth through adulthood. In this article I challenge the protective value of current pesticide risk assessment strategies in light of the vast numbers of pesticides on the market and the vast number of possible target tissues and end points that often differ depending upon timing of exposure. Using the insecticide chlorpyrifos as a model, I reinforce the need for a new approach to determine the safety of all pesticide classes. Because of the uncertainty that will continue to exist about the safety of pesticides, it is apparent that a new regulatory approach to protect human health is needed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Colborn, Theo PY - 2006 SP - 10 EP - 17 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Pesticides KW - Health KW - Safety KW - Birth KW - Human KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - Risk KW - Insecticides KW - Protective KW - Disturbances KW - Mathematical models KW - Strategy KW - Copyrights KW - Marketing KW - Time measurements KW - Risk assessment KW - Uncertainty KW - Birth defects KW - Brain KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743151971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Case+for+Revisiting+the+Safety+of+Pesticides%3A+A+Closer+Look+at+Neurodevelopment&rft.au=Colborn%2C+Theo&rft.aulast=Colborn&rft.aufirst=Theo&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Indoor Mercury Vapor in Common Areas of Residential Buildings with Outdoor Levels in a Community Where Mercury Is Used for Cultural Purposes AN - 743133006; 201004-31-0296926 (CE); 12085809 (EN) AB - Elemental mercury has been imbued with magical properties for millennia, and various cultures use elemental mercury in a variety of superstitious and cultural practices, raising health concerns for users and residents in buildings where it is used. As a first step in assessing this phenomenon, we compared mercury vapor concentration in common areas of residential buildings versus outdoor air, in two New Jersey cities where mercury is available and is used in cultural practices. We measured mercury using a portable atomic absorption spectrometer capable of quantitative measurement from 2 ng/m3 mercury vapor. We evaluated the interior hallways in 34 multifamily buildings and the vestibule in an additional 33 buildings. Outdoor mercury vapor averaged 5 ng/m3; indoor mercury was significantly higher (mean 25 ng/m3; p0.001); 21% of buildings had mean mercury vapor concentration in hallways that exceeded the 95th percentile of outdoor mercury vapor concentration (17 ng/m3), whereas 35% of buildings had a maximum mercury vapor concentration that exceeded the 95th percentile of outdoor mercury concentration. The highest indoor average mercury vapor concentration was 299 ng/m3, and the maximum point concentration was 2,022 ng/m3. In some instances, we were able to locate the source, but we could not specifically attribute the elevated levels of mercury vapor to cultural use or other specific mercury releases. However, these findings provide sufficient evidence of indoor mercury source(s) to warrant further investigation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Garetano, Gary AU - Gochfeld, Michael AU - Stern, Alan H PY - 2006 SP - 59 EP - 62 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Mercury vapor KW - Mercury KW - Outdoor KW - Buildings KW - Indoor KW - Health KW - Residential buildings KW - Culture KW - Communities KW - Copyrights KW - Atomic absorption analysis KW - Elevated KW - Vestibules KW - Portability KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743133006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Indoor+Mercury+Vapor+in+Common+Areas+of+Residential+Buildings+with+Outdoor+Levels+in+a+Community+Where+Mercury+Is+Used+for+Cultural+Purposes&rft.au=Scott+Jr%2C+Lionel+D&rft.aulast=Scott+Jr&rft.aufirst=Lionel&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bisphenol A and Risk Assessment/Bisphenol A: vom Saal and Hughes Respond AN - 743107137; 201004-31-0296947 (CE); 12085830 (EN) AB - Correspondence on Bisphenol A and Risk Assessment and Author's Response. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Politch, Joseph A AU - vom Saal, Frederick S AU - Hughes, Claude PY - 2006 SP - A16; author reply A16 EP - 7 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Bisphenol A KW - Risk assessment KW - Health KW - Copyrights KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743107137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Bisphenol+A+and+Risk+Assessment%2FBisphenol+A%3A+vom+Saal+and+Hughes+Respond&rft.au=Politch%2C+Joseph+A%3Bvom+Saal%2C+Frederick+S%3BHughes%2C+Claude&rft.aulast=Politch&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A16%3B+author+reply+A16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Blood Lead Concentrations in Children and Method of Water Fluoridation in the United States, 1988-1994 AN - 743091402; 201004-31-0296930 (CE); 12085813 (EN) AB - Some have hypothesized that community water containing sodium silicofluoride and hydrofluosilicic acid may increase blood lead (PbB) concentrations in children by leaching of lead from water conduits and by increasing absorption of lead from water. Our analysis aimed to evaluate the relation between water fluoridation method and PbB concentrations in children. We used PbB concentration data (n=9,477) from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994) for children 1-16 years of age, merged with water fluoridation data from the 1992 Fluoridation Census. The main outcome measure was geometric mean PbB concentration, and covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty status, urbanicity, and length of time living in residence. Geometric mean PbB concentrations for each water fluoridation method were 2.40 microg/dL (sodium silicofluoride), 2.34 microg/dL (hydrofluosilicic acid), 1.78 microg/dL (sodium fluoride), 2.24 microg/dL (natural fluoride and no fluoride), and 2.14 microg/dL (unknown/mixed status). In multiple linear and logistic regression, there was a statistical interaction between water fluoridation method and year in which dwelling was built. Controlling for covariates, water fluoridation method was significant only in the models that included dwellings built before 1946 and dwellings of unknown age. Across stratum-specific models for dwellings of known age, neither hydrofluosilicic acid nor sodium silicofluoride were associated with higher geometric mean PbB concentrations or prevalence values. Given these findings, our analyses, though not definitive, do not support concerns that silicofluorides in community water systems cause higher PbB concentrations in children. Current evidence does not provide a basis for changing water fluoridation practices, which have a clear public health benefit. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Macek, Mark D AU - Matte, Thomas D AU - Sinks, Thomas AU - Malvitz, Dolores M PY - 2006 SP - 130 EP - 134 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Fluoridation KW - Children KW - Mathematical models KW - Dwellings KW - Age KW - Sodium KW - Health KW - Fluorides KW - Communities KW - Blood KW - Nutrition KW - Regression KW - Census KW - Race KW - Mattes KW - Sodium fluoride KW - Conduits KW - Copyrights KW - Leaching KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743091402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Blood+Lead+Concentrations+in+Children+and+Method+of+Water+Fluoridation+in+the+United+States%2C+1988-1994&rft.au=Macek%2C+Mark+D%3BMatte%2C+Thomas+D%3BSinks%2C+Thomas%3BMalvitz%2C+Dolores+M&rft.aulast=Macek&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Home Endotoxin Exposure and Wheeze in Infants: Correction for Bias Due to Exposure Measurement Error AN - 743082933; 201004-31-0296919 (CE); 12085802 (EN) AB - Exposure to elevated levels of endotoxin in family-room dust was previously observed to be significantly associated with increased wheeze in the first year of life among a cohort of 404 children in the Boston, Massachusetts, metropolitan area. However, it is likely that family-room dust endotoxin was a surrogate for airborne endotoxin exposure. Therefore, a related substudy characterized the relationship between levels of airborne household endotoxin and the level of endotoxin present in house dust, in addition to identifying other significant predictors of airborne endotoxin in the home. We now reexamine the relationship between endotoxin exposure and wheeze under the assumption that the level of airborne endotoxin in the home is the exposure of interest and that the amount of endotoxin in household dust is a surrogate for this exposure. We applied a measurement error correction technique, using all available data to estimate the effect of endotoxin exposure in terms of airborne concentration and accounting for the measurement error induced by using house-dust endotoxin as a surrogate measure in the portion of the data in which airborne endotoxin could not be directly measured. After adjusting for confounding by lower respiratory infection status and race/ethnicity, endotoxin exposure was found to be significantly associated with a nearly 6-fold increase in prevalence of wheeze for a one interquartile range increase in airborne endotoxin (95% confidence interval, 1.2-26) among the 360 children in households with dust endotoxin levels between the 5th and 95th percentiles. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Horick, Nora AU - Weller, Edie AU - Milton, Donald K AU - Gold, Diane R PY - 2006 SP - 135 EP - 140 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Endotoxins KW - Dust KW - Households KW - Error correction KW - Children KW - Health KW - Error analysis KW - Infants KW - Houses KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Estimates KW - Race KW - Confidence intervals KW - Bias KW - Elevated KW - Gold KW - Copyrights KW - Accounting KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743082933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Home+Endotoxin+Exposure+and+Wheeze+in+Infants%3A+Correction+for+Bias+Due+to+Exposure+Measurement+Error&rft.au=Horick%2C+Nora%3BWeller%2C+Edie%3BMilton%2C+Donald+K%3BGold%2C+Diane+R&rft.aulast=Horick&rft.aufirst=Nora&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gene Expression Analysis of the Hepatotoxicant Methapyrilene in Primary Rat Hepatocytes: An Interlaboratory Study AN - 743070682; 201004-31-0296933 (CE); 12085816 (EN) AB - Genomics technologies are used in several disciplines, including toxicology. However, these technologies are relatively new, and their applications require further investigations. When investigators apply these technologies to in vitro experiments, two major issues need to be clarified: a) can in vitro toxicity studies, in combination with genomics analyses, be used to predict the toxicity of a compound; and b) are the generated toxicogenomics data reproducible between laboratories? These questions were addressed by an interlaboratory study with laboratories of four pharmaceutical companies. We evaluated gene expression patterns from cultured rat primary hepatocytes after a 24-hr incubation with methapyrilene (MP). Extensive data analysis showed that comparison of genomics data from different sources is complex because both experimental and statistical variability are important confounding factors. However, appropriate statistical tools allowed us to use gene expression profiles to distinguish high-dose-treated cells from vehicle-treated cells. Moreover, we correctly identified MP in an independently generated in vitro database, underlining that in vitro toxicogenomics could be a predictive tool for toxicity. From a mechanistic point of view, despite the observed site-to-site variability, there was good concordance regarding the affected biologic processes. Several subsets of regulated genes were obtained by analyzing the data sets with one method or using different statistical analysis methods. The identified genes are involved in cellular processes that are associated to the exposure of primary hepatocytes to MP. Whether they are specific for MP and are cause or consequence of the toxicity requires further investigations. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Beekman, Johanna M AU - Boess, Franziska AU - Hildebrand, Heinrich AU - Kalkuhl, Arno AU - Suter, Laura PY - 2006 SP - 92 EP - 99 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Toxicity KW - In vitro testing KW - Gene expression KW - Genes KW - Databases KW - Health KW - Interlaboratory KW - Copyrights KW - Data processing KW - Data sets KW - Statistical analysis KW - Toxicology KW - Cellular KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743070682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Gene+Expression+Analysis+of+the+Hepatotoxicant+Methapyrilene+in+Primary+Rat+Hepatocytes%3A+An+Interlaboratory+Study&rft.au=Beekman%2C+Johanna+M%3BBoess%2C+Franziska%3BHildebrand%2C+Heinrich%3BKalkuhl%2C+Arno%3BSuter%2C+Laura&rft.aulast=Beekman&rft.aufirst=Johanna&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genotoxicity of acrylamide and its metabolite glycidamide administered in drinking water to male and female Big Blue mice. AN - 70677514; 15957192 AB - The recent discovery of acrylamide (AA), a probable human carcinogen, in a variety of fried and baked starchy foods has drawn attention to its genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Evidence suggests that glycidamide (GA), the epoxide metabolite of AA, is responsible for the genotoxic effects of AA. To investigate the in vivo genotoxicity of AA, groups of male and female Big Blue (BB) mice were administered 0, 100, or 500 mg/l of AA or equimolar doses of GA, in drinking water, for 3-4 weeks. Micronucleated reticulocytes (MN-RETs) were assessed in peripheral blood within 24 hr of the last treatment, and lymphocyte Hprt and liver cII mutagenesis assays were conducted 21 days following the last treatment. Further, the types of cII mutations induced by AA and GA in the liver were determined by sequence analysis. The frequency of MN-RETs was increased 1.7-3.3-fold in males treated with the high doses of AA and GA (P T:A transversions and -1/+1 frameshifts in a homopolymeric run of Gs. The results indicate that both AA and GA are genotoxic in mice. The MFs and types of mutations induced by AA and GA in the liver are consistent with AA exerting its genotoxicity in BB mice via metabolism to GA. 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Manjanatha, Mugimane G AU - Aidoo, Anane AU - Shelton, Sharon D AU - Bishop, Michelle E AU - McDaniel, Lea P AU - Lyn-Cook, Lascelles E AU - Doerge, Daniel R AD - Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, US FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA. Mmanjanatha@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - January 2006 SP - 6 EP - 17 VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Transcription Factors KW - Viral Proteins KW - cII protein, bacteriophage lambda KW - Acrylamide KW - 20R035KLCI KW - glycidamide KW - 6G5ELX5XYN KW - Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase KW - EC 2.4.2.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Viral Proteins -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase -- genetics KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective -- chemically induced KW - Water Supply KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Lymphocytes -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Mutation KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Epoxy Compounds -- toxicity KW - Acrylamide -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70677514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Genotoxicity+of+acrylamide+and+its+metabolite+glycidamide+administered+in+drinking+water+to+male+and+female+Big+Blue+mice.&rft.au=Manjanatha%2C+Mugimane+G%3BAidoo%2C+Anane%3BShelton%2C+Sharon+D%3BBishop%2C+Michelle+E%3BMcDaniel%2C+Lea+P%3BLyn-Cook%2C+Lascelles+E%3BDoerge%2C+Daniel+R&rft.aulast=Manjanatha&rft.aufirst=Mugimane&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-04-21 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Safety monitoring in vaccine development and immunization. AN - 68916179; 17016963 AB - The development of vaccines has been one of the most important achievement in preventive medicine. As the incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases is reduced by immunization, general public becomes increasingly concerned about the safety associated with vaccine. Vaccine safety is extensively evaluated through animal safety studies, clinical trials, during manufacturing processes, and postlicensure surveillance. Safety monitoring in postlicensure surveillance has relied on passive reporting system and epidemiological studies, including Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VARES), Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) Project and others. Approximately 10,000 reports per year are submitted to VAERS. About 15% of these describe serious events and 85% of reports are classified as not-serious events. The system analyzed frequently reported adverse reactions, rare events, intussusception after rotavirus vaccine, cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), and safety of various vaccines. The evidence for a causal relationship with vaccines can be classified into five categories: no evidence, evidence was inadequate to accept or reject, evidence favors rejection, evidence favors a causal relationship, and evidence established. Future challenges involve improving survey and monitoring system of adverse events after immunization, enhancing vaccine safety research and vaccine risk communication, and possibility of increased reactogenicity in new and combined vaccines. JF - Acta paediatrica Taiwanica = Taiwan er ke yi xue hui za zhi AU - Lee, Chi-Jen AU - Lee, Lucia H AU - Lu, Cheng-Hsiung AU - Huang, Yi-Jiun AU - Chu, Mong-Ling AD - Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. PY - 2006 SP - 7 EP - 13 VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 1608-8115, 1608-8115 KW - Vaccines KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems KW - Humans KW - Safety KW - Vaccines -- adverse effects KW - Immunization -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68916179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+paediatrica+Taiwanica+%3D+Taiwan+er+ke+yi+xue+hui+za+zhi&rft.atitle=Safety+monitoring+in+vaccine+development+and+immunization.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Chi-Jen%3BLee%2C+Lucia+H%3BLu%2C+Cheng-Hsiung%3BHuang%2C+Yi-Jiun%3BChu%2C+Mong-Ling&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Chi-Jen&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+paediatrica+Taiwanica+%3D+Taiwan+er+ke+yi+xue+hui+za+zhi&rft.issn=16088115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-10-26 N1 - Date created - 2006-10-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Acta Paediatr Taiwan. 2006 Mar-Apr;47(2):100 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Serum cardiac troponin T as a biomarker for acute myocardial injury induced by low doses of isoproterenol in rats. AN - 68326817; 17347531 AB - In rats, high doses of isoproterenol (Iso) have caused acute myocardial lesions and increased serum levels of cardiac troponin T (cTnT). We determined whether low doses of Iso also cause cardiac alterations and whether monitoring cTnT levels could detect this injury. Rats received 8 to 500 microg/kg Iso and were followed for 3 to 48 h. Lesion severity was scored from 0 to 5. Within 3 h, mean cTnT was elevated in all 29 rats receiving 8, 16, 32, or 64 microg/kg Iso (0.20 to 0.28 ng/mL ), but minimal lesions occurred in only two animals. However, by 6 h, cardiac lesions and increases in serum cTnT (mean = 0.21 to 0.23 ng/mL) were observed in all 14 rats receiving 32 or 64 microg/kg Iso. Doses of 125, 250, or 500 microg/kg Iso caused more significant increases in cTnT levels and marked myocardial lesions that reached a peak 3 to 6 h after dosing. The magnitude of the lesions and cTnT levels declined between 12 and 48 h post treatment. Thus, a range of low Iso doses can cause myocardial lesions, and serum cTnT levels can be monitored to detect the onset and progression of this type of acute cardiac injury in rats; however, careful attention to dosing and sampling times is critical to interpretation. JF - Cardiovascular toxicology AU - Herman, Eugene AU - Zhang, Jun AU - Knapton, Alan AU - Lipshultz, Steven E AU - Rifai, Nader AU - Sistare, Frank AD - Division of Applied Pharmacology Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. eugene.herman@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 211 EP - 222 VL - 6 IS - 3-4 SN - 1530-7905, 1530-7905 KW - Adrenergic beta-Agonists KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers KW - Troponin T KW - Isoproterenol KW - L628TT009W KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Acute Disease KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Time Factors KW - Biomarkers -- blood KW - Male KW - Troponin T -- metabolism KW - Troponin T -- blood KW - Cardiomyopathies -- pathology KW - Myocardium -- pathology KW - Cardiomyopathies -- mortality KW - Cardiomyopathies -- chemically induced KW - Cardiomyopathies -- blood KW - Adrenergic beta-Agonists -- administration & dosage KW - Isoproterenol -- administration & dosage KW - Myocardium -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68326817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cardiovascular+toxicology&rft.atitle=Serum+cardiac+troponin+T+as+a+biomarker+for+acute+myocardial+injury+induced+by+low+doses+of+isoproterenol+in+rats.&rft.au=Herman%2C+Eugene%3BZhang%2C+Jun%3BKnapton%2C+Alan%3BLipshultz%2C+Steven+E%3BRifai%2C+Nader%3BSistare%2C+Frank&rft.aulast=Herman&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cardiovascular+toxicology&rft.issn=15307905&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2007-04-06 N1 - Date created - 2007-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of personal exposure to outdoor aeromycota in northern New South Wales, Australia. AN - 68275236; 17195994 AB - Aerobiological sampling traditionally uses a volumetric spore trap located in a fixed position to estimate personal exposure to airborne fungi. In this study, the number and identity of fungi inhaled by human subjects (n=34), wearing Intra-nasal air samplers (INASs), was measured over 2-hour periods in an outdoor community setting, and compared to fungal counts made with a Burkard spore trap and Institute of Occupational Medicine personal filter air samplers (IOMs). All sampling devices were in close proximity and located in an outdoor environment in Casino, northern New South Wales, Australia. Using INASs, the most prevalent fungi inhaled belonged to soil or vegetation borne spores of Alternaria, Arthrinium, Bipolaris, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Epicoccum, Exserohilum, Fusarium, Pithomyces, Spegazzinia and Tetraploa species, Xylariaceae ascospores, in addition to hyphal fragments. These results showed that inhaled fungal exposure in most people varied in a 2-fold range with 10-fold outliers. In addition, the INASs and personal air filters agreed more with each other than with Burkard spore trap counts (r=0.74, p < 0.0001). These findings further support a new paradigm of personal fungal exposure, which implicates the inhalation of a spectrum of fungi more closely associated with soil or vegetation borne mycoflora and hyphal fragments than what is collected by stationary spore traps in the same geographic region. JF - Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM AU - Green, Brett James AU - O'Meara, Timothy AU - Sercombe, Jason AU - Tovey, Euan AD - Department of Medicine, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. Brett.Green@cdc.hhs.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 225 EP - 234 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1232-1966, 1232-1966 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - New South Wales KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal -- prevention & control KW - Spores, Fungal -- isolation & purification KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Inhalation Exposure -- analysis KW - Ascomycota -- isolation & purification KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68275236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+agricultural+and+environmental+medicine+%3A+AAEM&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+personal+exposure+to+outdoor+aeromycota+in+northern+New+South+Wales%2C+Australia.&rft.au=Green%2C+Brett+James%3BO%27Meara%2C+Timothy%3BSercombe%2C+Jason%3BTovey%2C+Euan&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+agricultural+and+environmental+medicine+%3A+AAEM&rft.issn=12321966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2007-03-21 N1 - Date created - 2007-01-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetics of antimicrobial resistance. AN - 68186753; 17127523 AB - Antimicrobial resistant strains of bacteria are an increasing threat to animal and human health. Resistance mechanisms to circumvent the toxic action of antimicrobials have been identified and described for all known antimicrobials currently available for clinical use in human and veterinary medicine. Acquired bacterial antibiotic resistance can result from the mutation of normal cellular genes, the acquisition of foreign resistance genes, or a combination of these two mechanisms. The most common resistance mechanisms employed by bacteria include enzymatic degradation or alteration of the antimicrobial, mutation in the antimicrobial target site, decreased cell wall permeability to antimicrobials, and active efflux of the antimicrobial across the cell membrane. The spread of mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, transposons, and integrons has greatly contributed to the rapid dissemination of antimicrobial resistance among several bacterial genera of human and veterinary importance. Antimicrobial resistance genes have been shown to accumulate on mobile elements, leading to a situation where multidrug resistance phenotypes can be transferred to a susceptible recipient via a single genetic event. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistant bacterial pathogens has severe implications for the future treatment and prevention of infectious diseases in both animals and humans. The versatility with which bacteria adapt to their environment and exchange DNA between different genera highlights the need to implement effective antimicrobial stewardship and infection control programs in both human and veterinary medicine. JF - Animal biotechnology AU - Harbottle, H AU - Thakur, S AU - Zhao, S AU - White, D G AD - Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA. heather.harbottle@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 111 EP - 124 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 1049-5398, 1049-5398 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phenotype KW - Animals KW - Genome, Bacterial KW - Bacterial Infections -- microbiology KW - Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Transformation, Genetic KW - Interspersed Repetitive Sequences KW - Humans KW - Bacterial Infections -- veterinary KW - Bacterial Infections -- drug therapy KW - Bacteria -- genetics KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Resistance, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Bacteria -- growth & development KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Bacteria -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68186753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Animal+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Genetics+of+antimicrobial+resistance.&rft.au=Harbottle%2C+H%3BThakur%2C+S%3BZhao%2C+S%3BWhite%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Harbottle&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Animal+biotechnology&rft.issn=10495398&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2007-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2006-11-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - History and evolution of reproductive and developmental toxicology guidelines. AN - 67858129; 16611128 AB - Birth defects and other adverse outcomes of pregnancy have been known since before the industrial age, but the need for guidelines to test chemicals to which pregnant women might be exposed was defined by the thalidomide tragedy in the 1950s and early 1960s. During the five decades that followed the tragedy, guidelines were written to test drugs, foods, and environmental contaminants. The guidelines were written to fulfill national needs, and then were expanded to international levels in order to streamline procedures in the expanding global economy. Multiple sets of animal guidelines were written, based on the need to simulate human experience. It was soon realized that the underlying principles were similar for all guidelines. Guidelines gradually evolved in two directions, in complexity and number of endpoints measured and in the expansion of internationally acceptable guidelines. This manuscript reviews, in chronological order, some of the milestones in the development of guidelines for animal studies and in the interpretations for safety assessment. Guidelines for long-term and short-term studies are reviewed, followed by a discussion of recently added endpoints and the future integration process for the assessment of reproductive toxicity risk. JF - Current pharmaceutical design AU - Collins, Thomas F X AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA. tcollins@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 1449 EP - 1465 VL - 12 IS - 12 SN - 1381-6128, 1381-6128 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Toxicology -- standards KW - Guidelines as Topic -- standards KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67858129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+pharmaceutical+design&rft.atitle=History+and+evolution+of+reproductive+and+developmental+toxicology+guidelines.&rft.au=Collins%2C+Thomas+F+X&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Thomas+F&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+pharmaceutical+design&rft.issn=13816128&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-06-19 N1 - Date created - 2006-04-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thalidomide use in the US : experience with pregnancy testing in the S.T.E.P.S. programme. AN - 67806283; 16569081 AB - In 1998, thalidomide (Thalomid), a known human teratogen, was approved by the US FDA for the treatment of erythema nodosum leprosum. To prevent fetal exposure to thalidomide, a restricted distribution risk management programme, the System for Thalidomide Education and Prescribing Safety (S.T.E.P.S.), was implemented. All clinicians, pharmacists and patients who prescribe, dispense and receive thalidomide, respectively, are required to enroll in S.T.E.P.S. Sexually active females of childbearing potential must use two methods of birth control before, during and after treatment. These patients must also have a negative pregnancy test within 24 hours before beginning therapy and periodically while on therapy. The objective of this report is to summarise the patterns of thalidomide use and to describe the occurrence of positive pregnancy tests in females of childbearing potential while they were using thalidomide in the S.T.E.P.S. programme in the US. A retrospective review of patients receiving thalidomide within the S.T.E.P.S. programme from September 1998 to 31 December 2004 to determine the occurrence of positive pregnancy tests whilst on treatment. Approximately 124,000 (43% female) patients were registered within the S.T.E.P.S. programme between September 1998 and 31 December 2004. Approximately 6,000 patients were females of childbearing potential, representing 5% of all patients and 11% of all female patients. Between 30 July 2001 and 31 December 2004, >88% of thalidomide use was for oncological conditions. There were 72 females of childbearing potential who had positive pregnancy tests. Sixty-nine of these patients had false positive pregnancy tests. Of the remaining three, one woman was pregnant while on thalidomide. This patient had an initial negative test and received thalidomide. Therapy was stopped when she had a positive pregnancy test. This pregnancy resulted in a miscarriage. Two additional patients were determined to be pregnant before receiving thalidomide. The S.T.E.P.S. programme is critical to managing the risks of thalidomide-associated teratogenicity. Sustained vigilance among health care providers and patients receiving thalidomide is essential to its continued success. Health care providers should be aware of the occurrence of false-positive pregnancy tests in females of childbearing potential receiving thalidomide. JF - Drug safety AU - Uhl, Kathleen AU - Cox, Edward AU - Rogan, Rose AU - Zeldis, Jerome B AU - Hixon, Dena AU - Furlong, Lesley-Anne AU - Singer, Sarah AU - Holliman, Tracy AU - Beyer, Joanne AU - Woolever, William AD - US Food & Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Rockville, Maryland 20993, USA. kathleen.uhl@oc.fda.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 321 EP - 329 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0114-5916, 0114-5916 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Thalidomide KW - 4Z8R6ORS6L KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Pregnancy Tests KW - Thalidomide -- adverse effects KW - Drug and Narcotic Control -- organization & administration KW - Drug Prescriptions -- standards KW - Thalidomide -- administration & dosage KW - Thalidomide -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67806283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+safety&rft.atitle=Thalidomide+use+in+the+US+%3A+experience+with+pregnancy+testing+in+the+S.T.E.P.S.+programme.&rft.au=Uhl%2C+Kathleen%3BCox%2C+Edward%3BRogan%2C+Rose%3BZeldis%2C+Jerome+B%3BHixon%2C+Dena%3BFurlong%2C+Lesley-Anne%3BSinger%2C+Sarah%3BHolliman%2C+Tracy%3BBeyer%2C+Joanne%3BWoolever%2C+William&rft.aulast=Uhl&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+safety&rft.issn=01145916&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-18 N1 - Date created - 2006-03-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological activity of residual cell-substrate DNA. AN - 67800363; 16566436 AB - Vaccines and other biological products manufactured in cells contain contaminating residual DNA derived from that production cell substrate, with the amount and form of this DNA depending mainly on the type of vaccine. The potential risk of this cellular DNA has been debated for over 40 years without resolution. Opinions on residual DNA have varied from it being considered an inert contaminant, and thus its presence should not be deemed to be a risk to vaccine recipients, to it being considered an important risk factor, particularly for vaccines manufactured in certain cell substrates, such as cells derived from tumours or cells that are tumorigenic. We are not of the opinion that DNA can be considered biologically inert, but whether or what risk residual cell-substrate DNA poses remains to be determined. In this paper, we discuss our approaches to address this issue and describe some preliminary work. JF - Developments in biologicals AU - Peden, K AU - Sheng, L AU - Pal, A AU - Lewis, A AD - Division of Viral Products, OVRR, CBER, FDA, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. peden@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 45 EP - 53; discussion 55-73 VL - 123 SN - 1424-6074, 1424-6074 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Culture Media KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - DNA, Viral KW - Vaccines KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - HIV Infections -- transmission KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- toxicity KW - Transfection KW - Humans KW - Restriction Mapping KW - HIV Infections -- prevention & control KW - Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Retroviridae -- genetics KW - DNA, Viral -- toxicity KW - DNA -- toxicity KW - Culture Media -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67800363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developments+in+biologicals&rft.atitle=Biological+activity+of+residual+cell-substrate+DNA.&rft.au=Peden%2C+K%3BSheng%2C+L%3BPal%2C+A%3BLewis%2C+A&rft.aulast=Peden&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developments+in+biologicals&rft.issn=14246074&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-02 N1 - Date created - 2006-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unique domain functions of p63 isotypes that differentially regulate distinct aspects of epidermal homeostasis. AN - 67576815; 16081516 AB - p63 is critical for squamous development and exists as multiple isotypes of two subclasses, TA and DeltaN. DeltaNp63 isotypes can antagonize transcription by TAp63 and p53, and are highly expressed in squamous cell cancers. Using mouse keratinocytes as a biological model of squamous epithelium, we show that multiple p63 isotypes, DeltaN- and TA-containing, are expressed and differentially modulated during in vitro murine keratinocyte differentiation. DeltaNp63alpha declines with Ca2+-induced differentiation, while a smaller DeltaN-form, DeltaNp63s, persists, suggesting unique functions of the two DeltaN-forms. To investigate the impact of dysregulated p63 expression that is observed in cancers and to define the biological contribution of the different domains of the p63 isotypes, DeltaNp63alpha, DeltaNp63p40, TAp63alpha, TAp63gamma or beta-galactosidase were overexpressed in primary murine keratinocytes. Microarray, RT-PCR and western blot analyses revealed that overexpression of DeltaNp63p40, which lacks the entire alpha-tail present in DeltaNp63alpha, permits expression of a full panel of differentiation markers. This is in contrast to overexpression of the full-length DeltaNp63alpha, which blocks induction of keratin 10, loricrin and filaggrin. These findings support a role for the alpha-tail of DeltaNp63alpha in blocking differentiation-specific gene expression. Overexpression of either TAp63 isotype permits keratin 10 and loricrin expression, thus the alpha-terminus requires the cooperation of the DeltaN domain in blocking early differentiation. However, both TA isotypes block filaggrin induction. The DeltaN-terminus is sufficient to maintain keratinocytes in a proliferative state, as both DeltaN forms block Ca2+-mediated p21WAF1 induction and S-phase arrest, while sustaining elevated PCNA levels. No alteration in cell cycle regulation was observed in keratinocytes overexpressing TAp63alpha or TAp63gamma. Clarifying the functional distinctions between p63 isotypes and domains will help to elucidate how their dysregulation impacts tumor biology and may suggest novel therapeutic strategies for modulating behavior of tumor cells with altered expression of p53 family members. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - King, K E AU - Ponnamperuma, R M AU - Gerdes, M J AU - Tokino, T AU - Yamashita, T AU - Baker, C C AU - Weinberg, W C AD - Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - January 2006 SP - 53 EP - 63 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Intermediate Filament Proteins KW - 0 KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Phosphoproteins KW - Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen KW - Protein Isoforms KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Trans-Activators KW - Trp63 protein, mouse KW - filaggrin KW - loricrin KW - Keratin-10 KW - 147785-83-9 KW - beta-Galactosidase KW - EC 3.2.1.23 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis KW - Genes, Tumor Suppressor KW - Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - Cell Proliferation KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Intermediate Filament Proteins -- metabolism KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Intermediate Filament Proteins -- genetics KW - Keratin-10 -- genetics KW - Papilloma -- chemically induced KW - Papilloma -- metabolism KW - Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen -- metabolism KW - Sequence Deletion KW - Papilloma -- pathology KW - Membrane Proteins -- metabolism KW - Skin Neoplasms -- pathology KW - S Phase KW - Cell Differentiation KW - Mice KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Skin Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Adenoviridae -- genetics KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Blotting, Western KW - beta-Galactosidase -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Skin Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Keratin-10 -- metabolism KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Trans-Activators -- metabolism KW - Phosphoproteins -- genetics KW - Trans-Activators -- genetics KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- pathology KW - Keratinocytes -- cytology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- metabolism KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- chemically induced KW - Keratinocytes -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Phosphoproteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67576815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Unique+domain+functions+of+p63+isotypes+that+differentially+regulate+distinct+aspects+of+epidermal+homeostasis.&rft.au=King%2C+K+E%3BPonnamperuma%2C+R+M%3BGerdes%2C+M+J%3BTokino%2C+T%3BYamashita%2C+T%3BBaker%2C+C+C%3BWeinberg%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2007-03-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of gene expression changes in relation to toxicity and tumorigenesis in the livers of Big Blue transgenic rats fed comfrey (Symphytum officinale) AN - 21240505; 7670782 AB - Background Comfrey is consumed by humans as a vegetable and a tea, and has been used as an herbal medicine for more than 2000 years. Comfrey, however, is hepatotoxic in livestock and humans and carcinogenic in experimental animals. Our previous study suggested that comfrey induces liver tumors by a genotoxic mechanism and that the pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the plant are responsible for mutation induction and tumor initiation in rat liver. Results In this study, we identified comfrey-induced gene expression profile in the livers of rats. Groups of 6 male transgenic Big Blue rats were fed a basal diet and a diet containing 8% comfrey roots, a dose that resulted in liver tumors in a previous carcinogenicity bioassay. The animals were treated for 12 weeks and sacrificed one day after the final treatment. We used a rat microarray containing 26,857 genes to perform genome-wide gene expression studies. Dietary comfrey resulted in marked changes in liver gene expression, as well as in significant decreases in the body weight and increases in liver mutant frequency. When a two-fold cutoff value and a P-value less than 0.01 were selected, 2,726 genes were identified as differentially expressed in comfrey-fed rats compared to control animals. Among these genes, there were 1,617 genes associated by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis with particular functions, and the differentially expressed genes in comfrey-fed rat livers were involved in metabolism, injury of endothelial cells, and liver injury and abnormalities, including liver fibrosis and cancer development. Conclusion The gene expression profile provides us a better understanding of underlying mechanisms for comfrey-induced hepatic toxicity. Integration of gene expression changes with known pathological changes can be used to formulate a mechanistic scheme for comfrey-induced liver toxicity and tumorigenesis. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Mei, Nan AU - Guo, Lei AU - Zhang, Lu AU - Shi, Leming AU - Sun, Yongming Andrew AU - Fung, Chris AU - Moland, Carrie L AU - Dial, Stacey L AU - Fuscoe, James C AU - Chen, Tao AD - 1 Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, nan.mei@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - S16 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House VL - 7 IS - Suppl 2 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Vegetables KW - Injuries KW - Fibrosis KW - Hepatocytes KW - Liver cancer KW - Mutant frequency KW - pyrrolizidine alkaloids KW - Endothelial cells KW - Gene expression KW - Integration KW - Body weight KW - Tea KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Herbal medicines KW - Symphytum officinale KW - Diets KW - Genotoxicity KW - Tumorigenesis KW - Toxicity KW - Cancer KW - Livestock KW - Liver KW - Bioinformatics KW - Mutation KW - Metabolism KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21240505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+Measurement+of+Bacillus+Thuringiensis+Cry+1A%28b%29+and+Cry+3B+Proteins+in+Corn+Extracts&rft.au=Sammons%2C+D%3BBiagini%2C+R%3BSmith%2C+J+P%3BMacKenzie%2C+B+A%3BStriley%2C+C+A%3BRobertson%2C+S+A%3BSnawder%2C+J+E%3BFerguson%2C+B+S%3BLarkin%2C+K+A&rft.aulast=Sammons&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Symphytum officinale; Liver; Gene expression; Tumorigenesis; Toxicity; Injuries; Diets; Liver cancer; Hepatocytes; Herbal medicines; Endothelial cells; Livestock; Carcinogenicity; Bioinformatics; Cancer; Vegetables; Integration; Metabolism; Genotoxicity; Tea; Mutation; pyrrolizidine alkaloids; Mutant frequency; Fibrosis; Body weight DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-S2-S16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A method for computing the overall statistical significance of a treatment effect among a group of genes AN - 21238552; 7670793 AB - Background In studies that use DNA arrays to assess changes in gene expression, our goal is to evaluate the statistical significance of treatments on sets of genes. Genes can be grouped by a molecular function, a biological process, or a cellular component, e.g., gene ontology (GO) terms. The meaning of an affected GO group is often clearer than interpretations arising from a list of the statistically significant genes. Results Computer simulations demonstrated that correlations among genes invalidate many statistical methods that are commonly used to assign significance to GO terms. Ignoring these correlations overstates the statistical significance. Meta-analysis methods for combining p-values were modified to adjust for correlation. One of these methods is elaborated in the context of a comparison between two treatments. The form of the correlation adjustment depends upon the alternative hypothesis. Conclusion Reliable corrections for the effect of correlations among genes on the significance level of a GO term can be constructed for an alternative hypothesis where all transcripts in the GO term increase (decrease) in response to treatment. For general alternatives, which allow some transcripts to increase and others to decrease, the bias of naive significance calculations can be greatly decreased although not eliminated. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Delongchamp, Robert AU - Lee, Taewon AU - Velasco, Cruz AD - 1 Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079 USA, robert.delongchamp@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - S11 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House VL - 7 IS - Suppl 2 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - Statistics KW - Reviews KW - DNA KW - Statistical analysis KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21238552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=A+method+for+computing+the+overall+statistical+significance+of+a+treatment+effect+among+a+group+of+genes&rft.au=Delongchamp%2C+Robert%3BLee%2C+Taewon%3BVelasco%2C+Cruz&rft.aulast=Delongchamp&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=S11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-7-S2-S11 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Statistics; Reviews; Mathematical models; Statistical analysis; DNA; Bioinformatics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-S2-S11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential gene expression in mouse primary hepatocytes exposed to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonists AN - 21236849; 7670774 AB - Background Fibrates are a unique hypolipidemic drugs that lower plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels through their action as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha ) agonists. The activation of PPAR alpha leads to a cascade of events that result in the pharmacological (hypolipidemic) and adverse (carcinogenic) effects in rodent liver. Results To understand the molecular mechanisms responsible for the pleiotropic effects of PPAR alpha agonists, we treated mouse primary hepatocytes with three PPAR alpha agonists (bezafibrate, fenofibrate, and WY-14,643) at multiple concentrations (0, 10, 30, and 100 mu M) for 24 hours. When primary hepatocytes were exposed to these agents, transactivation of PPAR alpha was elevated as measured by luciferase assay. Global gene expression profiles in response to PPAR alpha agonists were obtained by microarray analysis. Among differentially expressed genes (DEGs), there were 4, 8, and 21 genes commonly regulated by bezafibrate, fenofibrate, and WY-14,643 treatments across 3 doses, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner. Treatments with 100 mu M of bezafibrate, fenofibrate, and WY-14,643 resulted in 151, 149, and 145 genes altered, respectively. Among them, 121 genes were commonly regulated by at least two drugs. Many genes are involved in fatty acid metabolism including oxidative reaction. Some of the gene changes were associated with production of reactive oxygen species, cell proliferation of peroxisomes, and hepatic disorders. In addition, 11 genes related to the development of liver cancer were observed. Conclusion Our results suggest that treatment of PPAR alpha agonists results in the production of oxidative stress and increased peroxisome proliferation, thus providing a better understanding of mechanisms underlying PPAR alpha agonist-induced hepatic disorders and hepatocarcinomas. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Guo, Lei AU - Fang, Hong AU - Collins, Jim AU - Fan, Xiao-hui AU - Dial, Stacey AU - Wong, Alex AU - Mehta, Kshama AU - Blann, Ernice AU - Shi, Leming AU - Tong, Weida AU - Dragan, Yvonne P AD - 1 Division of Systems Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, lei.guo@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - S18 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House VL - 7 IS - Suppl 2 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Molecular modelling KW - Fenofibrate KW - Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors KW - Hepatocytes KW - Liver cancer KW - Cholesterol KW - Oxidative metabolism KW - Gene expression KW - Reactive oxygen species KW - Oxidative stress KW - Triglycerides KW - Bezafibrate KW - Fatty acids KW - Bioinformatics KW - Cell proliferation KW - Drugs KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21236849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Differential+gene+expression+in+mouse+primary+hepatocytes+exposed+to+the+peroxisome+proliferator-activated+receptor+alpha+agonists&rft.au=Guo%2C+Lei%3BFang%2C+Hong%3BCollins%2C+Jim%3BFan%2C+Xiao-hui%3BDial%2C+Stacey%3BWong%2C+Alex%3BMehta%2C+Kshama%3BBlann%2C+Ernice%3BShi%2C+Leming%3BTong%2C+Weida%3BDragan%2C+Yvonne+P&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Lei&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=S18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-7-S2-S18 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; Bezafibrate; Gene expression; Fenofibrate; Hepatocytes; Fatty acids; Bioinformatics; Molecular modelling; Oxidative stress; Liver cancer; Oxidative metabolism; Cell proliferation; Reactive oxygen species; Cholesterol; Triglycerides; Drugs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-S2-S18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improvement in the Reproducibility and Accuracy of DNA Microarray Quantification by Optimizing Hybridization Conditions AN - 21236692; 7670788 AB - Background DNA microarrays, which have been increasingly used to monitor mRNA transcripts at a global level, can provide detailed insight into cellular processes involved in response to drugs and toxins. This is leading to new understandings of signaling networks that operate in the cell, and the molecular basis of diseases. Custom printed oligonucleotide arrays have proven to be an effective way to facilitate the applications of DNA microarray technology. A successful microarray experiment, however, involves many steps: well-designed oligonucleotide probes, printing, RNA extraction and labeling, hybridization, and imaging. Optimization is essential to generate reliable microarray data. Results Hybridization and washing steps are crucial for a successful microarray experiment. By following the hybridization and washing conditions recommended by an oligonucleotide provider, it was found that the expression ratios were compressed greater than expected and data analysis revealed a high degree of non-specific binding. A series of experiments was conducted using rat mixed tissue RNA reference material (MTRRM) and other RNA samples to optimize the hybridization and washing conditions. The optimized hybridization and washing conditions greatly reduced the non-specific binding and improved the accuracy of spot intensity measurements. Conclusion The results from the optimized hybridization and washing conditions greatly improved the reproducibility and accuracy of expression ratios. These experiments also suggested the importance of probe designs using better bioinformatics approaches and the need for common reference RNA samples for platform performance evaluation in order to fulfill the potential of DNA microarray technology. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Han, Tao AU - Melvin, Cathy D AU - Shi, Leming AU - Branham, William S AU - Moland, Carrie L AU - Pine, P Scott AU - Thompson, Karol L AU - Fuscoe, James C AD - 1 Center for Functional Genomics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, Tao.Han@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - S17 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House VL - 7 IS - Suppl 2 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Printing KW - Data processing KW - DNA probes KW - imaging KW - Oligonucleotides KW - DNA microarrays KW - Toxins KW - Computer programs KW - RNA probes KW - Bioinformatics KW - Drugs KW - Signal transduction KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21236692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Improvement+in+the+Reproducibility+and+Accuracy+of+DNA+Microarray+Quantification+by+Optimizing+Hybridization+Conditions&rft.au=Han%2C+Tao%3BMelvin%2C+Cathy+D%3BShi%2C+Leming%3BBranham%2C+William+S%3BMoland%2C+Carrie+L%3BPine%2C+P+Scott%3BThompson%2C+Karol+L%3BFuscoe%2C+James+C&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Tao&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=S17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-7-S2-S17 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA microarrays; Bioinformatics; Oligonucleotides; Data processing; DNA probes; imaging; Computer programs; Toxins; Signal transduction; RNA probes; Printing; Drugs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-S2-S17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GOFFA: Gene Ontology For Functional Analysis - A FDA Gene Ontology Tool for Analysis of Genomic and Proteomic Data AN - 21236215; 7670792 AB - Background Gene Ontology (GO) characterizes and categorizes the functions of genes and their products according to biological processes, molecular functions and cellular components, facilitating interpretation of data from high-throughput genomics and proteomics technologies. The most effective use of GO information is achieved when its rich and hierarchical complexity is retained and the information is distilled to the biological functions that are most germane to the phenomenon being investigated. Results Here we present a FDA GO tool named Gene Ontology for Functional Analysis (GOFFA). GOFFA first ranks GO terms in the order of prevalence for a list of selected genes or proteins, and then it allows the user to interactively select GO terms according to their significance and specific biological complexity within the hierarchical structure. GOFFA provides five interactive functions (Tree view, Terms View, Genes View, GO Path and GO TreePrune) to analyze the GO data. Among the five functions, GO Path and GO TreePrune are unique. The GO Path simultaneously displays the ranks that order GOFFA Tree Paths based on statistical analysis. The GO TreePrune provides a visual display of a reduced GO term set based on a user's statistical cut-offs. Therefore, the GOFFA visual display can provide an intuitive depiction of the most likely relevant biological functions. Conclusion With GOFFA, the user can dynamically interact with the GO data to interpret gene expression results in the context of biological plausibility, which can lead to new discoveries or identify new hypotheses. Availability GOFFA is available through ArrayTrack software . JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Sun, Hongmei AU - Fang, Hong AU - Chen, Tao AU - Perkins, Roger AU - Tong, Weida AD - 1 Z-tech Corporation, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas, 72079 USA, hongmei.sun@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - S23 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House VL - 7 IS - Suppl 2 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Gene expression KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Statistics KW - Data processing KW - Statistical analysis KW - Bioinformatics KW - proteomics KW - genomics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21236215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=GOFFA%3A+Gene+Ontology+For+Functional+Analysis+-+A+FDA+Gene+Ontology+Tool+for+Analysis+of+Genomic+and+Proteomic+Data&rft.au=Sun%2C+Hongmei%3BFang%2C+Hong%3BChen%2C+Tao%3BPerkins%2C+Roger%3BTong%2C+Weida&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Hongmei&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=S23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-7-S2-S23 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; genomics; proteomics; Statistics; Bioinformatics; Computer programs; Gene expression; Statistical analysis; software DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-S2-S23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microarray analysis distinguishes differential gene expression patterns from large and small colony Thymidine kinase mutants of L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells AN - 21235196; 7670780 AB - Background The Thymidine kinase (Tk) mutants generated from the widely used L5178Y mouse lymphoma assay fall into two categories, small colony and large colony. Cells from the large colonies grow at a normal rate while cells from the small colonies grow slower than normal. The relative proportion of large and small colonies after mutagen treatment is associated with a mutagen's ability to induce point mutations and/or chromosomal mutations. The molecular distinction between large and small colony mutants, however, is not clear. Results To gain insights into the underlying mechanisms responsible for the mutant colony phenotype, microarray gene expression analysis was carried out on 4 small and 4 large colony Tk mutant samples. NCTR-fabricated long-oligonucleotide microarrays of 20,000 mouse genes were used in a two-color reference design experiment. The data were analyzed within ArrayTrack software that was developed at the NCTR. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering of the gene expression profiles showed that the samples were clearly separated into two groups based on their colony size phenotypes. The Welch T-test was used for determining significant changes in gene expression between the large and small colony groups and 90 genes whose expression was significantly altered were identified (p 1.5). Using Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA), 50 out of the 90 significant genes were found in the IPA database and mapped to four networks associated with cell growth. Eleven percent of the 90 significant genes were located on chromosome 11 where the Tk gene resides while only 5.6% of the genes on the microarrays mapped to chromosome 11. All of the chromosome 11 significant genes were expressed at a higher level in the small colony mutants compared to the large colony mutants. Also, most of the significant genes located on chromosome 11 were disproportionally concentrated on the distal end of chromosome 11 where the Tk mutations occurred. Conclusion The results indicate that microarray analysis can define cellular phenotypes and identify genes that are related to the colony size phenotypes. The findings suggest that genes in the DNA segment altered by the Tk mutations were significantly up-regulated in the small colony mutants, but not in the large colony mutants, leading to differential expression of a set of growth regulation genes that are related to cell apoptosis and other cellular functions related to the restriction of cell growth. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Han, Tao AU - Wang, Jianyong AU - Tong, Weida AU - Moore, Martha M AU - Fuscoe, James C AU - Chen, Tao AD - 1 Division of Systems Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR, USA, tao.han@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - S9 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House VL - 7 IS - Suppl 2 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Mutagens KW - chromosome 11 KW - Data processing KW - Apoptosis KW - Point mutation KW - Transcription KW - Thymidine kinase KW - DNA microarrays KW - Gene expression KW - Databases KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Colonies KW - ^ATK gene KW - Principal components analysis KW - Gene regulation KW - Protein-tyrosine kinase KW - DNA KW - Bioinformatics KW - Mutation KW - Lymphoma KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21235196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Microarray+analysis+distinguishes+differential+gene+expression+patterns+from+large+and+small+colony+Thymidine+kinase+mutants+of+L5178Y+mouse+lymphoma+cells&rft.au=Han%2C+Tao%3BWang%2C+Jianyong%3BTong%2C+Weida%3BMoore%2C+Martha+M%3BFuscoe%2C+James+C%3BChen%2C+Tao&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Tao&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=S9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-7-S2-S9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colonies; Gene expression; chromosome 11; Protein-tyrosine kinase; Computer programs; Mutagens; Thymidine kinase; Lymphoma; Gene regulation; Apoptosis; DNA microarrays; software; Bioinformatics; Point mutation; Principal components analysis; Data processing; DNA; Mutation; Transcription; ^ATK gene; Databases DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-S2-S9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gene Expression Profiles Distinguish the Carcinogenic Effects of Aristolochic Acid in Target (Kidney) and Non-target (Liver) Tissues in Rats AN - 21234304; 7670794 AB - Background Aristolochic acid (AA) is the active component of herbal drugs derived from Aristolochia species that have been used for medicinal purposes since antiquity. AA, however, induced nephropathy and urothelial cancer in people and malignant tumors in the kidney and urinary tract of rodents. Although AA is bioactivated in both kidney and liver, it only induces tumors in kidney. To evaluate whether microarray analysis can be used for distinguishing the tissue-specific carcinogenicity of AA, we examined gene expression profiles in kidney and liver of rats treated with carcinogenic doses of AA. Results Microarray analysis was performed using the Rat Genome Survey Microarray and data analysis was carried out within ArrayTrack software. Principal components analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis of the expression profiles showed that samples were grouped together according to the tissues and treatments. The gene expression profiles were significantly altered by AA treatment in both kidney and liver (p 1.5). Functional analysis with Ingenuity Pathways Analysis showed that there were many more significantly altered genes involved in cancer-related pathways in kidney than in liver. Also, analysis with Gene Ontology for Functional Analysis (GOFFA) software indicated that the biological processes related to defense response, apoptosis and immune response were significantly altered by AA exposure in kidney, but not in liver. Conclusion Our results suggest that microarray analysis is a useful tool for detecting AA exposure; that analysis of the gene expression profiles can define the differential responses to toxicity and carcinogenicity of AA from kidney and liver; and that significant alteration of genes associated with defense response, apoptosis and immune response in kidney, but not in liver, may be responsible for the tissue-specific toxicity and carcinogenicity of AA. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Chen, Tao AU - Guo, Lei AU - Zhang, Lu AU - Shi, Leming AU - Fang, Hong AU - Sun, Yongming AU - Fuscoe, James C AU - Mei, Nan AD - 1 Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, tao.chen@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - S20 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House VL - 7 IS - Suppl 2 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Data processing KW - Apoptosis KW - Aristolochia KW - Urinary tract KW - Tumors KW - Toxicity KW - urothelial cancer KW - Gene expression KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Principal components analysis KW - Nephropathy KW - Aristolochic acid KW - Liver KW - Kidney KW - Bioinformatics KW - Immune response KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21234304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Gene+Expression+Profiles+Distinguish+the+Carcinogenic+Effects+of+Aristolochic+Acid+in+Target+%28Kidney%29+and+Non-target+%28Liver%29+Tissues+in+Rats&rft.au=Chen%2C+Tao%3BGuo%2C+Lei%3BZhang%2C+Lu%3BShi%2C+Leming%3BFang%2C+Hong%3BSun%2C+Yongming%3BFuscoe%2C+James+C%3BMei%2C+Nan&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Tao&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=S20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-7-S2-S20 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aristolochia; Kidney; Gene expression; Liver; Carcinogenicity; Toxicity; Computer programs; Aristolochic acid; Immune response; Apoptosis; software; Tumors; Bioinformatics; Urinary tract; Nephropathy; Principal components analysis; Data processing; Genomes; urothelial cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-S2-S20 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Short-term prediction of mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Classification of outcomes using random forests AN - 20865260; 6693444 AB - Objective: To identify demographic and clinical characteristics that classify patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) at risk for in- hospital mortality. Methods: Patients hospitalized in California from 1996 to 2000 with a principal diagnosis of SLE (N = 3,839) were identified from a state hospitalization database. As candidate predictors of mortality, we used patient demographic characteristics; the presence or absence of 40 different clinical conditions listed among the discharge diagnoses; and 2 summary indexes derived from the discharge diagnoses, the Charlson Index and the SLE Comorbidity Index. Predictors of patients at increased risk of mortality were identified and validated using random forests, a statistical procedure that is a generalization of single classification trees. Random forests use bootstrapped samples of patients and randomly selected subsets of predictors to create individual classification trees, and this process is repeated to generate multiple trees (a forest). Classification is then done by majority vote across all trees. Results: Of the 3,839 patients, 109 died during hospitalization. Selecting from all available predictors, the random forests had excellent predictive accuracy for classification of death. The mean classification error rate, averaged over 10 forests of 500 trees each, was 11.9%. The most important predictors were the Charlson Index, respiratory failure, SLE Comorbidity Index, age, sepsis, nephritis, and thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: Information on clinical diagnoses can be used to accurately predict mortality among hospitalized patients with SLE. Random forests represent a useful technique to identify the most important predictors from a larger (often much larger) number and to validate the classification. JF - Arthritis Care & Research AU - Ward, Michael M AU - Pajevic, Sinisa AU - Dreyfuss, Jonathan AU - Malley, James D AD - National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, wardm1@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 74 EP - 80 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 55 IS - 1 SN - 0893-7524, 0893-7524 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Systemic lupus erythematosus KW - Mortality KW - Hospitalization KW - Classification tree KW - Random forest KW - Age KW - Statistics KW - Forests KW - Demography KW - Databases KW - Sepsis KW - Thrombocytopenia KW - Classification KW - Nephritis KW - Hospitals KW - J 02400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20865260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arthritis+Care+%26+Research&rft.atitle=Short-term+prediction+of+mortality+in+patients+with+systemic+lupus+erythematosus%3A+Classification+of+outcomes+using+random+forests&rft.au=Ward%2C+Michael+M%3BPajevic%2C+Sinisa%3BDreyfuss%2C+Jonathan%3BMalley%2C+James+D&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arthritis+Care+%26+Research&rft.issn=08937524&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fart.21695 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Demography; Databases; Mortality; Sepsis; Age; Thrombocytopenia; Statistics; Classification; Nephritis; Forests; Systemic lupus erythematosus; Hospitals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.21695 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ZAP-70 in CLL: Towards standardization of a biomarker for patient management: History of clinical cytometry special issue AN - 20400324; 7014993 JF - Cytometry Part B AU - Marti, Gerald AU - Orfao, Alberto AU - Goolsby, Chuck AD - FDA, Bethesda, Maryland, gemarti@helix.nih.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 197 EP - 200 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 70B IS - 4 SN - 1552-4949, 1552-4949 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - CLL KW - ZAP-70 KW - flow cytometry KW - ZAP-70 protein KW - Standardization KW - Chronic lymphatic leukemia KW - biomarkers KW - Cytometry KW - W 30905:Medical Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20400324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cytometry+Part+B&rft.atitle=ZAP-70+in+CLL%3A+Towards+standardization+of+a+biomarker+for+patient+management%3A+History+of+clinical+cytometry+special+issue&rft.au=Marti%2C+Gerald%3BOrfao%2C+Alberto%3BGoolsby%2C+Chuck&rft.aulast=Marti&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=70B&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cytometry+Part+B&rft.issn=15524949&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcyto.b.20137 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ZAP-70 protein; Standardization; biomarkers; Chronic lymphatic leukemia; Cytometry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cyto.b.20137 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mouse lymphoma thymidine kinase gene mutation assay: Follow-up meeting of the international workshop on Genotoxicity testing-Aberdeen, Scotland, 2003-Assay acceptance criteria, positive controls, and data evaluation AN - 20380287; 7763271 AB - The Mouse Lymphoma Assay (MLA) Workgroup of the International Workshop on Genotoxicity Testing (IWGT), comprised of experts from Japan, Europe, and the United States, met on August 29, 2003, in Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom. This meeting of the MLA Workgroup was devoted to reaching a consensus on the appropriate approach to data evaluation and on acceptance criteria for both the positive and negative/vehicle controls. The Workgroup reached consensus on the acceptance criteria for both the agar and microwell versions of the MLA. Recommendations include acceptable ranges for mutant frequency, cloning efficiency, and suspension growth of the negative/vehicle controls and on criteria to define an acceptable positive control response. The recommendation for the determination of a positive/negative test chemical response includes both the requirement that the response exceeds a defined value [the global evaluation factor (GEF)] and that there also be a positive dose-response (evaluated by an appropriate statistical method). JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Moore, Martha M AU - Honma, Masamitsu AU - Clements, Julie AU - Bolcsfoldi, George AU - Burlinson, Brian AU - Cifone, Maria AU - Clarke, Jane AU - Delongchamp, Robert AU - Durward, Robert AU - Fellows, Michael AU - Gollapudi, Bhaskar AU - Hou, Saimei AU - Jenkinson, Peter AU - Lloyd, Melvin AU - Majeska, Jenness AU - Myhr, Brian AU - O'Donovan, Michael AU - Omori, Takashi AU - Riach, Colin AU - San, Richard AU - Stankowski Jr, Leon F AU - Thakur, Ajit K AU - Van Goethem, Freddy AU - Wakuri, Shinobu AU - Yoshimura, Isao AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, MMMoore@nctr.Honma Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - John Wiley & Sons, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Agar KW - Statistics KW - Conferences KW - Point mutation KW - Genotoxicity KW - Cloning KW - Genotoxicity testing KW - Mutant frequency KW - Thymidine kinase KW - Lymphoma KW - Mutagenesis KW - G 07870:Mammals KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20380287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mouse+lymphoma+thymidine+kinase+gene+mutation+assay%3A+Follow-up+meeting+of+the+international+workshop+on+Genotoxicity+testing-Aberdeen%2C+Scotland%2C+2003-Assay+acceptance+criteria%2C+positive+controls%2C+and+data+evaluation&rft.au=Moore%2C+Martha+M%3BHonma%2C+Masamitsu%3BClements%2C+Julie%3BBolcsfoldi%2C+George%3BBurlinson%2C+Brian%3BCifone%2C+Maria%3BClarke%2C+Jane%3BDelongchamp%2C+Robert%3BDurward%2C+Robert%3BFellows%2C+Michael%3BGollapudi%2C+Bhaskar%3BHou%2C+Saimei%3BJenkinson%2C+Peter%3BLloyd%2C+Melvin%3BMajeska%2C+Jenness%3BMyhr%2C+Brian%3BO%27Donovan%2C+Michael%3BOmori%2C+Takashi%3BRiach%2C+Colin%3BSan%2C+Richard%3BStankowski+Jr%2C+Leon+F%3BThakur%2C+Ajit+K%3BVan+Goethem%2C+Freddy%3BWakuri%2C+Shinobu%3BYoshimura%2C+Isao&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Martha&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fem.20159 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agar; Statistics; Conferences; Genotoxicity; Point mutation; Cloning; Genotoxicity testing; Thymidine kinase; Mutant frequency; Lymphoma; Mutagenesis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.20159 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of serial ultrasound to identify periods of fetal growth restriction in relation to neonatal anthropometry AN - 20240549; 7092788 AB - The developmental origins of the health and disease hypothesis suggests that fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a risk factor for several chronic diseases of adulthood. However, most supporting studies use birth weight as a proxy measure of FGR. To examine the relationship between birth weight and FGR, the present study used serial prenatal ultrasound to identify periods of FGR during gestation, and related these periods to birth size and shape. The data in this study included serial prenatal ultrasounds performed on 1,349 high-risk Scandinavian women enrolled in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Successive Small for Gestational Age Births. Fetal growth velocity between ultrasounds was used to identify periods of isolated FGR, and these were studied in relation to anthropometry at birth. FGR was identified in 184 subjects. A control group of 384 subjects without FGR was also identified. Infants with first-trimester FGR (n = 20) had the highest birth weight, ponderal index, and subscapular skinfold thickness. Infants with second- trimester FGR (n = 37) had the highest arm fat percentage. Infants with early third-trimester FGR (n = 55) had the lowest mean birth weight and ponderal index. When infant gender, gestational age, maternal body mass index, and smoking were controlled, birth weight was predicted only by third-trimester FGR (not first- or second-trimester FGR), and arm fat percent was predicted only by second-trimester FGR. These results suggest that birth weight is not a valid indicator of FGR occurring before the third trimester. Body composition may be a more sensitive marker of early FGR. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 18:791-797, 2006. Published 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Human Biology AU - Hemachandra, Anusha H AU - Klebanoff, Mark A AD - Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, hemachaa@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 791 EP - 797 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 1042-0533, 1042-0533 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Birth weight KW - Data processing KW - Gestational age KW - Skinfold thickness KW - Fetuses KW - Anthropometry KW - Ponderal index KW - Smoking KW - Risk factors KW - Risk groups KW - Neonates KW - Body composition KW - Body mass index KW - Ultrasound KW - Infants KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20240549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Human+Biology&rft.atitle=Use+of+serial+ultrasound+to+identify+periods+of+fetal+growth+restriction+in+relation+to+neonatal+anthropometry&rft.au=Hemachandra%2C+Anusha+H%3BKlebanoff%2C+Mark+A&rft.aulast=Hemachandra&rft.aufirst=Anusha&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Human+Biology&rft.issn=10420533&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajhb.20552 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Birth weight; Gestational age; Data processing; Skinfold thickness; Fetuses; Ponderal index; Anthropometry; Smoking; Risk factors; Risk groups; Neonates; Body mass index; Body composition; Ultrasound; Infants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.20552 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying outbreaks of sexually transmitted infection: who cares? AN - 19847042; 7248582 AB - Current routine surveillance schemes for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United Kingdom (UK) are not designed for outbreak identification. Recognising STI outbreaks, therefore, depends almost entirely on the alertness of health professionals. The objective of this study was to explore health professionals' knowledge of, and attitudes towards, identification and investigation of STI outbreaks in Wales. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in Wales in June 2005, and sent a questionnaire to consultants of genitourinary medicine (GUM, n = 11), a consultant microbiologist from each laboratory (n = 14), all consultants in communicable disease control (n = 5), and to epidemiologists of the National Public Health Service (n = 4). Results 26 (76%) of 34 survey recipients responded. Of these, 17 (65%) ranked the investigation of STI outbreaks as important or very important, and 19 (73%) perceived participation in the investigation of an STI outbreak as part of their responsibility. Only six (25%) respondents had actively searched their computer system or patient records for a possible STI outbreak in the previous twelve months, and 15 (63%) had never looked for an outbreak. Of seven GUM physicians who said they had identified at least one STI outbreak, three had never informed public health authorities. Conclusion Prompt identification and coordinated investigation of outbreaks, usually through a multidisciplinary outbreak control team, is central to the control of many infectious diseases. This does not appear to be the case for STIs, which we believe represents a lost opportunity to reduce transmission. Besides improved surveillance methods, a change in culture towards STI outbreaks is needed among health professionals in Wales. JF - BMC Public Health AU - Werber, Dirk AU - Evans, Meirion R AU - Thomas, Daniel Rh AD - Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, National Public Health Service for Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK, werberd@rki.de Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 6 SN - 1471-2458, 1471-2458 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Article No. 264 KW - Inventories KW - Infectious diseases KW - Computers KW - Disease control KW - Infection KW - Public health KW - Disease transmission KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19847042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Identifying+outbreaks+of+sexually+transmitted+infection%3A+who+cares%3F&rft.au=Werber%2C+Dirk%3BEvans%2C+Meirion+R%3BThomas%2C+Daniel+Rh&rft.aulast=Werber&rft.aufirst=Dirk&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Public+Health&rft.issn=14712458&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2458-6-264 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inventories; Infectious diseases; Computers; Disease control; Infection; Disease transmission; Public health DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-6-264 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Update: cohort mortality study of workers highly exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) during the manufacture of electrical capacitors, 1940-1998 AN - 19741072; 7249871 AB - The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health previously reported mortality for a cohort of workers considered highly exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) between 1939 and 1977 at two electrical capacitor manufacturing plants. The current study updated vital status, examined liver and rectal cancer mortality previously reported in excess in this cohort and evaluated mortality from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and cancers of the stomach, intestine, breast, prostate, skin (melanoma) and brain reported to be in excess in other cohort and case-control studies of PCB-exposed persons. Methods Mortality was updated through 1998 for 2572 workers. Age-, gender-, race- and calendar year-adjusted standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using U.S., state and county referent rates. SMRs using U.S. referent rates are reported. Duration of employment was used as a surrogate for exposure. Results Consistent with the previous follow- up, mortality from biliary passage, liver and gall bladder cancer was significantly elevated (11 deaths, SMR 2.11, CI 1.05 - 3.77), but mortality from rectal cancer was not (6 deaths, SMR 1.47, CI 0.54 - 3.21). Among women, mortality from intestinal cancer (24 deaths, SMR 1.89, CI 1.21 - 2.82) and from "other diseases of the nervous system and sense organs", which include Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, (15 deaths, SMR 2.07, CI 1.16 - 3.42) were elevated. There were four ALS deaths, all women (SMR 4.35, CI 1.19-11.14). Mortality was elevated for myeloma (7 deaths, SMR 2.11, CI 0.84 - 4.34), particularly among workers employed 10 years or more (5 deaths, SMR 2.80, CI 0.91 - 6.54). No linear associations between mortality and duration of employment were observed for the cancers of interest. Conclusion This update found that the earlier reported excess in this cohort for biliary, liver and gall bladder cancer persisted with longer follow-up. Excess mortality for intestinal cancer among women was elevated across categories of duration of employment; myeloma mortality was highest among those working 10 years or more. The small numbers of deaths from liver and intestinal cancers, myeloma and nervous system diseases coupled with the lack of an exposure-response relationship with duration of employment preclude drawing definitive conclusions regarding PCB exposure and these causes of death. JF - Environmental Health AU - Prince, Mary M AU - Hein, Misty J AU - Ruder, Avima M AU - Waters, Martha A AU - Laber, Patricia A AU - Whelan, Elizabeth A AD - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluation and Field Studies, Industrywide Studies Branch, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, mmprince12@earthlink.net Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 5 SN - 1476-069X, 1476-069X KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Article No. 13 KW - non-Hodgkin's lymphoma KW - Canker KW - Manufacturing industry KW - employment KW - Rectum KW - Parkinson's disease KW - Myeloma KW - Liver cancer KW - Occupational safety KW - Melanoma KW - Sense organs KW - urinary bladder KW - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma KW - Nervous system KW - Dose-response effects KW - Nervous system diseases KW - Gastric cancer KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - Occupational exposure KW - Mortality KW - Skin KW - Urinary bladder KW - Breast KW - Brain KW - melanoma KW - Organs KW - Cancer KW - Neurodegenerative diseases KW - Movement disorders KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis KW - Liver KW - Intestine KW - Standards KW - Prostate KW - Stomach KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - F 06915:Cancer Immunology KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19741072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Update%3A+cohort+mortality+study+of+workers+highly+exposed+to+polychlorinated+biphenyls+%28PCBs%29+during+the+manufacture+of+electrical+capacitors%2C+1940-1998&rft.au=Prince%2C+Mary+M%3BHein%2C+Misty+J%3BRuder%2C+Avima+M%3BWaters%2C+Martha+A%3BLaber%2C+Patricia+A%3BWhelan%2C+Elizabeth+A&rft.aulast=Prince&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health&rft.issn=1476069X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1476-069X-5-13 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canker; Rectum; Liver cancer; Myeloma; Parkinson's disease; Sense organs; Melanoma; Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; Nervous system; Dose-response effects; Nervous system diseases; Gastric cancer; Occupational exposure; PCB; Mortality; Skin; Urinary bladder; Breast; Brain; Cancer; Neurodegenerative diseases; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; polychlorinated biphenyls; Movement disorders; Intestine; Liver; Prostate; Stomach; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; Manufacturing industry; employment; Occupational safety; melanoma; Organs; urinary bladder; Standards; PCB compounds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-5-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Orphan Drug Designation and Pharmacogenomics: Options and Opportunities AN - 19693868; 7478938 AB - The rapid increase in characterization and understanding of the human genome has had a major impact on the development of therapies for rare diseases. The `inborn errors of metabolism, which are generally rare diseases, are beginning to realize new therapies based on an understanding of disease processes at the genetic level. Likewise, an understanding of acquired genetic errors, as seen in cancer, is allowing for targeted approaches to therapy that are revolutionizing, in many cases, both standards of care and prognosis. Since its inception, the Office of Orphan Products Development has been privileged to witness many of the successes and also the failures of pharmacogenomics as it relates to rare diseases. This approach, from a regulatory standpoint, often calls into question even basic assumptions about disease classification. Phenotypically homogeneous diseases are more frequently becoming `subsetted on the basis of genomics; conversely, overlap of therapeutic mechanisms of action is increasingly seen across seemingly diverse diseases. With the recent completion of sequencing of the human genome, as well as the increasing ease of DNA sequencing, the promise and challenge of the pharmacogenetic approach to treatment will be expected to play an increasingly important role in development of new therapies for both rare and common diseases. JF - BioDrugs AU - Maher, Paul D AU - Haffner, Marlene AD - Office of Orphan Products Development, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 71 EP - 79 PB - Adis International Ltd., 41 Centorian Drive Private Bay 65901, Mairangi Bay Auckland 10 New Zealand, [mailto:sportsmed@adis.co.nz], [URL:http://www.adis.com] VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 1173-8804, 1173-8804 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Orphan drugs KW - Pharmacogenomics KW - Research and development KW - DNA sequencing KW - Classification KW - Vocalization behavior KW - pharmacogenomics KW - Inborn errors of metabolism KW - Prognosis KW - genomics KW - Drugs KW - Pharmacogenetics KW - Cancer KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19693868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioDrugs&rft.atitle=Orphan+Drug+Designation+and+Pharmacogenomics%3A+Options+and+Opportunities&rft.au=Maher%2C+Paul+D%3BHaffner%2C+Marlene&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioDrugs&rft.issn=11738804&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA sequencing; Vocalization behavior; Classification; pharmacogenomics; Inborn errors of metabolism; Prognosis; genomics; Drugs; Cancer; Pharmacogenetics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long working hours, safety, and health: Toward a national research agenda AN - 19526362; 7088637 AB - Background: A significant and growing number of people work long hours. Research examining impacts is limited, but raises concerns about risks to the worker, the family, the employer, and the community. The purpose of this report, which is authored by the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) Long Work Hours Team, is to motivate and guide future research by proposing a framework for studying long work hours and discussing research gaps. Methods: The NORA Long Work Hours Team examined research reports and literature reviews, and gathered input from a conference on long work hours organized by the Team and faculty from University of Maryland. Results and Conclusion: A framework is proposed for long work hours, including determinants, outcomes, and moderating factors of long work hours, suggesting that studies need to include more clear and complete descriptions of work schedules, worker characteristics, and the work environment, and need to consider a wider range of possible health, safety, social and economic outcomes for workers, families, employers, and the community. Additional studies are needed on vulnerable employee groups and those critical to public safety. More studies are also needed to develop interventions and test their effectiveness. Am. J. Ind. Med. 2006. Published 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Caruso, Claire C AU - Bushnell, Tim AU - Eggerth, Donald AU - Heitmann, Anneke AU - Kojola, Bill AU - Newman, Katharine AU - Rosa, Roger R AU - Sauter, Steven L AU - Vila, Bryan AD - Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio, ccaruso@cdc.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 930 EP - 942 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 49 IS - 11 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - overtime KW - work hours KW - work schedule KW - shift work KW - circadian rhythms KW - sleep KW - work schedule tolerance KW - workload KW - occupational diseases KW - occupational exposure KW - occupational injuries KW - occupational research agenda KW - fatigue KW - stress KW - Conferences KW - Reviews KW - Socioeconomics KW - working conditions KW - Occupational health KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19526362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Long+working+hours%2C+safety%2C+and+health%3A+Toward+a+national+research+agenda&rft.au=Caruso%2C+Claire+C%3BBushnell%2C+Tim%3BEggerth%2C+Donald%3BHeitmann%2C+Anneke%3BKojola%2C+Bill%3BNewman%2C+Katharine%3BRosa%2C+Roger+R%3BSauter%2C+Steven+L%3BVila%2C+Bryan&rft.aulast=Caruso&rft.aufirst=Claire&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=930&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20373 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conferences; Reviews; Socioeconomics; working conditions; Occupational health DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20373 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of the viscous properties of skin and subcutaneous tissue in uniaxial stress relaxation tests AN - 19524196; 7232923 AB - Knowledge of viscoelastic properties of soft tissues is essential for the finite element modelling of the stress/strain distributions in finger-pad during vibratory loading, which is important in exploring the mechanism of hand-arm vibration syndrome. In conventional procedures, skin and subcutaneous tissue have to be separated for testing the viscoelastic properties. In this study, a novel method has been proposed to simultaneously determine the viscoelastic properties of skin and subcutaneous tissue in uniaxial stress relaxation tests. A mathematical approach has been derived to obtain the creep and relaxation characteristics of skin and subcutaneous tissue using uniaxial stress relaxation data of skin/subcutaneous composite specimens. The micro-structures of collagen fiber networks in the soft tissue, which underline the tissue mechanical characteristics, will be intact in the proposed method. Therefore, the viscoelastic properties of soft tissues obtained using the proposed method would be more physiologically relevant than those obtained using the conventional method. The proposed approach has been utilized to measure the viscoelastic properties of soft tissues of pig. The relaxation curves of pig skin and subcutaneous tissue obtained in the current study agree well with those in literature. Using the proposed approach, reliable material properties of soft tissues can be obtained in a cost- and time-efficient manner, which simultaneously improves the physiological relevance. JF - Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering AU - Wu, J Z AU - Cutlip, R G AU - Welcome, D AU - Dong, R G AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 53 EP - 66 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0959-2989, 0959-2989 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Vibrations KW - Fibers KW - Skin KW - Stress KW - Soft tissues KW - viscoelasticity KW - Collagen KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19524196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Accident+Analysis+%26+Prevention&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+radar-based+proximity+warning+system+for+off-highway+dump+trucks&rft.au=Ruff%2C+Todd&rft.aulast=Ruff&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Accident+Analysis+%26+Prevention&rft.issn=00014575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aap.2005.07.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Skin; Soft tissues; viscoelasticity; Stress; Fibers; Collagen; Vibrations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a fiberoptic-based system for measurement of optical properties in highly attenuating turbid media AN - 19492006; 7180838 AB - Background - Accurate measurements of the optical properties of biological tissue in the ultraviolet A and short visible wavelengths are needed to achieve a quantitative understanding of novel optical diagnostic devices. Currently, there is minimal information on optical property measurement approaches that are appropriate for in vivo measurements in highly absorbing and scattering tissues. We describe a novel fiberoptic-based reflectance system for measurement of optical properties in highly attenuating turbid media and provide an extensive in vitro evaluation of its accuracy. The influence of collecting reflectance at the illumination fiber on estimation accuracy is also investigated. Methods A neural network algorithm and reflectance distributions from Monte Carlo simulations were used to generate predictive models based on the two geometries. Absolute measurements of diffuse reflectance were enabled through calibration of the reflectance system. Spatially-resolved reflectance distributions were measured in tissue phantoms at 405 nm for absorption coefficients ( mu sub(a)) from 1 to 25 cm super(-1 )and reduced scattering coefficients ([equation]) from 5 to 25 cm super(-1). These data and predictive models were used to estimate the optical properties of tissue-simulating phantoms. Results By comparing predicted and known optical properties, the average errors for mu sub(a )and [equation] were found to be 3.0% and 4.6%, respectively, for a linear probe approach. When bifurcated probe data was included and samples with mu sub(a )values less than 5 cm super(-1 )were excluded, predictive errors for mu sub(a )and [equation] were further reduced to 1.8% and 3.5%. Conclusion Improvements in system design have led to significant reductions in optical property estimation error. While the incorporation of a bifurcated illumination fiber shows promise for improving the accuracy of [equation] estimates, further study of this approach is needed to elucidate the source of discrepancies between measurements and simulation results at low mu sub(a )values. JF - BioMedical Engineering OnLine AU - Sharma, Divyesh AU - Agrawal, Anant AU - Matchette, L Stephanie AU - Pfefer, T Joshua AD - Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 5 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Article No. 49 KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Fibers KW - Reflectance KW - Mathematical models KW - U.V. radiation KW - Illumination KW - Neural networks KW - Optical properties KW - Algorithms KW - Wavelength KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19492006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioMedical+Engineering+OnLine&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+fiberoptic-based+system+for+measurement+of+optical+properties+in+highly+attenuating+turbid+media&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Divyesh%3BAgrawal%2C+Anant%3BMatchette%2C+L+Stephanie%3BPfefer%2C+T+Joshua&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Divyesh&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioMedical+Engineering+OnLine&rft.issn=1475-925X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1475-925X-5-49 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monte Carlo simulation; Fibers; U.V. radiation; Mathematical models; Reflectance; Illumination; Neural networks; Optical properties; Algorithms; Wavelength DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-5-49 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - WindowMasker: window-based masker for sequenced genomes AN - 19438521; 6666395 AB - MOTIVATION: Matches to repetitive sequences are usually undesirable in the output of DNA database searches. Repetitive sequences need not be matched to a query, if they can be masked in the database. RepeatMasker/Maskeraid (RM), currently the most widely used software for DNA sequence masking, is slow and requires a library of repetitive template sequences, such as a manually curated RepBase library, that may not exist for newly sequenced genomes. RESULTS: We have developed a software tool called WindowMasker (WM) that identifies and masks highly repetitive DNA sequences in a genome, using only the sequence of the genome itself. WM is orders of magnitude faster than RM because WM uses a few linear-time scans of the genome sequence, rather than local alignment methods that compare each library sequence with each piece of the genome. We validate WM by comparing BLAST outputs from large sets of queries applied to two versions of the same genome, one masked by WM, and the other masked by RM. Even for genomes such as the human genome, where a good RepBase library is available, searching the database as masked with WM yields more matches that are apparently non-repetitive and fewer matches to repetitive sequences. We show that these results hold for transcribed regions as well. WM also performs well on genomes for which much of the sequence was in draft form at the time of the analysis. AVAILABILITY: WM is included in the NCBI C++ toolkit. The source code for the entire toolkit is available at ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/toolbox/ncbi_tools++/CURRENT/. Once the toolkit source is unpacked, the instructions for building WindowMasker application in the UNIX environment can be found in file src/app/winmasker/README.build. CONTACT: richaelix.nih.gov Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/agarwala/windowmasker/windowmasker_ s uppl.pdf. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Morgulis, Aleksandr AU - Gertz, EMichael AU - Schaeffer, Alejandro A AU - Agarwala, Richa AD - National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services Building 38A, Room 1003N, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 134 EP - 141 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Computer programs KW - Databases KW - software KW - Data processing KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Src protein KW - Bioinformatics KW - Repeated DNA sequences KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19438521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=WindowMasker%3A+window-based+masker+for+sequenced+genomes&rft.au=Morgulis%2C+Aleksandr%3BGertz%2C+EMichael%3BSchaeffer%2C+Alejandro+A%3BAgarwala%2C+Richa&rft.aulast=Morgulis&rft.aufirst=Aleksandr&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Nucleotide sequence; Databases; Computer programs; software; Bioinformatics; Data processing; Repeated DNA sequences; Src protein ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long hours of work in the U.S.: Associations with demographic and organizational characteristics, psychosocial working conditions, and health AN - 19437765; 7088638 AB - Background: There are relatively few studies of large national databases that contain information on working hours and health. The current study involved an analysis of data from a quality of work life (QWL) module developed for the 2002 General Social Survey. This module collected work and health data from a representative sample of the U.S. population (N = 1,744). Methods: Descriptive analyses were conducted for five groups based on total hours worked per week: part-time (1-34 hr/week), full-time (35-40 hr/week), lower overtime (41-48 hr/week), medium overtime (49-69 hr/week), and higher overtime (70+ hr/week). Multiple logistic regression examined the association between these five categories and several measures of health and well-being. Results: Compared to full-time workers, the three groups of overtime workers were more likely to be male, white, and middle-aged, with higher levels of education and income. They were also more likely to be self-employed, salaried, work as independent contractors, have more than one job, and work split/irregular/on-call shifts. Although overtime work was characterized by higher levels of job stress and perceptions of overwork, it was also associated with increased levels of participation in decision making and opportunities to develop special abilities. Several significant associations emerged between hours of work and measures of health and well-being, particularly for respondents in the higher overtime group (70+ hr/week). Conclusion: Overtime workers differ from their part-time and full-time counterparts in several important areas. Some of these differences tended to increase with the number of overtime hours worked, suggesting a linear relationship. However, caution is warranted before generalizing the results of this study to specific occupations or workplaces. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:943-952, 2006. Published 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Grosch, James W AU - Caruso, Claire C AU - Rosa, Roger R AU - Sauter, Steven L AD - Division of Applied Research and Technology, NIOSH, Cincinnati, Ohio, jkg9@cdc.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 943 EP - 952 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 49 IS - 11 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - overtime KW - hours of work KW - General Social Survey KW - psychosocial working conditions KW - physical and mental health KW - occupational injury KW - USA KW - Education KW - Socioeconomics KW - Stress KW - working conditions KW - Occupational health KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19437765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Long+hours+of+work+in+the+U.S.%3A+Associations+with+demographic+and+organizational+characteristics%2C+psychosocial+working+conditions%2C+and+health&rft.au=Grosch%2C+James+W%3BCaruso%2C+Claire+C%3BRosa%2C+Roger+R%3BSauter%2C+Steven+L&rft.aulast=Grosch&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20388 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Education; Stress; Socioeconomics; working conditions; Occupational health; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20388 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrating time-course microarray gene expression profiles with cytotoxicity for identification of biomarkers in primary rat hepatocytes exposed to cadmium AN - 19436693; 6666390 AB - MOTIVATION: DNA microarrays can provide information about the expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously at the transcriptomic level, while conventional cell viability and cytotoxicity measurement methods provide information about the biological functions at the cellular level. Integrating these data at different levels provides a promising approach for evaluating or predicting how cells respond to chemical exposure. It is important to investigate the multi-scale biological system in a systematic way to better understand the gene regulation networks and signal transduction pathways involved in the cellular responses to environmental factors. RESULTS: Primary rat hepatocytes were exposed to cadmium acetate at 0, 1.25 and 2 mu M. mRNA expression profiles at 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h were measured using the Affymetrix RatTox U34 GeneChip registered arrays. Simultaneously, cytotoxicity was assessed by lactase dehydrogenase leakage assay. Gene expression profiles at different time points were used to evaluate cytotoxicity at subsequent time points using partial least squares, and it was found that gene expression profiles at 0 h had the best prediction accuracy for the cytotoxicity observed at 12 h. Some biomarkers whose expression profiles showed strong relationship with cytotoxicity were identified and the underlying pathways were reconstructed to illustrate how hepatocytes respond to cadmium exposure. Permutation studies were also applied to assess the reliability of the predictive models. AVAILABILITY: Matlab source code is available upon request and DNA microarray data are available at GEO (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo). CONTACT: cwang61 super(c)la.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Tan, Yongxi AU - Shi, Leming AU - Hussain, Saber M AU - Xu, Jun AU - Tong, Weida AU - Frazier, John M AU - Wang, Charles AD - Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. Center for Toxicoinformatics, National Center for Toxicological Research FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Applied Biotechnology Branch, US Air Force Research Laboratory WPAFB, OH 45434, USA. David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA Y1 - 2006/01/01/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jan 01 SP - 77 EP - 87 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Leakage KW - Data processing KW - Hepatocytes KW - Lactase KW - Environmental factors KW - Acetic acid KW - biomarkers KW - DNA microarrays KW - dehydrogenase KW - Gene expression KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Gene regulation KW - Cadmium KW - Bioinformatics KW - Signal transduction KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19436693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Integrating+time-course+microarray+gene+expression+profiles+with+cytotoxicity+for+identification+of+biomarkers+in+primary+rat+hepatocytes+exposed+to+cadmium&rft.au=Tan%2C+Yongxi%3BShi%2C+Leming%3BHussain%2C+Saber+M%3BXu%2C+Jun%3BTong%2C+Weida%3BFrazier%2C+John+M%3BWang%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Tan&rft.aufirst=Yongxi&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Leakage; Hepatocytes; Lactase; DNA microarrays; biomarkers; Acetic acid; Environmental factors; dehydrogenase; Gene expression; Cytotoxicity; Gene regulation; Cadmium; Bioinformatics; Signal transduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal stabilization of human albumin by medium- and short-chain n- alkyl fatty acid anions AN - 19426305; 6693264 AB - A comprehensive study of the thermal stabilization of defatted human albumin monomer by n-alkyl fatty acid anions (FAAs), formate through n- decanoate, was carried out by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The concentration of each ligand affording maximum thermal stabilization was determined; n-nonanoate provides the greatest stabilization but is only marginally better than n-octanoate and n-decanoate. The use of reversible thermodynamics and a two-state denaturation model for albumin has been validated. Standard free energies of binding, calculated from increases in free energy of denaturation, for n-butanoate and longer FAAs, are linear with n-alkyl chain length whereas those for formate, acetate, and n- propionate deviate from linearity; those for acetate and n-propionate are even greater than that of n-butanoate, thereby suggesting, in addition to the common class of sites available to all such ligands, the presence of an additional class of lower affinity binding sites available only to these shortest ligands. Competition experiments involving acetate and n-octanoate and involving n-pentanoate and n-octanoate confirmed the binding of acetate to lower affinity sites unavailable to n-octanoate and n- pentanoate. Furthermore, an equation is provided, allowing computation of the transition temperature as a function of the free energy for any reversible process causing a change in thermal stability of a protein undergoing reversible, two-state denaturation. With this equation, modeling the competition experiments by using the binding parameters determined by DSC provides additional support for the class of lower affinity sites, which play a significant role in thermal stabilization of albumin at higher concentrations of these shortest FAAs. JF - Biopolymers AU - Shrake, Andrew AU - Frazier, Douglas AU - Schwarz, Frederick P AD - Division of Hematology, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 29 Lincoln Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, shrake@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 235 EP - 248 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 81 IS - 4 SN - 0006-3525, 0006-3525 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Anions KW - Mathematical models KW - Denaturation KW - Thermodynamics KW - Biopolymers KW - Acetic acid KW - Free energy KW - Monomers KW - Albumin KW - Fatty acids KW - Thermal stability KW - Differential scanning calorimetry KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19426305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biopolymers&rft.atitle=Thermal+stabilization+of+human+albumin+by+medium-+and+short-chain+n-+alkyl+fatty+acid+anions&rft.au=Shrake%2C+Andrew%3BFrazier%2C+Douglas%3BSchwarz%2C+Frederick+P&rft.aulast=Shrake&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biopolymers&rft.issn=00063525&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbip.20406 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acetic acid; Albumin; Free energy; Denaturation; Fatty acids; Mathematical models; Anions; Differential scanning calorimetry; Monomers; Temperature effects; Biopolymers; Thermodynamics; Thermal stability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.20406 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Symptoms associated with asphalt fume exposure among road pavers AN - 19274668; 7014567 AB - Background: Although asphalt fume is a recognized irritant, previous studies of symptoms during asphalt paving have produced inconsistent results. Between 1994 and 1997, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) evaluated workers at seven sites in six states. Methods: NIOSH (a) measured exposures of asphalt paving workers to total (TP) and benzene-soluble particulate (BSP), polycyclic aromatic compounds, and other substances; (b) administered symptom questionnaires pre-shift, every 2 hr during the shift, and post-shift to asphalt exposed and nonexposed workers; and (c) measured peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) of asphalt paving workers when they completed a symptom questionnaire. Results: Full-shift time-weighted average exposures to TP and BSP ranged from 0.01 to 1.30 mg/m super(3) and 0.01 to 0.82 mg/m super(3), respectively. Most BSP concentrations were <0.50 mg/m super(3). Asphalt workers had a higher occurrence rate of throat irritation than nonexposed workers [13% vs. 4%, odds ratio (OR) = 4.0, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-13]. TP, as a continuous variable, was associated with eye (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.12-1.60) and throat (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.06-1.85) symptoms. With TP dichotomous at 0.5 mg/m super(3), the ORs and 95% CIs for eye and throat symptoms were 7.5 (1.1-50) and 15 (2.3-103), respectively. BSP, dichotomous at 0.3 mg/m super(3), was associated with irritant (eye, nose, or throat) symptoms (OR = 11, 95% CI: 1.5-84). One worker, a smoker, had PEFR-defined bronchial lability, which did not coincide with respiratory symptoms. Conclusions: Irritant symptoms were associated with TP and BSP concentrations at or below 0.5 mg/m super(3). Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:728- 739, 2006. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Tepper, Allison L AU - Burr, Gregory A AU - Feng, HAmy AU - Singal, Mitchell AU - Miller, Aubrey K AU - Hanley, Kevin W AU - Olsen, Larry D AD - Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio, atepper@cdc.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 728 EP - 739 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 49 IS - 9 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - asphalt paving KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Inventories KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Pharynx KW - Fumes KW - Eye KW - Benzene KW - Irritation KW - Workers KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Asphalt KW - Nose KW - Respiratory function KW - Lability KW - Construction industry KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19274668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Eye+and+respiratory+symptoms+in+poultry+processing+workers+exposed+to+chlorine+by-products&rft.au=King%2C+Bradley+S%3BPage%2C+Elena+H%3BMueller%2C+Charles+A%3BDollberg%2C+Donald+D%3BGomez%2C+Katherine+E%3BWarren%2C+Angela+M&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20259 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inventories; Workers; Aromatic compounds; Fumes; Pharynx; Eye; Asphalt; Nose; Lability; Irritation; Occupational exposure; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Respiratory function; Benzene; Construction industry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20346 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increasing Prevalences of Overweight and Obesity in Northern Plains American Indian Children AN - 17472396; 6665987 AB - OBJECTIVES: To report prevalences of overweight and obesity in a large sample of American Indian children from a survey in 2002-2003, and to evaluate the change in prevalences since 1995-1996 when children on the same reservations were measured. DESIGN: Analysis of survey data. SETTING: Aberdeen Area Indian Health Service (North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa, and Nebraska). PARTICIPANTS: A total of 11 538 American Indian children (aged 5-17 years) attending 55 schools on 12 reservations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Height and weight measured during the 2002-2003 school year by the same team as in the earlier survey. Prevalences of overweight ( greater than or equal to 85th percentile) and obesity ( greater than or equal to 95th percentile) were calculated on the basis of body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. RESULTS: At 5 years of age, 47% of boys and 41% of girls were overweight, and 24% of the children were obese. Prevalences of overweight and obesity exceeded those for the most recent available data for all US children at almost every age. In the intervening 7 to 8 years between surveys, prevalences of overweight and obesity continued to increase in the children by 4.5% and 4.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalences of overweight and obesity in the most recent sample of American Indian children indicate that they are at even higher risk for these conditions and their health-related sequelae than the best estimates for all US children, with prevalences as high as or higher than those for any other racial or ethnic groups of children reported in the most recent national surveys. JF - Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine AU - Zephier, Elenora AU - Himes, John H AU - Story, Mary AU - Zhou, Xia AD - Aberdeen Area Indian Health Service, Aberdeen, SD (Ms Zephier) Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 34 EP - 39 PB - American Medical Association, 515 N. State St. Chicago IL 60610 USA VL - 160 IS - 1 SN - 1072-4710, 1072-4710 KW - Native Americans KW - Physical Education Index; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Measurement KW - Age KW - Boys KW - Body mass KW - obesity KW - Team sports KW - disease control KW - Public health KW - schools KW - Weight KW - USA, North Dakota KW - Girls KW - prevention KW - Diseases KW - Archives KW - Adolescents KW - Ethnic groups KW - USA, South Dakota KW - Obesity KW - Pediatrics KW - Preventive health KW - Adolescence KW - Height KW - Surveys KW - Children KW - Schools KW - USA, Iowa KW - Analysis KW - USA, Nebraska KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17472396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Pediatrics+%26+Adolescent+Medicine&rft.atitle=Increasing+Prevalences+of+Overweight+and+Obesity+in+Northern+Plains+American+Indian+Children&rft.au=Zephier%2C+Elenora%3BHimes%2C+John+H%3BStory%2C+Mary%3BZhou%2C+Xia&rft.aulast=Zephier&rft.aufirst=Elenora&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Pediatrics+%26+Adolescent+Medicine&rft.issn=10724710&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Obesity; Measurement; Age; Boys; Preventive health; Pediatrics; Adolescence; Body mass; Team sports; Surveys; Height; Children; Schools; Weight; Girls; Analysis; Archives; Diseases; Ethnic groups; schools; prevention; obesity; disease control; Adolescents; Public health; USA, South Dakota; USA, North Dakota; USA, Iowa; USA, Nebraska ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas-phase chemistry of citronellol with ozone and OH radical: Rate constants and products AN - 17239042; 6929812 AB - A bimolecular rate constant, k sub(OH+citronellol), of (170+/-43)x10 super(- 12) cm super(3) molecule super(-1) s super(-1) was measured using the relative rate technique for the reaction of the hydroxyl radical (OH) with 3,7-dimethyl-6- octen-1-ol (citronellol) at (297+/-3) K and 1 atmosphere total pressure. Additionally, a bimolecular rate constant, k sub(O) sub(3+citronellol), of (2.4+/-0.1)x10 super(-16) cm super(3) molecule super(-1) s super(-1), was measured by monitoring the decrease in ozone (O sub(3)) concentration in an excess of citronellol. To more clearly define part of citronellol's indoor environment degradation mechanism, the products of the citronellol+OH and citronellol+O sub(3) reactions were also investigated. The positively identified citronellol/OH and citronellol/O sub(3) reaction products were: acetone, ethanedial (glyoxal, HC(O)C(O)H), and 2-oxopropanal (methylglyoxal, CH sub(3)C(O)C(O)H). The use of derivatizing agents O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine (PFBHA) and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) were used to propose 6-hydroxy-4-methylhexanal as the other major citronellol/OH and citronellol/O sub(3) reaction product. The elucidation of this other reaction product was facilitated by mass spectrometry of the derivatized reaction products coupled with plausible citronellol/OH and citronellol/O sub(3) reaction mechanisms based on previously published volatile organic compound/OH and volatile organic compound/O sub(3) gas-phase reaction mechanisms. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Ham, Jason E AU - Proper, Steven P AU - Wells, J R AD - Exposure Assessment Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA, ozw0@cdc.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 726 EP - 735 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Citronellol KW - 3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol KW - Reaction products KW - Kinetics KW - Oxygenated organic compounds KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Indoor environments KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Ozone KW - Hydroxyl radicals KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17239042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Gas-phase+chemistry+of+citronellol+with+ozone+and+OH+radical%3A+Rate+constants+and+products&rft.au=Ham%2C+Jason+E%3BProper%2C+Steven+P%3BWells%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Ham&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=726&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2005.10.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric chemistry; Mass spectrometry; Indoor environments; Volatile organic compounds; Hydroxyl radicals; Ozone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.10.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality among Workers Exposed to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in an Electrical Capacitor Manufacturing Plant in Indiana: An Update AN - 17235468; 6969766 AB - An Indiana capacitor-manufacturing cohort (n = 3,569) was exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from 1957 to 1977. The original study of mortality through 1984 found excess melanoma and brain cancer; other studies of PCB-exposed individuals have found excess non-Hodgkin lym-phoma and rectal, liver, biliary tract, and gallbladder cancer. Mortality was updated through 1998. Analyses have included standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using rates for Indiana and the United States, standardized rate ratios (SRRs), and Poisson regression rate ratios (RRs). Estimated cumulative exposure calculations used a new job--exposure matrix. Mortality overall was reduced (547 deaths; SMR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.7-0.9). Non-Hodgkin lymphoma mortality was elevated (9 deaths; SMR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.6-2.3). Melanoma remained in excess (9 deaths; SMR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.1-4.6), especially in the lowest tertile of estimated cumulative exposure (5 deaths; SMR, 3.72; 95% CI, 1.2-8.7). Seven of the 12 brain cancer deaths (SMR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.0-3.3) occurred after the original study. Brain cancer mortality increased with exposure (in the highest tertile, 5 deaths; SMR, 2.71; 95% CI, 0.9-6.3); the SRR dose-response trend was significant (p = 0.016). Among those working greater than or equal to 90 days, both melanoma (8 deaths; SMR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.1-5.2) and brain cancer (11 deaths; SMR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.1-3.8) were elevated, especially for women: melanoma, 3 deaths (SMR, 5.99; 95% CI, 1.2-175); brain cancer, 3 deaths (SMR, 2.87; 95% CI, 0.6-8.4). These findings of excess melanoma and brain cancer mortality confirm results of the original study. Melanoma mortality was not associated with estimated cumulative exposure. Brain cancer mortality did not demonstrate a clear dose-response relationship with estimated cumulative exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ruder, A M AU - Hein, MJ AU - Nilsen, N AU - Waters, MA AU - Laber, P AU - Davis-King, K AU - Prince, M M AU - Whelan, E AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Mailstop R-16, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA, amr2@cdc.gov Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 18 EP - 23 VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - electrical capacitors KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - non-Hodgkin's lymphoma KW - Manufacturing industry KW - Rectum KW - Melanoma KW - Dose-response effects KW - PCB compounds KW - Lymphoma KW - PCB KW - Occupational exposure KW - Mortality KW - Brain KW - melanoma KW - Cancer KW - Biliary tract KW - USA, Indiana KW - Gallbladder KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Liver KW - Standards KW - lymphoma KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17235468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mortality+among+Workers+Exposed+to+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls+%28PCBs%29+in+an+Electrical+Capacitor+Manufacturing+Plant+in+Indiana%3A+An+Update&rft.au=Ruder%2C+A+M%3BHein%2C+MJ%3BNilsen%2C+N%3BWaters%2C+MA%3BLaber%2C+P%3BDavis-King%2C+K%3BPrince%2C+M+M%3BWhelan%2C+E&rft.aulast=Ruder&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.8253 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gallbladder; Mortality; Rectum; polychlorinated biphenyls; Liver; Brain; Lymphoma; Biliary tract; Occupational exposure; PCB; Cancer; Melanoma; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; Manufacturing industry; Dose-response effects; Standards; melanoma; lymphoma; PCB compounds; USA, Indiana DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8253 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a radar-based proximity warning system for off-highway dump trucks AN - 17229334; 6931989 AB - A radar-based proximity warning system was evaluated by researchers at the Spokane Research Laboratory of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health to determine if the system would be effective in detecting objects in the blind spots of an off-highway dump truck. An average of five fatalities occur each year in surface mines as a result of an equipment operator not being aware of a smaller vehicle, person or change in terrain near the equipment. Sensor technology that can detect such obstacles and that also is designed for surface mining applications is rare. Researchers worked closely with the radar system manufacturer to test and modify the system on large, off-highway dump trucks at a surface mine over a period of 2 years. The final system was thoroughly evaluated by recording video images from a camera on the rear of the truck and by recording all alarms from the rear-mounted radar. Data show that the system reliably detected small vehicles, berms, people and other equipment. However, alarms from objects that posed no immediate danger were common, supporting the assertion that sensor-based systems for proximity warning should be used in combination with other devices, such as cameras, that would allow the operator to check the source of any alarm. JF - Accident Analysis & Prevention AU - Ruff, Todd AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Spokane Research Laboratory 315 E. Montgomery, Spokane, WA 99207, USA, ter5@cdc.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 92 EP - 98 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0001-4575, 0001-4575 KW - off-highway dump trucks KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Proximity warning KW - Collision avoidance KW - Obstacle detection KW - Mining KW - Safety KW - Mortality KW - Accidents KW - Sensors KW - Radar KW - Occupational safety KW - prevention KW - Trucks KW - Warning systems KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17229334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Accident+Analysis+%26+Prevention&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+radar-based+proximity+warning+system+for+off-highway+dump+trucks&rft.au=Ruff%2C+Todd&rft.aulast=Ruff&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Accident+Analysis+%26+Prevention&rft.issn=00014575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aap.2005.07.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Accidents; Sensors; Occupational safety; Radar; prevention; Trucks; Mining; Warning systems DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2005.07.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenges and opportunities for enhancing biotechnology and technology transfer in developing countries AN - 17217348; 6932628 AB - Biotechnological innovation is gaining increased recognition as an important tool for improving global health. The challenge, however, lies in defining the role of technology transfer to develop therapies for diseases prevalent in developing countries. During the past decade, a large disparity emerged between the developed and developing world in accessing affordable medicines because of the pharmaceutical industry's focus on health areas bearing greatest profits. Discussed herein are several mechanisms that provide partial solutions to this challenge. The Office of Technology Transfer of the US National Institutes of Health has increased its technology licensing pertaining to neglected diseases to partners in developing regions. Establishing partnerships through the transfer of technologies and assisting indigenous institutions build R and D capacity may positively impact policies on protection of intellectual property rights and increase multinational company investments in lesser-developed countries. This will most probably result in the development of more accessible therapies for those in need. JF - Biotechnology Advances AU - Salicrup, Luis A AU - Fedorkova, Lenka AD - Office of the Director/Office of Technology Transfer, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 6011 Executive Boulevard, Suite 325 Rockville, MD 20852, USA, salicrul@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 69 EP - 79 PB - Elsevier Science Inc., Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0734-9750, 0734-9750 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Technology transfer KW - Biomedical innovation KW - License strategies KW - Developing countries KW - Neglected diseases KW - Capacity building KW - International partnerships KW - intellectual property KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - W2 32000:General topics and reviews KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33000:General topics and reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17217348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Advances&rft.atitle=Challenges+and+opportunities+for+enhancing+biotechnology+and+technology+transfer+in+developing+countries&rft.au=Salicrup%2C+Luis+A%3BFedorkova%2C+Lenka&rft.aulast=Salicrup&rft.aufirst=Luis&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Advances&rft.issn=07349750&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biotechadv.2005.06.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - intellectual property; Pharmaceuticals; Technology transfer; Developing countries DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2005.06.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality of workers employed in shoe manufacturing: An update AN - 17189819; 6866751 AB - Background: In the late 1970s, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health identified two shoe manufacturing facilities where workers experienced relatively "pure" exposures to toluene. A mortality study was conducted through December 31, 1982. An original study did not detect elevated leukemia mortality but did detect increased lung cancer mortality. The present study is an update of the mortality of the original cohort. Methods: The study cohort consisted of workers employed 1 month or more between 1940 and 1979 at two Ohio shoe manufacturing plants. Vital status was ascertained through December 31, 1999. Results: Seven thousand eight hundred twenty eight workers, contributing 300,777 person years, were available for analysis. An excess of lung cancer deaths persisted with additional years of follow-up (SMR = 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.19-1.54). Trend tests did not indicate a positive trend between lung cancer risk and duration of employment. Mortality from leukemia was not significantly elevated in the updated analysis. Conclusions: Results indicate a possible association between lung cancer mortality and exposure to chronic, low-levels of organic solvents. Although the strength of this conclusion was weakened by the lack of increasing lung cancer risk in relation to duration of employment, other studies have supported this association. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:535-546, 2006. Published 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Lehman, Everett J AU - Hein, Misty J AD - The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, Industrywide Studies Branch, Cincinnati, Ohio, ELehman@cdc.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 535 EP - 546 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 49 IS - 7 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - shoe manufacturing KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - toluene KW - solvents KW - lung cancer KW - leukemia KW - xylene KW - methyl ethyl ketone KW - dementia KW - Mortality KW - Leukemia KW - Manufacturing industry KW - Toluene KW - Solvents KW - USA, Ohio KW - Occupational exposure KW - Lung cancer KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17189819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Mortality+of+workers+employed+in+shoe+manufacturing%3A+An+update&rft.au=Lehman%2C+Everett+J%3BHein%2C+Misty+J&rft.aulast=Lehman&rft.aufirst=Everett&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20322 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manufacturing industry; Leukemia; Mortality; Toluene; Solvents; Occupational exposure; Lung cancer; USA, Ohio DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20322 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abuse of prescription drugs and the risk of addiction AN - 17179298; 6834644 AB - Abuse of several categories of prescription drugs has increased markedly in the United States in the past decade and is now at alarming levels for certain agents, especially opioid analgesics and stimulants. Prescription drugs of abuse fit into the same pharmacological classes as their non-prescription counterparts. Thus, the potential factors associated with abuse or addiction versus safe therapeutic use of these agents relates to the expected variables: dose, route of administration, co-administration with other drugs, context of use, and expectations. Future scientific work on prescription drug abuse will include identification of clinical practices that minimize the risks of addiction, the development of guidelines for early detection and management of addiction, and the development of clinically effective agents that minimize the risks for abuse. With the high rates of prescription drug abuse among teenagers in the United States, a particularly urgent priority is the investigation of best practices for effective prevention and treatment for adolescents, as well as the development of strategies to reduce diversion and abuse of medications intended for medical use. JF - Drug and Alcohol Dependence AU - Compton, Wilson M AU - Volkow, Nora D AD - National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 6001 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, wcompton@nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - S4 EP - S7 PB - Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd., P.O. Box 85 Limerick Ireland VL - 83 SN - 0376-8716, 0376-8716 KW - prescription drugs KW - Risk Abstracts KW - Prescription drug abuse KW - Drug dependence KW - Addiction KW - Opioid analgesic KW - USA KW - Prevention KW - Drug abuse KW - Drugs KW - Side effects KW - Adolescents KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17179298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+Alcohol+Dependence&rft.atitle=Abuse+of+prescription+drugs+and+the+risk+of+addiction&rft.au=Compton%2C+Wilson+M%3BVolkow%2C+Nora+D&rft.aulast=Compton&rft.aufirst=Wilson&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+Alcohol+Dependence&rft.issn=03768716&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.drugalcdep.2005.10.020 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prevention; Drug abuse; Drugs; Adolescents; Side effects; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.10.020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure-activity relationships of substituted N-benzyl piperidines in the GBR series: Synthesis of 4-(2-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy)ethyl)-1-(2- trifluoromethylbenzyl)piperidine, an allosteric modulator of the serotonin transporter AN - 17149523; 6819038 AB - A series of 4-(2-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy)ethyl)-(substituted benzyl) piperidines with substituents at the ortho and meta positions in the aromatic ring of the N-benzyl side chain were synthesized and their affinities and selectivities for the dopamine transporter (DAT), serotonin transporter (SERT), and norepinephrine transporter (NET) were determined. One analogue, 4-(2-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy)ethyl)-1-(2- trifluoromethylbenzyl)piperidine (the C sub(2)-trifluoromethyl substituted compound), has been found to act as an allosteric modulator of hSERT binding and function. It had little affinity for any of the transporters. Several compounds showed affinity for the DAT in the low nanomolar range and displayed a broad range of SERT/DAT selectivity ratios and very little affinity for the NET. The pharmacological tools provided by the availability of compounds with varying transporter affinity and selectivity could be used to obtain additional information about the properties a compound should have to act as a useful pharmacotherapeutic agent for cocaine addiction and help unravel the pharmacological mechanisms relevant to stimulant abuse. JF - Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry AU - Boos, Terrence L AU - Greiner, Elisabeth AU - Calhoun, WJason AU - Prisinzano, Thomas E AU - Nightingale, Barbara AU - Dersch, Christina M AU - Rothman, Richard B AU - Jacobson, Arthur E AU - Rice, Kenner C AD - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Building 8, Room B1-23, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, kr21f@nih.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 3967 EP - 3973 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 14 IS - 11 SN - 0968-0896, 0968-0896 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - N-Benzyl GBR analogue synthesis KW - SAR KW - Allosteric inhibitor KW - DAT, SERT, NET transporters KW - Cocaine treatment agent KW - Dopamine transporter KW - Piperidine KW - Norepinephrine transporter KW - Pharmacology KW - Allosteric properties KW - Stimulants KW - Serotonin transporter KW - Drug addiction KW - Cocaine KW - Structure-activity relationships KW - Aromatics KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33390:Products: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17149523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Structure-activity+relationships+of+substituted+N-benzyl+piperidines+in+the+GBR+series%3A+Synthesis+of+4-%282-%28bis%284-fluorophenyl%29methoxy%29ethyl%29-1-%282-+trifluoromethylbenzyl%29piperidine%2C+an+allosteric+modulator+of+the+serotonin+transporter&rft.au=Boos%2C+Terrence+L%3BGreiner%2C+Elisabeth%3BCalhoun%2C+WJason%3BPrisinzano%2C+Thomas+E%3BNightingale%2C+Barbara%3BDersch%2C+Christina+M%3BRothman%2C+Richard+B%3BJacobson%2C+Arthur+E%3BRice%2C+Kenner+C&rft.aulast=Boos&rft.aufirst=Terrence&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3967&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry&rft.issn=09680896&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20388 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dopamine transporter; Piperidine; Pharmacology; Norepinephrine transporter; Allosteric properties; Stimulants; Cocaine; Drug addiction; Serotonin transporter; Structure-activity relationships; Aromatics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2006.01.065 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute pesticide-related illness among emergency responders, 1993-2002 AN - 17145072; 6802141 AB - Background: Emergency responders are among the first to arrive at a pesticide-related release event. Magnitude, severity, and risk factor information on acute pesticide poisoning among those workers is needed. Methods: Survey data collected from the SENSOR-Pesticides, CDPR and HSEES programs between 1993 and 2002 from 21 states were reviewed. Acute occupational pesticide-related illness incidence rates for each category of emergency responder were calculated, as were incidence rate ratios (IRR) among emergency responders compared to all other workers employed in non-agricultural industries. Results: A total of 291 cases were identified. Firefighters accounted for 111 cases (38%), law enforcement officers for 104 cases (36%), emergency medical technicians for 34 cases (12%), and 42 cases (14%) were unspecified emergency responders. Among the 200 cases with information on activity responsible for exposure, most were exposed while performing activities related to a pesticide release event (84%) and not involving patient care, while the remainder involved exposure to pesticide-contaminated patients. A majority of cases were exposed to insecticides (51%). Most had low severity illnesses (90%). The incidence rate was highest for firefighters (39.1/million) and law enforcement officers (26.6/million). The IRRs were also elevated for these professions (firefighters, IRR = 2.67; law enforcement officers, IRR = 1.69). Conclusions: The findings suggest the need for greater efforts to prevent acute occupational pesticide-related illness among emergency responders. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:383-393, 2006. Published 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Calvert, Geoffrey M AU - Barnett, Margot AU - Mehler, Louise N AU - Becker, Alan AU - Das, Rupali AU - Beckman, John AU - Male, Dorilee AU - Sievert, Jennifer AU - Thomsen, Catherine AU - Morrissey, Barbara AD - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio, jac6@cdc.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 383 EP - 393 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 49 IS - 5 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - pesticides KW - poisoning KW - police KW - fire KW - emergency medical technicians KW - firefighter services KW - Poisoning KW - Workers KW - Insecticides KW - Reviews KW - Risk factors KW - Pesticides KW - Occupational exposure KW - Emergency medical services KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - H 5000:Pesticides UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17145072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Acute+pesticide-related+illness+among+emergency+responders%2C+1993-2002&rft.au=Calvert%2C+Geoffrey+M%3BBarnett%2C+Margot%3BMehler%2C+Louise+N%3BBecker%2C+Alan%3BDas%2C+Rupali%3BBeckman%2C+John%3BMale%2C+Dorilee%3BSievert%2C+Jennifer%3BThomsen%2C+Catherine%3BMorrissey%2C+Barbara&rft.aulast=Calvert&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20286 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Workers; Insecticides; Risk factors; Pesticides; Poisoning; firefighter services; Reviews; Occupational exposure; Emergency medical services DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20286 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eye and respiratory symptoms in poultry processing workers exposed to chlorine by-products AN - 17066685; 6694577 AB - Background: CDC/NIOSH responded to a request to investigate complaints of eye and respiratory irritation among workers in a poultry processing facility's evisceration department. Methods: Investigators administered symptom questionnaires and sampled for chlorine and chloramines. Spirometry was performed on workers before and after their work shift. Results: Symptoms were significantly more prevalent in evisceration workers than in dark meat workers (a control group). Air concentrations of chloramine compounds (i.e., trichloramine and "soluble chlorine") were significantly higher in the evisceration area than the dark meat area. Exposure levels were significantly higher for employees reporting various symptoms compared to employees not reporting those symptoms. Mean trichloramine exposure concentrations were significantly higher in workers with significant cross-shift declines in lung function; air concentrations of "soluble chlorine" were higher as well, however, not significantly so. Conclusions: Results of this evaluation suggest a health hazard may exist from exposure to chloramines. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:119-126, 2006. Published 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - King, Bradley S AU - Page, Elena H AU - Mueller, Charles A AU - Dollberg, Donald D AU - Gomez, Katherine E AU - Warren, Angela M AD - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies (DSHEFS), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Mailstop R-11, Cincinnati, Ohio, bking1@cdc.gov Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 119 EP - 126 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - chloramines KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - poultry processing KW - chlorine KW - trichloramines KW - eye irritation KW - respiratory irritation KW - Poultry KW - shift work KW - poultry KW - Eye KW - Byproducts KW - Chlorine KW - Irritation KW - Meat KW - Workers KW - Food processing industry KW - Lung KW - Respiratory function KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - X 24154:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17066685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Eye+and+respiratory+symptoms+in+poultry+processing+workers+exposed+to+chlorine+by-products&rft.au=King%2C+Bradley+S%3BPage%2C+Elena+H%3BMueller%2C+Charles+A%3BDollberg%2C+Donald+D%3BGomez%2C+Katherine+E%3BWarren%2C+Angela+M&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20259 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Meat; Workers; Poultry; Eye; Lung; Chlorine; Irritation; Occupational exposure; shift work; poultry; Food processing industry; Byproducts; Respiratory function DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20259 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of biomarkers in surveillance, medical screening, and intervention. AN - 68862870; 16051280 AB - Building on mechanistic information, much of molecular epidemiologic research has focused on validating biomarkers, that is, assessing their ability to accurately indicate exposure, effect, disease, or susceptibility. To be of use in surveillance, medical screening, or interventions, biomarkers must already be validated so that they can be used as outcomes or indicators that can serve a particular function. In surveillance, biomarkers can be used as indicators of hazard, exposure, disease, and population risk. However, to obtain rates for these measures, the population at risk will need to be assessed. In medical screening, biomarkers can serve as early indicators of disease in asymptomatic people. This allows for the identification of those who should receive diagnostic confirmation and early treatment. In intervention (which includes risk assessment and communication, risk management, and various prevention efforts), biomarkers can be used to assess the effectiveness of a prevention or control strategy as well as help determine whether the appropriate individuals are assigned to the correct intervention category. Biomarkers can be used to provide group and individual risk assessments that can be the basis for marshalling resources. Critical for using biomarkers in surveillance, medical screening, and intervention is the justification that the biomarkers can provide information not otherwise accessible by a less expensive and easier-to-obtain source of information, such as medical records, surveys, or vital statistics. The ability to use validated biomarkers in surveillance, medical screening, and intervention will depend on the extent to which a strategy for evidence-based procedures for biomarker knowledge transfer can be developed and implemented. This will require the interaction of researchers and decision-makers to collaborate on public health and medical issues. JF - Mutation research AU - Schulte, Paul A AD - NIOSH Taft Laboratories, 4676 Columbia Parkway, MS-C14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA. pas4@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/12/30/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 30 SP - 155 EP - 163 VL - 592 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Diagnosis KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Disease Susceptibility KW - Humans KW - Prognosis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Molecular Epidemiology -- methods KW - Mass Screening -- methods KW - Biomarkers -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68862870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=The+use+of+biomarkers+in+surveillance%2C+medical+screening%2C+and+intervention.&rft.au=Schulte%2C+Paul+A&rft.aulast=Schulte&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2005-12-30&rft.volume=592&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-11 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunogenetic factors in beryllium sensitization and chronic beryllium disease. AN - 68862347; 16054169 AB - Exposure to beryllium in the workplace can cause beryllium sensitization and chronic beryllium disease. Sensitization to beryllium can be detected in the laboratory using the beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test. It was shown that anti-HLA antibodies could block the beryllium-specific response in the beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test, thereby implicating HLA genes in chronic beryllium disease. A supratypic genetic marker, HLA-DPB1*E69, was found to be strongly associated with immunologic sensitization to beryllium and chronic beryllium disease in beryllium workers. However, there are 40 HLA-DPB1 gene variants that have E69 but that also have other DNA sequence variations. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the evidence for potential differential susceptibility that may be associated with the physical characteristics of HLA protein molecules for which different HLA-DPB1*E69 variants code; that is, do some HLA-DPB1*E69 variants convey higher risk of beryllium sensitization and chronic beryllium disease than others. To do this, two approaches were pursued: first, detailed analysis of the findings from the published literature was performed, and second, computational chemistry was used to seek clues concerning the physical properties of the HLA protein molecules for which these alleles code. Among the 40 HLA-DPB1 gene variants that code for E69, molecular epidemiological studies have suggested a risk hierarchy, where some variants appear to convey low to moderate risk of chronic beryllium disease (e.g., HLA-DPB1*0201, approximately 3-fold increased risk), some convey an intermediate risk (e.g., HLA-DPB1*1901, approximately 5-fold) and others convey high risk (e.g., HLA-DPB1*1701, >10-fold). Molecular modeling has been used to further investigate a potential mechanistic basis for these observations. We found a strong correlation between the hierarchical order of risk of chronic beryllium disease associated with specific alleles and the predicted surface electrostatic potential and charge of the corresponding isotypes. Therefore, when alleles were grouped by the relative negative charge on the molecules for which they code, the data suggest that those alleles associated with the most negatively charged proteins carry the greatest risk of beryllium sensitization and disease. JF - Mutation research AU - Weston, Ainsley AU - Snyder, James AU - McCanlies, Erin C AU - Schuler, Christine R AU - Andrew, Michael E AU - Kreiss, Kathleen AU - Demchuk, Eugene AD - Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Mailstop L-3014, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA. agw8@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/12/30/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 30 SP - 68 EP - 78 VL - 592 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - HLA Antigens KW - 0 KW - Beryllium KW - OW5102UV6N KW - Index Medicus KW - HLA Antigens -- chemistry KW - Models, Molecular KW - Humans KW - HLA Antigens -- immunology KW - Immunization KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Berylliosis -- immunology KW - Immunogenetics KW - Beryllium -- immunology KW - Berylliosis -- genetics KW - Beryllium -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68862347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Immunogenetic+factors+in+beryllium+sensitization+and+chronic+beryllium+disease.&rft.au=Weston%2C+Ainsley%3BSnyder%2C+James%3BMcCanlies%2C+Erin+C%3BSchuler%2C+Christine+R%3BAndrew%2C+Michael+E%3BKreiss%2C+Kathleen%3BDemchuk%2C+Eugene&rft.aulast=Weston&rft.aufirst=Ainsley&rft.date=2005-12-30&rft.volume=592&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-11 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enumeration and detection of aerosolized Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium chrysogenum conidia and hyphae using a novel double immunostaining technique AN - 20733888; 6637954 AB - The identification of collected airborne unicellular fungal conidia and hyphae using nonviable techniques is subjective and an imprecise process. Similarly, to determine whether an individual is allergic to a particular genus requires a separate immunodiagnostic analysis. This study demonstrates the development of a novel double immunostaining halogen assay, which enables (1) the simultaneous identification of collected airborne fungal conidia and hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium chrysogenum using monoclonal antibodies and (2) the demonstration of patient-specific allergy to the same particles using human serum IgE. The results demonstrate that when conidia were ungerminated the binding of antibodies was homogeneous and localized in close proximity around the entire conidia for both species. However, when conidia were germinated, the proportion expressing antigen increased (P<0.0001) for both species and the sites of binding of the two antibodies changed with double immunostaining restricted to the hyphal tips for A. fumigatus, in addition to the sites of germination for P. chrysogenum. The described immunoassay has the potential to identify fungal particles in personal environmental air samples, provided species-specific monoclonal antibodies are available, while simultaneously demonstrating allergic sensitization to the same particles by co-staining the samples with the patient's own serum. Such an immunoassay can use those fungi that the patient is actually exposed to and potentially avoids many problems associated with extract variability based on the performance of current diagnostic techniques for fungal allergy. JF - Journal of Immunological Methods AU - Green, B J AU - Schmechel, D AU - Sercombe, J K AU - Tovey, E R AD - The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia, Brett.Green@cdc.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/12/20/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 20 SP - 127 EP - 134 VL - 307 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-1759, 0022-1759 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Germination KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Halogens KW - Hyphal tips KW - Fungi KW - Hyphae KW - Penicillium chrysogenum KW - Conidia KW - Hypersensitivity KW - Aspergillus fumigatus KW - Immunoglobulin E KW - Immunoassays KW - K 03350:Immunology KW - F 06706:Cell-related methods KW - A 01117:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20733888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunological+Methods&rft.atitle=Enumeration+and+detection+of+aerosolized+Aspergillus+fumigatus+and+Penicillium+chrysogenum+conidia+and+hyphae+using+a+novel+double+immunostaining+technique&rft.au=Green%2C+B+J%3BSchmechel%2C+D%3BSercombe%2C+J+K%3BTovey%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-12-20&rft.volume=307&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immunological+Methods&rft.issn=00221759&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jim.2005.10.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Germination; Hypersensitivity; Hyphal tips; Halogens; Monoclonal antibodies; Immunoglobulin E; Fungi; Hyphae; Conidia; Immunoassays; Aspergillus fumigatus; Penicillium chrysogenum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2005.10.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hormone therapy for the prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal women. AN - 68910567; 16370410 JF - American family physician AU - Guirguis-Blake, Janelle AD - US Preventive Services Task Force Center for Primary Care, Prevention, and Clinical Partnership, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, USA. Y1 - 2005/12/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 15 SP - 2520 EP - 2522 VL - 72 IS - 12 SN - 0002-838X, 0002-838X KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk KW - Probability KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Chronic Disease KW - Dementia -- chemically induced KW - Stroke -- chemically induced KW - Female KW - Postmenopause KW - Estrogen Replacement Therapy -- adverse effects KW - Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68910567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+family+physician&rft.atitle=Hormone+therapy+for+the+prevention+of+chronic+conditions+in+postmenopausal+women.&rft.au=Guirguis-Blake%2C+Janelle&rft.aulast=Guirguis-Blake&rft.aufirst=Janelle&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2520&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+family+physician&rft.issn=0002838X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Seaport: Improving Biotoxin Management Through Citizen Involvement T2 - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AN - 39874473; 4058667 JF - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AU - Hall, S AU - Conrad, S AU - Etheridge, S AU - Deeds, J Y1 - 2005/12/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 15 KW - Harbors KW - Biological poisons KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39874473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Seaport%3A+Improving+Biotoxin+Management+Through+Citizen+Involvement&rft.au=Hall%2C+S%3BConrad%2C+S%3BEtheridge%2C+S%3BDeeds%2C+J&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pacifichem.org/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Simultaneous Measurement of Bacillus Thuringiensis Cry 1A(b) and Cry 3B Proteins in Corn Extracts T2 - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AN - 39788213; 4057802 JF - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AU - Sammons, D AU - Biagini, R AU - Smith, J P AU - MacKenzie, B A AU - Striley, C A AU - Robertson, S A AU - Snawder, J E AU - Ferguson, B S AU - Larkin, K A Y1 - 2005/12/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 15 KW - Biological control KW - Bacillus thuringiensis KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39788213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+Measurement+of+Bacillus+Thuringiensis+Cry+1A%28b%29+and+Cry+3B+Proteins+in+Corn+Extracts&rft.au=Sammons%2C+D%3BBiagini%2C+R%3BSmith%2C+J+P%3BMacKenzie%2C+B+A%3BStriley%2C+C+A%3BRobertson%2C+S+A%3BSnawder%2C+J+E%3BFerguson%2C+B+S%3BLarkin%2C+K+A&rft.aulast=Sammons&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pacifichem.org/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Receptor Binding Assay for Paralytic Shellfish Poisons: Progress Toward the Implementation of a Sensitive, High Throughput Detection Method for Marine Biotoxin Management T2 - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AN - 39784654; 4058770 JF - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AU - Hall, S AU - Etheridge, S M AU - Deeds, J AU - Conrad, S M AU - Van Dolah, F AU - Strichartz, G R AU - Moczydlowski, E AU - Mazzola, E P AU - Lam, Y F Y1 - 2005/12/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 15 KW - Shellfish KW - Biological poisons KW - Paralytic shellfish poisoning KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39784654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Receptor+Binding+Assay+for+Paralytic+Shellfish+Poisons%3A+Progress+Toward+the+Implementation+of+a+Sensitive%2C+High+Throughput+Detection+Method+for+Marine+Biotoxin+Management&rft.au=Hall%2C+S%3BEtheridge%2C+S+M%3BDeeds%2C+J%3BConrad%2C+S+M%3BVan+Dolah%2C+F%3BStrichartz%2C+G+R%3BMoczydlowski%2C+E%3BMazzola%2C+E+P%3BLam%2C+Y+F&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pacifichem.org/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Analysis of Oligomeric Organosilsesquioxanes by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry T2 - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AN - 39779995; 4060520 JF - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AU - Farahani, M AU - Guttman, C M AU - Wallace, W E AU - Antonucci, J M Y1 - 2005/12/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 15 KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39779995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Oligomeric+Organosilsesquioxanes+by+MALDI-TOF+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.au=Farahani%2C+M%3BGuttman%2C+C+M%3BWallace%2C+W+E%3BAntonucci%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Farahani&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pacifichem.org/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Increasing National and International Role of Microbial Risk Assessment in Managing Microbiological Food Safety Risks T2 - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AN - 39779717; 4058641 JF - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AU - Buchanan, R L Y1 - 2005/12/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 15 KW - Risk assessment KW - Public health KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39779717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Increasing+National+and+International+Role+of+Microbial+Risk+Assessment+in+Managing+Microbiological+Food+Safety+Risks&rft.au=Buchanan%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Buchanan&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pacifichem.org/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Improving Seafood Safety in the Pacific: The Marine and Freshwater Toxins AOAC Analytical Community and Task Force T2 - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AN - 39768429; 4058669 JF - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AU - Hungerford, J Y1 - 2005/12/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 15 KW - Pacific KW - Seafood KW - Toxins KW - Freshwater environments KW - Public health KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39768429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Improving+Seafood+Safety+in+the+Pacific%3A+The+Marine+and+Freshwater+Toxins+AOAC+Analytical+Community+and+Task+Force&rft.au=Hungerford%2C+J&rft.aulast=Hungerford&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pacifichem.org/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Application of Flow Cytometry and Voltage Sensitive Dyes for the Detection of Marine Toxins Active at the Voltage-gated Sodium Channel T2 - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AN - 39758601; 4059276 JF - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AU - Manger, R AU - Woodle, D AU - Berger, A AU - Hungerford, J M Y1 - 2005/12/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 15 KW - Sodium channels (voltage-gated) KW - Channels KW - Dyes KW - Toxins KW - Flow cytometry KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39758601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Application+of+Flow+Cytometry+and+Voltage+Sensitive+Dyes+for+the+Detection+of+Marine+Toxins+Active+at+the+Voltage-gated+Sodium+Channel&rft.au=Manger%2C+R%3BWoodle%2C+D%3BBerger%2C+A%3BHungerford%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Manger&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pacifichem.org/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ciguatera Outbreaks: Case Studies Using Functional Assay Screening and LC-MS/MRM Confirmation T2 - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AN - 39711173; 4059278 JF - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AU - Dickey, R W Y1 - 2005/12/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 15 KW - Outbreaks KW - Ciguatera KW - Screening KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39711173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioMedical+Engineering+OnLine&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+fiberoptic-based+system+for+measurement+of+optical+properties+in+highly+attenuating+turbid+media&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Divyesh%3BAgrawal%2C+Anant%3BMatchette%2C+L+Stephanie%3BPfefer%2C+T+Joshua&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Divyesh&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioMedical+Engineering+OnLine&rft.issn=1475-925X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1475-925X-5-49 L2 - http://www.pacifichem.org/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Regulatory Perspective of Polymeric Materials. T2 - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AN - 39673003; 4060748 DE: JF - 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2005) AU - Basaran, S N Y1 - 2005/12/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 15 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39673003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Regulatory+Perspective+of+Polymeric+Materials.&rft.au=Basaran%2C+S+N&rft.aulast=Basaran&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+International+Chemical+Congress+of+Pacific+Basin+Societies+%28PACIFICHEM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pacifichem.org/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlates of Oxidative Stress and Free-Radical Activity in Serum from Asymptomatic Shipyard Welders AN - 17136751; 6788066 AB - Oxidative stress is believed to play a key role in the development of welding-induced disease. This study investigated the effects of welding fume exposure on correlates of oxidative stress in the serum of asymptomatic shipyard welders. Blood samples from 197 male welders and 150 unexposed male office workers were analyzed for manganese and lead. Serum was assayed for protein, albumin, total antioxidant status (TAS), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), aconitase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), heat shock protein 70, isoprostane, and reactive oxygen species, using electron spin resonance and chemiluminescence. Comparisons between welders and control subjects on biomarkers of oxidative stress were made, and evaluated for the effects of age and smoking. Associations between blood levels of manganese and lead and biomarkers were also explored. Welding was associated with increases in serum protein, GPx, aconitase, TAS, and isoprostane levels compared with control subjects. These group differences were not altered by age or smoking. In welders and control subjects, age was significantly associated with changes in albumin, TAS, chemiluminescence, GPx, and Mn-SOD. In welders and control subjects, smoking resulted in a decrease in GPx, and in a significant interaction between smoking and chemiluminescence. There were significant correlations between manganese levels in welders' blood and chemiluminescence, GPx, and Mn-SOD, and between lead levels and albumin, TAS, GPx, and Mn-SOD. These results document that exposure to welding can cause changes in serum biomarkers of oxidative stress that may be valuable in clinical monitoring of disease development and in assessing whether further reduction of worker exposures is needed. JF - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine AU - Han, Sung Gu AU - Kim, Yangho AU - Kashon, M L AU - Pack, D L AU - Castranova, V AU - Vallyathan, V AD - NIOSH/CDC, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA, vav1@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/12/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 15 SP - 1541 EP - 1548 VL - 172 IS - 12 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - shipyards KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Smoking KW - Antioxidants KW - Fumes KW - Stress KW - Proteins KW - Welding KW - Chemiluminescence KW - Manganese KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17136751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.atitle=Correlates+of+Oxidative+Stress+and+Free-Radical+Activity+in+Serum+from+Asymptomatic+Shipyard+Welders&rft.au=Han%2C+Sung+Gu%3BKim%2C+Yangho%3BKashon%2C+M+L%3BPack%2C+D+L%3BCastranova%2C+V%3BVallyathan%2C+V&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Sung&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/10.1164%2Frccm.200409-1222OC LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Smoking; Fumes; Antioxidants; Welding; Proteins; Stress; Chemiluminescence; Manganese; Occupational exposure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200409-1222OC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modulation of apoptosis by cancer chemopreventive agents. AN - 68826479; 16137721 AB - A review of almost 2000 studies showed that the large majority of 39 putative cancer chemopreventive agents induced "spontaneous" apoptosis. Inhibition of the programmed cell death triggered by a variety of stimuli was consistently reported only with ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). We performed experimental studies in rodents exposed to cigarette smoke, either mainstream (MCS) or environmental (ECS), and UV-A/B-containing light. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug sulindac did not affect the apoptotic process in the skin of light-exposed mice and in the lungs of ECS-exposed mice. Likewise, 5,6-benzoflavone, indole-3-carbinol, 1,2-dithiole-3-thione and oltipraz failed to modulate apoptosis in the respiratory tract of ECS-exposed rats. Phenethyl isothiocyanate further enhanced the frequency of apoptosis in pulmonary alveolar macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells, and upregulated several genes in the lung of ECS-exposed rats. Both individually and in combination with oltipraz, NAC inhibited apoptosis in the respiratory tract of rats exposed either to MCS or ECS. Moreover, NAC attenuated the ECS-related overexpression of proapoptotic genes and normalized the levels of proapoptotic proteins in rat lung. The transplacental administration of NAC to mice considerably attenuated gene overexpression in the liver of fetuses exposed to ECS throughout pregnancy. Inhibition of apoptosis by chemopreventive agents reflects their ability to counteract certain upstream signals, such as genotoxic damage, redox imbalances, and other forms of cellular stress that trigger apoptosis. On the other hand, enhancement of apoptosis is a double-edged sword, since it represents a protective mechanism in carcinogenesis but may contribute to the pathogenesis of other degenerative diseases. We suggest that stimulation of apoptosis by so many chemopreventive agents, as reported in the literature, may often reflect the occurrence of toxic effects at high doses. JF - Mutation research AU - D'Agostini, Francesco AU - Izzotti, Alberto AU - Balansky, Roumen M AU - Bennicelli, Carlo AU - De Flora, Silvio AD - Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, via A. Pastore 1, I-16132 Genoa, Italy. fda@unige.it Y1 - 2005/12/11/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 11 SP - 173 EP - 186 VL - 591 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - Smoke KW - Sulindac KW - 184SNS8VUH KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Respiratory System -- metabolism KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Mice, Nude KW - Respiratory System -- pathology KW - Epithelium -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - In Situ Nick-End Labeling KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Epithelium -- physiology KW - Tobacco KW - Sulindac -- pharmacology KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Light KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Respiratory System -- drug effects KW - Apoptosis -- genetics KW - Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Apoptosis -- physiology KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Neoplasms -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68826479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Modulation+of+apoptosis+by+cancer+chemopreventive+agents.&rft.au=D%27Agostini%2C+Francesco%3BIzzotti%2C+Alberto%3BBalansky%2C+Roumen+M%3BBennicelli%2C+Carlo%3BDe+Flora%2C+Silvio&rft.aulast=D%27Agostini&rft.aufirst=Francesco&rft.date=2005-12-11&rft.volume=591&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-09-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of estrogenic and androgenic activities of tetramethrin in vitro and in vivo assays. AN - 68867912; 16326440 AB - Tetramethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, is used globally for agriculture, and thus potential environmental exposure to tetramethrin is a concern. Environmental chemicals that are hormonally active (particularly estrogen or androgen) may adversely affect the reproductive and endocrine systems. However, little is known about the estrogenic and androgenic activities of tetramethrin. In this study, uterine CaBP-9k gene expression assay and a uterotrophic assay were conducted for estrogenic activity assessment of tetramethrin, and a Hershberger assay was conducted for androgenic activity. Estrogen receptor (ERalpha and ERbeta) protein levels were also measured in tetramethrin-treated rat uteri. Northern blot analysis showed reduction in uterine CaBP-9k mRNA levels in response to tetramethrin, as well as when rats were given both tetramethrin and 17beta-estradiol (E2). In the uterotrophic assay using 18-d-old female Sprague-Dawley rats, subcutaneous treatment with tetramethrin (5 to 800 mg/kg/day) for 3 d led to a statistically significant decrease in absolute and relative uterine wet weights at all doses tested. Moreover, tetramethrin blocked the effect of E2 on uterine weights. In addition, tetramethrin reduced absolute and relative vaginal wet weights, and also inhibited the increases of vaginal weights produced by E2. Tetramethrin showed no androgenic on antiandrogenic activities in the Hershberger assay. These results suggest that tetramethrin might exert endocrine-disrupting effects on female rats through antiestrogenic action. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Kim, Soon Sun AU - Kwack, Seung Jun AU - Lee, Rhee Da AU - Lim, Kwon Jo AU - Rhee, Gyu Seek AU - Seok, Ji Hyun AU - Kim, Byung Ho AU - Won, Yong-Hyuck AU - Lee, Geun-Shik AU - Jeung, Eui-Bae AU - Lee, Byung-Mu AU - Park, Kui-Lea AD - National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, Seoul. Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 SP - 2277 EP - 2289 VL - 68 IS - 23-24 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Androgen Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins KW - Estrogen Receptor Modulators KW - Estrogen Receptor alpha KW - Estrogen Receptor beta KW - Insecticides KW - Pyrethrins KW - RNA, Messenger KW - tetramethrin KW - Z72930Q46K KW - Index Medicus KW - Vagina -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Androgen Antagonists -- toxicity KW - Sex Factors KW - Genitalia, Male -- drug effects KW - Vagina -- pathology KW - Estrogen Receptor alpha -- analysis KW - Estrogen Receptor beta -- analysis KW - Estrogen Receptor alpha -- metabolism KW - Estrogen Receptor beta -- metabolism KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- analysis KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Genitalia, Male -- anatomy & histology KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Estrogen Receptor Modulators -- toxicity KW - Pyrethrins -- toxicity KW - Uterus -- pathology KW - Uterus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68867912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+estrogenic+and+androgenic+activities+of+tetramethrin+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+assays.&rft.au=Kim%2C+Soon+Sun%3BKwack%2C+Seung+Jun%3BLee%2C+Rhee+Da%3BLim%2C+Kwon+Jo%3BRhee%2C+Gyu+Seek%3BSeok%2C+Ji+Hyun%3BKim%2C+Byung+Ho%3BWon%2C+Yong-Hyuck%3BLee%2C+Geun-Shik%3BJeung%2C+Eui-Bae%3BLee%2C+Byung-Mu%3BPark%2C+Kui-Lea&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Soon&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=23-24&rft.spage=2277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxic effects of alcohol and acetaldehyde during embryonic development. AN - 68866123; 16326430 AB - Alcohol drinking during pregnancy results in abnormal fetal development, including fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in humans and experimental animals. FAS is characterized by two major effects, including central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction and multiple anomalies recognizable mainly as a typical face. However, the mechanisms of alcohol-induced embryotoxicity have not been clearly demonstrated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible mechanisms underlying ethanol-induced FAS in the developing embryo. First, ethanol-induced developmental abnormalities were investigated in vitro. Postimplantation embryos at gestation day (GD) 9.5 were cultured for 48 h and observed for morphological changes. Ethanol-mediated changes in proteins regulated apoptosis (p53 and bcl-2), antioxidant (vitamin E and catalase) activities, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and oxidative DNA damage shown as 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured in embryonic midbrain cells. Alcohol or acetaldehyde significantly induced cytotoxicity in cultured rat embryonic midbrain cells. The levels of p53, bcl-2, and 8-OHdG were concomitantly changed by alcohol and acetaldehyde treatment in midbrain cells. Injured cells induced by ROS were increased by alcohol or acetaldehyde treatment in midbrain cells. Cotreatment with alcohol or acetaldehyde and catalase decreased cytotoxicity in midbrain cells. In postimplantation embryo culture, alcohol or acetaldehyde-treated embryos showed retardation of embryonic growth and development in a concentration-dependent manner. These results indicate that alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde induce fetal developmental abnormalities by disrupting cellular differentiation and growth. Data demonstrate that some antioxidants can partially protect against the alcohol-induced embryonic developmental toxicity. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Lee, Rhee Da AU - An, Sang Mi AU - Kim, Soon Sun AU - Rhee, Gyu Seek AU - Kwack, Seung Jun AU - Seok, Ji Hyun AU - Chae, Soo Yeong AU - Park, Chul Hoon AU - Choi, Yo Woo AU - Kim, Hyung Sik AU - Cho, Hong Yon AU - Lee, Byung Mu AU - Park, Kui Lea AD - Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, Seoul. Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 SP - 2147 EP - 2162 VL - 68 IS - 23-24 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - 8-oxo-7-hydrodeoxyguanosine KW - 88847-89-6 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Catalase KW - EC 1.11.1.6 KW - Deoxyguanosine KW - G9481N71RO KW - Acetaldehyde KW - GO1N1ZPR3B KW - Index Medicus KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- metabolism KW - Catalase -- pharmacology KW - Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders -- etiology KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Deoxyguanosine -- metabolism KW - Antioxidants -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 -- metabolism KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Female KW - Deoxyguanosine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Embryo Culture Techniques KW - Mesencephalon -- metabolism KW - Mesencephalon -- drug effects KW - Acetaldehyde -- toxicity KW - Ethanol -- toxicity KW - Mesencephalon -- embryology KW - Embryonic Development -- drug effects KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68866123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Neurotoxic+effects+of+alcohol+and+acetaldehyde+during+embryonic+development.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Rhee+Da%3BAn%2C+Sang+Mi%3BKim%2C+Soon+Sun%3BRhee%2C+Gyu+Seek%3BKwack%2C+Seung+Jun%3BSeok%2C+Ji+Hyun%3BChae%2C+Soo+Yeong%3BPark%2C+Chul+Hoon%3BChoi%2C+Yo+Woo%3BKim%2C+Hyung+Sik%3BCho%2C+Hong+Yon%3BLee%2C+Byung+Mu%3BPark%2C+Kui+Lea&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Rhee&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=23-24&rft.spage=2147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multigeneration reproductive and developmental toxicity study of bar gene inserted into genetically modified potato on rats. AN - 68863503; 16326439 AB - Each specific protein has an individual gene encoding it, and a foreign gene introduced to a plant can be used to synthesize a new protein. The identification of potential reproductive and developmental toxicity from novel proteins produced by genetically modified (GM) crops is a difficult task. A science-based risk assessment is needed in order to use GM crops as a conventional foodstuff. In this study, the specific characteristics of GM food and low-level chronic exposure were examined using a five-generation animal study. In each generation, rats were fed a solid pellet containing 5% GM potato and non-GM potato for 10 wk prior to mating in order to assess the potential reproductive and developmental toxic effects. In the multigeneration animal study, there were no GM potato-related changes in body weight, food consumption, reproductive performance, and organ weight. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using extracted genomic DNA to examine the possibility of gene persistence in the organ tissues after a long-term exposure to low levels of GM feed. In each generation, the gene responsible for bar was not found in any of the reproductive organs of the GM potato-treated male and female rats, and the litter-related indexes did not show any genetically modified organism (GMO)-related changes. The results suggest that genetically modified crops have no adverse effects on the multigeneration reproductive-developmental ability. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Rhee, Gyu Seek AU - Cho, Dae Hyun AU - Won, Yong Hyuck AU - Seok, Ji Hyun AU - Kim, Soon Sun AU - Kwack, Seung Jun AU - Lee, Rhee Da AU - Chae, Soo Yeong AU - Kim, Jae Woo AU - Lee, Byung Mu AU - Park, Kui Lea AU - Choi, Kwang Sik AD - Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, Seoul. Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 SP - 2263 EP - 2276 VL - 68 IS - 23-24 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - DNA, Plant KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Spleen -- anatomy & histology KW - Liver -- anatomy & histology KW - Animals KW - Genitalia, Female -- drug effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Genitalia, Male -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Bone and Bones -- anatomy & histology KW - Genitalia, Female -- anatomy & histology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Genitalia, Male -- anatomy & histology KW - DNA, Plant -- genetics KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Bone and Bones -- drug effects KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Bone and Bones -- embryology KW - Kidney -- anatomy & histology KW - Food, Genetically Modified -- toxicity KW - Solanum tuberosum -- genetics KW - Plants, Genetically Modified -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68863503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Multigeneration+reproductive+and+developmental+toxicity+study+of+bar+gene+inserted+into+genetically+modified+potato+on+rats.&rft.au=Rhee%2C+Gyu+Seek%3BCho%2C+Dae+Hyun%3BWon%2C+Yong+Hyuck%3BSeok%2C+Ji+Hyun%3BKim%2C+Soon+Sun%3BKwack%2C+Seung+Jun%3BLee%2C+Rhee+Da%3BChae%2C+Soo+Yeong%3BKim%2C+Jae+Woo%3BLee%2C+Byung+Mu%3BPark%2C+Kui+Lea%3BChoi%2C+Kwang+Sik&rft.aulast=Rhee&rft.aufirst=Gyu&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=23-24&rft.spage=2263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of a Multiple Behavioral Risk Screen for Alcohol, Depression, and Domestic Violence T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39933055; 4088834 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Hutchins, Ellen AU - Engler, Cindy AU - Gottlieb, Barbara R Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Alcohols KW - Domestic violence KW - Depression KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39933055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+Multiple+Behavioral+Risk+Screen+for+Alcohol%2C+Depression%2C+and+Domestic+Violence&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+Ellen%3BEngler%2C+Cindy%3BGottlieb%2C+Barbara+R&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Gender Differences in HIV/AIDS Patients with Co-Infections in the Houston Adult/Adolescent Spectrum of HIV/AIDS Disease (ASD) Surveillance Project T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39932567; 4084854 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Awosika-Olumo, Adebowale AU - Arafat, Raouf R AU - Gomez, James T Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - USA, Texas, Houston KW - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome KW - Sex KW - Adolescents KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39932567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Gender+Differences+in+HIV%2FAIDS+Patients+with+Co-Infections+in+the+Houston+Adult%2FAdolescent+Spectrum+of+HIV%2FAIDS+Disease+%28ASD%29+Surveillance+Project&rft.au=Awosika-Olumo%2C+Adebowale%3BArafat%2C+Raouf+R%3BGomez%2C+James+T&rft.aulast=Awosika-Olumo&rft.aufirst=Adebowale&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Experiences of the HRSA-funded Special Projects of National Significance (SPNS) Information Technology Initiative T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39931042; 4086019 DE: JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Cajina, Adan AU - Messeri, Peter AU - Sabundayo, Beulah Perdue AU - Herwehe, Jane AU - Lombard, Frank M Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39931042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Experiences+of+the+HRSA-funded+Special+Projects+of+National+Significance+%28SPNS%29+Information+Technology+Initiative&rft.au=Cajina%2C+Adan%3BMesseri%2C+Peter%3BSabundayo%2C+Beulah+Perdue%3BHerwehe%2C+Jane%3BLombard%2C+Frank+M&rft.aulast=Cajina&rft.aufirst=Adan&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Demographic Variability in a Cluster of Shigella Sonnei Cases with a Common Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) DNA Fingerprint Pattern T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39926874; 4086516 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Long, Stephen AU - Arafat, Raouf R AU - Awosika-Olumo, Adebowale AU - Mgbere, Osaro Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Electrophoresis KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Demography KW - Shigella sonnei KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39926874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Demographic+Variability+in+a+Cluster+of+Shigella+Sonnei+Cases+with+a+Common+Pulsed+Field+Gel+Electrophoresis+%28PFGE%29+DNA+Fingerprint+Pattern&rft.au=Long%2C+Stephen%3BArafat%2C+Raouf+R%3BAwosika-Olumo%2C+Adebowale%3BMgbere%2C+Osaro&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Federal Initiatives in Support of Clinical and Infrastructure Innovations for Co-Occurring Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39924467; 4085577 DE: JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Le Fauve, Charlene E Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39924467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Federal+Initiatives+in+Support+of+Clinical+and+Infrastructure+Innovations+for+Co-Occurring+Mental+Health+and+Substance+Use+Disorders&rft.au=Le+Fauve%2C+Charlene+E&rft.aulast=Le+Fauve&rft.aufirst=Charlene&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modernizing Medicare: Opportunities for Pharmacies T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39922798; 4085233 DE: JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Nguyen, Kathy Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39922798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Modernizing+Medicare%3A+Opportunities+for+Pharmacies&rft.au=Nguyen%2C+Kathy&rft.aulast=Nguyen&rft.aufirst=Kathy&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Drug Testing and Substance Abuse in the Workplace: Is There a Relationship Between Employer Policies and Programs and Worker Substance Abuse? T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39874422; 4087303 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Larson, Sharon L AU - Gfroerer, Joe Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Substance abuse KW - Drug abuse KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39874422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Drug+Testing+and+Substance+Abuse+in+the+Workplace%3A+Is+There+a+Relationship+Between+Employer+Policies+and+Programs+and+Worker+Substance+Abuse%3F&rft.au=Larson%2C+Sharon+L%3BGfroerer%2C+Joe&rft.aulast=Larson&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Work-related asthma in the educational services industry-California, Massachusetts, Michigan, and New Jersey, 1993-2000 T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39864624; 4087255 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Mazurek, J M AU - Filios AU - Willis, R AU - Schill, Donald P AU - Rosenman, Kenneth D AU - Davis, Letitia K AU - Pechter, Elise AU - McGreevy, Katherine AU - Flattery, Jennifer AU - Jo Reilly, Mary Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - USA, New Jersey KW - USA, Massachusetts KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Asthma KW - Education KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39864624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Work-related+asthma+in+the+educational+services+industry-California%2C+Massachusetts%2C+Michigan%2C+and+New+Jersey%2C+1993-2000&rft.au=Mazurek%2C+J+M%3BFilios%3BWillis%2C+R%3BSchill%2C+Donald+P%3BRosenman%2C+Kenneth+D%3BDavis%2C+Letitia+K%3BPechter%2C+Elise%3BMcGreevy%2C+Katherine%3BFlattery%2C+Jennifer%3BJo+Reilly%2C+Mary&rft.aulast=Mazurek&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cardiovascular+toxicology&rft.issn=15307905&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Association of Toxoplasmosis with Foreign Birth Among Younger HIV(+) Patients in Houston, Texas T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39858602; 4084853 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Awosika-Olumo, Adebowale AU - McNeely, Wesley AU - Arafat, Raouf R AU - Gomez, James T AU - Anderson, Lydwina Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - USA, Texas KW - USA, Texas, Houston KW - Toxoplasmosis KW - Birth KW - Parturition KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39858602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Association+of+Toxoplasmosis+with+Foreign+Birth+Among+Younger+HIV%28%2B%29+Patients+in+Houston%2C+Texas&rft.au=Awosika-Olumo%2C+Adebowale%3BMcNeely%2C+Wesley%3BArafat%2C+Raouf+R%3BGomez%2C+James+T%3BAnderson%2C+Lydwina&rft.aulast=Awosika-Olumo&rft.aufirst=Adebowale&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Policy Implications of Employers as Purveyors of Medicare Information to the Elderly Workforce and the Impact of the MMA on Employers and Furture Retirees T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39856475; 4085685 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Rotwein, Suzanne Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Elderly KW - Geriatrics KW - Policies KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39856475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Policy+Implications+of+Employers+as+Purveyors+of+Medicare+Information+to+the+Elderly+Workforce+and+the+Impact+of+the+MMA+on+Employers+and+Furture+Retirees&rft.au=Rotwein%2C+Suzanne&rft.aulast=Rotwein&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - State and National Trends in Nursing Home Enforcement, 2000-2004 T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39850096; 4085105 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Kelly, Jill Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Nursing KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39850096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=State+and+National+Trends+in+Nursing+Home+Enforcement%2C+2000-2004&rft.au=Kelly%2C+Jill&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Consequences of Satisfaction with Counseling Services on Factors Relevant to Mental Health Service Delivery to Young Black Males in Transition from Foster Care T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39849612; 4088263 DE: JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Scott Jr, Lionel D Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39849612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Consequences+of+Satisfaction+with+Counseling+Services+on+Factors+Relevant+to+Mental+Health+Service+Delivery+to+Young+Black+Males+in+Transition+from+Foster+Care&rft.au=Scott+Jr%2C+Lionel+D&rft.aulast=Scott+Jr&rft.aufirst=Lionel&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparison of Military and Civilian Reporting Rates of Adverse Events After Smallpox Vaccine T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39848112; 4086427 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - McMahon, Ann W AU - Zinderman, Craig AU - Ball, Robert AU - Gupta, Ghanshyam AU - Braun, M Miles Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Vaccines KW - Military KW - Smallpox KW - Disease control KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39848112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Military+and+Civilian+Reporting+Rates+of+Adverse+Events+After+Smallpox+Vaccine&rft.au=McMahon%2C+Ann+W%3BZinderman%2C+Craig%3BBall%2C+Robert%3BGupta%2C+Ghanshyam%3BBraun%2C+M+Miles&rft.aulast=McMahon&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Using Consumer Research to Improve Communication: An Assessment of how Medicare booklets are Used to Make Healthcare Decisions T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39847056; 4085742 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Simon, Beth AU - DeLisle, Michelle AU - Gordon, Erin AU - Heinrich, Kate AU - Guyer, Kate AU - Nichols, Janice AU - Blatt, Lauren AU - Maxfield, Andrew Martin AU - Tanamor, Myra Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Communication KW - Health care KW - Consumers KW - Decision making KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39847056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Using+Consumer+Research+to+Improve+Communication%3A+An+Assessment+of+how+Medicare+booklets+are+Used+to+Make+Healthcare+Decisions&rft.au=Simon%2C+Beth%3BDeLisle%2C+Michelle%3BGordon%2C+Erin%3BHeinrich%2C+Kate%3BGuyer%2C+Kate%3BNichols%2C+Janice%3BBlatt%2C+Lauren%3BMaxfield%2C+Andrew+Martin%3BTanamor%2C+Myra&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=Beth&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Mortality in the United States, 1980-2002 T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39838052; 4087256 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Bang, Ki Moon AU - Weissman, David AU - Pinheiro, Germania AU - Wood, John M AU - Syamlal, Girija Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - USA KW - Hypersensitivity KW - Mortality KW - Pneumonitis KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39838052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Hypersensitivity+Pneumonitis+Mortality+in+the+United+States%2C+1980-2002&rft.au=Bang%2C+Ki+Moon%3BWeissman%2C+David%3BPinheiro%2C+Germania%3BWood%2C+John+M%3BSyamlal%2C+Girija&rft.aulast=Bang&rft.aufirst=Ki&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - How Attitudes on Sex and Sexuality Influence the Perceived Risk of HIV Infection Among Black College Students T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39828307; 4087351 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Ward, Maranda C Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Infectious diseases KW - Sexuality KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39828307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=How+Attitudes+on+Sex+and+Sexuality+Influence+the+Perceived+Risk+of+HIV+Infection+Among+Black+College+Students&rft.au=Ward%2C+Maranda+C&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Maranda&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cues to Action: Using the Health Belief Model to guide Occupational Safety and Health Communications T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39828223; 4087324 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Sinclair, Raymond C AU - Smallwood, Stacy W AU - Gust, Amanda M Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Communication KW - Occupational safety KW - Models KW - Health and safety KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39828223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Cues+to+Action%3A+Using+the+Health+Belief+Model+to+guide+Occupational+Safety+and+Health+Communications&rft.au=Sinclair%2C+Raymond+C%3BSmallwood%2C+Stacy+W%3BGust%2C+Amanda+M&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Recent Research Findings on Hospital CAHPS (HCAHPS), the Standardized National Survey of Patients' Perspectives of their Hospital Care T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39827474; 4085112 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Lehrman, William G AU - Goldstein, Elizabeth AU - Farquhar, Marybeth AU - Elliott, Marc N Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Hospitals KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39827474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Recent+Research+Findings+on+Hospital+CAHPS+%28HCAHPS%29%2C+the+Standardized+National+Survey+of+Patients%27+Perspectives+of+their+Hospital+Care&rft.au=Lehrman%2C+William+G%3BGoldstein%2C+Elizabeth%3BFarquhar%2C+Marybeth%3BElliott%2C+Marc+N&rft.aulast=Lehrman&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Elevated Blood Lead Levels in Refugee ChildrenNew Hampshire, 2004 T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39822606; 4088154 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Plotinsky, Rachel N AU - Brown, Mary Jean AU - Kellenberg, Joan AU - Dembiec, Michelle AU - DiPentima, Rich AU - Greenblatt, Jesse AU - Talbot, Elizabeth A Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - British Isles, England, Hampshire KW - Blood KW - Lead KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39822606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Elevated+Blood+Lead+Levels+in+Refugee+ChildrenNew+Hampshire%2C+2004&rft.au=Plotinsky%2C+Rachel+N%3BBrown%2C+Mary+Jean%3BKellenberg%2C+Joan%3BDembiec%2C+Michelle%3BDiPentima%2C+Rich%3BGreenblatt%2C+Jesse%3BTalbot%2C+Elizabeth+A&rft.aulast=Plotinsky&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - CAHPS Surveys: The Development of an Experience of Care Survey for Persons with Mobility Impairments T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39820891; 4085088 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Farquhar, Marybeth AU - Latham, Nancy Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Mobility KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39820891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=CAHPS+Surveys%3A+The+Development+of+an+Experience+of+Care+Survey+for+Persons+with+Mobility+Impairments&rft.au=Farquhar%2C+Marybeth%3BLatham%2C+Nancy&rft.aulast=Farquhar&rft.aufirst=Marybeth&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Community-Acquired Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in a College Football Team--New Hampshire, 2004 T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39812690; 4086545 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Montero, Jose Thier AU - Schweitzer, Jody L AU - Plotinsky, Rachel N AU - Talbot, Elizabeth A Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - British Isles, England, Hampshire KW - Methicillin KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39812690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Community-Acquired+Methicillin+Resistant+Staphylococcus+Aureus+in+a+College+Football+Team--New+Hampshire%2C+2004&rft.au=Montero%2C+Jose+Thier%3BSchweitzer%2C+Jody+L%3BPlotinsky%2C+Rachel+N%3BTalbot%2C+Elizabeth+A&rft.aulast=Montero&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Public Health Response After Hurricane Katrina by the Houston & Harris County Departments of Health T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39812386; 4086423 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Arafat, Raouf R AU - Palacio, Herminia AU - Shah, Umair A AU - Davis, Carol M AU - Ibrahim, Osama AU - Kilborn, Cindy AU - Martinez, Diana AU - Page, Valda AU - Short, Kirstin AU - Wolverton, Marcia L Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - USA, Texas, Houston KW - Public health KW - Hurricanes KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39812386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Public+Health+Response+After+Hurricane+Katrina+by+the+Houston+%26amp%3B+Harris+County+Departments+of+Health&rft.au=Arafat%2C+Raouf+R%3BPalacio%2C+Herminia%3BShah%2C+Umair+A%3BDavis%2C+Carol+M%3BIbrahim%2C+Osama%3BKilborn%2C+Cindy%3BMartinez%2C+Diana%3BPage%2C+Valda%3BShort%2C+Kirstin%3BWolverton%2C+Marcia+L&rft.aulast=Arafat&rft.aufirst=Raouf&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - BodyWorks Adaptation for American Indian/Alaska Native Adolescent Girls and their Families T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39807503; 4088131 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Moore, Kelly R AU - Lou Rife, Mary AU - Brown, Tammy AU - Marshall, Gale AU - Valdez, S Lorraine AU - Acton, Kelly J Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - USA, Alaska KW - Adolescents KW - Adaptations KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39807503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=BodyWorks+Adaptation+for+American+Indian%2FAlaska+Native+Adolescent+Girls+and+their+Families&rft.au=Moore%2C+Kelly+R%3BLou+Rife%2C+Mary%3BBrown%2C+Tammy%3BMarshall%2C+Gale%3BValdez%2C+S+Lorraine%3BActon%2C+Kelly+J&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Non-Fatal Work-Related Transportation Injuries Treated in Hospital Emergency Departments in the United States T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39806884; 4087728 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Chen, Guang-Xiang Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - USA KW - Transportation KW - Hospitals KW - Injuries KW - Emergencies KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39806884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Non-Fatal+Work-Related+Transportation+Injuries+Treated+in+Hospital+Emergency+Departments+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Chen%2C+Guang-Xiang&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Guang-Xiang&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Connected Separateness or Separate Connection: The Integration of Primary Care and Behavioral Health T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39806188; 4085215 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Kennedy, Nancy J Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Integration KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39806188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Connected+Separateness+or+Separate+Connection%3A+The+Integration+of+Primary+Care+and+Behavioral+Health&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+Nancy+J&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Gender Differences in Mutually Violent Dating Relationships of Black Youth T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39804749; 4088053 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Ward, Maranda C AU - McMahon, Pamela M Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Sex KW - Dating KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39804749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Gender+Differences+in+Mutually+Violent+Dating+Relationships+of+Black+Youth&rft.au=Ward%2C+Maranda+C%3BMcMahon%2C+Pamela+M&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Maranda&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Firefighter Fatalities in Structure Fires: Dying to Save Lives or Buildings? T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39786220; 4087294 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Farmer, Ann E AU - Castillo, Dawn N Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Buildings KW - Mortality KW - Firefighter services KW - Fires KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39786220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Firefighter+Fatalities+in+Structure+Fires%3A+Dying+to+Save+Lives+or+Buildings%3F&rft.au=Farmer%2C+Ann+E%3BCastillo%2C+Dawn+N&rft.aulast=Farmer&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Achieving Longitudinal Objectives for a Healthy America: Using a Systems Approach to Monitor and Implement Effective Public Health Interventions T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39779549; 4085101 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Jacobson, Dawn Marie Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Public health KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39779549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Achieving+Longitudinal+Objectives+for+a+Healthy+America%3A+Using+a+Systems+Approach+to+Monitor+and+Implement+Effective+Public+Health+Interventions&rft.au=Jacobson%2C+Dawn+Marie&rft.aulast=Jacobson&rft.aufirst=Dawn&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Progress in Reducing Racial Disparities in Chronic Diseases T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39776632; 4085978 DE: JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Moy, Ernest Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39776632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Progress+in+Reducing+Racial+Disparities+in+Chronic+Diseases&rft.au=Moy%2C+Ernest&rft.aulast=Moy&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nursing Home Enforcement: Understanding a Complex Framework T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39774277; 4085106 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Lew, Elaine L Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Nursing KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39774277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Nursing+Home+Enforcement%3A+Understanding+a+Complex+Framework&rft.au=Lew%2C+Elaine+L&rft.aulast=Lew&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Differences in Racial/Ethnicity Variations for Acute Asthma Care, Selected Measures of Severity and Expenditures Among Medicaid-Covered Non-Elderly Adults from All States and the District of Columbia: A Comparison of 1999 and 2000 Patterns T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39774238; 4085103 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Benedict, M Beth Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Asthma KW - Ethnic groups KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39774238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Differences+in+Racial%2FEthnicity+Variations+for+Acute+Asthma+Care%2C+Selected+Measures+of+Severity+and+Expenditures+Among+Medicaid-Covered+Non-Elderly+Adults+from+All+States+and+the+District+of+Columbia%3A+A+Comparison+of+1999+and+2000+Patterns&rft.au=Benedict%2C+M+Beth&rft.aulast=Benedict&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - SAMHSAs Reach Out Now Teach-In to Prevent Underage Drinking: An Effective Educational Module T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39773281; 4085252 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Ensley, Gwyndolyn AU - Hatamiya, Ford Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Drinking KW - Education KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39773281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=SAMHSAs+Reach+Out+Now+Teach-In+to+Prevent+Underage+Drinking%3A+An+Effective+Educational+Module&rft.au=Ensley%2C+Gwyndolyn%3BHatamiya%2C+Ford&rft.aulast=Ensley&rft.aufirst=Gwyndolyn&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Overview of Issue and Federal Perspective, When Nurses are Federalized Including Noting the Federal Tort Claims Act Coverage Against Liability T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39772528; 4086792 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Couig, Mary Pat Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Nursing KW - Liability KW - Medical personnel KW - Reviews KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39772528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Overview+of+Issue+and+Federal+Perspective%2C+When+Nurses+are+Federalized+Including+Noting+the+Federal+Tort+Claims+Act+Coverage+Against+Liability&rft.au=Couig%2C+Mary+Pat&rft.aulast=Couig&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Future of MCH Research: Emergent Issues and Populations T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39772378; 4088843 DE: JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Yu, Stella M AU - Guyer, Bernard AU - Handler, Arden S AU - Kogan, Michael D AU - Guendelman, Sylvia AU - Declercq, Eugene Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39772378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Future+of+MCH+Research%3A+Emergent+Issues+and+Populations&rft.au=Yu%2C+Stella+M%3BGuyer%2C+Bernard%3BHandler%2C+Arden+S%3BKogan%2C+Michael+D%3BGuendelman%2C+Sylvia%3BDeclercq%2C+Eugene&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Stella&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Implications of the "New" NREPP for the Practice of Substance Abuse Prevention T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39768607; 4085204 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Hennessy, Kevin D Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Prevention KW - Substance abuse KW - Drug abuse KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39768607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Implications+of+the+%22New%22+NREPP+for+the+Practice+of+Substance+Abuse+Prevention&rft.au=Hennessy%2C+Kevin+D&rft.aulast=Hennessy&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - New Freedom Initiative: A National Perspective T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39767171; 4085626 DE: JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Hill, Susan Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39767171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=New+Freedom+Initiative%3A+A+National+Perspective&rft.au=Hill%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - To be Young, Black, and Male: Negative Black Male Social Experiences, Behavioral Coping Responses, and their Association to Somatic Symptoms T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39766685; 4088779 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Scott Jr, Lionel D Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Symptoms KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39766685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=To+be+Young%2C+Black%2C+and+Male%3A+Negative+Black+Male+Social+Experiences%2C+Behavioral+Coping+Responses%2C+and+their+Association+to+Somatic+Symptoms&rft.au=Scott+Jr%2C+Lionel+D&rft.aulast=Scott+Jr&rft.aufirst=Lionel&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - From Sickness Insurance to the Medicare Prescription Drug Bill: Historical Perspectives on the Role of Employers as Health Insurers and Providers of Medicare Information to an Elderly Workforce T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39765401; 4085684 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Rotwein, Suzanne Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Insurance KW - Historical account KW - Elderly KW - Drugs KW - Geriatrics KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39765401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=From+Sickness+Insurance+to+the+Medicare+Prescription+Drug+Bill%3A+Historical+Perspectives+on+the+Role+of+Employers+as+Health+Insurers+and+Providers+of+Medicare+Information+to+an+Elderly+Workforce&rft.au=Rotwein%2C+Suzanne&rft.aulast=Rotwein&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Concentration of Health Care Expenditures: Predicting Next Years Tail T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39761139; 4086574 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Cohen, Steven B AU - Ezzati-Rice, Trena AU - Yu, William Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Health care KW - Tails KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39761139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Concentration+of+Health+Care+Expenditures%3A+Predicting+Next+Years+Tail&rft.au=Cohen%2C+Steven+B%3BEzzati-Rice%2C+Trena%3BYu%2C+William&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Technology-based Interventions: Using Bilingual Computerized Health Systems to Reduce HIV Among High Risk Groups T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39754394; 4088457 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Ayala-Castillo, Teresa AU - DeAugustine, Nettie AU - Arias, Ronald R Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Risk groups KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39754394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Recent+Applications+of+DNA+Microarray+Technology+to+Toxicology+and+Ecotoxicology&rft.au=Lettieri%2C+Teresa&rft.aulast=Lettieri&rft.aufirst=Teresa&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Role of Centrins in Trypanosoma brucei Cytokinesis T2 - 45th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology AN - 39741791; 4034230 JF - 45th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology AU - Selvapandiyan, A AU - Kumar, P AU - Morris, J C AU - Wang, C C AU - Nakhasi, H L Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Cytokinesis KW - Trypanosoma brucei KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39741791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=45th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Cell+Biology&rft.atitle=Role+of+Centrins+in+Trypanosoma+brucei+Cytokinesis&rft.au=Selvapandiyan%2C+A%3BKumar%2C+P%3BMorris%2C+J+C%3BWang%2C+C+C%3BNakhasi%2C+H+L&rft.aulast=Selvapandiyan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=45th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Cell+Biology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ascb.org/meetings/am2005/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fetal and Infant Mortality Review Programs in the 21st Century T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39729111; 4088793 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Hutchins, Ellen AU - Buckley, Kathy AU - Shaefer, Sarah Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Reviews KW - Infant mortality KW - Fetuses KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39729111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Fetal+and+Infant+Mortality+Review+Programs+in+the+21st+Century&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+Ellen%3BBuckley%2C+Kathy%3BShaefer%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Methodological Evaluation of Alternative Techniques for Examining Cost of Illness Using the 2002 Medical Expenditure Survey T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39724536; 4086575 DE: JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Olin, Gary L AU - Rhoades, Jeffrey A Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39724536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Methodological+Evaluation+of+Alternative+Techniques+for+Examining+Cost+of+Illness+Using+the+2002+Medical+Expenditure+Survey&rft.au=Olin%2C+Gary+L%3BRhoades%2C+Jeffrey+A&rft.aulast=Olin&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Stroke Hospitalizations Among Medicare Beneficiaries T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39723192; 4085728 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Buczko, William Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - Stroke KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39723192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Stroke+Hospitalizations+Among+Medicare+Beneficiaries&rft.au=Buczko%2C+William&rft.aulast=Buczko&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Reducing Travel-Related Illness among Foreign-Born U.S. Residents Visiting their Country of Origin T2 - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AN - 39709579; 4085955 JF - 133rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Public Health Association AU - Burgos, Jeannette AU - Brown, Yasamin M AU - Thomas, Pauline AU - Leszczyniecka, Zofia AU - Baruxis, Claire C AU - Valenzuela, Paula AU - Wenger, Peter N AU - Saphier, Douglas AU - Kadar, Nimi Y1 - 2005/12/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 10 KW - USA KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39709579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.atitle=Reducing+Travel-Related+Illness+among+Foreign-Born+U.S.+Residents+Visiting+their+Country+of+Origin&rft.au=Burgos%2C+Jeannette%3BBrown%2C+Yasamin+M%3BThomas%2C+Pauline%3BLeszczyniecka%2C+Zofia%3BBaruxis%2C+Claire+C%3BValenzuela%2C+Paula%3BWenger%2C+Peter+N%3BSaphier%2C+Douglas%3BKadar%2C+Nimi&rft.aulast=Burgos&rft.aufirst=Jeannette&rft.date=2005-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=133rd+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Public+Health+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apha.confex.com/apha/133am/techprogram/meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adverse events reported following live, cold-adapted, intranasal influenza vaccine. AN - 68878938; 16333007 AB - In June 2003, the US Food and Drug Administration licensed a trivalent live, attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV-T) for intranasal administration to healthy persons 5 to 49 years of age. Although prelicensure testing involved 20 228 vaccinees, clinical trials were not of sufficient size to detect rare adverse events reliably. To identify adverse events reported following LAIV-T administration after licensure. All adverse events reported to the US Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) during the 2003-2004 and the 2004-2005 influenza seasons. Numbers and proportions of reported adverse events and reporting rates of adverse events per 100,000 vaccinees. Approximately 2,500,000 persons received LAIV-T during the first 2 postlicensure seasons. As of August 16, 2005, VAERS received 460 adverse event reports for vaccinations received from August 2003 through July 2005. No fatalities were reported. There were 7 reports of possible anaphylaxis, 2 reports of Guillain-Barré syndrome, 1 report of Bell palsy, and 8 reports of asthma exacerbation among individuals with a prior asthma history. Events in individuals for whom the vaccine was not indicated accounted for 73 reports (16%). Reports to VAERS in the first 2 seasons of LAIV-T use did not identify any unexpected serious risks with this vaccine when used according to approved indications. Like many vaccines and other medical products, LAIV-T may rarely cause anaphylaxis. Secondary transmission of the vaccine virus merits further investigation. Reports of asthma exacerbations in vaccinees with prior asthma history highlight the risks of vaccine use inconsistent with approved labeling. JF - JAMA AU - Izurieta, Hector S AU - Haber, Penina AU - Wise, Robert P AU - Iskander, John AU - Pratt, Douglas AU - Mink, ChrisAnna AU - Chang, Soju AU - Braun, M Miles AU - Ball, Robert AD - Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Md 20852-1448, USA. hector.izurieta@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/12/07/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 07 SP - 2720 EP - 2725 VL - 294 IS - 21 KW - Influenza Vaccines KW - 0 KW - Vaccines, Attenuated KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems KW - Humans KW - Administration, Intranasal KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Child KW - Vaccines, Attenuated -- adverse effects KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Child, Preschool KW - Influenza Vaccines -- adverse effects KW - Influenza Vaccines -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68878938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=Adverse+events+reported+following+live%2C+cold-adapted%2C+intranasal+influenza+vaccine.&rft.au=Izurieta%2C+Hector+S%3BHaber%2C+Penina%3BWise%2C+Robert+P%3BIskander%2C+John%3BPratt%2C+Douglas%3BMink%2C+ChrisAnna%3BChang%2C+Soju%3BBraun%2C+M+Miles%3BBall%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Izurieta&rft.aufirst=Hector&rft.date=2005-12-07&rft.volume=294&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=2720&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA&rft.issn=1538-3598&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: JAMA. 2005 Dec 7;294(21):2763-5 [16333014] Erratum In: JAMA. 2005 Dec 28;294(24):3092 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NATIONAL EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LABORATORIES, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. AN - 36448654; 11829 AB - PURPOSE: The construction and operation of a National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL) at the Boston University Medical Center campus in Boston, Massachusetts are proposed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has greatly accelerated its biodefense research program. To meet the nation's biodefense needs, NIAID, in consultation with other experts in the field, developed a strategic plan for addressing emerging infectious diseases and biodefense research. NIAIDs ultimate goal is to develop and improve diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments for diseases caused by infectious agents. Much of this research is conducted in biosafety laboratories. In February 2002, an outside blue ribbon panel of experts provided guidance to NIAID in the form of a strategic plan for biodefense research to accomplish short- and long-term goals for bio defense. The proposed NIAID facility would include Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4) laboratories in addition to BSL-2 and BSL-3 laboratories, animal rooms, clinical research space, offices, and support space. The NBL would be located at the Boston University Medical Center campus in the South End neighborhood of Boston. The 194,000-square-foot facility would contain state-of-the-art laboratories constructed to NIH safety standards. The facility would not be used to develop biological weapons, as such activity s forbidden by federal and international law. The NBL would emphasize comprehensive core research facilities that would enable basic, translational, and clinical research and development on products related to emerging infectious diseases. The facility would contain core support laboratories housing sophisticated facilities, including high-power microscopes, magnetic resonance imaging machines, and diagnostic tools to study new vaccines and drugs to treat infectious diseases. In addition to the proposed action, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The NEIDL would significantly increase NIAID's research capacity with respect to agents requiring BSL-2, BSL-3, and BSL-4 research space, substantially enhancing NIAID's ability to provide means of dealing with naturally emerging or biotechnologically developed infectious diseases. In addition to its role in federal efforts, the NEIDL would provide support to state and local public health authorities in the event of a bioterrorist attack or infectious disease emergency. The annual payroll generated by facility operations would amount to $33.0 million, directly generating $72.0 million in overall economic activity. The total annual economic impact of the facility would be $130.5 million. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Operational water consumption would amount to 45,825 gallons per day, and this consumption level would be matched by peak sewage flows from the site. Though all possible leaks of hazardous materials would be rigorously contained, accidental releases, though highly unlikely, could affect facility personnel and members of the local community. LEGAL MANDATES: Project Bioshield Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-276). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS and the draft supplement, see 05-0130D, Volume 29, Number 2 and 05-0620D, Volume 29, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 050514, 207 pages, December 2, 2005 PY - 2005 KW - Defense Programs KW - Air Quality Assessments KW - Biological Agents KW - Buildings KW - Earthquakes KW - Employment KW - Hazardous Materials KW - Health Hazards KW - Health Hazard Analyses KW - Public Health KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Safety KW - Safety Analyses KW - Massachusetts KW - Project Bioshield Act of 2004, Funding UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36448654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.title=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NATIONAL EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LABORATORIES, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. [Part 1 of 3] T2 - NATIONAL EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LABORATORIES, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. AN - 36389512; 11829-050514_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The construction and operation of a National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL) at the Boston University Medical Center campus in Boston, Massachusetts are proposed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has greatly accelerated its biodefense research program. To meet the nation's biodefense needs, NIAID, in consultation with other experts in the field, developed a strategic plan for addressing emerging infectious diseases and biodefense research. NIAIDs ultimate goal is to develop and improve diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments for diseases caused by infectious agents. Much of this research is conducted in biosafety laboratories. In February 2002, an outside blue ribbon panel of experts provided guidance to NIAID in the form of a strategic plan for biodefense research to accomplish short- and long-term goals for bio defense. The proposed NIAID facility would include Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4) laboratories in addition to BSL-2 and BSL-3 laboratories, animal rooms, clinical research space, offices, and support space. The NBL would be located at the Boston University Medical Center campus in the South End neighborhood of Boston. The 194,000-square-foot facility would contain state-of-the-art laboratories constructed to NIH safety standards. The facility would not be used to develop biological weapons, as such activity s forbidden by federal and international law. The NBL would emphasize comprehensive core research facilities that would enable basic, translational, and clinical research and development on products related to emerging infectious diseases. The facility would contain core support laboratories housing sophisticated facilities, including high-power microscopes, magnetic resonance imaging machines, and diagnostic tools to study new vaccines and drugs to treat infectious diseases. In addition to the proposed action, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The NEIDL would significantly increase NIAID's research capacity with respect to agents requiring BSL-2, BSL-3, and BSL-4 research space, substantially enhancing NIAID's ability to provide means of dealing with naturally emerging or biotechnologically developed infectious diseases. In addition to its role in federal efforts, the NEIDL would provide support to state and local public health authorities in the event of a bioterrorist attack or infectious disease emergency. The annual payroll generated by facility operations would amount to $33.0 million, directly generating $72.0 million in overall economic activity. The total annual economic impact of the facility would be $130.5 million. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Operational water consumption would amount to 45,825 gallons per day, and this consumption level would be matched by peak sewage flows from the site. Though all possible leaks of hazardous materials would be rigorously contained, accidental releases, though highly unlikely, could affect facility personnel and members of the local community. LEGAL MANDATES: Project Bioshield Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-276). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS and the draft supplement, see 05-0130D, Volume 29, Number 2 and 05-0620D, Volume 29, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 050514, 207 pages, December 2, 2005 PY - 2005 VL - 1 KW - Defense Programs KW - Air Quality Assessments KW - Biological Agents KW - Buildings KW - Earthquakes KW - Employment KW - Hazardous Materials KW - Health Hazards KW - Health Hazard Analyses KW - Public Health KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Safety KW - Safety Analyses KW - Massachusetts KW - Project Bioshield Act of 2004, Funding UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36389512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.title=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NATIONAL EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LABORATORIES, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. [Part 3 of 3] T2 - NATIONAL EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LABORATORIES, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. AN - 36378262; 11829-050514_0003 AB - PURPOSE: The construction and operation of a National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL) at the Boston University Medical Center campus in Boston, Massachusetts are proposed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has greatly accelerated its biodefense research program. To meet the nation's biodefense needs, NIAID, in consultation with other experts in the field, developed a strategic plan for addressing emerging infectious diseases and biodefense research. NIAIDs ultimate goal is to develop and improve diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments for diseases caused by infectious agents. Much of this research is conducted in biosafety laboratories. In February 2002, an outside blue ribbon panel of experts provided guidance to NIAID in the form of a strategic plan for biodefense research to accomplish short- and long-term goals for bio defense. The proposed NIAID facility would include Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4) laboratories in addition to BSL-2 and BSL-3 laboratories, animal rooms, clinical research space, offices, and support space. The NBL would be located at the Boston University Medical Center campus in the South End neighborhood of Boston. The 194,000-square-foot facility would contain state-of-the-art laboratories constructed to NIH safety standards. The facility would not be used to develop biological weapons, as such activity s forbidden by federal and international law. The NBL would emphasize comprehensive core research facilities that would enable basic, translational, and clinical research and development on products related to emerging infectious diseases. The facility would contain core support laboratories housing sophisticated facilities, including high-power microscopes, magnetic resonance imaging machines, and diagnostic tools to study new vaccines and drugs to treat infectious diseases. In addition to the proposed action, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The NEIDL would significantly increase NIAID's research capacity with respect to agents requiring BSL-2, BSL-3, and BSL-4 research space, substantially enhancing NIAID's ability to provide means of dealing with naturally emerging or biotechnologically developed infectious diseases. In addition to its role in federal efforts, the NEIDL would provide support to state and local public health authorities in the event of a bioterrorist attack or infectious disease emergency. The annual payroll generated by facility operations would amount to $33.0 million, directly generating $72.0 million in overall economic activity. The total annual economic impact of the facility would be $130.5 million. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Operational water consumption would amount to 45,825 gallons per day, and this consumption level would be matched by peak sewage flows from the site. Though all possible leaks of hazardous materials would be rigorously contained, accidental releases, though highly unlikely, could affect facility personnel and members of the local community. LEGAL MANDATES: Project Bioshield Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-276). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS and the draft supplement, see 05-0130D, Volume 29, Number 2 and 05-0620D, Volume 29, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 050514, 207 pages, December 2, 2005 PY - 2005 VL - 3 KW - Defense Programs KW - Air Quality Assessments KW - Biological Agents KW - Buildings KW - Earthquakes KW - Employment KW - Hazardous Materials KW - Health Hazards KW - Health Hazard Analyses KW - Public Health KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Safety KW - Safety Analyses KW - Massachusetts KW - Project Bioshield Act of 2004, Funding UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36378262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.title=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NATIONAL EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LABORATORIES, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. [Part 2 of 3] T2 - NATIONAL EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LABORATORIES, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. AN - 36373997; 11829-050514_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The construction and operation of a National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL) at the Boston University Medical Center campus in Boston, Massachusetts are proposed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has greatly accelerated its biodefense research program. To meet the nation's biodefense needs, NIAID, in consultation with other experts in the field, developed a strategic plan for addressing emerging infectious diseases and biodefense research. NIAIDs ultimate goal is to develop and improve diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments for diseases caused by infectious agents. Much of this research is conducted in biosafety laboratories. In February 2002, an outside blue ribbon panel of experts provided guidance to NIAID in the form of a strategic plan for biodefense research to accomplish short- and long-term goals for bio defense. The proposed NIAID facility would include Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4) laboratories in addition to BSL-2 and BSL-3 laboratories, animal rooms, clinical research space, offices, and support space. The NBL would be located at the Boston University Medical Center campus in the South End neighborhood of Boston. The 194,000-square-foot facility would contain state-of-the-art laboratories constructed to NIH safety standards. The facility would not be used to develop biological weapons, as such activity s forbidden by federal and international law. The NBL would emphasize comprehensive core research facilities that would enable basic, translational, and clinical research and development on products related to emerging infectious diseases. The facility would contain core support laboratories housing sophisticated facilities, including high-power microscopes, magnetic resonance imaging machines, and diagnostic tools to study new vaccines and drugs to treat infectious diseases. In addition to the proposed action, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The NEIDL would significantly increase NIAID's research capacity with respect to agents requiring BSL-2, BSL-3, and BSL-4 research space, substantially enhancing NIAID's ability to provide means of dealing with naturally emerging or biotechnologically developed infectious diseases. In addition to its role in federal efforts, the NEIDL would provide support to state and local public health authorities in the event of a bioterrorist attack or infectious disease emergency. The annual payroll generated by facility operations would amount to $33.0 million, directly generating $72.0 million in overall economic activity. The total annual economic impact of the facility would be $130.5 million. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Operational water consumption would amount to 45,825 gallons per day, and this consumption level would be matched by peak sewage flows from the site. Though all possible leaks of hazardous materials would be rigorously contained, accidental releases, though highly unlikely, could affect facility personnel and members of the local community. LEGAL MANDATES: Project Bioshield Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-276). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS and the draft supplement, see 05-0130D, Volume 29, Number 2 and 05-0620D, Volume 29, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 050514, 207 pages, December 2, 2005 PY - 2005 VL - 2 KW - Defense Programs KW - Air Quality Assessments KW - Biological Agents KW - Buildings KW - Earthquakes KW - Employment KW - Hazardous Materials KW - Health Hazards KW - Health Hazard Analyses KW - Public Health KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Safety KW - Safety Analyses KW - Massachusetts KW - Project Bioshield Act of 2004, Funding UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36373997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.title=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anthrax lethal toxin enhances cytokine-induced VCAM-1 expression on human endothelial cells AN - 17404447; 6524091 AB - Vascular endothelial dysfunction is thought to play a prominent role in systemic anthrax pathogenesis. We examined the effect of anthrax lethal toxin (LTx), a key virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis, on the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on normal and cytokine-stimulated human lung microvascular endothelial cells. Confluent endothelial monolayers were treated with lethal factor (LF), protective antigen (PA), or both (LTx) in the presence or absence of tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF alpha ). LTx enhanced cytokine-induced VCAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion. LTx alone had no effect on VCAM-1 expression. LF, PA or the combination of a catalytically inactive mutant LF and PA failed to enhance cytokine-induced VCAM-1 expression. Treatment with inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MEKs) and mitogen-activated protein kinases did not reproduce the VCAM-1 enhancement effect of LTx, a known MEK metalloprotease, suggesting LTx-mediated MEK cleavage may not be a contributing factor. JF - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications AU - Steele, AD AU - Warfel, J M AU - D'Agnillo, F AD - Division of Hematology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD, USA, dagnillo@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12/02/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 02 SP - 1249 EP - 1256 VL - 337 IS - 4 SN - 0006-291X, 0006-291X KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Microvasculature KW - Anthrax lethal toxin KW - MAP kinase KW - virulence factors KW - Lethal factor KW - protective antigen KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Endothelial cells KW - vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 KW - Lung KW - Anthrax KW - Tumor necrosis factor- alpha KW - Monocytes KW - Vascular system KW - X 24171:Microbial KW - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17404447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+Biophysical+Research+Communications&rft.atitle=Anthrax+lethal+toxin+enhances+cytokine-induced+VCAM-1+expression+on+human+endothelial+cells&rft.au=Steele%2C+AD%3BWarfel%2C+J+M%3BD%27Agnillo%2C+F&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=2005-12-02&rft.volume=337&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+Biophysical+Research+Communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bbrc.2005.09.180 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anthrax lethal toxin; Microvasculature; MAP kinase; virulence factors; Lethal factor; protective antigen; Endothelial cells; vascular cell adhesion molecule 1; Lung; Anthrax; Monocytes; Tumor necrosis factor- alpha; Vascular system; Bacillus anthracis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.09.180 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Working in noise with a hearing loss: perceptions from workers, supervisors, and hearing conservation program managers. AN - 85388046; pmid-16377991 AB - Workers with hearing loss face special problems, especially when working in noise. However, conventional hearing conservation practices do not distinguish between workers with normal hearing versus impaired hearing. This study collected information from workers with self-reported noise exposure and hearing loss, supervisors of such workers, and hearing conservation program managers through focus groups and in-depth interviews to evaluate their perspectives on the impact of hearing loss on safety and job performance, the use of hearing protection, and information needed to appropriately manage hearing-impaired workers who work in noisy environments.Concerns about working in noise with a hearing loss could be grouped into the following 10 categories: impact on job performance, impact on job safety, impaired ability to hear warning signals, impaired ability to monitor equipment, interference with communication, stress and/or fatigue, impaired communication caused by hearing protector use, reduced ability to monitor the environment as the result of hearing protector use, concerns about future quality of life, and concerns about future employability. Mostly, there was an agreement between the perceptions of workers, supervisors, and hearing conservation program managers regarding difficulties associated with hearing loss and consequent needs. These findings suggest that noise-exposed workers with hearing loss face many of the same problems reported in the literature by noise-exposed workers with normal hearing, with additional concerns primarily about job safety as the result of a reduced ability to hear environmental sounds, warning signals, and so forth.The study outlines potential challenges regarding job safety and hearing conservation practices for noise-exposed, hearing-impaired workers. Awareness of these issues is a necessary first step toward providing appropriate protective measures for noise-exposed, hearing-impaired workers. JF - Ear and hearing AU - Morata, Thais C AU - Themann, Christa L AU - Randolph, Robert F AU - Verbsky, Babette L AU - Byrne, David C AU - Reeves, Efrem R AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. tmorata@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 529 EP - 545 VL - 26 IS - 6 SN - 0196-0202, 0196-0202 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Adult KW - Ear Protective Devices KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Female KW - Focus Groups KW - *Hearing Loss: physiopathology KW - *Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced: prevention & control KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) KW - *Noise, Occupational: prevention & control KW - *Occupational Diseases: prevention & control KW - Questionnaires KW - United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85388046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ear+and+hearing&rft.atitle=Working+in+noise+with+a+hearing+loss%3A+perceptions+from+workers%2C+supervisors%2C+and+hearing+conservation+program+managers.&rft.au=Morata%2C+Thais+C%3BThemann%2C+Christa+L%3BRandolph%2C+Robert+F%3BVerbsky%2C+Babette+L%3BByrne%2C+David+C%3BReeves%2C+Efrem+R&rft.aulast=Morata&rft.aufirst=Thais&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ear+and+hearing&rft.issn=01960202&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of neurotoxic potential by use of in vitro systems. AN - 70170689; 16863434 AB - In vitro systems have been proposed, but not yet demonstrated, as a method to assess the neurotoxicity of compounds in an efficient and rapid manner. Although such tests are desired both for pharmaceuticals and environmental agents, such a battery has yet to be developed that is based on known processes of nervous system dysfunction. In this review article, characteristics and potential limitations associated with in vitro methods are discussed. Many of these features have been identified from a larger body of work examining the neurotoxicity of environmental agents and the mechanisms underlying activity of known neurotoxicants. These issues include relevant drug concentrations, factors that limit or alter drug accessibility to the nervous system, and the need for assays to reflect biologically meaningful end points. This commentary briefly surveys in vitro systems of increasing biological complexity currently available for toxicity testing, from single cell types to systems that preserve some aspects of tissue structure and function. A small number of studies to evaluate drugs for cytotoxicity and biological responses in vitro are presented as representative of the current state of the field and to provide a reference and direction for additional development of methods to assess a compound's potential for neurotoxicity. JF - Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology AU - Harry, Gaylia Jean AU - Tiffany-Castiglioni, Evelyn AD - National Institutes of Health, Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. harry@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 701 EP - 713 VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 1742-5255, 1742-5255 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Animal Testing Alternatives KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Neurites -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Learning -- drug effects KW - Neurites -- physiology KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Cell Line KW - Blood-Brain Barrier KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70170689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Expert+opinion+on+drug+metabolism+%26+toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+neurotoxic+potential+by+use+of+in+vitro+systems.&rft.au=Harry%2C+Gaylia+Jean%3BTiffany-Castiglioni%2C+Evelyn&rft.aulast=Harry&rft.aufirst=Gaylia&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Expert+opinion+on+drug+metabolism+%26+toxicology&rft.issn=17425255&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2006-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a preliminary framework for informing the risk analysis and risk management of nanoparticles. AN - 70135963; 16506988 AB - Decisions are often made even when there is uncertainty about the possible outcomes. However, methods for making decisions with uncertainty in the problem framework are scarce. Presently, safety assessment for a product containing engineered nano-scale particles is a very poorly structured problem. Many fields of study may inform the safety assessment of such particles (e.g., ultrafines, aerosols, debris from medical devices), but engineered nano-scale particles may present such unique properties that extrapolating from other types of studies may introduce, and not resolve, uncertainty. Some screening-level health effects studies conducted specifically on engineered nano-scale materials have been published and many more are underway. However, it is clear that the extent of research needed to fully and confidently understand the potential for health or environmental risk from engineered nano-scale particles may take years or even decades to complete. In spite of the great uncertainty, there is existing research and experience among researchers that can help to provide a taxonomy of particle properties, perhaps indicating a relative likelihood of risk, in order to prioritize nanoparticle risk research. To help structure this problem, a framework was developed from expert interviews of nanotechnology researchers. The analysis organizes the information as a system based on the risk assessment framework, in order to support the decision about safety. In the long term, this framework is designed to incorporate research results as they are generated, and therefore serve as a tool for estimating the potential for human health and environmental risk. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Morgan, Kara AD - Office of Planning/Office of the Commissioner/HFP-20, Rockville, MD 20857, USA. Kara.Morgan@FDA.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 1621 EP - 1635 VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Safety KW - Risk Management KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Data Collection KW - Surface Properties KW - Risk Assessment KW - Nanostructures -- chemistry KW - Nanostructures -- adverse effects KW - Nanostructures -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70135963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+preliminary+framework+for+informing+the+risk+analysis+and+risk+management+of+nanoparticles.&rft.au=Morgan%2C+Kara&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Kara&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-04-20 N1 - Date created - 2006-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Risk Anal. 2006 Feb;26(1):287 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Classification ensembles for unbalanced class sizes in predictive toxicology. AN - 69077035; 16428129 AB - This paper investigates the effects of the ratio of positive-to-negative samples on the sensitivity, specificity, and concordance. When the class sizes in the training samples are not equal, the classification rule derived will favor the majority class and result in a low sensitivity on the minority class prediction. We propose an ensemble classification approach to adjust for differential class sizes in a binary classifier system. An ensemble classifier consists of a set of base classifiers; its prediction rule is based on a summary measure of individual classifications by the base classifiers. Two re-sampling methods, augmentation and abatement, are proposed to generate different bootstrap samples of equal class size to build the base classifiers. The augmentation method balances the two class sizes by bootstrapping additional samples from the minority class, whereas the abatement method balances the two class sizes by sampling only a subset of samples from the majority class. The proposed procedure is applied to a data set to predict estrogen receptor binding activity and to a data set to predict animal liver carcinogenicity using SAR (structure-activity relationship) models as base classifiers. The abatement method appears to perform well in balancing sensitivity and specificity. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Chen, J J AU - Tsai, C A AU - Young, J F AU - Kodell, R L AD - Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA. jchen@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 517 EP - 529 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Estrogens -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Estrogens -- chemistry KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Discriminant Analysis KW - Toxicology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69077035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Classification+ensembles+for+unbalanced+class+sizes+in+predictive+toxicology.&rft.au=Chen%2C+J+J%3BTsai%2C+C+A%3BYoung%2C+J+F%3BKodell%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-18 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the tripartite drug efflux pump archetype: structural and functional studies of the macromolecular constituents reveal more than their names imply. AN - 69076834; 16433187 AB - It is a remarkable age in molecular biology when one can argue that our current understanding of a process is influenced as much by structural studies as it is by genetic and physiological manipulations. This statement is particularly poignant with membrane proteins for which structural knowledge has been long impeded by the inability to easily obtain crystal structures in a lipid matrix. Thus, several high-resolution structures of the components comprising tripartite multidrug efflux pumps from Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are now available and were received with much acclaim over ever-evolving crystal structures of soluble, aqueous proteins. These structures, in conjunction with functional mutagenesis studies, have provided insight into substrate capture and binding domains and redefined the potential interactions between individual pump constituents. However, correct assembly of the components is still a matter of debate as is the functional contribution of each to the translocation of drug substrates over long distances spanning the Gram-negative cell envelope. JF - Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy) AU - Elkins, C A AU - Beenken, K E AD - Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079-9502, USA. chris.elkins@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 581 EP - 592 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 1120-009X, 1120-009X KW - AcrA protein, E coli KW - 0 KW - AcrB protein, E coli KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins KW - Carrier Proteins KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - Lipoproteins KW - Membrane Fusion Proteins KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Membrane Transport Proteins KW - Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins KW - tolC protein, E coli KW - Index Medicus KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli -- metabolism KW - Models, Molecular KW - Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial KW - Membrane Fusion Proteins -- metabolism KW - Biological Transport, Active KW - Models, Biological KW - Protein Conformation KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- chemistry KW - Lipoproteins -- physiology KW - Carrier Proteins -- chemistry KW - Membrane Proteins -- chemistry KW - Gram-Negative Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Lipoproteins -- chemistry KW - Carrier Proteins -- physiology KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins -- physiology KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- physiology KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins -- chemistry KW - Membrane Proteins -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69076834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chemotherapy+%28Florence%2C+Italy%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+tripartite+drug+efflux+pump+archetype%3A+structural+and+functional+studies+of+the+macromolecular+constituents+reveal+more+than+their+names+imply.&rft.au=Elkins%2C+C+A%3BBeenken%2C+K+E&rft.aulast=Elkins&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chemotherapy+%28Florence%2C+Italy%29&rft.issn=1120009X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-03-13 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stability and comparative metabolism of selected felbamate metabolites and postulated fluorofelbamate metabolites by postmitochondrial suspensions. AN - 68904185; 16359174 AB - Evidence has been presented suggesting that a reactive metabolite, 2-phenylpropenal (ATPAL), may be responsible for the toxicities observed during therapy with the antiepileptic drug felbamate (FBM). Formation of ATPAL from its unstable immediate precursor, 3-carbamoyl-2-phenylpropionaldedhyde (CBMA) requires the loss of the hydrogen atom at position 2 in the propane chain, and it has been postulated that substitution of this atom with fluorine would prevent the formation of ATPAL. On the basis of this hypothesis, 2-fluoro-2-phenyl-1,3-propanediol dicarbamate (F-FBM) was synthesized and is presently undergoing drug development. To test this hypothesis, we compared the metabolism by human liver postmitochondrial suspensions (S9) in vitro of selected FBM and postulated F-FBM metabolites leading to formation of CBMA or 3-carbamoyl-2-fluoro-2-phenyl-propionaldehyde (F-CBMA). All S9 incubations included GSH as a trapping agent for any reactive metabolites formed. Our results indicated that, in phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, at 37 degrees C, the half-life for 4-hydroxy-5-phenyltetrahydro-1,3-oxazin-2-one (CCMF) was 2.8 and 3.6 h in the presence or absence of GSH, respectively; compared to 4-hydroxy-5-fluoro-5-phenyl-tetrahydro-1,3-oxazin-2-one (F-CCMF) which lost only 2.5% or 4.9% over 24 h under the same conditions. When incubated with S9 in the presence of the cofactor, NAD+, 2-phenyl-1,3-propanediol monocarbamate (MCF) was oxidized to CCMF which was further oxidized to 3-carbamoyl-2-phenylpropionic acid (CPPA). 2-Fluoro-2-phenyl-1,3-propanediol monocarbamate (F-MCF) under similar conditions was stable, and no metabolites were observed. When CCMF was incubated with S9 in the presence of NAD+ cofactor, oxidation to CPPA and reduction to MCF were observed. In addition, a new atropic acid GSH adduct (ATPA-GSH) was identified by mass spectrometry. When F-CCMF was incubated under the same conditions as CCMF, both reduced and oxidized metabolites, F-MCF and 3-carbamoyl-2-fluoro-2-phenylpropionic acid (F-CPPA), respectively, were formed but at significantly lower rates, and no GSH conjugates were identified. Our results support the hypothesis that F-FBM and F-CCMF are not metabolized by S9 in vitro to the known reactive FBM metabolite, ATPAL. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Parker, Robert J AU - Hartman, Neil R AU - Roecklein, Bryan A AU - Mortko, Henry AU - Kupferberg, Harvey J AU - Stables, James AU - Strong, John M AD - Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993-0002, USA. Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 1842 EP - 1848 VL - 18 IS - 12 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - 4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazaperhydroin-2-one KW - 0 KW - Aldehydes KW - Anticonvulsants KW - Aza Compounds KW - Oxazines KW - Phenylcarbamates KW - Propylene Glycols KW - SCH 54388 KW - NAD KW - 0U46U6E8UK KW - Fluorine KW - 284SYP0193 KW - hydratropic aldehyde KW - 8JKX55PKZQ KW - felbamate KW - X72RBB02N8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - NAD -- chemistry KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Anticonvulsants -- chemistry KW - Aldehydes -- chemistry KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Signal Transduction KW - Mitochondria, Liver -- chemistry KW - Propylene Glycols -- chemistry KW - Fluorine -- metabolism KW - Mitochondria, Liver -- metabolism KW - Aza Compounds -- metabolism KW - Propylene Glycols -- metabolism KW - Fluorine -- chemistry KW - Aza Compounds -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68904185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Stability+and+comparative+metabolism+of+selected+felbamate+metabolites+and+postulated+fluorofelbamate+metabolites+by+postmitochondrial+suspensions.&rft.au=Parker%2C+Robert+J%3BHartman%2C+Neil+R%3BRoecklein%2C+Bryan+A%3BMortko%2C+Henry%3BKupferberg%2C+Harvey+J%3BStables%2C+James%3BStrong%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1842&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-04-17 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of two commercial lateral-flow test kits for detection of animal proteins in animal feed. AN - 68898715; 16355839 AB - Performance characteristics were evaluated for two lateral-flow test kits, Reveal for Ruminant in Feed (Neogen Corporation) and FeedChek (Strategic Diagnostics Inc.), designed to detect ruminant or terrestrial animal proteins in feeds. The stringent acceptance criteria used were developed by the Center for Veterinary Medicine Office of Research to identify test kits with comparable selectivity and sensitivity to microscopy and PCR assay, the analytical methods used by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Guidelines were developed for evaluating the selectivity, sensitivity, ruggedness, and specificity of these kits. These guidelines further stated that ruggedness and specificity testing would be performed only after a test passed both the selectivity and sensitivity assessments. Acceptance criteria for determining success were developed using a statistical approach requiring 90% probability of achieving the correct response, within a 95% confidence interval. A minimum detection level of 0.1% bovine meat and bone meal, consistent with the sensitivity of the methods used by the FDA, was required. Selectivity was assessed by testing 60 dairy feed samples that contained no added animal proteins; sensitivity was determined by evaluating 60 samples (per level of fortification) of the same feed that contained 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, or 2% bovine meat and bone meal. The Reveal test passed the selectivity assessment but failed the sensitivity assessment, detecting only samples fortified at the 2% level and then only 17 to 33% of those samples, when read according to the label directions. The FeedChek test passed the sensitivity assessment but failed the selectivity assessment, with rates for false-positive results ranging from 34 to 38%, depending on the user. The sensitivity of the Reveal test was affected by the concentration of trace minerals present in the feed; concentrations toward the high end of the normal range prevented the detection of true positive feed samples containing bovine meat and bone meal. Better sensitivity assessments were obtained when lamb meal was used either alone or in combination with bovine meat and bone meal. The FeedChek test was not affected by the concentration of trace minerals or by the type of animal meal used. These results indicate that neither of the two tests is adequate for routine regulatory use. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Myers, Michael J AU - Yancy, Haile F AU - Farrell, Dorothy E AU - Washington, Jewell D AU - Frobish, Russell A AD - Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA. mmyers@cvm.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 2656 EP - 2664 VL - 68 IS - 12 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Proteins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform -- transmission KW - Species Specificity KW - Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform -- prevention & control KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Animal Feed -- analysis KW - Proteins -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68898715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+two+commercial+lateral-flow+test+kits+for+detection+of+animal+proteins+in+animal+feed.&rft.au=Myers%2C+Michael+J%3BYancy%2C+Haile+F%3BFarrell%2C+Dorothy+E%3BWashington%2C+Jewell+D%3BFrobish%2C+Russell+A&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-10 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a rapid PCR-based method for the detection of animal material. AN - 68897900; 16355838 AB - A rapid PCR-based analytical method for detection of animal-derived materials in complete feed was developed. Using a commercially available DNA forensic kit for the extraction of DNA from animal feed, a sensitive method was developed that was capable of detecting as little as 0.03% bovine meat and bone meal in complete feed in under 8 h of total assay time. The reduction in assay time was accomplished by reducing the DNA extraction time to 2 h and using the simpler cleanup procedure of the kit. Assay sensitivity can be increased to 0.006% by increasing the DNA extraction time to an overnight incubation of approximately 16 h. Examination of dairy feed samples containing either bovine meat and bone meal, porcine meat and bone meal, or lamb meal at a level of 0.1% (wt/wt basis) suggested that this method may be suitable for regulatory uses. The adoption of this commercially available kit for use with animal feeds yields an assay that is quicker and simpler to perform than a previously validated assay for the detection of animal proteins in animal feed. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Yancy, Haile F AU - Mohla, Anuja AU - Farrell, Dorothy E AU - Myers, Michael J AD - Division of Animal Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA. Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 2651 EP - 2655 VL - 68 IS - 12 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Humans KW - Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform -- transmission KW - Time Factors KW - Species Specificity KW - Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform -- prevention & control KW - DNA -- isolation & purification KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- standards KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Animal Feed -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68897900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Increased+Risk+of+Paroxysmal+Atrial+Fibrillation+Episodes+Associated+with+Acute+Increases+in+Ambient+Air+Pollution&rft.au=Rich%2C+David+Q%3BMittleman%2C+Murray+A%3BLink%2C+Mark+S%3BSchwartz%2C+Joel&rft.aulast=Rich&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-10 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Can experimental paradigms and animal models be used to discover clinically effective medications for alcoholism? AN - 68843169; 16318951 AB - Evaluating medications in animal laboratory paradigms can reveal whether the compound is effective in an established alcoholism model, at clinically relevant doses and exposure conditions, when administered orally (or transdermally) and without serious limiting side effects. Positive outcomes constitute a possible discovery for relevance to alcoholism and, under favorable marketing conditions, encourage further development. Medication testing using animal models of alcoholism might also guide clinical testing by discriminating clinically effective from clinically ineffective compounds. This ability rests on whether there are tests or, more reasonably, batteries of tests having this discriminative ability. The present paper examines this possibility. Effects of naltrexone and acamprosate in animal paradigms which model behavioral aspects of alcoholism are reviewed and compared with the effects of compounds which have limited effects in alcoholics. It is not clear at present whether any single paradigm or combination of paradigms differentiates clinically effective from clinically limited compounds. Steps are suggested to improve the use of preclinical laboratory tests to predict which compounds are likely to be effective medications for reducing drinking and sustaining abstinence in human alcoholics. JF - Addiction biology AU - Egli, Mark AD - Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda, MD 20892-9304, USA. megli@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 309 EP - 319 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 1355-6215, 1355-6215 KW - Alcohol Deterrents KW - 0 KW - Taurine KW - 1EQV5MLY3D KW - Naltrexone KW - 5S6W795CQM KW - acamprosate KW - N4K14YGM3J KW - Index Medicus KW - Taurine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Naltrexone -- administration & dosage KW - Animals KW - Taurine -- toxicity KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Taurine -- administration & dosage KW - Rodentia KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical KW - Naltrexone -- toxicity KW - Alcoholism -- rehabilitation KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Alcohol Deterrents -- administration & dosage KW - Alcohol Deterrents -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68843169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Addiction+biology&rft.atitle=Can+experimental+paradigms+and+animal+models+be+used+to+discover+clinically+effective+medications+for+alcoholism%3F&rft.au=Egli%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Egli&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Addiction+biology&rft.issn=13556215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-04-03 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - IEEE Committee on Man and Radiation (COMAR) Technical Information Statement "exposure of medical personnel to electromagnetic fields from open magnetic resonance imaging systems". AN - 68788983; 16282801 AB - Open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems enable performing image-guided medical procedures for long periods of time very close to, or inside, the patient imaging area. Medical personnel can be exposed to relatively high static, gradient, and radiofrequency fields compared to most other MRI systems. The Committee on Man and Radiation of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers calculated or used existing data on magnetic flux densities and field strengths in or near the patient area to assess occupational exposure levels. Potential exposures to each field type were analyzed and compared to relevant values specified in international exposure limits including those of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and the International Commission on Nonionizing Radiation Protection. Exposures of the head or torso of a worker to gradient fields near the center of the patient-imaging area can exceed most exposure limits even for times less than a second. Exposures to radiofrequency fields can exceed limits if sustained exposures (minutes or more) occur to parts of the body. Static magnetic fields used by present Open MRI systems are below exposure limits of all of the standards that address these fields. Overall results of this study suggest that manufacturers and others who program or operate Open MRI systems should take care to ensure that operating parameters produce exposures that comply with the relevant exposure limits. Also, since field levels fall off rapidly with increasing distance, user practices may be implemented that reduce exposures significantly. JF - Health physics AU - Bassen, H AU - Schaefer, D J AU - Zaremba, L AU - Bushberg, J AU - Ziskin, M AU - Foster, K R AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, 12725 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. hib@cdrh.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 684 EP - 689 VL - 89 IS - 6 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Protection KW - Humans KW - Safety KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging KW - Electromagnetic Fields KW - Health Personnel UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68788983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=IEEE+Committee+on+Man+and+Radiation+%28COMAR%29+Technical+Information+Statement+%22exposure+of+medical+personnel+to+electromagnetic+fields+from+open+magnetic+resonance+imaging+systems%22.&rft.au=Bassen%2C+H%3BSchaefer%2C+D+J%3BZaremba%2C+L%3BBushberg%2C+J%3BZiskin%2C+M%3BFoster%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Horick&rft.aufirst=Nora&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Degradation of benz[a]anthracene by Mycobacterium vanbaalenii strain PYR-1. AN - 67789286; 15865344 AB - Cultures of Mycobacterium vanbaalenii strain PYR-1 grown in mineral salts medium and nutrients in the presence of benz[a]anthracene metabolized 15% of the added benz[a]anthracene after 12 days of incubation. Neutral and acidic ethyl acetate extractable metabolites were isolated and characterized by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and uv-visible absorption, gas chromatography/mass (GC/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral analysis. Trimethylsilylation of the metabolites followed by GC/MS analysis facilitated identification of metabolites. The characterization of metabolites indicated that M. vanbaalenii initiated attack of benz[a]anthracene at the C-1,2-, C-5,6-, C-7,12- and C-10,11-positions to form dihydroxylated and methoxylated intermediates. The major site of enzymatic attack was in the C-10, C-11 positions. Subsequent ortho- and meta-cleavage of each of the aromatic rings led to the accumulation of novel ring-fission metabolites in the medium. The major metabolites identified were 3-hydrobenzo[f]isobenzofuran-1-one (3.2%), 6-hydrofuran[3,4-g]chromene-2,8-dione (1.3%), benzo[g]chromene-2-one (1.7%), naphtho[2,1-g]chromen-10-one (48.1%), 10-hydroxy-11-methoxybenz[a]anthracene (9.3%), and 10,11-dimethoxybenz[a]anthracene (36.4%). Enzymatic attack at the C-7 and C-12 positions resulted in the formation of benz[a]anthracene-7,12-dione, 1-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)-2-naphthoic acid, and 1-benzoyl-2-naphthoic acid. A phenyl-naphthyl metabolite, 3-(2-carboxylphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid, was formed when M. vanbaalenii was incubated with benz[a]anthracene cis-5,6-dihydrodiol, indicating ortho-cleavage of 5,6-dihydroxybenz[a]anthracene. A minor amount of 5,6-dimethoxybenz[a]anthracene was also formed. The data extend and propose novel pathways for the bacterial metabolism of benz[a]anthracene. JF - Biodegradation AU - Moody, Joanna D AU - Freeman, James P AU - Cerniglia, Carl E AD - Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079-9502, USA. Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 513 EP - 526 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0923-9820, 0923-9820 KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes KW - 0 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Soil Pollutants KW - benz(a)anthracene KW - C5PLF6152K KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Molecular Structure KW - Soil Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Geologic Sediments -- microbiology KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- chemistry KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Mycobacterium -- growth & development KW - Mycobacterium -- metabolism KW - Mycobacterium -- isolation & purification KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes -- metabolism KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67789286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodegradation&rft.atitle=Degradation+of+benz%5Ba%5Danthracene+by+Mycobacterium+vanbaalenii+strain+PYR-1.&rft.au=Moody%2C+Joanna+D%3BFreeman%2C+James+P%3BCerniglia%2C+Carl+E&rft.aulast=Moody&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodegradation&rft.issn=09239820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Nitrogen Dioxide Calibration Standards for Portable Monitors AN - 58751851; 2007-20601 AB - Mine operators and Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) inspectors use portable gas monitors in underground mines to measure worker exposure to various gases such as methane, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Even in relatively small concentrations, NO2 can produce harmful side effects in underground workers. Tables, Figures, References. JF - United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Dec 2005, 14 pp. AU - Chilton, Joseph E AU - Chuhta, Edgard J AU - Timko, Robert J Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 EP - 14p PB - United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) KW - Environment and environmental policy - Mining and mineral resources KW - Mining industry - Regulation KW - Mining industry - United States KW - Mining industry - Safety measures KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58751851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Health+and+Hurricane+Katrina&rft.au=Falk%2C+Henry%3BBaldwin%2C+Grant&rft.aulast=Falk&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/pubs/pdfs/2006-104.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2007-12-07 N1 - Publication note - United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 2005 N1 - SuppNotes - DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2006-104 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discussion on Establishing Efficacy of a New Experimental Treatment in the Gold Standard Design AN - 21103056; 11132811 AB - Abstract not available. JF - Biometrical Journal AU - Hung, H M James AD - Division of Biometrics I, OB/CDER/FDA, HFD-710, 10993 Hampshire Ave, BLDG 22, RM 4238, Mail Stop 4105, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, USA, hung@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 795 EP - 796 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0323-3847, 0323-3847 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Statistics KW - Biometrics KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21103056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biometrical+Journal&rft.atitle=Discussion+on+Establishing+Efficacy+of+a+New+Experimental+Treatment+in+the+Gold+Standard+Design&rft.au=Hung%2C+H+M+James&rft.aulast=Hung&rft.aufirst=H+M&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biometrical+Journal&rft.issn=03233847&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbimj.200510180 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biometrics; Statistics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bimj.200510180 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conjugates of Group A and W135 Capsular Polysaccharides of Neisseria meningitidis Bound to Recombinant Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin C1: Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization, and Immunological Properties in Mice AN - 20986440; 7142798 AB - Neisseria meningitidis groups A (GAM) and W135 capsular polysaccharides (CPs) were bound to recombinant Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin C1 (rSEC). The CPs were activated with 1-cyano-4-dimethylaminopyridinium tetrafluoroborate and then bound to adipic acid dihydrazide derivatives of rSEC. Syntheses were conducted with native GAM CP (GAMP), W135 CP (W135P), and ultrasonicated or hydrazine-treated W135P at various concentrations of reactants, pHs, and ionic strengths. The conjugates were characterized by compositional and serologic analyses, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography with multi-angle laser light scattering detection, and immunogenicity in 5- to 6-week-old mice. Conjugates injected subcutaneously in phosphate-buffered saline elicited immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses against their respective CPs and rSEC, whereas GAMP and W135P alone did not induce detectable CP antibodies. The O-acetyl content of W135P was low, and its removal had no adverse effect upon the conjugate's immunogenicity. Reduction of the molecular size of W135P by treatment with hydrazine improved the immunogenicity of W135P-rSEC. IgG anti-CP elicited by the conjugates showed complement-dependent bactericidal activity against their respective organisms, and IgG anti-rSEC neutralized the T-cell proliferative activity of native SEC. A bivalent formulation of GAMP-rSEC and W135P-rSEC elicited IgG anti-CP at comparable levels to those induced by the conjugates administered separately. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Jin, Zhigang AU - Bohach, Gregory A AU - Shiloach, Joseph AU - Norris, Scott E AU - Freedberg, Daron I AU - Deobald, Claudia AU - Coxon, Bruce AU - Robbins, John B AU - Schneerson, Rachel AD - National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844. Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 7887 EP - 7893 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 12 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Ionic strength KW - Hydrazine KW - Chromatography KW - Light scattering KW - Neisseria meningitidis KW - Adipic acid dihydrazide KW - Polysaccharides KW - Immunogenicity KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Lasers KW - Enterotoxins KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Bactericidal activity KW - Capsular polysaccharides KW - Side effects KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20986440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Conjugates+of+Group+A+and+W135+Capsular+Polysaccharides+of+Neisseria+meningitidis+Bound+to+Recombinant+Staphylococcus+aureus+Enterotoxin+C1%3A+Preparation%2C+Physicochemical+Characterization%2C+and+Immunological+Properties+in+Mice&rft.au=Jin%2C+Zhigang%3BBohach%2C+Gregory+A%3BShiloach%2C+Joseph%3BNorris%2C+Scott+E%3BFreedberg%2C+Daron+I%3BDeobald%2C+Claudia%3BCoxon%2C+Bruce%3BRobbins%2C+John+B%3BSchneerson%2C+Rachel&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Zhigang&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=7887&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydrazine; Ionic strength; Chromatography; Light scattering; Polysaccharides; Adipic acid dihydrazide; Immunogenicity; Immunoglobulin G; Lymphocytes T; Enterotoxins; Lasers; Capsular polysaccharides; Bactericidal activity; Side effects; Neisseria meningitidis; Staphylococcus aureus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Serial dilution with a confirmation step AN - 20778603; 8249404 AB - A serial dilution test estimates the concentration of a microbe in a broth by inoculating several tubes with portions of the broth. The test may include both presumptive and confirmation steps. For the confirmation step considered here a portion of the contents of each tube indicating a change in the presumptive step is streaked on a plate. Several colonies are selected and examined to determine if the tube contained the target microbe. A statistical model accounts for the possibility of not selecting the target microbe from a tube that contains it and a similar appearing microbe. Simulations show that this model sometimes gives estimates similar to those currently used, but at other times can make large corrections. Also, a commonness measure helps check the validity of the assumptions of this statistical model. JF - Food Microbiology AU - Blodgett, R J AD - Division of Mathematics, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, HFS-705, Rm 2D-011, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA, rblodget@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 547 EP - 552 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 0740-0020, 0740-0020 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Colonies KW - Mathematical models KW - Statistical analysis KW - Dilution tests KW - Models KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20778603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Serial+dilution+with+a+confirmation+step&rft.au=Blodgett%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Blodgett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=547&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=07400020&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fm.2004.11.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colonies; Mathematical models; Statistical analysis; Dilution tests; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2004.11.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immune-Related Conditions and Immune-Modulating Medications as Risk Factors for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Case-Control Study AN - 20715076; 6576056 AB - In immunosuppressed or autoimmune disease states, disordered immune responses may lead to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). In a US population-based case-control study of NHL (1998-2000), the authors collected personal histories of immune-related conditions and use of immune-modulating therapies as well as family histories of autoimmune conditions. The study included 1,321 NHL cases and 1,057 controls; only half received some questionnaire components. NHL was associated with Sjoegren's syndrome (odds ratio (OR) = 13, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.7, 100) and lupus (OR = 4.2, 95% CI: 1.2, 15). Two specific NHL subtypes were strongly associated with Sjoegren's syndrome: salivary gland (OR = 290, 95% CI: 33, 2600) and marginal zone (OR = 75, 95% CI: 9.1, 610). NHL was less convincingly associated with receipt of an organ transplant (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 0.4, 11). Other autoimmune conditions were too rare to evaluate or not associated with NHL. Corticosteroid use was unrelated to NHL (OR = 1.0, 95% CI: 0.8, 1.2), but methotrexate use was marginally associated (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 0.7, 7.5). Family history of dermatomyositis was associated with NHL (7 cases vs. 0 controls, OR = infinite; two-sided p = 0.02), but dermatomyositis was absent in cases themselves. Family history of remaining conditions was unrelated to NHL. Results suggest that disordered immunity in some immune-related conditions can lead to NHL. JF - American Journal of Epidemiology AU - Engels, Eric A AU - Cerhan, James R AU - Linet, Martha S AU - Cozen, Wendy AU - Colt, Joanne S AU - Davis, Scott AU - Gridley, Gloria AU - Severson, Richard K AU - Hartge, Patricia AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 1153 EP - 1161 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals Health, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 162 IS - 12 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - Risk Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - non-Hodgkin's lymphoma KW - Historical account KW - Inventories KW - Autoimmune diseases KW - autoimmune diseases KW - Immunity KW - Salivary gland KW - Organs KW - Immunomodulation KW - Sjogren's syndrome KW - Genetics KW - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma KW - Corticoids KW - Dermatomyositis KW - Risk factors KW - Methotrexate KW - Drugs KW - corticoids KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - F 06920:Transplantation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20715076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Immune-Related+Conditions+and+Immune-Modulating+Medications+as+Risk+Factors+for+Non-Hodgkin%27s+Lymphoma%3A+A+Case-Control+Study&rft.au=Engels%2C+Eric+A%3BCerhan%2C+James+R%3BLinet%2C+Martha+S%3BCozen%2C+Wendy%3BColt%2C+Joanne+S%3BDavis%2C+Scott%3BGridley%2C+Gloria%3BSeverson%2C+Richard+K%3BHartge%2C+Patricia&rft.aulast=Engels&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sjogren's syndrome; Corticoids; Inventories; Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; Dermatomyositis; Risk factors; Autoimmune diseases; Methotrexate; Immunity; Salivary gland; Immunomodulation; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; Historical account; Genetics; autoimmune diseases; Drugs; Organs; corticoids ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of handle diameters and orientations in a maximum torque task AN - 20450031; 7963859 AB - The effects of gender, handle diameter (25-50mm), and handle orientation (horizontal and vertical) on the perceived comfort, torque, total finger force, and efficiency of flexor and extensor muscle activity were examined in a maximum torque task. A 16-force sensor glove system was applied to measure finger and phalangeal forces, and a surface EMG was recorded to investigate muscle activities in the torque task. Average maximum torque in the horizontal orientation was about 23.4% more than that in the vertical orientation. The maximum torque was the largest with the 45 and 50mm diameter handles and least with the 25mm diameter handle. In both orientations, torque increased as the handle diameter increased, whereas total finger force showed a decreasing pattern which can explain the positive and non-linear correlation between torque output and handle diameter. The efficiency of muscle activity in both orientations followed a similar trend with the torque output for the handle diameters (i.e., the efficiency increased when the handle diameter increased). 35-45mm handles were rated as the most comfortable for maximum torque exertions. According to a polynomial regression, 37-44mm and 41-48mm diameter handles (23.3% of the user's hand length) maximized perceived comfort and were thus recommended for females and males, respectively in this study. Relevance to industry This study will provide guidelines for designing better workstations and hand-tools maximizing performance, muscle efficiency, and user's comfort in manual torque tasks. JF - International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics AU - Kong, Yong-Ku AU - Lowe, Brian D AD - Robert A. Taft Laboratories, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, MS C-24, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, ykong@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 1073 EP - 1084 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 35 IS - 12 SN - 0169-8141, 0169-8141 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Maximum torque task KW - Handle diameter KW - Muscle efficiency KW - Handle comfort KW - Sensors KW - guidelines KW - Gender KW - Muscles KW - gloves KW - Ergonomics KW - Hand tools KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20450031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Industrial+Ergonomics&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+handle+diameters+and+orientations+in+a+maximum+torque+task&rft.au=Kong%2C+Yong-Ku%3BLowe%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Kong&rft.aufirst=Yong-Ku&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1073&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Industrial+Ergonomics&rft.issn=01698141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ergon.2005.04.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensors; guidelines; Gender; Muscles; gloves; Ergonomics; Hand tools DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2005.04.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA in house dust mite cultures AN - 19803812; 7321410 AB - Background Allergen extracts prepared from Dermatophagoides farinae contain significantly more endotoxin than Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extracts, and extracts from both mite extracts contain more endotoxin than pollen extracts. Attempts to culture bacteria from mite cultures have failed to establish the sources of the endotoxin. Objective To determine the bacterial sources of endotoxin in mite extracts. Methods Live mites of both species were obtained from 2 sources, DNA was extracted from the mites, and DNA encoding bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA was amplified by using specific primers. The amount of bacterial DNA in each mite DNA sample was determined by quantitative PCR using an internal standard, and sequence homologies were determined from amplifications performed by using a high-fidelity DNA polymerase. Results DNA from D farinae appeared to contain between 11-fold and 24-fold more 16S ribosomal gene copies than the genomic DNA from D pteronyssinus (P less than or equal to .003). Sequence analysis indicated the dominant presence of at least 3 phylogenetic clusters of Bartonella species (henselae, quintana, vinsonii, and grahamii), as well as uncharacterized alpha -proteobacteria, from both D farinae and D pteronyssinus. In a few clones, sequences from Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas species, and Acinetobacter species were also identified. Conclusion House dust mite DNA contains evidence of Bartonella and other Gram-negative species. These Gram-negative species are likely to be the sources of the endotoxin found in mite allergenic extracts. JF - Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology AU - Valerio, C R AU - Murray, P AU - Arlian, L G AU - Slater, JE AD - CBER/FDA (HFM-422), 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, USA Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 1296 EP - 1300 VL - 116 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6749, 0091-6749 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Immunology Abstracts KW - Endotoxins KW - Phylogeny KW - Bartonella KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Pseudomonas KW - Dermatophagoides farinae KW - Pollen KW - Acinetobacter KW - Homology KW - DNA-directed DNA polymerase KW - Allergens KW - Escherichia coli KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus KW - genomics KW - rRNA 16S KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - Z 05300:General KW - F 06925:Hypersensitivity KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - N 14810:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19803812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Bacterial+16S+ribosomal+DNA+in+house+dust+mite+cultures&rft.au=Valerio%2C+C+R%3BMurray%2C+P%3BArlian%2C+L+G%3BSlater%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Valerio&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.issn=00916749&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2005.09.046 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Endotoxins; Homology; Allergens; Nucleotide sequence; DNA-directed DNA polymerase; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; genomics; rRNA 16S; Pollen; Acinetobacter; Bartonella; Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus; Dermatophagoides farinae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2005.09.046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer Incidence among Male Pesticide Applicators in the Agricultural Health Study Cohort Exposed to Diazinon AN - 19772670; 7140979 AB - Little is known about the potential carcinogenicity associated with routine application of diazinon, a common organophosphate insecticide. The authors explored a possible association of diazinon exposure with cancer risk in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort of licensed pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina enrolled in 1993-1997. A total of 23,106 male applicators provided information in a self-administered questionnaire. Among 4,961 applicators who reported using diazinon, 301 incident cancer cases were diagnosed during the follow-up period ending December 2002 compared with 968 cases among 18,145 participants who reported no use. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Two quantitative exposure metrics were used: lifetime exposure days and intensity-weighted lifetime exposure days, a measure that incorporates probability of pesticide exposure with lifetime pesticide application frequency. When lifetime exposure days were used, increased risks for the highest tertile of exposure and significant tests for trend for lung cancer and leukemia were observed. No other cancer site showed an association with diazinon for the highest tertile of exposure. Because these results were based on small numbers, additional analyses are necessary as more cases accrue to clarify whether diazinon is associated with cancer risk in humans. JF - American Journal of Epidemiology AU - Beane Freeman, Laura E AU - Bonner, Matthew R AU - Blair, Aaron AU - Hoppin, Jane A AU - Sandler, Dale P AU - Lubin, Jay H AU - Dosemeci, Mustafa AU - Lynch, Charles F AU - Knott, Charles AU - Alavanja, Michael CR AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD Y1 - 2005/12/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 01 SP - 1070 EP - 1079 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals Health, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 162 IS - 11 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Inventories KW - Organophosphates KW - males KW - organophosphates KW - Cancer KW - Pesticide applications KW - Leukemia KW - Insecticides KW - USA, Iowa KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Risk factors KW - Pesticides KW - Diazinon KW - Occupational exposure KW - Lung cancer KW - H 5000:Pesticides KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19772670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Cancer+Incidence+among+Male+Pesticide+Applicators+in+the+Agricultural+Health+Study+Cohort+Exposed+to+Diazinon&rft.au=Beane+Freeman%2C+Laura+E%3BBonner%2C+Matthew+R%3BBlair%2C+Aaron%3BHoppin%2C+Jane+A%3BSandler%2C+Dale+P%3BLubin%2C+Jay+H%3BDosemeci%2C+Mustafa%3BLynch%2C+Charles+F%3BKnott%2C+Charles%3BAlavanja%2C+Michael+CR&rft.aulast=Beane+Freeman&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1070&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inventories; Leukemia; Insecticides; Carcinogenicity; Risk factors; Pesticides; organophosphates; Diazinon; Pesticide applications; Lung cancer; Agriculture; Organophosphates; males; Occupational exposure; Cancer; USA, North Carolina; USA, Iowa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In silico screening of chemicals for bacterial mutagenicity using electrotopological E-state indices and MDL QSAR software AN - 19766532; 6633947 AB - Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) software offers a rapid, cost effective means of prioritizing the mutagenic potential of chemicals. MDL QSAR models were developed using atom-type E-state indices and non-parametric discriminant analysis. Models were developed for Salmonella typhimurium gene mutation, combining results from strains TA97, TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1536, TA1537, and TA1538 (n=3228), and Escherichia coli gene mutation tests WP2, WP100, and polA (n=472). Composite microbial mutation models (n=3338) were developed combining all Salmonella, E. coli, and the Bacillus subtilis rec spot test study results. The datasets contained 74% non-pharmaceuticals and 26% pharmaceuticals. Salmonella and microbial mutagenesis external validation studies included a total of 1444 and 1485 compounds, respectively. The average specificity, sensitivity, positive predictivity, concordance, and coverage of Salmonella models was 76, 81, 73, 78, and 98%, respectively, with similar performance for the microbial mutagenesis models. MDL QSAR and discriminant analysis provides rapid and highly automated mutagenicity screening software with good specificity, sensitivity, and coverage that is simpler and requires less user intervention than other similar software. MDL QSAR modules for microbial mutagenicity can provide efficient and cost effective large scale screening of compounds for mutagenic potential for the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. JF - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Contrera, J F AU - Matthews, E J AU - Kruhlak, N L AU - Benz, R D AD - Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Science, Informatics and Computational Safety Analysis Staff (ICSAS), 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, USA, contrerajf@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 313 EP - 323 VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Mutagenicity KW - Bacillus subtilis KW - Mathematical models KW - Point mutation KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - Mutagenesis KW - Models KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Escherichia coli KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Structure-activity relationships KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19766532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=In+silico+screening+of+chemicals+for+bacterial+mutagenicity+using+electrotopological+E-state+indices+and+MDL+QSAR+software&rft.au=Contrera%2C+J+F%3BMatthews%2C+E+J%3BKruhlak%2C+N+L%3BBenz%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Contrera&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.yrtph.2005.09.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; Mutagenicity; software; Mathematical models; Point mutation; Pharmaceuticals; Structure-activity relationships; Models; Mutagenesis; Bacillus subtilis; Escherichia coli; Salmonella typhimurium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2005.09.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Economic Evaluation of the 7-Vaccine Routine Childhood Immunization Schedule in the United States, 2001 AN - 19725799; 6581727 AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the economic impact of the routine US childhood immunization schedule: diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis; tetanus and diphtheria toxoids; Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate; inactivated poliovirus; measles, mumps, and rubella; hepatitis B; and varicella vaccines. DESIGN: Decision tree-based analysis was conducted using population-based vaccination coverage, published vaccine efficacies, historical data on disease incidence before vaccination, and disease incidence reported for 1995-2001. Costs were estimated using the direct cost and societal (direct and indirect costs) perspectives. Program costs included vaccine, administration, vaccine-associated adverse events, and parent travel and time lost. All costs were inflated to 2001 US dollars, and all costs and benefits in the future were discounted at a 3% annual rate. PARTICIPANTS: A hypothetical 2001 US birth cohort of 3 803 295 infants was followed up from birth through death. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Net present value (net savings) and benefit-cost ratios of routine immunization. RESULTS: Routine childhood immunization with the 7 vaccines was cost saving from the direct cost and societal perspectives, with net savings of $9.9 billion and $43.3 billion, respectively. Without routine vaccination, direct and societal costs of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, H influenzae type b, poliomyelitis, measles, mumps, rubella, congenital rubella syndrome, hepatitis B, and varicella would be $12.3 billion and $46.6 billion, respectively. Direct and societal costs for the vaccination program were an estimated $2.3 billion and $2.8 billion, respectively. Direct and societal benefit-cost ratios for routine childhood vaccination were 5.3 and 16.5, respectively. CONCLUSION: Regardless of the perspective, the current routine childhood immunization schedule results in substantial cost savings. JF - Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine AU - Zhou, Fangjun AU - Santoli, Jeanne AU - Messonnier, Mark L AU - Yusuf, Hussain R AU - Shefer, Abigail AU - Chu, Susan Y AU - Rodewald, Lance AU - Harpaz, Rafael AD - National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Ga. Dr Yusuf is now with UNICEF, New Delhi, India Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 1136 EP - 1144 PB - American Medical Association, 515 N. State St. Chicago IL 60610 USA VL - 159 IS - 12 SN - 1072-4710, 1072-4710 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Pertussis KW - Poliovirus KW - Haemophilus influenzae KW - Data processing KW - Measles KW - Adolescence KW - Diphtheria KW - Toxoids KW - Tetanus KW - Children KW - Rubella KW - Congenital rubella KW - Poliomyelitis KW - Economics KW - Hepatitis B KW - Vaccines KW - Mumps KW - Varicella KW - Infants KW - F 06905:Vaccines KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19725799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Pediatrics+%26+Adolescent+Medicine&rft.atitle=Economic+Evaluation+of+the+7-Vaccine+Routine+Childhood+Immunization+Schedule+in+the+United+States%2C+2001&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Fangjun%3BSantoli%2C+Jeanne%3BMessonnier%2C+Mark+L%3BYusuf%2C+Hussain+R%3BShefer%2C+Abigail%3BChu%2C+Susan+Y%3BRodewald%2C+Lance%3BHarpaz%2C+Rafael&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Fangjun&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Pediatrics+%26+Adolescent+Medicine&rft.issn=10724710&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pertussis; Data processing; Measles; Adolescence; Toxoids; Diphtheria; Children; Tetanus; Rubella; Poliomyelitis; Congenital rubella; Economics; Hepatitis B; Vaccines; Mumps; Infants; Varicella; Poliovirus; Haemophilus influenzae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Professional Training in Youth Violence Prevention A Commentary by the Surgeon General AN - 19722065; 8790945 AB - Abstract not available. JF - American Journal of Preventive Medicine AU - Carmona, Richard H AD - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 173 EP - 174 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0749-3797, 0749-3797 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Training KW - prevention KW - Violence KW - Medical personnel KW - Adolescents KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19722065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Preventive+Medicine&rft.atitle=Health+Professional+Training+in+Youth+Violence+Prevention+A+Commentary+by+the+Surgeon+General&rft.au=Carmona%2C+Richard+H&rft.aulast=Carmona&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Preventive+Medicine&rft.issn=07493797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.amepre.2005.08.018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Violence; Adolescents; prevention; Training; Medical personnel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2005.08.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Nested Case-Control Study of Leukemia Mortality and Ionizing Radiation at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard AN - 19702469; 6656792 AB - A nested case-control study using conditional logistic regression was conducted to evaluate the exposure-response relationship between external ionizing radiation exposure and leukemia mortality among civilian workers at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard (PNS), Kittery, Maine. The PNS civilian workers received occupational radiation exposure while performing construction, overhaul, repair and refueling activities on nuclear-powered submarines. The study age-matched 115 leukemia deaths with 460 controls selected from a cohort of 37,853 civilian workers employed at PNS between 1952 and 1992. In addition to radiation doses received in the workplace, a secondary analysis incorporating doses from work-related medical X rays and other occupational radiation exposures was conducted. A significant positive association was found between leukemia mortality and external radiation exposure, adjusting for gender, radiation worker status, and solvent exposure duration (OR = 1.08 at 10 mSv of exposure; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.16). Solvent exposure (including benzene and carbon tetrachloride) was also significantly associated with leukemia mortality adjusting for radiation dose, radiation worker status, and gender. Incorporating doses from work-related medical X rays did not change the estimated leukemia risk per unit of dose. JF - Radiation Research AU - Kubale, T L AU - Daniels, R D AU - Yiin, J H AU - Couch, J AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M K AU - Kinnes, G M AU - Silver AU - Nowlin, S J AU - Chen, P AD - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies (DSHEFS), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 810 EP - 819 PB - Radiation Research Society VL - 164 IS - 6 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Solvents KW - USA, Maine, Kittery KW - Benzene KW - submarines KW - Leukemia KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - secondary analysis KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Gender KW - USA, Maine KW - Occupational exposure KW - USA, New Hampshire, Portsmouth KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19702469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Research&rft.atitle=A+Nested+Case-Control+Study+of+Leukemia+Mortality+and+Ionizing+Radiation+at+the+Portsmouth+Naval+Shipyard&rft.au=Kubale%2C+T+L%3BDaniels%2C+R+D%3BYiin%2C+J+H%3BCouch%2C+J%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+M+K%3BKinnes%2C+G+M%3BSilver%3BNowlin%2C+S+J%3BChen%2C+P&rft.aulast=Kubale&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=164&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=810&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0033-7587%282005%291642.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0033-7587&volume=164&issue=6&page=810 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Leukemia; Carbon tetrachloride; Ionizing radiation; Solvents; Benzene; Occupational exposure; submarines; secondary analysis; Gender; USA, Maine; USA, Maine, Kittery; USA, New Hampshire, Portsmouth DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0033-7587(2005)164[0810:ANCSOL]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and regulation of monoclonal antibody products: Challenges and opportunities AN - 19449172; 7015414 AB - An increasing number of monoclonal antibodies for cancer diagnosis and treatment are in clinical use and in the development pipeline, with more expected as new molecular targets are identified. As with all drugs, product quality, an appropriate pre-clinical pharmacology-toxicology testing program, and well-designed clinical trials are essential for a successful drug development program. However, protein products such as monoclonal antibodies present unique regulatory concerns. The derivation from biological sources as well as the constantly evolving technologies utilized to develop these products demands continuous appraisal of safety concerns, even while the accumulated experience with these protein products has facilitated their safety evaluations. Because of the complex nature of these products and their inherent heterogeneity, a mechanistic understanding of the mode of action along with careful attention to product design and manufacture are critical to assuring a safe, effective and consistent product. Protein products may be highly species specific, thus pharmacologically relevant animal models are an important component in accurately assessing pre-clinical safety and establishing initial dosing. Furthermore, the immunogenicity of protein products can impact its safety profile, dose exposure, and efficacy. Mechanistic insight should form the basis of biological assays used for monitoring efficacy, safety, lot-to-lot consistency and manufacturing changes. The inherent uniqueness of each product necessitates a flexible case-by-case approach for biologics review that is based on a strong scientific understanding of relative risks. This review will provide an overview of approaches used in the development of antibody-based cancer therapeutics and the scientific basis of regulatory reviews. JF - Cancer and Metastasis Reviews AU - Weinberg, Wendy C AU - Frazier-Jessen, Michelle R AU - Wu, Wen Jin AU - Weir, Andrea AU - Hartsough, Melanie AU - Keegan, Patricia AU - Fuchs, Chana AD - Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, Michelle.Jessen@fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 569 EP - 584 PB - Springer-Verlag (New York), P.O. Box 2485 Secaucus NJ 07096-2485 USA, [mailto:orders@springer-ny.com], [URL:http://www.springer-ny.com/] VL - 24 IS - 4 SN - 0167-7659, 0167-7659 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Metastases KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Immunogenicity KW - Reviews KW - Animal models KW - Drug development KW - Clinical trials KW - Cancer KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19449172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+and+Metastasis+Reviews&rft.atitle=Development+and+regulation+of+monoclonal+antibody+products%3A+Challenges+and+opportunities&rft.au=Weinberg%2C+Wendy+C%3BFrazier-Jessen%2C+Michelle+R%3BWu%2C+Wen+Jin%3BWeir%2C+Andrea%3BHartsough%2C+Melanie%3BKeegan%2C+Patricia%3BFuchs%2C+Chana&rft.aulast=Weinberg&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+and+Metastasis+Reviews&rft.issn=01677659&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10555-005-6196-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metastases; Risk assessment; Immunogenicity; Monoclonal antibodies; Reviews; Animal models; Drug development; Clinical trials; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-005-6196-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research Strategies for Safety Evaluation of Nanomaterials, Part III: Nanoscale Technologies for Assessing Risk and Improving Public Health AN - 19392325; 7145500 AB - Risk assessment in the environmental health sciences focuses on understanding the nature of environmental exposures and the potential harm posed by those exposures which in turn is determined by the perturbation of biological pathways and the individual's susceptibility to damage. While there are extensive research efforts ongoing in these areas, progress in each is currently slowed by technological limitations including comprehensive assessment of multiple exposures in real time and dynamic assessment of biological response with high temporal and quantitative resolution. This Forum article discusses recent technological innovations capitalizing on the emergent properties of nanoscale materials and their potential adaptation to improving individual exposure assessment, determination of biological response, and environmental remediation. The ultimate goal is to raise the environmental health science community's awareness of these possibilities and encourage the development of improved strategies for assessing risk and improving public health. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Balshaw, David M AU - Philbert, Martin AU - Suk, William A AD - Center for Risk and Integrated Sciences, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029 Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 298 EP - 306 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 88 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Bioremediation KW - Adaptations KW - Environmental health KW - innovations KW - Nanotechnology KW - Public health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19392325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Research+Strategies+for+Safety+Evaluation+of+Nanomaterials%2C+Part+III%3A+Nanoscale+Technologies+for+Assessing+Risk+and+Improving+Public+Health&rft.au=Balshaw%2C+David+M%3BPhilbert%2C+Martin%3BSuk%2C+William+A&rft.aulast=Balshaw&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Adaptations; Public health; Bioremediation; Environmental health; innovations; Nanotechnology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Childhood exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and chronic respiratory symptoms in non-smoking adults: The Singapore Chinese Health Study AN - 19392287; 7145484 AB - BACKGROUND: Childhood exposure to environmental tobacco smoke has been extensively associated with childhood respiratory illness; fewer studies have addressed the effects on adults. METHODS: Childhood environmental tobacco smoke exposure in relation to chronic cough, phlegm, and asthma diagnosis was studied in never smokers from a cohort of Singaporeans of Chinese ethnicity aged 45-74 years at enrolment from 1993 to 1998. From 1999 to 2004 subjects were interviewed regarding environmental tobacco smoke exposure before and after the age of 18 and the presence and duration of current symptoms of chronic cough and phlegm production and asthma diagnosis. RESULTS: Among 35 000 never smokers, fewer had smoking mothers (19%) than fathers (48%). Although few subjects currently lived (20%) or worked (4%) with smokers, 65% reported living with a daily smoker before the age of 18 years. Living with a smoker before the age of 18 increased the odds of chronic dry cough (149 cases, odds ratio 2.1, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.3) and, to a lesser extent, phlegm, after adjustment for age, sex, dialect group, and current and past exposure to smokers at home and at work after the age of 18. Associations strengthened with higher numbers of smokers in childhood. There was no association with asthma or chronic bronchitis. There was evidence to suggest a stronger association among subjects with a lower adult intake of fibre which has previously been found to be protective for respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: In this large study of non-smokers, living with a smoker in childhood was associated with chronic dry cough and phlegm in adulthood, independent of later exposures to environmental tobacco smoke. JF - Thorax AU - David, G L AU - Koh, W-P AU - Lee, H-P AU - Yu, M C AU - London, S J AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 1052 EP - 1058 PB - B M J Publishing Group, B.M.A. House Tavistock Sq. London WC1H 9JR UK VL - 60 IS - 12 SN - 0040-6376, 0040-6376 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Smoke KW - Smoking KW - Tobacco KW - Cough KW - Asthma KW - Bronchitis KW - Children KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19392287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thorax&rft.atitle=Childhood+exposure+to+environmental+tobacco+smoke+and+chronic+respiratory+symptoms+in+non-smoking+adults%3A+The+Singapore+Chinese+Health+Study&rft.au=David%2C+G+L%3BKoh%2C+W-P%3BLee%2C+H-P%3BYu%2C+M+C%3BLondon%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=David&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1052&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Thorax&rft.issn=00406376&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Smoking; Tobacco; Asthma; Cough; Bronchitis; Children ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incidence of haematopoietic malignancies in US radiologic technologists AN - 19376058; 7144855 AB - BACKGROUND: There are limited data on risks of haematopoietic malignancies associated with protracted low-to-moderate dose radiation. AIMS: To contribute the first incidence risk estimates for haematopoietic malignancies in relation to work history, procedures, practices, and protective measures in a large population of mostly female medical radiation workers. METHODS: The investigators followed up 71 894 (77.9% female) US radiologic technologists, first certified during 1926-80, from completion of a baseline questionnaire (1983-89) to return of a second questionnaire (1994-98), diagnosis of a first cancer, death, or 31 August 1998 (731 306 person-years), whichever occurred first. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to compute risks. RESULTS: Relative risks (RR) for leukaemias other than chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (non-CLL, 41 cases) were increased among technologists working five or more years before 1950 (RR = 6.6, 95% CI 1.0 to 41.9, based on seven cases) or holding patients 50 or more times for x ray examination (RR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.4). Risks of non-CLL leukaemias were not significantly related to the number of years subjects worked in more recent periods, the year or age first worked, the total years worked, specific procedures or equipment used, or personal radiotherapy. Working as a radiologic technologist was not significantly linked with risk of multiple myeloma (28 cases), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (118 cases), Hodgkin's lymphoma (31 cases), or chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (23 cases). CONCLUSION: Similar to results for single acute dose and fractionated high dose radiation exposures, there was increased risk for non-CLL leukaemias decades after initial protracted radiation exposure that likely cumulated to low-to-moderate doses. JF - Occupational and Environmental Medicine AU - Linet, M S AU - Freedman, D M AU - Mohan, A K AU - Doody, M M AU - Ron, E AU - Mabuchi, K AU - Alexander, B H AU - Sigurdson, A AU - Hauptmann, M AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 861 EP - 867 PB - B M J Publishing Group, B.M.A. House Tavistock Sq. London WC1H 9JR UK VL - 62 IS - 12 SN - 1351-0711, 1351-0711 KW - hematopoietic malignancies KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Historical account KW - Mortality KW - Inventories KW - Hodgkin's disease KW - Radiotherapy KW - radiotherapy KW - Medical personnel KW - Cancer KW - Leukemia KW - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma KW - USA KW - Malignancy KW - Multiple myeloma KW - lymphoma KW - Chronic lymphatic leukemia KW - Occupational exposure KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19376058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=Incidence+of+haematopoietic+malignancies+in+US+radiologic+technologists&rft.au=Linet%2C+M+S%3BFreedman%2C+D+M%3BMohan%2C+A+K%3BDoody%2C+M+M%3BRon%2C+E%3BMabuchi%2C+K%3BAlexander%2C+B+H%3BSigurdson%2C+A%3BHauptmann%2C+M&rft.aulast=Linet&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=861&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.issn=13510711&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; Inventories; Malignancy; Hodgkin's disease; Multiple myeloma; Radiotherapy; Chronic lymphatic leukemia; Cancer; Mortality; Historical account; Leukemia; radiotherapy; lymphoma; Medical personnel; Occupational exposure; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction and Expression of Cutinase Activity during Saprophytic Growth of the Fungal Plant Pathogen, Glomerella cingulata AN - 19309487; 8333282 AB - The fungus Glomerella cingulata damages a wide range of crops in the tropics and subtropics. This fungus produces an extracellular enzyme, cutinase, which has been implicated in the plant disease process. A cutin monomer, 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid was used to induce cutinolytic esterase activity during saprophytic growth of G. cingulata. Cutinolytic esterase was induced in cultures grown in cutin monomer but was repressed by glucose. The pattern of cutinolytic activity obtained from the induction and enzyme assays correlates with the results of the Northern blot analyses. The cutinolytic activity and expression from this study demonstrates that the enzyme is tightly regulated by the cutin monomer, 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid. JF - Asia-Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology AU - Bakar, FDA AU - Murad, AMA AU - Hamid, A A AU - Zamrod, Z AU - Mahadi, N M AU - Sullivan, P AD - School of BioSciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia, fabyff@pkrisc.cc.ukm.my Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 63 EP - 69 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0128-7451, 0128-7451 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Extracellular enzymes KW - Plant diseases KW - Crop KW - esterase KW - Cutinase KW - Glomerella cingulata KW - Glucose KW - Enzymes KW - Pathogens KW - Crops KW - Monomers KW - Cutin KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - W 30940:Products KW - X 24300:Methods KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19309487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asia-Pacific+Journal+of+Molecular+Biology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Induction+and+Expression+of+Cutinase+Activity+during+Saprophytic+Growth+of+the+Fungal+Plant+Pathogen%2C+Glomerella+cingulata&rft.au=Bakar%2C+FDA%3BMurad%2C+AMA%3BHamid%2C+A+A%3BZamrod%2C+Z%3BMahadi%2C+N+M%3BSullivan%2C+P&rft.aulast=Bakar&rft.aufirst=FDA&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asia-Pacific+Journal+of+Molecular+Biology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01287451&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Extracellular enzymes; Monomers; Cutin; Crop; Plant diseases; esterase; Cutinase; Glucose; Enzymes; Pathogens; Crops; Glomerella cingulata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial identification by near-infrared chemical imaging of food-specific cards AN - 17509801; 6391857 AB - Near-infrared chemical imaging (NIR-CI) is investigated as a tool for the high-throughput analysis of self-contained microbial identification test cards for micro-organisms of concern in food. In this initial work, a NIR-CI system operating in the spectral range 1000-2350nm was used to acquire NIR chemical images of bacterial cells deposited on a 'card', containing both the calibration and test samples. Results show that some bacteria can be identified from differences observed at unique wavelengths, and that a standard operating procedure can be developed for a particular 'card' to differentiate and hence identify the various organisms it contains using discrete wavelengths. For situations where a particular organism of concern is sought, a PLS chemometric model may offer better performance by accounting for variables that can be incorporated in the calibration without the need to know the taxonomic identity of the complete complement of bacteria present on the 'card'. Overall, the NIR-CI results obtained in this investigation show that this high throughput technique possesses the specificity required to differentiate bacteria on the basis of their NIR spectra. JF - Food Microbiology AU - Dubois, J AU - Neil Lewis, E AU - Fry, F S AU - Calvey, E M AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 5100Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD 20740, USA, frederick.fry@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 577 EP - 583 VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 0740-0020, 0740-0020 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Food KW - Wavelength KW - imaging KW - A 01017:Human foods KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - J 02704:Enumeration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17509801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Bacterial+identification+by+near-infrared+chemical+imaging+of+food-specific+cards&rft.au=Dubois%2C+J%3BNeil+Lewis%2C+E%3BFry%2C+F+S%3BCalvey%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Dubois&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=07400020&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fm.2005.01.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food; Wavelength; imaging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2005.01.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of mouse skin to tattooing: use of SKH-1 mice as a surrogate model for human tattooing AN - 17474102; 6634426 AB - Tattooing is a popular cosmetic practice involving more than 45 million US citizens. Since the toxicology of tattoo inks and pigments used to formulate tattoo inks has not been reported, we studied the immunological impact of tattooing and determined recovery time from this trauma. SKH-1 hairless mice were tattooed using commercial tattoo inks or suspensions of titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfide, or iron oxide, and sacrificed at 0.5, 1, 3, 4, 7, or 14 days post-tattooing. Histological evaluation revealed dermal hemorrhage at 0.5 and 1 day. Acute inflammation and epidermal necrosis were initiated at 0.5 day decreasing in incidence by day 14. Dermal necrosis and epidermal hyperplasia were prominent by day 3, reducing in severity by day 14. Chronic active inflammation persisted in all tattooed mice from day 3 to 14 post-tattooing. Inguinal and axillary lymph nodes were pigmented, the inguinal being most reactive as evidenced by lymphoid hyperplasia and polymorphonuclear infiltration. Cutaneous nuclear protein concentrations of nuclear factor-kappa B were elevated between 0.5 and 4 days. Inflammatory and proliferative biomarkers, cyclooxygenase-1, cyclooxygenase-2, and ornithine decarboxylase protein levels were elevated between 0.5 and 4 days in the skin and decreased to control levels by day 14. Interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-10 were elevated in the lymph nodes but suppressed in the tattooed skin, with maximal suppression occurring between days 0.5 and 4. These data demonstrate that mice substantially recover from the tattooing insult by 14 days, leaving behind pigment in the dermis and the regional lymph nodes. The response seen in mice is similar to acute injury seen in humans, suggesting that the murine model might be a suitable surrogate for investigating the toxicological and phototoxicological properties of ingredients used in tattooing. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Gopee, N V AU - Cui, Y AU - Olson, G AU - Warbritton, A R AU - Miller, B J AU - Couch, L H AU - Wamer, W G AU - Howard, P C AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, PHoward@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Dec 01 SP - 145 EP - 158 VL - 209 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Skin KW - iron oxides KW - Animal models KW - Cosmetics KW - Hemorrhage KW - Lymph nodes KW - Inflammation KW - Hyperplasia KW - Necrosis KW - Titanium dioxide KW - Pigments KW - Tattoos KW - X 24140:Cosmetics, toiletries & household products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17474102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Response+of+mouse+skin+to+tattooing%3A+use+of+SKH-1+mice+as+a+surrogate+model+for+human+tattooing&rft.au=Gopee%2C+N+V%3BCui%2C+Y%3BOlson%2C+G%3BWarbritton%2C+A+R%3BMiller%2C+B+J%3BCouch%2C+L+H%3BWamer%2C+W+G%3BHoward%2C+P+C&rft.aulast=Gopee&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=209&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2005.04.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Necrosis; Hyperplasia; Titanium dioxide; Skin; iron oxides; Pigments; Animal models; Cosmetics; Hemorrhage; Tattoos; Lymph nodes; Inflammation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2005.04.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microarray and allele specific PCR detection of point mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis genes associated with drug resistance AN - 17463666; 6634337 AB - Global public health is threatened by the emergence of potentially dangerous antibiotic drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Point mutations in certain M. tuberculosis genes are associated with the resistance of M. tuberculosis strains to antibiotic drugs. The purpose of this study was to develop a suitable microarray-based protocol for the detection of point mutations in M. tuberculosis genes associated with drug resistance. We initially developed a conventional, oligonucleotide microarray protocol and used it to detect and identify on a single microarray slide a number of point mutation-containing rpoB and katG gene target sequences. However, the occurrence of some non-specific hybridization led us to the development of an improved protocol based on allele specific PCR combined with tags/anti-tags and microarrays. This protocol was evaluated by detecting point mutations in M. tuberculosis katG and rpoB gene templates produced by recombinant PCR. The methodology allowed sequences containing single point mutations to be readily distinguished from wild type sequences. The data obtained with the improved protocol had strong and specific signals and relatively low amounts of non-specific hybridization. We successfully used this protocol to detect and identify (<8 h) a number of clinically relevant point mutations in the rpoB, katG and rpsL genes of M. tuberculosis clinical isolates. Our allele specific PCR/tags and anti-tags/microarray protocol has several advantages over our conventional oligonucleotide microarray protocol, and it may have broad applications for point mutation detection. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Tang, X AU - Morris, S L AU - Langone, J J AU - Bockstahler, LE AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20850, United States, xxt4@cdrh.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 318 EP - 330 PB - Elsevier B.V. VL - 63 IS - 3 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Clinical isolates KW - Data processing KW - Drug resistance KW - Point mutation KW - Antibiotics KW - DNA microarrays KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Public health KW - katG gene KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Tuberculosis KW - RpoB protein KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis KW - rpoB gene KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - W2 32243:Molecular methods KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17463666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Microarray+and+allele+specific+PCR+detection+of+point+mutations+in+Mycobacterium+tuberculosis+genes+associated+with+drug+resistance&rft.au=Tang%2C+X%3BMorris%2C+S+L%3BLangone%2C+J+J%3BBockstahler%2C+LE&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mimet.2005.04.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clinical isolates; Data processing; Drug resistance; Point mutation; Antibiotics; Oligonucleotides; DNA microarrays; Public health; katG gene; Polymerase chain reaction; Tuberculosis; RpoB protein; rpoB gene; Mycobacterium tuberculosis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2005.04.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial metal detectors AN - 17438677; 6555897 AB - Gram negative bacteria can detect environmental iron using outer membrane transporters (OMTs), and then regulate certain transport genes to take advantage of a readily available iron source. This process begins with an iron complex being bound by an OMT, and results in a signal being sent across the outer membrane, the periplasmic space, and the inner membrane, to a sigma factor that interacts with RNA polymerase and initiates transcription of relevant genes. Many of the interactions contributing to signalling have been observed by genetic and biochemical studies, but structural studies, which potentially show these interactions in molecular detail, have been limited. In this issue, Garcia-Herrero and Vogel describe an NMR structure of the periplasmic domain of an OMT, which had not been seen in previous X-ray crystal structures. This domain transmits the 'iron availability' signal to the next protein in the signal transduction cascade, which sits in the inner membrane and extends into the periplasm. The new structure extends our knowledge of transporter architecture and suggests how signalling may occur across the outer membrane. JF - Molecular Microbiology AU - Buchanan, Susan K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, skbuchan@helix.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 1205 EP - 1209 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 58 IS - 5 SN - 0950-382X, 0950-382X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - Metals KW - Periplasmic space KW - Heavy metals KW - Outer membranes KW - Transcription KW - DNA-directed RNA polymerase KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Gram-negative bacteria KW - Inner membranes KW - Crystal structure KW - N.M.R. KW - Sigma factor KW - Iron KW - periplasm KW - Signal transduction KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17438677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Bacterial+metal+detectors&rft.au=Buchanan%2C+Susan+K&rft.aulast=Buchanan&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Microbiology&rft.issn=0950382X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2958.2005.04904.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 3; references, 14. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Heavy metals; Periplasmic space; Outer membranes; Transcription; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Inner membranes; Gram-negative bacteria; Ionizing radiation; Crystal structure; N.M.R.; Sigma factor; periplasm; Iron; Signal transduction; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04904.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cocaine-induced CREB phosphorylation in nucleus accumbens of cocaine-sensitized rats is enabled by enhanced activation of extracellular signal-related kinase, but not protein kinase A AN - 17435276; 6552992 AB - Repeated cocaine administration to rats outside their home cages sensitizes the behavioral effects of the drug, and enhances induction of the immediate early gene product Fos in nucleus accumbens. We hypothesized that the same treatment regimen would also enhance cocaine-induced activation of intracellular signaling kinases that phosphorylate cyclic AMP-regulated element-binding protein (CREB), an important mediator of c-fos transcription. Phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), calcium-calmodulin kinases (CaMKs) II and IV, and CREB were used to assess endogenous functional activity of these signaling molecules in rats behaviorally sensitized outside their home cages. Protein kinase A (PKA)-specific phosphorylation of Ser845 in the alpha -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA) receptor subunit GluR1 was used to assess endogenous functional activity of PKA. Using western blots and immunohistochemistry, we detected cocaine-induced CREB phosphorylation after repeated cocaine administration, but not after repeated saline administration. Using western blots and MAPK activity assays, we found that cocaine-induced phosphorylation and activation of ERK, but not of CaMKs II or IV or GluR1, was augmented in nucleus accumbens of cocaine-sensitized rats. Unilateral infusions of the MAPK kinase inhibitor U0126 into nucleus accumbens attenuated cocaine-induced ERK and CREB phosphorylation in cocaine-sensitized rats. In contrast, unilateral infusions of the PKA inhibitor Rp-isomer of adenosine-3',5'-cyclicmonophosphorothioate (Rp-cAMPs) did not affect cocaine-induced CREB phosphorylation. Therefore, enhanced activation of ERK, but not PKA, enables and mediates cocaine-induced CREB phosphorylation in nucleus accumbens of rats that are sensitized by repeated cocaine administration outside their home cages. JF - Journal of Neurochemistry AU - Mattson, Brandi J AU - Bossert, Jennifer M AU - Simmons, Danielle E AU - Nozaki, Naohito AU - Nagarkar, Deepti AU - Kreuter, Justin D AU - Hope, Bruce T AD - Behavioral Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, bhope@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 1481 EP - 1494 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 95 IS - 5 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Intracellular signalling KW - Western blotting KW - Nucleus accumbens KW - MAP kinase KW - Protein kinase A KW - Transcription KW - c-Fos protein KW - Drug abuse KW - alpha -Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors KW - Glutamic acid receptors (ionotropic) KW - Fos protein KW - Extracellular signal-regulated kinase KW - Phosphorylation KW - alpha -Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid KW - Cocaine KW - Ca super(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein KW - Signal transduction KW - N3 11106:Neurobiology of drug abuse KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17435276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Neurochemistry&rft.atitle=Cocaine-induced+CREB+phosphorylation+in+nucleus+accumbens+of+cocaine-sensitized+rats+is+enabled+by+enhanced+activation+of+extracellular+signal-related+kinase%2C+but+not+protein+kinase+A&rft.au=Mattson%2C+Brandi+J%3BBossert%2C+Jennifer+M%3BSimmons%2C+Danielle+E%3BNozaki%2C+Naohito%3BNagarkar%2C+Deepti%3BKreuter%2C+Justin+D%3BHope%2C+Bruce+T&rft.aulast=Mattson&rft.aufirst=Brandi&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Neurochemistry&rft.issn=00223042&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1471-4159.2005.03500.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 9; references, 65. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nucleus accumbens; Western blotting; Intracellular signalling; Protein kinase A; MAP kinase; Transcription; c-Fos protein; Drug abuse; alpha -Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors; Glutamic acid receptors (ionotropic); Fos protein; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; Phosphorylation; alpha -Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid; Cocaine; Immunohistochemistry; Ca super(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II; Signal transduction; Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03500.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Broth Microdilution Susceptibility Testing of Campylobacter jejuni and the Determination of Quality Control Ranges for Fourteen Antimicrobial Agents AN - 17434407; 6579514 AB - Quality control ranges were developed for broth microdilution testing of Campylobacter jejuni ATCC 33560 against 14 antimicrobials. Cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth containing 2.5% laked horse blood was the preferred medium, with incubation in a microaerobic atmosphere of 10% CO sub(2), 5% O sub(2), and 85% N sub(2) at 36 degree C for 48 h or 42 degree C for 24 h. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - McDermott, Patrick F AU - Bodeis-Jones, Sonya M AU - Fritsche, Thomas R AU - Jones, Ronald N AU - Walker, Robert D AD - Food and Drug Administration, Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Laurel, Maryland 20708. JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa 52317 Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 6136 EP - 6138 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 12 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Temperature effects KW - Media KW - Campylobacter jejuni KW - Quality control KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Atmosphere KW - Susceptibility KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - J 02802:Antibacterial Agents: General KW - A 01073:Quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17434407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Broth+Microdilution+Susceptibility+Testing+of+Campylobacter+jejuni+and+the+Determination+of+Quality+Control+Ranges+for+Fourteen+Antimicrobial+Agents&rft.au=McDermott%2C+Patrick+F%3BBodeis-Jones%2C+Sonya+M%3BFritsche%2C+Thomas+R%3BJones%2C+Ronald+N%3BWalker%2C+Robert+D&rft.aulast=McDermott&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=6136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Media; Quality control; Carbon dioxide; Atmosphere; Susceptibility; Antimicrobial agents; Campylobacter jejuni ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Prospective Study of Meat and Meat Mutagens and Prostate Cancer Risk AN - 17434254; 6576594 AB - High-temperature cooked meat contains heterocyclic amines, including 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). In rodents, a high intake of PhIP induces prostate tumors. We prospectively investigated the association between meat and meat mutagens, specifically PhIP, and prostate cancer risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Diet was assessed using a 137-item food frequency questionnaire and a detailed meat-cooking questionnaire linked to a database for BaP and the heterocyclic amines 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-b]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (DiMeIQx), and PhIP. During follow-up, we ascertained a total of 1,338 prostate cancer cases among 29,361 men; of these, 868 were incident cases (diagnosed after the first year of follow-up) and 520 were advanced cases (stage III or IV or a Gleason score of greater than or equal to 7). Total, red, or white meat intake was not associated with prostate cancer risk. More than 10 g/d of very well done meat, compared with no consumption, was associated with a 1.4-fold increased risk of prostate cancer [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.05-1.92] and a 1.7-fold increased risk (95% CI, 1.19-2.40) of incident disease. Although there was no association with MeIQx and DiMeIQx, the highest quintile of PhIP was associated with a 1.2-fold increased risk of prostate cancer (95% CI, 1.01-1.48) and a 1.3-fold increased risk of incident disease (95% CI, 1.01-1.61). In conclusion, very well done meat was positively associated with prostate cancer risk. In addition, this study lends epidemiologic support to the animal studies, which have implicated PhIP as a prostate carcinogen. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(24): 11779-84) JF - Cancer Research AU - Cross, Amanda J AU - Peters, Ulrike AU - Kirsh, Victoria A AU - Andriole, Gerald L AU - Reding, Douglas AU - Hayes, Richard B AU - Sinha, Rashmi AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 11779 EP - 11784 PB - American Association for Cancer Research, 615 Chestnut St., 17th Floor Philadelphia PA 19106-4404 USA, [URL:http://www.aacr.org/] VL - 65 IS - 24 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Meat KW - Diets KW - Mutagens KW - Heterocyclic amines KW - Databases KW - Ovarian cancer KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Prostate cancer KW - Food KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - Carcinogens KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17434254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=A+Prospective+Study+of+Meat+and+Meat+Mutagens+and+Prostate+Cancer+Risk&rft.au=Cross%2C+Amanda+J%3BPeters%2C+Ulrike%3BKirsh%2C+Victoria+A%3BAndriole%2C+Gerald+L%3BReding%2C+Douglas%3BHayes%2C+Richard+B%3BSinha%2C+Rashmi&rft.aulast=Cross&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=11779&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Meat; Ovarian cancer; Databases; Heterocyclic amines; Mutagens; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Prostate cancer; Food; Benzo(a)pyrene; Carcinogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protective effects of Vitamin E on endocrine disruptors, PCB-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity AN - 17228295; 6906350 AB - The protective effect of an antioxidant, Vitamin E (dl- alpha -tocopherol, 100 mg/kg/day, 8 days p.o. in vivo and 10 and 50 mu M in vitro) was tested against PCB-induced neurotoxicity. In vivo studies Microdialysis was used to investigate changes in the striatal extracellular dopamine level and in p-nNOS expression in PCB-treated (Aroclor 1254, 10 mu g/ml, 2 mu l/min, 5 h; 6 mu g was infused by microdialysis probe) rats. In vitro studies Cell viability and levels of p-nNOS expression were observed in PCB-treated (Aroclor 1254, 5 mu g/ml) immortalized dopaminergic cell line (CATH.a cells). Results Treatment with PCB: (1) decreased the extracellular dopamine level in rat striatum, (2) increased p-nNOS expression both in rat striatal tissue and in CATH.a cells, (3) reduced the cell viability of, and (4) increased LDH release by CATH.a cells. However, Vitamin E showed a protective effect against PCB-induced toxicity and downregulation of the extracellular dopamine level. These results indicate that Vitamin E may have neuroprotective effects by inhibiting PCB-induced nNOS phosphorylation. JF - Toxicology AU - Yun, Jae Suk AU - Na, Han Kwang AU - Park, Ki-Sook AU - Lee, Yun Hee AU - Kim, Eun Yeob AU - Lee, Sung Yong AU - Kim, Joo-Il AU - Kang, Ju-Hee AU - Kim, Dong Sup AU - Choi, Ki Hwan AD - Division of General Pharmacology, National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, 5 Nokbundong, Eunpyung-Gu, Seoul 122-704, South Korea, hyokwa@kfda.go.kr Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 140 EP - 146 PB - Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd., P.O. Box 85 Limerick Ireland VL - 216 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Pollution Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Aroclor 1254 KW - dl- alpha -Tocopherol (Vitamin E) KW - Microdialysis KW - Neuroprotective KW - Nitric oxide synthase KW - Antioxidants KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Probes KW - Neuroprotection KW - Toxicity KW - Rats KW - Vitamin E KW - vitamins KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Dopamine KW - Phosphorylation KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Neostriatum KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - N3 11095:Neuroprotective agents KW - X 24154:Pathology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17228295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Protective+effects+of+Vitamin+E+on+endocrine+disruptors%2C+PCB-induced+dopaminergic+neurotoxicity&rft.au=Yun%2C+Jae+Suk%3BNa%2C+Han+Kwang%3BPark%2C+Ki-Sook%3BLee%2C+Yun+Hee%3BKim%2C+Eun+Yeob%3BLee%2C+Sung+Yong%3BKim%2C+Joo-Il%3BKang%2C+Ju-Hee%3BKim%2C+Dong+Sup%3BChoi%2C+Ki+Hwan&rft.aulast=Yun&rft.aufirst=Jae&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=216&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tox.2005.08.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antioxidants; endocrine disruptors; Probes; Neuroprotection; Microdialysis; Vitamin E; Dopamine; polychlorinated biphenyls; Phosphorylation; Neostriatum; Neurotoxicity; Aroclor 1254; PCB; Rats; vitamins; Toxicity; PCB compounds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2005.08.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A detailed behavioral analysis of the acute motor effects of caffeine in the rat: involvement of adenosine A sub(1) and A sub(2A) receptors AN - 17205255; 6889206 AB - Rationale: There is no consensus on the contribution of adenosine A sub(1) and A sub(2A) receptor blockade to motor-activating effects of caffeine. Objective: Our aim was to use a detailed and continuous observational method to compare the motor effects induced by caffeine with those induced by selective A sub(1) and A sub(2A) receptor antagonists. Methods: The behavioral repertoire induced by systemic administration of caffeine (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg), A sub(1) receptor antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine (CPT; 1.2, 4.8 and 7.2 mg/kg), and A sub(2A) receptor antagonist 3-(3-hydroxypropyl)-8-(m-methoxystyryl)-7-methyl-1-propargylxan thine phosphate disodium salt (MSX-3; 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg) was analyzed. The effects of pretreatment with the selective A sub(1) receptor agonist N super(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA; 0.1 mg/g) and the selective A sub(2A) receptor agonist 2-p-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino-5'-N-ethylcarboxyamidoad enosine (CGS 21680; 0.2 mg/kg) on the pattern of motor activation induced by caffeine, CPT, or MSX-3 were also examined. Results: The pattern of behavioral activation induced by caffeine was better mimicked by CPT than by MSX-3. Coadministration of CPT and MSX-3 gave different results depending on the dose and the type of behavioral response. CPA was more effective at decreasing the activating effects of caffeine and CPT than those of CGS 21680. On the other hand, CGS 21680 was more effective at decreasing the activating effects of MSX-3 than those of caffeine or CPT. Factor analysis revealed a complex three-dimensional behavioral profile for caffeine that was similar to the profile for CPT and was different from the profile for MSX-3. Conclusions: The results indicate a predominant role for A sub(1) receptors in the motor-activating effects of acutely administered caffeine. JF - Psychopharmacology AU - Antoniou, Katerina AU - Papadopoulou-Daifoti, Zeta AU - Hyphantis, Thomas AU - Papathanasiou, Georgia AU - Bekris, Efstathios AU - Marselos, Marios AU - Panlilio, Leigh AU - Mueller, Christa E AU - Goldberg, Steven R AU - Ferre, Sergi AD - Behavioral Neuroscience Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA, sferre@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 154 EP - 162 PB - Springer-Verlag (Berlin), Heidelberger Platz 3 Berlin 14197 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 183 IS - 2 SN - 0033-3158, 0033-3158 KW - Factor analysis KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Motor activity KW - Caffeine KW - Adenosine A1 receptors KW - Adenosine A2A receptors KW - Y 25777:Mammals (excluding primates) KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17205255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=A+detailed+behavioral+analysis+of+the+acute+motor+effects+of+caffeine+in+the+rat%3A+involvement+of+adenosine+A+sub%281%29+and+A+sub%282A%29+receptors&rft.au=Antoniou%2C+Katerina%3BPapadopoulou-Daifoti%2C+Zeta%3BHyphantis%2C+Thomas%3BPapathanasiou%2C+Georgia%3BBekris%2C+Efstathios%3BMarselos%2C+Marios%3BPanlilio%2C+Leigh%3BMueller%2C+Christa+E%3BGoldberg%2C+Steven+R%3BFerre%2C+Sergi&rft.aulast=Antoniou&rft.aufirst=Katerina&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology&rft.issn=00333158&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00213-005-0173-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Motor activity; Adenosine A1 receptors; Caffeine; Adenosine A2A receptors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-005-0173-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effect of Subject Characteristics and Respirator Features on Respirator Fit AN - 17053052; 6684341 AB - A recent study was conducted to compare five fit test methods for screening out poor-fitting N95 filtering-facepiece respirators. Eighteen models of NIOSH-certified, N95 filtering-facepiece respirators were used to assess the fit test methods by using a simulated workplace protection factor (SWPF) test. The purpose of this companion study was to investigate the effect of subject characteristics (gender and face dimensions) and respirator features on respirator fit. The respirator features studied were design style (folding and cup style) and number of sizes available (one size fits all, two sizes, and three sizes). Thirty-three subjects participated in this study. Each was measured for 12 face dimensions using traditional calipers and tape. From this group, 25 subjects with face size categories 1 to 10 tested each respirator. The SWPF test protocol entailed using the PortaCount Plus to determine a SWPF based on total penetration (face-seal leakage plus filter penetration) while the subject performed six simulated workplace movements. Six tests were conducted for each subject/respirator model combination with redonning between tests. The respirator design style (folding style and cup style) did not have a significant effect on respirator fit in this study. The number of respirator sizes available for a model had significant impact on respirator fit on the panel for cup-style respirators with one and two sizes available. There was no significant difference in the geometric mean fit factor between male and female subjects for 16 of the 18 respirator models. Subsets of one to six face dimensions were found to be significantly correlated with SWPFs (p < 0.05) in 16 of the 33 respirator model/respirator size combinations. Bigonial breadth, face width, face length, and nose protrusion appeared the most in subsets (five or six) of face dimensions and their multiple linear regression coefficients were significantly different from zero (p < 0.05). Lip length was found in only one subset. The use of face length and lip length as the criteria to define the current half-facepiece respirator fit test panel may need to be reconsidered when revising the panel. Based on the findings from this and previous studies, face length and face width are recommended measurements that should be used for defining the panel for half-facepiece respirators. JF - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene AU - Zhuang, Ziqing AU - Coffey, C C AU - Ann, R B AD - National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, P.O. Box 18070, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA, zaz3@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 641 EP - 649 VL - 2 IS - 12 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - fit testing KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Filters KW - Leakage KW - Gender KW - Occupational safety KW - Respirators KW - Protective equipment KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17053052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.atitle=The+Effect+of+Subject+Characteristics+and+Respirator+Features+on+Respirator+Fit&rft.au=Zhuang%2C+Ziqing%3BCoffey%2C+C+C%3BAnn%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Zhuang&rft.aufirst=Ziqing&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15459620500391668 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Filters; Leakage; Occupational safety; Gender; Respirators; Protective equipment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620500391668 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New vaccines against enteric bacteria for children in less developed countries AN - 1323801473; 16614536 AB - Diarrheal diseases represent a major threat to infant survival in less developed countries. A real opportunity now exists to help alleviate this problem through the development of safe and effective multicomponent whole-bacterial cell vaccine(s) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Shigella, two important pathogens for which no licensed vaccine exists. What is preventing realization of this achievement is a lack of focus on the unique needs of children in less developed countries, along with committed and sufficient funding directed toward this goal. Live-attenuated and inactivated whole-cell vaccine candidates, some of which have languished too long, are available for testing, which, if perfomed in a coordinated fashion, can answer key unresolved issues concerning mucosal vaccination against enteric diseases. These candidate vaccines potentially provide a relatively simple intervention which could, if implemented, reduce the impact of these diseases upon the life and productivity of children. JF - Expert Review of Vaccines AU - Walker, Richard I AD - Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, US Food and Drug Administration, 1401 Rockville Pike (HFM-425), Rockville, MD20651-1448, USA., walkerri@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 807 EP - 812 PB - Future Science Group (FSG), Unitec House, 2 Albert Place London N3 1QB United Kingdom VL - 4 IS - 6 SN - 1476-0584, 1476-0584 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Diarrhea KW - Reviews KW - Mucosa KW - Escherichia coli KW - Shigella KW - Vaccines KW - Pathogens KW - Children KW - Infants KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1323801473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Expert+Review+of+Vaccines&rft.atitle=New+vaccines+against+enteric+bacteria+for+children+in+less+developed+countries&rft.au=Walker%2C+Richard+I&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Expert+Review+of+Vaccines&rft.issn=14760584&rft_id=info:doi/10.1586%2F14760584.4.6.807 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diarrhea; Reviews; Mucosa; Pathogens; Vaccines; Children; Infants; Escherichia coli; Shigella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14760584.4.6.807 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Future Directions in Smoke Free Environments - Opportunities for Further Regulation/Legislation T2 - 3rd Australian Tobacco Control Conference AN - 40038430; 3999151 JF - 3rd Australian Tobacco Control Conference AU - Bicevskis, Martin E Y1 - 2005/11/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 23 KW - Smoke KW - Legislation KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40038430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+Australian+Tobacco+Control+Conference&rft.atitle=Future+Directions+in+Smoke+Free+Environments+-+Opportunities+for+Further+Regulation%2FLegislation&rft.au=Bicevskis%2C+Martin+E&rft.aulast=Bicevskis&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2005-11-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+Australian+Tobacco+Control+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tobaccocontrol2005.com/grid.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Graphic Point of Sale Health Warnings in Tasmania T2 - 3rd Australian Tobacco Control Conference AN - 39998816; 3999157 JF - 3rd Australian Tobacco Control Conference AU - Bicevskis, Martin E Y1 - 2005/11/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 23 KW - Australia, Tasmania KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39998816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+Australian+Tobacco+Control+Conference&rft.atitle=Graphic+Point+of+Sale+Health+Warnings+in+Tasmania&rft.au=Bicevskis%2C+Martin+E&rft.aulast=Bicevskis&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2005-11-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+Australian+Tobacco+Control+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tobaccocontrol2005.com/grid.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decreased levels of CXC-chemokines in serum of benzene-exposed workers identified by array-based proteomics. AN - 68821798; 16286641 AB - Benzene is an important industrial chemical and environmental contaminant that causes leukemia. To obtain mechanistic insight into benzene's mechanism of action, we examined the impact of benzene on the human serum proteome in a study of exposed healthy shoe-factory workers and unexposed controls. Two sequential studies were performed, each using sera from 10 workers exposed to benzene (overall mean benzene air level >30 ppm) and 10 controls. Serum samples were subjected to anion-exchange fractionation and bound to three types of ProteinChip arrays (Ciphergen Biosystems, Fremont, CA) [hydrophobic (H50), metal affinity (IMAC3-Cu), and cation exchange (WCX2)]. Protein-expression patterns were detected by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI)-TOF MS. Three proteins (4.1, 7.7, and 9.3 kDa) were consistently down-regulated in exposed compared with control subjects in both studies. All proteins were highly inversely correlated with individual estimates of benzene exposure (r > 0.75). The 7.7- and 9.3-kDa proteins were subsequently identified as platelet factor (PF)4 and connective tissue activating peptide (CTAP)-III. Initial proteomic results for PF4 and CTAP-III were subsequently confirmed in a single experiment using a ProteinChip-array-based immunoassay(Ciphergen Biosystems). The altered expression of the platelet-derived CXC-chemokines (40% and 63% for PF4 and CTAP-III, respectively) could not be explained by changes in absolute platelet counts. Thus, SELDI-TOF analysis of a limited number of exposed and unexposed subjects revealed that lowered expression of PF4 and CTAP-III proteins is a potential biomarker of benzene's early biologic effects and may play a role in the immunosuppressive effects of benzene. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Vermeulen, Roel AU - Lan, Qing AU - Zhang, Luoping AU - Gunn, Laura AU - McCarthy, Diane AU - Woodbury, Ronald L AU - McGuire, Marielena AU - Podust, Vladimir N AU - Li, Guilan AU - Chatterjee, Nilanjan AU - Mu, Ruidong AU - Yin, Songnian AU - Rothman, Nathaniel AU - Smith, Martyn T AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. vermeulr@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/11/22/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 22 SP - 17041 EP - 17046 VL - 102 IS - 47 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Chemokines, CXC KW - Benzene KW - J64922108F KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein Array Analysis KW - Humans KW - Linear Models KW - Biomarkers -- blood KW - Proteomics KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Chemokines, CXC -- blood KW - Benzene -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68821798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Decreased+levels+of+CXC-chemokines+in+serum+of+benzene-exposed+workers+identified+by+array-based+proteomics.&rft.au=Vermeulen%2C+Roel%3BLan%2C+Qing%3BZhang%2C+Luoping%3BGunn%2C+Laura%3BMcCarthy%2C+Diane%3BWoodbury%2C+Ronald+L%3BMcGuire%2C+Marielena%3BPodust%2C+Vladimir+N%3BLi%2C+Guilan%3BChatterjee%2C+Nilanjan%3BMu%2C+Ruidong%3BYin%2C+Songnian%3BRothman%2C+Nathaniel%3BSmith%2C+Martyn+T&rft.aulast=Vermeulen&rft.aufirst=Roel&rft.date=2005-11-22&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=47&rft.spage=17041&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Mar;127(3):419-39 [3277397] Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun;113(6):801-7 [15929907] Am J Ind Med. 1996 Mar;29(3):236-46 [8833776] J Leukoc Biol. 2000 Apr;67(4):471-8 [10770278] J Biol Chem. 2000 Jul 7;275(27):20374-81 [10877842] Blood. 2000 Nov 1;96(9):2965-72 [11049972] Immunol Rev. 2000 Oct;177:204-16 [11138777] Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2001 May;13(3):202-8 [11333349] Transfus Med. 2001 Dec;11(6):403-17 [11851938] J Immunol. 2002 Jul 15;169(2):770-7 [12097379] Am J Ind Med. 2002 Oct;42(4):275-85 [12271475] Semin Immunol. 2003 Feb;15(1):15-21 [12495637] Lung Cancer. 2003 Jun;40(3):267-79 [12781425] BJU Int. 2003 Aug;92(3):223-5 [12887471] Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004 Jan;130(1):98-104 [14732777] Ann Occup Hyg. 2004 Mar;48(2):105-16 [14990432] Novartis Found Symp. 2004;256:173-84; discussion 184-8, 259-69 [15027490] Lab Invest. 2004 Jul;84(7):845-56 [15107802] Am J Ind Med. 1985;7(5-6):395-402 [4003402] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Sep 30;80(3):502-10 [2863880] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Dec;104 Suppl 6:1339-41 [9118917] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Dec;104 Suppl 6:1349-52 [9118919] Am J Ind Med. 1997 Mar;31(3):287-95 [9055951] Blood. 1997 Apr 1;89(7):2328-35 [9116276] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 Jul 16;89(14):1065-71 [9230889] Science. 2004 Dec 3;306(5702):1774-6 [15576619] Stat Med. 1990 Jul;9(7):811-8 [2218183] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of protein-bound residues in shrimp dosed with nitrofurans. AN - 68779743; 16277385 AB - An analytical method was developed for the determination of bound residues of the nitrofuran drugs furazolidone, nitrofurazone, furaltadone, and nitrofurantoin with a sensitivity of 1 ppb in shrimp. In this procedure, shrimp tissue is prewashed with solvents followed by overnight acid hydrolysis, during which the side chains of the bound residues are released and simultaneously derivatized with 2-nitrobenzaldehyde. After liquid-liquid extraction cleanup, the derivatives are detected and quantitated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interface. The method was validated using control shrimp fortified with each side-chain analyte at 1, 2, and 4 ppb. Method accuracies were >80% with coefficients of variation of <20% for all four analytes. Tissues from dosed shrimp were assayed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method for recovering bound residues of nitrofurans. In shrimp dosed with nitrofurans, nitrofurantoin exhibited the lowest level of bound residues. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Chu, Pak-Sin AU - Lopez, Mayda I AD - Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA. pak.chu@fda.gov Y1 - 2005/11/16/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 16 SP - 8934 EP - 8939 VL - 53 IS - 23 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Nitrofurans KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Residues -- analysis KW - Nitrofurans -- analysis KW - Nitrofurans -- administration & dosage KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Penaeidae -- chemistry KW - Nitrofurans -- metabolism KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68779743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Liquid+chromatography-tandem+mass+spectrometry+for+the+determination+of+protein-bound+residues+in+shrimp+dosed+with+nitrofurans.&rft.au=Chu%2C+Pak-Sin%3BLopez%2C+Mayda+I&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Pak-Sin&rft.date=2005-11-16&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=8934&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Role of p53 in Silica-Induced Carcinogenicity T2 - 12th Annual Meeting of Society for Free Radical Biology and Medicine (SFRBM's 12th) AN - 39792577; 4051915 JF - 12th Annual Meeting of Society for Free Radical Biology and Medicine (SFRBM's 12th) AU - Gwinn, Maureen R AU - Leonard, Stephen S AU - Pack, Donna L AU - Vallyathan, Val Y1 - 2005/11/16/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 16 KW - Carcinogenicity KW - P53 protein KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39792577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=12th+Annual+Meeting+of+Society+for+Free+Radical+Biology+and+Medicine+%28SFRBM%27s+12th%29&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+p53+in+Silica-Induced+Carcinogenicity&rft.au=Gwinn%2C+Maureen+R%3BLeonard%2C+Stephen+S%3BPack%2C+Donna+L%3BVallyathan%2C+Val&rft.aulast=Gwinn&rft.aufirst=Maureen&rft.date=2005-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=12th+Annual+Meeting+of+Society+for+Free+Radical+Biology+and+Medicine+%28SFRBM%27s+12th%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/sfrbm2005/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Breast cancer risk following radiotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma: modification by other risk factors. AN - 68755152; 16051739 AB - The importance of genetic and other risk factors in the development of breast cancer after radiotherapy (RT) for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has not been determined. We analyzed data from a breast cancer case-control study (105 patients, 266 control subjects) conducted among 3 817 survivors of HL diagnosed at age 30 years or younger in 6 population-based cancer registries. Odds ratios (ORs) and excess relative risks (ERRs) were calculated using conditional regression. Women who received RT exposure (> or = 5 Gy radiation dose to the breast) had a 2.7-fold increased breast cancer risk (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-5.2), compared with those given less than 5 Gy. RT exposure (> or = 5 Gy) was associated with an OR of 0.8 (95% CI, 0.2-3.4) among women with a first- or second-degree family history of breast or ovarian cancer, and 5.8 (95% CI, 2.1-16.3) among all other women (interaction P = .03). History of a live birth appeared to increase the breast cancer risk associated with RT among women not treated with ovarian-damaging therapies. Breast cancer risk following RT varied little according to other factors. The additional increased relative risk of breast cancer after RT for HL is unlikely to be larger among women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer than among other women. JF - Blood AU - Hill, Deirdre A AU - Gilbert, Ethel AU - Dores, Graça M AU - Gospodarowicz, Mary AU - van Leeuwen, Flora E AU - Holowaty, Eric AU - Glimelius, Bengt AU - Andersson, Michael AU - Wiklund, Tom AU - Lynch, Charles F AU - Van't Veer, Mars AU - Storm, Hans AU - Pukkala, Eero AU - Stovall, Marilyn AU - Curtis, Rochelle E AU - Allan, James M AU - Boice, John D AU - Travis, Lois B AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA. dahill@salud.unm.edu Y1 - 2005/11/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 15 SP - 3358 EP - 3365 VL - 106 IS - 10 SN - 0006-4971, 0006-4971 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Odds Ratio KW - Risk Factors KW - Radiotherapy Dosage KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Hodgkin Disease -- radiotherapy KW - Breast Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Neoplasms, Second Primary -- etiology KW - Breast Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- mortality KW - Neoplasms, Second Primary -- mortality KW - Hodgkin Disease -- complications KW - Hodgkin Disease -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68755152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Blood&rft.atitle=Breast+cancer+risk+following+radiotherapy+for+Hodgkin+lymphoma%3A+modification+by+other+risk+factors.&rft.au=Hill%2C+Deirdre+A%3BGilbert%2C+Ethel%3BDores%2C+Gra%C3%A7a+M%3BGospodarowicz%2C+Mary%3Bvan+Leeuwen%2C+Flora+E%3BHolowaty%2C+Eric%3BGlimelius%2C+Bengt%3BAndersson%2C+Michael%3BWiklund%2C+Tom%3BLynch%2C+Charles+F%3BVan%27t+Veer%2C+Mars%3BStorm%2C+Hans%3BPukkala%2C+Eero%3BStovall%2C+Marilyn%3BCurtis%2C+Rochelle+E%3BAllan%2C+James+M%3BBoice%2C+John+D%3BTravis%2C+Lois+B&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Deirdre&rft.date=2005-11-15&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3358&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Blood&rft.issn=00064971&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Lancet. 2001 Oct 27;358(9291):1389-99 [11705483] Cancer Causes Control. 1994 Mar;5(2):167-76 [8167264] J Clin Oncol. 2002 Aug 15;20(16):3484-94 [12177110] Clin Cancer Res. 2002 Dec;8(12):3813-9 [12473594] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2003 Apr;12(4):289-94 [12692102] Cancer Causes Control. 2003 Mar;14(2):151-60 [12749720] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003 Jul 2;95(13):971-80 [12837833] JAMA. 2003 Jul 23;290(4):465-75 [12876089] Mol Cell. 2003 Nov;12(5):1087-99 [14636569] J Clin Oncol. 2003 Dec 1;21(23):4386-94 [14645429] Radiat Res. 2003 Dec;160(6):707-17 [14640793] Blood. 2004 Jan 1;103(1):283-90 [12969974] Epidemiology. 2004 Jul;15(4):422-7 [15232402] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1980 Jun;64(6):1459-66 [6929382] Prev Med. 1980 Nov;9(6):815-22 [7454704] N Engl J Med. 1994 Jul 7;331(1):5-9 [8202106] BMJ. 1994 Jun 25;308(6945):1672-4 [8025460] J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1994;(16):15-24 [7999458] Br J Cancer. 1995 Aug;72(2):480-4 [7640236] Science. 1999 Nov 5;286(5442):1162-6 [10550055] J Clin Oncol. 1999 Apr;17(4):1259 [10561187] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1999 Dec;8(12):1043-50 [10613335] Carcinogenesis. 2000 May;21(5):1043-50 [10783331] Int J Radiat Biol. 2000 May;76(5):693-8 [10866292] Am J Epidemiol. 2000 Sep 15;152(6):514-27 [10997541] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Apr 24;98(9):5134-9 [11320250] Br J Cancer. 2001 Aug 3;85(3):362-6 [11487266] Cancer Causes Control. 1995 Jul;6(4):283-91 [7548715] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996 Mar 20;88(6):359-64 [8609645] Radiat Res. 1996 Jun;145(6):708-13 [8643830] Nature. 1997 Apr 24;386(6627):804-10 [9126738] Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Feb;62(2):334-45 [9463314] J Clin Oncol. 1998 Jul;16(7):2417-25 [9667259] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Jun 2;91(11):943-9 [10359546] Cancer. 1983 Aug 1;52(3):435-8 [6688036] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1986 Sep;77(3):689-96 [3462410] Int J Cancer. 1989 Jul 15;44(1):7-16 [2744900] Arch Intern Med. 1990 Jan;150(1):191-4 [2297287] Br J Cancer. 1990 Jul;62(1):122-6 [2390471] N Engl J Med. 1992 Mar 19;326(12):781-5 [1538720] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1992 Aug 19;84(16):1245-50 [1640483] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Oct 20;85(20):1679-85 [8411245] Int J Cancer. 1994 Feb 1;56(3):413-7 [8314329] Int J Cancer. 1994 Mar 15;56(6):793-801 [8119768] Radiat Res. 2002 Aug;158(2):220-35 [12105993] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Recent Guidance on Early Drug Development T2 - AACR-NCI-EORTC Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics: Discovery, Biology, and Clinical Applications AN - 40130748; 4016054 JF - AACR-NCI-EORTC Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics: Discovery, Biology, and Clinical Applications AU - Collins, J M Y1 - 2005/11/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 14 KW - Drug development KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40130748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AACR-NCI-EORTC+Conference+on+Molecular+Targets+and+Cancer+Therapeutics%3A+Discovery%2C+Biology%2C+and+Clinical+Applications&rft.atitle=Recent+Guidance+on+Early+Drug+Development&rft.au=Collins%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-11-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AACR-NCI-EORTC+Conference+on+Molecular+Targets+and+Cancer+Therapeutics%3A+Discovery%2C+Biology%2C+and+Clinical+Applications&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aacr.org/page4277.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Report on Workshops Dedicated to Endpoints in Cancer Clinical Trials T2 - AACR-NCI-EORTC Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics: Discovery, Biology, and Clinical Applications AN - 40055514; 4016055 JF - AACR-NCI-EORTC Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics: Discovery, Biology, and Clinical Applications AU - Dagher, R N Y1 - 2005/11/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 14 KW - Clinical trials KW - Cancer KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40055514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AACR-NCI-EORTC+Conference+on+Molecular+Targets+and+Cancer+Therapeutics%3A+Discovery%2C+Biology%2C+and+Clinical+Applications&rft.atitle=Report+on+Workshops+Dedicated+to+Endpoints+in+Cancer+Clinical+Trials&rft.au=Dagher%2C+R+N&rft.aulast=Dagher&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-11-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AACR-NCI-EORTC+Conference+on+Molecular+Targets+and+Cancer+Therapeutics%3A+Discovery%2C+Biology%2C+and+Clinical+Applications&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aacr.org/page4277.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Toxicogenomics in the Identification of Biomarkers of Nephrotoxicity for Multiple Species. T2 - 26th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AN - 39742329; 4024404 JF - 26th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Goodsaid, F Y1 - 2005/11/13/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 13 KW - Biomarkers KW - Bioindicators KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39742329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=26th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicogenomics+in+the+Identification+of+Biomarkers+of+Nephrotoxicity+for+Multiple+Species.&rft.au=Goodsaid%2C+F&rft.aulast=Goodsaid&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2005-11-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=26th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstracts.co.allenpress.com/pweb/setac2005/program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nanotechnology Workplace Issues - National and International. T2 - 26th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AN - 39724414; 4024690 JF - 26th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Woebkenberg, M Y1 - 2005/11/13/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 13 KW - Nanotechnology KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39724414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=26th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Nanotechnology+Workplace+Issues+-+National+and+International.&rft.au=Woebkenberg%2C+M&rft.aulast=Woebkenberg&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-11-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=26th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstracts.co.allenpress.com/pweb/setac2005/program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Neuronal and Non-Neuronal Changes in Gene Expression in the Aging Murine Lung Due to Caloric Restriction T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39998295; 4123308 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Catalano, J G AU - Prabhu, V AU - Wood, W H AU - Lustig, A Q AU - Becker, K G Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Aging KW - Lung KW - Gene expression KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39998295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Neuronal+and+Non-Neuronal+Changes+in+Gene+Expression+in+the+Aging+Murine+Lung+Due+to+Caloric+Restriction&rft.au=Catalano%2C+J+G%3BPrabhu%2C+V%3BWood%2C+W+H%3BLustig%2C+A+Q%3BBecker%2C+K+G&rft.aulast=Catalano&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Spatial Learning and Memory in Male and Female Rats is Not Affected by Chronic Oral Accutane ( ACC ) T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39917887; 4133106 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Berry, K J AU - Cisneros, F J AU - Gough, B AU - Schmued, L C AU - Hanig, J P AU - Ferguson, S A Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Rats KW - Spatial memory KW - Spatial discrimination learning KW - Memory KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39917887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Spatial+Learning+and+Memory+in+Male+and+Female+Rats+is+Not+Affected+by+Chronic+Oral+Accutane+%28+ACC+%29&rft.au=Berry%2C+K+J%3BCisneros%2C+F+J%3BGough%2C+B%3BSchmued%2C+L+C%3BHanig%2C+J+P%3BFerguson%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Forced Exercise Attenuates Kainic Acid - Induced Neurotoxicity, but not Gliosis, in the Hippocampus of C57BL/6J Mice T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39888645; 4135209 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Benkovic, S A AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Miller, D B Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Mice KW - Kainic acid KW - Gliosis KW - Hippocampus KW - Physical training KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39888645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Forced+Exercise+Attenuates+Kainic+Acid+-+Induced+Neurotoxicity%2C+but+not+Gliosis%2C+in+the+Hippocampus+of+C57BL%2F6J+Mice&rft.au=Benkovic%2C+S+A%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P%3BMiller%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Benkovic&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effect of Developmental and Chronic Acrylamide Exposure on Locomotor Behaviors in 3 - Month - Old Fischer 344 Rats T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39877954; 4121106 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Garey, J AU - Ferguson, S A AU - Paule, M G Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Rats KW - Acrylamide KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39877954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Developmental+and+Chronic+Acrylamide+Exposure+on+Locomotor+Behaviors+in+3+-+Month+-+Old+Fischer+344+Rats&rft.au=Garey%2C+J%3BFerguson%2C+S+A%3BPaule%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Garey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Dopamine D@@d1@ Receptors and Amphetamine - Induced Damage to Dopamine Terminals in the Caudate/Putamen T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39870663; 4133660 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Bowyer, J F AU - Schmued, L C Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Dopamine D1 receptors KW - Putamen KW - Amphetamine KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39870663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Dopamine+D%40%40d1%40+Receptors+and+Amphetamine+-+Induced+Damage+to+Dopamine+Terminals+in+the+Caudate%2FPutamen&rft.au=Bowyer%2C+J+F%3BSchmued%2C+L+C&rft.aulast=Bowyer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Acute Vibration Exposure Alters Current Perception Thresholds in the Tails of Rats T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39866946; 4129227 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Krajnak, K Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Vibration KW - Perception KW - Rats KW - Tails KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39866946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Acute+Vibration+Exposure+Alters+Current+Perception+Thresholds+in+the+Tails+of+Rats&rft.au=Krajnak%2C+K&rft.aulast=Krajnak&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ketamine - Induced Neurotoxicity in Prenatal Rhesus Monkeys: Distribution of Neuronal Damage T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39831902; 4123651 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Scallet, A C AU - Divine, R AU - Wang, C AU - Schmued, L C AU - Hotchkiss, C AU - Hanig, J AU - Slikker, W Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Ketamine KW - Macaca mulatta KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39831902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Ketamine+-+Induced+Neurotoxicity+in+Prenatal+Rhesus+Monkeys%3A+Distribution+of+Neuronal+Damage&rft.au=Scallet%2C+A+C%3BDivine%2C+R%3BWang%2C+C%3BSchmued%2C+L+C%3BHotchkiss%2C+C%3BHanig%2C+J%3BSlikker%2C+W&rft.aulast=Scallet&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - ICP34.5 Defective Herpes Simplex Virus R849 Replicates Productively in Mouse Ependymal Cells T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39821394; 4126689 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Markovitz, N S AU - Dambach, M J AU - Muller, J Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Ependymal cells KW - Herpes simplex virus KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39821394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=ICP34.5+Defective+Herpes+Simplex+Virus+R849+Replicates+Productively+in+Mouse+Ependymal+Cells&rft.au=Markovitz%2C+N+S%3BDambach%2C+M+J%3BMuller%2C+J&rft.aulast=Markovitz&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Dendritic Release of Dopamine Modulates GABA Neurotransmission in Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata: Iontophoresis in Awake Unrestrained Rats T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39815923; 4129331 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Windels, F AU - Kiyatkin, E A Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Rats KW - Neurotransmission KW - Substantia nigra pars reticulata KW - Iontophoresis KW - ^g-Aminobutyric acid KW - Dopamine KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39815923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Dendritic+Release+of+Dopamine+Modulates+GABA+Neurotransmission+in+Substantia+Nigra+Pars+Reticulata%3A+Iontophoresis+in+Awake+Unrestrained+Rats&rft.au=Windels%2C+F%3BKiyatkin%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Windels&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Minocycline Attenuates Microglial Activation But Fails to Mitigate Striatal Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39771192; 4125157 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Sriram, K AU - Miller, D B AU - O'Callaghan, J P Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Minocycline KW - Neostriatum KW - Dopamine KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39771192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Minocycline+Attenuates+Microglial+Activation+But+Fails+to+Mitigate+Striatal+Dopaminergic+Neurotoxicity&rft.au=Sriram%2C+K%3BMiller%2C+D+B%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Sriram&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Community-Based Chlamydia Screening in Multi Ethnic Urban Youth: A Pilot in Rotterdam (Netherlands) T2 - 13th Conference of the European Public Health Association on Public Health AN - 40106159; 3998297 JF - 13th Conference of the European Public Health Association on Public Health AU - Gotz, Hannelore AU - Veldhuijzen, I K AU - Ossewaarde, J M AU - de Zwart, O AU - Wouters, L AU - van't Westeinde, A AU - Richardus, J H Y1 - 2005/11/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 10 KW - Netherlands KW - Netherlands, Rotterdam KW - Screening KW - Chlamydia KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40106159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+of+the+European+Public+Health+Association+on+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Community-Based+Chlamydia+Screening+in+Multi+Ethnic+Urban+Youth%3A+A+Pilot+in+Rotterdam+%28Netherlands%29&rft.au=Gotz%2C+Hannelore%3BVeldhuijzen%2C+I+K%3BOssewaarde%2C+J+M%3Bde+Zwart%2C+O%3BWouters%2C+L%3Bvan%27t+Westeinde%2C+A%3BRichardus%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Gotz&rft.aufirst=Hannelore&rft.date=2005-11-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+of+the+European+Public+Health+Association+on+Public+Health&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.eupha.org/html/menu3_2.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Poverty and Health Among Children: An Example of Enhancing Evidence-Based Health Promotion T2 - 13th Conference of the European Public Health Association on Public Health AN - 40095938; 3998151 JF - 13th Conference of the European Public Health Association on Public Health AU - Rots, Carin Y1 - 2005/11/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 10 KW - health promotion KW - Children KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40095938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+of+the+European+Public+Health+Association+on+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Poverty+and+Health+Among+Children%3A+An+Example+of+Enhancing+Evidence-Based+Health+Promotion&rft.au=Rots%2C+Carin&rft.aulast=Rots&rft.aufirst=Carin&rft.date=2005-11-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+of+the+European+Public+Health+Association+on+Public+Health&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.eupha.org/html/menu3_2.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Building a Local Knowledge-Infrastructure for Public Health Research and Practice T2 - 13th Conference of the European Public Health Association on Public Health AN - 40082775; 3998152 JF - 13th Conference of the European Public Health Association on Public Health AU - Hommels, Leontien Y1 - 2005/11/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 10 KW - Public health KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40082775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+of+the+European+Public+Health+Association+on+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Building+a+Local+Knowledge-Infrastructure+for+Public+Health+Research+and+Practice&rft.au=Hommels%2C+Leontien&rft.aulast=Hommels&rft.aufirst=Leontien&rft.date=2005-11-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+of+the+European+Public+Health+Association+on+Public+Health&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.eupha.org/html/menu3_2.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Toxicokinetics - A Regulatory Perspective; FDAS Expectations in Toxicokinetic Data T2 - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AN - 39827087; 4038907 JF - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AU - Green, Martin (Dave) Y1 - 2005/11/06/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 06 KW - FDA KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39827087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicokinetics+-+A+Regulatory+Perspective%3B+FDAS+Expectations+in+Toxicokinetic+Data&rft.au=Green%2C+Martin+%28Dave%29&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2005-11-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.actox.org/attmtg/PROGRAM05a.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Qualifying Genotoxic Impurities in Pharmaceutical Products T2 - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AN - 39827034; 4038903 JF - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AU - McGovern, Timothy J Y1 - 2005/11/06/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 06 KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Genotoxicity KW - Impurities KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39827034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Qualifying+Genotoxic+Impurities+in+Pharmaceutical+Products&rft.au=McGovern%2C+Timothy+J&rft.aulast=McGovern&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2005-11-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.actox.org/attmtg/PROGRAM05a.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Combination Products T2 - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AN - 39827010; 4038878 DE: JF - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AU - Jacobs, Abigail AU - Jones, David R Y1 - 2005/11/06/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 06 KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39827010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Combination+Products&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Abigail%3BJones%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Abigail&rft.date=2005-11-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.actox.org/attmtg/PROGRAM05a.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Use of Transgenic Animal Models in Toxicology T2 - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AN - 39752338; 4038854 JF - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AU - Ghantous, Hanan Y1 - 2005/11/06/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 06 KW - Toxicology KW - Animal models KW - Transgenic animals KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39752338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+Transgenic+Animal+Models+in+Toxicology&rft.au=Ghantous%2C+Hanan&rft.aulast=Ghantous&rft.aufirst=Hanan&rft.date=2005-11-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.actox.org/attmtg/PROGRAM05a.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Preclinical Evaluation of Peroxisome Proliferation-Activated Receptor (PPAR) Agonists: Scientific Justification for Exceptions to ICH M3 T2 - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AN - 39751628; 4038900 JF - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AU - El-Hage, Jeri Y1 - 2005/11/06/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 06 KW - Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39751628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Preclinical+Evaluation+of+Peroxisome+Proliferation-Activated+Receptor+%28PPAR%29+Agonists%3A+Scientific+Justification+for+Exceptions+to+ICH+M3&rft.au=El-Hage%2C+Jeri&rft.aulast=El-Hage&rft.aufirst=Jeri&rft.date=2005-11-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.actox.org/attmtg/PROGRAM05a.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interactions in Combination Drug Products and Combination Products T2 - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AN - 39751404; 4038864 JF - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AU - Jacobs, Abigail Y1 - 2005/11/06/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 06 KW - Drugs KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39751404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Interactions+in+Combination+Drug+Products+and+Combination+Products&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Abigail&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Abigail&rft.date=2005-11-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.actox.org/attmtg/PROGRAM05a.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Immunotoxicology: ICH Update T2 - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AN - 39732348; 4038879 DE: JF - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AU - Hastings, Kenneth L AU - Snodin, David J Y1 - 2005/11/06/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 06 KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39732348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Immunotoxicology%3A+ICH+Update&rft.au=Hastings%2C+Kenneth+L%3BSnodin%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Hastings&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2005-11-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.actox.org/attmtg/PROGRAM05a.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Preclinical Considerations for Oncolytic Viruses T2 - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AN - 39703778; 4038885 JF - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AU - Serabian, Mercedes Y1 - 2005/11/06/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 06 KW - Viruses KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39703778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Preclinical+Considerations+for+Oncolytic+Viruses&rft.au=Serabian%2C+Mercedes&rft.aulast=Serabian&rft.aufirst=Mercedes&rft.date=2005-11-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.actox.org/attmtg/PROGRAM05a.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - From Exploratory to Known: Development of a Process for Genomic Biomarker Validation T2 - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AN - 39693388; 4038895 JF - 2005 Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology AU - Goodsaid, Federico Y1 - 2005/11/06/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 06 KW - Bioindicators KW - Genomics KW - Biomarkers KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39693388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=From+Exploratory+to+Known%3A+Development+of+a+Process+for+Genomic+Biomarker+Validation&rft.au=Goodsaid%2C+Federico&rft.aulast=Goodsaid&rft.aufirst=Federico&rft.date=2005-11-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.actox.org/attmtg/PROGRAM05a.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - FDA's Approach to Meeting the Challenge of Pandemic Influenza Preparedness T2 - Third Annual International Conference on Vaccines AN - 40048513; 4016867 JF - Third Annual International Conference on Vaccines AU - Baylor, Norman Y1 - 2005/11/03/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 03 KW - FDA KW - pandemics KW - Influenza KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40048513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Third+Annual+International+Conference+on+Vaccines&rft.atitle=FDA%27s+Approach+to+Meeting+the+Challenge+of+Pandemic+Influenza+Preparedness&rft.au=Baylor%2C+Norman&rft.aulast=Baylor&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft.date=2005-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Third+Annual+International+Conference+on+Vaccines&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.gtcbio.com/program.asp?cid=4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - In Vitro Assays for Biotoxins T2 - 2nd International Symposium on Recent Advances in Food Analysis AN - 40002256; 3987213 JF - 2nd International Symposium on Recent Advances in Food Analysis AU - Dickey, Robert Y1 - 2005/11/02/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 02 KW - Biological poisons KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40002256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2nd+International+Symposium+on+Recent+Advances+in+Food+Analysis&rft.atitle=In+Vitro+Assays+for+Biotoxins&rft.au=Dickey%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Dickey&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-11-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2nd+International+Symposium+on+Recent+Advances+in+Food+Analysis&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iaeac.ch/food_symposium/food_prog.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deficiency in Ikkb gene enhances arsenic-induced gadd45a expression AN - 856761623; 13863793 AB - Chronic arsenic exposure is implicated in the pathophysiology of various human diseases, including cancer and diabetes. Using Ikkb gene knockout mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (Ikkb super(-/-)), in the present study we demonstrated that NF-B inhibition due to Ikkb deficiency up-regulated basal and arsenic-induced expression of gadd45a. In addition to gadd45a, the basal expression of other gadd family members including gadd45b, gadd45g and gadd153 was substantially increased in Ikkb super(-/-) cells. Ikkb deficiency prevented the induction of gadd45b and gadd45g by arsenic, whereas the induction of gadd45a and gadd153 was appreciably enhanced in Ikkb super(-/-) cells. Furthermore, a substantial decrease in the expression of c-myc, an established endogenous transcriptional repressor of gadd45a and gadd153 genes, was noted. Thus, these results uncover the molecular mechanism by which NF-B signalling contributes to the regulation of gadd family gene expression induced by arsenic. JF - Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry AU - Zhang, Yadong AU - Lu, Yongju AU - Ding, Min AU - Castranova, Vince AU - Shi, Xianglin AU - Chen, Fei AD - The Health Effects Laboratory Division, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA, lfd3@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 163 EP - 168 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 279 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-8177, 0300-8177 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Gadd45A protein KW - Molecular modelling KW - Arsenic KW - Transcription KW - CHOP protein KW - Cancer KW - Gene expression KW - Diabetes mellitus KW - NF-B protein KW - Embryo fibroblasts KW - Repressors KW - c-Myc protein KW - X 24360:Metals KW - G 07870:Mammals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856761623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Deficiency+in+Ikkb+gene+enhances+arsenic-induced+gadd45a+expression&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yadong%3BLu%2C+Yongju%3BDing%2C+Min%3BCastranova%2C+Vince%3BShi%2C+Xianglin%3BChen%2C+Fei&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yadong&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=279&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+Cellular+Biochemistry&rft.issn=03008177&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11010-005-8289-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diabetes mellitus; Gene expression; Molecular modelling; Gadd45A protein; Arsenic; Embryo fibroblasts; NF-B protein; Transcription; CHOP protein; Repressors; c-Myc protein; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11010-005-8289-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conference overview: Molecular mechanisms of metal toxicity and carcinogenesis AN - 815537296; 13863777 AB - Chronic exposure to many heavy metals and metal-derivatives is associated with an increased risk of cancer, although the mechanisms of tumorigenesis are largely unknown. Approximately 125 scientists attended the 3rd Conference on Molecular Mechanisms of Metal Toxicity and Carcinogenesis and presented the latest research concerning these mechanisms. Major areas of focus included exposure assessment and biomarker identification, roles of ROS and antioxidants in carcinogenesis, mechanisms of metal-induced DNA damage, metal signalling, and the development of animal models for use in metal toxicology studies. Here we highlight some of the research presented, and summarize the conference proceedings. JF - Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry AU - Bower, Jacquelyn J AU - Leonard, Stephen S AU - Shi, Xianglin AD - Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA, xas0@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 3 EP - 15 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 279 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-8177, 0300-8177 KW - Toxicology Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815537296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Conference+overview%3A+Molecular+mechanisms+of+metal+toxicity+and+carcinogenesis&rft.au=Bower%2C+Jacquelyn+J%3BLeonard%2C+Stephen+S%3BShi%2C+Xianglin&rft.aulast=Bower&rft.aufirst=Jacquelyn&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=279&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+Cellular+Biochemistry&rft.issn=03008177&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11010-005-8210-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11010-005-8210-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ion chromatographic determination of nitrate and nitrite in vegetable and fruit baby foods. AN - 70139076; 16526464 AB - An ion chromatographic method was developed for the determination of nitrate and nitrite in vegetable and fruit baby foods. The introduction of nitrate or nitrite to food may be natural or artificial as a preservative. Because of the higher pH found in babies' stomachs, nitrate can act as a reservoir for the production of nitrite by nitrate-reducing bacteria that can be harbored in the intestinal tract. This problem does not exist in adults because of the lower pH of the adult stomach. Exposure to nitrite by infants can result in methemoglobinemia (blue baby syndrome). There are also indications that carcinogenic nitrosamines can be formed from nitrates at the higher pH. These gastric conditions disappear at approximately 6 months of age. In this method, nitrate and nitrite were separated on a hydroxide-selective anion exchange column using online electrolytically generated high-purity hydroxide eluant and detected using suppressed conductivity detection. Average recoveries of spiked nitrite residue ranged from 91 to 104% and spiked nitrate residue ranged from 87 to 104%. This method and the AOAC Official Method yield comparable results for samples containing incurred nitrate residue. In addition, this method eliminates the hazardous waste associated with the use of cadmium found in the AOAC Official Method. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - McMullen, Sarah E AU - Casanova, John A AU - Gross, Lois K AU - Schenck, Frank J AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Southeast Regional Laboratory, 60 Eighth St NE, Atlanta, GA 30309, USA. smcmulle@ora.fda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 1793 EP - 1796 VL - 88 IS - 6 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Carbonates KW - 0 KW - Food Additives KW - Ions KW - Nitrates KW - Nitrites KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Carbonates -- chemistry KW - Cadmium -- metabolism KW - Stomach -- metabolism KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Humans KW - Food Analysis KW - Reference Standards KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Chromatography, Liquid KW - Methemoglobinemia -- pathology KW - Chromatography, Ion Exchange KW - Time Factors KW - Nitrites -- analysis KW - Vegetables -- metabolism KW - Infant Food -- analysis KW - Chromatography -- methods KW - Fruit -- metabolism KW - Nitrates -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70139076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Ion+chromatographic+determination+of+nitrate+and+nitrite+in+vegetable+and+fruit+baby+foods.&rft.au=McMullen%2C+Sarah+E%3BCasanova%2C+John+A%3BGross%2C+Lois+K%3BSchenck%2C+Frank+J&rft.aulast=McMullen&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1793&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-06-13 N1 - Date created - 2006-03-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Therapeutic potential of oligonucleotides expressing immunosuppressive TTAGGG motifs. AN - 69062256; 16394128 AB - Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) expressing immunosuppressive TTAGGG motifs downregulate the production of proinflammatory and Th1 cytokines. The ability of these "suppressive ODNs" to slow or prevent the development of diseases characterized by over-exuberant immune stimulation was examined. Suppressive ODNs significantly reduced disease severity in murine models of arthritis, lupus, and LPS-induced toxic shock. These beneficial effects were accompanied by a significant reduction in serum autoantibody and cytokine levels. Underlying these protective effects was the ability of suppressive ODNs to bind to and prevent the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT4, thereby blocking the signaling cascade central to the initiation and/or perpetuation of these disease states. These findings suggest that suppressive ODNs might find use in the treatment of acute and chronic diseases characterized by excessive immune stimulation. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Klinman, Dennis M AU - Gursel, Ihsan AU - Klaschik, Sven AU - Dong, Li AU - Currie, Debbie AU - Shirota, Hidekazu AD - Section of Retroviral Research, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. klinman@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 87 EP - 95 VL - 1058 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Cytokines KW - 0 KW - Immunosuppressive Agents KW - Oligonucleotides KW - STAT1 Transcription Factor KW - STAT4 Transcription Factor KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Phosphorylation KW - Amino Acid Motifs KW - Arthritis -- therapy KW - Humans KW - CpG Islands KW - Mice KW - Cytokines -- metabolism KW - STAT1 Transcription Factor -- metabolism KW - Lupus Vulgaris -- therapy KW - Signal Transduction KW - STAT4 Transcription Factor -- metabolism KW - Oligonucleotides -- therapeutic use KW - Oligonucleotides -- chemistry KW - Immunosuppressive Agents -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69062256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Therapeutic+potential+of+oligonucleotides+expressing+immunosuppressive+TTAGGG+motifs.&rft.au=Klinman%2C+Dennis+M%3BGursel%2C+Ihsan%3BKlaschik%2C+Sven%3BDong%2C+Li%3BCurrie%2C+Debbie%3BShirota%2C+Hidekazu&rft.aulast=Klinman&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=1058&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-06-26 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupational exposures and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus. AN - 69040571; 16373255 AB - This review summarizes the growing body of epidemiologic and experimental research pertaining to the relationship between SLE and occupational exposures, such as crystalline silica, solvents, and pesticides. Epidemiologic studies, using different designs in different settings, have demonstrated moderate to strong associations between occupational silica exposure and SLE. Recent experimental studies of silica in lupus-prone mice provide support for the idea that, in addition to its known adjuvant effect, silica exposure increases the generation of apoptotic material, an important source of self-antigen. Despite compelling experimental studies of the organic solvent trichloroethylene (TCE) in lupus-prone mice, there is little evidence of an overall association of SLE and occupational exposure to a broad classification of solvents in humans. However, there is a lack of data on SLE in occupational cohorts with exposures to TCE or other specific solvents. One epidemiologic study reported an association of pesticide mixing and SLE, while a recent experimental study reported accelerated disease in pesticide-treated lupus-prone mice. Other occupational exposures worth investigating include asbestos, metals, and UV radiation. Attention should also be given to the role of gene-environment interactions, which may require large, multi-site studies that collect both genetic material and occupational exposure data. The quality of exposure assessment is an important consideration in designing and evaluating these studies. The use of pre-clinical endpoints (e.g. high-titer autoantibodies) in occupational cohorts with well-characterized exposure histories may reveal occupational risk factors for autoimmunity, and may also provide baseline data for studies of determinants of progression to SLE. JF - Autoimmunity AU - Parks, Christine G AU - Cooper, Glinda S AD - Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. cqp8@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 497 EP - 506 VL - 38 IS - 7 SN - 0891-6934, 0891-6934 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic -- immunology KW - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic -- genetics KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic -- chemically induced KW - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69040571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Autoimmunity&rft.atitle=Occupational+exposures+and+risk+of+systemic+lupus+erythematosus.&rft.au=Parks%2C+Christine+G%3BCooper%2C+Glinda+S&rft.aulast=Parks&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Autoimmunity&rft.issn=08916934&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-20 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A heretofore undisclosed crux of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome: compromised histamine degradation. AN - 68834941; 16307217 AB - In contrast to early epidemiological evidence offering links between eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS) and microimpurities of L-tryptophan-containing dietary supplements (LTCDS), this account shows why reliance on a finite impurity from one manufacturer is both unnecessary and insufficient to explain the etiology of EMS. Excessive histamine activity has induced blood eosinophilia and myalgia (Greek: mys, muscle + algos, pain). Termination of the multiple actions of histamine is dependent on particular amine oxidases and histamine-N-methyltransferase. Histamine metabolism is rapid when these degradative reactions are operative. The latent effects of incurred histamine can be potentiated and aggravating when these mechanisms are impaired. Overloads of tryptophan supplements cause - among other relevant side-effects - an increased formation of formate and indolyl metabolites, several of which inhibit the degradation of histamine. Moreover, (non-EMS) subjects with hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation have also manifested greatly increased sensitivities to incurred tryptophan and histamine. A final common pathway for syndromes characterized by eosinophilia with myalgia is now evident. JF - Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] AU - Smith, M J AU - Garrett, R H AD - Division of Natural Products, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, Maryland 20740-3835, USA. mitchell.smith@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 435 EP - 450 VL - 54 IS - 11 SN - 1023-3830, 1023-3830 KW - Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - Indoles KW - Serotonin KW - 333DO1RDJY KW - Histamine KW - 820484N8I3 KW - Tryptophan KW - 8DUH1N11BX KW - Index Medicus KW - Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Tryptophan -- toxicity KW - Mast Cells -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Indoles -- metabolism KW - Amino Acids -- metabolism KW - Tryptophan -- metabolism KW - Serotonin -- metabolism KW - Amino Acids -- toxicity KW - Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome -- chemically induced KW - Histamine -- metabolism KW - Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68834941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inflammation+research+%3A+official+journal+of+the+European+Histamine+Research+Society+...+%5Bet+al.%5D&rft.atitle=A+heretofore+undisclosed+crux+of+eosinophilia-myalgia+syndrome%3A+compromised+histamine+degradation.&rft.au=Smith%2C+M+J%3BGarrett%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inflammation+research+%3A+official+journal+of+the+European+Histamine+Research+Society+...+%5Bet+al.%5D&rft.issn=10233830&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urinary and hand wipe pesticide levels among farmers and nonfarmers in Iowa. AN - 68809689; 15841098 AB - In the spring and summer of 2001, as part of a larger study investigating farm family pesticide exposure and home contamination in Iowa, urine and hand wipe samples were collected from 24 male farmers and 23 male nonfarmer controls. On two occasions approximately 1 month apart, one hand wipe sample and an evening and morning urine sample were collected from each participant. The samples were analyzed for the parent compound or metabolites of six commonly used agricultural pesticides: alachlor, atrazine, acetochlor, metolachlor, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and chlorpyrifos. For atrazine, acetochlor, metolachlor and 2,4-D, farmers who reported applying the pesticide had significantly higher urinary metabolite levels than nonfarmers, farmers who did not apply the pesticide, and farmers who had the pesticide commercially applied (P-value <0.05). Generally, there were no differences in urinary pesticide metabolite levels between nonfarmers, farmers who did not apply the pesticide, and farmers who had the pesticide commercially applied. Among farmers who reported applying 2,4-D themselves, time since application, amount of pesticide applied, and the number of acres to which the pesticide was applied were marginally associated with 2,4-D urine levels. Among farmers who reported applying atrazine themselves, time since application and farm size were marginally associated with atrazine mercapturate urine levels. Farmers who reported using a closed cab to apply these pesticides had higher urinary pesticide metabolite levels, although the difference was not statistically significant. Farmers who reported using closed cabs tended to use more pesticides. The majority of the hand wipe samples were nondetectable. However, detection of atrazine in the hand wipes was significantly associated with urinary levels of atrazine above the median (P-value <0.01). JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Curwin, Brian D AU - Hein, Misty J AU - Sanderson, Wayne T AU - Barr, Dana B AU - Heederik, Dick AU - Reynolds, Stephen J AU - Ward, Elizabeth M AU - Alavanja, Michael C AD - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA. bcurwin@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 500 EP - 508 VL - 15 IS - 6 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Chromatography, Gas KW - Humans KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Iowa KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Agriculture KW - Pesticides -- urine KW - Hand UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68809689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Urinary+and+hand+wipe+pesticide+levels+among+farmers+and+nonfarmers+in+Iowa.&rft.au=Curwin%2C+Brian+D%3BHein%2C+Misty+J%3BSanderson%2C+Wayne+T%3BBarr%2C+Dana+B%3BHeederik%2C+Dick%3BReynolds%2C+Stephen+J%3BWard%2C+Elizabeth+M%3BAlavanja%2C+Michael+C&rft.aulast=Curwin&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-03-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sodium arsenite-induced inhibition of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) results in cytotoxicity and cell death. AN - 68797680; 16283521 AB - Exposure to arsenic (As) is a risk factor for the development of diabetes, vascular diseases and cancer. Several theories have been proposed to account for the mechanisms potentially responsible for As toxicity and carcinogenesis. Currently, we have investigated whether the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), the mRNA cap binding and rate limiting factor required for translation, is a target for As-induced cytotoxicity and cell death. We have also investigated the potential cellular mechanisms underlying the As-induced de-regulation of expression of eIF4E that are most likely responsible for the cytotoxicity and cell death induced by As. Exposure of four different human cell lines - HCT15 (colorectal adenocarcinoma), PLC/PR/5 (hepatocellular carcinoma), HeLa (cervical adenocarcinoma) and Chang (likely derived from HeLa cells) to sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) for time intervals up to 24 h resulted in a concentration-dependent cytotoxicity and cell death. All the NaAsO2-treated cells exhibited significant inhibition of eIF4E gene (protein). The potential involvement of eIF4E gene expression in the NaAsO2-induced cytotoxicity and cell death was investigated by silencing the cellular expression of the eIF4E gene by employing a small interfering RNA (SiRNA) specifically targeting the eIF4E gene's expression. The SiRNA-mediated silencing of eIF4E gene expression also resulted in significant cytotoxicity and cell death suggesting that the toxicity noticed among the NaAsO2-treated cells was probably due to the chemically induced inhibition of eIF4E gene expression. The potential involvement of inhibition of eIF4E gene expression in the NaAsO2-induced cytotoxicity and cell death was further investigated by employing transgenic cell lines overexpressing the eIF4E gene. Overexpression of the eIF4E gene in the Chinese hamster ovary cell line was protective against the NaAsO2-induced cytotoxicity and cell death. Additional studies conducted to understand the potential mechanisms responsible for NaAsO2-induced inhibition of eIF4E gene expression demonstrated that exposure to NaAsO2 resulted in transcriptional down-regulation of the eIF4E gene only in HCT-15 and HeLa cells, while in the NaAsO2-treated and PLC/PR/5 and Chang cells, the eIF4E mRNA expression level was comparable to those of the corresponding control cells. Cellular levels of ubiquitin and the process of ubiquitination were significantly higher in the NaAsO2-treated cells compared with the control cells. Immunoprecipitation of lysates obtained from the NaAsO2-treated cells and the subsequent western blot analysis of the immunoprecipitated protein(s) using the eIF4E antibody detected the presence of eIF4E protein in the immunoprecipitate suggesting possible ubiquitination of eIF4E protein in the NaAsO2-treated cells. Pre-exposure of the NaAsO2-treated cells to proteasome inhibitors blocked the inhibition of eIF4E gene expression as well as the resulting cytotoxicity and cell death. Furthermore, exposure of cells to NaAsO2 resulted in a significant inhibition of expression of the cell cycle and growth regulating gene, cyclin D1. Whether or not the inhibition of cyclin D1 in the NaAsO2-treated cells is mediated through the inhibition of eIF4E was tested by silencing the expression of eIF4E gene in the cells. Transfection of cells with SiRNA specifically targeting eIF4E gene expression resulted in a significant inhibition of cyclin D1 gene suggesting that the observed inhibition of cyclin D1 gene in the NaAsO2-treated cells is most likely mediated through inhibition of eIF4E gene. Taken together, our results indicate that the exposure of cells to NaAsO2 resulted in cytotoxicity and cell death, at least in part, due to the inhibition of eIF4E gene expression leading to diminished cellular levels of critical genes such as cyclin D1. JF - Molecular and cellular biochemistry AU - Othumpangat, Sreekumar AU - Kashon, Michael AU - Joseph, Pius AD - Molecular Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 123 EP - 131 VL - 279 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-8177, 0300-8177 KW - Arsenites KW - 0 KW - Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E KW - RNA, Messenger KW - RNA, Small Interfering KW - Sodium Compounds KW - Ubiquitin KW - Cyclin D1 KW - 136601-57-5 KW - sodium arsenite KW - 48OVY2OC72 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cricetulus KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - HeLa Cells KW - Humans KW - RNA, Small Interfering -- genetics KW - Cyclin D1 -- genetics KW - RNA, Small Interfering -- metabolism KW - Ubiquitin -- metabolism KW - Cyclin D1 -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Down-Regulation KW - Transfection KW - CHO Cells KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - RNA Interference KW - Cricetinae KW - Arsenites -- toxicity KW - Sodium Compounds -- toxicity KW - Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E -- biosynthesis KW - Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E -- metabolism KW - Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68797680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Sodium+arsenite-induced+inhibition+of+eukaryotic+translation+initiation+factor+4E+%28eIF4E%29+results+in+cytotoxicity+and+cell+death.&rft.au=Othumpangat%2C+Sreekumar%3BKashon%2C+Michael%3BJoseph%2C+Pius&rft.aulast=Othumpangat&rft.aufirst=Sreekumar&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=279&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biochemistry&rft.issn=03008177&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2007-03-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of stainless steel manual metal arc welding fume on free radical production, DNA damage, and apoptosis induction. AN - 68797355; 16283511 AB - Questions exist concerning the potential carcinogenic effects after welding fume exposure. Welding processes that use stainless steel (SS) materials can produce fumes that may contain metals (e.g., Cr, Ni) known to be carcinogenic to humans. The objective was to determine the effect of in vitro and in vivo welding fume treatment on free radical generation, DNA damage, cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction, all factors possibly involved with the pathogenesis of lung cancer. SS welding fume was collected during manual metal arc welding (MMA). Elemental analysis indicated that the MMA-SS sample was highly soluble in water, and a majority (87%) of the soluble metal was Cr. Using electron spin resonance (ESR), the SS welding fume had the ability to produce the biologically reactive hydroxyl radical (*OH), likely as a result of the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(V). In vitro treatment with the MMA-SS sample caused a concentration-dependent increase in DNA damage and lung macrophage death. In addition, a time-dependent increase in the number of apoptotic cells in lung tissue was observed after in vivo treatment with the welding fume. In summary, a soluble MMA-SS welding fume was found to generate reactive oxygen species and cause DNA damage, lung macrophage cytotoxicity and in vivo lung cell apoptosis. These responses have been shown to be involved in various toxicological and carcinogenic processes. The effects observed appear to be related to the soluble component of the MMA-SS sample that is predominately Cr. A more comprehensive in vivo animal study is ongoing in the laboratory that is continuing these experiments to try to elucidate the potential mechanisms that may be involved with welding fume-induced lung disease. JF - Molecular and cellular biochemistry AU - Antonini, James M AU - Leonard, Stephen S AU - Roberts, Jenny R AU - Solano-Lopez, Claudia AU - Young, Shih-Houng AU - Shi, Xianglin AU - Taylor, Michael D AD - Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. jga6@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 17 EP - 23 VL - 279 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-8177, 0300-8177 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Free Radicals KW - Smoke KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - Stainless Steel KW - 12597-68-1 KW - chromium hexavalent ion KW - 18540-29-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - In Situ Nick-End Labeling KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Solubility KW - Chromium -- chemistry KW - Chromium -- analysis KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Cell Survival KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- metabolism KW - Apoptosis KW - DNA Damage KW - Welding KW - Free Radicals -- chemistry KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- toxicity KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Stainless Steel -- chemistry KW - Free Radicals -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68797355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Effect+of+stainless+steel+manual+metal+arc+welding+fume+on+free+radical+production%2C+DNA+damage%2C+and+apoptosis+induction.&rft.au=Antonini%2C+James+M%3BLeonard%2C+Stephen+S%3BRoberts%2C+Jenny+R%3BSolano-Lopez%2C+Claudia%3BYoung%2C+Shih-Houng%3BShi%2C+Xianglin%3BTaylor%2C+Michael+D&rft.aulast=Antonini&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=279&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biochemistry&rft.issn=03008177&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2007-03-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impacts of mental health parity and managed care in one large employer group: a reexamination. AN - 68796005; 16284042 AB - Although the impacts of carve-outs to managed behavioral health care organizations (MBHOs) and parity mandates on costs are largely settled in the literature, their impacts on access are less clear. Here we reexamine a study published by Samuel Zuvekas and colleagues in this journal, which found that the number of people receiving mental health/substance abuse treatment increased by almost 50 percent after the introduction of mental health parity and an MBHO. Using multivariate panel data methods, we now suggest that secular trends were largely responsible for this increase. JF - Health affairs (Project Hope) AU - Zuvekas, Samuel H AU - Rupp, Agnes E AU - Norquist, Grayson S AD - Center for Financing, Access, and Cost Trends, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD, USA. szuvekas@ahrq.gov PY - 2005 SP - 1668 EP - 1671 VL - 24 IS - 6 SN - 0278-2715, 0278-2715 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- therapy KW - Humans KW - Employment KW - Organizational Case Studies KW - Catchment Area (Health) KW - Managed Care Programs KW - Mental Health Services -- utilization KW - Health Services Accessibility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68796005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+affairs+%28Project+Hope%29&rft.atitle=The+impacts+of+mental+health+parity+and+managed+care+in+one+large+employer+group%3A+a+reexamination.&rft.au=Zuvekas%2C+Samuel+H%3BRupp%2C+Agnes+E%3BNorquist%2C+Grayson+S&rft.aulast=Zuvekas&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1668&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+affairs+%28Project+Hope%29&rft.issn=02782715&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-31 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workgroup report: Drinking-water nitrate and health--recent findings and research needs. AN - 68755213; 16263519 AB - Human alteration of the nitrogen cycle has resulted in steadily accumulating nitrate in our water resources. The U.S. maximum contaminant level and World Health Organization guidelines for nitrate in drinking water were promulgated to protect infants from developing methemoglobinemia, an acute condition. Some scientists have recently suggested that the regulatory limit for nitrate is overly conservative; however, they have not thoroughly considered chronic health outcomes. In August 2004, a symposium on drinking-water nitrate and health was held at the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology meeting to evaluate nitrate exposures and associated health effects in relation to the current regulatory limit. The contribution of drinking-water nitrate toward endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds was evaluated with a focus toward identifying subpopulations with increased rates of nitrosation. Adverse health effects may be the result of a complex interaction of the amount of nitrate ingested, the concomitant ingestion of nitrosation cofactors and precursors, and specific medical conditions that increase nitrosation. Workshop participants concluded that more experimental studies are needed and that a particularly fruitful approach may be to conduct epidemiologic studies among susceptible subgroups with increased endogenous nitrosation. The few epidemiologic studies that have evaluated intake of nitrosation precursors and/or nitrosation inhibitors have observed elevated risks for colon cancer and neural tube defects associated with drinking-water nitrate concentrations below the regulatory limit. The role of drinking-water nitrate exposure as a risk factor for specific cancers, reproductive outcomes, and other chronic health effects must be studied more thoroughly before changes to the regulatory level for nitrate in drinking water can be considered. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Ward, Mary H AU - deKok, Theo M AU - Levallois, Patrick AU - Brender, Jean AU - Gulis, Gabriel AU - Nolan, Bernard T AU - VanDerslice, James AU - International Society for Environmental Epidemiology AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. wardm@mail.nih.gov ; International Society for Environmental Epidemiology Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 1607 EP - 1614 VL - 113 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Nitrates KW - 0 KW - Nitroso Compounds KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Drinking KW - Methemoglobinemia -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Nitroso Compounds -- toxicity KW - Nitrosation KW - Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Nitrates -- toxicity KW - Water Supply UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68755213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Workgroup+report%3A+Drinking-water+nitrate+and+health--recent+findings+and+research+needs.&rft.au=Ward%2C+Mary+H%3BdeKok%2C+Theo+M%3BLevallois%2C+Patrick%3BBrender%2C+Jean%3BGulis%2C+Gabriel%3BNolan%2C+Bernard+T%3BVanDerslice%2C+James%3BInternational+Society+for+Environmental+Epidemiology&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1607&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes 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Biomarkers Prev. 1992 Sep-Oct;1(6):455-61 [1302557] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Sep 15;85(18):1483-92 [8360931] Circ Res. 1993 Dec;73(6):1121-7 [8222083] Mutat Res. 1994 Mar 1;305(2):253-64 [7510036] Toxicol Lett. 1994 Jun;72(1-3):365-74 [8202954] Int J Epidemiol. 1994 Jun;23(3):451-7 [7960368] Eur J Epidemiol. 1995 Feb;11(1):15-21 [7489769] Carcinogenesis. 1996 Mar;17(3):515-23 [8631138] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 May;104(5):522-8 [8743440] J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1996 Jul;23(1):1-7 [8811515] Carcinogenesis. 2003 Mar;24(3):595-603 [12663523] Cancer Res. 2003 May 15;63(10):2358-60 [12750250] Epidemiology. 2003 Nov;14(6):640-9 [14569178] Am J Epidemiol. 2004 Apr 1;159(7):693-701 [15033647] Epidemiology. 2004 May;15(3):330-6 [15097014] Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Jul;112(10):A556-63 [15238298] Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Aug 1;68(3):523-30 [15242818] Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Oct;112(14):1371-4 [15471727] Bull World Health Organ. 1999;77(9):749-53 [10534899] Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Apr;108(4):363-6 [10753096] Environ Health Perspect. 2000 May;108(5):457-61 [10811574] Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Jul;108(7):675-8 [10903623] Food Chem Toxicol. 2000 Nov;38(11):1013-9 [11038239] Arch Environ Health. 2000 Sep-Oct;55(5):326-9 [11063407] Comment In: Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Aug;114(8):A458-9; author reply A459-61 [16882507] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Serum levels of albumin, triglycerides, total protein and glucose in rats are altered after oral treatment with low doses of 13-cis-retinoic acid or all-trans-retinoic acid. AN - 68752713; 16092084 AB - Currently used to treat severe acne, 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cis-RA) is under investigation for its anticancer effects as is the isomer, all-trans-retinoic acid (all-trans-RA). Here, the effects of oral 13-cis-RA or all-trans-RA treatment on serum chemistry, leptin and adiponectin levels were evaluated. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged once daily for 7 consecutive days with 13-cis-RA (7.5 or 15 mg kg(-1)), all-trans-RA (10 or 15 mg kg(-1)) (n=24/sex/dose), or soy oil (n=16/sex) and blood was sampled 30-480 min after the last gavage. The body weight was unaffected; however, the liver/body weight ratios were increased by both doses of all-trans-RA. Sex differences were noted for levels of cholesterol, creatine, triglycerides, albumin, alanine aminotransferase and total protein. Both doses of all-trans-RA reduced albumin levels to approximately 90% of the control and total protein levels to approximately 93% of the control while substantially elevating triglyceride levels to approximately 66%-99% above the control. Additionally, triglyceride levels of the 15 mg kg(-1) 13-cis RA group were approximately 62% higher than the controls and total protein levels were approximately 5% less. Glucose levels were affected by sex and RA treatment in that males treated with 15 mg kg(-1) of 13-cis-RA or 10 mg kg(-1) all-trans-RA had lower (13%-19%) levels than the same-sex controls; however, females were not similarly affected. Neither 13-cis-RA nor all-trans-RA treatment had significant effects on the levels of blood urea nitrogen, aspartate amino transferase, leptin or adiponectin. On a mg kg(-1) basis, all-trans-RA was more potent than 13-cis-RA. These results replicate previous findings of RA-induced increased triglyceride levels. Additionally, several new findings indicate there may be sex-specific effects of RA treatment. Finally, neither treatment appeared to alter the typical diurnal cycles of these endpoints. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Cisneros, F J AU - Gough, B J AU - Patton, R E AU - Ferguson, S A AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, NCTR/FDA, Jefferson, AR, USA. cisneros@ncat.edu PY - 2005 SP - 470 EP - 478 VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Blood Glucose KW - 0 KW - Dermatologic Agents KW - Serum Albumin KW - Triglycerides KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Isotretinoin KW - EH28UP18IF KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Triglycerides -- blood KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Serum Albumin -- analysis KW - Sex Factors KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Blood Glucose -- analysis KW - Organ Size KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Isotretinoin -- administration & dosage KW - Dermatologic Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Tretinoin -- administration & dosage KW - Tretinoin -- toxicity KW - Isotretinoin -- toxicity KW - Dermatologic Agents -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68752713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Serum+levels+of+albumin%2C+triglycerides%2C+total+protein+and+glucose+in+rats+are+altered+after+oral+treatment+with+low+doses+of+13-cis-retinoic+acid+or+all-trans-retinoic+acid.&rft.au=Cisneros%2C+F+J%3BGough%2C+B+J%3BPatton%2C+R+E%3BFerguson%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Cisneros&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=470&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meeting report: Structural determination of environmentally responsive proteins. AN - 68751564; 16263521 AB - The three-dimensional structure of gene products continues to be a missing lynchpin between linear genome sequences and our understanding of the normal and abnormal function of proteins and pathways. Enhanced activity in this area is likely to lead to better understanding of how discrete changes in molecular patterns and conformation underlie functional changes in protein complexes and, with it, sensitivity of an individual to an exposure. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences convened a workshop of experts in structural determination and environmental health to solicit advice for future research in structural resolution relative to environmentally responsive proteins and pathways. The highest priorities recommended by the workshop were to support studies of structure, analysis, control, and design of conformational and functional states at molecular resolution for environmentally responsive molecules and complexes; promote understanding of dynamics, kinetics, and ligand responses; investigate the mechanisms and steps in posttranslational modifications, protein partnering, impact of genetic polymorphisms on structure/function, and ligand interactions; and encourage integrated experimental and computational approaches. The workshop participants also saw value in improving the throughput and purity of protein samples and macromolecular assemblies; developing optimal processes for design, production, and assembly of macromolecular complexes; encouraging studies on protein-protein and macromolecular interactions; and examining assemblies of individual proteins and their functions in pathways of interest for environmental health. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Reinlib, Leslie AD - Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2233, USA. reinlib@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 1622 EP - 1626 VL - 113 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Ligands KW - 0 KW - Macromolecular Substances KW - Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Health KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational KW - Toxicogenetics KW - Protein Binding KW - Proteins -- chemistry KW - Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein Conformation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68751564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Meeting+report%3A+Structural+determination+of+environmentally+responsive+proteins.&rft.au=Reinlib%2C+Leslie&rft.aulast=Reinlib&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1622&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nat Struct Biol. 2001 Oct;8(10):822-4 [11573079] Bioinformatics. 2005 Jun 15;21(12):2814-20 [15827081] Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 2002;3:243-62 [12194989] Nature. 2003 Jan 23;421(6921):431-5 [12540917] Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2003 Dec;13(6):748-57 [14675554] Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Jan 1;32(Database issue):D217-22 [14681398] Biochemistry. 2004 Feb 24;43(7):1950-62 [14967035] Curr Med Chem. 2004 Mar;11(5):525-38 [15032601] Curr Top Med Chem. 2004;4(7):687-700 [15032682] Curr Med Chem. 2004 Apr;11(8):1065-84 [15078166] Mol Interv. 2004 Jun;4(3):147-56 [15210868] Nature. 2004 Oct 21;431(7011):931-45 [15496913] Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics. 2004 Feb;2(1):1-5 [15629037] FEBS J. 2005 Jan;272(2):293-312 [15654870] Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2005 Feb;15(1):15-22 [15718128] Bioinformatics. 2005 May 1;21(9):1901-7 [15657096] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Dec 4;98(25):14274-9 [11724958] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of neuroadaptations in relapse to drug seeking. AN - 68737607; 16251983 AB - One of the most difficult problems in treating addiction is not withdrawing addicts from drugs, but preventing relapse. Persistent neuroadaptations are thought to underlie aspects of addiction, including relapse. This commentary assesses the degree to which these neuroadaptations, primarily identified in preclinical studies on cocaine, induce relapse. JF - Nature neuroscience AU - Shaham, Yavin AU - Hope, Bruce T AD - Behavioral Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. yshaham@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 1437 EP - 1439 VL - 8 IS - 11 SN - 1097-6256, 1097-6256 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Amygdala -- physiopathology KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Recurrence KW - Cocaine-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Cocaine-Related Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Adaptation, Physiological KW - Cocaine-Related Disorders -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68737607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+neuroscience&rft.atitle=The+role+of+neuroadaptations+in+relapse+to+drug+seeking.&rft.au=Shaham%2C+Yavin%3BHope%2C+Bruce+T&rft.aulast=Shaham&rft.aufirst=Yavin&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+neuroscience&rft.issn=10976256&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-25 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Motivational effects of cannabinoids and opioids on food reinforcement depend on simultaneous activation of cannabinoid and opioid systems. AN - 68711071; 15812567 AB - Strong functional interactions exist between endogenous cannabinoid and opioid systems. Here, we investigated whether cannabinoid-opioid interactions modulate motivational effects of food reinforcement. In rats responding for food under a progressive-ratio schedule, the maximal effort (break point) expended to obtain 45 mg pellets depended on the level of food deprivation, with free-feeding reducing break points and food-deprivation increasing break points. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 0.3-5.6 mg/kg intrapeitoneally (i.p.)) and morphine (1-10 mg/kg i.p.) dose-dependently increased break points for food reinforcement, while the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist rimonabant (SR-141716A; 0.3-3 mg/kg i.p.) and the preferential mu-opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (0.3-3 mg/kg i.p.) dose-dependently decreased break points. THC and morphine only increased break points when food was delivered during testing, suggesting that these treatments directly influenced reinforcing effects of food, rather than increasing behavior in a nonspecific manner. Effects of THC were blocked by rimonabant and effects of morphine were blocked by naloxone, demonstrating that THC's effects depended on cannabinoid CB1 receptor activation and morphine's effects depended on opioid-receptor activation. Furthermore, THC's effects were blocked by naloxone and morphine's effects were blocked by rimonabant, demonstrating that mu-opioid receptors were involved in the effects of THC and cannabinoid CB1 receptors were involved in the effects of morphine on food-reinforced behavior. Thus, activation of both endogenous cannabinoid and opioid systems appears to jointly facilitate motivational effects of food measured under progressive-ratio schedules of reinforcement and this facilitatory modulation appears to critically depend on interactions between these two systems. These findings support the proposed therapeutic utility of cannabinoid agonists and antagonists in eating disorders. JF - Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology AU - Solinas, Marcello AU - Goldberg, Steven R AD - Preclinical Pharmacology Section, Behavioral Neuroscience Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD, USA. msolinas@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 2035 EP - 2045 VL - 30 IS - 11 SN - 0893-133X, 0893-133X KW - Analgesics, Non-Narcotic KW - 0 KW - Analgesics, Opioid KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists KW - Cannabinoids KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants KW - Drug Combinations KW - Narcotics KW - Piperidines KW - Pyrazoles KW - Receptors, Cannabinoid KW - Receptors, Opioid KW - Methamphetamine KW - 44RAL3456C KW - Morphine KW - 76I7G6D29C KW - Dronabinol KW - 7J8897W37S KW - rimonabant KW - RML78EN3XE KW - Index Medicus KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Conditioning, Operant -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Analgesics, Non-Narcotic -- pharmacology KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants -- pharmacology KW - Reinforcement Schedule KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Food Deprivation -- physiology KW - Dronabinol -- pharmacology KW - Behavior, Animal KW - Morphine -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Piperidines -- pharmacology KW - Pyrazoles -- pharmacology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Analgesics, Opioid -- pharmacology KW - Methamphetamine -- pharmacology KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Receptors, Cannabinoid -- physiology KW - Motivation KW - Food KW - Reinforcement (Psychology) KW - Narcotics -- pharmacology KW - Cannabinoids -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Opioid -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68711071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Motivational+effects+of+cannabinoids+and+opioids+on+food+reinforcement+depend+on+simultaneous+activation+of+cannabinoid+and+opioid+systems.&rft.au=Solinas%2C+Marcello%3BGoldberg%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Solinas&rft.aufirst=Marcello&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2035&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.issn=0893133X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cannabinoid agonists but not inhibitors of endogenous cannabinoid transport or metabolism enhance the reinforcing efficacy of heroin in rats. AN - 68698420; 15870833 AB - Accumulating evidence suggests that the endogenous cannabinoid system is involved in the reinforcing effects of heroin. In rats intravenously self-administering heroin, we investigated effects of cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonists and compounds that block transport or metabolism of the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide. The natural cannnabinoid CB1 receptor agonist delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, 0.3-3 mg/kg i.p.) did not alter self-administration of heroin under a fixed-ratio one (FR1) schedule, except at a high 3 mg/kg dose which decreased heroin self-administration. Under a progressive-ratio schedule, however, THC dose-dependently increased the number of 50 mug/kg heroin injections self-administered per session and the maximal ratio completed (break-point), with peak increases at 1 mg/kg THC. In addition, 1 mg/kg THC increased break-points and injections self-administered over a wide range of heroin injection doses (25-100 microg/kg), indicating an increase in heroin's reinforcing efficacy and not its potency. The synthetic cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist WIN55,212-2 (0.3-3 mg/kg i.p.) had effects similar to THC under the progressive-ratio schedule. In contrast, AM-404 (1-10 mg/kg i.p.), an inhibitor of transport of anandamide, and URB-597 (0.01-0.3 mg/kg i.p.), an inhibitor of the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) that degrades anandamide, or their combination, did not increase reinforcing efficacy of heroin at any dose tested. Thus, activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors facilitates the reinforcing efficacy of heroin and this appears to be mediated by interactions between cannabinoid CB1 receptors and mu-opioid receptors and their signaling pathways, rather than by an opioid-induced release of endogenous cannabinoids. JF - Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology AU - Solinas, Marcello AU - Panlilio, Leigh V AU - Tanda, Gianluigi AU - Makriyannis, Alexandros AU - Matthews, Stephanie A AU - Goldberg, Steven R AD - Preclinical Pharmacology Section, Behavioral Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 2046 EP - 2057 VL - 30 IS - 11 SN - 0893-133X, 0893-133X KW - Arachidonic Acids KW - 0 KW - Benzamides KW - Benzoxazines KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators KW - Cannabinoids KW - Carbamates KW - Morpholines KW - N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)arachidonylamide KW - Naphthalenes KW - Narcotics KW - cyclohexyl carbamic acid 3'-carbamoylbiphenyl-3-yl ester KW - Win 55212-2 KW - 5H31GI9502 KW - Heroin KW - 70D95007SX KW - Dronabinol KW - 7J8897W37S KW - Index Medicus KW - Carbamates -- pharmacology KW - Naphthalenes -- pharmacology KW - Reaction Time -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Reinforcement Schedule KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Dronabinol -- pharmacology KW - Morpholines -- pharmacology KW - Self Administration -- psychology KW - Behavior, Animal KW - Arachidonic Acids -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Benzamides -- pharmacology KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Conditioning, Operant -- drug effects KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators -- agonists KW - Cannabinoids -- agonists KW - Reinforcement (Psychology) KW - Narcotics -- administration & dosage KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Heroin -- administration & dosage KW - Cannabinoids -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68698420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Cannabinoid+agonists+but+not+inhibitors+of+endogenous+cannabinoid+transport+or+metabolism+enhance+the+reinforcing+efficacy+of+heroin+in+rats.&rft.au=Solinas%2C+Marcello%3BPanlilio%2C+Leigh+V%3BTanda%2C+Gianluigi%3BMakriyannis%2C+Alexandros%3BMatthews%2C+Stephanie+A%3BGoldberg%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Solinas&rft.aufirst=Marcello&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2046&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.issn=0893133X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reported active metabolite of methoxychlor, 2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane, inhibits testosterone formation by cultured Leydig cells from neonatal rats. AN - 68654960; 16199348 AB - Methoxychlor (MC) is an insecticide that is presently used on agricultural crops, especially after the ban on the use of 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (DDT) in the United States. Following administration in vivo, MC is converted to 2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (HPTE), which is thought to be the active agent. However, both MC and HPTE have been reported to have weak estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities, and they are thought to exert their potential adverse (endocrine disruptive) effects through the estrogen and androgen receptors, respectively. In a recent study, HPTE was shown to inhibit both basal and hCG-stimulated testosterone production by cultured Leydig cells from immature and adult rats, and these effects were reported to be mediated through the estrogen receptor. Because fetal Leydig cells represent a separate population from adult Leydig cells and many of the reported adverse actions of endocrine disruptors are thought to have their effects during gestational exposure, the present studies examined the effects of HPTE on testosterone formation by cultured fetal Leydig cells from neonatal rats to determine whether these cells are sensitive to HPTE. Our studies demonstrated that HPTE inhibited both basal and hCG-stimulated testosterone formation in a dose-dependent manner. Significant declines in testosterone were observed at about 100nM HPTE, and this effect was detected as early as 1h after exposure. The main effects of HPTE appeared to be localized to the cholesterol side-chain cleavage step which converts cholesterol to pregnenolone. In addition, this effect did not appear to be mediated through the estrogen receptor as a weak estrogen or the androgen receptor as an antiandrogen, which are the currently proposed modes of action of MC and HPTE. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Murono, Eisuke P AU - Derk, Raymond C AD - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, M/S L-2015, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA. eem8@cdc.gov PY - 2005 SP - 503 EP - 513 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin KW - 0 KW - Endocrine Disruptors KW - Insecticides KW - Phenols KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate KW - 23583-48-4 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme KW - EC 1.14.15.6 KW - 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane KW - H58165YO91 KW - Methoxychlor KW - RIA79UD69L KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Time Factors KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Insecticides -- metabolism KW - Endocrine Disruptors -- toxicity KW - Methoxychlor -- metabolism KW - Leydig Cells -- metabolism KW - Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Testosterone -- metabolism KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme -- metabolism KW - Leydig Cells -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68654960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=The+reported+active+metabolite+of+methoxychlor%2C+2%2C2-bis%28p-hydroxyphenyl%29-1%2C1%2C1-trichloroethane%2C+inhibits+testosterone+formation+by+cultured+Leydig+cells+from+neonatal+rats.&rft.au=Murono%2C+Eisuke+P%3BDerk%2C+Raymond+C&rft.aulast=Murono&rft.aufirst=Eisuke&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-09-29 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of a prototype PCR assay and hybrid capture 2 for detection of carcinogenic human papillomavirus DNA in women with equivocal or mildly abnormal papanicolaou smears. AN - 68649093; 16203281 AB - We evaluated Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for paired specimens collected at 19,187 visits from 5,026 of 5,060 women participating in the Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance/Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion Triage Study (ALTS). We examined the test agreement between HC2 and PCR detection for any of 13 carcinogenic human papillomavirus types targeted by HC2 and compared clinical performance of the 2 tests for detecting concurrent and follow-up cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3 or cancer. The k value for the 2 assays was 0.65 (95% confidence interval, 0.64-0.66), with 82.7% crude agreement. HC2 was more sensitive (93.6% vs 89.3%; P < .0005) but less specific (41.2% vs 48.5%; P < .0005) than PCR for detecting 2-year cumulative CIN 3 or cancer (n = 503). The presence of multiple types as detected by PCR and/or cytologic abnormality increased the likelihood of an HC2+ result. Increased sensitivity of HC2 compared with PCR was surprising, given the theoretical advantages of PCR-based methods for analytic sensitivity. Smaller amounts of material used in PCR could have limited its sensitivity, but our results demonstrate the importance of optimization and standardization of PCR-based assays for clinical applications. JF - American journal of clinical pathology AU - Schiffman, Mark AU - Wheeler, Cosette M AU - Dasgupta, Abhijit AU - Solomon, Diane AU - Castle, Philip E AU - ALTS Group AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892-7234, USA. ; ALTS Group Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 722 EP - 732 VL - 124 IS - 5 SN - 0002-9173, 0002-9173 KW - DNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Papillomavirus Infections -- diagnosis KW - DNA, Viral -- analysis KW - Papillomaviridae -- isolation & purification KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Uterine Cervical Neoplasms -- diagnosis KW - Vaginal Smears KW - Papillomaviridae -- genetics KW - Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia -- diagnosis KW - Papanicolaou Test UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68649093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+clinical+pathology&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+a+prototype+PCR+assay+and+hybrid+capture+2+for+detection+of+carcinogenic+human+papillomavirus+DNA+in+women+with+equivocal+or+mildly+abnormal+papanicolaou+smears.&rft.au=Schiffman%2C+Mark%3BWheeler%2C+Cosette+M%3BDasgupta%2C+Abhijit%3BSolomon%2C+Diane%3BCastle%2C+Philip+E%3BALTS+Group&rft.aulast=Schiffman&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=722&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+clinical+pathology&rft.issn=00029173&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Burn care standards in Israel: lack of consensus. AN - 68641542; 15967581 AB - In recent years, the need for a national burn center based on ABA guidelines has emerged in Israel. The formation of such a center is now underway in the Chaim Sheba Medical Center. As a first step in the standardization of burn care in Israel, we have conducted a nation-wide survey among burn care personnel (physicians, nurses and other burn team members), regarding different aspects of the treatment of burn patients. A questionnaire comprised of 30 questions regarding the severity of burns admitted, the site of initial management, wound care (both burn/skin-graft sites and donor sites), dressing changes protocols, sterility precautions, hydrotherapy, and pressure dressings was presented to 70 health-care professionals involved in the treatment of burns. Seventy-seven percent of interviewed personnel participated in the survey. Consensus was found regarding most local (topical) wound care, (SSD for clean non-facial burns, Sulfamylon (mafenide-acetate) for contaminated non-facial burns, Threolone (chloramphenicol 3% and prednisolone 0.5%) or Bacitracin for facial burns, Paraffin gauzes with or without Sulfamylon for donor and graft sites). Dressing changes regimes were also agreed upon generally. However, there was no consensus regarding the ideal time for the removal of donor site dressings and this issue will need to be resolved. Other important findings are that both Edinborough University Solution of Lime (EUSOL), which has been deemed unsuitable for burn treatment due to toxic effects, and hydrotherapy, which has been proposed as a source of infection and contamination, are still widely used. We anticipate that these issues will be settled in our unified national burn care protocols (which are currently under development and revision). JF - Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries AU - Haik, J AU - Ashkenazy, O AU - Sinai, S AU - Tessone, A AU - Barda, Y AU - Winkler, E AU - Orenstein, A AU - Mendes, D AD - The Israeli National Burn Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat gan 52600, Israel. josef.haik@sheba.health.gov.il Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 845 EP - 849 VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0305-4179, 0305-4179 KW - Anti-Infective Agents KW - 0 KW - Petrolatum KW - 8009-03-8 KW - Prednisolone KW - 9PHQ9Y1OLM KW - Index Medicus KW - Referral and Consultation -- statistics & numerical data KW - Bandages -- utilization KW - Humans KW - Consensus KW - Israel KW - Petrolatum -- administration & dosage KW - Adult KW - Anti-Infective Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Practice Guidelines as Topic KW - Hydrotherapy -- utilization KW - Professional Practice -- standards KW - Prednisolone -- administration & dosage KW - Infection Control KW - Administration, Topical KW - Emergency Service, Hospital -- standards KW - Burns -- therapy KW - Burn Units -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68641542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Burns+%3A+journal+of+the+International+Society+for+Burn+Injuries&rft.atitle=Burn+care+standards+in+Israel%3A+lack+of+consensus.&rft.au=Haik%2C+J%3BAshkenazy%2C+O%3BSinai%2C+S%3BTessone%2C+A%3BBarda%2C+Y%3BWinkler%2C+E%3BOrenstein%2C+A%3BMendes%2C+D&rft.aulast=Haik&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=845&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Burns+%3A+journal+of+the+International+Society+for+Burn+Injuries&rft.issn=03054179&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-03-10 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of chromium picolinate and its components in Salmonella typhimurium and L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells. AN - 68578771; 16040181 AB - Chromium picolinate is one of the most commonly used chromium dietary supplements available in the United States, and it has been marketed to consumers for use in weight loss, increasing muscle mass, and lowering serum cholesterol. Chromium picolinate is a synthetic compound that provides a bioavailable form of Cr(III) that is absorbed better than dietary chromium. However, there are several reports that it can have adverse effects. In order to study the mechanism of observed cellular toxicity and mutagenicity, chromium picolinate and its component compounds, chromium (III) chloride and picolinic acid, were evaluated in Salmonella typhimurium and L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells. Neither chromium picolinate nor chromium chloride induced a mutagenic response in S. typhimurium. However, in the L5178Y mouse lymphoma mutation assay, chromium picolinate induced mutagenic responses without and with the addition of S9. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Whittaker, Paul AU - San, Richard H C AU - Clarke, Jane J AU - Seifried, Harold E AU - Dunkel, Virginia C AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740-3835, United States. paul.whittaker@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 1619 EP - 1625 VL - 43 IS - 11 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Picolinic Acids KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - picolinic acid KW - QZV2W997JQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Mice KW - Chromium -- toxicity KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Mesocricetus KW - Tumor Stem Cell Assay KW - Cricetinae KW - Lymphoma -- genetics KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Lymphoma -- pathology KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Picolinic Acids -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68578771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+chromium+picolinate+and+its+components+in+Salmonella+typhimurium+and+L5178Y+mouse+lymphoma+cells.&rft.au=Whittaker%2C+Paul%3BSan%2C+Richard+H+C%3BClarke%2C+Jane+J%3BSeifried%2C+Harold+E%3BDunkel%2C+Virginia+C&rft.aulast=Whittaker&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Tips for Kids: Lower Your Risk for Type 2 Diabetes AN - 62081597; ED490974 AB - Today, more kids have type 2 diabetes than ever before. This colorful, easy-to-read tip sheet encourages young people to take steps to lower their risk for type 2 diabetes. A list of warning signs and a healthy eating guide is offered, along with a list of websites to learn more. [This brochure was prepared by the Department of Health and Human Services' National Diabetes Education Program (NDEP).] Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 4 PB - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 200 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20201. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Community KW - Students KW - Eating Habits KW - Risk KW - Wellness KW - Health Behavior KW - Children KW - Nutrition KW - Health Promotion KW - Diabetes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62081597?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Eliminating Health Disparities: Strengthening Data on Race, Ethnicity, and Primary Language in the United States AN - 58761278; 2007-18844 AB - Compelling evidence exists that differences in health status, access to care, and the provision of physical and mental health services are significantly related to race, ethnicity, primary language, geography, and various measures of socioeconomic position, such as educational status, income, wealth, and conditions in childhood. Efforts to improve health care and eliminate health disparities in the United States are an important element of the Secretary of Health and Human Services 500 Day Plan: Longer, Healthier, and Better Lives (www.os.dhhs.gov/500DayPlan/500DayPlan.pdf). These efforts can succeed only when researchers, policy-makers, health care professionals, and community groups are equipped with complete and accurate data on the differences in health status, access to care, and the provision of services experienced by specific population groups in the United States. This essential prerequisite for progress has been the focus of hearings and a lengthy review of available information conducted by the National Committee on Vital and Health Statistics (NCVHS) Subcommittee on Populations. The NCVHS is the statutory public advisory body that advises the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) on information needs underlying national health policy. The Committee offers this summary of its findings and recommendations so that the strategies outlined can provide an effective and useful roadmap for future action by HHS and its partnering agencies and organizations within and outside of the Federal government. Appendixes, References. JF - United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nov 2005, 88 pp. AU - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 EP - 88p PB - United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention KW - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - National, ethnic, and minority groups KW - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy KW - Minorities - Social aspects KW - Public health - Social aspects KW - Minorities - Health KW - United States - Health conditions KW - Racial differences - United States KW - Public health - United States KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58761278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=U.S.+Department+of+Health+and+Human+Services&rft.aulast=U.S.+Department+of+Health+and+Human+Services&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=88p&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Eliminating+Health+Disparities%3A+Strengthening+Data+on+Race%2C+Ethnicity%2C+and+Primary+Language+in+the+United+States&rft.title=Eliminating+Health+Disparities%3A+Strengthening+Data+on+Race%2C+Ethnicity%2C+and+Primary+Language+in+the+United+States&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/misc/EliHealthDisp.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-07 N1 - Publication note - United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effectiveness of early head start for 3-year-old children and their parents: lessons for policy and programs AN - 38201469; 2988841 AB - Early Head Start, a federal program begun in 1995 for low-income pregnant women and families with infants and toddlers, was evaluated through a randomized trial of 3,001 families in 17 programs. Interviews with primary caregivers, child assessments, and observations of parent-child interactions were completed when children were 3 years old. Caregivers were diverse in race-ethnicity, language, and other characteristics. Regression-adjusted impact analyses showed that 3-year-old program children performed better than did control children in cognitive and language development, displayed higher emotional engagement of the parent and sustained attention with play objects, and were lower in aggressive behavior. Compared with controls, Early Head Start parents were more emotionally supportive, provided more language and learning stimulation, read to their children more, and spanked less. The strongest and most numerous impacts were for programs that offered a mix of home-visiting and center-based services and that fully implemented the performance standards early. Reprinted by permission of the American Psychological Association JF - Developmental psychology AU - Love, John M AU - Kisker, Ellen Eliason AU - Ross, Christine AU - Raikes, Helen AU - Constantine, Jill AU - Boller, Kimberly AU - Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne AU - Chazan-Cohen, Rachel AU - Tarullo, Louisa Banks AU - Brady-Smith, Christy AU - Fuligni, Allison Sidle AU - Schochet, Peter Z AU - Paulsell, Diane AU - Vogel, Cheri AD - Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. ; Mathematica Policy Research Inc. ; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services ; Columbia University Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 885 EP - 901 VL - 41 IS - 6 SN - 0012-1649, 0012-1649 KW - Sociology KW - Political Science KW - Psychology KW - Childhood KW - Poverty KW - Public policy KW - Developmental psychology KW - Child development KW - Child welfare UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38201469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developmental+psychology&rft.atitle=The+effectiveness+of+early+head+start+for+3-year-old+children+and+their+parents%3A+lessons+for+policy+and+programs&rft.au=Love%2C+John+M%3BKisker%2C+Ellen+Eliason%3BRoss%2C+Christine%3BRaikes%2C+Helen%3BConstantine%2C+Jill%3BBoller%2C+Kimberly%3BBrooks-Gunn%2C+Jeanne%3BChazan-Cohen%2C+Rachel%3BTarullo%2C+Louisa+Banks%3BBrady-Smith%2C+Christy%3BFuligni%2C+Allison+Sidle%3BSchochet%2C+Peter+Z%3BPaulsell%2C+Diane%3BVogel%2C+Cheri&rft.aulast=Love&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=885&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developmental+psychology&rft.issn=00121649&rft_id=info:doi/10.1037%2F0012-1649.41.6.885 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2197 2212 6075 3483; 2211 652 5676 646 6091 2212; 9962; 2208 2212; 3518 10404; 10472; 10404 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.41.6.885 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The demand for dependent health insurance: how important is the cost of family coverage? AN - 37748282; 3279198 JF - Journal of health economics AU - Monheit, A C AU - Vistnes, J P AD - University of New Jersey ; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 1108 EP - 1131 VL - 24 IS - 6 SN - 0167-6296, 0167-6296 KW - Economics KW - Sociology KW - Costs KW - Health economics KW - Family KW - Health insurance KW - Employment KW - Aid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37748282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+health+economics&rft.atitle=The+demand+for+dependent+health+insurance%3A+how+important+is+the+cost+of+family+coverage%3F&rft.au=Monheit%2C+A+C%3BVistnes%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Monheit&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+health+economics&rft.issn=01676296&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhealeco.2005.04.005 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5784 6592 4957 11923 11949 13521; 4214; 879; 2934; 5778 4025; 4748 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2005.04.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The cost of HIV medication adherence support interventions: results of a cross-site evaluation AN - 37715538; 3261342 AB - The objective of this study was to determine the direct cost of HIV adherence support programmes participating in a cross-site evaluation in the US. Data on the frequency, type, and setting of adherence encounters; providers' professions; and adherence tools provided were collected for 1,122 patients enrolled in 13 interventions at 9 sites. The site staff estimated the average duration of each type of encounter and national wage rates were used for labour costs. The median (range) adherence encounters/year among interventions was 16.5 (4.3-104.6) per patient; encounters lasted 24.6 (8.9-40.9) minutes. Intervention direct cost was correlated with the average frequency of encounters (r=0.57), but not with encounter duration or providers' professions. The median direct cost/month was $35 ($5-$58) per patient, and included direct provider costs (66%); incentives (17%); reminders and other tools (8%); and direct administrative time, provider transportation, training, and home delivery (9%). The median direct cost/month from a societal perspective, which includes patient time and travel costs, was $47 ($24-$114) per patient. Adherence interventions with moderate efficacy costing <=$100/month have been estimated to meet a cost-effectiveness threshold that is generally accepted in the US. Payers should consider enhanced reimbursement for adherence support services. Reprinted by permission of Routledge, Taylor & Francis Ltd. JF - AIDS care AU - Schackman, B R AU - Finkelstein, R AU - Neukermans, C P AU - Lewis, L AU - Eldred, L AD - Cornell University ; New York Academy of Medicine ; Health Resources and Services Administration Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 927 EP - 937 VL - 17 IS - 8 SN - 0954-0121, 0954-0121 KW - Sociology KW - Public services KW - Cost-effectiveness KW - Health care KW - Social support KW - AIDS KW - Cost analysis KW - Medical treatment KW - Diseases KW - U.S.A. KW - Interventionism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37715538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIDS+care&rft.atitle=The+cost+of+HIV+medication+adherence+support+interventions%3A+results+of+a+cross-site+evaluation&rft.au=Schackman%2C+B+R%3BFinkelstein%2C+R%3BNeukermans%2C+C+P%3BLewis%2C+L%3BEldred%2C+L&rft.aulast=Schackman&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=927&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIDS+care&rft.issn=09540121&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09540120500100635 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7890 5792 10484; 2920 971 2934 3883; 3617 6220; 2933 2920 971 2934 3883; 10484; 11938 11949 13521; 482 3617 6220; 6828 7869 2703 2698 5200 5574 10472; 5775 13521; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540120500100635 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unusual inflammatory and fibrogenic pulmonary responses to single-walled carbon nanotubes in mice AN - 21338592; 6508386 AB - Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are new materials of emerging technological importance. As SWCNT are introduced into the life cycle of commercial products, their effects on human health and environment should be addressed. We demonstrated that pharyngeal aspiration of SWCNT elicited unusual pulmonary effects in C57BL/6 mice that combined a robust but acute inflammation with early onset yet progressive fibrosis and granulomas. A dose-dependent increase in the protein, LDH, and g-glutamyl transferase activities in bronchoalveolar lavage were found along with accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal (oxidative biomarker) and depletion of glutathione in lungs. An early neutrophils accumulation (day 1), followed by lymphocyte (day 3) and macrophage (day 7) influx, was accompanied by early elevation of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1b; day 1) followed by fibrogenic transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1 (peaked on day 7). A rapid progressive fibrosis found in mice exhibited two distinct morphologies: 1) SWCNT-induced granulomas mainly associated with hypertrophied epithelial cells surrounding SWCNT aggregates and 2) diffuse interstitial fibrosis and alveolar wall thickening likely associated with dispersed SWCNT. In vitro exposure of murine RAW 264.7 macrophages to SWCNT triggered TGF-b1 production similarly to zymosan but generated less TNF-a and IL-1b. SWCNT did not cause superoxide or NO.production, active SWCNT engulfment, or apoptosis in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Functional respiratory deficiencies and decreased bacterial clearance (Listeria monocytogenes) were found in mice treated with SWCNT. Equal doses of ultrafine carbon black particles or fine crystalline silica (SiO sub(2)) did not induce granulomas or alveolar wall thickening and caused a significantly weaker pulmonary inflammation and damage. JF - American Journal of Physiology: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology AU - Shvedova, Anna A AU - Kisin, Elena R AU - Mercer, Robert AU - Murray, Ashley R AU - Johnson, Victor J AU - Potapovich, Alla I AU - Tyurina, Yulia Y AU - Gorelik, Olga AU - Arepalli, Sevaram AU - Schwegler-Berry, Diane AU - Hubbs, Ann F AU - Antonini, James AU - Evans, Douglas E AU - Ku, Bon-Ki AU - Ramsey, Dawn AU - Maynard, Andrew AU - Kagan, Valerian E AU - Castranova, Vincent AU - Baron, Paul AD - Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - L698 EP - L708 PB - American Physiological Society, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3991 USA, [mailto:webmaster@the-aps.org], [URL:http://www.the-aps.org/] VL - 289 IS - 5 SN - 1040-0605, 1040-0605 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Macrophages KW - Epithelial cells KW - Apoptosis KW - Pharynx KW - Fibrosis KW - Glutathione KW - Interleukin 1 KW - Life cycle KW - Lymphocytes KW - Transforming growth factor-b1 KW - 4-Hydroxynonenal KW - Carbon KW - Bronchus KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - Leukocytes (neutrophilic) KW - Tumor necrosis factor-a KW - Granuloma KW - biomarkers KW - Alveoli KW - Inflammation KW - Silica KW - Lung KW - g-Glutamylcyclotransferase KW - Superoxide KW - nanotubes KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21338592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Physiology%3A+Lung+Cellular+and+Molecular+Physiology&rft.atitle=Unusual+inflammatory+and+fibrogenic+pulmonary+responses+to+single-walled+carbon+nanotubes+in+mice&rft.au=Shvedova%2C+Anna+A%3BKisin%2C+Elena+R%3BMercer%2C+Robert%3BMurray%2C+Ashley+R%3BJohnson%2C+Victor+J%3BPotapovich%2C+Alla+I%3BTyurina%2C+Yulia+Y%3BGorelik%2C+Olga%3BArepalli%2C+Sevaram%3BSchwegler-Berry%2C+Diane%3BHubbs%2C+Ann+F%3BAntonini%2C+James%3BEvans%2C+Douglas+E%3BKu%2C+Bon-Ki%3BRamsey%2C+Dawn%3BMaynard%2C+Andrew%3BKagan%2C+Valerian+E%3BCastranova%2C+Vincent%3BBaron%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Shvedova&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=289&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=L698&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Physiology%3A+Lung+Cellular+and+Molecular+Physiology&rft.issn=10400605&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macrophages; Epithelial cells; Pharynx; Apoptosis; Glutathione; Fibrosis; Interleukin 1; Leukocytes (neutrophilic); Life cycle; Lymphocytes; Granuloma; Tumor necrosis factor-a; biomarkers; Alveoli; Inflammation; Transforming growth factor-b1; 4-Hydroxynonenal; Silica; Carbon; Bronchus; Lung; Superoxide; g-Glutamylcyclotransferase; nanotubes; Listeria monocytogenes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of a Heme-Dependent Signal Transduction System in Corynebacterium diphtheriae: Deletion of the chrAS Genes Results in Heme Sensitivity and Diminished Heme-Dependent Activation of the hmuO Promoter AN - 20981484; 6503128 AB - The Corynebacterium diphtheriae hmuO gene encodes a heme oxygenase that is involved in the utilization of heme as an iron source. Transcription of hmuO is activated by heme or hemoglobin and repressed by iron and DtxR. Previous studies with Escherichia coli showed that heme-dependent transcriptional activation of an hmuO promoter-lacZ fusion was dependent on the cloned C. diphtheriae chrA and chrS genes (chrAS), which encode the response regulator and sensor kinase, respectively, of a two-component signal transduction system. In this study, nonpolar deletions in the chrAS genes were constructed on the chromosome of C. diphtheriae. Mutations in chrAS resulted in marked reduction in heme-dependent transcription of hmuO, which indicates that the ChrA/S system is a key regulator at the hmuO promoter. However, low but significant levels of heme-specific transcriptional activity were observed at the hmuO promoter in the chrAS mutants, suggesting that an additional heme-dependent activator is involved in hmuO expression. The chrAS mutants were also sensitive to heme, which was observed only in stationary-phase cultures and correlated with reduced cell viability. The heme sensitivity of the mutants was not due to reduced expression of hmuO, and these results suggest that additional factors controlled by the ChrA/S system may be involved in protection against heme toxicity. Transcriptional analysis of the chrAS operon revealed that it was not autoregulated or affected by iron or heme levels. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Bibb, Lori A AU - King, Natalie D AU - Kunkle, Carey A AU - Schmitt, Michael P AD - Laboratory of Bacterial Toxins, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic, and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 7406 EP - 7412 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 11 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Heme KW - Transcription KW - Corynebacterium diphtheriae KW - Cell culture KW - Heme oxygenase (decyclizing) KW - Toxicity KW - Hemoglobin KW - Promoters KW - Gene deletion KW - Chromosomes KW - Chromosome deletion KW - Escherichia coli KW - Operons KW - Mutation KW - Iron KW - Transcription activation KW - Heme oxygenase KW - Signal transduction KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20981484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+a+Heme-Dependent+Signal+Transduction+System+in+Corynebacterium+diphtheriae%3A+Deletion+of+the+chrAS+Genes+Results+in+Heme+Sensitivity+and+Diminished+Heme-Dependent+Activation+of+the+hmuO+Promoter&rft.au=Bibb%2C+Lori+A%3BKing%2C+Natalie+D%3BKunkle%2C+Carey+A%3BSchmitt%2C+Michael+P&rft.aulast=Bibb&rft.aufirst=Lori&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=7406&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heme; Transcription; Heme oxygenase (decyclizing); Cell culture; Toxicity; Hemoglobin; Promoters; Chromosomes; Gene deletion; Chromosome deletion; Operons; Iron; Mutation; Transcription activation; Signal transduction; Heme oxygenase; Escherichia coli; Corynebacterium diphtheriae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicokinetics of acrylamide and glycidamide in Fischer 344 rats AN - 20777252; 8252308 AB - Acrylamide (AA) is a widely studied industrial chemical that is neurotoxic, mutagenic to somatic and germ cells, and carcinogenic in rodents. The recent discovery of AA at ppm levels in a wide variety of commonly consumed foods has energized research efforts worldwide to define toxic mechanisms, particularly toxicokinetics and bioavailability. This study compares the toxicokinetics of AA and its epoxide metabolite, glycidamide (GA), in serum and tissues of male and female F344 rats following acute exposure by intravenous, gavage, and dietary routes at 0.1 mg/kg AA or intravenous and gavage routes with an equimolar amount of GA. AA was rapidly absorbed after oral dosing, was widely distributed to tissues, was efficiently converted to GA, and produced increased levels of GA-DNA adducts in liver. GA was also rapidly absorbed, widely distributed to tissues, and produced increased liver DNA adduct levels. AA bioavailability after aqueous gavage was 60-98% and from the diet was 32-44%; however, first-pass metabolism or other kinetic change resulted in much higher internal exposures to GA (2- to 7-fold) when compared to the intravenous route. A similar effect on metabolism to GA following oral administration was previously observed under an identical exposure paradigm in mice. Furthermore, DNA adduct formation in rat liver showed the same proportionality with the respective GA AUC value as did mice in the previous study. These findings suggest that as the AA content in food is reduced, species-differences in GA formation and subsequent DNA adduct formation may be minimized. These findings provide additional information needed to assess genotoxic risks from the low levels of AA that are pervasive in the food supply. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Doerge AU - Young, J F AU - McDaniel, L P AU - Twaddle, N C AU - Churchwell, MI AD - Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, ddoerge@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/11/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 01 SP - 199 EP - 209 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 208 IS - 3 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Diets KW - DNA adducts KW - Epoxides KW - Intravenous administration KW - Food KW - Genotoxicity KW - Oral administration KW - Germ cells KW - Metabolites KW - Acrylamide KW - Kinetics KW - Risk factors KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Liver KW - Metabolism KW - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20777252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Toxicokinetics+of+acrylamide+and+glycidamide+in+Fischer+344+rats&rft.au=Doerge%3BYoung%2C+J+F%3BMcDaniel%2C+L+P%3BTwaddle%2C+N+C%3BChurchwell%2C+MI&rft.aulast=Doerge&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2005.03.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; DNA adducts; Intravenous administration; Epoxides; Food; Genotoxicity; Germ cells; Oral administration; Metabolites; Acrylamide; Risk factors; Kinetics; Neurotoxicity; Liver; Metabolism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2005.03.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MINIREVIEW AN - 204139017 AB - Dynamic protein-protein interactions are involved in most physiological processes and, in particular, for the formation of multiprotein signaling complexes at transmembrane receptors, adapter proteins and effector molecules. Because the unregulated induction of signaling complexes has substantial clinical relevance, the investigation of these complexes is an active area of research. These studies strive to answer questions about the composition and function of multiprotein signaling complexes, along with the molecular mechanisms of their formation. In this review, the adapter protein, linker for activation of T cells (LAT), will be employed as a model to exemplify how signaling complexes are characterized using a range of techniques. The intensive investigation of LAT highlights how the systematic use of complementary techniques leads to an integrated understanding of the formation, composition and function of multiprotein signaling complexes that occur at receptors, adapter proteins and effector molecules. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] JF - The FEBS Journal AU - Houtman, Jon C D AU - Barda-Saad, Mira AU - Samelson, Lawrence E Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 5426 EP - 5435 CY - Oxford PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd. VL - 272 IS - 21 SN - 1742464X KW - Biology--Biochemistry KW - Proteins KW - Signal transduction KW - T cell receptors KW - Molecular biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/204139017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apqrl&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+FEBS+Journal&rft.atitle=MINIREVIEW%3A+EXAMINING+MULTIPROTEIN+SIGNALING+COMPLEXES+FROM+ALL+ANGLES&rft.au=Houtman%2C+Jon+C+D%3BBarda-Saad%2C+Mira%3BSamelson%2C+Lawrence+E&rft.aulast=Houtman&rft.aufirst=Jon+C&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=272&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=5426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+FEBS+Journal&rft.issn=1742464X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1742-4658.2005.04972.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - 2005 FEBS N1 - Document feature - diagrams; tables; references N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04972.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Twelve-month prevalence and changes in driving after drinking: United States, 1991-1992 and 2001-2002 AN - 20377704; 7763574 AB - Background: Drinking and driving has been identified as one of the most important contributors of motor vehicle fatalities. This paper addressed the existing gap in our public health knowledge regarding the current prevalence of driving after drinking and how this has changed over the past decade. Methods: Prevalence rates of drinking and driving in 2001-2002, and changes in those prevalence rates between 1991-1992 and 2001-2002 were examined in two large nationally representative surveys of the U.S. population. Results: Overall, the prevalence of driving after drinking was 2.9% in 2001-2002 representing approximately six million U.S. adults. This rate was about three quarters of the rate observed in 1991-1992 (3.7%), reflecting a 22% reduction. Generally, the male-female differentials in the rate of driving after drinking decreased over the past decade. However, the sex ratios increased substantially for underaged youth over the past decade, reflecting the sharp decrease in prevalence of driving after drinking among 18-20-year-old women. Constant and emerging subgroups at high risk for drinking and driving included Whites, Native Americans, males, underaged young adults and 21-25-year-olds. Conclusions: The results of this study highlighted the need to continue to monitor prevalence and changes in driving after drinking. Results are discussed in the context of strengthening existing prevention and intervention efforts and developing new programs with the sociodemographic differentials observed in this study in mind. JF - Drug and Alcohol Dependence AU - Chou, S Patricia AU - Grant, Bridget F AU - Dawson, Deborah A AU - Stinson, Frederick S AU - Saha, Tulshi AU - Pickering, Roger P AD - Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biometry, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892-9304, USA, pchou@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 223 EP - 230 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 85 Limerick Ireland VL - 80 IS - 2 SN - 0376-8716, 0376-8716 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Alcohol-impaired driving KW - Drinking and driving KW - Sociodemographic characteristics KW - High risk subgroups KW - Changes in drinking and driving KW - Alcohol KW - Mortality KW - USA KW - driving ability KW - intervention KW - prevention KW - sex ratio KW - Traffic safety KW - young adults KW - Ethnic groups KW - Public health KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20377704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+Alcohol+Dependence&rft.atitle=Twelve-month+prevalence+and+changes+in+driving+after+drinking%3A+United+States%2C+1991-1992+and+2001-2002&rft.au=Chou%2C+S+Patricia%3BGrant%2C+Bridget+F%3BDawson%2C+Deborah+A%3BStinson%2C+Frederick+S%3BSaha%2C+Tulshi%3BPickering%2C+Roger+P&rft.aulast=Chou&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+Alcohol+Dependence&rft.issn=03768716&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.drugalcdep.2005.03.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Alcohol; driving ability; intervention; prevention; sex ratio; Traffic safety; young adults; Ethnic groups; Public health; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.03.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nucleoside transport in primary cultured rabbit tracheal epithelial cells AN - 20226736; 6655388 AB - The present study aimed at elucidating the mechanisms of nucleoside transport in primary cultured rabbit tracheal epithelial cells (RTEC) grown on a permeable filter support. Uptake of super(3)H-uridine, the model nucleoside substrate, from the apical fluid of primary cultured RTEC was examined with respect to its dependence on Na super(+), substrate concentration, temperature and its sensitivity to inhibitors, other nucleosides and antiviral nucleoside analogs. Apical super(3)H-uridine uptake in primary cultured RTEC was strongly dependent on an inward Na super(+) gradient and temperature. Ten micromolar nitro-benzyl-mercapto-purine-ribose (NBMPR) (an inhibitor of es-type nucleoside transport in the nanomolar range) did not further inhibit this process. super(3)H-uridine uptake from apical fluid was inhibited by basolateral ouabain (10 mu M) and apical phloridzin (100 mu M), indicating that uptake may involve a secondary active transport process. Uridine uptake was saturable with a K sub(m) of 3.4 plus or minus 1.8 mu M and the V sub(max) of 24.3 plus or minus 5.2 pmoles/mg protein/30 s. Inhibition studies indicated that nucleoside analogs that have a substitution on the nucleobase competed with uridine uptake from apical fluid, but those with modifications on the ribose sugar including acyclic analogs were ineffective. The pattern of inhibition of apical super(3)H-uridine, super(3)H-inosine and super(3)H-thymidine uptake into RTEC cells by physiological nucleosides was consistent with multiple systems: A pyrimidine-selective transport system (CNT1); a broad nucleoside substrate transport system that excludes inosine (CNT4) and an equilibrative NBMPR-insensitive nucleoside transport system (ei type). These results indicate that the presence of apically located nucleoside transporters in the epithelial cells lining the upper respiratory tract can lead to a high accumulation of nucleosides in the trachea. At least one Na super(+)-dependent, secondary, active transport process may mediate the apical absorption of nucleosides or analogous molecules. JF - Journal of Drug Targeting AU - Mathias, N R AU - Wu, S K AU - Kim, K-J AU - Lee, VHL AD - Food and Drug Administration, 5515 Security Lane, Room 1023, Rockville, MD 20852, USA, leev@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 509 EP - 519 VL - 13 IS - 8-9 SN - 1061-186X, 1061-186X KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Epithelial cells KW - Sugar KW - Drug delivery KW - Ribose KW - Filters KW - nucleoside transporter KW - nucleoside analogs KW - Antiviral agents KW - nucleosides KW - Ouabain KW - Active transport KW - Uridine KW - Trachea KW - Respiratory tract KW - V 22340:Antiviral Agents KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20226736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Drug+Targeting&rft.atitle=Nucleoside+transport+in+primary+cultured+rabbit+tracheal+epithelial+cells&rft.au=Mathias%2C+N+R%3BWu%2C+S+K%3BKim%2C+K-J%3BLee%2C+VHL&rft.aulast=Mathias&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Drug+Targeting&rft.issn=1061186X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10611860500383937 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Drug delivery; Sugar; Epithelial cells; Ribose; nucleoside analogs; nucleoside transporter; Filters; Antiviral agents; nucleosides; Active transport; Ouabain; Uridine; Trachea; Respiratory tract DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10611860500383937 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors Affecting Nitroreductase Activity in the Biological Reduction of Nitro Compounds AN - 20162640; 7724330 AB - Nitro compounds are used in various industries, including the pharmaceutical industry. These compounds have considerable importance for human health for two distinctly different reasons. Some nitro compounds are toxic environmental contaminants and pose a serious threat to human health; others are used as therapeutic agents. Nitro compounds are used as agents for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria, as antifungal and antiparasitic drugs, and as chemotherapeutic agents. To exert either beneficial or adverse biological effects, nitro compounds require enzymatic activation, either by nitroreduction alone or by ring oxidation followed by nitroreduction. The mechanism of drug action relies on the toxicity of the products generated by nitroreductases. Nitroreductases differ in the range of specificity and levels of activity with various nitro prodrugs. In this review, factors affecting nitroreductase activity, especially compounds that inhibit reduction, will be discussed. JF - Current Enzyme Inhibition AU - Rafii, F AU - Hehman, G L AU - Shahverdi, A R AD - Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 223 EP - 230 PB - Bentham Science Publishers B.V., P.O. Box 1673 Hilversum 1200 BR The Netherlands, [mailto:shidding@worldonline.nl], [URL:http://www.bentham.org] VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1573-4080, 1573-4080 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - nitro compounds KW - nitroreductases KW - prodrugs KW - mutagen KW - therapeutics KW - antimicrobial KW - environment KW - pharmaceutical KW - Chemotherapy KW - Enzymes KW - Toxicity KW - Nitroreductase KW - Infectious diseases KW - Reviews KW - Gram-negative bacteria KW - Oxidation KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Contaminants KW - Drugs KW - J 02490:Miscellaneous KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20162640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Enzyme+Inhibition&rft.atitle=Factors+Affecting+Nitroreductase+Activity+in+the+Biological+Reduction+of+Nitro+Compounds&rft.au=Rafii%2C+F%3BHehman%2C+G+L%3BShahverdi%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Rafii&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Enzyme+Inhibition&rft.issn=15734080&rft_id=info:doi/10.2174%2F157340805774580420 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitroreductase; prodrugs; Infectious diseases; Chemotherapy; Gram-negative bacteria; Reviews; Oxidation; Pharmaceuticals; Enzymes; Toxicity; Contaminants; Drugs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340805774580420 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary Determinants of One-Carbon Metabolism and the Risk of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: NCI-SEER Case-Control Study, 1998-2000 AN - 19998216; 7140970 AB - The role of dietary one-carbon determinants remains largely unexplored for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). In a population-based case-control study of non-African-American adult (aged 20-74 years) women and men from four US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results study centers (Detroit, Michigan; Iowa; Los Angeles, California; and Seattle, Washington; 1998-2000), the authors examined folate; vitamins B sub(2), B sub(6), and B sub(12); methionine; and a one-carbon antagonist, alcohol, in 425 incident NHL cases and 359 controls who completed a detailed food frequency questionnaire. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by using unconditional logistic regression. Higher intake of one-carbon determinants from food was associated with a lower risk of NHL, but that for only vitamin B sub(6) (highest vs. lowest quartile: odds ratio = 0.57, 95% confidence interval: 0.34, 0.95; p trend = 0.01) and methionine (odds ratio = 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.31, 0.76; p trend = 0.002) reached statistical significance. Folate from food was inversely associated with diffuse subtype (odds ratio = 0.47, 95% confidence interval: 0.23, 0.94; p trend = 0.03). The authors found no association between total (food plus supplement) vitamins and NHL. Nonusers of alcohol had an elevated NHL risk compared with users, and alcohol did not modify other nutrient-NHL associations. Findings suggest that one-carbon nutrients, particularly vitamin B sub(6) and methionine, may be protective against NHL. JF - American Journal of Epidemiology AU - Lim, U AU - Schenk, M AU - Kelemen, LE AU - Davis, S AU - Cozen, W AU - Hartge, P AU - Ward, M H AU - Stolzenberg-Solomon, R AD - Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 953 EP - 964 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals Health, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 162 IS - 10 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Statistics KW - Food KW - Vitamin B6 KW - Nutrients KW - Methionine KW - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma KW - Risk factors KW - alcohols KW - Folic acid KW - Lymphoma KW - Ethanol KW - Diets KW - USA, California, Los Angeles KW - Alcohol KW - Inventories KW - USA, Michigan, Detroit KW - Vitamin B12 KW - Epidemiology KW - USA, Iowa KW - Dietary supplements KW - INE, USA, Washington, Seattle KW - Metabolism KW - F 06915:Cancer Immunology KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19998216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Dietary+Determinants+of+One-Carbon+Metabolism+and+the+Risk+of+Non-Hodgkin%27s+Lymphoma%3A+NCI-SEER+Case-Control+Study%2C+1998-2000&rft.au=Lim%2C+U%3BSchenk%2C+M%3BKelemen%2C+LE%3BDavis%2C+S%3BCozen%2C+W%3BHartge%2C+P%3BWard%2C+M+H%3BStolzenberg-Solomon%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lim&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=953&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inventories; Statistics; Food; Vitamin B6; Nutrients; Methionine; Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; Epidemiology; Vitamin B12; Dietary supplements; Risk factors; alcohols; Folic acid; Metabolism; Ethanol; Diets; Alcohol; Lymphoma; USA, California, Los Angeles; USA, Michigan, Detroit; USA, Iowa; INE, USA, Washington, Seattle ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Head-and-Face Anthropometric Survey of U.S. Respirator Users AN - 19448554; 6652479 AB - Sizing data generated by the military for use in fitting respirators have been the normative basis for commercial respirator sizing. Anthropometric data developed for males and females of military age in the 1950s and 1960s are still in use today and form the only comprehensive body of information available on this subject. The twofold objective of this study was to: (1) develop an anthropometric database detailing the face size distributions of respirator users using both traditional measurement methods and three-dimensional scanning systems; and (2) use the database to establish fit test panels to be incorporated into the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's respirator certification and international standards. A stratified sampling plan was used with three age strata, two gender strata, and four race/ethnic group strata. The plan called for an equal sample size of 166 in each cell. Subjects were obtained at 41 sites from 8 states. In addition to height and weight, 18 facial dimensions and neck circumferences were measured using traditional methods. A total of 3997 subjects were measured using traditional methods, and 1013 of them were also scanned using a 3-D head scanner. As this was a volunteer sample, subjects did not appear in the specific proportions needed for the sampling plan. The resulting data were weighted to correspond to the U.S. population. This article presents the summary statistics for the traditional measurement data only. Multivariate analyses of the data from this study and military data revealed that using historical military data would be inadequate for describing the anthropometric variability of the current U.S. workforce. JF - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene AU - Zhuang, Ziqing AU - Bradtmiller, B AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA, zaz3@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 567 EP - 576 VL - 2 IS - 11 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - face size KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Gender KW - Respirators KW - Protective equipment KW - Occupational exposure KW - Ergonomics KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19448554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Head-and-Face+Anthropometric+Survey+of+U.S.+Respirator+Users&rft.au=Zhuang%2C+Ziqing%3BBradtmiller%2C+B&rft.aulast=Zhuang&rft.aufirst=Ziqing&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15459620500324727 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gender; Respirators; Protective equipment; Ergonomics; Occupational exposure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620500324727 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fine tuning of rabbit equilibrative nucleoside transporter activity by an alternatively spliced variant AN - 19436305; 6655389 AB - The full-length cDNA encoding an equilibrative nucleoside transporter (rbENT2) and its novel C-terminal variant, rbENT2A, were isolated from rabbit trachea. Rabbit ENT2 protein consists of 456 amino acid residues; rbENT2A is shorter by 41 residues. Both rbENT2 and rbENT2A transcripts are found in rabbit tissues including intestine, kidney cortex, kidney, and trachea, at varying levels of expression. When transfected in a heterologous expression system--Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cell line--both rbENT2 and rbENT2A were expressed. rbENT2 had a molecular mass of 49 kDa; rbENT2A had a molecular mass of 44 kDa. Clones of both transporters yielded functional proteins that were capable of mediating uridine uptake and efflux without the needing to be coupled to a secondary ion (e.g. Na super(+)). Remarkably, rbENT2A displayed a higher affinity (K sub(m) = 41 mu M) and a lower capacity (V sub(max) = 0.6 nmol/mg protein/5 min) towards substrates than rbENT2 (K sub(m) = 272.8 mu M, V sub(max) = 1.26 nmol/mg protein/5 min). Pharmacological profiles showed that nitro-benzyl-mercapto-purine-ribose (NBMPR) potently inhibited super(3)H-uridine uptake mediated by rbENT2A, but not uptake mediated by rbENT2. The constitutive splicing, broad expression, markedly different kinetics, and distinct pharmacological characteristics of rbENT2A appear to act in conjunction with the wild type, rbENT2, to fine-tune basolateral nucleoside transport function in rabbit trachea. JF - Journal of Drug Targeting AU - Wu, S K AU - Ann, D K AU - Kim, K-J AU - Lee, VHL AD - Food and Drug Administration, 5515 Security Lane, Room 1023, Rockville, MD 20852, USA, leev@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 521 EP - 533 VL - 13 IS - 8-9 SN - 1061-186X, 1061-186X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Epithelial cells KW - Amino acids KW - renal cortex KW - Ent2 protein KW - Alternative splicing KW - nucleoside transporter KW - Cortex KW - Kinetics KW - nucleosides KW - Intestine KW - Uridine KW - Drugs KW - Trachea KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19436305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Drug+Targeting&rft.atitle=Fine+tuning+of+rabbit+equilibrative+nucleoside+transporter+activity+by+an+alternatively+spliced+variant&rft.au=Wu%2C+S+K%3BAnn%2C+D+K%3BKim%2C+K-J%3BLee%2C+VHL&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Drug+Targeting&rft.issn=1061186X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10611860500403099 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trachea; renal cortex; nucleoside transporter; Amino acids; Ent2 protein; Alternative splicing; Kinetics; nucleosides; Intestine; Cortex; Epithelial cells; Drugs; Uridine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10611860500403099 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of mass spectral serum profiles for biomarker selection AN - 19419657; 6509140 AB - MOTIVATION: Mass spectrometric profiles of peptides and proteins obtained by current technologies are characterized by complex spectra, high dimensionality and substantial noise. These characteristics generate challenges in the discovery of proteins and protein-profiles that distinguish disease states, e.g. cancer patients from healthy individuals. We present low-level methods for the processing of mass spectral data and a machine learning method that combines support vector machines, with particle swarm optimization for biomarker selection. RESULTS: The proposed method identified mass points that achieved high prediction accuracy in distinguishing liver cancer patients from healthy individuals in SELDI-QqTOF profiles of serum. AVAILABILITY: MATLAB scripts to implement the methods described in this paper are available from the HWR's lab website http://lombardi.georgetown.edu/labpage CONTACT: hwreorgetown.edu JF - Bioinformatics AU - Ressom, Habtom W AU - Varghese, Rency S AU - Abdel-Hamid, Mohamed AU - Eissa, Sohair Abdel-Latif AU - Saha, Daniel AU - Goldman, Lenka AU - Petricoin, Emanuel F AU - Conrads, Thomas P AU - Veenstra, Timothy D AU - Loffredo, Christopher A AU - Goldman, Radoslav AD - Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Washington, DC, USA. Viral Hepatitis Research Laboratory, NHTMRI Cairo, Egypt. Natinal Cancer Institute Cairo, Egypt. Clinical Proteomics Program, NCI/FDA, Center for Biologics Evaluation, FDA USA. SAIC-Frederick and Biomedical Proteomics Program, NCI Frederick, MD, USA Y1 - 2005/11/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 01 SP - 4039 EP - 4045 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 21 IS - 21 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Swarms KW - Bioinformatics KW - Learning algorithms KW - biomarkers KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19419657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+mass+spectral+serum+profiles+for+biomarker+selection&rft.au=Ressom%2C+Habtom+W%3BVarghese%2C+Rency+S%3BAbdel-Hamid%2C+Mohamed%3BEissa%2C+Sohair+Abdel-Latif%3BSaha%2C+Daniel%3BGoldman%2C+Lenka%3BPetricoin%2C+Emanuel+F%3BConrads%2C+Thomas+P%3BVeenstra%2C+Timothy+D%3BLoffredo%2C+Christopher+A%3BGoldman%2C+Radoslav&rft.aulast=Ressom&rft.aufirst=Habtom&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=4039&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomarkers; Learning algorithms; Bioinformatics; Swarms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multigenerational exposure to genistein does not increase bone mineral density in rats AN - 17666385; 6524620 AB - Genistein has been shown to prevent bone loss in ovariectomized adult rats. However, the effects of genistein on bone in developing and reproductively-intact rats have not been examined. A large multigenerational experiment involved feeding 0, 5, 100, or 500 ppm genistein in the diet to intact male and female rats from conception until either weaning, postnatal day 140, or continuously for 2 years. Vertebrae (lumbar and caudal) were collected from these animals at necropsy at 2 years of age and subjected to dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning to measure bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone area. Femurs were collected, and length, cross-sectional area, and cortical bone area were measured directly. Serum was collected for measurement of pyridinoline (PYD) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). BMD was not affected by genistein in any phase of the experiment. In female rats treated continuously with genistein, BMC and bone area were reduced in the 500 ppm group compared to the 5 ppm group in the lumbar vertebrae, and in all treatment groups compared to control in the caudal vertebrae. In both males and females treated continuously, the cross-sectional area of the femur was reduced in rats treated with 500 ppm compared to those treated with 5 ppm. In female rats treated continuously, PYD was higher in the 100 and 500 ppm groups than in the 0 and 5 ppm groups. In conclusion, the effects of genistein on reproductively-intact rats were not dramatic. High dose of genistein throughout the lifespan resulted in decreased bone size, which may reduce the force required to break the bone. JF - Bone AU - Hotchkiss, CE AU - Weis, C AU - Blaydes, B AU - Newbold, R AU - Delclos, K B AD - BIO-915, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Rd., Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, chotchkiss@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 720 EP - 727 VL - 37 IS - 5 SN - 8756-3282, 8756-3282 KW - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24117:Biochemistry KW - T 200115:Bone pharmacology and toxicology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17666385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bone&rft.atitle=Multigenerational+exposure+to+genistein+does+not+increase+bone+mineral+density+in+rats&rft.au=Hotchkiss%2C+CE%3BWeis%2C+C%3BBlaydes%2C+B%3BNewbold%2C+R%3BDelclos%2C+K+B&rft.aulast=Hotchkiss&rft.aufirst=CE&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=720&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bone&rft.issn=87563282&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bone.2005.06.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2005.06.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A prospective cohort study among new Chinese coal miners: the early pattern of lung function change AN - 17665820; 6508848 AB - AIMS: To investigate the early pattern of longitudinal change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) among new Chinese coal miners, and the relation between coal mine dust exposure and the decline of lung function. METHODS: The early pattern of lung function changes in 317 newly hired Chinese underground coal miners was compared to 132 referents. This three year prospective cohort study involved a pre-employment and 15 follow up health surveys, including a questionnaire and spirometry tests. Twice a month, total and respirable dust area sampling was done. The authors used a two stage analysis and a linear mixed effects model approach to analyse the longitudinal spirometry data, and to investigate the changes in FEV1 over time, controlling for age, height, pack years of smoking, mean respirable dust concentration, the room temperature during testing, and the groupxtime interaction terms. RESULTS: FEV1 change over time in new miners is non-linear. New miners experience initial rapid FEV1 declines, primarily during the first year of mining, little change during the second year, and partial recovery during the third year. Both linear and quadratic time trends in FEV1 change are highly significant. Smoking miners lost more FEV1 than non-smokers. Referents, all age less than 20 years, showed continued lung growth, whereas the miners who were under age 20 exhibited a decline in FEV1. CONCLUSION: Dust and smoking affect lung function in young, newly hired Chinese coal miners. FEV1 change over the first three years of employment is non-linear. The findings have implications for both methods and interpretation of medical screening in coal mining and other dusty work: during the first several years of employment more frequent testing may be desirable, and caution is required in interpreting early FEV1 declines. JF - Occupational and Environmental Medicine AU - Wang, M-L AU - Wu, Z-E AU - Du, Q-G AU - Petsonk, E L AU - Peng, K-L AU - Li, Y-D AU - Li, S-K AU - Han, G-H AU - Atffield, M D AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, Morgantown, WV, USA. Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. Xuzhou Mining Group Company Ltd., Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 800 EP - 805 PB - B M J Publishing Group, B.M.A. House Tavistock Sq. London WC1H 9JR UK VL - 62 IS - 11 SN - 1351-0711, 1351-0711 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17665820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=A+prospective+cohort+study+among+new+Chinese+coal+miners%3A+the+early+pattern+of+lung+function+change&rft.au=Wang%2C+M-L%3BWu%2C+Z-E%3BDu%2C+Q-G%3BPetsonk%2C+E+L%3BPeng%2C+K-L%3BLi%2C+Y-D%3BLi%2C+S-K%3BHan%2C+G-H%3BAtffield%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=M-L&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=800&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.issn=13510711&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure of Brown Norway Rats to Diesel Exhaust Particles Prior to Ovalbumin (OVA) Sensitization Elicits IgE Adjuvant Activity but Attenuates OVA-Induced Airway Inflammation AN - 17662608; 6508814 AB - Exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) during the sensitization process has been shown to increase antigen-specific IgE production and aggravate allergic airway inflammation in human and animal models. In this study, we evaluated the effect of short-term DEP exposure on ovalbumin (OVA)-mediated responses using a post-sensitization model. Brown Norway rats were first exposed to filtered air or DEP (20.6 plus or minus 2.7 mg/m super(3)) for 4 h/day for five consecutive days. One day after the final air or DEP exposure (day 1), rats were sensitized with aerosolized OVA (40.5 plus or minus 6.3 mg/m super(3)), and then again on days 8 and 15, challenged with OVA on day 29, and sacrificed on days 9 or 30, 24 h after the second OVA exposure or the final OVA challenge, respectively. Control animals received aerosolized saline instead of OVA. DEP were shown to elicit an adjuvant effect on the production of antigen-specific IgE and IgG on day 30. At both time points, no significant airway inflammatory responses and lung injury were found for DEP exposure alone. However, the OVA-induced inflammatory cell infiltration, acellular lactate dehydrogenase activity and albumin content in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and numbers of T cells and their CD4 super(+) and CD8 super(+) subsets in lung-draining lymph nodes were markedly reduced by DEP on day 30 compared with the air-plus-OVA exposure group. The OVA-induced nitric oxide (NO) in the BAL fluid and production of NO, interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-12 by alveolar macrophages (AM) were also significantly lowered by DEP on day 30 as well as day 9. DEP or OVA alone decreased intracellular glutathione (GSH) in AM and lymphocytes on days 9 and 30. The combined DEP and OVA exposure resulted in further depletion of GSH in both cell types. These results show that short-term DEP exposure prior to sensitization had a delayed effect on enhancement of the sensitization in terms of allergen-specific IgE and IgG production, but caused an attenuation of the allergen-induced airway inflammatory responses. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Dong, Caroline C AU - Yin, Xuejun J AU - Ma, Jane YC AU - Millecchia, Lyndell AU - Barger, Mark W AU - Roberts, Jenny R AU - Zhang, Xing-Dong AU - Antonini, James M AU - Ma, Joseph KH AD - School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, and Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505 Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 150 EP - 160 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 88 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17662608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Exposure+of+Brown+Norway+Rats+to+Diesel+Exhaust+Particles+Prior+to+Ovalbumin+%28OVA%29+Sensitization+Elicits+IgE+Adjuvant+Activity+but+Attenuates+OVA-Induced+Airway+Inflammation&rft.au=Dong%2C+Caroline+C%3BYin%2C+Xuejun+J%3BMa%2C+Jane+YC%3BMillecchia%2C+Lyndell%3BBarger%2C+Mark+W%3BRoberts%2C+Jenny+R%3BZhang%2C+Xing-Dong%3BAntonini%2C+James+M%3BMa%2C+Joseph+KH&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photomutagenicity of Retinyl Palmitate by Ultraviolet A Irradiation in Mouse Lymphoma Cells AN - 17655745; 6508813 AB - Retinyl palmitate (RP), a storage form of vitamin A, is frequently used as a cosmetic ingredient, with more than 700 RP-containing cosmetic products on the U.S. market in 2004. There are concerns for the possible genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of RP when it is exposed to sunlight. To evaluate the photomutagenicity of RP in cells when exposed to ultraviolet A (UVA) light, L5178Y/Tk super(+/-) mouse lymphoma cells were treated with different doses of RP alone/or in the presence of UVA light. Treatment of the cells with RP alone at the dose range of 25-100 mu g/ml did not increase mutant frequencies (MFs) over the negative control, whereas treatment of cells with 1-25 mu g/ml RP under UVA light (82.8 mJ/cm super(2)/min for 30 min) produced a dose-dependent mutation induction. The mean induced MF (392 x 10 super(-6)) for treatment with 25 mu g/ml RP under UVA exposure was about threefold higher than that for UVA alone (122 x 10 super(-6)), a synergistic effect. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of action, we examined the mutants for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at four microsatellite loci spanning the entire chromosome 11, on which the Tk gene is located. The mutational spectrum for the RP + UVA treatment was significantly different from the negative control, but not significantly different from UVA exposure alone. Ninety four percent of the mutants from RP + UVA treatment lost the Tk super(+) allele, and 91% of the deleted sequences extended more than 6 cM in chromosome length, indicating clastogenic events affecting a large segment of the chromosome. These results suggest that RP is photomutagenic in combination with UVA exposure in mouse lymphoma cells, with a clastogenic mode-of-action. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Mei, Nan AU - Xia, Qingsu AU - Chen, Ling AU - Moore, Martha M AU - Fu, Peter P AU - Chen, Tao AD - Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, FDA, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079 Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 142 EP - 149 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 88 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17655745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Photomutagenicity+of+Retinyl+Palmitate+by+Ultraviolet+A+Irradiation+in+Mouse+Lymphoma+Cells&rft.au=Mei%2C+Nan%3BXia%2C+Qingsu%3BChen%2C+Ling%3BMoore%2C+Martha+M%3BFu%2C+Peter+P%3BChen%2C+Tao&rft.aulast=Mei&rft.aufirst=Nan&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Change in Tensile Properties of Neoprene and Nitrile Gloves After Repeated Exposures to Acetone and Thermal Decontamination AN - 17468447; 6652477 AB - This study investigated the change in tensile properties of neoprene and nitrile gloves after repeated cycles of exposure to acetone, followed by thermal decontamination. The glove was exposed to acetone (outer surface in contact with chemical), subjected to thermal decontamination, and tested for the tensile strength and the ultimate elongation. Thermal decontamination was carried out inside an oven for 16 hours at 100 degree C. The exposure/decontamination procedure was repeated for a maximum of 10 cycles. For neoprene versus acetone, the mean tensile strength consistently decreased after each exposure/decontamination cycle. Multiple comparisons indicated that the mean tensile strengths between the new swatches and each exposure/decontamination group were significantly different (p 0.05). The mean tensile strength for the new swatches was 37.1 MPa and the mean tensile strength after nine exposure/decontamination cycles was 36.0 MPa, with a loss less than 3%. The largest single cycle loss for ultimate elongation occurred during the first exposure/decontamination cycle for both glove materials. In our previous study, decisions regarding the effectiveness of the decontamination process were based on having no discernible change in the breakthrough time and steady-state permeation rate. The results of this study indicate that the effectiveness of the decontamination process cannot be based on permeation parameters alone but must also take into account the change in physical properties. JF - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene AU - Gao, Pengfei AU - Tomasovic, B AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Building 29, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA, pcg9@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 543 EP - 552 VL - 2 IS - 11 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - acetone KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Protective clothing KW - Cyanide KW - Materials testing KW - Decontamination KW - gloves KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17468447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Change+in+Tensile+Properties+of+Neoprene+and+Nitrile+Gloves+After+Repeated+Exposures+to+Acetone+and+Thermal+Decontamination&rft.au=Gao%2C+Pengfei%3BTomasovic%2C+B&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Pengfei&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15459620500315964 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protective clothing; Materials testing; Cyanide; Decontamination; gloves; Occupational exposure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620500315964 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DDT serum concentration and menstruation among young Chinese women AN - 17464035; 6633889 AB - High DDE and DDT concentrations were found to be associated with shortened menstrual cycle length in Laotian immigrants to the United States. We examined this issue in a sample of young Chinese women. A total of 60 women aged 20-24 years were enrolled in three maternal and child health clinics (20 from urban, 20 from suburban, 20 from rural) in Shanghai, China, and vicinity, in 1998. Of these women, 47 who did not use hormonal contraceptives and had valid menstrual cycle characteristics were included in the analysis for associations among serum DDE and DDT concentration and menstrual cycle length, duration of menses, and heaviness of menstrual flow. In univariate analysis, higher p,p'-DDE concentration was associated with longer menstrual cycle length (0.66 day per 10 mu g /L, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21, 1.11 day). With adjustment for age, body mass index, education, occupation, and resident location, the estimate was 0.42 day (95% CI: -0.35, 1.19 day). p,p'-DDE was not associated with duration of menses or heaviness of menstrual flow. Neither p,p'-DDT nor o,p'-DDT were associated with menstrual cycle length, duration of menses or heaviness of menstrual flow. The study largely suggests no association between DDE and DDT concentrations and menstrual cycle characteristics in young Chinese women, though the weak-to-no correlation of DDE with menstrual cycle length merits further study. JF - Environmental Research AU - Chen, A AU - Zhang, J AU - Zhou, L AU - Gao, Es AU - Chen, L AU - Rogan, W J AU - Wolff AD - National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, zhangj@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 397 EP - 402 VL - 99 IS - 3 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Menstrual cycle KW - DDE KW - DDT KW - Immigrants KW - Menstruation KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Body mass index KW - Contraceptives KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17464035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=DDT+serum+concentration+and+menstruation+among+young+Chinese+women&rft.au=Chen%2C+A%3BZhang%2C+J%3BZhou%2C+L%3BGao%2C+Es%3BChen%2C+L%3BRogan%2C+W+J%3BWolff&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envres.2004.12.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Menstrual cycle; DDT; DDE; Immigrants; Menstruation; Body mass index; Contraceptives; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2004.12.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in baby food made from chicken produced before and after the termination of ball clay use in chicken feed in the United States AN - 17458753; 6633878 AB - Polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxin/furans were determined in chicken-containing baby foods collected from an annually conducted total diet survey by the US FDA during the last half of fiscal year (FY) 1997 through the first half of FY 1998. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) was found in 8 of 11 baby food samples. The levels were between 0.025 and 0.28ngkg super(-) super(1) wet wt (0.25-5ngkg super(-) super(1) lipid). The mean TCDD value for chicken-containing baby food with ''nondetects'' equal to 0 was 1.2ngkg super(-) super(1) lipid, eight times higher than the average level found during a previous survey of chicken lipid TCDD levels in 1996. All other 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted dibenzo-p-dioxin congeners were also found with a profile consistent with the use of ball clay in chicken feed. TCDD was not detected in any FY 2000 baby foods made with chicken, with an average limit of detection (LOD) of 0.025ngkg super(-) super(1) wet wt. Whole eggs collected in 1997 from producers that never used ball clay in feed revealed TCDD measurements that were nearly all nondetects and none above the median LOD of 0.015ngkg super(-) super(1) wet wt. The percentage of chickens fed ball clay in their feed was estimated to be between 2.6% and 3.5% of all chickens produced in the United States in 1997. JF - Environmental Research AU - Hayward, D G AU - Bolger, P M AD - 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD 20740, USA, dhayward@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 307 EP - 313 PB - Elsevier Inc. VL - 99 IS - 3 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Diets KW - USA KW - Poultry KW - Food KW - Lipids KW - Dibenzo-p-dioxin KW - TCDD KW - Congeners KW - Furans KW - Eggs KW - Clays KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - X 24156:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17458753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+in+baby+food+made+from+chicken+produced+before+and+after+the+termination+of+ball+clay+use+in+chicken+feed+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Hayward%2C+D+G%3BBolger%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Hayward&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envres.2004.11.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Poultry; Lipids; Food; Dibenzo-p-dioxin; Congeners; TCDD; Furans; Eggs; Clays; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2004.11.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Timely Meeting: Objective Measurement of Physical Activity AN - 17414468; 6537837 AB - Accurate and reliable assessment of physical activity remains an important challenge for epidemiologists, exercise scientists, clinicians, and behavioral researchers. The desire to explain and stem the dramatic increase in overweight and obesity prevalence observed among youths and adults has focused attention on the need for better measures of physical activity. These measures fall into three general categories: direct observation, subjective reports, and portable monitors, such as accelerometers. These monitors measure body movement in terms of acceleration, which can then be used to estimate physical activity intensity. As recently as 1999, accelerometry was still considered to be in the developmental stage. In October of that year, the Cooper Institute hosted a meeting titled "Measurement of Physical Activity." One of the conclusions from the meeting was that objective motion sensors were not practical for large-scale studies because of high cost, uncertain reliability, and difficulties in the interpretation of data. JF - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise AU - Troiano, R P AD - US Public Health Service, Risk Factor Monitoring and Methods Branch, Applied Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, EPN 4005, 6130 Executive Blvd., MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892-7344, USA, troianor@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - S487 EP - S489 VL - 37 IS - 11 SN - 0195-9131, 0195-9131 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Measurement KW - Obesity KW - Reliability KW - Sport science KW - Observation KW - Exercise KW - Adults KW - Movement KW - Acceleration KW - Evaluation KW - Objectives KW - Youth KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17414468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.atitle=A+Timely+Meeting%3A+Objective+Measurement+of+Physical+Activity&rft.au=Troiano%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Troiano&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=S487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.issn=01959131&rft_id=info:doi/10.1249%2F01.mss.0000185473.32846.c3 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Evaluation; Obesity; Measurement; Reliability; Objectives; Sport science; Observation; Adults; Exercise; Acceleration; Movement; Youth DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000185473.32846.c3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vaccination with a Sindbis Virus-Based DNA Vaccine Expressing Antigen 85B Induces Protective Immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis AN - 17394705; 6503165 AB - To improve DNA vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we evaluated the effectiveness of a Sindbis virus-based DNA construct expressing the tuberculosis antigen 85B (Sin85B). The protective efficacy of Sin85B was initially assessed by aerogenically challenging immunized C57BL/6 mice with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. At 1 and 7 months postinfection, the lung bacterial burdens were considerably reduced and the lung pathology was improved in vaccinated mice compared to naive controls. Furthermore, the mean survival period for Sin85B-immunized mice (305 plus or minus 9 days) after the tuberculous challenge was extended 102 days relative to the naive mice (203 plus or minus 13 days) and was essentially equivalent to the survival time of Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated mice (294 plus or minus 15 days). The essential role of gamma interferon (IFN- gamma ) in Sin85B-mediated protection was established by showing that significantly increased levels of IFN- gamma mRNA were present postinfection in lung cells from vaccinated mice relative to control mice and by demonstrating that IFN- gamma depletion prior to challenge abolished the vaccine-induced protection. The substantial antituberculosis protective responses induced by Sin85B immunization of CD4 super(-/-) mice strongly suggested that CD8 cells partially mediate Sin85B-induced protective immunity. Interestingly, Sin85B vaccination did not protect RNase L super(-/-) (a key enzyme in the innate antiviral response) mice while significant protection was detected in RNase L super(-/-) mice immunized with either BCG or a conventional DNA plasmid expressing antigen 85B. These data show that immunization with Sin85B offers protection similar to BCG in a murine model of pulmonary tuberculosis and suggest that Sin85B-induced protection is dependent upon both innate and acquired immune mechanisms. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Derrick, Steven C AU - Yang, Amy Li AU - Morris, Sheldon L AD - Laboratory of Mycobacterial Diseases and Cellular Immunology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 7727 EP - 7735 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 11 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - CD4 antigen KW - DNA vaccines KW - CD8 antigen KW - Immunity KW - Mycobacterium bovis KW - Plasmids KW - BCG KW - Ribonuclease KW - Vaccines KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis KW - Animal models KW - Survival KW - Sindbis virus KW - Tuberculosis KW - g-Interferon KW - Enzymes KW - Vaccination KW - mRNA KW - Antigen 85B KW - ^g-Interferon KW - Lung KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - N 14025:RNA/DNA role in infection & immune response KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - W3 33345:DNA vaccines KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17394705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Vaccination+with+a+Sindbis+Virus-Based+DNA+Vaccine+Expressing+Antigen+85B+Induces+Protective+Immunity+against+Mycobacterium+tuberculosis&rft.au=Derrick%2C+Steven+C%3BYang%2C+Amy+Li%3BMorris%2C+Sheldon+L&rft.aulast=Derrick&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=7727&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Mycobacterium bovis; Sindbis virus; g-Interferon; Lung; Antigen 85B; Vaccination; Ribonuclease; Immunity; BCG; DNA vaccines; Survival; CD8 antigen; Vaccines; Animal models; mRNA; Plasmids; CD4 antigen; Enzymes; ^g-Interferon; Tuberculosis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MyD88-Dependent Signaling Contributes to Protection following Bacillus anthracis Spore Challenge of Mice: Implications for Toll-Like Receptor Signaling AN - 17394671; 6503144 AB - Bacillus anthracis is a spore-forming, gram-positive organism that is the causative agent of the disease anthrax. Recognition of Bacillus anthracis by the host innate immune system likely plays a key protective role following infection. In the present study, we examined the role of TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 in the response to B. anthracis. Heat-killed Bacillus anthracis stimulated TLR2, but not TLR4, signaling in HEK293 cells and stimulated tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- alpha ) production in C3H/HeN, C3H/HeJ, and C57BL/6J bone marrow-derived macrophages. The ability of heat-killed B. anthracis to induce a TNF- alpha response was preserved in TLR2 super(-/-) but not in MyD88 super(-/-) macrophages. In vivo studies revealed that TLR2 super(-/-) mice and TLR4-deficient mice were resistant to challenge with aerosolized Sterne strain spores but MyD88 super(-/-) mice were as susceptible as A/J mice. We conclude that, although recognition of B. anthracis occurs via TLR2, additional MyD88-dependent pathways contribute to the host innate immune response to anthrax infection. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Hughes, Molly A AU - Green, Candace S AU - Lowchyj, Lisa AU - Lee, Gloria M AU - Grippe, Vanessa K AU - Smith, Michael FJr AU - Huang, Li-Yun AU - Harvill, Eric T AU - Merkel, Tod J AD - Division of Infectious Diseases. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences System, Charlottesville, Virginia. Laboratory of Respiratory and Special Pathogens, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products. Laboratory of Plasma Derivatives, Division of Hematology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland. Immunology Research Laboratories, Department of Veterinary Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 7535 EP - 7540 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 11 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - mice KW - Genetics Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Macrophages KW - MyD88 protein KW - Immune system KW - TLR2 protein KW - Bone marrow KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Infection KW - Anthrax KW - Immune response KW - Tumor necrosis factor- alpha KW - Spores KW - TLR4 protein KW - Toll-like receptors KW - Signal transduction KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - F 06106:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17394671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=MyD88-Dependent+Signaling+Contributes+to+Protection+following+Bacillus+anthracis+Spore+Challenge+of+Mice%3A+Implications+for+Toll-Like+Receptor+Signaling&rft.au=Hughes%2C+Molly+A%3BGreen%2C+Candace+S%3BLowchyj%2C+Lisa%3BLee%2C+Gloria+M%3BGrippe%2C+Vanessa+K%3BSmith%2C+Michael+FJr%3BHuang%2C+Li-Yun%3BHarvill%2C+Eric+T%3BMerkel%2C+Tod+J&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Molly&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=7535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macrophages; MyD88 protein; Immune system; TLR2 protein; Bone marrow; Infection; Anthrax; Tumor necrosis factor- alpha; Immune response; Spores; TLR4 protein; Toll-like receptors; Signal transduction; Bacillus anthracis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of 2-Year Carcinogenicity Study Results for Pharmaceutical Products: How Are We Doing? AN - 17393032; 6508817 AB - Some have proposed that 2-year carcinogenicity studies may not be necessary if the material is a direct-acting DNA mutagen, induces liver enzymes, causes hyperplasia or toxicity in particular organs, causes cell proliferation, is cytotoxic, causes hormonal perturbations, or if one has QSAR analyses or 'omics information. Safety pharmacology data, pharmacologic activity, metabolism data, and results of 13-week dose ranging studies (with organ weight data, clinical chemistry data, hematologic data, clinical signs and histopathologic findings) were compared with results of 2-year carcinogenicity studies reviewed by the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)/FDA. The experience with the ICH genetic toxicology battery and alternative carcinogenicity models was also reviewed. It appears that the information available from short-term studies is not currently sufficient to accurately and reliably predict the outcome of long-term carcinogenicity studies. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Jacobs, Abigail AD - Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, USFDA, 9201 Corporate Blvd, Rm N212, Rockville, Maryland 20850 Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 18 EP - 23 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 88 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Mutagens KW - Pharmacology KW - Batteries KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Drugs KW - Enzymes KW - Drug development KW - Toxicity KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Hyperplasia KW - Reviews KW - FDA KW - DNA KW - Liver KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Cell proliferation KW - Metabolism KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - H 14000:Toxicology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17393032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+2-Year+Carcinogenicity+Study+Results+for+Pharmaceutical+Products%3A+How+Are+We+Doing%3F&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Abigail&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Abigail&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mutagens; Pharmacology; Drug development; Toxicity; Hyperplasia; Cytotoxicity; Batteries; Carcinogenicity; Reviews; Liver; DNA; Pharmaceuticals; Cell proliferation; Metabolism; FDA; Enzymes; Drugs ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Visualization of Coronary Artery Disease in the Elderly by Multidetector-Row CT (MDCT) T2 - 6th International Congress on Coronary Artery Disease: from Prevention to Intervention AN - 39721546; 4019121 JF - 6th International Congress on Coronary Artery Disease: from Prevention to Intervention AU - Seo, K AU - Kawai, H AU - Nakamoto, T AU - Kaneko, N AU - Washiya, S Y1 - 2005/10/29/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 29 KW - Elderly KW - Heart diseases KW - Geriatrics KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39721546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=6th+International+Congress+on+Coronary+Artery+Disease%3A+from+Prevention+to+Intervention&rft.atitle=Visualization+of+Coronary+Artery+Disease+in+the+Elderly+by+Multidetector-Row+CT+%28MDCT%29&rft.au=Seo%2C+K%3BKawai%2C+H%3BNakamoto%2C+T%3BKaneko%2C+N%3BWashiya%2C+S&rft.aulast=Seo&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=6th+International+Congress+on+Coronary+Artery+Disease%3A+from+Prevention+to+Intervention&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.kenes.com/cad6/program/SessionIndex.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Molecular Characterization of the Canine Factor VIII Gene and Duplicated Sequences Related to a Common Gene Inversion Mutation. T2 - 55th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Human Genetics AN - 39740873; 4037397 JF - 55th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Human Genetics AU - Tayebi, N AU - Wood, L AU - Lozier, J N Y1 - 2005/10/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 25 KW - Coagulation factors KW - Inversion KW - Mutation KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Gene duplication KW - Phylogeny KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39740873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=55th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=Molecular+Characterization+of+the+Canine+Factor+VIII+Gene+and+Duplicated+Sequences+Related+to+a+Common+Gene+Inversion+Mutation.&rft.au=Tayebi%2C+N%3BWood%2C+L%3BLozier%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Tayebi&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2005-10-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=55th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+of+Human+Genetics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ashg.org/genetics/ashg/menu-annmeet.shtml LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF-1 alpha) and some of its Target Genes in Guinea Pig after Exchange Transfusion with a Hemoglobin-Based Blood Substitute A Preliminary Investigation T2 - 55th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Human Genetics AN - 39724916; 4038766 JF - 55th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Human Genetics AU - Yeh, L AU - Buehler, P AU - Tayebi, N AU - Alayash, A Y1 - 2005/10/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 25 KW - Hypoxia KW - Transfusion KW - Blood KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39724916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=55th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=Expression+of+Hypoxia+Inducible+Factor+%28HIF-1+alpha%29+and+some+of+its+Target+Genes+in+Guinea+Pig+after+Exchange+Transfusion+with+a+Hemoglobin-Based+Blood+Substitute+A+Preliminary+Investigation&rft.au=Yeh%2C+L%3BBuehler%2C+P%3BTayebi%2C+N%3BAlayash%2C+A&rft.aulast=Yeh&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-10-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=55th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+of+Human+Genetics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ashg.org/genetics/ashg/menu-annmeet.shtml LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of efficacy of heartworm preventive products at the FDA. AN - 68648976; 16099105 AB - The Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA/CVM) has authority under the United States Code 21 under Section 514.80 to monitor for adverse experiences of approved animal products. Although veterinarians voluntarily report suspect drug-related events to manufacturers, firms that market FDA-approved animal products must report serious events to the FDA within 15 working days of the veterinarian or pet-owner's call to them. Under the present regulations, canine heartworm preventatives are approved for 100% efficacy after testing in laboratory and field conditions. The report of lack of efficacy against heartworm larvae is a serious adverse drug event because the resulting condition or the treatment of the condition is life threatening. Information on lack of effect that are deemed possibly, probably, or definitely drug-related available for review under generic product on the FDA/CVM website Surveillance of these reports indicates there are some failures for virtually all heartworm prevention product categories. Most failures have been reported in heartworm-endemic states. At this time, it is unclear whether these are representative of the rare occurrences of failure that have been in existence for a long time, but not reported regularly or promptly, or whether there is a true increase in complaints of ineffectiveness and real variability between products. This paper discusses methods, personnel, and procedures in place in the Division of Surveillance that will aid the FDA to better assess heartworm preventive treatment failures. It discusses scoring paradigms presently utilized by FDA/CVM to assess severity of complaints of lack of efficacy against heartworms, and welcomes audience input as to how to improve existing processes. Results suggest that more comprehensive reporting will provide FDA/CVM more accurate surveillance information regarding efficacy problems. Such practices will permit FDA/CVM to better interpret both incidence and severity of in-effect and possible patterns of emerging resistance and to convey this in any necessary updated labeling. It also indicates that as part of that process, practitioners should return to a more conservative testing schedule. JF - Veterinary parasitology AU - Hampshire, Victoria A AD - Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 7519 Standish Place, Rockville, MD 20855-0001, USA. Y1 - 2005/10/24/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 24 SP - 191 EP - 195 VL - 133 IS - 2-3 SN - 0304-4017, 0304-4017 KW - Filaricides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems KW - Humans KW - Parasitic Sensitivity Tests KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Drug Resistance KW - Treatment Failure KW - Filaricides -- adverse effects KW - Dirofilariasis -- prevention & control KW - Product Surveillance, Postmarketing KW - Dirofilariasis -- drug therapy KW - Dirofilaria immitis -- drug effects KW - Filaricides -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68648976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+parasitology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+efficacy+of+heartworm+preventive+products+at+the+FDA.&rft.au=Hampshire%2C+Victoria+A&rft.aulast=Hampshire&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft.date=2005-10-24&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+parasitology&rft.issn=03044017&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International Conference on Harmonisation; guidance on S7B Nonclinical Evaluation of the Potential for Delayed Ventricular Repolarization (QT Interval Prolongation) by Human Pharmaceuticals; availability. Notice. AN - 68706903; 16237859 AB - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing the availability of a guidance entitled "S7B Nonclinical Evaluation of the Potential for Delayed Ventricular Repolarization (QT Interval Prolongation) by Human Pharmaceuticals." The guidance was prepared under the auspices of the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH). The guidance describes a nonclinical testing strategy for assessing the potential of a test substance to delay ventricular repolarization and includes information concerning nonclinical assays and an integrated risk assessment. The guidance is intended to facilitate the nonclinical assessment of the effects of pharmaceuticals on ventricular repolarization and proarrhythmic risk. JF - Federal register AU - Food and Drug Administration, HHS AD - Food and Drug Administration, HHS Y1 - 2005/10/20/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 20 SP - 61133 EP - 61134 VL - 70 IS - 202 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - International Cooperation KW - Humans KW - Europe KW - Legislation, Drug KW - Congresses as Topic KW - Japan KW - Risk Assessment KW - Long QT Syndrome -- chemically induced KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Drug Evaluation -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Guidelines as Topic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68706903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=International+Conference+on+Harmonisation%3B+guidance+on+S7B+Nonclinical+Evaluation+of+the+Potential+for+Delayed+Ventricular+Repolarization+%28QT+Interval+Prolongation%29+by+Human+Pharmaceuticals%3B+availability.+Notice.&rft.au=Food+and+Drug+Administration%2C+HHS&rft.aulast=Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aufirst=HHS&rft.date=2005-10-20&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=202&rft.spage=61133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International Conference on Harmonisation; guidance on E14 Clinical Evaluation of QT/QTc Interval Prolongation and Proarrhythmic Potential for Non-Antiarrhythmic Drugs; availability. Notice. AN - 68705556; 16237860 AB - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing the availability of a guidance entitled "E14 Clinical Evaluation of QT/QTc Interval Prolongation and Proarrhythmic Potential for Non-Antiarrhythmic Drugs." The guidance was prepared under the auspices of the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH). The guidance provides recommendations to sponsors concerning clinical studies to assess the potential of a new drug to cause cardiac arrhythmias, focusing on the assessment of changes in the QT/QTc interval on the electrocardiogram as a predictor of risk. The guidance is intended to encourage the assessment of drug effects on the QT/QTc interval as a standard part of drug development and to encourage the early discussion of this assessment with FDA. JF - Federal register AU - Food and Drug Administration, HHS AD - Food and Drug Administration, HHS Y1 - 2005/10/20/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 20 SP - 61134 EP - 61135 VL - 70 IS - 202 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - International Cooperation KW - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical KW - Humans KW - Europe KW - Congresses as Topic KW - Japan KW - Risk Assessment KW - Long QT Syndrome -- chemically induced KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Drug Evaluation -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Clinical Trials as Topic -- standards KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Clinical Trials as Topic -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68705556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=International+Conference+on+Harmonisation%3B+guidance+on+E14+Clinical+Evaluation+of+QT%2FQTc+Interval+Prolongation+and+Proarrhythmic+Potential+for+Non-Antiarrhythmic+Drugs%3B+availability.+Notice.&rft.au=Food+and+Drug+Administration%2C+HHS&rft.aulast=Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aufirst=HHS&rft.date=2005-10-20&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=202&rft.spage=61134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Real Time Monitoring of Plankton by Networks of Volunteers Using Field Microscopes T2 - 2005 Conference of the Estuarine Research Federation (ERF 2005) AN - 39818812; 4070734 JF - 2005 Conference of the Estuarine Research Federation (ERF 2005) AU - Hall, S Y1 - 2005/10/16/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 16 KW - Plankton KW - Microscopes KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39818812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Conference+of+the+Estuarine+Research+Federation+%28ERF+2005%29&rft.atitle=Real+Time+Monitoring+of+Plankton+by+Networks+of+Volunteers+Using+Field+Microscopes&rft.au=Hall%2C+S&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-10-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Conference+of+the+Estuarine+Research+Federation+%28ERF+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://erf.org/erf2005/abstracts/sessions00.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Real Time Risk Assessment for Vibrios T2 - 2005 Conference of the Estuarine Research Federation (ERF 2005) AN - 39777569; 4070851 JF - 2005 Conference of the Estuarine Research Federation (ERF 2005) AU - Depaola, A AU - Phillips, A AU - Grimes, J AU - Bowers, J Y1 - 2005/10/16/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 16 KW - Risk assessment KW - Vibrio KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39777569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Conference+of+the+Estuarine+Research+Federation+%28ERF+2005%29&rft.atitle=Real+Time+Risk+Assessment+for+Vibrios&rft.au=Depaola%2C+A%3BPhillips%2C+A%3BGrimes%2C+J%3BBowers%2C+J&rft.aulast=Depaola&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-10-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Conference+of+the+Estuarine+Research+Federation+%28ERF+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://erf.org/erf2005/abstracts/sessions00.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Invited Commentary: Why DDT matters now. AN - 68639666; 16120697 JF - American journal of epidemiology AU - Longnecker, Matthew P AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. longnec1@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/10/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 15 SP - 726 EP - 728 VL - 162 IS - 8 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - DDT KW - CIW5S16655 KW - Index Medicus KW - Maternal Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Global Health KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Incidence KW - Biomarkers -- blood KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - DDT -- blood KW - Pregnancy Complications -- chemically induced KW - DDT -- adverse effects KW - Birth Weight -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy Complications -- blood KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Pregnancy Complications -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68639666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Invited+Commentary%3A+Why+DDT+matters+now.&rft.au=Longnecker%2C+Matthew+P&rft.aulast=Longnecker&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2005-10-15&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=726&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment On: Am J Epidemiol. 2005 Oct 15;162(8):709-16 [16120699] Am J Epidemiol. 2005 Oct 15;162(8):717-25 [16120698] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National survey to measure rates of liver injury, hospitalization, and death associated with rifampin and pyrazinamide for latent tuberculosis infection. AN - 68580980; 16163632 AB - Cases of severe and fatal liver injury were reported after a 2-month course of rifampin-pyrazinamide therapy was recommended in 2000 as an alternative to isoniazid for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. We estimated rates of rifampin-pyrazinamide-associated liver injury and compared these with historical rates for isoniazid. We conducted a survey of state and city tuberculosis programs and other health care settings in the United States where rifampin-pyrazinamide was prescribed. The number of rifampin-pyrazinamide therapy initiations was collected, as well as the number of occurrences of (1) asymptomatic aspartate aminotransferase serum concentration >5 times the upper limit of normal, (2) symptomatic hepatitis (in which the patient was not hospitalized), (3) hospitalization for liver injury, (4) death with liver injury, and (5) treatment completion. We also searched a national pharmacy claims database (Verispan). Rates of these events were calculated. Among 139 programs, 110 (79%) responded; 87 (79%) had initiated rifampin-pyrazinamide therapy for a total of 8087 patients between January 2000 and June 2002. Rates per 1000 rifampin-pyrazinamide therapy initiations during this period were 25.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.3-29.3) for asymptomatic aspartate aminotransferase level >5 times the upper limit of normal and 18.7 (95% CI, 15.9-21.9) for hepatitis. Seven fatalities and 23 hospitalizations occurred, with rates of 0.9 (95% CI, 0.4-1.9) and 2.8 (95% CI, 1.8-4.3) per 1000 rifampin-pyrazinamide therapy initiations, respectively. Of 8087 patients, 64% completed rifampin-pyrazinamide therapy. The Verispan search revealed 1 rifampin-pyrazinamide-associated hospitalization (2.9 hospitalizations per 1000 rifampin-pyrazinamide therapy initiations; 95% CI, 0.1-18.4) and no deaths. Articles on the use of isoniazid therapy for latent tuberculosis infection that were published after 1990 reported fatality rates of 0.0-0.3 deaths per 1000 persons. Rates of liver injury, hospitalization, and death associated with rifampin-pyrazinamide therapy exceed rates reported for isoniazid therapy. Because earlier randomized trials of rifampin-pyrazinamide lacked adequate statistical power to detect fatal events, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that rifampin-pyrazinamide generally should not be used for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. JF - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America AU - McElroy, Peter D AU - Ijaz, Kashef AU - Lambert, Lauren A AU - Jereb, John A AU - Iademarco, Michael F AU - Castro, Kenneth G AU - Navin, Thomas R AD - Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. tnavin@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/10/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 15 SP - 1125 EP - 1133 VL - 41 IS - 8 KW - Antitubercular Agents KW - 0 KW - Pyrazinamide KW - 2KNI5N06TI KW - Rifampin KW - VJT6J7R4TR KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Health Surveys KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Pyrazinamide -- adverse effects KW - Pyrazinamide -- therapeutic use KW - Liver Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Tuberculosis -- drug therapy KW - Rifampin -- adverse effects KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury KW - Rifampin -- therapeutic use KW - Hospitalization -- statistics & numerical data KW - Antitubercular Agents -- adverse effects KW - Antitubercular Agents -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68580980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+infectious+diseases+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Infectious+Diseases+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=National+survey+to+measure+rates+of+liver+injury%2C+hospitalization%2C+and+death+associated+with+rifampin+and+pyrazinamide+for+latent+tuberculosis+infection.&rft.au=McElroy%2C+Peter+D%3BIjaz%2C+Kashef%3BLambert%2C+Lauren+A%3BJereb%2C+John+A%3BIademarco%2C+Michael+F%3BCastro%2C+Kenneth+G%3BNavin%2C+Thomas+R&rft.aulast=McElroy&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2005-10-15&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+infectious+diseases+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Infectious+Diseases+Society+of+America&rft.issn=1537-6591&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-09-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Mar 15;42(6):892; author reply 892-3 [16477576] Erratum In: Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Jan 15;42(2):313 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lymphocyte Hprt mutant frequency and sperm toxicity in C57BL/6 mice treated chronically with Azathioprine AN - 19937983; 6523767 AB - Many patients undergoing chronic therapy with the purine analogue Azathioprine (Aza) have highly elevated HPRT lymphocyte mutant frequencies (MFs), and it is likely that these increases are due to selection of pre-existing HPRT mutant lymphocytes. A similar selection in germ cells might result in an increased frequency of the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. In this study, a mouse model for Aza mutant selection was developed and Aza toxicity was evaluated in the germ cells of treated mice. Groups of 20 male C57BL/6 mice were treated by gavage three times/week with 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, or 100mg /kg Aza, and three to eight mice from each group were sacrificed at various times for up to 23 weeks. Mice treated with 25-100mg/kg Aza were all dead by 14 weeks of treatment. Hprt lymphocyte MF assays indicated that the treated mice had reduced numbers of spleen lymphocytes. Most treated mice had Hprt MFs similar to those of control mice (2.1+/-1.6x10 super(-) super(6)), however, highly elevated MFs were detected in one out of three mice given 5mg/kg for 10 weeks, one out of three mice given 10mg/kg for 10 weeks, and one out of eight mice given 10mg/kg for 23 weeks (e.g., 233x10 super(-) super(6) after 10 weeks of 5mg/kg). Sequence analysis of Hprt cDNA indicated that all mutant clones from one of these mice had a T->A transversion in the initiation codon. Multiplex-PCR on mutant clones from the other two mice indicated that all the clones from one had a deletion of Hprt exons 2 and 3, while most of the mutants from the other had lost all of the Hprt exons. Measurements of testicular weight, and of sperm count, viability, morphology, and motility found that Aza produced low levels of toxicity in sperm, with the most consistent effect being a reduction in the testicular weight. The data suggest that mice chronically treated with 5 and 10mg/kg Aza (doses similar to those used in humans) have elevated Hprt MFs due to clonal amplification of selected Hprt mutants. The results also suggest that mice treated with these doses of Aza retain reasonable fertility, and will be useful for breeding experiments to examine the possibility of increasing the germ-line transmission of Hprt mutations. JF - Mutation Research-Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis AU - Bendre, S V AU - Shaddock, J G AU - Patton, R E AU - Dobrovolsky, V N AU - Albertini, R J AU - Heflich, R H AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Little Rock, AR, USA, rheflich@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/10/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 15 SP - 1 EP - 14 VL - 578 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Testes KW - Molecular modelling KW - Fertility KW - Data processing KW - Exons KW - Germ cells KW - Animal models KW - Lesch-Nyhan syndrome KW - Spleen KW - Mutant frequency KW - Toxicity KW - Sperm KW - Lymphocytes KW - purines KW - Transversion KW - Mutagenesis KW - Motility KW - Breeding KW - Codons KW - Mutation KW - azathioprine KW - X 24112:Chronic exposure KW - F 06950:Immunogenetics, MHC, HLA UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19937983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research-Fundamental+and+Molecular+Mechanisms+of+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Lymphocyte+Hprt+mutant+frequency+and+sperm+toxicity+in+C57BL%2F6+mice+treated+chronically+with+Azathioprine&rft.au=Bendre%2C+S+V%3BShaddock%2C+J+G%3BPatton%2C+R+E%3BDobrovolsky%2C+V+N%3BAlbertini%2C+R+J%3BHeflich%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Bendre&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-10-15&rft.volume=578&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research-Fundamental+and+Molecular+Mechanisms+of+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mrfmmm.2004.09.018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Testes; Molecular modelling; Fertility; Data processing; Exons; Animal models; Germ cells; Spleen; Lesch-Nyhan syndrome; Mutant frequency; Lymphocytes; Sperm; Toxicity; Transversion; purines; Mutagenesis; Motility; Breeding; Codons; Mutation; azathioprine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.09.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cumulative Absolute Breast Cancer Risk for Young Women Treated for Hodgkin Lymphoma AN - 20716196; 6505273 AB - BACKGROUND: Many women develop breast cancer after treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) at a young age. We estimated this future risk, taking into account age and calendar year of HL diagnosis, HL treatment information, population breast cancer incidence rates, and competing causes of death. METHODS: Relative risks of breast cancer for categories defined by radiation dose to the chest (0, 20-<40 Gy, or greater than or equal to 40 Gy) and use of alkylating agents (yes or no) were estimated from a case-control study conducted within an international population-based cohort of 3817 female 1-year survivors of HL diagnosed at age 30 years or younger from January 1, 1965, through December 31, 1994. To compute cumulative absolute risks of breast cancer, we used modified standardized incidence ratios to relate cohort breast cancer risks to those in the general population, enabling application of population-based breast cancer rates, and we allowed for competing risks by using population-based mortality rates in female HL survivors. RESULTS: Cumulative absolute risks of breast cancer increased with age at end of follow-up, time since HL diagnosis, and radiation dose. For an HL survivor who was treated at age 25 years with a chest radiation dose of at least 40 Gy without alkylating agents, estimated cumulative absolute risks of breast cancer by age 35, 45, and 55 years were 1.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.9% to 2.1%), 11.1% (95% CI = 7.4% to 16.3%), and 29.0% (95% CI = 20.2% to 40.1%), respectively. Cumulative absolute risks were lower in women treated with alkylating agents. CONCLUSIONS: Breast cancer projections varied considerably by type of HL therapy, time since HL diagnosis, and age at end of follow-up. These estimates are applicable to HL survivors treated with regimens of the past and can be used to counsel such patients and plan management and preventive strategies. Projections should be used with caution, however, in patients treated with more recent approaches, including limited-field radiotherapy and/or ovary-sparing chemotherapy. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Travis, Lois B AU - Hill, Deirdre AU - Dores, Graca M AU - Gospodarowicz, Mary AU - van Leeuwen, Flora E AU - Holowaty, Eric AU - Glimelius, Bengt AU - Andersson, Michael AU - Pukkala, Eero AU - Lynch, Charles F AU - Pee, David AU - Smith, Susan A AU - Van't Veer, Mars B AU - Joensuu, Timo AU - Storm, Hans AU - Stovall, Marilyn AU - Boice, John DJr AU - Gilbert, Ethel AU - Gail, Mitchell H AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (LBT, DH, EG, MHG) and Division of Cancer Prevention (GMD), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD Y1 - 2005/10/05/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 05 SP - 1428 EP - 1437 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 97 IS - 19 SN - 0027-8874, 0027-8874 KW - Risk Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Alkylating agents KW - Risk assessment KW - Mortality KW - Age KW - Hodgkin's disease KW - Chemotherapy KW - Radiotherapy KW - Chest KW - radiotherapy KW - Cancer KW - chemotherapy KW - Radiation KW - Risk factors KW - risk taking KW - Breast cancer KW - Standards KW - Females KW - lymphoma KW - F 06915:Cancer Immunology KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20716196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Cumulative+Absolute+Breast+Cancer+Risk+for+Young+Women+Treated+for+Hodgkin+Lymphoma&rft.au=Travis%2C+Lois+B%3BHill%2C+Deirdre%3BDores%2C+Graca+M%3BGospodarowicz%2C+Mary%3Bvan+Leeuwen%2C+Flora+E%3BHolowaty%2C+Eric%3BGlimelius%2C+Bengt%3BAndersson%2C+Michael%3BPukkala%2C+Eero%3BLynch%2C+Charles+F%3BPee%2C+David%3BSmith%2C+Susan+A%3BVan%27t+Veer%2C+Mars+B%3BJoensuu%2C+Timo%3BStorm%2C+Hans%3BStovall%2C+Marilyn%3BBoice%2C+John+DJr%3BGilbert%2C+Ethel%3BGail%2C+Mitchell+H&rft.aulast=Travis&rft.aufirst=Lois&rft.date=2005-10-05&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=1428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=00278874&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Alkylating agents; Mortality; Age; Hodgkin's disease; Radiation; Chemotherapy; Risk factors; Radiotherapy; Breast cancer; Chest; risk taking; Standards; Females; radiotherapy; lymphoma; chemotherapy; Cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prospects for developmental immunotoxicity guidance and an update on ICH S8. AN - 733749060; 18958677 AB - Potential adverse effects of drug exposure on the developing immune system had been a relatively neglected area of toxicology until fairly recently. However, with the recent regulatory emphasis on evaluation of drugs for use in pediatric patients, juvenile animal studies have been considered in much more detail than in the past in order to enable clinical trials. Assessment of immunotoxicity potential in these juvenile animal studies has been a natural consequence of drug development for pediatric patients. Unfortunately, the efforts to evaluate developmental immunotoxicity studies have not kept pace with the writing of an immunotoxicology guidance for the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Human Pharmaceuticals (ICH). This document has recently reached Step 4 in the approval process: it is thus likely that juvenile animal studies for immunotoxicity would be recommended based on considerations enumerated in the ICH Safety Number 8 (S8) guidance. Sufficient flexibility exists in this document to cover the issue of developmental immunotoxicity. ICH S8 advocates a weight-of-evidence approach, which should be interpreted to indicate that immunotoxicity testing would be conducted based on identified cause(s) for concern rather than as a routine screening method. The presentation reflecting these issues, as presented to attendees of the Pharmaceutical Education Associates workshop on Innovative Methods and Applications for Risk Assessment in Pharmaceutical Development is summarized herein. JF - Journal of immunotoxicology AU - Hastings, Kenneth L AD - Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research USFDA, Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA. hastingsk@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/10/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 01 SP - 217 EP - 220 VL - 2 IS - 4 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733749060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunotoxicology&rft.atitle=Prospects+for+developmental+immunotoxicity+guidance+and+an+update+on+ICH+S8.&rft.au=Hastings%2C+Kenneth+L&rft.aulast=Hastings&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunotoxicology&rft.issn=1547-6901&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15476910500387173 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-12-16 N1 - Date created - 2008-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15476910500387173 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mode of action: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition--developmental effects associated with exposure to ACE inhibitors. AN - 69071160; 16417042 AB - Relative to species tested in laboratory studies, the human fetus displays higher vulnerability to enalapril and other angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) exhibiting a malformative syndrome that does not appear to have a similar counterpart in experimental animals. An important reason for this higher vulnerability is the earlier intrauterine development of the kidney and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAS) system in humans, organ systems that are specific targets of ACEI's pharmacological effect. In humans, these systems begin developing prior to the onset of skeletal ossification at the end of the first trimester, with continuing vulnerability throughout the pregnancy. In most animal species tested, these target systems develop close to term, when the fetus is relatively more mature and less vulnerable to the effects of developmental toxicants. For this reason, animal studies that follow standard protocols and evaluate developmental toxicity only for exposures during embryogenesis will miss developmental effects arising secondary to disruption of target systems that develop after the period of major organogenesis. Thus, although the animal mode of action (MOA) for enalapril and other ACEI is plausible in humans, differences in the timing of development of critical target organ systems, particularly the renal system and RAS, explain the absence of definitive structural abnormalities in test animals. JF - Critical reviews in toxicology AU - Tabacova, Sonia AD - US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. tabacovas@cder.fda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 747 EP - 755 VL - 35 IS - 8-9 SN - 1040-8444, 1040-8444 KW - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- pathology KW - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69071160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Mode+of+action%3A+angiotensin-converting+enzyme+inhibition--developmental+effects+associated+with+exposure+to+ACE+inhibitors.&rft.au=Tabacova%2C+Sonia&rft.aulast=Tabacova&rft.aufirst=Sonia&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=747&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+toxicology&rft.issn=10408444&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-08 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence, correlates, and comorbidity of bipolar I disorder and axis I and II disorders: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. AN - 68746613; 16259532 AB - To present nationally representative data on 12-month and lifetime prevalence, correlates, and comorbidity of bipolar I disorder. The data were derived from the 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (N = 43,093). Prevalences and associations of bipolar I disorder with sociodemographic correlates and Axis I and II disorders were determined. Prevalences of 12-month and lifetime DSM-IV bipolar I disorder were 2.0% (95% CI = 1.82 to 2.18) and 3.3% (95% CI = 2.76 to 3.84), respectively, and no sex differences were observed. The odds of bipolar I disorder were significantly greater among Native Americans, younger adults, and respondents who were widowed/separated/divorced and of lower socioeconomic status and significantly lower among Asians and Hispanics (p < .05). Men were significantly (p < .05) more likely to have unipolar mania and earlier onset and longer duration of manic episodes, while women were more likely to have mixed and major depressive episodes and to be treated for manic, mixed, and major depressive episodes. Bipolar I disorder was found to be highly and significantly related (p < .05) to substance use, anxiety, and personality disorders, but not to alcohol abuse. Bipolar I disorder is more prevalent in the U.S. population than previously estimated, highlighting the underestimation of the economic costs associated with this illness. Associations between bipolar I disorder and Axis I and II disorders were all significant, underscoring the need for systematic assessment of comorbidity among bipolar I patients. JF - The Journal of clinical psychiatry AU - Grant, Bridget F AU - Stinson, Frederick S AU - Hasin, Deborah S AU - Dawson, Deborah A AU - Chou, S Patricia AU - Ruan, W June AU - Huang, Boji AD - Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892-9304, USA. bgrant@willco.niaaa.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 1205 EP - 1215 VL - 66 IS - 10 SN - 0160-6689, 0160-6689 KW - Index Medicus KW - Age of Onset KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Child KW - Comorbidity KW - Age Distribution KW - Health Care Costs KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales -- statistics & numerical data KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Sex Distribution KW - Male KW - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders KW - Female KW - Prevalence KW - Alcohol-Related Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Mental Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Bipolar Disorder -- epidemiology KW - Mental Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Health Surveys KW - Bipolar Disorder -- classification KW - Mental Disorders -- economics KW - Bipolar Disorder -- economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68746613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+clinical+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Prevalence%2C+correlates%2C+and+comorbidity+of+bipolar+I+disorder+and+axis+I+and+II+disorders%3A+results+from+the+National+Epidemiologic+Survey+on+Alcohol+and+Related+Conditions.&rft.au=Grant%2C+Bridget+F%3BStinson%2C+Frederick+S%3BHasin%2C+Deborah+S%3BDawson%2C+Deborah+A%3BChou%2C+S+Patricia%3BRuan%2C+W+June%3BHuang%2C+Boji&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Bridget&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+clinical+psychiatry&rft.issn=01606689&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alkaloids from amphibian skin: a tabulation of over eight-hundred compounds. AN - 68740940; 16252926 AB - A diverse array of biologically active, lipid-soluble alkaloids have been discovered in amphibian skin. Such alkaloids include the following: the steroidal samandarines from salamanders, the batrachotoxins, histrionicotoxins, gephyrotoxins, and epibatidine from neotropical poison frogs (Dendrobatidae), the pumiliotoxins, allopumiliotoxins, homopumiliotoxins, and decahydroquinolines from certain genera of anurans from four families (Dendrobatidae, Mantellidae, Bufonidae, and Myobatrachidae), a variety of izidines (pyrrolizidines, indolizidines, quinolizidines, lehmizidines), pyrrolidines, piperidines, various tricyclics (related in structures to the coccinellines), and spiropyrrolizidines from the first three of these four families, the pseudophrynamines from one genus of Australian frogs, and a variety of unclassified alkaloids as yet of undetermined structure. With the exception of the samandarines and the pseudophrynamines, all alkaloids appear to be derived from dietary sources. Although only a few of the over 800 amphibian skin alkaloids have been detected in arthropods, putative arthropod sources for the batrachotoxins and coccinelline-like tricyclics (beetles), the pumiliotoxins (ants, mites), the decahydroquinolines, izidines, pyrrolidines, and piperidines (ants), and the spiropyrrolizidines (millipedes) have been discovered. Ants are likely sources for histrionicotoxins, lehmizidines, and tricyclic gephyrotoxins. Epibatidines represent an important alkaloid class without a putative dietary source. The structures for many of these alkaloids have been rigorously established, while the structures of others represent tentative proposals, based only on mass spectral and FTIR spectral data, along with analogies to structures of well-defined alkaloids. JF - Journal of natural products AU - Daly, John W AU - Spande, Thomas F AU - Garraffo, H Martin AD - Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0820, USA. jdaly@nih.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 1556 EP - 1575 VL - 68 IS - 10 SN - 0163-3864, 0163-3864 KW - Alkaloids KW - 0 KW - Amphibian Venoms KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Animals KW - Amphibians -- physiology KW - Skin -- chemistry KW - Amphibian Venoms -- isolation & purification KW - Amphibian Venoms -- chemistry KW - Alkaloids -- chemistry KW - Alkaloids -- pharmacology KW - Alkaloids -- isolation & purification KW - Amphibian Venoms -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68740940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+natural+products&rft.atitle=Alkaloids+from+amphibian+skin%3A+a+tabulation+of+over+eight-hundred+compounds.&rft.au=Daly%2C+John+W%3BSpande%2C+Thomas+F%3BGarraffo%2C+H+Martin&rft.aulast=Daly&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+natural+products&rft.issn=01633864&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-30 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fractionated low-dose radiation exposure leads to accumulation of DNA damage and profound alterations in DNA and histone methylation in the murine thymus. AN - 68735501; 16254189 AB - Thymus, an important component of hematopoietic tissue, is a well-documented "target" of radiation carcinogenesis. Both acute and fractionated irradiation result in a high risk of leukemia and thymic lymphoma. However, the exact mechanisms underlying radiation-induced predisposition to leukemia and lymphoma are still unknown, and the contributions of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in particular have yet to be defined. Global DNA hypomethylation is a well-known characteristic of cancer cells. Recent studies have also shown that tumor cells undergo prominent changes in histone methylation, particularly a substantial loss of trimethylation of histone H4-Lys20 and demethylation of genomic DNA. These losses are considered a universal marker of malignant transformation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of low-dose radiation exposure on the accumulation of DNA lesions and alterations of DNA methylation and histone H4-Lys20 trimethylation in the thymus tissue using an in vivo murine model. For the first time, we show that fractionated whole-body application of 0.5 Gy X-ray leads to decrease in histone H4-Lys20 trimethylation in the thymus. The loss of histone H4-Lys20 trimethylation was accompanied by a significant decrease in global DNA methylation as well as the accumulation of DNA damage as monitored by persistence of histone gammaH2AX foci in the thymus tissue of mice exposed to fractionated irradiation. Altered DNA methylation was associated with reduced expression of maintenance (DNMT1) and, to a lesser extent, de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3a in exposed animals. Expression of another de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3b was decreased only in males. Irradiation also resulted in approximately 20% reduction in the levels of methyl-binding proteins MeCP2 and MBD2. Our results show the involvement of epigenetic alterations in radiation-induced responses in vivo. These changes may play a role in genome destabilization that ultimately leads to cancer. JF - Molecular cancer research : MCR AU - Pogribny, Igor AU - Koturbash, Igor AU - Tryndyak, Volodymyr AU - Hudson, Darryl AU - Stevenson, Sandie M L AU - Sedelnikova, Olga AU - Bonner, William AU - Kovalchuk, Olga AD - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA. Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 553 EP - 561 VL - 3 IS - 10 SN - 1541-7786, 1541-7786 KW - Histones KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase KW - EC 2.1.1.37 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Whole-Body Irradiation KW - Dose Fractionation KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Gene Expression KW - Methylation -- radiation effects KW - Mice KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - DNA Damage KW - Histones -- metabolism KW - Thymus Gland -- radiation effects KW - Histones -- radiation effects KW - Thymus Gland -- enzymology KW - DNA Methylation -- radiation effects KW - DNA -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68735501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+cancer+research+%3A+MCR&rft.atitle=Fractionated+low-dose+radiation+exposure+leads+to+accumulation+of+DNA+damage+and+profound+alterations+in+DNA+and+histone+methylation+in+the+murine+thymus.&rft.au=Pogribny%2C+Igor%3BKoturbash%2C+Igor%3BTryndyak%2C+Volodymyr%3BHudson%2C+Darryl%3BStevenson%2C+Sandie+M+L%3BSedelnikova%2C+Olga%3BBonner%2C+William%3BKovalchuk%2C+Olga&rft.aulast=Pogribny&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+cancer+research+%3A+MCR&rft.issn=15417786&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Framework for environmental exposure research: the disease-first approach. AN - 68729464; 16249520 JF - Molecular interventions AU - Wilson, Samuel H AU - Suk, William A AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. wilson5@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 262 EP - 267 VL - 5 IS - 5 SN - 1534-0384, 1534-0384 KW - Index Medicus KW - Information Systems KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - Research Design KW - Risk Assessment KW - Population Surveillance KW - Health Status KW - Disease Susceptibility -- etiology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68729464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+interventions&rft.atitle=Framework+for+environmental+exposure+research%3A+the+disease-first+approach.&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Samuel+H%3BSuk%2C+William+A&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+interventions&rft.issn=15340384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The incidence of respiratory symptoms and diseases among pulp mill workers with peak exposures to ozone and other irritant gases. AN - 68700919; 16236983 AB - Pulp mills in Sweden started to use ozone as a bleaching agent in the early 1990s. The goal of this study was to investigate whether the incidence of selected respiratory outcomes was associated with peak exposures to ozone or other irritant gases (ie, chlorine dioxide [ClO2] or sulfur dioxide [SO2]) used in these mills. Bleachery workers (n = 245) from three pulp mills where ozone was used participated in surveys in the mid- to late-1990s. Comparison workers (n = 80) were from two adjacent paper mills. The person-time at risk was calculated for each participant, covering the period of employment when ozone was used. Data were collected by questionnaire, and a peak exposure was defined as a self-reported exposure to an irritant gas resulting in acute respiratory symptoms. The outcomes analyzed were self-reports of physician-diagnosed asthma, attacks of wheeze, and chronic bronchitis (ie, chronic cough with phlegm). Participants also reported when the peak exposures and outcomes occurred. Based on proportional hazards regression (controlling for gender, age, cigarette smoking, atopy, and peak irritant exposures that occurred before follow-up), workers who reported both ozone and ClO2/SO2 peak exposures had elevated hazard ratios (HRs) for all three outcomes. Those who reported only ozone peak exposures had elevated HRs of 6.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 36.3) for asthma and 3.3 (95% CI, 1.1 to 10.2) for attacks of wheeze but no increase in risk for chronic bronchitis. Workers with only ClO2/SO2 peak exposures had elevated HRs for attacks of wheeze (HR, 7.5; 95% CI, 1.9 to 29.3) and chronic bronchitis (HR, 22.9; 95% CI, 4.5 to 118.2) but not for asthma. These findings suggest the need for additional efforts to prevent peak exposures in pulp-bleaching operations. JF - Chest AU - Henneberger, Paul K AU - Olin, Anna-Carin AU - Andersson, Eva AU - Hagberg, Stig AU - Torén, Kjell AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS-H2800, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. pkh0@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 3028 EP - 3037 VL - 128 IS - 4 SN - 0012-3692, 0012-3692 KW - Chlorine Compounds KW - 0 KW - Gases KW - Irritants KW - Oxides KW - Sulfur Dioxide KW - 0UZA3422Q4 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - chlorine dioxide KW - 8061YMS4RM KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Chlorine Compounds -- toxicity KW - Asthma -- epidemiology KW - Bronchitis -- prevention & control KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- toxicity KW - Respiratory Sounds -- etiology KW - Bronchitis -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Health Surveys KW - Asthma -- prevention & control KW - Sweden -- epidemiology KW - Oxides -- toxicity KW - Asthma -- chemically induced KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Irritants -- toxicity KW - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68700919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chest&rft.atitle=The+incidence+of+respiratory+symptoms+and+diseases+among+pulp+mill+workers+with+peak+exposures+to+ozone+and+other+irritant+gases.&rft.au=Henneberger%2C+Paul+K%3BOlin%2C+Anna-Carin%3BAndersson%2C+Eva%3BHagberg%2C+Stig%3BTor%C3%A9n%2C+Kjell&rft.aulast=Henneberger&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=3028&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chest&rft.issn=00123692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perfluorochemicals: potential sources of and migration from food packaging. AN - 68697444; 16227186 AB - Perfluorochemicals are widely used in the manufacturing and processing of a vast array of consumer goods, including electrical wiring, clothing, household and automotive products. Furthermore, relatively small quantities of perfluorochemicals are also used in the manufacturing of food-contact substances that represent potential sources of oral exposure to these chemicals. The most recognizable products to consumers are the uses of perfluorochemicals in non-stick coatings (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) for cookware and also their use in paper coatings for oil and moisture resistance. Recent epidemiology studies have demonstrated the presence of two particular perfluorochemicals, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in human serum at very low part per billion levels. These perfluorochemicals are biopersistent and are the subject of numerous studies investigating the many possible sources of human exposure. Among the various uses of these two chemicals, PFOS is a residual impurity in some paper coatings used for food contact and PFOA is a processing aid in the manufacture of PTFE used for many purposes including non-stick cookware. Little information is available on the types of perfluorochemicals that have the potential to migrate from perfluoro coatings into food. One obstacle to studying migration is the difficulty in measuring perfluorochemicals by routine conventional analytical techniques such as GC/MS or LC-UV. Many perfluorochemicals used in food-contact substances are not detectable by these conventional methods. As liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) develops into a routine analytical technique, potential migrants from perfluoro coatings can be more easily characterized. In this paper, data will be presented on the types of perfluoro chemicals that are used in food packaging and cookware. Additionally, research will be presented on the migration or potential for migration of these chemicals into foods or food simulating liquids. Results from migration tests show mg kg(-1) amounts of perfluoro paper additives/coatings transfer to food oil. Analysis of PTFE cookware shows residual amounts of PFOA in the low microg kg(-1) range. PFOA is present in microwave popcorn bag paper at amounts as high as 300 microg kg(-1). JF - Food additives and contaminants AU - Begley, T H AU - White, K AU - Honigfort, P AU - Twaroski, M L AU - Neches, R AU - Walker, R A AD - US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD 20740, USA. tbegley@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 1023 EP - 1031 VL - 22 IS - 10 SN - 0265-203X, 0265-203X KW - Caprylates KW - 0 KW - Fluorocarbon Polymers KW - Fluorocarbons KW - Polytetrafluoroethylene KW - 9002-84-0 KW - perfluorooctanoic acid KW - 947VD76D3L KW - Index Medicus KW - Paper KW - Equipment Design KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Microwaves KW - Humans KW - Fluorocarbons -- analysis KW - Cooking and Eating Utensils KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Caprylates -- analysis KW - Polytetrafluoroethylene -- analysis KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization -- methods KW - Household Articles KW - Fluorocarbon Polymers -- chemistry KW - Food Contamination KW - Food Packaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68697444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+additives+and+contaminants&rft.atitle=Perfluorochemicals%3A+potential+sources+of+and+migration+from+food+packaging.&rft.au=Begley%2C+T+H%3BWhite%2C+K%3BHonigfort%2C+P%3BTwaroski%2C+M+L%3BNeches%2C+R%3BWalker%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Begley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+additives+and+contaminants&rft.issn=0265203X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thresholds as a unifying theme in regulatory toxicology. AN - 68695399; 16227175 AB - The scientific basis for the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) threshold of regulation is discussed in relation to its toxicological testing recommendations for food contact substances and the existing methods it employs for exposure estimation. A case is made that the FDA's threshold of regulation is a natural extension of its toxicity testing regime. The genetic toxicity tests recommended in the exposure-based toxicological testing framework for food contact substances are examined regarding their ability to predict positively carcinogens of varying potency. In addition, the computational toxicology program MULTICASE v. 3.1 is also examined for its ability to predict positively carcinogens of varying potency. It is concluded that MULTICASE can provide equivalent results to genetic toxicity tests at the lowest dietary concentrations. JF - Food additives and contaminants AU - Cheeseman, M A AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, USA. Mitchell.Cheeseman@FDA.Gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 900 EP - 906 VL - 22 IS - 10 SN - 0265-203X, 0265-203X KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Software KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- toxicity KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Threshold Limit Values KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Diet KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Food Contamination KW - United States Food and Drug Administration -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68695399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+additives+and+contaminants&rft.atitle=Thresholds+as+a+unifying+theme+in+regulatory+toxicology.&rft.au=Cheeseman%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Cheeseman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=900&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+additives+and+contaminants&rft.issn=0265203X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevention of IL-1 signaling attenuates airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in a murine model of toluene diisocyanate-induced asthma. AN - 68665876; 16210060 AB - IL-1 is a pleotropic cytokine that has been shown to play a prominent role in asthma induced by large-molecular-weight proteins. Increased IL-1 immunostaining in the submucosa of patients with toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced asthma has also been observed, suggesting that this cytokine might also be important in asthma associated with low-molecular-weight chemicals. We sought to determine the role of IL-1 signaling in airway reactivity and inflammation by using a murine model of TDI-induced asthma. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to TDI by means of vapor inhalation (20 ppb; 4 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 6 weeks) and then challenged 2 weeks later by inhalation with 20 ppb TDI vapor for 1 hour. Sensitized-challenged mice showed increased airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), increased levels of TDI-specific IgG1 antibodies, airway epithelial thickening, inflammation consisting of infiltrating lymphocytes and eosinophils, and increased mRNA expression of IL-4, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 in the lung. Prevention of IL-1 signaling through deletion of the IL-1 receptor type I or administration of neutralizing antibodies to both IL-1beta and IL-1alpha abrogated the development of TDI-induced asthma. A partial reduction in AHR and TDI-specific IgG1 levels was observed in mice administered anti-IL-1beta, whereas anti-IL-1alpha had no effect on either parameter. Antibodies to IL-1beta or IL-1alpha alone blocked airway inflammation and the expression of IL-4 and adhesion molecules in the lung. These results suggest that IL-1 signaling is critical for AHR and airway inflammation, with IL-1beta and IL-1alpha having unique and overlapping roles in TDI-induced occupational asthma. JF - The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology AU - Johnson, Victor J AU - Yucesoy, Berran AU - Luster, Michael I AD - Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA. vjohnson3@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 851 EP - 858 VL - 116 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6749, 0091-6749 KW - Interleukin-1 KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Interleukin-1 KW - Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate KW - 17X7AFZ1GH KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Receptors, Interleukin-1 -- deficiency KW - Animals KW - Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate -- administration & dosage KW - Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Interleukin-1 -- genetics KW - Antibody Formation KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Respiratory Hypersensitivity -- prevention & control KW - Mice KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Antibody Specificity KW - Inflammation -- prevention & control KW - Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate -- immunology KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Up-Regulation KW - Signal Transduction KW - Female KW - Interleukin-1 -- immunology KW - Asthma -- prevention & control KW - Interleukin-1 -- genetics KW - Asthma -- chemically induced KW - Asthma -- pathology KW - Asthma -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68665876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+allergy+and+clinical+immunology&rft.atitle=Prevention+of+IL-1+signaling+attenuates+airway+hyperresponsiveness+and+inflammation+in+a+murine+model+of+toluene+diisocyanate-induced+asthma.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Victor+J%3BYucesoy%2C+Berran%3BLuster%2C+Michael+I&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=851&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+allergy+and+clinical+immunology&rft.issn=00916749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fundamental flaws of hormesis for public health decisions. AN - 68663711; 16203233 AB - Hormesis (defined operationally as low-dose stimulation, high-dose inhibition) is often used to promote the notion that while high-level exposures to toxic chemicals could be detrimental to human health, low-level exposures would be beneficial. Some proponents claim hormesis is an adaptive, generalizable phenomenon and argue that the default assumption for risk assessments should be that toxic chemicals induce stimulatory (i.e., "beneficial") effects at low exposures. In many cases, nonmonotonic dose-response curves are called hormetic responses even in the absence of any mechanistic characterization of that response. Use of the term "hormesis," with its associated descriptors, distracts from the broader and more important questions regarding the frequency and interpretation of nonmonotonic dose responses in biological systems. A better understanding of the biological basis and consequences of nonmonotonic dose-response curves is warranted for evaluating human health risks. The assumption that hormesis is generally adaptive is an oversimplification of complex biological processes. Even if certain low-dose effects were sometimes considered beneficial, this should not influence regulatory decisions to allow increased environmental exposures to toxic and carcinogenic agents, given factors such as interindividual differences in susceptibility and multiplicity in exposures. In this commentary we evaluate the hormesis hypothesis and potential adverse consequences of incorporating low-dose beneficial effects into public health decisions. Key words: biphasic dose response, hormesis, individual susceptibility, low-dose exposures, nonmonotonic dose response, nonlinear dose response, public health, regulation, risk assessment. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Thayer, Kristina A AU - Melnick, Ronald AU - Burns, Kathy AU - Davis, Devra AU - Huff, James AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. thayer@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 1271 EP - 1276 VL - 113 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Index Medicus KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Health Status KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Public Health KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Decision Making, Organizational UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68663711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Fundamental+flaws+of+hormesis+for+public+health+decisions.&rft.au=Thayer%2C+Kristina+A%3BMelnick%2C+Ronald%3BBurns%2C+Kathy%3BDavis%2C+Devra%3BHuff%2C+James&rft.aulast=Thayer&rft.aufirst=Kristina&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Fam Pract. 2004 Feb;53(2):146-50 [14764301] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1978 Nov;46(2):279-303 [734660] Acta Oncol. 2003;42(8):809-15 [14968941] BMJ. 2004 Feb 21;328(7437):434 [14976098] Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Mar 1;38(5):90A-95A [15046324] JAMA. 2004 Apr 28;291(16):1987-93 [15113817] Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Jul;112(10):1099-103 [15238284] Br J Pharmacol. 1980 May;69(1):151-7 [6247004] Obstet Gynecol. 1981 Nov;58(5 Suppl):35S-40S [7031540] Leuk Res. 1986;10(7):749-54 [3736109] Am J Clin Nutr. 1987 Jan;45(1 Suppl):252-60 [3799516] Radiat Res. 1988 Feb;113(2):300-17 [3340735] Cancer Res. 1988 Aug 15;48(16):4656-63 [3396014] JAMA. 1990 Aug 1;264(5):605-9 [2366301] Chem Res Toxicol. 1991 Mar-Apr;4(2):168-79 [1664256] Health Phys. 1995 Feb;68(2):157-74 [7814250] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Jan;142(1):40-6 [9007032] Int J Radiat Biol. 1998 Aug;74(2):159-71 [9712546] Toxicol Sci. 1999 Feb;47(2):135-43 [10220849] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1964 Nov;33:855-65 [14231158] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1963 Aug;31:425-55 [14046632] Hum Exp Toxicol. 1999 Nov;18(11):653-8 [10602389] Radiat Res. 2000 May;153(5 Pt 1):557-69 [10790277] Br J Cancer. 2001 Jan 5;84(1):126-33 [11139327] Toxicol Sci. 2001 Aug;62(2):330-8 [11452146] Pediatrics. 2001 Aug;108(2):E34 [11483844] Toxicol Sci. 2002 Apr;66(2):185-200 [11896285] Environ Res. 2002 Mar;88(3):156-63 [12051793] Hum Exp Toxicol. 2002 Feb;21(2):91-7 [12102503] Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2002 Jul;23(7):331-7 [12119154] Alcohol Alcohol. 2002 Sep-Oct;37(5):409-15 [12217928] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2002 Aug 15;183(1):10-22 [12217638] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2003;43:175-97 [12195028] Diabetes Care. 2003 Feb;26(2):468-70 [12547882] Nature. 2003 Feb 13;421(6924):691-2 [12610596] Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Apr;63(4):945-56 [12644596] Fed Regist. 2003 Apr 17;68(74):18861-9 [12701599] Health Phys. 2003 Apr;84(4):526-32 [12705451] Arch Biochem Biophys. 2003 May 15;413(2):213-20 [12729619] Crit Rev Toxicol. 2003;33(3-4):355-405 [12809429] Biol Trace Elem Res. 2003 Summer;93(1-3):189-200 [12835501] Hum Exp Toxicol. 2003 Jun;22(6):290-306; discussion 307, 315-7, 319-23 [12856953] Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Aug;111(11):1403-9 [12928148] Science. 2003 Oct 17;302(5644):376-9 [14563981] Science. 2003 Oct 17;302(5644):378 [14563982] Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Nov;111(14):1723-9 [14594622] JAMA. 2003 Dec 10;290(22):2996-9 [14665662] BMJ. 2004 Jan 3;328(7430):19 [14703539] Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Aug;112(11):1152-8 [15289159] Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1973 Jan-Feb;14(1):41-7 [4734200] Int J Mol Med. 2004 Mar;13(3):445-50 [14767577] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Roller coaster related fatalities, United States, 1994--2004. AN - 68658253; 16203841 AB - To determine the number of fatalities related to roller coasters and examine factors common to multiple incidents. A case was defined as the death of a person, which was associated with a roller coaster in the United States between 15 May 1994 and 14 May 2004. Cases were identified from four (1) Consumer Product Safety Commission, (2) Lexis-Nexis, (3) Medline, and (4) Safer parks. Forty people, ranging in age from 7 to 77 years, were killed in 39 separate incidents. Twenty nine (73%) deaths occurred among roller coaster patrons. Eleven fatalities resulted from external causes related to injuries from falls or collisions. Eighteen people died from medical conditions that might have been caused or exacerbated by riding a roller coaster; 15 were the result of intracranial hemorrhages or cardiac problems. Eleven (28%) deaths involved employees; all were caused by injuries. Approximately four deaths annually in the United States are associated with roller coasters. Prevention of roller coaster fatalities is dependent on establishing an effective surveillance system for amusement ride injuries, engineering rides to better protect both patrons and employees, improving training and supervision of employees regarding safety precautions, and posting cautionary notices near roller coasters for people with specified medical conditions. Further research is needed on roller coaster related deaths resulting from intracranial hemorrhages and cardiac problems. JF - Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention AU - Pelletier, A R AU - Gilchrist, J AD - Bureau of Health, Maine Department of Health and Human Services, Augusta, Maine, USA. arp1@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 309 EP - 312 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 1353-8047, 1353-8047 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cardiovascular Diseases -- mortality KW - Asthma -- mortality KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Child KW - Accidents, Occupational -- mortality KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Play and Playthings -- injuries KW - Cause of Death UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68658253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Injury+prevention+%3A+journal+of+the+International+Society+for+Child+and+Adolescent+Injury+Prevention&rft.atitle=Roller+coaster+related+fatalities%2C+United+States%2C+1994--2004.&rft.au=Pelletier%2C+A+R%3BGilchrist%2C+J&rft.aulast=Pelletier&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Injury+prevention+%3A+journal+of+the+International+Society+for+Child+and+Adolescent+Injury+Prevention&rft.issn=13538047&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-03-14 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Headache. 2000 Oct;40(9):745-7 [11091294] Am J Med. 1997 May;102(5):488-9 [9217648] Eye (Lond). 1994;8 ( Pt 3):358-60 [7958050] Neurology. 2003 Nov 11;61(9):1255 [14610130] Neurology. 2000 Sep 26;55(6):903 [10994032] Ann Vasc Surg. 2002 Jul;16(4):505-8 [12085127] Ann Emerg Med. 2002 Jan;39(1):65-72 [11782733] J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001 Nov;71(5):704-5 [11606690] Surg Neurol. 2003 Nov;60(5):398-401 [14572959] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Food and Drug Administration Drug approval summary: temozolomide plus radiation therapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. AN - 68654562; 16203762 AB - On March 15, 2005, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved temozolomide (Temodar capsules, Schering-Plough Research Institute) for the treatment of adult patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme concomitantly with radiotherapy and then as maintenance treatment. Five hundred seventy-three glioblastoma multiforme patients were randomized to receive either temozolomide + radiotherapy (n = 287) or radiotherapy alone (n = 286). Patients in the temozolomide + radiotherapy arm received concomitant temozolomide (75 mg/m2) once daily for the duration of radiation therapy (42-49 days). This was followed, 4 weeks later, by six cycles of temozolomide, 150 or 200 mg/m2 daily for 5 days, every 4 weeks. Patients in the control arm received radiotherapy only. In both arms, radiotherapy was delivered as 60 Gy/30 fractions to the tumor site with a 2 to 3 cm margin. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis was required during temozolomide + radiotherapy treatment and was continued until recovery of lymphocytopenia (Common Toxicity Criteria grade <1). At disease progression, temozolomide salvage treatment was given to 161 of 282 patients (57%) in the radiotherapy alone arm, and to 62 of 277 patients (22%) in the temozolomide + radiotherapy arm. Patients receiving concomitant and maintenance temozolomide + radiotherapy had significantly improved overall survival. The hazard ratio was 0.63 (95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.75; log-rank, P < 0.0001). Median survival was 14.6 months (temozolomide + radiotherapy) versus 12.1 months (radiotherapy alone). Adverse events during temozolomide treatment included thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation, alopecia, headache, fatigue, and convulsions. JF - Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Cohen, Martin H AU - Johnson, John R AU - Pazdur, Richard AD - Division of Oncology Drug Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA. cohenma@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/10/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 01 SP - 6767 EP - 6771 VL - 11 IS - 19 Pt 1 SN - 1078-0432, 1078-0432 KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating KW - 0 KW - Dacarbazine KW - 7GR28W0FJI KW - temozolomide KW - YF1K15M17Y KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Pneumocystis -- metabolism KW - Disease-Free Survival KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Humans KW - Salvage Therapy KW - Disease Progression KW - Quality of Life KW - Aged KW - Brain Neoplasms -- therapy KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Drug Approval KW - Adult KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Middle Aged KW - Pneumocystis Infections -- prevention & control KW - Time Factors KW - Chemotherapy, Adjuvant KW - Female KW - Male KW - Proportional Hazards Models KW - Dacarbazine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Radiotherapy -- methods KW - Dacarbazine -- administration & dosage KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating -- administration & dosage KW - Glioblastoma -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68654562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Food+and+Drug+Administration+Drug+approval+summary%3A+temozolomide+plus+radiation+therapy+for+the+treatment+of+newly+diagnosed+glioblastoma+multiforme.&rft.au=Cohen%2C+Martin+H%3BJohnson%2C+John+R%3BPazdur%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=19+Pt+1&rft.spage=6767&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10780432&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral health problems, ex-offender reentry policies, and the "Second Chance Act". AN - 68625591; 16131635 AB - The federal "Second Chance Act of 2005" calls for expanding reentry services for people leaving prison, yet existing policies restrict access to needed services for those with criminal records. We examined the interaction between individual-level characteristics and policy-level restrictions related to criminal conviction, and the likely effects on access to resources upon reentry, using a sample of prisoners with Axis I mental disorders (n=3073). We identified multiple challenges related to convictions, including restricted access to housing, public assistance, and other resources. Invisible punishments embedded within existing policies were inconsistent with the call for second chances. Without modification of federal and state policies, the ability of reentry services to foster behavioral health and community reintegration is limited. JF - American journal of public health AU - Pogorzelski, Wendy AU - Wolff, Nancy AU - Pan, Ko-Yu AU - Blitz, Cynthia L AD - Center for Mental Health Services & Criminal Justice Research, Rutgers University, 30 College Ave, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. wpogorzelski@ifh.rutgers.edu Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 1718 EP - 1724 VL - 95 IS - 10 SN - 0090-0036, 0090-0036 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Health Services Needs and Demand KW - Violence -- statistics & numerical data KW - Housing KW - Punishment KW - Humans KW - Health Services Research KW - Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry) KW - Employment KW - Comorbidity KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- prevention & control KW - Violence -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - New Jersey -- epidemiology KW - Violence -- prevention & control KW - Public Assistance KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Mental Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Mental Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Community Mental Health Services -- organization & administration KW - Mental Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Deinstitutionalization -- organization & administration KW - Health Policy -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Eligibility Determination -- organization & administration KW - Prisoners -- statistics & numerical data KW - Prisoners -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68625591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+public+health&rft.atitle=Behavioral+health+problems%2C+ex-offender+reentry+policies%2C+and+the+%22Second+Chance+Act%22.&rft.au=Pogorzelski%2C+Wendy%3BWolff%2C+Nancy%3BPan%2C+Ko-Yu%3BBlitz%2C+Cynthia+L&rft.aulast=Pogorzelski&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1718&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+public+health&rft.issn=00900036&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-14 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Psychiatr Serv. 2002 Oct;53(10):1290-6 [12364677] Psychiatr Serv. 1999 Jul;50(7):907-13 [10402610] Health Aff (Millwood). 2003 Sep-Oct;22(5):65-72 [14515882] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Test for the integrity of environmental tractor cab filtration systems. AN - 68623762; 16183625 AB - Cab filtration systems can be used to protect vehicle operators from hazardous air contaminants. In a cab filtration system, a fan draws air through filters and pressurizes the cab with this filtered air. This article describes the application of a low-cost, optical particle counter to evaluate the performance of tractor cab filtration systems. The tractors were equipped with environmental enclosures to protect the operators from pesticide exposures that occur during air blast spraying in orchards. Prior to testing, all environmental tractor cabs underwent a complete maintenance overhaul followed by a careful inspection by the manufacturer's field representative. As part of this maintenance effort, 13 tractors with cab filtration systems were tested in an enclosure. A Met One model 227B two-channel optical particle counter was used to measure the aerosol concentration outside and inside the cab. Ambient aerosol and/or aerosol generated by burning incense sticks were used to challenge the stationary cab filtration system in an enclosure. The ratio of the outside to inside concentration (Co/Ci) is the exposure reduction attained by the cab system. Alternatively, the inside concentration divided by the outside concentration times 100 (Ci/Co x 100) gives the percent penetration. All 13 tractors were tested for leak sites. Leak sites were identified and sealed. This process was repeated until each cab showed an exposure reduction ratio Co/Ci of at least 50 (aerosol penetration into the cab Ci/Co x 100 was less than 2%) at the 0.3-0.5 microm particle size interval. JF - Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene AU - Moyer, Ernest S AU - Heitbrink, William A AU - Jensen, Paul A AD - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, Laboratory Research Branch, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. esm2@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 516 EP - 523 VL - 2 IS - 10 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Index Medicus KW - Filtration KW - Equipment Design KW - Transportation KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Occupational Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68623762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.atitle=Test+for+the+integrity+of+environmental+tractor+cab+filtration+systems.&rft.au=Moyer%2C+Ernest+S%3BHeitbrink%2C+William+A%3BJensen%2C+Paul+A&rft.aulast=Moyer&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=516&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gender-specific behavioral health and community release patterns among New Jersey prison inmates: implications for treatment and community reentry. AN - 68622450; 16131640 AB - We describe behavioral health diagnoses and community release patterns among adult male and female inmates in New Jersey prisons and assess their implications for correctional health care and community reentry. We used clinical and classification data on a census of "special needs" inmates (those with behavioral health disorders) in New Jersey (n=3189) and a census of all special needs inmates released to New Jersey communities over a 12-month period (n=974). Virtually all adult inmates with special needs had at least 1 Axis I mental disorder, and 68% of these had at least 1 additional Axis I mental disorder, a personality disorder, or addiction problem (67% of all male and 75% of all female special needs inmates). Of those special needs inmates released, 25% returned to the most disadvantaged counties in New Jersey (27% of all male and 18% of all female special needs inmates). Two types of clustering were found: gender-specific clustering of disorders among inmates and spatial clustering of ex-offenders in impoverished communities. These findings suggest a need for gendered treatment strategies within correctional settings and need for successful reentry strategies. JF - American journal of public health AU - Blitz, Cynthia L AU - Wolff, Nancy AU - Pan, Ko-Yu AU - Pogorzelski, Wendy AD - Center for Mental Health Services & Criminal Justice Research, Rutgers University, 30 College Ave, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. cblitz@ifh.rutgers.edu Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 1741 EP - 1746 VL - 95 IS - 10 SN - 0090-0036, 0090-0036 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Violence -- statistics & numerical data KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry) KW - Counseling -- organization & administration KW - Population Surveillance KW - Community Mental Health Services -- organization & administration KW - New Jersey -- epidemiology KW - Self-Help Groups -- organization & administration KW - Adult KW - Residence Characteristics KW - Sex Distribution KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Female KW - Male KW - Poverty -- statistics & numerical data KW - Prevalence KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- therapy KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Mental Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Mental Disorders -- therapy KW - Needs Assessment -- organization & administration KW - Mental Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Deinstitutionalization -- organization & administration KW - Prisons -- organization & administration KW - Prisoners -- statistics & numerical data KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68622450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+public+health&rft.atitle=Gender-specific+behavioral+health+and+community+release+patterns+among+New+Jersey+prison+inmates%3A+implications+for+treatment+and+community+reentry.&rft.au=Blitz%2C+Cynthia+L%3BWolff%2C+Nancy%3BPan%2C+Ko-Yu%3BPogorzelski%2C+Wendy&rft.aulast=Blitz&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+public+health&rft.issn=00900036&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-14 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2002;30(1):19-29; discussion 30-2 [11931366] Int J Law Psychiatry. 1989;12(2-3):117-31 [2599746] Am J Public Health. 1990 Jun;80(6):663-9 [2343947] Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1998 Nov;24(4):573-87 [9849769] J Stud Alcohol Suppl. 1993 Sep;11:109-17 [8410952] NIDA Res Monogr. 1997;172:86-109 [9154267] Am Psychol. 1991 Nov;46(11):1129-38 [1772150] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure-related health effects of silver and silver compounds: a review. AN - 68609550; 15964881 AB - A critical review of studies examining exposures to the various forms of silver was conducted to determine if some silver species are more toxic than others. The impetus behind conducting this review is that several occupational exposure limits and guidelines exist for silver, but the values for each depend on the form of silver as well as the individual agency making the recommendations. For instance, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists has established separate threshold limit values for metallic silver (0.1 mg/m3) and soluble compounds of silver (0.01 mg/m3). On the other hand, the permissible exposure limit (PEL) recommended by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the Mine Safety and Health Administration and the recommended exposure limit set by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health is 0.01 mg/m3 for all forms of silver. The adverse effects of chronic exposure to silver are a permanent bluish-gray discoloration of the skin (argyria) or eyes (argyrosis). Most studies discuss cases of argyria and argyrosis that have resulted primarily from exposure to the soluble forms of silver. Besides argyria and argyrosis, exposure to soluble silver compounds may produce other toxic effects, including liver and kidney damage, irritation of the eyes, skin, respiratory, and intestinal tract, and changes in blood cells. Metallic silver appears to pose minimal risk to health. The current occupational exposure limits do not reflect the apparent difference in toxicities between soluble and metallic silver; thus, many researchers have recommended that separate PELs be established. JF - The Annals of occupational hygiene AU - Drake, Pamela L AU - Hazelwood, Kyle J AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Spokane Research Laboratory, 315 E. Montgomery Avenue, Spokane, WA 99207, USA. pdrake@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 575 EP - 585 VL - 49 IS - 7 SN - 0003-4878, 0003-4878 KW - Silver Compounds KW - 0 KW - Silver KW - 3M4G523W1G KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Solubility KW - Humans KW - Eye Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Chronic Disease KW - Argyria -- etiology KW - Societies, Medical KW - Occupational Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Silver -- toxicity KW - Silver Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Silver -- metabolism KW - Silver -- adverse effects KW - Silver Compounds -- metabolism KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Silver Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68609550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Annals+of+occupational+hygiene&rft.atitle=Exposure-related+health+effects+of+silver+and+silver+compounds%3A+a+review.&rft.au=Drake%2C+Pamela+L%3BHazelwood%2C+Kyle+J&rft.aulast=Drake&rft.aufirst=Pamela&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Annals+of+occupational+hygiene&rft.issn=00034878&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-31 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapidly progressive coal workers' pneumoconiosis in the United States: geographic clustering and other factors. AN - 68605302; 16169911 AB - Despite significant progress made in reducing dust exposures in underground coal miners in the United States, severe cases of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), including progressive massive fibrosis (PMF), continue to occur among coal miners. To identify US miners with rapidly progressive CWP and to describe their geographic distribution and associated risk factors. Radiographic evidence of disease progression was evaluated for underground coal miners examined through US federal chest radiograph surveillance programmes from 1996 to 2002. A case of rapidly progressive CWP was defined as the development of PMF and/or an increase in small opacity profusion greater than one subcategory over five years. County based prevalences were derived for both CWP and rapidly progressive cases. A total of 886 cases of CWP were identified among 29 521 miners examined from 1996 to 2002. Among the subset of 783 miners with CWP for whom progression could be evaluated, 277 (35.4%) were cases of rapidly progressive CWP, including 41 with PMF. Miners with rapidly progressive CWP were younger than miners without rapid progression, were more likely to have worked in smaller mines (<50 employees), and also reported longer mean tenure in jobs involving work at the face of the mine (in contrast to other underground mining jobs), but did not differ with respect to mean underground tenure. There was a clear tendency for the proportion of cases of rapidly progressive CWP to be higher in eastern Kentucky, and western Virginia. Cases of rapidly progressive CWP can be regarded as sentinel health events, indicating inadequate prevention measures in specific regions. Such events should prompt investigations to identify causal factors and initiate appropriate additional measures to prevent further disease. JF - Occupational and environmental medicine AU - Antao, V C dos S AU - Petsonk, E L AU - Sokolow, L Z AU - Wolfe, A L AU - Pinheiro, G A AU - Hale, J M AU - Attfield, M D AD - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. VAntao@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 670 EP - 674 VL - 62 IS - 10 KW - Index Medicus KW - Lung -- diagnostic imaging KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Disease Progression KW - Middle Aged KW - Radiography KW - Geography KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Male KW - Prevalence KW - Pneumoconiosis -- diagnostic imaging KW - Pneumoconiosis -- epidemiology KW - Coal Mining UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68605302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.atitle=Rapidly+progressive+coal+workers%27+pneumoconiosis+in+the+United+States%3A+geographic+clustering+and+other+factors.&rft.au=Antao%2C+V+C+dos+S%3BPetsonk%2C+E+L%3BSokolow%2C+L+Z%3BWolfe%2C+A+L%3BPinheiro%2C+G+A%3BHale%2C+J+M%3BAttfield%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Antao&rft.aufirst=V+C+dos&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=670&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.issn=1470-7926&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Occup Med. 1986 Aug;28(8):741-5 [3746499] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1992 Aug;53(8):486-92 [1509988] Occup Med. 1993 Jan-Mar;8(1):127-41 [8456344] Am J Ind Med. 1995 Aug;28(2):167-84 [8585515] Lancet. 1981 Dec 5;2(8258):1272-5 [6118680] Chest. 1973 May;63(5):736-43 [4703628] J Soc Occup Med. 1978 Jan;28(1):6-15 [340785] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1979 Oct;40(10):910-5 [525618] Occup Environ Med. 2004 Jun;61(6):477-81 [15150385] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of oxidation products of solanesol produced during air sampling for tobacco smoke by electrospray mass spectrometry and HPLC. AN - 68600636; 16172668 AB - Solanesol, a 45-carbon, trisesquiterpenoid alcohol found in tobacco leaves and tobacco smoke, has been used as a quantitative marker for tobacco smoke for years. However, solanesol appears to be unreliable as a quantitative marker for tobacco smoke during environmental air sampling because it can be degraded substantially when present as a component of tobacco smoke and by as much as 100% when present as pure solanesol on fortified filters during air sampling. Since there is strong evidence that ozone is the agent responsible for the degradation, solanesol appears to be unreliable as a quantitative marker during indoor air sampling when indoor levels of ozone are greater than about 15 ppb. The degree of loss of pure solanesol is directly proportional to the concentration of ozone and the length of the sampling period and depends on the type of 37 mm membrane filter used for air sampling (PTFE or quartz fiber). While the degree of loss of solanesol is inversely proportional to the relative humidity of the air at a sampling rate of 1.7 L min(-1), the degree of loss is virtually independent of relative humidity at a lower sampling rate; i.e., 0.25 L min(-1). A curve of loss of solanesol on a filter versus concentration of ozone from an ozone generator is virtually identical to a curve segment based on atmospheric ozone under the same conditions of air sampling. Oxidation of solanesol by ozone to approximately 25 to 60% completion produces at least three series of products for a total of at least 26 compounds: (1) isoprenoid acetones, (2)omega-hydroxyisoprenoid acetaldehydes, and (3) isoprenoid oxoaldehydes. All products in each series were tentatively identified as their derivatives with 2-(p-aminophenyl)ethanol (APE) by electrospray mass spectrometry (ES-MS). Ten ozonation products were detected as their 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivatives by HPLC at 360 nm: 4-oxopentanal and nine isoprenoid acetones (acetone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, geranylacetone, farnesylacetone, tetraprenylacetone, geranylfarnesylacetone, farnesylfarnesylacetone, farnesylgeranylgeranylacetone and bombiprenone. JF - The Analyst AU - Tucker, Samuel P AU - Pretty, Jack R AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA. spt1@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 1414 EP - 1424 VL - 130 IS - 10 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Terpenes KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - solanesol KW - FF31XTR2N4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid -- methods KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization -- methods KW - Terpenes -- chemistry KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68600636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Analyst&rft.atitle=Identification+of+oxidation+products+of+solanesol+produced+during+air+sampling+for+tobacco+smoke+by+electrospray+mass+spectrometry+and+HPLC.&rft.au=Tucker%2C+Samuel+P%3BPretty%2C+Jack+R&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1414&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Analyst&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The precision of longitudinal lung function measurements: monitoring and interpretation. AN - 68599379; 16169915 AB - The efficacy of decision making based on longitudinal spirometric measurements depends critically on the precision of the available data, which is determined by the magnitude of the within-person variation. Firstly, to describe and investigate two statistical methods-a pairwise estimate of within-person standard deviation s(p) and the reliability coefficient G-for use in the monitoring of precision of longitudinal measurements of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). Secondly, to investigate the effect of longitudinal data precision on the detectable excess rate of decline in FEV1. The authors "monitored" retrospectively on a yearly basis the magnitude of the within-person variation s(p) and the coefficient G in 11 workplace based spirometric monitoring programmes conducted from 1987 to 2001 on 12 729 workers in various industrial plants. The plant-specific mean values s(p) (range 122-166 ml) and G (range 0.88-0.95), averaged over all years of follow up, correlated well with the plant-specific within-person standard deviation s(r) (range 130-177 ml) estimated from all longitudinal data. The correlations were 0.90 for s(p) and 0.68 for G. The average precision of the longitudinal FEV1 measurements affected the duration of follow up needed to identify a "true" excess rate of decline in FEV1 in an individual. The results show that monitoring of longitudinal spirometry data precision (1) allows that data precision can be improved or maintained at levels that allow individuals with a rapid decline to be identified at an earlier age; and (2) attaches a measure of precision to the data on which decision making is based. JF - Occupational and environmental medicine AU - Hnizdo, E AU - Yu, L AU - Freyder, L AU - Attfield, M AU - Lefante, J AU - Glindmeyer, H W AD - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. ehnizdo@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 695 EP - 701 VL - 62 IS - 10 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Spirometry KW - Humans KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Forced Expiratory Volume KW - Decision Making KW - Occupational Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Lung Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Occupational Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Lung Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Lung -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68599379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.atitle=The+precision+of+longitudinal+lung+function+measurements%3A+monitoring+and+interpretation.&rft.au=Hnizdo%2C+E%3BYu%2C+L%3BFreyder%2C+L%3BAttfield%2C+M%3BLefante%2C+J%3BGlindmeyer%2C+H+W&rft.aulast=Hnizdo&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.issn=1470-7926&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Dec;160(6):2006-11 [10588621] Eur Respir J. 1997 Mar;10(3):758-63 [9073019] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Apr;163(5):1256-76 [11316667] J Occup Environ Med. 2004 Jun;46(6):591-5 [15213522] Eur Respir J. 2004 Jun;23(6):932-46 [15219010] Am J Ind Med. 2004 Aug;46(2):126-35 [15273964] J Chronic Dis. 1973 Sep;26(9):553-60 [4759580] Bull Physiopathol Respir (Nancy). 1974 Sep-Oct;10(5):643-56 [4441757] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 Jul;118(1):7-15 [354446] J Chronic Dis. 1981;34(5):191-209 [7240360] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986 Jun;133(6):974-80 [3717769] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Aug;136(2):449-52 [3619205] Chest. 1987 Nov;92(5):877-82 [3499295] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Nov;136(5):1285-98 [3674589] Eur J Epidemiol. 1987 Dec;3(4):390-8 [3319671] Stat Med. 1988 Jan-Feb;7(1-2):11-8 [3353600] Chest. 1990 Feb;97(2):288-97 [2298052] Stat Med. 1990 Apr;9(4):437-46 [2362980] Eur Respir J. 1992 Apr;5(4):452-62 [1563504] Occup Med. 1993 Apr-Jun;8(2):241-64 [8506504] Occup Med. 1993 Apr-Jun;8(2):353-61 [8506511] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995 Feb;151(2 Pt 1):406-11 [7842199] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995 Feb;151(2 Pt 1):412-22 [7842200] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Dec;154(6 Pt 2):S208-11 [8970389] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Dec;154(6 Pt 2):S212-6 [8970390] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Dec;154(6 Pt 2):S217-22 [8970391] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Dec;154(6 Pt 2):S278-84 [8970401] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Dec;162(6):2134-8 [11112127] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comorbidity between DSM-IV alcohol and specific drug use disorders in the United States: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. AN - 68579803; 16157233 AB - To date, there have been no published data on 12-month comorbidity of DSM-IV alcohol and drug use disorders in the general U.S. population. The purposes of the present study were to examine the prevalence and comorbidity of alcohol and specific drug use disorders, and to identify sociodemographic and psychopathologic correlates and treatment seeking among three groups of respondents: (1) those with alcohol use disorders only; (2) those with drug use disorders only; (3) those with comorbid alcohol and drug use disorders. Information on 12-month alcohol and specific drug use disorders in the United States was derived from face-to-face interviews in the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism's (NIAAA) 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC: n = 43,093). Prevalences were 7.35% for alcohol use disorders only, 0.90% for drug use disorder only and 1.10% for comorbid alcohol and drug use disorders. Sociodemographic and psychopathologic correlates of these three groups were quite different, with the drug use disorder and comorbid groups significantly more likely to be young, male, never married and of lower socioeconomic status than the alcohol use disorder only group. Associations between current alcohol use disorders and 25 specific drug use disorders were generally positive and statistically significant. The 12-month prevalence of treatment seeking significantly increased from 6.06% for those with an alcohol use disorder only to 15.63% for those with a drug use disorder only, and to 21.76% for those with comorbid alcohol and drug use disorders. This study provides detailed data on the homotypic comorbidity of alcohol use disorders and 25 different drug use disorders and confirms the high levels of association seen in previous studies based on lifetime measures. Implications of this study are discussed in terms of integrating alcohol and drug treatment services and refining prevention and intervention efforts. JF - Drug and alcohol dependence AU - Stinson, Frederick S AU - Grant, Bridget F AU - Dawson, Deborah A AU - Ruan, W June AU - Huang, Boji AU - Saha, Tulshi AD - Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892-9304, USA. fstinson@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/10/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 01 SP - 105 EP - 116 VL - 80 IS - 1 SN - 0376-8716, 0376-8716 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Mood Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Age Factors KW - Anxiety Disorders -- psychology KW - Humans KW - Anxiety Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry) KW - Aged KW - Comorbidity KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Adult KW - Health Surveys KW - Middle Aged KW - Mood Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Adolescent KW - Anxiety Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Mood Disorders -- psychology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Alcoholism -- epidemiology KW - Alcoholism -- diagnosis KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- psychology KW - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68579803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.atitle=Comorbidity+between+DSM-IV+alcohol+and+specific+drug+use+disorders+in+the+United+States%3A+results+from+the+National+Epidemiologic+Survey+on+Alcohol+and+Related+Conditions.&rft.au=Stinson%2C+Frederick+S%3BGrant%2C+Bridget+F%3BDawson%2C+Deborah+A%3BRuan%2C+W+June%3BHuang%2C+Boji%3BSaha%2C+Tulshi&rft.aulast=Stinson&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.issn=03768716&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - cDNA microarray-based analysis of differentially expressed genes in transgenic brains expressing NSE-controlled APPsw. AN - 68555261; 16142385 AB - cDNA microarray technique has been widely used for the detection and elucidation of differentially expressed genes on a large scale and at a speed never before possible. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the potentially overexpressed effects of APPsw on the modulation of genes for Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is central to understanding the complexity of AD. APPsw transgenic mice, which we previously produced, provide an important resource for identifying differentially expressed genes since this transgenic line was shown to have cognitive deficits along with Abeta-42 deposits at 12 months of age. To identify differentially expressed genes, cDNA microarray technique was conducted to get a large-scale screening of brain mRNA from 18 month-old NSE/APPsw transgenic and non-transgenic mice. A total of 52 differentially expressed genes, 10 up-regulated and 42 down-regulated, were found in the brains of moderately transgenic mice compared to non-transgenic littermates. Thus, the results suggest the need for future studies on gene functions, pathology, toxicogenomics, and pharmacogenomics. JF - International journal of molecular medicine AU - Jee, Seung W AU - Cho, Jung S AU - Oh, Jae H AU - Shim, Sun B AU - Hwang, Dae Y AU - Lee, Su H AU - Song, Youn S AU - Lee, Seok H AU - Kim, Yong K AD - Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea FDA, 5 Nokbundong Eunpyungku, Seoul 122-704, Korea. Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 547 EP - 552 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1107-3756, 1107-3756 KW - Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Phosphopyruvate Hydratase KW - EC 4.2.1.11 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Up-Regulation -- genetics KW - Mice KW - Phosphopyruvate Hydratase -- genetics KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- genetics KW - Down-Regulation -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic -- genetics KW - Female KW - Male KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis -- methods KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68555261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+molecular+medicine&rft.atitle=cDNA+microarray-based+analysis+of+differentially+expressed+genes+in+transgenic+brains+expressing+NSE-controlled+APPsw.&rft.au=Jee%2C+Seung+W%3BCho%2C+Jung+S%3BOh%2C+Jae+H%3BShim%2C+Sun+B%3BHwang%2C+Dae+Y%3BLee%2C+Su+H%3BSong%2C+Youn+S%3BLee%2C+Seok+H%3BKim%2C+Yong+K&rft.aulast=Jee&rft.aufirst=Seung&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=547&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+molecular+medicine&rft.issn=11073756&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic profile of XK469 (2(R)-[4-(7-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxyphenoxy]-propionic acid; NSC698215) in patients and in vitro: low potential for active or toxic metabolites or for drug-drug interactions. AN - 68075345; 15895233 AB - As part of an ongoing phase 1 study, we studied the excretion of XK469 and its metabolism in patients and in vitro. Five primary metabolites were identified by HPLC/MS/MS. An oxidized product formed by cytosolic aldehyde oxidase was the predominant species both in urine and human hepatocytes in vitro. Conjugates of XK469 with glycine, taurine, and glucuronic acid, as well as the microsomal product, 4-oxo-XK469, were also found in urine and in vitro, but none were major contributors to the mass balance for XK469 elimination. Based upon the relative concentrations circulating in plasma, systemic exposure to parent drug was 100-fold higher than for the metabolites. Thus, both toxicity and efficacy of XK469 are most likely to be produced by the parent molecule, rather than the metabolites. Urinary recovery of parent drug was low (2% of dose in 24 h), partly because of the long half-life of XK469 (approximately 3 days). In addition, the metabolite profile in urine indicates that only 25% of the XK469-derived material was unchanged drug. Thus, urinary excretion was not a major factor in XK469 elimination. Variations in systemic exposure to XK469 will be strongly influenced by factors that alter the activity of aldehyde oxidase, including pharmacogenetics, enzyme inhibition, and enzyme induction, but no specific modifiers have been reported. The multiday half-life of XK469 hampered our ability to obtain a complete mass balance, and the possibility exists that other routes, such as biliary excretion, may also play a substantial role in XK469 disposition. JF - Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology AU - Anderson, Lawrence W AU - Collins, Jerry M AU - Klecker, Raymond W AU - Katki, Aspandiar G AU - Parchment, Ralph E AU - Boinpally, Ramesh R AU - LoRusso, Patricia M AU - Ivy, S Percy AD - Food and Drug Administration, WO Bldg 64, Rm 2014, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, HFD-902, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. ANDERSONL@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 351 EP - 357 VL - 56 IS - 4 SN - 0344-5704, 0344-5704 KW - Quinoxalines KW - 0 KW - XK 469 KW - Index Medicus KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Half-Life KW - Humans KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Quinoxalines -- urine KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Quinoxalines -- metabolism KW - Quinoxalines -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68075345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Metabolic+profile+of+XK469+%282%28R%29-%5B4-%287-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl%29oxyphenoxy%5D-propionic+acid%3B+NSC698215%29+in+patients+and+in+vitro%3A+low+potential+for+active+or+toxic+metabolites+or+for+drug-drug+interactions.&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Lawrence+W%3BCollins%2C+Jerry+M%3BKlecker%2C+Raymond+W%3BKatki%2C+Aspandiar+G%3BParchment%2C+Ralph+E%3BBoinpally%2C+Ramesh+R%3BLoRusso%2C+Patricia+M%3BIvy%2C+S+Percy&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.issn=03445704&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2004. Volume II: College Students & Adults Ages 19-45, 2004 AN - 62083558; ED489469 AB - This volume--the second in a two-volume set from the Monitoring the Future study--provides findings on the substance use and related behaviors of several segments of the adult population. It also contains findings on attitudes and beliefs about drugs, as well as on several particularly salient dimensions of their social environments. Volume I presents similar findings for American secondary students in grades 8, 10, and 12. One important segment covered here is the population of American college students; a second is their age peers who are not attending college. Also covered in this volume are young adult high school graduates ages 19 to 30 (including the college students), as well as high school graduates at ages 35, 40, and 45. Monitoring the Future is a long-term research program conducted at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research under a series of investigator-initiated research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Now in its 30th year, it comprises, in part, ongoing series of annual nationally representative surveys of 12th- (begun in 1975) and of 8th- and 10th-grade students (begun in 1991). (Contains 31 tables and 79 figures.) [For Volume I, see ED489468. For 2003 edition of Volume II, see ED483832.] AU - Johnston, Lloyd D. AU - O'Malley, Patrick M. AU - Bachman, Jerald G. AU - Schulenberg, John E. Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 291 PB - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, P.O. Box 2345, Rockville, MD 20847-2345. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Grade 10 KW - Grade 12 KW - Grade 8 KW - Higher Education KW - High School Graduates KW - Rural Urban Differences KW - Gender Differences KW - Regional Characteristics KW - Young Adults KW - Racial Differences KW - Adults KW - National Surveys KW - Attitudes KW - College Students KW - Differences KW - Drug Use KW - Age Differences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62083558?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Injury and Asthma among Youth Less than 20 Years of Age on Minority Farm Operations in the United States, 2000 AN - 58743342; 2007-20602 AB - This document provides previously unavailable youth demographic, injury and asthma estimates at the national level for youth on Hispanic-operated farms in the U.S. A Hispanic is defined as any person of Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino origin. These data represent the initial step in developing research and prevention programs to reduce the burden of injury and asthma on Hispanic farms in the U.S. Tables, Appendixes, References. JF - United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Oct 2005, 127 pp. AU - Goldcamp, E Michael AU - Hendricks, Kitty J AU - Layne, Larry A AU - Myers, John R Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 EP - 127p PB - United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) KW - Health conditions and policy - Diseases and disorders KW - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - National, ethnic, and minority groups KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Agricultural population and workers KW - Labor conditions and policy - Work and labor KW - Agricultural labor KW - Hispanics - Health KW - Asthma - United States KW - book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58743342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Goldcamp%2C+E+Michael%3BHendricks%2C+Kitty+J%3BLayne%2C+Larry+A%3BMyers%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Goldcamp&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127p&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Injury+and+Asthma+among+Youth+Less+than+20+Years+of+Age+on+Minority+Farm+Operations+in+the+United+States%2C+2000&rft.title=Injury+and+Asthma+among+Youth+Less+than+20+Years+of+Age+on+Minority+Farm+Operations+in+the+United+States%2C+2000&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2006-109/pdfs/2006-109.pdf LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2007-12-07 N1 - Publication note - United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 2005 N1 - SuppNotes - DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2006-109 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Some Remarks About the Analysis of Active Control Studies AN - 21101713; 11132791 AB - In an active-controlled trial, the experimental treatment can be declared to be non-inferior to the control if the confidence interval for the difference excludes a fixed pre-specified margin. Recently, some articles have discussed an alternative method where the data from the current study and placebo-controlled studies for the active control are combined together into a single test statistic to test whether a fixed fraction of the effect of the active control is preserved. It has been shown that, conditional on nuisance parameters from the active-controlled study, a fixed margin can be defined that will be operationally equivalent to this latter method. In this article, we will discuss statistical properties associated with these approaches. Specifically, the interim monitoring boundaries and level of evidence will be considered. JF - Biometrical Journal AU - Lawrence, John AD - Division of Biometrics I, OB/CDER, Food and Drug Administration, HFD-710, 15B-45, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, USA, lawrencej@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 616 EP - 622 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 47 IS - 5 SN - 0323-3847, 0323-3847 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Statistics KW - Data processing KW - Boundaries KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21101713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biometrical+Journal&rft.atitle=Some+Remarks+About+the+Analysis+of+Active+Control+Studies&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+John&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=616&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biometrical+Journal&rft.issn=03233847&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbimj.200410145 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Statistics; Boundaries DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bimj.200410145 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Doubly Branched Hexasaccharide Epitope on the Cell Wall Polysaccharide of Group A Streptococci Recognized by Human and Rabbit Antisera AN - 20983733; 6527416 AB - A number of epitope specificities associated with the cell wall polysaccharide antigen of group A streptococci were identified in a polyclonal rabbit antiserum induced in rabbits by whole group A streptococci and in polyclonal convalescent human antisera from children that had recovered from streptococcal A infections. The identification was achieved by using a series of synthetic oligosaccharides, glycoconjugates, and bacterial polysaccharide inhibitors to inhibit the binding of the group A helical polysaccharide to the polyclonal antisera. The exclusively dominant epitope expressed in the convalescent human antisera was [a] doubly branched extended helical hexasaccharide. The hexasaccharide epitope also bound with the highest immunoreactivity to the rabbit antiserum. In contrast, the human antisera did not show significant binding to a singly branched pentasaccharide or a branched trisaccharide, although both these haptens bound significantly to the same rabbit antiserum, albeit with less immunoreactivity than the hexasaccharide. Inhibition studies using streptococcal group A and B rabbit antisera and the inhibitors indicated above also suggested that the group A carbohydrate, unlike the group B streptococcal polysaccharide, does not contain a disaccharide motif at its nonreducing chain terminus, stressing the importance of mapping the determinant specificities of these two important streptococcal subcapsular group polysaccharides to fully understand the serological relationships between group A and group B streptococci. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Michon, Francis AU - Moore, Samuel L AU - Kim, John AU - Blake, Milan S AU - Auzanneau, France-Isabelle AU - Johnston, Blair D AU - Johnson, Margaret A AU - Pinto, BMario AD - Baxter Vaccines, Beltsville, Maryland 20705. Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER)/FDA, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland 20851-1448. Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6 Canada Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 6383 EP - 6389 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 10 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Streptococcus KW - oligosaccharides KW - Haptens KW - Children KW - Infection KW - Polysaccharides KW - Disaccharides KW - glycoconjugates KW - Antisera KW - Immunoreactivity KW - Mapping KW - Carbohydrates KW - Epitopes KW - Cell walls KW - J 02832:Antigenic properties and virulence KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20983733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Doubly+Branched+Hexasaccharide+Epitope+on+the+Cell+Wall+Polysaccharide+of+Group+A+Streptococci+Recognized+by+Human+and+Rabbit+Antisera&rft.au=Michon%2C+Francis%3BMoore%2C+Samuel+L%3BKim%2C+John%3BBlake%2C+Milan+S%3BAuzanneau%2C+France-Isabelle%3BJohnston%2C+Blair+D%3BJohnson%2C+Margaret+A%3BPinto%2C+BMario&rft.aulast=Michon&rft.aufirst=Francis&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - oligosaccharides; Haptens; Polysaccharides; Infection; Children; Disaccharides; Antisera; glycoconjugates; Immunoreactivity; Carbohydrates; Mapping; Epitopes; Cell walls; Streptococcus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mode of Action: Disruption of Brain Cell Replication, Second Messenger, and Neurotransmitter Systems During Development Leading to Cognitive Dysfunction - Developmental Neurotoxicity of Nicotine AN - 20340275; 7691714 AB - Developmental exposure to nicotine in rats results in neurobehavioral effects such as reduced locomotor and cognitive function. Key events in the animal mode of action (MOA) include binding to the nicotinic cholinergic receptor during prenatal and/or early postnatal development. This leads to premature onset of cell differentiation at the expense of cell replication, which leads to brain cell death or structural alterations in regional brain areas. Other events include an initial increase followed by a decrease in adenyl cyclase activity, as well as effects on the noradrenergic, dopaminergic, and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems. Because the nicotine receptor is also present in the developing human brain and the underlying biology for DNA synthesis and cell signaling is comparable, this MOA is likely to be relevant for humans. Although the effects of nicotine exposure in developing humans is not well documented, nicotine exposure as a result of cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with several physiological and behavioral outcomes that are reminiscent of the effects of nicotine alone in animal models. As data become available with the advent of the use of the nicotine patch in pregnant humans, the question as to the relative importance of smoking per se versus nicotine alone may be determined. JF - Critical Reviews in Toxicology AU - Slikker Jr, William AU - Xu, Z Alex AU - Levin, Edward D AU - Slotkin, Theodore A AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, NCTR/FDA, Arkansas, USA Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 703 EP - 711 PB - Taylor & Francis, 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 35 IS - 8 SN - 1040-8444, 1040-8444 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - DNA biosynthesis KW - Replication KW - Animal models KW - Brain KW - Acetylcholine receptors KW - Pregnancy KW - Differentiation KW - Second messengers KW - Cell death KW - Dopamine KW - Cognitive ability KW - Nicotine KW - Reviews KW - Cigarette smoking KW - Norepinephrine KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Neurotransmitters KW - Signal transduction KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse KW - N3 11003:Developmental neuroscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20340275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Mode+of+Action%3A+Disruption+of+Brain+Cell+Replication%2C+Second+Messenger%2C+and+Neurotransmitter+Systems+During+Development+Leading+to+Cognitive+Dysfunction+-+Developmental+Neurotoxicity+of+Nicotine&rft.au=Slikker+Jr%2C+William%3BXu%2C+Z+Alex%3BLevin%2C+Edward+D%3BSlotkin%2C+Theodore+A&rft.aulast=Slikker+Jr&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=703&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=10408444&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10408440591007421 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA biosynthesis; Replication; Brain; Animal models; Acetylcholine receptors; Pregnancy; Differentiation; Cell death; Second messengers; Dopamine; Nicotine; Cognitive ability; Reviews; Neurotoxicity; Norepinephrine; Cigarette smoking; Neurotransmitters; Signal transduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408440591007421 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recovery of Soil Macrofauna Communities after Forest Clearance in Eastern Amazonia, Brazil AN - 201400850 AB - As primary forest is cleared, pastures and secondary forest occupy an increasing space in the Amazonian landscape. We evaluated the effect of forest clearing on a soil macrofauna (invertebrate) community in a smallholder farming system of southeastern Amazonia. We sampled the soil macrofauna in 22 plots of forest, upland rice fields, pastures, and fallows of different ages. In total, we collected 10,728 invertebrates. In cleared plots the species richness per plot of the soil macrofauna fell from 76 to 30 species per plot immediately after forest clearance, and the composition of the new community was different. Ants, termites, and spiders were most affected by the disturbance. In plots deforested several years before, the effect of forest clearance was highly dependent on the type of land use (pasture or fallow). In fallows, the community was similar to the initial state. The species richness per plot in old fallows rose to 66, and the composition was closer to the primary forests than to the other types of land use. On the contrary, in the pastures the species richness per plot remained low at 47. In fallows, all the groups showed a richness close to that in primary forest, whereas in the forest only the richness of earthworms and Coleoptera recovered. Our results show that forest clearing constitutes a major disturbance for the soil macrofauna and that the recovery potential of the soil macrofauna after 6 or 7 years is much higher in fallows than in pastures. Thus, fallows may play a crucial role in the conservation of soil macrofauna.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] JF - Conservation Biology AU - Mathieu, J AU - J.-P. ROSSI AU - Mora, P AU - Lavelle, P AU - P. F.da S. MARTINS AU - Rouland, C AU - Grimaldi, M Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 1598 EP - 1605 CY - Washington PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd. VL - 19 IS - 5 SN - 08888892 KW - Biology KW - Soils KW - Conservation KW - Farming KW - Forests KW - Environmental protection KW - Invertebrates KW - Worms KW - Environmental impact KW - Brazil KW - Amazon Basin UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/201400850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvscijournals&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Recovery+of+Soil+Macrofauna+Communities+after+Forest+Clearance+in+Eastern+Amazonia%2C+Brazil&rft.au=Mathieu%2C+J%3BJ.-P.+ROSSI%3BMora%2C+P%3BLavelle%2C+P%3BP.+F.da+S.+MARTINS%3BRouland%2C+C%3BGrimaldi%2C+M&rft.aulast=Mathieu&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1598&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1523-1739.2005.00200.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Central; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Copyright - 2005 Society for Conservation Biology N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amazon Basin; Brazil DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00200.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model Averaging Using the Kullback Information Criterion in Estimating Effective Doses for Microbial Infection and Illness AN - 19928795; 6559802 AB - Since the National Food Safety Initiative of 1997, risk assessment has been an important issue in food safety areas. Microbial risk assessment is a systematic process for describing and quantifying a potential to cause adverse health effects associated with exposure to microorganisms. Various dose-response models for estimating microbial risks have been investigated. We have considered four two-parameter models and four three-parameter models in order to evaluate variability among the models for microbial risk assessment using infectivity and illness data from studies with human volunteers exposed to a variety of microbial pathogens. Model variability is measured in terms of estimated ED sub(01)s and ED sub(10)s, with the view that these effective dose levels correspond to the lower and upper limits of the 1% to 10% risk range generally recommended for establishing benchmark doses in risk assessment. Parameters of the statistical models are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. In this article a weighted average of effective dose estimates from eight two- and three-parameter dose-response models, with weights determined by the Kullback information criterion, is proposed to address model uncertainties in microbial risk assessment. The proposed procedures for incorporating model uncertainties and making inferences are illustrated with human infection-illness dose-response data sets. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Moon, Hojin AU - Kim, Hyun-Joo AU - Chen, James J AU - Kodell, Ralph L AD - Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Drive, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, hmoon@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 1147 EP - 1159 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd., Osney Mead Oxford OX2 0EL UK, [mailto:journals.cs@blacksci.co.uk], [URL:http://www.blacksci.co.uk] VL - 25 IS - 5 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Food KW - Statistical analysis KW - Pathogens KW - Food contamination KW - Infection KW - Food-borne diseases KW - Models KW - Infectivity KW - Dose-response effects KW - Microorganisms KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19928795?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Model+Averaging+Using+the+Kullback+Information+Criterion+in+Estimating+Effective+Doses+for+Microbial+Infection+and+Illness&rft.au=Moon%2C+Hojin%3BKim%2C+Hyun-Joo%3BChen%2C+James+J%3BKodell%2C+Ralph+L&rft.aulast=Moon&rft.aufirst=Hojin&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1539-6924.2005.00676.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Tables, 13; formulas, 191; references, 34. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Infectivity; Mathematical models; Data processing; Food; Microorganisms; Statistical analysis; Pathogens; Infection; Models; Dose-response effects; Food contamination; Food-borne diseases DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2005.00676.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The clearance of viruses and transmissible spongiform encephalopathy agents from biologicals AN - 19799112; 7656691 AB - The viral and transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) safety of therapeutics of biological origin (biologicals) is greatly influenced by the nature and degree of variability of the source material and by the mode of purification. Plasma-derived and recombinant DNA products currently have good viral safety records, but challenges remain. In general, large enveloped viruses are easier to remove from biologicals than small 'naked' viruses. Monoclonal antibodies and recombinant DNA biopharmaceuticals are derived from relatively homogeneous source materials and purified by multistep schemes that are robust and amenable to scientific analysis and engineering improvement. Viral clearance is more challenging for blood and cell products, as they are complex and labile. Source selection (e.g. country of origin, deferral for CJD risk factors) currently occupies the front line for ensuring that biologicals are free of TSE agents, but robust methods for their clearance from products are under development. JF - Current Opinion in Biotechnology AU - Farshid, Mahmood AU - Taffs, Rolf E AU - Scott, Dorothy AU - Asher, David M AU - Brorson, Kurt AD - Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, USA, kurt.brorson@fda.hhs.go Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 561 EP - 567 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0958-1669, 0958-1669 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy KW - Blood KW - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Reviews KW - Risk factors KW - DNA KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Purification KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines KW - V 22380:Prions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19799112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=The+clearance+of+viruses+and+transmissible+spongiform+encephalopathy+agents+from+biologicals&rft.au=Farshid%2C+Mahmood%3BTaffs%2C+Rolf+E%3BScott%2C+Dorothy%3BAsher%2C+David+M%3BBrorson%2C+Kurt&rft.aulast=Farshid&rft.aufirst=Mahmood&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=09581669&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.copbio.2005.07.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy; Blood; Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; Monoclonal antibodies; Risk factors; Reviews; DNA; Pharmaceuticals; Purification DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2005.07.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells Using Real-Time PCR AN - 19772258; 7145383 AB - There is a general lack of rapid, sensitive, and quantitative methods for the detection of differentiating human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Using light microscopy and immunohistochemistry, we observed that morphological changes of differentiating hESCs precede any major alterations in the expression of several commonly used hESC markers (SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, Oct-4, and Nanog). In an attempt to quantify the changes during stochastic differentiation of hESCs, we developed a robust and sensitive multi-marker quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) method. To maximize the sensitivity of the method, we measured the expression of up- and downregulated genes before and after differentiation of the hESCs. Out of the 12 genes assayed, we found it clearly sufficient to determine the relative differentiation state of the cells by calculating a collective expression index based on the mRNA levels of Oct-4, Nanog, Cripto, and alpha -fetoprotein. We evaluated the method using different hESC lines maintained in either feeder-dependent or feeder-free culture conditions. The QPCR method is very flexible, and by appropriately selecting reporter genes, the method can be designed for various applications. The combination of QPCR with hESC-based technologies opens novel avenues for high-throughput analysis of hESCs in, for example, pharmacological and cytotoxicity screening. JF - Stem Cells AU - Noaksson, Karin AU - Zoric, Neven AU - Zeng, Xianmin AU - Rao, Mahendra S AU - Hyllner, Johan AU - Semb, Henrik AU - Kubista, Mikael AU - Sartipy, Peter AD - Cellartis AB, Goeteborg, Sweden. TATAA Biocenter, Lundberg Laboratory, Goeteborg, Sweden. Cellular Neurobiology Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute of Aging, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Section of Endocrinology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 1460 EP - 1467 PB - AlphaMed Press, Inc., One Prestige Pl, Ste 290 Miamisburg OH 45342-3758 USA VL - 23 IS - 10 SN - 1066-5099, 1066-5099 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Differentiation KW - Stem cells KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Embryo cells KW - alpha -fetoprotein KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Cell culture KW - Oct-4 protein KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Stochasticity KW - mRNA KW - G 07720:Immunogenetics KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19772258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Stem+Cells&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Differentiation+of+Human+Embryonic+Stem+Cells+Using+Real-Time+PCR&rft.au=Noaksson%2C+Karin%3BZoric%2C+Neven%3BZeng%2C+Xianmin%3BRao%2C+Mahendra+S%3BHyllner%2C+Johan%3BSemb%2C+Henrik%3BKubista%2C+Mikael%3BSartipy%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Noaksson&rft.aufirst=Karin&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Stem+Cells&rft.issn=10665099&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Differentiation; Cytotoxicity; Stem cells; Embryo cells; alpha -fetoprotein; Polymerase chain reaction; Cell culture; Oct-4 protein; Stochasticity; Immunohistochemistry; mRNA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of Vibration Power Absorption Density in Human Fingers AN - 19413774; 6481920 AB - The absorption of hand-transmitted vibration energy may be an etiological factor in vibration-induced disorders. The vibration power absorption density (VPAD) may be a better measure of energy than the total power absorption of the hand-arm system. The objectives of the present study are to develop a method to estimate the average absorption density in the fingers and to investigate its basic characteristics. Ten healthy male subjects were used in this study. The biodynamic response of the fingers in a power grip subjected to a broad-band random excitation was measured under three grip forces (15, 30, 50 N) and three push forces (35, 45, 50 N). The response was used to estimate the total finger energy absorption. The response, together with the finger volume, was also used to estimate the amount of tissue effectively involved in the absorption. Then, the average VPAD under constant-acceleration, constant-power density, constant-velocity vibration spectra, and 20 tool vibration spectra were calculated. The correlations between the VPAD and the unweighted and weighted accelerations (ISO 5349-1, 2001) were also examined. The VPAD depends on both the characteristics of the vibration spectrum and the biodynamic response of the finger-hand-arm system. The biodynamic response generally plays a more important role in determining the VPAD in the middle frequency range (31.5-400 Hz) than those at the low and high ends. The applied force significantly affected the VPAD. The finger VPAD was highly correlated to the unweighted acceleration. The average VPAD can be determined using the proposed experimental method. It can serve as an alternative tool to quantify the severity of the vibration exposure for studying vibration-induced finger disorders. JF - Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, Transactions of the ASME AU - Dong, R G AU - Wu, J Z AU - Welcome, DE AU - McDowell, T W AD - Engineering and Control Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 849 EP - 856 VL - 127 IS - 5 SN - 0148-0731, 0148-0731 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Vibrations KW - Energy KW - Finger KW - W 30905:Medical Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19413774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomechanical+Engineering%2C+Transactions+of+the+ASME&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+Vibration+Power+Absorption+Density+in+Human+Fingers&rft.au=Dong%2C+R+G%3BWu%2C+J+Z%3BWelcome%2C+DE%3BMcDowell%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=849&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomechanical+Engineering%2C+Transactions+of+the+ASME&rft.issn=01480731&rft_id=info:doi/10.1115%2F1.1992526 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Finger; Vibrations; Energy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1992526 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic Oral Treatment with 13-cis-Retinoic Acid (Isotretinoin) or all-trans-Retinoic Acid Does Not Alter Depression-Like Behaviors in Rats AN - 17661398; 6530069 AB - Oral treatment with the anti-acne drug Accutane (isotretinoin, 13-cis-retinoic acid) has been associated with suicide ideation and depression. Here, depression-like behaviors (i.e., behavioral despair and anhedonia) were quantified in adult Sprague-Dawley rats gavaged daily beginning at postnatal day (PND) 82 with 13-cis-RA (7.5 or 22.5 mg/kg) or all-trans-retinoic acid (10 or 15 mg/kg ). Tested at PND 130-131 in the Forced Swim Test, 7.5 mg/kg 13-cis-RA marginally decreased immobility and slightly increased climb/struggle durations whereas neither all-trans-retinoic acid group differed from controls. Voluntary saccharin solution (0.03%) intake at PND 102-104 and PND 151-153 was not different from controls in any treated group, although all RA-treated groups had lower intakes. Swim speed in a water maze at PND 180 was similar across groups, indicating no RA-induced differences in physical ability. Open field activity was mildly decreased at PND 91 in 7.5 mg/kg-treated males only, but it was within the control range at PND 119, 147, and 175. Thus, at serum levels similar to those in humans receiving the drug, chronic 13-cis-RA treatment did not severely affect depression-like behaviors in rats. These data do not substantiate the hypothesis of 13-cis-RA-induced depression. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Ferguson, Sherry A AU - Cisneros, FJavier AU - Gough, B AU - Hanig, Joseph P AU - Berry, Kimberly J AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkasas 72079 Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 451 EP - 459 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 87 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - 13-cis-retinoic acid KW - Accutane KW - Isotretinoin KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24113:Side effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17661398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Chronic+Oral+Treatment+with+13-cis-Retinoic+Acid+%28Isotretinoin%29+or+all-trans-Retinoic+Acid+Does+Not+Alter+Depression-Like+Behaviors+in+Rats&rft.au=Ferguson%2C+Sherry+A%3BCisneros%2C+FJavier%3BGough%2C+B%3BHanig%2C+Joseph+P%3BBerry%2C+Kimberly+J&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=Sherry&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer Mortality among Men Occupationally Exposed to Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane AN - 17657043; 6502512 AB - Several studies have evaluated cancer risk associated with occupational and environmental exposure to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Results are mixed. To further inquire into human carcinogenicity of DDT, we conducted a mortality follow-up study of 4,552 male workers, exposed to DDT during antimalarial operations in Sardinia, Italy, conducted in 1946 to 1950. Detailed information on DDT use during the operations provided the opportunity to develop individual estimates of average and cumulative exposure. Mortality of the cohort was first compared with that of the Sardinian population. Overall mortality in the cohort was about as expected, but there was a deficit for death from cardiovascular disease and a slight excess for nonmalignant respiratory diseases and lymphatic cancer among the unexposed subcohort. For internal comparisons, we used Poisson regression analysis to calculate relative risks of selected malignant and nonmalignant diseases with the unexposed subcohort as the reference. Cancer mortality was decreased among DDT-exposed workers, mainly due to a reduction in lung cancer deaths. Birth outside from the study area was a strong predictor of mortality from leukemia. Mortality from stomach cancer increased up to 2-fold in the highest quartile of cumulative exposure (relative risk, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.9-4.4), but no exposure-response trend was observed. Risks of liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and leukemia were not elevated among DDT-exposed workers. No effect of latency on risk estimates was observed over the 45 years of follow-up and within selected time windows. Adjusting risks by possible exposure to chlordane in the second part of the antimalarial operations did not change the results. In conclusion, we found little evidence for a link between occupational exposure to DDT and mortality from any of the cancers previously suggested to be associated. JF - Cancer Research AU - Cocco, Pierluigi AU - Fadda, Domenica AU - Billai, Beatrice AU - D'Atri, Mario AU - Melis, Massimo AU - Blair, Aaron AD - Occupational Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy and Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 9588 EP - 9594 PB - American Association for Cancer Research, 615 Chestnut St., 17th Floor Philadelphia PA 19106-4404 USA, [URL:http://www.aacr.org/] VL - 65 IS - 20 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17657043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Cancer+Mortality+among+Men+Occupationally+Exposed+to+Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane&rft.au=Cocco%2C+Pierluigi%3BFadda%2C+Domenica%3BBillai%2C+Beatrice%3BD%27Atri%2C+Mario%3BMelis%2C+Massimo%3BBlair%2C+Aaron&rft.aulast=Cocco&rft.aufirst=Pierluigi&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=9588&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of the transmissibility of anti-vibration gloves when used with specific tools AN - 17586735; 6524885 AB - Anti-vibration gloves are increasingly being used as personal protective equipment to help reduce the hazards of hand-transmitted vibration. A vibration transfer function method for estimating the tool-specific performance of anti-vibration gloves has been proposed to help select appropriate gloves for particular tools and to assess the potential risks posed by tool vibration. This study evaluates the validity of the method by comparing the predicted vibration transmissibility with the measured value. Two typical vibration-attenuating gloves (air bladder and visco-elastic material gloves) were used in the study. Two series of experiments were performed for the evaluation. In the first series, the isolation efficiency of selected anti-vibration gloves was evaluated in the laboratory under synthesized handle vibration spectra of six different tools. The second series of tests involved the measurement of the glove transmissibility, while operating two different pneumatic chipping hammers. The results of the study show reasonably good agreements between the predicted and measured acceleration transmissibility values of the candidate gloves. It is thus concluded that the transfer function method provides a reasonably good estimate of vibration attenuation performance of gloves for specific tools. JF - Noise & Vibration Worldwide AU - Dong, R G AU - Welcome, DE AU - McDowell, T W AU - Rakheja, S AD - Engineering & Control Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 11 VL - 36 IS - 9 SN - 0957-4565, 0957-4565 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Protective clothing KW - Musculoskeletal system KW - Vibration KW - gloves KW - Hand tools KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17586735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Noise+%26+Vibration+Worldwide&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+the+transmissibility+of+anti-vibration+gloves+when+used+with+specific+tools&rft.au=Dong%2C+R+G%3BWelcome%2C+DE%3BMcDowell%2C+T+W%3BRakheja%2C+S&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Noise+%26+Vibration+Worldwide&rft.issn=09574565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gloves; Vibration; Protective clothing; Hand tools; Musculoskeletal system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioaerosol Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Detection of Individual Airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra Particles AN - 17391166; 6506409 AB - Single-particle laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, in the form of bioaerosol mass spectrometry (BAMS), was evaluated as a rapid detector for individual airborne, micron-sized, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra particles, comprised of a single cell or a small number of clumped cells. The BAMS mass spectral signatures for aerosolized M. tuberculosis H37Ra particles were found to be distinct from M. smegmatis, Bacillus atrophaeus, and B. cereus particles, using a distinct biomarker. This is the first time a potentially unique biomarker was measured in M. tuberculosis H37Ra on a single-cell level. In addition, M. tuberculosis H37Ra and M. smegmatis were aerosolized into a bioaerosol chamber and were sampled and analyzed using BAMS, an aerodynamic particle sizer, a viable Anderson six-stage sampler, and filter cassette samplers that permitted direct counts of cells. In a background-free environment, BAMS was able to sample and detect M. tuberculosis H37Ra at airborne concentrations of >1 M. tuberculosis H37Ra-containing particles/liter of air in 20 min as determined by direct counts of filter cassette-sampled particles, and concentrations of >40 M. tuberculosis H37Ra CFU/liter of air in 1 min as determined by using viable Andersen six-stage samplers. This is a first step toward the development of a rapid, stand-alone airborne M. tuberculosis particle detector for the direct detection of M. tuberculosis bioaerosols generated by an infectious patient. Additional instrumental development is currently under way to make BAMS useful in realistic environmental and respiratory particle backgrounds expected in tuberculosis diagnostic scenarios. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Tobias, Herbert J AU - Schafer, Millie P AU - Pitesky, Maurice AU - Fergenson, David P AU - Horn, Joanne AU - Frank, Matthias AU - Gard, Eric E AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 6086 EP - 6095 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 71 IS - 10 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Filters KW - Desorption KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Tuberculosis KW - Lasers KW - Development KW - Samplers KW - biomarkers KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis KW - J 02908:Air KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - J 02704:Enumeration KW - J 02845:Ear, nose and respiratory tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17391166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Bioaerosol+Mass+Spectrometry+for+Rapid+Detection+of+Individual+Airborne+Mycobacterium+tuberculosis+H37Ra+Particles&rft.au=Tobias%2C+Herbert+J%3BSchafer%2C+Millie+P%3BPitesky%2C+Maurice%3BFergenson%2C+David+P%3BHorn%2C+Joanne%3BFrank%2C+Matthias%3BGard%2C+Eric+E&rft.aulast=Tobias&rft.aufirst=Herbert&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6086&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Filters; Desorption; Colony-forming cells; Lasers; Tuberculosis; Development; biomarkers; Samplers; Mass spectroscopy; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polymorphisms in Cytokine and Cellular Adhesion Molecule Genes and Susceptibility to Hematotoxicity among Workers Exposed to Benzene AN - 17385558; 6502510 AB - Benzene is a recognized hematotoxin and leukemogen but its mechanism of action and the role of genetic susceptibility are still unclear. Cytokines, chemokines, and cellular adhesion molecules are soluble proteins that play an important regulatory role in hematopoiesis. We therefore hypothesized that variation in these genes could influence benzene-induced hematotoxicity. We analyzed common, well-studied single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 20 candidate genes drawn from these pathways in a study of 250 workers exposed to benzene and 140 unexposed controls in China. After accounting for multiple comparisons, SNPs in five genes were associated with a statistically significant decrease in total WBC counts among exposed workers [IL-1A (-889C>T), IL-4 (-1098T>G), IL-10 (-819T>C), IL-12A (8685G>A), and VCAM1 (-1591T>C)], and one SNP [CSF3 (Ex4-165C>T)] was associated with an increase in WBC counts. The adhesion molecule VCAM1 variant was particularly noteworthy as it was associated with a decrease in B cells, natural killer cells, CD4 super(+) T cells, and monocytes. Further, VCAM1 (-1591T>C) and CSF3 (Ex4-165C>T) were associated, respectively, with decreased (P = 0.041) and increased (P = 0.076) CFU-GEMM progenitor cell colony formation in 29 benzene-exposed workers. This is the first report to provide evidence that SNPs in genes that regulate hematopoiesis influence benzene-induced hematotoxicity. JF - Cancer Research AU - Lan, Qing AU - Zhang, Luoping AU - Shen, Min AU - Smith, Martyn T AU - Li, Guilan AU - Vermeulen, Roel AU - Rappaport, Stephen M AU - Forrest, Matthew S AU - Hayes, Richard B AU - Linet, Martha AU - Dosemeci, Mustafa AU - Alter, Blanche P AU - Weinberg, Rona S AU - Yin, Songnian AU - Yeager, Meredith AU - Welch, Robert AU - Waidyanatha, Suramya AU - Kim, Sungkyoon AU - Chanock, Stephen AU - Rothman, Nathaniel AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 9574 EP - 9581 PB - American Association for Cancer Research, 615 Chestnut St., 17th Floor Philadelphia PA 19106-4404 USA, [URL:http://www.aacr.org/] VL - 65 IS - 20 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Interleukin 4 KW - Chemokines KW - Lymphocytes B KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Natural killer cells KW - Statistical analysis KW - Interleukin 10 KW - Benzene KW - Workers KW - CD4 antigen KW - Stem cells KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Hemopoiesis KW - Cytokines KW - Monocytes KW - Occupational exposure KW - F 06152:Tumor Immunology KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17385558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Polymorphisms+in+Cytokine+and+Cellular+Adhesion+Molecule+Genes+and+Susceptibility+to+Hematotoxicity+among+Workers+Exposed+to+Benzene&rft.au=Lan%2C+Qing%3BZhang%2C+Luoping%3BShen%2C+Min%3BSmith%2C+Martyn+T%3BLi%2C+Guilan%3BVermeulen%2C+Roel%3BRappaport%2C+Stephen+M%3BForrest%2C+Matthew+S%3BHayes%2C+Richard+B%3BLinet%2C+Martha%3BDosemeci%2C+Mustafa%3BAlter%2C+Blanche+P%3BWeinberg%2C+Rona+S%3BYin%2C+Songnian%3BYeager%2C+Meredith%3BWelch%2C+Robert%3BWaidyanatha%2C+Suramya%3BKim%2C+Sungkyoon%3BChanock%2C+Stephen%3BRothman%2C+Nathaniel&rft.aulast=Lan&rft.aufirst=Qing&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=9574&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemokines; Interleukin 4; Lymphocytes B; Gene polymorphism; Statistical analysis; Natural killer cells; Benzene; Interleukin 10; Workers; Stem cells; CD4 antigen; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Lymphocytes T; Cytokines; Hemopoiesis; Monocytes; Occupational exposure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Test Procedure for the Determination of (2-Methoxyethoxy)acetic Acid in Urine from Jet Fuel-Exposed Mice AN - 17065080; 6687104 AB - A test procedure for the determination of (2-methoxyethoxy)acetic acid (MEAA) was adapted and applied to urine samples from jet fuel (JP-8)-exposed mice using capillary gas chromatography with a mass selective detector (MSD). MEAA is a metabolite and proposed biomarker for exposure to 2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethanol, a glycol ether component in the formulation of JP-8. The collected urine samples were spiked with deuterated butoxyacetic acid internal standard, and extracted with ethyl acetate, and esterified with ethanol and sulfuric acid, and the esters of the glycol ethers were extracted with methylene chloride. The chromatographic conditions used easily separate the MEAA ethyl ester from interferences within mouse urine. The application of this procedure to urine samples collected from mice demonstrated that MEAA was detectable after oral (2000 mg/kg) or dermal (50 mu L) exposure for 7 days to JP-8 at levels as high as 8.5 or 6.5 mu g/mL, respectively. This pilot demonstration indicated that total urinary MEAA was a viable biomarker for the two routes of JP-8 exposure in laboratory mice. JF - Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods AU - B'Hymer, C AU - Keil, DE AU - Cheever, K L AD - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Division of Applied Research and Technology, Taft Laboratory, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45226, USA Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 367 EP - 373 VL - 15 IS - 5 SN - 1537-6516, 1537-6516 KW - (2-methoxyethoxy)acetic acid KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Skin KW - Fuels KW - Glycol ethers KW - Metabolites KW - Esters KW - biomarkers KW - Urine KW - Gas chromatography KW - Ethyl acetate KW - Sulfuric acid KW - Methylene chloride KW - Ethanol KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17065080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Mechanisms+and+Methods&rft.atitle=A+Test+Procedure+for+the+Determination+of+%282-Methoxyethoxy%29acetic+Acid+in+Urine+from+Jet+Fuel-Exposed+Mice&rft.au=B%27Hymer%2C+C%3BKeil%2C+DE%3BCheever%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=B%27Hymer&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Mechanisms+and+Methods&rft.issn=15376516&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F153765291009976 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Skin; Gas chromatography; Urine; Fuels; Ethyl acetate; Glycol ethers; Sulfuric acid; Metabolites; Esters; biomarkers; Methylene chloride; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/153765291009976 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Updated U.S. Public Health Service guidelines for the management of occupational exposures to HIV and recommendations for postexposure prophylaxis. AN - 68649934; 16195697 AB - This report updates U.S. Public Health Service recommendations for the management of health-care personnel (HCP) who have occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids that might contain human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although the principles of exposure management remain unchanged, recommended HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been changed. This report emphasizes adherence to HIV PEP when it is indicated for an exposure, expert consultation in management of exposures, follow-up of exposed workers to improve adherence to PEP, and monitoring for adverse events, including seroconversion. To ensure timely postexposure management and administration of HIV PEP, clinicians should consider occupational exposures as urgent medical concerns. JF - MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports AU - Panlilio, Adelisa L AU - Cardo, Denise M AU - Grohskopf, Lisa A AU - Heneine, Walid AU - Ross, Clara Sue AU - U.S. Public Health Service AD - Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd., NE, MS E-68, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. alp4@cdc.gov ; U.S. Public Health Service Y1 - 2005/09/30/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 30 SP - 1 EP - 17 VL - 54 KW - Anti-HIV Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional KW - Humans KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Anti-HIV Agents -- therapeutic use KW - HIV Infections -- transmission KW - HIV Infections -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68649934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MMWR.+Recommendations+and+reports+%3A+Morbidity+and+mortality+weekly+report.+Recommendations+and+reports&rft.atitle=Updated+U.S.+Public+Health+Service+guidelines+for+the+management+of+occupational+exposures+to+HIV+and+recommendations+for+postexposure+prophylaxis.&rft.au=Panlilio%2C+Adelisa+L%3BCardo%2C+Denise+M%3BGrohskopf%2C+Lisa+A%3BHeneine%2C+Walid%3BRoss%2C+Clara+Sue%3BU.S.+Public+Health+Service&rft.aulast=Panlilio&rft.aufirst=Adelisa&rft.date=2005-09-30&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=MMWR.+Recommendations+and+reports+%3A+Morbidity+and+mortality+weekly+report.+Recommendations+and+reports&rft.issn=1545-8601&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-03 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Food labeling; nutrient content claims, definition of sodium levels for the term "healthy." Final rule. AN - 68631004; 16193594 AB - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is amending its regulations concerning the maximum sodium levels permitted for foods that bear the implied nutrient content claim "healthy." The agency is retaining the currently effective, less restrictive, "first-tier" sodium level requirements for all food categories, including individual foods (480 milligrams (mg)) and meals and main dishes (600 mg), and is dropping the "second-tier" (more restrictive) sodium level requirements for all food categories. Based on the comments received about technological barriers to reducing sodium in processed foods and poor sales of products that meet the second-tier sodium level, the agency has determined that requiring the more restrictive sodium levels would likely inhibit the development of new "healthy" food products and risk substantially eliminating existing "healthy" products from the marketplace. After reviewing the comments and evaluating the data from various sources, FDA has become convinced that retaining the higher first-tier sodium level requirements for all food products bearing the term "healthy" will encourage the manufacture of a greater number of products that are consistent with dietary guidelines for a variety of nutrients. The agency has also revised the regulatory text of the "healthy" regulation to clarify the scope and meaning of the regulation and to reformat the nutrient content requirements for "healthy" into a more readable set of tables, consistent with the Presidential Memorandum instructing that regulations be written in plain language. JF - Federal register AU - Food and Drug Administration, HHS AD - Food and Drug Administration, HHS Y1 - 2005/09/29/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 29 SP - 56828 EP - 56849 VL - 70 IS - 188 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - Sodium KW - 9NEZ333N27 KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Government Regulation KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Public Health -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Humans KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - Hypertension -- etiology KW - Consumer Behavior KW - Nutritional Physiological Phenomena KW - Diet, Sodium-Restricted -- standards KW - United States Department of Agriculture KW - Food -- classification KW - Sodium -- classification KW - Sodium -- adverse effects KW - Food Labeling -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68631004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=Food+labeling%3B+nutrient+content+claims%2C+definition+of+sodium+levels+for+the+term+%22healthy.%22+Final+rule.&rft.au=Food+and+Drug+Administration%2C+HHS&rft.aulast=Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aufirst=HHS&rft.date=2005-09-29&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=188&rft.spage=56828&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioterrorism and mass casualty preparedness in hospitals: United States, 2003. AN - 68685173; 16220875 AB - This study examined the content of hospital terrorism preparedness emergency response plans; whether those plans had been updated since September 11, 2001; collaboration of hospitals with outside organizations; clinician training in the management of biological, chemical, explosive, and nuclear exposures; drills on the response plans; and equipment and bed capacity. The National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) is an annual survey of a probability sample of approximately 500 non-Federal general and short-stay hospitals in the United States. A Bioterrorism and Mass Casualty Supplement was included in the 2003 survey and provided the data for this analysis. Almost all hospitals have plans for responding to natural disasters (97.3 percent). Most have plans for responding to chemical (85.5 percent), biological (84.8 percent), nuclear or radiological (77.2 percent), and explosive incidents (76.9 percent). About three-quarters of hospitals were integrated into community-wide disaster plans (76.4 percent), and 75.9 percent specifically reported a cooperative planning process with other local health care facilities. Despite these plans, only 46.1 percent reported written memoranda of understanding with these facilities to accept inpatients during a declared disaster. Hospitals varied widely in their plans for re-arranging schedules and space in the event of a disaster. Training for hospital incident command and smallpox, anthrax, chemical, and radiological exposures was ahead of training for other infectious diseases. The percentage of hospitals training their staff in any exposure varied from 92.1 percent for nurses to 49.2 percent for medical residents. Drills for natural disasters occurred more often than those for chemical, biological, explosive, nuclear, and epidemic incidents. More hospitals staged drills for biological attacks than for severe epidemics. Despite explosions being the most common form of terrorism, drills for these were staged by only one-fifth of hospitals. Hospitals collaborated on drills most often with emergency medical services, fire departments, and law enforcement agencies. JF - Advance data AU - Niska, Richard W AU - Burt, Catharine W AD - Division of Health Care Statistics, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, USA. Y1 - 2005/09/27/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 27 SP - 1 EP - 14 IS - 364 SN - 0147-3956, 0147-3956 KW - Health administration KW - United States KW - Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems KW - Equipment and Supplies KW - Organizational Policy KW - Interinstitutional Relations KW - Humans KW - Inservice Training -- statistics & numerical data KW - Medical Staff, Hospital -- education KW - Hospital Planning -- statistics & numerical data KW - Disaster Planning -- statistics & numerical data KW - Disaster Planning -- organization & administration KW - Health Care Surveys KW - Disasters KW - Bioterrorism KW - Emergency Medical Services -- organization & administration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68685173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advance+data&rft.atitle=Bioterrorism+and+mass+casualty+preparedness+in+hospitals%3A+United+States%2C+2003.&rft.au=Niska%2C+Richard+W%3BBurt%2C+Catharine+W&rft.aulast=Niska&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-09-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=364&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advance+data&rft.issn=01473956&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of anatomical and kinetic models in the evaluation of human food additive safety. AN - 68892832; 16353912 AB - Toxicological testing in animals is relied upon as a surrogate for clinical testing of most food additives. Both animal and human clinical test results are generally available for direct additives when high levels of exposure are expected. Limited animal studies or in vitro test results may be the only sources of toxicological data available when low levels of exposure (microg/person/day) are expected and where no effects of the additive on the food itself are desired. Safety assessment of such materials for humans requires mathematical extrapolation from any effects observed in test animals to arrive at acceptable daily intakes (ADIs) for humans. Models of anatomy may be used to estimate tissue and organ weights where that information is missing and necessary for evaluation of a data set. The effect of growth on target tissue exposure during critical phases of organ development can be more accurately assessed when models of growth and known physiological changes are combined with pharmacokinetic results for test species. Kinetic models, when combined with limited chemical property, kinetic, and distribution data, can often be used to predict steady-state plasma and tissue levels of a test material over the range of doses employed in chronic studies to aid in interpretation of effects that are often nonlinear with respect to delivered dose. A better understanding of the reasons for nonlinearity of effects in animals improves our confidence in extrapolation to humans. JF - The AAPS journal AU - Roth, William L AD - US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA. wroth@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/09/22/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 22 SP - E328 EP - E334 VL - 7 IS - 2 KW - Food Additives KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Species Specificity KW - Food Additives -- adverse effects KW - Models, Biological KW - Models, Anatomic KW - Food Additives -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68892832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+AAPS+journal&rft.atitle=Use+of+anatomical+and+kinetic+models+in+the+evaluation+of+human+food+additive+safety.&rft.au=Roth%2C+William+L&rft.aulast=Roth&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-09-22&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=E328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+AAPS+journal&rft.issn=1550-7416&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-04-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arzneimittelforschung. 1963 Oct;13:841-51 [14196758] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1965 Jan;34:21-41 [14287280] Growth. 1972 Sep;36(3):195-208 [4651634] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1983 Sep;3(3):224-38 [6356243] Risk Anal. 1993 Oct;13(5):531-43 [8259443] J Nutr. 1961 Oct;75:197-210 [14494200] Toxicol Ind Health. 1997 Jul-Aug;13(4):407-84 [9249929] Teratology. 1997 Jun;55(6):373-80 [9294882] Toxicol Sci. 1999 May;49(1):102-9 [10367347] J Lab Clin Med. 1951 Mar;37(3):342-52 [14824657] Int J Biomed Comput. 1995 Jun;39(3):337-47 [7490167] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Value of PK/PD to Estimate Dosage Regimens for Evaluation in Phase 2/3 Clinical Trials T2 - 45th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy AN - 40092379; 3987112 JF - 45th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy AU - Bonapace Y1 - 2005/09/21/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 21 KW - Clinical trials KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40092379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=45th+Interscience+Conference+on+Antimicrobial+Agents+and+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Value+of+PK%2FPD+to+Estimate+Dosage+Regimens+for+Evaluation+in+Phase+2%2F3+Clinical+Trials&rft.au=Bonapace&rft.aulast=Bonapace&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-09-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=45th+Interscience+Conference+on+Antimicrobial+Agents+and+Chemotherapy&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.icaac.org/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas-phase chemistry of (alpha-terpineol with ozone and OH radical: rate constants and products. AN - 68655550; 16201614 AB - A bimolecular rate constant, kOH+alpha-terpineol, of (1.9 +/- 0.5) x 10(-10) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1) was measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and the relative rate technique for the reaction of the hydroxyl radical (OH) with alpha-terpineol (1-methyl-4-isopropyl-1-cyclohexen-8-ol) at (297 +/- 3) K and 1 atm total pressure. Additionally, a bimolecular rate constant, kO3+alpha-terpineol, of (3.0 +/- 0.2) x 10(-16) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1) was measured by monitoring the first order decrease in ozone concentration as a function of excess alpha-terpineol. To better understand alpha-terpineol's gas-phase transformation in the indoor environment, the products of the alpha-terpineol + OH and alpha-terpineol + 03 reactions were also investigated. The positively identified alpha-terpineol/OH reaction products were acetone, ethanedial (glyoxal, HC(=O)C(=O)H), and 2-oxopropanal (methyl glyoxal, CH3C(=O)C(=O)H). The positively identified alpha-terpineol/O3 reaction product was 2-oxopropanal (methyl glyoxal, CH3C(=O)C(=O)H). The use of derivatizing agents O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentalfluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine (PFBHA) and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) clearly indicated that several other reaction products were formed. The elucidation of these other reaction products was facilitated by mass spectrometry of the derivatized reaction products coupled with plausible alpha-terpineol/OH and alpha-terpineol/O3 reaction mechanisms based on previously published volatile organic compound/ OH and volatile organic compound/O3 gas-phase reaction mechanisms. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Wells, J R AD - Exposure Assessment Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. ozw0@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/09/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 15 SP - 6937 EP - 6943 VL - 39 IS - 18 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Cyclohexenes KW - Hydroxides KW - Hydroxylamines KW - Inorganic Chemicals KW - Monoterpenes KW - Oxidants KW - Oximes KW - Trimethylsilyl Compounds KW - alpha-terpineol KW - 21334LVV8W KW - Hydroxyl Radical KW - 3352-57-6 KW - Florox Reagent KW - 57981-02-9 KW - N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide KW - 5T8NA426KZ KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Pyruvaldehyde KW - 722KLD7415 KW - Hydrogen KW - 7YNJ3PO35Z KW - hydroxide ion KW - 9159UV381P KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Pyruvaldehyde -- chemistry KW - Hydroxylamines -- analysis KW - Hydroxides -- analysis KW - Temperature KW - Trimethylsilyl Compounds -- analysis KW - Kinetics KW - Oximes -- analysis KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Models, Chemical KW - Oxidants -- analysis KW - Pressure KW - Time Factors KW - Hydrogen -- analysis KW - Monoterpenes -- chemistry KW - Hydroxyl Radical -- analysis KW - Ozone -- chemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68655550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Gas-phase+chemistry+of+%28alpha-terpineol+with+ozone+and+OH+radical%3A+rate+constants+and+products.&rft.au=Wells%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-09-15&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=6937&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approval summary for erlotinib for treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer after failure of at least one prior chemotherapy regimen. AN - 68587670; 16166415 AB - To describe the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) review and approval of erlotinib (Tarceva, OSI Pharmaceuticals, Melville, NY) for treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after failure of at least one prior chemotherapy regimen. The FDA reviewed raw data in electronic format from a randomized controlled clinical trial comparing erlotinib with placebo in patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC after failure of at least one prior chemotherapy regimen. Patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio (erlotinib, n = 488 and placebo, n = 243). Erlotinib was superior to placebo for survival, progression-free survival, and tumor response rate. Exploratory analyses indicate that epidermal growth factor receptor status may be an important predictor of the erlotinib survival effect. Rash (75% versus 17%) and diarrhea (54% versus 18%) in the erlotnib and placebo group respectively were the most common adverse events. Severe rash occurred in 9% and severe diarrhea in 6% of erlotinib-treated patients and each resulted in study discontinuation in 1% of patients. Dose reductions were required for 10% of patients with rash and 4% of patients with diarrhea. On November 18, 2004, the FDA granted erlotinib regular approval for treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC after failure of at least one prior chemotherapy regimen. The applicant has committed to conduct post-marketing clinical trials to assess further the effect of epidermal growth factor receptor expression, measured with immunohistochemical staining, on erlotinib treatment effect. JF - Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Johnson, John R AU - Cohen, Martin AU - Sridhara, Rajeshwari AU - Chen, Yeh-Fong AU - Williams, Gene M AU - Duan, John AU - Gobburu, Jogarao AU - Booth, Brian AU - Benson, Kimberly AU - Leighton, John AU - Hsieh, Li Shan AU - Chidambaram, Nallalerumal AU - Zimmerman, Paul AU - Pazdur, Richard AD - Division of Oncology Drug Products (HFD-150), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20857, USA. Johnsonj@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/09/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 15 SP - 6414 EP - 6421 VL - 11 IS - 18 SN - 1078-0432, 1078-0432 KW - Protein Kinase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Quinazolines KW - Erlotinib Hydrochloride KW - DA87705X9K KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Treatment Failure KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Humans KW - Quality of Life KW - Exanthema -- chemically induced KW - Diarrhea -- chemically induced KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Protein Kinase Inhibitors -- therapeutic use KW - Protein Kinase Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Adult KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Neoplasm Metastasis KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Survival Analysis KW - Drug Approval KW - Lung Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Quinazolines -- therapeutic use KW - Quinazolines -- adverse effects KW - Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung -- drug therapy KW - Lung Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68587670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Approval+summary+for+erlotinib+for+treatment+of+patients+with+locally+advanced+or+metastatic+non-small+cell+lung+cancer+after+failure+of+at+least+one+prior+chemotherapy+regimen.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+John+R%3BCohen%2C+Martin%3BSridhara%2C+Rajeshwari%3BChen%2C+Yeh-Fong%3BWilliams%2C+Gene+M%3BDuan%2C+John%3BGobburu%2C+Jogarao%3BBooth%2C+Brian%3BBenson%2C+Kimberly%3BLeighton%2C+John%3BHsieh%2C+Li+Shan%3BChidambaram%2C+Nallalerumal%3BZimmerman%2C+Paul%3BPazdur%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-09-15&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=6414&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10780432&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Review of Human Data on Effects of DDT, and Some New Results T2 - 17th Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE 2005) AN - 39791633; 4025673 JF - 17th Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE 2005) AU - Longnecker, M P Y1 - 2005/09/13/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 13 KW - DDT KW - Reviews KW - Insecticides KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39791633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=17th+Conference+of+the+International+Society+for+Environmental+Epidemiology+%28ISEE+2005%29&rft.atitle=Review+of+Human+Data+on+Effects+of+DDT%2C+and+Some+New+Results&rft.au=Longnecker%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Longnecker&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-09-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=17th+Conference+of+the+International+Society+for+Environmental+Epidemiology+%28ISEE+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.epidem.com/pt/re/epidemiology/currenttoc.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Addressing the Potential Environmental and Human Health Impact of Engineered Nanomaterials T2 - 17th Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE 2005) AN - 39702339; 4025989 JF - 17th Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE 2005) AU - Maynard, A D Y1 - 2005/09/13/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 13 KW - Public health KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39702339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=17th+Conference+of+the+International+Society+for+Environmental+Epidemiology+%28ISEE+2005%29&rft.atitle=Addressing+the+Potential+Environmental+and+Human+Health+Impact+of+Engineered+Nanomaterials&rft.au=Maynard%2C+A+D&rft.aulast=Maynard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-09-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=17th+Conference+of+the+International+Society+for+Environmental+Epidemiology+%28ISEE+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.epidem.com/pt/re/epidemiology/currenttoc.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - An Overview of DDT World Policy T2 - 17th Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE 2005) AN - 39648183; 4025672 JF - 17th Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE 2005) AU - Longnecker, M P Y1 - 2005/09/13/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 13 KW - DDT KW - Reviews KW - Insecticides KW - Policies KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39648183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=17th+Conference+of+the+International+Society+for+Environmental+Epidemiology+%28ISEE+2005%29&rft.atitle=An+Overview+of+DDT+World+Policy&rft.au=Longnecker%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Longnecker&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-09-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=17th+Conference+of+the+International+Society+for+Environmental+Epidemiology+%28ISEE+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.epidem.com/pt/re/epidemiology/currenttoc.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Differential Gene Profiles in Developing Embryo and Fetus After in Utero Exposure to Ethanol T2 - 42nd Congress of the European Societies of Toxicology (EUROTOX 2005) AN - 39979480; 3976181 JF - 42nd Congress of the European Societies of Toxicology (EUROTOX 2005) AU - Kwack, S J AU - Lee, R D AU - Kim, S S AU - Rhee, G S AU - Seok, J H AU - Chae, S Y AU - Kang, J S AU - Ju, H-Y AU - Lee, S H AU - Cho, D H Y1 - 2005/09/11/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 11 KW - Fetuses KW - Embryonic development KW - Ethanol KW - Intrauterine exposure KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39979480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=42nd+Congress+of+the+European+Societies+of+Toxicology+%28EUROTOX+2005%29&rft.atitle=Differential+Gene+Profiles+in+Developing+Embryo+and+Fetus+After+in+Utero+Exposure+to+Ethanol&rft.au=Kwack%2C+S+J%3BLee%2C+R+D%3BKim%2C+S+S%3BRhee%2C+G+S%3BSeok%2C+J+H%3BChae%2C+S+Y%3BKang%2C+J+S%3BJu%2C+H-Y%3BLee%2C+S+H%3BCho%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Kwack&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-09-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=42nd+Congress+of+the+European+Societies+of+Toxicology+%28EUROTOX+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.eurotox2005.org/eurotox/index.jsp?place=Menu01&news_cat_id=-1&la yout=0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of the nitrogen mustard mechlorethamine in topical pharmaceutical preparations by high-performance liquid chromatography. AN - 68494484; 16106707 AB - Mechlorethamine in topical pharmaceutical formulations was derivatized with benzenethiol to form the disubstitution product and analyzed by normal-phase HPLC on silica gel using dibutyl phthalate as an internal standard. The derivatization reaction, purification, and isolation were conveniently performed in a single test tube. Analyses were successfully performed on three types of ointment formulations: anhydrous hydrophobic petrolatum-based ointments, anhydrous hydrophilic ointments, and hydrous hydrophilic ointments. Precision for the analysis of mechlorethamine standard or mechlorethamine in ointments ranged from 0.08 to 0.52% RSD (n = 6). Recoveries from ointments spiked with 0.02% mechlorethamine hydrochloride were 98.4-100.4%. The chromatograms were clean, showing minimal or no interference from ointment excipients or reagents. JF - Journal of chromatography. A AU - Reepmeyer, John C AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, St. Louis, MO 63101, USA. reepmeyerj@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/09/02/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 02 SP - 262 EP - 269 VL - 1085 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - 0 KW - Phenols KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds KW - Mechlorethamine KW - 50D9XSG0VR KW - thiophenol KW - 7K011JR4T0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds -- chemistry KW - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet KW - Phenols -- chemistry KW - Administration, Topical KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- administration & dosage KW - Mechlorethamine -- chemistry KW - Mechlorethamine -- analysis KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- chemistry KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68494484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+the+nitrogen+mustard+mechlorethamine+in+topical+pharmaceutical+preparations+by+high-performance+liquid+chromatography.&rft.au=Reepmeyer%2C+John+C&rft.aulast=Reepmeyer&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-09-02&rft.volume=1085&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination and confirmation of malachite green and leucomalachite green residues in salmon using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry with no-discharge atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. AN - 69049024; 16385980 AB - A liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method was developed to quantitate and confirm residues of leucomalachite green (LMG) in salmon tissue after their conversion to chromic malachite green (MG) in the extraction process. The method uses no-discharge atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) in conjunction with an ion-trap instrument to generate product-ion spectra. In the sample preparation procedure, salmon tissue is extracted with acetonitrile/buffer, the LMG residue is partitioned into methylene chloride, the LMG is converted to MG using an organic oxidizing agent, and the MG is isolated on alumina/propylsulfonic acid solid-phase extraction cartridges. The method was validated by fortifying salmon with different levels of LMG, and then detecting the residue as MG The LC/MS conditions, including a comparison of electrospray and no-discharge APCI, were evaluated and optimized. MG was not confirmed in any of the control tissue extracts, and all fortified samples analyzed during validation met the confirmation criteria as described. In addition to providing confirmatory data, this method can provide an alternative method for quantitation of MG in salmon. The recoveries of LMG measured as MG by this LC/MS method, at fortification levels of 1-10 ng/g were very high (86-109%), with low relative standard deviation(RSD) values (6.4-13%). The results agreed very closely with those obtained for the same extracts using an LCNIS procedure, indicating that matrix suppression was not an issue. The presence of LMG in salmon tissue samples fortified at 0.25 ng/g was confirmed by this method, with an average recovery of 70.1% and an RSD of 12.0%. Sample extracts from fish exposed to MG were also analyzed. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Turnipseed, Sherri B AU - Andersen, Wendy C AU - Roybal, José E AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Animal Drugs Research Center, P.O. Box 25087, Denver, CO 80225-0087, USA. sherri.turnipseed@fda.hhs.gov PY - 2005 SP - 1312 EP - 1317 VL - 88 IS - 5 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Aniline Compounds KW - 0 KW - Rosaniline Dyes KW - malachite green KW - 12058M7ORO KW - leucomalachite green KW - 8U61G37Z20 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Reference Standards KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Salmon KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Aniline Compounds -- analysis KW - Fish Products -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- standards KW - Rosaniline Dyes -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69049024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Determination+and+confirmation+of+malachite+green+and+leucomalachite+green+residues+in+salmon+using+liquid+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry+with+no-discharge+atmospheric+pressure+chemical+ionization.&rft.au=Turnipseed%2C+Sherri+B%3BAndersen%2C+Wendy+C%3BRoybal%2C+Jos%C3%A9+E&rft.aulast=Turnipseed&rft.aufirst=Sherri&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1312&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-28 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of 112 halogenated pesticides using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring. AN - 69048977; 16385996 AB - A procedure for the analysis of 112 halogenated pesticides that do not contain phosphorus has been developed. The procedure uses gas chromatography with a mass selective detector (GC-MSD), electron impact ionization, and selected-ion monitoring. This GC-MSD procedure provided lower limits of quantitation and provided increased confirmational data compared to the traditional element-selective GC procedures that are commonly used for the detection of this class of pesticides. These analytical improvements were demonstrated by the 25 pesticides that were detected at < or =50 ng/g levels in a variety of fruit and vegetable matrixes using this procedure that were missed by the traditional element selective GC procedures. Validation of the procedure was performed using 20 representative target pesticides with an acetone extraction and a solid-phase extraction cleanup. These target pesticides were used to demonstrate repeatability and linearity of the chromatographic response and recovery from fruit and vegetable matrixes. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Mercer, Gregory E AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Pacific Regional Laboratory Northwest, 22201 23rd Dr SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA. greg.mercer@fda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 1452 EP - 1462 VL - 88 IS - 5 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Fragaria -- chemistry KW - Capsicum -- chemistry KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Daucus carota -- chemistry KW - Lettuce -- chemistry KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Pesticides -- classification KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69048977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Determination+of+112+halogenated+pesticides+using+gas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry+with+selected+ion+monitoring.&rft.au=Mercer%2C+Gregory+E&rft.aulast=Mercer&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-28 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid extraction of aflatoxin from creamy and crunchy peanut butter. AN - 69048762; 16385986 AB - A rapid extraction technique was developed for the isolation and subsequent liquid chromatographic determination of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 in creamy and crunchy peanut butter. Peanut buftter samples were extracted with a methanol 15% sodium chloride (7 + 3) solution followed by a second extraction with methanol. The extract was subjected to a cleanup using a Vicam Aflatest immunoaffinity column. Control samples for both smooth and crunchy peanut butter were fortified at 4 different levels for aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2. The average aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2 recoveries from smooth peanut buffer were 95.2, 89.9, 94.1, and 62.4%, respectively, and 92.4, 84.3, 85.5, and 53.7%, respectively, from crunchy peanut butter. This extraction method and the official AOAC Method 991.31 produced comparable results for peanut butter samples. This method provides a rapid, specific, and easily controlled assay for the analysis of aflatoxins in peanut butter with minimal solvent usage. Organic solvent consumption was decreased by 85% and hazardous waste production was decreased by 80% in comparison with the AOAC method. Along with the decreased solvent consumption, significant savings in time were observed. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Vega, Victor A AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Southeast Regional Laboratory, 60 8th St, NE, Atlanta, GA 30309, USA. vvega@ora.fda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 1383 EP - 1386 VL - 88 IS - 5 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Aflatoxins KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Solvents KW - Index Medicus KW - Solvents -- supply & distribution KW - Reference Standards KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Arachis -- chemistry KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Aflatoxins -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69048762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Rapid+extraction+of+aflatoxin+from+creamy+and+crunchy+peanut+butter.&rft.au=Vega%2C+Victor+A&rft.aulast=Vega&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-28 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liquid chromatographic determination of malachite green and leucomalachite green (LMG) residues in salmon with in situ LMG oxidation. AN - 69048733; 16385977 AB - A liquid chromatography (LC) method is presented for the quantitative determination of malachite green (MG) in salmon. MG and leucomalachite green (LMG) residues were extracted from salmon tissue with ammonium acetate buffer and acetonitrile, and then isolated by partitioning into dichloromethane. LMG was quantitatively oxidized to the chromic MG by reaction with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone. Samples were then cleaned up by solid-phase extraction with alumina and propylsulfonic acid phases. Extracts were analyzed for MG by LC with visible detection at 618 nm using isocratic elution and a C18 column. The method was validated in 35 farm-raised salmon (Salmo salar) tissues fortified at 1, 2, 4, and 10 ng/g (ppb) with an average recovery of 95.4% and a relative standard deviation of +/- 11.1%, and in 5 canned salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) samples fortified at 10 ng/g with an average recovery of 88.9 +/- 2.6%. This study also included the determination of MG and LMG residues in tissues from salmon that had been treated with MG MG was quantitatively determined at the method detection limit of 1 ng/g. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Andersen, Wendy C AU - Roybal, José E AU - Turnipseed, Sherri B AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Animal Drugs Research Center, Denver Federal Center, P.O. Box 25087, Denver, CO 80225-0087, USA. wendy.andersen@fda.hhs.gov PY - 2005 SP - 1292 EP - 1298 VL - 88 IS - 5 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Aniline Compounds KW - 0 KW - Rosaniline Dyes KW - malachite green KW - 12058M7ORO KW - leucomalachite green KW - 8U61G37Z20 KW - Aluminum Oxide KW - LMI26O6933 KW - Index Medicus KW - Salmon KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Aluminum Oxide -- analysis KW - Food Analysis -- standards KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Aniline Compounds -- analysis KW - Fish Products -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- standards KW - Rosaniline Dyes -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69048733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Liquid+chromatographic+determination+of+malachite+green+and+leucomalachite+green+%28LMG%29+residues+in+salmon+with+in+situ+LMG+oxidation.&rft.au=Andersen%2C+Wendy+C%3BRoybal%2C+Jos%C3%A9+E%3BTurnipseed%2C+Sherri+B&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-28 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurohistochemical biomarkers of the marine neurotoxicant, domoic acid. AN - 68721331; 16203121 AB - Domoic acid and its potent excitotoxic analogues glutamic acid and kainic acid, are synthesized by marine algae such as seaweed and phytoplankton. During an algal bloom, domoic acid may enter the food web through its consumption by a variety of marine organisms held in high regard as seafoods by both animals and humans. These seafoods include clams, mussels, oysters, anchovies, sardines, crabs, and scallops, among others. Animals, such as pelicans, cormorants, loons, grebes, sea otters, dolphins, and sea lions, which consume seafood contaminated with domoic acid, suffer disorientation and often death. Humans consuming contaminated seafood may suffer seizures, amnesia and also sometimes death. In addition to analytical measurement of domoic acid exposure levels in algae and/or seafood, it is useful to be able to identify the mode of toxicity through post-mortem evaluation of the intoxicated animal. In the present study, using the rat as an animal model of domoic acid intoxication, we compared histochemical staining of the limbic system and especially the hippocampus with degeneration-selective techniques (Fluoro-Jade and silver), a conventional Nissl stain for cytoplasm (Cresyl violet), a myelin-selective stain (Black-Gold), an astrocyte-specific stain (glial fibrillary acidic protein), early/immediate gene responses (c-Fos and c-Jun), as well as for heat shock protein (HSP-72) and blood-brain barrier integrity (rat IgG). The results demonstrate that the degeneration-selective stains are the biomarkers of domoic acid neurotoxicity that are the most useful and easy to discern when screening brain sections at low magnification. We also observed that an impairment of blood-brain barrier integrity within the piriform cortex accompanied the onset of domoic acid neurotoxicity. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Scallet, Andrew C AU - Schmued, Larry C AU - Johannessen, Jan N AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA 3900 NCTR Drive, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA. AScallet@nctr.fda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 745 EP - 752 VL - 27 IS - 5 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Black-Gold KW - 0 KW - Coloring Agents KW - Fluoresceins KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Heat-Shock Proteins KW - Neurotoxins KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Phosphates KW - fluoro jade KW - domoic acid KW - M02525818H KW - Kainic Acid KW - SIV03811UC KW - Index Medicus KW - Heat-Shock Proteins -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Nerve Degeneration -- chemically induced KW - Genes, Immediate-Early KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Dentate Gyrus -- pathology KW - Nerve Degeneration -- pathology KW - Silver Staining KW - Myelin Sheath -- metabolism KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Blood-Brain Barrier KW - Kainic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Nervous System Diseases -- pathology KW - Kainic Acid -- toxicity KW - Kainic Acid -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68721331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Neurohistochemical+biomarkers+of+the+marine+neurotoxicant%2C+domoic+acid.&rft.au=Scallet%2C+Andrew+C%3BSchmued%2C+Larry+C%3BJohannessen%2C+Jan+N&rft.aulast=Scallet&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-20 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The determination of nicotine and sulfate in supermarket ground beef adulterated with Black Leaf 40. AN - 68695960; 16225221 AB - In December 2002, approximately 250 lbs. of ground beef was adulterated with nicotine sulfate by a supermarket employee and subsequently sold to the public. Soon afterward, reports of illness associated with ground beef purchased at a single store were identified. Authorities suspected the ground beef was tainted with Black Leaf 40, a banned pesticide containing approximately 40% nicotine as nicotine sulfate. Ground beef submitted to our laboratory was analyzed in concert by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and high performance anion exchange chromatography with suppressed conductivity detection. GC-MS was used to identify the samples that contained nicotine. The nicotine was confirmed and quantitated by HPLC-UV. The sulfate was identified and quantitated by high performance anion exchange chromatography with suppressed conductivity detection. Our analysis revealed that the raw tainted beef contained about 350 mg/kg nicotine free base, a potentially lethal dose of nicotine per serving for an adult. Additionally, we found elevated sulfate levels in the samples that tested positive for nicotine, providing evidence that nicotine sulfate was the probable adulterant. JF - Journal of forensic sciences AU - Dasenbrock, Catherine O AU - Ciolino, Laura A AU - Hatfield, Christine L AU - Jackson, David S AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Forensic Chemistry Center, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA. Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 1134 EP - 1140 VL - 50 IS - 5 SN - 0022-1198, 0022-1198 KW - Anion Exchange Resins KW - 0 KW - Ganglionic Stimulants KW - Insecticides KW - Sulfates KW - Nicotine KW - 6M3C89ZY6R KW - Index Medicus KW - Forensic Medicine KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Humans KW - Foodborne Diseases -- etiology KW - Insecticides -- chemistry KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid -- methods KW - Meat KW - Ganglionic Stimulants -- analysis KW - Sulfates -- analysis KW - Nicotine -- analysis KW - Food Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68695960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+forensic+sciences&rft.atitle=The+determination+of+nicotine+and+sulfate+in+supermarket+ground+beef+adulterated+with+Black+Leaf+40.&rft.au=Dasenbrock%2C+Catherine+O%3BCiolino%2C+Laura+A%3BHatfield%2C+Christine+L%3BJackson%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Dasenbrock&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+forensic+sciences&rft.issn=00221198&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in antimicrobial susceptibility of native Enterococcus faecium in chickens fed virginiamycin. AN - 68566791; 16151077 AB - The extent of transfer of antimicrobial resistance from agricultural environments to humans is controversial. To assess the potential hazard posed by streptogramin use in food animals, this study evaluated the effect of virginiamycin exposure on antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus faecium recovered from treated broilers. Four consecutive broiler feeding trials were conducted using animals raised on common litter. In the first three trials, one group of birds was fed virginiamycin continuously in feed at 20 g/ton, and a second group served as the nontreated control. In the fourth trial, antimicrobial-free feed was given to both groups. Fecal samples were cultured 1 day after chickens hatched and then at 1, 3, 5, and 7 weeks of age. Isolates from each time point were tested for susceptibility to a panel of different antimicrobials. Quinupristin/dalfopristin-resistant E. faecium appeared after 5 weeks of treatment in trial 1 and within 7 days of trials 2 to 4. Following removal of virginiamycin in trial 4, no resistant isolates were detected after 5 weeks. PCR failed to detect vat, vgb, or erm(B) in any of the streptogramin-resistant E. faecium isolates, whereas the msr(C) gene was detected in 97% of resistant isolates. In an experimental setting using broiler chickens, continuous virginiamycin exposure was required to maintain a stable streptogramin-resistant population of E. faecium in the animals. The bases of resistance could not be explained by known genetic determinants. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - McDermott, Patrick F AU - Cullen, Patti AU - Hubert, Susannah K AU - McDermott, Shawn D AU - Bartholomew, Mary AU - Simjee, Shabbir AU - Wagner, David D AD - Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA. Patrick.McDermott@fda.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 4986 EP - 4991 VL - 71 IS - 9 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - Streptogramins KW - Virginiamycin KW - 11006-76-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Food Microbiology KW - Streptogramins -- pharmacology KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests KW - Virginiamycin -- administration & dosage KW - Animal Feed KW - Virginiamycin -- pharmacology KW - Enterococcus faecium -- drug effects KW - Drug Resistance, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Chickens -- microbiology KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Chickens -- growth & development KW - Enterococcus faecium -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68566791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Changes+in+antimicrobial+susceptibility+of+native+Enterococcus+faecium+in+chickens+fed+virginiamycin.&rft.au=McDermott%2C+Patrick+F%3BCullen%2C+Patti%3BHubert%2C+Susannah+K%3BMcDermott%2C+Shawn+D%3BBartholomew%2C+Mary%3BSimjee%2C+Shabbir%3BWagner%2C+David+D&rft.aulast=McDermott&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4986&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: JAMA. 1999 Nov 3;282(17):1613 [10553774] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Jul;43(7):1813-4 [10438336] N Engl J Med. 2001 Oct 18;345(16):1155-60 [11642231] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001 Dec;45(12):3672-3 [11724034] J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002 Dec;50(6):877-82 [12461007] Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Feb 15;36(4):473-81 [12567306] Lancet Infect Dis. 2003 Apr;3(4):241-9 [12679267] Am J Infect Control. 2003 Dec;31(8):481-98 [14647111] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Dec;69(12):7153-60 [14660361] Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Jan 1;38(1):92-8 [14679454] Risk Anal. 2004 Feb;24(1):271-88 [15028017] Lancet. 1988 Jan 2-9;1(8575-6):57-8 [2891921] N Engl J Med. 1988 Jul 21;319(3):157-61 [2968517] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993 Oct;37(10):2119-25 [8257133] J Antimicrob Chemother. 1997 May;39 Suppl A:7-13 [9511056] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Mar;42(3):705-8 [9517958] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1998 Nov 1;168(1):145-51 [9812375] Adv Vet Med. 1999;41:495-515 [9890038] J Clin Microbiol. 2001 Jun;39(6):2298-9 [11376075] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing data mining methods on the VAERS database. AN - 68566287; 15954077 AB - Data mining may enhance traditional surveillance of vaccine adverse events by identifying events that are reported more commonly after administering one vaccine than other vaccines. Data mining methods find signals as the proportion of times a condition or group of conditions is reported soon after the administration of a vaccine; thus it is a relative proportion compared across vaccines, and not an absolute rate for the condition. The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) contains approximately 150 000 reports of adverse events that are possibly associated with vaccine administration. We studied four data mining techniques: empirical Bayes geometric mean (EBGM), lower-bound of the EBGM's 90% confidence interval (EB05), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), and screened PRR (SPRR). We applied these to the VAERS database and compared the agreement among methods and other performance properties, particularly focusing on the vaccine-event combinations with the highest numerical scores in the various methods. The vaccine-event combinations with the highest numerical scores varied substantially among the methods. Not all combinations representing known associations appeared in the top 100 vaccine-event pairs for all methods. The four methods differ in their ranking of vaccine-COSTART pairs. A given method may be superior in certain situations but inferior in others. This paper examines the statistical relationships among the four estimators. Determining which method is best for public health will require additional analysis that focuses on the true alarm and false alarm rates using known vaccine-event associations. Evaluating the properties of these data mining methods will help determine the value of such methods in vaccine safety surveillance. (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety AU - Banks, David AU - Woo, Emily Jane AU - Burwen, Dale R AU - Perucci, Phil AU - Braun, M Miles AU - Ball, Robert AD - The Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 601 EP - 609 VL - 14 IS - 9 SN - 1053-8569, 1053-8569 KW - Vaccines KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) KW - Humans KW - Bayes Theorem KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Statistical KW - Vaccines -- adverse effects KW - Software KW - Databases, Factual -- statistics & numerical data KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68566287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacoepidemiology+and+drug+safety&rft.atitle=Comparing+data+mining+methods+on+the+VAERS+database.&rft.au=Banks%2C+David%3BWoo%2C+Emily+Jane%3BBurwen%2C+Dale+R%3BPerucci%2C+Phil%3BBraun%2C+M+Miles%3BBall%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Banks&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=601&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacoepidemiology+and+drug+safety&rft.issn=10538569&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-30 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in isotretinoin prescribing before and after implementation of the System to Manage Accutane Related Teratogenicity (SMART) risk management program. AN - 68566242; 15892175 AB - To assess changes in isotretinoin prescribing following the implementation of the System to Manage Accutane Related Teratogenicity (SMART) risk management program. Using nationally representative commercial data resources on prescription drug dispensing patterns, surveys of office-based physician practices, and a large, claims database from a pharmacy benefits manager (PBM), we examined the total number of isotretinoin prescriptions (new and refill), prescriber speciality, and patient characteristics (age, gender, severity of acne indication) in the year before (April 2001-March 2002) and the year following (April 2002-March 2003) implementation of the SMART program. In the 12-months prior to SMART, 1 508 000 prescriptions were dispensed for isotretinoin, declining approximately 23% to 1 160 000 prescriptions in the year following SMART. There was little or no change in prescriber specialty, severity of acne, and patient age and gender. SMART may have lead to a decrease in isotretinoin prescriptions. Further research is needed to determine whether the reduced number of isotretinoin prescriptions reflects appropriate use or inhibited use resulting in loss of access to the product's benefits. (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety AU - Mendelsohn, Aaron B AU - Governale, Laura AU - Trontell, Anne AU - Seligman, Paul AD - Office of Drug Safety, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, USA. Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 615 EP - 618 VL - 14 IS - 9 SN - 1053-8569, 1053-8569 KW - Drugs, Generic KW - 0 KW - Keratolytic Agents KW - Teratogens KW - Isotretinoin KW - EH28UP18IF KW - Index Medicus KW - Age Factors KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Drug Utilization KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Adult KW - Risk Management KW - Databases, Factual KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Isotretinoin -- adverse effects KW - Keratolytic Agents -- adverse effects KW - Drug Prescriptions -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68566242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacoepidemiology+and+drug+safety&rft.atitle=Changes+in+isotretinoin+prescribing+before+and+after+implementation+of+the+System+to+Manage+Accutane+Related+Teratogenicity+%28SMART%29+risk+management+program.&rft.au=Mendelsohn%2C+Aaron+B%3BGovernale%2C+Laura%3BTrontell%2C+Anne%3BSeligman%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Mendelsohn&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacoepidemiology+and+drug+safety&rft.issn=10538569&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-30 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SAMHSA's commitment to eliminating the use of seclusion and restraint. AN - 68565346; 16148330 JF - Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.) AU - Curie, Charles G AD - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 1 Choke Cherry Road, Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA. charles.curie@samhsa.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 1139 EP - 1140 VL - 56 IS - 9 SN - 1075-2730, 1075-2730 KW - Bioethics KW - Index Medicus KW - Mental Health Therapies KW - United States KW - Policy Making KW - Humans KW - Hospitals, Psychiatric -- trends KW - Community Participation KW - Forecasting KW - Professional-Patient Relations KW - Mental Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Restraint, Physical KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic -- psychology KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic -- prevention & control KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Patient Isolation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68565346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychiatric+services+%28Washington%2C+D.C.%29&rft.atitle=SAMHSA%27s+commitment+to+eliminating+the+use+of+seclusion+and+restraint.&rft.au=Curie%2C+Charles+G&rft.aulast=Curie&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychiatric+services+%28Washington%2C+D.C.%29&rft.issn=10752730&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Luer-lock misconnects can be deadly. AN - 68563967; 16148805 JF - Nursing AU - Eakle, Melissa AU - Gallauresi, Beverly Albrecht AU - Morrison, Audrey AD - Center for Devices and Radiological Health, FDA, Rockville, MD, USA. Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 73 VL - 35 IS - 9 SN - 0360-4039, 0360-4039 KW - Nursing KW - Fatal Outcome KW - Humans KW - Infusions, Intravenous -- nursing KW - Tracheostomy -- nursing KW - Tracheostomy -- instrumentation KW - Tracheostomy -- adverse effects KW - Medical Errors -- prevention & control KW - Infusions, Intravenous -- instrumentation KW - Medical Errors -- nursing KW - Infusions, Intravenous -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68563967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nursing&rft.atitle=Luer-lock+misconnects+can+be+deadly.&rft.au=Eakle%2C+Melissa%3BGallauresi%2C+Beverly+Albrecht%3BMorrison%2C+Audrey&rft.aulast=Eakle&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nursing&rft.issn=03604039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-14 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photo-induced DNA damage and photocytotoxicity of retinyl palmitate and its photodecomposition products. AN - 68560309; 16149731 AB - Retinyl palmitate (RP) is an ester of retinol (vitamin A) and the predominant form of retinol found endogenously in the skin. We have previously reported that photoirradiation of RP with UVA light resulted in the formation of anhydroretinol (AR), 5,6-epoxyretinyl palmitate (5,6-epoxy-RP) and other photodecomposition products. While AR was formed through an ionic photodissociation mechanism, 5,6-epoxy-RP was formed through a light-mediated, free radical-initiated chain reaction. In the current study, the phototoxicity of RP, AR and 5,6-epoxy-RP in human skin Jurkat T-cells with and without light irradiation was determined using a fluorescein diacetate assay. Under similar conditions, the Comet assay was used to assess damage to cellular DNA. Nuclear DNA was not significantly damaged when the cells were irradiated by UVA plus visible light in the absence of a retinoid; however, when the cells were illuminated with UVA plus visible light in the presence of either RP, 5,6-epoxy-RP or AR (50, 100, 150 and 200 microM), DNA fragmentation was observed. Cell death was observed for retinoid concentrations of 100 microM or higher. When treated with 150 microM of RP, 5,6-epoxy-RP or AR, cell death was 52, 33 and 52%, respectively. These results suggest that RP and its two photodecomposition products, AR and 5,6-epoxy-RP, induce DNA damage and cytotoxicity when irradiated with UVA plus visible light. We also determined that photoirradiation of RP, AR and 5,6-epoxy-RP causes single strand breaks in supercoiled phi chi 174 plasmid DNA. Using a constant dose of UVA light (50 J/cm2), the level of DNA cleavage was highest in the presence of AR, followed by 5,6-epoxy-RP, then RP. The induced DNA strand cleavage was inhibited by NaN3. These results suggest that photoirradiation of RP, 5,6-epoxy-RP and AR with UVA light generates free radicals that initiate DNA strand cleavage. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Yan, Jian AU - Xia, Qingsu AU - Cherng, Shu-Hui AU - Wamer, Wayne G AU - Howard, Paul C AU - Yu, Hongtao AU - Fu, Peter P AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA. yu@ccaix.jsums.edu Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 167 EP - 175 VL - 21 IS - 7-8 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Vitamin A KW - 11103-57-4 KW - retinol palmitate KW - 1D1K0N0VVC KW - anhydrovitamin A KW - 235BBF3K97 KW - Index Medicus KW - Comet Assay KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- toxicity KW - Vitamin A -- analogs & derivatives KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - DNA Damage KW - Vitamin A -- toxicity KW - Sunlight -- adverse effects KW - Dermatitis, Phototoxic -- etiology KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- metabolism KW - Vitamin A -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68560309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=Photo-induced+DNA+damage+and+photocytotoxicity+of+retinyl+palmitate+and+its+photodecomposition+products.&rft.au=Yan%2C+Jian%3BXia%2C+Qingsu%3BCherng%2C+Shu-Hui%3BWamer%2C+Wayne+G%3BHoward%2C+Paul+C%3BYu%2C+Hongtao%3BFu%2C+Peter+P&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-15 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maternal levels of polychlorinated biphenyls in relation to preterm and small-for-gestational-age birth. AN - 68544801; 16135940 AB - In developed countries, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous contaminants of the environment, including foods. Within the range of the resulting low-level exposure, associations of PCBs with lower birth weight have been observed in several studies. To examine further the association of PCBs with birth outcomes, we measured serum levels in 1034 pregnant women who were enrolled in the U.S. Collaborative Perinatal Project in 1959 to 1965 before PCB manufacturing was banned. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio for preterm birth among those with PCB levels of >/=4 microg/L of total PCBs, compared with those with <2 microg/L, was 1.1 (95% confidence interval = 0.6-2.2); for the same exposure contrast, the odds ratio for delivering an infant who was small-for-gestational-age at birth was 1.6 (0.7-3.7). Birth weight and length of gestation were essentially unrelated to PCB level. In these data, maternal levels of PCBs during pregnancy were essentially unrelated to preterm birth, birth weight, or length of gestation. An association of PCBs with small-for-gestational-age birth was observed, but the results were inconclusive and occurred in the absence of an overall decrease in birth weight. JF - Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) AU - Longnecker, Matthew P AU - Klebanoff, Mark A AU - Brock, John W AU - Guo, Xuguang AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. longnecker@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 641 EP - 647 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 1044-3983, 1044-3983 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Prospective Studies KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) KW - Adult KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Infant, Premature KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - Pregnancy KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- blood KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Infant, Small for Gestational Age KW - Premature Birth UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68544801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.atitle=Maternal+levels+of+polychlorinated+biphenyls+in+relation+to+preterm+and+small-for-gestational-age+birth.&rft.au=Longnecker%2C+Matthew+P%3BKlebanoff%2C+Mark+A%3BBrock%2C+John+W%3BGuo%2C+Xuguang&rft.aulast=Longnecker&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.issn=10443983&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-04 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heat shock protein 70 as an indicator of early lung injury caused by exposure to arsenic. AN - 68534829; 16132727 AB - Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of highly conserved proteins that are induced by a number of stresses including toxic metals. Heat shock proteins expression has been reported to be an early and sensitive biomarker of cell stress. Arsenic is a naturally occurring metal that exists widely in the environment and is used in several industries. Exposure to arsenic is associated with the development of pulmonary cancers. We monitored changes in Hsp70 and markers of oxidative injury induced by arsenic in human pulmonary epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Hsp70 protein, mRNA and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were measured after exposing cells to arsenic as markers of injury. Hsp70 protein expression showed significant 7.9-fold and 31.5-fold increase using Western blotting and ELISA assay, respectively, at a 50 microM As(III) with a 12 h exposure and an 12 h recovery time. Hsp70A and Hsp70B mRNA expression showed a two-fold increase and Hsp70C mRNA expression showed a six-fold increase. As(III)-induced Hsp70 protein expression was inhibited significantly by catalase and NAC, indicating mediation of ROS in Hsp70 expression. Intracellular glutathione (GSH) was significantly depleted by As(III) exposure. Lipid peroxidation by-product, 8-isoprostane, was increased six-fold at 24 h exposure to 20 microM As(III). Electron spin resonance and confocal microscope studies also showed As(III)-stimulated ROS generation. These results suggest that cellular injury by arsenic is mediated through ROS generation resulting in the expression of Hsp70. It is possible that Hsp70 may prove to be a sensitive biomarker for arsenic exposure with other markers of oxidative stress in human serum. JF - Molecular and cellular biochemistry AU - Han, Sung Gu AU - Castranova, Vince AU - Vallyathan, Val AD - Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 153 EP - 164 VL - 277 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-8177, 0300-8177 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - DNA, Complementary KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Reactive Nitrogen Species KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - Hydroxyl Radical KW - 3352-57-6 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - DNA, Complementary -- genetics KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Hydroxyl Radical -- metabolism KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Lipid Peroxidation -- drug effects KW - Reactive Nitrogen Species -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Base Sequence KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Antioxidants -- pharmacology KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Lung Injury KW - Oxidative Stress -- drug effects KW - Cell Line KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins -- metabolism KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins -- genetics KW - Arsenic -- toxicity KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Arsenic -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68534829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Heat+shock+protein+70+as+an+indicator+of+early+lung+injury+caused+by+exposure+to+arsenic.&rft.au=Han%2C+Sung+Gu%3BCastranova%2C+Vince%3BVallyathan%2C+Val&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Sung&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biochemistry&rft.issn=03008177&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inappropriate drug combinations among privately insured patients with HIV disease. AN - 68506625; 16116309 AB - The objective of this study was to examine inappropriate drug combinations among privately insured patients with HIV disease. Data were obtained from the MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounter Database for the years 1999 and 2000. Each of the 2110 person-years of data examined in this study represents the claims experience of an enrollee with HIV disease who filled an antiretroviral medication prescription in either 1999 or 2000 for a protease inhibitor or nonnucleoside reverse transcription inhibitor. This study compares the claims experience of patients with HIV who filled a prescription for an inappropriate drug combination as specified in guidelines jointly issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation with the claims experience of patients who did not. An inappropriate drug combination was found in approximately 2% of the person-years of data, and persons who experienced an inappropriate drug combination had higher claims costs. One half of all of the inappropriate drug combinations involved a single lipid-lowering agent (simvastatin). Protease inhibitors decrease the activity of the enzyme that metabolizes simvastatin, and high concentrations of simvastatin have been associated with muscle damage. We found that patients who received protease inhibitors and simvastatin were more likely to experience muscle damage. Persons with HIV have compromised immune systems and often take many medications. Thus, the risk and consequences of medication errors are severe, and both providers and patients should carefully monitor drug regimens to ensure that they are both safe and efficacious. JF - Medical care AU - Hellinger, Fred J AU - Encinosa, William E AD - Center for Delivery Organization and Markets Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA. fhelling@ahrq.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - III53 EP - III62 VL - 43 IS - 9 Suppl SN - 0025-7079, 0025-7079 KW - Anti-HIV Agents KW - 0 KW - Anti-Retroviral Agents KW - Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors KW - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors KW - Simvastatin KW - AGG2FN16EV KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections -- drug therapy KW - Simvastatin -- adverse effects KW - Drug Interactions KW - Humans KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Anti-HIV Agents -- economics KW - Aged KW - AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections -- epidemiology KW - Drug Therapy, Combination KW - Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Safety Management -- methods KW - Logistic Models KW - Adult KW - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors -- economics KW - Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active -- economics KW - Incidence KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Anti-Retroviral Agents -- economics KW - Medication Errors -- prevention & control KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - Drug Prescriptions -- economics KW - Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services -- utilization KW - Medication Errors -- statistics & numerical data KW - HIV Infections -- economics KW - Medication Errors -- economics KW - HIV Infections -- epidemiology KW - Drug Utilization Review KW - Anti-Retroviral Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Prescriptions -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68506625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+care&rft.atitle=Inappropriate+drug+combinations+among+privately+insured+patients+with+HIV+disease.&rft.au=Hellinger%2C+Fred+J%3BEncinosa%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Hellinger&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=9+Suppl&rft.spage=III53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+care&rft.issn=00257079&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-03 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Botulinum toxin type A injections: adverse events reported to the US Food and Drug Administration in therapeutic and cosmetic cases. AN - 68500832; 16112345 AB - Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) (Botox) received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for therapeutic treatment of strabismus and blepharospasm in 1989, cervical dystonia in 2000, and cosmetic treatment of glabellar wrinkles (Botox Cosmetic) in 2002. In 2002 alone there were approximately 1.1 to 1.6 million patients using cosmetic BTA. Our objective was to review adverse event (AE) reporting to the FDA after BTA administration. We reviewed all (therapeutic and cosmetic use) serious (per FDA regulations) AEs reported to the FDA for the 13.5 years since licensure of the product (December 1989-May 2003) and nonserious AEs reported from December 2001 to November 2002. AEs are reported to the FDA through the MedWatch system. We reviewed 1437 AE reports; 406 followed therapeutic use of BTA (217 serious and 189 nonserious) and 1031 followed cosmetic use (36 serious and 995 nonserious). Reported AEs occurred predominantly in female patients, with a median age of 50 years. In the year December 2001 to November 2002, when both serious and nonserious reports were evaluated, the proportion of reports classified as serious was 33-fold higher for therapeutic than for cosmetic cases. The 217 serious AEs reported in therapeutic cases involved a wide spectrum of events and included all 28 reported deaths. Among cosmetic users, no deaths were reported and, of the 36 serious AEs, 30 were included as possible complications in the FDA-approved label. The remaining 6 serious AEs did not display a pattern suggesting a common causal relationship to BTA. Among the 995 cosmetic cases reported to have nonserious AEs, most commonly noted were lack of effect (623, 63%), injection site reaction (190, 19%), and ptosis (111, 11%). Serious AEs were more likely to be reported for therapeutic than for cosmetic use, which may be related to higher doses, complicated underlying diseases, or both. Among cosmetic cases, few serious AEs were reported, and these were predominantly events that were previously recognized in clinical trials of BTA for the labeled use. This study is limited primarily by the incomplete nature of AE reporting by clinicians. Numerous departures from FDA-approved recommendations for drug dose, dilution, handling, site of injection, and storage were noted in these AE reports. JF - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology AU - Coté, Timothy R AU - Mohan, Aparna K AU - Polder, Jacquelyn A AU - Walton, Marc K AU - Braun, M Miles AD - Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 407 EP - 415 VL - 53 IS - 3 KW - Neuromuscular Agents KW - 0 KW - Botulinum Toxins, Type A KW - EC 3.4.24.69 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Product Surveillance, Postmarketing KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Neuromuscular Agents -- adverse effects KW - Botulinum Toxins, Type A -- adverse effects KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68500832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Botulinum+toxin+type+A+injections%3A+adverse+events+reported+to+the+US+Food+and+Drug+Administration+in+therapeutic+and+cosmetic+cases.&rft.au=Cot%C3%A9%2C+Timothy+R%3BMohan%2C+Aparna+K%3BPolder%2C+Jacquelyn+A%3BWalton%2C+Marc+K%3BBraun%2C+M+Miles&rft.aulast=Cot%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Dermatology&rft.issn=1097-6787&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-10 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005 Dec;53(6):1080-2 [16310074] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How "clean" is the cleaning profession? AN - 68499868; 16109813 JF - Occupational and environmental medicine AU - Henneberger, P K AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, M/S H2800 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. pkh0@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 586 EP - 587 VL - 62 IS - 9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Hygiene KW - Housekeeping KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Household Products -- toxicity KW - Occupational Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68499868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.atitle=How+%22clean%22+is+the+cleaning+profession%3F&rft.au=Henneberger%2C+P+K&rft.aulast=Henneberger&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=586&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.issn=1470-7926&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment On: Occup Environ Med. 2005 Sep;62(9):598-606 [16109815] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combined effects of radiation and interleukin-13 receptor-targeted cytotoxin on glioblastoma cell lines. AN - 68498396; 16111594 AB - Interleukin-13 receptor-targeted cytotoxin (IL13-PE38) is highly cytotoxic to human glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Although this molecule is being tested in a multicenter Phase III clinical trial (PRECISE Study) in patients with recurrent disease, the activity of IL13-PE38 when combined with radiation therapy has not been investigated. Cytotoxicity of IL13-PE38 to GBM cell lines was assessed by protein synthesis inhibition and clonogenic assays, and the growth of GBM cells receiving radiation was assessed by thymidine uptake assays. Expression of IL-13 receptor alpha2 (IL-13Ralpha2) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in GBM cells exposed to radiation was assessed by quantitative reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and IL-13R density by radiolabeled IL-13 binding assays. Prior irradiation of GBM cell lines followed by IL13-PE38 treatment did not enhance cytotoxicity; however, concomitant 5 Gy irradiation and IL13-PE38 treatment was highly cytotoxic to T98G, M059K, A172, and LN-229 cell lines as determined by cell viability assays. There was a statistically significant decrease in number of viable cells in IL13-PE38 and irradiated cells compared with irradiated cells alone (p < 0.05) or IL13-PE38 treated cells alone (p < 0.05). In contrast, U251, SN19, and U87MG cell lines did not show any combined effect. These results were confirmed by clonogenic assays. Although three GBM cell lines-U251, SN19, and A172-showed 2.8- to 13.9-fold upregulation of IL-13Ralpha2 mRNA expression at 6-24 h after exposure to 5 Gy radiation, specific binding of radiolabeled IL-13 to these cell lines did not improve. Our results suggest that concomitant radiation therapy and IL13-PE38 treatment may be beneficial for the treatment of patients with GBM. This strategy may be worth exploring in animal models of human glioma. JF - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics AU - Kawakami, Koji AU - Kawakami, Mariko AU - Liu, Qi AU - Puri, Raj K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Biology, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/09/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 01 SP - 230 EP - 237 VL - 63 IS - 1 SN - 0360-3016, 0360-3016 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - 0 KW - Exotoxins KW - IL13RA1 protein, human KW - Immunotoxins KW - Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha1 Subunit KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, Interleukin KW - Receptors, Interleukin-13 KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Humans KW - Tumor Stem Cell Assay -- methods KW - Up-Regulation KW - Exotoxins -- therapeutic use KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- radiation effects KW - Receptors, Interleukin -- metabolism KW - Glioblastoma -- radiotherapy KW - Glioblastoma -- metabolism KW - Bacterial Toxins -- therapeutic use KW - Receptors, Interleukin -- drug effects KW - Immunotoxins -- therapeutic use KW - Glioblastoma -- drug therapy KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68498396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+radiation+oncology%2C+biology%2C+physics&rft.atitle=Combined+effects+of+radiation+and+interleukin-13+receptor-targeted+cytotoxin+on+glioblastoma+cell+lines.&rft.au=Kawakami%2C+Koji%3BKawakami%2C+Mariko%3BLiu%2C+Qi%3BPuri%2C+Raj+K&rft.aulast=Kawakami&rft.aufirst=Koji&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+radiation+oncology%2C+biology%2C+physics&rft.issn=03603016&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk factors for hepatitis B in an outbreak of hepatitis B and D among injection drug users. AN - 68492760; 16049202 AB - During January-April, 2000, 12 cases of acute hepatitis B were reported in Pierce County, Washington, compared with seven in all of 1999. Seven (58.3%) case patients were injection drug users (IDUs), three of whom were coinfected with hepatitis D virus (HDV) and died of fulminant hepatitis. Vaccination clinics were implemented at the local health department and needle exchange program to control the outbreak. We investigated this outbreak to determine risk factors for hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission among IDUs. Hepatitis B cases were ascertained through routine surveillance and prevaccination testing at vaccination clinics. We conducted a case-control study comparing IDU case patients with HBV-susceptible IDUs identified at the vaccination clinics. Fifty-eight case patients were identified during January-December, 2000, 20 (34.5%) of whom were coinfected with HDV. Thirty-eight case patients (65.5%) reported current IDU. In the case-control study, the 17 case patients were more likely than the 141 controls to report having more than one sex partner [odds ratio (OR) =4.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.5-15.0], injecting more than four times a day (OR = 4.5, 95% CI =1.2-15.6) and sharing drug cookers with more than two people (58.8% vs. 14.0%, OR =14.0, 95% CI =2.4-81.5). Results were similar after controlling for syringe sharing in multivariable analysis. IDUs should be vaccinated against hepatitis B and should be advised against sharing drug injection equipment. JF - Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine AU - Bialek, Stephanie R AU - Bower, William A AU - Mottram, Karen AU - Purchase, Dave AU - Nakano, T AU - Nainan, Omana AU - Williams, Ian T AU - Bell, Beth P AD - United States Public Health Service, Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Mail Stop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. sbialek@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 468 EP - 478 VL - 82 IS - 3 SN - 1099-3460, 1099-3460 KW - Index Medicus KW - Acute Disease KW - Sexual Behavior KW - Needle-Exchange Programs KW - Urban Health KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Immunization Programs KW - Adult KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Hepatitis D -- etiology KW - Hepatitis D -- prevention & control KW - Hepatitis B -- prevention & control KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- epidemiology KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous -- complications KW - Disease Outbreaks KW - Hepatitis D -- epidemiology KW - Hepatitis B -- etiology KW - Hepatitis B -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68492760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+urban+health+%3A+bulletin+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Risk+factors+for+hepatitis+B+in+an+outbreak+of+hepatitis+B+and+D+among+injection+drug+users.&rft.au=Bialek%2C+Stephanie+R%3BBower%2C+William+A%3BMottram%2C+Karen%3BPurchase%2C+Dave%3BNakano%2C+T%3BNainan%2C+Omana%3BWilliams%2C+Ian+T%3BBell%2C+Beth+P&rft.aulast=Bialek&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=468&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+urban+health+%3A+bulletin+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Medicine&rft.issn=10993460&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):301-6 [8603266] J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):997-1000 [8603983] J Virol Methods. 1996 Sep;61(1-2):127-34 [8882945] Med J Aust. 1997 Jul 7;167(1):17-20 [9236754] J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1997 Dec 15;16(5):400-6 [9420320] J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998;18 Suppl 1:S25-9 [9663620] Epidemiol Infect. 1998 Aug;121(1):185-91 [9747771] Am J Epidemiol. 1999 Feb 1;149(3):203-13 [9927214] J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Oct 1;22(2):194-9 [10843535] Scand J Infect Dis. 2000;32(3):253-8 [10879594] Am J Public Health. 2000 Jul;90(7):1112-6 [10897190] Subst Use Misuse. 2000 Aug;35(10):1369-83 [10921429] J Urban Health. 2000 Sep;77(3):369-82 [10976611] Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2000 Nov;26(4):703-7 [11097200] Addiction. 2001 Apr;96(4):589-95 [11300962] J Urban Health. 2001 Jun;78(2):264-78 [11419580] MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2001 May 18;50(19):388-90, 399 [11465908] Commun Dis Public Health. 2001 Mar;4(1):60-3 [11467023] J Gen Virol. 2001 Sep;82(Pt 9):2183-9 [11514728] Addiction. 2001 Dec;96(12):1787-97 [11784471] Am J Public Health. 2002 Mar;92(3):385-7 [11867316] Am J Epidemiol. 2002 Apr 1;155(7):645-53 [11914192] Lancet. 1981 Mar 7;1(8219):550-1 [6111645] Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387-95 [6546423] Community Med. 1988 May;10(2):147-55 [3243067] Prog Clin Biol Res. 1993;382:243-50 [8502688] Clin Microbiol Rev. 1993 Jul;6(3):211-29 [8358704] Addiction. 1993 Dec;88(12):1691-7 [8130708] J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Feb;32(2):571-4 [8150980] AIDS. 1995 May;9(5):493-501 [7639975] Am J Public Health. 1995 Nov;85(11):1531-7 [7485666] Am J Public Health. 1996 May;86(5):655-61 [8629715] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benzo(a)pyrene-induced anemia and splenomegaly in NZB/WF1 mice. AN - 67993783; 15936865 AB - Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is a known immunomodulator. At high doses, BaP is immunosuppressive but at low doses it can enhance the immune response. Studies were conducted to determine if BaP would exacerbate the development of autoimmune disease in genetically prone NZB/WF1 mice. Five week old female NZBW/F1 mice were exposed dermally to 5, 20 and 40 mg/kg BaP for 30 days. Vehicle mice were exposed to an acetone:olive oil mixture for 30 days. BaP did not increase total IgG, anti-DNP-HSA or anti-dsDNA antibody levels. However, hematological evaluation revealed a decrease in erythrocyte number, hemoglobin and hematocrit and an increase in mean corpuscular volume and red cell distribution width in the 20 and 40 mg/kg dose groups. Liver and spleen weights were increased in the high dose groups; however, an increase in spleen cell number was not observed. Histopathological evaluation revealed splenic red pulp expansion in a mouse treated with 40 mg/kg BaP. An increase in splenic CFU-e production was observed in mice treated with 20 and 40 mg/kg BaP. A decrease in splenic total B cells, total T cells, CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells was observed in mice treated with 20 and 40 mg/kg BaP. An increase in splenic null cells (non-T, non-B cells) was also observed in the high dose groups, consistent with extramedullary hematopoiesis. Coombs' tests, flow cytometry and an immune-mediated hemolysis assay indicated that the anemia was not autoimmune-mediated. Although no change was observed in the percentage of reticulocytes in these animals, further bone marrow analysis is needed to determine if the anemia is due to bone marrow suppression, possibly caused by BaP exposure, or chemical-induced hemolysis, perhaps contributed to by erythrocyte fragility inherited from a parent strain, NZB, which spontaneously develops autoimmune hemolytic anemia and subsequent splenomegaly. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Booker, C D AU - White, K L AD - Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia, USA. bookerc@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 1423 EP - 1431 VL - 43 IS - 9 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - 0 KW - Immunosuppressive Agents KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cell Count KW - Spleen -- pathology KW - Mice KW - Blood Cell Count KW - Immunosuppressive Agents -- pharmacology KW - Mice, Inbred NZB KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Immunoglobulin G -- biosynthesis KW - Antibody Formation -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary -- drug effects KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- toxicity KW - Anemia -- chemically induced KW - Splenomegaly -- chemically induced KW - Splenomegaly -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67993783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Benzo%28a%29pyrene-induced+anemia+and+splenomegaly+in+NZB%2FWF1+mice.&rft.au=Booker%2C+C+D%3BWhite%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Booker&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long term dietary methoxychlor exposure in rats increases sodium solution consumption but has few effects on other sexually dimorphic behaviors. AN - 67991483; 15989973 AB - Methoxychlor is an insecticide with estrogen-like activity, thus exposure during development might cause sexually dimorphic behavioral alterations. To evaluate this, pregnant rats consumed diets containing 0, 10, 100 or 1000 ppm methoxychlor from gestational day 7, and offspring continued on these diets until postnatal day (PND) 77. Assessments of sexually dimorphic behaviors in offspring indicated that intake of a 3.0% sodium chloride solution was significantly increased (41%) in males and females of the 1000 ppm group. No treatment group differed from controls in open field nor running wheel activity, play behavior, nor 0.3% saccharin solution intake. Offspring of the 1000 ppm group showed significantly decreased body weight, reaching 17% less than controls at PND 77, but not clearly related to their salt solution intake. During pregnancy, 1000 ppm dams consumed 23% less food and weighed 10% less than controls, but this did not affect litter outcomes. These results indicate that in rodents, developmental and chronic exposure to dietary methoxychlor alters the sexually dimorphic behavior of salt-solution intake in young adults of both sexes. Similar behavioral alterations with other xenoestrogens, and the potential for interactions among xenoestrogens, suggest that this report may minimize the true effects of dietary methoxychlor exposure. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Flynn, K M AU - Delclos, K B AU - Newbold, R R AU - Ferguson, S A AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. flynn@adelphi.edu Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 1345 EP - 1354 VL - 43 IS - 9 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Sodium, Dietary KW - Methoxychlor KW - RIA79UD69L KW - Index Medicus KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Birth Weight -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Diet KW - Play and Playthings KW - Female KW - Male KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Methoxychlor -- toxicity KW - Food Preferences -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67991483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Long+term+dietary+methoxychlor+exposure+in+rats+increases+sodium+solution+consumption+but+has+few+effects+on+other+sexually+dimorphic+behaviors.&rft.au=Flynn%2C+K+M%3BDelclos%2C+K+B%3BNewbold%2C+R+R%3BFerguson%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Flynn&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Healthy Start: Mental Health Promotion in Early Childhood Settings AN - 57230574; 200811465 AB - Childcare services are an important part of life for many families. Childcare workers have a vital role in the development of a child's mental health, and yet are often under-trained in this area. This paper describes the implementation, evaluation and sustainability of the Healthy Start program in regional Western Australia, with particular attention to outcomes for childcare workers. Healthy Start aimed to build the capacity of the childcare workforce to promote the mental health of children attending childcare, their families and those working in the childcare sector. A range of strategies was developed and implemented, including mental health literacy training and communication skills training which were delivered to over thirty-five childcare workers. Pre and post-training questionnaires showed that awareness of risk factors, protective factors and referral sources, as well as levels of confidence in discussing mental health issues with parents, increased immediately after training. Baseline and follow-up telephone surveys showed however that the childcare workers' awareness of risk and protective factors was not sustained over a twelve month period. The findings suggested that messages need to be reinforced post-training to retain new knowledge and confidence. As a result, agency partnerships have grown to include a range of early childhood professionals and provide annual training. Adapted from the source document. JF - Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health AU - Farrell, Phillippa AU - Travers, Trish AD - c/o Travers -- Mental Health Promotion, Western Australian Country Health Service, Great Southern Public Health Service, Albany Western Australia Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 PB - Auseinet c/- Flinders University, Adelaide Australia VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1446-7984, 1446-7984 KW - child care, settings approach, mental health literacy, mental health promotion, evaluation KW - Training KW - Mental health promotion KW - Child care centres KW - Early childhood education KW - Child development KW - Carers KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57230574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+e-Journal+for+the+Advancement+of+Mental+Health&rft.atitle=A+Healthy+Start%3A+Mental+Health+Promotion+in+Early+Childhood+Settings&rft.au=Farrell%2C+Phillippa%3BTravers%2C+Trish&rft.aulast=Farrell&rft.aufirst=Phillippa&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+e-Journal+for+the+Advancement+of+Mental+Health&rft.issn=14467984&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.auseinet.com/journal/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2008-06-11 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mental health promotion; Early childhood education; Child care centres; Child development; Training; Carers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground control for highwall mining in the United States AN - 51082638; 2008-084870 JF - International Journal of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Environment AU - Zipf, R K, Jr AU - Mark, C Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 188 EP - 217 PB - Taylor & Francis, Abingdon VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1389-5265, 1389-5265 KW - United States KW - mining KW - mines KW - failures KW - highwall mining KW - slopes KW - hillseams KW - coal mines KW - stability KW - production KW - excavations KW - Mine Safety and Health Administration KW - controls KW - safety KW - blasting KW - mining geology KW - auger mining KW - design KW - pillars KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51082638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Surface+Mining%2C+Reclamation+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Ground+control+for+highwall+mining+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Zipf%2C+R+K%2C+Jr%3BMark%2C+C&rft.aulast=Zipf&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Surface+Mining%2C+Reclamation+and+Environment&rft.issn=13895265&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13895260500165353 L2 - http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/nsme205ekLGgrK1s LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - auger mining; blasting; coal mines; controls; design; excavations; failures; highwall mining; hillseams; Mine Safety and Health Administration; mines; mining; mining geology; pillars; production; safety; slopes; stability; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13895260500165353 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of network analysis to strengthen community partnerships AN - 38221996; 2992737 AB - Community partnerships or networks of collaborating public and nonprofit organizations are an important way of addressing a wide range of problems and needs that communities face. In the academic literature, network analysis has been used to analyze and understand the structure of the relationships that make up multiorganizational partnerships. But this tool is not well-known outside the small group of researchers who study networks, and it is seldom used as a method of assisting communities. This article briefly discusses network analysis and how community leaders can use the results generated by this tool to strengthen relationships among public and nonprofit organizations, thereby building the community's capacity to address critical needs in areas such as health, human services, social problems, and economic development. Reprinted by permission of Blackwell Publishers JF - Public administration review AU - Provan, Keith G AU - Veazie, Mark A AU - Staten, Lisa K AU - Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I AD - University of Arizona ; Indian Health Service Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 603 EP - 613 VL - 65 IS - 5 SN - 0033-3352, 0033-3352 KW - Political Science KW - Non-profit organizations KW - Social organization KW - Public administration KW - Local government KW - Economic development KW - Networks KW - U.S.A. KW - Health services UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38221996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+administration+review&rft.atitle=The+use+of+network+analysis+to+strengthen+community+partnerships&rft.au=Provan%2C+Keith+G%3BVeazie%2C+Mark+A%3BStaten%2C+Lisa+K%3BTeufel-Shone%2C+Nicolette+I&rft.aulast=Provan&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+administration+review&rft.issn=00333352&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8719 9030; 8634; 3907 3483 3921; 5792 10484; 11878 9003; 7506 5551; 10424 567; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differences in Gene Content between Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Isolates and Comparison to Closely Related Serovars Gallinarum and Dublin AN - 20831721; 6527536 AB - Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is often transmitted into the human food supply through eggs of hens that appear healthy. This pathogen became far more prevalent in poultry following eradication of the fowl pathogen S. enterica serovar Gallinarum in the mid-20th century. To investigate whether changes in serovar Enteritidis gene content contributed to this increased prevalence, and to evaluate genetic heterogeneity within the serovar, comparative genomic hybridization was performed on eight 60-year-old and nineteen 10- to 20-year-old serovar Enteritidis strains from various hosts, using a Salmonella-specific microarray. Overall, almost all the serovar Enteritidis genomes were very similar to each other. Excluding two rare strains classified as serovar Enteritidis in the Salmonella reference collection B, only eleven regions of the serovar Enteritidis phage type 4 (PT4) chromosome (sequenced at the Sanger Center) were absent or divergent in any of the other serovar Enteritidis strains tested. The more recent isolates did not have consistent differences from 60-year-old field isolates, suggesting that no large genomic additions on a whole-gene scale were needed for serovar Enteritidis to become more prevalent in domestic fowl. Cross-hybridization of phage genes on the array with related genes in the examined genomes grouped the serovar Enteritidis isolates into two major lineages. Microarray comparisons of the sequenced serovar Enteritidis PT4 to isolates of the closely related serovars Dublin and Gallinarum (biovars Gallinarum and Pullorum) revealed several genomic areas that distinguished them from serovar Enteritidis and from each other. These differences in gene content could be useful in DNA-based typing and in understanding the different phenotypes of these related serovars. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Porwollik, S AU - Santiviago, CA AU - Cheng, P AU - Florea, L AU - McClelland, M AD - Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, 10835 Road to the Cure, San Diego, California 92121. George Washington University, 801 22nd Street NW, Suite 704, Washington, DC 20052, and Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 8301 Muirkirk Rd., Laurel, Maryland 20708 Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 6545 EP - 6555 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 187 IS - 18 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Phages KW - Genomes KW - Poultry KW - Chromosomes KW - Typing KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Food KW - genomics KW - Pathogens KW - Eggs KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing KW - G 07760:Viruses & Phages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20831721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Differences+in+Gene+Content+between+Salmonella+enterica+Serovar+Enteritidis+Isolates+and+Comparison+to+Closely+Related+Serovars+Gallinarum+and+Dublin&rft.au=Porwollik%2C+S%3BSantiviago%2C+CA%3BCheng%2C+P%3BFlorea%2C+L%3BMcClelland%2C+M&rft.aulast=Porwollik&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=6545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Phages; Chromosomes; Poultry; Typing; Food; Pathogens; genomics; Eggs; Salmonella enterica ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methamphetamine-induced neuronal apoptosis involves the activation of multiple death pathways. Review AN - 20179133; 10263172 AB - The abuse of the illicit drug methamphetamine (METH) is a major concern because it can cause terminal degeneration and neuronal cell death in the brain. METH-induced cell death occurs via processes that resemble apoptosis. In the present review, we discuss the role of various apoptotic events in the causation of METH-induced neuronal apoptosisin vitro andin vivo. Studies using comprehensive approaches to gene expression profiling have allowed for the identification of several genes that are up-regulated or down-regulated after an apoptosis-inducing dose of the drug. Further experiments have also documented the fact that the drug can cause demise of striatal enkephalinergic neurons by cross-talks between mitochondria-, endo-plasmic reticulum- and receptor-mediated apoptotic events. These neuropathological observations have also been reported in models of drug-induced neuroplastic alterations used to mimic drug addiction (Nestler, 2001). JF - Neurotoxicity Research AU - Cadet, Jean Lud AU - Jayanthi, Subramaniam AU - Deng, Xiaolin AD - Intramural Research Program, Department of Health and Human Services, Molecular Neuropsychiatry Branch, NIH/NIDA, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, 21224 Baltimore, MD, USA, jcadet@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 199 EP - 206 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Milton Park, Abingdon Oxford OX14 4RN UK, [URL:http://www.taylorandfrancis.co.uk/] VL - 8 IS - 3-4 SN - 1029-8428, 1029-8428 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Apoptosis KW - Brain KW - Mitochondria KW - Drug abuse KW - Neurodegeneration KW - Gene expression KW - Methamphetamine KW - Reviews KW - Neurons KW - Neostriatum KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Drug addiction KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20179133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicity+Research&rft.atitle=Methamphetamine-induced+neuronal+apoptosis+involves+the+activation+of+multiple+death+pathways.+Review&rft.au=Cadet%2C+Jean+Lud%3BJayanthi%2C+Subramaniam%3BDeng%2C+Xiaolin&rft.aulast=Cadet&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicity+Research&rft.issn=10298428&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF03033973 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Methamphetamine; Apoptosis; Neurons; Reviews; Neurotoxicity; Neostriatum; Brain; Mitochondria; Drug addiction; Drug abuse; Neurodegeneration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03033973 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aging-related Correlation of Insulin-degrading Enzyme with gamma -Secretase-generated Products Involving Insulin and Glucose Levels in Transgenic Mice AN - 19843344; 6951928 AB - Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a 110-kDa thiol zinc-methalloendopeptidase that can cleave small A beta peptides and the APP intracellular domain (AICD). The aim of this study was to examine aging-related correlation of IDE with gamma -secretase-generated products involving insulin and glucose levels in transgenic brains expressing neuron-specific enolase (NSE)-controlled human mutant presenilin-2 (hPS2m). Herein, we concluded that the levels of IDE expression in transgenic brains were decreased relative to those of control mice at 15 months of age. In parallel, inhibition in the IDE expression at this age underlies to the levels-up of A beta -42, AICD, gamma -secretase, and glucose with a level-down of insulin. Thus, IDE expression is critical target for the therapeutic trials. JF - Neurochemical Research AU - Hwang, Dae Y AU - Cho, Jung S AU - Kim, Chuel K AU - Shim, Sun B AU - Jee, Seung W AU - Lee, Su H AU - Seo, Su J AU - Cho, Joon Y AU - Lee, Seok H AU - Kim, Yong K AD - National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea FDA, Seoul, 122-704, Korea, kimyongkyu@hanmail.net Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 1171 EP - 1177 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 30 IS - 9 SN - 0364-3190, 0364-3190 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Age KW - Insulysin KW - Alzheimer's disease KW - Brain KW - Glucose KW - Transgenic mice KW - Insulin KW - Amyloid precursor protein KW - Presenilin 2 KW - Thiols KW - beta -Amyloid KW - Secretase KW - Phosphopyruvate hydratase KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - N3 11008:Neurochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19843344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurochemical+Research&rft.atitle=Aging-related+Correlation+of+Insulin-degrading+Enzyme+with+gamma+-Secretase-generated+Products+Involving+Insulin+and+Glucose+Levels+in+Transgenic+Mice&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Dae+Y%3BCho%2C+Jung+S%3BKim%2C+Chuel+K%3BShim%2C+Sun+B%3BJee%2C+Seung+W%3BLee%2C+Su+H%3BSeo%2C+Su+J%3BCho%2C+Joon+Y%3BLee%2C+Seok+H%3BKim%2C+Yong+K&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Dae&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurochemical+Research&rft.issn=03643190&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11064-005-7952-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Insulysin; Alzheimer's disease; Glucose; Brain; Transgenic mice; Insulin; Amyloid precursor protein; Presenilin 2; Thiols; Secretase; beta -Amyloid; Phosphopyruvate hydratase DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-005-7952-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression and Targeting of Interleukin-4 Receptor for Primary and Advanced Ovarian Cancer Therapy AN - 19829078; 6527213 AB - Because the most characteristic property of ovarian cancer is i.p. spread, the majority of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to limited availability of options for curative therapies. With an intent to identify targeted therapeutic approaches, we have observed that similar to 60% of 21 ovarian cancer tissue samples express a high density of interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R), whereas normal ovarian tissues tested (n = 7) expressed no or low levels of IL-4R. To target IL-4R, we have developed IL-4 cytotoxin, in which circular-permuted IL-4 is fused to a mutated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin. This cytotoxin is specifically and highly cytotoxic to PA-1, IGROV-1, and SK-OV3 ovarian carcinoma cell lines in vitro. In addition, it shows remarkable antitumor activities against established s.c. ovarian tumors in immunodeficient animals. i.p. administration of IL-4 cytotoxin in mice with orthotopically implanted ovarian tumors caused regression of established tumors and prevented these animals from tumor metastasis. Continuous i.p. infusion of IL-4 cytotoxin prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice even with bulky disease. These results indicate that IL-4R-targeted cytotoxin may be a useful agent for the management of patients with ovarian cancer, and further studies need to be done to evaluate its safety, tolerability, and efficacy. JF - Cancer Research AU - Kioi, Mitomu AU - Takahashi, Satoru AU - Kawakami, Mariko AU - Kawakami, Koji AU - Kreitman, Robert J AU - Puri, Raj K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Biology, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Laboratory of Biosystems and Cancer, Center for Cancer Research, and Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 8388 EP - 8396 PB - American Association for Cancer Research, 615 Chestnut St., 17th Floor Philadelphia PA 19106-4404 USA, [URL:http://www.aacr.org/] VL - 65 IS - 18 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Interleukin 4 KW - Immunotherapy KW - Cytotoxins KW - Immunodeficiency KW - Pseudomonas KW - Tumors KW - Interleukin 4 receptors KW - Exotoxins KW - Metastases KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Tumor cell lines KW - Receptor density KW - Ovarian carcinoma KW - Antitumor activity KW - F 06152:Tumor Immunology KW - J 02400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19829078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Expression+and+Targeting+of+Interleukin-4+Receptor+for+Primary+and+Advanced+Ovarian+Cancer+Therapy&rft.au=Kioi%2C+Mitomu%3BTakahashi%2C+Satoru%3BKawakami%2C+Mariko%3BKawakami%2C+Koji%3BKreitman%2C+Robert+J%3BPuri%2C+Raj+K&rft.aulast=Kioi&rft.aufirst=Mitomu&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=8388&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Interleukin 4; Cytotoxins; Immunotherapy; Immunodeficiency; Tumors; Interleukin 4 receptors; Exotoxins; Metastases; Tumor cell lines; Cytotoxicity; Receptor density; Ovarian carcinoma; Antitumor activity; Pseudomonas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification, Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of the Gene for Plasmodium knowlesi Surface Protein Containing an Altered Thrombospondin Repeat Domain AN - 19765707; 6517590 AB - Proteins present on the surface of malaria parasites that participate in the process of invasion and adhesion to host cells are considered attractive vaccine targets. Aided by the availability of the partially completed genome sequence of the simian malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi, we have identified a 786-bp DNA sequence that encodes a 262-amino-acid-long protein, containing an altered version of the thrombospondin type I repeat domain (SPATR). Thrombospondin type 1 repeat domains participate in biologically diverse functions, such as cell attachment, mobility, proliferation, and extracellular protease activities. The SPATR from P. knowlesi (PkSPATR) shares 61% and 58% sequence identity with its Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium yoelii orthologs, respectively. By immunofluorescence analysis, we determined that PkSPATR is a multistage antigen that is expressed on the surface of P. knowlesi sporozoite and erythrocytic stage parasites. Recombinant PkSPATR produced in Escherichia coli binds to a human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, suggesting that PkSPATR is a parasite ligand that could be involved in sporozoite invasion of liver cells. Furthermore, recombinant PkSPATR reacted with pooled sera from P. knowlesi-infected rhesus monkeys, indicating that native PkSPATR is immunogenic during infection. Further efficacy evaluation studies in the P. knowlesi-rhesus monkey sporozoite challenge model will help to decide whether the SPATR molecule should be developed as a vaccine against human malarias. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Mahajan, Babita AU - Jani, Dewal AU - Chattopadhyay, Rana AU - Nagarkatti, Rana AU - Zheng, Hong AU - Majam, Victoria AU - Weiss, Walter AU - Kumar, Sanjai AU - Rathore, Dharmendar AD - Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland. Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia. Malaria Program, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 5402 EP - 5409 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 9 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Rhesus macaque KW - Rhesus monkey KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Genomes KW - Molecular modelling KW - Parasites KW - Mobility KW - Hepatocytes KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Thrombospondin KW - Sporozoites KW - Malaria KW - Plasmodium falciparum KW - Immunofluorescence KW - Plasmodium knowlesi KW - Infection KW - Cell adhesion KW - Hepatoma KW - Immunogenicity KW - Escherichia coli KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Plasmodium yoelii KW - Proteinase KW - Vaccines KW - G 07790:Other Microorganisms KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - K 03017:Protozoa UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19765707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Identification%2C+Cloning%2C+Expression%2C+and+Characterization+of+the+Gene+for+Plasmodium+knowlesi+Surface+Protein+Containing+an+Altered+Thrombospondin+Repeat+Domain&rft.au=Mahajan%2C+Babita%3BJani%2C+Dewal%3BChattopadhyay%2C+Rana%3BNagarkatti%2C+Rana%3BZheng%2C+Hong%3BMajam%2C+Victoria%3BWeiss%2C+Walter%3BKumar%2C+Sanjai%3BRathore%2C+Dharmendar&rft.aulast=Mahajan&rft.aufirst=Babita&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=5402&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Parasites; Molecular modelling; Mobility; Hepatocytes; Nucleotide sequence; Sporozoites; Thrombospondin; Malaria; Immunofluorescence; Infection; Cell adhesion; Hepatoma; Immunogenicity; Proteinase; Vaccines; Escherichia coli; Plasmodium yoelii; Macaca mulatta; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium knowlesi ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anthrax lethal toxin represses glucocorticoid receptor (GR) transactivation by inhibiting GR-DNA binding in vivo AN - 19426681; 6689591 AB - Anthrax lethal factor (LF) is a non-competitive repressor of glucocorticoid (GR) and progesterone receptor (PR) transactivation. This repression was shown to be specific and selective and was dependent on promoter context and receptor subtype. Anthrax lethal toxin (LeTx) selectively repressed GR-mediated transactivation but not transrepression. The DNA binding region of GR was required for repression by LeTx and LeTx prevented GR-DNA binding in vivo, which had downstream consequences on polymerase II binding and histone acetylation. In addition, LeTx also prevented the accessory protein C/EBP from binding to a GR- responsive promoter. We hypothesize that LeTx may remove/inactivate one of the many co-factors or accessory proteins that are required to stabilize the GR-DNA complex. These findings enhance the current knowledge of the molecular mechanism by which the anthrax lethal factor represses nuclear hormone receptors and could provide an approach to overcome some of LeTx's effects. JF - Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology AU - Webster, Jeanette I AU - Sternberg, Esther M AD - Section on Neuroendocrine Immunology and Behavior, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rm. 4N14 (MSC 9401), Bethesda, MD 20892-9401, USA, jeanettewebster@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 21 EP - 31 PB - Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd., P.O. Box 85 Limerick Ireland VL - 241 IS - 1-2 SN - 0303-7207, 0303-7207 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Glucocorticoid KW - Receptor KW - Anthrax KW - Lethal factor KW - Lethal toxin KW - Nuclear hormone receptors KW - Repression KW - Molecular modelling KW - Anthrax lethal toxin KW - Histones KW - protein C KW - Nuclear receptors KW - Glucocorticoids KW - Progesterone receptors KW - Acetylation KW - Promoters KW - Glucocorticoid receptors KW - DNA KW - CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein KW - Repressors KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - J 02330:Biochemistry KW - N 14835:Protein-Nucleic Acids Association UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19426681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Endocrinology&rft.atitle=Anthrax+lethal+toxin+represses+glucocorticoid+receptor+%28GR%29+transactivation+by+inhibiting+GR-DNA+binding+in+vivo&rft.au=Webster%2C+Jeanette+I%3BSternberg%2C+Esther+M&rft.aulast=Webster&rft.aufirst=Jeanette&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=241&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+Cellular+Endocrinology&rft.issn=03037207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mce.2005.03.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anthrax lethal toxin; Molecular modelling; Histones; protein C; Nuclear receptors; Lethal factor; Glucocorticoids; Promoters; Acetylation; Progesterone receptors; Glucocorticoid receptors; DNA; Anthrax; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein; Repressors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2005.03.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining Canine Myocardial Area at Risk with Manganese-enhanced MR Imaging AN - 19420841; 6519699 AB - PURPOSE: To test whether manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can safely depict the myocardial area at risk both during coronary artery occlusion and for at least 2 hours after reperfusion in dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All procedures were performed in accordance with the animal care and use committee of the National Institutes of Health. In eight dogs, the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was occluded for 90 minutes, and 15 mu mol of MnCl sub(2) per kilogram of body weight was intravenously infused for 12 minutes. Phase-sensitive inversion-recovery MR imaging of the LAD arterial territory was performed before occlusion, during MnCl sub(2) infusion, and for at least 2 hours after reperfusion. Hemodynamic responses were monitored continuously. Fluorescent microsphere enhancement was used as the reference standard for determining the area at risk ex vivo. Results are reported as percentages of left ventricular area. Correlation, Bland-Altman, and t test analyses were performed. RESULTS: Significant differences in manganese-induced contrast enhancement of the area at risk, the normal myocardium, and the blood (P < .01) were measured during LAD artery occlusion and at least 2 hours after reperfusion. No significant changes in heart rate or blood pressure were detected during or after MnCl sub(2) infusion. Measurements of the area at risk obtained with manganese-enhanced MR imaging during LAD artery occlusion and 2 hours after reperfusion correlated well with the size of the at-risk area demarcated by the fluorescent microspheres (during occlusion: y = 0.81x, R = 0.90; during reperfusion: y = 0.83x, R = 0.89). Bland-Altman analysis revealed small systematic errors in measurements at both occlusion and reperfusion. CONCLUSION: Manganese-enhanced MR imaging can depict the area at risk during LAD artery occlusion and at least 2 hours after reperfusion without hemodynamic compromise. [copy ] RSNA, 2005 JF - Radiology AU - Natanzon, Alex AU - Aletras, Anthony H AU - Hsu, Li-Yueh AU - Arai, Andrew E AD - Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 10 Center Dr, MSC 1061, Bldg 10, Room B1D-416, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061 (A.N., A.H.A., L.Y.H., A.E.A.) Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 859 EP - 866 PB - Radiological Society of North America, 820 Jorie Blvd. Oak Brook Illinois 60523-2251 USA VL - 236 IS - 3 SN - 0033-8419, 0033-8419 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Arteries KW - Heart rate KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - Hemodynamics KW - Blood pressure KW - coronary artery KW - Reperfusion KW - Body weight KW - Occlusion KW - microspheres KW - Myocardium KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19420841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiology&rft.atitle=Determining+Canine+Myocardial+Area+at+Risk+with+Manganese-enhanced+MR+Imaging&rft.au=Natanzon%2C+Alex%3BAletras%2C+Anthony+H%3BHsu%2C+Li-Yueh%3BArai%2C+Andrew+E&rft.aulast=Natanzon&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=236&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiology&rft.issn=00338419&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Occlusion; Reperfusion; Risk assessment; Magnetic resonance imaging; Arteries; Hemodynamics; coronary artery; microspheres; Heart rate; Blood pressure; Body weight; Myocardium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of Diffusion with Partitioning in Stratum Corneum Using a Finite Element Model AN - 19410205; 6492862 AB - Partitioning and diffusion of chemicals in skin is of interest to researchers in areas such as transdermal penetration and drug disposition, either for risk assessment or transdermal delivery. In this study a finite element method is used to model diffusion in the skin's outermost layer, the stratum corneum (SC). The SC is considered to be a finite two-dimensional composite having different diffusivity values in each medium as well as a partition coefficient at the interfaces between media. A commercial finite element package with thermal analysis capabilities is selected due to the flexibility of this software to handle irregular geometries. Partitioning is accommodated through a change of variables technique. This technique is validated by comparison of model results with analytical solutions of steady-state flux, transient concentration profiles, and time lag for diffusion in laminates. Two applications are presented. Diffusion is solved in a two-dimensional "brick and mortar" geometry that is a simplification of human stratum corneum, with a partition coefficient between corneocyte and lipid. Results are compared to the diffusion in multiple laminates to examine effects of the partition coefficient. The second application is the modeling of diffusion with partitioning through an irregular geometry which is obtained from a micrograph of hairless mouse stratum corneum. JF - Annals of Biomedical Engineering AU - Barbero, A M AU - Frasch, H F AD - Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, MS L-3030, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26505, USA, hfrasch@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 1281 EP - 1292 VL - 33 IS - 9 SN - 0090-6964, 0090-6964 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Skin KW - Mathematical models KW - Stratum corneum KW - Lipids KW - Disposition KW - Hairless KW - Diffusion KW - Drugs KW - W 30905:Medical Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19410205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+Diffusion+with+Partitioning+in+Stratum+Corneum+Using+a+Finite+Element+Model&rft.au=Barbero%2C+A+M%3BFrasch%2C+H+F&rft.aulast=Barbero&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.issn=00906964&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10439-005-5591-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diffusion; Stratum corneum; Mathematical models; Skin; Lipids; Computer programs; Risk assessment; Hairless; Disposition; software; Drugs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-005-5591-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Th1-Like Cytokine Induction by Heat-Killed Brucella abortus Is Dependent on Triggering of TLR9 AN - 17660384; 6528168 AB - In this report we provide evidence, for the first time, that bacterial DNA in the context of heat-killed Brucella abortus (HKBA) engages TLR9 in dendritic cells (DC), resulting in a Th1-like cytokine response. This is based on the findings that HKBA induction of IL-12p40 is: 1) abolished in DC from TLR9 super(-/-) mice; 2) blocked by suppressive oligodeoxynucleotides; 3) simulated by bacterial DNA derived from HKBA; and 4) abrogated by DNase or methylation of the DNA from HKBA. Furthermore, the effect of HKBA can be inhibited by chloroquine, indicating that endosomal acidification is required and supporting the notion that DNA from HKBA is interacting with TLR9 at the level of the endosome, as is the case with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides. In addition to DC, HKBA can elicit IL-12p40 secretion from macrophages, in which case the effect is wholly MyD88 dependent but only partially TLR9 dependent. This probably explains why HKBA effects in vivo are only partially reduced in TLR9 super(-/-), but absent in MyD88 super(-/-) mice. Because of their intimate interactions with T cells, the DC response is most likely to be critical for linking innate and adaptive immune responses, whereas the macrophage reaction may play a role in enhancing NK cell and bystander immune responses. In addition to IL-12p40, HKBA induces other Th1-like cytokines, namely, IFN- alpha and IFN- gamma , in a TLR9-dependent manner. These cytokines are important in protection against viruses and bacteria, and their induction enhances HKBA as a potential carrier for vaccines. JF - Journal of Immunology AU - Huang, Li-Yun AU - Ishii, Ken J AU - Akira, Shizuo AU - Aliberti, Julio AU - Golding, Basil AD - Division of Hematology, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892. Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency and Department of Host Defense Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701 Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 3964 EP - 3970 PB - American Association of Immunologists, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3998 USA, [URL:http://www.jimmunol.org/] VL - 175 IS - 6 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - mice KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms KW - F 06500:Immunostimulation: Experimental UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17660384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=Th1-Like+Cytokine+Induction+by+Heat-Killed+Brucella+abortus+Is+Dependent+on+Triggering+of+TLR9&rft.au=Huang%2C+Li-Yun%3BIshii%2C+Ken+J%3BAkira%2C+Shizuo%3BAliberti%2C+Julio%3BGolding%2C+Basil&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Li-Yun&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=175&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3964&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maternal Serum Levels of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) and Time to Pregnancy AN - 17402680; 6516686 AB - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), once used widely in transformers and other applications, and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE), the main metabolite of the pesticide 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), are hormonally active agents. Changes in menstrual cycle functioning associated with PCBs and DDE, and increased odds of spontaneous abortion associated with DDE, suggest that these compounds could affect fertility. The authors investigated the association between PCB and DDE exposure and time to pregnancy by using serum levels measured in 390 pregnant women in the Collaborative Perinatal Project enrolled at 12 study centers in the United States from 1959 to 1965. They estimated adjusted fecundability odds ratios by using Cox proportional hazards modeling for discrete time data. Compared with time to pregnancy for women in the lowest exposure category (PCBs <1.24 mu g/liter, DDE <14 mu g/liter), time to pregnancy increased for women in the highest exposure category in terms of both PCBs (fecundability odds ratio for PCBs greater than or equal to 5.00 mu g/liter = 0.65, 95% confidence interval: 0.36, 1.18) and DDE (fecundability odds ratio for DDE greater than or equal to 60 mu g/liter = 0.65, 95% confidence interval: 0.32, 1.31). Overall, time to pregnancy increased with increasing serum PCB levels but was less suggestive of an association with DDE. Both trends were imprecise and attenuated when expressed on a lipid basis. Overall, evidence of an association between PCB or DDE exposure and time to pregnancy was weak and inconclusive. JF - American Journal of Epidemiology AU - Law, Dionne CGesink AU - Klebanoff, Mark A AU - Brock, John W AU - Dunson, David B AU - Longnecker, Matthew P AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 523 EP - 532 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals Health, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 162 IS - 6 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Fertility KW - Lipids KW - Abortion KW - DDE KW - Metabolites KW - Pregnancy KW - USA KW - Insecticides KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Nitrous oxide KW - Menstrual cycle KW - DDT KW - Pesticides KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - X 24133:Metabolism KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17402680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Maternal+Serum+Levels+of+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls+and+1%2C1-Dichloro-2%2C2-bis%28p-chlorophenyl%29ethylene+%28DDE%29+and+Time+to+Pregnancy&rft.au=Law%2C+Dionne+CGesink%3BKlebanoff%2C+Mark+A%3BBrock%2C+John+W%3BDunson%2C+David+B%3BLongnecker%2C+Matthew+P&rft.aulast=Law&rft.aufirst=Dionne&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertility; polychlorinated biphenyls; Menstrual cycle; Abortion; Lipids; Pesticides; DDT; DDE; Metabolites; PCB; Pregnancy; Insecticides; Nitrous oxide; PCB compounds; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Increase the Susceptibility of Normal Mice to Infection by Candida albicans AN - 17399675; 6517668 AB - Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs trigger an innate immune response that typically increases host resistance to infection. Yet CpG treatment reduces the resistance of normal mice to Candida albicans infection. This effect is mediated by CpG-induced interleukin-12, indicating that CpG-dependent cytokine production may have adverse consequences for the host. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Ito, Shuichi AU - Pedras-Vasconcelos, Joao AU - Klinman, Dennis M AD - Section of Retroviral Immunology. Division of Therapeutic Proteins, CBER/FDA, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 6154 EP - 6156 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 9 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - mice KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Interleukin 12 KW - Candida albicans KW - CpG islands KW - Immune response KW - Infection KW - Oligonucleotides KW - F 06108:Fungi KW - N 14025:RNA/DNA role in infection & immune response KW - W3 33345:DNA vaccines KW - K 03088:Fungi: animal KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17399675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=CpG+Oligodeoxynucleotides+Increase+the+Susceptibility+of+Normal+Mice+to+Infection+by+Candida+albicans&rft.au=Ito%2C+Shuichi%3BPedras-Vasconcelos%2C+Joao%3BKlinman%2C+Dennis+M&rft.aulast=Ito&rft.aufirst=Shuichi&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=6154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Interleukin 12; Immune response; CpG islands; Infection; Oligonucleotides; Candida albicans ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ca super(2+) release from host intracellular stores and related signal transduction during Campylobacter jejuni 81-176 internalization into human intestinal cells AN - 17073488; 6699940 AB - Campylobacter jejuni is the leading bacterial cause of human diarrhoeal disease in many parts of the world, including the USA. The ability of C. jejuni to invade the host intestinal epithelium is an important determinant of virulence. A common theme among pathogenic invasive micro-organisms is their ability to usurp the eukaryotic cell-signalling systems both to allow for invasion and to trigger disease pathogenesis. Ca super(2+) is very important in a great variety of eukaryotic cell-signalling processes (e.g. calmodulin-activated enzymes, nuclear transcriptional upregulation, and cytoskeletal rearrangements). This study analyses the effects of Ca super(2+) availability on invasion of human INT407 intestinal epithelial cells by C. jejuni strain 81-176. The ability of C. jejuni to invade INT407 cells was not blocked by chelation of any remaining extracellular Ca super(2+) from host cells incubated in Ca super(2+)-free, serum-free media. In contrast, C. jejuni invasion was markedly reduced either by chelating host intracellular Ca super(2+) with 1,2-bis-(2-)ethane-N, N, N',N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA, AM) or by blocking the release of Ca super(2+) from intracellular stores with dantrolene or U73122. Moreover, Bay K8644, a plasma-membrane Ca super(2+)-channel agonist, was observed to stimulate C. jejuni invasion, presumably by increasing host intracellular free Ca super(2+) levels. Measurement of host-cell cytosolic Ca super(2+) via spectrofluorimetry and fluorescence microscopy revealed an increase in Ca super(2+) from 10 min post-infection. Monolayer pretreatment with either a calmodulin antagonist or a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C was found to cause a marked reduction in C. jejuni invasion, suggesting roles for these Ca super(2+)-activated modulators in signal-transduction events involved in C. jejuni invasion. These results demonstrate that C. jejuni induces the mobilization of Ca super(2+) from host intracellular stores, which is an essential step in the invasion of intestinal cells by this pathogen. JF - Microbiology AU - Hu, L AU - Raybourne, R B AU - Kopecko, D J AD - Laboratory of Enteric and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, FDA-Center for Biologies Evaluation and Research, 29 Lincoln Drive, Bldg 29/420 HFM440, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, kopecko@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 3097 EP - 3105 VL - 151 IS - 9 SN - 1350-0872, 1350-0872 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Protein kinase C KW - Epithelial cells KW - Fluorescence KW - Calcium KW - Chelation KW - Enzymes KW - Transcription KW - Pathogens KW - Esters KW - Calcium (extracellular) KW - Calcium (intracellular) KW - Virulence KW - Cytoskeleton KW - Campylobacter jejuni KW - Microscopy KW - Calcium mobilization KW - Intestine KW - Contrast media KW - Calcium channels KW - Calmodulin KW - Epithelium KW - Calcium-binding protein KW - Signal transduction KW - J 02841:Microflora UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17073488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology&rft.atitle=Ca+super%282%2B%29+release+from+host+intracellular+stores+and+related+signal+transduction+during+Campylobacter+jejuni+81-176+internalization+into+human+intestinal+cells&rft.au=Hu%2C+L%3BRaybourne%2C+R+B%3BKopecko%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3097&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology&rft.issn=13500872&rft_id=info:doi/10.1099%2Fmic.0.27866-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein kinase C; Epithelial cells; Calcium; Fluorescence; Chelation; Transcription; Enzymes; Pathogens; Esters; Calcium (extracellular); Calcium (intracellular); Cytoskeleton; Virulence; Microscopy; Calcium channels; Contrast media; Intestine; Calcium mobilization; Calmodulin; Epithelium; Calcium-binding protein; Signal transduction; Campylobacter jejuni DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27866-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethanol does not affect discriminative-stimulus effects of nicotine in rats AN - 17054388; 6691956 AB - The effects of ethanol were evaluated in rats trained to discriminate 0.4 mg/kg of nicotine from saline under a fixed-ratio 10 schedule of food delivery. Ethanol (0.1-1 g/kg, i.p.) did not produce any nicotine-like discriminative effects and did not produce any shift in the dose-response curve for nicotine discrimination. Thus, the ability to discriminate nicotine's effects does not appear to be altered by ethanol administration. However, the high dose of 1 g/kg ethanol, given either alone or in combination with nicotine, markedly depressed food-maintained responding. This later effect was associated in some rats with an attenuation of the discriminative-stimulus effects of the training dose of nicotine. This suggests that previous reports of increased tobacco smoking following ethanol consumption in humans are connected, in some way, with an increase in motivation to consume nicotine that is produced by ethanol, rather than with a decrease in the subjective response to nicotine. JF - European Journal of Pharmacology AU - Le Foll, Bernard AU - Goldberg, Steven R AD - Preclinical Pharmacology Section, Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD, USA, blefoll@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 96 EP - 102 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 519 IS - 1-2 SN - 0014-2999, 0014-2999 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Subjective effect KW - Drug discrimination KW - Reward KW - Nicotine KW - Ethanol KW - (Rat) KW - Tobacco smoking KW - Motivation KW - Food KW - Discrimination learning KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17054388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Ethanol+does+not+affect+discriminative-stimulus+effects+of+nicotine+in+rats&rft.au=Le+Foll%2C+Bernard%3BGoldberg%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Le+Foll&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=519&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+Journal+of+Pharmacology&rft.issn=00142999&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ejphar.2005.06.051 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tobacco smoking; Motivation; Nicotine; Discrimination learning; Food; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.06.051 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale Expression and Purification of a G-protein-coupled Receptor for Structure Determination - An Overview AN - 1034818895; 17027115 AB - Structure determination of G-protein-coupled receptors and other applications, such as nuclear magnetic resonance studies, require milligram quantities of purified, functional receptor protein on a regular basis. We present an overview on expression and purification studies with a receptor for neurotensin. Functional expression in Escherichia coli and an automated two-column purification routine allow ongoing crystallization experiments and studies on receptor-bound ligands. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Grisshammer, Reinhard AU - White, Jim F AU - Trinh, Loc B AU - Shiloach, Joseph AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA, rkgriss@helix.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 159 EP - 163 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 6 IS - 2-3 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Crystallization KW - G protein-coupled receptors KW - N.M.R. KW - Neurotensin KW - Reviews KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Escherichia coli KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034818895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=Large-scale+Expression+and+Purification+of+a+G-protein-coupled+Receptor+for+Structure+Determination+-+An+Overview&rft.au=Grisshammer%2C+Reinhard%3BWhite%2C+Jim+F%3BTrinh%2C+Loc+B%3BShiloach%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Grisshammer&rft.aufirst=Reinhard&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10969-005-1917-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-10 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crystallization; Neurotensin; G protein-coupled receptors; Structure-function relationships; Reviews; N.M.R.; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10969-005-1917-6 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Binge Alcohol Use among Persons Aged 12 to 20: 2002 and 2003 Update. The NSDUH Report AN - 62143746; ED485855 AB - Research has shown that persons who engage in binge alcohol use as teenagers are at increased risk for binge drinking as young adults. Binge Alcohol Use among Persons Aged 12 to 20: 2002 and 2003 Update asks respondents aged 12 or older to report their frequency and quantity of alcohol use during the month before the survey. NSDUH defines binge alcohol use as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. All findings presented in this report are annual averages based on combined 2002 and 2003 NSDUH data. Contains 5 figures illustrating statistical information. Y1 - 2005/08/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 26 SP - 3 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Drinking KW - Alcohol Abuse KW - Statistical Data KW - Young Adults KW - Adolescents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62143746?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Substance Use among Hispanic Youths. The NSDUH Report AN - 62144467; ED485853 AB - Research has found mixed results when comparing the extent of substance use among Hispanic youths with use among non-Hispanic youths. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) asks persons aged 12 or older about their use of illicit drugs and alcohol, including binge alcohol use, in the past month. Binge alcohol use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. NSDUH defines illicit drugs to include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens, heroin, or prescription-type drugs used nonmedically. This report examines the prevalence of alcohol and illicit drug use among Hispanic youths aged 12 to 17. All findings presented in this report are annual averages based on combined 2002 and 2003 NSDUH data. Y1 - 2005/08/19/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 19 SP - 3 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Drinking KW - At Risk Persons KW - Substance Abuse KW - Hispanic Americans KW - Marijuana KW - Drug Use KW - Adolescents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62144467?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Irradiation in the production, processing, and handling of food. Final rule. AN - 68484618; 16104072 AB - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is amending the food additive regulations to provide for the safe use of ionizing radiation for control of Vibrio species and other foodborne pathogens in fresh or frozen molluscan shellfish (e.g., oysters, mussels, clams, etc.). This action is in response to a petition filed by the National Fisheries Institute and the Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry. JF - Federal register AU - Food and Drug Administration, HHS AD - Food and Drug Administration, HHS Y1 - 2005/08/16/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 16 SP - 48057 EP - 48073 VL - 70 IS - 157 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - Lipids KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - Trans Fatty Acids KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Animals KW - Lipids -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Consumer Product Safety -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Proteins -- radiation effects KW - Trans Fatty Acids -- radiation effects KW - Radiation, Ionizing KW - Vibrio -- pathogenicity KW - Vibrio -- radiation effects KW - Shellfish -- adverse effects KW - Food Irradiation -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Food Handling -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Food Microbiology -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Food Irradiation -- adverse effects KW - Shellfish -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68484618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=Irradiation+in+the+production%2C+processing%2C+and+handling+of+food.+Final+rule.&rft.au=Food+and+Drug+Administration%2C+HHS&rft.aulast=Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aufirst=HHS&rft.date=2005-08-16&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=157&rft.spage=48057&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Letrozole in the extended adjuvant treatment of postmenopausal women with history of early-stage breast cancer who have completed 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen. AN - 68507987; 16115902 AB - To present the basis of the decision of the Food and Drug Administration to grant accelerated approval for letrozole for extended adjuvant treatment of early-stage breast cancer in postmenopausal women after completion of adjuvant tamoxifen. The Food and Drug Administration reviewed the data from the MA17 trial, a single, multinational, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial, submitted by the applicant to support the proposed new indication. MA17 consisted of a core study and Lipid and Bone Mineral Density safety substudies. It enrolled 5,187 patients. In the core study, median treatment duration was 24 months and median follow-up duration was 27.4 months. Using a conventional definition of disease-free survival, 122 events on letrozole and 193 events on placebo were observed (hazard ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.49-0.78; P = 0.00003). Distant disease-free survival also improved with letrozole, 55 versus 92 events (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.84; P = 0.003). No statistically significant improvement in overall survival was observed. Hot flushes, arthralgia/arthritis, myalgia, and new diagnosis of osteoporosis were more common on letrozole. Frequency of fractures and cardiovascular ischemic events was not significantly different. A statistically significant mean decrease in bone mineral density in the hip occurred at 24 months on letrozole. Letrozole administration led to a statistically significant prolongation in disease-free survival. Fractures and cardiovascular events were similar to placebo; however, new diagnoses of osteoporosis were more frequent. Short duration of treatment and follow-up precluded assessment of long-term safety and efficacy. Thus, accelerated approval was granted instead of regular approval. JF - Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Mann, Bhupinder S AU - Johnson, John R AU - Kelly, Roswitha AU - Sridhara, Rajeshwari AU - Williams, Grant AU - Pazdur, Richard AD - Division of Oncology Drug Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA. mannb@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 15 SP - 5671 EP - 5677 VL - 11 IS - 16 SN - 1078-0432, 1078-0432 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal KW - Aromatase Inhibitors KW - Nitriles KW - Triazoles KW - Tamoxifen KW - 094ZI81Y45 KW - letrozole KW - 7LKK855W8I KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Dizziness -- chemically induced KW - Multicenter Studies as Topic KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Disease-Free Survival KW - Neoplasm Staging KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Skin Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Aromatase Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects KW - Bone Density -- drug effects KW - Headache -- chemically induced KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Middle Aged KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Aromatase Inhibitors -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Time Factors KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal -- therapeutic use KW - Chemotherapy, Adjuvant KW - Female KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Postmenopause -- metabolism KW - Breast Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Tamoxifen -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Approval KW - Breast Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Triazoles -- therapeutic use KW - Triazoles -- adverse effects KW - Nitriles -- adverse effects KW - Nitriles -- therapeutic use KW - Postmenopause -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68507987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Letrozole+in+the+extended+adjuvant+treatment+of+postmenopausal+women+with+history+of+early-stage+breast+cancer+who+have+completed+5+years+of+adjuvant+tamoxifen.&rft.au=Mann%2C+Bhupinder+S%3BJohnson%2C+John+R%3BKelly%2C+Roswitha%3BSridhara%2C+Rajeshwari%3BWilliams%2C+Grant%3BPazdur%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Bhupinder&rft.date=2005-08-15&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=5671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10780432&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human responses to augmented virtual scaffolding models AN - 17593422; 6535835 AB - This study investigated the effect of adding real planks, in virtual scaffolding models of elevation, on human performance in a surround-screen virtual reality (SSVR) system. Twenty-four construction workers and 24 inexperienced controls performed walking tasks on real and virtual planks at three virtual heights (0, 6 m, 12 m) and two scaffolding-platform-width conditions (30, 60 cm). Gait patterns, walking instability measurements and cardiovascular reactivity were assessed. The results showed differences in human responses to real vs. virtual planks in walking patterns, instability score and heart-rate inter-beat intervals; it appeared that adding real planks in the SSVR virtual scaffolding model enhanced the quality of SSVR as a human - environment interface research tool. In addition, there were significant differences in performance between construction workers and the control group. The inexperienced participants were more unstable as compared to construction workers. Both groups increased their stride length with repetitions of the task, indicating a possibly confidence- or habit-related learning effect. The practical implications of this study are in the adoption of augmented virtual models of elevated construction environments for injury prevention research, and the development of programme for balance-control training to reduce the risk of falls at elevation before workers enter a construction job. JF - Ergonomics AU - Hsiao, H AU - Simeonov, P AU - Dotson, B AU - Ammons, D AU - Kau, T-Y AU - Chiou, S AD - Protective Technology Branch, Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Rd., Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA Y1 - 2005/08/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 15 SP - 1223 EP - 1242 VL - 48 IS - 10 SN - 0014-0139, 0014-0139 KW - virtual reality KW - scaffolding KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Injuries KW - Training KW - Occupational safety KW - Simulation KW - working conditions KW - prevention KW - Ergonomics KW - Construction industry KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17593422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ergonomics&rft.atitle=Human+responses+to+augmented+virtual+scaffolding+models&rft.au=Hsiao%2C+H%3BSimeonov%2C+P%3BDotson%2C+B%3BAmmons%2C+D%3BKau%2C+T-Y%3BChiou%2C+S&rft.aulast=Hsiao&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-08-15&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ergonomics&rft.issn=00140139&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00140130500197112 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Construction industry; Occupational safety; prevention; Simulation; Ergonomics; Training; working conditions; Injuries DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140130500197112 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Cocaine Use: 2002 and 2003. The NSDUH Report AN - 62146170; ED485852 AB - Cocaine, including crack cocaine, was responsible for 12.8 percent of admissions to substance abuse treatment services in 2002.1 The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) asks persons aged 12 or older to report their use of illicit drugs, including cocaine. NSDUH defines cocaine use as use of cocaine in any form, including crack cocaine. NSDUH also asks a separate question about the use of crack cocaine. This report examines past year cocaine and crack cocaine use among persons aged 12 or older, as well as cocaine abuse or dependence. NSDUH defines dependence on or abuse of illicit drugs or alcohol using criteria specified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSMIV), 2 including symptoms such as withdrawal, tolerance, use in dangerous situations, trouble with the law, and interference in major obligations at work, school, or home during the past year. All findings presented in this report are annual averages based on combined 2002 and 2003 NSDUH data. (Contains 3 figures.) Y1 - 2005/08/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 12 SP - 3 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Community KW - Symptoms (Individual Disorders) KW - Substance Abuse KW - Surveys KW - Young Adults KW - Cocaine KW - Drug Rehabilitation KW - Drug Use KW - Adolescents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62146170?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aging effects on elevated plus maze behavior in spontaneously hypertensive, Wistar-Kyoto and Sprague-Dawley male and female rats. AN - 68485320; 16043200 AB - Male and female spontaneously hypertensive (SHR), Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assessed at one of two ages (postnatal day 74 or 346) for open field locomotor activity and anxiety-related behavior in the elevated plus maze (EPM). In general, the SHR displayed the least anxiety-related behavior, an effect that was magnified with age. At 11 months of age, the SHR more frequently entered and remained longer in the open arms than either the SD or the WKY strains. EPM behavior of the WKY strain was much less affected by age than that of the SD strain which displayed increased anxiety-related behavior with age. At the younger age, the typical sex effects were apparent; specifically, females exhibited a shorter duration in the closed arms. While the SHR were the most active strain in the EPM at both ages, they were more active in the open field only at the older age. In general, age-related changes in open field activity mirrored those of the EPM. These results provide a more comprehensive illustration of aging-related behavioral changes in male and female SHR, WKY and SD rats. JF - Physiology & behavior AU - Ferguson, Sherry A AU - Gray, Erika P AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. sferguson@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08/07/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 07 SP - 621 EP - 628 VL - 85 IS - 5 SN - 0031-9384, 0031-9384 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Anxiety -- psychology KW - Sex Factors KW - Posture KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Maze Learning KW - Rats, Inbred SHR -- psychology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley -- psychology KW - Aging -- psychology KW - Behavior, Animal -- physiology KW - Rats, Inbred WKY -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68485320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiology+%26+behavior&rft.atitle=Aging+effects+on+elevated+plus+maze+behavior+in+spontaneously+hypertensive%2C+Wistar-Kyoto+and+Sprague-Dawley+male+and+female+rats.&rft.au=Ferguson%2C+Sherry+A%3BGray%2C+Erika+P&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=Sherry&rft.date=2005-08-07&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiology+%26+behavior&rft.issn=00319384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-20 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomarkers of adult and developmental neurotoxicity AN - 20932306; 8251303 AB - Neurotoxicity may be defined as any adverse effect on the structure or function of the central and/or peripheral nervous system by a biological, chemical, or physical agent. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary to assess adult and developmental neurotoxicity due to the complex and diverse functions of the nervous system. The overall strategy for understanding developmental neurotoxicity is based on two assumptions: (1) significant differences in the adult versus the developing nervous system susceptibility to neurotoxicity exist and they are often developmental stage dependent; (2) a multidisciplinary approach using neurobiological, including gene expression assays, neurophysiological, neuropathological, and behavioral function is necessary for a precise assessment of neurotoxicity. Application of genomic approaches to developmental studies must use the same criteria for evaluating microarray studies as those in adults including consideration of reproducibility, statistical analysis, homogenous cell populations, and confirmation with non-array methods. A study using amphetamine to induce neurotoxicity supports the following: (1) gene expression data can help define neurotoxic mechanism(s), (2) gene expression changes can be useful biomarkers of effect, and (3) the site-selective nature of gene expression in the nervous system may mandate assessment of selective cell populations. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Slikker, W AU - Bowyer, J F AD - National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, HFT-132, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079-9502, USA, wslikker@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08/07/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 07 SP - 255 EP - 260 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 206 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Statistical analysis KW - Developmental stages KW - biomarkers KW - Gene expression KW - Nervous system KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Peripheral nervous system KW - Amphetamine KW - genomics KW - Side effects KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20932306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Biomarkers+of+adult+and+developmental+neurotoxicity&rft.au=Slikker%2C+W%3BBowyer%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Slikker&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-08-07&rft.volume=206&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2004.09.022 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Nervous system; Data processing; Structure-function relationships; Neurotoxicity; Peripheral nervous system; Statistical analysis; Developmental stages; Amphetamine; genomics; biomarkers; Side effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2004.09.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomarkers to assess potential developmental immunotoxicity in children AN - 20774736; 8251300 AB - Clinical tests are readily available for assessing severe loss of immune function in children with diseases such as AIDS or primary immunodeficiency. However tests that could reliably identify subtle immune changes, as might be expected to result from exposure to developmental immunotoxic agents, are not readily available. A number of tests are described which we believe have potential applicability for epidemiological studies involving developmental immunotoxicity. Several of the tests, such as T cell receptor rearrangement excision circles (TRECs) and cytokine measurements, while highly relevant from a biological standpoint, may be precluded from use at the current time, for either technical issues or insufficient validation. Immunophenotyping and measurement of serum immunoglobulin levels, on the other hand, are well validated. Yet they may require extraordinary care in experimental design and technical performance in order to obtain data that would consistently detect subtle changes, as these tests are not generally considered highly sensitive. Quantification of the immune response to childhood vaccine, while up to the present used sparingly, may represent an excellent indicator for developmental immunotoxicity when conducted under appropriate conditions. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Luster, MI AU - Johnson, V J AU - Yucesoy, B AU - Simeonova, P P AD - Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA, MLuster@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/08/07/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 07 SP - 229 EP - 236 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 206 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Immunotoxicity KW - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome KW - double prime T-cell receptor KW - Immunodeficiency KW - Cytokines KW - Immune response KW - Vaccines KW - Children KW - biomarkers KW - Immunoglobulins KW - X 24310:Pharmaceuticals KW - F 06955:Immunomodulation & Immunopharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20774736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Biomarkers+to+assess+potential+developmental+immunotoxicity+in+children&rft.au=Luster%2C+MI%3BJohnson%2C+V+J%3BYucesoy%2C+B%3BSimeonova%2C+P+P&rft.aulast=Luster&rft.aufirst=MI&rft.date=2005-08-07&rft.volume=206&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2005.02.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Immunotoxicity; double prime T-cell receptor; Immunodeficiency; Cytokines; Vaccines; Immune response; Children; biomarkers; Immunoglobulins DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2005.02.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The dependencies of phase velocity and dispersion on trabecular thickness and spacing in trabecular bone-mimicking phantoms. AN - 85396782; pmid-16158673 AB - Frequency-dependent phase velocity was measured in trabecular-bone-mimicking phantoms consisting of two-dimensional arrays of parallel nylon wires (simulating trabeculae) with thicknesses ranging from 152 to 305 microm and spacings ranging from 700 to 1000 microm. Phase velocity varied approximately linearly with frequency over the range from 400 to 750 kHz. Dispersion was characterized by the slope of a linear least-squares regression fit to phase velocity versus frequency data. The increase in phase velocity (compared with that in water) at 500 kHz was approximately proportional to the (1) square of trabecular thickness, (2) inverse square of trabecular spacing, and (3) volume fraction occupied by nylon wires. The first derivative of phase velocity with respect to frequency was negative and exhibited nonlinear, monotonically decreasing dependencies on trabecular thickness and volume fraction. The dependencies of phase velocity and its first derivative on volume fraction in the phantoms were consistent with those reported in trabecular bone. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Wear, Keith A AD - US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, HFZ-142, 12720 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. kaw@cdrh.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 1186 EP - 1192 VL - 118 IS - 2 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Algorithms KW - *Bone and Bones: ultrasonography KW - Equipment Design KW - Humans KW - Osteoporosis: ultrasonography KW - *Phantoms, Imaging KW - Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85396782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+dependencies+of+phase+velocity+and+dispersion+on+trabecular+thickness+and+spacing+in+trabecular+bone-mimicking+phantoms.&rft.au=Wear%2C+Keith+A&rft.aulast=Wear&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Systems biology/systems toxicology: application to developmental neurotoxicology/neuroprotection. AN - 68615342; 16179536 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Slikker, William AU - Xu, Zengjun AU - Wang, Cheng AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA. wslikker@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 309 EP - 310 VL - 1053 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Neuroprotective Agents KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- genetics KW - Systems Theory KW - Neurology -- trends KW - Toxicology -- trends KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Neuroprotective Agents -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68615342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Systems+biology%2Fsystems+toxicology%3A+application+to+developmental+neurotoxicology%2Fneuroprotection.&rft.au=Slikker%2C+William%3BXu%2C+Zengjun%3BWang%2C+Cheng&rft.aulast=Slikker&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=1053&rft.issue=&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-06-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - L-carnitine and neuroprotection in the animal model of mitochondrial dysfunction. AN - 68614840; 16179521 AB - We have shown previously that pretreatment with l-carnitine (LC) prior to 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) exposure, while not significantly attenuating succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibition, prevented hypothermia and oxidative stress. The plant and fungal toxin, 3-NPA, acts as an inhibitor of mitochondrial function via irreversible inactivation of the mitochondrial inner membrane enzyme, SDH. Inhibition of SDH disturbs electron transport, leading to cellular energy deficits and oxidative stress-related neuronal injury. In the study presented here, a neurohistological method was applied to examine the mitochondriotropic effect of LC pretreatment against 3-NPA-induced neurotoxicity. Twenty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into two groups (n = 10/group) were injected twice with 3-NPA at 30 mg/kg sc, at 2 days apart, or received LC pretreatment at 100 mg/kg, at 30-40 min before 3-NPA administration. Rats in both groups were perfused 7 days later and their brains harvested. Degenerating neurons were identified and localized via the fluorescent marker Fluoro-Jade B. Data analysis showed that LC was protective against 3-NPA-induced toxicity, as reflected by both reduced mortality and significantly reduced neuronal degeneration. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Binienda, Zbigniew AU - Przybyla-Zawislak, Beata AU - Virmani, Ashraf AU - Schmued, Larry AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, HFT-132, National Center for Toxicology Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079-9502, USA. zbinienda@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 174 EP - 182 VL - 1053 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Neuroprotective Agents KW - 0 KW - Succinate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.3.99.1 KW - Carnitine KW - S7UI8SM58A KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Neurodegenerative Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Electroencephalography -- drug effects KW - Neurodegenerative Diseases -- pathology KW - Neurodegenerative Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Neurons -- pathology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Oxidative Stress -- drug effects KW - Succinate Dehydrogenase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Male KW - Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies -- chemically induced KW - Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies -- metabolism KW - Carnitine -- pharmacology KW - Mitochondria -- drug effects KW - Mitochondria -- metabolism KW - Neuroprotective Agents -- pharmacology KW - Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68614840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=L-carnitine+and+neuroprotection+in+the+animal+model+of+mitochondrial+dysfunction.&rft.au=Binienda%2C+Zbigniew%3BPrzybyla-Zawislak%2C+Beata%3BVirmani%2C+Ashraf%3BSchmued%2C+Larry&rft.aulast=Binienda&rft.aufirst=Zbigniew&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=1053&rft.issue=&rft.spage=174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-06-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of rat hippocampal mRNAs altered by the mitochondrial toxicant, 3-NPA. AN - 68614453; 16179520 AB - 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) is a model mitochondrial inhibitor that causes selective neurodegeneration in brain. 3-NPA-induced neurodegeneration occurs via a secondary neurotoxicity, caused initially by ATP depletion and redox changes in the cell. It is known that the hippocampal degeneration caused by mitochondrial dysfunction affects learning and memory, cognitive functions commonly disturbed in neurodegenerative diseases. The 3-NPA- treated animal model can be used to study molecular mechanisms underlying selective degeneration in the brain. In this study, a microarray approach was utilized to define changes in the expression of 530 genes in the rat hippocampus after acute exposure to 3-NPA at 30 mg/kg, sc. The microarray data were collected at 30 min, 2 h, and 4 h post-3-NPA. Statistical modeling using an ANOVA mixed model applied to Van der Waerden scores of rank-transformed intensity data was used to assign statistical significance to 44 transcripts. These transcripts represent genes associated with energy metabolism, calcium homeostasis, the cytoskeleton, neurotransmitter metabolism, and other cellular functions. Changes in the transcripts of genes encoding 2 transporters [blood-brain specific anion transporter (Slco1c1) and sodium-dependent inorganic phosphate cotransporter (Slc17a7)] were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR. In conclusion, this study identified 2 new potential targets for enhancement of neuroprotection or inhibition of neurodegeneration associated with ATP depletion in the hippocampus. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Przybyla-Zawislak, Beata D AU - Thorn, Brett T AU - Ali, Syed F AU - Dennis, Richard A AU - Amato, Antonino AU - Virmani, Ashraf AU - Binienda, Zbigniew K AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, HFT-132, National Center for Toxicology Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079-9502, USA. bzawislak@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 162 EP - 173 VL - 1053 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - DNA, Complementary KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Nitro Compounds KW - Organic Cation Transport Proteins KW - Propionates KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Slc17a7 protein, rat KW - Slco1c1 protein, rat KW - Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 KW - 3-nitropropionic acid KW - QY4L0FOX0D KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - DNA, Complementary -- genetics KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis KW - Algorithms KW - Organic Cation Transport Proteins -- genetics KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Male KW - DNA, Complementary -- biosynthesis KW - Propionates -- toxicity KW - Nitro Compounds -- toxicity KW - RNA, Messenger -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68614453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Identification+of+rat+hippocampal+mRNAs+altered+by+the+mitochondrial+toxicant%2C+3-NPA.&rft.au=Przybyla-Zawislak%2C+Beata+D%3BThorn%2C+Brett+T%3BAli%2C+Syed+F%3BDennis%2C+Richard+A%3BAmato%2C+Antonino%3BVirmani%2C+Ashraf%3BBinienda%2C+Zbigniew+K&rft.aulast=Przybyla-Zawislak&rft.aufirst=Beata&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=1053&rft.issue=&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-06-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of peroxynitrite in methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration and neuroprotection by antioxidants and selective NOS inhibitors. AN - 68612365; 16179512 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Ali, Syed F AU - Imam, Syed Z AU - Itzhak, Yossef AD - Neurochemistry Laboratory, Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA. sali@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 97 EP - 98 VL - 1053 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Indazoles KW - Neuroprotective Agents KW - Nitric Oxide Donors KW - Peroxynitrous Acid KW - 14691-52-2 KW - Methamphetamine KW - 44RAL3456C KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I KW - EC 1.14.13.39 KW - 7-nitroindazole KW - UX0N37CMVH KW - Index Medicus KW - Nitric Oxide Donors -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Nitric Oxide Donors -- therapeutic use KW - Indazoles -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Indazoles -- therapeutic use KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Peroxynitrous Acid -- metabolism KW - Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Antioxidants -- pharmacology KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I -- genetics KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Neurodegenerative Diseases -- pathology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Neurodegenerative Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Methamphetamine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68612365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Role+of+peroxynitrite+in+methamphetamine-induced+dopaminergic+neurodegeneration+and+neuroprotection+by+antioxidants+and+selective+NOS+inhibitors.&rft.au=Ali%2C+Syed+F%3BImam%2C+Syed+Z%3BItzhak%2C+Yossef&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Syed&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=1053&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-06-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective alterations of transcription factors in MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. AN - 68505651; 16112330 AB - MPP(+) (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; the active metabolite of the neurotoxin MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine)) depletes dopamine (DA) content and elicits cell death in PC12 cells. However, the mechanism of MPP(+)-induced neurotoxicity is still unclear. In this study, the dose response and time-course of MPP(+)-induced DA depletion and decreased cell viability were determined in nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 cells. The alteration of transcription factors (TFs) induced by MPP(+) from a selected dose level and time point was then evaluated using protein/DNA-binding arrays. K-means clustering analysis identified four patterns of protein/DNA-binding changes. Three of the 28 TFs identified in PC12 cells increased by 100% (p53, PRE, Smad SBE) and 2 decreased by 50% (HSE, RXR(DR1)) of control with MPP(+) treatment. In addition, three TFs decreased within the range of 33-50% (TFIID, E2F1, CREB) and two TFs increased within the range of 50-100% (PAX-5, Stat4). An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to confirm the changes of p53 and HSE. The observed changes in TFs correlated with the alterations of DA and cell viability. The data indicates that selective transcription factors are involved in MPP(+)-induced neurotoxicity and it provides mechanistic information that may be applicable to animal studies with MPTP and clinical studies of Parkinson's disease. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Xu, Z AU - Cawthon, D AU - McCastlain, K A AU - Duhart, H M AU - Newport, G D AU - Fang, H AU - Patterson, T A AU - Slikker, W AU - Ali, S F AD - Neurochemistry Laboratory, Division of Neurotoxicology, HFT-132, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 729 EP - 737 VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Neurotransmitter Agents KW - 0 KW - Transcription Factors KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium KW - R865A5OY8J KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Neurotransmitter Agents -- metabolism KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Kinetics KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Protein Binding KW - PC12 Cells KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium -- toxicity KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Neurotoxicity Syndromes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68505651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Selective+alterations+of+transcription+factors+in+MPP%2B-induced+neurotoxicity+in+PC12+cells.&rft.au=Xu%2C+Z%3BCawthon%2C+D%3BMcCastlain%2C+K+A%3BDuhart%2C+H+M%3BNewport%2C+G+D%3BFang%2C+H%3BPatterson%2C+T+A%3BSlikker%2C+W%3BAli%2C+S+F&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=729&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induced sputum evaluation in microwave popcorn production workers. AN - 68479837; 16100197 AB - Severe airways obstruction and bronchiolitis obliterans have been reported in microwave popcorn production workers and attributed to inhalation of flavoring agents. We investigated whether exposure to flavoring agents is associated with airways inflammation in popcorn production workers. Fifty-nine workers with high exposures and 22 patients with low exposures to flavoring vapors completed a questionnaire, spirometry, and sputum induction. Sputum cell counts were categorized as "high" if greater than (and "low" if less than or equal to) the median cell counts of a healthy external control group (n = 24). We compared high- and low-exposure groups as well as all workers with control subjects. Neutrophil concentrations in nonsmoking workers were significantly higher than those of the healthy nonsmoking control group (p 1.63 x 10(5)/mL) was 3.8 (95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 11.5) in the high-exposure group compared with the low-exposure group. Sputum interleukin-8 and eosinophil cationic protein levels were higher in high-exposure workers than in low-exposure workers (p 95%. There were no relationships between sputum characteristics and the presence of airways obstruction. High exposure to popcorn flavoring agents is associated with neutrophilic airway inflammation in popcorn production workers. These data provide further evidence that popcorn production workers face a significant occupational hazard through exposure to flavoring agents. JF - Chest AU - Akpinar-Elci, Muge AU - Stemple, Kimberly J AU - Enright, Paul L AU - Fahy, John V AU - Bledsoe, Toni A AU - Kreiss, Kathleen AU - Weissman, David N AD - NIOSH Division of Respiratory Diseases Studies, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Field Studies Branch, Mail Stop H-2800, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. melci@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 991 EP - 997 VL - 128 IS - 2 SN - 0012-3692, 0012-3692 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Zea mays KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Male KW - Female KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Lung Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Sputum -- cytology KW - Microwaves KW - Cooking UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68479837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chest&rft.atitle=Induced+sputum+evaluation+in+microwave+popcorn+production+workers.&rft.au=Akpinar-Elci%2C+Muge%3BStemple%2C+Kimberly+J%3BEnright%2C+Paul+L%3BFahy%2C+John+V%3BBledsoe%2C+Toni+A%3BKreiss%2C+Kathleen%3BWeissman%2C+David+N&rft.aulast=Akpinar-Elci&rft.aufirst=Muge&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=991&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chest&rft.issn=00123692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry for the detection and quantitation of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adducts. AN - 68477067; 16097804 AB - A method, using HPLC combined with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ES-MS/MS), was developed and validated to detect and quantify the major DNA adduct resulting from exposure to the ultimate tumorigenic benzo[a]pyrene (BP) metabolite, trans-7,8-dihydroxy-anti-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE). Calf thymus DNA was reacted with BPDE, digested enzymatically to nucleosides, and the major DNA adduct, 10-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-7,8,9-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (dG-BPDE), was purified by HPLC. Similar procedures were applied to prepare dG-BPDE-d8 from [1,2,3,4,5,6,11,12-(2)H8]BPDE for use as an internal standard. The HPLC-ES-MS/MS method was validated using a mixture of hydrolyzed salmon testis DNA (82 microg) and 10 pg dG-BPDE (analogous to 6.9 adducts/10(8) nucleotides). The results indicated an inter- and intraday accuracy of 99-100% and precision of 1.6-1.7% (relative standard deviation). When applied to a calf thymus DNA sample modified in vitro with [1,3-(3)H]BPDE, the method gave a value very similar to those obtained by radiolabeling, (32)P-postlabeling, and immunoassay. HPLC-ES-MS/MS analysis of hepatic DNA from mice treated intraperitoneally with 0.5 and 1.0 mg of [7,8-(3)H]BP gave values comparable to those determined by 32P-postlabeling and immunoassay. Lung DNA from mice fed a 0.3% coal tar diet (containing approximately 2 mg BP/g coal tar) for one month had 0.6 +/- 0.04 dG-BPDE adducts/10(8) nucleotides. This value is much lower than the 102 +/- 14 total DNA adducts/10(8) nucleotides determined by 32P-postlabeling, which suggests that dG-BPDE makes only a minor contribution to the DNA adducts formed in lung tissue of mice administered coal tar. The HPLC-ES-MS/MS method was used to assess human lung DNA samples for the presence of dG-BPDE. Based upon a limit of detection of 0.3 dG-BPDE adducts/10(8) nucleotides, when using 100 microg of DNA, dG-BPDE was detected in only 1 out of 26 samples. These observations indicate that HPLC-ES-MS/MS is suitable to assess the contribution of BP to DNA damage caused by exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) mixtures. The results further suggest that dG-BPDE may contribute only a small fraction of the total DNA adducts detected by other DNA adduct methodologies in individuals exposed to PAHs. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Beland, Frederick A AU - Churchwell, Mona I AU - Von Tungeln, Linda S AU - Chen, Shoujun AU - Fu, Peter P AU - Culp, Sandra J AU - Schoket, Bernadette AU - Gyorffy, Erika AU - Minárovits, János AU - Poirier, Miriam C AU - Bowman, Elise D AU - Weston, Ainsley AU - Doerge, Daniel R AD - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA. fbeland@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 1306 EP - 1315 VL - 18 IS - 8 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Coal Tar KW - 8007-45-2 KW - Deuterium KW - AR09D82C7G KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Coal Tar -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Lung -- chemistry KW - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet KW - Deuterium -- chemistry KW - Mice KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Lung Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - DNA Adducts -- chemistry KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- chemistry KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68477067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=High-performance+liquid+chromatography+electrospray+ionization+tandem+mass+spectrometry+for+the+detection+and+quantitation+of+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene-DNA+adducts.&rft.au=Beland%2C+Frederick+A%3BChurchwell%2C+Mona+I%3BVon+Tungeln%2C+Linda+S%3BChen%2C+Shoujun%3BFu%2C+Peter+P%3BCulp%2C+Sandra+J%3BSchoket%2C+Bernadette%3BGyorffy%2C+Erika%3BMin%C3%A1rovits%2C+J%C3%A1nos%3BPoirier%2C+Miriam+C%3BBowman%2C+Elise+D%3BWeston%2C+Ainsley%3BDoerge%2C+Daniel+R&rft.aulast=Beland&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of mental health care and substance abuse treatment among adults with co-occurring disorders. AN - 68459594; 16088012 AB - This study investigated patterns of use of mental health care and substance abuse treatment for a nationally representative sample of adults with co-occurring mental health problems and a substance use disorder and compared these patterns with those of persons with either a mental health problem or a substance use disorder. Data were from the 2001 and 2002 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. The study examined rates of substance use disorders and mental health problems among adults aged 18 years and older, rates of substance use disorders among adults with mental health problems, and rates of mental health problems among adults with substance use disorders. Next, rates of substance abuse treatment and mental health care use were calculated among five groups that were formed on the basis of the presence of a substance use disorder, mental health problems, or both in the past year. A total of 2,851 respondents had a substance use disorder only, 1,633 had a substance use disorder with one or more mental health symptoms and without serious mental illness, 1,872 had a substance use disorder with serious mental illness, 13,759 had one or more mental health symptoms only, and 7,530 had a serious mental illness only. A substantial proportion of adults with comorbid mental health problems and a substance use disorder did not receive any treatment (46 percent of those with serious mental illness and 65 percent of those with one or more mental health symptoms). Co-occurring substance use disorder was not associated with increased use of mental health care. The likelihood of receiving any substance abuse treatment increased with the presence and severity of mental health problems. Across all five groups, use of mental health care was more common than use of substance abuse treatment. Less than one-third of patients with comorbid mental health problems and a substance use disorder who used mental health care also received substance abuse treatment. The large proportion of untreated individuals with mental and substance use disorders reinforces existing concerns about barriers to beneficial treatment. Low rates of use of substance abuse treatment among patients who have comorbid mental health problems and a substance use disorder and use mental health care suggest that recommendations that substance use disorders be treated before, or concurrently with, mental disorders have not been widely adopted. JF - Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.) AU - Harris, Katherine M AU - Edlund, Mark J AD - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Room 16-105, Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA. kharris@samhsa.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 954 EP - 959 VL - 56 IS - 8 SN - 1075-2730, 1075-2730 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Data Collection KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Mental Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Mental Health Services -- utilization KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- complications KW - Substance Abuse Treatment Centers -- utilization KW - Mental Disorders -- complications KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68459594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychiatric+services+%28Washington%2C+D.C.%29&rft.atitle=Use+of+mental+health+care+and+substance+abuse+treatment+among+adults+with+co-occurring+disorders.&rft.au=Harris%2C+Katherine+M%3BEdlund%2C+Mark+J&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=954&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychiatric+services+%28Washington%2C+D.C.%29&rft.issn=10752730&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-29 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ototoxic occupational exposures for a stock car racing team: I. Noise surveys. AN - 68445320; 16080260 AB - The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) surveyed noise exposure for a professional stock car team at their race shop and during two races at one racetrack. At the team's shop, area sound pressure levels (SPLs) were measured for various work tasks. Equivalent levels (Leqs) ranged from 58 to 104 decibels, A-weighted (dBA). Personal noise dosimetry was conducted for at least one employee for each job description in race car assembly (n = 9). The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 90 dBA for an 8-hour, 5-dB exchange rate time-weighted average (TWA) was never exceeded, but in two instances values exceeded OSHA's action level of 85 dBA for hearing conservation implementation. The NIOSH recommended exposure limit (REL) of 85 dBA for a 3-dB exchange rate Leq was exceeded for five of the measured jobs. During the races, SPLs averaged above 100 dBA in the pit area where cars undergo adjustments/refueling, both before and during the race. Peak levels reached 140 dB SPL. NIOSH REL was exceeded for every personal noise dosimetry measurement. Recommendations for hearing protection and communication are presented. JF - Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene AU - Van Campen, Luann E AU - Morata, Thais AU - Kardous, Chucri A AU - Gwin, Kristin AU - Wallingford, Kenneth M AU - Dallaire, Jacques AU - Alvarez, Frank J AD - Hearing Loss Prevention Team, Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. vancampen_l_e@lilly.com Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 383 EP - 390 VL - 2 IS - 8 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Index Medicus KW - Threshold Limit Values KW - Humans KW - Health Surveys KW - Ear Protective Devices -- standards KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Occupational Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Exposure -- standards KW - Noise, Transportation -- prevention & control KW - Noise, Occupational -- prevention & control KW - Automobiles KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68445320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.atitle=Ototoxic+occupational+exposures+for+a+stock+car+racing+team%3A+I.+Noise+surveys.&rft.au=Van+Campen%2C+Luann+E%3BMorata%2C+Thais%3BKardous%2C+Chucri+A%3BGwin%2C+Kristin%3BWallingford%2C+Kenneth+M%3BDallaire%2C+Jacques%3BAlvarez%2C+Frank+J&rft.aulast=Van+Campen&rft.aufirst=Luann&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demystifying 21 CFR Part 556--tolerances for residues of new animal drugs in food. AN - 68082044; 16006026 AB - 21 Code of Federal Regulations Part 556 (Tolerances for Residues of New Animal Drugs in Foods) is one of the Center for Veterinary Medicine's most significant set of regulations. However, in many respects, it is outdated. Subpart A (General Provisions) defines tolerance designations that are obsolete, while Subpart B (Specific Tolerances for Residues of New Animal Drugs) is inconsistent in terminology and often confusing. The purpose of this paper is to define the older terms and update the reader as to current concepts that apply to tolerance-setting for new animal drugs. A list of useful definitions appears at the end of the article. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Brynes, Steven D AD - Center for Veterinary Medicine, United States Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20855, USA. sbrynes@cvm.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 324 EP - 327 VL - 42 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Veterinary Drugs KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Meat KW - Animals KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Humans KW - Legislation, Veterinary KW - Food Contamination -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Legislation, Food KW - Drug Residues -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68082044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Demystifying+21+CFR+Part+556--tolerances+for+residues+of+new+animal+drugs+in+food.&rft.au=Brynes%2C+Steven+D&rft.aulast=Brynes&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=324&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-14 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selected DNA repair polymorphisms and gastric cancer in Poland. AN - 68057945; 15802298 AB - Impaired DNA repair capacity may adversely affect cancer risk, particularly in subjects exposed to DNA damaging carcinogens, as found in tobacco smoke, or among subjects deficient for protective factors, as found in fruits and vegetables. We studied tobacco use, fruit and vegetable intake, and common non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in four DNA repair genes in relation to gastric cancer risk, in a population-based, case-control study of 281 incident gastric cancer cases and 390 controls, in Warsaw, Poland. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Increased risks of gastric cancer were found for smokers (OR=3.1, CI=1.9-5.1 for pack-years>or=40 versus never smokers) and subjects with low fruit intake (OR=2.2, CI=1.3-3.6 for 1st versus 4th quartile); risk associated with vegetable intake was not statistically significant. Allele frequencies among the controls were consistent with those previously reported for the 5 polymorphisms studied: XRCC1-Arg399Gln, XPD-Lys751Gln, MGMT-Ile143Val, Leu84Phe, and XRCC3-Thr241Met. None of the studied polymorphisms were independently associated with gastric cancer risk. Smoking-associated risks, however, were greatest for carriers of the XRCC1-399 ArgArg genotype (Pinteraction=0.004). Risks associated with low intake of fruits or vegetables tended to be modified by selected polymorphisms in XRCC1, XPD and MGMT (Pinteraction=0.1-0.2). Risk modification was not found for the other repair polymorphisms. Selected DNA repair polymorphisms did not have independent effects on gastric cancer risk; however, they may modify smoking- and probably diet-related risks for this disease. These results need replication in larger epidemiological studies of gastric cancer. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Huang, Wen-Yi AU - Chow, Wong-Ho AU - Rothman, Nat AU - Lissowska, Jolanta AU - Llaca, Victor AU - Yeager, Meredith AU - Zatonski, Witold AU - Hayes, Richard B AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. huangw@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 1354 EP - 1359 VL - 26 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Codon KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Vegetables KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Codon -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Risk Assessment KW - Smoking KW - Poland KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Diet KW - Fruit KW - Female KW - Male KW - Life Style KW - DNA Repair -- genetics KW - Polymorphism, Genetic KW - DNA Damage KW - Stomach Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Stomach Neoplasms -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68057945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Selected+DNA+repair+polymorphisms+and+gastric+cancer+in+Poland.&rft.au=Huang%2C+Wen-Yi%3BChow%2C+Wong-Ho%3BRothman%2C+Nat%3BLissowska%2C+Jolanta%3BLlaca%2C+Victor%3BYeager%2C+Meredith%3BZatonski%2C+Witold%3BHayes%2C+Richard+B&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Wen-Yi&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-20 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suppression of chemically-induced liver tumors by castration or estradiol-3-benzoate treatment in F344 rats. AN - 68026948; 16012718 AB - Epidemiological data reveal that the incidence of liver cancer is markedly higher in men than women. To clarify the mechanism responsible for the induction of higher incidence of liver tumors in male animals, we investigated the modifying effect of sex hormones in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis. F344 male rats (n=120) were divided into two experiments, experiment I (Exp I) and experiment II (Exp II). In each experiment, 60 rats were randomly allocated into four groups. The mini-osmotic pumps containing doses of 47.5 mg (Exp I) or 23.75 mg (Exp II) of DEN were inserted into the abdominal cavity of each animal to initiate liver carcinogenesis. Animals in group 2 were castrated one week prior to DEN treatment, and animals in groups 3 and 4 were treated with 1 or 10 microg of estradiol-3-benzoate (EB), respectively, one week prior to DEN treatment. Animals in group 1 were treated with DEN alone and sham-operated at the same time. All animals were sacrificed 26 weeks after DEN treatment. In Exp I, liver tumor incidence of group 3 decreased significantly compared with that of group 1 (p<0.05), and tumor multiplicities of groups 2, 3 and 4 were decreased significantly compared to that of group 1 (p<0.01). In Exp II, tumor incidence of group 3 was significantly different (p<0.05) when compared to that of group 1. Immunohistochemical expression of ERalpha was shown in normal appearing cells, but not in tumor cells. Western blot analysis confirmed that ERalpha expression was higher in normal liver tissue compared to tumor tissues. Taken together, we conclude that castration or EB treatment has an inhibitory effect in DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in F344 rats. The reason for ERalpha loss in tumor cells should be further elucidated. JF - Oncology reports AU - Kang, Jin Seok AU - Ahn, Byeongwoo AU - Kim, Chuel Kyu AU - Han, Beom Seok AU - Che, Jeong-Hwan AU - Kim, Seyl AU - Jang, Dong Deuk AU - Yang, Ki-Hwa AD - National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, Nokbun-dong, Eunpyung-ku, Seoul 122-704, Korea. Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 377 EP - 382 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 1021-335X, 1021-335X KW - Estrogen Receptor alpha KW - 0 KW - estradiol 3-benzoate KW - 1S4CJB5ZGN KW - Diethylnitrosamine KW - 3IQ78TTX1A KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Prostate -- drug effects KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Random Allocation KW - Estrogen Receptor alpha -- analysis KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Blotting, Western KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Prostate -- pathology KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Estradiol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Estradiol -- blood KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Estradiol -- therapeutic use KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- prevention & control KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- blood KW - Orchiectomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68026948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oncology+reports&rft.atitle=Suppression+of+chemically-induced+liver+tumors+by+castration+or+estradiol-3-benzoate+treatment+in+F344+rats.&rft.au=Kang%2C+Jin+Seok%3BAhn%2C+Byeongwoo%3BKim%2C+Chuel+Kyu%3BHan%2C+Beom+Seok%3BChe%2C+Jeong-Hwan%3BKim%2C+Seyl%3BJang%2C+Dong+Deuk%3BYang%2C+Ki-Hwa&rft.aulast=Kang&rft.aufirst=Jin&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oncology+reports&rft.issn=1021335X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ototoxic occupational exposures for a stock car racing team: II. chemical surveys. AN - 68019572; 16009649 AB - The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted a series of surveys to evaluate occupational exposure to noise and potentially ototoxic chemical agents among members of a professional stock car racing team. Exposure assessments included site visits to the team's race shop and a worst-case scenario racetrack. During site visits to the race team's shop, area samples were collected to measure exposures to potentially ototoxic chemicals, including, organic compounds (typical of solvents), metals, and carbon monoxide (CO). Exposures to these chemicals were all below their corresponding Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure limits (PELs), NIOSH recommended exposure limits (RELs), and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) threshold limit values (TLVs). During site visits to the racetrack, area and personal samples were collected for organic compounds, lead, and CO in and around the "pit" area where the cars undergo race preparation and service during the race. Exposures to organic compounds and lead were either nondetectable or too low to quantify. Twenty-five percent of the CO time-weighted average concentrations exceeded the OSHA PEL, NIOSH REL, and ACGIH TLV after being adjusted for a 10-hour workday. Peak CO measurements exceeded the NIOSH recommended ceiling limit of 200 ppm. Based on these data, exposures to potentially ototoxic chemicals are probably not high enough to produce an adverse effect greater than that produced by the high sound pressure levels alone. However, carbon monoxide levels occasionally exceeded all evaluation criteria at the racetrack. JF - Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene AU - Gwin, Kristin K AU - Wallingford, Kenneth M AU - Morata, Thais C AU - Van Campen, Luann E AU - Dallaire, Jacques AU - Alvarez, Frank J AD - Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. kristin.gwin@fsis.usda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 406 EP - 413 VL - 2 IS - 8 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Solvents KW - 0 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Index Medicus KW - Threshold Limit Values KW - Carbon Monoxide -- analysis KW - Solvents -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Vehicle Emissions -- toxicity KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Hearing Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Automobiles KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68019572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.atitle=Ototoxic+occupational+exposures+for+a+stock+car+racing+team%3A+II.+chemical+surveys.&rft.au=Gwin%2C+Kristin+K%3BWallingford%2C+Kenneth+M%3BMorata%2C+Thais+C%3BVan+Campen%2C+Luann+E%3BDallaire%2C+Jacques%3BAlvarez%2C+Frank+J&rft.aulast=Gwin&rft.aufirst=Kristin&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=406&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the potential immunotoxicity of 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol in Balb/c mice II. Effect on thymic subset, delayed-type hypersensitivity, mixed-lymphocyte reaction, and peritoneal macrophage activity. AN - 67886932; 15925022 AB - 3-Monochloro-1,2-propanediol (MCPD) is a well-known by-product of acid-hydrolyzed soy sauce during its manufacturing process. To evaluate the immunotoxicity of MCPD, we investigated its effect on the thymic subset, delayed-type hypersensitivity, mixed-lymphocyte reaction and peritoneal macrophage activity. MCPD was administered by gavage for 14 days at 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day to female Balb/c mice. The thymic subsets and annexin-V positive cells in thymic cells were quantified by flow cytometry. Mixed-lymphocyte reaction, delayed-type hypersensitivity and peritoneal macrophage activity were assessed. The mixed-lymphocyte reaction and delayed-type hypersensitivity were not significantly changed. However, there were significant increases in the apoptosis of mice treated with high dose of MCPD compared to the vehicle control. A significant decrease in the CD4+CD8+ thymic subset of mice treated with high dose of MCPD was observed. The activity of peritoneal macrophage was significantly reduced in high dose group. These results indicate that MCPD could modulate the immune function in Balb/c mice. JF - Toxicology AU - Lee, Jong Kwon AU - Byun, Jung A AU - Park, Seung Hee AU - Choi, Han Jin AU - Kim, Hyung Soo AU - Oh, Hye Young AD - Division of Immunotoxicology, National Institute of Toxicology Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, 122-704 Seoul, South Korea. jkleest@kfda.go.kr Y1 - 2005/08/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 01 SP - 187 EP - 196 VL - 211 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Chemosterilants KW - 0 KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - alpha-Chlorohydrin KW - 96-24-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms KW - Animals KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- immunology KW - Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Cell Cycle -- immunology KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Nitric Oxide -- immunology KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Immunophenotyping KW - Female KW - Chemosterilants -- toxicity KW - Thymus Gland -- cytology KW - alpha-Chlorohydrin -- immunology KW - Apoptosis -- immunology KW - Macrophages, Peritoneal -- drug effects KW - Macrophages, Peritoneal -- immunology KW - Chemosterilants -- immunology KW - Hypersensitivity, Delayed -- immunology KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocyte Subsets -- drug effects KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - T-Lymphocyte Subsets -- immunology KW - alpha-Chlorohydrin -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67886932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+potential+immunotoxicity+of+3-monochloro-1%2C2-propanediol+in+Balb%2Fc+mice+II.+Effect+on+thymic+subset%2C+delayed-type+hypersensitivity%2C+mixed-lymphocyte+reaction%2C+and+peritoneal+macrophage+activity.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jong+Kwon%3BByun%2C+Jung+A%3BPark%2C+Seung+Hee%3BChoi%2C+Han+Jin%3BKim%2C+Hyung+Soo%3BOh%2C+Hye+Young&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jong&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=211&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Stay at a Healthy Weight. Tips for Kids with Type 2 Diabetes = Mantente en un Peso Saludable. Consejos Para Muchachos con Diabetes Tipo 2 AN - 62083592; ED490975 AB - A healthy weight means you are not too fat or too thin. Your doctor may have said that you should not gain more weight or that you need to lose a few pounds. If you have diabetes and are overweight, you are not alone. The steps you take to manage your weight will help you feel better and may improve your blood sugar or glucose (GLOO-kos) levels. Staying at a healthy weight when you are young can help you manage your weight for life. It also can help prevent problems like heart disease and high blood pressure. This tip sheet offers children with diabetes concrete strategies for achieving, and maintaining a healthy weight. Some of the suggestions included that children can do for themselves are: (1) Eating smaller portions; (2) Drinking plenty of water; and (3) Choosing fruit instead of a candy bar for a snack. It also provides examples of healthy breakfast, and lunch choices, as well as many examples of healthy snack foods. Tips for making healthy food choices in fast food restaurants are also provided. (The Spanish version of this guide is provided on pages 5-8 of this document.) [This document was prepared by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' National Diabetes Education Program (NDEP).] Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 8 PB - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 200 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20201. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Community KW - Parents KW - Body Weight KW - Eating Habits KW - Spanish KW - Health Behavior KW - Children KW - Nutrition KW - Health Promotion KW - Diabetes KW - Hypertension UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62083592?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2004. Volume I: Secondary School Students, 2004 AN - 62081621; ED489468 AB - In 2004 the Monitoring the Future study marked its 30th year of conducting national surveys of substance use among American young people. Beginning with the first survey of high school seniors in 1975, the study has provided the nation with a window through which to view the important, but largely hidden, problem behaviors of illicit drug use, alcohol use, and cigarette smoking. It has thus enabled the nation to gain a better understanding of the changing nature of these problems, as well as some of their causes and consequences. This annual monograph series has been the primary vehicle for disseminating the epidemiological findings from the study. It has grown substantially over the years in both coverage and size, in part because of the proliferation of substances being used. This latest two-volume monograph presents the results of the 30th (2004) national survey of drug use and related attitudes and beliefs among American high school seniors, the 25th such survey of American college students, and the 14th such survey of 8th- and 10th-grade students. Results have also been reported for varying intervals on young adult high school graduates, as well as adult high school graduates into middle age (currently through age 45), who have been followed from high school graduation through a series of panel studies. Appended are: (1) Prevalence and Trend Estimates Adjusted for Absentees and Dropouts; (2) Definition of Background and Demographic Subgroups; (3) Estimation of Sampling Errors; (4) Trends by Subgroup: Supplemental Tables for Secondary School Students; and (5) Trends in Specific Subclasses of Hallucinogens, Amphetamines, Tranquilizers, and Narcotic Drugs Other Than Heroin. (Contains 71 tables and 97 figures.) [For Volume II, see ED489469.] AU - Johnston, Lloyd D. AU - O'Malley, Patrick M. AU - Bachman, Jerald G. AU - Schulenberg, John E. Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 700 PB - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, P.O. Box 2345, Rockville, MD 20847-2345. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Grade 10 KW - Grade 12 KW - Grade 8 KW - Secondary Education KW - Rural Urban Differences KW - Social Differences KW - Gender Differences KW - Regional Characteristics KW - Racial Differences KW - Secondary School Students KW - National Surveys KW - Student Attitudes KW - Differences KW - Drug Use KW - Age Differences KW - Social Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62081621?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Youden Index and the Optimal Cut-Point Corrected for Measurement Error AN - 21102582; 11132778 AB - Random measurement error can attenuate a biomarker's ability to discriminate between diseased and non-diseased populations. A global measure of biomarker effectiveness is the Youden index, the maximum difference between sensitivity, the probability of correctly classifying diseased individuals, and 1-specificity, the probability of incorrectly classifying health individuals. We present an approach for estimating the Youden index and associated optimal cut-point for a normally distributed biomarker that corrects for normally distributed random measurement error. We also provide confidence intervals for these corrected estimates using the delta method and coverage probability through simulation over a variety of situations. Applying these techniques to the biomarker thiobarbituric acid reaction substance (TBARS), a measure of sub-products of lipid peroxidation that has been proposed as a discriminating measurement for cardiovascular disease, yields a 50% increase in diagnostic effectiveness at the optimal cut-point. This result may lead to biomarkers that were once naively considered ineffective becoming useful diagnostic devices. JF - Biometrical Journal AU - Perkins, Neil J AU - Schisterman, Enrique F AD - Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA, schistee@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 428 EP - 441 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0323-3847, 0323-3847 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - thiobarbituric acid KW - Cardiovascular diseases KW - biomarkers KW - Lipid peroxidation KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21102582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biometrical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Youden+Index+and+the+Optimal+Cut-Point+Corrected+for+Measurement+Error&rft.au=Perkins%2C+Neil+J%3BSchisterman%2C+Enrique+F&rft.aulast=Perkins&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biometrical+Journal&rft.issn=03233847&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbimj.200410133 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomarkers; thiobarbituric acid; Cardiovascular diseases; Lipid peroxidation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bimj.200410133 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An in silico ensemble method for lead discovery: decision forest AN - 20267818; 7393065 AB - Recent progress in combinatorial chemistry and parallel synthesis has radically changed the approach to drug discovery in the pharmaceutical industry. At present, thousands of compounds can be made in a short period, creating a need for fast and effective in silico methods to select the most promising lead candidates. Decision forest is a novel pattern recognition method, which combines the results of multiple distinct but comparable decision tree models to reach a consensus prediction. In this article, a decision forest model was developed using a structurally diverse training data set containing 232 compounds whose estrogen receptor binding activity was tested at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR). The model was subsequently validated using a test data set of 463 compounds selected from the literature, and then applied to a large data set with 57,145 compounds as a screening example. The results show that the decision forest method is a fast, reliable and effective in silico approach, which could be useful in drug discovery. JF - SAR and QSAR in Environmental Research AU - Hong, H AU - Tong, W AU - Xie, Q AU - Fang, H AU - Perkins, R AD - Z-Tech at National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Division of Bioinformatics, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 339 EP - 347 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Pattern recognition KW - Drug discovery KW - Combinatorial chemistry KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Estrogen receptors KW - Models KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20267818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=An+in+silico+ensemble+method+for+lead+discovery%3A+decision+forest&rft.au=Hong%2C+H%3BTong%2C+W%3BXie%2C+Q%3BFang%2C+H%3BPerkins%2C+R&rft.aulast=Hong&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10659360500203022 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Models; Drug discovery; Combinatorial chemistry; Estrogen receptors; Pattern recognition; Pharmaceuticals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10659360500203022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving Predictive Modeling in Pediatric Drug Development: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Mechanistic Modeling AN - 20231031; 6529170 AB - A workshop was conducted on November 18-19, 2004, to address the issue of improving predictive models for drug delivery to developing humans. Although considerable progress has been made for adult humans, large gaps remain for predicting pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) outcome in children because most adult models have not been tested during development. The goals of the meeting included a description of when, during development, infants/children become adultlike in handling drugs. The issue of incorporating the most recent advances into the predictive models was also addressed: both the use of imaging approaches and genomic information were considered. Disease state, as exemplified by obesity, was addressed as a modifier of drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics during development. Issues addressed in this workshop should be considered in the development of new predictive and mechanistic models of drug kinetics and dynamics in the developing human. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Slikker, William Jr AU - Young, John F AU - Corley, Richard A AU - Dorman, David C AU - Conolly, Rory B AU - Knudsen, Thomas B AU - Erstad, Brian L AU - Luecke, Richard H AU - Faustman, Elaine M AU - Timchalk, Charles AU - Mattison, Donald R AD - Office of Research and Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 505 EP - 518 PB - New York Academy of Sciences, 2 East 63rd Street New York NY 10021 USA, [mailto:publications@nyas.org], [URL:http://www.nyas.org] VL - 1053 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Drug delivery KW - Obesity KW - Conferences KW - Pediatrics KW - Drug development KW - Children KW - imaging KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Models KW - Kinetics KW - genomics KW - Pharmacodynamics KW - Infants KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20231031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Improving+Predictive+Modeling+in+Pediatric+Drug+Development%3A+Pharmacokinetics%2C+Pharmacodynamics%2C+and+Mechanistic+Modeling&rft.au=Slikker%2C+William+Jr%3BYoung%2C+John+F%3BCorley%2C+Richard+A%3BDorman%2C+David+C%3BConolly%2C+Rory+B%3BKnudsen%2C+Thomas+B%3BErstad%2C+Brian+L%3BLuecke%2C+Richard+H%3BFaustman%2C+Elaine+M%3BTimchalk%2C+Charles%3BMattison%2C+Donald+R&rft.aulast=Slikker&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=1053&rft.issue=&rft.spage=505&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Obesity; Drug delivery; Conferences; Pediatrics; Drug development; Children; imaging; Pharmacokinetics; Models; Kinetics; genomics; Pharmacodynamics; Infants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous Detection of Four Human Pathogenic Microsporidian Species from Clinical Samples by Oligonucleotide Microarray AN - 20086651; 6520146 AB - Microsporidian species have been rapidly emerging as human enteric pathogens in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals in recent years. Routine diagnostic techniques for microsporidia in clinical laboratories are laborious and insensitive and tend to underestimate their presence. In most instances, they are unable to differentiate species of spores due to their small sizes and similar morphologies. In this study, we report the development of another protozoan oligonucleotide microarray assay for the simultaneous detection and identification to the species level of four major microsporidian species: Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalitozoon cuniculi, Encephalitozoon hellem, and Encephalitozoon intestinalis. The 18S small-subunit rRNA gene was chosen as the amplification target, labeled with fluorescence dye, and hybridized to a series of species-specific oligonucleotide probes immobilized on a microchip. The specificity and sensitivity of the microarray were clearly demonstrated by the unique hybridization profiles exhibited by each species of microsporidian tested and its ability to detect as few as 10 spores. In order to assess the applicability of this microarray in a clinical setting, we conducted microarray assays of 20 fecal samples from AIDS patients. Twelve of these samples were positive for the presence of microsporidia and could be confidently identified; 11 of them were positive for more than one species. Our results suggested that this microarray-based approach represents an attractive diagnostic tool for high-throughput detection and identification of microsporidian species in clinical and epidemiological investigations. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Wang, Zheng AU - Orlandi, Palmer A AU - Stenger, David A AD - Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland 20708 Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 4121 EP - 4128 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 8 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome KW - Fluorescence KW - Encephalitozoon hellem KW - Enterocytozoon bieneusi KW - Pathogens KW - Encephalitozoon intestinalis KW - Oligonucleotides KW - DNA microarrays KW - small-subunit rRNA gene KW - microsporidia KW - Microsporidia KW - microchips KW - Detection KW - Fluorescent indicators KW - Encephalitozoon cuniculi KW - Spores KW - K 03090:Protozoa: human KW - V 22360:AIDS and HIV KW - W 30955:Biosensors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20086651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+Detection+of+Four+Human+Pathogenic+Microsporidian+Species+from+Clinical+Samples+by+Oligonucleotide+Microarray&rft.au=Wang%2C+Zheng%3BOrlandi%2C+Palmer+A%3BStenger%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Zheng&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microsporidia; Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Fluorescence; Detection; microchips; Fluorescent indicators; Pathogens; Spores; small-subunit rRNA gene; DNA microarrays; Oligonucleotides; Microsporidia; Encephalitozoon hellem; Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Encephalitozoon cuniculi; Encephalitozoon intestinalis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential Gene Expression in Normal Human Mammary Epithelial Cells Treated with Malathion Monitored by DNA Microarrays AN - 20076664; 6566708 AB - Organophosphate pesticides are a major source of occupational exposure in the United States. Moreover, malathion has been sprayed over major urban populations in an effort to control mosquitoes carrying West Nile virus. Previous research, reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, on the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of malathion has been inconclusive, although malathion is a known endocrine disrupter. Here, interindividual variations and commonality of gene expression signatures have been studied in normal human mammary epithelial cells from four women undergoing reduction mammoplasty. The cell strains were obtained from the discarded tissues through the Cooperative Human Tissue Network (sponsors: National Cancer Institute and National Disease Research Interchange). Interindividual variation of gene expression patterns in response to malathion was observed in various clustering patterns for the four cell strains. Further clustering identified three genes with increased expression after treatment in all four cell strains. These genes were two aldo-keto reductases (AKR1C1 and AKR1C2) and an estrogen-responsive gene (EBBP). Decreased expression of six RNA species was seen at various time points in all cell strains analyzed: plasminogen activator (PLAT), centromere protein F (CPF), replication factor C (RFC3), thymidylate synthetase (TYMS), a putative mitotic checkpoint kinase (BUB1), and a gene of unknown function (GenBank accession no. AI859865). Expression changes in all these genes, detected by DNA microarrays, have been verified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Differential changes in expression of these genes may yield biomarkers that provide insight into interindividual variation in malathion toxicity. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gwinn, M R AU - Whipkey, D L AU - Tennant, L B AU - Weston, A AD - Molecular Epidemiology Team, Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd., Mail Stop L-3014, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA, agw8@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 1046 EP - 1051 VL - 113 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Epithelial cells KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Organophosphates KW - DNA microarrays KW - Malathion KW - Centromeres KW - Gene expression KW - Carcinogenicity KW - aldo-keto reductase KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - cooperatives KW - Occupational exposure KW - plasminogen KW - Bioindicators KW - Pesticides (organophosphorus) KW - replication factor C KW - Urban populations KW - Mammary gland KW - Genotoxicity KW - Toxicity KW - urban populations KW - biomarkers KW - Cancer KW - EPA KW - USA KW - RNA KW - Reviews KW - Pesticides KW - DNA KW - Proteins KW - West Nile virus KW - estrogens KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - X 24135:Biochemistry KW - N 14815:Nucleotide Sequence KW - V 22320:Replication KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20076664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Differential+Gene+Expression+in+Normal+Human+Mammary+Epithelial+Cells+Treated+with+Malathion+Monitored+by+DNA+Microarrays&rft.au=Gwinn%2C+M+R%3BWhipkey%2C+D+L%3BTennant%2C+L+B%3BWeston%2C+A&rft.aulast=Gwinn&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1046&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.7311 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - replication factor C; Epithelial cells; Pesticides (organophosphorus); Urban populations; Mammary gland; Genotoxicity; DNA microarrays; biomarkers; Malathion; Centromeres; Gene expression; RNA; Carcinogenicity; aldo-keto reductase; Reviews; Polymerase chain reaction; plasminogen; Occupational exposure; Bioindicators; Organophosphates; endocrine disruptors; Toxicity; urban populations; Cancer; EPA; Pesticides; DNA; Proteins; cooperatives; estrogens; West Nile virus; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7311 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differentially Expressed Genes in Transgenic Mice Carrying Human Mutant Presenilin-2 (N141I): Correlation of Selenoprotein M with Alzheimer's Disease AN - 19847322; 6888501 AB - Mutations in genes for Alzheimer's disease (AD) result in a modulating of gene expressions in the brains of patients with AD. The aim of this study was to identify genes whose expression is modulated due to the over-expression of human mutant presenilin-2 (N141I) (hPS2m) in transgenic mice, which has previously been produced by us. To test this, GeneFishingTM DEG101 technique was performed on large-scale screen of mRNA from transgenic and non-transgenic brains. A total of 40 transcriptional products corresponding to cDNA were compared between two brains, and 17 showed a differential expression between the samples in all sets of experiments. However, all showed significant homology to known genes. Initially, a cloning corresponding to human selenoprotein M (hSelM) was chosen for investigation further because SelM induced by sodium selenite, a pro-oxidant, may have a functional role in catalyze the free radicals. We found that mouse SelM had significantly suppressed on its transcriptional products in transgenic brains. In parallel, suppression of endogenous was not observed in transgenic brains. Moreover, the levels of green fluorescence on hSelM fusion protein with EGFP were suppressed in the cells transfected with hPS2m, and its levels had actually increased by treatments of sodium selenite. Thus, the results indicate that SelM might play a suppressive or protective role in the pathology of patients with AD and it will be necessary to investigate further on functional roles of other up- and down-regulated gene in future. JF - Neurochemical Research AU - Hwang, Dae Y AU - Cho, Jung S AU - Oh, Jae H AU - Shim, Sun B AU - Jee, Seung W AU - Lee, Su H AU - Seo, Su J AU - Lee, Sang-Koo AU - Lee, Seok H AU - Kim, Yong K AD - Korea FDA, 5 Nokbun-dong Eunpyng-ku, 122-704, Seoul, Korea, kimyongkyu@hanmail.net Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 1009 EP - 1019 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0364-3190, 0364-3190 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Fluorescence KW - selenoproteins KW - Free radicals KW - Alzheimer's disease KW - Cloning KW - Brain KW - Transcription KW - Transgenic mice KW - Neurodegenerative diseases KW - Sodium selenite KW - Homology KW - Presenilin 2 KW - cDNA KW - Overexpression KW - Fusion protein KW - Mutation KW - W 30905:Medical Applications KW - N3 11008:Neurochemistry KW - G 07870:Mammals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19847322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurochemical+Research&rft.atitle=Differentially+Expressed+Genes+in+Transgenic+Mice+Carrying+Human+Mutant+Presenilin-2+%28N141I%29%3A+Correlation+of+Selenoprotein+M+with+Alzheimer%27s+Disease&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Dae+Y%3BCho%2C+Jung+S%3BOh%2C+Jae+H%3BShim%2C+Sun+B%3BJee%2C+Seung+W%3BLee%2C+Su+H%3BSeo%2C+Su+J%3BLee%2C+Sang-Koo%3BLee%2C+Seok+H%3BKim%2C+Yong+K&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Dae&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1009&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurochemical+Research&rft.issn=03643190&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11064-005-6787-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - selenoproteins; Fluorescence; Free radicals; Alzheimer's disease; Brain; Cloning; Transcription; Transgenic mice; Neurodegenerative diseases; Sodium selenite; Homology; cDNA; Presenilin 2; Overexpression; Fusion protein; Mutation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-005-6787-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early Changes in Behavior Deficits, Amyloid beta -42 Deposits and MAPK Activation in Doubly Transgenic Mice Co-expressing NSE-Controlled Human Mutant PS2 and APPsw AN - 19842924; 6869518 AB - 1.Doubly transgenic mice were some differences in the period proceeding of the development of A beta -42 deposits and behavioral deficits. It was not characterized human mutant PS2 (hPS2) with APPsw in the brains of double transgenic mice. The aim of this study was to examine whether doubly transgenic mice co-expressing NSE-controlled APPsw and hPS2m develop AD-like phenotypes much earlier than singly APPsw or hPS2m alone.2.We produced doubly transgenic mice from a cross between our previously created NSE-controlled hPS2m and an APPsw transgenic line. This doubly transgenic line was quantitatively produced by cross with age-matched control mice, and the produced mice were separated into 5, 6, 7 and 8-month old age groups. At the age of 8 months, the four groups of mice were tested for behavioral function, levels of A beta -42 deposition, and potential signaling events.3.It was shown that all the AD-like phenotypes, including behavior deficits, A beta -42 levels, MAPK activation and ER expressions in doubly transgenic mice develop much earlier in the early time of AD development than their singly transgenic and non-transgenic littermates.4.The results suggest that elevated A beta -42 levels, and MAPK activation in doubly transgenic mice are model for early diagnosis and treatment of AD with therapeutic drug. JF - Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology AU - Hwang, Dae Y AU - Cho, Jung S AU - Oh, Jae H AU - Shim, Sun B AU - Jee, Seung W AU - Lee, Su H AU - Seo, Su J AU - Song, Chi W AU - Lee, Seok H AU - Kim, Yong K AD - National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea FDA, 5 Nokbun-dong Eunpyng-ku, Seoul, 122-704, Korea, kimyongkyu@hanmail.net Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 881 EP - 898 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 25 IS - 5 SN - 0272-4340, 0272-4340 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Deposits KW - MAP kinase KW - Nervous system KW - Presenilin 2 KW - Brain KW - Geriatrics KW - Drug development KW - beta -Amyloid KW - Transgenic mice KW - Signal transduction KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - N3 11007:Neurobiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19842924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cellular+and+Molecular+Neurobiology&rft.atitle=Early+Changes+in+Behavior+Deficits%2C+Amyloid+beta+-42+Deposits+and+MAPK+Activation+in+Doubly+Transgenic+Mice+Co-expressing+NSE-Controlled+Human+Mutant+PS2+and+APPsw&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Dae+Y%3BCho%2C+Jung+S%3BOh%2C+Jae+H%3BShim%2C+Sun+B%3BJee%2C+Seung+W%3BLee%2C+Su+H%3BSeo%2C+Su+J%3BSong%2C+Chi+W%3BLee%2C+Seok+H%3BKim%2C+Yong+K&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Dae&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=881&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cellular+and+Molecular+Neurobiology&rft.issn=02724340&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10571-005-4950-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Deposits; Nervous system; MAP kinase; Presenilin 2; Geriatrics; Brain; Drug development; beta -Amyloid; Transgenic mice; Signal transduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10571-005-4950-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spontaneous Uveal Amelanotic Melanoma in Transgenic Tyr-RAS+ Ink4a/Arf-/- Mice AN - 19831807; 6516939 AB - OBJECTIVE: To characterize a murine model of spontaneous amelanotic melanoma arising in the uvea of transgenic mice bearing a targeted deletion of the Ink4a/Arf tumor suppressor locus (exons 2 and 3) and expressing human H-ras controlled by the human tyrosinase promoter. METHODS: Ocular lesions developed in 20 (15.7%) of 127 male albino Tyr-RAS+ Ink4a/Arf-/- transgenic FVB/N mice within 6 months, and were evaluated histologically and ultrastructurally. RESULTS: Uveal melanomas were locally invasive but confined to the eye, with no evidence of metastasis. Tumor cells exhibited epithelioid and spindle-shaped morphological features and closely resembled the human counterpart. Melan-A, S100 and neuron-specific enolase expression were detected immunohistochemically. Melanosomal structures were detected using electron microscopy. The retinal pigment epithelium was intact above small melanomas, and electron microscopy of the tumors failed to show the presence of basement membrane formation or desmosomes. CONCLUSION: Spontaneous uveal malignant melanomas occurring in male Tyr-RAS+ Ink4a/Arf-/- transgenic mice arise within the choroid or ciliary body and share histopathological features characteristic of human uveal melanoma. Clinical Relevance Uveal melanoma research has benefited from xenograft models, but engineered mouse models of spontaneous uveal amelanotic melanoma will undoubtedly further our understanding of the genetic underpinning for this disease. JF - Archives of Ophthalmology AU - Tolleson, William H AU - Doss, Jason C AU - Latendresse, John AU - Warbritton, Alan R AU - Melchior, William BJr AU - Chin, Lynda AU - Dubielzig, Richard R AU - Albert, Daniel M AD - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (Drs Tolleson and Melchior), and Toxicologic Pathology Associates (Dr Latendresse and Mr Warbritton), Jefferson, Ark Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 1088 EP - 1094 PB - American Medical Association, 515 N. State St. Chicago IL 60610 USA VL - 123 IS - 8 SN - 0003-9950, 0003-9950 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Tumor suppressor genes KW - cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors KW - Eye KW - Exons KW - H-Ras protein KW - Animal models KW - Tumors KW - Transgenic mice KW - Tumor cells KW - Monophenol monooxygenase KW - Melanoma KW - Metastases KW - Promoters KW - retinal pigment epithelium KW - Gene deletion KW - Desmosomes KW - Uvea KW - Basement membranes KW - Xenografts KW - Phosphopyruvate hydratase KW - Electron microscopy KW - INK4 protein KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19831807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Ophthalmology&rft.atitle=Spontaneous+Uveal+Amelanotic+Melanoma+in+Transgenic+Tyr-RAS%2B+Ink4a%2FArf-%2F-+Mice&rft.au=Tolleson%2C+William+H%3BDoss%2C+Jason+C%3BLatendresse%2C+John%3BWarbritton%2C+Alan+R%3BMelchior%2C+William+BJr%3BChin%2C+Lynda%3BDubielzig%2C+Richard+R%3BAlbert%2C+Daniel+M&rft.aulast=Tolleson&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1088&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Ophthalmology&rft.issn=00039950&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tumor suppressor genes; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors; Eye; Exons; H-Ras protein; Animal models; Tumors; Transgenic mice; Tumor cells; Monophenol monooxygenase; Melanoma; Metastases; retinal pigment epithelium; Promoters; Desmosomes; Gene deletion; Uvea; Basement membranes; Xenografts; Phosphopyruvate hydratase; Electron microscopy; INK4 protein ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A quantitative determination of multi-protein interactions by the analysis of confocal images using a pixel-by-pixel assessment algorithm AN - 19808756; 6480790 AB - MOTIVATION: Recent advances in confocal microscopy have allowed scientists to assess the expression, and to some extent, the interaction/colocalization of multiple molecules within cells and tissues. In some instances, accurately quantifying the colocalization of two or more proteins may be critical. This can require the acquisition of multiple Z plane images (Z stacks) throughout a specimen and, as such, we report here the successful development of a freeware, open-source image analysis tool, IMAJIN_COLOC, developed in PERL (v. 5.8, build 806), using the PERLMagick libraries (ImageMagick). Using a pixel-by-pixel analysis algorithm, IMAJIN_COLOC can analyze images for antigen expression (any number of colors) and can measure all possible combinations of colocalization for up to three colors by analyzing a Z stack gallery acquired for each sample. The simultaneous (i.e. in a single pass) analysis of three-color colocalization, and batch analysis capabilities are distinctive features of this program. RESULTS: A control image, containing known individual and colocalized pixel counts, was used to validate the accuracy of IMAJIN_COLOC. As further validation, pixel counts and colocalization values from the control image were compared to those obtained with the software packaged with the Zeiss laser-scanning microscope (LSM AIM, version 3.2). The values from both programs were found to be identical. To demonstrate the applicability of this program in addressing novel biological questions, we examined the role of neurons in eliciting an immune reaction in response to viral infection. Specifically, we successfully examined expression of the chemokine RANTES in measles virus (MV) infected hippocampal neurons and quantified changes in RANTES production throughout the disease period. The resultant quantitative data were also evaluated visually, using a gif image created during the analysis. AVAILABILITY: PERL (ActivePerl, version 5.8) is available at activestate.com; the PERLMagick libraries are available at imagemagick.org, and IMAJIN_COLOC, the source code and user documentation can be downloaded from http://www.fda.gov/cber/research/imaging/imageanalysis.htm JF - Bioinformatics AU - Goucher AU - Wincovitch, S M AU - Garfield, SH AU - Carbone, K M AU - Malik, TH AD - DVP/OVRR, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA Y1 - 2005/08/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 01 SP - 3248 EP - 3254 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 21 IS - 15 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Galleries KW - Chemokines KW - Data processing KW - Hippocampus KW - Microscopes KW - Algorithms KW - RANTES KW - Image processing KW - Measles virus KW - Infection KW - Color KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Neurons KW - Confocal microscopy KW - Bioinformatics KW - V 22320:Replication KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19808756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=A+quantitative+determination+of+multi-protein+interactions+by+the+analysis+of+confocal+images+using+a+pixel-by-pixel+assessment+algorithm&rft.au=Goucher%3BWincovitch%2C+S+M%3BGarfield%2C+SH%3BCarbone%2C+K+M%3BMalik%2C+TH&rft.aulast=Goucher&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=3248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Galleries; Chemokines; Data processing; Hippocampus; Microscopes; Algorithms; Image processing; RANTES; Infection; Color; Computer programs; software; Neurons; Confocal microscopy; Bioinformatics; Measles virus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization of a nonradioactive method for consistent and sensitive determination of activated K-ras protein AN - 19765842; 6656166 AB - Accurate measurement of activity of wild-type K-ras protein is important due to its tumor suppressor action in tissues such as lung. A published method by Taylor and co-workers uses plasmid-containing Escherichia coli cells to produce a glutathione-S-transferase/raf-1 ras binding domain (GST-RBD) fusion protein attached to glutathione beads to isolate activated ras protein. We systematically optimized the method before use on lung tissues. Changing the GST-RBD protein induction temperature from the original 37 to 30 degree C produced a consistently greater yield of fusion protein. To improve stability of the GST- RBD beads so as to perform large-scale experiments, 0.1% NaN sub(3) was added. NaN sub(3)-treated beads retained full affinity for at least 24 days. Sensitivity was improved by using a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane rather than nitrocellulose for immunoblotting. We also compared our GST-RBD beads with two commercial assay kits and found that our beads had both superior sensitivity and reduced variability. In summary, our modification of the GST-RBD affinity method to recover activated K-ras greatly increased the yield of fusion protein, prolonged the useful life of GST-RBD beads to at least 24 days, and enhanced detection sensitivity. JF - Analytical Biochemistry AU - Calvert, Richard J AU - Kammouni, Wafa AU - Kikawa, Keith D AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Nutritional Products, Labeling, and Dietary Supplements, Division of Research and Applied Technology, College Park, MD 20740, USA, calvert@mail.ncifcrf.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 283 EP - 292 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 343 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2697, 0003-2697 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - K-ras KW - Lung KW - Activity assay KW - Ras protein KW - Temperature effects KW - K-Ras protein KW - Immunoblotting KW - Tumor suppressor genes KW - Pyroxylin KW - Glutathione KW - Escherichia coli KW - Fusion protein KW - Glutathione transferase KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19765842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Optimization+of+a+nonradioactive+method+for+consistent+and+sensitive+determination+of+activated+K-ras+protein&rft.au=Calvert%2C+Richard+J%3BKammouni%2C+Wafa%3BKikawa%2C+Keith+D&rft.aulast=Calvert&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=343&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00032697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ab.2005.06.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Ras protein; Tumor suppressor genes; Immunoblotting; K-Ras protein; Pyroxylin; Glutathione; Lung; Fusion protein; Glutathione transferase; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2005.06.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploiting the avian immunoglobulin system to simplify the generation of recombinant antibodies to allergenic proteins AN - 19761007; 6465287 AB - Background: Monoclonal antibodies are a valuable tool in the study of allergens, but the technology used in their generation can be slow and labour-intensive. Therefore, we have examined recombinant antibody development by phage-display against single allergens and protein mixtures. Objective: We used the avian immunoglobulin system (generated from single V sub(H) and V sub(L) genes) to provide a rapid method for generating highly specific recombinant antibody fragments from a minimal number of animals. Methods: A single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) library was generated from a single chicken immunized with model allergens. ScFvs were isolated by phage-display and their properties investigated by ELISA and Western blot. Results: Mono-specific scFvs were generated against recombinant Fel d 1 and native Amb a 1. Pannings against yellow jacket venom extracts only yielded clones that reacted with multiple proteins in the venom extract. The scFvs from each panning type were effectively expressed in Escherichia coli and readily purified. Highly specific and sensitive recognition of Fel d 1 and Amb a 1 was demonstrated in ELISA, with scFvs displaying antibody-concentration-dependent absorbance curves down to picogram levels of antibody. The specificity of selected antibodies for their cognate antigen was further confirmed in Western blot analysis, with scFvs directed to either Fel d 1 or Amb a 1 showing no reactivity for the other antigens used in immunization. Anti-Amb a 1 scFvs also mapped Amb a 1-isoform location in Western blot of ragweed extracts separated by 2D SDS-PAGE. DNA sequence analysis of scFvs showed that multiple different clones had been generated against Fel d 1 and Amb a 1. Using two anti-Fel d 1 scFv for ELISA analysis of Fel d 1 content in crude cat pelt extracts, we could produce data which were highly similar (P=0.33 and 0.89 by paired t-test analysis) to those obtained using conventional assays (radial immunodiffusion). Conclusion: Phage-display technology may generate multiple allergen-specific recombinant antibody fragments from a single chicken, to allergens from mammalian, plant and insect sources. The resulting antibody fragments are of demonstrable use in allergen identification and quantification, in comparison with standard immunoassays. JF - Clinical and Experimental Allergy AU - Finlay, WJJ AU - deVore, N C AU - Dobrovolskaia, EN AU - Gam, A AU - Goodyear, C S AU - Slater, JE AD - J. E. Slater, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 29 Lincoln Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, SlaterJ@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 1040 EP - 1048 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 35 IS - 8 SN - 0954-7894, 0954-7894 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Western blotting KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Data processing KW - Immunodiffusion KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Panning KW - Development KW - Fv KW - Immunization KW - Models KW - Antibodies KW - Allergens KW - Escherichia coli KW - Absorbance KW - Venom KW - Immunoassays KW - Immunoglobulins KW - F 06302:Clinical: Immediate KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19761007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+and+Experimental+Allergy&rft.atitle=Exploiting+the+avian+immunoglobulin+system+to+simplify+the+generation+of+recombinant+antibodies+to+allergenic+proteins&rft.au=Finlay%2C+WJJ%3BdeVore%2C+N+C%3BDobrovolskaia%2C+EN%3BGam%2C+A%3BGoodyear%2C+C+S%3BSlater%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Finlay&rft.aufirst=WJJ&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1040&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+and+Experimental+Allergy&rft.issn=09547894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2222.2005.02307.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 6; tables, 1; references, 34. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Western blotting; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Data processing; Monoclonal antibodies; Immunodiffusion; Nucleotide sequence; Panning; Development; Immunization; Fv; Models; Antibodies; Allergens; Absorbance; Venom; Immunoassays; Immunoglobulins; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02307.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel multiple 5'-amino-modified primer for DNA microarrays AN - 19484033; 8251528 AB - For DNA microarray analysis, total RNA is reverse-transcribed, labeled by incorporating fluorescent dye into the cDNA, and used to hybridize microarray. This protocol requires a minimum of 20 mu g of total RNA. To overcome the sample limitation, an RNA amplification technique has been developed. Although it needs less RNA, this amplification technique is relatively expensive, time consuming, and, unfortunately, has been found to introduce bias. In this study, we designed a novel 5'-amino-modified primer and used it for priming cDNA synthesis. The novel primer has a special structure that contains four Uni-Link molecules with two nucleotide (thymine) residues inserted between them as spacers. This novel primer is used in the reverse-transcription reaction for cDNA synthesis. Using the novel 5'-modified primer combined with indirect labeling method, cDNA probes can be prepared with much less total RNA (5 mu g or less) without amplification producing optimal results after hybridization of arrays. This primer can also be used to label nucleotides for other purposes. JF - Genomics AU - Han, J AU - Lee, H AU - Nguyen, N Y AU - Beaucage, S L AU - Puri, R K AD - Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, puri@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 252 EP - 258 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 86 IS - 2 SN - 0888-7543, 0888-7543 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - RNA KW - DNA probes KW - Fluorescent indicators KW - Primers KW - Spacer KW - Thymine KW - DNA microarrays KW - Nucleotides KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - N 14810:Methods KW - G 07700:Molecular Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19484033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genomics&rft.atitle=Novel+multiple+5%27-amino-modified+primer+for+DNA+microarrays&rft.au=Han%2C+J%3BLee%2C+H%3BNguyen%2C+N+Y%3BBeaucage%2C+S+L%3BPuri%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=252&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genomics&rft.issn=08887543&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ygeno.2005.04.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RNA; DNA probes; Fluorescent indicators; Spacer; Primers; Thymine; DNA microarrays; Nucleotides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2005.04.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Obesity and Weight Control Practices in 2000 Among Veterans Using VA Facilities AN - 19422862; 6522236 AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine obesity prevalence and weight control practices among veterans who use Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical facilities (VA users). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Data from the 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a telephone survey of 184,450 adults, were analyzed. Outcome measures included BMI, weight control practices (the intent to manage weight, and diet and physical activity patterns), and receipt of professional weight control advice. RESULTS: Of VA users, 44% were overweight and 25% were obese. After controlling for demographic factors, VA users were somewhat less likely to be overweight (odds ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.74 to 1.00) but equally likely to be obese (odds ratio, 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.92 to 1.27), compared with non-VA users. Among obese VA users, 75% reported trying to lose weight, and another 17% reported trying to maintain weight. Of these, only 40% decreased both calorie and fat intake. Only 27% of obese VA users who reported increasing exercise to lose weight followed recommendations for regular and sustained physical activity. Of obese VA users, 59% were inactive or irregularly active. Only 51% of obese VA users received professional advice to lose weight. Obese VA users were more likely than obese non-VA users to report trying to lose weight, modifying diet to lose weight by decreasing both calories and fat intake, and receiving professional weight control advice. DISCUSSION: Interventions for weight management programs in VA facilities need to take into account the high prevalence of overweight/obesity among VA users and should emphasize effective weight control practices. JF - Obesity Research AU - Wang, Anthea AU - Kinsinger, Linda S AU - Kahwati, Leila C AU - Das, Sandeep R AU - Gizlice, Ziya AU - Harvey, Richard T AU - Burdick, Mary B AU - Yevich, Steven J AD - Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Veterans Affairs National Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Durham, North Carolina. North Carolina State Center for Health Statistics, Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, North Carolina Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 1405 EP - 1411 PB - North American Association for the Study of Obesity, 1090 Amsterdam Ave., Ste. 14K New York NY 10025 USA, [mailto:helener@mindspring.com], [URL:http://www.naaso.org] VL - 13 IS - 8 SN - 1071-7323, 1071-7323 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Obesity KW - Programs KW - Weight control KW - Facilities KW - Analysis KW - Risk factors KW - Diet (weight control) KW - Surveys KW - Exercise KW - Adults KW - Demographics KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19422862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Obesity+Research&rft.atitle=Obesity+and+Weight+Control+Practices+in+2000+Among+Veterans+Using+VA+Facilities&rft.au=Wang%2C+Anthea%3BKinsinger%2C+Linda+S%3BKahwati%2C+Leila+C%3BDas%2C+Sandeep+R%3BGizlice%2C+Ziya%3BHarvey%2C+Richard+T%3BBurdick%2C+Mary+B%3BYevich%2C+Steven+J&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Anthea&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Obesity+Research&rft.issn=10717323&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Obesity; Programs; Weight control; Risk factors; Analysis; Facilities; Diet (weight control); Surveys; Adults; Exercise; Demographics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Subtyping of Treponema pallidum from North and South Carolina AN - 17667278; 6520091 AB - Patients from five clinics in North and South Carolina who had lesions suggestive of primary or secondary syphilis were evaluated using molecular techniques that allow the differentiation of Treponema pallidum strains on the basis of two variable genes, tpr and arp. Lesion samples were screened for the presence of T. pallidum DNA using PCR for polA, which represents a segment of the polymerase I gene that is unique to the spirochete. Twenty-seven of 154 lesion samples were found to contain T. pallidum, 23 of which had typeable DNA. Seven molecular subtypes were found (10f, 12f, 13f, 14f, 14g, 15f, and 16f); one to four subtypes were identified at each clinic. Subtype 14f was found in 52% of the typeable specimens and was distributed in four of the five clinics. Subtype 16f was found in 22% of specimens and was concentrated at one clinic. Further data are needed to define the role of this technique in examining the epidemiology of syphilis. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Pope, Victoria AU - Fox, Kimberley AU - Liu, Hsi AU - Marfin, Anthony A AU - Leone, Peter AU - Sena, Arlene C AU - Chapin, Johanna AU - Fears, Martha B AU - Markowitz, Lauri AD - Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. Department of Health and Human Services, North Carolina. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 3743 EP - 3746 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 8 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17667278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Molecular+Subtyping+of+Treponema+pallidum+from+North+and+South+Carolina&rft.au=Pope%2C+Victoria%3BFox%2C+Kimberley%3BLiu%2C+Hsi%3BMarfin%2C+Anthony+A%3BLeone%2C+Peter%3BSena%2C+Arlene+C%3BChapin%2C+Johanna%3BFears%2C+Martha+B%3BMarkowitz%2C+Lauri&rft.aulast=Pope&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and distribution of the phosphoprotein phosphatase genes, prpA and prpB, among Shigella subgroups AN - 17641397; 6460267 AB - Phosphoprotein phosphatases encoded by the prpA and prpB genes function in signal transduction pathways for degradation of misfolded proteins in the extracytoplasmic compartments of Escherichia coli. In order to trace the evolution of prp genes and assess their roles in other enteric pathogens, the structure and distribution of these genes among closely related Shigella subgroups were studied. PCR amplification, probe hybridization studies and DNA sequencing were used to determine the prp genotypes of 58 strains from the four Shigella subgroups. Dysenteriae, Boydii, Sonnei and Flexneri. It was found that the prp alleles among Shigella subgroups were extremely susceptible to gene inactivation and that the mutations involved in prp allele inactivation were varied. They included IS insertions, gene replacement by an IS element, a small deletion within the gene or large deletion engulfing the entire gene region, and base substitutions that generated premature termination codons. As a result, of 58 strains studied, only eight (14%) possessed intact prpA and prpB genes. Of the Shigella strains examined, 76% (44/58) showed at least one of the prp alleles inactivated by one or more IS elements, including IS1, IS4, IS600 and IS629. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that IS elements have been independently acquired in multiple lineages of Shigella, suggesting that loss of functional alleles has been advantageous during Shigella strain evolution. JF - Microbiology AU - Li, B AU - Brown, E W AU - D'Agostino, C AU - LeClerc, JE AU - Cebula, T A AD - Division of Molecular Biology, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA, tcebula@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 2671 EP - 2683 VL - 151 IS - 8 SN - 1350-0872, 1350-0872 KW - prpA gene KW - prpB gene KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17641397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology&rft.atitle=Structure+and+distribution+of+the+phosphoprotein+phosphatase+genes%2C+prpA+and+prpB%2C+among+Shigella+subgroups&rft.au=Li%2C+B%3BBrown%2C+E+W%3BD%27Agostino%2C+C%3BLeClerc%2C+JE%3BCebula%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology&rft.issn=13500872&rft_id=info:doi/10.1099%2Fmic.0.27990-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27990-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Strains Based on Acid Resistance Phenotypes AN - 17637200; 6476039 AB - Acid resistance is perceived to be an important property of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains, enabling the organisms to survive passage through the acidic environment of the stomach so that they may colonize the mammalian gastrointestinal tract and cause disease. Accordingly, the organism has developed at least three genetically and physiologically distinct acid resistance systems which provide different levels of protection. The glutamate-dependent acid resistance (GDAR) system utilizes extracellular glutamate to protect cells during extreme acid challenges and is believed to provide the highest protection from stomach acidity. In this study, the GDAR system of 82 pathogenic E. coli isolates from 34 countries and 23 states within the United States was examined. Twenty-nine isolates were found to be defective in inducing GDAR under aerobic growth conditions, while five other isolates were defective in GDAR under aerobic, as well as fermentative, growth conditions. We introduced rpoS on a low-copy-number plasmid into 26 isolates and were able to restore GDAR in 20 acid-sensitive isolates under aerobic growth conditions. Four isolates were found to be defective in the newly discovered LuxR-like regulator GadE (formerly YhiE). Defects in other isolates could be due to a mutation(s) in a gene(s) with an as yet undefined role in acid resistance since GadE and/or RpoS could not restore acid resistance. These results show that in addition to mutant alleles of rpoS, mutations in gadE exist in natural populations of pathogenic E. coli. Such mutations most likely alter the infectivity of individual isolates and may play a significant role in determining the infective dose of enterohemorrhagic E. coli. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Bhagwat, Arvind A AU - Chan, Lynn AU - Han, Rachel AU - Tan, Jasmine AU - Kothary, Mahendra AU - Jean-Gilles, Junia AU - Tall, Ben D AD - Produce Quality and Safety Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Bldg. 002, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350. Division of Virulence Assessment, Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland 20708 Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 4993 EP - 5003 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 8 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17637200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Enterohemorrhagic+Escherichia+coli+Strains+Based+on+Acid+Resistance+Phenotypes&rft.au=Bhagwat%2C+Arvind+A%3BChan%2C+Lynn%3BHan%2C+Rachel%3BTan%2C+Jasmine%3BKothary%2C+Mahendra%3BJean-Gilles%2C+Junia%3BTall%2C+Ben+D&rft.aulast=Bhagwat&rft.aufirst=Arvind&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4993&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Are there Adverse Effects of Lycopene Exposure? AN - 17587490; 6476846 JF - Journal of Nutrition AU - Trumbo, Paula R AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740 Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 2060S EP - 2061S PB - American Society for Nutritional Sciences, 9650 Rockville Pike, Room L-2407A Bethesda MD 20814 USA, [mailto:staff@faseb.org], [URL:http://www.nutrition.org] VL - 135 IS - 8 SN - 0022-3166, 0022-3166 KW - lycopene KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Nutrients KW - Side effects KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17587490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nutrition&rft.atitle=Are+there+Adverse+Effects+of+Lycopene+Exposure%3F&rft.au=Trumbo%2C+Paula+R&rft.aulast=Trumbo&rft.aufirst=Paula&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2060S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nutrition&rft.issn=00223166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nutrients; Side effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Four weeks of oral isotretinoin treatment causes few signs of general toxicity in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats AN - 17549354; 6452291 AB - Despite widespread use of isotretinoin for its anti-acne effects and its current evaluation in clinical trials as a cancer treatment, little is known about its general toxicity in adult nonpregnant animals, particularly after oral administration which mimics the human route. Here, adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged daily with 0 (soy oil), 7.5, or 15 mg/kg isotretinoin for 28 days during which time body weight, food/water intake, and estrous phase were measured. At sacrifice, organ weights were collected and concentrations of dopamine (DA), serotonin and metabolites were measured in frontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and diencephalon. Food intake was mildly decreased in both treated groups (15% in males and 7% in females); however, body weight and water consumption were unaffected. The estrous cycle appeared slightly affected (i.e. lengthened by 15 mg/kg, and both treated groups appeared to have less time in diestrus and more time in estrus). Kidney/body weight ratio was decreased by 7.5 and 15 mg/kg isotretinoin and spleen/body weight ratio was increased in the 7.5 mg/kg group. Males of the 7.5 mg/kg group exhibited significantly higher gonad/body weight ratios than did same-sex controls. Concentrations of monoamine and metabolites in the frontal cortex and diencephalon were unaffected. Nor were striatal DA and DOPAC concentrations affected; however, there were isolated effects on striatal HVA and 5-HIAA. Hippocampal DA concentrations were marginally increased. These data indicate mild effects resulting from oral isotretinoin treatment at doses which likely produce serum levels within the range of humans. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Ferguson, SA AU - Cisneros, F J AU - Gough, B J AU - Ali, S F AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, HFT-132, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, 3900, NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, sferguson@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 1289 EP - 1296 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 43 IS - 8 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - monoamines KW - Water intake KW - Hippocampus KW - Spleen KW - Cortex (frontal) KW - Metabolites KW - Toxicity KW - Clinical trials KW - Cancer KW - Serotonin KW - Diencephalon KW - Estrus KW - Dopamine KW - Body weight KW - Food intake KW - Neostriatum KW - Kidney KW - Gonads KW - X 24112:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17549354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Four+weeks+of+oral+isotretinoin+treatment+causes+few+signs+of+general+toxicity+in+male+and+female+Sprague-Dawley+rats&rft.au=Ferguson%2C+SA%3BCisneros%2C+F+J%3BGough%2C+B+J%3BAli%2C+S+F&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fct.2005.02.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Body weight; Dopamine; Neostriatum; Toxicity; Metabolites; Cortex (frontal); Diencephalon; Hippocampus; Food intake; Clinical trials; Water intake; Spleen; Gonads; Kidney; Estrus; Serotonin; Cancer; monoamines DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2005.02.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevention and Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Primates by Using Synthetic Type D/A Oligodeoxynucleotides Expressing CpG Motifs AN - 17384845; 6476034 AB - Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing CpG motifs mimic microbial DNA and are recognized by toll-like receptor 9 on immune cells. The resulting response limits the early spread of infectious organisms and promotes the development of adaptive immunity. In this regard, CpG ODN show promise as immunoprotective agents and as vaccine adjuvants. Previous studies of nonhuman primates showed that administration of CpG ODN type D (also known as type A) at the site of infection 3 days before and after a challenge with Leishmania major enhanced host resistance and reduced the lesion's severity. In this study, we show that systemic administration of D/A ODN limits the size of lesions following an intradermal infection with L. major. Importantly, the reduced morbidity was not associated with a reduction in long-term immunity, as such treated macaques were still protected following a secondary challenge. Finally, administration of D/A ODN to macaques that had established cutaneous lesions reduced the severity of the lesions, suggesting a potential role for CpG ODN in L. major treatment. Together, these findings support the development of clinical studies to assess the use of CpG ODN types D/A as immunoprotective and therapeutic agents. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Flynn, Barbara AU - Wang, Vivian AU - Sacks, David L AU - Seder, Robert A AU - Verthelyi, Daniela AD - Division of Therapeutic Proteins, Center for Drug Evaluation and Review, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. Vaccine Research Center. Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 4948 EP - 4954 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 8 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Primates KW - Macaques KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Adjuvants KW - Infection KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Morbidity KW - Leishmania major KW - Macaca KW - Immunity KW - CpG islands KW - Vaccines KW - Toll-like receptors KW - Cutaneous leishmaniasis KW - K 03086:Immunology & vaccination KW - N 14025:RNA/DNA role in infection & immune response KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - W3 33345:DNA vaccines KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17384845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Prevention+and+Treatment+of+Cutaneous+Leishmaniasis+in+Primates+by+Using+Synthetic+Type+D%2FA+Oligodeoxynucleotides+Expressing+CpG+Motifs&rft.au=Flynn%2C+Barbara%3BWang%2C+Vivian%3BSacks%2C+David+L%3BSeder%2C+Robert+A%3BVerthelyi%2C+Daniela&rft.aulast=Flynn&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4948&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Primates; Macaca; Leishmania major; CpG islands; Oligonucleotides; Immunity; Infection; Morbidity; Vaccines; Adjuvants; Toll-like receptors; Cutaneous leishmaniasis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Importance of srtA and srtB for Growth of Bacillus anthracis in Macrophages AN - 17376195; 6476069 AB - We examined the effect of mutation of two sortase genes of Bacillus anthracis, srtA and srtB, on the ability of the bacterium to grow in J774A.1 cells, a mouse macrophage-like cell line. While disruption of either srtA or srtB had no effect on the ability of the bacteria to grow in rich culture media, mutations in each of these genes dramatically attenuated growth of the bacterium in J774A.1 cells. Complementation of the mutation restored the ability of bacteria to grow in the cells. Since the initial events in inhalation anthrax are believed to be uptake of B. anthracis spores by alveolar macrophages followed by germination of the spores and growth of the bacteria within the macrophages, these results suggest that two sortases of B. anthracis may be critical in the early stages of inhalation anthrax. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Zink, Steven D AU - Burns, Drusilla L AD - Laboratory of Respiratory and Special Pathogens, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 5222 EP - 5228 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 8 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - srtB gene KW - Genetics Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Macrophages KW - Inhalation KW - Germination KW - Complementation KW - Anthrax KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - sortase KW - Spores KW - Mutation KW - Media (culture) KW - srtA gene KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - F 06106:Bacteria KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17376195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Importance+of+srtA+and+srtB+for+Growth+of+Bacillus+anthracis+in+Macrophages&rft.au=Zink%2C+Steven+D%3BBurns%2C+Drusilla+L&rft.aulast=Zink&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=5222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Germination; Inhalation; Macrophages; Complementation; Anthrax; Spores; sortase; Mutation; srtA gene; Media (culture); Bacillus anthracis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The resistance ratchet: theoretical implications of cyclic selection pressure AN - 17373894; 6479577 AB - OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of cyclic antibiotic selection pressure on resistance in a simple mathematical model. METHODS: The model assumed that resistance in microbial ecologies changes slowly with changing selection pressure, at a rate proportional to the difference between the current resistance level and the resistance level that would be in equilibrium with current selection pressure. The maximum rate of increase in resistance during periods of increasing selection was assumed to be greater than the maximum rate of decrease during decreased selection. RESULTS: Under a simulated annual cyclic selection pressure variation of 40%, with maximum resistance rise and fall rates of 10 and 0.5%, respectively, resistance rose above the level expected from the mean selection pressure by small ratchet-like increments. Over 50 simulated years, resistance increased to 62%, rather than the 50% expected from the mean level of selection. Welsh community prescribing for a selection of antibiotics showed a seasonal cyclic variation of 13-45%. CONCLUSIONS: The intuitive assumption that cyclic selective pressure would produce resistance levels commensurate with the mean selection pressure was contradicted; rather resistance drifted towards a level commensurate with maximum selection pressure. If the ratchet effect exists in reality, it may produce unexpected excess resistance, particularly in the community for antibiotics used in respiratory infection, where cycling is pronounced, or in ITU antibiotic rotation. It should be most pronounced for resistance systems with strong asymmetry between rates of adaptation under rising and falling selection pressure. Non-linear dynamic systems in physics and ecology are notorious for producing counter-intuitive effects; resistance epidemiology may be similar. JF - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy AU - Magee, J T AD - National Public Health Service for Wales, Abton House, Wedal Road, Cardiff CF14 3QX, Wales, UK Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 427 EP - 430 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 56 IS - 2 SN - 0305-7453, 0305-7453 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Mathematical models KW - Adaptations KW - Epidemiology KW - Asymmetry KW - Antibiotics KW - Infection KW - J 02795:Antibiotic resistance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17373894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Antimicrobial+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=The+resistance+ratchet%3A+theoretical+implications+of+cyclic+selection+pressure&rft.au=Magee%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Magee&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Antimicrobial+Chemotherapy&rft.issn=03057453&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adaptations; Mathematical models; Epidemiology; Asymmetry; Antibiotics; Infection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence of the etiological predominance of norovirus in gastroenteritis outbreaks - emerging new-variant and recombinant noroviruses in Hungary AN - 17364581; 6437415 AB - Between January 2001 and December 2003, stool specimens from 262 (45%) of 581 reported outbreaks of gastroenteritis were investigated for noroviruses in Hungary. Specimens collected from outbreaks of non-bacterial gastroenteritis were examined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme immunoassay. In 253 (97%) of 262 outbreaks, norovirus was detected and confirmed by sequencing in 211 (81%). Hospitals (35%), day care centers (30%), and elderly homes (27%) were the most common settings. Diversity and frequency of the genotypes changed over time but with predominance (95%) of genogroup (GG) II strains. Strains grouped into 11 genotypes including an epidemic spread of new-variant GGII4 (Lordsdale virus) and a recently emerged group of natural recombinant strains (GGIIb/Hilversum polymerase) with four capsid types (Hawaii, Mexico, Snow Mountain, and Lordsdale). Clusters of epidemics including food-borne outbreaks were detected. According to this study, noroviruses are the predominant etiological agents causing gastroenteritis outbreaks in Hungary. JF - Journal of Medical Virology AU - Reuter, Gabor AU - Krisztalovics, Katalin AU - Vennema, Harry AU - Koopmans, Marion AU - Szucs, Gyoergy AD - Regional Laboratory of Virology, ANTSZ Baranya County Institute of State Public Health Service, Szabadsag ut 7, H-7623 Pecs, Hungary, reuterg@baranya.antsz.hu Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 508 EP - 607 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. VL - 76 IS - 4 SN - 0146-6615, 0146-6615 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Capsids KW - Epidemics KW - Snow KW - Food KW - Norovirus KW - Genotypes KW - Enzyme immunoassay KW - Mountains KW - Geriatrics KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Gastroenteritis KW - Feces KW - Hospitals KW - V 22123:Epidemiology KW - J 02400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17364581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+Virology&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+the+etiological+predominance+of+norovirus+in+gastroenteritis+outbreaks+-+emerging+new-variant+and+recombinant+noroviruses+in+Hungary&rft.au=Reuter%2C+Gabor%3BKrisztalovics%2C+Katalin%3BVennema%2C+Harry%3BKoopmans%2C+Marion%3BSzucs%2C+Gyoergy&rft.aulast=Reuter&rft.aufirst=Gabor&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=508&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medical+Virology&rft.issn=01466615&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjmv.20403 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Capsids; Epidemics; Snow; Food; Geriatrics; Polymerase chain reaction; Genotypes; Feces; Gastroenteritis; Enzyme immunoassay; Hospitals; Norovirus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.20403 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic activation of the tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloid, monocrotaline, leading to DNA adduct formation in vivo AN - 17198085; 6903719 AB - Monocrotaline is a representative naturally occurring genotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid. Metabolism of monocrotaline by liver microsomes of F344 female rats generated (+/-)6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-5H- pyrrolizine (DHP) and monocrotaline-N-oxide as major metabolites. Metabolism in the presence of triacetyleandomycin, a P450 3A enzyme inhibitor, reduced the formation of DHP by 52% and monocrotaline N-oxide formation by 59%. Dexamethasone significantly induced microsomal monocrotaline metabolizing enzyme activities in rat liver and lung. Previously, we have identified a set of DHP- derived DNA adducts from DHP-modified calf thymus DNA by super(32)P-post labeling/HPLC analysis. Metabolism of monocrotaline in the presence of calf thymus DNA resulted in a similar set of DHP-DNA adducts. These DHP-DNA adducts were also found in the liver DNA of rats treated with monocrotaline. The time course of the DHP-derived DNA adduct formation and removal in the liver of rats gavaged with a single dose (10 mg/kg) of monocrotaline was similar to that of rats treated with riddelliine. The levels of DHP-DNA adducts in liver DNA of rats treated with monocrotaline were much lower than that of riddelliine-treated rats. Results from this study indicate that (i) DHP is a common reactive metabolite for retronecine-type of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, (ii) the formation of DHP-derived DNA adducts in the liver DNA of rats treated with monocrotaline suggests that monocrotaline-induced tumorigenicity is through a genotoxic mechanism. JF - Cancer Letters AU - Wang, Yu-Ping AU - Yan, Jian AU - Beger, Richard D AU - Fu, Peter P AU - Chou, Ming W AD - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, mchou@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 27 EP - 35 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 226 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Monocrotaline KW - Pyrrolizidine alkaloid KW - DNA adducts KW - Dexamethasone KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - Calf thymus KW - Microsomes KW - Genotoxicity KW - N-Oxides KW - Enzymes KW - Tumorigenicity KW - pyrrolizidine alkaloids KW - Lung KW - Liver KW - Metabolic activation KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17198085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Letters&rft.atitle=Metabolic+activation+of+the+tumorigenic+pyrrolizidine+alkaloid%2C+monocrotaline%2C+leading+to+DNA+adduct+formation+in+vivo&rft.au=Wang%2C+Yu-Ping%3BYan%2C+Jian%3BBeger%2C+Richard+D%3BFu%2C+Peter+P%3BChou%2C+Ming+W&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Yu-Ping&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=226&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.canlet.2004.11.039 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Calf thymus; High-performance liquid chromatography; Dexamethasone; DNA adducts; Microsomes; Genotoxicity; N-Oxides; Tumorigenicity; Enzymes; pyrrolizidine alkaloids; Lung; Monocrotaline; Liver; Metabolic activation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2004.11.039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid Phenotypic Characterization of Vibrio Isolates by Pyrolysis Metastable Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry AN - 17111575; 6743268 AB - Pyrolysis mass spectrometry was investigated for rapid characterization of food-borne bacterial pathogens. Nine isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and one isolate each of Vibrio fluvialis, Vibrio hollisae, and Vibrio vulnificus were analyzed. Pyrolysis mass spectra, generated via an alternative ionization method, metastable atom bombardment, were subject to principal component-discriminant analysis. The spectral patterns were used to distinguish Vibrio isolates differing in species, serotype and expression of the thermostable direct hemolysin gene. The patterns of similarity and dissimilarity amongst spectra in the Vibrio test set generally reflected those associated with species, serotype or hemolysin-producing genes, though the combined influence of these and other variables in the multi-dimensional data did not produce a simple clustering with respect to any one of these characteristics. These results suggested that with enough examples to model the most common combinations, the method should be able to characterize Vibrio isolates according to their phenotypic characteristics. Pyrolysis-mass spectrometry with metastable atom bombardment and pattern recognition appeared suitable for rapid infraspecific comparison of Vibrio isolates. This integrated analytical, pattern-recognition system should be examined further for potential utility in clinical and public health diagnostic contexts. JF - Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek AU - Wilkes, Jon G AU - Rushing, Larry G AU - Gagnon, Jean-Francois AU - McCarthy, Susan A AU - Rafii, Fatemeh AU - Khan, Ashraf A AU - Kaysner, Charles A AU - Heinze, Thomas M AU - Sutherland, John B AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, FDA, 3900 NCTR Drive, 2079, Jefferson, AR7, USA, jwilkes@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 151 EP - 161 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 88 IS - 2 SN - 0003-6072, 0003-6072 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Serotypes KW - Vibrio fluvialis KW - Food KW - Pathogens KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Public health KW - Spectrometry KW - Pyrolysis KW - Pattern recognition KW - Vibrio vulnificus KW - Vibrio parahaemolyticus KW - Ionization KW - Hemolysins KW - Vibrio hollisae KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17111575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antonie+Van+Leeuwenhoek&rft.atitle=Rapid+Phenotypic+Characterization+of+Vibrio+Isolates+by+Pyrolysis+Metastable+Atom+Bombardment+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.au=Wilkes%2C+Jon+G%3BRushing%2C+Larry+G%3BGagnon%2C+Jean-Francois%3BMcCarthy%2C+Susan+A%3BRafii%2C+Fatemeh%3BKhan%2C+Ashraf+A%3BKaysner%2C+Charles+A%3BHeinze%2C+Thomas+M%3BSutherland%2C+John+B&rft.aulast=Wilkes&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antonie+Van+Leeuwenhoek&rft.issn=00036072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10482-005-3990-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pyrolysis; Pattern recognition; Serotypes; Food; Pathogens; Hemolysins; Ionization; Mass spectroscopy; Spectrometry; Public health; Vibrio vulnificus; Vibrio fluvialis; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Vibrio hollisae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10482-005-3990-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of activator protein-1, NF-kappaB, and MAPKs and induction of phase 2 detoxifying enzyme activity by chlorogenic acid. AN - 68070405; 15944151 AB - Chlorogenic acid, the ester of caffeic acid with quinic acid, is one of the most abundant polyphenols in the human diet. The antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties of chlorogenic acid have been established in animal studies. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms through which chlorogenic acid inhibits carcinogenesis. In this study, we found that chlorogenic acid inhibited the proliferation of A549 human cancer cells in vitro. The results of the soft agar assay indicated that chlorogenic acid suppressed 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced neoplastic transformation of JB6 P+ cells in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of JB6 cells with chlorogenic acid blocked UVB- or TPA-induced transactivation of AP-1 and NF-kappaB over the same dose range. At low concentrations, chlorogenic acid decreased the phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases, p38 kinase, and MAPK kinase 4 induced by UVB/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, yet higher doses were required to inhibit extracellular signal-regulated kinases. Chlorogenic acid also increased the enzymatic activities of glutathione S-transferases (GST) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase. Further studies indicated that chlorogenic acid could stimulate the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor) as well as subsequent induction of GSTA1 antioxidant response element (ARE)-mediated GST activity. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway might be involved in the activation of Nrf2 translocation. These results provide the first evidence that chlorogenic acid could protect against environmental carcinogen-induced carcinogenesis and suggest that the chemopreventive effects of chlorogenic acid may be through its up-regulation of cellular antioxidant enzymes and suppression of ROS-mediated NF-kappaB, AP-1, and MAPK activation. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Feng, Rentian AU - Lu, Yongju AU - Bowman, Linda L AU - Qian, Yong AU - Castranova, Vincent AU - Ding, Min AD - Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. Y1 - 2005/07/29/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jul 29 SP - 27888 EP - 27895 VL - 280 IS - 30 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Antioxidants KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Isoenzymes KW - NF-E2-Related Factor 2 KW - NF-kappa B KW - NFE2L2 protein, human KW - Nfe2l2 protein, mouse KW - Trans-Activators KW - Transcription Factor AP-1 KW - Chlorogenic Acid KW - 318ADP12RI KW - Agar KW - 9002-18-0 KW - Luciferases KW - EC 1.13.12.- KW - NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.6.- KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - glutathione S-transferase alpha KW - Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.24 KW - Mapk4 protein, rat KW - p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Humans KW - Cell Proliferation KW - p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Antioxidants -- pharmacology KW - Phosphorylation KW - Genes, Reporter KW - NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Plasmids -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Glutathione Transferase -- metabolism KW - Electric Impedance KW - Luciferases -- metabolism KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Mice KW - Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases -- metabolism KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Antioxidants -- metabolism KW - Agar -- pharmacology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic KW - Protein Transport KW - Trans-Activators -- metabolism KW - Chlorogenic Acid -- pharmacology KW - MAP Kinase Signaling System KW - Transcription Factor AP-1 -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Transcription Factor AP-1 -- metabolism KW - Chlorogenic Acid -- metabolism KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - NF-kappa B -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68070405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+activator+protein-1%2C+NF-kappaB%2C+and+MAPKs+and+induction+of+phase+2+detoxifying+enzyme+activity+by+chlorogenic+acid.&rft.au=Feng%2C+Rentian%3BLu%2C+Yongju%3BBowman%2C+Linda+L%3BQian%2C+Yong%3BCastranova%2C+Vincent%3BDing%2C+Min&rft.aulast=Feng&rft.aufirst=Rentian&rft.date=2005-07-29&rft.volume=280&rft.issue=30&rft.spage=27888&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Youths' Exposure to Substance Use Prevention Messages: 2003. The NSDUH Report AN - 62143776; ED485854 AB - The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) asks youths aged 12 to 17 whether they have talked with at least one of their parents during the past year about the dangers of tobacco, alcohol, or drug use. Youths are also asked whether they have seen or heard any alcohol or drug prevention messages from sources such as posters, pamphlets, radio, or TV in the past 12 months. In addition, youths are asked whether or not they have had (a) a special class about drugs or alcohol in school; (b) films, lectures, discussions, or printed information about drugs or alcohol in one of their regular school classes; (c) films, lectures, discussions, or printed information about drugs or alcohol outside of regular school classes such as a special assembly. Youths also reported participation in any of the following in the past 12 months: (a) a problem-solving, communication skills, or self-esteem group; (b) a violence prevention program; (c) an alcohol, tobacco, or drug prevention program outside of school; or (d) a program or meeting to help deal with drug or alcohol use such as Alcoholics Anonymous, Alateen, or individual or group counseling. Y1 - 2005/07/29/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jul 29 SP - 3 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Drinking KW - Smoking KW - Prevention KW - Parent Child Relationship KW - Drug Education KW - Narcotics KW - Drug Use KW - Communication Skills KW - Films UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62143776?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute illnesses associated with pesticide exposure at schools. AN - 68078544; 16046652 AB - Pesticides continue to be used on school property, and some schools are at risk of pesticide drift exposure from neighboring farms, which leads to pesticide exposure among students and school employees. However, information on the magnitude of illnesses and risk factors associated with these pesticide exposures is not available. To estimate the magnitude of and associated risk factors for pesticide-related illnesses at schools. Analysis of surveillance data from 1998 to 2002 of 2593 persons with acute pesticide-related illnesses associated with exposure at schools. Nationwide information on pesticide-related illnesses is routinely collected by 3 national pesticide surveillance systems: the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational Risks pesticides program, the California Department of Pesticide Regulation, and the Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Incidence rates and severity of acute pesticide-related illnesses. Incidence rates for 1998-2002 were 7.4 cases per million children and 27.3 cases per million school employee full-time equivalents. The incidence rates among children increased significantly from 1998 to 2002. Illness of high severity was found in 3 cases (0.1%), moderate severity in 275 cases (11%), and low severity in 2315 cases (89%). Most illnesses were associated with insecticides (n = 895, 35%), disinfectants (n = 830, 32%), repellents (n = 335, 13%), or herbicides (n = 279, 11%). Among 406 cases with detailed information on the source of pesticide exposure, 281 (69%) were associated with pesticides used at schools and 125 (31%) were associated with pesticide drift exposure from farmland. Pesticide exposure at schools produces acute illnesses among school employees and students. To prevent pesticide-related illnesses at schools, implementation of integrated pest management programs in schools, practices to reduce pesticide drift, and adoption of pesticide spray buffer zones around schools are recommended. JF - JAMA AU - Alarcon, Walter A AU - Calvert, Geoffrey M AU - Blondell, Jerome M AU - Mehler, Louise N AU - Sievert, Jennifer AU - Propeck, Maria AU - Tibbetts, Dorothy S AU - Becker, Alan AU - Lackovic, Michelle AU - Soileau, Shannon B AU - Das, Rupali AU - Beckman, John AU - Male, Dorilee P AU - Thomsen, Catherine L AU - Stanbury, Martha AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA. walarcon@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/07/27/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jul 27 SP - 455 EP - 465 VL - 294 IS - 4 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Acute Disease KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Health Surveys KW - Adult KW - Poisoning -- epidemiology KW - Child KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Schools -- statistics & numerical data KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68078544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=Acute+illnesses+associated+with+pesticide+exposure+at+schools.&rft.au=Alarcon%2C+Walter+A%3BCalvert%2C+Geoffrey+M%3BBlondell%2C+Jerome+M%3BMehler%2C+Louise+N%3BSievert%2C+Jennifer%3BPropeck%2C+Maria%3BTibbetts%2C+Dorothy+S%3BBecker%2C+Alan%3BLackovic%2C+Michelle%3BSoileau%2C+Shannon+B%3BDas%2C+Rupali%3BBeckman%2C+John%3BMale%2C+Dorilee+P%3BThomsen%2C+Catherine+L%3BStanbury%2C+Martha&rft.aulast=Alarcon&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.date=2005-07-27&rft.volume=294&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA&rft.issn=1538-3598&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: JAMA. 2005 Nov 16;294(19):2431; author reply 2431 [16287947] Erratum In: JAMA. 2005 Sep 14;294(10):1208 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dosimetric comparison of the specific anthropomorphic mannequin (SAM) to 14 anatomical head models using a novel definition for the mobile phone positioning. AN - 68616849; 16177519 AB - This paper presents new definitions for obtaining reproducible results in numerical phone dosimetry. Numerous numerical dosimetric studies have been published about the exposure of mobile phone users which concluded with conflicting results. However, many of these studies lack reproducibility due to shortcomings in the description of the phone positioning. The new approach was tested by two groups applying two different numerical program packages to compare the specific anthropomorphic mannequin (SAM) to 14 anatomically correct head models. A novel definition for the positioning of mobile phones next to anatomically correct head models is given along with other essential parameters to be reported. The definition is solely based on anatomical characteristics of the head. A simple up-to-date phone model was used to determine the peak spatial specific absorption rate (SAR) of mobile phones in SAM and in the anatomically correct head models. The results were validated by measurements. The study clearly shows that SAM gives a conservative estimate of the exposure in anatomically correct head models for head only tissue. Depending on frequency, phone position and head size the numerically calculated 10 g averaged SAR in the pinna can be up to 2.1 times greater than the peak spatial SAR in SAM. Measurements in small structures, such as the pinna, will significantly increase the uncertainty; therefore SAM was designed for SAR assessment in the head only. Whether SAM will provide a conservative value for the pinna depends on the pinna SAR limit of the safety standard considered. JF - Physics in medicine and biology AU - Kainz, Wolfgang AU - Christ, Andreas AU - Kellom, Tocher AU - Seidman, Seth AU - Nikoloski, Neviana AU - Beard, Brian AU - Kuster, Niels AD - Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), 12725 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. wolfgang.kainz@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/07/21/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jul 21 SP - 3423 EP - 3445 VL - 50 IS - 14 SN - 0031-9155, 0031-9155 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Child KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Child, Preschool KW - Head -- radiation effects KW - Cell Phones KW - Radio Waves -- adverse effects KW - Models, Anatomic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68616849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+in+medicine+and+biology&rft.atitle=Dosimetric+comparison+of+the+specific+anthropomorphic+mannequin+%28SAM%29+to+14+anatomical+head+models+using+a+novel+definition+for+the+mobile+phone+positioning.&rft.au=Kainz%2C+Wolfgang%3BChrist%2C+Andreas%3BKellom%2C+Tocher%3BSeidman%2C+Seth%3BNikoloski%2C+Neviana%3BBeard%2C+Brian%3BKuster%2C+Niels&rft.aulast=Kainz&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang&rft.date=2005-07-21&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+in+medicine+and+biology&rft.issn=00319155&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-10 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fanconi anemia: adult head and neck cancer and hematopoietic mosaicism. AN - 85387542; pmid-16027289 JF - Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery AU - Alter, Blanche P AU - Joenje, Hans AU - Oostra, Anneke B AU - Pals, Gerard AD - Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA. alterb@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 635 EP - 639 VL - 131 IS - 7 SN - 0886-4470, 0886-4470 KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Adult KW - *Carcinoma, Squamous Cell: etiology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell: genetics KW - Chromosome Breakage KW - *Fanconi Anemia: complications KW - Fanconi Anemia: genetics KW - Female KW - *Head and Neck Neoplasms: etiology KW - Head and Neck Neoplasms: genetics KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - *Mosaicism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85387542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+otolaryngology--head+%26+neck+surgery&rft.atitle=Fanconi+anemia%3A+adult+head+and+neck+cancer+and+hematopoietic+mosaicism.&rft.au=Alter%2C+Blanche+P%3BJoenje%2C+Hans%3BOostra%2C+Anneke+B%3BPals%2C+Gerard&rft.aulast=Alter&rft.aufirst=Blanche&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=635&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+otolaryngology--head+%26+neck+surgery&rft.issn=08864470&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005 Jul;131(7):640-1[16027290] N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of the ICH guidelines for immunotoxicology evaluation of pharmaceuticals using a survey of industry practices. AN - 733748918; 18958670 AB - An anonymous survey of pharmaceutical industry practices for immunotoxicology evaluation was conducted. This was in support of the development of the guideline on the preclinical evaluation of unintended modulation of the immune system for the International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. The survey was conducted in two phases in 2003 and 2004. A total of 64 responses were received of which 45 were included in the formal evaluation. The remaining compounds were excluded because they were cytotoxic anti-neoplastic drugs (N = 7), or due to insufficient information (N = 12). The purpose of the survey was to gather data on the correlation between routine toxicology studies (RTS) and additional immunotoxicological studies (AIS). The results of the survey were evaluated by the Expert Working Group (EWG) and classified as to positive or negative findings in RTS and AIS. The results of the survey showed that for 27 of 45 compounds (60%), the RTS and AIS endpoints were in agreement. In 12 of 45 cases (27%), the RTS endpoints showed immune modulation not observed in the AIS assays. Finally for 6 of 45 drugs (13%) a response was seen with the AIS methods where no significant effect was observed in the RTS endpoints. Length of dosing and the number of tests evaluated were similar in all groups. The groups where RTS detected signs of immunosuppression were more likely to have been dosed at or above MTD. This data contributed to the consensus in the EWG that routine immune function testing as an initial screen for all new drugs is not required. Instead, a weight-of-evidence approach including RTS and other causes for concern is recommended to identify the need for additional immunotoxicity studies. JF - Journal of immunotoxicology AU - Weaver, James L AU - Tsutsui, Naohisa AU - Hisada, Shigeru AU - Vidal, Jean-Marc AU - Spanhaak, Steven AU - Sawada, Jun-ichi AU - Hastings, Kenneth L AU - van der Laan, Jan Willem AU - van Loveren, Henk AU - Kawabata, Thomas T AU - Sims, Jennifer AU - Durham, Stephen K AU - Fueki, Osamu AU - Matula, Tibor I AU - Kusunoki, Hirofumi AU - Ulrich, Peter AU - Nakamura, Kazuichi AD - Division of Applied Pharmacology Research, CDER, U.S. FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993-0002, USA. James.Weaver@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/07/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jul 01 SP - 171 EP - 180 VL - 2 IS - 3 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733748918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunotoxicology&rft.atitle=Development+of+the+ICH+guidelines+for+immunotoxicology+evaluation+of+pharmaceuticals+using+a+survey+of+industry+practices.&rft.au=Weaver%2C+James+L%3BTsutsui%2C+Naohisa%3BHisada%2C+Shigeru%3BVidal%2C+Jean-Marc%3BSpanhaak%2C+Steven%3BSawada%2C+Jun-ichi%3BHastings%2C+Kenneth+L%3Bvan+der+Laan%2C+Jan+Willem%3Bvan+Loveren%2C+Henk%3BKawabata%2C+Thomas+T%3BSims%2C+Jennifer%3BDurham%2C+Stephen+K%3BFueki%2C+Osamu%3BMatula%2C+Tibor+I%3BKusunoki%2C+Hirofumi%3BUlrich%2C+Peter%3BNakamura%2C+Kazuichi&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunotoxicology&rft.issn=1547-6901&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15476910500241339 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-12-16 N1 - Date created - 2008-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15476910500241339 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry analysis of chloramphenicol in cooked crab meat. AN - 68569235; 16152935 AB - A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method is described for the extraction, cleanup, determination, and confirmation of chloramphenicol (CAP) in cooked crab meat. The method involves pulverization of cooked crab meat with dry ice; extraction of the CAP into ethyl acetate (EtOAc); evaporation (by N2) of the EtOAc; addition of methanol, aqueous NaCl, and heptane; extraction of the lipids into the heptane, followed by extraction of the aqueous phase with EtOAc; evaporation (by N2) of the EtOAc; dissolution into methanol-water; filtration; and separation/detection/confirmation using LC/MS/MS. Crab meat was fortified at 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 ng/g (ppb) chloramphenicol. Average absolute recoveries were 67, 84, and 86%, respectively, with relative standard deviation values all less than 1%. Four daughter ions (m/z 152, 176, 194, and 257) were monitored off the m/z 321 precursor ion. Determination was based on a standard curve using the peak areas of the m/z 152 daughter ion (the base peak) for standard solutions equivalent to 0.10, 0.20, 0.50, and 1.0 ppb in tissue (made with control crab extract). A set of 6 matrix controls (unfortified crab meat) was also analyzed, in which no chloramphenicol was detected. For identification purposes, the ion ratios (of each daughter ion versus the base daughter ion) of the fortified crab versus those of the chloramphenicol standards agreed within 10% (relative) at fortified chloramphenicol concentrations of 0.25-1.0 ppb. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Rupp, Heidi S AU - Stuart, James S AU - Hurlbut, Jeffrey A AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Seafood Products Research Center, 22201 23rd Dr SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA. heidi.rupp@fda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 1155 EP - 1159 VL - 88 IS - 4 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Ions KW - Solvents KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Chloramphenicol KW - 66974FR9Q1 KW - ethyl acetate KW - 76845O8NMZ KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Chromatography KW - Calibration KW - Meat KW - Filtration KW - Drug Residues -- analysis KW - Acetates -- chemistry KW - Food Contamination KW - Shellfish KW - Ethanol -- analysis KW - Methanol -- analysis KW - Seafood KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- instrumentation KW - Chloramphenicol -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68569235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Liquid+chromatography%2Ftandem+mass+spectrometry+analysis+of+chloramphenicol+in+cooked+crab+meat.&rft.au=Rupp%2C+Heidi+S%3BStuart%2C+James+S%3BHurlbut%2C+Jeffrey+A&rft.aulast=Rupp&rft.aufirst=Heidi&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-31 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ambulatory care visits for treating adverse drug effects in the United States, 1995-2001. AN - 68535279; 16130980 AB - Adverse d[rug events (ADEs) are a well-recognized patient safety 4concern, but their magnitude is unknown. Ambulatory viisits for treating adverse drug effects (VADEs) as recordeed in national surveys offer an alternative way to estimatte the national prevalence of ADEs because each VA]DE indicates that an ADE occurred and was seriousenough to require care. A nationallyrepresentative sample of visits to physician offices, hospital outpatient departments, and emergency departments was analyzed. VADEs were identified as tthe first-listed cause of injury. In 2001, there Awere 4.3 million VADEs in the United States, averaging 15 visits per 1,000 population. VADE rates at physicianoffices, hospital outpatient departments, and hospittal emergency departments were at 3.7, 3.4, and 7.3 lper 1,000 visits, respectively. There was an upward tr'end in the total number of VADEs from 1995 to 2001 ((p < .05), but the increases in VADEs per 1000 visits an.d per 1,000 population were not statistically significant. VADEs were lower in children younger than 15 and higher in the elderly aged 65-74 than in adults aged 225-44 (p < .01) and were more frequent in females than irn males (p < .05). Although methodologically conservative, the study suggests that ADEs are a significant threat to patient safety in the United States. JF - Joint Commission journal on quality and patient safety AU - Zhan, Chunliu AU - Arispe, Irma AU - Kelley, Edward AU - Ding, Tina AU - Burt, Catharine W AU - Shinogle, Judith AU - Stryer, Daniel AD - Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland, USA. czhan@ahrq.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 372 EP - 378 VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 1553-7250, 1553-7250 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Medication Errors -- prevention & control KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Aged KW - Child KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems -- trends KW - Ambulatory Care Facilities -- trends KW - Ambulatory Care Facilities -- utilization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68535279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Joint+Commission+journal+on+quality+and+patient+safety&rft.atitle=Ambulatory+care+visits+for+treating+adverse+drug+effects+in+the+United+States%2C+1995-2001.&rft.au=Zhan%2C+Chunliu%3BArispe%2C+Irma%3BKelley%2C+Edward%3BDing%2C+Tina%3BBurt%2C+Catharine+W%3BShinogle%2C+Judith%3BStryer%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Zhan&rft.aufirst=Chunliu&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Joint+Commission+journal+on+quality+and+patient+safety&rft.issn=15537250&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-29 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - UV doses worldwide. AN - 68525787; 15819599 AB - UV radiation affects human health. Human exposure to UV radiation causes a few beneficial health effects like vitamin D3 formation but it causes many detrimental health effects: sunburn, ocular damage, photoaging, immune suppression, DNA damage and skin cancer. In countries with fair-skinned populations, skin cancer is the most diagnosed of all cancers. In the United States in 2002, there were over one million new skin cancer cases. That means one out of every 285 people got skin cancer. Skin cancer of fair-skinned individuals is increasing at an alarming rate (4-6% per year) around the world and has now reached so-called "pandemic" proportions. Thus, it is important to know what UV doses people around the world get throughout their lives. This review covers how the outdoor UV doses are weighted for different biological effects, the most commonly used measuring devices for terrestrial and personal UV doses, the natural and other effects on terrestrial and personal UV doses, the time people spend outside, their ambient exposures and the terrestrial and personal UV doses of adult outdoor and indoor workers as well as children and adolescents around the world. Overall, outdoor-working adults get about 10%, while indoor-working adults and children get about 3% (2-4%) of the total available annual UV (on a horizontal plane). People's UV doses increase with increasing altitude and decreasing latitude; most indoor-working adult Europeans get 10,000-20,000 J/m2 per year, Americans get 20,000-30,000 J/m2 per year and Australians are estimated to get 20,000-50,000 J/m2 per year (excluding vacation, which can increase the dose by 30% or more). JF - Photochemistry and photobiology AU - Godar, Dianne E AD - Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. DEG@CDRH.FDA.GOV PY - 2005 SP - 736 EP - 749 VL - 81 IS - 4 SN - 0031-8655, 0031-8655 KW - Index Medicus KW - Global Health KW - Erythema -- diagnostic imaging KW - Erythema -- epidemiology KW - Sunlight -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- epidemiology KW - Humans KW - Skin Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Skin Neoplasms -- diagnostic imaging KW - Radionuclide Imaging KW - Ultraviolet Rays -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68525787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photochemistry+and+photobiology&rft.atitle=UV+doses+worldwide.&rft.au=Godar%2C+Dianne+E&rft.aulast=Godar&rft.aufirst=Dianne&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=736&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photochemistry+and+photobiology&rft.issn=00318655&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of biodynamic forces distributed on the fingers and the palm exposed to vibration. AN - 68478635; 16100925 AB - The hand-tool coupling force in the operation of a vibrating tool is generally composed of applied force (AF) and biodynamic force (BF). There is wide interest in quantifying the coupling force. The objectives of this study are to develop an effective method for estimating the BF and to investigate its fundamental characteristics. Using the biodynamic response of the hand-arm system, such as apparent mass or mechanical impedance, and the acceleration that can be measured on vibrating tools, this study proposed an indirect method for the BF estimation. The BFs distributed on the fingers and the palm of the hand along the forearm direction (z(h)-axis) in the operations of eighteen types of tool were estimated and used to identify the distributed BF characteristics. The results indicate that the BFs depend on both the tool vibration spectrum and the biodynamic properties of the hand-arm system. The dominant BF frequency component is usually at the same frequency as the dominant vibration frequency of each tool. The BF distributed on the palm (2-98 N) is much higher than that distributed on the fingers (1-30 N) at frequencies less than 100 Hz, but these biodynamic forces (2-22 N) are comparable at higher frequencies. The palm BF on several tools with relatively low dominant frequencies (< or = 40 Hz), especially in the resonant frequency range (16-40 Hz), is comparable with the applied palm force (50-100 N). Since the resonant frequency of the palm BF is also in the range of the dominant vibration frequencies of many percussive tools, the palm BF may be related to the disorders in the wrist-arm system. The BF on the fingers is likely to be closely related to the dynamic stresses and deformations in the fingers and it may thus be used to quantify the finger vibration exposure. JF - Industrial health AU - Dong, Ren G AU - Welcome, Daniel E AU - Wu, John Z AD - Engineering & Control Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 485 EP - 494 VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0019-8366, 0019-8366 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Humans KW - Biomechanical Phenomena KW - Equipment Safety KW - Fingers KW - Hand KW - Vibration -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68478635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+health&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+biodynamic+forces+distributed+on+the+fingers+and+the+palm+exposed+to+vibration.&rft.au=Dong%2C+Ren+G%3BWelcome%2C+Daniel+E%3BWu%2C+John+Z&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=Ren&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=485&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Industrial+health&rft.issn=00198366&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental and behavioral effects of acrylamide in Fischer 344 rats. AN - 68457866; 16087067 AB - Human exposures to acrylamide (ACR), a known neurotoxicant, can occur via a variety of substances, including cigarette smoke and the ingestion of certain carbohydrate-based foods cooked at high temperatures. In this study, Fischer 344 sperm plug-positive female rats were treated daily with ACR (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 mg/kg/day) by gavage beginning on gestation day 7. Dosing of dams ended when litters were born; pups received daily gavage at the same dose as their dam from postnatal day (PND) 1 through PND22. Pups were tested using a battery of behavioral assessments from PNDs 4-22. Statistically significant decreases in body weight were observed in pups exposed to ACR at doses as low as 1.0 mg/kg/day (treatmentxday; repeated measures ANOVA, P<0.0001). No statistically significant differences among treatment groups were observed in righting reflex, forelimb hang, or open field measures of activity. Statistically significant effects of ACR were observed at the 10 mg/kg/day dose on negative geotaxis performance (P<0.01) and a linear trend in fall-time latencies on Rotarod performance on PNDs 21-22 (P<0.05), with higher doses producing shorter latencies. These results suggest that ACR exposure produces deficits in development and motor coordination that are observable before weaning. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Garey, Joan AU - Ferguson, Sherry A AU - Paule, Merle G AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, HFT-132, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Rd., Jefferson, AR 72079-9502, USA. bmotz@cogsci.ucsd.edu PY - 2005 SP - 553 EP - 563 VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Acrylamide KW - 20R035KLCI KW - Index Medicus KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Reaction Time -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Age Factors KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Sex Factors KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Birth Rate KW - Pregnancy KW - Maternal Behavior -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Space Perception -- drug effects KW - Psychomotor Performance -- drug effects KW - Reflex -- drug effects KW - Gravity Sensing -- drug effects KW - Exploratory Behavior -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Orientation -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Movement -- drug effects KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Behavior, Animal -- physiology KW - Acrylamide -- administration & dosage KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68457866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Developmental+and+behavioral+effects+of+acrylamide+in+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=Garey%2C+Joan%3BFerguson%2C+Sherry+A%3BPaule%2C+Merle+G&rft.aulast=Garey&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endometrial carcinoma risks among menopausal estrogen plus progestin and unopposed estrogen users in a cohort of postmenopausal women. AN - 68055763; 16030108 AB - Because unopposed estrogen substantially increases endometrial carcinoma risk, estrogen plus progestin is one menopausal hormone therapy formulation for women who have not had a hysterectomy. However, endometrial carcinoma risks among estrogen plus progestin users and among former unopposed estrogen users are not firmly established. We evaluated endometrial carcinoma risks associated with estrogen plus progestin and unopposed estrogen therapies in 30,379 postmenopausal Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project follow-up study participants. We ascertained hormone therapy use and other risk factors during telephone interviews and mailed questionnaires between 1979 and 1998. We identified 541 endometrial carcinomas via self-report, medical records, the National Death Index, and state cancer registries. Poisson regression generated time-dependent rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Endometrial carcinoma was significantly associated with estrogen plus progestin only use (n = 68 cancers; RR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.9-3.5), including both sequential (progestin or =10 years after last use (RR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0-2.1). Both estrogen plus progestin regimens significantly increased endometrial carcinoma risk in this study. Risks among unopposed estrogen users remained elevated long after last use. The prospect that all estrogen plus progestin regimens increase endometrial carcinoma risk deserves continued research. JF - Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology AU - Lacey, James V AU - Brinton, Louise A AU - Lubin, Jay H AU - Sherman, Mark E AU - Schatzkin, Arthur AU - Schairer, Catherine AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. jimlacey@nih.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 1724 EP - 1731 VL - 14 IS - 7 SN - 1055-9965, 1055-9965 KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Progestins KW - Index Medicus KW - Registries KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Humans KW - Cohort Studies KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Female KW - Endometrial Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Postmenopause KW - Estrogen Replacement Therapy -- adverse effects KW - Progestins -- adverse effects KW - Endometrial Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Progestins -- administration & dosage KW - Estrogens -- adverse effects KW - Estrogens -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68055763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+epidemiology%2C+biomarkers+%26+prevention+%3A+a+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research%2C+cosponsored+by+the+American+Society+of+Preventive+Oncology&rft.atitle=Endometrial+carcinoma+risks+among+menopausal+estrogen+plus+progestin+and+unopposed+estrogen+users+in+a+cohort+of+postmenopausal+women.&rft.au=Lacey%2C+James+V%3BBrinton%2C+Louise+A%3BLubin%2C+Jay+H%3BSherman%2C+Mark+E%3BSchatzkin%2C+Arthur%3BSchairer%2C+Catherine&rft.aulast=Lacey&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1724&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+epidemiology%2C+biomarkers+%26+prevention+%3A+a+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research%2C+cosponsored+by+the+American+Society+of+Preventive+Oncology&rft.issn=10559965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide contamination inside farm and nonfarm homes. AN - 68035590; 16020099 AB - Twenty-five farm (F) households and 25 nonfarm (NF) households in Iowa were enrolled in a study investigating agricultural pesticide contamination inside homes. Air, surface wipe, and dust samples were collected. Samples from 39 homes (20 F and 19 NF) were analyzed for atrazine, metolachlor, acetochlor, alachlor, and chlorpyrifos. Samples from 11 homes (5 F and 6 NF) were analyzed for glyphosate and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyac etic acid (2,4-D). Greater than 88% of the air and greater than 74% of the wipe samples were below the limit of detection (LOD). Among the air and wipe samples, chlorpyrifos was detected most frequently in homes. In the dust samples, all the pesticides were detected in greater than 50% of the samples except acetochlor and alachlor, which were detected in less than 30% of the samples. Pesticides in dust samples were detected more often in farm homes except 2,4-D, which was detected in 100% of the farm and nonfarm home samples. The average concentration in dust was higher in farm homes versus nonfarm homes for each pesticide. Further analysis of the data was limited to those pesticides with at least 50% of the dust samples above the LOD. All farms that sprayed a pesticide had higher levels of that pesticide in dust than both farms that did not spray that pesticide and nonfarms; however, only atrazine and metolachlor were significantly higher. The adjusted geometric mean pesticide concentration in dust for farms that sprayed a particular pesticide ranged from 94 to 1300 ng/g compared with 12 to 1000 ng/g for farms that did not spray a particular pesticide, and 2.4 to 320 ng/g for nonfarms. The distributions of the pesticides throughout the various rooms sampled suggest that the strictly agricultural herbicides atrazine and metolachlor are potentially being brought into the home on the farmer's shoes and clothing. These herbicides are not applied in or around the home but they appear to be getting into the home para-occupationally. For agricultural pesticides, take-home exposure may be an important source of home contamination. JF - Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene AU - Curwin, Brian D AU - Hein, Misty J AU - Sanderson, Wayne T AU - Nishioka, Marcia G AU - Reynolds, Stephen J AU - Ward, Elizabeth M AU - Alavanja, Michael C AD - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, MS R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA. bcurwin@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 357 EP - 367 VL - 2 IS - 7 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Dust KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Iowa KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Agriculture KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68035590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.atitle=Pesticide+contamination+inside+farm+and+nonfarm+homes.&rft.au=Curwin%2C+Brian+D%3BHein%2C+Misty+J%3BSanderson%2C+Wayne+T%3BNishioka%2C+Marcia+G%3BReynolds%2C+Stephen+J%3BWard%2C+Elizabeth+M%3BAlavanja%2C+Michael+C&rft.aulast=Curwin&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-04 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Survey of Salmonella and Campylobacter contamination of whole, raw poultry on retail sale in Wales in 2003. AN - 68029433; 16013384 AB - A survey of the Salmonella and Campylobacter contamination of raw, whole chickens available to consumers in Wales was performed between March and December 2003. In total, 736 samples were taken, and overall contamination rates of 73.1% for Campylobacter and 5.7% for Salmonella were found. This survey follows a survey performed during 2001 to 2002 by Welsh local authorities and the National Public Health Service for Wales that established updated baseline rates for both pathogens in raw, whole chicken available to consumers in Wales. This survey indicated no difference in Campylobacter rates between fresh and frozen samples or between samples taken from retailers and local butchers, but significant differences existed in Salmonella rates between fresh and frozen samples and between those sampled from retailers and butchers, with frozen chickens and samples taken from retailers having significantly higher rates. However, the difference in Salmonella isolation rate between retailers and butchers was found to be due to the differences in the proportions of fresh and frozen chickens sampled from these locations, with a significantly higher number of frozen chickens (with a higher Salmonella rate) being sampled from retailers. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Meldrum, R J AU - Tucker, I D AU - Smith, R M M AU - Edwards, C AD - Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Service for Wales, Llandough Hospital, Penlan Road, Penarth CF64 2XX, UK. richard.meldrum@nphs.wales.nhs.uk Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 1447 EP - 1449 VL - 68 IS - 7 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chickens KW - Public Health KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Seasons KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Wales KW - Campylobacter -- growth & development KW - Salmonella -- growth & development KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Salmonella -- isolation & purification KW - Meat -- microbiology KW - Campylobacter -- isolation & purification KW - Commerce -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68029433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Survey+of+Salmonella+and+Campylobacter+contamination+of+whole%2C+raw+poultry+on+retail+sale+in+Wales+in+2003.&rft.au=Meldrum%2C+R+J%3BTucker%2C+I+D%3BSmith%2C+R+M+M%3BEdwards%2C+C&rft.aulast=Meldrum&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Survival of Anisakis simplex in arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomia) during frozen storage. AN - 68026592; 16013383 AB - Survival of naturally occurring larvae of Anisakis simplex in fresh arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomia) was determined after storage for specified periods at four freezing temperatures. All larvae were killed by 96, 60, 12, and 9 h at temperatures of -15, -20, -30, and -40 degrees C, respectively. The average percentages of live larvae per fillet at the next shortest holding time were as follows: 72 h at -15 degrees C, 0 to 3%; 48 h at -20 degrees C, 11 to 30%; 9 h at -30 degrees C, 5%; and 6 h at -40 degrees C, 0 to 3%. Larval survival was directly related to fillet thickness or weight (P < or = 0.05). Larval death was directly correlated to freezing temperatures. Holding time necessary to kill larval nematodes decreased as storage temperature decreased. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Adams, Ann M AU - Ton, My N AU - Wekell, Marleen M AU - MacKenzie, Alan P AU - Dong, Faye M AD - US Food and Drug Administration, Seafood Products Research Center, PO Box 3012, 22201 23rd Drive SE, Bothell, Washington 98041-3012, USA. aadams@ora.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 1441 EP - 1446 VL - 68 IS - 7 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Freezing KW - Time Factors KW - Food Handling -- methods KW - Food Parasitology KW - Food Preservation -- methods KW - Anisakis -- growth & development KW - Flounder -- parasitology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68026592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Survival+of+Anisakis+simplex+in+arrowtooth+flounder+%28Atheresthes+stomia%29+during+frozen+storage.&rft.au=Adams%2C+Ann+M%3BTon%2C+My+N%3BWekell%2C+Marleen+M%3BMacKenzie%2C+Alan+P%3BDong%2C+Faye+M&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Developmental origins and environmental influences--Introduction. NIEHS symposium. AN - 68023470; 15959884 JF - Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology AU - Heindel, Jerrold J AU - Levin, Edward Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 469 VL - 73 IS - 7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Animal KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adipocytes -- metabolism KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Obesity -- etiology KW - Obesity -- genetics KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68023470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Birth+defects+research.+Part+A%2C+Clinical+and+molecular+teratology&rft.atitle=Developmental+origins+and+environmental+influences--Introduction.+NIEHS+symposium.&rft.au=Heindel%2C+Jerrold+J%3BLevin%2C+Edward&rft.aulast=Heindel&rft.aufirst=Jerrold&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Birth+defects+research.+Part+A%2C+Clinical+and+molecular+teratology&rft.issn=15420752&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lipid adjustment in the analysis of environmental contaminants and human health risks. AN - 68013156; 16002372 AB - The literature on exposure to lipophilic agents such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is conflicting, posing challenges for the interpretation of potential human health risks. Laboratory variation in quantifying PCBs may account for some of the conflicting study results. For example, for quantification purposes, blood is often used as a proxy for adipose tissue, which makes it necessary to model serum lipids when assessing health risks of PCBs. Using a simulation study, we evaluated four statistical models (unadjusted, standardized, adjusted, and two-stage) for the analysis of PCB exposure, serum lipids, and health outcome risk (breast cancer). We applied eight candidate true causal scenarios, depicted by directed acyclic graphs, to illustrate the ramifications of misspecification of underlying assumptions when interpreting results. Statistical models that deviated from underlying causal assumptions generated biased results. Lipid standardization, or the division of serum concentrations by serum lipids, was observed to be highly prone to bias. We conclude that investigators must consider biology, biologic medium (e.g., nonfasting blood samples), laboratory measurement, and other underlying modeling assumptions when devising a statistical plan for assessing health outcomes in relation to environmental exposures. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Schisterman, Enrique F AU - Whitcomb, Brian W AU - Louis, Germaine M Buck AU - Louis, Thomas A AD - Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. schistee@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 853 EP - 857 VL - 113 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Lipids KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Computer Simulation KW - Bias (Epidemiology) KW - Models, Biological KW - Lipids -- blood KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- blood KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Models, Statistical KW - Environmental Pollutants -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68013156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Lipid+adjustment+in+the+analysis+of+environmental+contaminants+and+human+health+risks.&rft.au=Schisterman%2C+Enrique+F%3BWhitcomb%2C+Brian+W%3BLouis%2C+Germaine+M+Buck%3BLouis%2C+Thomas+A&rft.aulast=Schisterman&rft.aufirst=Enrique&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Gac Sanit. 2001 Dec;15 Suppl 4:44-8 [12069715] Int J Epidemiol. 2002 Feb;31(1):163-5 [11914314] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Mar;9(3):271-7 [10750665] Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Jun;110(6):A317-24 [12055062] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Apr 21;85(8):648-52 [8468722] N Engl J Med. 1997 Oct 30;337(18):1253-8 [9345073] Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2005 Feb;19(2):203-13 [21783478] Epidemiology. 2003 May;14(3):300-6 [12859030] Int J Epidemiol. 2002 Oct;31(5):1030-7 [12435780] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Oct;103 Suppl 7:141-5 [8593861] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001 May 16;93(10):768-76 [11353787] Sci Total Environ. 1991 Apr 15;103(2-3):159-75 [1909054] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1999 Jun;8(6):525-32 [10385143] Arch Environ Health. 1983 Jan-Feb;38(1):47-53 [6299210] Chemosphere. 1994 Nov-Dec;29(9-11):2287-94 [7850376] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 Jan;87(1):48-56 [3099428] Int J Epidemiol. 1996 Dec;25(6):1107-16 [9027513] Am J Epidemiol. 2002 Jan 15;155(2):176-84 [11790682] Int J Cancer. 2001 Feb 15;91(4):568-74 [11251983] Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jan;113(1):83-7 [15626652] Arch Environ Health. 1996 Mar-Apr;51(2):100-7 [8638959] Arch Environ Health. 1989 Nov-Dec;44(6):351-4 [2514628] Ann Oncol. 2004 Feb;15(2):211-7 [14760111] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1998 Mar;7(3):181-8 [9521429] J Occup Environ Med. 2003 May;45(5):526-32 [12762077] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 May;60:133-8 [3928344] Epidemiology. 2000 Sep;11(5):550-60 [10955408] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1984 Sep;33(3):277-80 [6434008] Annu Rev Public Health. 2001;22:189-212 [11274518] CA Cancer J Clin. 2002 Sep-Oct;52(5):301-9 [12363327] Arch Environ Health. 1970 Apr;20(4):452-7 [5429987] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of lateral-flow Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin detection kits for food analysis. AN - 68012591; 16000807 AB - The suitability and sensitivity of two in vitro lateral-flow assays for detecting Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) in an assortment of foods were evaluated. Toxin extraction and preparation methods for various liquid, solid, and high-fat-content foods were developed. The lateral-flow assays, one developed by the Naval Medical Research Center (Silver Spring, MD) and the other by Alexeter Technologies (Gaithersburg, MD), are based on the immunodetection of BoNT types A, B, and E. The assays were found to be rapid and easy to perform with minimum requirements for laboratory equipment or skills. They can readily detect 10 ng/ml of BoNT types A and B and 20 ng/ml of BoNT type E. Compared to other in vitro detection methods, these assays are less sensitive, and the assessment of a result is strictly qualitative. However, the assay was found to be simple to use and to require minimal training. The assays successfully detected BoNT types A, B, and E in a wide variety of foods, suggesting their potential usefulness as a preliminary screening system for triaging food samples with elevated BoNT levels in the event of a C. botulinum contamination event. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Sharma, Shashi K AU - Eblen, Brian S AU - Bull, Robert L AU - Burr, Donald H AU - Whiting, Richard C AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy., HFS-302, College Park, MD 20740-3835, USA. Shashi.Sharma@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 3935 EP - 3941 VL - 71 IS - 7 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Reagent Kits, Diagnostic KW - 0 KW - Botulinum Toxins KW - EC 3.4.24.69 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Food Microbiology KW - Beverages -- analysis KW - Seafood -- analysis KW - Meat -- analysis KW - Dairy Products -- analysis KW - Milk -- chemistry KW - Meat Products -- analysis KW - Botulinum Toxins -- analysis KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Clostridium botulinum -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68012591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+lateral-flow+Clostridium+botulinum+neurotoxin+detection+kits+for+food+analysis.&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Shashi+K%3BEblen%2C+Brian+S%3BBull%2C+Robert+L%3BBurr%2C+Donald+H%3BWhiting%2C+Richard+C&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Shashi&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3935&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Annu Rev Microbiol. 1999;53:551-75 [10547701] Food Chem Toxicol. 2001 Jul;39(7):649-53 [11397512] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Apr;66(4):1423-8 [10742222] Nat Struct Biol. 2000 Aug;7(8):617-9 [10932240] Anal Biochem. 2001 Apr 15;291(2):253-61 [11401299] J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2001 May 1;27(1):63-70 [11404522] J AOAC Int. 2001 Sep-Oct;84(5):1460-4 [11601465] Toxicon. 2002 Mar;40(3):255-8 [11711121] Trends Biotechnol. 2002 May;20(5):215-23 [11943377] Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2002 May;9(3):723-5 [11986286] Toxicon. 2002 Jun;40(6):797-802 [12175617] J AOAC Int. 2003 Mar-Apr;86(2):314-31 [12723917] J Immunol Methods. 2003 Aug;279(1-2):91-100 [12969550] Anal Biochem. 2003 Nov 1;322(1):89-98 [14705784] J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2004 Sep 25;809(1):37-41 [15282091] Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54 [942051] J Clin Microbiol. 1984 May;19(5):645-8 [6376538] J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Sep;20(3):379-83 [6490825] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Jul;50(1):63-7 [3927840] Anal Biochem. 1992 Sep;205(2):306-12 [1443578] J Clin Microbiol. 1993 Sep;31(9):2402-9 [8408563] J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Mar;32(3):851-3 [8195408] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1995 Jan;61(1):389-92 [7887623] Analyst. 1996 Jun;121(6):863-9 [8763210] J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Mar;35(3):578-83 [9041392] J Protein Chem. 1998 Jan;17(1):53-60 [9491928] Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2001 Jan;8(1):166-9 [11139212] JAMA. 2001 Feb 28;285(8):1059-70 [11209178] J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Jul;47(7):2733-7 [10552555] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurologic symptoms in licensed private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study. AN - 68012000; 16002376 AB - Exposure to high levels of many pesticides has both acute and long-term neurologic consequences, but little is known about the neurotoxicity of chronic exposure to moderate levels of pesticides. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 18,782 white male licensed private pesticide applicators enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study in 1993-1997. Applicators provided information on lifetime pesticide use and 23 neurologic symptoms typically associated with pesticide intoxication. An indicator of more symptoms (> or = 10 vs. 500 days, compared with never users. A modest association for fumigants [> 50 days, 1.50 (1.24-1.81)] and weaker relationships for herbicides [> 500 days, 1.32 (0.99-1.75)] and fungicides [> 50 days, 1.23 (1.00-1.50)] were observed. Pesticide use within the year before enrollment was not associated with symptom count. Only associations with insecticides and fumigants persisted when all four pesticide groups were examined simultaneously. Among chemical classes of insecticides, associations were strongest for organophosphates and organochlorines. Associations with cumulative exposure persisted after excluding individuals who had a history of pesticide poisoning or had experienced an event involving high personal pesticide exposure. These results suggest that self-reported neurologic symptoms are associated with cumulative exposure to moderate levels of fumigants and organophosphate and organochlorine insecticides, regardless of recent exposure or history of poisoning. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Kamel, Freya AU - Engel, Lawrence S AU - Gladen, Beth C AU - Hoppin, Jane A AU - Alavanja, Michael C R AU - Sandler, Dale P AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. kamel@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 877 EP - 882 VL - 113 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Agrochemicals KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Middle Aged KW - North Carolina -- epidemiology KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- adverse effects KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Iowa -- epidemiology KW - Agrochemicals -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Nervous System Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Agricultural Workers' Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Agricultural Workers' Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68012000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Neurologic+symptoms+in+licensed+private+pesticide+applicators+in+the+agricultural+health+study.&rft.au=Kamel%2C+Freya%3BEngel%2C+Lawrence+S%3BGladen%2C+Beth+C%3BHoppin%2C+Jane+A%3BAlavanja%2C+Michael+C+R%3BSandler%2C+Dale+P&rft.aulast=Kamel&rft.aufirst=Freya&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=877&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Neurotoxicology. 1999 Oct;20(5):819-26 [10591517] Am J Ind Med. 2004 Dec;46(6):599-606 [15551369] Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Apr;108(4):293-300 [10753086] Occup Environ Med. 2000 Mar;57(3):195-200 [10810102] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2000 Aug;73(6):362-8 [11007338] Lancet. 2001 Mar 31;357(9261):1014-6 [11293598] Occup Environ Med. 2001 Nov;58(11):702-10 [11600725] Epidemiology. 2002 Jan;13(1):94-9 [11805592] Int J Occup Environ Health. 2002 Jan-Mar;8(1):27-34 [11843437] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2002 Sep;12(5):313-8 [12198579] J Occup Environ Med. 2003 Feb;45(2):118-22 [12625227] Am J Ind Med. 2003 Sep;44(3):254-64 [12929145] Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Jun;112(9):950-8 [15198914] Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1974 Oct;9(2):325-37 [4438838] Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976 Feb;33(2):225-8 [1252099] Neurotoxicology. 1986 Fall;7(3):137-56 [3822255] Arch Environ Health. 1988 Jan-Feb;43(1):38-45 [3355242] Am J Public Health. 1994 Mar;84(3):446-51 [8129063] Occup Environ Med. 1995 Oct;52(10):648-53 [7489054] Arch Environ Health. 1995 Nov-Dec;50(6):440-4 [8572722] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Apr;104(4):362-9 [8732939] Am J Ind Med. 1997 Feb;31(2):233-42 [9028440] Lancet. 1997 Apr 26;349(9060):1239-43 [9130958] Occup Environ Med. 1997 May;54(5):343-50 [9196457] Occup Med. 1997 Apr-Jun;12(2):291-304 [9220487] Am J Ind Med. 1997 Nov;32(5):487-96 [9327072] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1998 Feb;24(1):18-29 [9562397] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1998 Jun;24(3):213-9 [9710374] Am J Public Health. 1998 Dec;88(12):1774-80 [9842373] Environ Res. 1999 Feb;80(2 Pt 1):172-9 [10092410] Environ Res. 1999 Feb;80(2 Pt 1):180-6 [10092411] Occup Environ Med. 1999 Jul;56(7):449-53 [10472315] Comment In: Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec;113(12):A800; author reply A800-1 [16330330] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide testing on human subjects: weighing benefits and risks. AN - 68011964; 16002367 AB - In the debate surrounding testing pesticides on human subjects, two distinct positions have emerged. The first position holds that pesticide experiments on human subjects should be allowed, but only under stringent scientific and ethical standards. The second position asserts that these experiments should never be allowed. In this article, we evaluate what we consider to be the strongest argument for the second position--namely, that the benefits of the experiments are not significant enough to justify the risks posed to healthy subjects. We challenge this argument by examining the benefits and risks of testing pesticides on human subjects. We argue that a study that intentionally exposes humans subjects to pesticides should be permitted if a) the knowledge gained from the study is expected to promote human health; b) the knowledge cannot be reasonably obtained by other means; c) the study is not expected to cause serious or irreversible harm to the subjects; and d) appropriate safeguards are in place to minimize harm to the subjects. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Resnik, David B AU - Portier, Christopher AD - Office of the Scientific Director, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. resnikd@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 813 EP - 817 VL - 113 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Toxicity Tests -- ethics KW - Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation -- ethics KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68011964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Pesticide+testing+on+human+subjects%3A+weighing+benefits+and+risks.&rft.au=Resnik%2C+David+B%3BPortier%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Resnik&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=813&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Feb;112(2):142-7 [14754567] Acad Med. 2003 Feb;78(2):237-45 [12584107] Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Jun;112(8):914-9 [15175182] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1997 Apr 25;50(6):581-94 [15279031] Science. 2004 Aug 13;305(5686):949 [15310879] Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Sep;112(13):1275-81 [15345339] Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2004 Oct;229(9):866-75 [15388881] Bioethics. 2004 Aug;18(4):361-78 [15449407] Am J Public Health. 2004 Nov;94(11):1908-16 [15514226] J Med Philos. 1994 Feb;19(1):23-40 [8201288] Pediatrics. 2004 Apr;113(4 Suppl):984-95 [15060191] JAMA. 2000 May 24-31;283(20):2701-11 [10819955] J Contemp Health Law Policy. 2000 Summer;16(2):427-58 [10921235] JAMA. 2000 Nov 1;284(17):2203-8 [11056591] JAMA. 2000 Dec 20;284(23):3043-5 [11122593] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001 Nov;10(11):1155-63 [11700263] JAMA. 2002 Jan 2;287(1):78-84 [11754712] JAMA. 2002 Jul 17;288(3):358-62 [12117401] Comment In: Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec;113(12):A804-5; author reply A805 [16330333] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Personalized exposure assessment: promising approaches for human environmental health research. AN - 68010780; 16002370 AB - New technologies and methods for assessing human exposure to chemicals, dietary and lifestyle factors, infectious agents, and other stressors provide an opportunity to extend the range of human health investigations and advance our understanding of the relationship between environmental exposure and disease. An ad hoc Committee on Environmental Exposure Technology Development was convened to identify new technologies and methods for deriving personalized exposure measurements for application to environmental health studies. The committee identified a "toolbox" of methods for measuring external (environmental) and internal (biologic) exposure and assessing human behaviors that influence the likelihood of exposure to environmental agents. The methods use environmental sensors, geographic information systems, biologic sensors, toxicogenomics, and body burden (biologic) measurements. We discuss each of the methods in relation to current use in human health research; specific gaps in the development, validation, and application of the methods are highlighted. We also present a conceptual framework for moving these technologies into use and acceptance by the scientific community. The framework focuses on understanding complex human diseases using an integrated approach to exposure assessment to define particular exposure-disease relationships and the interaction of genetic and environmental factors in disease occurrence. Improved methods for exposure assessment will result in better means of monitoring and targeting intervention and prevention programs. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Weis, Brenda K AU - Balshaw, David AU - Barr, John R AU - Brown, David AU - Ellisman, Mark AU - Lioy, Paul AU - Omenn, Gilbert AU - Potter, John D AU - Smith, Martyn T AU - Sohn, Lydia AU - Suk, William A AU - Sumner, Susan AU - Swenberg, James AU - Walt, David R AU - Watkins, Simon AU - Thompson, Claudia AU - Wilson, Samuel H AD - Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. weis@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 840 EP - 848 VL - 113 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Xenobiotics KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Body Burden KW - Toxicogenetics KW - Research KW - Geographic Information Systems KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68010780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Personalized+exposure+assessment%3A+promising+approaches+for+human+environmental+health+research.&rft.au=Weis%2C+Brenda+K%3BBalshaw%2C+David%3BBarr%2C+John+R%3BBrown%2C+David%3BEllisman%2C+Mark%3BLioy%2C+Paul%3BOmenn%2C+Gilbert%3BPotter%2C+John+D%3BSmith%2C+Martyn+T%3BSohn%2C+Lydia%3BSuk%2C+William+A%3BSumner%2C+Susan%3BSwenberg%2C+James%3BWalt%2C+David+R%3BWatkins%2C+Simon%3BThompson%2C+Claudia%3BWilson%2C+Samuel+H&rft.aulast=Weis&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=840&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nat Genet. 2002 Dec;32 Suppl:533-40 [12454650] Nat Med. 2002 Dec;8(12):1439-44 [12447357] Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Jan;111(1):115-22 [12515689] Genet Med. 2002 Nov-Dec;4(6 Suppl):21S-26S [12544483] J Cell Biochem Suppl. 2002;39:154-61 [12552615] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2003 Feb;12(2):157-60 [12582026] Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2003 Feb 24;55(3):393-401 [12628323] Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Mar;16(3):295-303 [12641429] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2003 Mar 15;187(3):137-46 [12662897] Acta Biochim Pol. 2003;50(1):61-8 [12673347] J Nutr. 2003 Jun;133(6 Suppl 1):2078S-2083S [12771369] J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Aug 25;794(1):137-48 [12888206] Proteomics. 2004 Aug;4(8):2363-5 [15274131] Analyst. 2004 Aug;129(8):745-50 [15284919] Urol Oncol. 2004 Jul-Aug;22(4):322-8 [15283891] N Engl J Med. 2004 Aug 5;351(6):533-42 [15295046] Chest. 2004 Aug;126(2 Suppl):105S-110S; 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Adolescent level of involvement in risk behaviors and belief in near-future death. AN - 67998353; 15995026 AB - We examined the association between a belief in one's future mortality and various risk-taking behaviors among urban black adolescents. In particular, we investigated whether adolescents with higher levels of participation in various risk behaviors were more likely to believe in their future death as compared with adolescents with lesser levels of risk-taking behavior. Data obtained from April 1994 to March 1997 were analyzed for a total of 2694 adolescents, aged 12 to 21 years. The odds of believing that one would die within the next 2 years were calculated for various levels of participation in risk behaviors involving alcohol, drugs, and criminal or violent acts. A total of 160 adolescents (7.1% of all boys and 5.4% of all girls) reported that they believed that they would die within the next 2 years. The adjusted odds of future death belief among adolescents who both actively engaged in and knew others who participated in all of the various risk behaviors, relative to adolescents who neither personally engaged in nor knew others who participated in any of the risk behaviors, was 3.22 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.01-5.17) vs 1.14 (95% CI: 0.67-1.95) for drug use and drug selling, 2.01 (95% CI: 1.38-2.92) vs 0.8 (95% CI: 0.39-1.62) for combined alcohol and drug use, and 5.60 (95% CI: 2.03-15.47) vs 1.61 (95% CI: 1.08-2.42) for violent physical behavior. In addition, residence in a foster home was significantly associated with death belief after adjustment for all other variables. There is a significant relationship between certain risk behaviors and belief in near-future death. Moreover, higher levels of involvement in risk behaviors were associated with a stronger likelihood of belief in near-future mortality. Identification of adolescents who engage in certain risky behaviors, combined with a recognition of the degree to which the adolescent participates in the particular behavior(s), may be used to facilitate more rapid intervention among youths who either believe in their imminent demise or engage in behaviors that increase the likelihood of their untimely death. JF - Pediatrics AU - Valadez-Meltzer, Adela AU - Silber, Tomas J AU - Meltzer, Arthur A AU - D'Angelo, Lawrence J AD - University of Maryland/Sheppard Pratt Psychiatry Residency Program, 701 W Pratt St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. ameltzer@cms.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 24 EP - 31 VL - 116 IS - 1 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Substance-Related Disorders KW - African Americans KW - Alcohol Drinking KW - Adolescent KW - Violence KW - Male KW - Female KW - Adolescent Behavior KW - Risk-Taking KW - Attitude to Death KW - Psychology, Adolescent UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67998353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pediatrics&rft.atitle=Will+I+be+alive+in+2005%3F+Adolescent+level+of+involvement+in+risk+behaviors+and+belief+in+near-future+death.&rft.au=Valadez-Meltzer%2C+Adela%3BSilber%2C+Tomas+J%3BMeltzer%2C+Arthur+A%3BD%27Angelo%2C+Lawrence+J&rft.aulast=Valadez-Meltzer&rft.aufirst=Adela&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pediatrics&rft.issn=1098-4275&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airflow limitation and changes in pulmonary function among bleachery workers. AN - 67998073; 15994400 AB - This study investigated whether chronic airflow limitation and rapid decline in pulmonary function were associated with peak exposures to ozone and other irritant gases in pulp mills. Bleachery workers potentially exposed to irritant gassings (n = 178) from three Swedish pulp mills, and a comparison group of workers not exposed to irritant gassings (n = 54) from two paper mills, were studied. Baseline surveys occurred in 1995-1996, with follow-up surveys in 1998-1999. Participants performed spirometry and answered questions regarding ozone, chlorine dioxide (ClO2), and sulphur dioxide (SO2) gassings. From regression models controlling for potential confounders, declines in both the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (-24 mL x yr(-1)) and the forced vital capacity (FVC) (-19 mL x yr(-1)) were associated with ClO2/SO2 gassings. At follow-up, the prevalence of chronic airflow limitation (i.e. FEV1/FVC less than the lower limit of normal) was elevated for participants with only pre-baseline ozone gassings and with both pre-baseline and interval ozone gassings, after controlling for potential confounders. These findings suggest that obstructive effects among bleachery workers are associated with ozone gassings, and that adverse effects on spirometry might also accompany chlorine dioxide/sulphur dioxide gassings. Peak exposures to irritant gases in pulp mills should be prevented. JF - The European respiratory journal AU - Mehta, A J AU - Henneberger, P K AU - Torén, K AU - Olin, A-C AD - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 133 EP - 139 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0903-1936, 0903-1936 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Chlorine Compounds KW - Oxides KW - Sulfur Dioxide KW - 0UZA3422Q4 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - chlorine dioxide KW - 8061YMS4RM KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Paper KW - Regression Analysis KW - Probability KW - Reference Values KW - Oxides -- adverse effects KW - Airway Resistance KW - Humans KW - Chlorine Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment KW - Ozone -- adverse effects KW - Spirometry -- methods KW - Adult KW - Cohort Studies KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Sweden -- epidemiology KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Male KW - Occupational Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Lung Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Industry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67998073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+European+respiratory+journal&rft.atitle=Airflow+limitation+and+changes+in+pulmonary+function+among+bleachery+workers.&rft.au=Mehta%2C+A+J%3BHenneberger%2C+P+K%3BTor%C3%A9n%2C+K%3BOlin%2C+A-C&rft.aulast=Mehta&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+European+respiratory+journal&rft.issn=09031936&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field test results of an automated exposure assessment tool, the local positioning system (LPS). AN - 67983803; 15986055 AB - A user-friendly environmental monitoring system that collects real time data has been developed. Flash card memory logs exposure data from multiple sensors along with corresponding times and positions. Optional use of telemetry repeaters and a reference station allows central monitoring of data to assess exposure and to initiate intervention when safe levels are exceeded. A software analysis package allows researchers to identify exposure hot spots and direct control efforts, with the ultimate goal being to reduce injury and disease. Preliminary field test results document position accuracy and system performance in harsh environments. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Lee, L A AU - Soderholm, S C AU - Flemmer, M M AU - Hornsby-Myers, J L AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, Morgantown, WV, USA. Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 736 EP - 742 VL - 7 IS - 7 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Equipment Design KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- analysis KW - Telemetry KW - Noise KW - Software KW - Satellite Communications -- instrumentation KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67983803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=Field+test+results+of+an+automated+exposure+assessment+tool%2C+the+local+positioning+system+%28LPS%29.&rft.au=Lee%2C+L+A%3BSoderholm%2C+S+C%3BFlemmer%2C+M+M%3BHornsby-Myers%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=736&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-04 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health effects classification and its role in the derivation of minimal risk levels: hepatic effects. AN - 67956678; 15869832 AB - The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) derives health based guidance values called minimal risk levels (MRLs) to assist with assessment of risks posed by exposures to hazardous chemicals. Current MRLs are posted on ATSDR's web site (www.atsdr.cdc.gov). From the total 326 MRLs currently posted, 79 MRLs are based on hepatic endpoints. The paper reports on endpoints used for the derivation of these MRLs and the use of uncertainty factors. It also describes the ranking of effects into less serious and serious categories as described in ATSDR's Guidance for Developing Toxicological Profiles. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Pohl, Hana R AU - Chou, C-H Selene J AD - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. hpohl@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 161 EP - 171 VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Hazardous Substances -- classification KW - United States Public Health Service KW - Humans KW - Biliary Tract -- pathology KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity KW - Biliary Tract -- drug effects KW - Hazardous Substances -- administration & dosage KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards KW - Severity of Illness Index KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Liver -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67956678?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Health+effects+classification+and+its+role+in+the+derivation+of+minimal+risk+levels%3A+hepatic+effects.&rft.au=Pohl%2C+Hana+R%3BChou%2C+C-H+Selene+J&rft.aulast=Pohl&rft.aufirst=Hana&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In utero exposure to background levels of polychlorinated biphenyls and cognitive functioning among school-age children. AN - 67944158; 15961582 AB - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. In utero exposure to background levels of PCBs has been associated with intellectual impairment among children in most, but not all, studies. The authors evaluated prenatal PCB exposure in relation to cognitive test (intelligence quotient (IQ)) scores on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children at age 7 years. Pregnant women were recruited from 12 US study centers from 1959 to 1965, and their children were followed until age 7 years (the Collaborative Perinatal Project). Third trimester serum was analyzed for PCBs in 1997-1999 for 732 women selected at random and for an additional 162 women whose children had either a low or a high IQ score. The PCB-IQ association was examined in multivariate models. Among those in the lowest exposure category ( or =5 microg of PCB/liter), the mean IQ was 97.6 (standard error: 1.2); and overall the increase in IQ per unit increase in PCB level (microg/liter) was 0.22 (95% confidence interval: -0.28, 0.71). In these data, in utero exposure to background levels of PCBs was not associated with lower IQ at age 7 years. JF - American journal of epidemiology AU - Gray, Kimberly A AU - Klebanoff, Mark A AU - Brock, John W AU - Zhou, Haibo AU - Darden, Rebecca AU - Needham, Larry AU - Longnecker, Matthew P AD - Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Y1 - 2005/07/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jul 01 SP - 17 EP - 26 VL - 162 IS - 1 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Pregnancy Trimester, Third KW - Humans KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- psychology KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Child Development -- drug effects KW - Child KW - Pregnancy KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Adult KW - Cohort Studies KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Male KW - Female KW - Intelligence Tests KW - Maternal Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Cognition Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- blood KW - Cognition Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Pollutants -- blood KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67944158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.atitle=In+utero+exposure+to+background+levels+of+polychlorinated+biphenyls+and+cognitive+functioning+among+school-age+children.&rft.au=Gray%2C+Kimberly+A%3BKlebanoff%2C+Mark+A%3BBrock%2C+John+W%3BZhou%2C+Haibo%3BDarden%2C+Rebecca%3BNeedham%2C+Larry%3BLongnecker%2C+Matthew+P&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-04 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential long-term neuroadaptations of glutamate receptors in the basolateral and central amygdala after withdrawal from cocaine self-administration in rats. AN - 67934548; 15953359 AB - Humans and laboratory animals remain highly vulnerable to relapse to cocaine-seeking after prolonged periods of withdrawal from the drug. It has been hypothesized that this persistent cocaine relapse vulnerability involves drug-induced alterations in glutamatergic synapses within the mesolimbic dopamine reward system. Previous studies have shown that cocaine self-administration induces long-lasting neuroadaptations in glutamate neurons of the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens. Here, we determined the effect of cocaine self-administration and subsequent withdrawal on glutamate receptor expression in the amygdala, a component of the mesolimbic dopamine system that is involved in cocaine seeking and craving induced by drug-associated cues. Rats were trained for 10 days to self-administer intravenous cocaine (6 h/day) or saline (a control condition) and were killed after one or 30 withdrawal days. Basolateral and central amygdala tissues were assayed for protein expression of the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunits (GluR1 and GluR2) and the NMDA receptor subunits (NR1, NR2A and NR2B). In the basolateral amygdala, GluR1 but not GluR2 levels were increased on days 1 and 30, NR2A levels were increased on day 1, and NR2B levels were decreased on day 30 of withdrawal from cocaine. In the central amygdala, GluR2 but not GluR1 levels were increased on days 1 and 30, NR1 levels were increased on day 30 and NR2A or NR2B levels were not altered after withdrawal from cocaine. These results indicate that cocaine self-administration and subsequent withdrawal induces long-lasting and differential neuroadaptations in basolateral and central amygdala glutamate receptors. JF - Journal of neurochemistry AU - Lu, Lin AU - Dempsey, Jack AU - Shaham, Yavin AU - Hope, Bruce T AD - Behavioral Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute on Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. llu@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 161 EP - 168 VL - 94 IS - 1 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - Receptors, Glutamate KW - 0 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Time KW - Self Administration KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Male KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Glutamate -- genetics KW - Amygdala -- metabolism KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- metabolism KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- physiology KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- genetics KW - Receptors, Glutamate -- physiology KW - Receptors, Glutamate -- biosynthesis KW - Amygdala -- drug effects KW - Cocaine -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67934548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.atitle=Differential+long-term+neuroadaptations+of+glutamate+receptors+in+the+basolateral+and+central+amygdala+after+withdrawal+from+cocaine+self-administration+in+rats.&rft.au=Lu%2C+Lin%3BDempsey%2C+Jack%3BShaham%2C+Yavin%3BHope%2C+Bruce+T&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Lin&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.issn=00223042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organochlorines in carpet dust and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. AN - 67922653; 15951670 AB - The incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has risen over the past several decades. Reasons for this increase are largely unexplained. In this population-based case-control study, we examined NHL risk and exposure to organochlorine compounds using concentrations in carpet dust as an exposure indicator. We identified NHL cases, uninfected with HIV, diagnosed between 1998 and 2000 among women and men ages 20-74 years in Iowa, Los Angeles County, and the Detroit and Seattle metropolitan areas. Controls were selected using random-digit-dialing or Medicare files. Organochlorine concentrations were measured in vacuum bag dust from 603 white cases and 443 white controls who had owned most of their carpets for at least 5 years. NHL risk was elevated if any of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners (PCBs 105, 138, 153, 170, or 180) was detected (odds ratio = 1.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.2-2.0). Risk was elevated in the top tertile of PCB 180 (1.7; 1.1-2.6) and in the top 2 tertiles of total PCBs (middle tertile, 1.6 [1.1-2.4]; top tertile 1.5 [1.0-2.2]). There was a positive trend in risk with increasing PCB 180 levels (P trend = 0.03). NHL risk was elevated if dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) was detected (1.3; 1.0-1.7), but only among men. A positive, but not monotonic, dose-response relationship was observed for DDE (P trend = 0.02). Our findings suggest an increased risk of NHL associated with exposure to PCBs, with evidence of greater effects for PCB 180. There is also some evidence of an association with DDE. JF - Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) AU - Colt, Joanne S AU - Severson, Richard K AU - Lubin, Jay AU - Rothman, Nat AU - Camann, David AU - Davis, Scott AU - Cerhan, James R AU - Cozen, Wendy AU - Hartge, Patricia AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA. coltj@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 516 EP - 525 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1044-3983, 1044-3983 KW - Dust KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - Regression Analysis KW - Humans KW - European Continental Ancestry Group KW - SEER Program KW - Adult KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pesticides -- toxicity KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- epidemiology KW - Floors and Floorcoverings KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67922653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.atitle=Organochlorines+in+carpet+dust+and+non-Hodgkin+lymphoma.&rft.au=Colt%2C+Joanne+S%3BSeverson%2C+Richard+K%3BLubin%2C+Jay%3BRothman%2C+Nat%3BCamann%2C+David%3BDavis%2C+Scott%3BCerhan%2C+James+R%3BCozen%2C+Wendy%3BHartge%2C+Patricia&rft.aulast=Colt&rft.aufirst=Joanne&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=516&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.issn=10443983&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of erythromycin A on the microbial populations in aquaculture sediment microcosms. AN - 67902945; 15935863 AB - Degradation of erythromycin A was studied using two sediment samples obtained from the salmon and trout hatchery sites at Hupp Springs (HS) and Goldendale (GD), Washington, United States. The former site had been treated for 3 years with erythromycin-medicated feed prior to the experiments, and the latter site had not been treated with any antibiotic for at least 6 years. The two sediment microcosms treated with either N-[methyl-14C]erythromycin A or [1,3,5,7,9,11,13-14C]erythromycin A showed S-curves for erythromycin A mineralization with a prolonged lag time of 120 days, except for GD microcosms treated with [1,3,5,7,9,11,13-14C]erythromycin A. We proposed a simplified logistic model to interpret the mineralization curves under the assumption of the low densities of initial populations metabolizing erythromycin A. The model was helpful for knowing the biological potential for erythromycin A degradation in sediments. Although erythromycin A added to the two sediment microcosms did not significantly alter the numbers of total viable aerobic bacteria or erythromycin-resistant bacteria, it affected the bacterial composition. The influence on the bacterial composition appeared to be greater in GD microcosms without pre-exposure to antibiotics. PCR-RFLP and DNA sequence analyses of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and the erythromycin esterase (ere) gene revealed that ereA type 2 (ereA2) was present in potentially erythromycin-degrading Pseudomonas spp. strains GD100, GD200, HS100, HS200 and HS300, isolated from erythromycin-treated and non-treated GD and HS microcosms. Erythromycin A appeared to influence the development and proliferation of strain GD200, possibly via the lateral gene transfer of ereA2. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Kim, Yong-Hak AU - Cerniglia, Carl E AD - Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. yhkim660628@hotmail.com Y1 - 2005/07/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jul 01 SP - 230 EP - 241 VL - 73 IS - 3 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - DNA Primers KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S KW - Erythromycin KW - 63937KV33D KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Washington KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S -- genetics KW - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length KW - Kinetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Pseudomonas -- genetics KW - Erythromycin -- chemistry KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- metabolism KW - Geologic Sediments -- microbiology KW - Erythromycin -- metabolism KW - Pseudomonas -- drug effects KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- toxicity KW - Erythromycin -- toxicity KW - Rivers -- chemistry KW - Pseudomonas -- metabolism KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67902945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Influence+of+erythromycin+A+on+the+microbial+populations+in+aquaculture+sediment+microcosms.&rft.au=Kim%2C+Yong-Hak%3BCerniglia%2C+Carl+E&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Yong-Hak&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health-related disparities: influence of environmental factors. AN - 67885396; 15925646 AB - Racial disparities in health cannot be explained solely on the basis of poverty, access to health care, behavior, or environmental factors. Their complex etiology is dependent on interactions between all these factors plus genetics. Scientists have been slow to consider genetics as a risk factor because genetic polymorphisms tend to be more variable within a race than between races. Now that studies are demonstrating the existence of racial differences in allelic frequencies for multiple genes affecting a single biologic mechanism, the present argument for a significant genetic role in contributing to health disparities is gaining support. Individuals vary, often significantly, in their response to environmental agents. This variability provides a high "background noise" when scientists examine human populations to identify environmental links to disease. This variability often masks important environmental contributors to disease risk and is a major impediment to efforts to investigate the causes of diseases.Fortunately, investments in the various genome projects have led to the development of tools and databases that can be used to help identify the genetic variations in environmental response genes that can lead to such wide differences in disease susceptibility. NIEHS developed the environ-mental genome project to catalog these genetic variants (polymorphisms)and to identify the ones that play a major role in human susceptibility to environmental agents. This information is being used in epidemiologic studies to pinpoint environmental contributors to disease better. The research summarized in this article is critically important for tying genetics and the environment to health disparities, and for the development of a rational approach to gauge environmental threats. Common variants in genes play pivotal roles in determining if or when illness or death result from exposure to drugs or environmental xenobiotics. Most common variants exist in all human populations, but their frequency can vary substantially,rendering individuals or groups more or less susceptible to particular environmental exposures. Such findings are consistent with the highly publicized analogy, "genetics loads the gun, but the environment pulls the trigger." That is, one can inherit the genetic predisposition to develop a disease but will do so only if or when exposed to the environmental trigger. Poor people have approximately the same genetic makeup as everyone else,but they have the unfortunate experience of living and working in environments containing multiple and high levels of carcinogens or other toxicants capable of interacting with susceptibility genes to cause disease.Furthermore, certain disadvantaged ethnic groups may have a higher incidence of certain susceptible genes that render them more vulnerable to adverse effects of the environments they inhabit. For both of these reasons,much of the nation's disease burden could likely be reduced through better environmental protection practices, especially in low-income and minority communities. Of the many implications of polymorphisms and frequency variations for public health and the practice of medicine, however, none is more urgent than the choice of drugs in therapy. Using such knowledge,randomized trials have identified race-specific drug response differences between blacks and whites [42].To date, most knowledge of the health effects of environmental factors is derived from studies of single agents. The reality, though, is that environmental contributions to health disparities are mostly from multiple agents. These simultaneous exposures to multiple risk factors, which may accumulate or interact synergistically, remain to be fully explained and defined.Finally, health disparity is a significant public health problem that cannot be solved using "business as usual" approaches for funding and priority setting. The current emphasis on basic and clinical research at the exclusion of public health and the social sciences does not provide the interdisciplinary research teams necessary to address such a complex problem as health disparities. Although the poor will always be with us, their health could be greatly improved if social, environmental, and genetic scientists could find ways to collaborate and develop more insightful and relevant ways to address the health of disadvantaged communities. JF - The Medical clinics of North America AU - Olden, Kenneth AU - White, Sandra L AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, United States Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. olden@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 721 EP - 738 VL - 89 IS - 4 SN - 0025-7125, 0025-7125 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Environment KW - Gene Frequency KW - Disease Susceptibility -- epidemiology KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease -- epidemiology KW - Research KW - Obesity -- epidemiology KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Delivery of Health Care -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Minority Groups -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67885396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Medical+clinics+of+North+America&rft.atitle=Health-related+disparities%3A+influence+of+environmental+factors.&rft.au=Olden%2C+Kenneth%3BWhite%2C+Sandra+L&rft.aulast=Olden&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=721&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Medical+clinics+of+North+America&rft.issn=00257125&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorimaging detection and quantitation for isotopic ion flux assays AN - 20297252; 7536538 AB - A 96-well-microplate-based ion flux method utilizing readily available autoradiographic phosphorimaging detection is described. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated 22Na influx in four cultured cell lines provided satisfactory concentration-response data for epibatidine and several other nicotinic agonists. The data were consistent with data obtained using standard 6-well assays. Assays for nicotinic-receptor-mediated 86Rb efflux produced data similar to data obtained with the 22Na influx assay. However, assays for 45Ca influx were not successful, although 45Ca was readily detected and quantified. Voltage-gated sodium channel-mediated 22Na influx in a neuroblastoma cell line allowed assay of the effects of such sodium channel activators as batrachotoxin and a pumiliotoxin B/scorpion venom combination. Phosphorimaging detection allows for reliable beta counting of up to 1200 simultaneous samples with excellent sensitivity and is amenable for application to high-throughput screening. JF - Analytical Biochemistry AU - Fitch, Richard W AU - Daly, John W AD - Section on Drug-Receptor Interactions, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, rfitch@indstate.edu Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 260 EP - 270 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 342 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2697, 0003-2697 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Nicotine KW - Acetylcholine receptor KW - Epibatidine KW - Radioisotope tracing KW - Sodium channel KW - Sodium influx KW - Rubidium efflux KW - Batrachotoxin KW - Autoradiography KW - Data processing KW - Sodium channels (voltage-gated) KW - Neuroblastoma cells KW - high-throughput screening KW - Enumeration KW - Venom KW - Quantitation KW - epibatidine KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20297252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Phosphorimaging+detection+and+quantitation+for+isotopic+ion+flux+assays&rft.au=Fitch%2C+Richard+W%3BDaly%2C+John+W&rft.aulast=Fitch&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=342&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00032697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ab.2005.04.041 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium channels (voltage-gated); Data processing; Neuroblastoma cells; high-throughput screening; Enumeration; Venom; Quantitation; epibatidine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2005.04.041 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of structure-activity relationship analysis in the food contact notification program AN - 19804399; 8251054 AB - Food contact substances (FCS) include polymers, paper and paperboard, and substances used in their manufacture, that do not impart a technical effect on food. Moreover, FCSs are industrial chemicals generally consumed at dietary concentrations (DC) of less than 1mg /kg food (ppm), and more commonly at less than 0.05ppm (50ppb), in the daily diet. As such, many industrial chemicals have been analyzed for toxicological concern, some of which may share structural similarity with FCSs or their constituents, and the majority of these studies are available in the public domain. The DCs of these compounds lend themselves to using structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis, as the available ''expert systems'' and use of analogs allows for prediction and management of potential carcinogens. This paper describes the newly implemented food contact notification (FCN) program, the program by which FDA reviews FCSs for safe use, the administrative review of FCSs, the SAR tools available to FDA, and qualitative and quantitative risk assessments using SAR analysis within the regulatory framework of reviewing the safety of FCSs. JF - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Bailey, AB AU - Chanderbhan, R AU - Collazo-Braier, N AU - Cheeseman, MA AU - Twaroski, M L AD - Office of Food Additive Safety, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, HFS-275, College Park, MD 20740, USA, Michelle.Twaroski@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 225 EP - 235 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Risk assessment KW - Diets KW - structure-activity relationships KW - Food KW - Carcinogens KW - Dendritic cells KW - Reviews KW - FDA KW - Expert systems KW - Polymers KW - Structure-activity relationships KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19804399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+use+of+structure-activity+relationship+analysis+in+the+food+contact+notification+program&rft.au=Bailey%2C+AB%3BChanderbhan%2C+R%3BCollazo-Braier%2C+N%3BCheeseman%2C+MA%3BTwaroski%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.yrtph.2005.04.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Risk assessment; Dendritic cells; Food; Expert systems; Carcinogens; Structure-activity relationships; Chemicals; structure-activity relationships; Reviews; FDA; Polymers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2005.04.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of competitive exclusion bacteria applied to newly hatched chickens AN - 19766971; 6644554 AB - Competitive exclusion (CE) products are mixtures of obligate and facultative anaerobic bacteria applied to poultry hatchlings for prevention of Salmonella colonization. These mixtures have the potential to introduce bacteria with undesirable antimicrobial drug resistance traits into the human food supply. Antimicrobial drug susceptibilities of 27 obligate and facultative anaerobes isolated from a commercial CE product were evaluated with a microdilution minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. Bacteroides distasonis and Bacteroides fragilis isolates were resistant to tetracycline and other antimicrobial drugs. An Escherichia coli isolate was resistant to four antimicrobial drugs: erythromycin, penicillin, vancomycin, and tylosin. Erythromycin-resistant enterococci and vancomycin-resistant Lactococcus lactis isolates in the CE product were detected. These findings suggest that more work needs to be done to assess the potential effects of CE product use in poultry on the food supply. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Wagner, RDoug AU - Cerniglia, Carl E AD - Microbiology Division, HFT-250, FDA National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Rd., Jefferson, AR 72079, United States, dwagner@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 349 EP - 353 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Competitive exclusion KW - Antimicrobial susceptibility testing KW - Anaerobic KW - Poultry KW - Antimicrobial drug resistance KW - Bacteroides fragilis KW - Lactococcus lactis KW - Drug resistance KW - Food KW - Erythromycin KW - Tetracyclines KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - Penicillin KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Colonization KW - Bacteroides distasonis KW - Escherichia coli KW - Vancomycin KW - Tylosin KW - Salmonella KW - Drugs KW - Anaerobic bacteria KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01064:Microbial resistance KW - A 01017:Human foods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19766971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Antimicrobial+susceptibility+patterns+of+competitive+exclusion+bacteria+applied+to+newly+hatched+chickens&rft.au=Wagner%2C+RDoug%3BCerniglia%2C+Carl+E&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=RDoug&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2004.11.034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poultry; Food; Drug resistance; Tetracyclines; Erythromycin; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Penicillin; Antimicrobial agents; Colonization; Vancomycin; Tylosin; Drugs; Anaerobic bacteria; Bacteroides fragilis; Lactococcus lactis; Bacteroides distasonis; Escherichia coli; Salmonella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.11.034 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of ergonomics interventions used to reduce musculoskeletal loading for building installation tasks AN - 19754890; 7572788 AB - Skilled workers in the mechanical and electrical installation (M/EI) building and construction trades experience high rates of disabling work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The M/EI trades involve installing piping; heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), and electrical systems in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. In the absence of an ergonomics standard in the United States, some building and construction contractors, including M/EI sector contractors, have implemented various ergonomics interventions on their worksites on a voluntary basis. However, no data were available to determine the type of voluntary control measures being implemented, the task-specific hazards for which control measures needed to be developed or refined, and perceived barriers to improving hazard control. As part of a larger effort to obtain this data, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) organized a stakeholder meeting to gather information regarding ergonomics interventions or 'best practices' by M/EI contractors and tradespeople. The attendees included 39 industry representatives, 17 construction ergonomics researchers from government and academia, and four ergonomics consultants with experience in the construction industry. Participants spent more than 50% of time meeting in small trade-specific breakout sessions. According to the participants, tasks common to the three trades included (1) drill holes and shoot fasteners; (2) place and install systems, and (3) lift and carry materials and equipment. Engineering interventions described in the stakeholder meeting included tools, equipment, and engineered building materials; administrative controls largely consisted of training and education programs and modifications of work and management practice. Most participants believed that there were significant limits to the impact individual contractors and tradespeople could have in leading ergonomics improvement in the building and construction industry. JF - Applied Ergonomics AU - Albers, Jim AU - Estill, Cherie AU - MacDonald, Leslie AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4676 Columbia Parkway, MS C-24, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, jalbers@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 427 EP - 439 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 36 IS - 4 SN - 0003-6870, 0003-6870 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Special Issue: Ergonomics in Building and Construction KW - Construction industry KW - Work-related musculoskeletal disorder KW - Ergonomics intervention KW - USA KW - best practices KW - Air conditioning KW - intervention KW - Occupational safety KW - Buildings KW - stakeholders KW - Ergonomics KW - working conditions KW - musculoskeletal system KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19754890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Ergonomics&rft.atitle=Identification+of+ergonomics+interventions+used+to+reduce+musculoskeletal+loading+for+building+installation+tasks&rft.au=Albers%2C+Jim%3BEstill%2C+Cherie%3BMacDonald%2C+Leslie&rft.aulast=Albers&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Ergonomics&rft.issn=00036870&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apergo.2004.07.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - best practices; Air conditioning; intervention; Occupational safety; stakeholders; Buildings; musculoskeletal system; Construction industry; working conditions; Ergonomics; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2004.07.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of antimicrobial resistance and class 1 integrons in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli recovered from humans and food animals AN - 19516773; 6479525 AB - OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to identify antimicrobial resistance and class 1 integrons among Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). METHODS: Two-hundred and seventy-four STEC recovered from poultry, cattle, swine and humans were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, screened for the presence of class 1 integrons by PCR, and assayed for integron transfer by conjugation. RESULTS: Ninety-three (34%) of the isolates were resistant to streptomycin, followed by 89 (32%) to sulfamethoxazole, 83 (30%) to tetracycline, 48 (18%) to ampicillin, 29 (11%) to cefalothin, 22 (8%) to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 18 (7%) to gentamicin, 13 (5%) to chloramphenicol and 10 (4%) to cefoxitin. Class 1 integrons were detected in 43 (16%) of the 274 isolates. The adenyl acetyltransferase gene, aadA, which confers resistance to streptomycin, was identified in integrons from 41 (95%) of these 43 isolates, and the dfrA12 gene, which confers resistance to trimethoprim, was identified in integrons from eight (19%) of the isolates. The sat1 gene, which confers resistance to streptothricin, an antimicrobial that has never been approved for use in the United States, was identified in integrons from three (7%) of the isolates. Transfer of integrons by conjugation between strains of E. coli resulted in transfer of antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes for ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cefalothin, gentamicin, tetracycline, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole and streptomycin. CONCLUSIONS: Antimicrobial resistance is common in STEC. Class 1 integrons located on mobile plasmids have facilitated the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance among STEC in humans and food animals. JF - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy AU - Singh, Ruby AU - Schroeder, Carl M AU - Meng, Jianghong AU - White, David G AU - McDermott, Patrick F AU - Wagner, David D AU - Yang, Hanchun AU - Simjee, Shabbir AU - DebRoy, Chitrita AU - Walker, Robert D AU - Zhao, Shaohua AD - Division of Animal and Food Microbiology, Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food & Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 216 EP - 219 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 56 IS - 1 SN - 0305-7453, 0305-7453 KW - sat1 gene KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Poultry KW - Chloramphenicol KW - Conjugation KW - Trimethoprim KW - Sulfamethoxazole KW - Food KW - Drug resistance KW - Ampicillin KW - Streptomycin KW - Tetracyclines KW - Plasmids KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Gentamicin KW - Acetyltransferase KW - Escherichia coli KW - Streptothricin KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Antimicrobial resistance KW - Cefoxitin KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants KW - J 02795:Antibiotic resistance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19516773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Antimicrobial+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Identification+of+antimicrobial+resistance+and+class+1+integrons+in+Shiga+toxin-producing+Escherichia+coli+recovered+from+humans+and+food+animals&rft.au=Singh%2C+Ruby%3BSchroeder%2C+Carl+M%3BMeng%2C+Jianghong%3BWhite%2C+David+G%3BMcDermott%2C+Patrick+F%3BWagner%2C+David+D%3BYang%2C+Hanchun%3BSimjee%2C+Shabbir%3BDebRoy%2C+Chitrita%3BWalker%2C+Robert+D%3BZhao%2C+Shaohua&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Ruby&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Antimicrobial+Chemotherapy&rft.issn=03057453&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trimethoprim; Conjugation; Chloramphenicol; Poultry; Sulfamethoxazole; Drug resistance; Food; Ampicillin; Streptomycin; Plasmids; Tetracyclines; Antimicrobial agents; Gentamicin; Acetyltransferase; Polymerase chain reaction; Streptothricin; Antimicrobial resistance; Cefoxitin; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CD4 super(-)CD8 super(-) T cells control intracellular bacterial infections both in vitro and in vivo AN - 17648445; 6476615 AB - Memory T cells, including the well-known CD4 super(+) and CD8 super(+) T cells, are central components of the acquired immune system and are the basis for successful vaccination. After infection, CD4 super(+) and CD8 super(+) T cells expand into effector cells, and then differentiate into long-lived memory cells. We show that a rare population of CD4 super(-)CD8 super(-)CD3 super(+) alpha beta super(+) gamma delta super(-)NK1.1 super(-) T cells has similar functions. These cells potently and specifically inhibit the growth of the intracellular bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb.) or Francisella tularensis Live Vaccine Strain (LVS) in macrophages in vitro, promote survival of mice infected with these organisms in vivo, and adoptively transfer immunity to F. tularensis LVS. Furthermore, these cells expand in the spleens of mice infected with M. tb. or F. tularensis LVS, and then acquire a memory cell phenotype. Thus, CD4 super(-)CD8 super(-) T cells have a role in the control of intracellular infection and may contribute to successful vaccination. JF - Journal of Experimental Medicine AU - Cowley, Siobhan C AU - Hamilton, Elizabeth AU - Frelinger, Jeffrey A AU - Su, Jie AU - Forman, James AU - Elkins, Karen L AD - Laboratory of Mycobacterial Diseases and Cellular Immunology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20852. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599. Center for Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 309 EP - 319 PB - Rockefeller University Press, 1114 First Avenue New York NY 10021-8325 USA, [mailto:Bruce.Lyons@rockefeller.edu], [URL:http://www.rockefeller.edu/rupress] VL - 202 IS - 2 SN - 0022-1007, 0022-1007 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17648445?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Medicine&rft.atitle=CD4+super%28-%29CD8+super%28-%29+T+cells+control+intracellular+bacterial+infections+both+in+vitro+and+in+vivo&rft.au=Cowley%2C+Siobhan+C%3BHamilton%2C+Elizabeth%3BFrelinger%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BSu%2C+Jie%3BForman%2C+James%3BElkins%2C+Karen+L&rft.aulast=Cowley&rft.aufirst=Siobhan&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=202&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Medicine&rft.issn=00221007&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute Illnesses Associated With Pesticide Exposure at Schools AN - 17648347; 6478490 AB - CONTEXT: Pesticides continue to be used on school property, and some schools are at risk of pesticide drift exposure from neighboring farms, which leads to pesticide exposure among students and school employees. However, information on the magnitude of illnesses and risk factors associated with these pesticide exposures is not available. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the magnitude of and associated risk factors for pesticide-related illnesses at schools. Design, Setting, and Participants Analysis of surveillance data from 1998 to 2002 of 2593 persons with acute pesticide-related illnesses associated with exposure at schools. Nationwide information on pesticide-related illnesses is routinely collected by 3 national pesticide surveillance systems: the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational Risks pesticides program, the California Department of Pesticide Regulation, and the Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence rates and severity of acute pesticide-related illnesses. RESULTS: Incidence rates for 1998-2002 were 7.4 cases per million children and 27.3 cases per million school employee full-time equivalents. The incidence rates among children increased significantly from 1998 to 2002. Illness of high severity was found in 3 cases (0.1%), moderate severity in 275 cases (11%), and low severity in 2315 cases (89%). Most illnesses were associated with insecticides (n = 895, 35%), disinfectants (n = 830, 32%), repellents (n = 335, 13%), or herbicides (n = 279, 11%). Among 406 cases with detailed information on the source of pesticide exposure, 281 (69%) were associated with pesticides used at schools and 125 (31%) were associated with pesticide drift exposure from farmland. CONCLUSIONS: Pesticide exposure at schools produces acute illnesses among school employees and students. To prevent pesticide-related illnesses at schools, implementation of integrated pest management programs in schools, practices to reduce pesticide drift, and adoption of pesticide spray buffer zones around schools are recommended. JF - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association AU - Alarcon, Walter A AU - Calvert, Geoffrey M AU - Blondell, Jerome M AU - Mehler, Louise N AU - Sievert, Jennifer AU - Propeck, Maria AU - Tibbetts, Dorothy S AU - Becker, Alan AU - Lackovic, Michelle AU - Soileau, Shannon B AU - Das, Rupali AU - Beckman, John AU - Male, Dorilee P AU - Thomsen, Catherine L AU - Stanbury, Martha AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 455 EP - 465 PB - American Medical Association, 515 N. State St. Chicago IL 60610 USA VL - 294 IS - 4 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - H 5000:Pesticides KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17648347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA%3A+Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association&rft.atitle=Acute+Illnesses+Associated+With+Pesticide+Exposure+at+Schools&rft.au=Alarcon%2C+Walter+A%3BCalvert%2C+Geoffrey+M%3BBlondell%2C+Jerome+M%3BMehler%2C+Louise+N%3BSievert%2C+Jennifer%3BPropeck%2C+Maria%3BTibbetts%2C+Dorothy+S%3BBecker%2C+Alan%3BLackovic%2C+Michelle%3BSoileau%2C+Shannon+B%3BDas%2C+Rupali%3BBeckman%2C+John%3BMale%2C+Dorilee+P%3BThomsen%2C+Catherine+L%3BStanbury%2C+Martha&rft.aulast=Alarcon&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=294&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA%3A+Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complement Depletion Renders C57BL/6 Mice Sensitive to the Bacillus anthracis Sterne Strain AN - 17629443; 6426202 AB - Concerns regarding safety and control of virulent Bacillus anthracis have created substantial hurdles to the study of anthrax. The Sterne strain is considered relatively safe to study, but this acapsular strain has a defect in normal mice and is often studied in A/J mice. A/J mice are highly susceptible to the Sterne strain, due to a defect in the Hc locus, which encodes complement factor 5 (C5). Here we show that normally resistant C57BL/6 mice become highly susceptible to the Sterne strain upon complement depletion with cobra venom factor. This generalizable approach should allow the virulence of anthrax to be studied under relatively safe conditions and using a wide variety of mouse strains. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Harvill, Eric T AU - Lee, Gloria AU - Grippe, Vanessa K AU - Merkel, Tod J AD - Laboratory of Respiratory and Special Pathogens, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 8800 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Immunology Research Laboratories, Department of Veterinary Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 4420 EP - 4422 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 7 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - F 06106:Bacteria KW - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17629443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Complement+Depletion+Renders+C57BL%2F6+Mice+Sensitive+to+the+Bacillus+anthracis+Sterne+Strain&rft.au=Harvill%2C+Eric+T%3BLee%2C+Gloria%3BGrippe%2C+Vanessa+K%3BMerkel%2C+Tod+J&rft.aulast=Harvill&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent Advances in Biodynamics of Human Hand-Arm System AN - 17584605; 6474182 AB - The biodynamics of human hand-arm system is one of the most important foundations for the measurement, evaluation, and risk assessment of hand- transmitted vibration (HTV) exposure. This paper presents a new conceptual model relating factors influencing cause-effect relationships for HTV exposure, a new study strategy, and a comprehensive review of the recent advances in the biodynamics closely associated with HTV exposure. The review covers the following five aspects: theoretical modeling of biodynamic responses, vibration transmissibility, driving-point biodynamic responses, evaluation of anti-vibration gloves, and applied forces. This review finds that some significant advances in each of these aspects have been achieved in the recent years. Several important issues and problems in the biodynamic measurement have been identified and resolved, which has significantly helped improve the reliability and accuracy of the experimental data. The results reported in recent years suggest that, from the point of view of biodynamics, the frequency weighting specified in ISO 5349-1 (2001) overestimates the low frequency effect but underestimates the high frequency effect on the fingers and hand. The major problems, issues, and topics for further studies are also outlined in this paper. It is anticipated that the further studies of the biodynamics of the system will eventually lead to establishment of a robust vibration exposure theory. Although this review focuses on the biodynamics of the hand-arm system, the fundamental concepts and some methodologies reviewed in this paper may also be applicable for the study of whole-body vibration exposure. JF - Industrial Health AU - Dong, R G AU - Wu, J Z AU - Welcome, DE AD - Engineering & Control Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 449 EP - 471 VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0019-8366, 0019-8366 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - gloves KW - Protective clothing KW - Hand-arm vibration syndrome KW - Vibration KW - Reviews KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17584605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Recent+Advances+in+Biodynamics+of+Human+Hand-Arm+System&rft.au=Dong%2C+R+G%3BWu%2C+J+Z%3BWelcome%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Industrial+Health&rft.issn=00198366&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Vibration; Risk assessment; Protective clothing; Hand-arm vibration syndrome; Occupational exposure; gloves ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frequency Weightings Based on Biodynamics of Fingers-Hand-Arm System AN - 17582305; 6474188 AB - The frequency weighting for assessing hand-transmitted vibration exposure is critical to obtaining a true dose-response relationship. Any valid weighting must have a solid theoretical foundation. The objectives of this study are to examine the biodynamic foundation for assessing the vibration exposure and to develop a set of biodynamic methods to formulate the frequency weightings for different anatomical locations of the fingers- hand-arm system. The vibration transmissibility measured on the fingers, hand, wrist, elbow, shoulder, and head was used to define the transmitted acceleration-based (TAB) frequency weighting. The apparent masses measured at the fingers and the palm of the hand were used to construct the biodynamic force-based (BFB) weightings. These weightings were compared with the ISO weighting specified in ISO 5349-1 (2001). The results of this study suggest that the frequency weightings for the vibration-induced problems at different anatomical locations of the hand-arm system can be basically divided into three groups: (a) the weighting for the fingers and hand, (b) the weighting for the wrist, elbow, and shoulder, and (c) the weighting for the head. The ISO weighting is highly correlated with the weighting for the second group but not with the first and third groups. The TAB and BFB finger weightings are quite different at frequencies lower than 100 Hz, but they show similar trends at higher frequencies. Both TAB and BFB finger weightings at frequencies higher than 20 Hz are greater than the ISO weighting. JF - Industrial Health AU - Dong, R G AU - Welcome, DE AU - Wu, J Z AD - Engineering & Control Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 516 EP - 526 VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0019-8366, 0019-8366 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Hand-arm vibration syndrome KW - Dose-response effects KW - Vibration KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17582305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Frequency+Weightings+Based+on+Biodynamics+of+Fingers-Hand-Arm+System&rft.au=Dong%2C+R+G%3BWelcome%2C+DE%3BWu%2C+J+Z&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=516&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Industrial+Health&rft.issn=00198366&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vibration; Occupational exposure; Hand-arm vibration syndrome; Dose-response effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nicotine Exposure and Decontamination on Tobacco Harvesters' Hands AN - 17567287; 6475203 AB - Green tobacco sickness is an illness associated with nicotine exposures among tobacco harvesters. Agricultural workers manually harvest tobacco and thus have the potential for skin exposure to nicotine, particularly on the hands. Often gloves are not worn as it hinders the harvesters' ability to harvest the tobacco leaves. The purposes of this study were to measure the concentration of nicotine residue on the hands of tobacco harvesters and the effectiveness of hand washing at removing the residue. Wipe samples from the hands of 12 tobacco harvesters were collected at the end of morning and afternoon work periods over two consecutive days. Each harvester had one hand wiped before washing his hands, and the other hand wiped after washing his hands with soap and water. Eight samples per worker were collected over the two days for a total of 96 samples collected. In addition to the hand-wipe samples, leaf-wipe samples were collected from 15 tobacco plants to estimate the amount of nicotine residue on the plants. The average nicotine level in leaf-wipe samples was 1.0 mu g cm super(-2). The geometric mean pre-wash and post-wash nicotine levels on the hands were 10 and 0.38 mu g cm super(-2), respectively. Nicotine leaf-wipe level, right or left hand and time of sampling did not significantly influence exposure. Job position-working on the bottom versus the top of the tobacco harvesting machine-was associated with nicotine levels. Pre-wash nicotine levels were higher for workers on the bottom of the harvester but not significantly higher (P = 0.17). Post-wash nicotine levels were significantly higher for workers on the bottom of the harvester (P = 0.012). A substantial amount of nicotine was transferred to the hands, but washing with soap and water in the field significantly reduced nicotine levels by an average of 96% (P < 0.0001). JF - Annals of Occupational Hygiene AU - Curwin, Brian D AU - Hein, Misty J AU - Sanderson, Wayne T AU - Nishioka, Marcia G AU - Buhler, Wayne AD - Industrywide Studies Branch, Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway MSR-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 407 EP - 413 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 49 IS - 5 SN - 0003-4878, 0003-4878 KW - Green tobacco sickness KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Skin KW - Residues KW - Decontamination KW - gloves KW - Nicotine KW - Tobacco KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17567287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Occupational+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Nicotine+Exposure+and+Decontamination+on+Tobacco+Harvesters%27+Hands&rft.au=Curwin%2C+Brian+D%3BHein%2C+Misty+J%3BSanderson%2C+Wayne+T%3BNishioka%2C+Marcia+G%3BBuhler%2C+Wayne&rft.aulast=Curwin&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Occupational+Hygiene&rft.issn=00034878&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nicotine; Tobacco; Occupational exposure; Residues; Skin; gloves; Agriculture; Decontamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modulation of intracellular cytokines in draining lymph node cells following allergen and irritant AN - 17566879; 6448326 AB - The murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) has been developed as an alternative to guinea pig models for the assessment of the contact sensitization potential. However, there is a need to develop a non-radioisotopic endpoint for the LLNA because of the radioisotopic method's requiring the use of special facilities. In this study, we investigated to evaluate the populations of intracellular cytokine producing cells and to analyze the expression of mRNA levels in the lymph node (LN) cells following allergen and irritant. Female Balb/c mice were treated by the topical application on the dorsum of both ears with strong sensitizers, 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and a strong irritant, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), once daily for 3 consecutive days. The lymph node cells were harvested 72 h after the final treatment. The analysis of intracellular cytokine cell in LN cells was performed with a flow cytometry. Mice were treated with DNCB and TDI showed a preferential increase in the percentage of CD4+IL-2+ cells compared with vehicle and irritant-treated mice. There was an increase in CD4+IFN-g+ cells of mice treated with DNCB and TDI, but no significant increases were observed in mice treated with SLS. Mice were treated with DNCB and TDI showed an increase in the percentage of CD4+IL-4+ cells compared with vehicle and irritant-treated mice. There was an increase in the mRNA level for interleukin 4 (IL-4) in mice treated with DNCB and TDI, but no significant increases were observed in mice treated with SLS. These results suggest that the population of interferon-gamma (IFN-g+) and IL-4+ cells on CD4+ cells and the mRNA expression for IL-4 in lymphocytes could be selectively modulated in allergen-treated mice. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Lee, J K AU - Park, J H AU - Eom, J H AU - Kim, H S AU - Oh, HY AD - Division of Immunotoxicology, National Institute of Toxicology Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, 122-704 Seoul, South Korea, jkleest@kfda.go.kr Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 225 EP - 232 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 1382-6689, 1382-6689 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Interleukin 4 KW - Local lymph node assay KW - Ear KW - toluene diisocyanate KW - Lymphocytes KW - Lymph nodes KW - Flow cytometry KW - CD4 antigen KW - ^g-Interferon KW - Allergens KW - Sodium lauryl sulfate KW - Cytokines KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17566879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Modulation+of+intracellular+cytokines+in+draining+lymph+node+cells+following+allergen+and+irritant&rft.au=Lee%2C+J+K%3BPark%2C+J+H%3BEom%2C+J+H%3BKim%2C+H+S%3BOh%2C+HY&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=13826689&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.etap.2005.02.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Interleukin 4; Cytokines; Lymph nodes; ^g-Interferon; Allergens; Lymphocytes; Flow cytometry; toluene diisocyanate; Sodium lauryl sulfate; Ear; CD4 antigen; Local lymph node assay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2005.02.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E Is a Cellular Target for Toxicity and Death Due to Exposure to Cadmium Chloride AN - 17556915; 6414556 AB - Whether translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), the mRNA cap binding and rate-limiting factor required for translation, is a target for cytotoxicity and cell death induced by cadmium, a human carcinogen, was investigated. Exposure of human cell lines, HCT15, PLC/PR/5, HeLa, and Chang, to cadmium chloride resulted in cytotoxicity and cell death, and this was associated with a significant decrease in eIF4E protein levels. Similarly, specific silencing of the expression of the eIF4E gene, caused by a small interfering RNA, resulted in significant cytotoxicity and cell death. On the other hand, overexpression of the eIF4E gene was protective against the cadmium-induced cytotoxicity and cell death. Further studies revealed the absence of alterations in the eIF4E mRNA level in the cadmium-treated cells despite their decreased eIF4E protein level. In addition, exposure of cells to cadmium resulted in enhanced ubiquitination of eIF4E protein while inhibitors of proteasome activity reversed the cadmium-induced decrease of eIF4E protein. Exposure of cells to cadmium, as well as the specific silencing of eIF4E gene, also resulted in decreased cellular levels of cyclin D1, a critical cell cycle and growth regulating gene, suggesting that the observed inhibition of cyclin D1 gene expression in the cadmium-treated cells is most likely due to decreased cellular level of eIF4E. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the exposure of cells to cadmium chloride resulted in cytotoxicity and cell death due to enhanced ubiquitination and consequent proteolysis of eIF4E protein, which in turn diminished cellular levels of critical genes such as cyclin D1. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Othumpangat, Sreekumar AU - Kashon, Michael AU - Joseph, Pius AD - Molecular Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505 Y1 - 2005/07/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jul 01 SP - 25162 EP - 25169 PB - American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3996 USA, [mailto:asbmb@asbmb.faseb.org], [URL:http://www.jbc.org] VL - 280 IS - 26 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Proteolysis KW - Translation initiation KW - Cell cycle KW - proteasomes KW - Cadmium chloride KW - Toxicity KW - Carcinogens KW - Initiation factor eIF-4E KW - Gene expression KW - ubiquitination KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Cell death KW - siRNA KW - Cadmium KW - Gene silencing KW - cyclin D1 KW - X 24165:Biochemistry KW - N 14050:Post-transcriptional regulation and other UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17556915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Eukaryotic+Translation+Initiation+Factor+4E+Is+a+Cellular+Target+for+Toxicity+and+Death+Due+to+Exposure+to+Cadmium+Chloride&rft.au=Othumpangat%2C+Sreekumar%3BKashon%2C+Michael%3BJoseph%2C+Pius&rft.aulast=Othumpangat&rft.aufirst=Sreekumar&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=280&rft.issue=26&rft.spage=25162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Proteolysis; Translation initiation; Cell cycle; proteasomes; Cadmium chloride; Carcinogens; Toxicity; Initiation factor eIF-4E; Gene expression; ubiquitination; Cell death; Cytotoxicity; siRNA; Cadmium; cyclin D1; Gene silencing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid approach to identify an unrecognized viral agent AN - 17513526; 6392665 AB - For epidemic control, rapid identification and characterization of the responsible unknown agent are crucial. To address this critical question, a method was developed for virus discovery based on a flexible nested-PCR subtraction hybridization. As a positive control, we used hepatitis C virus as a hypothetical unrecognized virus and ''discover'' it in the sample. Using template-switching universal long-PCR to produce large quantities of cDNA, our nested-PCR-based subtractive hybridization coupled with a single-strand deletion technology removed most of the common cDNA. Following subtraction hybridization, a cDNA library was constructed and displayed by differential reverse dot blot hybridization. This new genomic subtraction hybridization method will be ideally suited to identify rapidly any previously unrecognized viral agent. l agent. JF - Journal of Virological Methods AU - Hu, Y AU - Hirshfield, I AD - Northeast Regional Laboratory, Microbiological Sciences Branch, 158-15 Liberty Avenue, Jamaica, NY 11433, USA, yhu@ora.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 80 EP - 86 VL - 127 IS - 1 SN - 0166-0934, 0166-0934 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Deletion KW - Epidemics KW - Hepatitis C virus KW - cDNA KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - genomics KW - V 22021:Virus purification & preparation KW - A 01114:Viruses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17513526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.atitle=Rapid+approach+to+identify+an+unrecognized+viral+agent&rft.au=Hu%2C+Y%3BHirshfield%2C+I&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.issn=01660934&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jviromet.2005.02.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Deletion; Epidemics; cDNA; Polymerase chain reaction; genomics; Hepatitis C virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.02.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health effects classification and its role in the derivation of minimal risk levels: Renal effects AN - 17502412; 6395417 AB - The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) derives minimal risk levels (MRLs) for priority hazardous substances. MRLs are health guidance values intended to serve as screening levels for health assessors to select contaminants of concern and to assess potential health effects at hazardous waste sites and areas affected by unplanned releases. Current MRLs are published in ATSDR toxicological profiles and are listed at the ATSDR website at www.atsdr.cdc.gov. To date, ATSDR has derived 125 inhalation MRLs, 207 oral MRLs, and eight external radiation MRLs; 19 MRLs are based on renal effects. This article reports on endpoints used to derive the MRLs. It also presents the ranking of effects into less serious and serious categories as described in ATSDR's Guidance for Developing Toxicological Profiles. JF - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Chou, CHSJ AU - Pohl, H R AD - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA, USA, cjc3@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 202 EP - 208 VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - Public health KW - Classification KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Wastes KW - Kidney KW - Contaminants KW - Hazardous wastes KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17502412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Health+effects+classification+and+its+role+in+the+derivation+of+minimal+risk+levels%3A+Renal+effects&rft.au=Chou%2C+CHSJ%3BPohl%2C+H+R&rft.aulast=Chou&rft.aufirst=CHSJ&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.yrtph.2005.04.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Waste disposal sites; Public health; Kidney; Inhalation; Hazardous wastes; Contaminants; Classification; Wastes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2005.04.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevention of disease in ferrets fed an inactivated whole cell Campylobacter jejuni vaccine AN - 17222455; 6929406 AB - Ferrets were used to demonstrate the potential of a killed whole cell vaccine prepared from Campylobacter jejuni to protect against disease. C. jejuni strain 81-176 was grown in BHI broth, formalin-fixed, and resuspended in PBS to a concentration of 10 super(10) cells per ml. This vaccine (CWC) or live organisms were delivered orally with a nasogastric tube into anesthetized animals treated to reduce gastric acidity and intestinal motility. When 5 x 10 super(10) CFU of the vaccine strain (Lior serotype 5) or one of two other serotypes, CGL-7 (Lior 4) or BT44 (Lior 9), was used to challenge the ferrets, all of the animals developed a mucoid diarrhea. If the animals had been challenged with 5 x 10 super(9) CFU of the homologous strain 1 month before challenge with 10 super(10) CFU, 80-100% protection against disease was seen. This protection was also obtained after an initial exposure to the 81-176 strain followed by challenge with either of the heterologous strains. CWC was used to see if protection demonstrated with the live organisms could be produced with the non-living preparation. When 10 super(9) cells of CWC was given as two doses 7 days apart with or without 25 mu g of a coadministered mucosal adjuvant, LT sub(R192G), only 40-60% of the animals were protected. If the regimen was changed to four doses given 48 h apart, 80% of the animals were free of diarrhea after subsequent challenge. Increasing the number of cells in the four dose regimen to 10 super(10) cells did not improve protection. Animals given four doses of 10 super(10) cells combined with LT sub(R192G) were subsequently challenged with 10 super(10) cells of the homologous strain or the heterologous strain CGL-7. The CWC protected against both strains. Serum IgG antibody titers determined by ELISA showed little increase following the CWC four dose vaccination regimen, compared to animals given one dose of the live organism. On subsequent challenge, however, both CWC vaccinated and live-challenged ferrets showed comparable antibody titer increases above those obtained following the initial challenge or vaccination. Western blots were used to show that the immunodominant antigen in vaccinated animals was a 45 kDa protein, while in ferrets challenged with live organisms the immunodominant antigen was a 62 kDa protein. These data show that the CWC can be used to protect against disease caused by Campylobacter. They also show that protection and serum IgG responses do not depend upon the use of the mucosal adjuvant and that cross protection among some of the major serotypes of Campylobacter responsible for human disease is possible. JF - Vaccine AU - Burr, Donald H AU - Rollins, David AU - Lee, Lanfong H AU - Pattarini, Dawn L AU - Walz, Steven S AU - Tian, Jing-Hui AU - Pace, John L AU - Bourgeois, AL AU - Walker, Richard I AD - Food and Drug Administration, 8301 Muirkirk Rd., Laurel, MD 20708, USA, walkerri@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 4315 EP - 4321 PB - Butterworth-Heinemann, 313 Washington St. Newton MA 02158 USA VL - 23 IS - 34 SN - 0264-410X, 0264-410X KW - Weasels KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Campylobacter KW - Vaccine KW - Diarrhea KW - Western blotting KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Serotypes KW - Adjuvants KW - Antibody response KW - Vaccination KW - Intestinal motility KW - Mustela KW - Campylobacter jejuni KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Vaccines KW - Acidity KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17222455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=Prevention+of+disease+in+ferrets+fed+an+inactivated+whole+cell+Campylobacter+jejuni+vaccine&rft.au=Burr%2C+Donald+H%3BRollins%2C+David%3BLee%2C+Lanfong+H%3BPattarini%2C+Dawn+L%3BWalz%2C+Steven+S%3BTian%2C+Jing-Hui%3BPace%2C+John+L%3BBourgeois%2C+AL%3BWalker%2C+Richard+I&rft.aulast=Burr&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=34&rft.spage=4315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2005.03.038 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Intestinal motility; Western blotting; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Diarrhea; Serotypes; Colony-forming cells; Immunoglobulin G; Antibody response; Adjuvants; Vaccines; Acidity; Vaccination; Mustela; Campylobacter jejuni DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.03.038 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adverse drug event surveillance and drug withdrawals in the United States, 1969-2002: the importance of reporting suspected reactions. AN - 67972975; 15983284 AB - The Adverse Event Reporting System is the primary surveillance database used by the Food and Drug Administration for identifying postmarketing drug safety problems. We analyzed all reports of suspected adverse drug reactions submitted to the Food and Drug Administration from the inception of the Adverse Event Reporting System database in 1969 through December 2002. We documented drug withdrawals and restricted distribution programs based on safety concerns. During the 33-year period from 1969 when adverse drug event reporting was initiated through 2002, about 2.3 million case reports of adverse events for the cumulative number of approximately 6000 marketed drugs were entered in the database. Most reports were for female patients. During this period, numerous drug reactions have been identified and added to the product labeling as boxed warnings, warnings, precautions, contraindications, and adverse reactions. More than 75 drugs/drug products have been removed from the market due to safety problems. In addition, 11 drugs have special requirements for prescriptions or have restricted distribution programs. Drugs withdrawn or restricted represent a small proportion (about 1%) of marketed drugs. The Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System is the primary surveillance database used for the identification of safety problems of marketed drugs. Despite the limitations of underreporting, differential reporting, and uneven quality, submitted reports often allow the identification of serious adverse events that are added to the product labeling information. In rare instances, additional regulations, up to and including market removal, have been required. We encourage physicians, pharmacists, other health care professionals, and patients to continue to report serious suspected and known adverse drug reactions to manufacturers and the Food and Drug Administration. JF - Archives of internal medicine AU - Wysowski, Diane K AU - Swartz, Lynette AD - Office of Drug Safety, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20857, USA. Y1 - 2005/06/27/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 27 SP - 1363 EP - 1369 VL - 165 IS - 12 SN - 0003-9926, 0003-9926 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Drug Labeling -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Child KW - Drug Approval -- organization & administration KW - Age Distribution KW - Adult KW - Drug Approval -- statistics & numerical data KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Sex Distribution KW - Female KW - Male KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems -- statistics & numerical data KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems -- organization & administration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67972975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+internal+medicine&rft.atitle=Adverse+drug+event+surveillance+and+drug+withdrawals+in+the+United+States%2C+1969-2002%3A+the+importance+of+reporting+suspected+reactions.&rft.au=Wysowski%2C+Diane+K%3BSwartz%2C+Lynette&rft.aulast=Wysowski&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft.date=2005-06-27&rft.volume=165&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+internal+medicine&rft.issn=00039926&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Health Insurance Enrollment Decisions: Understanding the Role of Preferences for Coverage T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39732962; 3958774 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Vistnes, Jessica AU - Monheit, Alan Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Insurance KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39732962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Health+Insurance+Enrollment+Decisions%3A+Understanding+the+Role+of+Preferences+for+Coverage&rft.au=Vistnes%2C+Jessica%3BMonheit%2C+Alan&rft.aulast=Vistnes&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Why do Eligible Children Fail to Take-Up Medicaid or SCHIP? T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39731266; 3958943 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Banthin, Jessica AU - Selden, Thomas M AU - Hudson, Julie Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Children KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39731266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Why+do+Eligible+Children+Fail+to+Take-Up+Medicaid+or+SCHIP%3F&rft.au=Banthin%2C+Jessica%3BSelden%2C+Thomas+M%3BHudson%2C+Julie&rft.aulast=Banthin&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Estimated Impact of Medicare Part D on Individuals Living with HIV/AIDS who are Dually Enrolled in Medicaid and Medicare T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39728080; 3959028 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Anderson, Karyn Kai AU - Clark, William Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39728080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=The+Estimated+Impact+of+Medicare+Part+D+on+Individuals+Living+with+HIV%2FAIDS+who+are+Dually+Enrolled+in+Medicaid+and+Medicare&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Karyn+Kai%3BClark%2C+William&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Karyn&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - What Drives Health Insurance Options at the Workplace? Evidence from 1997-2002 MEPS Employer Data T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39684865; 3958781 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Cooper, Philip AU - Simon, Kosali AU - Vistnes, Jessica Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Insurance KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39684865?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=What+Drives+Health+Insurance+Options+at+the+Workplace%3F+Evidence+from+1997-2002+MEPS+Employer+Data&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Philip%3BSimon%2C+Kosali%3BVistnes%2C+Jessica&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Managing the Implementation of Health Information Technology: Implications for Practice from Qualitative Research T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39684701; 3958742 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Harrison, Michael AU - Cain, Carol AU - Lev, Shilry Bar AU - Shalom, Nira Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Barriers KW - Adoption KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39684701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Managing+the+Implementation+of+Health+Information+Technology%3A+Implications+for+Practice+from+Qualitative+Research&rft.au=Harrison%2C+Michael%3BCain%2C+Carol%3BLev%2C+Shilry+Bar%3BShalom%2C+Nira&rft.aulast=Harrison&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - What Happens with Hospital-Based Skilled Nursing Facilities Close?: A Propensity Score Analysis T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39683238; 3959008 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Seagrave, Susanne AU - White, Chapin Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Nursing KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39683238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=What+Happens+with+Hospital-Based+Skilled+Nursing+Facilities+Close%3F%3A+A+Propensity+Score+Analysis&rft.au=Seagrave%2C+Susanne%3BWhite%2C+Chapin&rft.aulast=Seagrave&rft.aufirst=Susanne&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Patient Safety: Findings from the 2004 National Healthcare Disparities Report T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39683083; 3959088 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Dayton, Elizabeth AU - Moy, Ernest AU - Andrews, Roxanne AU - Poker, Anna Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Health care KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39683083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Racial+and+Ethnic+Disparities+in+Patient+Safety%3A+Findings+from+the+2004+National+Healthcare+Disparities+Report&rft.au=Dayton%2C+Elizabeth%3BMoy%2C+Ernest%3BAndrews%2C+Roxanne%3BPoker%2C+Anna&rft.aulast=Dayton&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Disparities Changes in the United States: Findings from the National Healthcare Disparities Report T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39677354; 3958645 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Dayton, Elizabeth AU - McNeill, Dwight AU - Moy, Ernest AU - Kelley, Ed Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - USA KW - Health care KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39677354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Disparities+Changes+in+the+United+States%3A+Findings+from+the+National+Healthcare+Disparities+Report&rft.au=Dayton%2C+Elizabeth%3BMcNeill%2C+Dwight%3BMoy%2C+Ernest%3BKelley%2C+Ed&rft.aulast=Dayton&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Building Emergency Health Workforce Surge Capacity - Reserach and Policy Analysis T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39675767; 3959031 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Biviano, Marilyn AU - Omer, Atila AU - Tise, Steve AU - Hodge, James G, Jr Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Policies KW - Emergencies KW - Surges KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39675767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Building+Emergency+Health+Workforce+Surge+Capacity+-+Reserach+and+Policy+Analysis&rft.au=Biviano%2C+Marilyn%3BOmer%2C+Atila%3BTise%2C+Steve%3BHodge%2C+James+G%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Biviano&rft.aufirst=Marilyn&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Using the SF-12 Health Status Measure to Predict Medical Expenditures T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39668752; 3959333 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Fleishman, John AU - Cohen, Joel W AU - Manning, Willard G AU - Kosinski, Mark Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Financial management KW - Policies KW - Public access KW - Public health KW - Drugs KW - Insurance KW - Sex KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39668752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Using+the+SF-12+Health+Status+Measure+to+Predict+Medical+Expenditures&rft.au=Fleishman%2C+John%3BCohen%2C+Joel+W%3BManning%2C+Willard+G%3BKosinski%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Fleishman&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Changing Demand for Mental Health Treatment, 1996-2002 T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39668751; 3958407 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Meyerhoefer, Chad AU - Zuvekas, Samuel Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Financial management KW - Policies KW - Public access KW - Public health KW - Drugs KW - Insurance KW - Sex KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39668751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=The+Changing+Demand+for+Mental+Health+Treatment%2C+1996-2002&rft.au=Meyerhoefer%2C+Chad%3BZuvekas%2C+Samuel&rft.aulast=Meyerhoefer&rft.aufirst=Chad&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Families with Mixed Eligibility - Navigating both Medicaid and SCHIP T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39662334; 3958951 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Hudson, Julie Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Financial management KW - Policies KW - Public access KW - Public health KW - Drugs KW - Insurance KW - Sex KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39662334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Families+with+Mixed+Eligibility+-+Navigating+both+Medicaid+and+SCHIP&rft.au=Hudson%2C+Julie&rft.aulast=Hudson&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Population-Based Trends in Volumes, Rates, and Charges for Inpatient and Outpatient Lumbar Spine Surgery T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39662100; 3958900 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Gray, Darryl AU - Deyo, Richard A AU - Kreuter, William AU - Mirza, Sohail K AU - Heagerty, Patrick J AU - Chan, Leighton Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Surgery KW - Bone Surgery KW - Spine (lumbar) KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39662100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Population-Based+Trends+in+Volumes%2C+Rates%2C+and+Charges+for+Inpatient+and+Outpatient+Lumbar+Spine+Surgery&rft.au=Gray%2C+Darryl%3BDeyo%2C+Richard+A%3BKreuter%2C+William%3BMirza%2C+Sohail+K%3BHeagerty%2C+Patrick+J%3BChan%2C+Leighton&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Darryl&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Population-Based Volumes, Rates and Resource use for Pediatric Cardiac Procedures T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39661269; 3958453 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Gray, Darryl Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Heart KW - Pediatrics KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39661269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Population-Based+Volumes%2C+Rates+and+Resource+use+for+Pediatric+Cardiac+Procedures&rft.au=Gray%2C+Darryl&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Darryl&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Establishing the True Effect of Dental Insurance on Dental use T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39660145; 3959318 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Cooper, Philip AU - Manski, Richard J Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Insurance KW - Teeth KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39660145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Establishing+the+True+Effect+of+Dental+Insurance+on+Dental+use&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Philip%3BManski%2C+Richard+J&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Advance Care Planning: Does it Make a Difference? T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39659280; 3959110 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Hughes, Ronda AU - Wilkinson, Anne AU - Lorenz, Karl AU - Lynn, Joann Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Financial management KW - Policies KW - Public access KW - Public health KW - Drugs KW - Long-term planning KW - Insurance KW - Sex KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39659280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Advance+Care+Planning%3A+Does+it+Make+a+Difference%3F&rft.au=Hughes%2C+Ronda%3BWilkinson%2C+Anne%3BLorenz%2C+Karl%3BLynn%2C+Joann&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Ronda&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Achieving High Quality-Low Cost Hospital Performance: The Effects of Market and Organizational Characteristics T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39659070; 3959064 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Jiang, H Joanna AU - Friedman, Bernard AU - Begun, James W Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Hospitals KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39659070?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Achieving+High+Quality-Low+Cost+Hospital+Performance%3A+The+Effects+of+Market+and+Organizational+Characteristics&rft.au=Jiang%2C+H+Joanna%3BFriedman%2C+Bernard%3BBegun%2C+James+W&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparative Rankings of Hospital Quality Does the Data Source Matter? T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39658791; 3959053 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Elixhauser, Anne AU - Friedman, Bernard Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Hospitals KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39658791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Comparative+Rankings+of+Hospital+Quality+Does+the+Data+Source+Matter%3F&rft.au=Elixhauser%2C+Anne%3BFriedman%2C+Bernard&rft.aulast=Elixhauser&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Financial Incentives in Outlier Utilization Early in the Medicare Home Health Prospective Payment System T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39654746; 3959371 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Meadow, Ann AU - Cotterill, Philip Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Public health KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39654746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Financial+Incentives+in+Outlier+Utilization+Early+in+the+Medicare+Home+Health+Prospective+Payment+System&rft.au=Meadow%2C+Ann%3BCotterill%2C+Philip&rft.aulast=Meadow&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Quality of Care for Medicare Recipients: Lessons from the Second National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Reports T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39613280; 3958974 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Wilson, Nancy AU - Kelley, Edward AU - Ho, Karen AU - Huff, Edwin AU - Moy, Ernest AU - Stryer, Dan AU - Clancy, Carolyn Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Health care KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39613280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Quality+of+Care+for+Medicare+Recipients%3A+Lessons+from+the+Second+National+Healthcare+Quality+and+Disparities+Reports&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Nancy%3BKelley%2C+Edward%3BHo%2C+Karen%3BHuff%2C+Edwin%3BMoy%2C+Ernest%3BStryer%2C+Dan%3BClancy%2C+Carolyn&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - How much does Medicare Pay Hospitals for Medical Injuries? T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39609548; 3959162 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Zhan, Chunliu AU - Friedman, Bernard AU - Mosso, Andrew AU - Pronovost, Peter Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Injuries KW - Hospitals KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39609548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=How+much+does+Medicare+Pay+Hospitals+for+Medical+Injuries%3F&rft.au=Zhan%2C+Chunliu%3BFriedman%2C+Bernard%3BMosso%2C+Andrew%3BPronovost%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Zhan&rft.aufirst=Chunliu&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Access to Care and Utilization among Children: The Effects of Public and Private Coverage T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39605163; 3958564 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Hudson, Julie Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Children KW - Public access KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39605163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Access+to+Care+and+Utilization+among+Children%3A+The+Effects+of+Public+and+Private+Coverage&rft.au=Hudson%2C+Julie&rft.aulast=Hudson&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - National Spending on Bariatric Surgery and Bariatric Medications T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39604899; 3958490 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Bernard, Didem AU - Encinosa, William AU - Steiner, Claudia AU - Chen, Chi-Chang Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Surgery KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39604899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=National+Spending+on+Bariatric+Surgery+and+Bariatric+Medications&rft.au=Bernard%2C+Didem%3BEncinosa%2C+William%3BSteiner%2C+Claudia%3BChen%2C+Chi-Chang&rft.aulast=Bernard&rft.aufirst=Didem&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Physical Education and the Incidence of Overweight among Adolescents T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39604624; 3958439 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Meyerhoefer, Chad AU - Cawley, John AU - Newhouse, David Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Body weight KW - Education KW - Adolescents KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39604624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Physical+Education+and+the+Incidence+of+Overweight+among+Adolescents&rft.au=Meyerhoefer%2C+Chad%3BCawley%2C+John%3BNewhouse%2C+David&rft.aulast=Meyerhoefer&rft.aufirst=Chad&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - What Happens when Workers Fail to Take up Employment-Related Health Insurance? Evidence from 1996 and 2001 T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39602077; 3958770 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Bernard, Didem AU - Selden, Tom Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Insurance KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39602077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=What+Happens+when+Workers+Fail+to+Take+up+Employment-Related+Health+Insurance%3F+Evidence+from+1996+and+2001&rft.au=Bernard%2C+Didem%3BSelden%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Bernard&rft.aufirst=Didem&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Emergency Department use by the Elderly Living in Nursing Homes T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39601763; 3958846 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Hing, Esther AU - RobinRemsburg Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Elderly KW - Nursing KW - Geriatrics KW - Emergencies KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39601763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Emergency+Department+use+by+the+Elderly+Living+in+Nursing+Homes&rft.au=Hing%2C+Esther%3BRobinRemsburg&rft.aulast=Hing&rft.aufirst=Esther&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - PRISM-E Findings and the Evolution of Federal Behavioral Health Policy T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39598715; 3959298 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Herr, Elizabeth McDonnell AU - Stone, Bill Van AU - Maxwell, James Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Policies KW - Evolution KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39598715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=PRISM-E+Findings+and+the+Evolution+of+Federal+Behavioral+Health+Policy&rft.au=Herr%2C+Elizabeth+McDonnell%3BStone%2C+Bill+Van%3BMaxwell%2C+James&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Improving Patient Safety in Hospitals: Contributions of High Reliability Organizations and Normal Accident Theory T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39598260; 3959106 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Harrison, Michael AU - Tamuz, Michal Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Hospitals KW - Accidents KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39598260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Improving+Patient+Safety+in+Hospitals%3A+Contributions+of+High+Reliability+Organizations+and+Normal+Accident+Theory&rft.au=Harrison%2C+Michael%3BTamuz%2C+Michal&rft.aulast=Harrison&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fully Paid Employer Provided Health Insurance: Trends in Benefits over Time T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39592358; 3959405 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Taylor, Amy AU - Zawacki, Alice Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Insurance KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39592358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Fully+Paid+Employer+Provided+Health+Insurance%3A+Trends+in+Benefits+over+Time&rft.au=Taylor%2C+Amy%3BZawacki%2C+Alice&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Identification of Subgroups of Medicare Beneficiaries with Diabetes: Segmentation to Inform Targeted Outreach and Tailored Education Strategies T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39568821; 3958533 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Williams, Sunyna S Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Education KW - Diabetes mellitus KW - Segmentation KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39568821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Subgroups+of+Medicare+Beneficiaries+with+Diabetes%3A+Segmentation+to+Inform+Targeted+Outreach+and+Tailored+Education+Strategies&rft.au=Williams%2C+Sunyna+S&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Sunyna&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Explaining Disparities in Patient Centeredness between Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Children T2 - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AN - 39568638; 3958449 JF - 2005 Annual Research Meeting of the AcademyHealth (ARM 2005) AU - Dougherty, Denise AU - Chevarley, Frances AU - Gray, Darryl AU - Simpson, Lisa AU - Romaire, Melissa AU - Zodet, Marc Y1 - 2005/06/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 26 KW - Children KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39568638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.atitle=Explaining+Disparities+in+Patient+Centeredness+between+Hispanic+and+Non-Hispanic+Children&rft.au=Dougherty%2C+Denise%3BChevarley%2C+Frances%3BGray%2C+Darryl%3BSimpson%2C+Lisa%3BRomaire%2C+Melissa%3BZodet%2C+Marc&rft.aulast=Dougherty&rft.aufirst=Denise&rft.date=2005-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Research+Meeting+of+the+AcademyHealth+%28ARM+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academyhealth.org/2005/abstracts.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The differential JunB responses to inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase in rat hippocampus and liver. AN - 67832651; 15896499 AB - The inhibitor of mitochondrial enzyme succinate dehydrogenase, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA), induces cellular energy deficit followed by oxidative stress, secondary excitotoxicity and neuronal degeneration. The fast activation of Jun and Fos proteins and other proteins encoding inducible transcription factors (ITFs) occurs in most tissues upon exposure to a variety of stressors including exposure to mitochondrial inhibitors. However, the consequences of this activation can differ dramatically in different organs. For example, while activation of the same ITFs may lead to apoptosis and necrosis in neurons it may stimulate liver regeneration. Here, we report the alterations in mRNAs levels of c-Fos, JunB, and Krox20 proteins induced in the rat brain and liver by the acute exposure to 3-NPA at 30 mg/kg, s.c. While the increase of c-fos transcripts was observed in both the hippocampus and liver, the junb transcript increased in the hippocampus but decreased in the liver. No changes were observed in krox-20 mRNA in the hippocampus. Interestingly, there was a large variation in krox-20 mRNA levels in the liver among animals within the same experimental group. In conclusion, out of the three ITFs transcripts examined here junb may activate different pathways depending on the tissue as indicated by differential responses to mitochondrial inhibition in the hippocampus and liver. JF - Neuroscience letters AU - Przybyla-Zawislak, Beata D AU - Kim, Chung S AU - Ali, Syed F AU - Slikker, William AU - Binienda, Zbigniew K AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079-9502, USA. bzawislak@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06/24/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 24 SP - 354 EP - 357 VL - 381 IS - 3 SN - 0304-3940, 0304-3940 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Early Growth Response Protein 2 KW - Egr2 protein, rat KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Nitro Compounds KW - Propionates KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Transcription Factors KW - Succinate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.3.99.1 KW - 3-nitropropionic acid KW - QY4L0FOX0D KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos -- metabolism KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Propionates -- pharmacology KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Rats KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos -- drug effects KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Oxidative Stress -- physiology KW - Transcription Factors -- drug effects KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- drug effects KW - Oxidative Stress -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Succinate Dehydrogenase -- drug effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Mitochondria -- enzymology KW - Mitochondria -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun -- drug effects KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Succinate Dehydrogenase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun -- metabolism KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67832651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience+letters&rft.atitle=The+differential+JunB+responses+to+inhibition+of+succinate+dehydrogenase+in+rat+hippocampus+and+liver.&rft.au=Przybyla-Zawislak%2C+Beata+D%3BKim%2C+Chung+S%3BAli%2C+Syed+F%3BSlikker%2C+William%3BBinienda%2C+Zbigniew+K&rft.aulast=Przybyla-Zawislak&rft.aufirst=Beata&rft.date=2005-06-24&rft.volume=381&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience+letters&rft.issn=03043940&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of arylformamidase (kynurenine formamidase) gene inactivation in mice on enzymatic activity, kynurenine pathway metabolites and phenotype. AN - 67923866; 15866519 AB - The gene coding for arylformamidase (Afmid, also known as kynurenine formamidase) was inactivated in mice through the removal of a shared bidirectional promoter region regulating expression of the Afmid and thymidine kinase (Tk) genes. Afmid/Tk -deficient mice are known to develop sclerosis of glomeruli and to have an abnormal immune system. Afmid-catalyzed hydrolysis of N-formyl-kynurenine is a key step in tryptophan metabolism and biosynthesis of kynurenine-derived products including kynurenic acid, quinolinic acid, nicotinamide, NAD, and NADP. A disruption of these pathways is implicated in neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity. In wild-type (WT) mice, Afmid-specific activity (as measured by formyl-kynurenine hydrolysis) was 2-fold higher in the liver than in the kidney. Formyl-kynurenine hydrolysis was reduced by approximately 50% in mice heterozygous (HZ) for Afmid/Tk and almost completely eliminated in Afmid/Tk knockout (KO) mice. However, there was 13% residual formyl-kynurenine hydrolysis in the kidney of KO mice, suggesting the existence of a formamidase other than Afmid. Liver and kidney levels of nicotinamide plus NAD/NADP remained the same in WT, HZ and KO mice. Plasma concentrations of formyl-kynurenine, kynurenine, and kynurenic acid were elevated in KO mice (but not HZ mice) relative to WT mice, further suggesting that there must be enzymes other than Afmid (possibly in the kidney) capable of metabolizing formyl-kynurenine into kynurenine. Gradual kidney deterioration and subsequent failure in KO mice is consistent with high levels of tissue-specific Afmid expression in the kidney of WT but not KO mice. On this basis, the most significant function of the kynurenine pathway and Afmid in mice may be in eliminating toxic metabolites and to a lesser extent in providing intermediates for other processes. JF - Biochimica et biophysica acta AU - Dobrovolsky, Vasily N AU - Bowyer, John F AU - Pabarcus, Michael K AU - Heflich, Robert H AU - Williams, Lee D AU - Doerge, Daniel R AU - Arvidsson, Björn AU - Bergquist, Jonas AU - Casida, John E AD - Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Rd., HFT-120, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. vdobrovolsky@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06/20/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 20 SP - 163 EP - 172 VL - 1724 IS - 1-2 SN - 0006-3002, 0006-3002 KW - Niacinamide KW - 25X51I8RD4 KW - Kynurenine KW - 343-65-7 KW - Tryptophan KW - 8DUH1N11BX KW - Thymidine Kinase KW - EC 2.7.1.21 KW - Arylformamidase KW - EC 3.5.1.9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Gene Silencing KW - Kidney -- enzymology KW - Mice KW - Tryptophan -- metabolism KW - Kidney -- chemistry KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Phenotype KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- genetics KW - Niacinamide -- analysis KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- immunology KW - Thymidine Kinase -- analysis KW - Renal Insufficiency -- genetics KW - Tryptophan -- blood KW - Thymidine Kinase -- genetics KW - Arylformamidase -- genetics KW - Kynurenine -- blood KW - Kynurenine -- metabolism KW - Arylformamidase -- metabolism KW - Arylformamidase -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67923866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.atitle=Effect+of+arylformamidase+%28kynurenine+formamidase%29+gene+inactivation+in+mice+on+enzymatic+activity%2C+kynurenine+pathway+metabolites+and+phenotype.&rft.au=Dobrovolsky%2C+Vasily+N%3BBowyer%2C+John+F%3BPabarcus%2C+Michael+K%3BHeflich%2C+Robert+H%3BWilliams%2C+Lee+D%3BDoerge%2C+Daniel+R%3BArvidsson%2C+Bj%C3%B6rn%3BBergquist%2C+Jonas%3BCasida%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Dobrovolsky&rft.aufirst=Vasily&rft.date=2005-06-20&rft.volume=1724&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.issn=00063002&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The carcinogenicity of human papillomavirus types reflects viral evolution AN - 19898830; 8250394 AB - Persistent infections with carcinogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause virtually all cervical cancers. Cervical HPV types (n > 40) also represent the most common sexually transmitted agents, and most infections clear in 1-2 years. The risks of persistence and neoplastic progression to cancer and its histologic precursor, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3), differ markedly by HPV type. To study type-specific HPV natural history, we conducted a 10,000-woman, population-based prospective study of HPV infections and CIN3/cancer in Guanacaste, Costa Rica. By studying large numbers of women, we wished to separate viral persistence from neoplastic progression. We observed a strong concordance of newly-revised HPV evolutionary groupings with the separate risks of persistence and progression to CIN3/cancer. HPV16 was uniquely likely both to persist and to cause neoplastic progression when it persisted, making it a remarkably powerful human carcinogen that merits separate clinical consideration. Specifically, 19.9% of HPV16-infected women were diagnosed with CIN3/cancer at enrollment or during the five-year follow-up. Other carcinogenic types, many related to HPV16, were not particularly persistent but could cause neoplastic progression, at lower rates than HPV16, if they did persist. Some low-risk types were persistent but, nevertheless, virtually never caused CIN3. Therefore, carcinogenicity is not strictly a function of persistence. Separately, we noted that the carcinogenic HPV types code for an E5 protein, whereas most low-risk types either lack a definable homologous E5 ORF and/or a translation start codon for E5. These results present several clear clues and research directions in our ongoing efforts to understand HPV carcinogenesis. JF - Virology AU - Schiffman, M AU - Herrero, R AU - DeSalle, R AU - Hildesheim, A AU - Wacholder, S AU - Cecilia Rodriguez, A AU - Bratti, M C AU - Sherman, ME AU - Morales, J AU - Guillen, D AU - Alfaro, M AU - Hutchinson, M AU - Wright, T C AU - Solomon, D AU - Chen, Z AU - Schussler, J AU - Castle, P E AU - Burk, R D AD - National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MA, USA, schiffmm@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/06/20/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 20 SP - 76 EP - 84 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 337 IS - 1 SN - 0042-6822, 0042-6822 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Translation KW - Cervical cancer KW - Carcinogens KW - Neoplasia KW - Persistent infection KW - double prime E5 protein KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Human papillomavirus 16 KW - Risk factors KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Codons KW - Risk groups KW - Cervix KW - Open reading frames KW - Evolution KW - Human papillomavirus KW - X 24490:Other KW - N 14830:RNA KW - V 22400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19898830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Virology&rft.atitle=The+carcinogenicity+of+human+papillomavirus+types+reflects+viral+evolution&rft.au=Schiffman%2C+M%3BHerrero%2C+R%3BDeSalle%2C+R%3BHildesheim%2C+A%3BWacholder%2C+S%3BCecilia+Rodriguez%2C+A%3BBratti%2C+M+C%3BSherman%2C+ME%3BMorales%2C+J%3BGuillen%2C+D%3BAlfaro%2C+M%3BHutchinson%2C+M%3BWright%2C+T+C%3BSolomon%2C+D%3BChen%2C+Z%3BSchussler%2C+J%3BCastle%2C+P+E%3BBurk%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Schiffman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-06-20&rft.volume=337&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=76&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Virology&rft.issn=00426822&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.virol.2005.04.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Translation; Cervical cancer; Carcinogens; double prime E5 protein; Persistent infection; Neoplasia; Carcinogenicity; Risk factors; Carcinogenesis; Codons; Risk groups; Cervix; Evolution; Open reading frames; Human papillomavirus 16; Human papillomavirus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2005.04.002 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - In Vitro Pulsatile Flow Measurement In Prosthetic Heart Valves: An Interlaboratory Comparison T2 - Third Biennial Meeting of the Society for Heart Valve Disease AN - 39658712; 3959862 JF - Third Biennial Meeting of the Society for Heart Valve Disease AU - Retta, Stephen M AU - Sandy, Stewart F AU - Herman, Bruce A AU - Grossman, Laurence W Y1 - 2005/06/17/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 17 KW - Heart KW - Flow measurement KW - Prosthetics KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39658712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Third+Biennial+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Heart+Valve+Disease&rft.atitle=In+Vitro+Pulsatile+Flow+Measurement+In+Prosthetic+Heart+Valves%3A+An+Interlaboratory+Comparison&rft.au=Retta%2C+Stephen+M%3BSandy%2C+Stewart+F%3BHerman%2C+Bruce+A%3BGrossman%2C+Laurence+W&rft.aulast=Retta&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2005-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Third+Biennial+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Heart+Valve+Disease&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://w02-0566.web.dircon.net/biennial2005/prelim.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The determination of semicarbazide (N-aminourea) in commercial bread products by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. AN - 67911975; 15941299 AB - Recently, semicarbazide has been found in food in jars sealed with cap liners that were manufactured using azodicarbonamide as a blowing agent. These reports raised the concern that the use of azodicarbonamide-an approved dough conditioner-may result in semicarbazide residues in bread. To answer this question, a method based upon the previously reported liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry determination of the semicarbazone of o-nitrobenzaldehyde was utilized. The method adopted for this work includes an extensive cleanup and reaction with o-nitrobenzaldehyde at pH 3.5, rather than with the widely used 0.1 M HCl, to form the semicarbazone derivative. A stable isotope dilution assay was used to determine the free semicarbazide present in the bread products. Levels of semicarbazide ranged from 10 to 1200 ppb in commercial bread products with azodicarbonamide listed among their ingredients. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Noonan, Gregory O AU - Warner, Charles R AU - Hsu, Wenchi AU - Begley, Timothy H AU - Perfetti, Gracia A AU - Diachenko, Gregory W AD - Office of Food Additive Safety, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA. Y1 - 2005/06/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 15 SP - 4680 EP - 4685 VL - 53 IS - 12 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Benzaldehydes KW - 0 KW - Semicarbazides KW - carbamylhydrazine KW - 37QUC23K2X KW - 2-nitrobenzaldehyde KW - 552-89-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Benzaldehydes -- chemistry KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Semicarbazides -- analysis KW - Breast -- chemistry KW - Spectrum Analysis -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67911975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=The+determination+of+semicarbazide+%28N-aminourea%29+in+commercial+bread+products+by+liquid+chromatography-mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Noonan%2C+Gregory+O%3BWarner%2C+Charles+R%3BHsu%2C+Wenchi%3BBegley%2C+Timothy+H%3BPerfetti%2C+Gracia+A%3BDiachenko%2C+Gregory+W&rft.aulast=Noonan&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2005-06-15&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4680&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-17 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging Brain Mu-Opioid Receptors in Abstinent Cocaine Users: Time Course and Relation to Cocaine Craving AN - 17378823; 6492796 AB - Cocaine treatment upregulates brain mu-opioid receptors (mOR) in animals. Human data regarding this phenomenon are limited. We previously used positron emission tomography (PET) with [ super(11)C]-carfentanil to show increased mOR binding in brain regions of 10 cocaine-dependent men after 1 and 28 days of abstinence. Methods: Regional brain mOR binding potential (BP) was measured with [ super(11)C]carfentanil PET scanning in 17 cocaine users over 12 weeks of abstinence on a research ward and in 16 healthy control subjects. Results: Mu-opioid receptor BP was increased in the frontal, anterior cingulate, and lateral temporal cortex after 1 day of abstinence. Mu-opioid receptor BP remained elevated in the first two regions after 1 week and in the anterior cingulate and anterior frontal cortex after 12 weeks. Increased binding in some regions at 1 day and 1 week was positively correlated with self-reported cocaine craving. Mu-opioid receptor BP was significantly correlated with percentage of days with cocaine use and amount of cocaine used per day of use during the 2 weeks before admission and with urine benzoylecgonine concentration at the first PET scan. Conclusions: These results suggest that chronic cocaine use influences endogenous opioid systems in the human brain and might explain mechanisms of cocaine craving and reinforcement. JF - Biological Psychiatry AU - Gorelick, DA AU - Kim, Y K AU - Bencherif, B AU - Boyd, S J AU - Nelson, R AU - Copersino, M AU - Endres, C J AU - Dannals, R F AU - Frost, J J AD - Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2005/06/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 15 SP - 1573 EP - 1582 VL - 57 IS - 12 SN - 0006-3223, 0006-3223 KW - carfentanil KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Neuroimaging KW - Scanning KW - Opioid receptors (type mu ) KW - Brain KW - Positron emission tomography KW - Cocaine KW - Drug addiction KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17378823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=Imaging+Brain+Mu-Opioid+Receptors+in+Abstinent+Cocaine+Users%3A+Time+Course+and+Relation+to+Cocaine+Craving&rft.au=Gorelick%2C+DA%3BKim%2C+Y+K%3BBencherif%2C+B%3BBoyd%2C+S+J%3BNelson%2C+R%3BCopersino%2C+M%3BEndres%2C+C+J%3BDannals%2C+R+F%3BFrost%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Gorelick&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=2005-06-15&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Psychiatry&rft.issn=00063223&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biopsych.2005.02.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Neuroimaging; Scanning; Opioid receptors (type mu ); Positron emission tomography; Brain; Drug addiction; Cocaine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.02.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of variance components in gene expression data AN - 17579391; 6417692 AB - Motivation: A microarray experiment is a multi-step process, and each step is a potential source of variation. There are two major sources of variation: biological variation and technical variation. This study presents a variance-components approach to investigating animal-to-animal, between-array, within-array and day-to-day variations for two data sets. The first data set involved estimation of technical variances for pooled control and pooled treated RNA samples. The variance components included between-array, and two nested within-array variances: between-section (the upper- and lower-sections of the array are replicates) and within-section (two adjacent spots of the same gene are printed within each section). The second experiment was conducted on four different weeks. Each week there were reference and test samples with a dye-flip replicate in two hybridization days. The variance components included week-to-week, animal-to-animal and between-array and within-array variances. Results: We applied the linear mixed-effects model to quantify different sources of variation. In the first data set, we found that the between-array variance is greater than the between-section variance, which, in turn, is greater than the within-section variance. In the second data set, for the reference samples, the week-to-week variance is larger than the between-array variance, which, in turn, is slightly larger than the within-array variance. For the test samples, the week-to-week variance has the largest variation. The animal-to-animal variance is slightly larger than the between-array and within-array variances. However, in a gene-by-gene analysis, the animal-to-animal variance is smaller than the between-array variance in four out of five housekeeping genes. In summary, the largest variation observed is the week-to-week effect. Another important source of variability is the animal-to-animal variation. Finally, we describe the use of variance-component estimates to determine optimal numbers of animals, arrays per animal and sections per array in planning microarray experiments. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Chen, J J AU - Delongchamp, R R AU - Tsai, C-A AU - Hsueh, H-M AU - Sistare, F AU - Thompson, K L AU - Desai, V G AU - Fuscoe, J C AD - Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, Center for Functional Genomics, Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, jchen@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 12 VL - 20 IS - 9 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Gene expression KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - RNA KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17579391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+variance+components+in+gene+expression+data&rft.au=Chen%2C+J+J%3BDelongchamp%2C+R+R%3BTsai%2C+C-A%3BHsueh%2C+H-M%3BSistare%2C+F%3BThompson%2C+K+L%3BDesai%2C+V+G%3BFuscoe%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-06-12&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; RNA; Mathematical models; Bioinformatics; Data processing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electronic products; performance standard for diagnostic x-ray systems and their major components. Final rule. AN - 67920975; 15948306 AB - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is issuing a final rule to amend the Federal performance standard for diagnostic x-ray systems and their major components (the performance standard). The agency is taking this action to update the performance standard to account for changes in technology and use of radiographic and fluoroscopic x-ray systems and to fully utilize the International System of Units to describe radiation-related quantities and their units when used in the performance standard. For clarity and ease of understanding, FDA is republishing the complete contents, as amended, of three sections of the performance standard regulations and is amending a fourth section without republishing it in its entirety. This action is being taken under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the act), as amended by the Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990 (SMDA). JF - Federal register AU - Food and Drug Administration, HHS AD - Food and Drug Administration, HHS Y1 - 2005/06/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 10 SP - 33997 EP - 34042 VL - 70 IS - 111 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Costs and Cost Analysis KW - Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Humans KW - Incidence KW - Diagnostic Equipment -- standards KW - Radiation Effects KW - International System of Units KW - Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Radiation, Ionizing KW - Radiography -- standards KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Fluoroscopy -- standards KW - Electronics, Medical -- standards KW - Fluoroscopy -- instrumentation KW - Electronics, Medical -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Radiography -- instrumentation KW - Equipment Safety -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67920975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=Electronic+products%3B+performance+standard+for+diagnostic+x-ray+systems+and+their+major+components.+Final+rule.&rft.au=Food+and+Drug+Administration%2C+HHS&rft.aulast=Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aufirst=HHS&rft.date=2005-06-10&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=111&rft.spage=33997&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Beverages: bottled water. Final rule. AN - 67916573; 15945150 AB - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is amending its bottled water quality standard regulations by revising the existing allowable level for the contaminant arsenic. As a consequence, bottled water manufacturers are required to monitor their finished bottled water products for arsenic at least once each year under the current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) regulations for bottled water. Bottled water manufacturers are also required to monitor their source water for arsenic as often as necessary, but at least once every year unless they meet the criteria for the source water monitoring exemptions under the CGMP regulations. This final rule will ensure that the minimum quality of bottled water, as affected by arsenic, remains comparable with the quality of public drinking water that meets the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) standards. JF - Federal register AU - Food and Drug Administration, HHS AD - Food and Drug Administration, HHS Y1 - 2005/06/09/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 09 SP - 33694 EP - 33701 VL - 70 IS - 110 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Product Labeling KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Humans KW - Beverages -- standards KW - Consumer Product Safety -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Arsenic -- standards KW - Water -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67916573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=Beverages%3A+bottled+water.+Final+rule.&rft.au=Food+and+Drug+Administration%2C+HHS&rft.aulast=Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aufirst=HHS&rft.date=2005-06-09&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=110&rft.spage=33694&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The endogenous cannabinoid anandamide and its synthetic analog R(+)-methanandamide are intravenously self-administered by squirrel monkeys. AN - 67915147; 15944392 AB - Anandamide, an endogenous ligand for brain cannabinoid CB(1) receptors, produces many behavioral effects similar to those of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive ingredient in marijuana. Reinforcing effects of THC have been demonstrated in experimental animals, but there is only indirect evidence that endogenous cannabinoids such as anandamide participate in brain reward processes. We now show that anandamide serves as an effective reinforcer of drug-taking behavior when self-administered intravenously by squirrel monkeys. We also show that methanandamide, a synthetic long-lasting anandamide analog, similarly serves as a reinforcer of drug-taking behavior. Finally, we show that the reinforcing effects of both anandamide and methanandamide are blocked by pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB(1) receptor antagonist rimonabant (SR141716). These findings strongly suggest that release of endogenous cannabinoids is involved in brain reward processes and that activation of cannabinoid CB(1) receptors by anandamide could be part of the signaling of natural rewarding events. JF - The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Justinova, Zuzana AU - Solinas, Marcello AU - Tanda, Gianluigi AU - Redhi, Godfrey H AU - Goldberg, Steven R AD - Preclinical Pharmacology Section, Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. Y1 - 2005/06/08/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 08 SP - 5645 EP - 5650 VL - 25 IS - 23 KW - Arachidonic Acids KW - 0 KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators KW - Endocannabinoids KW - Piperidines KW - Polyunsaturated Alkamides KW - Pyrazoles KW - Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 KW - methanandamide KW - 150314-39-9 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - rimonabant KW - RML78EN3XE KW - anandamide KW - UR5G69TJKH KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Infusions, Intravenous KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Cocaine -- administration & dosage KW - Piperidines -- pharmacology KW - Pyrazoles -- pharmacology KW - Saimiri KW - Self Administration KW - Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 -- physiology KW - Cocaine -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators -- pharmacology KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators -- administration & dosage KW - Reinforcement (Psychology) KW - Arachidonic Acids -- chemistry KW - Arachidonic Acids -- administration & dosage KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators -- chemistry KW - Arachidonic Acids -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67915147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=The+endogenous+cannabinoid+anandamide+and+its+synthetic+analog+R%28%2B%29-methanandamide+are+intravenously+self-administered+by+squirrel+monkeys.&rft.au=Justinova%2C+Zuzana%3BSolinas%2C+Marcello%3BTanda%2C+Gianluigi%3BRedhi%2C+Godfrey+H%3BGoldberg%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Justinova&rft.aufirst=Zuzana&rft.date=2005-06-08&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=5645&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=1529-2401&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-17 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Neurochem. 2000 Apr;74(4):1627-35 [10737621] Neuropsychopharmacology. 2005 Nov;30(11):2035-45 [15812567] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2000 Apr;149(2):121-8 [10805606] Nat Neurosci. 2000 Nov;3(11):1073-4 [11036260] J Neurochem. 2000 Dec;75(6):2434-44 [11080195] Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001 Feb;24(2):97-129 [11120394] Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Jul;60(1):155-63 [11408610] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001 Aug;156(4):369-80 [11498713] Neuroscience. 2001;106(1):1-4 [11564411] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 May;301(2):698-704 [11961075] J Neurosci. 2002 May 1;22(9):3326-31 [11978807] Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2002 Feb-Mar;66(2-3):377-91 [12052051] Brain Res. 2002 Nov 1;954(1):73-81 [12393235] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Jul;306(1):93-102 [12660305] Physiol Rev. 2003 Jul;83(3):1017-66 [12843414] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Sep;169(2):135-40 [12827345] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Sep;169(2):115-34 [12827346] Nat Rev Neurosci. 2003 Nov;4(11):873-84 [14595399] Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Nov 7;480(1-3):133-50 [14623357] Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004 Jun;5(6):483-94 [15152198] Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2004 Aug;12(3):173-9 [15301634] Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2004 Sep;3(9):771-84 [15340387] Neuropharmacology. 2004;47 Suppl 1:359-67 [15464150] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 Nov;176(2):223-32 [15083252] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1973 Jul;186(1):18-30 [4198773] Science. 1992 Dec 18;258(5090):1946-9 [1470919] J Med Chem. 1994 Jun 10;37(12):1889-93 [8021930] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1994 Jul;270(1):219-27 [8035318] FEBS Lett. 1994 Aug 22;350(2-3):240-4 [8070571] Life Sci. 1996;58(15):1249-57 [8614278] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Mar;284(3):1209-17 [9495885] Life Sci. 1998;62(26):2431-9 [9651110] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Nov;287(2):598-605 [9808686] Science. 1999 Jan 15;283(5400):401-4 [9888857] Nat Neurosci. 1999 Apr;2(4):358-63 [10204543] Nature. 1999 Jul 29;400(6743):452-7 [10440374] Behav Pharmacol. 1999 May;10(3):327-31 [10780247] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Stem Cells and the FDA: Regulatory Considerations for Proceeding to Clinical Trials T2 - 2005 In Vitro Biology Meeting AN - 39674253; 3954864 JF - 2005 In Vitro Biology Meeting AU - Fink, Donald Y1 - 2005/06/05/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 05 KW - Clinical trials KW - Stem cells KW - FDA KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39674253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+In+Vitro+Biology+Meeting&rft.atitle=Stem+Cells+and+the+FDA%3A+Regulatory+Considerations+for+Proceeding+to+Clinical+Trials&rft.au=Fink%2C+Donald&rft.aulast=Fink&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2005-06-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+In+Vitro+Biology+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sivb.org/meeting_AtAGlance.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Taurine chloramine, an oxidant derived from neutrophils, induces apoptosis in human B lymphoma cells through mitochondrial damage. AN - 67880302; 15799967 AB - Taurine chloramine (TN-Cl) is one of the most abundant compounds generated by activated neutrophils. In contrast to HOCl, which causes necrosis, TN-Cl is a potent inducer of apoptosis in tumor cells. Here we show that the apoptosis induced by TN-Cl in human B lymphoma cells is dependent upon oxidant-mediated mitochondrial damage, a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, and caspase-9 activation. Further, we show that TN-Cl is taken up into the cells and is concentrated in the mitochondria, where it induces opening of the permeability transition pore and mitochondrial swelling. Identical activity is seen upon treatment of isolated mitochondria with TN-Cl and is blocked by the permeability transition pore inhibitors bongkrekic acid and cyclosporin A, as well as by the sulfhydryl-reducing agent tris(2-carboxyethyl)-phosphine. The data suggest that TN-Cl causes apoptosis through direct damage to the mitochondria. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Klamt, Fabio AU - Shacter, Emily AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Therapeutic Proteins, Center of Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/06/03/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 03 SP - 21346 EP - 21352 VL - 280 IS - 22 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Inflammation Mediators KW - Oxidants KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds KW - Bongkrekic Acid KW - 11076-19-0 KW - Taurine KW - 1EQV5MLY3D KW - Valinomycin KW - 2001-95-8 KW - Propidium KW - 36015-30-2 KW - N-chlorotaurine KW - 51036-13-6 KW - Cyclosporine KW - 83HN0GTJ6D KW - CASP9 protein, human KW - EC 3.4.22.- KW - Caspase 9 KW - Caspases KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Microscopy, Confocal KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds -- metabolism KW - Oxygen -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Indicators and Reagents -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Caspases -- metabolism KW - Permeability KW - Valinomycin -- pharmacology KW - Cyclosporine -- pharmacology KW - Cell Death KW - Inflammation Mediators -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Potentials KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Propidium -- pharmacology KW - Intracellular Membranes -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Bongkrekic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Neutrophils -- metabolism KW - Taurine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Apoptosis KW - Oxidants -- pharmacology KW - Oxidants -- chemistry KW - Mitochondria -- pathology KW - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- pathology KW - Mitochondria -- metabolism KW - Taurine -- pharmacology KW - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67880302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Taurine+chloramine%2C+an+oxidant+derived+from+neutrophils%2C+induces+apoptosis+in+human+B+lymphoma+cells+through+mitochondrial+damage.&rft.au=Klamt%2C+Fabio%3BShacter%2C+Emily&rft.aulast=Klamt&rft.aufirst=Fabio&rft.date=2005-06-03&rft.volume=280&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=21346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparative study of unrelaxed surfaces on quartz and kaolinite, using the periodic density functional theory. AN - 70170106; 16852318 AB - To investigate surface properties of fractured silica particles, which are commonly connected to the etiology of silica toxicity, models of low-index unrelaxed surfaces of quartz and kaolinite were constructed and analyzed using the periodic density functional theory calculations. The models were used to investigate surface sites that emerge in the processes of heterolytic and homolytic cleavage of quartz. It is found that the quartz surface is stabilized by two types of interactions. One, due to a more even charge distribution of sites, was characterized by surface energies of up to 0.025 eV x A(-2) and the other, due to a more even oxygen distribution between complementary surfaces, was up to 0.036 eV x A(-2). The total specific surface energies of unrelaxed surfaces ranged from 0.161 to 0.200 eV x A(-2) for quartz and from 0.017 to 0.158 eV x A(-2) for kaolinite. For the conchoidal fracture of quartz an average specific surface energy of 0.187 eV x A(-2) was obtained. These results provide a foundation for further characterization of the surface properties of mechanically comminuted respirable silica particulate and for reduction of occupational health hazards due to pulverized silica. JF - The journal of physical chemistry. B AU - Murashov, Vladimir V AU - Demchuk, Eugene AD - Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. vmurashov@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/06/02/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 02 SP - 10835 EP - 10841 VL - 109 IS - 21 SN - 1520-6106, 1520-6106 KW - Silanes KW - 0 KW - Silicates KW - silanol KW - 079V3J9O3X KW - Quartz KW - 14808-60-7 KW - Kaolin KW - 24H4NWX5CO KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Silicates -- chemistry KW - Crystallization KW - Silanes -- chemistry KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Surface Properties KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Oxygen -- chemistry KW - Kaolin -- chemistry KW - Quartz -- chemistry KW - Chemistry, Physical -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70170106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+journal+of+physical+chemistry.+B&rft.atitle=A+comparative+study+of+unrelaxed+surfaces+on+quartz+and+kaolinite%2C+using+the+periodic+density+functional+theory.&rft.au=Murashov%2C+Vladimir+V%3BDemchuk%2C+Eugene&rft.aulast=Murashov&rft.aufirst=Vladimir&rft.date=2005-06-02&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=10835&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+journal+of+physical+chemistry.+B&rft.issn=15206106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2007-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2006-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - QSAR modeling of carcinogenic risk using discriminant analysis and topological molecular descriptors. AN - 70125590; 16472230 AB - A discriminant analysis model is presented for carcinogenic risk. The data set is obtained from the two-year rodent study FDA/CDER database and was divided into a training set of 1022 organic compounds and an external validation test set of 50 compounds. The model is designed to use as a decision support tool for a defined decision threshold, and is thus a binary discrimination into "high risk" and "low risk" categories. The carcinogenic risk classification is based on the method for estimating human risk from two-year rodent studies developed at the FDA/CDER/ICSAS. The paradigm chosen for this model allows a straightforward risk analysis based on historic information, as well as the computation of coverage, probability and confidence metrics that can further qualify the computed result. The molecular structures were represented as MDL mol files. The molecular structure information was obtained as topological structure descriptors, including atom-type and group-type E-State and hydrogen E-State indices, molecular connectivity chi indices, topological polarity, and counts of molecular features. The MDL QSAR software computed all these descriptors. Furthermore, the discriminant analyses were all performed with the MDL QSAR software. The reported model is based on fifty-three descriptors, using the nonparametric normal kernel method and the Mahalanobis distance to determine proximity. The model performed very well on the fifty compounds of the test set, yielding the following statistics: 76% correctly classified "high risk" (carcinogenic) and 84% correctly classified as "low risk" (non-carcinogenic). JF - Current drug discovery technologies AU - Contrera, Joseph F AU - Maclaughlin, Philip AU - Hall, Lowell H AU - Kier, Lemont B AD - Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Science, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20857, USA. contrerajf@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 55 EP - 67 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1570-1638, 1570-1638 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Molecular Structure KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Databases, Factual KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Mice KW - Risk Assessment KW - Decision Support Techniques KW - Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70125590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+drug+discovery+technologies&rft.atitle=QSAR+modeling+of+carcinogenic+risk+using+discriminant+analysis+and+topological+molecular+descriptors.&rft.au=Contrera%2C+Joseph+F%3BMaclaughlin%2C+Philip%3BHall%2C+Lowell+H%3BKier%2C+Lemont+B&rft.aulast=Contrera&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+drug+discovery+technologies&rft.issn=15701638&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-03-21 N1 - Date created - 2006-02-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying new PCR targets for pathogenic bacteria using top-down LC/MS protein discovery. AN - 68056940; 16030320 AB - We have investigated the use of a top-down liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric (LC/MS) approach for the identification of specific protein biomarkers useful for differentiation of closely related strains of bacteria. The sequence information derived from the protein biomarker was then used to develop specific polymerase chain reaction primers useful for rapid identification of the strains. Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) strains were used for this evaluation. The expressed protein profiles of two closely related serotype 0157:H7 strains, the predominant strain implicated in illness worldwide, and the nonpathogenic E. coli K-12 strain were compared with each other in an attempt to identify new protein markers that could be used to distinguish the 0157:H7 strains from each other and from the E. coli K-12 strain. Sequencing of a single protein unique to one of the 0157:H7 strains identified it as a cytolethal distending toxin, a potential virulence marker. The protein sequence information enabled the derivation of genetic sequence information for this toxin, thus allowing the development of specific polymerase chain reaction primers for its detection. In addition, the top-down LC/MS technique was able to identify other unique biomarkers and differentiate nearly identical 0157:H7 strains, which exhibited identical phenotypic, serologic, and genetic traits. The results of these studies demonstrate that this approach can be expanded to other serotypes of interest and provide a rational approach to identifying new molecular targets for detection. JF - Journal of biomolecular techniques : JBT AU - Williams, Tracie L AU - Monday, Steven R AU - Feng, Peter C H AU - Musser, Steven M AD - College Park, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, MD 20740, USA. Tracie.Williams@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 134 EP - 142 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1524-0215, 1524-0215 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Escherichia coli K12 -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli K12 -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Escherichia coli K12 -- pathogenicity KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- pathogenicity KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- genetics KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Escherichia coli Infections -- microbiology KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Proteomics KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Chromatography, Liquid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68056940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biomolecular+techniques+%3A+JBT&rft.atitle=Identifying+new+PCR+targets+for+pathogenic+bacteria+using+top-down+LC%2FMS+protein+discovery.&rft.au=Williams%2C+Tracie+L%3BMonday%2C+Steven+R%3BFeng%2C+Peter+C+H%3BMusser%2C+Steven+M&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Tracie&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biomolecular+techniques+%3A+JBT&rft.issn=15240215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-10-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 2000 Aug 4;745(1):197-210 [10997715] Nat Biotechnol. 1999 Oct;17(10):994-9 [10504701] J Clin Microbiol. 2001 Jan;39(1):24-8 [11136742] J Clin Microbiol. 2001 Jun;39(6):2043-9 [11376032] Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2001 Jul;8(4):711-7 [11427416] J Infect Dis. 2001 Oct 1;184(7):918-21 [11510000] Proteomics. 2001 Apr;1(4):461-72 [11681200] J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2001 Dec;12(12):1238-46 [11766750] J Am Chem Soc. 2002 Jan 30;124(4):672-8 [11804498] J Mass Spectrom. 2002 Feb;37(2):133-45 [11857757] Biomol Eng. 2001 Nov;18(5):207-12 [11911087] J Chromatogr A. 2002 Mar 8;949(1-2):173-84 [11999733] Curr Opin Mol Ther. 2002 Jun;4(3):242-50 [12139310] Dis Markers. 2002;18(2):99-105 [12364816] Anal Chem. 2002 Nov 15;74(22):5807-13 [12463365] J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2003 Mar;14(3):253-61 [12648932] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Sep 12;309(1):253-60 [12943690] J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2003 Sep;14(9):971-9 [12954165] Anal Chem. 2004 Feb 15;76(4):1002-7 [14961731] Proteomics. 2004 Mar;4(3):562-77 [14997480] J Bacteriol. 2004 Apr;186(8):2319-27 [15060034] J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Apr;42(4):1657-65 [15071022] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 30;101(13):4614-9 [15070766] Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):429-33 [15164065] Mol Microbiol. 1994 Apr;12(2):277-85 [8057852] Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998 Jan;11(1):142-201 [9457432] J Infect Dis. 1998 Jun;177(6):1750-3 [9607864] Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998 Jul;11(3):450-79 [9665978] Mol Cell Probes. 2000 Dec;14(6):333-7 [11090262] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abrasive blasting agents: designing studies to evaluate relative risk. AN - 68036557; 16020188 AB - Workers exposed to respirable crystalline silica used in abrasive blasting are at increased risk of developing a debilitating and often fatal fibrotic lung disease called silicosis. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends that silica sand be prohibited as abrasive blasting material and that less hazardous materials be used in blasting operations. However, data are needed on the relative risks associated with exposure to abrasive blasting materials other than silica. NIOSH has completed acute studies in rats (Hubbs et al., 2001; Porter et al., 2002). To provide dose-response data applicable to making recommendation for occupational exposure limits, NIOSH has collaborated with the National Toxicology Program (NTP) to design longer term studies with silica substitutes. For risk assessment purposes, selected doses will include concentrations that are relevant to human exposures. Rat lung burdens achieved should be comparable to those estimated in humans with working lifetime exposures, even if this results in "overloading" doses in rats. To quantify both dose and response, retained particle burdens in the lungs and lung-associated lymph nodes will be measured, as well as biochemical and pathological indices of pulmonary response. This design will facilitate assessment of the pulmonary fibrogenic potential of inhaled abrasive blasting agents at occupationally relevant concentrations. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Hubbs, Ann AU - Greskevitch, Mark AU - Kuempel, Eileen AU - Suarez, Fernando AU - Toraason, Mark AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. AHubbs@cdc.gov PY - 2005 SP - 999 EP - 1016 VL - 68 IS - 11-12 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Coal KW - 0 KW - Dust KW - Ferric Compounds KW - Steel KW - 12597-69-2 KW - ferric oxide KW - 1K09F3G675 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Crystallization KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Glass KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Silicosis -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Construction Materials -- toxicity KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Silicon Dioxide -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68036557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Abrasive+blasting+agents%3A+designing+studies+to+evaluate+relative+risk.&rft.au=Hubbs%2C+Ann%3BGreskevitch%2C+Mark%3BKuempel%2C+Eileen%3BSuarez%2C+Fernando%3BToraason%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Hubbs&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=999&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-17 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ASTM international standards for monitoring chemical hazards in workplaces. AN - 68034074; 16020085 JF - Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene AU - Ashley, Kevin AU - Harper, Martin AU - American Society for Testing and Materials AD - U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226-1998, USA. KAshley@cdc.gov ; American Society for Testing and Materials Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - D44 EP - D47 VL - 2 IS - 6 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Directories as Topic KW - Societies, Scientific KW - Internationality KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68034074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.atitle=ASTM+international+standards+for+monitoring+chemical+hazards+in+workplaces.&rft.au=Ashley%2C+Kevin%3BHarper%2C+Martin%3BAmerican+Society+for+Testing+and+Materials&rft.aulast=Ashley&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=D44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endocannabinoid signaling system and brain reward: emphasis on dopamine. AN - 67954176; 15936806 AB - The brain's reward circuitry consists of an "in series" circuit of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (Acb), and that portion of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) which links the VTA and Acb. Drugs which enhance brain reward (and have derivative addictive potential) have common actions on this core DA reward system and on animal behaviors relating to its function. Such drugs enhance electrical brain-stimulation reward in this reward system; enhance neural firing and DA tone within it; produce conditioned place preference (CPP), a behavioral model of incentive motivation; are self-administered; and trigger reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior in animals extinguished from drug self-administration. Cannabinoids were long considered different from other reward-enhancing drugs in reward efficacy and in underlying neurobiological substrates activated. However, it is now clear that cannabinoids activate these brain reward processes and reward-related behaviors in similar fashion to other reward-enhancing drugs. This brief review discusses the roles that endogenous cannabinoids (especially activation of the CB1 receptor) may play within the core reward system, and concludes that while cannabinoids activate the reward pathways in a manner consistent with other reward-enhancing drugs, the neural mechanisms by which this occurs may differ. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Gardner, Eliot L AD - Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Building C-Room 393, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. egardner@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 263 EP - 284 VL - 81 IS - 2 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators KW - 0 KW - Cannabinoids KW - Endocannabinoids KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Behavior -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Self Administration KW - Humans KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Cannabinoids -- pharmacology KW - Brain Chemistry -- physiology KW - Signal Transduction -- physiology KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators -- physiology KW - Reward KW - Brain -- anatomy & histology KW - Dopamine -- physiology KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Brain -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67954176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=Endocannabinoid+signaling+system+and+brain+reward%3A+emphasis+on+dopamine.&rft.au=Gardner%2C+Eliot+L&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=Eliot&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FDA drug approval summary: pemetrexed for injection (Alimta) for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. AN - 67952514; 15967829 AB - On August 19, 2004, pemetrexed for injection (Alimta); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, http://www.lilly.com) received accelerated approval as monotherapy for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had received prior chemotherapy. Approval was primarily based on a single, controlled, unblinded trial. Five hundred seventy-one protocol-eligible patients were randomized to receive either pemetrexed or docetaxel (Taxotere); Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Bridgewater, NJ, http://www.aventispharmaus.com). The primary efficacy end point was overall survival. The median survival times were 8.3 months in the pemetrexed arm and 7.9 months in the docetaxel arm. Neither superiority nor noninferiority for overall survival could be demonstrated, the latter because a reliable and consistent survival effect of docetaxel could not be estimated and because of significant crossover of pemetrexed-treated patients to docetaxel after tumor progression. Comparable response rates, 9.1% for pemetrexed and 8.8% for docetaxel, times to progressive disease, and progression-free survival times supported the conclusion that an effect of pemetrexed on survival was reasonably likely, however. In addition, pemetrexed was felt to have a more favorable safety profile than docetaxel. Of greatest importance, pemetrexed caused significantly less neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, neutropenic infections, and need for granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factors. JF - The oncologist AU - Cohen, Martin H AU - Johnson, John R AU - Wang, Yong-Cheng AU - Sridhara, Rajeshwari AU - Pazdur, Richard AD - Division of Oncology Drug Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA. cohenma@cder.fda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 363 EP - 368 VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 1083-7159, 1083-7159 KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic KW - 0 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - Glutamates KW - Taxoids KW - Pemetrexed KW - 04Q9AIZ7NO KW - docetaxel KW - 15H5577CQD KW - Guanine KW - 5Z93L87A1R KW - Dexamethasone KW - 7S5I7G3JQL KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Dexamethasone -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Disease Progression KW - Aged KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Female KW - Male KW - Survival Analysis KW - Guanine -- adverse effects KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic -- adverse effects KW - Drug Approval KW - Guanine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Glutamates -- therapeutic use KW - Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung -- enzymology KW - Taxoids -- therapeutic use KW - Glutamates -- adverse effects KW - Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung -- drug therapy KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic -- therapeutic use KW - Guanine -- therapeutic use KW - Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67952514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+oncologist&rft.atitle=FDA+drug+approval+summary%3A+pemetrexed+for+injection+%28Alimta%29+for+the+treatment+of+non-small+cell+lung+cancer.&rft.au=Cohen%2C+Martin+H%3BJohnson%2C+John+R%3BWang%2C+Yong-Cheng%3BSridhara%2C+Rajeshwari%3BPazdur%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+oncologist&rft.issn=10837159&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence, correlates, and comorbidity of DSM-IV antisocial personality syndromes and alcohol and specific drug use disorders in the United States: results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. AN - 67949601; 15960559 AB - The purpose of this study was to provide nationally representative data on the prevalence, sociodemographic correlates, and comorbidity of antisocial syndromes across alcohol and 8 specific drug use disorders, including sedative, tranquilizer, opiate, stimulant, hallucinogen, cannabis, cocaine, and inhalant/solvent abuse and dependence. This study is based on a nationally representative sample of adults. Lifetime prevalences of antisocial syndromes were estimated and logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations between antisocial syndromes and sociodemographic characteristics and substance use disorders. Diagnoses were made according to the criteria of the DSM-IV using the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-DSM-IV Version. The lifetime prevalences of antisocial personality disorder (APD), conduct disorder, and adult antisocial behavior were 3.6%, 1.1%, and 12.3%, respectively. Prevalences of alcohol use disorders and drug use disorders were 30.3% and 10.3%, respectively. In general, men and individuals who were younger, widowed/separated/divorced, of lower socioeconomic status, and living in urban areas or in the West were more likely to have antisocial syndromes. Native Americans were more likely and Asians and Hispanics were less likely to have APD and adult antisocial behavior. Virtually all of the associations between APD and adult antisocial behavior and specific substance use disorders were positive and statistically significant (p < .05). Significant associations between conduct disorder and substance use disorders were concentrated among women. Comorbidity of specific substance disorders with antisocial syndromes is very common in the U.S. population. Further work in many directions is indicated by the results of this study, including the factors that give rise to the associations and the treatment and prevention implications of these conditions when comorbid. JF - The Journal of clinical psychiatry AU - Compton, Wilson M AU - Conway, Kevin P AU - Stinson, Frederick S AU - Colliver, James D AU - Grant, Bridget F AD - Division of Epidemiology, Services, and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 677 EP - 685 VL - 66 IS - 6 SN - 0160-6689, 0160-6689 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Comorbidity KW - Epidemiologic Studies KW - Adult KW - Health Surveys KW - Middle Aged KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales -- statistics & numerical data KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders KW - Female KW - Male KW - Prevalence KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Antisocial Personality Disorder -- epidemiology KW - Alcoholism -- epidemiology KW - Alcoholism -- diagnosis KW - Antisocial Personality Disorder -- diagnosis KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67949601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+clinical+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Prevalence%2C+correlates%2C+and+comorbidity+of+DSM-IV+antisocial+personality+syndromes+and+alcohol+and+specific+drug+use+disorders+in+the+United+States%3A+results+from+the+national+epidemiologic+survey+on+alcohol+and+related+conditions.&rft.au=Compton%2C+Wilson+M%3BConway%2C+Kevin+P%3BStinson%2C+Frederick+S%3BColliver%2C+James+D%3BGrant%2C+Bridget+F&rft.aulast=Compton&rft.aufirst=Wilson&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=677&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+clinical+psychiatry&rft.issn=01606689&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-04 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proteomic identification of potential susceptibility factors in drug-induced liver disease. AN - 67946695; 15962927 AB - Drug-induced liver disease (DILD) causes significant morbidity and mortality and impairs new drug development. Currently, no known criteria can predict whether a drug will cause DILD or what risk factors make an individual susceptible. Although it has been shown in mouse studies that the disruption of key regulatory factors, such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10, increased susceptibility to DILD caused by acetaminophen (APAP), no single factor seems to be absolute. As an approach to better understand the multifactorial basis of DILD, we compared the hepatic proteome of mice that are resistant (SJL) and susceptible (C57Bl/6) to APAP-induced liver disease (AILD), using solution-based isotope-coded affinity tag (ICAT) liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Several novel factors were identified that were more highly expressed in the livers of SJL mice, including those involved in stress response, cell proliferation and tissue regeneration, and protein modification, implicating these proteins as potential hepatoprotective factors. There was also a selective loss of several mitochondrial proteins from the livers of the susceptible C57Bl/6 mice, suggesting that the loss of functional mitochondria may indeed play a role in AILD. These findings indicate that comparative hepatic proteomic analyses of susceptible and resistant mouse strains may provide a global approach for identifying potential risk factors and mechanistic pathways responsible for DILD. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Welch, Kevin D AU - Wen, Bo AU - Goodlett, David R AU - Yi, Eugene C AU - Lee, Hookeun AU - Reilly, Timothy P AU - Nelson, Sidney D AU - Pohl, Lance R AD - Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. WelchKD@nhlbi.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 924 EP - 933 VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Affinity Labels KW - 0 KW - Acetaminophen KW - 362O9ITL9D KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Affinity Labels -- chemistry KW - Mitochondria, Liver -- metabolism KW - Drug Resistance KW - Liver Diseases -- mortality KW - Mitochondria, Liver -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Disease Susceptibility -- metabolism KW - Liver Diseases -- metabolism KW - Chromatography, Affinity KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Species Specificity KW - Acetaminophen -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Proteomics -- methods KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury KW - Liver -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67946695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Proteomic+identification+of+potential+susceptibility+factors+in+drug-induced+liver+disease.&rft.au=Welch%2C+Kevin+D%3BWen%2C+Bo%3BGoodlett%2C+David+R%3BYi%2C+Eugene+C%3BLee%2C+Hookeun%3BReilly%2C+Timothy+P%3BNelson%2C+Sidney+D%3BPohl%2C+Lance+R&rft.aulast=Welch&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=924&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure-activity models for contact sensitization. AN - 67944105; 15962930 AB - Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a widespread cause of workers' disabilities. Although some substances found in the workplace are rigorously tested, the potential of the vast majority of chemicals to cause skin sensitization remains unknown. At the same time, exhaustive testing of all chemicals in workplaces is costly and raises ethical concerns. New approaches to developing information for risk assessment based on computational (quantitative) structure-activity relationship [(Q)SAR] methods may be complementary to and reduce the need for animal testing. Virtually any number of existing, de novo, and even preconceived compounds can be screened in silico at a fraction of the cost of animal testing. This work investigates the utility of ACD (Q)SAR modeling from the occupational health perspective using two leading software products, DEREK for Windows and TOPKAT, and an original method based on logistic regression methodology. It is found that the correct classification of (Q)SAR predictions for guinea pig data achieves values of 73.3, 82.9, and 87.6% for TOPKAT, DEREK for Windows, and the logistic regression model, respectively. The correct classification using LLNA data equals 73.0 and 83.2% for DEREK for Windows and the logistic regression model, respectively. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Fedorowicz, Adam AU - Singh, Harshinder AU - Soderholm, Sidney AU - Demchuk, Eugene AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA. ajf4@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 954 EP - 969 VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Allergens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Logistic Models KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Humans KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Allergens -- chemistry KW - Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Dermatitis, Occupational -- etiology KW - Dermatitis, Allergic Contact -- etiology KW - Allergens -- toxicity KW - Models, Chemical KW - Allergens -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67944105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Structure-activity+models+for+contact+sensitization.&rft.au=Fedorowicz%2C+Adam%3BSingh%2C+Harshinder%3BSoderholm%2C+Sidney%3BDemchuk%2C+Eugene&rft.aulast=Fedorowicz&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=954&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Staphylococcal enterotoxin and its rapid identification in foods by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based methodology. AN - 67930093; 15954720 AB - The problem of Staphylococcus aureus and other species as contaminants in the food supply remains significant on a global level. Time and temperature abuse of a food product contaminated with enterotoxigenic staphylococci can result in formation of enterotoxin, which can produce foodborne illness when the product is ingested. Between 100 and 200 ng of enterotoxin can cause symptoms consistent with staphylococcal intoxication. Although humans are the primary reservoirs of contamination, animals, air, dust, and food contact surfaces can serve as vehicles in the transfer of this pathogen to the food supply. Foods may become contaminated during production or processing and in homes or food establishments, where the organism can proliferate to high concentrations and subsequently produce enterotoxin. The staphylococcal enterotoxins are highly heat stable and can remain biologically active after exposure to retort temperatures. Prior to the development of serological methods for the identification of enterotoxin, monkeys (gastric intubation) and later kittens (intravenous injection) were used in assays for toxin detection. When enterotoxins were identified as mature proteins that were antigenic, serological assays were developed for use in the laboratory analysis of foods suspected of containing preformed enterotoxin. More recently developed methods are tracer-labeled immunoassays. Of these methods, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays are highly specific, highly sensitive, and rapid for the detection of enterotoxin in foods. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Bennett, Reginald W AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA. reginald.bennett@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1264 EP - 1270 VL - 68 IS - 6 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Enterotoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay -- methods KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Enterotoxins -- analysis KW - Staphylococcal Food Poisoning -- prevention & control KW - Staphylococcus aureus -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67930093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Staphylococcal+enterotoxin+and+its+rapid+identification+in+foods+by+enzyme-linked+immunosorbent+assay-based+methodology.&rft.au=Bennett%2C+Reginald+W&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Reginald&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-18 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for detection of Clostridium botulinum toxin in foods. AN - 67929940; 15954719 AB - Botulism is a deadly disease caused by ingestion of the preformed neurotoxin produced from the anaerobic spore-forming bacteria Clostridium botulinum. Botulinum neurotoxins are the most poisonous toxins known and have been a concern in the food industry for a long time. Therefore, rapid identification of botulinum neurotoxin using molecular and biochemical techniques is an essential component in the establishment of coordinated laboratory response systems and is the focus of current research and development. Because of the extreme toxicity of botulinum neurotoxin, some confirmatory testing with the mouse bioassay is still necessary, but rapid methods capable of screening large numbers of samples are also needed. This review is focused on the development of several detection methods for botulinum neurotoxins in foods. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Sharma, Shashi K AU - Whiting, Richard C AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740-3835, USA. shashi.sharma@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1256 EP - 1263 VL - 68 IS - 6 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Botulinum Toxins KW - EC 3.4.24.69 KW - Index Medicus KW - Biological Assay -- methods KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay -- methods KW - Animals KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect -- methods KW - Neurotoxins -- isolation & purification KW - Humans KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Neurotoxins -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Biosensing Techniques -- methods KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Botulinum Toxins -- analysis KW - Botulism -- prevention & control KW - Botulinum Toxins -- toxicity KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Clostridium botulinum -- metabolism KW - Mass Screening -- methods KW - Botulinum Toxins -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67929940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Methods+for+detection+of+Clostridium+botulinum+toxin+in+foods.&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Shashi+K%3BWhiting%2C+Richard+C&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Shashi&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-18 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chips and SNPs, bugs and thugs: a molecular sleuthing perspective. AN - 67929537; 15954721 AB - Recent events both here and abroad have focused attention on the need for ensuring a safe and secure food supply. Although much has been written about the potential of particular select agents in bioterrorism, we must consider seriously the more mundane pathogens, especially those that have been implicated previously in foodborne outbreaks of human disease, as possible agents of bioterrorism. Given their evolutionary history, the enteric pathogens are more diverse than agents such as Bacillus anthracis, Francisella tularensis, or Yersinia pestis. This greater diversity, however, is a double-edged sword; although diversity affords the opportunity for unequivocal identification of an organism without the need for whole-genome sequencing, the same diversity can confound definitive forensic identification if boundaries are not well defined. Here, we discuss molecular approaches used for the identification of Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Shigella spp. and viral pathogens and discuss the utility of these approaches to the field of microbial molecular forensics. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Cebula, Thomas A AU - Jackson, Scott A AU - Brown, Eric W AU - Goswami, Biswendu AU - LeClerc, J Eugene AD - Division of Molecular Biology (HFS-025), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA. tcebula@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1271 EP - 1284 VL - 68 IS - 6 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Genetic Markers KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Food Microbiology KW - Humans KW - Microarray Analysis KW - Species Specificity KW - Bacteria -- genetics KW - Bacterial Typing Techniques -- methods KW - Viruses -- isolation & purification KW - Bioterrorism -- prevention & control KW - Biological Warfare KW - Bacteria -- isolation & purification KW - Viruses -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67929537?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Chips+and+SNPs%2C+bugs+and+thugs%3A+a+molecular+sleuthing+perspective.&rft.au=Cebula%2C+Thomas+A%3BJackson%2C+Scott+A%3BBrown%2C+Eric+W%3BGoswami%2C+Biswendu%3BLeClerc%2C+J+Eugene&rft.aulast=Cebula&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-18 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing the burden of occupational injury and disease. AN - 67928845; 15951721 AB - To review the literature on the burden of occupational disease and injury and to provide a comprehensive characterization of the burden. The scientific and governmental literature from 1990 to the present was searched and evaluated. Thirty-eight studies illustrative of the burden of occupational disease were reviewed for findings, methodology, strengths, and limitations. Recent U.S. estimates of occupational mortality and morbidity include approximately 55,000 deaths (eighth leading cause) and 3.8 million disabling injuries per year, respectively. Comprehensive estimates of U.S. costs related to these burdens range between dollar 128 billion and dollar 155 billion per year. Despite these significant indicators, occupational morbidity, mortality, and risks are not well characterized in comparative burden assessments. The magnitude of occupational disease and injury burden is significant but underestimated. There is a need for an integrated approach to address these underestimates. JF - Journal of occupational and environmental medicine AU - Schulte, Paul A AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA. pas4@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 607 EP - 622 VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 1076-2752, 1076-2752 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Health Expenditures -- statistics & numerical data KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Wounds and Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- economics KW - Cost of Illness KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Wounds and Injuries -- mortality KW - Wounds and Injuries -- economics KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67928845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.atitle=Characterizing+the+burden+of+occupational+injury+and+disease.&rft.au=Schulte%2C+Paul+A&rft.aulast=Schulte&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=607&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.issn=10762752&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-03 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Occup Environ Med. 2006 Mar;48(3):233; author reply 233-4 [16531825] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feasibility of immunodiagnostic devices for the detection of ricin, amanitin, and T-2 toxin in food. AN - 67928275; 15954723 AB - Qualitative and quantitative comparisons were conducted of commercially available immunodiagnostic devices for the detection of three select agents with oral LD50 values > or = 0.1 mg/kg of body weight. Ricin (oral LD50 > 1 mg/kg), amanitin (oral LD50 approximately 0.1 mg/kg), and T-2 toxin (oral LD50 > 1 mg/kg) were spiked into beverages, produce, dairy, and baked goods and assayed using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and lateral flow devices. In all cases, the commercial diagnostic kits successfully detected all three select agents at concentrations below what might be a health concern. The considerable difference between the limit of detection of the immunodiagnostic devices employed (typically < or = 0.020 microg/g) and the amount of the select agent necessary to pose a health threat in a single serving of food facilitated the design of protocols for the high throughput screening of food samples. These protocols entailed simple extraction methods followed by sample dilution. Lateral flow devices and sandwich ELISAs for the detection of ricin had no significant background problems due to the food matrices. Competitive ELISAs, which typically have unacceptably high background reactions with food samples, successfully detected amanitin and T-2 toxin. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Garber, Eric A E AU - Eppley, Robert M AU - Stack, Michael E AU - McLaughlin, Michael A AU - Park, Douglas L AD - Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Plant and Dairy Foods, Division of Natural Products, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA. egarber@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1294 EP - 1301 VL - 68 IS - 6 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Amanitins KW - 0 KW - Reagent Kits, Diagnostic KW - Ricin KW - 9009-86-3 KW - T-2 Toxin KW - I3FL5NM3MO KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Food Analysis KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic KW - Cross Reactions KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay -- methods KW - T-2 Toxin -- isolation & purification KW - Ricin -- immunology KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Amanitins -- immunology KW - Amanitins -- isolation & purification KW - Ricin -- isolation & purification KW - T-2 Toxin -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67928275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Feasibility+of+immunodiagnostic+devices+for+the+detection+of+ricin%2C+amanitin%2C+and+T-2+toxin+in+food.&rft.au=Garber%2C+Eric+A+E%3BEppley%2C+Robert+M%3BStack%2C+Michael+E%3BMcLaughlin%2C+Michael+A%3BPark%2C+Douglas+L&rft.aulast=Garber&rft.aufirst=Eric+A&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-18 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural basis for endosomal targeting by the Bro1 domain. AN - 67905539; 15935782 AB - Proteins delivered to the lysosome or the yeast vacuole via late endosomes are sorted by the ESCRT complexes and by associated proteins, including Alix and its yeast homolog Bro1. Alix, Bro1, and several other late endosomal proteins share a conserved 160 residue Bro1 domain whose boundaries, structure, and function have not been characterized. The crystal structure of the Bro1 domain of Bro1 reveals a folded core of 367 residues. The extended Bro1 domain is necessary and sufficient for binding to the ESCRT-III subunit Snf7 and for the recruitment of Bro1 to late endosomes. The structure resembles a boomerang with its concave face filled in and contains a triple tetratricopeptide repeat domain as a substructure. Snf7 binds to a conserved hydrophobic patch on Bro1 that is required for protein complex formation and for the protein-sorting function of Bro1. These results define a conserved mechanism whereby Bro1 domain-containing proteins are targeted to endosomes by Snf7 and its orthologs. JF - Developmental cell AU - Kim, Jaewon AU - Sitaraman, Sujatha AU - Hierro, Aitor AU - Beach, Bridgette M AU - Odorizzi, Greg AU - Hurley, James H AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 937 EP - 947 VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 1534-5807, 1534-5807 KW - Bro1 protein, S cerevisiae KW - 0 KW - Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport KW - Fungal Proteins KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins KW - Vesicular Transport Proteins KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins KW - 147336-22-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique -- methods KW - Models, Molecular KW - Mutagenesis -- physiology KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal -- physiology KW - Protein Binding KW - Structural Homology, Protein KW - Protein Interaction Mapping KW - Cytoplasm -- metabolism KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Crystallography, X-Ray -- methods KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins -- metabolism KW - Fungal Proteins -- chemistry KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins -- metabolism KW - Fungal Proteins -- metabolism KW - Vesicular Transport Proteins -- metabolism KW - Endosomes -- metabolism KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins -- chemistry KW - Vesicular Transport Proteins -- chemistry KW - Protein Transport -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67905539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developmental+cell&rft.atitle=Structural+basis+for+endosomal+targeting+by+the+Bro1+domain.&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jaewon%3BSitaraman%2C+Sujatha%3BHierro%2C+Aitor%3BBeach%2C+Bridgette+M%3BOdorizzi%2C+Greg%3BHurley%2C+James+H&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jaewon&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=937&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developmental+cell&rft.issn=15345807&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - 1ZB1; PDB N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 9;277(32):29108-15 [12034747] Dev Cell. 2002 Aug;3(2):271-82 [12194857] Dev Cell. 2002 Aug;3(2):283-9 [12194858] Nature. 2002 Sep 26;419(6905):361-6 [12353027] Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2002 Aug;14(4):454-62 [12383796] Cell. 2002 Oct 18;111(2):143-6 [12408856] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2002 Dec;3(12):893-905 [12461556] Mol Cell Biol. 2003 Mar;23(5):1647-55 [12588984] J Virol. 2003 Apr;77(8):4794-804 [12663786] J Cell Sci. 2003 May 15;116(Pt 10):1893-903 [12668726] Structure. 2003 May;11(5):497-508 [12737816] J Virol. 2003 Jun;77(11):6507-19 [12743307] J Cell Biol. 2003 Aug 4;162(3):413-23 [12900393] J Cell Biol. 2003 Aug 4;162(3):435-42 [12900395] J Virol. 2003 Sep;77(17):9173-82 [12915533] EMBO J. 2003 Sep 15;22(18):4597-606 [12970172] Cell. 2003 Sep 19;114(6):689-99 [14505569] Cell. 2003 Sep 19;114(6):701-13 [14505570] J Biol Chem. 2003 Oct 3;278(40):39104-13 [12860994] J Cell Biol. 2003 Oct 27;163(2):237-43 [14581452] J Biol Chem. 2003 Dec 12;278(50):50732-43 [14523026] Arch Biochem Biophys. 2004 Jan 1;421(1):159-65 [14678797] Biochem J. 2004 Feb 1;377(Pt 3):693-700 [14583093] Science. 2004 Jan 23;303(5657):495-9 [14645856] Science. 2004 Jan 23;303(5657):531-4 [14739459] Mol Cell. 2004 Mar 26;13(6):783-9 [15053872] EMBO J. 2004 Apr 7;23(7):1411-21 [15029239] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Apr;5(4):317-23 [15071556] Traffic. 2004 Mar;5(3):194-210 [15086794] J Biol Chem. 2004 Jul 2;279(27):28689-96 [15044434] J Cell Biol. 2004 Aug 30;166(5):717-29 [15326198] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2004 Oct;11(10):1001-7 [15361863] Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Oct;24(20):8981-93 [15456872] Cell. 1990 Jan 26;60(2):307-17 [2404612] Acta Crystallogr A. 1991 Mar 1;47 ( Pt 2):110-9 [2025413] J Cell Biol. 1995 Mar;128(5):779-92 [7533169] Cell. 1995 Nov 17;83(4):513-6 [7585951] Curr Opin Struct Biol. 1996 Jun;6(3):377-85 [8804824] EMBO J. 1997 Apr 15;16(8):1820-31 [9155008] EMBO J. 1998 Mar 2;17(5):1192-9 [9482716] EMBO J. 1998 Jun 1;17(11):2982-93 [9606181] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 1998 Sep 1;54(Pt 5):905-21 [9757107] Cell. 1998 Dec 11;95(6):847-58 [9865702] J Biol Chem. 1999 Jan 15;274(3):1533-40 [9880530] Protein Expr Purif. 1999 Feb;15(1):34-9 [10024467] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 1999 Apr;55(Pt 4):849-61 [10089316] Cell Death Differ. 1999 Feb;6(2):124-9 [10200558] Mol Biol Cell. 2004 Dec;15(12):5528-37 [15371534] Traffic. 2005 Jan;6(1):2-9 [15569240] J Biol Chem. 2004 Dec 10;279(50):52255-61 [15456751] J Biol Chem. 2005 May 20;280(20):19600-6 [15755741] Methods Enzymol. 2005;403:322-32 [16473598] Cell. 2000 Apr 14;101(2):199-210 [10786835] J Biol Chem. 2000 Jun 23;275(25):19275-81 [10858458] Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2000 Aug;12(4):457-66 [10873832] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2000 Aug;56(Pt 8):965-72 [10944333] Mol Biol Cell. 2000 Oct;11(10):3365-80 [11029042] Nat Struct Biol. 2000 Dec;7(12):1091-5 [11101887] Mol Cell. 2000 Oct;6(4):899-907 [11090627] Protein Expr Purif. 2001 Feb;21(1):224-34 [11162410] J Mol Biol. 2001 Mar 16;307(1):271-82 [11243819] J Cell Sci. 2001 Jun;114(Pt 12):2255-63 [11493665] Cell. 2001 Jul 27;106(2):145-55 [11511343] Cell. 2001 Sep 7;106(5):527-30 [11551499] Traffic. 2001 Sep;2(9):612-21 [11555415] Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):276-80 [11752314] Nat Cell Biol. 2002 May;4(5):389-93 [11988742] Nat Cell Biol. 2002 May;4(5):394-8 [11988743] Nat Cell Biol. 2002 Jul;4(7):534-9 [12055639] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Placebo-controlled study of intravenous magnesium supplementation during large-volume leukapheresis in healthy allogeneic donors. AN - 67899991; 15934992 AB - Marked decreases in ionized magnesium (iMg) levels occur during large-volume leukapheresis (LVL); however, the effect of intravenous (IV) magnesium supplementation in this setting has not been carefully studied. Thirty healthy allogeneic peripheral blood progenitor cell donors receiving citrate anticoagulant with IV calcium prophylaxis were randomized to receive either IV magnesium (0.2 mg Mg per mL acid citrate dextrose-A) or placebo during LVL, with a double-blind design. Thirty subjects underwent 75 LVL pro- cedures, 37 with magnesium and 38 with placebo. Group characteristics were similar for sex, weight, citrate infusion rate (1.36 mg/kg/min vs. 1.37 mg/kg/min), and volume processed (16 L vs. 17 L). Serum iMg levels remained within the reference range with magnesium supplementation, but decreased 39+/-11 percent below baseline (p<10(-10)) after placebo, with greater decreases after consecutive procedures. Subjects receiving magnesium had more vigorous parathyroid hormone responses and higher glucose levels and also tended to have higher serum potassium and ionized calcium levels. Mild paresthesias, coldness, and nausea occurred in 28, 20, and 7 percent of donors, respectively, with no significant differences between groups. Severe symptoms (chest tightness) occurred in only one subject receiving placebo. IV magnesium supplementation exerts a significant impact on serum magnesium levels, but does not reduce the frequency or severity of the relatively mild citrate-related effects observed in LVL performed with continuous IV calcium prophylaxis. JF - Transfusion AU - Haddad, Salim AU - Leitman, Susan F AU - Wesley, Robert A AU - Cecco, Stacey AU - Yau, Yu Ying AU - Starling, Judith AU - Rehak, Nadja N AU - Bolan, Charles D AD - Department of Transfusion Medicine, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. salim.haddad@Fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 934 EP - 944 VL - 45 IS - 6 SN - 0041-1132, 0041-1132 KW - Anticoagulants KW - 0 KW - Parathyroid Hormone KW - Placebos KW - Solutions KW - Citric Acid KW - 2968PHW8QP KW - Creatinine KW - AYI8EX34EU KW - Magnesium KW - I38ZP9992A KW - Potassium KW - RWP5GA015D KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Creatinine -- urine KW - Infusions, Intravenous KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Calcium -- blood KW - Citric Acid -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Humans KW - Paresthesia -- chemically induced KW - Aged KW - Calcium -- administration & dosage KW - Calcium -- urine KW - Parathyroid Hormone -- blood KW - Citric Acid -- urine KW - Prospective Studies KW - Anticoagulants -- adverse effects KW - Adult KW - Potassium -- blood KW - Calcium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Citric Acid -- blood KW - Middle Aged KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Magnesium -- urine KW - Magnesium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Magnesium -- administration & dosage KW - Blood Volume KW - Magnesium -- blood KW - Leukapheresis -- methods KW - Transplantation, Homologous KW - Blood Donors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67899991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transfusion&rft.atitle=Placebo-controlled+study+of+intravenous+magnesium+supplementation+during+large-volume+leukapheresis+in+healthy+allogeneic+donors.&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Salim%3BLeitman%2C+Susan+F%3BWesley%2C+Robert+A%3BCecco%2C+Stacey%3BYau%2C+Yu+Ying%3BStarling%2C+Judith%3BRehak%2C+Nadja+N%3BBolan%2C+Charles+D&rft.aulast=Haddad&rft.aufirst=Salim&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=934&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transfusion&rft.issn=00411132&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feasibility of using subject-collected dust samples in epidemiologic and clinical studies of indoor allergens. AN - 67894384; 15929886 AB - Studies of indoor allergen exposures are often limited by the cost and logistics of sending technicians to homes to collect dust. In this study we evaluated the feasibility of having subjects collect their own dust samples. The objectives were to compare allergen concentrations between subject- and technician-collected samples and to examine the sample return rate. Using a dust collection device and written instructions provided to them by mail, 102 subjects collected a combined dust sample from a bed and bedroom floor. Later the same day, a technician collected a side-by-side sample. Dust samples were weighed and analyzed for the cat allergen Fel d 1 and the dust mite allergen Der p 1. Fifty additional subjects who were enrolled by telephone were mailed dust collection packages and asked to return a dust sample and questionnaire by mail. A technician did not visit their homes. Correlations between subject- and technician-collected samples were strong for concentrations of Fel d 1 (r = 0.88) and Der p 1 (r = 0.87). With allergen concentrations dichotomized at lower limits of detection and clinically relevant thresholds, agreements between methodologies ranged from 91 to 98%. Although dust weights were correlated (r = 0.48, p < 0.001), subjects collected lighter samples. Among the group of 50 subjects, 46 returned a dust sample and completed questionnaire. The median number of days to receive a sample was 15. With some limitations, subject-collected dust sampling appears to be a valid and practical option for epidemiologic and clinical studies that report allergen concentration as a measure of exposure. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Arbes, Samuel J AU - Sever, Michelle AU - Vaughn, Ben AU - Mehta, Jigna AU - Lynch, Jeffrey T AU - Mitchell, Herman AU - Hoppin, Jane A AU - Spencer, Harvey L AU - Sandler, Dale P AU - Zeldin, Darryl C AD - Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 665 EP - 669 VL - 113 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Allergens KW - 0 KW - Antigens, Dermatophagoides KW - Arthropod Proteins KW - Dust KW - Glycoproteins KW - Cysteine Endopeptidases KW - EC 3.4.22.- KW - Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus antigen p 1 KW - Fel d 1 protein, Felis domesticus KW - G408EE88II KW - Index Medicus KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Glycoproteins -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Aged KW - Feasibility Studies KW - Epidemiologic Studies KW - Adult KW - Antigens, Dermatophagoides -- analysis KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Male KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Allergens -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67894384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Feasibility+of+using+subject-collected+dust+samples+in+epidemiologic+and+clinical+studies+of+indoor+allergens.&rft.au=Arbes%2C+Samuel+J%3BSever%2C+Michelle%3BVaughn%2C+Ben%3BMehta%2C+Jigna%3BLynch%2C+Jeffrey+T%3BMitchell%2C+Herman%3BHoppin%2C+Jane+A%3BSpencer%2C+Harvey+L%3BSandler%2C+Dale+P%3BZeldin%2C+Darryl+C&rft.aulast=Arbes&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Health Perspect. 2002 May;110(5):527-32 [12003758] Indoor Air. 2004 Jun;14(3):217-22 [15104790] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1987 May;79(5):781-91 [3571770] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1987 Aug;80(2):184-94 [3611539] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1989 Nov;84(5 Pt 1):718-25 [2478606] N Engl J Med. 1990 Aug 23;323(8):502-7 [2377175] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991 Jun;143(6):1334-9 [2048821] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993 Mar;147(3):573-8 [8442589] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1994 Jul;94(1):44-52 [8027498] Clin Exp Allergy. 1995 Dec;25(12):1190-7 [8821299] Pediatr Pulmonol. 1997 Oct;24(4):237-52 [9368258] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1997 Dec;100(6 Pt 1):S2-24 [9438476] Clin Exp Allergy. 1998 Jan;28(1):53-9 [9537780] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998 May;157(5 Pt 1):1536-41 [9603135] Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Oct;106(10):659-64 [9755142] Allergy. 1998;53(48 Suppl):77-83 [10096814] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of X-ray fluorescence and wet chemical analysis for lead on air filters from different personal samplers used in a bronze foundry. AN - 67894269; 15931420 AB - Portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technology may provide faster turn-around without compromising accuracy when assessing personal exposures to metals such as lead, but it has only been tested in limited field environments. This study is part of a series, where different sampler types are used to collect airborne lead in different environments for presentation to a portable XRF analyzer. In this case personal samples were taken at a bronze foundry where lead is added to an alloy of copper, zinc and iron to improve casting, using the closed-face 37 mm cassette, the 37 mm GSP or "cone" sampler, the 25 mm Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM) inhalable sampler, the 25 mm Button sampler, and the open-face 25 mm cassette. Mixed cellulose-ester filters were used in all samplers. Following XRF analysis the samples were extracted with acid and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP). For lead, all five samplers gave correlations (r(2)) greater than 0.9 between the two analytical methods over the entire range of found lead mass, which encompassed both the action level and the permissible exposure limit enforced in the USA by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). However, a correction was required to adjust linear regression trendlines to give a 1 : 1 correlation for the average of three readings across the GSP sampler, and a similar correction was required for the single readings from the IOM sampler and the 25 mm filter cassette. The bias possibly is due to interference from other metals, possibly copper which can absorb the fluorescent radiation of lead. In the case of the Button sampler, the bias is larger, indicating a further source of error, perhaps due to the thickness of the deposit. However, in all cases, correction of the lead results did not greatly affect the overall percentage of samples where the XRF result was within 25% of the ICP result, although it did improve the overall accuracy of the results. The GSP, IOM and Button samplers are suitable candidates for further evaluation as compatible with on-site XRF analysis for lead and other metals. It is important to check carefully factory pre-set instrument calibrations, as a bias in the calibration for copper was observed. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Harper, Martin AU - Pacolay, Bruce AU - Andrew, Michael E AD - Exposure Assessment Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 592 EP - 597 VL - 7 IS - 6 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - brass KW - 12597-71-6 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission -- methods KW - Filtration KW - Humans KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Lead -- toxicity KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- toxicity KW - Lead -- analysis KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67894269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+X-ray+fluorescence+and+wet+chemical+analysis+for+lead+on+air+filters+from+different+personal+samplers+used+in+a+bronze+foundry.&rft.au=Harper%2C+Martin%3BPacolay%2C+Bruce%3BAndrew%2C+Michael+E&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lack of association between antioxidant gene polymorphisms and progressive massive fibrosis in coal miners. AN - 67884056; 15923250 AB - Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung diseases. The antioxidant enzymes glutathione S-transferases (GST) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) are important components of lung defence against oxidative stress, and polymorphisms in the genes which regulate their expression may represent important disease modifiers. A matched case-control study was conducted to determine the influence of the GSTP1, GSTT1 and MnSOD polymorphisms on susceptibility to progressive massive fibrosis (PMF). Seven hundred ex-coal miners were included in the study; 350 were classified as PMF cases while 350 with a similar underground mining tenure but no clinical or histological evidence of lung disease served as controls. Genotype analysis was performed on genomic DNA, using a 5' nuclease PCR assay. None of the individual investigated polymorphisms and two-way gene-gene interactions had a statistically significant association with PMF. The results of this study suggest that polymorphic genotypes within the GST gene cluster and MnSOD do not affect individual susceptibility to PMF. JF - Thorax AU - Yucesoy, B AU - Johnson, V J AU - Kashon, M L AU - Fluharty, K AU - Vallyathan, V AU - Luster, M I AD - Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, West Virginia 26505-2888, USA. yab7@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 492 EP - 495 VL - 60 IS - 6 SN - 0040-6376, 0040-6376 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Isoenzymes KW - Superoxide Dismutase KW - EC 1.15.1.1 KW - glutathione S-transferase T1 KW - EC 2.5.1.- KW - GSTP1 protein, human KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Glutathione S-Transferase pi KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Frequency KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Aged KW - Pneumoconiosis -- genetics KW - Polymorphism, Genetic -- genetics KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- genetics KW - Glutathione Transferase -- genetics KW - Coal Mining KW - Isoenzymes -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67884056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thorax&rft.atitle=Lack+of+association+between+antioxidant+gene+polymorphisms+and+progressive+massive+fibrosis+in+coal+miners.&rft.au=Yucesoy%2C+B%3BJohnson%2C+V+J%3BKashon%2C+M+L%3BFluharty%2C+K%3BVallyathan%2C+V%3BLuster%2C+M+I&rft.aulast=Yucesoy&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=492&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Thorax&rft.issn=00406376&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Apr;9(4):449-54 [10794492] Science. 2005 Jan 14;307(5707):223-7 [15591164] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Sep;162(3 Pt 1):958-65 [10988113] Eur J Pharmacol. 2001 Oct 19;429(1-3):195-207 [11698041] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001 Dec 5;93(23):1818-21 [11734599] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001 Dec;10(12):1239-48 [11751440] Cancer Lett. 2002 Apr 8;178(1):71-4 [11849743] J Occup Environ Med. 2002 Apr;44(4):372-7 [11977425] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Aug 1;166(3):323-8 [12153964] Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2002 Jun-Aug;57(3-4):173-6 [12619377] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003 Jun 15;167(12):1600-19 [12796054] Carcinogenesis. 1986 May;7(5):751-3 [3698203] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Jan;141(1):129-33 [2153352] Biochem J. 1994 May 15;300 ( Pt 1):271-6 [8198545] Free Radic Biol Med. 1994 Mar;16(3):315-22 [8063194] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Sep 13;226(2):561-5 [8806673] J Biol Chem. 1997 Apr 11;272(15):10004-12 [9092542] Carcinogenesis. 1997 Apr;18(4):641-4 [9111193] J Neurosci Methods. 1998 Apr 30;80(2):209-14 [9667394] Int J Cancer. 1998 Aug 12;77(4):516-21 [9679751] Occup Environ Med. 1998 Aug;55(8):533-40 [9849540] Cancer Res. 1999 Feb 1;59(3):586-9 [9973204] Ann Occup Hyg. 1999 Jan;43(1):7-33 [10028891] Thorax. 1999 Aug;54(8):693-6 [10413721] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Aug 2;261(2):332-9 [10425186] Respirology. 2004 Nov;9(4):493-8 [15612961] Pharmacology. 2000 Sep;61(3):154-66 [10971201] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anthrax lethal toxin induces endothelial barrier dysfunction. AN - 67873499; 15920171 AB - Hemorrhage and pleural effusion are prominent pathological features of systemic anthrax infection. We examined the effect of anthrax lethal toxin (LT), a major virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis, on the barrier function of primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells. We also examined the distribution patterns of cytoskeletal actin and vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin), both of which are involved in barrier function regulation. Endothelial monolayers cultured on porous membrane inserts were treated with the LT components lethal factor (LF) and protective antigen (PA) individually, or in combination. LT induced a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in transendothelial electrical resistance that correlated with increased permeability to fluorescently labeled albumin. LT also produced a marked increase in central actin stress fibers and significantly altered VE-cadherin distribution as revealed by immunofluorescence microscopy and cell surface enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Treatment with LF, PA, or the combination of an inactive LF mutant and PA did not alter barrier function or the distribution of actin or VE-cadherin. LT-induced barrier dysfunction was not dependent on endothelial apoptosis or necrosis. The present findings support a possible role for LT-induced barrier dysfunction in the vascular permeability changes accompanying systemic anthrax infection. JF - The American journal of pathology AU - Warfel, Jason M AU - Steele, Amber D AU - D'Agnillo, Felice AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry and Vascular Biology, Division of Hematology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 29 Lincoln Drive, Bldg. 29, Rm. 129, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1871 EP - 1881 VL - 166 IS - 6 SN - 0002-9440, 0002-9440 KW - Antigens, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - Cadherins KW - FAT1 protein, human KW - anthrax toxin KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Microscopy, Fluorescence KW - Cadherins -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Electric Impedance KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Cadherins -- drug effects KW - Antigens, Bacterial -- toxicity KW - Endothelial Cells -- drug effects KW - Capillary Permeability -- drug effects KW - Bacterial Toxins -- toxicity KW - Endothelial Cells -- pathology KW - Endothelial Cells -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67873499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+pathology&rft.atitle=Anthrax+lethal+toxin+induces+endothelial+barrier+dysfunction.&rft.au=Warfel%2C+Jason+M%3BSteele%2C+Amber+D%3BD%27Agnillo%2C+Felice&rft.aulast=Warfel&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1871&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+pathology&rft.issn=00029440&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Protein Expr Purif. 2000 Apr;18(3):293-302 [10733882] Exp Cell Res. 1999 Oct 10;252(1):13-9 [10502395] Annu Rev Microbiol. 2001;55:647-71 [11544370] J Appl Physiol (1985). 2001 Oct;91(4):1487-500 [11568129] Nature. 2001 Nov 8;414(6860):225-9 [11700562] Am J Med. 2002 Jan;112(1):4-12; discussion 2-3 [11812400] J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2002 Apr;28(4):232-8 [11986925] J Biol Chem. 2003 Feb 28;278(9):7413-21 [12488448] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 29;100(9):5170-4 [12700348] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 May 13;100(10):5706-11 [12724519] Vascul Pharmacol. 2002 Nov;39(4-5):213-23 [12747961] Nature. 2003 Jul 17;424(6946):329-34 [12867985] Am J Pathol. 2003 Aug;163(2):701-9 [12875989] J Biol Chem. 2003 Aug 1;278(31):29261-6 [12724328] Lab Invest. 2003 Aug;83(8):1201-9 [12920249] J Clin Invest. 2003 Sep;112(5):670-82 [12952916] J Investig Med. 2003 Nov;51(6):341-52 [14686637] Infect Immun. 2004 Jan;72(1):430-9 [14688124] Biochem J. 2004 Mar 1;378(Pt 2):569-77 [14616089] Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2004 Apr;286(4):R699-709 [14715494] Curr Opin Microbiol. 2004 Feb;7(1):19-24 [15036135] Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2004 May;286(5):C987-97 [15075197] Nature. 2004 Jul 22;430(6998):451-2 [15269768] Microbes Infect. 2004 Jul;6(9):835-43 [15374005] J Infect Dis. 1966 Jun;116(3):377-89 [4957317] Arch Pathol. 1967 Feb;83(2):154-61 [6019568] Fed Proc. 1967 Sep;26(5):1554-7 [6051334] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 May;79(10):3162-6 [6285339] Infect Immun. 1984 Sep;45(3):761-7 [6432700] Infect Immun. 1991 Oct;59(10):3472-7 [1910002] Lab Invest. 1995 Nov;73(5):691-702 [7474943] J Cell Sci. 1997 Mar;110 ( Pt 5):583-8 [9092940] Science. 1998 May 1;280(5364):734-7 [9563949] J Cell Sci. 1999 Jun;112 ( Pt 12):1915-23 [10341210] Mod Pathol. 2001 May;14(5):482-95 [11353060] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection and localization of proteinuria by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging using MS325. AN - 67868613; 15872075 AB - After renal transplantation, persistent glomerular disease affecting the native kidneys typically causes albuminuria, at least for a period of time, making it difficult to determine in a noninvasive fashion whether proteinuria originates in the native kidneys or the renal allograft. To address this problem, dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using gadolinium (Gd)-based albumin-bound blood pool contrast agent (MS325) to localize proteinuria was investigated. Glomerular proteinuria was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by intravenous injection of puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN), whereas control rats received physiologic saline vehicle. Both groups of animals underwent a 40-min dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI using radio frequency spoiled gradient echo imaging sequence after injection of Gd-labeled MS325. Contrast uptake and clearance curves for cortex and medulla were determined from acquired MR images. Compared with controls, proteinuric rats exhibited significantly lower elimination rate constants. The use of gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) as a contrast agent showed smaller and less specific differences between proteinuric and control groups. In rats with one proteinuric kidney (PAN-treated) and one normal kidney (transplanted from a normal rat), MRI using MS325 was able to differentiate between the two kidneys. The results suggest that MRI with an albumin-bound blood pool contrast agent may be a useful noninvasive way to localize proteinuria. If this technique can be successfully applied in human patients, it may allow for the localization of proteinuria after kidney transplant and thereby provide a noninvasive way to detect disease affecting the renal allograft. JF - Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN AU - Zhang, Yantian AU - Choyke, Peter L AU - Lu, Huiyan AU - Takahashi, Hideko AU - Mannon, Roslyn B AU - Zhang, Xiaojie AU - Marcos, Hani AU - Li, King C P AU - Kopp, Jeffrey B AD - Department of Radiology, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1752 EP - 1757 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 1046-6673, 1046-6673 KW - Contrast Media KW - 0 KW - Organometallic Compounds KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors KW - Puromycin Aminonucleoside KW - 58-60-6 KW - Gadolinium KW - AU0V1LM3JT KW - gadofosveset trisodium KW - XM33Q67UVH KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Puromycin Aminonucleoside -- adverse effects KW - Models, Animal KW - Animals KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Male KW - Proteinuria -- diagnosis KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- methods KW - Kidney Transplantation KW - Nephrosis -- complications KW - Nephrosis -- chemically induced KW - Proteinuria -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67868613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Nephrology+%3A+JASN&rft.atitle=Detection+and+localization+of+proteinuria+by+dynamic+contrast-enhanced+magnetic+resonance+imaging+using+MS325.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yantian%3BChoyke%2C+Peter+L%3BLu%2C+Huiyan%3BTakahashi%2C+Hideko%3BMannon%2C+Roslyn+B%3BZhang%2C+Xiaojie%3BMarcos%2C+Hani%3BLi%2C+King+C+P%3BKopp%2C+Jeffrey+B&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yantian&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1752&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Nephrology+%3A+JASN&rft.issn=10466673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ligand-selective targeting of the glucocorticoid receptor to nuclear subdomains is associated with decreased receptor mobility. AN - 67868292; 15705660 AB - The association between nuclear distribution and mobility of the human glucocorticoid receptor was examined in living COS-1 cells using yellow fluorescent protein- and cyan fluorescent protein-tagged receptors. Quantitation of the nuclear distribution induced by an array of glucocorticoid ligands revealed a continuum from a random (cortisone) to a nonrandom (triamcinolone acetonide) receptor distribution. Structure-function analysis revealed that the 9-fluoro and 17-hydroxy groups on the steroid significantly impact nuclear receptor distribution. Using time-lapse microscopy, the triamcinolone acetonide-induced receptor distribution did not change significantly over a period of 15 sec. However, using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, the individual receptors moved at a much faster rate, indicating rapid exchange of receptors on immobile nuclear subdomains. Receptor mobilities for 13 different steroids, measured by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, appeared to correlate with receptor distribution. Ligands that induced a nonrandom distribution induced slower receptor mobility and vice versa. Finally, application of 2-photon confocal microscopy revealed differences in receptor mobility between nuclear subdomains. Areas of high receptor concentration showed slower mobility than areas of low receptor concentration. Thus, glucocorticoid receptors can be targeted (depending on the ligand) to relatively immobile nuclear subdomains. The transient association of receptor with these domains decreases the mobility of the receptor. JF - Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) AU - Schaaf, Marcel J M AU - Lewis-Tuffin, Laura J AU - Cidlowski, John A AD - Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. schaaf@rulbim.leidenuniv.nl Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1501 EP - 1515 VL - 19 IS - 6 SN - 0888-8809, 0888-8809 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Cyan Fluorescent Protein KW - Ligands KW - Luminescent Proteins KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - Steroids KW - hydrocortisone receptor KW - triamcinolone acetonide receptor KW - yellow fluorescent protein, Bacteria KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins KW - 147336-22-9 KW - Triamcinolone Acetonide KW - F446C597KA KW - Cortisone KW - V27W9254FZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Microscopy, Confocal KW - Animals KW - Software KW - COS Cells KW - Photons KW - Cell Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Mutagenesis KW - Cortisone -- pharmacology KW - Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Steroids -- chemistry KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Plasmids -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Luminescent Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein Binding KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Transfection KW - Triamcinolone Acetonide -- pharmacology KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Mutation KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67868292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+endocrinology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.%29&rft.atitle=Ligand-selective+targeting+of+the+glucocorticoid+receptor+to+nuclear+subdomains+is+associated+with+decreased+receptor+mobility.&rft.au=Schaaf%2C+Marcel+J+M%3BLewis-Tuffin%2C+Laura+J%3BCidlowski%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Schaaf&rft.aufirst=Marcel+J&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1501&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+endocrinology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.%29&rft.issn=08888809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-14 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk of lung cancer and leukemia from exposure to ionizing radiation and potential confounders among workers at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard. AN - 67867240; 15913392 AB - Significantly elevated lung cancer deaths and statistically significantly positive linear trends between leukemia mortality and radiation exposure were reported in a previous analysis of Portsmouth Naval Shipyard workers. The purpose of this study was to conduct a modeling-based analysis that incorporates previously unanalyzed confounders in exploring the exposure-response relationship between cumulative external ionizing radiation exposure and mortality from these cancers among radiation-monitored workers in this cohort. The main analyses were carried out with Poisson regression fitted with maximum likelihood in linear excess relative risk models. Sensitivity analyses varying model components and using other regression models were conducted. The positive association between lung cancer risk and ionizing radiation observed previously was no longer present after adjusting for socioeconomic status (smoking surrogate) and welding fume and asbestos exposures. Excesses of leukemia were found to be positively, though not significantly, associated with external ionizing radiation, with or without including potential confounders. The estimated excess relative risk was 10.88% (95% CI -0.90%, 38.77%) per 10 mSv of radiation exposure, which was within the ranges of risk estimates in previous epidemiological studies (-4.1 to 19.0%). These results are limited by many factors and are subject to uncertainties of the exposure and confounder estimates. JF - Radiation research AU - Yiin, James H AU - Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K AU - Silver, Sharon R AU - Daniels, Robert D AU - Kinnes, Gregory M AU - Zaebst, Dennis D AU - Couch, James R AU - Kubale, Travis L AU - Chen, Pi-Hsueh AD - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA. JYiin@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 603 EP - 613 VL - 163 IS - 6 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Ships KW - Radiation Dosage KW - New Hampshire -- epidemiology KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Smoking -- epidemiology KW - Comorbidity KW - Age Distribution KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Cohort Studies KW - Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) KW - Middle Aged KW - Sex Distribution KW - Female KW - Male KW - Radiation, Ionizing KW - Proportional Hazards Models KW - Prevalence KW - Occupational Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Leukemia, Radiation-Induced -- mortality KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- mortality KW - Lung Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Risk Assessment -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67867240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Risk+of+lung+cancer+and+leukemia+from+exposure+to+ionizing+radiation+and+potential+confounders+among+workers+at+the+Portsmouth+Naval+Shipyard.&rft.au=Yiin%2C+James+H%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+Mary+K%3BSilver%2C+Sharon+R%3BDaniels%2C+Robert+D%3BKinnes%2C+Gregory+M%3BZaebst%2C+Dennis+D%3BCouch%2C+James+R%3BKubale%2C+Travis+L%3BChen%2C+Pi-Hsueh&rft.aulast=Yiin&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=163&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-11 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endocannabinoid release from midbrain dopamine neurons: a potential substrate for cannabinoid receptor antagonist treatment of addiction. AN - 67864223; 15878779 AB - Substantial evidence suggests that all commonly abused drugs act upon the brain reward circuitry to ultimately increase extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the nucleus accumbens and other forebrain areas. Many drugs of abuse appear to increase dopamine levels by dramatically increase the firing and bursting rates of dopamine neurons located in the ventral mesencephalon. Recent clinical evidence in humans and behavioral evidence in animals indicate that cannabinoid receptor antagonists such as SR141716A (Rimonabant) can reduce the self-administration of, and craving for, several commonly addictive drugs. However, the mechanism of this potentially beneficial effect has not yet been identified. We propose, on the basis of recent studies in our laboratory and others, that these antagonists may act by blocking the effects of endogenously released cannabinoid molecules (endocannabinoids) that are released in an activity- and calcium-dependent manner from mesencephalic dopamine neurons. It is hypothesized that, through the antagonism of cannabinoid CB1 receptors located on inhibitory and excitatory axon terminals targeting the midbrain dopamine neurons, the effects of the endocannabinoids are occluded. The data from these studies therefore suggest that the endocannabinoid system and the CB1 receptors located in the ventral mesencephalon may play an important role in regulating drug reward processes, and that this substrate is recruited whenever dopamine neuron activity is increased. JF - Neuropharmacology AU - Lupica, Carl R AU - Riegel, Arthur C AD - Cellular Neurobiology Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. clupica@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 1105 EP - 1116 VL - 48 IS - 8 KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators KW - Endocannabinoids KW - Piperidines KW - Pyrazoles KW - Dronabinol KW - 7J8897W37S KW - rimonabant KW - RML78EN3XE KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reward KW - Humans KW - Dronabinol -- pharmacology KW - Ventral Tegmental Area -- metabolism KW - Ventral Tegmental Area -- drug effects KW - Signal Transduction KW - Mesencephalon -- metabolism KW - Mesencephalon -- drug effects KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators -- physiology KW - Piperidines -- therapeutic use KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators -- metabolism KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Pyrazoles -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67864223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropharmacology&rft.atitle=Endocannabinoid+release+from+midbrain+dopamine+neurons%3A+a+potential+substrate+for+cannabinoid+receptor+antagonist+treatment+of+addiction.&rft.au=Lupica%2C+Carl+R%3BRiegel%2C+Arthur+C&rft.aulast=Lupica&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropharmacology&rft.issn=1873-7064&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-07-17 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunotoxic effect of beta-chlorolactic acid on murine splenocyte and peritoneal macrophage function in vitro. AN - 67756439; 15840431 AB - Beta-chlorolactic acid is a major intermediate of 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol (MCPD) in mammalian species, which a well-known by-product of acid-hydrolyzed soy sauce during its manufacturing process. beta-Chlorolactic acid has not been studied on immunotoxicity. To evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of beta-chlorolactic acid on murine splenocyte and macrophage in vitro, we investigated splenocyte blastogenesis by concanavalin A (Con A), anti-CD3 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the production of cytokines from splenocyte, and the activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages. beta-Chlorolactic acid suppressed significantly splenic blastogenesis to Con A or anti-CD3 from 8.5 to 54.7% at doses comprised between 200 and 800 microM. beta-Chlorolactic acid also suppressed significantly splenic blastogeneis to LPS from 8.5 to 71.5% at doses comprised between 200 and 800 microM. The production level of interferon (IFN)-g on splenocyte culture with Con A was significantly reduced from 21.5 to 51.4% at the higher concentration than 100 microM of beta-chlorolactic acid. The levels of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4 were also decreased 22.6-58.4 and 10.2-36.6%, respectively, at high concentrations of beta-chlorolactic acid. There was a significant decrease from 6.1 to 40.8% in the production of nitric oxide (NO) by peritoneal macrophages treated with 400-1000 microuM beta-chlorolactic acid. These results indicate that beta-chlorolactic acid might be able to induce immunotoxic effect on immune response of lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages in vitro. JF - Toxicology AU - Lee, Jong Kwon AU - Ryu, Mi Hyun AU - Byun, Jung A AD - Division of Immunotoxicology, National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, 122-704 Seoul, South Korea. jkleest@kfda.go.kr Y1 - 2005/06/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 01 SP - 175 EP - 187 VL - 210 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD3 KW - Cytokines KW - Lactates KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Concanavalin A KW - 11028-71-0 KW - 3-chlorolactate KW - 1713-85-5 KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - Index Medicus KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Antigens, CD3 -- immunology KW - Animals KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Mice KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- pharmacology KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Female KW - Concanavalin A -- pharmacology KW - Cell Proliferation -- drug effects KW - Spleen -- cytology KW - Lactates -- toxicity KW - Cytokines -- biosynthesis KW - Cytokines -- immunology KW - Nitric Oxide -- immunology KW - Spleen -- immunology KW - Macrophages, Peritoneal -- immunology KW - Macrophages, Peritoneal -- drug effects KW - Nitric Oxide -- biosynthesis KW - Spleen -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67756439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Immunotoxic+effect+of+beta-chlorolactic+acid+on+murine+splenocyte+and+peritoneal+macrophage+function+in+vitro.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jong+Kwon%3BRyu%2C+Mi+Hyun%3BByun%2C+Jung+A&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jong&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Families Finding the Balance: A Parent Handbook. We Can! Ways to Enhance Children's Activity & Nutrition. AN - 62137745; ED486275 AB - We Can! (Ways to Enhance Children's Activity & Nutrition) is a new public education outreach program designed to help children 8-13 years old stay at a healthy weight through improving food choices, increasing physical activity, and reducing screen time. The program is a collaboration of four Institutes of the National Institutes of Health (NIH): the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), and National Cancer Institute (NCI). We Can! is unique because it focuses on parents and families in home and community settings. Research shows that parents and families have a big impact on shaping the behavior of children. They can do much to help children maintain a healthy weight and prevent overweight. We Can! is harnessing that power through: (1) Programs in local communities throughout the country; (2) Partnerships with other national organizations that care about children and their health; and (3) A comprehensive Web site for parents (http://wecan.nhlbi.nih.gov). This publication is intended to help parents understand why being overweight is a problem for children, and to teach them about energy balance (the key to managing weight). It provides ideas and tips to help parents and children learn to eat right and be physically active, and suggests other resources for further information and strategies. Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 32 PB - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Health Information Center, P.O. Box 30105, Bethesda, MD 20824-0105. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Parents KW - Program Descriptions KW - Body Weight KW - Obesity KW - Outreach Programs KW - Physical Activities KW - Family Environment KW - Parent Materials KW - Child Health KW - Nutrition KW - Health Promotion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62137745?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Minimum Standards for Tribal Child Care: A Health and Safety Guide AN - 61994921; ED498551 AB - The Child Care Bureau is reissuing the minimum standards as a "Health and Safety Guide" for Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF) Tribal Lead Agencies in conjunction with the 2005 Tribal Cluster Trainings, "Supporting the Physical, Social, and Emotional Wellness of Our Tribal Children." These voluntary guidelines represent the baseline from which all programs should operate to ensure that children are cared for in healthy and safe environments and that their basic needs are being met. Many Tribes may currently be exceeding the standards set forth in this document; others may want to use these standards as the starting point for developing their own tribal child care standards. These guidelines express minimum standards for health and safety in child care and are not intended to supersede any existing federal, state, tribal, or local laws or regulations. Tribal CCDF programs are responsible for knowing the laws and regulations that govern them and the child care programs that they fund through CCDF and for incorporating these laws and regulations into their tribal child care policies, procedures, and standards, as appropriate. Guidelines for policies/practices/caregiver training discuss: (1) Staffing Ratios and Group Sizes; (2) Caregiver Qualifications; (3) Caregiver Training; and (4) Program Policies. Building and Premises guidelines include standards for: (1) Safe Environment; (2) Nurturing and Enriching Environment; and (3) Transportation. The final section, Infection Control, discusses: (1) Immunization; (2) Sanitation; (3) Handwashing; (4) Food Safety; (5) Care of Ill Children; and (6) Caregiver Health. Appended is: (1) Standard Precautions. A Resource list is provided. [Guide developed by the Tribal Child Care Technical Assistance Center for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Child Care Bureau.] Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 24 PB - US Department of Health and Human Services. 200 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20201. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Facilities KW - Guidelines KW - Safety KW - Child Care KW - American Indians KW - Disease Control KW - Qualifications KW - Tribes KW - Caregiver Training KW - Human Services KW - Sanitation KW - Standards KW - Hygiene KW - Technical Assistance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61994921?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multicentre Trials: A US Regulatory Perspective AN - 57113254; 200600991 AB - Multicentre trials are very common in the field of drug development. In recent years, multicentre trials have taken on a multinational and multiregional aspect. We provide a conceptual framework for the use of multicentre trials in the context of drug development, from the perspective of drug regulation in the United States. In this paper, we review some regulatory history, milestones and standards as they relate to multicentre trials. Special attention is given to the similarities and differences in the approaches to multicentre trials in the following documents; Guideline for the Format and Content of the Clinical and Statistical Sections of New Drug Applications, International Conference on Harmonization, Draft Guideline on Statistical Principles for clinical trials and the Guidance for Industry Providing Clinical Evidence of Effectiveness for Human Drug and Biologic Products. The paper includes a consideration of some of the issues in the analysis of data from multicentre trials. References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Statistical Methods in Medical Research AU - Anello, Charles AU - O'Neill, Robert T AU - Dubey, Satya AD - Office Biostatistics, Office Pharmacoepidemiology Statistical Science, Center Drug Evaluation Research, Food charles.anello@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 303 EP - 318 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0962-2802, 0962-2802 KW - USA KW - Regulations KW - Data analysis KW - Clinical trials KW - Drug industry KW - Multicentre KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57113254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Statistical+Methods+in+Medical+Research&rft.atitle=Multicentre+Trials%3A+A+US+Regulatory+Perspective&rft.au=Anello%2C+Charles%3BO%27Neill%2C+Robert+T%3BDubey%2C+Satya&rft.aulast=Anello&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Statistical+Methods+in+Medical+Research&rft.issn=09622802&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-07 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clinical trials; Multicentre; USA; Data analysis; Drug industry; Regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Educating Correctional Health Care Providers and Inmates About Drug-Drag Interactions: HIV-Medications and Illicit Drugs AN - 21377529; 12489176 AB - This paper demonstrates how federal clinicians are collaborating with correctional health care providers in a unique continuing education initiative regarding HIV-medications and drug-drug interactions. Three clinical cases are presented to illustrate the potential dangers associated with concomitant use of ritonavir (a frequently prescribed antiretroviral agent) and illicit drugs. Such clinical cases are regularly presented in an exemplar program that draws clinicians together to share current medical information and notes "from the field" regarding problems that correctional health care providers and administrators are likely to face. Collaboration between federal clinicians, correctional and community health officials has resulted in a unique forum for disseminating medical information, and represents a prototypical method for broad-based health education. JF - California Journal of Health Promotion AU - Macher, A AU - Kibble, D AU - Bryant, K AU - Cody, A AU - Pilcher, T AU - Jahn, D AD - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 139 EP - 143 VL - 3 IS - 2 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - ritonavir KW - prisons KW - Education KW - Health care KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - antiretroviral agents KW - health promotion KW - Drugs KW - drug interaction KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21377529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=California+Journal+of+Health+Promotion&rft.atitle=Educating+Correctional+Health+Care+Providers+and+Inmates+About+Drug-Drag+Interactions%3A+HIV-Medications+and+Illicit+Drugs&rft.au=Macher%2C+A%3BKibble%2C+D%3BBryant%2C+K%3BCody%2C+A%3BPilcher%2C+T%3BJahn%2C+D&rft.aulast=Macher&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=California+Journal+of+Health+Promotion&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Human immunodeficiency virus; Health care; Education; Drugs; antiretroviral agents; health promotion; ritonavir; drug interaction; prisons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supplemental Section: Science and Technology Based Countermeasures to Foodborne Terrorism: Introduction AN - 21341107; 6256848 AB - No abstract available. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Miller, Arthur J AU - Hileman, Christine L AU - Droby, Samir AU - Paster, Nachman AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, College Park, Maryland 21074, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 1253 EP - 1255 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 6 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - terrorism KW - Technology KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21341107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Supplemental+Section%3A+Science+and+Technology+Based+Countermeasures+to+Foodborne+Terrorism%3A+Introduction&rft.au=Miller%2C+Arthur+J%3BHileman%2C+Christine+L%3BDroby%2C+Samir%3BPaster%2C+Nachman&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - terrorism; Technology ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Mechanic Dies When Tractor Overturns While Removing Tree Stump in Cemetery AN - 21218606; 11275074 AB - During the spring of 2004, a 36- year-old mechanic died in a tractor overturn. He was working alone in a cemetery picking up tree trimmings and removing a tree stump. He was using a narrowfront- axle (tricycle-type) farm tractor with a front-end loader. The loader was an older model with hydraulically-extendable lower links/lift amis to raise the loader bucket and its load He had been picking up tree limbs, removing brush piles, and working to extract a large tree stump in an area of the cemetery with sloping terrain. He used a chain saw to cut through the roots of the previously felled tree so he could hoist the old stump from the ground and place it into a nearby wagon, already partially filled with tree branches and trimmings. The victim had been crushed between the ground and the steering wheel of the tractor and was pronounced dead at the scene. Because the loader lift arms, and therefore the loader bucket, were raised high the tractor was protected from damage in the overturn. Although there were other tractors reasonably available for the victim to use, none of them were equipped with a loader. The victim had also been drinking alcohol and this likely influenced his assessment of the equipment, loadings, terrain, and overall risk of an overturn. RECOMMENDATIONS: Tractors suitable for the task, properly equipped with a rollover protective structure (ROPS) and seat belt, configured and ballasted appropriately, should be used with a capable, properly-installed front-end loader recommended for the tractor. Operators should be educated and trained to recognize and assess the risk of an overturn and the factors that contribute to an overturn. Workers should not operate tractors while under the influence of alcohol or when taking medications for which doctors advise against the operation of machinery. JF - Mechanic Dies When Tractor Overturns While Removing Tree Stump in Cemetery. [np]. 1 Jun 2005. AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005/06/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 01 PB - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway Cincinnati OH 45226-1998 USA, [URL:http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/homepage.html] KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21218606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Health+%26+Safety+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Mechanic+Dies+When+Tractor+Overturns+While+Removing+Tree+Stump+in+Cemetery&rft.title=Mechanic+Dies+When+Tractor+Overturns+While+Removing+Tree+Stump+in+Cemetery&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid phenotypic characterization of Salmonella enterica strains by pyrolysis metastable atom bombardment mass spectrometry with multivariate statistical and artificial neural network pattern recognition AN - 20816038; 8247974 AB - Pyrolysis mass spectrometry was investigated for rapid characterization of bacteria. Spectra of Salmonella were compared to their serovars, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns, antibiotic resistance profiles, and MIC values. Pyrolysis mass spectra generated via metastable atom bombardment were analyzed by multivariate principal component-discriminant analysis and artificial neural networks (ANNs). Spectral patterns developed by discriminant analysis and tested with Leave-One-Out (LOO) cross-validation distinguished Salmonella strains by serovar (97% correct) and by PFGE groups (49%). An ANN model of the same PFGE groups was cross-validated, using the LOO rule, with 92% agreement. Using an ANN, thirty previously unseen spectra were correctly classified by serotype (97%) and at the PFGE level (67%). Attempts by ANN to model spectra grouped by resistance profile-but ignoring PFGE or serotype-failed (10% correct), but ANNs differentiating ten samples of the same serotype/PFGE class were more successful. To assess the information content of PyMS data serendipitously associated with or directly related to resistance character, the ten isolates were grouped into four, three, or two categories. The four categories corresponded to four resistance profiles. The four class and three class ANNs showed much improved but insufficient modeling power. The two-class ANN and a corresponding multivariate model maximized inferential power for a coarse antibiotic-resistance-related distinction. They each cross-validated by LOO at 90%. This is the first direct correlation of pyrolysis metastable atom bombardment mass spectrometry with immunological (e.g. serology) or molecular biology (e.g. PFGE) based techniques. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Wilkes, J G AU - Rushing, L AU - Nayak, R AU - Buzatu, DA AU - Sutherland, J B AD - FDA, 3900 NCTR Drive, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States, jwilkes@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 321 EP - 334 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 61 IS - 3 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Serotypes KW - Statistics KW - Neural networks KW - Serology KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Models KW - Pyrolysis KW - Pattern recognition KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis KW - Antibiotic resistance KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - W 30900:Methods KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20816038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Rapid+phenotypic+characterization+of+Salmonella+enterica+strains+by+pyrolysis+metastable+atom+bombardment+mass+spectrometry+with+multivariate+statistical+and+artificial+neural+network+pattern+recognition&rft.au=Wilkes%2C+J+G%3BRushing%2C+L%3BNayak%2C+R%3BBuzatu%2C+DA%3BSutherland%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Wilkes&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mimet.2004.12.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pyrolysis; Pattern recognition; Statistics; Serotypes; Neural networks; Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Serology; Antibiotic resistance; Mass spectroscopy; Models; Salmonella enterica DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2004.12.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous measurement of specific serum IgG responses to five select agents AN - 20217960; 6481395 AB - Select Agents are defined by CDC and the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) as biological agents or toxins deemed a threat to public, animal, or plant health, or to animal or plant products. They are classified on the basis of their ease of dissemination, mortality/morbidity rate, and potential for social disruption. A subset of these agents includes Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, Francisella tularensis, ricin toxin (RT), and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Infection or intoxication with these agents has been shown to elicit an antigen-specific serum IgG response. We describe a fluorescent covalent microsphere immunoassay (FCMIA) for measurement of specific IgG antibodies to seven different antigens from five different select agents; B. anthracis [protective antigen (PA) and lethal factor (LF)], Y. pestis (F1 and V antigens), F. tularensis, RT and SEB simultaneously in human B. anthracis vaccinee sera (containing anti-PA and anti-LF IgG) which had been spiked with animal specific IgG antibodies to the other select agents. Inter-assay and intra-assay coefficients of variation were 6.5 and 13.4%, respectively (N=4). There were no significant differences (P>0.70) between assay responses when the assays were performed individually or multiplexed. When the observed versus expected interpolated concentrations were compared, highly linear relationships were observed (r super(2) values from 0.981 to 0.999, P<0.001). Minimum detectable concentrations (MDC) ranged from 0.3 ng mL super(-1) (Y. pestis F1) to 300 ng mL super(-1) (RT). Finally, the curves showed responses were linear for most analytes from their MDC to 125 (SEB) to 1,300 (Y. pestis F1)xtheir MDC. These data indicate that multiplexed FCMIA is a sensitive and accurate method for simultaneous measurement of specific IgG in serum to CDC select agents and may be of value in screening either decontamination workers or the general population for exposure to/infection with these agents. JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Biagini, R E AU - Sammons, D L AU - Smith, J P AU - MacKenzie, BA AU - Striley, CAF AU - Robertson, SA AU - Snawder, JE AU - Quinn, C P AD - Biomonitoring and Health Assessment Branch, Division of Applied Research and Technology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, reb4@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 1027 EP - 1034 VL - 382 IS - 4 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Intoxication KW - Mortality KW - Lethal factor KW - Ricin KW - protective antigen KW - Yersinia pestis KW - Decontamination KW - Francisella tularensis KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - staphylococcal enterotoxin B KW - Infection KW - Staphylococcal enterotoxin B KW - Aphis KW - Morbidity KW - Toxins KW - Social interactions KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - microspheres KW - Immunoassays KW - Occupational exposure KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20217960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+measurement+of+specific+serum+IgG+responses+to+five+select+agents&rft.au=Biagini%2C+R+E%3BSammons%2C+D+L%3BSmith%2C+J+P%3BMacKenzie%2C+BA%3BStriley%2C+CAF%3BRobertson%2C+SA%3BSnawder%2C+JE%3BQuinn%2C+C+P&rft.aulast=Biagini&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=382&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1027&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=16182642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-005-3204-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Intoxication; Mortality; Lethal factor; protective antigen; Ricin; Decontamination; Staphylococcal enterotoxin B; Infection; staphylococcal enterotoxin B; Toxins; Morbidity; Social interactions; microspheres; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoassays; Occupational exposure; Yersinia pestis; Francisella tularensis; Bacillus anthracis; Aphis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-005-3204-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Robust classification modeling on microarray data using misclassification penalized posterior AN - 19699749; 6429112 AB - MOTIVATION: Genome-wide microarray data are often used in challenging classification problems of clinically relevant subtypes of human diseases. However, the identification of a parsimonious robust prediction model that performs consistently well on future independent data has not been successful due to the biased model selection from an extremely large number of candidate models during the classification model search and construction. Furthermore, common criteria of prediction model performance, such as classification error rates, do not provide a sensitive measure for evaluating performance of such astronomic competing models. Also, even though several different classification approaches have been utilized to tackle such classification problems, no direct comparison on these methods have been made. RESULTS: We introduce a novel measure for assessing the performance of a prediction model, the misclassification-penalized posterior (MiPP), the sum of the posterior classification probabilities penalized by the number of incorrectly classified samples. Using MiPP, we implement a forward step-wise cross-validated procedure to find our optimal prediction models with different numbers of features on a training set. Our final robust classification model and its dimension are determined based on a completely independent test dataset. This MiPP-based classification modeling approach enables us to identify the most parsimonious robust prediction models only with two or three features on well-known microarray datasets. These models show superior performance to other models in the literature that often have more than 40-100 features in their model construction. AVAILABILITY: Our MiPP software program is available at the Bioconductor website (http://www.bioconductor.org). JF - Bioinformatics AU - Soukup, Mat AU - Cho, HyungJun AU - Lee, Jae K AD - Division of Biometrics III, Food and Drug Administration 9201 Corporate Blvd, Rm. N-250, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia PO Box 800717, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - i423 EP - i430 PB - Oxford University Press, [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 21 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Bioinformatics KW - Models KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19699749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Robust+classification+modeling+on+microarray+data+using+misclassification+penalized+posterior&rft.au=Soukup%2C+Mat%3BCho%2C+HyungJun%3BLee%2C+Jae+K&rft.aulast=Soukup&rft.aufirst=Mat&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=&rft.spage=i423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioinformatics; Models; software; Computer programs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Commentary AN - 19552118; 8747555 JF - Quality & Safety in Health Care AU - Battles, J B AD - Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Center for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety (CQulPS), Rockville, MD 20850, USA, jbattles@ahrq.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1475-3898, 1475-3898 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19552118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+%26+Safety+in+Health+Care&rft.atitle=Commentary&rft.au=Battles%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Battles&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+%26+Safety+in+Health+Care&rft.issn=14753898&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Novel Polypyrimidine Antitumor Agent FdUMP[10] Induces Thymineless Death with Topoisomerase I-DNA Complexes AN - 19421759; 6413831 AB - FdUMP[10], a 10mer of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (FdUMP), the thymidylate synthase inhibitory metabolite of 5-fluorouracil (FU), is most closely correlated with the DNA topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitor camptothecin in the National Cancer Institute COMPARE analysis, but not with FU. FdUMP[10] exhibits more potent antiproliferative activity than FdUMP or 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdU) and is markedly more active than FU. Camptothecin-resistant P388/CPT45 cells lacking Top1 are cross-resistant to FdUMP[10] as well as to FdUMP, FdU, and the thymidylate synthase inhibitor raltitrexed (Tomudex). FdUMP[10] induces DNA single-strand breaks and cellular Top1-DNA complexes. Such complexes are also observed in response to FdUMP, FdU, raltitrexed, and FU. The FdUMP[10]-induced Top1-DNA complexes are not inhibited by the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk and form independently of apoptotic DNA fragmentation, indicating that they do not correspond to apoptotic Top1-DNA complexes. In biochemical assay, Top1 is directly trapped at uracil and FdU misincorporation sites. We propose that FdUMP[10] damages DNA by trapping Top1 at uracil and FdU misincorporation sites resulting from thymidylate synthase inhibition and thymine depletion. JF - Cancer Research AU - Liao, Zhi-Yong AU - Sordet, Olivier AU - Zhang, Hong-Liang AU - Kohlhagen, Glenda AU - Antony, Smitha AU - Gmeiner, William H AU - Pommier, Yves AD - Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland and Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina Y1 - 2005/06/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 01 SP - 4844 EP - 4851 PB - American Association for Cancer Research, 615 Chestnut St., 17th Floor Philadelphia PA 19106-4404 USA, [URL:http://www.aacr.org/] VL - 65 IS - 11 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - N 14015:Artificial oligonucleotides & nucleic acid analogs KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19421759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=A+Novel+Polypyrimidine+Antitumor+Agent+FdUMP%5B10%5D+Induces+Thymineless+Death+with+Topoisomerase+I-DNA+Complexes&rft.au=Liao%2C+Zhi-Yong%3BSordet%2C+Olivier%3BZhang%2C+Hong-Liang%3BKohlhagen%2C+Glenda%3BAntony%2C+Smitha%3BGmeiner%2C+William+H%3BPommier%2C+Yves&rft.aulast=Liao&rft.aufirst=Zhi-Yong&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=4844&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Excess Adiposity on Exercise Fitness and Performance in Overweight Children and Adolescents AN - 19420787; 6415674 AB - OBJECTIVE: Relatively little is known about how excess body mass affects adolescents' capacity to perform sustained exercise. We hypothesized that most of the difficulty that severely overweight adolescents have with sustained exercise occurs because the metabolic costs of moving excess mass result in use of a high proportion of their total oxygen reserve. METHODS: We compared results from a maximal cycle ergometry fitness test in 129 severely overweight adolescents who had BMIs of 41.5 plus or minus 9.7 kg/m super(2) and ages of 14.5 plus or minus 1.8 years (range: 12.1-17.8 years) and 34 nonoverweight adolescents who had BMIs of 20.1 plus or minus 2.9 kg/m super(2) and ages of 14.5 plus or minus 1.5 years (range: 12.0-18.1 years). Oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]O sub(2)) was compared at 3 times: during a 4-minute period of unloaded cycling (UL[Formula: see text]O sub(2)), at the lactate threshold estimated by gas exchange (LT[Formula: see text]O sub(2)), and at maximal exertion ([Formula: see text]O sub(2) max). Heart rate was obtained at rest and at [Formula: see text]O sub(2) max. Participants also completed a 12-minute walk/run performance test to obtain distance traveled (D12) and heart rate. RESULTS: Absolute LT[Formula: see text]O sub(2) and [Formula: see text]O sub(2) max and LT[Formula: see text]O sub(2) as a percentage of [Formula: see text]O sub(2) max were not different in overweight and nonoverweight adolescents during the cycle test. However, absolute UL[Formula: see text]O sub(2) was significantly greater in overweight adolescents: UL[Formula: see text]O sub(2) accounted for 35 plus or minus 8% of [Formula: see text]O sub(2) max (and 63 plus or minus 15% of LT[Formula: see text]O sub(2)) in overweight adolescents but only 20 plus or minus 5% of [Formula: see text]O sub(2) max (and 39 plus or minus 12% of LT[Formula: see text]O sub(2)) in nonoverweight adolescents. Resting heart rate before initiating the cycle test was significantly greater in overweight than nonoverweight adolescents (94 plus or minus 14 vs 82 plus or minus 15 beats per minute). However, maximal heart rate during the cycle test was significantly lower in overweight adolescents (186 plus or minus 13 vs 196 plus or minus 11 beats per minute). During the walk/run test, mean D12 was significantly shorter for overweight than for nonoverweight adolescents (1983 plus or minus 323 vs 1159 plus or minus 194 m). D12 was negatively related to BMI SDS (r = -0.81) and to UL[Formula: see text]O sub(2) (r = -0.98). DISCUSSION: Overweight and nonoverweight adolescents had similar absolute [Formula: see text]O sub(2) at the lactate threshold and at maximal exertion, suggesting that overweight adolescents are more limited by the increased cardiorespiratory effort required to move their larger body mass through space than by cardiorespiratory deconditioning. The higher percentage of oxygen consumed during submaximal exercise indicates that overweight adolescents are burdened by the metabolic cost of their excess mass. Their greater oxygen demand during an unloaded task predicted poorer performance during sustained exercise. Exercise prescriptions for overweight adolescents should account for the limited exercise tolerance imposed by excess body mass, focusing on activities that keep demands below lactate threshold so that exercise can be sustained. JF - Pediatrics AU - Norman, Anne-Caroline AU - Drinkard, Bart AU - McDuffie, Jennifer R AU - Ghorbani, Samareh AU - Yanoff, Lisa B AU - Yanovski, Jack A AD - Unit on Growth and Obesity, Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute on Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland. Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - e690 EP - e696 PB - American Academy of Pediatrics, 141 Northwest Point Blvd. Elk Grove Village IL 60007-1098 USA, [mailto:journals@aap.org], [URL:http://www.aap.org] VL - 115 IS - 6 SN - 0031-4005, 0031-4005 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Fitness KW - Gas exchange KW - Obesity KW - Age KW - Anaerobic threshold KW - Pediatrics KW - Body mass KW - Adolescence KW - Ergometry KW - Heart rate KW - Exercise KW - Children KW - Exertion KW - Bicycling KW - Rest KW - Cardiorespiratory KW - Deconditioning KW - Performance KW - Activities KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19420787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pediatrics&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Excess+Adiposity+on+Exercise+Fitness+and+Performance+in+Overweight+Children+and+Adolescents&rft.au=Norman%2C+Anne-Caroline%3BDrinkard%2C+Bart%3BMcDuffie%2C+Jennifer+R%3BGhorbani%2C+Samareh%3BYanoff%2C+Lisa+B%3BYanovski%2C+Jack+A&rft.aulast=Norman&rft.aufirst=Anne-Caroline&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e690&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pediatrics&rft.issn=00314005&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gas exchange; Fitness; Obesity; Anaerobic threshold; Age; Pediatrics; Ergometry; Adolescence; Body mass; Heart rate; Exercise; Exertion; Children; Bicycling; Rest; Deconditioning; Cardiorespiratory; Performance; Activities ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple Copies of the 16S rRNA Gene in Nocardia nova Isolates and Implications for Sequence-Based Identification Procedures AN - 17636960; 6427565 AB - Molecular investigation of two Nocardia patient isolates showed unusual restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns with restriction endonuclease assays (REA) using an amplified portion of the 16S rRNA gene. Patterns typical of Nocardia nova were obtained with REA of an amplified portion of the 65-kDa heat shock protein gene. Subsequent sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene regions of these isolates showed the presence of ambiguous bases within an expected restriction endonuclease recognition site which were not able to be resolved on repeat testing. Cloning of amplified regions of the 16S rRNA genes and subsequent sequencing of the resulting clones from the two patient isolates showed three different 16S rRNA gene sequences which corresponded to sequences found in N. nova, a molecular variant of N. nova, and a previously undescribed sequence. Hybridization studies using a DNA probe corresponding to an 89-bp conserved region of the 16S rRNA gene confirmed the presence of at least two copies of the 16S rRNA gene in the N. nova type strain, in a patient isolate identical to the molecular variant of N. nova, and in the two other patient isolates. All isolates were found to belong to the species N. nova as determined by DNA-DNA hybridization. Because minimal variation has been found in the 16S rRNA gene sequences of different species of Nocardia, those laboratories employing molecular methods for identification of these species must be aware of the potential identification complications that may be caused by the presence of differing 16S rRNA genes in the same isolate. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Conville, Patricia S AU - Witebsky, Frank G AD - Microbiology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 2881 EP - 2885 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 6 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17636960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Multiple+Copies+of+the+16S+rRNA+Gene+in+Nocardia+nova+Isolates+and+Implications+for+Sequence-Based+Identification+Procedures&rft.au=Conville%2C+Patricia+S%3BWitebsky%2C+Frank+G&rft.aulast=Conville&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2881&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-administration of cannabinoids by experimental animals and human marijuana smokers AN - 17636712; 6452659 AB - Drug self-administration behavior has been one of the most direct and productive approaches for studying the reinforcing effects of psychoactive drugs, which are critical in determining their abuse potential. Cannabinoids, which are usually abused by humans in the form of marijuana, have become the most frequently abused illicit class of drugs in the United States. The early elucidation of the structure and stereochemistry of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in 1964, which is now recognized as the principal psychoactive ingredient in marijuana, activated cannabinoid research worldwide. This review examines advances in research on cannabinoid self-administration behavior by humans and laboratory animals. There have been numerous laboratory demonstrations of the reinforcing effects of cannabinoids in human subjects, but reliable self-administration of cannabinoids by laboratory animals has only recently been demonstrated. It has now been shown that strong and persistent self-administration behavior can be maintained in experimentally and drug-naive squirrel monkeys by doses of THC comparable to those in marijuana smoke inhaled by humans. Furthermore, reinforcing effects of some synthetic CB sub(1) cannabinoid agonists have been recently reported using intravenous and intracerebroventricular self-administration procedures in rats and mice. These findings support previous conclusions that THC has a pronounced abuse liability comparable to other drugs of abuse under certain experimental conditions. Self-administration of THC by squirrel monkeys provides the most reliable animal model for human marijuana abuse available to date. This animal model now makes it possible to study the relative abuse liability of other natural and synthetic cannabinoids and to preclinically assess new therapeutic strategies for the treatment or prevention of marijuana abuse in humans. JF - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior AU - Justinova, Z AU - Goldberg AU - Heishman, S J AU - Tanda, G AD - Preclinical Pharmacology Section, Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA, gtanda@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 285 EP - 299 PB - Elsevier Science Inc., Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 81 IS - 2 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Squirrel monkeys KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - Y 25591:General KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17636712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.atitle=Self-administration+of+cannabinoids+by+experimental+animals+and+human+marijuana+smokers&rft.au=Justinova%2C+Z%3BGoldberg%3BHeishman%2C+S+J%3BTanda%2C+G&rft.aulast=Justinova&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pbb.2005.01.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2005.01.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probe rank approaches for gene selection in oligonucleotide arrays with a small number of replicates AN - 17579400; 6417134 AB - MOTIVATION: One major area of interest in analyzing oligonucleotide gene array data is identifying differentially expressed genes. A challenge to biostatisticians is to develop an approach to summarizing probe-level information that adequately reflects the true expression level while accounting for probe variation, chip variation and interaction effects. Various statistical tools, such as MAS and RMA, have been developed to address this issue. In these approaches, the probe level expression data are summarized into gene level data, which are then used for downstream statistical analysis. Since probe variation is often larger than chip variation and there is also a potential interaction effect between probe affinity and treatment effect, strategies such as a gene level analysis, may not be optimal. In this study, we propose a procedure to analyze probe level data for selecting differentially expressed genes under two treatment conditions (groups) with a small number of replicates. The probe level discrepancy between two groups can be measured by a difference of the percentiles of probe perfect-match (PM) ranks or of probe PM weighted ranks. The difference is then compared with a pre-specified threshold to determine differentially expressed genes. The probe level approach takes into account non-homogenous treatment effects and reduces possible cross-hybridization effects across a set of probes. RESULTS: The proposed approach is compared with MAS and RMA using two benchmark gene array datasets. Positive predictivity and sensitivity are used for evaluation. Results show the proposed approach has higher positive predictivity and higher sensitivity. AVAILABILITY: Available on request from the authors. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Chen, Dung-Tsa AU - Chen, James J AU - Soong, Seng-jaw AD - Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham 153 Wallace Tumor Institute, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR 72079, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 2861 EP - 2866 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 21 IS - 12 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - DNA probes KW - Statistical analysis KW - Bioinformatics KW - Oligonucleotides KW - DNA microarrays KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17579400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Probe+rank+approaches+for+gene+selection+in+oligonucleotide+arrays+with+a+small+number+of+replicates&rft.au=Chen%2C+Dung-Tsa%3BChen%2C+James+J%3BSoong%2C+Seng-jaw&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Dung-Tsa&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2861&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA probes; DNA microarrays; Data processing; Statistical analysis; Oligonucleotides; Bioinformatics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Safety of Ximelagatran AN - 17561966; 6427623 JF - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association AU - Brinker, Allen AU - He, Ruyi AU - Desai, Mehul AU - Gelperin, Kate AU - Robie-Suh, Kathy AD - Office of New Drugs and Office of Drug Safety , Center for Drug Evaluation and Research , US Food and Drug Administration , Rockville, Md, robiesuh@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 2859 PB - American Medical Association, 515 N. State St. Chicago IL 60610 USA VL - 293 IS - 23 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 KW - ximelagatran KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Drugs KW - Side effects KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17561966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA%3A+Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association&rft.atitle=Safety+of+Ximelagatran&rft.au=Brinker%2C+Allen%3BHe%2C+Ruyi%3BDesai%2C+Mehul%3BGelperin%2C+Kate%3BRobie-Suh%2C+Kathy&rft.aulast=Brinker&rft.aufirst=Allen&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=293&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=2859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA%3A+Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Side effects; Drugs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimal cylindrical handle diameter for grip force tasks AN - 17555831; 6446393 AB - This study tested maximum grip force on cylindrical aluminum handles to evaluate the relationships between handle diameter (25-50 mm diameter handles), perceived comfort, finger and phalange force distribution, and electromyographic efficiency of finger flexor and extensor muscle activity. A force glove system containing 16 thin profile force sensors was developed to measure finger and phalangeal forces on the cylindrical handles. Participants (, n=24, ) rated the mid-sized handles (30, 35 and 40 mm) as the most comfortable for maximum grip force exertions. Using a polynomial regression the handle diameter that maximized subjective comfort was calculated as a function of the user's hand length. This optimal handle diameter was 19.7% of the user's hand length. Total finger force capability was inversely related with handle diameter. Electromyographic amplitude of the primary flexor and extensor was unaffected by handle diameter, so the efficiency of the muscle electrical activity followed the same relationship with handle diameter as total finger force. Individual finger and phalange force distributions were examined to evaluate their relationship with perceived comfort. A non-uniform finger/phalange force distribution, in which finger force was proportional to finger muscle capabilities, exhibited a stronger correlation with subjective ratings of comfort than a uniform finger/phalange force distribution.Relevance to industry Results obtained in this study will provide guidelines to hand-tool designers and manufacturers for maximizing handle comfort based on the user's hand size. JF - International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics AU - Kong, Y-K AU - Lowe, B D AD - Robert A. Taft Laboratories, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, MS C-24, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, ykong@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 495 EP - 507 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0169-8141, 0169-8141 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Sensors KW - Man-machine interactions KW - Materials handling KW - Muscles KW - gloves KW - Aluminum KW - Ergonomics KW - Occupational health KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17555831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Industrial+Ergonomics&rft.atitle=Optimal+cylindrical+handle+diameter+for+grip+force+tasks&rft.au=Kong%2C+Y-K%3BLowe%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Kong&rft.aufirst=Y-K&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Industrial+Ergonomics&rft.issn=01698141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ergon.2004.11.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Muscles; Aluminum; Ergonomics; gloves; Sensors; Man-machine interactions; Occupational health; Materials handling DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2004.11.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Traffic calming policy can reduce inequalities in child pedestrian injuries: database study AN - 17546003; 6417078 AB - OBJECTIVES: To determine whether area wide traffic calming distribution reflects known inequalities in child pedestrian injury rates. To determine whether traffic calming is associated with changes in childhood pedestrian injury rates. DESIGN: Small area ecological study, longitudinal analysis of injury rates with cross sectional analysis of traffic calming and method of travel to school. SETTINGS: Two cities in the United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS: 4-16 year old children between 1992 and 2000. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Area wide traffic calming distribution by area deprivation status and changes in injury rate/1000. RESULTS: The most deprived fourth of city A had 4.8 times (95% CI 3.71 to 6.22) the number of traffic calming features per 1000 population compared with the most affluent fourth. Injury rates among the most deprived dropped from 9.42 to 5.07 from 1992-94 to 1998-2000 (95% CI for change 2.82 to 5.91). In city B, the traffic calming ratio of the most to least deprived fourth was 1.88 (95% CI 1.46 to 2.42); injury rates in the deprived areas dropped from 8.92 to 7.46 (95% CI for change -0.84 to 3.77). Similar proportions of 9-12 year olds walked to school in both cities. CONCLUSIONS: Area wide traffic calming is associated with absolute reductions in child pedestrian injury rates and reductions in relative inequalities in child pedestrian injury rates. JF - Injury Prevention AU - Jones, S J AU - Lyons, R A AU - John, A AU - Palmer AD - Department of Epidemiology Statistics and Public Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. Centre for Health Improvement Research and Evaluation University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, UK. National Public Health Service for Wales Swansea Office, Swansea UK Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 152 EP - 156 PB - B M J Publishing Group, B.M.A. House Tavistock Sq. London WC1H 9JR UK VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1353-8047, 1353-8047 KW - traffic calming KW - Physical Education Index; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Driving KW - Injuries KW - Motor vehicles KW - Walking KW - Accidents KW - schools KW - prevention KW - Urban areas KW - Preventive health KW - pedestrians KW - Children KW - Schools KW - Policy KW - Analysis KW - Traffic safety KW - Urban environment KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17546003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Injury+Prevention&rft.atitle=Traffic+calming+policy+can+reduce+inequalities+in+child+pedestrian+injuries%3A+database+study&rft.au=Jones%2C+S+J%3BLyons%2C+R+A%3BJohn%2C+A%3BPalmer&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Injury+Prevention&rft.issn=13538047&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Injuries; Urban environment; Walking; Analysis; Driving; Schools; Children; Policy; Accidents; Preventive health; pedestrians; Urban areas; schools; prevention; Traffic safety; Motor vehicles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment of chemicals and pharmaceuticals in the pediatric population: A workshop report AN - 17543943; 6392896 AB - ATSDR and RIVM organized an Expert Panel Workshop on the Differences Between Children and Adults and Their Relevance to Risk Assessment. The workshop was held in June 2003, in Brussels, Belgium. The purpose of the workshop was to identify data gaps in current scientific knowledge related to children's health and to recognize areas of mutual interest that would serve as the basis for upcoming ATSDR/RIVM cooperative projects. The aim for both agencies is a better understanding of the issues related to children's health, and the improvement of scientifically based (chemical) risk assessment in children. Topics discussed included clinical trials /toxicity studies, testing in juvenile animals, PBPK modeling in children, and children's risk assessment. JF - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Pohl, H R AU - van Engelen, JGM AU - Wilson, J AU - Sips, AJAM AD - US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA, hpohl@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 83 EP - 95 VL - 42 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Clinical trials KW - Drugs KW - Pediatrics KW - Children KW - Belgium KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Toxicity testing KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17543943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+of+chemicals+and+pharmaceuticals+in+the+pediatric+population%3A+A+workshop+report&rft.au=Pohl%2C+H+R%3Bvan+Engelen%2C+JGM%3BWilson%2C+J%3BSips%2C+AJAM&rft.aulast=Pohl&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.yrtph.2005.01.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Belgium; Children; Toxicity testing; Drugs; Clinical trials; Risk assessment; Pediatrics; Pharmaceuticals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2005.01.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of poliovirus-specific IgA in saliva by ELISA tests AN - 17539948; 6391480 AB - This study describes three ELISA methods for detection of immunoglobulin A (IgA) specific to three types of Sabin strains of poliovirus in saliva taken from 70 children aged 6-7 years vaccinated with a full course of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). Of the three ELISA methods (conventional IgA ELISA and two new methods described in this communication, the alpha -capture ELISA and Inhibition ELISA), alpha -capture ELISA demonstrated the highest sensitivity, with all saliva samples testing positive for Sabin poliovirus strains specific IgA antibodies of 1-3 types. Of 62 available alpha -capture ELISA positive saliva samples, all were also positive by the inhibition ELISA, and a significant correlation was found between the results. Fifty-two available saliva samples were screened by the three ELISA tests with positive results, and a significant correlation was found between the alpha -capture ELISA and the IgA ELISA; the correlation between the IgA ELISA and inhibition ELISA was not significant. The results of this study suggest that determination of Sabin poliovirus-specific IgA in human saliva by the ELISA techniques (especially by the novel alpha -capture ELISA) can be used reliably for evaluation of mucosal immunity in large groups of people immunized with poliovirus vaccines and for epidemiological studies. JF - Journal of Virological Methods AU - Ivanov, A AU - Dragunsky, E AU - Ivanova, O AU - Rezapkin, G AU - Potapova, S AU - Chumakov, K AD - Food and Drug Administration, HFM-470, NLRC/B-121, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, USA, ivanov@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 45 EP - 52 PB - Elsevier B.V. VL - 126 IS - 1-2 SN - 0166-0934, 0166-0934 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Poliovirus KW - Mucosal immunity KW - Children KW - Immunoglobulin A KW - Vaccines KW - Saliva KW - W3 33240:Immunology KW - V 22091:Immunological techniques & reagents KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17539948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.atitle=Determination+of+poliovirus-specific+IgA+in+saliva+by+ELISA+tests&rft.au=Ivanov%2C+A%3BDragunsky%2C+E%3BIvanova%2C+O%3BRezapkin%2C+G%3BPotapova%2C+S%3BChumakov%2C+K&rft.aulast=Ivanov&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.issn=01660934&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jviromet.2005.01.030 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poliovirus; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Immunoglobulin A; Saliva; Vaccines; Children; Mucosal immunity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.01.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contribution of Nitric Oxide to CpG-Mediated Protection against Listeria monocytogenes AN - 17535848; 6274283 AB - Immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) improve host resistance to listeriae. CpG ODN trigger immune cells to produce gamma interferon and "prime" host cells to secrete nitric oxide in response to bacterial exposure. CpG treatment does not protect inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 knockout mice, indicating that NO is critical to CpG-mediated protection against listeriae. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Ito, Shuichi AU - Ishii, Ken J AU - Ihata, Atsushi AU - Klinman, Dennis M AD - CBER/FDA, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 3803 EP - 3805 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 6 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - mice KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - g-Interferon KW - CpG islands KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Nitric-oxide synthase KW - ^g-Interferon KW - Nitric oxide KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17535848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Contribution+of+Nitric+Oxide+to+CpG-Mediated+Protection+against+Listeria+monocytogenes&rft.au=Ito%2C+Shuichi%3BIshii%2C+Ken+J%3BIhata%2C+Atsushi%3BKlinman%2C+Dennis+M&rft.aulast=Ito&rft.aufirst=Shuichi&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3803&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Listeria monocytogenes; CpG islands; Nitric oxide; g-Interferon; Nitric-oxide synthase; Oligonucleotides; ^g-Interferon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of a Linear Peptide Recognized by Monoclonal Antibody 2D7 Capable of Generating CCR5-Specific Antibodies with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Neutralizing Activity AN - 17490463; 6275977 AB - CCR5 is the major coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) 2D7, which recognizes a conformation-dependent epitope in the second extracellular loop of CCR5, is one of the most potent inhibitors of R5 virus cell entry. However, attempts to humanize 2D7 for in vivo human use have been unsuccessful so far. A filamentous phage library expressing random peptides was used to identify a peptide mimitope that is recognized by MAb 2D7. A synthetic peptide containing this sequence (2D7-2SK) bound to MAb 2D7 with high affinity and reversed its HIV type 1 (HIV-1) fusion inhibitory activity. The peptide contains sequence homologies to two distal regions of the second extracellular loop of human CCR5, both of which are required for MAb 2D7 binding. Rabbit anti-2D7-mimitope antibodies competed with MAb 2D7 for binding to the 2D7-2SK peptide in Biacore biosensor testing. Importantly, the rabbit anti-2D7-2SK antibodies bound to CCR5 on cells and specifically inhibited R5 (but not X4) envelope-mediated syncytium formation. These antibodies also neutralized infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with R5 HIV isolates comparably to MAb 2D7. In summary, we have identified a novel peptide that closely mimics the MAb 2D7 epitope on CCR5. This peptide could be included as a potential vaccine candidate or to isolate 2D7-like human antibodies as entry inhibitors for R5 viruses. JF - Journal of Virology AU - Khurana, Surender AU - Kennedy, Michael AU - King, Lisa R AU - Golding, Hana AD - Division of Viral Products. Division of Hematology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Y1 - 2005/06/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 01 SP - 6791 EP - 6800 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 79 IS - 11 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - HIV-1 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Phages KW - synthetic peptides KW - Immunodeficiency KW - CCR5 protein KW - Infection KW - Biosensors KW - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells KW - Human immunodeficiency virus 1 KW - Neutralization KW - Epitopes KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Homology KW - Vaccines KW - W3 33375:Antibodies KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - V 22003:AIDS: Immunological aspects KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17490463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Virology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+a+Linear+Peptide+Recognized+by+Monoclonal+Antibody+2D7+Capable+of+Generating+CCR5-Specific+Antibodies+with+Human+Immunodeficiency+Virus-Neutralizing+Activity&rft.au=Khurana%2C+Surender%3BKennedy%2C+Michael%3BKing%2C+Lisa+R%3BGolding%2C+Hana&rft.aulast=Khurana&rft.aufirst=Surender&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=6791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Monoclonal antibodies; CCR5 protein; Epitopes; Infection; Immunodeficiency; synthetic peptides; Vaccines; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Phages; Biosensors; Homology; Neutralization ER - TY - GEN T1 - Head Start Impact Study: First Year Findings AN - 1373090523; ED543015 AB - The Congressionally-mandated Head Start Impact Study is being conducted across 84 nationally representative grantee/delegate agencies. Approximately 5,000 newly entering 3- and 4-year-old children applying for Head Start were randomly assigned to either a Head Start group that had access to Head Start program services or to a non-Head Start group that could enroll in available community non-Head Start services, selected by their parents. Data collection began in fall 2002 and is scheduled to continue through 2006, following children through the spring of their 1st-grade year. The study quantifies the impact of Head Start separately for 3- and 4-year-old children across child cognitive, social-emotional, and health domains as well as on parenting practices. For children in the 3-year-old group, the preliminary results from the first year of data collection demonstrate small to moderate positive effects favoring the children enrolled in Head Start for some outcomes in each domain. Fewer positive impacts were found for children in the 4-year-old group. Appended are: (1) Section 649(G) of the Head Start Act, 1998 (PL 105-285); (2) Calculating Analytical Sampling Weights for Fall 2002 and Spring 2003; (3) Language Decision Form; (4) Citations for Child Assessments, Scales, and Observation Instruments; (5) Comparison of Head Start Grantees/Delegate Agencies and Centers in Saturated and Non-Saturated Communities; (6) Determination of Head Start Participation; (7) The Racial/Ethnic Composition of the Study Sample; (8) Differences between Main Arrangement and Focal Arrangement; (9) Imputations for Item Nonresponse in the Fall 2002 Data; (10) Comparison of Weighted and Unweighted Mean Differences by Age Cohort; (11) Impact Regression Procedures; (12) Measures Of Fall 2002 "Starting Points" Used in the Regression Models, by Child and Parent Outcomes; (13) Tests for Lack of Impact of Head Start on Demographic and Developmental Factors Measured in Fall 2002; (14) Basis for Assuming That Non-Participants Experienced No Intervention Effects; (15) Cognitive Domain, Estimated Impact on Program Participants; (16) Factors That Moderate the Impact of Head Start: Detailed Tables for Cognitive Outcomes; (17) Social-Emotional Domain Estimated Impact on Program Participants; (18) Factors That Moderate the Impact of Head Start: Detailed Tables for Social-Emotional Outcomes; (19) Health Domain, Estimated Impact of Program Participation; (20) Factors That Moderate the Impact of Head Start: Detailed Tables for Health Outcomes; (21) Parenting Practices Domain, Estimated Impact of Program Participation; and (22) Factors That Moderate the Impact of Head Start: Detailed Tables for Parenting Outcomes. Individual sections contain footnotes. (Contains 47 exhibits.) [Contributors include: Nicholas Zill, Gary Shapiro, Pam Broene, Debra Mekos, Monica Rohacek, Liz Quinn, Gina Adams, Janet Friedman, and Haidee Bernstein. For the "Head Start Impact Study: First Year Findings. Executive Summary," see ED543009.] AU - Puma, Michael AU - Bell, Stephen AU - Cook, Ronna AU - Heid, Camilla AU - Lopez, Michael Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 333 PB - Administration for Children & Families. US Department of Health and Human Services, 370 L'Enfant Promenade SW, Washington, DC 20447. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Kindergarten KW - Preschool Education KW - Language Usage KW - Family Characteristics KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Child Health KW - Intervention KW - Outcomes of Education KW - African American Children KW - Parenting Styles KW - Hispanic Americans KW - Child Rearing KW - Racial Composition KW - Disadvantaged Youth KW - Social Development KW - Data Collection KW - Sampling KW - Parents KW - Preschool Children KW - School Readiness KW - Context Effect KW - Low Income Groups KW - Measures (Individuals) KW - Cognitive Development KW - Cohort Analysis KW - Emotional Development KW - Regression (Statistics) KW - Advisory Committees KW - Health Services KW - Grade 1 KW - Student Evaluation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1373090523?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-13 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Head Start Impact Study: First Year Findings. Executive Summary AN - 1373090504; ED543009 AB - The Congressionally-mandated Head Start Impact Study is being conducted across 84 nationally representative grantee/delegate agencies. Approximately 5,000 newly entering 3- and 4-year-old children applying for Head Start were randomly assigned to either a Head Start group that had access to Head Start program services or to a non-Head Start group that could enroll in available community non-Head Start services, selected by their parents. Data collection began in fall 2002 and is scheduled to continue through 2006, following children through the spring of their 1st-grade year. The study quantifies the impact of Head Start separately for 3- and 4-year-old children across child cognitive, social-emotional, and health domains as well as on parenting practices. For children in the 3-year-old group, the preliminary results from the first year of data collection demonstrate small to moderate positive effects favoring the children enrolled in Head Start for some outcomes in each domain. Fewer positive impacts were found for children in the 4-year-old group. (Contains 7 footnotes and 12 exhibits.) [Contributors include: Nicholas Zill, Gary Shapiro, Pam Broene, Debra Mekos, Monica Rohacek, Liz Quinn, Gina Adams, Janet Friedman, and Haidee Bernstein. For the full report, "Head Start Impact Study: First Year Findings," see ED543015.] AU - Puma, Michael AU - Bell, Stephen AU - Cook, Ronna AU - Heid, Camilla AU - Lopez, Michael Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 26 PB - Administration for Children & Families. US Department of Health and Human Services, 370 L'Enfant Promenade SW, Washington, DC 20447. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Elementary Education KW - Preschool Education KW - Language Usage KW - Family Characteristics KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Child Health KW - Outcomes of Education KW - African American Children KW - Parenting Styles KW - Hispanic Americans KW - Kindergarten KW - Child Rearing KW - Racial Composition KW - Disadvantaged Youth KW - Social Development KW - Data Collection KW - Sampling KW - Parents KW - Preschool Children KW - School Readiness KW - Context Effect KW - Low Income Groups KW - Measures (Individuals) KW - Cognitive Development KW - Cohort Analysis KW - Emotional Development KW - Advisory Committees KW - Health Services KW - Grade 1 KW - Student Evaluation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1373090504?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Race against time. AN - 67869088; 15917781 JF - Nature AU - Fauci, Anthony S AD - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2520, USA. Y1 - 2005/05/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 26 SP - 423 EP - 424 VL - 435 IS - 7041 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - 0 KW - Influenza Vaccines KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Antiviral Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Animals KW - Biomedical Research -- trends KW - Humans KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) -- economics KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Influenza Vaccines -- immunology KW - Influenza Vaccines -- economics KW - Population Surveillance KW - Genotype KW - Antiviral Agents -- supply & distribution KW - International Cooperation KW - Adult KW - Birds -- virology KW - Influenza Vaccines -- supply & distribution KW - Middle Aged KW - Antiviral Agents -- adverse effects KW - Adolescent KW - Time Factors KW - Orthomyxoviridae -- pathogenicity KW - Orthomyxoviridae -- genetics KW - Influenza, Human -- prevention & control KW - Influenza, Human -- epidemiology KW - Disaster Planning -- trends KW - Influenza, Human -- virology KW - Influenza, Human -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67869088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Race+against+time.&rft.au=Fauci%2C+Anthony+S&rft.aulast=Fauci&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2005-05-26&rft.volume=435&rft.issue=7041&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pulmonary toxicity of carbon nanotubes AN - 40060993; 3930679 AU - Kisin, E AU - Murray, A R AU - Johnson, V AU - Gorelik, O AU - Arepalli, S AU - Gandelsman, V Z AU - Hubbs, A F AU - Mercer, R R AU - Baron, P AU - Kagan, V E Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40060993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+toxicity+of+carbon+nanotubes&rft.au=Kisin%2C+E%3BMurray%2C+A+R%3BJohnson%2C+V%3BGorelik%2C+O%3BArepalli%2C+S%3BGandelsman%2C+V+Z%3BHubbs%2C+A+F%3BMercer%2C+R+R%3BBaron%2C+P%3BKagan%2C+V+E&rft.aulast=Kisin&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - CCL2 KO mice demonstrate enhanced TH2 responses following dermal sensitization AN - 40052811; 3931351 AU - Myers, L P AU - Simeonova, P AU - Meade, B J Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40052811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=CCL2+KO+mice+demonstrate+enhanced+TH2+responses+following+dermal+sensitization&rft.au=Myers%2C+L+P%3BSimeonova%2C+P%3BMeade%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Role of proinflamatory cytokines in chemically-induced dopaminergic neurodegeration AN - 40046491; 3931625 AU - O'Callaghan, J Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40046491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Role+of+proinflamatory+cytokines+in+chemically-induced+dopaminergic+neurodegeration&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; 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phone: 650-876-0792; fax: 650-876-0793; URL: http://www.casss.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pulmonary exposure to residual oil fly ash (ROFA) impairs systemic microvascular endothelium-dependent dilation AN - 39958714; 3931081 AU - Nurkiewicz, T R AU - Boegehold, MA AU - Porter, D W AU - Barger, M AU - Hubbs, A F AU - Millecchia, L AU - Castranova, V Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39958714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+exposure+to+residual+oil+fly+ash+%28ROFA%29+impairs+systemic+microvascular+endothelium-dependent+dilation&rft.au=Nurkiewicz%2C+T+R%3BBoegehold%2C+MA%3BPorter%2C+D+W%3BBarger%2C+M%3BHubbs%2C+A+F%3BMillecchia%2C+L%3BCastranova%2C+V&rft.aulast=Nurkiewicz&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Application of toxicogenomics to pre-clinical safety testing: Validation considerations for potential laboratory animal refinement, reduction, and replacement AN - 39957609; 3930993 AU - Schechtman, L M Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39957609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Application+of+toxicogenomics+to+pre-clinical+safety+testing%3A+Validation+considerations+for+potential+laboratory+animal+refinement%2C+reduction%2C+and+replacement&rft.au=Schechtman%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Schechtman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Immune response to zymosan-induced pulmonary inflammation in rats AN - 39955343; 3930577 AU - Young, S AU - Roberts, J R AU - Antonini, J M Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39955343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Immune+response+to+zymosan-induced+pulmonary+inflammation+in+rats&rft.au=Young%2C+S%3BRoberts%2C+J+R%3BAntonini%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Systems biology: Approaches and applications to toxicology AN - 39951505; 3931617 AU - Slikker, W AU - Knudsen, T B Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39951505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Systems+biology%3A+Approaches+and+applications+to+toxicology&rft.au=Slikker%2C+W%3BKnudsen%2C+T+B&rft.aulast=Slikker&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Augmentation of ovalbumin-induced IgE and airway hyperreactivity response by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) AN - 39950803; 3930848 AU - Fairley, K J AU - Kearns, S AU - Myers, L P AU - Purdy, R AU - Meade, B J Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39950803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Augmentation+of+ovalbumin-induced+IgE+and+airway+hyperreactivity+response+by+perfluorooctanoic+acid+%28PFOA%29&rft.au=Fairley%2C+K+J%3BKearns%2C+S%3BMyers%2C+L+P%3BPurdy%2C+R%3BMeade%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Fairley&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mutagenicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in rat liver AN - 39949995; 3930385 AU - Chen, T AU - Mei, N AU - Heflich, R H Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39949995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+pyrrolizidine+alkaloids+in+rat+liver&rft.au=Chen%2C+T%3BMei%2C+N%3BHeflich%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - PAT for Biotechnology Products AN - 39949429; 3929008 AU - Webber, Keith Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39949429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=PAT+for+Biotechnology+Products&rft.au=Webber%2C+Keith&rft.aulast=Webber&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: California Separation Science Society, 156 South Spruce Avenue, Suite 214, South San Francisco, CA 94080-4556, USA; phone: 650-876-0792; fax: 650-876-0793; URL: http://www.casss.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - General Regulatory Expectations for Process Validation: When You Arrive at a Fork in the Road, Take It AN - 39949292; 3928985 AU - Joneckis, Chris Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39949292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=General+Regulatory+Expectations+for+Process+Validation%3A+When+You+Arrive+at+a+Fork+in+the+Road%2C+Take+It&rft.au=Joneckis%2C+Chris&rft.aulast=Joneckis&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: California Separation Science Society, 156 South Spruce Avenue, Suite 214, South San Francisco, CA 94080-4556, USA; phone: 650-876-0792; fax: 650-876-0793; URL: http://www.casss.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Gestational exposure to PFOS suppresses immunological function in F1 mice AN - 39949258; 3930520 AU - Keil, DE AU - Mehlman, T AU - Butterworth, L AU - Peden-Adams, M M Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39949258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Gestational+exposure+to+PFOS+suppresses+immunological+function+in+F1+mice&rft.au=Keil%2C+DE%3BMehlman%2C+T%3BButterworth%2C+L%3BPeden-Adams%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Keil&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Taxol induces mutations in the Tk gene of L5178Y/TK+/- mouse lymphoma cells through a mitotic non-disjunction mechanism AN - 39947629; 3931858 AU - Moore, M M AU - Mei, N AU - Chen, L AU - Chen, T Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39947629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Taxol+induces+mutations+in+the+Tk+gene+of+L5178Y%2FTK%2B%2F-+mouse+lymphoma+cells+through+a+mitotic+non-disjunction+mechanism&rft.au=Moore%2C+M+M%3BMei%2C+N%3BChen%2C+L%3BChen%2C+T&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Headspace procedure for the quantification of 1- and 2-bromopropane in human urine AN - 39921408; 3929828 AU - B'Hymer, C AU - Cheever, K L Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39921408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Headspace+procedure+for+the+quantification+of+1-+and+2-bromopropane+in+human+urine&rft.au=B%27Hymer%2C+C%3BCheever%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=B%27Hymer&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Forced exercise attenuates kainic acid-induced neurotoxicity in the hippocampus of C57BL/6J mice AN - 39921233; 3929686 AU - Benkovic, SA AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Miller, D B Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39921233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Forced+exercise+attenuates+kainic+acid-induced+neurotoxicity+in+the+hippocampus+of+C57BL%2F6J+mice&rft.au=Benkovic%2C+SA%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P%3BMiller%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Benkovic&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Method for the simultaneous measurement of specific IgGs to five CDC select bioterrorism agents in serum AN - 39920886; 3930410 AU - Biagini, R E AU - Sammons, D L AU - Smith, J P AU - MacKenzie, BA AU - Striley, CA AU - Robertson, SA AU - Snawder, JE AU - Quinn, C P Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39920886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Method+for+the+simultaneous+measurement+of+specific+IgGs+to+five+CDC+select+bioterrorism+agents+in+serum&rft.au=Biagini%2C+R+E%3BSammons%2C+D+L%3BSmith%2C+J+P%3BMacKenzie%2C+BA%3BStriley%2C+CA%3BRobertson%2C+SA%3BSnawder%2C+JE%3BQuinn%2C+C+P&rft.aulast=Biagini&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Micronucleus induction and DNA damage in V 79 cells in vitro by dusts from hard metal sintering and detonation coating processes AN - 39913235; 3931861 AU - Keane, MJ AU - Wallace, W E Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39913235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Micronucleus+induction+and+DNA+damage+in+V+79+cells+in+vitro+by+dusts+from+hard+metal+sintering+and+detonation+coating+processes&rft.au=Keane%2C+MJ%3BWallace%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Keane&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; phone: 703-438-3115; fax: 703-438-3113; URL: http://www.toxicology.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Standardization of a broth microdilution susceptibility testing method to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations of aquatic bacteria AN - 17640440; 6418679 AB - A multiple laboratory study was conducted in accordance with the standards established by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), formerly the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS), for the development of quality control (QC) ranges using dilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods for bacterial isolates from aquatic animal species. QC ranges were established for Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida ATCC 33658 when testing at 22, 28 and 35 degree C (E. coli only) for 10 different anti-microbial agents (ampicillin, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, florfenicol, flumequine, gentamicin, ormetoprim/sulfadimethoxine, oxolinic acid, oxytetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) QC ranges were determined using dry- and frozen-form 96-well plates and cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth. These QC ranges were accepted by the CLSI/NCCLS Subcommittee on Veterinary Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing in January 2004. This broth microdilution testing method represents the first standardized method for determining MICs of bacterial isolates whose preferred growth temperatures are below 35 degree C. Methods and QC ranges defined in this study will enable aquatic animal disease researchers to reliably compare quantitative susceptibility testing data between laboratories, and will be used to ensure both precision and inter-laboratory harmonization. JF - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms AU - Miller, R A AU - Walker, R D AU - Carson, J AU - Coles, M AU - Coyne, R AU - Dalsgaard, I AU - Gieseker, C AU - Hsu, H M AU - Mathers, J J AU - Papapetropoulou, M AU - Petty, B AU - Teitzel, C AU - Reimschuessel, R AD - Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA, rmiller1@cvm.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/05/20/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 20 SP - 211 EP - 222 VL - 64 IS - 3 SN - 0177-5103, 0177-5103 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - J 02704:Enumeration KW - J 02905:Water KW - Q1 01484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17640440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.atitle=Standardization+of+a+broth+microdilution+susceptibility+testing+method+to+determine+minimum+inhibitory+concentrations+of+aquatic+bacteria&rft.au=Miller%2C+R+A%3BWalker%2C+R+D%3BCarson%2C+J%3BColes%2C+M%3BCoyne%2C+R%3BDalsgaard%2C+I%3BGieseker%2C+C%3BHsu%2C+H+M%3BMathers%2C+J+J%3BPapapetropoulou%2C+M%3BPetty%2C+B%3BTeitzel%2C+C%3BReimschuessel%2C+R&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-05-20&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.issn=01775103&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approval summary: azacitidine for treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome subtypes. AN - 67834589; 15897554 AB - This article summarizes data submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for marketing approval of azacitidine as injectable suspension (Vidaza, Pharmion Corporation, Boulder, CO) for treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. In one phase 3 controlled trial, 191 study subjects were randomized to treatment with azacitidine or to observation; an additional 120 patients were treated with azacitidine in two phase 2 single arm studies. The primary efficacy end point was the overall response rate, defined as complete or partial normalization of peripheral blood counts and bone marrow blast percentages for at least 4 weeks. In the controlled trial, the overall response rate was 15.7% in the azacitidine treatment group; there were no responders in the observation group (P < 0.0001). Response rates were similar in the two single arm studies. During response patients stopped being red cell or platelet transfusion dependent. Median duration of responses was at least 9 months. An additional 19% of azacitidine-treated patients had less than partial responses, most becoming transfusion independent. The most common adverse events attributed to azacitidine were gastrointestinal, hematologic, local (injection site), and constitutional. There were no azacitidine-related deaths. On May 19, 2004 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved azacitidine as injectable suspension for treatment of patients with the following myelodysplastic syndrome subtypes: refractory anemia or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (if accompanied by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia or requiring transfusions), refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Full prescribing information is available at http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2004/050794lbl.pdf. Azacitidine is the first agent approved for treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome. JF - Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Kaminskas, Edvardas AU - Farrell, Ann AU - Abraham, Sophia AU - Baird, Amy AU - Hsieh, Li-Shan AU - Lee, Shwu-Luan AU - Leighton, John K AU - Patel, Hasmukh AU - Rahman, Atiqur AU - Sridhara, Rajeshwara AU - Wang, Yong-Cheng AU - Pazdur, Richard AU - FDA AD - Division of Oncology Drug Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland, USA. edvardas.kaminskas@fda.hhs.gov ; FDA Y1 - 2005/05/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 15 SP - 3604 EP - 3608 VL - 11 IS - 10 SN - 1078-0432, 1078-0432 KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic KW - 0 KW - Azacitidine KW - M801H13NRU KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Azacitidine -- therapeutic use KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic -- administration & dosage KW - Azacitidine -- adverse effects KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic -- adverse effects KW - Drug Approval KW - Myelodysplastic Syndromes -- drug therapy KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic -- therapeutic use KW - Azacitidine -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67834589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Approval+summary%3A+azacitidine+for+treatment+of+myelodysplastic+syndrome+subtypes.&rft.au=Kaminskas%2C+Edvardas%3BFarrell%2C+Ann%3BAbraham%2C+Sophia%3BBaird%2C+Amy%3BHsieh%2C+Li-Shan%3BLee%2C+Shwu-Luan%3BLeighton%2C+John+K%3BPatel%2C+Hasmukh%3BRahman%2C+Atiqur%3BSridhara%2C+Rajeshwara%3BWang%2C+Yong-Cheng%3BPazdur%2C+Richard%3BFDA&rft.aulast=Kaminskas&rft.aufirst=Edvardas&rft.date=2005-05-15&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3604&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10780432&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CpG-independent synergistic induction of beta-chemokines and a dendritic cell phenotype by orthophosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in elutriated human primary monocytes. AN - 67808502; 15879106 AB - Chemokines attract leukocytes bearing the relevant chemokine receptors and regulate innate immune responses. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) and GM-CSF are potent vaccine adjuvants and in combination induce enhanced Th1 responses by mechanisms yet to be determined. We have examined combinations of CpG- or non-CpG-ODN and GM-CSF for effects on the production of chemokines and the differentiation of monocytes to dendritic cells. High levels of the Th1-attracting, HIV-1-inhibitory chemokines, CCL3/MIP-1alpha and CCL4/MIP-1beta, were induced in human primary monocytes when CpG- or non-CpG-ODN was combined with GM-CSF, but not with IL-4 or IFN-gamma. The synergistic induction of beta-chemokines by non-CpG-ODN was phosphorothioate (PS) chemistry dependent and inhibited by blocking endosome maturation/acidification and ERK1/2 activation. Chemokine and TLR9 mRNAs were induced by PS-ODN. Cells treated with non-CpG PS-ODN and GM-CSF expressed dendritic cell marker CD83 and high levels of HLA-DR and costimulatory molecules, and were CD14(-) or CD14(dim), consistent with monocyte differentiation into a dendritic cell phenotype. The induction of CD83 and beta-chemokines was tyrosine phosphorylation dependent. Secreted CCL3 and CCL4 were detected as a heterodimer. Our results indicate the CpG-independent synergy between PS-ODN and GM-CSF mediated through chemokine and dendritic cell induction. In addition, our observations suggest that PS-ODN plus GM-CSF may be useful as potent ex vivo dendritic cell differentiation/maturation agents for dendritic cell therapy and as vaccine adjuvants for tumor and infectious microorganisms, including HIV-1. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Wang, Jinhai AU - Alvarez, Raymond AU - Roderiquez, Gregory AU - Guan, Ennan AU - Caldwell, Quincy AU - Wang, Jiun AU - Phelan, Michael AU - Norcross, Michael A AD - Laboratory of Immunology, Division of Therapeutic Proteins, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/05/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 15 SP - 6113 EP - 6121 VL - 174 IS - 10 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Antigens, CD KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD14 KW - Antigens, CD40 KW - Antigens, CD86 KW - CCL4 protein, human KW - CD83 antigen KW - CD86 protein, human KW - CPG-oligonucleotide KW - Chemokine CCL3 KW - Chemokine CCL4 KW - Chemokines, CC KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - HLA-DR Antigens KW - Immunoglobulins KW - Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins KW - Membrane Glycoproteins KW - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - TLR9 protein, human KW - Thionucleotides KW - Toll-Like Receptor 9 KW - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - 83869-56-1 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Antigens, CD -- biosynthesis KW - Antigens, CD40 -- biosynthesis KW - Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins -- genetics KW - Humans KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Immunoglobulins -- biosynthesis KW - Down-Regulation -- immunology KW - Endosomes -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Differentiation -- immunology KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- biosynthesis KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Endosomes -- immunology KW - Antigens, CD14 -- metabolism KW - HLA-DR Antigens -- biosynthesis KW - Drug Synergism KW - Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Immunophenotyping KW - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor -- chemistry KW - Dendritic Cells -- immunology KW - Dendritic Cells -- metabolism KW - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides -- chemistry KW - Monocytes -- immunology KW - CpG Islands -- immunology KW - Monocytes -- metabolism KW - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides -- chemical synthesis KW - Dendritic Cells -- cytology KW - Thionucleotides -- chemistry KW - Chemokines, CC -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67808502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=CpG-independent+synergistic+induction+of+beta-chemokines+and+a+dendritic+cell+phenotype+by+orthophosphorothioate+oligodeoxynucleotides+and+granulocyte-macrophage+colony-stimulating+factor+in+elutriated+human+primary+monocytes.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jinhai%3BAlvarez%2C+Raymond%3BRoderiquez%2C+Gregory%3BGuan%2C+Ennan%3BCaldwell%2C+Quincy%3BWang%2C+Jiun%3BPhelan%2C+Michael%3BNorcross%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jinhai&rft.date=2005-05-15&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new tyrosine phosphorylation site in PLC gamma 1: the role of tyrosine 775 in immune receptor signaling. AN - 67806210; 15879121 AB - Phospholipase Cgamma (PLCgamma) is a ubiquitous gatekeeper of calcium mobilization and diacylglycerol-mediated events induced by the activation of Ag and growth factor receptors. The activity of PLCgamma is regulated through its controlled membrane translocation and tyrosine (Y) phosphorylation. Four activation-induced tyrosine phosphorylation sites have been previously described (Y472, Y771, Y783, and Y1254), but their specific roles in Ag receptor-induced PLCgamma1 activation are not fully elucidated. Unexpectedly, we found that the phosphorylation of a PLCgamma1 construct with all four sites mutated to phenylalanine was comparable with that observed with wild-type PLCgamma1, suggesting the existence of an unidentified site(s). Sequence alignment with known phosphorylation sites in PLCgamma2 indicated homology of PLCgamma1 tyrosine residue 775 (Y775) with PLCgamma2 Y753, a characterized phosphorylation site. Tyrosine 775 was characterized as a phosphorylation site using phospho-specific anti-Y775 antiserum, and by mutational analysis. Phosphorylation of Y775 did not depend on the other tyrosines, and point mutation of PLCgamma1 Y775, or the previously described Y783, substantially reduced AgR-induced calcium, NF-AT, and AP-1 activation. Mutation of Y472, Y771, and Y1254 had no effect on overall PLCgamma1 phosphorylation or activation. Although the concomitant mutation of Y775 and Y783 abolished downstream PLCgamma1 signaling, these two tyrosines were sufficient to reconstitute the wild-type response in the absence of functional Y472, Y771, and Y1254. These data establish Y775 as a critical phosphorylation site for PLCgamma1 activation and confirm the functional importance of Y783. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Serrano, Carmen J AU - Graham, Laurie AU - DeBell, Karen AU - Rawat, Rashmi AU - Veri, Maria Concetta AU - Bonvini, Ezio AU - Rellahan, Barbara L AU - Reischl, Ilona G AD - Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Institutes of Health Campus, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/05/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 15 SP - 6233 EP - 6237 VL - 174 IS - 10 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Diglycerides KW - Isoenzymes KW - NFATC Transcription Factors KW - Nuclear Proteins KW - Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell KW - Transcription Factor AP-1 KW - Transcription Factors KW - Tyrosine KW - 42HK56048U KW - Type C Phospholipases KW - EC 3.1.4.- KW - Phospholipase C gamma KW - EC 3.1.4.3 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Transcription Factor AP-1 -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Jurkat Cells KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Isoenzymes -- genetics KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Cattle KW - Isoenzymes -- deficiency KW - Phosphorylation KW - Transfection KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Diglycerides -- physiology KW - Nuclear Proteins -- metabolism KW - Cell Line KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- metabolism KW - Signal Transduction -- genetics KW - Signal Transduction -- immunology KW - Tyrosine -- genetics KW - Tyrosine -- metabolism KW - Type C Phospholipases -- deficiency KW - Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell -- physiology KW - Type C Phospholipases -- genetics KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- physiology KW - Type C Phospholipases -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67806210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=A+new+tyrosine+phosphorylation+site+in+PLC+gamma+1%3A+the+role+of+tyrosine+775+in+immune+receptor+signaling.&rft.au=Serrano%2C+Carmen+J%3BGraham%2C+Laurie%3BDeBell%2C+Karen%3BRawat%2C+Rashmi%3BVeri%2C+Maria+Concetta%3BBonvini%2C+Ezio%3BRellahan%2C+Barbara+L%3BReischl%2C+Ilona+G&rft.aulast=Serrano&rft.aufirst=Carmen&rft.date=2005-05-15&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functionally distinct polymorphic sequences in the human genome that are targets for p53 transactivation. AN - 67800075; 15843459 AB - The p53 tumor suppressor protein is a master regulatory transcription factor that coordinates cellular responses to DNA damage and cellular stress. Besides mutations in p53, or in proteins involved in the p53 response pathway, genetic variation in promoter response elements (REs) of p53 target genes is expected to alter biological responses to stress. To identify SNPs in p53 REs that may modify p53-controlled gene expression, we developed an approach that combines a custom bioinformatics search to identify candidate SNPs with functional yeast and mammalian cell assays to assess their effect on p53 transactivation. Among approximately 2 million human SNPs, we identified >200 that seem to disrupt functional p53 REs. Eight of these SNPs were evaluated in functional assays to determine both the activity of the putative RE and the impact of the candidate SNPs on transactivation. All eight candidate REs were functional, and in every case the SNP pair exhibited differential transactivation capacities. Additionally, six of the eight genes adjacent to these SNPs are induced by genotoxic stress or are activated directly by transfection with p53 cDNA. Thus, this strategy efficiently identifies SNPs that may differentially affect gene expression responses in the p53 regulatory pathway. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Tomso, Daniel J AU - Inga, Alberto AU - Menendez, Daniel AU - Pittman, Gary S AU - Campbell, Michelle R AU - Storici, Francesca AU - Bell, Douglas A AU - Resnick, Michael A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Y1 - 2005/05/03/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 03 SP - 6431 EP - 6436 VL - 102 IS - 18 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - DNA, Complementary KW - 0 KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - Luciferases KW - EC 1.13.12.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Yeasts KW - DNA, Complementary -- genetics KW - Plasmids -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Computational Biology KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Base Sequence KW - Sequence Alignment KW - Transfection KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic -- genetics KW - Response Elements -- genetics KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide -- genetics KW - Genome, Human KW - Transcriptional Activation -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- genetics KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67800075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Functionally+distinct+polymorphic+sequences+in+the+human+genome+that+are+targets+for+p53+transactivation.&rft.au=Tomso%2C+Daniel+J%3BInga%2C+Alberto%3BMenendez%2C+Daniel%3BPittman%2C+Gary+S%3BCampbell%2C+Michelle+R%3BStorici%2C+Francesca%3BBell%2C+Douglas+A%3BResnick%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Tomso&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2005-05-03&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=6431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cell. 2000 Sep 15;102(6):849-62 [11030628] Nucleic Acids Res. 2001 Jan 1;29(1):308-11 [11125122] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Mar 13;98(6):3416-21 [11248093] Nat Genet. 2001 Apr;27(4):371-2 [11279516] Arthritis Rheum. 2001 Aug;44(8):1782-5 [11508429] Mol Cell. 2001 Jul;8(1):57-69 [11511360] Biochemistry. 2002 May 28;41(21):6714-22 [12022875] Hum Mutat. 2002 Jun;19(6):607-14 [12007217] Annu Rev Biochem. 2002;71:817-46 [12045112] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 25;99(13):8467-72 [12077306] Genes Dev. 1999 Nov 15;13(22):3027-33 [10580009] Genes Dev. 2000 Apr 15;14(8):981-93 [10783169] Oncogene. 2002 Nov 7;21(51):7901-11 [12420228] Mol Cell Biol. 2002 Dec;22(24):8612-25 [12446780] J Immunol. 2003 Jan 1;170(1):132-8 [12496392] Nat Genet. 2003 Apr;33(4):457-8 [12652301] Nat Genet. 2003 Apr;33(4):439-40 [12665861] Cancer Lett. 2003 Apr 10;193(1):99-107 [12691829] Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Jun;111(8):1055-64 [12826477] Gene. 2003 Jul 17;312:207-13 [12909357] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 19;100(17):9934-9 [12909720] Mol Cell. 2003 Oct;12(4):1015-27 [14580351] Science. 2003 Nov 7;302(5647):1041-3 [14605368] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Dec 9;100(25):14994-9 [14630945] Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Jan 1;32(Database issue):D528-32 [14681474] Physiol Genomics. 2004 Jan 15;16(2):184-93 [14583597] Cell. 2004 Feb 20;116(4):499-509 [14980218] Science. 2004 Mar 5;303(5663):1526-9 [14976262] Cancer Res. 2004 May 15;64(10):3361-4 [15150084] Science. 1992 May 8;256(5058):827-30 [1589764] Nat Genet. 1992 Apr;1(1):45-9 [1301998] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Jul 21;85(14):1159-64 [8320745] Hum Mol Genet. 1994 Sep;3(9):1537-42 [7833908] Genes Dev. 1996 May 1;10(9):1054-72 [8654922] Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 1999 Jun 2;115(2):183-93 [10407135] Cell. 2004 Nov 24;119(5):591-602 [15550242] Nature. 2000 Nov 16;408(6810):307-10 [11099028] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Age-dependent sensitivity of Big Blue transgenic mice to the mutagenicity of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) in liver. AN - 67560785; 15790487 AB - The incidence of childhood cancer is increasing and recent evidence suggests an association between childhood cancer and environmental exposure to genotoxins. In the present study, the Big Blue transgenic mouse model was used to determine whether specific periods in early life represent windows of vulnerability to mutation induction by genotoxins in mouse liver. Groups of mice were treated with single doses of 120 mg N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)/kg body weight or the vehicle either transplacentally to the 18-day-old fetus or at postnatal days (PNDs) 1, 8, 15, 42 or 126; the animals were sacrificed 6 weeks after their treatment. The cII mutation assay was performed to determine the mutant frequencies (MFs) in the livers of the mice. Liver cII MFs for both sexes were dependent on the age at which the animals were treated. Perinatal treatment with ENU (either transplacental treatment to the 18-day-old fetus or i.p. injection at PND 1) induced relatively high MFs. However, ENU treatment at PNDs 8 and 15 resulted in the highest mutation induction. The lowest mutation induction occurred in those animals treated as adults (PND 126). For instance, the cII MF for the PND 8 female group was 646 x 10(-6) while the MF for female adults was only 145 x 10(-6), a more than 4-fold difference. Molecular analysis of the mutants found that A:T-->T:A transversions and A:T-->G:C transitions characterized the pattern of mutations induced by ENU in both the neonate and adult mice, while the predominate type of mutation in the controls was G:C-->A:T. The results indicate that mouse liver is most sensitive to ENU-induced mutation during infancy. This period correlates well with the age-dependent sensitivity to carcinogenicity in mouse liver, suggesting that mutation is an important rate-limiting factor for age-related carcinogenesis. JF - Mutation research AU - Mei, Nan AU - Heflich, Robert H AU - Moore, Martha M AU - Chen, Tao AD - Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, HFT-130, NCTR/FDA, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Y1 - 2005/05/02/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 02 SP - 14 EP - 26 VL - 572 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Age Factors KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Liver -- physiopathology KW - Ethylnitrosourea -- toxicity KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67560785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Age-dependent+sensitivity+of+Big+Blue+transgenic+mice+to+the+mutagenicity+of+N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea+%28ENU%29+in+liver.&rft.au=Mei%2C+Nan%3BHeflich%2C+Robert+H%3BMoore%2C+Martha+M%3BChen%2C+Tao&rft.aulast=Mei&rft.aufirst=Nan&rft.date=2005-05-02&rft.volume=572&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of measurements of phase velocity in human calcaneus to Biot theory. AN - 85383213; pmid-15957798 AB - Biot's theory for elastic propagation in porous media has previously been shown to be useful for modeling the dependence of phase velocity on porosity in bovine cancellous bone in vitro. In the present study, Biot's theory is applied to measurements of porosity-dependent phase velocity in 53 human calcanea in vitro. Porosity was measured using microcomputed tomography for some samples (n = 23) and estimated based on bone mineral densitometry for the remaining samples (n = 30). The phase velocity at 500 kHz was measured in a water tank using a through-transmission technique. Biot's theory performed well for the prediction of the dependence of sound speed on porosity. The trend was quasilinear, but both the theory and experiment show similar slight curvature. The root mean square error (RMSE) of predicted versus measured sound speed was 15.8 m/s. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Wear, Keith A AU - Laib, Andres AU - Stuber, Angela P AU - Reynolds, James C AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, HFZ-140, 12720 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. Kaw@cdrh.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 3319 EP - 3324 VL - 117 IS - 5 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Biomechanics KW - *Calcaneus: cytology KW - Densitometry KW - Humans KW - *Models, Biological KW - Porosity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85383213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+measurements+of+phase+velocity+in+human+calcaneus+to+Biot+theory.&rft.au=Wear%2C+Keith+A%3BLaib%2C+Andres%3BStuber%2C+Angela+P%3BReynolds%2C+James+C&rft.aulast=Wear&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=3319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of pulse characteristics on temperature rise due to ultrasound absorption at a bone/soft-tissue interface. AN - 85381095; pmid-15957794 AB - The transient temperature rise at a bone/soft-tissue interface is an important quantity in the safety evaluation of procedures involving trains of high-intensity ultrasound pulses. Mathematical models based upon the time-averaged intensity of the pulse train can provide rapid estimates of the temperature rise, but are known to underestimate the temperature rise during the on-time of the pulse. This paper extends a previous analytical model to account for pulse shape, and provides error estimates for simulations employing time-averaged intensities. A simple analytic expression for the interface temperature that accounts for both bone and soft-tissue properties is provided. The analytic expression agrees well with temperature rise predictions based upon the finite-element method, when the insonation time is large compared to the pulse repetition period. In this case of large relative insonation time, the pulse shape is found to be inconsequential. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Myers, Matthew R AD - Center for Devices and Radiological Health, HFZ-170, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. matthew.myers@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 3281 EP - 3287 VL - 117 IS - 5 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Absorption KW - *Bone and Bones KW - Humans KW - Models, Theoretical KW - *Muscle, Skeletal KW - *Temperature KW - Time Factors KW - *Ultrasonography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85381095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effect+of+pulse+characteristics+on+temperature+rise+due+to+ultrasound+absorption+at+a+bone%2Fsoft-tissue+interface.&rft.au=Myers%2C+Matthew+R&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=3281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relationship between blood lead levels and neurobehavioral test performance in NHANES III and related occupational studies. AN - 68538827; 16134563 AB - OBJECTIVES The goals of this study were two-fold: (1) to assess the relationship between blood lead levels and neurobehavioral test performance in a nationally sample of adults from the third National Health and Nutrition Evaluation Survey and (2) to analyze the results from previously published studies of occupational lead exposure that used the same neurobehavioral tests as those included in the survey. METHODS Regression models were used to test and estimate the relationships between measurements of blood lead and performance on a simple reaction time, a symbol-digit substitution, and a serial digit learning test in adults aged 20-59 years who participated the survey. Mixed models were used to analyze the data from the occupational studies. RESULTS The blood lead levels of those participating in the survey ranged from 0.7 to 41.8 microg/dl. The estimated geometric mean was 2.51 microg/dl, and the estimated arithmetic mean was 3.30 microg/dl. In the survey, no statistically significant relationships were found between blood lead concentration and performance on the three neurobehavioral tests when adjusted for covariates. In the occupational studies, the groups exposed to lead consistently performed worse than control groups on the simple reaction time and digit-symbol substitution tests. CONCLUSIONS The results from the survey and the occupational studies do not provide evidence for impairment of neurobehavioral test performance at levels below 25 microg/dl, the concentration that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention define as elevated in adults. The average blood lead level of the exposed groups in the occupational studies was 41.07 microg/dl, less than 50 microg/dl, the minimum concentration that the Occupational Safety and Health Administration requires for medical removal from the workplace. Given the evidence of impaired neurobehavioral performance in these groups, the 50 microg/dl limit should be reevaluated. JF - Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) AU - Krieg, Edward F AU - Chrislip, David W AU - Crespo, Carlos J AU - Brightwell, W Stephen AU - Ehrenberg, Richard L AU - Otto, David A AD - Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA. erk3@cdc.gov PY - 2005 SP - 240 EP - 251 VL - 120 IS - 3 SN - 0033-3549, 0033-3549 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Mental Processes KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Reaction Time KW - Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Adult -- blood KW - Nervous System Diseases -- etiology KW - Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Adult -- physiopathology KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Adult -- complications KW - Nutrition Surveys KW - Neuropsychological Tests KW - Nervous System Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Lead -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68538827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+health+reports+%28Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+1974%29&rft.atitle=The+relationship+between+blood+lead+levels+and+neurobehavioral+test+performance+in+NHANES+III+and+related+occupational+studies.&rft.au=Krieg%2C+Edward+F%3BChrislip%2C+David+W%3BCrespo%2C+Carlos+J%3BBrightwell%2C+W+Stephen%3BEhrenberg%2C+Richard+L%3BOtto%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Krieg&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+health+reports+%28Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+1974%29&rft.issn=00333549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-15 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Am J Ind Med. 2000 Feb;37(2):193-204 [10615100] Neurotoxicology. 1997;18(3):793-803 [9339826] Neurotoxicology. 2000 Oct;21(5):703-14 [11130274] Neurotoxicology. 2000 Oct;21(5):805-11 [11130286] Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Mar 1;153(5):453-64 [11226977] G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2000 Oct-Dec;22(4):299-304 [11284152] Public Health Rep. 2000 Nov-Dec;115(6):521-9 [11354334] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2001 Nov-Dec;23(6):569-89 [11792526] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2002 Aug;75(6):394-8 [12070635] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1978 Jul 14;41(4):217-36 [355147] J Occup Med. 1978 Oct;20(10):683-9 [722355] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1978 Dec;4(4):295-303 [734390] Am J Ind Med. 1980;1(3-4):421-6 [7342780] Br J Ind Med. 1983 Feb;40(1):99-105 [6824607] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1984;53(3):233-46 [6706419] Br J Ind Med. 1984 Aug;41(3):352-61 [6743583] Am J Epidemiol. 1986 Feb;123(2):261-9 [3946375] Br J Ind Med. 1986 Jun;43(6):374-80 [3718881] Am J Ind Med. 1986;9(6):535-42 [3017104] Br J Ind Med. 1986 Sep;43(9):626-9 [3756115] Int J Neurosci. 1987 Sep;36(1-2):29-39 [3654090] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1990;20(4):237-55 [2178626] Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1991 Sep;25(5):272-4 [1773668] JAMA. 1994 Jul 27;272(4):284-91 [8028141] Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1994 Sep;28(5):281-3 [7842892] Occup Environ Med. 1995 Jan;52(1):2-12 [7697135] Am J Ind Med. 1995 Feb;27(2):231-46 [7755013] Biomed Environ Sci. 1995 Mar;8(1):23-9 [7605596] Occup Environ Med. 1995 Jun;52(6):408-14 [7627319] Neurology. 1997 Mar;48(3):639-45 [9065540] J Occup Environ Med. 1997 May;39(5):426-31 [9172087] Arch Toxicol. 2000 Jan;73(10-11):510-8 [10663381] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protecting workers from secondhand smoke in North Carolina. AN - 68535983; 16130941 AB - Exposure to job-related secondhand smoke represents a significant, but entirely preventable occupational health risk to non-smoking workers. This article examines trends in smoke-free workplace policies in North Carolina. We also examine whether workers comply with such policies. Data from the Census Bureau's Current Population Survey were analyzed from 1992 through 2002. Trends for North Carolina workers are compared with workers nationally and trends are presented by age, race, gender, and type of worker. North Carolina ranks 35th in the proportion of its workforce reporting a smoke-free place of employment. The proportion of workers reporting such a policy doubled between 1992 and 2002. Females were more likely to reporta smoke-free work environment (72.0%, CI +/- 2.6) than males (61.2%, CI +/- 4.6%). Blue-collar (55.6%, CI +/- 5.5) and service workers (61.2%, CI +/- 8.4), especially males, were less likely to report a smoke-free worksite than white-collar workers (73.4%, CI +/- 2.6). Compliance with a smoke-free policy does not appear to be an issue, only 3.2% of workers statewide reported someone had violated their company's nonsmoking policy While some progress has been made in North Carolina to protect workers from secondhand smoke, significant disparities exist. Smoke-free policies can make a significant difference in reducing exposure to airborne toxins and their associated diseases, and these protective public health policies have not been shown to reduce business revenues. Much has been done to assure the health and safety of workers through public health policy However, opportunities to protect North Carolina workers from the health effects of secondhand smoke are limited by a preemptive state law. JF - North Carolina medical journal AU - Plescia, Marcus AU - Malek, Sally Herndon AU - Shopland, Donald R AU - Anderson, Christy M AU - Burns, David M AD - Chronic Disease and Injury, Division of Public Health, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, USA. marcus.plescia@ncmail.net PY - 2005 SP - 186 EP - 191 VL - 66 IS - 3 SN - 0029-2559, 0029-2559 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - North Carolina KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Data Collection KW - Tobacco Industry KW - Occupations -- classification KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Occupational Health KW - Occupational Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Organizational Policy KW - Workplace -- organization & administration KW - Workplace -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68535983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+Carolina+medical+journal&rft.atitle=Protecting+workers+from+secondhand+smoke+in+North+Carolina.&rft.au=Plescia%2C+Marcus%3BMalek%2C+Sally+Herndon%3BShopland%2C+Donald+R%3BAnderson%2C+Christy+M%3BBurns%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Plescia&rft.aufirst=Marcus&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+Carolina+medical+journal&rft.issn=00292559&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aging, stress and the hippocampus. AN - 68451335; 15964248 AB - Functional loss often occurs in many body systems (e.g., endocrine, cognitive, motor) with the passage of years, but there is great individual variation in the degree of compromise shown. The current focus on brain aging will continue because demographic trends indicate that the average lifespan will show a continued increase. There is increasing emphasis on understanding how aging contributes to a decline in brain functions, cognition being a prime example. This is due in part to the fact that dementias and other losses in brain function that sometimes accompany aging cause an obvious decline in the quality of life and these deficits are of more concern as the number of elderly increase. Stress also is a ubiquitous aspect of life and there is now a greater interest in understanding the role of stress and the stress response in brain aging. The key role of the hippocampus and its related brain structures in cognition, as well as in the feedback control of the response to stress, have made this brain area a logical focus of investigation for those interested in the impact of stress on brain aging. Here, we describe how the hippocampus changes with age and we examine the idea that age-related changes in the secretion patterns of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis can contribute to aging of this structure. We also examine the proposal that stress, perhaps due to compromised HPA axis function, can contribute to hippocampal aging through exposure to excessive levels of glucocorticoids. The aging hippocampus does not appear to suffer a generalized loss of cells or synapses, although atrophy of the structure may occur in humans. Thus, age-related cognitive impairments are likely related to other neurobiological alterations that could include changes in the signaling, information encoding, plasticity, electrophysiological or neurochemical properties of neurons or glia. Although excessive levels of glucocorticoids are able to interfere with cognition, as well as hippocampal neuronal integrity, and aging is sometimes accompanied by an increase in these steroids because of inadequate feedback control of the HPA axis, none of these are a foregone consequence of aging. The general preservation of cells and the plastic potential of the hippocampus provide a focus for the development of pharmacological, nutritive or lifestyle strategies to combat age-related declines in the hippocampus as well as other brain areas. JF - Ageing research reviews AU - Miller, D B AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Chronic Stress and Neurotoxicology Laboratories, TMBB-HELD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-CDC-NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. dum6@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 123 EP - 140 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1568-1637, 1568-1637 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Stress, Physiological -- pathology KW - Hippocampus -- physiopathology KW - Aging -- pathology KW - Hippocampus -- pathology KW - Stress, Physiological -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68451335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ageing+research+reviews&rft.atitle=Aging%2C+stress+and+the+hippocampus.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ageing+research+reviews&rft.issn=15681637&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress in medical ultrasound exposimetry. AN - 68080812; 16048175 AB - Biomedical applications of ultrasound have experienced tremendous growth over the past 50 years. Early work in thermal therapy and surgery soon was followed by diagnostic imaging and Doppler. Because patient safety was an important issue from the beginning, the study of methods for measuring exposure levels, and their relationship to possible biological effects, paralleled the growth of the various therapeutic and diagnostic techniques. The diverse conditions of use have presented a range of exposure measurement challenges, and the sensors and techniques used to evaluate ultrasound fields have had to evolve as new or expanded clinical applications have emerged. In this paper some of the more notable of these developments are presented and discussed. Topics covered include devices and techniques, methods of calibration, progress in standardization, and current problem areas, including the effects of nonlinear propagation. Some early methods are described, but emphasis is given to more recent work applicable to present and future uses of ultrasound in medicine and biology. JF - IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control AU - Harris, Gerald R AD - Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. grh@cdrh.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 717 EP - 736 VL - 52 IS - 5 SN - 0885-3010, 0885-3010 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Animals KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Body Burden KW - Risk Management -- methods KW - Radiometry -- instrumentation KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Radiometry -- trends KW - Risk Management -- trends KW - Radiation Injuries -- prevention & control KW - Ultrasonography -- methods KW - Ultrasonography -- adverse effects KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Ultrasonography -- trends KW - Radiation Injuries -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68080812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+transactions+on+ultrasonics%2C+ferroelectrics%2C+and+frequency+control&rft.atitle=Progress+in+medical+ultrasound+exposimetry.&rft.au=Harris%2C+Gerald+R&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=717&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+transactions+on+ultrasonics%2C+ferroelectrics%2C+and+frequency+control&rft.issn=08853010&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An in vivo bioassay for detecting antiandrogens using humanized transgenic mice coexpressing the tetracycline-controlled transactivator and human CYP1B1 gene. AN - 68072417; 16040568 AB - The typical strategy used in analysis of antiandrogens involves the morphological changes of a marker in castrated rats Hershberger assay for the prostate, seminal vesicle, levator ani plus bulbocavernosus muscles (LABC), Cowper's gland, and glans penis. However, there are disadvantages to this approach, such as the time required, and the results may not correspond to those in actual human exposure. To evaluate its ability for detecting antiandrogens, in vivo the dose effect of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and time effect of five antiandrogens, DEHP, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), linuron (3-(4-dichlorophenyl)-methoxy-1-methylurea), and 2,4'-DDE (1,1-dichloro-2-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-(o-chlorophenyl)ethylene), were investigated using humanized transgenic mice coexpressing tetracycline-controlled transactivator (tTA) and the human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme CYP1B1 (hCYP1B1). Adult transgenic males were treated with each of the five antiandrogens, and their tTA-driven hCYP1B1 expressions analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and/or Western blot and for O-debenzylation activity. Herein, the treatments of adult males with the five antiandrogens were shown to affect the increased levels of tTA-driven hCYP1B1 expression in both dose-dependent and repeated experiments. Thus, this novel in vivo bioassay, using humanized transgenic mice, is useful for measuring antiandrogens, and is a means to a more relevant bioassay relating to actual human exposure. JF - International journal of toxicology AU - Hwang, Dae Y AU - Cho, Jung S AU - Oh, Jae H AU - Shim, Sun B AU - Jee, Seung W AU - Lee, Su H AU - Seo, Su J AU - Kang, Hyun G AU - Sheen, Yhun Y AU - Lee, Seok H AU - Kim, Yong K AD - Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, Korea Food and Drug Administration, National Institute of Toxicological Research, Eunpyng-ku, Seoul, Korea. PY - 2005 SP - 157 EP - 164 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 1091-5818, 1091-5818 KW - Androgen Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Trans-Activators KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - CYP1B1 protein, human KW - Cyp1b1 protein, mouse KW - Cyp1b1 protein, rat KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 KW - Tetracycline KW - F8VB5M810T KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Blotting, Western KW - Humans KW - Transgenes KW - Mice KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - Male KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Androgen Antagonists -- toxicity KW - Trans-Activators -- biosynthesis KW - Trans-Activators -- genetics KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Tetracycline -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68072417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=An+in+vivo+bioassay+for+detecting+antiandrogens+using+humanized+transgenic+mice+coexpressing+the+tetracycline-controlled+transactivator+and+human+CYP1B1+gene.&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Dae+Y%3BCho%2C+Jung+S%3BOh%2C+Jae+H%3BShim%2C+Sun+B%3BJee%2C+Seung+W%3BLee%2C+Su+H%3BSeo%2C+Su+J%3BKang%2C+Hyun+G%3BSheen%2C+Yhun+Y%3BLee%2C+Seok+H%3BKim%2C+Yong+K&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Dae&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.issn=10915818&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Use of genotoxicity data to support clinical trials or positive genetox findings on a candidate pharmaceutical or impurity .... now what? AN - 68070712; 16040563 AB - Results from carcinogenicity studies are generally not available for drugs until the time of approval. Many people, including healthy volunteers are often exposed to pharmacologically active doses of the drug before carcinogenicity results are available. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Drug Evaluation and Research uses results of genetic toxicology studies as a surrogate for carcinogenicity during the drug development phase (clinical trials). A number of issues are considered in deciding whether drugs that give positive results in genetic toxicology studies can be given to subjects in clinical trials. These relate to the drug indication, the target population, duration of treatment, and importance of the drug. In general, single-dose clinical studies are permitted regardless of the genetox results. In situations where a genetic toxicology assay showed a positive result, some review divisions have asked sponsors to perform a Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cell transformation assay or a p53 carcinogenicity study prior to allowing repeat-dose clinical trials to proceed. This paper discusses alternatives to SHE cell and p53 assays when faced with a positive result in a genetic toxicology assay. In addition, this paper discusses factors to consider when setting limits for genotoxic impurities in drug substances and products. JF - International journal of toxicology AU - Jacobson-Kram, David AU - Jacobs, Abigail PY - 2005 SP - 129 EP - 134 VL - 24 IS - 3 KW - Drugs, Investigational KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Drug Approval KW - Risk Assessment KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Drug Contamination KW - Clinical Trials as Topic -- standards KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical KW - Drugs, Investigational -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68070712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+genotoxicity+data+to+support+clinical+trials+or+positive+genetox+findings+on+a+candidate+pharmaceutical+or+impurity+....+now+what%3F&rft.au=Jacobson-Kram%2C+David%3BJacobs%2C+Abigail&rft.aulast=Jacobson-Kram&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.issn=10915818&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of emerging technologies in toxicology and safety assessment: regulatory perspectives. AN - 68070680; 16040567 AB - Emerging technologies applied in the regulatory field encompass a group of technologies that are used in addition to or in replacement of the standard toxicology studies conducted to support an Investigational New Drug Application (IND) or New Drug Application (NDA). The standard package includes general toxicology studies of various duration, safety pharmacology studies, genetic toxicology studies, and reproductive toxicology studies. New and emerging technologies applied to the regulation of new drugs include the use of novel biomarkers, transfected cells and transgenic animals, and the "omics" technologies (toxicogenomics, proteomics, and metabonomics). These technologies are at various stages of regulatory development and acceptance. For example, the use of transgenic animals have gained acceptance by regulatory authorities to replace a 2-year carcinogenicity assay. Alternatively, the "omics" technologies are not sufficiently advanced to achieve regulatory acceptance as replacements, although these assays have a role early in drug development and they may prove useful as supplements to standard studies. Data from these assays have been used to address specific mechanistic questions in combination with standard toxicology assays. JF - International journal of toxicology AU - Leighton, John K AD - Division of Oncology Drug Products, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. LEIGHTONJ@cder.fda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 153 EP - 155 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 1091-5818, 1091-5818 KW - Index Medicus KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Drug Industry -- standards KW - Proteomics KW - Toxicogenetics KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68070680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Advertising&rft.atitle=CAUTION%2C+ANIMATED+VIOLENCE%3A+Assessing+the+Efficacy+of+Violent+Video+Game+Ratings&rft.au=Becker-Olsen%2C+Karen+L%3BNorberg%2C+Patricia+A&rft.aulast=Becker-Olsen&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Advertising&rft.issn=00913367&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Injuries and illnesses treated at the World Trade Center, 14 September-20 November 2001. AN - 68035043; 16018506 AB - In response to the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC), the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) deployed Disaster Medical Assistance Teams (DMATs) and the Commissioned Corps to provide on-site, primary medical care to anyone who presented. Patients included rescue and recovery workers, other responders, and some members of the general public. A descriptive analysis of WTC-USPHS patient records was conducted in order to better understand the short-term impact of the WTC site on the safety and health of individuals who were at or near the site from 14 September-20 November 2001. The Patient Treatment Record forms that were completed for each patient visit to these USPHS stations over the 10-week deployment period were reviewed. Patient visits numbered 9,349, with visits peaking during Week 2 (21-27 September). More than one-quarter of the visits were due to traumatic injuries not including eye injuries (n = 2,716; 29%). Respiratory problems comprised more than one-fifth of the complaints (n = 2,011; 22%). Eye problems were the third most frequent complaint (n = 1,120; 12%). With respect to the triage class, the majority of visits fell into the lowest category of severity (n = 6,237; 67%). USPHS visits probably were skewed to milder complaints when compared to analyses of employer medical department reports or hospital cases; however, given the close proximity of the USPHS stations to the damage, analysis of the USPHS forms provides a more complete picture of the safety and health impact on those who were at or near the WTC site. JF - Prehospital and disaster medicine AU - Perritt, Kara R AU - Boal, Winifred L AU - Helix Group Inc AD - Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, M/S 1808 Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. kperritt@cdc.gov ; Helix Group Inc PY - 2005 SP - 177 EP - 183 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 1049-023X, 1049-023X KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - United States Public Health Service -- statistics & numerical data KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Age Distribution KW - New York City -- epidemiology KW - Adult KW - Incidence KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Sex Distribution KW - Female KW - Male KW - Environmental Illness -- epidemiology KW - Wounds and Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Wounds and Injuries -- classification KW - September 11 Terrorist Attacks -- statistics & numerical data KW - Rescue Work -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Illness -- classification KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- classification KW - Emergency Medical Services -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68035043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Prehospital+and+disaster+medicine&rft.atitle=Injuries+and+illnesses+treated+at+the+World+Trade+Center%2C+14+September-20+November+2001.&rft.au=Perritt%2C+Kara+R%3BBoal%2C+Winifred+L%3BHelix+Group+Inc&rft.aulast=Perritt&rft.aufirst=Kara&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Prehospital+and+disaster+medicine&rft.issn=1049023X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Confirmation of sulfamethazine, sulfathiazole, and sulfadimethoxine residues in condensed milk and soft-cheese products by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. AN - 68012354; 16001847 AB - A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method (LC/MS/MS) is described for the simultaneous detection of 3 sulfonamide drug residues at 1.25 ppb in condensed milk and soft-cheese products. The 3 sulfonamide drugs of interest are sulfathiazole (STZ), sulfamethazine (SMZ), and sulfadimethoxine (SDM). The method includes extraction of the product with phosphate buffer, centrifugation of the diluted product, and application of a portion of the extract onto a polymeric solid-phase extraction cartridge. The cartridge is washed with water, and the sulfonamides are eluted with methanol. After evaporation, the residue is dissolved in 0.1% formic acid solution, and the solution is filtered before analysis by LC/MS/MS. The LC/MS/MS program involved a series of time-scheduled selected-reaction monitoring transitions. The transitions of MH+ to the common product ions at m/z 156, 108, and 92 were monitored for each residue. In addition, SMZ and SDM had a fourth significant and unique product ion transition that could be measured. Validation was performed with control and fortified-control condensed bovine milk with 2.5, 5, and 10 ppb sulfonamides. This method was applied to imported flavored and unflavored condensed milk and cream cheese bars. The presence of STZ and SMZ residues was confirmed in 3 out of 6 products. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Clark, Susan B AU - Turnipseed, Sherri B AU - Madson, Mark R AU - Hurlbut, Jeffrey A AU - Kuck, Laura R AU - Sofos, John N AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, PO Box 25087, Denver, CO 80225, USA. PY - 2005 SP - 736 EP - 743 VL - 88 IS - 3 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Formates KW - 0 KW - Ions KW - Phosphates KW - Sulfathiazoles KW - formic acid KW - 0YIW783RG1 KW - Sulfadimethoxine KW - 30CPC5LDEX KW - Sulfamethazine KW - 48U51W007F KW - sulfathiazole KW - Y7FKS2XWQH KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Formates -- chemistry KW - Cattle KW - Milk -- metabolism KW - Phosphates -- chemistry KW - Food Contamination KW - Time Factors KW - Cheese -- analysis KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Sulfamethazine -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Sulfathiazoles -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Ion Exchange -- methods KW - Sulfadimethoxine -- analysis KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68012354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Confirmation+of+sulfamethazine%2C+sulfathiazole%2C+and+sulfadimethoxine+residues+in+condensed+milk+and+soft-cheese+products+by+liquid+chromatography%2Ftandem+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Clark%2C+Susan+B%3BTurnipseed%2C+Sherri+B%3BMadson%2C+Mark+R%3BHurlbut%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BKuck%2C+Laura+R%3BSofos%2C+John+N&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=736&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Our magnificent workplace obsession. AN - 67981800; 15986900 JF - Occupational health & safety (Waco, Tex.) AU - Johnson, Linda F AD - North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services', Cherry Hospital, Goldsboro, USA. linda.f.johnson@ncmail.net Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 70 EP - 4 VL - 74 IS - 5 SN - 0362-4064, 0362-4064 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Health KW - Humans KW - Planning Techniques KW - Occupational Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Protective Clothing KW - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67981800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+health+%26+safety+%28Waco%2C+Tex.%29&rft.atitle=Our+magnificent+workplace+obsession.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Linda+F&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+health+%26+safety+%28Waco%2C+Tex.%29&rft.issn=03624064&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of novel compounds for pest control: insecticidal and acaricidal activity of essential oil components from heartwood of Alaska yellow cedar. AN - 67944462; 15962787 AB - Laboratory bioassays were conducted to determine the activity of 15 natural products isolated from essential oil components extracted from the heartwood of Alaska yellow cedar, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach., against Ixodes scapularis Say nymphs, Xenopsylla cheopis (Rothchild), and Aedes aegypti (L.) adults. Four of the compounds from the essential oil have been identified as monoterpenes, five as eremophilane sesquiterpenes, five as eremophilane sesquiterpene derivatives from valencene and nootkatone, and one as a sesquiterpene outside the eremophilane parent group. Carvacrol was the only monoterpene that demonstrated biocidal activity against ticks, fleas, and mosquitoes with LC50 values after 24 h of 0.0068, 0.0059, and 0.0051% (wt:vol), respectively. Nootkatone from Alaska yellow cedar was the most effective of the eremophilane sesquiterpenes against ticks (LC50 = 0.0029%), whereas the nootkatone grapefruit extract exhibited the greatest biocidal activity against fleas (LC50 = 0.0029%). Mosquitoes were most susceptible to one of the derivatives of valencene, valencene-13-aldehyde (LC50 = 0.0024%), after 24 h. Bioassays to determine residual activity of the most effective products were conducted at 1, 2, 4, and 6 wk after initial treatment. Residual LC50 values for nootkatone did not differ significantly at 4 wk posttreatment from the observations made at the initial 24-h treatment. The ability of these natural products to kill arthropods at relatively low concentrations represents an alternative to the use of synthetic pesticides for control of disease vectors. JF - Journal of medical entomology AU - Panella, Nicholas A AU - Dolan, Marc C AU - Karchesy, Joseph J AU - Xiong, Yeping AU - Peralta-Cruz, Javier AU - Khasawneh, Mohammad AU - Montenieri, John A AU - Maupin, Gary O AD - Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Fort Collins, CO 80522, USA. Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 352 EP - 358 VL - 42 IS - 3 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Monoterpenes KW - Oils, Volatile KW - Plant Oils KW - Sesquiterpenes KW - Terpenes KW - carvacrol KW - 9B1J4V995Q KW - nootkatone KW - IZ2Y119N4J KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Plant Oils -- chemistry KW - Wood KW - Ixodes KW - Aedes KW - Siphonaptera KW - Oils, Volatile -- chemistry KW - Chamaecyparis -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67944462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.atitle=Use+of+novel+compounds+for+pest+control%3A+insecticidal+and+acaricidal+activity+of+essential+oil+components+from+heartwood+of+Alaska+yellow+cedar.&rft.au=Panella%2C+Nicholas+A%3BDolan%2C+Marc+C%3BKarchesy%2C+Joseph+J%3BXiong%2C+Yeping%3BPeralta-Cruz%2C+Javier%3BKhasawneh%2C+Mohammad%3BMontenieri%2C+John+A%3BMaupin%2C+Gary+O&rft.aulast=Panella&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medical+entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-14 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral test methods workshop. AN - 67909292; 15939202 AB - A one and a half day workshop on behavioral testing was conducted in order to discuss experimental procedures and practices that may help enhance the utility of behavioral data as a reliable index of neurotoxicity and in the safety evaluation of chemical substances. The workshop was open to participation by all sectors of the neuroscience community including academia, government, testing laboratories, and industry. The level of confidence with which changes in behavior can reliably signal adverse effects on the nervous system depends, in part, on the scientific quality of the data generated. With an emphasis on education and problem solving, the workshop focused on the practical aspects and scientific rationale underlying valid and high quality testing. In behavioral testing, there are numerous experimental factors that may impact on the quality of data. These include such elements as experimental design, selection of test methods, the care and precision in the conduct of behavioral testing, procedures to minimize bias and potential confounds, appropriateness of statistical analyses, and data interpretation. In plenary session investigators experienced in behavioral testing discussed the significance of these various experimental factors to data quality, outlined problematic issues, and presented a synopsis of approaches for addressing each of the factors as outlined in a draft of a primer developed by the Interagency Committee on Neurotoxicology (ICON). During the remainder of the workshop, open discussions in small breakout groups were used to address the problematic issues identified by the plenary speakers and explore alternative approaches for dealing with them. Finally, all workshop participants were reconvened in plenary session for summation of breakout group discussions and final recommendations. Information from the workshop was used to form the basis of this manuscript and will be used to help finalize a behavioral test methods primer being drafted by the ICON. The overall conclusions from the workshop were that consensus can be reached on the fundamentals of behavioral assessment, and that aspects of behavioral assessment including experimental design, test method selection, training, validation, control of confounds, data variability, data analysis, and data interpretation need to be carefully considered in the planning and conduct of behavioral safety assessments. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Slikker, William AU - Acuff, Karen AU - Boyes, William K AU - Chelonis, John AU - Crofton, Kevin M AU - Dearlove, George E AU - Li, Abby AU - Moser, Virginia C AU - Newland, Chris AU - Rossi, John AU - Schantz, Susan AU - Sette, William AU - Sheets, Larry AU - Stanton, Mark AU - Tyl, Shelley AU - Sobotka, Thomas J AD - National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Division of Neurotoxicology, 3900 NCTR Rd. Jefferson 72079, United States. wslikker@nctr.fda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 417 EP - 427 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Toxicology -- manpower KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Research Design KW - Risk Assessment KW - Neurotoxicity Syndromes -- psychology KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Behavior -- drug effects KW - Neurotoxicity Syndromes -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67909292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=proceeding&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Behavioral+test+methods+workshop.&rft.au=Slikker%2C+William%3BAcuff%2C+Karen%3BBoyes%2C+William+K%3BChelonis%2C+John%3BCrofton%2C+Kevin+M%3BDearlove%2C+George+E%3BLi%2C+Abby%3BMoser%2C+Virginia+C%3BNewland%2C+Chris%3BRossi%2C+John%3BSchantz%2C+Susan%3BSette%2C+William%3BSheets%2C+Larry%3BStanton%2C+Mark%3BTyl%2C+Shelley%3BSobotka%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Slikker&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glial fibrillary acidic protein and related glial proteins as biomarkers of neurotoxicity. AN - 67899139; 15934851 AB - A variety of '-omic' technologies are being increasingly applied in preclinical safety assessments. Such approaches, however, have not been implemented in neurotoxicity safety evaluations. Current regulatory guidelines for assessing neurotoxicity emphasise reliance on traditional histopathological stains and behavioural testing batteries. Although these methods may be sufficient to detect some neurotoxic effects, they lack both the sensitivity and specificity required for broad-scale neurotoxicity screening. The glial reaction to nervous system damage, often termed gliosis, represents a hallmark of all types of nervous system injury. As such, the development and implementation of gliosis biomarkers represents a broadly applicable approach for neurotoxicity safety assessment. Using a panel of known neurotoxic agents, the authors have shown that the astroglial protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), can serve as one such biomarker of neurotoxicity. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of GFAP has shown this biomarker to be a sensitive and specific indicator of the neurotoxic condition. The implementation of GFAP and related glial biomarkers in neurotoxicity screens may serve as the basis for further development of molecular signatures predictive of adverse effects on the nervous system. JF - Expert opinion on drug safety AU - O'Callaghan, James P AU - Sriram, Krishnan AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. jdo5@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 433 EP - 442 VL - 4 IS - 3 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Humans KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Safety KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Gliosis -- chemically induced KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical -- methods KW - Biomarkers -- analysis KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67899139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Expert+opinion+on+drug+safety&rft.atitle=Glial+fibrillary+acidic+protein+and+related+glial+proteins+as+biomarkers+of+neurotoxicity.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+James+P%3BSriram%2C+Krishnan&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Expert+opinion+on+drug+safety&rft.issn=1744-764X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-14 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Community Partners for Healthy Farming Intervention Research. AN - 67889416; 15931945 AB - The purpose of the Community Partners for Healthy Farming Intervention Research (CPHF-IR) program is to implement and evaluate existing or new interventions for reduction of agriculture-related injuries, hazards, and illnesses. Objectives include the development of active partnerships between experienced researchers, communities, workers, managers, agricultural organizations, agribusinesses, and other stakeholders. Specific intervention projects were selected by the competitive review process in response to a request for proposals. The second series of projects (funded 2000-2003) targeted: improved ergonomics for handling grapes (CA) and for small-scale berry growers (WI, IA, MI, MN), engineering controls (KY, VA, SC) and training (IN) related to tractors, private-sector financial incentives for safety (IA, NE), and reducing eye injuries in Latino farmworkers (IL, MI, FL). Partners have provided their unique resources for accessing the target population, planning, implementation, dissemination, and evaluation. They have produced useful engineering controls, educational and motivational tools, and helped build infrastructure for promoting agricultural health as essential to sustainable agriculture. Additional outcomes have included: increased interest among participants in collaborating in further research, the feasibility of Latino lay health advisors as active partners in research, and the value of process evaluation of a partnership to enhance intervention sustainability. NIOSH is utilizing the model created for Simple Solutions: Ergonomics for Farm Workers, a document related to earlier CPHF-IR projects, for a comparable document for construction in both English and Spanish. This program has confirmed that such partnerships can produce not only sustainable interventions but also products and models with the potential to expand farther geographically than originally anticipated and even into other sectors, e.g., for primary prevention among healthcare workers and adolescents, and to introduce public health in social studies and language classes. JF - Journal of agricultural safety and health AU - Ehlers, J AU - Palermo, T AD - Division of Surveillance, Health Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 3676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA. jehlers@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 193 EP - 203 VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1074-7583, 1074-7583 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Human Engineering KW - Humans KW - Vitis KW - Research KW - Agriculture KW - Agricultural Workers' Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Community-Institutional Relations KW - Safety Management KW - Health Promotion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67889416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+safety+and+health&rft.atitle=Community+Partners+for+Healthy+Farming+Intervention+Research.&rft.au=Ehlers%2C+J%3BPalermo%2C+T&rft.aulast=Ehlers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+safety+and+health&rft.issn=10747583&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dioxin and furan levels found in tampons. AN - 67875859; 15916504 AB - Human exposure to dioxins and furans through diet and other sources has been of concern for many years. One specific concern, related to exposure in women's health, is the possible link to endometriosis. Although there are differences in opinion about this link, the concern from the public is real. Congressional interest has prompted investigations to determine the amounts of dioxins and furans present in feminine hygiene products available within the United States. Tampon samples were analyzed via Gas Chromatography/High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (GC/HRMS) using a Micromass AutoSpec Ultima high resolution mass spectrometer at 10,000 mass resolution. As data were confirmed and quantified using direct isotope dilution, only the 17 2,3,7,8-chlorine-containing dioxin and furan concentrations were calculated from these analyses. A total toxic equivalence (TEQ), using the World Health Organization's toxic equivalency factor (TEF) values, was calculated for each sample. The calculated TEQs for samples were not statistically different from those of the calculated TEQs using the average limit of detection (LOD) values. Data show results similar to those reported by DeVito and Schecter (Environ Health Perspect 2002;110:23) in that most of the dioxins and furans were below the detection limit or estimated detection limits (EDLs). JF - Journal of women's health (2002) AU - Archer, Jeffrey C AU - Mabry-Smith, Ronald AU - Shojaee, Sina AU - Threet, Jimmy AU - Eckert, John J AU - Litman, Vincent E AD - Food and Drug Administration, Arkansas Regional Laboratory, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA. Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 311 EP - 315 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 1540-9996, 1540-9996 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Furans KW - furan KW - UC0XV6A8N9 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Reference Values KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Dioxins -- analysis KW - Women's Health KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Menstrual Hygiene Products -- standards KW - Furans -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67875859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+women%27s+health+%282002%29&rft.atitle=Dioxin+and+furan+levels+found+in+tampons.&rft.au=Archer%2C+Jeffrey+C%3BMabry-Smith%2C+Ronald%3BShojaee%2C+Sina%3BThreet%2C+Jimmy%3BEckert%2C+John+J%3BLitman%2C+Vincent+E&rft.aulast=Archer&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+women%27s+health+%282002%29&rft.issn=15409996&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aspirin use and risk of biliary tract cancer: a population-based study in Shanghai, China. AN - 67833038; 15894693 AB - The association of gallbladder and bile duct cancers with gallstones, cholecystitis, and cholangitis suggest that chronic inflammation contributes to the carcinogenic process. However, the effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as aspirin, on biliary tract cancer has not been well studied. In a population-based case-control study conducted in Shanghai, China, we examined the relationship between aspirin use and the risk of biliary disease. A total of 627 patients with biliary tract cancer, including cancers of the gallbladder (n = 368), extrahepatic bile duct (n = 191), and ampulla of Vater (n = 68); 1,037 patients with biliary stones; and 958 healthy adults were included in the study. Self-reported data on aspirin use was collected from study participants by in-person interview. The prevalence of aspirin use was low, with 5.7% of the population controls being regular users. After controlling for age, sex, education, and biliary stone status, aspirin use was associated with a reduced risk of gallbladder cancer [odds ratio (OR), 0.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.17-0.88]. An inverse relationship was also observed for frequency and duration of use and with younger age when starting use. In addition, there was a nonsignificant reduction in the risk of bile duct (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.19-1.19) and ampullary cancers (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.03-1.65) associated with aspirin use, whereas no clear association was seen with biliary stones (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.59-1.44). Further studies of biliary tract cancer in other populations are needed to confirm these results and to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie the reduced risk associated with use of aspirin and possibly other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. JF - Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology AU - Liu, Enju AU - Sakoda, Lori C AU - Gao, Yu-Tang AU - Rashid, Asif AU - Shen, Ming-Chang AU - Wang, Bing-Sheng AU - Deng, Jie AU - Han, Tian-Quan AU - Zhang, Bai-He AU - Fraumeni, Joseph F AU - Hsing, Ann W AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, 6120 Executive Boulevard, EPS 7058, Bethesda, MD 20892-7234, USA. Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1315 EP - 1318 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 1055-9965, 1055-9965 KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal KW - 0 KW - Aspirin KW - R16CO5Y76E KW - Index Medicus KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Gallstones -- diagnosis KW - Gallstones -- complications KW - Risk Factors KW - China -- epidemiology KW - Adult KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Interviews as Topic KW - Middle Aged KW - Chemoprevention KW - Gallstones -- surgery KW - Female KW - Male KW - Biliary Tract Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- therapeutic use KW - Aspirin -- administration & dosage KW - Aspirin -- therapeutic use KW - Biliary Tract Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Biliary Tract Neoplasms -- complications KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67833038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+epidemiology%2C+biomarkers+%26+prevention+%3A+a+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research%2C+cosponsored+by+the+American+Society+of+Preventive+Oncology&rft.atitle=Aspirin+use+and+risk+of+biliary+tract+cancer%3A+a+population-based+study+in+Shanghai%2C+China.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Enju%3BSakoda%2C+Lori+C%3BGao%2C+Yu-Tang%3BRashid%2C+Asif%3BShen%2C+Ming-Chang%3BWang%2C+Bing-Sheng%3BDeng%2C+Jie%3BHan%2C+Tian-Quan%3BZhang%2C+Bai-He%3BFraumeni%2C+Joseph+F%3BHsing%2C+Ann+W&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Enju&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+epidemiology%2C+biomarkers+%26+prevention+%3A+a+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research%2C+cosponsored+by+the+American+Society+of+Preventive+Oncology&rft.issn=10559965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CYP3A43 Pro(340)Ala polymorphism and prostate cancer risk in African Americans and Caucasians. AN - 67833004; 15894682 AB - The human cytochrome P450 3A subfamily of enzymes is involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones, carcinogens, and many drugs. A cytosine-to-guanine polymorphism in CYP3A43 results in a proline-to-alanine substitution at codon 340. Although the functional significance of this polymorphism is unknown, we postulate that the substitution of proline, an alpha-imino acid, with alanine, an amino acid, could be of biochemical significance. In a case-control study with 490 incident prostate cancer cases (124 African Americans and 358 Caucasians) and 494 controls (167 African Americans and 319 Caucasians), we examined the association between CYP3A43 Pro(340)Ala polymorphism and prostate cancer risk. When all subjects were considered, there was a 3-fold increase in risk of prostate cancer among individuals with the CYP3A43-Ala/Ala genotype (odds ratio, 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-7.2) compared with those with the CYP3A43-Pro/Pro genotype after adjusting for age, race, and smoking. The prevalence of the polymorphism was significantly higher in African Americans than Caucasians (45% versus 13%). In African Americans, there was a 2.6-fold increase in prostate cancer risk among individuals with the CYP3A43-Ala/Ala genotype (odds ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-7.0) compared with those with the CYP3A43-Pro/Pro genotype. Among Caucasians, the small number of homozygotes precluded computing risk estimates; there were only three individuals with the CYP3A43-Ala/Ala genotype. Our results suggest that the CYP3A43-Pro(340)Ala polymorphism contributes to prostate cancer risk. JF - Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology AU - Stone, Angie AU - Ratnasinghe, Luke D AU - Emerson, Ginny L AU - Modali, Rama AU - Lehman, Terri AU - Runnells, Gail AU - Carroll, Alindria AU - Carter, Weleetka AU - Barnhart, Samuel AU - Rasheed, Al A AU - Greene, Graham AU - Johnson, Don E AU - Ambrosone, Christine B AU - Kadlubar, Fred F AU - Lang, Nicholas P AD - Division of Molecular Epidemiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA. Stoneannjanette@uams.edu Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1257 EP - 1261 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 1055-9965, 1055-9965 KW - Proline KW - 9DLQ4CIU6V KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - CYP3A43 protein, human KW - Alanine KW - OF5P57N2ZX KW - Index Medicus KW - Proline -- genetics KW - Genotype KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Odds Ratio KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Incidence KW - Alanine -- genetics KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Arkansas -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Polymorphism, Genetic KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- genetics KW - African Americans -- genetics KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- genetics KW - European Continental Ancestry Group -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67833004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+epidemiology%2C+biomarkers+%26+prevention+%3A+a+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research%2C+cosponsored+by+the+American+Society+of+Preventive+Oncology&rft.atitle=CYP3A43+Pro%28340%29Ala+polymorphism+and+prostate+cancer+risk+in+African+Americans+and+Caucasians.&rft.au=Stone%2C+Angie%3BRatnasinghe%2C+Luke+D%3BEmerson%2C+Ginny+L%3BModali%2C+Rama%3BLehman%2C+Terri%3BRunnells%2C+Gail%3BCarroll%2C+Alindria%3BCarter%2C+Weleetka%3BBarnhart%2C+Samuel%3BRasheed%2C+Al+A%3BGreene%2C+Graham%3BJohnson%2C+Don+E%3BAmbrosone%2C+Christine+B%3BKadlubar%2C+Fred+F%3BLang%2C+Nicholas+P&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Angie&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+epidemiology%2C+biomarkers+%26+prevention+%3A+a+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research%2C+cosponsored+by+the+American+Society+of+Preventive+Oncology&rft.issn=10559965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of filter material on bioaerosol collection of Bacillus subtilis spores used as a Bacillus anthracis simulant. AN - 67804917; 15877169 AB - The objective of this study was to determine filter materials and extraction methods that are appropriate to use for environmental sampling of B. anthracis. Four types of filters were tested: mixed cellulose ester (MCE) with a pore size of 3 microm, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with pore sizes of 1 and 3 microm, and gelatin with a pore size of 3 microm. Bacillus subtilis var. niger endospores (also known as Bacillus globigii[BG]) were used as a surrogate for B. anthracis. Endospores were collected into Button Inhalable Aerosol Samplers with sampling times of 15 minutes, 1 hour, and 4 hours. Physical collection efficiency was determined by measuring upstream and downstream B. subtilis concentrations with an optical particle counter. Vortexing with ultrasonic agitation and vortexing with shaker agitation extraction methods were evaluated. The MCE, 1 microm PTFE, and gelatin filters provided physical collection efficiencies of 94% or greater. The 3 microm PTFE filter showed inconsistent physical efficiency characteristics between filters. Epifluorescence microscopic analysis of the gelatin filter extraction fluid revealed the presence of contamination by non-culturable bacteria. Mean differences for microbial culturability were not statistically significant for filter materials and extraction methods. However, the vortexing with shaker agitation extraction method resulted in higher total microbial counts in the extraction fluids for MCE and 1 microm PTFE filters when compared to vortexing with ultrasonic agitation. In summary, the MCE and 1 microm PTFE filters in combination with vortexing and shaker extraction demonstrated the best performance for the filter collection and extraction of BG spores. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Clark Burton, Nancy AU - Adhikari, Atin AU - Grinshpun, Sergey A AU - Hornung, Richard AU - Reponen, Tiina AD - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA. Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 475 EP - 480 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Polytetrafluoroethylene KW - 9002-84-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Filtration KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Porosity KW - Spores KW - Materials Testing KW - Bacillus anthracis -- isolation & purification KW - Aerosols -- analysis KW - Bacillus subtilis -- isolation & purification KW - Bioterrorism KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67804917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+filter+material+on+bioaerosol+collection+of+Bacillus+subtilis+spores+used+as+a+Bacillus+anthracis+simulant.&rft.au=Clark+Burton%2C+Nancy%3BAdhikari%2C+Atin%3BGrinshpun%2C+Sergey+A%3BHornung%2C+Richard%3BReponen%2C+Tiina&rft.aulast=Clark+Burton&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gliomas and farm pesticide exposure in women: the Upper Midwest Health Study. AN - 67785884; 15866761 AB - An excess incidence of brain cancer in male farmers has been noted in several studies, but few studies have focused on women. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Upper Midwest Health Study evaluated effects of rural exposures for 341 female glioma cases and 528 controls, all adult (18-80 years of age) nonmetropolitan residents of Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. On average, controls lived longer on farms than did cases. After adjusting for age, age group, education, and farm residence, no association with glioma was observed for exposure to arsenicals, benzoic acids, carbamates, chloroacetanilides, dinitroanilines, inorganics, organochlorines, organophosphates, phenoxys, triazines, or urea-based or estrogenic pesticides. An increased risk of glioma was observed for carbamate herbicides but was not statistically significant (odds ratio = 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.9-9.5). No association was observed between glioma and exposure to 12 widely used specific pesticides, after adjustment for age, age group, education, and any other pesticide exposure. These results were not affected after exclusion of proxy respondents (43% of cases, 2% of controls). Women were less likely than men to have applied pesticides, but more likely to have laundered pesticide-contaminated clothes. Storing pesticides in the house was associated with a statistically non-significant increased risk. Results show that exposure to pesticides was not associated with an increased risk of intracranial gliomas in women. Other farm-related factors could be etiologic factors and will be discussed in future reports. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Carreón, Tania AU - Butler, Mary Ann AU - Ruder, Avima M AU - Waters, Martha A AU - Davis-King, Karen E AU - Calvert, Geoffrey M AU - Schulte, Paul A AU - Connally, Barbara AU - Ward, Elizabeth M AU - Sanderson, Wayne T AU - Heineman, Ellen F AU - Mandel, Jack S AU - Morton, Roscoe F AU - Reding, Douglas J AU - Rosenman, Kenneth D AU - Talaska, Glenn AU - Brain Cancer Collaborative Study Group AD - Divion of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA. carreota@ucmail.uc.edu ; Brain Cancer Collaborative Study Group Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 546 EP - 551 VL - 113 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Index Medicus KW - Odds Ratio KW - Rural Population KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Clothing KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Wisconsin -- epidemiology KW - Adult KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Michigan -- epidemiology KW - Minnesota -- epidemiology KW - Agriculture KW - Brain Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Glioma -- etiology KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Glioma -- epidemiology KW - Brain Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67785884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Gliomas+and+farm+pesticide+exposure+in+women%3A+the+Upper+Midwest+Health+Study.&rft.au=Carre%C3%B3n%2C+Tania%3BButler%2C+Mary+Ann%3BRuder%2C+Avima+M%3BWaters%2C+Martha+A%3BDavis-King%2C+Karen+E%3BCalvert%2C+Geoffrey+M%3BSchulte%2C+Paul+A%3BConnally%2C+Barbara%3BWard%2C+Elizabeth+M%3BSanderson%2C+Wayne+T%3BHeineman%2C+Ellen+F%3BMandel%2C+Jack+S%3BMorton%2C+Roscoe+F%3BReding%2C+Douglas+J%3BRosenman%2C+Kenneth+D%3BTalaska%2C+Glenn%3BBrain+Cancer+Collaborative+Study+Group&rft.aulast=Carre%C3%B3n&rft.aufirst=Tania&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=546&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Am J Ind Med. 2002 Oct;42(4):296-308 [12271477] J Occup Environ Med. 2001 Apr;43(4):317-24 [11322092] Am J Ind Med. 2003 Dec;44(6):584-94 [14635235] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004 Oct;13(10):1583-8 [15466973] Br J Ind Med. 1985 Aug;42(8):563-4 [4016009] IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum Suppl. 1987;7:1-440 [3482203] Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Oct;128(4):778-85 [3421243] J Occup Med. 1989 Oct;31(10):863-7 [2607385] Am J Public Health. 1990 Feb;80(2):169-72 [2297060] J Neurosurg. 1990 Nov;73(5):736-42 [2134312] Am J Ind Med. 1990;18(3):285-93 [2220833] Cancer Causes Control. 1990 Nov;1(3):209-15 [2102293] Br J Ind Med. 1992 Apr;49(4):220-5 [1571291] Neuroepidemiology. 1992;11(4-6):267-76 [1337947] J Occup Med. 1994 Nov;36(11):1240-6 [7861269] J Clin Epidemiol. 1994 Jul;47(7):797-807 [7722593] J Occup Environ Med. 1995 Mar;37(3):288-93 [7796195] J Neurol Sci. 1995 Oct;132(2):110-21 [8543934] Epidemiol Rev. 1995;17(2):382-414 [8654518] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Oct;104(10):1084-9 [8930550] Occup Environ Med. 1996 Aug;53(8):526-32 [8983463] Cancer Causes Control. 1997 Jan;8(1):13-24 [9051318] Environ Res. 1997;74(2):133-44 [9339226] Am J Ind Med. 1998 Mar;33(3):247-55 [9481423] Am J Ind Med. 1998 Sep;34(3):252-60 [9698994] Can J Public Health. 1999 Mar-Apr;90(2):138-42 [10349223] Am J Ind Med. 1999 Jul;36(1):70-4 [10361589] J Agric Saf Health. 2002 Feb;8(1):37-50 [12002372] N Engl J Med. 2001 Jan 11;344(2):79-86 [11150357] CMAJ. 2000 Nov 28;163(11):1471-6 [11192656] Cancer Causes Control. 2002 Sep;13(7):647-55 [12296512] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reducing pediatric medication errors: children are especially at risk for medication errors. AN - 67781136; 15867545 JF - The American journal of nursing AU - Hughes, Ronda G AU - Edgerton, Elizabeth A AD - Center for Primary Care, Prevention, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD, USA. rhughes@ahrq.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 79 EP - 80, 82, 85 passim VL - 105 IS - 5 SN - 0002-936X, 0002-936X KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Nursing KW - Medical Records Systems, Computerized KW - Age Factors KW - Clinical Pharmacy Information Systems KW - Humans KW - Body Surface Area KW - Gestational Age KW - Communication KW - Child KW - Safety Management KW - Interprofessional Relations KW - Parents -- psychology KW - Mathematics KW - Body Weight KW - Risk Factors KW - Nurse's Role KW - Adolescent KW - Medication Systems, Hospital KW - Pediatric Nursing -- methods KW - Medication Errors -- nursing KW - Medication Errors -- adverse effects KW - Medication Errors -- prevention & control KW - Medication Errors -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67781136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+nursing&rft.atitle=Reducing+pediatric+medication+errors%3A+children+are+especially+at+risk+for+medication+errors.&rft.au=Hughes%2C+Ronda+G%3BEdgerton%2C+Elizabeth+A&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Ronda&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+nursing&rft.issn=0002936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-20 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HBsAg-negative hepatitis B virus infections in hepatitis C virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. AN - 67778954; 15850475 AB - This study was conducted to evaluate reports that hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA sequences can be found in the serum and/or tumour tissue from some hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who have no detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in their sera. Such HBV infections would be highly atypical, because prospective studies have shown a clear succession of specific serologic markers during and after most HBV infections. As most HBsAg-negative HCC patients in Japan have hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, the present study was conducted to determine whether some of these patients actually have unrecognized HBV infections. Thirty newly diagnosed HCC patients from Kurume, Japan, with antibody to the hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) were studied. None of the 30 had HBsAg detectable in their serum. Of 22 for whom test results for antibodies to the hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) and antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) were available, 14 (64%) had anti-HBc and anti-HBs, four (18%) had anti-HBc alone, and four (18%) had no HBV markers. Nested polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the HBV surface (S), core (C), polymerase (P) and core promoter gene sequences in the HCC tissues and in the adjacent nontumorous liver tissues. HBV DNA was detected in HCC and/or adjacent nontumorous liver in 22 of 30 (73%) patients [detected in both HCC and nontumorous liver in 19/30 patients (63%)]. Among the 22 patients with detectable HBV DNA, more than one HBV gene was detected in 10 (46%). Among the four patients whose sera were negative for all HBV markers, three had HBV DNA in either HCC and nontumorous liver (two cases) or only in the nontumorous liver (one case); HBV DNA could not be detected in tissues from the fourth patient. In 18 of 21 (86%) patients with detectable HBV core promoter sequences, mutations at both nucleotides 1762 (A-GT) and 1764 (G-A) in the core promoter region were found. No deletions were detected in the core promoter gene region of the type reported to be associated with some cases of HBsAg-negative HBV infection. Thus, HBV DNA was detectable in 22 (73%) HBsAg-negative, anti-HCV-positive HCCs, including three (10%) who were also negative for anti-HBc and anti-HBs. HBV mutations at both nucleotides 1762 (A-GT) and 1764 (G-A) in the core promoter region were found in the majority of cases, mutations that have previously been reported in HBV that is integrated in HCC DNA. In serologic surveys to determine etiologic associations of HCC, patients such as those in this study would have been incorrectly designated as having 'HCV-associated HCC,' whereas the data in this study suggest that HBV could have played a role in the development of their HCCs. JF - Journal of viral hepatitis AU - Momosaki, S AU - Nakashima, Y AU - Kojiro, M AU - Tabor, E AD - Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20852-1448, USA. Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 325 EP - 329 VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 1352-0504, 1352-0504 KW - DNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Hepatitis B Surface Antigens KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Comorbidity KW - Risk Assessment KW - Age Distribution KW - Japan -- epidemiology KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Base Sequence KW - DNA, Viral -- analysis KW - Adult KW - Cohort Studies KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Incidence KW - Middle Aged KW - Sex Distribution KW - Female KW - Male KW - Survival Analysis KW - Hepatitis B, Chronic -- epidemiology KW - Hepatitis C, Chronic -- diagnosis KW - Liver Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- diagnosis KW - Hepatitis B Surface Antigens -- analysis KW - Hepatitis C, Chronic -- epidemiology KW - Hepatitis B Surface Antigens -- immunology KW - Hepatitis B, Chronic -- diagnosis KW - Liver Neoplasms -- virology KW - Liver Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- epidemiology KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67778954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+viral+hepatitis&rft.atitle=HBsAg-negative+hepatitis+B+virus+infections+in+hepatitis+C+virus-associated+hepatocellular+carcinoma.&rft.au=Momosaki%2C+S%3BNakashima%2C+Y%3BKojiro%2C+M%3BTabor%2C+E&rft.aulast=Momosaki&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+viral+hepatitis&rft.issn=13520504&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An essential role for phospholipase D in the activation of protein kinase C and degranulation in mast cells. AN - 67768072; 15843515 AB - Activation of phospholipase D (PLD) and protein kinase C (PKC) as well as calcium mobilization are essential signals for degranulation of mast cells. However, the exact role of PLD in degranulation remains undefined. In this study we have tested the hypothesis that the PLD product, phosphatidic acid, and diacylglycerides generated therefrom might promote activation of PKC. Studies were conducted in two rodent mast cell lines that were stimulated with Ag via FcepsilonRI and a pharmacologic agent, thapsigargin. Diversion of production of phosphatidic acid to phosphatidylbutanol (the transphosphatidylation reaction) by addition of l-butanol suppressed both the translocation of diacylglyceride-dependent isoforms of PKC to the membrane and degranulation. Tertiary-butanol, which is not a substrate for the transphosphatidylation, had a minimal effect on PKC translocation and degranulation, and 1-butanol itself had no effect on PKC translocation when PKC was stimulated directly with phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Also, in cells transfected with small inhibitory RNAs directed against PLD1 and PLD2, activation of PLD, generation of diacylglycerides, translocation of PKC, and degranulation were all suppressed. Phorbol ester, which did not stimulate degranulation by itself, restored degranulation when used in combination with thapsigargin whether PLD function was disrupted with 1-butanol or the small inhibitory RNAs. However, degranulation was not restored when cells were costimulated with Ag and phorbol ester. These results suggested that the production of phosphatidic acid by PLD facilitates activation of PKC and, in turn, degranulation, although additional PLD-dependent processes appear to be critical for Ag-mediated degranulation. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Peng, Ze AU - Beaven, Michael A AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/05/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 01 SP - 5201 EP - 5208 VL - 174 IS - 9 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Diglycerides KW - 0 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Isoenzymes KW - Phosphatidic Acids KW - RNA, Small Interfering KW - Thapsigargin KW - 67526-95-8 KW - 1-Butanol KW - 8PJ61P6TS3 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Phospholipase D KW - EC 3.1.4.4 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - 1-Butanol -- pharmacology KW - Phosphatidic Acids -- biosynthesis KW - Animals KW - Phosphatidic Acids -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Protein Transport -- drug effects KW - Diglycerides -- biosynthesis KW - Mice KW - 1-Butanol -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Thapsigargin -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Isoenzymes -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Phosphorylation KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Enzyme Activation -- drug effects KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Small Interfering -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - Drug Synergism KW - Enzyme Activation -- immunology KW - Diglycerides -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Protein Transport -- immunology KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Protein Kinase C -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Mast Cells -- metabolism KW - Phospholipase D -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Mast Cells -- enzymology KW - Phospholipase D -- physiology KW - Mast Cells -- drug effects KW - Cell Degranulation -- immunology KW - Cell Degranulation -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67768072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=An+essential+role+for+phospholipase+D+in+the+activation+of+protein+kinase+C+and+degranulation+in+mast+cells.&rft.au=Peng%2C+Ze%3BBeaven%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Peng&rft.aufirst=Ze&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=5201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hospitalized nonfatal injuries in the Alaskan construction industry. AN - 67761787; 15828070 AB - Construction industry workers are exposed to many hazards leading to fatal and nonfatal injuries. Information for nonfatal work-related injury surveillance may be vague and come from a variety of sources. The Alaska Trauma Registry (ATR) is used as an injury surveillance tool to focus on hospitalized nonfatal injuries in the Alaskan construction industry. During 1991-1999, 717 workers in the Alaskan construction industry were hospitalized due to occupational injuries, with an average annual injury rate of 0.39 injuries/100 workers. Leading causes of injury included falls (48%) and machinery (15%). Thirty-four percent of the falls were from a building or structure, followed by falls from a ladder (24%). A fractured bone was the most common type of injury (57%). Information on hospitalized patients from the ATR focuses on the more severe and debilitating injuries, and provides valuable information for prioritizing injury prevention efforts in Alaska. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American journal of industrial medicine AU - Husberg, Bradley J AU - Fosbroke, David E AU - Conway, George A AU - Mode, Nicolle A AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska 99508, USA. bjh9@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 428 EP - 433 VL - 47 IS - 5 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Index Medicus KW - Registries KW - Humans KW - Alaska -- epidemiology KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Facility Design and Construction KW - Adolescent KW - Construction Materials KW - Male KW - Female KW - Population Surveillance KW - Age Distribution KW - Wounds and Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Industry -- classification KW - Accidents, Occupational -- statistics & numerical data KW - Accidental Falls -- statistics & numerical data KW - Hospitalization -- statistics & numerical data KW - Wounds and Injuries -- ethnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67761787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.atitle=Hospitalized+nonfatal+injuries+in+the+Alaskan+construction+industry.&rft.au=Husberg%2C+Bradley+J%3BFosbroke%2C+David+E%3BConway%2C+George+A%3BMode%2C+Nicolle+A&rft.aulast=Husberg&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hodgkin lymphoma therapy with interleukin-4 receptor-directed cytotoxin in an infiltrating animal model. AN - 67761691; 15626735 AB - Hodgkin lymphoma represents unique clinicopathologic features because Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells produce a variety of cytokines, express a variety of cytokine receptors, and are surrounded by numerous nonmalignant immunoreactive cells. We found that receptors for interleukin-4 (IL-4R) are highly expressed in H-RS cells. To target interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R), we used a recombinant protein fusing circularly permuted human IL-4 and Pseudomonas exotoxin termed IL4(38-37)-PE38KDEL, or IL-4 cytotoxin. The cytotoxic effect of IL-4 cytotoxin on H-RS cell lines was determined to be moderate to high in vitro. We developed an infiltrating model of Hodgkin disease (HD) by injecting an adherent population of HD-MyZ cells subcutaneously into the flanks of beige/nude/X-linked immunodeficient mice. The animal model exhibited spontaneous metastasis of H-RS cells to lymph nodes and dissemination to vital organs, including the lungs. Intraperitoneal or intratumoral treatment of these mice with IL-4 cytotoxin resulted in regression of the primary tumor mass and a decrease in the incidence of lymph node metastasis. Mice injected with HD-MyZ cells demonstrated 203% prolonged survival (mean survival, 63 days) compared with control (mean survival, 31 days) when they received systemic IL-4 cytotoxin treatment. Because numerous H-RS cell lines express receptors for IL-4, IL-4 cytotoxin may be a unique agent for the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma. JF - Blood AU - Kawakami, Mariko AU - Kawakami, Koji AU - Kioi, Mitomu AU - Leland, Pamela AU - Puri, Raj K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Biology, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapeutics, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, NIH Bldg 29B/2E08, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. kawakami-k@umin.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/05/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 01 SP - 3707 EP - 3713 VL - 105 IS - 9 SN - 0006-4971, 0006-4971 KW - Cytotoxins KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Interleukin-4 KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Interleukin-4 KW - 207137-56-2 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Neoplasm Invasiveness KW - Humans KW - Tumor Burden KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Mice KW - Interleukin-4 -- administration & dosage KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Interleukin-4 -- therapeutic use KW - Neoplasms, Experimental KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Survival Rate KW - Cytotoxins -- administration & dosage KW - Cytotoxins -- therapeutic use KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Transplantation, Heterologous KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- therapeutic use KW - Female KW - Hodgkin Disease -- pathology KW - Hodgkin Disease -- drug therapy KW - Drug Delivery Systems -- methods KW - Receptors, Interleukin-4 -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67761691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Blood&rft.atitle=Hodgkin+lymphoma+therapy+with+interleukin-4+receptor-directed+cytotoxin+in+an+infiltrating+animal+model.&rft.au=Kawakami%2C+Mariko%3BKawakami%2C+Koji%3BKioi%2C+Mitomu%3BLeland%2C+Pamela%3BPuri%2C+Raj+K&rft.aulast=Kawakami&rft.aufirst=Mariko&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Blood&rft.issn=00064971&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Int J Cancer. 2000 Jun 1;86(5):718-24 [10797296] Blood. 1999 Oct 15;94(8):2562-8 [10515858] Int J Mol Med. 2000 Nov;6(5):509-14 [11029515] Blood. 2001 Jan 1;97(1):250-5 [11133768] Cancer Res. 2001 Aug 15;61(16):6194-200 [11507072] Cell Immunol. 2001 Jul 10;211(1):37-42 [11585386] Crit Rev Immunol. 2001;21(1-3):299-310 [11642612] Blood. 2002 Jan 15;99(2):618-26 [11781246] Am J Pathol. 2002 Feb;160(2):585-96 [11839579] Int J Cancer. 2002 Apr 1;98(4):567-72 [11920617] FEBS Lett. 2002 May 8;518(1-3):53-9 [11997017] Clin Cancer Res. 2002 Jun;8(6):1779-86 [12060617] Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2002 Aug;3(4):283-90 [12074765] Cancer Res. 2002 Jul 1;62(13):3575-80 [12097255] Blood. 2002 Nov 1;100(9):3101-7 [12384405] Clin Cancer Res. 2002 Nov;8(11):3503-11 [12429641] Science. 2003 Jun 6;300(5625):1527-8 [12791978] J Neurooncol. 2003 Oct;65(1):15-25 [14649882] Cancer Res. 2004 May 1;64(9):3271-5 [15126369] Blood. 1992 Jan 1;79(1):191-7 [1728308] Cancer Res. 1992 Jun 15;52(12):3353-60 [1596893] J Biol Chem. 1992 Jun 15;267(17):11957-63 [1601864] Int J Cancer. 1992 Dec 2;52(6):887-91 [1459730] Hematol Oncol. 1992 Nov-Dec;10(6):319-29 [1296932] J Exp Med. 1993 May 1;177(5):1257-68 [8386741] Hum Pathol. 1993 Oct;24(10):1040-57 [8406414] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jul 19;91(15):6889-93 [8041715] Int J Cancer. 1994 Aug 15;58(4):574-81 [8056454] J Biol Chem. 1995 Apr 14;270(15):8797-804 [7721786] Blood. 1996 Apr 15;87(8):3418-28 [8605360] Blood. 1998 May 15;91(10):3884-91 [9573026] Annu Rev Immunol. 1998;16:471-93 [9597138] Int J Mol Med. 1998 Mar;1(3):551-7 [9852261] J Exp Med. 1999 Jun 21;189(12):1939-46 [10377189] Nat Med. 1999 Jul;5(7):817-22 [10395328] Blood. 1999 Sep 15;94(6):2065-71 [10477736] Blood. 2000 Jun 15;95(12):3909-14 [10845927] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence that IL-13R alpha2 chain in human glioma cells is responsible for the antitumor activity mediated by receptor-directed cytotoxin therapy. AN - 67754493; 15838375 AB - The interleukin-13 receptor alpha2 (IL-13R alpha2) chain is a primary IL-13 binding and internalization component of the IL-13R system. Previous studies have shown that human brain tumors, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), overexpress IL-13R alpha2 chain, while normal brain cells do not express this protein or express very low levels of it. To target IL-13R on brain tumor cells, the authors have developed an IL-13R-directed cytotoxin termed IL13-PE38QQR to induce specific cancer cell killing. To investigate the role of IL-13R alpha2 chain in GBM, cells were treated with antisense oligonucleotide or siRNA to IL-13R alpha2 chain, and cellular IL-13 binding and sensitivity to IL-13 cytotoxin were assessed. IL-13R alpha2 gene interference in GBM cells showed decreased ligand binding, and consequently IL-13 cytotoxin exhibited less cytotoxicity to these cells. The authors next evaluated the antitumor activity of IL-13 cytotoxin in native IL-13R-expressing tumors and after gene transfer of IL-13R alpha2 by injecting plasmid in U87MG tumors subcutaneously implanted in nude mice. These mice were then treated with IL-13 cytotoxin. Mean tumor size in mice receiving intraperitoneal or intratumoral IL-13 cytotoxin was significantly smaller in control tumors; however, tumor sizes were much smaller in IL-13R alpha2-transfected tumors. Furthermore, convection-enhanced delivery of IL-13R alpha2 cDNA in intracranially established U87MG glioma followed by IL-13 cytotoxin administration by the same route mediated tumor regression and prolonged survival of animals by 164% compared with control. These results indicate that IL-13R alpha2 chain in GBM cells is essential for IL-13 cytotoxin-induced cytotoxicity and that IL-13R alpha2 chain plays a critical biologic role in IL-13 cytotoxin-mediated therapy for GBM. JF - Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) AU - Kawakami, Koji AU - Kioi, Mitomu AU - Liu, Qi AU - Kawakami, Mariko AU - Puri, Raj K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Biology, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. PY - 2005 SP - 193 EP - 202 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 1524-9557, 1524-9557 KW - Exotoxins KW - 0 KW - IL13-PE38QQR KW - IL13RA1 protein, human KW - Il13ra1 protein, mouse KW - Immunotoxins KW - Interleukin-13 KW - Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha1 Subunit KW - RNA, Small Interfering KW - Receptors, Interleukin KW - Receptors, Interleukin-13 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays KW - RNA, Small Interfering -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Small Interfering -- genetics KW - Mice KW - RNA Interference KW - Glioma -- drug therapy KW - Brain Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Brain Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Interleukin-13 -- therapeutic use KW - Receptors, Interleukin -- genetics KW - Receptors, Interleukin -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Immunotoxins -- therapeutic use KW - Receptors, Interleukin -- physiology KW - Glioma -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67754493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunotherapy+%28Hagerstown%2C+Md.+%3A+1997%29&rft.atitle=Evidence+that+IL-13R+alpha2+chain+in+human+glioma+cells+is+responsible+for+the+antitumor+activity+mediated+by+receptor-directed+cytotoxin+therapy.&rft.au=Kawakami%2C+Koji%3BKioi%2C+Mitomu%3BLiu%2C+Qi%3BKawakami%2C+Mariko%3BPuri%2C+Raj+K&rft.aulast=Kawakami&rft.aufirst=Koji&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunotherapy+%28Hagerstown%2C+Md.+%3A+1997%29&rft.issn=15249557&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-03 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calorie restriction increases cigarette use in adult smokers. AN - 67723943; 15565433 AB - Cigarette smokers weigh less than nonsmokers, and smokers often gain weight when they quit. This is a major barrier to smoking cessation, especially among women. However, strict dieting is not recommended during smoking cessation out of concern that it might promote relapse. This concern derives, in part, from the observation that calorie restriction increases self-administration of drugs of abuse in animals. This relationship has never been experimentally demonstrated in humans. To evaluate whether calorie restriction increases cigarette smoking in humans. Seventeen (nine males, eight females) healthy, normal-weight smokers not attempting to quit were cycled in partially counterbalanced order, double-blind, through four diets-normal calorie (2,000-2,800 kcal/day), low calorie (700 kcal/day deficit), low-carbohydrate (CHO)/normal-calorie, and low-CHO/low-calorie-for 6 days per diet in an inpatient research ward. Smoking was assessed by cigarette counts, breath carbon monoxide (CO) levels, and cigarette craving. Compared with the normal-calorie diet, while on the low-calorie diet, subjects smoked 8% more cigarettes (P<0.02) and had 11% higher breath CO levels (P<0.01). The low-CHO/normal-calorie diet showed no significant effect on either variable, but there was a 15% increase in breath CO levels (P<0.05) on the low-CHO/low-calorie diet. There were no changes in self-reported cigarette craving or mood. Consistent with animal studies, moderate calorie restriction was associated with a small but statistically significant increase in cigarette smoking, with no independent effect of CHO deprivation. These findings suggest that dieting may increase smoking behavior and could impede smoking-cessation attempts. JF - Psychopharmacology AU - Cheskin, Lawrence J AU - Hess, Judith M AU - Henningfield, Jack AU - Gorelick, David A AD - Department of Health and Human Services, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 430 EP - 436 VL - 179 IS - 2 SN - 0033-3158, 0033-3158 KW - Dietary Carbohydrates KW - 0 KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Index Medicus KW - Affect -- drug effects KW - Affect -- physiology KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Humans KW - Prospective Studies KW - Adult KW - Tobacco Use Disorder -- psychology KW - Carbon Monoxide -- metabolism KW - Diet KW - Female KW - Male KW - Energy Intake -- physiology KW - Smoking -- metabolism KW - Diet, Reducing KW - Smoking -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67723943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Calorie+restriction+increases+cigarette+use+in+adult+smokers.&rft.au=Cheskin%2C+Lawrence+J%3BHess%2C+Judith+M%3BHenningfield%2C+Jack%3BGorelick%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Cheskin&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=430&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology&rft.issn=00333158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A quantitative in vitro fluorescence imaging method for phospholipid loss from respirable mineral particles. AN - 67712572; 15814489 AB - Respirable quartz and kaolin particles were treated with fluorescent-labeled phospholipids to model contact of fibrogenic and nonfibrogenic particles with pulmonary surfactant in the alveolar regions of the lung. Particles were used to challenge rat pulmonary macrophages in vitro at times from 1 d to 10 d. The objective was to develop a quantitative method to track surfactant components that adsorb to respirable particles in the lung or inside cells. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to image and quantify surfactant remaining on particles internalized by cells. Results indicate that the fluorescent label is removed from quartz particles quickly, with the fluorescence intensity less than 15% of initial value at 3 d, and about 5% at 10 d. In contrast, the kaolin particle-associated fluorescence was still approximately 39% of initial intensity at 3 d, and 10-15% at 10 d. Unchallenged cells showed a background of approximately 5%, and noninternalized particles did not exhibit any loss of fluorescence over the 10-d exposure. The results indicate the method may be useful in label-removal rate studies of respirable particles in vitro, with some cautions and limitations. Results are discussed and compared with similar studies using nonimaging techniques. JF - Inhalation toxicology AU - Keane, Michael AU - Wallace, William AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. mjk3@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 287 EP - 292 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Dust KW - Minerals KW - Phospholipids KW - Quartz KW - 14808-60-7 KW - Kaolin KW - 24H4NWX5CO KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- ultrastructure KW - Quartz -- metabolism KW - Kaolin -- metabolism KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Kaolin -- pharmacology KW - Phagocytosis -- physiology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Quartz -- pharmacology KW - Kaolin -- analysis KW - Mining KW - Phagocytosis -- drug effects KW - Quartz -- analysis KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- pathology KW - Inhalation Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence -- methods KW - Phospholipids -- chemistry KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- analysis KW - Particle Size KW - Phospholipids -- metabolism KW - Phospholipids -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- pharmacology KW - Minerals -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67712572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.atitle=A+quantitative+in+vitro+fluorescence+imaging+method+for+phospholipid+loss+from+respirable+mineral+particles.&rft.au=Keane%2C+Michael%3BWallace%2C+William&rft.aulast=Keane&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A survey of private sector respirator use in the United States: an overview of findings. AN - 67712289; 15814381 AB - Limitations of previous surveys of respirator use led the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics to undertake a survey of respirator use and practices among U.S. private sector employers. The survey was mailed to 40,002 private sector establishments in August 2001; the responses were used to develop national estimates. Respirator use was required in 4.5% of establishments and for 3.1% of employees. Of the establishments requiring respirator use, 95% used air-purifying respirators and 17% used air-supplied respirators. Manufacturing; mining (including oil and gas extraction); construction; and agriculture, forestry, and fishing had the highest rates of establishment respirator use. Respirators were used most frequently to protect against dust/mist, paint vapors, and solvents. Large percentages of establishments requiring respirator use had indicators of potentially inadequate respirator programs. Of establishments requiring respirator use, 91% had at least one indicator of a potentially inadequate respiratory protection program, while 54% had at least five indicators. The survey findings suggest that large numbers of employers may not follow NIOSH recommendations and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) requirements for the selection and use of respirators, potentially putting workers at risk. The findings will aid efforts to increase the appropriate use of respirators in the workplace. JF - Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene AU - Doney, Brent C AU - Groce, Dennis W AU - Campbell, Donald L AU - Greskevitch, Mark F AU - Hoffman, William A AU - Middendorf, Paul J AU - Syamlal, Girija AU - Bang, Ki Moon AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. bdoney@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 267 EP - 276 VL - 2 IS - 5 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Health Surveys KW - Workplace KW - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) KW - Industry KW - Respiratory Protective Devices -- utilization KW - Private Sector KW - Occupational Health -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67712289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.atitle=A+survey+of+private+sector+respirator+use+in+the+United+States%3A+an+overview+of+findings.&rft.au=Doney%2C+Brent+C%3BGroce%2C+Dennis+W%3BCampbell%2C+Donald+L%3BGreskevitch%2C+Mark+F%3BHoffman%2C+William+A%3BMiddendorf%2C+Paul+J%3BSyamlal%2C+Girija%3BBang%2C+Ki+Moon&rft.aulast=Doney&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary modulation of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced adrenal toxicity in female Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 67527533; 15778017 AB - In this study, dietary modulation of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced adrenal toxicity in rats was investigated. Beginning at postnatal day (PND) 21, female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either soy-containing NIH-31 diet or soy- and alfalfa-free 5K96 diet. On the first day of diestrus when the animals were PND 50 +/- 5, rats received either an oral dose of 80 mg/kg DMBA or sesame oil, the vehicle, and were sacrificed at 24, 36, or 48 h after treatment. Apoptosis was manifested at 24 and 36 h after DMBA treatment in the zona reticularis (ZR) and the zona fasciculata (ZF) of the adrenal cortex; this was followed by severe hemorrhagic necrosis at 48 h. DMBA-induced apoptosis, evaluated by the TUNEL assay, immunohistochemical analysis of activated caspase 3, and the ratio of expression of pro-apoptotic Bax to anti-apoptotic Bcl2, was greater in rats fed NIH-31 diet relative to rats fed 5K96 diet at 24 h after treatment. Four of six DMBA-treated rats fed 5K96 diet had severe adrenal necrosis by 48 h, whereas this lesion was present in only two of six DMBA-treated rats fed NIH-31 diet. DMBA also caused a significant decrease of serum corticosterone relative to controls at 48 h in rats fed 5K96 diet. The present study indicated that diet modulates DMBA-induced adrenal toxicity in female rats, with increased apoptosis early and reduced necrosis later in rats fed a soy-containing diet. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Fu, Xin AU - Latendresse, John R AU - Muskhelishvili, Levan AU - Blaydes, Betty S AU - Delclos, K Barry AD - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 765 EP - 774 VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Bax protein, rat KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 KW - bcl-2-Associated X Protein KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - 57-97-6 KW - Casp3 protein, rat KW - EC 3.4.22.- KW - Caspase 3 KW - Caspases KW - Corticosterone KW - W980KJ009P KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Adrenal Glands -- metabolism KW - Adrenal Glands -- drug effects KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Adrenal Glands -- pathology KW - Caspases -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - In Situ Nick-End Labeling KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Blotting, Western KW - Necrosis -- chemically induced KW - Corticosterone -- blood KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 -- metabolism KW - Diet KW - Time Factors KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Female KW - Adrenal Cortex -- pathology KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene -- toxicity KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Soy Foods KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Adrenal Cortex -- metabolism KW - Adrenal Cortex -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67527533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Dietary+modulation+of+7%2C12-dimethylbenz%5Ba%5Danthracene+%28DMBA%29-induced+adrenal+toxicity+in+female+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Fu%2C+Xin%3BLatendresse%2C+John+R%3BMuskhelishvili%2C+Levan%3BBlaydes%2C+Betty+S%3BDelclos%2C+K+Barry&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Xin&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-25 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A 3-year prospective follow-up study of implant-supported fixed prostheses in patients subjected to maxillary sinus floor augmentation with a 80:20 mixture of deproteinized bovine bone and autogenous bone Clinical, radiographic and resonance frequency analysis. AN - 67479212; 15741036 AB - The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the 3-year outcome of 30 maxillary sinus floor augmentations with an autogenous bone-deproteinized bovine bone mixture (20:80). A total of 108 dental implants were placed after 6 months of graft healing. After another 6 months, the occlusion was restored with fixed prostheses and followed for 3 years of functional loading. Clinical and radiographic examinations of the sinuses and implants, including computerized tomography (CT) were performed. The stability of the implants was evaluated by means of resonance frequency analyses (RFA). After 3 years of functional loading with fixed bridges, 15 of 108 implants were lost giving a cumulative survival rate (CSR) of 86%. All followed patients, except one, had fixed bridges in function after 3 years of loading. The mean marginal bone loss was 1.3+/-1.1 mm after 3 years. RFA showed a mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) value of 66+/-4.1 after 3 years with no significant difference between implants in grafted and residual bone. Examination with CT showed that 67% of the maxillary sinuses were healthy prior to treatment and 71% after 3 years of loading. It was concluded that grafting of the maxillary sinus with a mixture of autogenous bone and deproteinized bovine bone is a reliable procedure. JF - International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery AU - Hallman, M AU - Sennerby, L AU - Zetterqvist, L AU - Lundgren, S AD - Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Public Health Service, Gävle, Sweden. mats.halman@lg.se Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 273 EP - 280 VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0901-5027, 0901-5027 KW - Bio-Oss KW - 0 KW - Bone Substitutes KW - Dental Implants KW - Minerals KW - Dentistry KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Alveolar Bone Loss -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed KW - Aged KW - Dental Implants -- adverse effects KW - Bone Matrix -- transplantation KW - Bone Transplantation KW - Cattle KW - Prospective Studies KW - Dental Prosthesis Retention KW - Vibration KW - Dental Implantation, Endosseous KW - Denture, Partial, Fixed KW - Middle Aged KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Male KW - Female KW - Maxillary Sinus -- surgery KW - Maxillary Sinus -- diagnostic imaging KW - Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic KW - Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported KW - Dental Restoration Failure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67479212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+oral+and+maxillofacial+surgery&rft.atitle=A+3-year+prospective+follow-up+study+of+implant-supported+fixed+prostheses+in+patients+subjected+to+maxillary+sinus+floor+augmentation+with+a+80%3A20+mixture+of+deproteinized+bovine+bone+and+autogenous+bone+Clinical%2C+radiographic+and+resonance+frequency+analysis.&rft.au=Hallman%2C+M%3BSennerby%2C+L%3BZetterqvist%2C+L%3BLundgren%2C+S&rft.aulast=Hallman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+oral+and+maxillofacial+surgery&rft.issn=09015027&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-10 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Mind over Matter: The Brain's Response to Drugs. Teacher's Guide. Revision. Publication No. 05-3592 AN - 62138917; ED486274 AB - This is the teacher's guide for the "Mind Over Matter" series. This neuroscience education series, developed by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), a component of the National Institutes of Health, is designed to encourage youngsters in grades 5-9 to learn about the biological effects of drug abuse on the body and the brain. The "Mind Over Matter" series includes eight colorful, glossy magazines, each of which is devoted to a specific drug or drug group; including stimulants, hallucinogens, inhalants, marijuana, opiates, nicotine, methamphetamine, and steroids. Each of the magazines describes the effects of specific drugs or drug types on the anatomy and physiology of the brain and the body. These educational materials further elaborate on the way in which these drug-induced changes affect both behaviors and emotions. The background information and lesson plans contained in this guide, when used in combination with the magazines in the series, will promote an understanding of the physical reality of drug use, as well as curiosity about neuroscience. The guide suggests a brain anatomy educational activity that can be used throughout the curriculum, as well as additional activities for each of the six drug topics. Teachers are encouraged to develop their own relevant lesson plans. The following are appended: (1) Resources; (2) Reading List; and (3) Reproducible Figures. (Includes 7 Figures.) Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 62 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teachers KW - Grade 5 KW - Grade 6 KW - Grade 7 KW - Grade 8 KW - Grade 9 KW - Lesson Plans KW - Physiology KW - Human Body KW - Brain KW - Teaching Guides KW - Learning Activities KW - Narcotics KW - Reading Materials KW - Neurology KW - Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62138917?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cautious welcome for FDA pharmacogenomics guidance AN - 222232397; 15877053 JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Katsnelson, Alla Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 510 CY - New York PB - Nature Publishing Group VL - 23 IS - 5 SN - 10870156 KW - Biology KW - United States KW - Clinical Trials as Topic -- standards KW - Clinical Trials as Topic -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Drug Approval -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Pharmacogenetics -- standards KW - Drug Industry -- standards KW - United States Food & Drug Administration KW - Pharmacogenetics -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Drug Industry -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/222232397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthcompleteshell&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Cautious+welcome+for+FDA+pharmacogenomics+guidance&rft.au=Katsnelson%2C+Alla&rft.aulast=Katsnelson&rft.aufirst=Alla&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=510&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnbt0505-510 LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright Nature Publishing Group May 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0505-510 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Ride Safe: Developing a Head Start-Based Program to Increase Child Safety Seat Use Among American Indian Children AN - 20279812; 7626960 AB - Background/Objectives: Motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are the leading cause of death for American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) children. Research shows that use of child safety seats (CSSs) reduces MVC-related mortality, however, AI/AN CSS usage rates are often less than 20% in pre-school aged children. This presentation describes the development of a child passenger safety (CPS) program to increase CSS use among Tribal Head Start families. Methods: Formative evaluation (e.g., focus groups, technical review) was conducted to develop the program, which includes: tailored curriculum for Head Start; community-based CPS educational activities; CPS training; CSS provision; and CSS observational surveys/follow up home visits. Process evaluation activities (e.g., coordinator surveys/interviews) from 2002-present have led to program improvements. Results: Focus groups identified barriers to CSS use (e.g., uncooperative children, CSS availability). Expert technical review informed curriculum and evaluation activity development. Coordinator surveys/interviews during Year I and II identified challenges to program implementation and streamlined educational and evaluation activities. From 2002-2004, 14 Tribal Head Start sites in six states participated in Ride Safe. 41 Head Start Center staff obtained CPS Practitioner/Technician training. Over 1,600 families were reached with CPS educational materials and over 1,100 CSSs have been provided. At the community level, Ride Safe has enhanced CPS coalition development and capacity. Program marketing has resulted in expanded financial support ($150,000) from state/national sources. Conclusions: Adapting an evidence-based effective strategy (CSS use) for Tribal Head Start Centers is an appropriate approach for use in AI/AN communities. Diffusion of this program to other Tribes/Tribal Entities and non-Tribal groups is promising. JF - INJURY AND VIOLENCE IN AMERICA. AU - Allen, C W AU - Kuklinski, D M AU - Letourneau, R J Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 PB - U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Epidemiology Program Office 1600 Clifton Rd. N.E. Atlanta GA 30333 USA, [URL:http://www.cdc.gov] KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Injuries KW - Conferences KW - Training KW - marketing KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Children KW - community involvement KW - Violence KW - Accidents KW - Reviews KW - prevention KW - technicians KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20279812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Health+%26+Safety+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Allen%2C+C+W%3BKuklinski%2C+D+M%3BLetourneau%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Ride+Safe%3A+Developing+a+Head+Start-Based+Program+to+Increase+Child+Safety+Seat+Use+Among+American+Indian+Children&rft.title=Ride+Safe%3A+Developing+a+Head+Start-Based+Program+to+Increase+Child+Safety+Seat+Use+Among+American+Indian+Children&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Trends in Rates of Occupational Homicides, 1993-2002 AN - 20278661; 7626995 AB - Background: Homicide has varied between the second and third leading cause of occupational fatality in the United States during the years 1993-2002. Overall homicide rates in the United States during this same period have demonstrated a significant decline. Methods: Using data from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) and the Current Population Survey (CPS), trends in the rates of occupational homicide were evaluated for the years 1993-2002 by occupation, industry, sex, age, race, and state. Using CFOI, trends in the number of occupational homicides were evaluated for the circumstance, location, and time of the incident. Results: Overall, there was a significant decline in the rates of occupational homicide of approximately 8% per year during this time period; however, this trend was not consistent for all subgroups considered. Taxi cab drivers and chauffeurs demonstrated the greatest decline of all occupational subgroups and this decline was significantly greater than the decline in overall occupational homicide rates. While there was a decline in the rates of occupational homicide for the health services and public administration industries, this decline was not as great as the overall decline in occupational homicide rates. When looking at the circumstance of the homicide, only homicides which were robbery related demonstrated a significant decline. Neither the circumstances of violence by disgruntled customers/clients, disgruntled workers/former workers, nor domestic violence demonstrated a significant decline in the number of occupational homicides during this period. Conclusions: While workplace homicides are declining in the US, the declines are not occurring uniformly across demographic and occupational categories. Future research and prevention efforts should focus on replicating successes and addressing those areas where little or no change has occurred. JF - INJURY AND VIOLENCE IN AMERICA. AU - Hendricks, S AU - Anderson, K AU - Jenkins, L Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 PB - U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Epidemiology Program Office 1600 Clifton Rd. N.E. Atlanta GA 30333 USA, [URL:http://www.cdc.gov] KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - census KW - demography KW - Mortality KW - USA KW - homicide KW - Injuries KW - Conferences KW - Occupational safety KW - prevention KW - domestic violence KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20278661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Health+%26+Safety+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hendricks%2C+S%3BAnderson%2C+K%3BJenkins%2C+L&rft.aulast=Hendricks&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Trends+in+Rates+of+Occupational+Homicides%2C+1993-2002&rft.title=Trends+in+Rates+of+Occupational+Homicides%2C+1993-2002&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Potential of Child Death Review to Address Infant Injury Deaths Previously Diagnosed as SIDS AN - 20277642; 7626923 AB - Background/Objectives: 1. Describe diagnostic shifts and changing perceptions of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) resulting in more sudden unexpected infant deaths classified as injuries 2. Describe results of Child Death Review death scene re-enactments demonstrating death circumstances causing either suffocations or strangulations due to sleep environment 3. Demonstrate nationally increasing trends in infant suffocation deaths occurring while established interventions are hampered by lack of adequate information on death certificates Methods: National vital statistics on infant deaths are used to demonstrate shifts in SIDS and infant injury deaths from 1991 to 2001. Introduction of new classifications for sudden unexpected deaths (SUID or SUDI) in the ICD-10 are investigated as one alternative used by medical examiners and coroners due to dissatisfaction with ambiguity of SIDS diagnoses. Causes of death demonstrated by death scene re-enactments to be asphyxia or suffocations are reviewed for consistency with sleeping circumstances previously attributed to SIDS. Mechanisms of asphyxia and suffocation associated with sleeping positions, sleeping surfaces, and other factors are described. Changes in SUID/SUDI and injury mortality rates since transition to ICD-10 classifications are reviewed. Injury death rates and proportions for 1999-2001 are shown by cause. Results: National infant injury mortality and mortality attributed to sudden unexpected infant death with cause unknown has increased since 1998. Deaths attributed to suffocation account for more than 60% of all unintentional infant injury deaths. Asphyxia or suffocation deaths classified as occurring in cribs or beds represent almost 30% of unintentional deaths with an additional 8% attributed to obstructive and inhalation suffocation. Classification as suffocation, with no other information available, accounts for 12%. Among intentional deaths, suffocation accounts for 18 percent - but the mechanism of death is unavailable for all more than 60% of deaths considered due to abuse, neglect, or assault which may be attributed to inadequate sleep conditions in some cases. Conclusions: Death certificates and vital records lack the specificity needed to support implementation of well-established interventions for sleeping deaths of infants. Circumstances described through Child Death Review teams are needed to supplement existing data systems in order to reduce unexpected infant deaths. JF - INJURY AND VIOLENCE IN AMERICA. AU - Overpeck, MD AU - Bryn, S AU - Sheppard, M AU - Hill, D AU - Covington, T Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 PB - U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Epidemiology Program Office 1600 Clifton Rd. N.E. Atlanta GA 30333 USA, [URL:http://www.cdc.gov] KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Injuries KW - Conferences KW - Perception KW - Reviews KW - intervention KW - prevention KW - Sudis KW - vital statistics KW - Infants KW - sudden infant death syndrome KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20277642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Health+%26+Safety+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Overpeck%2C+MD%3BBryn%2C+S%3BSheppard%2C+M%3BHill%2C+D%3BCovington%2C+T&rft.aulast=Overpeck&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Potential+of+Child+Death+Review+to+Address+Infant+Injury+Deaths+Previously+Diagnosed+as+SIDS&rft.title=Potential+of+Child+Death+Review+to+Address+Infant+Injury+Deaths+Previously+Diagnosed+as+SIDS&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Societal Cost of Workplace Homicides in the United States AN - 20277282; 7626994 AB - Background: The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) reported 8,672 workplace homicide victims between 1992 and 2001. Although rarely calculated for homicides, cost estimates are important for prevention and research efforts. Methods: Societal costs were estimated using the cost-of-illness approach applied to CFOI data. The cost calculation model incorporated medical expenses, wages, and household production losses. Results: Workplace homicides, during the 10-year period, had a total cost of nearly $6.5 billion dollars (1999 dollars) and a mean cost of $800,000. The retail trade industry division had the highest number of homicides (3,637) and total cost $2.1 billion for males and $556,000 for females. Within the occupation division classifications, the highest estimated total cost of work-related homicides was in the technical, sales, and administrative support classification with a total cost of just over $2 billion. Conclusions: The burden on society of workplace homicides measured using the cost-of-illness approach is substantial. These estimates of the cost of work-related homicides can be used to improve occupational injury prevention and control program planning, prioritizing research needs, policy analysis, evaluation of safety and health interventions, and advocacy for a safer work environment. JF - INJURY AND VIOLENCE IN AMERICA. AU - Hartley, D AU - Biddle, E AU - Jenkins, L Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 PB - U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Epidemiology Program Office 1600 Clifton Rd. N.E. Atlanta GA 30333 USA, [URL:http://www.cdc.gov] KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - census KW - USA KW - homicide KW - Injuries KW - Conferences KW - Occupational safety KW - prevention KW - health promotion KW - Violence KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20277282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Health+%26+Safety+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hartley%2C+D%3BBiddle%2C+E%3BJenkins%2C+L&rft.aulast=Hartley&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Societal+Cost+of+Workplace+Homicides+in+the+United+States&rft.title=Societal+Cost+of+Workplace+Homicides+in+the+United+States&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Partial Redirection of Transgenic Human Growth Hormone Secretion from Rat Salivary Glands AN - 17886909; 6258662 AB - Regulated secretory pathway proteins, when delivered as transgenes to salivary glands, are secreted pre-dominantly into saliva. This is not useful for those proteins whose therapeutic function is required systemically, for example, human growth hormone (hGH). One strategy to improve the efficiency of hGH secretion into the bloodstream involves manipulation of existing sorting signals. The C terminus of hGH is highly conserved and contains a domain similar to the regulated pathway sorting domain of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). We hypothesized that, similar to POMC, mutation of this domain would divert hGH secretion from the regulated to the constitutive pathway, which in salivary glands leads to the bloodstream. Several mutations were made in the C terminus of the hGH cDNA and tested in vitro. One biologically active mutant containing E174A and E186A substitutions, and with an included C-terminal extension, was studied in greater detail. Compared with wild-type hGH, we found that this mutant hGH accumulated in the Golgi/trans-Golgi network and showed increased basal secretion in AtT20 cells, a model endocrine cell line. Importantly, in vivo, the mutant hGH displayed a relative increase in the proportion of constitutive pathway secretion seen from rat salivary glands, with a significantly lower saliva-versus-serum secretion ratio (p = 0.03). Although this mutant is unlikely to be therapeutically beneficial, these results suggest that the final destination of a transgenic secretory protein may be controlled by reengineering its sorting determinants. JF - Human Gene Therapy AU - Wang, J AU - Cawley, N X AU - Voutetakis, A AU - Rodriguez, Y M AU - Goldsmith, C M AU - Nieman, L K AU - Hoque, ATMS AU - Frank, S J AU - Snell, C R AU - Loh, Y P AU - Baum, B J AD - Gene Therapy and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Building 10, Room 1N113, MSC-1190, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, bbaum@dir.nidcr.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 571 EP - 583 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 1043-0342, 1043-0342 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Golgi apparatus KW - Growth hormone KW - Gene therapy KW - Proopiomelanocortin KW - Secretion KW - Animal models KW - Cell culture KW - Salivary gland KW - Saliva KW - Mutation KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33180:Gene based (protocols, clinical trials, and animal models) KW - W4 120:Genetic Engineering in Medicine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17886909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Gene+Therapy&rft.atitle=Partial+Redirection+of+Transgenic+Human+Growth+Hormone+Secretion+from+Rat+Salivary+Glands&rft.au=Wang%2C+J%3BCawley%2C+N+X%3BVoutetakis%2C+A%3BRodriguez%2C+Y+M%3BGoldsmith%2C+C+M%3BNieman%2C+L+K%3BHoque%2C+ATMS%3BFrank%2C+S+J%3BSnell%2C+C+R%3BLoh%2C+Y+P%3BBaum%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+Gene+Therapy&rft.issn=10430342&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth hormone; Secretion; Salivary gland; Proopiomelanocortin; Mutation; Animal models; Saliva; Cell culture; Golgi apparatus; Gene therapy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the Safety of New Vaccines: Summary of a Workshop AN - 17873748; 6268050 AB - Public concerns about the safety of vaccines arise on a regular basis. In November 2000, a workshop titled "Evaluation of New Vaccines: How Much Safety Data?" was convened by US Public Health Service agencies, including the Food and Drug Administration, the National Institutes of Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Health Resources and Services Administration, to discuss appropriate methods for evaluating the safety of new vaccines. Workshop presentations addressed the current standards and approaches for new vaccine evaluation and postlicensure surveillance, as well as public views about vaccine safety and alternative approaches that could be considered. The advantages and disadvantages of conducting large controlled trials before licensure or widespread use of a new vaccine were discussed. We summarize these presentations and discussions. JF - American Journal of Public Health AU - Ellenberg, Susan S AU - Foulkes, Mary A AU - Midthun, Karen AU - Goldenthal, Karen L AD - Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 800 EP - 807 PB - American Public Health Association, 1015 15th St., N.W. Washington DC 20005 USA VL - 95 IS - 5 SN - 0090-0036, 0090-0036 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - vaccines KW - Conferences KW - disease control KW - clinical trials KW - Public health KW - prevention KW - Side effects KW - Public concern KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17873748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+Safety+of+New+Vaccines%3A+Summary+of+a+Workshop&rft.au=Ellenberg%2C+Susan+S%3BFoulkes%2C+Mary+A%3BMidthun%2C+Karen%3BGoldenthal%2C+Karen+L&rft.aulast=Ellenberg&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=800&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.issn=00900036&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - vaccines; Public health; clinical trials; disease control; prevention; Public concern; Side effects; Conferences ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupation and risk of stomach cancer in Poland AN - 17847159; 6246602 AB - BACKGROUND: In spite of the dramatic decline in the incidence of stomach cancer in the twentieth century, Poland has one of the highest rates in the world. AIMS: To evaluate the risk of stomach cancer by grouped occupations and industries, as well as by some specific occupational exposures. METHODS: Cases (n = 443) were newly diagnosed with stomach adenocarcinomas between 1994 and 1996. Controls (n = 479) were randomly selected from the general population in Warsaw. RESULTS: Only a few occupations and industries were associated with significantly increased risks of stomach cancer. The most suggestive finding was for work in the leather goods industry. Risk was also significantly increased among men working in fabricated metal production and among women ever employed as managers and governmental officials. Men ever employed as teaching professionals and women employed as technical and science professionals had significantly decreased risks of stomach cancer. Among men, a significant positive trend in risk with duration of employment was observed for work in the leather industry and special trade construction. No significantly increased risks were observed for specific exposures assessed by a job-exposure matrix or by self-reports. However among men there were non-significantly increased risks with 10 or more years exposure to asbestos, metal dust, and nitrosamines assessed by a job-exposure matrix. CONCLUSIONS: Employment in the leather goods industry, special trade construction, and metal fabrication was associated with an increased risk of stomach cancer among men. However, there were only weak associations with specific exposures. Occupational exposures do not contribute substantially to the high rates of stomach cancer in Poland. JF - Occupational and Environmental Medicine AU - Krstev, S AU - Dosemeci, M AU - Lissowska, J AU - Chow, W-H AU - Zatonski, W AU - Ward, M H AD - Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 318 EP - 324 PB - B M J Publishing Group, B.M.A. House Tavistock Sq. London WC1H 9JR UK VL - 62 IS - 5 SN - 1351-0711, 1351-0711 KW - stomach KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Dust KW - Nitrosamines KW - Construction industry KW - Occupational exposure KW - Metals KW - Asbestos KW - Cancer KW - Poland KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17847159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=Occupation+and+risk+of+stomach+cancer+in+Poland&rft.au=Krstev%2C+S%3BDosemeci%2C+M%3BLissowska%2C+J%3BChow%2C+W-H%3BZatonski%2C+W%3BWard%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Krstev&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.issn=13510711&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poland; Cancer; Occupational exposure; Metals; Dust; Nitrosamines; Construction industry; Asbestos ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicological Research Involving Humans: Ethical and Regulatory Considerations AN - 17846906; 6246886 JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Schwetz, Bernard A AU - Lehman-McKeeman, Lois AU - Birnbaum, Linda S AD - Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Public Health and Science, Office for Human Research Protection, Rockville, Maryland 20852 Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 419 EP - 421 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 85 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Ethics KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17846906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Toxicological+Research+Involving+Humans%3A+Ethical+and+Regulatory+Considerations&rft.au=Schwetz%2C+Bernard+A%3BLehman-McKeeman%2C+Lois%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda+S&rft.aulast=Schwetz&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=419&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ethics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Considerations for development of whole cell bacterial vaccines to prevent diarrheal diseases in children in developing countries AN - 17661431; 6446284 AB - Enteric pathogens constitute a major pediatric threat in the developing world through their impact on morbidity and mortality, physical and cognitive development and cause and effect relationship with malnutrition. Although many bacterial pathogens can cause diarrheal diseases, a group of less than 10 including Shigella spp. enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Vibrio cholerae, and possibly, Campylobacter jejuni account for a significant percentage of these diseases in developing countries. Rotavirus is also a major cause of diarrheal diseases. Vaccines against these agents offer a potentially effective control measure against these diseases, but safe, practical, and effective vaccines for many of these agents have yet to be realized. Many vaccine development approaches are under investigation, but the one that is currently most advanced and that has been most widely applied to enteric pathogens is the use of orally administered live or killed whole pathogen preparations. If inactivated, these vaccines will probably be administered as multiple doses with approximately 10 super(10) to 10 super(11) total particles per dose, but they are relatively safe for oral administration. Further, they may not require a buffer for delivery and can be stored in liquid formulations. Fewer doses may be required for some live attenuated pathogen vaccines, but a buffer will most likely be required for oral delivery and the product must be stored in a dried formulation. Also, safety becomes more of a concern with live pathogens depending on the degree of attenuation, host immunocompetence, and the total number and kinds of attenuated pathogens which may be present in a combined agent vaccine. Both live and killed whole pathogen vaccines can be immunogenic and have the possibility to serve as vectors for other antigens. Although many organisms and serotypes are clinically important, by exploiting antigenic cross reactivity and using some pathogen components as vectors for cloned antigens of other pathogens, it could be possible to induce immunity against major enteric pathogens/serotypes with <10 whole pathogen components in a multi-agent vaccine. Safe and effective mucosal adjuvants may in the future be useful in whole pathogen vaccines, but they do not seem to be essential for immunization. Further, dietary supplements such as zinc, mixed routes of delivery and new regimens are under study which may in the future enhance further the effectiveness of the whole pathogen vaccines which now seem realizable in the near term. For this to happen, however, a coordinated and committed effort is necessary now to address the immunologic, regulatory, manufacturing, testing and implementation issues which will be involved in the realization of this important product to benefit children's health worldwide. JF - Vaccine AU - Walker, R I AD - Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 1401 Rockville Pike (HFM-425), Rockville, MD 20851-1448, USA, walkerri@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 3369 EP - 3385 PB - Butterworth-Heinemann, 313 Washington St. Newton MA 02158 USA VL - 23 IS - 26 SN - 0264-410X, 0264-410X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17661431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=Considerations+for+development+of+whole+cell+bacterial+vaccines+to+prevent+diarrheal+diseases+in+children+in+developing+countries&rft.au=Walker%2C+R+I&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=26&rft.spage=3369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2004.12.029 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.12.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular characterization of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates AN - 17651904; 6448011 AB - Ninety-five avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates recovered from diagnosed cases of avian colibacillosis from North Georgia between 1996 and 2000 were serotyped and examined for typical virulence-factors, susceptibility to antimicrobials of human and veterinary significance, and genetic relatedness. Twenty different serotypes were identified, with O78 being the most common (12%). The majority of the avian E. coli isolates (60%), however, were non-typeable with standard O antisera. Eighty-four percent of isolates were PCR positive for the temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin (tsh) gene and 86% positive for the increased serum survival (iss) gene. Multiple antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes (3 antimicrobials) were observed in 92% of E. coli isolates, with the majority of isolates displaying resistance to sulfamethoxazole (93%), tetracycline (87%), streptomycin (86%), gentamicin (69%), and nalidixic acid (59%). Fifty-six E. coli isolates displaying resistance to nalidixic acid were co-resistant to difloxacin (57%), enrofloxacin (16%), gatifloxacin (2%), and levofloxacin (2%). DNA sequencing revealed point mutations in gyrA (Ser83-Leu, Asp87-Tyr, Asp87-Gly, Asp87-Ala), gyrB (Glu466-Asp, Asp426-Thr), and parC (Ser80-Ile, Ser80-Arg). No mutations were observed in parE. Twelve of the quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates were tolerant to cyclohexane, a marker for upregulation of the acrAB multi-drug resistance efflux pump. Quinolone-resistant isolates were further genetically characterized via ribotyping. Twenty-two distinct ribogroups were identified, with 61% of isolates clustering into four major ribogroups, indicating that quinolone resistance has emerged among multiple avian pathogenic E. coli serogroups and chromosomal backgrounds. JF - Veterinary Microbiology AU - Zhao, S AU - Maurer, J J AU - Hubert, S AU - De Villena, JF AU - McDermott, P F AU - Meng, J AU - Ayers, S AU - English, L AU - White, D G AD - Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA, David.White@fda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 215 EP - 224 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 107 IS - 3-4 SN - 0378-1135, 0378-1135 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02795:Antibiotic resistance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17651904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Antimicrobial+susceptibility+and+molecular+characterization+of+avian+pathogenic+Escherichia+coli+isolates&rft.au=Zhao%2C+S%3BMaurer%2C+J+J%3BHubert%2C+S%3BDe+Villena%2C+JF%3BMcDermott%2C+P+F%3BMeng%2C+J%3BAyers%2C+S%3BEnglish%2C+L%3BWhite%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+Microbiology&rft.issn=03781135&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vetmic.2005.01.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.01.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in Adherence to a Revised Risk Management Program Designed to Decrease or Eliminate Isotretinoin-Exposed Pregnancies: Evaluation of the Accutane SMART Program AN - 17574099; 6265859 AB - OBJECTIVE: To review adherence to selected procedures outlined in the System to Manage Accutane-Related Teratogenicity (SMART) program during the first year of implementation vs the procedures in effect in the year prior to initiation of the SMART program. DESIGN: Observational. SETTING: A novel pharmacy compliance survey and an ongoing, voluntary survey. PATIENTS: Female recipients of isotretinoin. INTERVENTION: In April 2002, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc, Nutley, NJ, manufacturer of Accutane brand isotretinoin and at that time the sole source of isotretinoin, revised earlier guidelines and instituted the SMART risk management program, which included the use of qualification stickers to affix to all prescriptions for Accutane to indicate, among other things, a negative pregnancy test just before the prescription was written. The goal of the SMART program was to decrease or eliminate isotretinoin-exposed pregnancies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Use and completion of prescription qualification stickers; changes in pretherapy pregnancy testing and birth control use. RESULTS: The results of the pharmacy compliance survey indicated high (>90%) use of prescription qualification stickers. Results of the patient survey suggested that 9% of prescription qualification stickers within the observed user cohort were issued without a pregnancy test. Furthermore, the pregnancy rate for patients participating in the survey was similar to that reported for cohorts recruited before the SMART program. CONCLUSIONS: The usefulness of the results derived from 2 surveys designed to evaluate the SMART program is limited by the lack of reliability and validity of the survey instruments and by questionable generalizability to all female recipients of isotretinoin. The presence of a qualification sticker may not have an impact on pregnancy testing or compliance with effective birth control behavior as outlined in the SMART program. JF - Archives of Dermatology AU - Brinker, Allen AU - Kornegay, Cynthia AU - Nourjah, Parivash AD - Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Drug Safety, Rockville, Md Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 563 EP - 569 PB - American Medical Association, 515 N. State St. Chicago IL 60610 USA VL - 141 IS - 5 SN - 0003-987X, 0003-987X KW - isotretinoin KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Compliance KW - Pregnancy KW - Reviews KW - Teratogenicity KW - Side effects KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17574099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Trends+in+Adherence+to+a+Revised+Risk+Management+Program+Designed+to+Decrease+or+Eliminate+Isotretinoin-Exposed+Pregnancies%3A+Evaluation+of+the+Accutane+SMART+Program&rft.au=Brinker%2C+Allen%3BKornegay%2C+Cynthia%3BNourjah%2C+Parivash&rft.aulast=Brinker&rft.aufirst=Allen&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=563&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Dermatology&rft.issn=0003987X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pregnancy; Compliance; Reviews; Teratogenicity; Side effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Palm of the human hand AN - 17571316; 6242492 AB - A comprehensive understanding of the complex biodynamic response of the human fingers-hand-arm system may help researchers determine the causation of injuries arising from hand-transmitted vibration. This study theoretically demonstrates that the mechanical impedance (MI) in a hand power grip, as a measure of the biodynamic response of the system, can be divided into finger MI and palm MI. A methodology is developed to measure them separately and to investigate their distribution characteristics. This study involves 6 adult male subjects, constant-velocity sinusoidal excitations at 10 different discrete frequencies (16, 25, 40, 63, 100, 160, 250, 400, 630, 1000 Hz), and three different hand-handle coupling conditions. Our results suggest that at low frequencies (<=40 Hz), the palm MI is substantially higher than the finger MI; the majority of the hand MI remains distributed at the palm up to 100 Hz; and at frequencies higher than 160 Hz, the finger MI is comparable to or higher than the palm MI. Furthermore, at frequencies equal to or above 100 Hz, the finger MI is practically independent of the palm-handle coupling conditions. Knowledge of the MI distribution pattern may increase the understanding of vibration transmission to the hand and aid in the development of effective isolation devices. JF - Journal of Biomechanics AU - Dong, R G AU - Wu, J Z AU - McDowell, T W AU - Welcome, DE AU - Schopper, A W AD - Engineering and Control Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, MS 2201, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA, rkd6@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1165 EP - 1175 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0021-9290, 0021-9290 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Hands KW - Fingers KW - Injuries KW - Power KW - Vibration KW - Velocity KW - Adults KW - Arms KW - Knowledge KW - PE 100:Kinesiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17571316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomechanics&rft.atitle=Palm+of+the+human+hand&rft.au=Dong%2C+R+G%3BWu%2C+J+Z%3BMcDowell%2C+T+W%3BWelcome%2C+DE%3BSchopper%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomechanics&rft.issn=00219290&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jbiomech.2004.05.021 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fingers; Hands; Vibration; Knowledge; Velocity; Arms; Adults; Power; Injuries DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.05.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fungal biotransformation of benzo[f]quinoline, benzo[h]quinoline, and phenanthridine AN - 17511599; 6400838 AB - Cultures of Umbelopsis ramanniana (=Mucor ramannianus) were grown in fluid Sabouraud medium for 3 days, dosed with 0.23 mM benzo[f]quinoline, benzo[h]quinoline, or phenanthridine (benzo[c]quinoline), and incubated for another 18 days. Cultures were extracted and metabolites (66-75% of the UV absorbance) were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. They were identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Benzo[f]quinoline was metabolized to benzo[f]quinoline trans-7,8-dihydrodiol, benzo[f]quinoline N-oxide, and 7-hydroxybenzo[f]quinoline, benzo[h]quinoline was metabolized to benzo[h]quinoline trans-5,6-dihydrodiol, benzo[h]quinoline trans-7,8-dihydrodiol, and 7-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline, and phenanthridine was metabolized to phenanthridine N-oxide and phenanthridin-6(5H)-one. At least one of the metabolites produced from each compound was mutagenic and could not be considered detoxified. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Sutherland, John B AU - Cross, ELynn AU - Heinze, Thomas M AU - Freeman, James P AU - Moody, Joanna D AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, john.sutherland@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 405 EP - 411 PB - Springer-Verlag (Berlin) VL - 67 IS - 3 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - phenanthridine KW - N-Oxides KW - biotransformation KW - Metabolites KW - N.M.R. KW - Absorbance KW - Spectroscopy KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - A 01063:Utilization KW - K 03098:Spoilage & biodegradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17511599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Fungal+biotransformation+of+benzo%5Bf%5Dquinoline%2C+benzo%5Bh%5Dquinoline%2C+and+phenanthridine&rft.au=Sutherland%2C+John+B%3BCross%2C+ELynn%3BHeinze%2C+Thomas+M%3BFreeman%2C+James+P%3BMoody%2C+Joanna+D&rft.aulast=Sutherland&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00253-004-1738-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - High-performance liquid chromatography; phenanthridine; biotransformation; N-Oxides; N.M.R.; Metabolites; Absorbance; Spectroscopy; Mass spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-004-1738-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Fatty Acid Profiles to Identify Food-Borne Bacterial Pathogens and Aerobic Endospore-Forming Bacilli AN - 17503730; 6394397 AB - Capillary gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detection was used to determine the cellular fatty acid profiles of various food-borne microbial pathogens and to compare the fatty acid profiles of spores and vegetative cells of the same endospore-forming bacilli. Fifteen bacteria, representing eight genera (Staphylococcus, Listeria, Bacillus, Yersinia, Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia, and Vibrio) and 11 species were used to compare the extracted fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). Endospore-forming bacilli were processed to obtain pure spores and whole cell FAMEs for GC analysis. A data set for each bacterial agent was prepared using fatty acid profiles from five replicates prepared on different days. The results showed that these fatty acid intensity profiles were unique for each of the 11 species and that they could be used as a fingerprint for the organisms. The cellular fatty acid profiles for Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus show that there are two branched chain fatty acids, iso 17:1 omega 10c and 17:1 anteiso, which are unique in these species. Iso 17:1 omega 10c is present in B. cereus vegetative cells and spores but is not observed in B. anthracis. The 17:1 anteiso fatty acid is present in B. anthracis cells but not in B. cereus cells. Fatty acids 16:0 2OH and 17:0 iso 3OH are present in B. anthracis and B. cereus spores but not in the vegetative cells. In summary, analysis of FAMEs from bacteria and spores can provide a sensitive procedure for the identification of food-borne pathogens. JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Whittaker, P AU - Fry, F S AU - Curtis, S K AU - Al-Khaldi, S F AU - Mossoba, M M AU - Yurawecz, M P AU - Dunkel, V C AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD 20740-3835, USA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 3735 EP - 3742 VL - 53 IS - 9 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Bacilli KW - Data processing KW - Lymphocytes B KW - Food KW - Staphylococcus KW - Bacillus cereus KW - Shigella KW - Pathogens KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Yersinia KW - Vegetative cells KW - Listeria KW - Vibrio KW - Gas chromatography KW - Fatty acids KW - fatty acid methyl esters KW - Escherichia KW - Spores KW - Bacillus KW - Salmonella KW - Ionization KW - A 01017:Human foods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17503730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+Fatty+Acid+Profiles+to+Identify+Food-Borne+Bacterial+Pathogens+and+Aerobic+Endospore-Forming+Bacilli&rft.au=Whittaker%2C+P%3BFry%2C+F+S%3BCurtis%2C+S+K%3BAl-Khaldi%2C+S+F%3BMossoba%2C+M+M%3BYurawecz%2C+M+P%3BDunkel%2C+V+C&rft.aulast=Whittaker&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3735&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf040458a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacilli; Data processing; Gas chromatography; Lymphocytes B; Food; fatty acid methyl esters; Fatty acids; Pathogens; Spores; Ionization; Vegetative cells; Vibrio; Staphylococcus; Bacillus cereus; Shigella; Escherichia; Bacillus anthracis; Yersinia; Salmonella; Bacillus; Listeria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf040458a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Correlation Study of Organochlorine Levels in Serum, Breast Adipose Tissue, and Gluteal Adipose Tissue among Breast Cancer Cases in India AN - 17494031; 6269818 AB - We used data from a breast cancer pilot study carried out in Kerala, India in 1997, for which organochlorine levels were measured in three biological media, blood serum, breast adipose tissue, and gluteal adipose tissue, of 37 fasting breast cancer cases (pretreatment). Our objective was to investigate the relationships between organochlorine concentrations in different biological media. Gas-liquid chromatography determined serum, breast adipose, and gluteal adipose tissue levels of dichlorodiphenyltricholorethane, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, beta -benzene hexachloride, and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, PCB-153 and PCB-180. Correlation plots were made and Spearman correlation coefficients (r) calculated for breast adipose tissue versus serum, gluteal adipose tissue versus serum, and breast adipose versus gluteal adipose tissue. We also examined paired ratios of all summary statistics. There were strong correlations among serum, breast adipose tissue, and gluteal adipose tissue concentrations for most organochlorines analyzed, one exception being gluteal versus serum for PCB-153. The correlations for all other comparisons ranged from r = 0.65 to 0.94. Serum (ng/g) versus adipose ratios approached 1:1 for most of the organochlorine pesticide comparisons and did not vary by summary statistic. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use three different media from fasting subjects and to comprehensively investigate the relationship between organochlorines measured across the three media for both organochlorine pesticides and PCBs. These data indicate that blood serum reflects the present body burden of a range of organochlorines to the same extent as adipose tissue, and they support the view that serum may be collected in lieu of adipose tissue to obtain similar information. However, such measurements are a combination of both recent exposures and past exposures, which have metabolized slowly and may still persist. Therefore, investigators should use caution when assigning a level as lifetime body burden. JF - Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention AU - Rusiecki, Jennifer A AU - Matthews, Aleyama AU - Sturgeon, Susan AU - Sinha, Rashmi AU - Pellizzari, Edo AU - Zheng, Tongzhang AU - Baris, Dalsu AD - Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology and Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, Maryland Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1113 EP - 1124 PB - American Association for Cancer Research, 615 Chestnut St., 17th Floor Philadelphia PA 19106-4404 USA, [URL:http://www.aacr.org/] VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 1055-9965, 1055-9965 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Organochlorine compounds KW - Chromatography KW - Statistical analysis KW - Pesticides (organochlorine) KW - Fasting KW - biomarkers KW - Blood KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Congeners KW - Breast cancer KW - Adipose tissue KW - PCB KW - X 24133:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17494031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Epidemiology%2C+Biomarkers+%26+Prevention&rft.atitle=A+Correlation+Study+of+Organochlorine+Levels+in+Serum%2C+Breast+Adipose+Tissue%2C+and+Gluteal+Adipose+Tissue+among+Breast+Cancer+Cases+in+India&rft.au=Rusiecki%2C+Jennifer+A%3BMatthews%2C+Aleyama%3BSturgeon%2C+Susan%3BSinha%2C+Rashmi%3BPellizzari%2C+Edo%3BZheng%2C+Tongzhang%3BBaris%2C+Dalsu&rft.aulast=Rusiecki&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Epidemiology%2C+Biomarkers+%26+Prevention&rft.issn=10559965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adipose tissue; Organochlorine compounds; PCB; Breast cancer; polychlorinated biphenyls; Statistical analysis; Blood; Pesticides (organochlorine); Fasting; Congeners; biomarkers; Chromatography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of total diet study foods for gamma-ray emitting radionuclides AN - 17446372; 6642749 AB - Foods collected for radionuclide analysis under the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) Total Diet Study (TDS) Program were analyzed by the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) as quality assurance (QA) for analyses performed at FDA's Winchester Engineering and Analytical Center (WEAC). 200-ml QA portions were analyzed for gamma-ray emitting fission products and naturally occurring radionuclides. Efficiency, pileup correction, absorption effects, and accuracy were determined by analyzing a variety of certified reference materials and KNO3 and KCl solutions. 40K results agreed well with those from WEAC and with total K results from other techniques. Count times as low as 2 minutes were sufficient to confirm that radioactivity concentrations were below regulatory limits. JF - Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry AU - Cunningham, W C AD - Elemental Research Branch (HFS-338), U. S. Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD, USA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 371 EP - 376 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 264 IS - 2 SN - 0236-5731, 0236-5731 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Diets KW - USA KW - Government regulations KW - Radioisotopes KW - FDA KW - Gamma radiation KW - Food contamination KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17446372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+total+diet+study+foods+for+gamma-ray+emitting+radionuclides&rft.au=Cunningham%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=264&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.issn=02365731&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10967-005-0723-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Government regulations; FDA; Radioisotopes; Gamma radiation; Food contamination; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-005-0723-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time Course of Gene Expression of Inflammatory Mediators in Rat Lung after Diesel Exhaust Particle Exposure AN - 17420282; 6566821 AB - Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) at three concentrations (5, 35, and 50 mg/kg body weight) were instilled into rats intratracheally. We studied gene expression at 1, 7, and 30 days postexposure in cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and in lung tissue. Using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we measured the mRNA levels of eight genes [interleukin (IL)-1 beta , IL-6, IL-10, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase), MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), MIP-2 (macrophage inflammatory protein-2), TGF- beta 1 (transforming growth factor- beta 1), and TNF- alpha (tumor necrosis factor- alpha )] in BAL cells and four genes [IL-6, ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1), GM-CSF (granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor), and RANTES (regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted)] in lung tissue. In BAL cells on day 1, high-dose exposure induced a significant up-regulation of IL-I beta , iNOS, MCP-1, and MIP-2 but no change in IL-6, IL-IO, TGF- beta 1, and TNF- alpha mRNA levels. There was no change in the mRNA levels of IL-6, RANTES, ICAM-1, and GM-CSF in lung tissue. Nitric oxide production and levels of MCP-1 and MIP-2 were increased in the 24-hr culture media of alveolar macrophages (AMs) obtained on day 1. IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-2 levels were also elevated in the BAL fluid. BAL fluid also showed increases in albumin and lactate dehydrogenase. The cellular content in BAL fluid increased at all doses and at all time periods, mainly due to an increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In vitro studies in AMs and cultured lung fibroblasts showed that lung fibroblasts are a significant source of IL-6 and MCP-1 in the lung. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rao, KMK AU - Ma, JYC AU - Meighan, T AU - Barger, M W AU - Pack, D AU - Vallyathan, V AD - M/S 2015, PPRB/HELD/NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd., Morgantown, WV 26505, USA, mir8@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 612 EP - 617 VL - 113 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Interleukin 6 KW - Macrophages KW - Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear) KW - Interleukin 10 KW - Cell activation KW - Fibroblasts KW - Gene expression KW - Bronchus KW - Body weight KW - intercellular adhesion molecule 1 KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Media (culture) KW - Transforming growth factor- beta 1 KW - Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 KW - Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor KW - RANTES KW - Alveoli KW - L-Lactate dehydrogenase KW - Inflammation KW - Exhausts KW - Nitric-oxide synthase KW - Leukocytes (granulocytic) KW - Lung KW - Albumin KW - Diesel KW - Nitric oxide KW - Tumor necrosis factor- alpha KW - Macrophage inflammatory protein KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17420282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Time+Course+of+Gene+Expression+of+Inflammatory+Mediators+in+Rat+Lung+after+Diesel+Exhaust+Particle+Exposure&rft.au=Rao%2C+KMK%3BMa%2C+JYC%3BMeighan%2C+T%3BBarger%2C+M+W%3BPack%2C+D%3BVallyathan%2C+V&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=KMK&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=612&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.7696 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macrophages; Interleukin 6; Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear); Interleukin 10; Fibroblasts; Cell activation; Gene expression; Body weight; Bronchus; intercellular adhesion molecule 1; Lymphocytes T; Polymerase chain reaction; Media (culture); Transforming growth factor- beta 1; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; RANTES; Alveoli; Exhausts; Inflammation; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; Nitric-oxide synthase; Leukocytes (granulocytic); Lung; Albumin; Nitric oxide; Diesel; Tumor necrosis factor- alpha; Macrophage inflammatory protein DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7696 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biochemical and molecular characterization of an azoreductase from Staphylococcus aureus, a tetrameric NADPH-dependent flavoprotein AN - 17357798; 6278613 AB - Azo dyes are a predominant class of colourants used in tattooing, cosmetics, foods and consumer products. A gene encoding NADPH-flavin azoreductase (Azol) from the skin bacterium Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 was identified and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. RT-PCR results demonstrated that the azol gene was constitutively expressed at the mRNA level in S. aureus. Azo1 was found to be a tetramer with a native molecular mass of 85 kDa containing four non-covalently bound FMN. Azo1 requires NADPH, but not NADH, as an electron donor for its activity. The enzyme was resolved to dimeric apoprotein by removing the flavin prosthetic groups using hydrophobic-interaction chromatography. The dimeric apoprotein was reconstituted on-column and in free stage with FMN, resulting in the formation of a fully functional native-like tetrameric enzyme. The enzyme cleaved the model azo dye 2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid (Methyl Red) into N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine and 2-aminobenzoic acid. The apparent K sub(m) values for NADPH and Methyl Red substrates were 0 times 074 and 0 times 057 mM, respectively. The apparent V sub(max) was 0 times 4 mu M min super(-1) (mg protein) super(-1). Azo1 was also able to metabolize Orange II, Amaranth, Ponceau BS and Ponceau S azo dyes. Azo1 represents the first azoreductase to be identified and characterized from human skin microflora. JF - Microbiology AU - Chen, H AU - Hopper, S L AU - Cerniglia, CE AD - Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US FDA, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079-9502, USA, hchen@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1433 EP - 1441 PB - Society for General Microbiology, Marlborough House, Basingstoke Road Spencers Wood Reading RG7 1AG UK, [URL:http://www.sgm.ac.uk/] VL - 151 IS - 5 SN - 1350-0872, 1350-0872 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17357798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology&rft.atitle=Biochemical+and+molecular+characterization+of+an+azoreductase+from+Staphylococcus+aureus%2C+a+tetrameric+NADPH-dependent+flavoprotein&rft.au=Chen%2C+H%3BHopper%2C+S+L%3BCerniglia%2C+CE&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology&rft.issn=13500872&rft_id=info:doi/10.1099%2Fmic.0.27805-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27805-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular applications for identifying microbial pathogens in the post-9/11 era AN - 1272691753; 16579589 AB - Rapid advances in molecular and optical technologies over the past 10 years have dramatically impacted the way biologic research is conducted today. Examples include microarrays, capillary sequencing, optical mapping and real-time sequencing (Pyrosequencing). These technologies are capable of rapidly delivering massive amounts of genetic information and are becoming routine mainstays of many laboratories. Fortunately, advances in scientific computing have provided the enormous computing power necessary to analyze these enormous data sets. The application of molecular technologies should prove useful to the burgeoning field of microbial forensics. In the post-9/11 era, when securing America''s food supply is a major endeavor, the need for rapid identification of microbes that accidentally or intentionally find their way into foods is apparent. The principle that distinguishes a microbial forensic investigation from a molecular epidemiology study is that a biocrime has been committed. If proper attribution is to be attained, a link must be made between a particular microbe in the food and the perpetrator who placed it there. Therefore, the techniques used must be able to discriminate individual isolates of a particular microbe. A battery of techniques in development for distinguishing individual isolates of particular foodborne pathogens is discussed. JF - Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics AU - Cebula, Thomas A AU - Brown, Eric W AU - Jackson, Scott A AU - Mammel, Mark K AU - Mukherjee, Amit AU - LeClerc, J Eugene AD - Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition Office of Applied Research & Safety Assessment (HFS-025), US Food and Drug Administration, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708 USATel.: +1 301 827 8281Fax: +1 301 827 8260, Thomas.Cebula@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 431 EP - 445 PB - Future Science Group (FSG), Unitec House, 2 Albert Place London N3 1QB United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 1473-7159, 1473-7159 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Data processing KW - Epidemiology KW - Food KW - Forensic science KW - Gene mapping KW - Pathogens KW - Reviews KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1272691753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Expert+Review+of+Molecular+Diagnostics&rft.atitle=Molecular+applications+for+identifying+microbial+pathogens+in+the+post-9%2F11+era&rft.au=Cebula%2C+Thomas+A%3BBrown%2C+Eric+W%3BJackson%2C+Scott+A%3BMammel%2C+Mark+K%3BMukherjee%2C+Amit%3BLeClerc%2C+J+Eugene&rft.aulast=Cebula&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Expert+Review+of+Molecular+Diagnostics&rft.issn=14737159&rft_id=info:doi/10.1586%2F14737159.5.3.431 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Epidemiology; Reviews; Food; Forensic science; Pathogens; Gene mapping DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737159.5.3.431 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An age-adjusted bootstrap-based Poly-k test. AN - 67561567; 15573413 AB - The assumption of an asymptotic normal distribution of some test statistics may be invalid in certain dose-response trend tests. For instance, the survival-adjusted Cochran-Armitage test, known as the Poly-k test, is asymptotically standard normal under the null hypothesis. However, the asymptotic normality is not valid if there is a deviation from the tumour onset distribution that is assumed in this test or if the competing risks survival rates differ across groups. We develop an age-adjusted bootstrap-based method to assess the significance of assumed asymptotic normal tests for animal carcinogenicity data. The proposed method differs from conventional bootstrap methods in the aspect of preserving the mortality rate in each dose group under the null hypothesis of equal tumour incidence rates among the groups. We investigate an empirical distribution of the Poly-3 (P3) trend test statistic using the proposed age-adjusted bootstrap-based method and compare it with the P3 test statistic referenced to the assumed standard normal distribution. A simulation study is conducted to evaluate the robustness of these tests to various Weibull-family tumour onset distributions. The proposed method is applied to National Toxicology Program data sets to evaluate a dose-related trend of a test substance on the incidence of neoplasms. JF - Statistics in medicine AU - Moon, Hojin AU - Ahn, Hongshik AU - Kodell, Ralph L AD - Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Drive, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. hmoon@nctr.fad.gov Y1 - 2005/04/30/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 30 SP - 1233 EP - 1244 VL - 24 IS - 8 SN - 0277-6715, 0277-6715 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Furans KW - furan KW - UC0XV6A8N9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Age Factors KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Algorithms KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Models, Statistical KW - Mice KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Rats KW - Furans -- administration & dosage KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Furans -- toxicity KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Female KW - Male KW - Biometry KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67561567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Statistics+in+medicine&rft.atitle=An+age-adjusted+bootstrap-based+Poly-k+test.&rft.au=Moon%2C+Hojin%3BAhn%2C+Hongshik%3BKodell%2C+Ralph+L&rft.aulast=Moon&rft.aufirst=Hojin&rft.date=2005-04-30&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Statistics+in+medicine&rft.issn=02776715&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptional signatures of environmentally relevant exposures in normal human mammary epithelial cells: benzo[a]pyrene. AN - 67705822; 15808406 AB - Changes in gene expression in a panel of primary normal human mammary epithelial cell strains, developed from healthy breast tissue obtained at reduction mammoplasty from different donors, in response to benzo[a]pyrene exposure have been investigated. It was expected that both gene expression changes common to cell strains derived from different donors as well as inter-individual variation would be observed. Therefore, the strategy that has been adopted is to identify potentially important changes, or useful changes from a biomonitoring perspective, using gene-array technology and a small number of donors; then investigate selected transcription responses using a large number of tissue donors and a cheaper method of transcript detection (real-time polymerase chain reaction). Here we report results from four primary normal human mammary epithelial cell strains that were treated with benzo[a]pyrene in vitro for either 6 or 24 h. Transcription was monitored using high-density oligonucleotide arrays (Affymetrix HuGeneFL). Total RNA was used for the preparation of labeled targets that were hybridized to microarrays containing probes representing more than 6800 human genes and expressed sequence tags. Gene expression data were analyzed using the GeneChip software (MAS 5.0). Altered gene expression patterns were observed in response to benzo[a]pyrene in human mammary epithelial cell strains from different donors. Specifically, the dioxin inducible cytochrome P450 CYP1B1 was consistently induced in response to 6 and 24 h exposure to benzo[a]pyrene in cell strains from all four donors. Two other genes that were relatively consistently induced were IL1beta and MMP1. Less consistent changes in other metabolism genes (CYP1A1, CYP11B2, and NQO1) and certain cell cycle control genes GOS2 and AF1Q were also induced, while EGR1 was suppressed. Although no change in p53 transcription was observed, an accumulation of p53 protein was detected using antibodies. A similar accumulation of Waf1 (p21) was also observed using immunohistochemistry, this was expected since p53 is p21's transcription factor. Significant inter-individual variations in both the levels and patterns of gene expression were observed, in response to benzo[a]pyrene exposure. These studies provide a complementary approach to molecular epidemiology for the investigation of differential susceptibility to chemical carcinogens, and specifically polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. JF - Cancer letters AU - Keshava, Channa AU - Whipkey, Diana AU - Weston, Ainsley AD - Heatlh Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, DHHS, 1095 Willowdale Road, M/S L-3014, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA. Y1 - 2005/04/28/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 28 SP - 201 EP - 211 VL - 221 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Index Medicus KW - Air Pollutants -- pharmacology KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Mammary Glands, Human -- physiology KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Epithelial Cells -- physiology KW - Epithelial Cells -- drug effects KW - Biomarkers -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Mammary Glands, Human -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67705822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Transcriptional+signatures+of+environmentally+relevant+exposures+in+normal+human+mammary+epithelial+cells%3A+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene.&rft.au=Keshava%2C+Channa%3BWhipkey%2C+Diana%3BWeston%2C+Ainsley&rft.aulast=Keshava&rft.aufirst=Channa&rft.date=2005-04-28&rft.volume=221&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 and formation of carcinogen-DNA adducts in normal human mammary epithelial cells treated with benzo[a]pyrene. AN - 67705366; 15808407 AB - Inter-individual variation in formation of carcinogen-DNA adducts and induction of cytochrome P450 genes was measured in 23 cultured normal human mammary epithelial cell (NHMEC) strains established from reduction mammoplasty tissue. Semi-confluent cells were exposed to 4 microM benzo[a]pyrene (BP) for 12 h and BP-DNA adduct levels were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay using antiserum elicited against DNA modified with r7, t8-dihydroxy-t-9, 10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE). BP-DNA adduct levels for 22 of 23 different cell strains ranged from non-detectable (three samples) to about 15 adducts/10(8) nucleotides. Increases in levels of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 were detected using both oligonucleotide arrays and reverse transcription/quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCRs). For CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, the oligonucleotide array data and RT-PCR data were highly correlated (r=0.73 and 0.70, respectively), suggesting that oligonucleotide arrays are a suitable gene discovery tool, and demonstrating that the complementary and efficient RT-PCR may be used to confirm microarray data for a specific gene in a large number of samples. As measured by RT-PCR, inter-individual variation in CYP1A1 induction was 100-fold, while the variation in CYP1B1 induction was almost 40-fold. On a per-person basis, CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 induction were well-correlated (r=0.88, P<0.001), which is to be expected as they are under the control of a common transcriptional regulation mechanism in response to BP exposure. Inter-individual variation in carcinogen-DNA adduct formation could not be explained only by variation in levels of CYP1A1 or CYP1B1 induction, as neither was well-correlated with BPDE-DNA adduct level (r=0.40 and 0.50 for CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, respectively). Evaluation of glutathione-S-transferase M1 genotype (GSTM1 positive or null) revealed an apparent correlation between positive GSTM1 genotype and BPDE-DNA adduct levels (r=0.84 and 0.77 for CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, respectively); however, after removal of the single outlier this relationship was not significant. Overall the data suggest that BPDE-DNA adduct levels in normal human breast tissue may be modulated by multiple factors that include, but are not exclusive to, CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 inducibility and the presence or absence of GSTM1. JF - Cancer letters AU - Keshava, Channa AU - Divi, Rao L AU - Whipkey, Diana L AU - Frye, Bonnie L AU - McCanlies, Erin AU - Kuo, Maryanne AU - Poirier, Miriam C AU - Weston, Ainsley AD - Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA. Y1 - 2005/04/28/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 28 SP - 213 EP - 224 VL - 221 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide-DNA KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide KW - 55097-80-8 KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - CYP1B1 protein, human KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - glutathione S-transferase M1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Genotype KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis KW - Polymorphism, Genetic KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 -- genetics KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Mammary Glands, Human -- metabolism KW - Glutathione Transferase -- genetics KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- genetics KW - Mammary Glands, Human -- drug effects KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67705366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Induction+of+CYP1A1+and+CYP1B1+and+formation+of+carcinogen-DNA+adducts+in+normal+human+mammary+epithelial+cells+treated+with+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene.&rft.au=Keshava%2C+Channa%3BDivi%2C+Rao+L%3BWhipkey%2C+Diana+L%3BFrye%2C+Bonnie+L%3BMcCanlies%2C+Erin%3BKuo%2C+Maryanne%3BPoirier%2C+Miriam+C%3BWeston%2C+Ainsley&rft.aulast=Keshava&rft.aufirst=Channa&rft.date=2005-04-28&rft.volume=221&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Male breast cancer incidence among atomic bomb survivors. AN - 67762536; 15840883 AB - To learn more about the role of ionizing radiation in the development of male breast cancer, we evaluated male breast cancer incidence among 45 880 male members of the Life Span Study cohort of Japanese atomic bomb survivors. Male breast cancers, diagnosed between January 1, 1958, and December 31, 1998, were identified through the Hiroshima and Nagasaki Tumor Registries. Nine male breast cancers were diagnosed among exposed Life Span Study members (crude rate = 1.8 per 100,000 person-years), and three were diagnosed among nonexposed cohort members (crude rate = 0.5 per 100,000 person-years). A statistically significant dose-response relation was observed (excess relative risk per sievert = 8, 95% confidence interval = 0.8 to 48; P = .01). Our finding of a statistically significant association between ionizing radiation and male breast cancer incidence adds to the very limited information that shows an association between radiation exposure and an increased risk of male breast cancer. JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute AU - Ron, Elaine AU - Ikeda, Takayoshi AU - Preston, Dale L AU - Tokuoka, Shoji AD - Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 6120 Executive Blvd., MSC 7362, Bethesda, MD 20892-7362, USA. eron@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/04/20/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 20 SP - 603 EP - 605 VL - 97 IS - 8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Japan -- epidemiology KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Humans KW - Incidence KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Risk Assessment KW - Survivors -- statistics & numerical data KW - Breast Neoplasms, Male -- epidemiology KW - Nuclear Warfare KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67762536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.atitle=Male+breast+cancer+incidence+among+atomic+bomb+survivors.&rft.au=Ron%2C+Elaine%3BIkeda%2C+Takayoshi%3BPreston%2C+Dale+L%3BTokuoka%2C+Shoji&rft.aulast=Ron&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft.date=2005-04-20&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+National+Cancer+Institute&rft.issn=1460-2105&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-25 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Specificity determinants in inositol polyphosphate synthesis: crystal structure of inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase. AN - 67751565; 15837423 AB - Inositol hexakisphosphate and other inositol high polyphosphates have diverse and critical roles in eukaryotic regulatory pathways. Inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase catalyzes the rate-limiting step in inositol high polyphosphate synthesis in animals. This multifunctional enzyme also has inositol 3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase and other activities. The structure of an archetypal family member, from Entamoeba histolytica, has been determined to 1.2 A resolution in binary and ternary complexes with nucleotide, substrate, and product. The structure reveals an ATP-grasp fold. The inositol ring faces ATP edge-on such that the 5- and 6-hydroxyl groups are nearly equidistant from the ATP gamma-phosphate in catalytically productive phosphoacceptor positions and explains the unusual dual site specificity of this kinase. Inositol tris- and tetrakisphosphates interact via three phosphate binding subsites and one solvent-exposed site that could in principle be occupied by 18 different substrates, explaining the mechanisms for the multiple specificities and catalytic activities of this enzyme. JF - Molecular cell AU - Miller, Gregory J AU - Wilson, Monita P AU - Majerus, Philip W AU - Hurley, James H AD - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/04/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 15 SP - 201 EP - 212 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 1097-2765, 1097-2765 KW - Inositol Phosphates KW - 0 KW - Ligands KW - Adenosine Diphosphate KW - 61D2G4IYVH KW - Adenosine Triphosphate KW - 8L70Q75FXE KW - inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate KW - 98102-63-7 KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) KW - EC 2.7.1.- KW - myo-inositol-trisphosphate 6-kinase KW - EC 2.7.1.134 KW - Magnesium KW - I38ZP9992A KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Animals KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Protein Structure, Secondary KW - Electrons KW - Models, Molecular KW - Inositol Phosphates -- metabolism KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - Humans KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Entamoeba histolytica -- chemistry KW - Protein Binding KW - Binding Sites KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Magnesium -- metabolism KW - Adenosine Triphosphate -- metabolism KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Spodoptera -- cytology KW - Adenosine Diphosphate -- metabolism KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) -- chemistry KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) -- biosynthesis KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67751565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+cell&rft.atitle=Specificity+determinants+in+inositol+polyphosphate+synthesis%3A+crystal+structure+of+inositol+1%2C3%2C4-trisphosphate+5%2F6-kinase.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Gregory+J%3BWilson%2C+Monita+P%3BMajerus%2C+Philip+W%3BHurley%2C+James+H&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2005-04-15&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+cell&rft.issn=10972765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - 1Z2P; PDB; 1Z2O; 1Z2N N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supplementary analysis of probabilities at the termination of a group sequential phase II trial. AN - 67523574; 15565737 AB - We consider estimation of various probabilities after termination of a group sequential phase II trial. A motivating example is that the stopping rule of a phase II oncologic trial is determined solely based on response to a drug treatment, and at the end of the trial estimating the rate of toxicity and response is desirable. The conventional maximum likelihood estimator (sample proportion) of a probability is shown to be biased, and two alternative estimators are proposed to correct for bias, a bias-reduced estimator obtained by using Whitehead's bias-adjusted approach, and an unbiased estimator from the Rao-Blackwell method of conditioning. All three estimation procedures are shown to have certain invariance property in bias. Moreover, estimators of a probability and their bias and precision can be evaluated through the observed response rate and the stage at which the trial stops, thus avoiding extensive computation. Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Statistics in medicine AU - Liu, Aiyi AU - Wu, Chengqing AU - Yu, Kai F AU - Gehan, Edmund AD - Biometry and Mathematical Statistics Branch, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Rockville, MD 20892, USA. liua@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/04/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 15 SP - 1009 EP - 1027 VL - 24 IS - 7 SN - 0277-6715, 0277-6715 KW - Index Medicus KW - Computer Simulation KW - Humans KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Bias (Epidemiology) KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic -- methods KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67523574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Statistics+in+medicine&rft.atitle=Supplementary+analysis+of+probabilities+at+the+termination+of+a+group+sequential+phase+II+trial.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Aiyi%3BWu%2C+Chengqing%3BYu%2C+Kai+F%3BGehan%2C+Edmund&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Aiyi&rft.date=2005-04-15&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1009&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Statistics+in+medicine&rft.issn=02776715&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NIH MASTER PLAN 2003 UPDATE, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH MAIN CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MARYLAND. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - NIH MASTER PLAN 2003 UPDATE, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH MAIN CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MARYLAND. AN - 36369845; 050621F-050159_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of the updated 2003 master development plan for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Main Campus in Bethesda, Maryland is proposed. The primary mission of NIH is to expand fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior or living systems, to apply that knowledge to enhance the health of human lives, and to reduce the burdens of disease and disability. The 2003 plan updates the 1995 plan. It would guide and coordinate the physical development of the NIH Bethesda Campus with respect to buildings, utilities, roads and street-scapes, landscapes, and amenities over the next 20 years in response to projected NIH administrative, research, and infrastructure support needs. Programming of future campus personnel and facilities was determine through an extensive series of interviews with NIH management and individual institute and center directorates. The principal features of the master plan include construction of the 1.05-million-gross-square-foot (gsf) Hatfield Clinical Research Center to replace the existing Clinical Center hospital and provide 240 inpatient beds and 90 day-hospital stations; stabilization of 0.5 million gsf of space in the existing Magnusen Clinical Center Complex to prepare the complex for adaptive reuse; construction of up to 12 new buildings, containing 2.17 million gsf of laboratory space, for intramural research; continuation of the upgrading and modernization program for support utilities and infrastructure; replacement of housing and care facilities for animals used in research; consolidation of surface parking into multi-level and underground parking structures; construction of a loop road that would follow existing campus streets physical reorganization of the campus to improve administrative and operational functions, raise the aesthetic level of the area, and protect older campus buildings of historic value; management of storm water through a site storm water management plan; construction of expanded child care facilities for employees as well as small-scale retail and service activities; and enhancement of a natural area or buffer zone around the periphery of the campus through removal of surface parking and increased landscaping. In addition to the master plan, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Plan implementation would significantly enhance the functional and social aspects of the NIH Bethesda Campus. Research facilities would be significantly upgraded and facility inadequacies would be corrected. The modified transportation system would provide enhance access within the campus, and landscaping and other aesthetic improvements would transform the somewhat dysfunctional campus into a pleasing and functionally adequate workplace. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Increases in personnel using the site would place additional stress on the local transportation system within and outside the campus, utilities and waste management facilities, and energy sources. The plan would include the demolition of Building 7, which is eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. Construction activities could result in the loss of 500 mature trees. PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 05-0217D, Volume 28, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 050159, 321 pages, April 15, 2005 PY - 2005 VL - 1 KW - Research and Development KW - Buildings KW - Demolition KW - Employment KW - Historic Sites KW - Parking KW - Research Facilities KW - Roads KW - Site Planning KW - Traffic Analyses KW - Transportation KW - Vegetation KW - Maryland UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36369845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-04-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NIH+MASTER+PLAN+2003+UPDATE%2C+NATIONAL+INSTITUTES+OF+HEALTH+MAIN+CAMPUS%2C+BETHESDA%2C+MARYLAND.&rft.title=NIH+MASTER+PLAN+2003+UPDATE%2C+NATIONAL+INSTITUTES+OF+HEALTH+MAIN+CAMPUS%2C+BETHESDA%2C+MARYLAND.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: April 15, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NIH MASTER PLAN 2003 UPDATE, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH MAIN CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MARYLAND. AN - 16343225; 11499 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of the updated 2003 master development plan for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Main Campus in Bethesda, Maryland is proposed. The primary mission of NIH is to expand fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior or living systems, to apply that knowledge to enhance the health of human lives, and to reduce the burdens of disease and disability. The 2003 plan updates the 1995 plan. It would guide and coordinate the physical development of the NIH Bethesda Campus with respect to buildings, utilities, roads and street-scapes, landscapes, and amenities over the next 20 years in response to projected NIH administrative, research, and infrastructure support needs. Programming of future campus personnel and facilities was determine through an extensive series of interviews with NIH management and individual institute and center directorates. The principal features of the master plan include construction of the 1.05-million-gross-square-foot (gsf) Hatfield Clinical Research Center to replace the existing Clinical Center hospital and provide 240 inpatient beds and 90 day-hospital stations; stabilization of 0.5 million gsf of space in the existing Magnusen Clinical Center Complex to prepare the complex for adaptive reuse; construction of up to 12 new buildings, containing 2.17 million gsf of laboratory space, for intramural research; continuation of the upgrading and modernization program for support utilities and infrastructure; replacement of housing and care facilities for animals used in research; consolidation of surface parking into multi-level and underground parking structures; construction of a loop road that would follow existing campus streets physical reorganization of the campus to improve administrative and operational functions, raise the aesthetic level of the area, and protect older campus buildings of historic value; management of storm water through a site storm water management plan; construction of expanded child care facilities for employees as well as small-scale retail and service activities; and enhancement of a natural area or buffer zone around the periphery of the campus through removal of surface parking and increased landscaping. In addition to the master plan, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Plan implementation would significantly enhance the functional and social aspects of the NIH Bethesda Campus. Research facilities would be significantly upgraded and facility inadequacies would be corrected. The modified transportation system would provide enhance access within the campus, and landscaping and other aesthetic improvements would transform the somewhat dysfunctional campus into a pleasing and functionally adequate workplace. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Increases in personnel using the site would place additional stress on the local transportation system within and outside the campus, utilities and waste management facilities, and energy sources. The plan would include the demolition of Building 7, which is eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. Construction activities could result in the loss of 500 mature trees. PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 05-0217D, Volume 28, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 050159, 321 pages, April 15, 2005 PY - 2005 KW - Research and Development KW - Buildings KW - Demolition KW - Employment KW - Historic Sites KW - Parking KW - Research Facilities KW - Roads KW - Site Planning KW - Traffic Analyses KW - Transportation KW - Vegetation KW - Maryland UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16343225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-04-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NIH+MASTER+PLAN+2003+UPDATE%2C+NATIONAL+INSTITUTES+OF+HEALTH+MAIN+CAMPUS%2C+BETHESDA%2C+MARYLAND.&rft.title=NIH+MASTER+PLAN+2003+UPDATE%2C+NATIONAL+INSTITUTES+OF+HEALTH+MAIN+CAMPUS%2C+BETHESDA%2C+MARYLAND.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: April 15, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genes, splicing patterns, and assessments of associations with substance abuse and Parkinson's Disease. AN - 67542724; 15666411 AB - Potential roles for variants in the human BDNF gene in human brain disorders are supported by findings that include: (a) influences that this trophic factor can exert on important neurons, brain regions, and neurotransmitter systems, (b) changes in BDNF expression that follow altered neuronal activity and drug treatments, and (c) linkages or associations between genetic markers in or near BDNF and human traits and disorders that include depression, schizophrenia, addictions, and Parkinson's disease. We now report assembly of more than 70 kb of BDNF genomic sequence, delineation of 7 noncoding and 1 coding human BDNF exons, elucidation of BDNF transcripts that are initiated at several alternative promoters, identification of BDNF mRNA splicing patterns, elucidation of novel sequences that could contribute to activity-dependent BDNF mRNA transcription, targeting and/or translation, elucidation of tissue-specific and brain-region-specific use of the alternative human BDNF promoters and splicing patterns, identification of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) BDNF genomic variants and identification of patterns of restricted haplotype diversity at the BDNF locus. We also identified type 2 BDNF-locus transcripts that are coded by a novel gene that is overlapped with type 1 BDNF gene and transcribed in reverse orientation with several alternative splicing isoforms. Association studies of BDNF variants reveal no associations with Parkinson's disease. Comparisons between substance abusers and controls reveal modest associations. These findings increase interest in this diverse human gene. JF - American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics AU - Liu, Qing-Rong AU - Walther, Donna AU - Drgon, Tomas AU - Polesskaya, Oxana AU - Lesnick, Timothy G AU - Strain, Kari J AU - de Andrade, Mariza AU - Bower, James H AU - Maraganore, Demetrius M AU - Uhl, George R AD - Molecular Neurobiology Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program (NIDA-IRP), NIH, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Y1 - 2005/04/05/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 05 SP - 93 EP - 103 VL - 134B IS - 1 SN - 1552-4841, 1552-4841 KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor KW - 0 KW - RNA, Untranslated KW - Poly A KW - 24937-83-5 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Transcription Initiation Site KW - Polymorphism, Genetic KW - Exons KW - Humans KW - Transcription, Genetic -- genetics KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - RNA, Untranslated -- genetics KW - Linkage Disequilibrium KW - Genes -- genetics KW - Microsatellite Repeats KW - Base Sequence KW - Haplotypes KW - RNA -- metabolism KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Introns KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Poly A -- genetics KW - DNA -- chemistry KW - RNA -- genetics KW - Alternative Splicing -- genetics KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- genetics KW - Parkinson Disease -- genetics KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67542724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+medical+genetics.+Part+B%2C+Neuropsychiatric+genetics+%3A+the+official+publication+of+the+International+Society+of+Psychiatric+Genetics&rft.atitle=Human+brain+derived+neurotrophic+factor+%28BDNF%29+genes%2C+splicing+patterns%2C+and+assessments+of+associations+with+substance+abuse+and+Parkinson%27s+Disease.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Qing-Rong%3BWalther%2C+Donna%3BDrgon%2C+Tomas%3BPolesskaya%2C+Oxana%3BLesnick%2C+Timothy+G%3BStrain%2C+Kari+J%3Bde+Andrade%2C+Mariza%3BBower%2C+James+H%3BMaraganore%2C+Demetrius+M%3BUhl%2C+George+R&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Qing-Rong&rft.date=2005-04-05&rft.volume=134B&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+medical+genetics.+Part+B%2C+Neuropsychiatric+genetics+%3A+the+official+publication+of+the+International+Society+of+Psychiatric+Genetics&rft.issn=15524841&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - AY054399; GENBANK; AY054397; AY054398; AY054395; AY054396; AY054403; AY054393; AY054404; AY054394; AY054405; AF411339; AY054391; AY054406; AY054392; AY054402; AY054401; AY054400; AY513486 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of ozone-depleting substances; removal of essential-use designations. Final rule. AN - 67699694; 15806739 AB - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is amending its regulation on the use of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) in self-pressurized containers to remove the essential-use designations for albuterol used in oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers (MDIs). Under the Clean Air Act, FDA, in consultation with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is required to determine whether an FDA-regulated product that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS. Two albuterol MDIs that do not use an ODS have been marketed for more than 3 years. FDA has determined that the two non-ODS MDIs will be satisfactory alternatives to albuterol MDIs containing ODSs and is removing the essential-use designation for albuterol MDIs as of December 31, 2008. Albuterol MDIs containing an ODS cannot be marketed after this date. JF - Federal register AU - Food and Drug Administration, HHS AD - Food and Drug Administration, HHS Y1 - 2005/04/04/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 04 SP - 17167 EP - 17192 VL - 70 IS - 63 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - Adrenergic beta-Agonists KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Chlorofluorocarbons KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Albuterol KW - QF8SVZ843E KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - Medicare -- economics KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Costs and Cost Analysis KW - Asthma -- drug therapy KW - Medicaid -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Medicaid -- economics KW - Humans KW - Adrenergic beta-Agonists -- classification KW - Medicare -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Albuterol -- therapeutic use KW - Air Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Chlorofluorocarbons -- adverse effects KW - Albuterol -- classification KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Metered Dose Inhalers -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67699694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=Use+of+ozone-depleting+substances%3B+removal+of+essential-use+designations.+Final+rule.&rft.au=Food+and+Drug+Administration%2C+HHS&rft.aulast=Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aufirst=HHS&rft.date=2005-04-04&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=63&rft.spage=17167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic activation of the tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloid, retrorsine, leading to DNA adduct formation in vivo. AN - 70165910; 16705803 AB - Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are naturally occurring genotoxic chemicals produced by a large number of plants. The high toxicity of many pyrrolizidine alkaloids has caused considerable loss of free-ranging livestock due to liver and pulmonary lesions. Chronic exposure of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids to laboratory animals induces cancer. This investigation studies the metabolic activation of retrorsine, a representative naturally occurring tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloid, and shows that a genotoxic mechanism is correlated to the tumorigenicity of retrorsine. Metabolism of retrorsine by liver microsomes of F344 female rats produced two metabolites, 6, 7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-5H-pyrrolizine (DHP), at a rate of 4.8 +/- 0.1 nmol/mg/min, and retrorsine-N-oxide, at a rate of 17.6 +/- 0.5 nmol/mg/min. Metabolism was enhanced 1.7-fold by using liver microsomes prepared from dexamethasone-treated rats. DHP formation was inhibited 77% and retrorsine N-oxide formation was inhibited 29% by troleandomycin, a P450 3A enzyme inhibitor. Metabolism of retrorsine with lung, kidney, and spleen microsomes from dexamethasone-treated rats also generated DHP and the N-oxide derivative. When rat liver microsomal metabolism of retrorsine occurred in the presence of calf thymus DNA, a set of DHP-derived DNA adducts was formed; these adducts were detected and quantified by using a previously developed 32P-postlabeling/HPLC method. These same DNA adducts were also found in liver DNA of rats gavaged with retrorsine. Since DHP-derived DNA adducts are suggested to be potential biomarkers of riddelliine-induced tumorigenicity, our results indicate that (i) similar to the metabolic activation of riddelliine, the mechanism of retrorsine-induced carcinogenicity in rats is also through a genotoxic mechanism involving DHP; and (ii) the set of DHP-derived DNA adducts found in liver DNA of rats gavaged with retrorsine or riddelliine can serve as biomarkers for the tumorigenicity induced by retronecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloids. JF - International journal of environmental research and public health AU - Wang, Yu-Ping AU - Fu, Peter P AU - Chou, Ming W AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. ywang@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 74 EP - 79 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1661-7827, 1661-7827 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids KW - isatidine KW - 51819GRV4U KW - Monocrotaline KW - 73077K8HYV KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - calf thymus DNA KW - 91080-16-9 KW - dehydroretronecine KW - QG6MWR17OH KW - retrorsine KW - XJ86XWL8IY KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Biotransformation KW - Microsomes -- metabolism KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Microsomes -- drug effects KW - Monocrotaline -- metabolism KW - Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids -- pharmacokinetics KW - DNA Adducts -- analysis KW - Monocrotaline -- analogs & derivatives KW - Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids -- toxicity KW - Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70165910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+environmental+research+and+public+health&rft.atitle=Metabolic+activation+of+the+tumorigenic+pyrrolizidine+alkaloid%2C+retrorsine%2C+leading+to+DNA+adduct+formation+in+vivo.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Yu-Ping%3BFu%2C+Peter+P%3BChou%2C+Ming+W&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Yu-Ping&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+environmental+research+and+public+health&rft.issn=16617827&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-07-21 N1 - Date created - 2006-05-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Chem Res Toxicol. 2001 Jan;14(1):101-9 [11170513] Br J Cancer. 1954 Sep;8(3):458-65 [13230379] Cancer Lett. 2003 Apr 25;193(2):119-25 [12706867] Natl Toxicol Program Tech Rep Ser. 2003 May;(508):1-280 [12844193] Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Sep;16(9):1130-7 [12971801] Toxicol Lett. 2003 Dec 10;145(3):239-47 [14580895] Chem Biol Interact. 1973 May;6(5):297-306 [4708048] J Nat Prod. 1981 Mar-Apr;44(2):129-52 [7017073] Chem Biol Interact. 1986 Feb;57(2):217-22 [3955792] Am J Chin Med. 1989;17(3-4):165-70 [2517380] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Oct;111(1):90-8 [1949039] Arch Toxicol. 1993;67(1):39-43 [8452478] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Aug;127(2):314-9 [8048076] Pharmazie. 1995 Feb;50(2):83-98 [7700976] Toxicon. 1996 Sep;34(9):1058-61 [8896199] J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 1998;12(3):157-66 [9522275] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1999 Jan 15;154(2):198-202 [9925804] Ther Drug Monit. 2000 Jun;22(3):302-6 [10850397] Chem Res Toxicol. 2001 Jan;14(1):91-100 [11170512] J Nat Toxins. 1999 Feb;8(1):95-116 [10091131] Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Jan;16(1):66-73 [12693032] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photodecomposition and phototoxicity of natural retinoids. AN - 70160742; 16705812 AB - Sunlight is a known human carcinogen. Many cosmetics contain retinoid-based compounds, such as retinyl palmitate (RP), either to protect the skin or to stimulate skin responses that will correct skin damaged by sunlight. However, little is known about the photodecomposition of some retinoids and the toxicity of these retinoids and their sunlight-induced photodecomposition products on skin. Thus, studies are required to test whether topical application of retinoids enhances the phototoxicity and photocarcinogenicity of sunlight and UV light. Mechanistic studies are needed to provide insight into the disposition of retinoids in vitro and on the skin, and to test thoroughly whether genotoxic damage by UV-induced radicals may participate in any toxicity of topically applied retinoids in the presence of UV light. This paper reports the update information and our experimental results on photostability, photoreactions, and phototoxicity of the natural retinoids including retinol (ROH), retinal, retinoid acid (RA), retinyl acetate, and RP (Figure 1). JF - International journal of environmental research and public health AU - Tolleson, William H AU - Cherng, Shui-Hui AU - Xia, Qingsu AU - Boudreau, Mary AU - Yin, Jun Jie AU - Wamer, Wayne G AU - Howard, Paul C AU - Yu, Hongtao AU - Fu, Peter P AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 147 EP - 155 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1661-7827, 1661-7827 KW - Cosmetics KW - 0 KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - Retinoids KW - Index Medicus KW - Photochemistry KW - Animals KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- chemistry KW - Lipid Peroxidation KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Retinoids -- toxicity KW - Retinoids -- chemistry KW - Retinoids -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70160742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+environmental+research+and+public+health&rft.atitle=Photodecomposition+and+phototoxicity+of+natural+retinoids.&rft.au=Tolleson%2C+William+H%3BCherng%2C+Shui-Hui%3BXia%2C+Qingsu%3BBoudreau%2C+Mary%3BYin%2C+Jun+Jie%3BWamer%2C+Wayne+G%3BHoward%2C+Paul+C%3BYu%2C+Hongtao%3BFu%2C+Peter+P&rft.aulast=Tolleson&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+environmental+research+and+public+health&rft.issn=16617827&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-07-21 N1 - Date created - 2006-05-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Photodermatol. 1987 Apr;4(2):88-101 [3309903] Jpn J Cancer Res. 1988 Mar;79(3):320-8 [3131282] Pharmacol Ther. 1989;40(1):123-35 [2645585] Pharm Res. 1994 Aug;11(8):1155-9 [7971717] Chem Res Toxicol. 1995 Mar;8(2):278-83 [7766812] Carcinogenesis. 1995 Aug;16(8):1941-5 [7634425] Photochem Photobiol. 1996 May;63(5):680-5 [8628760] J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1997 Apr;43(2):167-76 [9219090] Pharmacol Rev. 1998 Jun;50(2):315-33 [9647871] J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1999 Jun;45(3):353-8 [10524354] J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2003 Nov;21(2):165-97 [15845224] J Invest Dermatol. 2000 May;114(5):923-7 [10771472] Biochemistry. 2000 Sep 19;39(37):11370-80 [10985782] Exp Gerontol. 2000 Dec;35(9-10):1327-41 [11113611] Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2001 Apr;49(4):368-72 [11310659] Arch Biochem Biophys. 2001 Sep 15;393(2):316-20 [11556819] J Photochem Photobiol B. 2001 Nov 15;64(2-3):144-61 [11744401] J Photochem Photobiol B. 2001 Nov 15;64(2-3):166-75 [11744403] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Mar 5;99(5):2965-70 [11867738] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Sep 6;296(5):1125-33 [12207890] Nucleic Acids Res. 2001 May 1;29(9):e45 [11328886] J Biol Chem. 2003 May 16;278(20):18207-13 [12646558] Oncogene. 2003 May 15;22(19):2993-3006 [12771951] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Oct 31;310(4):1168-74 [14559238] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004 Mar 15;195(3):288-97 [15020191] Biophys Struct Mech. 1977 Jun 29;3(2):195-8 [890057] Photochem Photobiol. 1979 Apr;29(4):713-6 [221949] Cancer Lett. 1979 Jul;7(2-3):85-90 [476613] J Invest Dermatol. 1981 Mar;76(3):178-80 [7240786] J Invest Dermatol. 1981 Jul;77(1):139-43 [7252247] Arch Dermatol Res. 1981;270(4):453-62 [7283473] J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1986 Jan-Feb;69(1):50-5 [3949702] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiology of alcohol-associated cancers. AN - 68432140; 16054977 AB - Alcohol, especially in combination with smoking, is a well-established risk factor for cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, esophagus, and larynx, with 25% to 80% of these cancers being attributable to alcohol. Rates of these cancers in the United States have been decreasing in recent years, possibly because of reductions in cigarette smoking and alcohol use. Chronic alcohol consumption has been linked with increased risk of liver cancer in epidemiologic studies. However, the rising rates of this cancer in the United States are most likely due to the increasing prevalence of chronic hepatitis B and C infections. Epidemiologic evidence has linked light to moderate intake of alcohol to cancers of the colorectum and female breast. These cancers are common in developed countries, so even small increases in risk can have important public health implications. Although results of most epidemiologic studies have provided little or no support for a causal relation between light and moderate alcohol use and risk of pancreatic cancer, a possible role of heavy alcohol consumption cannot be ruled out. Further studies of these cancers are needed to clarify the role of type of alcoholic beverage, the role of alcohol concentration, and the dose-response curve at low concentrations of alcohol. Future research also should be designed to promote the use of uniform ways to report alcohol intake and uniform measures for analysis, to include the investigation of alcohol-associated cancer risks in U.S. minority populations, to enhance experimental work to better understand the underlying mechanisms through which alcohol promotes carcinogenesis, and to develop preventive strategies. JF - Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) AU - Brown, Linda Morris AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Room 8026, MSC 7244, Bethesda, MD 20892-7244, USA. brownl@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 161 EP - 168 VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0741-8329, 0741-8329 KW - Index Medicus KW - Age Factors KW - Humans KW - Digestive System Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Aging KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Respiratory Tract Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Ethnic Groups -- statistics & numerical data KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Alcohol Drinking -- adverse effects KW - Alcohol Drinking -- epidemiology KW - Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68432140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Alcohol+%28Fayetteville%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Epidemiology+of+alcohol-associated+cancers.&rft.au=Brown%2C+Linda+Morris&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Alcohol+%28Fayetteville%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=07418329&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-30 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioavailability of beryllium oxide particles: an in vitro study in the murine J774A.1 macrophage cell line model. AN - 67945192; 15962713 AB - Beryllium metal and its oxide and alloys are materials of industrial significance with recognized adverse effects on worker health. Currently, the degree of risk associated with exposure to these materials in the workplace is assessed through measurement of beryllium aerosol mass concentration. Compliance with the current mass-based occupational exposure limit has proven ineffective at eliminating the occurrence of chronic beryllium disease (CBD). The rationale for this research was to examine the mechanism of beryllium bioavailability, which may be pertinent to risk. The authors tested the hypothesis in vitro that dissolution of particles engulfed by macrophages is greater than dissolution in cellular medium alone. Physicochemical changes were evaluated in vitro for well-characterized high-purity beryllium oxide (BeO) particles in cell-free media alone and engulfed by and retained within murine J774A.1 monocyte-macrophage cells. The BeO particles were from a commercially available powder and consisted of diffuse clusters (aerodynamic diameter range 1.5 to 2.5 microm) of 200-nm diameter primary particles. Following incubation for 124 to 144 hours, particles were recovered and recharacterized. Recovered particles were similar in morphology, chemical composition, and size relative to the original material, confirming the relatively insoluble nature of the BeO particles. Measurable levels of dissolved beryllium, representing 0.3% to 4.8% of the estimated total beryllium mass added, were measured in the recovered intracellular fluid. Dissolved beryllium was not detected in the extracellular media. The BeO chemical dissolution rate constant in the J774A. 1 cells was 2.1 +/- 1.7 x 10(-8)g/(cm2 . day). In contrast, the BeO chemical dissolution rate constant in cell-free media was < 8.1 x 10(-9)g/(cm2 . day). In vivo, beryllium dissolved by macrophages may be released in the pulmonary alveolar environment, in the lymphatic system after transport of beryllium by macrophages, or in the alveolar interstitium after migration and dissolution of beryllium particles in tissue. These findings demonstrate a mechanism of bioavailability for beryllium, are consistent with previously observed results in canine alveolar macrophages, and provide insights into additional research needs to understand and prevent beryllium sensitization and CBD. JF - Experimental lung research AU - Day, Gregory A AU - Hoover, Mark D AU - Stefaniak, Aleksandr B AU - Dickerson, Robert M AU - Peterson, Eric J AU - Esmen, Nurtan A AU - Scripsick, Ronald C AD - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. gdd2@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 341 EP - 360 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0190-2148, 0190-2148 KW - beryllium oxide KW - 2S8NLR37S3 KW - Beryllium KW - OW5102UV6N KW - Index Medicus KW - Berylliosis -- immunology KW - Animals KW - Antigen Presentation KW - Macrophages -- immunology KW - Berylliosis -- etiology KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Models, Biological KW - Biological Availability KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Phagocytosis KW - Cell Line KW - Macrophages -- metabolism KW - Beryllium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Beryllium -- immunology KW - Beryllium -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67945192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+lung+research&rft.atitle=Bioavailability+of+beryllium+oxide+particles%3A+an+in+vitro+study+in+the+murine+J774A.1+macrophage+cell+line+model.&rft.au=Day%2C+Gregory+A%3BHoover%2C+Mark+D%3BStefaniak%2C+Aleksandr+B%3BDickerson%2C+Robert+M%3BPeterson%2C+Eric+J%3BEsmen%2C+Nurtan+A%3BScripsick%2C+Ronald+C&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+lung+research&rft.issn=01902148&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adjunctive strategies in the treatment of refractory bipolar depression: clinician options in the absence of a systematic database. AN - 67898536; 15934880 AB - Multiple approaches to enhancing antidepressant treatment response in bipolar depression are available and should, in many instances, be explored despite a lack of definitive controlled trial literature supporting their efficacy. Given that the morbidity of depression is three times greater than mania in bipolar illness, a range of treatment approaches to this phase of illness should be pursued. This paper highlights the preliminary evidence of efficacy versus side effects, tolerability, and safety in order to suggest an overall provisional utility grade for each well-studied to highly-experimental option. Given the general paucity of evidence to support efficacy or to sequence different approaches for augmenting treatment of bipolar depression, it is critical that patient and physician adopt a systematic and, preferably, daily rating approach to the assessment of benefit for a given patient of each strategy contemplated. The goal is to achieve and maintain remission of depressive symptoms and associated comorbidities, which is often not accomplished using primary mood stabilizer treatments alone, or in combination; thus, an active clinical approach to augmentation strategies is indicated even when the literature provides only highly preliminary guidance. JF - Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy AU - Post, Robert M AD - Biological Psychiatry Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 10 Center Drive MSC 1272, Bldg. 10, Room 3S239, Bethesda, MD 20892-1272, USA. Robert.Post@nih.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 531 EP - 546 VL - 6 IS - 4 KW - Antidepressive Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Dizziness -- chemically induced KW - Weight Gain -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Databases, Factual -- statistics & numerical data KW - Bipolar Disorder -- drug therapy KW - Bipolar Disorder -- psychology KW - Antidepressive Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Physician's Role KW - Antidepressive Agents -- adverse effects KW - Databases, Factual -- classification KW - Antidepressive Agents -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67898536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Expert+opinion+on+pharmacotherapy&rft.atitle=Adjunctive+strategies+in+the+treatment+of+refractory+bipolar+depression%3A+clinician+options+in+the+absence+of+a+systematic+database.&rft.au=Post%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Post&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Expert+opinion+on+pharmacotherapy&rft.issn=1744-7666&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-04-14 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2005: the year of the healthy child. AN - 67879818; 15926266 JF - AWHONN lifelines AU - Carmona, Richard H AD - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, USA. PY - 2005 SP - 107 EP - 111 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 1091-5923, 1091-5923 KW - Nursing KW - United States KW - Child Abuse -- prevention & control KW - Maternal Health Services -- standards KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Mental Health KW - Child KW - Obesity -- nursing KW - Female KW - Wounds and Injuries -- nursing KW - Pregnancy KW - Health Promotion -- standards KW - Child Health Services -- standards KW - Child Development KW - Child Welfare KW - Pediatric Nursing -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67879818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AWHONN+lifelines&rft.atitle=2005%3A+the+year+of+the+healthy+child.&rft.au=Carmona%2C+Richard+H&rft.aulast=Carmona&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AWHONN+lifelines&rft.issn=10915923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Summary health statistics for the U.S. population: National Health Interview Survey, 2003. AN - 67813871; 15884478 AB - This report presents both age-adjusted and unadjusted health statistics from the 2003 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States, classified by age, sex, race and Hispanic or Latino origin, family income, poverty status, education, place of residence, region of residence, and where appropriate, health insurance coverage. The topics covered are health status and limitations in activities, special education or early intervention services, injuries and poisonings, health care access and utilization, and health insurance coverage. The NHIS is a household, multistage probability sample survey conducted annually by interviewers of the U.S. Census Bureau for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics. In 2003, household interviews were completed for 92,148 persons living in 35,921 households, reflecting a household response rate of 89.2%. Nearly 7 in 10 persons were in excellent or very good health in 2003. About 34 million persons (12%) were limited in their usual activities due to one or more chronic health conditions, and about 4 million persons (2%) required the help of another person with activities of daily living. About 6% of children received special education or early intervention services. Among persons under age 65 years, about 41 million (17%) did not have any health insurance coverage. The most common reason for lacking health insurance was cost, followed by a change in employment. JF - Vital and health statistics. Series 10, Data from the National Health Survey AU - Schiller, Jeannine S AU - Adams, Patricia F AU - Nelson, Zakia Coriaty AD - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, Division of Health Interview Statistics, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 1 EP - 104 IS - 224 SN - 0083-1972, 0083-1972 KW - Index Medicus KW - Wounds and Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Insurance, Health -- statistics & numerical data KW - Wounds and Injuries -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Poisoning -- epidemiology KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Activities of Daily Living KW - Aged KW - Child KW - Child, Preschool KW - Insurance Coverage -- statistics & numerical data KW - Infant KW - Adult KW - Health Surveys KW - Middle Aged KW - Poisoning -- etiology KW - Adolescent KW - Hospitalization -- statistics & numerical data KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Health Status KW - Health Services Accessibility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67813871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vital+and+health+statistics.+Series+10%2C+Data+from+the+National+Health+Survey&rft.atitle=Summary+health+statistics+for+the+U.S.+population%3A+National+Health+Interview+Survey%2C+2003.&rft.au=Schiller%2C+Jeannine+S%3BAdams%2C+Patricia+F%3BNelson%2C+Zakia+Coriaty&rft.aulast=Schiller&rft.aufirst=Jeannine&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=224&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vital+and+health+statistics.+Series+10%2C+Data+from+the+National+Health+Survey&rft.issn=00831972&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential estrogenic and antiandrogenic effects of permethrin in rats. AN - 67806435; 15599112 AB - Many environmental chemicals including pesticides have been reported to possess hormonal activities, and thus are classified as endocrine disruptors. Permethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, is used worldwide, which provides potential environmental exposure. However, relatively few studies have reported on hormonal activities, particularly estrogenic and androgenic activities of permethrin, and the results of these studies are in some respects contradictory. Therefore, this study investigated the potential estrogenic and androgenic activities of permethrin in vitro and in vivo. We conducted an uterine Calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k) gene expression assay and an uterotrophic assay for estrogenic activity, and a Hershberger assay for androgenic activity. The CaBP-9k gene, one of the intracellular calcium binding proteins, is estrogen-responsive in the uterus. The rat uterotrophic and Hershberger assays are generally used as in vivo short-term screening assays for detecting the estrogenic and androgenic activities of chemicals, although these assays are still being validated by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Northern blot analysis showed the induction of uterine CaBP-9k mRNA level in response to permethrin as well as co-administration of permethrin with E2. In the uterotrophic assay using 18-day-old female rats, subcutaneous treatments with permethrin (10 to 800 mg/kg) for three days increased relative uterine wet weights, and E2-induced uterine weights. These effects were statistically significant at 800 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. Moreover, permethrin-induced uterine weights were inhibited by the co-administration of ICI 182,780, an antiestrogen. In the Hershberger assay, the administration of permethrin orally to testosterone propionate-treated castrated male rats led to statistically significant reductions in androgen-dependent sex accessory tissue (ventral prostate, seminal vesicles, levator ani and bulbocavernosus muscles, Cowper's gland and glans penis) weights at all doses tested (10, 50 and 100 mg/kg). These results suggest that permethrin might have estrogen-like effects on female rats, but antiandrogen-like effects on males. JF - The Journal of reproduction and development AU - Kim, Soon-Sun AU - Lee, Rhee-Da AU - Lim, Kwon-Jo AU - Kwack, Seung-Jun AU - Rhee, Gyu-Seek AU - Seok, Ji-Hyun AU - Lee, Geun-Shik AU - An, Beum-Soo AU - Jeung, Eui-Bae AU - Park, Kui-Lea AD - National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, Seoul, Korea. sskeem@kfda.go.kr Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 201 EP - 210 VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 0916-8818, 0916-8818 KW - Androgen Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Calbindins KW - Pesticides KW - RNA, Messenger KW - S100 Calcium Binding Protein G KW - S100g protein, rat KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Permethrin KW - 509F88P9SZ KW - Flutamide KW - 76W6J0943E KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Prostate -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Age Factors KW - Penis -- drug effects KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Bulbourethral Glands -- drug effects KW - Seminal Vesicles -- anatomy & histology KW - Seminal Vesicles -- drug effects KW - Bulbourethral Glands -- anatomy & histology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Prostate -- anatomy & histology KW - S100 Calcium Binding Protein G -- genetics KW - Flutamide -- pharmacology KW - Penis -- anatomy & histology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Genitalia, Male -- anatomy & histology KW - Androgen Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Genitalia, Male -- drug effects KW - Permethrin -- pharmacology KW - Pesticides -- pharmacology KW - Uterus -- anatomy & histology KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Estradiol -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67806435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+reproduction+and+development&rft.atitle=Potential+estrogenic+and+antiandrogenic+effects+of+permethrin+in+rats.&rft.au=Kim%2C+Soon-Sun%3BLee%2C+Rhee-Da%3BLim%2C+Kwon-Jo%3BKwack%2C+Seung-Jun%3BRhee%2C+Gyu-Seek%3BSeok%2C+Ji-Hyun%3BLee%2C+Geun-Shik%3BAn%2C+Beum-Soo%3BJeung%2C+Eui-Bae%3BPark%2C+Kui-Lea&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Soon-Sun&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+reproduction+and+development&rft.issn=09168818&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential pressure as a measure of particulate matter emissions from diesel engines. AN - 67796333; 15871261 AB - A diesel particulate matter analyzer capable of direct, real-time measurement of engine exhaust particulate is necessary to effectively institute source control technology currently being used on diesel equipment and to ensure that the control measures are working. To investigate the potential of a differential pressure monitor to measure diesel particulate matter in undiluted exhaust, samples were collected from three different diesel engines--Kubota, Isuzu, and Deutz--running under 12 different RPM and load scenarios. These measurements were compared to elemental carbon concentrations in the sampled exhaust as determined by using the NIOSH 5040 analytical method. Elemental carbon is used as a surrogate measurement for diesel particulate matter. The results of the two data sets were then compared using a linear regression analysis. The coefficient of determination (or R2) was calculated to be 0.98, 0.94, and 0.74 for the Kubota, Deutz, and Isuzu engines, respectively. R2 values of this magnitude indicate that this method can be successful in estimating elemental carbon emissions in the engines tested. In addition, for replicate samples, the coefficient of variation ranged from 7.1% to 10.2% with an average of 8.5%. These data indicate that this method could prove useful to mechanics as they work to maintain engines and DPM control technologies. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Mischler, Steven E AU - Volkwein, Jon C AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, USA. smischler@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/04/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 01 SP - 2255 EP - 2261 VL - 39 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - 0 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Regression Analysis KW - Particle Size KW - Carbon -- analysis KW - Pressure KW - Chemistry, Physical -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67796333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Differential+pressure+as+a+measure+of+particulate+matter+emissions+from+diesel+engines.&rft.au=Mischler%2C+Steven+E%3BVolkwein%2C+Jon+C&rft.aulast=Mischler&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tuberculosis mortality by industry in the United States, 1990-1999. AN - 67744606; 15830750 AB - To identify occupations and industries with elevated respiratory tuberculosis (TB) mortality in the United States for the period 1990-1999, we used National Center for Health Statistics multiple-cause-of-death data, restricted to certain states for which information on decedents' usual industry and occupational information was available and limited to US residents aged > or =15 years. A total of 7686 deaths between 1990 and 1999 were attributed to respiratory TB. Proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs), adjusted for age, sex, and race, were calculated from US census occupation and industry classifications. Industries and occupations involving potential contact with infected cases (e.g., health care workers), those with silica exposure and silicosis (e.g., mining and construction), and those associated with low socioeconomic status had significantly elevated TB mortality. Overall, the pattern of findings echoes that described in various prior reports, which indicates that the potential for exposure and disease development still persists among certain worker groups. The findings should be useful in guiding occupationally targeted TB prevention programs. JF - The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease AU - Bang, K M AU - Weissman, D N AU - Wood, J M AU - Attfield, M D AD - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. kmb2@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 437 EP - 442 VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1027-3719, 1027-3719 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Humans KW - Silicosis -- mortality KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality KW - Tuberculosis, Pulmonary -- mortality KW - Industry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67744606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+international+journal+of+tuberculosis+and+lung+disease+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+International+Union+against+Tuberculosis+and+Lung+Disease&rft.atitle=Tuberculosis+mortality+by+industry+in+the+United+States%2C+1990-1999.&rft.au=Bang%2C+K+M%3BWeissman%2C+D+N%3BWood%2C+J+M%3BAttfield%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Bang&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+international+journal+of+tuberculosis+and+lung+disease+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+International+Union+against+Tuberculosis+and+Lung+Disease&rft.issn=10273719&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral effects of prenatal folate deficiency in mice. AN - 67737049; 15744731 AB - Folate supplementation decreases the incidence of birth defects such as neural tube defects (NTDs). We and others have shown that gestational dietary folate deficiency that does not produce overt NTDs can alter fetal neural histology. Accordingly, murine offspring were examined for the possible functional consequences of prenatal folate deficiency. CD-1 mice were fed a diet of chow containing 400, 600, or 1200 nmol of folic acid/kg of chow for eight weeks prior to breeding and until GD18, at which time all dams were placed on folate-replete chow. Behavioral tests of male and female offspring included righting reflex, negative geotaxis, forelimb hanging, motor coordination, open field activity, and elevated plus maze activity. Of greatest significance, the adult offspring that were prenatally folate-deficient exhibited more anxiety-related behavior in the elevated plus maze. Offspring of the 400 nmol of folic acid/kg of chow diet group exhibited significantly shorter durations in the open arms and longer durations in the closed arms. Further, these two behaviors were dose-related. There was also a trend for the prenatally folate-deficient adult mice to exhibit more thigmotaxis (wall-hugging) behavior in the open field, entering the central area less frequently than controls. There were few other differences in tested behaviors between folate-deficient and folate-replete mice. Prenatal folate deficiency that is repleted at birth can manifest later with increased anxiety 9-12 weeks after birth. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology AU - Ferguson, Sherry A AU - Berry, Kimberly J AU - Hansen, Deborah K AU - Wall, Kelly S AU - White, Gene AU - Antony, Asok C AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. ferguson@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 249 EP - 252 VL - 73 IS - 4 SN - 1542-0752, 1542-0752 KW - Folic Acid KW - 935E97BOY8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Folic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Diet KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Anxiety -- physiopathology KW - Folic Acid Deficiency -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67737049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birth+defects+research.+Part+A%2C+Clinical+and+molecular+teratology&rft.atitle=Behavioral+effects+of+prenatal+folate+deficiency+in+mice.&rft.au=Ferguson%2C+Sherry+A%3BBerry%2C+Kimberly+J%3BHansen%2C+Deborah+K%3BWall%2C+Kelly+S%3BWhite%2C+Gene%3BAntony%2C+Asok+C&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=Sherry&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Birth+defects+research.+Part+A%2C+Clinical+and+molecular+teratology&rft.issn=15420752&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Residential herbicide use and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. AN - 67728153; 15824166 AB - Environmental exposure to herbicides has been hypothesized to contribute to the long-term increase in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). To estimate the effects of residential herbicide exposure on NHL risk. Population-based case-control study. Iowa and metropolitan Detroit, Los Angeles, and Seattle, 1998 to 2000. NHL patients ages 20 to 74 years and unaffected residents identified by random digit dialing and Medicare eligibility files. Computer-assisted personal interviews (1,321 cases, 1,057 controls) elicited data on herbicide use at each home occupied since 1970. Levels of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid and dicamba were measured in dust taken from used vacuum cleaner bags in the current home (679 cases, 510 controls who had owned at least half of their carpets for > or = 5 years). Herbicide use on the lawn or garden was similar among cases and controls (adjusted relative risk, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.84-1.23). Estimated risk did not increase with greater duration, frequency, or total number of applications of herbicides to the lawn, the garden, or to both combined. Risk was not elevated for respondents who applied the herbicides themselves and not for those exposed during the 1970s, 1980s, or 1990s. We detected 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid equally often in homes of cases and controls (78%). We found dicamba in homes of 15% of cases and 20% of controls. We also found no elevation in risk among the respondents who had the highest dust levels and highest self-reported exposures. We found no consistent patterns for specific histologies. We found no detectable excess associated with residential exposures. Residential herbicide exposures are unlikely to explain the long-term increase in NHL. JF - Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology AU - Hartge, Patricia AU - Colt, Joanne S AU - Severson, Richard K AU - Cerhan, James R AU - Cozen, Wendy AU - Camann, David AU - Zahm, Shelia Hoar AU - Davis, Scott AD - Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. hartgep@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 934 EP - 937 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 1055-9965, 1055-9965 KW - Dust KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Index Medicus KW - Multicenter Studies as Topic KW - Housing KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- epidemiology KW - Herbicides -- adverse effects KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Population Surveillance -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67728153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+epidemiology%2C+biomarkers+%26+prevention+%3A+a+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research%2C+cosponsored+by+the+American+Society+of+Preventive+Oncology&rft.atitle=Residential+herbicide+use+and+risk+of+non-Hodgkin+lymphoma.&rft.au=Hartge%2C+Patricia%3BColt%2C+Joanne+S%3BSeverson%2C+Richard+K%3BCerhan%2C+James+R%3BCozen%2C+Wendy%3BCamann%2C+David%3BZahm%2C+Shelia+Hoar%3BDavis%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Hartge&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=934&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+epidemiology%2C+biomarkers+%26+prevention+%3A+a+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research%2C+cosponsored+by+the+American+Society+of+Preventive+Oncology&rft.issn=10559965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sounding the alarm for i.v. infiltration. AN - 67719416; 15818227 JF - Nursing AU - Marders, Julia AD - Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Md, USA. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 18 EP - 18, 20 VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0360-4039, 0360-4039 KW - Nursing KW - Patient Education as Topic KW - Nursing Assessment KW - Humans KW - Nurse's Role KW - Equipment Failure KW - Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials -- diagnosis KW - Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials -- etiology KW - Fluid Therapy -- adverse effects KW - Fluid Therapy -- instrumentation KW - Fluid Therapy -- nursing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67719416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nursing&rft.atitle=Sounding+the+alarm+for+i.v.+infiltration.&rft.au=Marders%2C+Julia&rft.aulast=Marders&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nursing&rft.issn=03604039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk of new cancers after radiotherapy in long-term survivors of retinoblastoma: an extended follow-up. AN - 67569412; 15800318 AB - Many children diagnosed with retinoblastoma (Rb) survive into adulthood and are prone to subsequent cancers, particularly hereditary patients, who have germline Rb-1 mutations. We have extended the follow-up of a large cohort of Rb patients for 7 more years to provide new information on the risk of additional cancers after radiotherapy in long-term survivors. We analyzed the risk of new cancers through 2000 in 1,601 Rb survivors, diagnosed from 1914 to 1984, at two US medical centers. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated as the ratio of the observed number of cancers after hereditary and nonhereditary Rb to the expected number from the Connecticut Tumor Registry. The cumulative incidence of a new cancer after hereditary and nonhereditary Rb and radiotherapy was calculated with adjustment for competing risk of death. Subsequent cancer risk in 963 hereditary patients (SIR, 19; 95% CI, 16 to 21) exceeded the risk in 638 nonhereditary Rb patients (SIR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.7 to 2.0). Radiation further increased the risk of another cancer in hereditary patients by 3.1-fold (95% CI, 2.0 to 5.3). Hereditary patients continued to be at significantly increased risk for sarcomas, melanoma, and cancers of the brain and nasal cavities. The cumulative incidence for developing a new cancer at 50 years after diagnosis of Rb was 36% (95% CI, 31% to 41%) for hereditary and 5.7% (95% CI, 2.4% to 11%) for nonhereditary patients. Hereditary Rb predisposes to a variety of new cancers over time, with radiotherapy further enhancing the risk of tumors arising in the radiation field. JF - Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology AU - Kleinerman, Ruth A AU - Tucker, Margaret A AU - Tarone, Robert E AU - Abramson, David H AU - Seddon, Johanna M AU - Stovall, Marilyn AU - Li, Frederick P AU - Fraumeni, Joseph F AD - Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852-7362, USA. Kleinerr@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/04/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 01 SP - 2272 EP - 2279 VL - 23 IS - 10 SN - 0732-183X, 0732-183X KW - Index Medicus KW - Nasal Cavity KW - Skin Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Brachytherapy -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Melanoma -- etiology KW - Child KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Nose Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Incidence KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Sarcoma -- etiology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Retinal Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Registries -- statistics & numerical data KW - Retinoblastoma -- genetics KW - Retinal Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Retinoblastoma -- radiotherapy KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Survivors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67569412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.atitle=Risk+of+new+cancers+after+radiotherapy+in+long-term+survivors+of+retinoblastoma%3A+an+extended+follow-up.&rft.au=Kleinerman%2C+Ruth+A%3BTucker%2C+Margaret+A%3BTarone%2C+Robert+E%3BAbramson%2C+David+H%3BSeddon%2C+Johanna+M%3BStovall%2C+Marilyn%3BLi%2C+Frederick+P%3BFraumeni%2C+Joseph+F&rft.aulast=Kleinerman&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+oncology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Society+of+Clinical+Oncology&rft.issn=0732183X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of interference to conventional and real-time PCR for detection and quantification of fungi in dust. AN - 67559681; 15798797 AB - Advances in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have permitted accurate, rapid and quantitative identification of microorganisms in pure cultures regardless of viability or culturability. In this study, a simple sample processing method was investigated for rapid identification and quantification of fungal spores from dust samples using both conventional and real-time PCR. The proposed method was evaluated for susceptibility to interference from environmental dust samples. Stachybotrys chartarum and Aspergillus fumigatus were used as test organisms. The sensitivity of detection in pure culture was 0.1 spore DNA equivalents per PCR reaction corresponding to 20 spores ml(-1) in the sample. However, 1 spore DNA equivalent per PCR reaction corresponding to 200 spores ml(-1) in the sample was the lowest amount of spores tested without interference in dust samples spiked with spores of either fungal species. The extent of inhibition was calculated using conventional and real-time PCR reactions containing fungal spores, specific primers, specific probes (for real-time PCR) and various amounts of dust. The results indicate that the extent of inhibition by dust on PCR varies with the type and amount of dust, and number of spores. No interference in the analysis of spiked samples was detected from 0.2 mg ml(-1) of four real-life dust samples at p-value >0.05 using 2 x 10(4) spores for conventional PCR and 2 x 10(5) spores for real-time PCR. However, samples containing >0.2 mg ml(-1) real-life dust compromised the PCR assay. These results suggest the potential usefulness of a simple sample processing method in conjunction with PCR for monitoring the fungal content of aerosols collected from indoor environments. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Keswani, Jyoti AU - Kashon, Michael L AU - Chen, Bean T AD - Health Effects Laboratory Division, Exposure Assessment Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, M/S L-3030, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. JKeswani@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 311 EP - 318 VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - DNA Probes KW - 0 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - DNA, Fungal KW - Dust KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Aspergillus fumigatus -- isolation & purification KW - DNA Probes -- chemistry KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Stachybotrys -- isolation & purification KW - DNA, Bacterial -- analysis KW - Time Factors KW - Spores, Bacterial -- isolation & purification KW - DNA, Fungal -- analysis KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67559681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+interference+to+conventional+and+real-time+PCR+for+detection+and+quantification+of+fungi+in+dust.&rft.au=Keswani%2C+Jyoti%3BKashon%2C+Michael+L%3BChen%2C+Bean+T&rft.aulast=Keswani&rft.aufirst=Jyoti&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deglycosylation of the NS1 protein of dengue 2 virus, strain 16681: construction and characterization of mutant viruses. AN - 67537086; 15592895 AB - The dengue 2 virus (DENV-2) NS1 glycoprotein contains two potential sites for N-linked glycosylation at Asn-130 and Asn-207. NS1 produced in infected cells is glycosylated at both of these sites. We used site-directed mutagenesis of a DENV-2, strain 16681, full length infectious clone to create mutant viruses lacking the Asn-130, Asn-207 or both of these NS1 glycosylation sites in order to investigate the effects of deglycosylation. Ablation of both NS1 glycosylation sites resulted in unstable viruses that acquired numerous additional mutations; these viruses were not further characterized. Viruses altered at the Asn-130 site exhibited growth characteristics similar to the wild-type (WT) 16681 virus in LLC-MK(2) cells and reduced growth in C6/36 cells. Viruses mutated at the Asn-207 site achieved similar titers in LLC-MK(2) cells compared to WT, however, the appearance of cytopathic effect was delayed and growth of these viruses in C6/36 cells was also reduced compared to WT virus. The plaque size of mutant viruses altered at the Asn-130 site did not differ from that of the WT virus, while mutants altered at the Asn-207 site exhibited a reduced and mixed plaque size. Temperature sensitivity studies comparing the growth of the viruses at 37 degrees C and 39 degrees C showed no significant differences compared to the WT virus. Immunofluorescent antibody staining of infected cells showed that for WT 16681 virus or the Asn-130 site mutant viruses NS1 was located throughout the cytoplasm, however, Asn-207 site mutant virus NS1 protein appeared to be localized to the perinuclear region. Viruses deglycosylated at either site exhibited a significant reduction in mouse neurovirulence compared to the WT virus. The results of our studies indicate that glycosylation of the DENV-2 virus NS1 protein may influence NS1 protein processing/transport as well as the pathogenicity of the virus. JF - Archives of virology AU - Crabtree, M B AU - Kinney, R M AU - Miller, B R AD - Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. meb3@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 771 EP - 786 VL - 150 IS - 4 SN - 0304-8608, 0304-8608 KW - Antigens, Viral KW - 0 KW - NS1 protein, Dengue virus type 2 KW - Viral Nonstructural Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Virus Replication KW - Phenotype KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred ICR KW - Base Sequence KW - Dengue KW - Aedes -- virology KW - Antigens, Viral -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Glycosylation KW - Cell Line KW - Dengue Virus -- growth & development KW - Dengue Virus -- genetics KW - Viral Nonstructural Proteins -- metabolism KW - Dengue Virus -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67537086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+virology&rft.atitle=Deglycosylation+of+the+NS1+protein+of+dengue+2+virus%2C+strain+16681%3A+construction+and+characterization+of+mutant+viruses.&rft.au=Crabtree%2C+M+B%3BKinney%2C+R+M%3BMiller%2C+B+R&rft.aulast=Crabtree&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+virology&rft.issn=03048608&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dopamine D3 receptor ligands block nicotine-induced conditioned place preferences through a mechanism that does not involve discriminative-stimulus or antidepressant-like effects. AN - 67523833; 15562293 AB - Environmental stimuli previously paired with drug taking appear to play a critical role in nicotine dependence. Converging anatomical, pharmacological, and behavioral evidence implicates dopamine D3 receptors (D3Rs) in the mechanisms underlying stimulus-controlled drug-seeking behavior. This study assessed the effects of BP 897, a D3R partial agonist and ST 198, a D3R antagonist, on nicotine-induced conditioned place preferences (CPPs), used as a measure of drug-seeking behavior, on food-maintained responding and on discrimination performance under a two-lever-choice nicotine discrimination procedure. BP 897 and ST 198 both blocked the expression of nicotine-induced CPP at doses selective for D3R. They had no effect on locomotor activity in the CPP apparatus and no significant effect on nicotine discrimination performance or food-maintained responding under the discrimination procedure. Involvement of antidepressant actions in the effects of BP 897 and ST 198 on CPP is unlikely, since we found no effect of D3R blockade with BP 897 or genetic depletion of D3Rs in a forced swimming test, used as a behavioral test for antidepressant activity. This suggests that D3R ligands reduce the motivational effects of nicotine by a mechanism distinct from those of nicotine replacement therapy and bupropion, the two currently used aids for smoking cessation in humans. These findings support the use of D3R ligands as aids for smoking cessation and indicate that their effects would be selective for those rewarding or reinforcing effects of nicotine that contribute to the maintenance of tobacco-smoking behavior, without affecting subjective responses to nicotine or producing any antidepressant-like effects. JF - Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology AU - Le Foll, Bernard AU - Sokoloff, Pierre AU - Stark, Holger AU - Goldberg, Steven R AD - Preclinical Pharmacology Section, Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. blefoll@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 720 EP - 730 VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0893-133X, 0893-133X KW - ((E)-N-4-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-yl)butyl)-3-phenylacrylamide KW - 0 KW - Acrylamides KW - Antidepressive Agents KW - BP 897 KW - Dopamine Agents KW - Dopamine Agonists KW - Dopamine Antagonists KW - Drd3 protein, mouse KW - Drd3 protein, rat KW - Isoquinolines KW - Ligands KW - Piperazines KW - Receptors, Dopamine D2 KW - Receptors, Dopamine D3 KW - Nicotine KW - 6M3C89ZY6R KW - Index Medicus KW - Limbic System -- physiopathology KW - Animals KW - Discrimination (Psychology) -- drug effects KW - Antidepressive Agents -- pharmacology KW - Limbic System -- metabolism KW - Discrimination (Psychology) -- physiology KW - Dopamine Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Mice KW - Piperazines -- pharmacology KW - Drug Interactions -- physiology KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Conditioning (Psychology) -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Isoquinolines -- pharmacology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Limbic System -- drug effects KW - Dopamine Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Acrylamides -- pharmacology KW - Conditioning (Psychology) -- physiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Tobacco Use Disorder -- physiopathology KW - Tobacco Use Disorder -- metabolism KW - Nicotine -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Spatial Behavior -- drug effects KW - Tobacco Use Disorder -- drug therapy KW - Nicotine -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Dopamine D2 -- agonists KW - Dopamine Agents -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Dopamine D2 -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67523833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Dopamine+D3+receptor+ligands+block+nicotine-induced+conditioned+place+preferences+through+a+mechanism+that+does+not+involve+discriminative-stimulus+or+antidepressant-like+effects.&rft.au=Le+Foll%2C+Bernard%3BSokoloff%2C+Pierre%3BStark%2C+Holger%3BGoldberg%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Le+Foll&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=720&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.issn=0893133X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nicotine induces conditioned place preferences over a large range of doses in rats. AN - 67511512; 15765262 AB - Conditioned place preference (CPP) procedures provide one measure of potential rewarding effects of abused drugs. Many attempts to induce CPP with nicotine have been unsuccessful. To assess the influence of nicotine dose and stimulus assignment procedure on development of nicotine-induced CPP. Initial preferences for one side of a two-compartment apparatus were first determined in Sprague-Dawley rats. In subsequent conditioning trials, the compartment paired with nicotine was the initially preferred side for half of the rats, and the initially non-preferred side for the other half. Rats received either an injection of nicotine (0.01-2 mg/kg SC) before being placed in one compartment (three trials) or saline before being placed in the other compartment (three trials). Control rats had saline injections associated with both compartments. A final test trial with no injection assessed final place preference. Significant CPP were induced by 0.1-1.4 mg/kg doses of nicotine. Nicotine-induced CPP were only apparent when nicotine was paired with the initially non-preferred side. Moreover, a very high dose of nicotine (2 mg/kg) induced conditioned place aversion when paired with the initially preferred side of the apparatus. Nicotine induced significant CPP across a wide range of doses, in accordance with its role as the primary addictive component of tobacco. Small preferences for one side of the apparatus played a major role in the development of nicotine-induced CPP. These findings suggest that biased procedures may be more suitable than unbiased procedures for evaluation of rewarding effects of nicotine using CPP paradigms. JF - Psychopharmacology AU - Le Foll, Bernard AU - Goldberg, Steven R AD - Preclinical Pharmacology Section, Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Department of Health and Human Services, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. blefoll@intra.nida.nih.gov. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 481 EP - 492 VL - 178 IS - 4 SN - 0033-3158, 0033-3158 KW - Nicotine KW - 6M3C89ZY6R KW - Index Medicus KW - Tobacco Use Disorder -- physiopathology KW - Animals KW - Ataxia -- chemically induced KW - Reinforcement (Psychology) KW - Hypokinesia -- chemically induced KW - Psychopharmacology -- instrumentation KW - Motor Activity -- physiology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Psychopharmacology -- methods KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Conditioning, Operant -- drug effects KW - Nicotine -- pharmacokinetics KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Nicotine -- adverse effects KW - Nicotine -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67511512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Nicotine+induces+conditioned+place+preferences+over+a+large+range+of+doses+in+rats.&rft.au=Le+Foll%2C+Bernard%3BGoldberg%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Le+Foll&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=178&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology&rft.issn=00333158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-20 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of occupational safety and health hazards in selected small businesses manufacturing wood pallets--part 1. Noise and physical hazards. AN - 67509173; 15764543 JF - Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene AU - Malkin, Robert AU - Hudock, Stephen D AU - Hayden, Charles AU - Lentz, Thomas J AU - Topmiller, Jennifer AU - Niemeier, Richard W AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Education and Information Division, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - D18 EP - D21 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Index Medicus KW - Musculoskeletal Diseases -- etiology KW - Musculoskeletal Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Humans KW - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Midwestern United States KW - Occupational Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Human Engineering -- methods KW - Noise, Occupational -- prevention & control KW - Wood KW - Noise, Occupational -- adverse effects KW - Manufactured Materials KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67509173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+occupational+safety+and+health+hazards+in+selected+small+businesses+manufacturing+wood+pallets--part+1.+Noise+and+physical+hazards.&rft.au=Malkin%2C+Robert%3BHudock%2C+Stephen+D%3BHayden%2C+Charles%3BLentz%2C+Thomas+J%3BTopmiller%2C+Jennifer%3BNiemeier%2C+Richard+W&rft.aulast=Malkin&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=D18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-04 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Matrix metalloproteinase induction in fibrosis and fibrotic nodule formation due to silica inhalation. AN - 67507533; 15608151 AB - Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the principle enzymes that initiate degradation of collagen. We examined the role of MMPs during alveolar wall fibrosis and fibrotic nodule formation from silica exposure. Rats were exposed to filtered air or 15 mg/m(3) silica by inhalation for 5 days/wk, 6 h/day. Lungs were preserved by intratracheal instillation of fixative at 20, 40, 60, 79, and 116 days of exposure. Additional groups were fixed after 20, 40, and 60 days of exposure followed by 36 days of recovery. The number of nodules, defined by a collagenous core and a bounding cell layer detached from the alveolar wall, was determined by morphometry. Lungs showed increased alveolar wall collagen and fibrotic nodules at 79 and 116 days of exposure with increased collagenase and gelatinase activity. The number of nodules per lung in exposed groups increased from 619 +/- 447 at 40 days to 13,221 +/- 1,096 at 116 days (means +/- SE, n = 5). No nodules were seen in control lungs. Silica-exposed rats with a 36-day recovery in filtered air showed enhanced MMP activity over exposure to silica for the same duration with no recovery. MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly elevated in alveolar macrophages after 40-day exposure. Stromelysin expression was demonstrated in alveolar macrophages and cells within fibrotic nodules. TIMP-1 expression was not significantly altered. In summary, MMP activity was upregulated at 40 days of silica exposure and progressively increased during ensuing fibrotic responses. Early expression of stromelysin was found in fibrosing alveolar walls and fibrotic nodules. JF - American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology AU - Scabilloni, James F AU - Wang, Liying AU - Antonini, James M AU - Roberts, Jenny R AU - Castranova, Vincent AU - Mercer, Robert R AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd., Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. zbc9@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - L709 EP - L717 VL - 288 IS - 4 SN - 1040-0605, 1040-0605 KW - Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 KW - 0 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Collagen KW - 9007-34-5 KW - Collagenases KW - EC 3.4.24.- KW - Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 KW - EC 3.4.24.17 KW - Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 KW - EC 3.4.24.24 KW - Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 KW - EC 3.4.24.35 KW - Index Medicus KW - Inhalation KW - Animals KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- pathology KW - Collagen -- metabolism KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- enzymology KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- enzymology KW - Silicon Dioxide -- toxicity KW - Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 -- pharmacology KW - Collagenases -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 -- metabolism KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Up-Regulation KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- pathology KW - Male KW - Silicosis -- pathology KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- pathology KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- enzymology KW - Silicosis -- enzymology KW - Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 -- biosynthesis KW - Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67507533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+physiology.+Lung+cellular+and+molecular+physiology&rft.atitle=Matrix+metalloproteinase+induction+in+fibrosis+and+fibrotic+nodule+formation+due+to+silica+inhalation.&rft.au=Scabilloni%2C+James+F%3BWang%2C+Liying%3BAntonini%2C+James+M%3BRoberts%2C+Jenny+R%3BCastranova%2C+Vincent%3BMercer%2C+Robert+R&rft.aulast=Scabilloni&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=L709&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+physiology.+Lung+cellular+and+molecular+physiology&rft.issn=10400605&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the effect of deoxynivalenol on selected male reproductive endpoints. AN - 67450197; 15721211 AB - The effect of deoxynivalenol (DON) exposure on male reproductive function was assessed in the rat. Male rats were divided into a control group (n=15 rats) and four treatment groups (0.5 mg/kg, n=15; 1.0 mg/kg, n=15; 2.5 mg/kg, n=15; and 5.0 mg/kg DON, n=16) and exposed to DON daily for 28 days via gastric intubation. Both body weight gain and the final body weight of animals in the 5.0 mg/kg dose group and feed consumption in animals in the 2.5 mg/kg and 5.0 mg/kg dose groups were significantly reduced compared to controls. Fluid consumption was not affected in any of the treated groups. Epididymal and seminal vesicle weights expressed per gram of body weight and brain weight were significantly reduced, compared to control weights, in animals from the 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg dose groups while prostate weight expressed per gram of brain weight and body weight was significantly lower than controls only in the 5.0 mg/kg dose group. A statistically significant, dose-related decrease in homogenization resistant testicular spermatid counts, spermatid numbers, absolute cauda epididymal sperm numbers and cauda epididymal sperm numbers per gram of cauda epididymis was observed in the 5.0 mg/kg DON treatment group. Sperm tail abnormalities (broken tails) in the 5.0 mg/kg dose group were significantly higher than in the control group. Sperm swimming speed (VSL and VCL) was significantly increased only in the 2.5 mg/kg dose group. Serum FSH and LH concentrations were increased in a dose dependent manner across all treated groups while serum testosterone concentrations were decreased in a dose-related manner across all dose groups. An increase in germ cell degeneration, sperm retention and abnormal nuclear morphology was observed in the 2.5 mg/kg and 5.0 mg/kg dose groups. Treatment related effects included lesions in the non-glandular stomach, thymic lymphoid depletion and splenic hematopoiesis in the 5.0 mg/kg treatment group. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Sprando, Robert L AU - Collins, Thomas F X AU - Black, Thomas N AU - Olejnik, Nicholas AU - Rorie, James I AU - Eppley, Robert M AU - Ruggles, Dennis I AD - Food and Drug Administration, Division of Toxicology and Nutritional Product Studies, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Laurel, MD 20708, USA. rsprando@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 623 EP - 635 VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Trichothecenes KW - 0 KW - deoxynivalenol KW - JT37HYP23V KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Body Weight KW - Sperm Count -- veterinary KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Endpoint Determination KW - Spermatozoa -- abnormalities KW - Male KW - Trichothecenes -- toxicity KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Spermatogenesis -- drug effects KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67450197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+effect+of+deoxynivalenol+on+selected+male+reproductive+endpoints.&rft.au=Sprando%2C+Robert+L%3BCollins%2C+Thomas+F+X%3BBlack%2C+Thomas+N%3BOlejnik%2C+Nicholas%3BRorie%2C+James+I%3BEppley%2C+Robert+M%3BRuggles%2C+Dennis+I&rft.aulast=Sprando&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=623&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maternal exposure to androstenedione does not induce developmental toxicity in the rat. AN - 67447159; 15721196 AB - Thirty-day old female rats received corn oil or androstenedione (in corn oil) at one of four concentrations (5.0, 10.0, 30.0 or 60.0 mg/kg body weight) by gavage for two weeks prior to mating, during the mating period and until gestation day (GD) 19. Caesarean sections were performed on GD 20. No dose related changes were observed in serum androstenedione, estradiol, LH, FSH, testosterone or progesterone. A statistically significant decrease in estrous cycle length was observed in the 60.0 mg/kg dose group only. Feed and fluid consumption, mean body weight gain, organ weight and fetal parameters were not affected by androstenedione treatment. At the doses given, androstenedione had no specific effect on the development of individual bones or soft tissues. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Sprando, Robert L AU - Collins, Thomas F X AU - Black, Thomas N AU - Olejnik, Nicholas AU - Sapienza, Philip AU - Ramos-Valle, Moraima AU - Ruggles, Dennis I AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, United States Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD 20708, USA. rsprando@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 505 EP - 513 VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Androstenedione KW - 409J2J96VR KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Bone and Bones -- embryology KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Estrus -- physiology KW - Androstenedione -- toxicity KW - Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Estrus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67447159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Maternal+exposure+to+androstenedione+does+not+induce+developmental+toxicity+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Sprando%2C+Robert+L%3BCollins%2C+Thomas+F+X%3BBlack%2C+Thomas+N%3BOlejnik%2C+Nicholas%3BSapienza%2C+Philip%3BRamos-Valle%2C+Moraima%3BRuggles%2C+Dennis+I&rft.aulast=Sprando&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=505&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Alcohol Use and Delinquent Behaviors among Youths. The NSDUH Report AN - 62138340; ED484694 AB - Alcohol use by youths has been linked to delinquent behaviors, such as stealing, illicit drug use, and problems in school. Research also indicates that early drinkers are more likely than nondrinkers to engage in delinquent behaviors. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) asks persons aged 12 or older to report their alcohol use in their lifetime, the past year, and the past 30 days, as well as binge drinking in the past 30 days. NSDUH defines binge alcohol use as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. Heavy alcohol use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on each of 5 or more days in the past 30 days. NSDUH also asks youths aged 12 to 17 how often they engaged in the following delinquent behaviors during the past year: (1) getting into a serious fight at school or work, (2) taking part in a fight where a group of friends fought against another group, (3) attacking someone with the intent to seriously hurt them, (4) stealing or trying to steal anything worth more than $50, (5) selling illegal drugs, and (6) carrying a handgun. The data is presented in this document. Y1 - 2005/04/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 01 SP - 3 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Secondary Education KW - Drinking KW - Alcohol Abuse KW - Delinquency KW - Surveys KW - Drug Use KW - Antisocial Behavior KW - Adolescents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62138340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Alcohol+Use+and+Delinquent+Behaviors+among+Youths.+The+NSDUH+Report&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Tribes and States Working Together: A Guide to Tribal-State Child Care Coordination AN - 62077559; ED493430 AB - The purpose of this guide is to increase the understanding of the rationale and benefits of States and Tribes working together to provide quality child care choices and services for the children and families they serve. The guide provides a description of Tribal sovereignty and the government-to-government relationship; an overview of the similarities and differences between State and Tribal CCDF programs; a discussion of the "Good Start, Grow Smart " Early Learning Initiative; and, examples of successful Tribal-State collaborative efforts. Lists of important Tribal, State, and Federal contacts are also included. [This booklet was developed in conjunction with the Child Care Bureau's annual National American Indian and Alaska Native Child Care Conference "Creating Positive Outcomes in Tribal Early Care and Education Settings" (11th, Salt Lake City, Utah, April 24-27, 2005).] Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 28 PB - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 200 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20201. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - State Programs KW - Tribes KW - State Government KW - Cooperation KW - Early Childhood Education KW - American Indian Education KW - Child Care KW - American Indians KW - Tribal Sovereignty KW - Educational Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62077559?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Monitoring the Future National Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview of Key Findings, 2004 AN - 62075411; ED489466 AB - Substance use by American young people has proven to be a rapidly-changing phenomenon, requiring frequent assessments and reassessments. Since the mid-1960s it has remained a major concern for the nation. Smoking, drinking, and illicit drug use are leading causes of morbidity and mortality, both during adolescence as well as later in life. How vigorously the nation responds to teenage substance use, how accurately it identifies the substance abuse problems that are emerging, and how well it comes to understand the effectiveness of the many policy and intervention efforts largely depend on the ongoing collection of valid and reliable data. Monitoring the Future is designed to help provide an accurate picture of what is happening in this domain and why; and it has served that function for 30 years now. First results from the Monitoring the Future study's 2004 nationwide survey of nearly 50,000 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students are given in this report. Recent trends in the use of licit and illicit drugs are emphasized. Trends in the levels of perceived risk and personal disapproval associated with each drug are also presented; this study has shown these beliefs and attitudes to be particularly important in explaining trends in use. In addition, trends in the perceived availability of each drug are presented. Following a brief introduction, the report presents a synopsis of the methods used in the study and an overview of the key results from the 2004 survey. Next is a section for each individual drug class, providing figures that show trends in the overall proportions of students at each grade level (a) using it, (b) seeing a "great risk" associated with its use, (c) disapproving its use, and (d) saying that they could get the drug "fairly easily" or "very easily." Trends for the interval 1991-2004 appear for all grades and for 1975-2004 for the 12th graders. The tables at the end of this report provide the statistics underlying the figures; in addition, they present data on lifetime, annual, 30-day, and (for selected drugs) daily prevalence. (Contains 13 tables.) AU - Johnston, Lloyd D. AU - O'Malley, Patrick M. AU - Bachman, Jerald G. AU - Schulenberg, John E. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 72 PB - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, P.O. Box 2345, Rockville, MD 20847-2345. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Grade 10 KW - Grade 12 KW - Grade 8 KW - Drinking KW - Substance Abuse KW - Stimulants KW - Narcotics KW - Secondary School Students KW - Marijuana KW - Smoking KW - Risk KW - Sedatives KW - Attitude Measures KW - Drug Use KW - Lysergic Acid Diethylamide KW - Adolescents KW - Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62075411?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW) CPS Sample Component Wave 1 Data Analysis Report AN - 61917850; ED501301 AB - The Children's Bureau of the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, has undertaken the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW) to learn about the experiences of children and families who come in contact with the child welfare system. NSCAW is gathering information associated with over 6,200 children from public child welfare agencies in a stratified random sample of 92 localities across the United States. The first national longitudinal study of its kind, NSCAW is examining the characteristics, needs, experiences, and outcomes for these children and families. The study will provide information about crucial program, policy, and practice issues of concern to the Federal government, state and local governments, and child welfare agencies. This report provides information about the characteristics of children and families who came into contact with the child welfare system through an investigation by child protective services. It provides a snapshot of the functioning and the potential service needs of children and families soon after a child protective services investigation has taken place. The study provides unique information about the effectiveness of efforts to intervene in the poor developmental trajectories of children involved with CWS. This report is organized into 12 chapters. Following an introduction, Chapter 2 provides a general overview of the NSCAW survey design and data sources, with a particular emphasis on the CPS component. The chapter also addresses response rates and potential sample bias. Chapters 3 through 5 examine the characteristics of the children in the CPS component of NSCAW. These chapters focus on the characteristics of the children, the environment in which these children live, and their developmental and functioning status. Chapter 6 addresses characteristics of the current caregivers. Chapter 7 describes the relationships between these children and their current caregiver. Chapter 8 examines children's service needs and receipt, and Chapter 9 the service needs and experiences of in-home current caregivers. Chapter 10 summarizes findings from a developmental perspective. Finally, Chapter 11 provides a summary of the findings and offers possible lessons for policy and practice that may be drawn from baseline data and analysis. Two appendixes are included: (1) Selected Analyses for Key States; and(2) Reliability of NSCAW Measures. (Contains 247 tables and 35 footnotes.) Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 442 PB - US Department of Health and Human Services. 200 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20201. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Substance Abuse KW - Depression (Psychology) KW - Family Influence KW - Individual Characteristics KW - Well Being KW - Child Health KW - Intervention KW - Welfare Services KW - Public Policy KW - Discipline KW - Child Welfare KW - Peer Relationship KW - Emotional Disturbances KW - Caregivers KW - Psychological Patterns KW - Parent Child Relationship KW - Child Development KW - Family Violence KW - Sampling KW - Investigations KW - Adolescents KW - Caregiver Child Relationship KW - At Risk Persons KW - Family Environment KW - Childhood Needs KW - Children KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Behavior Problems KW - Foster Care KW - Human Services KW - Family Programs KW - Social Services KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Child Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61917850?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for Transforming Mental Health Care through Data-Based Decision Making AN - 57213225; 200611458 AB - The President's New Freedom Commission on Mental Health calls for the transformation of the U.S. mental health-care system. The use of information technology is a cornerstone in the preparation for this mission. Achieving transformation, however, means overcoming existing hindrances to high-quality mental health care for all Americans. Strategies in financing, human resources, rapid integration of evidence-based practices, adoption of performance measures, & expanding the use of information technology are crucial to transforming the behavioral health-care system. 1 Table, 7 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Journal of Mental Health AU - Power, Kathryn AD - Center Mental Health Services, SAMHSA, U.S. Dept Health & Human Services, Rockville, MD Kathryn.power@samhsa.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 26 EP - 36 PB - M.E. Sharpe, Armonk NY VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0020-7411, 0020-7411 KW - Transformation KW - Decision making KW - Mental health care KW - Information technology KW - Strategies KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57213225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Mental+Health&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+Transforming+Mental+Health+Care+through+Data-Based+Decision+Making&rft.au=Power%2C+Kathryn&rft.aulast=Power&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Mental+Health&rft.issn=00207411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-28 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mental health care; Decision making; Transformation; Strategies; Information technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabotropic glutamate 2 receptor potentiators: receptor modulation, frequency-dependent synaptic activity, and efficacy in preclinical anxiety and psychosis model(s) AN - 218973294; 15717213 AB - Issue Title: Glutamate Receptor Subtypes: Promising New Pharmacotherapeutic Targets JF - Psychopharmacology AU - Johnson, Michael P AU - Barda, David AU - Britton, Thomas C AU - Emkey, Renee AU - Hornback, William J AU - Jagdmann, G Erik AU - McKinzie, David L AU - Nisenbaum, Eric S AU - Tizzano, Joseph P AU - Schoepp, Darryle D Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 271 EP - 83 CY - Heidelberg PB - Springer Science & Business Media VL - 179 IS - 1 SN - 00333158 KW - Pharmacy And Pharmacology KW - Cyclopropanes KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists KW - Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate KW - metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 KW - 2-(2,3-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine KW - Phencyclidine KW - Glycine KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred ICR KW - Cyclopropanes -- metabolism KW - Glycine -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Phencyclidine -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate -- physiology KW - Radioligand Assay KW - Glycine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Mice, Inbred DBA KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Synaptic Transmission -- drug effects KW - Anxiety -- drug therapy KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate -- agonists KW - Psychotic Disorders -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/218973294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthcompleteshell&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Metabotropic+glutamate+2+receptor+potentiators%3A+receptor+modulation%2C+frequency-dependent+synaptic+activity%2C+and+efficacy+in+preclinical+anxiety+and+psychosis+model%28s%29&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Michael+P%3BBarda%2C+David%3BBritton%2C+Thomas+C%3BEmkey%2C+Renee%3BHornback%2C+William+J%3BJagdmann%2C+G+Erik%3BMcKinzie%2C+David+L%3BNisenbaum%2C+Eric+S%3BTizzano%2C+Joseph+P%3BSchoepp%2C+Darryle+D&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology&rft.issn=00333158&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00213-004-2099-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Springer-Verlag 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-02 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-004-2099-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Should Female Federal Inmates Be Screened for Chlamydial and Gonococcal Infection? AN - 21201487; 11624955 AB - The study was implemented to assist the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) in designing a rational chlamydial and gonococcal screening protocol for female inmates based on prevalence of infection. Surveys were administered and urine and swab specimens collected from study participants. At the prison where women were screened at entry, 1.2% tested positive for CT and 0.3% tested positive for GC. At the prison where women were not screened, 2.3% were positive for CT; no GC cases were identified. At this site, young age (18-22 years) was the most important factor associated with infection (RR 6.4), where a prevalence of 8.5% was found. Prevalence among women age 30 and younger exceeded 3.5%O. Screening women age 30 and younger would identify more than 60% of cases at an estimated cost of less than $60,000 per year at this site. It is recommended that women 30 years of age and younger be screened at intake for chlamydial infection at federal prisons. JF - Journal of Correctional Health Care AU - Newman, Sara B AU - Nelson, Michael B AU - Friedman, Heidi B AU - Gaydos, Charlotte A AD - U.S. Public Health Service, Division of Immigration Health Services, Washington, DC; 10 N. Fillmore St., Arlington, VA 22201 Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 137 EP - 155 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1078-3458, 1078-3458 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Prisons KW - Guanylate cyclase KW - Age KW - Urine KW - Infection KW - J 02400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21201487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Correctional+Health+Care&rft.atitle=Should+Female+Federal+Inmates+Be+Screened+for+Chlamydial+and+Gonococcal+Infection%3F&rft.au=Newman%2C+Sara+B%3BNelson%2C+Michael+B%3BFriedman%2C+Heidi+B%3BGaydos%2C+Charlotte+A&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Correctional+Health+Care&rft.issn=10783458&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F107834580401100203 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Guanylate cyclase; Prisons; Age; Urine; Infection DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107834580401100203 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Power and Sample Size Calculation of Comparative Diagnostic Accuracy Studies with Multiple Correlated Test Results AN - 21075080; 11132748 AB - We consider the power and sample size calculation of diagnostic studies with normally distributed multiple correlated test results. We derive test statistics and obtain power and sample size formulas. The methods are illustrated using an example of comparison of CT and PET scanner for detecting extra-hepatic disease for colorectal cancer. JF - Biometrical Journal AU - Liu, Aiyi AU - Schisterman, Enrique F AU - Mazumdar, Madhu AU - Hu, Jiang AD - Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Department of Health and Human Services, 6100 Executive Blvd., Rockville, MD 20852, USA, liua@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 140 EP - 150 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0323-3847, 0323-3847 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Statistics KW - Colorectal cancer KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21075080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biometrical+Journal&rft.atitle=Power+and+Sample+Size+Calculation+of+Comparative+Diagnostic+Accuracy+Studies+with+Multiple+Correlated+Test+Results&rft.au=Liu%2C+Aiyi%3BSchisterman%2C+Enrique+F%3BMazumdar%2C+Madhu%3BHu%2C+Jiang&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Aiyi&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biometrical+Journal&rft.issn=03233847&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbimj.200410094 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colorectal cancer; Statistics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bimj.200410094 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Local Delivery of Vancomycin for the Prophylaxis of Prosthetic Device-Related Infections AN - 19770092; 6642958 AB - Purpose.: To evaluate the in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetics of vancomycin delivered from glycerylmonostearate (GMS) implants in a prosthetic-device based biofilm infection model. Methods.: A biofilm infection model was developed in male Sprague-Dawley rats by implanting a vascular graft on the dorsal side of each rat and infecting it with 1.5 x 10 super(8) cfu/ml Staphylococcus epidermidis. The rats were divided into 3 groups of 6 rats each: 1) the control group that received no antibiotics, 2) the IM group that received multiple IM injections of vancomycin at a dose of 25 mg/kg every 6 h for a total of 12 doses, and 3) the implant group that received GMS implants designed to deliver vancomycin at a total dose of 300 mg/kg for a period of 4 days. The pharmacokinetics of vancomycin was determined from IM and implant groups by analyzing for vancomycin in blood using HPLC. In vivo efficacy was studied by evaluation of the wound site and the prosthetic device upon excision, for evidence of infection in the form of purulent discharge at the wound site and yellowish discoloration of the prosthetic device and inflammation as sign of biofilm formation. Microbiological evaluation on the wound site and the prosthetic device was performed by culturing the swabs at the wound site and the prosthetic device in sterile tryptic soy broth for 36-48 h at 37 degree C. Results.: Vancomycin was successfully delivered in a sustained manner for 100 h from GMS implants and the resulting plasma profile showed that the concentrations, after an initial burst, plateaued at about of 4.77 plus or minus 1.43 mu g/ml with less fluctuations than the IM group in which the plasma concentrations fluctuated between 2.73 plus or minus 0.94 mu g/ml and 19.26 plus or minus 3.67 mu g/ml. Upon excision of the wound site, all the animals in the control group developed infection in the form of purulent discharge and yellowish discoloration of the prosthetic device. However, none of the rats in the implant group showed evidence of infection clearly demonstrating the efficacy of the local delivery system in preventing infection. Systemically delivered vancomycin by IM injections failed to prevent infection in four out of six rats. Microbiological evaluation of the wound site and prosthetic device resulted in isolation of biofilm-producing organisms such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus. These organisms were isolated in greater number of animals in the control group compared to the IM and implant groups. Conclusions.: The GMS implants as a delivery system for vancomycin were successful in preventing infection in all the animals compared to the IM and control groups demonstrating the efficacy of a local delivery system in a prosthetic device related biofilm infection model. JF - Pharmaceutical Research AU - Chilukuri, Dakshina M AU - Shah, Jaymin C AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA, chilukurid@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 563 EP - 572 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0724-8741, 0724-8741 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - Enterococcus faecalis KW - Animal models KW - Antibiotics KW - Infection KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Inflammation KW - Models KW - Soybeans KW - Wounds KW - Blood KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Prophylaxis KW - Vancomycin KW - Biofilms KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Staphylococcus epidermidis KW - Prosthetics KW - Vascular system KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19770092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmaceutical+Research&rft.atitle=Local+Delivery+of+Vancomycin+for+the+Prophylaxis+of+Prosthetic+Device-Related+Infections&rft.au=Chilukuri%2C+Dakshina+M%3BShah%2C+Jaymin+C&rft.aulast=Chilukuri&rft.aufirst=Dakshina&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=563&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmaceutical+Research&rft.issn=07248741&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11095-005-2497-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - High-performance liquid chromatography; Animal models; Antibiotics; Infection; Pharmacokinetics; Wounds; Soybeans; Models; Inflammation; Blood; Colony-forming cells; Prophylaxis; Vancomycin; Biofilms; Vascular system; Prosthetics; Enterococcus faecalis; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-005-2497-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - por Variable-Region Typing by DNA Probe Hybridization Is Broadly Applicable to Epidemiologic Studies of Neisseria gonorrhoeae AN - 17875155; 6268094 AB - The porin gene (porB) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae encodes the major outer membrane protein identified as PI or Por. To examine the utility of por variable-region (VR) typing, porB from 206 isolates was characterized by using oligonucleotide probes in a checkerboard hybridization assay that identifies the sequence types of five VRs of both PIA and PIB porB alleles. The strains represented temporally and geographically distinct isolates, isolates from a large cluster, epidemiologically linked partner isolates, and a collection of strains from disseminated gonococcal infections. By using rigorous epidemiologic criteria for transmission of infection between sex partners, por VR typing was more discriminatory than serovar typing in classifying isolates from both members of 43 epidemiologically linked pairs: 39 of 43 pairs were classified as coinciding by por VR typing compared to 43 of 43 by serovar determination (P = 0.058). porB sequence data confirmed the accuracy of the por VR method. Relationships between VR type and serovar typing monoclonal antibodies were observed for all six PIB and three of six PIA antibodies. por VR typing is a molecular tool that appears to have broad applicability. This method can be adapted to a wide range of technologies from simple hybridization to microarray and may allow for typing from noncultured clinical specimens. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Bash, Margaret C AU - Zhu, Peixuan AU - Gulati, Sunita AU - McKnew, Durrie AU - Rice, Peter A AU - Lynn, Freyja AD - Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland. Evans Biomedical Research Center, Department of Medicine and Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, D.C Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 1522 EP - 1530 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Typing KW - Epidemiology KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - DNA probes KW - Porins KW - Infection KW - Major outer membrane protein KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17875155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=por+Variable-Region+Typing+by+DNA+Probe+Hybridization+Is+Broadly+Applicable+to+Epidemiologic+Studies+of+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae&rft.au=Bash%2C+Margaret+C%3BZhu%2C+Peixuan%3BGulati%2C+Sunita%3BMcKnew%2C+Durrie%3BRice%2C+Peter+A%3BLynn%2C+Freyja&rft.aulast=Bash&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1522&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Typing; Epidemiology; Monoclonal antibodies; Porins; DNA probes; Major outer membrane protein; Infection; Oligonucleotides; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the NIOSH MWF Total Particulate Matter: Thoracic Particulate Matter Conversion Factor in a Machining Environment AN - 17865373; 6261035 AB - Worker exposures to metalworking fluids were characterized at a plant that produced air compressors. Full-shift, side-by-side air samples (n = 147) were collected and analyzed for total particulate matter, extractable total particulate matter, thoracic particulate matter, and extractable thoracic particulate matter. The thoracic particulate matter geometric mean of 0.32 mg/m super(3) was below the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommended exposure limit (REL) of 0.4 mg/m super(3). The total particulate matter geometric mean of 0.52 mg/m super(3), however, was above 0.5 mg/m super(3), the total particulate matter concentration offered as a surrogate REL in the NIOSH Criteria for a Recommended Standard for Occupational Exposure to Metalworking Fluids. Of the 83 total particulate matter results that were at or above 0.5 mg/m super(3), only 50 (60%) of the corresponding thoracic particulate matter results were at or above 0.4 mg/m super(3). These data indicated a conversion factor of 1.65 between thoracic particulate matter and total particulate matter concentrations and 1.40 between thoracic extractable particulate matter and total extractable concentrations. These factors were significantly different from the 1.25 used to compare total particulate matter with thoracic particulate matter concentrations in the NIOSH Criteria Document (p < 0.01) and call into question the validity of a universal conversion factor. The authors conclude that thoracic particulate matter exposure assessment should be done directly. In terms of protecting the worker, however, the 1.25 conversion factor appeared to be conservative since each time a total particulate matter result was below 0.5 mg/m super(3), its paired thoracic particulate matter measurement was below 0.4 mg/m super(3). JF - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene AU - Reh, B D AU - Harney, J M AU - McCleery, R E AU - Mueller, CA AD - NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Mailstop R-11, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, rmccleery@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 239 EP - 243 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Occupational safety KW - Particulates KW - Air sampling KW - metal-working fluids KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17865373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+NIOSH+MWF+Total+Particulate+Matter%3A+Thoracic+Particulate+Matter+Conversion+Factor+in+a+Machining+Environment&rft.au=Reh%2C+B+D%3BHarney%2C+J+M%3BMcCleery%2C+R+E%3BMueller%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Reh&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15459620590933766 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particulates; Occupational exposure; metal-working fluids; Occupational safety; Air sampling DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620590933766 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clinical relevance of preclinical testing for allergic side effects AN - 17809383; 6203420 AB - Immune-mediated hypersensitivity reactions include exaggerated humoral or cell mediated responses to specific antigens and may culminate in adverse, potentially life threatening effects. The immune status of the host and presence of infections or other disorders can alter the kind and extent of immune mediated side effects in individuals. Such variability in the immune status may influence the type of idiosyncratic reaction(s) that patients manifest. The issues typically encountered from a drug development standpoint include the potential for contact hypersensitivity, respiratory sensitivity, systemic hypersensitivity, photoallergy, and pseudoallergy. There are no accepted in vitro or in vivo models available to measure and predict all types of hypersensitivity reactions in humans. There is a need for the development of preclinical models to predict all types of hypersensitivity reactions in humans. The FDA immunotoxicology guidance document recommends doing preclinical testing in animal models for topical and inhalational drugs before initiation of multiple dose studies in humans. Any signs of potential immune related drug hypersensitivity should be further evaluated in an attempt to further understand the potential for hypersensitivity reactions in humans. In summary, existing preclinical models have limited capability for prediction of drug allergy in humans except for topical and inhalational drugs. Additional tools are needed to evaluate drugs in early development and improve performance of existing assays. JF - Toxicology AU - Bala, S AU - Weaver, J AU - Hastings, K L AD - Division of Special Pathogen and Immunologic Drug Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, USA, balas@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 195 EP - 200 PB - Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd., P.O. Box 85 Limerick Ireland VL - 209 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Drug KW - Hypersensitivity KW - Allergy KW - Immune KW - Systemic KW - Contact KW - Respiratory KW - Animal models KW - Preclinical testing KW - Biomarkers KW - Immune status KW - Photoallergy KW - Contact dermatitis KW - Drug development KW - Immunosuppressive agents KW - Side effects KW - X 24113:Side effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17809383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Clinical+relevance+of+preclinical+testing+for+allergic+side+effects&rft.au=Bala%2C+S%3BWeaver%2C+J%3BHastings%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Bala&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=209&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tox.2004.12.030 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immune status; Photoallergy; Hypersensitivity; Contact dermatitis; Animal models; Drug development; Immunosuppressive agents; Side effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2004.12.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of oral androstenedione on steroid metabolism in liver of pregnant and non-pregnant female rats AN - 17802590; 6161634 AB - It is unknown whether androstenedione, a steroidal dietary supplement taken to enhance athletic performance, can affect physiological hormone levels by altering liver enzyme activities that metabolize steroid hormones. Altered hormone levels could be especially devastating during pregnancy. Mature female rats were gavaged with 0, 5, 30 or 60 mg/kg/day androstenedione beginning two weeks prior to mating and continuing through gestation day 19. Non-pregnant female rats were gavaged over the same time frame with 0 or 60 mg/kg/day androstenedione. Livers were removed from dams on gestation day 20 and from non- pregnant rats after five weeks' treatment. Liver microsomes were incubated with 200 mu M testosterone, and the reaction products were isolated and analyzed by HPLC. In pregnant rats, formation of 6 alpha -, 15 beta -, 7 alpha -, 16 beta -, and 2 beta -hydroxytestosterone was increased significantly vs. control at the highest dose level only. Formation of 6 beta -hydroxytestosterone increased significantly at both the 30 and 60 mg/kg/day dose levels. In non-pregnant rats, 60 mg/kg/day androstenedione significantly increased formation of 15 beta -, 6 beta -, 16 beta -, and 2 beta -hydroxytestosterone. The data suggest that high oral doses of androstenedione can induce some female rat liver cytochromes P450 that metabolize steroid hormones and that the response to androstenedione does not differ between pregnant and non-pregnant female rats. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Flynn, T J AU - Sapienza, P P AU - Wiesenfeld, P W AU - Ross, IA AU - Sahu, S AU - Kim, C S AU - O'Donnell, M W AU - Collins, TFX AU - Sprando, R L AD - US FDA, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA, tflynn@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 537 EP - 542 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - rats KW - 2^b-hydroxytestosterone KW - 2 beta -hydroxytestosterone KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Physical Education Index KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - Androstenedione KW - Microsomes KW - Animal subjects KW - Physiology KW - Enzymes KW - Steroid hormones KW - Hormones KW - Pregnancy KW - Testosterone KW - Dietary supplements KW - Analysis KW - Gestation KW - Motor performance KW - Liver KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - Diet KW - Steroids KW - Metabolism KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17802590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+oral+androstenedione+on+steroid+metabolism+in+liver+of+pregnant+and+non-pregnant+female+rats&rft.au=Flynn%2C+T+J%3BSapienza%2C+P+P%3BWiesenfeld%2C+P+W%3BRoss%2C+IA%3BSahu%2C+S%3BKim%2C+C+S%3BO%27Donnell%2C+M+W%3BCollins%2C+TFX%3BSprando%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Flynn&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=537&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fct.2004.12.007 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Animal subjects; Hormones; Liver; Steroids; Analysis; Metabolism; Enzymes; Dietary supplements; Pregnancy; Diet; Motor performance; Physiology; Androstenedione; Steroid hormones; Gestation; High-performance liquid chromatography; Cytochrome P450; Testosterone; Microsomes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2004.12.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anthrax Lethal Toxin Blocks MAPK Kinase-Dependent IL-2 Production in CD4 super(+) T Cells AN - 17625482; 6267186 AB - Anthrax lethal toxin (LT) is a critical virulence factor that cleaves and inactivates MAPK kinases (MAPKKs) in host cells and has been proposed as a therapeutic target in the treatment of human anthrax infections. Despite the potential use of anti-toxin agents in humans, the standard activity assays for anthrax LT are currently based on cytotoxic actions of anthrax LT that are cell-, strain-, and species-specific, which have not been demonstrated to occur in human cells. We now report that T cell proliferation and IL-2 production inversely correlate with anthrax LT levels in human cell assays. The model CD4 super(+) T cell tumor line, Jurkat, is a susceptible target for the specific protease action of anthrax LT. Anthrax LT cleaves and inactivates MAPKKs in Jurkat cells, whereas not affecting proximal or parallel TCR signal transduction pathways. Moreover, anthrax LT specifically inhibits PMA/ionomycin- and anti-CD3-induced IL-2 production in Jurkat cells. An inhibitor of the protease activity of anthrax LT completely restores IL-2 production by anthrax LT-treated Jurkat cells. Anthrax LT acts on primary CD4 super(+) T cells as well, cleaving MAPKKs and leading to a 95% reduction in anti-CD3-induced proliferation and IL-2 production. These findings not only will be useful in the development of new human cell-based bioassays for the activity of anthrax LT, but they also suggest new mechanisms that facilitate immune evasion by Bacillus anthracis. Specifically, anthrax LT inhibits IL-2 production and proliferative responses in CD4 super(+) T cells, thereby blocking functions that are pivotal in the regulation of immune responses. JF - Journal of Immunology AU - Fang, Hui AU - Cordoba-Rodriguez, Ruth AU - Lankford, Carla SR AU - Frucht, David M AD - Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Science, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892 Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 4966 EP - 4971 PB - American Association of Immunologists, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3998 USA, [URL:http://www.jimmunol.org/] VL - 174 IS - 8 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - F 06106:Bacteria KW - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17625482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=Anthrax+Lethal+Toxin+Blocks+MAPK+Kinase-Dependent+IL-2+Production+in+CD4+super%28%2B%29+T+Cells&rft.au=Fang%2C+Hui%3BCordoba-Rodriguez%2C+Ruth%3BLankford%2C+Carla+SR%3BFrucht%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Fang&rft.aufirst=Hui&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4966&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suppressive Oligodeoxynucleotides Protect Mice from Lethal Endotoxic Shock AN - 17623416; 6267140 AB - Endotoxic shock is a life-threatening condition caused by exposure to bacterial LPS. LPS triggers the release of acute phase, proinflammatory, and Th1 cytokines that facilitate the development of endotoxic shock. Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) expressing suppressive TTAGGG motifs effectively down-regulate the production of proinflammatory and Th1 cytokines elicited by a variety of immune stimuli. The current results demonstrate that suppressive ODN protect mice from LPS-induced endotoxic shock. Underlying this protective effect is the ability of suppressive ODN to bind to and prevent the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT4, thereby blocking the signaling cascade mediated by LPS-induced IFN- beta and IL-12. These findings suggest that suppressive ODN might be of use in the treatment of endotoxic shock. JF - Journal of Immunology AU - Shirota, Hidekazu AU - Gursel, Ihsan AU - Gursel, Mayda AU - Klinman, Dennis M AD - Section of Retroviral Immunology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892 Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 4579 EP - 4583 PB - American Association of Immunologists, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3998 USA, [URL:http://www.jimmunol.org/] VL - 174 IS - 8 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - mice KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - F 06106:Bacteria KW - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17623416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=Suppressive+Oligodeoxynucleotides+Protect+Mice+from+Lethal+Endotoxic+Shock&rft.au=Shirota%2C+Hidekazu%3BGursel%2C+Ihsan%3BGursel%2C+Mayda%3BKlinman%2C+Dennis+M&rft.aulast=Shirota&rft.aufirst=Hidekazu&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory Morbidity in Office Workers in a Water-Damaged Building AN - 17596594; 6489380 AB - We conducted a study on building-related respiratory disease and associated social impact in an office building with water incursions in the northeastern United States. An initial questionnaire had 67% participation (888/1,327). Compared with the U.S. adult population, prevalence ratios were 2.2-2.5 for wheezing, lifetime asthma, and current asthma, 3.3 for adult-onset asthma, and 3.4 for symptoms improving away from work (p < 0.05). Two-thirds (66/103) of the adult- onset asthma arose after occupancy, with an incidence rate of 1.9/1,000 person-years before building occupancy and 14.5/1,000 person-years after building occupancy. We conducted a second survey on 140 respiratory cases, 63 subjects with fewer symptoms, and 44 comparison subjects. Health-related quality of life decreased with increasing severity of respiratory symptoms and in those with work-related symptoms. Symptom status was not associated with job satisfaction or how often jobs required hard work. Respiratory health problems accounted for one-third of sick leave, and respiratory cases with work-related symptoms had more respiratory sick days than those without work-related symptoms (9.4 vs. 2.4 days/year; p < 0.01). Abnormal lung function and/or breathing medication use was found in 67% of respiratory cases, in 38% of participants with fewer symptoms, and in 11% of the comparison group (p < 0.01), with similar results in never-smokers. Postoccupancy-onset asthma was associated with less atopy than preoccupancy-onset asthma. Occupancy of the water-damaged building was associated with onset and exacerbation of respiratory conditions, confirmed by objective medical tests. The morbidity and lost work time burdened both employees and employers. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Cox-Ganser, J M AU - White, S K AU - Jones, R AU - Hilsbos, K AU - Storey, E AU - Enright, P L AU - Rao, CY AU - Kreiss, K AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Suite H-2800, 1095 Willowdale Rd., Morgantown, WV 26505, USA, jjc8@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 485 EP - 490 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 113 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Asthma KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Respiratory function KW - Morbidity KW - Occupational health KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17596594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Respiratory+Morbidity+in+Office+Workers+in+a+Water-Damaged+Building&rft.au=Cox-Ganser%2C+J+M%3BWhite%2C+S+K%3BJones%2C+R%3BHilsbos%2C+K%3BStorey%2C+E%3BEnright%2C+P+L%3BRao%2C+CY%3BKreiss%2C+K&rft.aulast=Cox-Ganser&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=485&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asthma; Respiratory function; Respiratory diseases; Morbidity; Occupational health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The critical ventilation velocity in tunnel fires; a computer simulation AN - 17557970; 6446514 AB - In ventilated tunnel fires, smoke and hot combustion products may form a layer near the ceiling and flow in the direction opposite to the ventilation stream. The existence of this reverse stratified flow has an important bearing on fire fighting and evacuation of underground mine roadways, tunnels and building corridors. In the present study, conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, a CFD program (fire dynamics simulator) based on large eddy simulations (LES) is used to model floor-level fires in a ventilated tunnel. Specifically, the critical ventilation velocity that is just sufficient to prevent the formation of a reverse stratified layer is simulated for two tunnels of different size. The computer code is verified by checking the computed velocity profile against experimental measurements. The CFD results show the leveling-off of the critical ventilation velocity as the heat release rate surpasses a certain value. At this critical ventilation, the ceiling temperature above the fire reaches a maximum for both tunnels. The velocity leveling-off can be explained from this observation. An extended correlation of Newman (Combust. Flame 57 (1984) 33) is applied to the temperature profiles obtained by CFD. At the critical ventilation, temperature stratification exists downstream from the fire. The computed critical ventilation velocity shows fair agreement with available experimental data taken from both horizontal and inclined fire tunnels. The CFD simulations indicate that the Froude modeling is an approximation for tunnel fires. The Froude-scaling law does not apply to two geometrically similar fire tunnels. The CFD results are compared with two simple theories of critical ventilation by Kennedy et al. (ASHRAE Trans. Res. 102(2) (1996) 40) and Kunsch (Fire safety J. 37 (2002) 67). JF - Fire Safety Journal AU - Hwang, C C AU - Edwards, J C AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0070, USA, ckh9@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 213 EP - 244 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 40 IS - 3 SN - 0379-7112, 0379-7112 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Ventilation KW - Combustion products KW - Occupational safety KW - Stratification KW - Fires KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Velocity KW - Mines KW - Tunnels KW - evacuation KW - Smoke KW - H 7000:Fire Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17557970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fire+Safety+Journal&rft.atitle=The+critical+ventilation+velocity+in+tunnel+fires%3B+a+computer+simulation&rft.au=Hwang%2C+C+C%3BEdwards%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fire+Safety+Journal&rft.issn=03797112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.firesaf.2004.11.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tunnels; Fires; Ventilation; Velocity; Simulation; Occupational safety; Temperature; Combustion products; evacuation; Stratification; Mines; Smoke DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2004.11.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A structure-based method for protein sequence alignment AN - 17540433; 6244425 AB - MOTIVATION: With the continuing rapid growth of protein sequence data, protein sequence comparison methods have become the most widely used tools of bioinformatics. Among these methods are those that use position-specific scoring matrices (PSSMs) to describe protein families. PSSMs can capture information about conserved patterns within families, which can be used to increase the sensitivity of searches for related sequences. Certain types of structural information, however, are not generally captured by PSSM search methods. Here we introduce a program, Structure-based ALignment TOol (SALTO), that aligns protein query sequences to PSSMs using rules for placing and scoring gaps that are consistent with the conserved regions of domain alignments from NCBI's Conserved Domain Database. RESULTS: In most cases, the alignment scores obtained using the local alignment version follow an extreme value distribution. SALTO's performance in finding related sequences and producing accurate alignments is similar to or better than that of IMPALA; one advantage of SALTO is that it imposes an explicit gapping model on each protein family. AVAILABILITY: A stand-alone version of the program that can generate global or local alignments is available by ftp distribution (ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/SALTO/), and has been incorporated to Cn3D structure/alignment viewer. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Kann, Maricel G AU - Thiessen, Paul A AU - Panchenko, Anna R AU - Schaeffer, Alejandro A AU - Altschul, Stephen F AU - Bryant, Stephen H AD - National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda, MD 20894, USA, bryant@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 1451 EP - 1456 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 21 IS - 8 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Protein structure KW - Computer programs KW - Databases KW - protein families KW - Bioinformatics KW - Amino acid sequence KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17540433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=A+structure-based+method+for+protein+sequence+alignment&rft.au=Kann%2C+Maricel+G%3BThiessen%2C+Paul+A%3BPanchenko%2C+Anna+R%3BSchaeffer%2C+Alejandro+A%3BAltschul%2C+Stephen+F%3BBryant%2C+Stephen+H&rft.aulast=Kann&rft.aufirst=Maricel&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amino acid sequence; protein families; Bioinformatics; Databases; Computer programs; Protein structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sample size for gene expression microarray experiments AN - 17536471; 6244432 AB - MOTIVATION: Microarray experiments often involve hundreds or thousands of genes. In a typical experiment, only a fraction of genes are expected to be differentially expressed; in addition, the measured intensities among different genes may be correlated. Depending on the experimental objectives, sample size calculations can be based on one of the three specified measures: sensitivity, true discovery and accuracy rates. The sample size problem is formulated as: the number of arrays needed in order to achieve the desired fraction of the specified measure at the desired family-wise power at the given type I error and (standardized) effect size. RESULTS: We present a general approach for estimating sample size under independent and equally correlated models using binomial and beta-binomial models, respectively. The sample sizes needed for a two-sample z-test are computed; the computed theoretical numbers agree well with the Monte Carlo simulation results. But, under more general correlation structures, the beta-binomial model can underestimate the needed samples by about 1-5 arrays. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Tsai, Chen-An AU - Wang, Sue-Jane AU - Chen, Dung-Tsa AU - Chen, James J AD - Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Division of Biometrics II, Office of Biostatistics, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration Rockville, MD 20857, USA. Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, University of Alabama at Birmingham 153 Wallace Tumor Institute, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA, jchen@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 1502 EP - 1508 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 21 IS - 8 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Gene expression KW - Mathematical models KW - Bioinformatics KW - DNA microarrays KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17536471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Sample+size+for+gene+expression+microarray+experiments&rft.au=Tsai%2C+Chen-An%3BWang%2C+Sue-Jane%3BChen%2C+Dung-Tsa%3BChen%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Tsai&rft.aufirst=Chen-An&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1502&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Gene expression; DNA microarrays; Monte Carlo simulation; Bioinformatics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A SAS/IML program for simulating pharmacokinetic data AN - 17529386; 6214487 AB - Data simulation can be an invaluable tool for optimizing the design of bioequivalence trials. It can be particularly useful when exploring alternative approaches for assessing product comparability especially in the context of encountering various complex experimental situations that can occur in veterinary medicine. With this in mind, we designed a novel SAS/IML program to generate pharmacokinetic datasets that reflect the various kinetic, population, and study design characteristics that complicate the bioequivalence evaluation of animal health products. Developing this simulation program within SAS provides an opportunity to utilize the statistical capabilities of this software platform. JF - Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine AU - Russek-Cohen, Estelle AU - Martinez, Marilyn N AU - Nevius, Anna B AD - Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, mmartin1@cvm.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 39 EP - 60 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 78 IS - 1 SN - 0169-2607, 0169-2607 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Veterinary medicine KW - Data processing KW - Statistical analysis KW - Population studies KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - W4 140:Bioinformatics & Computers in Health & Medicine KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17529386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computer+Methods+and+Programs+in+Biomedicine&rft.atitle=A+SAS%2FIML+program+for+simulating+pharmacokinetic+data&rft.au=Russek-Cohen%2C+Estelle%3BMartinez%2C+Marilyn+N%3BNevius%2C+Anna+B&rft.aulast=Russek-Cohen&rft.aufirst=Estelle&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computer+Methods+and+Programs+in+Biomedicine&rft.issn=01692607&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cmpb.2004.10.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pharmacokinetics; Veterinary medicine; Statistical analysis; software; Population studies; Computer programs; Data processing DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2004.10.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitation of Carcinogenic Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines and Detection of Novel Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Cooked Meats and Grill Scrapings by HPLC/ESI-MS AN - 17504342; 6394372 AB - A tandem solid-phase extraction method was used to isolate carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) from cooked meats. The following 10 HAAs were identified by HPLC/ESI-MS/MS: 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (2-A alpha C), 2-amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (MeA alpha C), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (IQx), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (8-MeIQx), 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (4,8-DiMeIQx), 2-amino-3,7,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (7,8-DiMeIQx), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-pnenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), 2-amino-1,7,9-trimethylimidazo[4,5-g]quinoxaline (7,9-DiMeIgQx), and 2-amino-1-methylimidazo[4,5-b]quinoline (IQ[4,5-b]); the latter HAA has not previously been reported in cooked meats. The concentrations of these HAAs ranged from <0.03 to 15 ppb in cooked meats and poultry, to 75 ppb in cooked beef extract, and to 85 ppb in grill scrapings. The product ion scan mode was used to confirm the identities of these HAAs. Six other compounds were detected that appear to contain the N-methylimidazoquinoxaline skeleton on the basis of their product ion spectra, and these compounds are probable isomers of IQx, 8-MeIQx, and DiMeIQx. A number of known HAAs and novel HAAs of unknown genotoxic potential are formed at appreciable levels in cooked meats. JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Turesky, R J AU - Taylor, J AU - Schnackenberg, L AU - Freeman, J P AU - Holland, R D AD - Division of Chemistry, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 3248 EP - 3258 VL - 53 IS - 8 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - Meat KW - Poultry KW - amines KW - Beef KW - Genotoxicity KW - Quantitation KW - Aromatics KW - Isomers KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17504342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Quantitation+of+Carcinogenic+Heterocyclic+Aromatic+Amines+and+Detection+of+Novel+Heterocyclic+Aromatic+Amines+in+Cooked+Meats+and+Grill+Scrapings+by+HPLC%2FESI-MS&rft.au=Turesky%2C+R+J%3BTaylor%2C+J%3BSchnackenberg%2C+L%3BFreeman%2C+J+P%3BHolland%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Turesky&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf048290g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Meat; Aromatics; amines; High-performance liquid chromatography; Isomers; Beef; Poultry; Quantitation; Genotoxicity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf048290g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenotypic and Genetic Characterization of Clinical Isolates of CDC Coryneform Group A-3: Proposal of a New Species of Cellulomonas, Cellulomonas denverensis sp. nov. AN - 17493360; 6268126 AB - CDC coryneform group A-3 bacteria are rare human pathogens. In this study, six group A-3 isolates (two from blood, one from cerebrospinal fluid, and one each from homograft valve, lip wound, and pilonidal cyst) were compared to the type strains of phenotypically related organisms, Cellulomonas fimi, Cellulomonas hominis, Oerskovia turbata, and Sanguibacter suarezii, and characterized by phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genotypic studies. DNA-DNA reassociation analysis identified two genomic groups, and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence identified the taxonomic positions of these groups to genus level. Two groups were defined, and both were more closely related to Cellulomonas species: one group of three strains, for which we propose the new species Cellulomonas denverensis sp. nov., with the type strain W6929 (ATCC BAA-788 super(T) or DSM 15764 super(T)), was related to C. hominis ATCC 51964 super(T) (98.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), and the second group of three strains was related to C. hominis ATCC 51964 super(T) (99.8 to 99.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The definition of this new Cellulomonas species and the confirmation of three strains as C. hominis serve to further clarify the complex taxonomy of CDC coryneform group A-3 bacteria and will assist in our understanding of the epidemiology and clinical significance of these microorganisms. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Brown, June M AU - Frazier, Rodrick P AU - Morey, Roger E AU - Steigerwalt, Arnold G AU - Pellegrini, Gerald J AU - Daneshvar, Maryam I AU - Hollis, Dannie G AU - McNeil, Michael M AD - Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333 Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 1732 EP - 1737 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Coryneforms KW - Pathogens KW - Cysts KW - Reassociation KW - Oerskovia turbata KW - Cellulomonas denverensis KW - Blood KW - Cerebrospinal fluid KW - Lip KW - Epidemiology KW - Cellulomonas fimi KW - Wound infection KW - Sanguibacter suarezii KW - Taxonomy KW - rRNA 16S KW - New species KW - Cellulomonas hominis KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17493360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Phenotypic+and+Genetic+Characterization+of+Clinical+Isolates+of+CDC+Coryneform+Group+A-3%3A+Proposal+of+a+New+Species+of+Cellulomonas%2C+Cellulomonas+denverensis+sp.+nov.&rft.au=Brown%2C+June+M%3BFrazier%2C+Rodrick+P%3BMorey%2C+Roger+E%3BSteigerwalt%2C+Arnold+G%3BPellegrini%2C+Gerald+J%3BDaneshvar%2C+Maryam+I%3BHollis%2C+Dannie+G%3BMcNeil%2C+Michael+M&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=June&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1732&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cellulomonas denverensis; Cellulomonas fimi; Cellulomonas hominis; Oerskovia turbata; Sanguibacter suarezii; rRNA 16S; Coryneforms; New species; Pathogens; Lip; Cysts; Blood; Epidemiology; Wound infection; Taxonomy; Cerebrospinal fluid; Reassociation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of Green Fluorescent Protein-Expressing Bacterial Strains and Evaluation for Potential Use As Positive Controls in Sample Analyses AN - 17487920; 6256758 AB - Strains of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium were engineered to express the gene for a modified green fluorescent protein (GFP) and were evaluated for potential use as positive controls in sample analyses. The strains fluoresced when observed as colonies with a handheld UV lamp or as individual cells under a fluorescent microscope. The strains maintained their fluorescence following growth in three series of transfer experiments including 8 to 11 passages from broth to broth and twice for 15 consecutive transfers from broth onto Trypticase soy agar plates. Cultures also maintained stability in the ability to fluoresce when agar plates were refrigerated (4 degree C) for up to 12 days. Growth characteristics of the GFP- positive strains were comparable to those of corresponding control strains. The GFP-positive strains were successfully identified using rapid diagnostic methods and were differentiated from their corresponding non-GFP strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis but not by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR. The GFP- positive and the control strains were recovered successfully from individually inoculated food samples (Feta cheese, raw shrimp, cooked shrimp, and cooked crawfish). However, in one Feta cheese sample and one raw shrimp sample inoculated with combined GFP-positive and GFP-negative cultures, colonies of the GFP-positive strains were not observed under UV light; fluorescing cells in one of the inoculated samples (raw shrimp) were revealed by microscopy. In general, the isolates from the inoculated foods were GFP positive by microscopic examination; the pure isolates could also be restreaked onto Trypticase soy agar, and colonies could be visually examined under UV light. Because GFP strains are not known to occur naturally in the environment, the use of the Salmonella GFP-positive strain may offer advantages as a positive control even when distinct and rare serotypes are available. The GFP-positive E. coli O157:H7 strain may also prove beneficial for use as a positive control strain for sample analyses. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Noah, Charles W AU - Shaw, Christine I AU - Ikeda, Jack S AU - Kreuzer, Karen S AU - Sofos, John N AD - Denver District Office, Food and Drug Administration, 6th Avenue and Kipling Street, Denver, Colorado 80225 Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 680 EP - 686 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Agar KW - Fluorescence KW - Serotypes KW - Food KW - Green fluorescent protein KW - Cell culture KW - Cheese KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - Soybeans KW - Colonies KW - U.V. radiation KW - Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis KW - Escherichia coli KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - A 01116:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17487920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Development+of+Green+Fluorescent+Protein-Expressing+Bacterial+Strains+and+Evaluation+for+Potential+Use+As+Positive+Controls+in+Sample+Analyses&rft.au=Noah%2C+Charles+W%3BShaw%2C+Christine+I%3BIkeda%2C+Jack+S%3BKreuzer%2C+Karen+S%3BSofos%2C+John+N&rft.aulast=Noah&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=680&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Salmonella typhimurium; Colonies; Agar; Soybeans; Cheese; Cell culture; U.V. radiation; Food; Serotypes; Fluorescence; Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; Green fluorescent protein; Polymerase chain reaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Levels of 4-aminobiphenyl-induced somatic H-ras mutation in mouse liver DNA correlate with potential for liver tumor development AN - 17360883; 6458689 AB - The utility of liver H-ras codon 61 CAA to AAA mutant fraction as a biomarker of liver tumor development was investigated using neonatal male mice treated with 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP). Treatment with 0.1, 0.3, or 1.0 mu mol 4-ABP produced dose-dependent increases in liver DNA adducts in B6C3F sub(1) and C57BL/6N mice. Eight months after treatment with 0.3 mu mol 4-ABP or the DMSO vehicle, H-ras codon 61 CAA to AAA mutant fraction was measured in liver DNA samples (n = 12) by allele-specific competitive blocker-polymerase chain reaction (ACB-PCR). A significant increase in average mutant fraction was found in DNA of 4-ABP-treated mice, with an increase from 1.3 x 10 super(-5) (control) to 44.9 x 10 super(-5) (treated) in B6C3F sub(1) mice and from 1.4 x 10 super(-5) to 7.0 x 10 super(-5) in C57BL/6N mice. Compared with C57BL/6N mutant fractions, B6C3F sub(1) mutant fractions were more variable and included some particularly high mutant fractions, consistent with the more rapid development of liver foci expected in B6C3F sub(1) mouse liver. Twelve months after treatment, liver tumors developed in 79.2% of 4-ABP-treated and 22.2% of control B6C3F sub(1) mice; thus measurement of H-ras mutant fraction correlated with subsequent tumor development. This study demonstrates that ACB-PCR can directly measure background levels of somatic oncogene mutation and detect a carcinogen-induced increase in such mutation. JF - Molecular Carcinogenesis AU - Parsons, B L AU - Beland, F A AU - Von Tungeln, LS AU - Delongchamp, R R AU - Fu, P P AU - Heflich, R H AD - Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, HFT-120, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 193 EP - 201 VL - 42 IS - 4 SN - 0899-1987, 0899-1987 KW - mice KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts KW - DNA adducts KW - H-Ras protein KW - Tumors KW - biomarkers KW - Oncogenes KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Background levels KW - Liver KW - DNA KW - Codons KW - Neonates KW - Mutation KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - B 26130:Ras and Ras related oncogenes (Rho/Rac/Ral) KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17360883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Levels+of+4-aminobiphenyl-induced+somatic+H-ras+mutation+in+mouse+liver+DNA+correlate+with+potential+for+liver+tumor+development&rft.au=Parsons%2C+B+L%3BBeland%2C+F+A%3BVon+Tungeln%2C+LS%3BDelongchamp%2C+R+R%3BFu%2C+P+P%3BHeflich%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Parsons&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=08991987&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fmc.20083 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA adducts; Oncogenes; H-Ras protein; Background levels; Carcinogenesis; Codons; DNA; Liver; Tumors; Neonates; biomarkers; Mutation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mc.20083 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of pH on the degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene by Mycobacterium vanbaalenii PYR-1 AN - 17352823; 6400823 AB - The effects of pH on the growth of Mycobacterium vanbaalenii PYR-1 and its degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene were compared at pH 6.5 and pH 7.5. Various degradation pathways were proposed in this study, based on the identification of metabolites from mass and NMR spectral analyses. In tryptic soy broth, M. vanbaalenii PYR-1 grew more rapidly at pH 7.5 ( mu '=0.058/h) than at pH 6.5 ( mu '=0.028/h). However, resting cells suspended in phosphate buffers with the same pH values displayed a shorter lag time for the degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene at pH 6.5 (6 h) than at pH 7.5 (48 h). The one-unit pH drop increased the degradation rates four-fold. Higher levels of both compounds were detected in the cytosol fractions obtained at pH 6.5. An acidic pH seemed to render the mycobacterial cells more permeable to hydrophobic substrates. The major pathways for the metabolism of phenanthrene and pyrene were initiated by oxidation at the K-regions. Phenanthrene-9,10- and pyrene-4,5-dihydrodiols were metabolized via transient catechols to the ring fission products, 2,2'-diphenic acid and 4,5-dicarboxyphenanthrene, respectively. The metabolic pathways converged to form phthalic acid. At pH 6.5, M. vanbaalenii PYR-1 produced higher levels of the O-methylated derivatives of non-K-region phenanthrene- and pyrene-diols. Other non-K-region products, such as cis-4-(1-hydroxynaphth-2-yl)-2-oxobut-3-enoic acid, 1,2-dicarboxynaphthalene and benzocoumarin-like compounds, were also detected in the culture fluids. The non-K-region polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation might be a significant burden to the cell due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Kim, Yong-Hak AU - Freeman, James P AU - Moody, Joanna D AU - Engesser, Karl-Heinrich AU - Cerniglia, Carl E AD - Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, ccerniglia@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 275 EP - 285 PB - Springer-Verlag (Berlin) VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01063:Utilization KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 210:Bioremediation, Bioreactors & BioCycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17352823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+pH+on+the+degradation+of+phenanthrene+and+pyrene+by+Mycobacterium+vanbaalenii+PYR-1&rft.au=Kim%2C+Yong-Hak%3BFreeman%2C+James+P%3BMoody%2C+Joanna+D%3BEngesser%2C+Karl-Heinrich%3BCerniglia%2C+Carl+E&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Yong-Hak&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00253-004-1796-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-004-1796-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization and characterization of controlled release multi-particulate beads coated with starch acetate AN - 17330740; 6242010 AB - The objectives of the present study were (1) to model the effects of process and formulation variables on in vitro release profile of a model drug dyphylline from multi-particulate beads coated with starch acetate (SA); (2) to validate the models using R and lack of fit values; (3) to optimize the formulation by response surface methodology (RSM); (4) to characterize the optimized product by thermal, X-ray and infrared spectroscopic analyses. Dyphylline loaded inert beads were coated using organic solution of SA with high degree of substitution. A three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design was used for the optimization procedure with coating weight gain (X sub(1)), plasticizer concentration (X sub(2)) and curing temperature (X sub(3)) as the independent variables. The regression equation generated for Y sub(5) (cumulative percent drug released after 12 h) was Y sub(5) = 89.83-11.98X sub(1) + 2.82X sub(2)- 4.31, + 1.90X sub(1)X sub(2). Optimization was done by maximizing drug release in 12 h and placing constraints at dissolution time points of 0.5, 1, 4 and 8 h. The drug release data of the optimized product were close to that predicted by the model. The models could explain 99% of variability in responses. Thermal, X-ray and infrared analyses suggested absence of any significant interaction of the drug with the excipients used in the formulation. SEM photographs showed the integrity of the coating layer. JF - International Journal of Pharmaceutics AU - Nutan, MTH AU - Soliman AU - Taha, E I AU - Khan, MA AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA, KhanM@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 89 EP - 101 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 294 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-5173, 0378-5173 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17330740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Pharmaceutics&rft.atitle=Optimization+and+characterization+of+controlled+release+multi-particulate+beads+coated+with+starch+acetate&rft.au=Nutan%2C+MTH%3BSoliman%3BTaha%2C+E+I%3BKhan%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Nutan&rft.aufirst=MTH&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=294&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Pharmaceutics&rft.issn=03785173&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijpharm.2005.01.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.01.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plasma surface modification of poly ( d, l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (65/35) film for tissue engineering AN - 17317274; 6161059 AB - Plasma technique can easily be used to introduce desired functional groups or chains onto the surface of materials, so it has a special application to improve the cell affinity of scaffolds. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that plasma treatment is a unique and powerful method for modifying polymeric materials without altering their bulk properties. Cell affinity is the most important factor to be considered when biodegradable polymeric materials such as poly ( d, l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) are utilized as a cell scaffold in tissue engineering. In this study, PLGA surface was modified with TiO sub(2) using magnetron sputtering in order to improve PLGA surface/cells interaction. The changes of surface properties have been characterized by contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). To confirm the attachment or proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts and rat cortical neural cells, MTT assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were carried out. The results indicated that TiO sub(2)-coated PLGA film became hydrophilic and enhanced cell affinity and/or proliferation. It has been suggested that TiO sub(2)-coated PLGA matrix can be a candidate for cell scaffolds in tissue engineering. JF - Surface and Coatings Technology AU - Ryu, G H AU - Yang, W-S AU - Roh, H-W AU - Lee, I-S AU - Kim, J K AU - Lee, G H AU - Lee, D H AU - Park, B J AU - Lee AU - Park, J-C AD - Department of Medical Devices and Radiation Health, Korea Food and Drug administration, 5 Nokbun-Dong, Eunpyung-Ku, Seoul 122-704, Republic of Korea, parkjc@yumc.yonsei.ac.kr Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 60 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier Science SA, P.O. Box 564 Lausanne 1 CH-1001 Switzerland VL - 193 IS - 1-3 SN - 0257-8972, 0257-8972 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17317274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Surface+and+Coatings+Technology&rft.atitle=Plasma+surface+modification+of+poly+%28+d%2C+l-lactic-co-glycolic+acid%29+%2865%2F35%29+film+for+tissue+engineering&rft.au=Ryu%2C+G+H%3BYang%2C+W-S%3BRoh%2C+H-W%3BLee%2C+I-S%3BKim%2C+J+K%3BLee%2C+G+H%3BLee%2C+D+H%3BPark%2C+B+J%3BLee%3BPark%2C+J-C&rft.aulast=Ryu&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Surface+and+Coatings+Technology&rft.issn=02578972&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.surfcoat.2004.07.062 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.07.062 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential Pressure as a Measure of Participate Matter Emissions from Diesel Engines AN - 16207659; 6261225 AB - A diesel particulate matter analyzer capable of direct, real-time measurement of engine exhaust particulate is necessary to effectively institute source control technology currently being used on diesel equipment and to ensure that the control measures are working. To investigate the potential of a differential pressure monitor to measure diesel particulate matter in undiluted exhaust, samples were collected from three different diesel engines-Kubota, Isuzu, and Deutz - running under 12 different RPM and load scenarios. These measurements were compared to elemental carbon concentrations in the sampled exhaust as determined by using the NIOSH 5040 analytical method. Elemental carbon is used as a surrogate measurement for diesel particulate matter. The results of the two data sets were then compared using a linear regression analysis. The coefficient of determination (or R super(2)) was calculated to be 0.98, 0.94, and 0.74 for the Kubota, Deutz, and Isuzu engines, respectively. R super(2) values of this magnitude indicate that this method can be successful in estimating elemental carbon emissions in the engines tested. In addition, for replicate samples, the coefficient of variation ranged from 7.1% to 10.2% with an average of 8.5%. These data indicate that this method could prove useful to mechanics as they work to maintain engines and DPM control technologies. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Mischler, SE AU - Volkwein, J C AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA, smischler@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/04/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 01 SP - 2255 EP - 2261 VL - 39 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmospheric pollution by diesel engines KW - Carbon KW - Combustion products KW - Emission measurements KW - Regression analysis KW - Particulates KW - Diesel engines KW - Carbon emissions KW - Exhaust emissions KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.54:Atmospheric Pressure (551.54) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16207659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Differential+Pressure+as+a+Measure+of+Participate+Matter+Emissions+from+Diesel+Engines&rft.au=Mischler%2C+SE%3BVolkwein%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Mischler&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes0491230 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution by diesel engines; Regression analysis; Carbon emissions; Carbon; Combustion products; Emission measurements; Particulates; Diesel engines; Exhaust emissions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0491230 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diesel exhaust particulate matter dispersed in a phospholipid surfactant induces chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei but not 6-thioguanine-resistant gene mutation in V79 cells. AN - 67565436; 15799244 AB - Diesel exhaust particulate material (DPM) was assayed for induction of chromosomal aberrations (CA), micronucleus (MN) formation, and 6-thioguanine-resistant (TG9 gene mutation in V79 cells as a dispersion in dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) in physiological saline, a simulated pulmonary surfactant. Filter-collected automobile DPM provided for the study was not organic solvent extracted, but was directly mixed into DPPC in saline dispersion as a model of pulmonary surfactant conditioning of a soot particle depositing in a lung alveolus. A statistically significant difference was found between treated and control groups at all concentrations tested in a CA assay. Assay for MN induction also gave a positive response: Above 50 microg/ml, the frequencies of micronucleated cells (MNC) were about 2 times higher than those in the control group. The forward gene mutation assay did not show a positive response when cells were treated with up to 136 microg DPM/ml for 24 h, as dispersion in DPPC in saline. Some comparison assays were run on direct dispersions of the DPM into dimethyl sulfoxide, with results equivalent to those seen with a DPPC-saline preparation: DPM in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was positive for MN induction but was negative for forward gene mutation in V79 cells. The positive clastogenicity results are consistent with other studies of DPM dispersed into DPPC-saline surfactant that have shown activity in mammalian cells for sister chromatid exchange, unscheduled DNA synthesis, and MN induction. The forward gene mutation negative results are consistent with studies of that assay applied to V79 cells challenged with DPM solvent extract. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Gu, Zu-Wei AU - Keane, Michael J AU - Ong, Tong-man AU - Wallace, William E AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. Y1 - 2005/03/26/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 26 SP - 431 EP - 444 VL - 68 IS - 6 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic KW - 0 KW - Phospholipids KW - Pulmonary Surfactants KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Thioguanine KW - FTK8U1GZNX KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cricetulus KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - Particle Size KW - Lung -- cytology KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Thioguanine -- pharmacology KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic -- pharmacology KW - Fibroblasts KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange KW - Cell Line KW - Cricetinae KW - Chromosome Aberrations -- chemically induced KW - Vehicle Emissions -- toxicity KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67565436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Diesel+exhaust+particulate+matter+dispersed+in+a+phospholipid+surfactant+induces+chromosomal+aberrations+and+micronuclei+but+not+6-thioguanine-resistant+gene+mutation+in+V79+cells.&rft.au=Gu%2C+Zu-Wei%3BKeane%2C+Michael+J%3BOng%2C+Tong-man%3BWallace%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Zu-Wei&rft.date=2005-03-26&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NATIONAL EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LABORATORIES, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. AN - 36437864; 11478 AB - PURPOSE: The construction and operation of a National Biocontainment Laboratory (NBL) at the Boston University Medical Center campus in Boston, Massachusetts are proposed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has greatly accelerated its biodefense research program. To meet the nation's biodefense needs, NIAID, in consultation with other experts in the field, developed a strategic plan for addressing emerging infectious diseases and biodefense research. NIAIDs ultimate goal is to develop and improve diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments for diseases caused by infectious agents. Much of this research is conducted in biosafety laboratories. In February 2002, an outside blue ribbon panel of experts provided guidance to NIAID in the form of a strategic plan for biodefense research to accomplish short- and long-term goals for bio defense. The proposed NIAID facility would include Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4) laboratories in addition to BSL-2 and BSL-3 laboratories, animal rooms, clinical research space, offices, and support space. The NBL would be located at the Boston University Medical Center campus in the South End neighborhood of Boston. The 194,000-square-foot facility would contain state-of-the-art laboratories constructed to NIH safety standards. The facility would not be used to develop biological weapons, as such activity is forbidden by federal and international law. The NBL would emphasize comprehensive core research facilities that would enable basic, translational, and clinical research and development on products related to emerging infectious diseases. The facility would contain core support laboratories housing sophisticated facilities, including high-power microscopes, magnetic resonance imaging machines, and diagnostic tools to study new vaccines and drugs to treat infectious diseases. In addition to the proposed action, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternatives. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The GNL would significantly increase NIAID's research capacity with respect to agents requiring BSL-2, BSL-3, and BSL-4 research space, substantially enhancing NIAID's ability to provide means of dealing with naturally emerging or biotechnologically developed infectious diseases. In addition to its role in federal efforts, the GNL would provide support to state and local public health authorities in the event of a bioterrorist attack or infectious disease emergency. The annual payroll generated by facility operations would amount to $33.0 million, directly generating $72.0 million in overall economic activity. The total annual economic impact of the facility would be $130.5 million. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Operational water consumption would amount to 45,825 gallons per day, and this consumption level would be matched by peak sewage flows from the site. Though all possible leaks of hazardous materials would be rigorously contained, accidental releases, though highly unlikely, could affect facility personnel and members of the local community. LEGAL MANDATES: Project Bioshield Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-276). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 05-0130D, Volume 29, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 050138, 207 pages, March 25, 2005 PY - 2005 KW - Research and Development KW - Air Quality Assessments KW - Biological Agents KW - Buildings KW - Earthquakes KW - Employment KW - Hazardous Materials KW - Health Hazards KW - Health Hazard Analyses KW - Public Health KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Safety KW - Safety Analyses KW - Massachusetts KW - Project Bioshield Act of 2004, Funding UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36437864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-03-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.title=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; DHHS N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: March 25, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NATIONAL EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LABORATORIES, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - NATIONAL EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LABORATORIES, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. AN - 36367147; 050620D-050138_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The construction and operation of a National Biocontainment Laboratory (NBL) at the Boston University Medical Center campus in Boston, Massachusetts are proposed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has greatly accelerated its biodefense research program. To meet the nation's biodefense needs, NIAID, in consultation with other experts in the field, developed a strategic plan for addressing emerging infectious diseases and biodefense research. NIAIDs ultimate goal is to develop and improve diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments for diseases caused by infectious agents. Much of this research is conducted in biosafety laboratories. In February 2002, an outside blue ribbon panel of experts provided guidance to NIAID in the form of a strategic plan for biodefense research to accomplish short- and long-term goals for bio defense. The proposed NIAID facility would include Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4) laboratories in addition to BSL-2 and BSL-3 laboratories, animal rooms, clinical research space, offices, and support space. The NBL would be located at the Boston University Medical Center campus in the South End neighborhood of Boston. The 194,000-square-foot facility would contain state-of-the-art laboratories constructed to NIH safety standards. The facility would not be used to develop biological weapons, as such activity is forbidden by federal and international law. The NBL would emphasize comprehensive core research facilities that would enable basic, translational, and clinical research and development on products related to emerging infectious diseases. The facility would contain core support laboratories housing sophisticated facilities, including high-power microscopes, magnetic resonance imaging machines, and diagnostic tools to study new vaccines and drugs to treat infectious diseases. In addition to the proposed action, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternatives. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The GNL would significantly increase NIAID's research capacity with respect to agents requiring BSL-2, BSL-3, and BSL-4 research space, substantially enhancing NIAID's ability to provide means of dealing with naturally emerging or biotechnologically developed infectious diseases. In addition to its role in federal efforts, the GNL would provide support to state and local public health authorities in the event of a bioterrorist attack or infectious disease emergency. The annual payroll generated by facility operations would amount to $33.0 million, directly generating $72.0 million in overall economic activity. The total annual economic impact of the facility would be $130.5 million. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Operational water consumption would amount to 45,825 gallons per day, and this consumption level would be matched by peak sewage flows from the site. Though all possible leaks of hazardous materials would be rigorously contained, accidental releases, though highly unlikely, could affect facility personnel and members of the local community. LEGAL MANDATES: Project Bioshield Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-276). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 05-0130D, Volume 29, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 050138, 207 pages, March 25, 2005 PY - 2005 VL - 1 KW - Research and Development KW - Air Quality Assessments KW - Biological Agents KW - Buildings KW - Earthquakes KW - Employment KW - Hazardous Materials KW - Health Hazards KW - Health Hazard Analyses KW - Public Health KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Safety KW - Safety Analyses KW - Massachusetts KW - Project Bioshield Act of 2004, Funding UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36367147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-03-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.title=NATIONAL+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+LABORATORIES%2C+BOSTON%2C+MASSACHUSETTS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; DHHS N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: March 25, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION HEADQUARTERS CONSOLIDATION, MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MARYLAND (FINAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF April 1997). AN - 36432049; 11464 AB - PURPOSE: The consolidation of the headquarters facilities of the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Office of the Commissioner, the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, the Center for Devices and Radiological Health, and the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research to a state-of-the-art facility on one location in Silver Spring, Montgomery County, Maryland is proposed. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative, were considered in the final EIS of April 1997. Under the preferred alternative, the headquarters would be consolidated to a facility at the Federal Research Center (FRC) at White Oak. This facility would include a compact layout, utilizing medium-rise buildings clustered on approximately 130 acres. A 40-acre remote parking lot and a new access road to Cherry Hill Road would be constructed. The other action alternative would involve the reuse of the existing White Oak facilities. Since the final EIS, changes in the FDA's program have occurred, resulting in some changes to the master plan for the headquarters; these are addressed in this final supplement to the final EIS. Changes include the construction of a new eastern access road to and through the FRC; construction of a new bridge over Paint Branch; construction of facilities identified as future expansion in the 2002 Revised FDA master plan to accommodate the increase in employees from 5,947 to 7,720; and modification of the placement of a day care center from the front to the rear of the FDA campus. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The action proposed in the final EIS would provide a consolidated facility for the FDA. The consolidation would improve administrative and operational efficiency and facilitate communication and interaction among staff. The state-of-the-art laboratories and buildings would provide flexibility for the FDA to quickly and economically respond to changing priorities and programs and advances in science and technology through modular planning and systems flexibility. The new facilities would improve safety and reduce potential hazards through careful design of the laboratories, animal rooms, offices, and support spaces, including adequate processing and storage areas for wastes. The new facilities would also improve energy efficiency through heat recovery strategies, central power plant efficiencies, site placement and landscaping, and an efficient building envelope, form, and operation. A quality workplace environment would also improve FDA's opportunities to recruit and retain high quality employees. The actions proposed in this supplemental EIS would alleviate traffic on New Hampshire Avenue; replace the deteriorating Dahlgren Road bridge over Paint Branch; provide facilities for the new and expanded programs that are part of FDA's mission, and offer added security for the day care centers. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The action proposed in the final EIS would involve the demolition of all existing buildings within the 130-acre development area. Construction on steep slopes and highly erodable soils produces the potential for soil erosion at rates greater than that which would occur under natural conditions. The erosion of soils on steep slopes could lead to sedimentation in on-site streams. The cumulative adverse impacts to water resources on the White Oak site would include increased levels of sedimentation, pollutants, and thermal loading in streams on and around the site. Up to 25 acres of forest land would be cleared for construction. The use of pesticides and fertilizers to maintain lawns and landscaping on the site could adversely affect groundwater quality. There would be some cumulative adverse impacts to wetlands on the White Oak site due to on- and off-site development. Increases in flooding, erosion, and sediment loads would be anticipated to adversely affect existing wetlands. Development around the site would increase the amounts of airborne pollutants that are harmful to vegetation. Sulfur dioxide (resulting from burning fossil fuels for energy or heating) and ozone (resulting from a combination of atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen with unburned hydrocarbons from automobile exhausts) could cause dieback and general decline in vegetated areas. On-site habitats could be adversely affected by these pollutants. Asbestos has been identified in many of the buildings which would be designated for demolition or renovation with the proposed project area. Under the actions proposed in this supplemental EIS, traffic patterns in the vicinity of the FDC would deteriorate in some areas. Construction activities would occur in the Paint Branch and West Farm Branch streambeds and would require demolition of historically significant structures. LEGAL MANDATES: National Capital Planning Act of 1952 (40 U.S.C. 71d(a) and National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 96-0183D, Volume 20, Number 2 and 97-0143F, Volume 21, Number 2. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 05-0253D, Volume 29, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 050124, 348 pages and maps, March 18, 2005 PY - 2005 KW - Urban and Social Programs KW - Buildings KW - Employment KW - Forests KW - Health Hazard KW - Land Use KW - Parking KW - Public Health KW - Research Facilities KW - Maryland KW - National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, Historic Sites KW - National Capital Planning Act of 1952, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36432049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-03-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=U.S.+FOOD+AND+DRUG+ADMINISTRATION+HEADQUARTERS+CONSOLIDATION%2C+MONTGOMERY+COUNTY%2C+MARYLAND+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+April+1997%29.&rft.title=U.S.+FOOD+AND+DRUG+ADMINISTRATION+HEADQUARTERS+CONSOLIDATION%2C+MONTGOMERY+COUNTY%2C+MARYLAND+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+April+1997%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - General Services Administration, Washington, District of Columbia; GSA N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: March 18, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION HEADQUARTERS CONSOLIDATION, MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MARYLAND (FINAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF April 1997). [Part 1 of 1] T2 - U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION HEADQUARTERS CONSOLIDATION, MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MARYLAND (FINAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF April 1997). AN - 36370539; 050666F-050124_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The consolidation of the headquarters facilities of the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Office of the Commissioner, the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, the Center for Devices and Radiological Health, and the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research to a state-of-the-art facility on one location in Silver Spring, Montgomery County, Maryland is proposed. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative, were considered in the final EIS of April 1997. Under the preferred alternative, the headquarters would be consolidated to a facility at the Federal Research Center (FRC) at White Oak. This facility would include a compact layout, utilizing medium-rise buildings clustered on approximately 130 acres. A 40-acre remote parking lot and a new access road to Cherry Hill Road would be constructed. The other action alternative would involve the reuse of the existing White Oak facilities. Since the final EIS, changes in the FDA's program have occurred, resulting in some changes to the master plan for the headquarters; these are addressed in this final supplement to the final EIS. Changes include the construction of a new eastern access road to and through the FRC; construction of a new bridge over Paint Branch; construction of facilities identified as future expansion in the 2002 Revised FDA master plan to accommodate the increase in employees from 5,947 to 7,720; and modification of the placement of a day care center from the front to the rear of the FDA campus. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The action proposed in the final EIS would provide a consolidated facility for the FDA. The consolidation would improve administrative and operational efficiency and facilitate communication and interaction among staff. The state-of-the-art laboratories and buildings would provide flexibility for the FDA to quickly and economically respond to changing priorities and programs and advances in science and technology through modular planning and systems flexibility. The new facilities would improve safety and reduce potential hazards through careful design of the laboratories, animal rooms, offices, and support spaces, including adequate processing and storage areas for wastes. The new facilities would also improve energy efficiency through heat recovery strategies, central power plant efficiencies, site placement and landscaping, and an efficient building envelope, form, and operation. A quality workplace environment would also improve FDA's opportunities to recruit and retain high quality employees. The actions proposed in this supplemental EIS would alleviate traffic on New Hampshire Avenue; replace the deteriorating Dahlgren Road bridge over Paint Branch; provide facilities for the new and expanded programs that are part of FDA's mission, and offer added security for the day care centers. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The action proposed in the final EIS would involve the demolition of all existing buildings within the 130-acre development area. Construction on steep slopes and highly erodable soils produces the potential for soil erosion at rates greater than that which would occur under natural conditions. The erosion of soils on steep slopes could lead to sedimentation in on-site streams. The cumulative adverse impacts to water resources on the White Oak site would include increased levels of sedimentation, pollutants, and thermal loading in streams on and around the site. Up to 25 acres of forest land would be cleared for construction. The use of pesticides and fertilizers to maintain lawns and landscaping on the site could adversely affect groundwater quality. There would be some cumulative adverse impacts to wetlands on the White Oak site due to on- and off-site development. Increases in flooding, erosion, and sediment loads would be anticipated to adversely affect existing wetlands. Development around the site would increase the amounts of airborne pollutants that are harmful to vegetation. Sulfur dioxide (resulting from burning fossil fuels for energy or heating) and ozone (resulting from a combination of atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen with unburned hydrocarbons from automobile exhausts) could cause dieback and general decline in vegetated areas. On-site habitats could be adversely affected by these pollutants. Asbestos has been identified in many of the buildings which would be designated for demolition or renovation with the proposed project area. Under the actions proposed in this supplemental EIS, traffic patterns in the vicinity of the FDC would deteriorate in some areas. Construction activities would occur in the Paint Branch and West Farm Branch streambeds and would require demolition of historically significant structures. LEGAL MANDATES: National Capital Planning Act of 1952 (40 U.S.C. 71d(a) and National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 96-0183D, Volume 20, Number 2 and 97-0143F, Volume 21, Number 2. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 05-0253D, Volume 29, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 050124, 348 pages and maps, March 18, 2005 PY - 2005 VL - 1 KW - Urban and Social Programs KW - Buildings KW - Employment KW - Forests KW - Health Hazard KW - Land Use KW - Parking KW - Public Health KW - Research Facilities KW - Maryland KW - National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, Historic Sites KW - National Capital Planning Act of 1952, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36370539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-03-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=U.S.+FOOD+AND+DRUG+ADMINISTRATION+HEADQUARTERS+CONSOLIDATION%2C+MONTGOMERY+COUNTY%2C+MARYLAND+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+April+1997%29.&rft.title=U.S.+FOOD+AND+DRUG+ADMINISTRATION+HEADQUARTERS+CONSOLIDATION%2C+MONTGOMERY+COUNTY%2C+MARYLAND+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+April+1997%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - General Services Administration, Washington, District of Columbia; GSA N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: March 18, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Inhalant Use and Delinquent Behaviors among Young Adolescents. The NSDUH Report AN - 62135994; ED484698 AB - This report presents the prevalence of inhalant use among young adolescents aged 12 or 13, the association between inhalant use and delinquent behaviors within this age group, and the association between early onset of inhalant use and problems later in life. Early onset of substance use has been linked to substance use disorders, delinquent behaviors, and other problems later in life. Data from the 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) show that a higher percentage of youths aged 12 or 13 had used inhalants than marijuana in the past year. NSDUH asked respondents to report their lifetime, past year, and past month use of inhalants, as well as their age at first use of inhalants. The data is presented in this document. Additional questions ask about the use of other illicit drugs, dependence on or abuse of alcohol or illicit drugs in the past year, arrests for breaking the law, and past and current school enrollment status, which allows for the classification of individuals as school dropouts and non-dropouts, is also presented in this document. Y1 - 2005/03/17/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 17 SP - 3 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Middle Schools KW - Age KW - Inhalants KW - Substance Abuse KW - Delinquency KW - Enrollment KW - Surveys KW - Drug Use KW - Adolescents KW - Dropouts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62135994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ERIC&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-03-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Inhalant+Use+and+Delinquent+Behaviors+among+Young+Adolescents.+The+NSDUH+Report&rft.title=Inhalant+Use+and+Delinquent+Behaviors+among+Young+Adolescents.+The+NSDUH+Report&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secretion of noninfectious dengue virus-like particles and identification of amino acids in the stem region involved in intracellular retention of envelope protein. AN - 67452358; 15721358 AB - DNA plasmids that express flavivirus premembrane/membrane (prM/M) and envelope (E) proteins in the form of virus-like particles (VLPs) have an excellent potential as DNA vaccine candidates against virus infection. The plasmid-expressed VLPs are also useful as safe, noninfectious antigens in serodiagnostic assays. We have constructed plasmids containing the prM/M and E gene regions for DENV-1, -3, and -4 that express and secrete VLPs when electroporated into Chinese hamster ovary cells. Constructs containing the full-length DENV-1 E protein gene did not secrete VLPs into tissue culture fluid effectively. However, a 16-fold increase in ELISA titers of DENV-1 VLPs was achieved after replacing the carboxy-terminal 20% region of DENV-1 E protein gene with the corresponding sequence of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). DENV-3 plasmids containing either the full-length DENV-3 E protein gene or the 20% JEV sequence replacement secreted VLPs to similarly high levels. Whereas DENV-4 VLPs were secreted to high levels by plasmids containing the full-length DENV-4 E protein gene but not by the chimeric plasmid containing 20% JEV E replacement. Domain substitutions by replacing prM/M protein stem-anchor region with the corresponding prM/M stem-anchor region of JEV or DENV-2 in the chimeric DENV-4 construct failed to promote the secretion of DENV-4 VLPs. Using the DENV-2 chimeric plasmid with carboxy-terminal 10% of JEV E gene, the sequence responsible for intracellular localization of E protein was mapped onto the E-H1 alpha-helix domain of DENV-2 E protein. Substitution of three amino acids from the DENV-2 sequence to the corresponding amino acids in the JEV sequence (I398L, M401A, and M412L) in the E-H1 was sufficient to promote extracellular secretion and resulted in detectable titers of DENV-2 VLP secretion. JF - Virology AU - Purdy, David E AU - Chang, Gwong-Jen J AD - Arbovirus Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, PO Box 2087, Fort Collins, CO 80522, USA. Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 SP - 239 EP - 250 VL - 333 IS - 2 SN - 0042-6822, 0042-6822 KW - DNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Viral Envelope Proteins KW - Viral Structural Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Protein Structure, Secondary KW - Viral Structural Proteins -- chemistry KW - Chimera -- genetics KW - Plasmids -- genetics KW - Gene Expression KW - Viral Structural Proteins -- immunology KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - CHO Cells KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - Viral Structural Proteins -- genetics KW - DNA, Viral -- genetics KW - Cricetinae KW - Viral Envelope Proteins -- immunology KW - Viral Envelope Proteins -- chemistry KW - Dengue Virus -- immunology KW - Dengue Virus -- chemistry KW - Dengue Virus -- genetics KW - Viral Envelope Proteins -- genetics KW - Dengue Virus -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67452358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Virology&rft.atitle=Secretion+of+noninfectious+dengue+virus-like+particles+and+identification+of+amino+acids+in+the+stem+region+involved+in+intracellular+retention+of+envelope+protein.&rft.au=Purdy%2C+David+E%3BChang%2C+Gwong-Jen+J&rft.aulast=Purdy&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=333&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Virology&rft.issn=00426822&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomarkers of oxidative stress study II: are oxidation products of lipids, proteins, and DNA markers of CCl4 poisoning? AN - 67450110; 15721980 AB - Oxidation products of lipids, proteins, and DNA in the blood, plasma, and urine of rats were measured as part of a comprehensive, multilaboratory validation study searching for noninvasive biomarkers of oxidative stress. This article is the second report of the nationwide Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Study using acute CCl4 poisoning as a rodent model for oxidative stress. The time-dependent (2, 7, and 16 h) and dose-dependent (120 and 1200 mg/kg i.p.) effects of CCl4 on concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides, TBARS, malondialdehyde (MDA), isoprostanes, protein carbonyls, methionine sulfoxidation, tyrosine products, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), leukocyte DNA-MDA adducts, and DNA-strand breaks were investigated to determine whether the oxidative effects of CCl4 would result in increased generation of these oxidation products. Plasma concentrations of MDA and isoprostanes (both measured by GC-MS) and urinary concentrations of isoprostanes (measured with an immunoassay or LC/MS/MS) were increased in both low-dose and high-dose CCl4-treated rats at more than one time point. The other urinary markers (MDA and 8-OHdG) showed significant elevations with treatment under three of the four conditions tested. It is concluded that measurements of MDA and isoprostanes in plasma and urine as well as 8-OHdG in urine are potential candidates for general biomarkers of oxidative stress. All other products were not changed by CCl4 or showed fewer significant effects. JF - Free radical biology & medicine AU - Kadiiska, M B AU - Gladen, B C AU - Baird, D D AU - Germolec, D AU - Graham, L B AU - Parker, C E AU - Nyska, A AU - Wachsman, J T AU - Ames, B N AU - Basu, S AU - Brot, N AU - Fitzgerald, G A AU - Floyd, R A AU - George, M AU - Heinecke, J W AU - Hatch, G E AU - Hensley, K AU - Lawson, J A AU - Marnett, L J AU - Morrow, J D AU - Murray, D M AU - Plastaras, J AU - Roberts, L J AU - Rokach, J AU - Shigenaga, M K AU - Sohal, R S AU - Sun, J AU - Tice, R R AU - Van Thiel, D H AU - Wellner, D AU - Walter, P B AU - Tomer, K B AU - Mason, R P AU - Barrett, J C AD - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, P.O. Box 12233, MD F0-02, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Kadiiska@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 SP - 698 EP - 710 VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0891-5849, 0891-5849 KW - Free Radicals KW - 0 KW - Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances KW - Tyrosine KW - 42HK56048U KW - Malondialdehyde KW - 4Y8F71G49Q KW - 8-oxo-7-hydrodeoxyguanosine KW - 88847-89-6 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Methionine KW - AE28F7PNPL KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Deoxyguanosine KW - G9481N71RO KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Comet Assay KW - Immunoblotting KW - DNA Damage KW - Oxygen -- metabolism KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- metabolism KW - Methionine -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Tyrosine -- chemistry KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Malondialdehyde -- pharmacology KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Spectrophotometry KW - Tyrosine -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Immunoassay KW - Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning -- metabolism KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Oxidative Stress KW - Deoxyguanosine -- pharmacology KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity KW - Lipid Metabolism KW - Deoxyguanosine -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67450110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.atitle=Biomarkers+of+oxidative+stress+study+II%3A+are+oxidation+products+of+lipids%2C+proteins%2C+and+DNA+markers+of+CCl4+poisoning%3F&rft.au=Kadiiska%2C+M+B%3BGladen%2C+B+C%3BBaird%2C+D+D%3BGermolec%2C+D%3BGraham%2C+L+B%3BParker%2C+C+E%3BNyska%2C+A%3BWachsman%2C+J+T%3BAmes%2C+B+N%3BBasu%2C+S%3BBrot%2C+N%3BFitzgerald%2C+G+A%3BFloyd%2C+R+A%3BGeorge%2C+M%3BHeinecke%2C+J+W%3BHatch%2C+G+E%3BHensley%2C+K%3BLawson%2C+J+A%3BMarnett%2C+L+J%3BMorrow%2C+J+D%3BMurray%2C+D+M%3BPlastaras%2C+J%3BRoberts%2C+L+J%3BRokach%2C+J%3BShigenaga%2C+M+K%3BSohal%2C+R+S%3BSun%2C+J%3BTice%2C+R+R%3BVan+Thiel%2C+D+H%3BWellner%2C+D%3BWalter%2C+P+B%3BTomer%2C+K+B%3BMason%2C+R+P%3BBarrett%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Kadiiska&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=698&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.issn=08915849&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomarkers of oxidative stress study III. Effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents indomethacin and meclofenamic acid on measurements of oxidative products of lipids in CCl4 poisoning. AN - 67445853; 15721981 AB - Plasma and urinary levels of malondialdehyde-like products (MDA) and isoprostanes were identified as markers of in vivo lipid peroxidation in an animal model of CCl4 poisoning. We sought to determine the extent to which the formation of these oxidation products is influenced by inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzymes which catalytically generate proinflammatory lipid peroxidation products known as prostaglandins and thromboxane. In the present studies, after induction of oxidant stress in rats with CCl4, lipid peroxidation products measured in plasma and urine demonstrate that isoprostanes and MDA can be partially inhibited by cyclooxygenase inhibitors, albeit to different extents. The lowering of isoprostane and MDA formation, however, may not to due primarily to the diminution of catalytic generation of isoprostanes or MDA by the cyclooxygenases but, rather, may be the result of the suppression of nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation. This is suggested since 8,12-iso-iPF2alpha-VI is also reduced by indomethacin, yet, unlike other isoprostanes and MDA, it is not generated catalytically by the cyclooxygenase. Thus, although the two cyclooxygenase inhibitors we tested have statistically significant effects on the measurements of both isoprostanes and MDA in this study, the results provide evidence that these lipid-degradation products primarily constitute markers of oxidative stress. JF - Free radical biology & medicine AU - Kadiiska, M B AU - Gladen, B C AU - Baird, D D AU - Graham, L B AU - Parker, C E AU - Ames, B N AU - Basu, S AU - Fitzgerald, G A AU - Lawson, J A AU - Marnett, L J AU - Morrow, J D AU - Murray, D M AU - Plastaras, J AU - Roberts, L J AU - Rokach, J AU - Shigenaga, M K AU - Sun, J AU - Walter, P B AU - Tomer, K B AU - Barrett, J C AU - Mason, R P AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Kadiiska@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 SP - 711 EP - 718 VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0891-5849, 0891-5849 KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers KW - Free Radicals KW - Prostaglandins KW - Protein Isoforms KW - Meclofenamic Acid KW - 48I5LU4ZWD KW - Thromboxane A2 KW - 57576-52-0 KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Indomethacin KW - XXE1CET956 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Oxygen -- metabolism KW - Lipid Peroxidation KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Inflammation KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Thromboxane A2 -- metabolism KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Time Factors KW - Prostaglandins -- metabolism KW - Immunoassay KW - Meclofenamic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Indomethacin -- metabolism KW - Oxidative Stress KW - Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning -- drug therapy KW - Biomarkers -- metabolism KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity KW - Lipid Metabolism KW - Indomethacin -- pharmacology KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67445853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.atitle=Biomarkers+of+oxidative+stress+study+III.+Effects+of+the+nonsteroidal+anti-inflammatory+agents+indomethacin+and+meclofenamic+acid+on+measurements+of+oxidative+products+of+lipids+in+CCl4+poisoning.&rft.au=Kadiiska%2C+M+B%3BGladen%2C+B+C%3BBaird%2C+D+D%3BGraham%2C+L+B%3BParker%2C+C+E%3BAmes%2C+B+N%3BBasu%2C+S%3BFitzgerald%2C+G+A%3BLawson%2C+J+A%3BMarnett%2C+L+J%3BMorrow%2C+J+D%3BMurray%2C+D+M%3BPlastaras%2C+J%3BRoberts%2C+L+J%3BRokach%2C+J%3BShigenaga%2C+M+K%3BSun%2C+J%3BWalter%2C+P+B%3BTomer%2C+K+B%3BBarrett%2C+J+C%3BMason%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Kadiiska&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=711&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.issn=08915849&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Wrap-up & course conclusion AN - 40020314; 3919024 AU - Hastings, K L Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40020314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Wrap-up+%26amp%3B+course+conclusion&rft.au=Hastings%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Hastings&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American College of Toxicology, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA; phone: 301-634-7840; fax: 301-634-7852; email: ekagan@actox.org; URL: www.actox.org/regpkt25 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - US FDA's expectations of study directors AN - 39995967; 3919017 AU - Viswanathan, C T Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39995967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=US+FDA%27s+expectations+of+study+directors&rft.au=Viswanathan%2C+C+T&rft.aulast=Viswanathan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American College of Toxicology, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA; phone: 301-634-7840; fax: 301-634-7852; email: ekagan@actox.org; URL: www.actox.org/regpkt25 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Regulatory considerations in the preclinical safety assessment of adjuvanted preventive vaccines AN - 39968920; 3920321 AU - Temenak, J Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39968920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Regulatory+considerations+in+the+preclinical+safety+assessment+of+adjuvanted+preventive+vaccines&rft.au=Temenak%2C+J&rft.aulast=Temenak&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Meetings Management, The Barn, Rake Meadow, Station Lane, Milford, Surrey GU8 5AD, UK; phone: +44 (0)1483 427770; fax: +44 (0)1483 428516; URL: www.meetingsmanagement.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - 1,25-Dyhydroxy-vitamine D3 enhances mucosal immune response to inactivated poliovirus vaccine in mice AN - 39968803; 3920335 AU - Dragunsky, E Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39968803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=1%2C25-Dyhydroxy-vitamine+D3+enhances+mucosal+immune+response+to+inactivated+poliovirus+vaccine+in+mice&rft.au=Dragunsky%2C+E&rft.aulast=Dragunsky&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Meetings Management, The Barn, Rake Meadow, Station Lane, Milford, Surrey GU8 5AD, UK; phone: +44 (0)1483 427770; fax: +44 (0)1483 428516; URL: www.meetingsmanagement.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Public safety concerns derived from the use of antimicrobial drugs in food-producing animals AN - 39963910; 3919082 AU - Fernandez, AH Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39963910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Public+safety+concerns+derived+from+the+use+of+antimicrobial+drugs+in+food-producing+animals&rft.au=Fernandez%2C+AH&rft.aulast=Fernandez&rft.aufirst=AH&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American College of Toxicology, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA; phone: 301-634-7840; fax: 301-634-7852; email: ekagan@actox.org; URL: www.actox.org/regpkt25 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Psychological experiences in the United States military AN - 39959215; 3921716 AU - Noji, E Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39959215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Psychological+experiences+in+the+United+States+military&rft.au=Noji%2C+E&rft.aulast=Noji&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: ISTSS, Intl. Soc. f. Traumatic Stress Studies, 60 Revere Drive, Suite 500, Northbrook, IL 60062, USA; phone: (847) 480-9028; fax: (847) 480-9282; email: istss@istss.org; URL: www.istss.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Harmonize and compromise: The process of developing international safety guidelines for toxicology studies AN - 39956859; 3919083 AU - Mulligan, L Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39956859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Harmonize+and+compromise%3A+The+process+of+developing+international+safety+guidelines+for+toxicology+studies&rft.au=Mulligan%2C+L&rft.aulast=Mulligan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American College of Toxicology, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA; phone: 301-634-7840; fax: 301-634-7852; email: ekagan@actox.org; URL: www.actox.org/regpkt25 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Regulatory thoughts on the promise of pharmacogenomics AN - 39956721; 3919042 AU - Leighton, J K Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39956721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Regulatory+thoughts+on+the+promise+of+pharmacogenomics&rft.au=Leighton%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Leighton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American College of Toxicology, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA; phone: 301-634-7840; fax: 301-634-7852; email: ekagan@actox.org; URL: www.actox.org/regpkt25 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - New IND processes at CDER FDAA AN - 39885245; 3919085 AU - Jacobson-Kram, D Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39885245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=New+IND+processes+at+CDER+FDAA&rft.au=Jacobson-Kram%2C+D&rft.aulast=Jacobson-Kram&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American College of Toxicology, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA; phone: 301-634-7840; fax: 301-634-7852; email: ekagan@actox.org; URL: www.actox.org/regpkt25 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Metabolite safety testing AN - 39885201; 3919084 AU - Ghantous, H Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39885201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Metabolite+safety+testing&rft.au=Ghantous%2C+H&rft.aulast=Ghantous&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American College of Toxicology, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA; phone: 301-634-7840; fax: 301-634-7852; email: ekagan@actox.org; URL: www.actox.org/regpkt25 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anthropometric criteria for the design of tractor cabs and protection frames AN - 17581077; 6494563 AB - Improved human-tractor interface designs, such as well-accommodated operator enclosures (i.e. cabs and protection frames) can enhance operator productivity, comfort and safety. This study investigated farm-worker anthropometry and determined the critical anthropometric measures and 3-D feature envelopes of body landmarks for the design of tractor operator enclosures. One hundred agriculture workers participated in the study. Their body size and shape information was registered, using a 3-D full-body laser scanner. Knee height (sitting) and another eight parameters were found to affect the cab-enclosure accommodation rating and multiple anthropometric dimensions interactively affected the steering wheel and gear-handle impediment. A principal component analysis has identified 15 representative human body models for digitally assessing tractor-cab accommodation. A set of centroid coordinates of 34 body landmarks and the 95% confidence semi-axis-length for each landmark location were developed to guide tractor designers in their placement of tractor control components in order to best accommodate the user population. JF - Ergonomics AU - Hsiao, H AU - Whitestone, J AU - Bradtmiller, B AU - Whisler, R AU - Zwiener, J AU - Lafferty, C AU - Kau, T-Y AU - Gross, M AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 SP - 323 EP - 353 VL - 48 IS - 4 SN - 0014-0139, 0014-0139 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Man-machine interactions KW - body size KW - working conditions KW - Design KW - safety engineering KW - Ergonomics KW - Occupational health KW - Agricultural equipment KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17581077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ergonomics&rft.atitle=Anthropometric+criteria+for+the+design+of+tractor+cabs+and+protection+frames&rft.au=Hsiao%2C+H%3BWhitestone%2C+J%3BBradtmiller%2C+B%3BWhisler%2C+R%3BZwiener%2C+J%3BLafferty%2C+C%3BKau%2C+T-Y%3BGross%2C+M&rft.aulast=Hsiao&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ergonomics&rft.issn=00140139&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00140130512331332891 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agricultural equipment; Design; Occupational health; Man-machine interactions; Ergonomics; working conditions; safety engineering; body size DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140130512331332891 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of comfrey (Symphytum Officinale) in rat liver. AN - 67493103; 15726100 AB - Comfrey is a rat liver toxin and carcinogen that has been used as a vegetable and herbal remedy by humans. In order to evaluate the mechanisms underlying its carcinogenicity, we examined the mutagenicity of comfrey in the transgenic Big Blue rat model. Our results indicate that comfrey is mutagenic in rat liver and the types of mutations induced by comfrey suggest that its tumorigenicity results from the genotoxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the plant. JF - British journal of cancer AU - Mei, N AU - Guo, L AU - Fu, P P AU - Heflich, R H AU - Chen, T AD - Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, HFT-130, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Y1 - 2005/03/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 14 SP - 873 EP - 875 VL - 92 IS - 5 SN - 0007-0920, 0007-0920 KW - Alkaloids KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Liver Neoplasms -- pathology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Alkaloids -- toxicity KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Animals, Genetically Modified KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Comfrey -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67493103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+journal+of+cancer&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+comfrey+%28Symphytum+Officinale%29+in+rat+liver.&rft.au=Mei%2C+N%3BGuo%2C+L%3BFu%2C+P+P%3BHeflich%2C+R+H%3BChen%2C+T&rft.aulast=Mei&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2005-03-14&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=873&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=British+journal+of+cancer&rft.issn=00070920&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Public Health Nutr. 2000 Dec;3(4A):501-8 [11276298] J Nat Prod. 2001 Feb;64(2):251-3 [11430014] Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2002 Nov;23(11):497-9 [12413798] Phytochem Anal. 2004 Jan-Feb;15(1):36-9 [14979525] Drug Metab Rev. 2004 Feb;36(1):1-55 [15072438] Chem Res Toxicol. 2004 Jun;17(6):814-8 [15206902] Cancer Res. 1968 Nov;28(11):2237-46 [4302035] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1974 Nov;53(5):1415-8 [4431059] Gan. 1976 Feb;67(1):125-9 [1269853] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1977 Apr;58(4):1155-7 [191625] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1978 Sep;61(3):865-9 [278864] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1979 Aug;63(2):469-72 [287835] Gastroenterology. 1985 Apr;88(4):1050-4 [3972224] J Mol Biol. 1987 Apr 5;194(3):391-6 [3305960] Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987 Jul 18;295(6591):183 [3115370] Lancet. 1989 Mar 25;1(8639):657-8 [2564469] Am J Med. 1989 Jul;87(1):97-9 [2741990] Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev. 1991 Spring;10(1):47-59 [1878443] J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1990 Mar-Apr;5(2):211-4 [2103401] Mutat Res. 1994 Jun 1;307(2):461-78 [7514720] J Pharm Sci. 1994 May;83(5):649-53 [8071814] Mutat Res. 1999 Jul 15;443(1-2):53-67 [10415431] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Medical devices; clinical chemistry and clinical toxicology devices; drug metabolizing enzyme genotyping system. Final rule. AN - 67503680; 15762010 AB - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is classifying drug metabolizing enzyme (DME) genotyping test systems into class II (special controls). The special control that will apply to the device is the guidance document entitled "Class II Special Controls Guidance Document: Drug Metabolizing Enzyme Genotyping System." The agency is classifying the device into class II (special controls) in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device. Elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register, FDA is publishing a notice of availability of a guidance document that is the special control for this device. JF - Federal register AU - Food and Drug Administration, HHS AD - Food and Drug Administration, HHS Y1 - 2005/03/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 10 SP - 11865 EP - 11867 VL - 70 IS - 46 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - Enzymes KW - 0 KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - Reagent Kits, Diagnostic KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - Genotype KW - Biotransformation -- genetics KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- metabolism KW - Alleles KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Device Approval KW - Humans KW - Genetic Testing -- classification KW - Enzymes -- genetics KW - Equipment Safety -- classification KW - Gene Expression Profiling -- instrumentation KW - Chemistry, Clinical -- instrumentation KW - Gene Expression Profiling -- classification KW - Toxicology -- instrumentation KW - Toxicology -- classification KW - Reagent Kits, Diagnostic -- classification KW - Chemistry, Clinical -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67503680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=Medical+devices%3B+clinical+chemistry+and+clinical+toxicology+devices%3B+drug+metabolizing+enzyme+genotyping+system.+Final+rule.&rft.au=Food+and+Drug+Administration%2C+HHS&rft.aulast=Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aufirst=HHS&rft.date=2005-03-10&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=46&rft.spage=11865&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Medical devices; clinical chemistry and clinical toxicology devices; instrumentation for clinical multiplex test systems. Final rule. AN - 67502877; 15762011 AB - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is classifying instrumentation for clinical multiplex test systems into class II (special controls). The special control that will apply to the device is the guidance document entitled "Class II Special Controls Guidance Document: Instrumentation for Clinical Multiplex Test Systems." The agency is classifying the device into class II (special controls) in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device. Elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register, FDA is publishing a notice of availability of a guidance document that is the special control for this device. JF - Federal register AU - Food and Drug Administration, HHS AD - Food and Drug Administration, HHS Y1 - 2005/03/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 10 SP - 11867 EP - 11869 VL - 70 IS - 46 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - Equipment Safety -- classification KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - Chemistry, Clinical -- instrumentation KW - Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted -- instrumentation KW - Toxicology -- instrumentation KW - Toxicology -- classification KW - Chemistry, Clinical -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67502877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=Medical+devices%3B+clinical+chemistry+and+clinical+toxicology+devices%3B+instrumentation+for+clinical+multiplex+test+systems.+Final+rule.&rft.au=Food+and+Drug+Administration%2C+HHS&rft.aulast=Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aufirst=HHS&rft.date=2005-03-10&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=46&rft.spage=11867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crossing the Language Chasm: An In-Depth Analysis of What Language-Assistance Programs Look Like in Practice AN - 85612269; 200505518 AB - The quality of communication between patients & clinicians can have a major impact on health outcomes, & limited English proficiency can interfere with effective communication. More than 10 million U.S. residents speak English poorly or not at all, constituting a language chasm in the health care system. This paper reviews the evidence on the link between linguistic competence & health care quality & the impact of particular language-assistance strategies. Drawing on the experiences of 14 health plans that have been at the forefront of linguistic competence efforts, we identify lessons for plans, purchasers, policymakers, & researchers on ways to improve the availability & quality of interpreter services. Adapted from the source document JF - Health Affairs AU - Brach, Cindy AU - Fraser, Irene AU - Paez, Kathy AD - Center Delivery/Organization/Markets, Agency Healthcare Research & Quality, Rockville, MD cbrach@ahrq.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 424 EP - 434 VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0278-2715, 0278-2715 KW - Interpreting (37790) KW - Language Policy (43450) KW - Interpersonal Communication (37700) KW - United States of America (92750) KW - Limited English Proficiency (47330) KW - Communicative Competence (13650) KW - Practitioner Patient Relationship (66830) KW - article KW - 5510: interpersonal behavior and communication; interpersonal behavior and communication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85612269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Affairs&rft.atitle=Crossing+the+Language+Chasm%3A+An+In-Depth+Analysis+of+What+Language-Assistance+Programs+Look+Like+in+Practice&rft.au=Brach%2C+Cindy%3BFraser%2C+Irene%3BPaez%2C+Kathy&rft.aulast=Brach&rft.aufirst=Cindy&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=424&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Affairs&rft.issn=02782715&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) N1 - Date revised - 2005-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Practitioner Patient Relationship (66830); Interpersonal Communication (37700); Interpreting (37790); Limited English Proficiency (47330); United States of America (92750); Communicative Competence (13650); Language Policy (43450) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compiling the evidence: the national healthcare disparities reports AN - 838991218; 3349862 JF - Health affairs AU - Moy, Ernest AU - Dayton, Elizabeth AU - Clancy, Carolyn M AD - Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 376 EP - 387 VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0278-2715, 0278-2715 KW - Sociology KW - Measurement KW - Public infrastructure KW - Socioeconomic status KW - Health care KW - Ethnicity KW - Race KW - U.S.A. KW - Evidence KW - Health inequality KW - Social research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/838991218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+affairs&rft.atitle=Compiling+the+evidence%3A+the+national+healthcare+disparities+reports&rft.au=Moy%2C+Ernest%3BDayton%2C+Elizabeth%3BClancy%2C+Carolyn+M&rft.aulast=Moy&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=376&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+affairs&rft.issn=02782715&rft_id=info:doi/10.1377%2Fhlthaff.24.2.376 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5783 5772 6489; 5775 13521; 4560; 10453; 7854; 4435; 10555 6091; 11988 4011 3974 9390 11932 2328 11935 5837 2360 2688 2449 10404 11936; 11911 10902; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.24.2.376 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crossing the language chasm AN - 838990706; 3349868 JF - Health affairs AU - Brach, Cindy AU - Fraser, Irene AU - Paez, Kathy AD - Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality ; Lovelace Clinic Foundation Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 424 EP - 434 VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0278-2715, 0278-2715 KW - Sociology KW - Health care KW - Sociolinguistics KW - Communication KW - Doctor-patient relationship KW - Policy making KW - English language KW - U.S.A. KW - Health services KW - Cultural studies KW - Social research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/838990706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+affairs&rft.atitle=Crossing+the+language+chasm&rft.au=Brach%2C+Cindy%3BFraser%2C+Irene%3BPaez%2C+Kathy&rft.aulast=Brach&rft.aufirst=Cindy&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=424&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+affairs&rft.issn=02782715&rft_id=info:doi/10.1377%2Fhlthaff.24.2.424 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2572; 3673 6823; 4290 4535 7226 5492 6331; 5775 13521; 5792 10484; 11992 7443; 9625 9628; 11911 10902; 3185; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.24.2.424 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - When practices, promises, profits, and policies outpace hard evidence: the post-menopausal hormone debate. AN - 70178105; 17073029 AB - Currently, there is widespread controversy regarding the risks and benefits of hormone therapy for women over 50. The history of hormone therapy provides an excellent example of how different constituencies with competing objectives can produce health practices and policies of questionable benefit. We examine this history from the perspectives of women who now live longer, expecting higher quality of life throughout their later years, healthcare providers who are influenced by the real and perceived needs of their patients as well as information provided by drug manufacturers, the pharmaceutical industry which seeks to identify and promote drugs that offer the most promise for both patients and shareholders, and medical researchers--including the National Institutes of Health and the Federal Drug Administration. JF - The Journal of social issues AU - Naughton, Michelle J AU - Jones, Alison Snow AU - Shumaker, Sally A AD - Department of Public Health Service, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1063, USA. naughton@wfubmc.edu Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 159 EP - 179 VL - 61 IS - 1 SN - 0022-4537, 0022-4537 KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Progestins KW - Bioethics KW - Health Care and Public Health KW - Women's Health Initiative KW - United States KW - Age Factors KW - Attitude of Health Personnel KW - Women's Health KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Quality of Life KW - Risk Assessment KW - Drug Industry KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Progestins -- adverse effects KW - Menopause -- drug effects KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - Middle Aged KW - Physicians KW - Estrogens -- adverse effects KW - Drug Labeling KW - Female KW - Estrogen Replacement Therapy -- adverse effects KW - Postmenopause -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70178105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+social+issues&rft.atitle=When+practices%2C+promises%2C+profits%2C+and+policies+outpace+hard+evidence%3A+the+post-menopausal+hormone+debate.&rft.au=Naughton%2C+Michelle+J%3BJones%2C+Alison+Snow%3BShumaker%2C+Sally+A&rft.aulast=Naughton&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+social+issues&rft.issn=00224537&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-12-14 N1 - Date created - 2006-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coronary drug-eluting stent development: issues in trial design. AN - 67814848; 15864230 JF - American heart journal AU - Muni, Neal I AU - Califf, Robert M AU - Foy, Jonette R AU - Boam, Ashley B AU - Zuckerman, Bram D AU - Kuntz, Richard E AD - Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Md 20850, USA. neal.muni@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 415 EP - 433 VL - 149 IS - 3 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Animal KW - Coronary Restenosis -- diagnosis KW - Animals KW - Equipment Design KW - Coronary Restenosis -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Maximum Tolerated Dose KW - Research Design KW - Recurrence KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Coronary Stenosis -- therapy KW - Product Surveillance, Postmarketing -- methods KW - Drug Delivery Systems -- methods KW - Stents -- adverse effects KW - Clinical Trials as Topic -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67814848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+heart+journal&rft.atitle=Coronary+drug-eluting+stent+development%3A+issues+in+trial+design.&rft.au=Muni%2C+Neal+I%3BCaliff%2C+Robert+M%3BFoy%2C+Jonette+R%3BBoam%2C+Ashley+B%3BZuckerman%2C+Bram+D%3BKuntz%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Muni&rft.aufirst=Neal&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+heart+journal&rft.issn=1097-6744&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-31 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides in commercial comfrey-containing products and botanical materials by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. AN - 67788109; 15859063 AB - Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and their N-oxides are found in several plant families throughout the world. PAs are potentially toxic to the liver and/or lungs in humans and may cause acute liver failure, cirrhosis, pneumonitis, or pulmonary hypertension. PAs are also carcinogenic to animals, and they have been linked to the development of hepatocellular and skin squamous cell carcinomas as well as liver angiosarcomas. According to experimental studies, the quantity of PAs in some herbal teas and dietary supplements is sufficient to be carcinogenic in exposed individuals. A method for the extraction and identification of PAs and their N-oxides in botanical materials and commercial comfrey-containing products has been developed using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Following optimization of the extraction procedure and the chromatographic conditions, the method was applied to the analysis of 10 herbal remedies. All of the products that were labeled to contain comfrey were found to contain measurable quantities of PAs. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Altamirano, Jorgelina C AU - Gratz, Samuel R AU - Wolnik, Karen A AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Forensic Chemistry Center, Cincinnati, OH 45237-3097, USA. PY - 2005 SP - 406 EP - 412 VL - 88 IS - 2 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Alkaloids KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Oxides KW - Plant Preparations KW - Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization KW - Plant Preparations -- analysis KW - Oxides -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Liquid KW - Plant Roots -- chemistry KW - Comfrey -- chemistry KW - Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids -- analysis KW - Alkaloids -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67788109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+pyrrolizidine+alkaloids+and+their+N-oxides+in+commercial+comfrey-containing+products+and+botanical+materials+by+liquid+chromatography+electrospray+ionization+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Altamirano%2C+Jorgelina+C%3BGratz%2C+Samuel+R%3BWolnik%2C+Karen+A&rft.aulast=Altamirano&rft.aufirst=Jorgelina&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=406&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data from the United States Food and Drug Administration. AN - 67783901; 15867608 JF - Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) AU - Zheng, Jenny H AD - US Food and Drug Administration, DHHS, USA. Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - S24 EP - S26 VL - 38 Suppl 1 SN - 1525-4135, 1525-4135 KW - Anti-HIV Agents KW - 0 KW - Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - United States KW - Drug Interactions KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - Menstrual Cycle KW - Databases, Factual KW - Female KW - Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal -- pharmacokinetics KW - Anti-HIV Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - HIV Infections -- metabolism KW - Anti-HIV Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67783901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+acquired+immune+deficiency+syndromes+%281999%29&rft.atitle=Data+from+the+United+States+Food+and+Drug+Administration.&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Jenny+H&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Jenny&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=38+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+acquired+immune+deficiency+syndromes+%281999%29&rft.issn=15254135&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of estrogen receptors (reports from the FDA, NIH, ACOG, and NAMS) and the role of testosterone and bone density. AN - 67781208; 15867623 JF - Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) AU - Davis, Daniel AU - MacKay, Trent AU - Utian, Wulf AU - Grinspoon, Steven AD - US Food and Drug Administration, DHHS, USA. Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - S45 EP - S48 VL - 38 Suppl 1 SN - 1525-4135, 1525-4135 KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - 0 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Index Medicus KW - AIDS/HIV KW - United States KW - Osteoporosis -- prevention & control KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - Practice Guidelines as Topic KW - Heart Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Societies, Medical KW - Female KW - Bone Density -- drug effects KW - Estrogen Replacement Therapy -- adverse effects KW - Testosterone -- metabolism KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - HIV Infections -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67781208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+acquired+immune+deficiency+syndromes+%281999%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+estrogen+receptors+%28reports+from+the+FDA%2C+NIH%2C+ACOG%2C+and+NAMS%29+and+the+role+of+testosterone+and+bone+density.&rft.au=Davis%2C+Daniel%3BMacKay%2C+Trent%3BUtian%2C+Wulf%3BGrinspoon%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=38+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+acquired+immune+deficiency+syndromes+%281999%29&rft.issn=15254135&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heading off disaster. AN - 67766715; 15846963 JF - Occupational health & safety (Waco, Tex.) AU - Johnson, Linda F AD - North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services' Cherry Hospital, Goldsboro, USA. linda.f.johnson@ncmail.net Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 40 EP - 5 passim VL - 74 IS - 3 SN - 0362-4064, 0362-4064 KW - Index Medicus KW - Safety Management -- methods KW - Humans KW - Protective Devices KW - Accidents, Occupational -- prevention & control KW - Craniocerebral Trauma -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67766715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+health+%26+safety+%28Waco%2C+Tex.%29&rft.atitle=Heading+off+disaster.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Linda+F&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+health+%26+safety+%28Waco%2C+Tex.%29&rft.issn=03624064&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental health research in the post-genome era: new fields, new challenges, and new opportunities. AN - 67746284; 15830463 AB - The human genome sequence provides researchers with a genetic framework to eventually understand the relationships of gene-environment interactions. This wealth of information has led to the birth of several related areas of research, including proteomics, functional genomics, pharmacogenomics, and toxicogenomics. Developing techniques such as DNA/protein microarrays, small-interfering RNA (siRNA) applications, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry in conjunction with advanced analysis software and the availability of Internet databases offers a powerful set of tools to investigate an individual's response to specific stimuli. This review summarizes these emerging scientific fields and techniques focusing specifically on their applications to the complexities of gene-environment interactions and their potential role in environ-mental biosecurity. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews AU - Bower, Jacquelyn J AU - Shi, Xianglin AD - Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. PY - 2005 SP - 71 EP - 94 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1093-7404, 1093-7404 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis KW - Humans KW - Proteomics KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Mice KW - Research KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Computational Biology KW - Bioterrorism KW - Genome, Human KW - Environmental Health KW - Genomics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67746284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+B%2C+Critical+reviews&rft.atitle=Environmental+health+research+in+the+post-genome+era%3A+new+fields%2C+new+challenges%2C+and+new+opportunities.&rft.au=Bower%2C+Jacquelyn+J%3BShi%2C+Xianglin&rft.aulast=Bower&rft.aufirst=Jacquelyn&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+B%2C+Critical+reviews&rft.issn=10937404&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of target genes induced by IL-13 cytotoxin in human glioblastoma cells. AN - 67569226; 15803373 AB - IL-13 cytotoxin comprised of IL-13 and a mutated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin (fusion protein termed IL-13-PE38QQR) has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis leading to necrotic and apoptotic cell death in glioblastoma cells that express high levels of interleukin-13 receptors (IL-13R). To identify target genes of cell death and other cellular genes with IL-13 receptors in glioblastoma cells, we utilized the cDNA microarrays to analyze global gene expression profiles after IL-13 cytotoxin and IL-13 treatment. IL-13 cytotoxin mediated cytotoxicity to U251 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Hierarchical cluster analysis of differentially expressed genes in U251 glioma cells at different time points after IL-13 cytotoxin treatment showed three major groups, each representing a specific expression pattern. Randomly selected differentially expressed genes from each group were confirmed by RT-PCR analysis. Most down-regulated genes belong to cell adhesion, motility, angiogenesis, DNA repair, and metabolic pathways. While up-regulated genes belong to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, signaling and various metabolic pathways. Unexpectedly, at early time points, both IL-13 and IL-13 cytotoxin induced several genes belonging to different pathways most notably IL-8, DIO2, END1, and ALDH1A3 indicating that these genes are early response genes and their products may be associated with IL-13R. In addition, IL-13 cytotoxin induced IL-13Ralpha2 mRNA expression during the treatment in glioma cells. Our results indicate that novel cellular genes are involved with IL-13 receptors and that IL-13 cytotoxin induced cell death involves various target genes in human glioblastoma cells. On going studies will determine the role of associated genes and their products in the IL-13R functions in glioma cells. JF - Journal of neuro-oncology AU - Han, Jing AU - Yang, Liming AU - Puri, Raj K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Biology, CBER/NCI Genomics Program, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, CBER/FDA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 35 EP - 46 VL - 72 IS - 1 SN - 0167-594X, 0167-594X KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - Cytotoxins KW - Exotoxins KW - IL13-PE38QQR KW - IL13RA1 protein, human KW - Immunotoxins KW - Interleukin-13 KW - Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha1 Subunit KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - Receptors, Interleukin KW - Receptors, Interleukin-13 KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Virulence Factors KW - ADP Ribose Transferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - toxA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - EC 2.4.2.31 KW - Index Medicus KW - Receptors, Interleukin -- metabolism KW - Gene Silencing KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Apoptosis -- physiology KW - Bacterial Toxins -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Cytotoxins -- pharmacology KW - ADP Ribose Transferases -- pharmacology KW - Cell Death -- drug effects KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic -- drug effects KW - Virulence Factors -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Interleukin -- drug effects KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- drug effects KW - Glioblastoma -- genetics KW - Exotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Brain Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Brain Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Glioblastoma -- drug therapy KW - Immunotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- metabolism KW - Interleukin-13 -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67569226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neuro-oncology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+target+genes+induced+by+IL-13+cytotoxin+in+human+glioblastoma+cells.&rft.au=Han%2C+Jing%3BYang%2C+Liming%3BPuri%2C+Raj+K&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Jing&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neuro-oncology&rft.issn=0167594X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Women, Co-occurring Disorders, and Violence Study: a case for trauma-informed care. AN - 67537690; 15780543 JF - Journal of substance abuse treatment AU - Clark, H Westley AU - Power, A Kathryn AD - Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1 Choke Cherry Road, Rockville, MD 20857, USA. westley.clark@samhsa.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 145 EP - 146 VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 0740-5472, 0740-5472 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Multicenter Studies as Topic KW - Cooperative Behavior KW - Patient Care Team KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care) KW - Program Evaluation KW - Middle Aged KW - Counseling -- statistics & numerical data KW - Female KW - Comorbidity KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic -- epidemiology KW - Alcoholism -- rehabilitation KW - Women's Health Services KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic -- rehabilitation KW - Violence -- statistics & numerical data KW - Alcoholism -- epidemiology KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic -- psychology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- psychology KW - Violence -- psychology KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67537690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+substance+abuse+treatment&rft.atitle=Women%2C+Co-occurring+Disorders%2C+and+Violence+Study%3A+a+case+for+trauma-informed+care.&rft.au=Clark%2C+H+Westley%3BPower%2C+A+Kathryn&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+substance+abuse+treatment&rft.issn=07405472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of a mutagenic heterocyclic aromatic amine from creatinine in urine of meat eaters and vegetarians. AN - 67529030; 15777097 AB - Liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS) with a triple quadrupole MS was used to identify known and novel heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) in human urine. The identities of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (8-MeIQx) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) were confirmed by their product ion spectra. The constant neutral loss scan mode was employed to probe for other analytes in urine that display the transition [M+H]+-->[M+H-CH3*]+*, which is common to HAAs containing an N-methylimidazo moiety, and led to the detection of a previously unreported isomer of 8-MeIQx [Holland, R., et al. (2004) Chem. Res. Toxicol. 17, 1121-1136]. We now report the identification of another novel HAA, 2-amino-1-methylimidazo[4,5-b]quinoline (IQ[4,5-b]), an isomer of the powerful animal carcinogen 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ). The amounts of IQ[4,5-b] measured in the urine of human volunteers who consumed grilled beef ranged from 15 to 135% of the ingested dose, while the amounts of 8-MeIQx and PhIP excreted in urine were on average <2% of the ingested dose. Base treatment of urine at 70 degrees C increased the concentrations of 8-MeIQx and PhIP by as much as 6-fold, indicating the presence of phase II conjugates; however, the amount of IQ[4,5-b] increased by more than 100-fold. IQ[4,5-b] was also detected in the urine of vegetarians following base hydrolysis. The formation of IQ[4,5-b], but not IQ, 8-MeIQx, or PhIP, also occurred in urine incubated at 37 degrees C. Creatinine and 2-aminobenzaldehyde are likely precursors of IQ[4,5-b]. The detection of IQ[4,5-b] in the urine of both meat eaters and vegetarians suggests that this HAA may be present in nonmeat staples or that IQ[4,5-b] formation may occur endogenously within the urinary bladder or other biological fluids. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Holland, Ricky D AU - Gehring, Theresa AU - Taylor, Jason AU - Lake, Brian G AU - Gooderham, Nigel J AU - Turesky, Robert J AD - Division of Chemistry, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA. Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 579 EP - 590 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Imidazoles KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Quinoxalines KW - 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline KW - 77500-04-0 KW - 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine KW - 909C6UN66T KW - Creatinine KW - AYI8EX34EU KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Meat KW - Creatinine -- urine KW - Quinoxalines -- urine KW - Mutagens -- metabolism KW - Diet, Vegetarian KW - Imidazoles -- urine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67529030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Formation+of+a+mutagenic+heterocyclic+aromatic+amine+from+creatinine+in+urine+of+meat+eaters+and+vegetarians.&rft.au=Holland%2C+Ricky+D%3BGehring%2C+Theresa%3BTaylor%2C+Jason%3BLake%2C+Brian+G%3BGooderham%2C+Nigel+J%3BTuresky%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Holland&rft.aufirst=Ricky&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cocaine Rapid Efficacy Screening Trial (CREST): a paradigm for the controlled evaluation of candidate medications for cocaine dependence. AN - 67522760; 15773068 AB - Development of effective medications for the treatment of cocaine dependence remains a major priority for the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) at the National Institutes of Health. The Cocaine Rapid Efficacy Screening Trial (CREST) paradigm was developed by the Division of Treatment Research and Development (DT R&D) at NIDA with the goal of enhancing pilot clinical trial validity when systematically assessing a range of medications and drug classes for potential utility in treatment of cocaine dependence. CREST utilizes a randomized, controlled, parallel group, blinded methodology for comparing one or more marketed medications against a standard, pharmaceutical grade placebo. The trial design is comprised of a flexible 24-week screening/baseline period followed by randomization to an 8-week treatment period. Standard measures of outcomes for the CREST included urinary benzoylecgonine (primary metabolite of cocaine), retention, cocaine craving, depression, clinical global impression and HIV-risk behaviors. In order to facilitate comparisons of data from the CREST studies across sites, drug classes and time, standardized procedures, measures and psychosocial counseling were used. A total of 19 medications were evaluated in out-patient treatment research clinics in Boston, Cincinnati, Los Angeles, New York and Philadelphia. Findings supported decisions to move forward three medications (cabergoline, reserpine, tiagabine) using full-scale, adequately powered, randomized placebo-controlled trial designs. Lessons learned from the CREST experience continue to shape cocaine pharmacotherapy trial design and execution. JF - Addiction (Abingdon, England) AU - Leiderman, Deborah B AU - Shoptaw, Steve AU - Montgomery, Ann AU - Bloch, Daniel A AU - Elkashef, Ahmed AU - LoCastro, Joseph AU - Vocci, Frank AD - Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. leidermand@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 100 Suppl 1 SN - 0965-2140, 0965-2140 KW - Antipsychotic Agents KW - 0 KW - Dopamine Agonists KW - Ergolines KW - Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors KW - Nipecotic Acids KW - Reserpine KW - 8B1QWR724A KW - cabergoline KW - LL60K9J05T KW - tiagabine KW - Z80I64HMNP KW - Index Medicus KW - Prospective Studies KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Dopamine Agonists -- therapeutic use KW - Antipsychotic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Reserpine -- therapeutic use KW - Nipecotic Acids -- therapeutic use KW - Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors -- therapeutic use KW - Cocaine-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Ergolines -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67522760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Addiction+%28Abingdon%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Cocaine+Rapid+Efficacy+Screening+Trial+%28CREST%29%3A+a+paradigm+for+the+controlled+evaluation+of+candidate+medications+for+cocaine+dependence.&rft.au=Leiderman%2C+Deborah+B%3BShoptaw%2C+Steve%3BMontgomery%2C+Ann%3BBloch%2C+Daniel+A%3BElkashef%2C+Ahmed%3BLoCastro%2C+Joseph%3BVocci%2C+Frank&rft.aulast=Leiderman&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=100+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Addiction+%28Abingdon%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09652140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of respiratory exposures at a microwave popcorn plant with cases of bronchiolitis obliterans. AN - 67509759; 15764540 AB - Eight former workers from a microwave popcorn packaging plant were reported to have severe obstructive lung disease consistent with bronchiolitis obliterans. Investigations into respiratory exposures at this plant were done during August through November of 2000. Samples were collected to assess airborne particulate concentrations, particle size distributions, endotoxins, oxides of nitrogen, organic gases and vapors, and other analytes. Bulk corn and flavoring components were also analyzed for endotoxins and culturable bacteria and fungi. Workers in the microwave production areas of the plant were exposed to particulates and a range of organic vapors from flavorings. The particles were comprised largely of salt and oil/grease particles. Respirable dust concentrations (area plus personal) in the microwave mixer job category, the highest job exposure category in the plant, ranged from 0.13 milligrams per cubic meter of air (mg/m3) to a high of 0.77 mg/m3. Endotoxin concentrations were below 60 endotoxin units per cubic meter of air (EU/m3). Qualitative sampling for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the air detected over 100 different VOCs in the microwave area. The predominant compounds identified in the microwave mixing room included the ketones diacetyl, methyl ethyl ketone, acetoin, and 2-nonanone, and acetic acid. Diacetyl, the predominant ketone in the plant, was present in concentrations ranging from below detectable limits to 98 parts per million parts air by volume (ppm), with a mean of 8.1 ppm (standard deviation 18.5 ppm). The average ketone concentrations were highest in the microwave mixing room where the 10 area samples had a mean diacetyl concentration of 37.8 ppm (SD 27.6 ppm) and a mean acetoin concentration of 3.9 ppm (SD 4.3 ppm). These data show that workers involved in microwave popcorn packaging can be exposed to a complex mixture of VOCs from flavoring ingredients; animal studies show that diacetyl can cause airway epithelial injury, although the contributions of other specific compound(s) associated with obstructive respiratory disease in these workers is still unresolved. JF - Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene AU - Kullman, Greg AU - Boylstein, Randy AU - Jones, William AU - Piacitelli, Chris AU - Pendergrass, Stephanie AU - Kreiss, Kathleen AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. gjk1@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 169 EP - 178 VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Ketones KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Microwaves KW - Zea mays KW - Humans KW - Food Industry KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- analysis KW - Ketones -- adverse effects KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- adverse effects KW - Ketones -- analysis KW - Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- etiology KW - Food Packaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67509759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+respiratory+exposures+at+a+microwave+popcorn+plant+with+cases+of+bronchiolitis+obliterans.&rft.au=Kullman%2C+Greg%3BBoylstein%2C+Randy%3BJones%2C+William%3BPiacitelli%2C+Chris%3BPendergrass%2C+Stephanie%3BKreiss%2C+Kathleen&rft.aulast=Kullman&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Retrospective analyses of pooled data from CREST I and CREST II trials for treatment of cocaine dependence. AN - 67460135; 15730353 AB - To analyze pooled data from the Cocaine Rapid Evaluation Screening Trial (CREST). Pooling data from these small pilot trials into four major drug classes permitted data exploration for treatment and covariate effects with increased sample size. Small pilot trials were conducted to screen fifteen medications as prospective treatments for cocaine dependence. Studies included a flexible 2-week to 4-week screening/baseline period followed by an 8-week randomized treatment condition. Participants were randomized equally to one of up to three active medications or placebo. Five Medications Development Research Units at the five academic centers of University of Cincinnati, New York University, University of Pennsylvania, University of California Los Angeles and Boston University. The pooled data set consisted of 357 total subjects. Standardized inclusion and exclusion criteria were employed in subject selection to enhance consistency of cocaine-dependent study participants across all sites (see reports on individual trials in this supplement for details). All participants provided at least two urine samples that were positive for cocaine metabolite during a two-week period prior to being randomized. All subjects in these trials, those randomized to placebo and active medications, received active treatment in the form of evidence-based cognitive behavioral therapy. Quantitative urine benzoylecgonine (BE), self-report of cocaine use, and total Brief Substance Craving Scale (BSCS) scores were compared between each class of medication and its matched-placebo group. Regression analysis of pooled data did not identify any statistically significant differences between treatment and matched-placebo for any of the four classes. Exploration of the effects of baseline covariates indicated that gender and African American status were associated significantly with outcome. Female gender was consistently associated with poorer outcomes for medication and placebo groups, while the direction of association between African American status and outcome differed by treatment groups. Retention was also examined: dropout rates may have been somewhat higher for placebo than treatment groups during the early active-treatment period. Classification trees were used to identify characteristics of subjects who were abstinent for at least two weeks during the eight-week trial; only 4.0% of females while 17.9% of males achieved this criterion. Results presented here may prove useful for planning future clinical trials for therapies targeting cocaine dependence. JF - Addiction (Abingdon, England) AU - Elkashef, Ahmed AU - Holmes, Tyson H AU - Bloch, Daniel A AU - Shoptaw, Steve AU - Kampman, Kyle AU - Reid, Malcolm S AU - Somoza, Eugene AU - Ciraulo, Domenic AU - Rotrosen, John AU - Leiderman, Deborah AU - Montgomery, Ann AU - Vocci, Frank AD - Division of Pharmacotherapies and Medical Consequences of Drug Abuse, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA. Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 91 EP - 101 VL - 100 Suppl 1 SN - 0965-2140, 0965-2140 KW - Central Nervous System Agents KW - 0 KW - Dopamine Agonists KW - Placebos KW - Index Medicus KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Logistic Models KW - Humans KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Pilot Projects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Dopamine Agonists -- therapeutic use KW - Cocaine-Related Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Central Nervous System Agents -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67460135?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Addiction+%28Abingdon%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Retrospective+analyses+of+pooled+data+from+CREST+I+and+CREST+II+trials+for+treatment+of+cocaine+dependence.&rft.au=Elkashef%2C+Ahmed%3BHolmes%2C+Tyson+H%3BBloch%2C+Daniel+A%3BShoptaw%2C+Steve%3BKampman%2C+Kyle%3BReid%2C+Malcolm+S%3BSomoza%2C+Eugene%3BCiraulo%2C+Domenic%3BRotrosen%2C+John%3BLeiderman%2C+Deborah%3BMontgomery%2C+Ann%3BVocci%2C+Frank&rft.aulast=Elkashef&rft.aufirst=Ahmed&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=100+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Addiction+%28Abingdon%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09652140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrating occupational safety and health information into vocational and technical education and other workforce preparation programs. AN - 67449041; 15727967 AB - The high rates of injury among young workers are a pressing public health issue, especially given the demand of the job market for new workers. Young and new workers experience the highest rates of occupational injuries of any age group. Incorporating occupational safety and health (OSH) information into the more than 20 000 vocational and other workforce preparation programs in the United States might provide a mechanism for reducing work-related injuries and illnesses among young and new workers. We assessed the status of including OSH information or training in workforce preparation programs and found there is an inconsistent emphasis on OSH information. JF - American journal of public health AU - Schulte, Paul A AU - Stephenson, Carol Merry AU - Okun, Andrea H AU - Palassis, John AU - Biddle, Elyce AD - NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Parkway, MS-C14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA. pas4@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 404 EP - 411 VL - 95 IS - 3 SN - 0090-0036, 0090-0036 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Educational KW - Accidents, Occupational -- prevention & control KW - Attitude to Health KW - Employment -- organization & administration KW - Humans KW - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Aged KW - Child KW - Needs Assessment KW - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) KW - Risk Assessment KW - Health Promotion -- organization & administration KW - Curriculum KW - Accidents, Occupational -- statistics & numerical data KW - Adult KW - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Middle Aged KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Community Health Services -- organization & administration KW - School Health Services -- organization & administration KW - Occupational Health KW - Vocational Education -- organization & administration KW - Health Education -- organization & administration KW - Safety Management -- organization & administration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67449041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+public+health&rft.atitle=Integrating+occupational+safety+and+health+information+into+vocational+and+technical+education+and+other+workforce+preparation+programs.&rft.au=Schulte%2C+Paul+A%3BStephenson%2C+Carol+Merry%3BOkun%2C+Andrea+H%3BPalassis%2C+John%3BBiddle%2C+Elyce&rft.aulast=Schulte&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+public+health&rft.issn=00900036&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-31 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Agric Saf Health. 2003 May;9(2):107-18 [12827857] Am J Ind Med. 2004 Feb;45(2):218-21 [14748053] Int J Occup Environ Health. 2004 Jan-Mar;10(1):90-8 [15070031] J Occup Environ Med. 2000 Dec;42(12):1142-7 [11125676] Am J Ind Med. 1995 Jun;27(6):793-805 [7645574] Public Health Rep. 1995 Nov-Dec;110(6):701-2 [8570822] Inj Prev. 1998 Sep;4(3):211-7 [9788093] Am J Public Health. 1995 Apr;85(4):590-1 [7755778] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moulds and yeasts in fresh and minimally processed vegetables, and sprouts. AN - 67446042; 15718030 AB - A limited survey of fresh and minimally processed vegetables, and sprouts was conducted in the Washington, DC area to determine if potentially toxigenic and pathogenic fungi were present in these commodities. Thirty-nine ready-to-eat salads, 29 whole fresh vegetables and 116 sprout samples (bean, alfalfa, broccoli, crunchy, garlic, spicy, onion, clover, lentil and multi-seed sprouts) were purchased from 13 local supermarkets and tested for yeast and mould counts as well as the presence of toxigenic moulds. Yeasts were the most prevalent organisms found in these samples, at levels ranging from less than 100 to 4.0x10(8) cfu/g. Mould counts generally ranged from less than 100 to 4.0x10(4) cfu/g. Two crunchy sprout samples, however, contained unusually high numbers of Penicillium (1.1x10(8) and 1.3x10(8) cfu/g), two alfalfa sprout samples contained Geotrichum populations about 10(6) cfu/g, and two alfalfa sprout samples had Cladosporium counts higher than 2.5x10(5) cfu/g. The most common moulds found in fresh and minimally processed vegetables were Cladosporium, Alternaria and Penicillium; less common was Geotrichum. The most frequently isolated moulds from sprouts were Alternaria, Cladosporium, Penicillium, and Phoma. Phoma was especially common in alfalfa sprouts. Fusarium, Rhizopus, Mucor, and Geotrichum were isolated less often. JF - International journal of food microbiology AU - Tournas, V H AD - Division of Natural Products, Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD 20740, USA. vtournas@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/03/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 01 SP - 71 EP - 77 VL - 99 IS - 1 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Index Medicus KW - Food Microbiology KW - Humans KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Yeasts -- isolation & purification KW - Vegetables -- microbiology KW - Consumer Product Safety KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Fungi -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67446042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+food+microbiology&rft.atitle=Moulds+and+yeasts+in+fresh+and+minimally+processed+vegetables%2C+and+sprouts.&rft.au=Tournas%2C+V+H&rft.aulast=Tournas&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+food+microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polychlorinated biphenyls and menstrual cycle characteristics. AN - 67420623; 15703533 AB - Experimental studies in nonhuman primates provide evidence that low-level exposure to persistent organochlorine pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) may affect aspects of their menstrual cycle, including cycle length, regularity, and bleeding duration. Few studies have examined these associations in humans. We used data from 2314 pregnant women who participated in the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a cohort study that enrolled pregnant women in the 1960s in 12 centers in the United States. Information about usual (prepregnancy) menstrual cycle length, regularity, bleeding duration, and dysmenorrhea was collected at enrollment, and 11 PCBs and p,p'-DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) were measured in stored blood samples collected during the third trimester of pregnancy. We used multivariate linear and logistic regression to examine the association between organochlorine levels and menstrual cycles, adjusting for demographic factors, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Total PCBs were positively associated with increasing menstrual cycle length (adjusted difference across 5 categories of PCB exposure = 0.7 days, trend-test P value = 0.02). Irregular cycles were slightly more frequent among those in the 2 highest categories of PCB exposure (odds ratio for highest category = 1.5; 95% confidence interval = 0.70-3.3), and there also was some evidence of an association with DDE. The strengths of these associations increased with various exclusions made to decrease potential misclassification of the outcome and the exposures. There was little evidence for associations between DDE or PCBs and bleeding duration, heavy bleeding, or dysmenorrhea. This study supports experimental studies in monkeys showing an effect of low-dose PCB exposure on menstrual function. JF - Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) AU - Cooper, Glinda S AU - Klebanoff, Mark A AU - Promislow, Joanne AU - Brock, John W AU - Longnecker, Matthew P AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. cooper1@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 191 EP - 200 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1044-3983, 1044-3983 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene KW - 4M7FS82U08 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Epidemiologic Studies KW - Humans KW - Cohort Studies KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Insecticides -- poisoning KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- poisoning KW - Environmental Pollutants -- poisoning KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- poisoning KW - Menstrual Cycle -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67420623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.atitle=Polychlorinated+biphenyls+and+menstrual+cycle+characteristics.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Glinda+S%3BKlebanoff%2C+Mark+A%3BPromislow%2C+Joanne%3BBrock%2C+John+W%3BLongnecker%2C+Matthew+P&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Glinda&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.issn=10443983&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-10 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Essential role of p53 in silica-induced apoptosis. AN - 67411845; 15557088 AB - Occupational exposure to mineral dusts, such as silica, has been associated with progressive pulmonary inflammation, lung cancer, and fibrosis. However, the mechanisms involved in this process are poorly understood. Because p53 is a key transcription factor regulating many important apoptosis-related genes, we hypothesized that p53 may play a key role in silica-induced apoptosis and that abnormal regulation of p53 by silica may contribute to development of lung cancer as well as silicosis. We used both in vitro and in vivo studies to test this hypothesis. Treatment of JB6 cells carrying a p53-luciferase reporter plasmid with silica caused dose-dependent p53 transactivation. Western blot indicates that silica not only stimulated p53 protein expression but also caused p53 phosphorylation at Ser392. TUNEL and DNA fragmentation analysis show that silica caused apoptosis in both JB6 cells and wild-type p53 (p53+/+) fibroblasts but not in p53-deficient (p53-/-) fibroblasts. Similar results were obtained by in vivo studies. Intratracheal instillation of mice with silica induced apoptosis in the lung of p53+/+ mice, whereas this induction was significantly inhibited in p53-/- mice. Confocal image analysis indicates that most apoptotic cells induced by silica were alveolar macrophages. These results demonstrate for the first time that silica induces p53 transactivation via induction of p53 protein expression and phosphorylation of p53 protein and that p53 plays a crucial role in the signal transduction pathways of silica-induced apoptosis. This finding may provide an important link in understanding the molecular mechanisms of silica-induced carcinogenesis and pathogenesis in the lung. JF - American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology AU - Wang, Liying AU - Bowman, Linda AU - Lu, Yongju AU - Rojanasakul, Yon AU - Mercer, Robert R AU - Castranova, Vince AU - Ding, Min AD - Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - L488 EP - L496 VL - 288 IS - 3 SN - 1040-0605, 1040-0605 KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - 0 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Epidermis -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - Epidermis -- cytology KW - Epidermis -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Cell Proliferation KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Phosphorylation -- drug effects KW - Epidermis -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Cell Line KW - Male KW - Silicon Dioxide -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- physiology KW - Apoptosis -- physiology KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- drug effects KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- genetics KW - Lung -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67411845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+physiology.+Lung+cellular+and+molecular+physiology&rft.atitle=Essential+role+of+p53+in+silica-induced+apoptosis.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Liying%3BBowman%2C+Linda%3BLu%2C+Yongju%3BRojanasakul%2C+Yon%3BMercer%2C+Robert+R%3BCastranova%2C+Vince%3BDing%2C+Min&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Liying&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=L488&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+physiology.+Lung+cellular+and+molecular+physiology&rft.issn=10400605&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Empirical approaches for opening design in weak rock masses AN - 50872400; 2008-034567 JF - Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, Transactions, Section A: Mining Industry AU - Brady, Tom AU - Martin, Lewis AU - Pakalnis, Rimas Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - A13 EP - A20 PB - Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, London VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0371-7844, 0371-7844 KW - United States KW - mining KW - mines KW - failures KW - Carlin Trend KW - underground mining KW - strength KW - data processing KW - weak rocks KW - stability KW - mathematical models KW - excavations KW - rock mechanics KW - mining geology KW - data bases KW - Carlin Mine KW - Nevada KW - ground control KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50872400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Institution+of+Mining+and+Metallurgy%2C+Transactions%2C+Section+A%3A+Mining+Industry&rft.atitle=Empirical+approaches+for+opening+design+in+weak+rock+masses&rft.au=Brady%2C+Tom%3BMartin%2C+Lewis%3BPakalnis%2C+Rimas&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=A13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Institution+of+Mining+and+Metallurgy%2C+Transactions%2C+Section+A%3A+Mining+Industry&rft.issn=03717844&rft_id=info:doi/10.1179%2F037178405X44494 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/maney/mint LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carlin Mine; Carlin Trend; data bases; data processing; design; excavations; failures; ground control; mathematical models; mines; mining; mining geology; Nevada; rock mechanics; stability; strength; underground mining; United States; weak rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/037178405X44494 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FDA Drug Approval Summary: Azacitidine (5-azacytidine, Vidaza super(TM)) for Injectable Suspension AN - 21344874; 6270061 AB - On May 19, 2004, azacitidine (5-azacytidine; Vidaza super(TM); Pharmion Corporation, Boulder, CO, http://www.pharmion.com) for injectable suspension received regular approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of all subtypes of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). This report summarizes the basis for this approval. Effectiveness was demonstrated in one randomized, controlled trial comparing azacitidine administered s.c. with best supportive care (observation group) and in two single-arm studies, one in which azacitidine was administered s.c. and in the other in which it was administered i.v. The dose of azacitidine, 75 mg/m super(2)/day for 7 days every 28 days, was the same in all three studies. In the randomized trial, study participants were well matched with respect to age, sex, race, performance status, MDS subtype, and use of transfusion during the 3 months before study entry. Patients in the observation arm were permitted by protocol to cross over to azacitidine treatment if their disease progressed according to prespecified criteria. During the course of the study, more than half of the patients in the observation arm did cross over to the azacitidine treatment arm. The primary efficacy end point was the overall response rate. Response consisted of complete or partial normalization of blood cell counts and of bone marrow morphology. The response rate in the azacitidine arm was about 16%; there were no responses in the observation arm. The response rates in the two single-arm studies were similar (13% and 19%). The responses were sustained, with median durations of 11 months and 17 months respectively. Responding patients who were transfusion dependent at study entry lost the need for transfusions. In addition, about 19% of patients had less than partial responses (termed improvement), and two-thirds of them became transfusion independent. Common adverse events associated with azacitidine treatment were gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and anorexia), hematologic (neutropenia, thrombocytopenia), fevers, rigors, ecchymoses, petechiae, injection site events, arthralgia, headache, and dizziness. Liver function abnormalities occurred in 16% of patients with intercurrent hepatobiliary disorders and in two patients with previously diagnosed liver cirrhosis. Renal failure occurred in patients during sepsis and hypotension. There were no deaths attributed to azacitidine. Azacitidine, the first drug approved by the U.S. FDA for MDS, has a favorable safety profile and provides a clinical benefit of eliminating transfusion dependence and complete or partial normalization of blood counts and bone marrow blast percentages in responding patients. JF - Oncologist AU - Kaminskas, Edvardas AU - Farrell, Ann T AU - Wang, Yong-Cheng AU - Sridhara, Rajeshwari AU - Pazdur, Richard AD - Division of Oncology Drug Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 176 EP - 182 PB - AlphaMed Press, Inc., One Prestige Pl, Ste 290 Miamisburg OH 45342-3758 USA VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 1083-7159, 1083-7159 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Hypotension KW - Vomiting KW - Bone marrow KW - Transfusion KW - Clinical trials KW - Fever KW - Thrombocytopenia KW - Headache KW - Cytology KW - Azacytidine KW - Nausea KW - Blood cells KW - Blast KW - Arthralgia KW - Drugs KW - Races KW - Sex KW - Purpura KW - Cirrhosis KW - Diarrhea KW - Renal failure KW - Myelodysplastic syndrome KW - Neutropenia KW - Sepsis KW - anorexia KW - Liver KW - Constipation KW - J 02400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21344874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oncologist&rft.atitle=FDA+Drug+Approval+Summary%3A+Azacitidine+%285-azacytidine%2C+Vidaza+super%28TM%29%29+for+Injectable+Suspension&rft.au=Kaminskas%2C+Edvardas%3BFarrell%2C+Ann+T%3BWang%2C+Yong-Cheng%3BSridhara%2C+Rajeshwari%3BPazdur%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Kaminskas&rft.aufirst=Edvardas&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oncologist&rft.issn=10837159&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hypotension; Vomiting; Bone marrow; Transfusion; Clinical trials; Fever; Thrombocytopenia; Headache; Azacytidine; Cytology; Nausea; Blood cells; Blast; Drugs; Arthralgia; Races; Sex; Purpura; Diarrhea; Cirrhosis; Renal failure; Neutropenia; Myelodysplastic syndrome; Sepsis; anorexia; Constipation; Liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Study II: Are oxidation products of lipids, proteins, and DNA markers of CCl4 poisoning? AN - 20614675; 7983811 AB - Oxidation products of lipids, proteins, and DNA in the blood, plasma, and urine of rats were measured as part of a comprehensive, multilaboratory validation study searching for noninvasive biomarkers of oxidative stress. This article is the second report of the nationwide Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Study using acute CCl4 poisoning as a rodent model for oxidative stress. The time-dependent (2, 7, and 16 h) and dose-dependent (120 and 1200 mg/kg ip) effects of CCl4 on concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides, TBARS, malondialdehyde (MDA), isoprostanes, protein carbonyls, methionine sulfoxidation, tyrosine products, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), leukocyte DNA-MDA adducts, and DNA-strand breaks were investigated to determine whether the oxidative effects of CCl4 would result in increased generation of these oxidation products. Plasma concentrations of MDA and isoprostanes (both measured by GC-MS) and urinary concentrations of isoprostanes (measured with an immunoassay or LC/MS/MS) were increased in both low-dose and high-dose CCl4-treated rats at more than one time point. The other urinary markers (MDA and 8-OHdG) showed significant elevations with treatment under three of the four conditions tested. It is concluded that measurements of MDA and isoprostanes in plasma and urine as well as 8-OHdG in urine are potential candidates for general biomarkers of oxidative stress. All other products were not changed by CCl4 or showed fewer significant effects. JF - Free Radical Biology and Medicine AU - Kadiiska, M B AU - Gladen, B C AU - Baird, D D AU - Germolec, D AU - Graham, L B AU - Parker, C E AU - Nyska, A AU - Wachsman, J T AU - Ames, B N AU - Basu, S AU - Brot, N AU - Fitzgerald, G A AU - Floyd, R A AU - George, M AU - Heinecke, J W AU - Hatch, G E AU - Hensley, K AU - Lawson, J A AU - Marnett, L J AU - Morrow, J D AU - Murray, D M AU - Plastaras, J AU - Roberts II, L J AU - Rokach, J AU - Shigenaga, M K AU - Sohal, R S AU - Sun, J AU - Tice, R R AU - Van Thiel, D H AU - Wellner, D AU - Walter, P B AU - Tomer, K B AU - Mason, R P AU - Barrett, J C AD - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, P.O. Box 12233, MD F0-02, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA, Kadiiska@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 698 EP - 710 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0891-5849, 0891-5849 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - CCl4 KW - Rat KW - Plasma KW - Urine KW - Lipid hydroperoxides KW - TBARS KW - MDA KW - Isoprostanes KW - Protein carbonyls KW - Methionine sulfoxidation KW - Tyrosine products KW - 8-OHdG KW - M1G KW - DNA strand breaks KW - Free radicals KW - Lipids KW - Adducts KW - Leukocytes KW - Poisoning KW - Tyrosine KW - biomarkers KW - Lipid peroxidation KW - Methionine KW - Blood KW - Oxidative stress KW - sulfoxidation KW - DNA KW - Immunoassays KW - carbonyls KW - Malondialdehyde KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20614675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Free+Radical+Biology+and+Medicine&rft.atitle=Biomarkers+of+Oxidative+Stress+Study+II%3A+Are+oxidation+products+of+lipids%2C+proteins%2C+and+DNA+markers+of+CCl4+poisoning%3F&rft.au=Kadiiska%2C+M+B%3BGladen%2C+B+C%3BBaird%2C+D+D%3BGermolec%2C+D%3BGraham%2C+L+B%3BParker%2C+C+E%3BNyska%2C+A%3BWachsman%2C+J+T%3BAmes%2C+B+N%3BBasu%2C+S%3BBrot%2C+N%3BFitzgerald%2C+G+A%3BFloyd%2C+R+A%3BGeorge%2C+M%3BHeinecke%2C+J+W%3BHatch%2C+G+E%3BHensley%2C+K%3BLawson%2C+J+A%3BMarnett%2C+L+J%3BMorrow%2C+J+D%3BMurray%2C+D+M%3BPlastaras%2C+J%3BRoberts+II%2C+L+J%3BRokach%2C+J%3BShigenaga%2C+M+K%3BSohal%2C+R+S%3BSun%2C+J%3BTice%2C+R+R%3BVan+Thiel%2C+D+H%3BWellner%2C+D%3BWalter%2C+P+B%3BTomer%2C+K+B%3BMason%2C+R+P%3BBarrett%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Kadiiska&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=698&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Free+Radical+Biology+and+Medicine&rft.issn=08915849&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.freeradbiomed.2004.09.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adducts; Lipids; Leukocytes; Poisoning; Tyrosine; biomarkers; Methionine; Lipid peroxidation; Blood; Oxidative stress; Isoprostanes; Urine; sulfoxidation; DNA; carbonyls; Immunoassays; Malondialdehyde DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.09.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inverse treatment planning based on MRI for HDR prostate brachytherapy AN - 20541571; 8067293 AB - Purpose To develop and optimize a technique for inverse treatment planning based solely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during high-dose-rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer. Methods and materials Phantom studies were performed to verify the spatial integrity of treatment planning based on MRI. Data were evaluated from 10 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer who had undergone two high-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy boosts under MRI guidance before and after pelvic radiotherapy. Treatment planning MRI scans were systematically evaluated to derive a class solution for inverse planning constraints that would reproducibly result in acceptable target and normal tissue dosimetry. Results We verified the spatial integrity of MRI for treatment planning. MRI anatomic evaluation revealed no significant displacement of the prostate in the left lateral decubitus position, a mean distance of 14.47 mm from the prostatic apex to the penile bulb, and clear demarcation of the neurovascular bundles on postcontrast imaging. Derivation of a class solution for inverse planning constraints resulted in a mean target volume receiving 100% of the prescribed dose of 95.69%, while maintaining a rectal volume receiving 75% of the prescribed dose of <5% (mean 1.36%) and urethral volume receiving 125% of the prescribed dose of <2% (mean 0.54%). Conclusion Systematic evaluation of image spatial integrity, delineation uncertainty, and inverse planning constraints in our procedure reduced uncertainty in planning and treatment. JF - International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, & Physics AU - Citrin, Deborah AU - Ning, Holly AU - Guion, Peter AU - Li, Guang AU - Susil, Robert C AU - Miller, Robert W AU - Lessard, Etienne AU - Pouliot, Jean AU - Huchen, Xie AU - Capala, Jacek AU - Coleman, C Norman AU - Camphausen, Kevin AU - Menard, Cynthia AD - Radiation Oncology Branch, CCR, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, citrind@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 1267 EP - 1275 PB - Elsevier Science, Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 61 IS - 4 SN - 0360-3016, 0360-3016 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Brachytherapy KW - High dose rate KW - Inverse planning KW - MRI KW - Prostate KW - Pelvis KW - Prostate cancer KW - Rectum KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - Dosimetry KW - Radiotherapy KW - Penis KW - Bulbs KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20541571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Radiation+Oncology%2C+Biology%2C+%26+Physics&rft.atitle=Inverse+treatment+planning+based+on+MRI+for+HDR+prostate+brachytherapy&rft.au=Citrin%2C+Deborah%3BNing%2C+Holly%3BGuion%2C+Peter%3BLi%2C+Guang%3BSusil%2C+Robert+C%3BMiller%2C+Robert+W%3BLessard%2C+Etienne%3BPouliot%2C+Jean%3BHuchen%2C+Xie%3BCapala%2C+Jacek%3BColeman%2C+C+Norman%3BCamphausen%2C+Kevin%3BMenard%2C+Cynthia&rft.aulast=Citrin&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Radiation+Oncology%2C+Biology%2C+%26+Physics&rft.issn=03603016&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrobp.2004.11.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pelvis; Rectum; Prostate cancer; Brachytherapy; Dosimetry; Magnetic resonance imaging; Radiotherapy; Penis; Bulbs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.11.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved ELISA test for determination of potency of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV) AN - 19644950; 8247420 AB - An improved ELISA test for determination of potency of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV) is proposed. The method is based on the use of IgG purified from immune rabbit serum conjugated with biotin. Optimized and validated materials for the test can be stored for a long time in the form of ready-to-use kits. Optimization included selection of anti-poliovirus rabbit antibody batches with the best specificity to D-antigen as well as finding the most efficient parameters for all steps of ELISA protocol. The assay is based on direct (''sandwich'') ELISA scheme, in which antigens are captured on ELISA plates coated with purified rabbit polyclonal D-antigen specific IgG raised against wild polioviruses of three serotypes. D-antigen specificity of the IgG was at least 10 times higher than to H-antigen (heat-inactivated virus). The presence of antigen was detected using biotin-conjugated IgG from the same source. Eight-point dose-response curves were obtained for each sample and the reference vaccine. The protocol ensured low background (less than 0.2 OD), linear response over the entire range of optical density measurements (up to 3.0 OD), and high precision of data (assay variability was about 3%). The quantitative results and the validity of the test were determined by two numerical approaches, linear regression and a new analysis procedure called the local interpolation method. For the first approach we also proposed a new method for testing of parallelism of regression lines. The ELISA protocol for all three types of poliovirus is based on standard off-the-shelf reagents, and is highly reproducible and reliable. An in-house Reference Reagent was formulated and calibrated against the International Reference for IPV. JF - Biologicals AU - Rezapkin, G AU - Dragunsky, E AU - Chumakov, K AD - Food and Drug Administration, 1401 Rockville Pike, HFM 470, Rockville, MD 20852, USA, chumakov@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 17 EP - 27 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 1045-1056, 1045-1056 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Poliovirus KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Serotypes KW - Optical density KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Vaccines KW - Biotin KW - V 22300:Methods KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19644950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biologicals&rft.atitle=Improved+ELISA+test+for+determination+of+potency+of+Inactivated+Poliovirus+Vaccine+%28IPV%29&rft.au=Rezapkin%2C+G%3BDragunsky%2C+E%3BChumakov%2C+K&rft.aulast=Rezapkin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biologicals&rft.issn=10451056&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biologicals.2004.11.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Serotypes; Optical density; Immunoglobulin G; Vaccines; Biotin; Poliovirus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biologicals.2004.11.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activation of the vrg6 Promoter of Bordetella pertussis by RisA AN - 17834696; 6169420 AB - The BvgAS two-component system positively regulates the expression of the virulence genes of Bordetella pertussis and negatively regulates a second set of genes whose function is unknown. The BvgAS-mediated regulation of the bvg- repressed genes is accomplished through the activation of expression of the negative regulator, BvgR. A second two-component regulatory system, RisAS, is required for expression of the bvg-repressed surface antigens VraA and VraB. We examined the roles of BvgR and RisA in the regulation of four bvg-repressed genes in B. pertussis. Our analyses demonstrated that all four genes are repressed by the product of the bvgR locus and are activated by the product of the risA locus. Deletion analysis of the vrg6 promoter identified the upstream and downstream boundaries of the promoter and, in contrast to previously published results, demonstrated that sequences downstream of the start of transcription are not required for the regulation of expression of vrg6. Gel mobility-shift experiments demonstrated sequence-specific binding of RisA to the vrg6 and vrg18 promoters, and led to the identification of two putative RisA binding sites. Finally, transcriptional analysis and Western blot analysis demonstrated that BvgR regulates neither the expression nor the stability of RisA. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Croinin, Tadhg O AU - Grippe, Vanessa K AU - Merkel, Tod J AD - Laboratory of Respiratory and Special Pathogens, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/03/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 01 SP - 1648 EP - 1658 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 187 IS - 5 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - RisA protein KW - BvgR protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Transcription KW - Virulence KW - Promoters KW - Gene deletion KW - Bordetella pertussis KW - surface antigens KW - J 02725:DNA KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17834696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Activation+of+the+vrg6+Promoter+of+Bordetella+pertussis+by+RisA&rft.au=Croinin%2C+Tadhg+O%3BGrippe%2C+Vanessa+K%3BMerkel%2C+Tod+J&rft.aulast=Croinin&rft.aufirst=Tadhg&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1648&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bordetella pertussis; Promoters; Transcription; Gene deletion; surface antigens; Virulence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Mycobacterium Species by secA1 Sequences AN - 17830701; 6190279 AB - We describe a novel molecular method for the differentiation and identification of 29 mycobacterial species. The target is the secA1 gene that codes for the essential protein SecA1, a key component of the major pathway of protein secretion across the cytoplasmic membrane. A 700-bp region of the secA1 gene was amplified and sequenced from 47 American Type Culture Collection strains of 29 Mycobacterium species as well as from 59 clinical isolates. Sequence variability in the amplified segment of the secA1 gene allowed the differentiation of all species except for the members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) complex, which had identical sequences. A range of 83.3 to 100% interspecies similarity was observed. All species could also be differentiated by their amino acid sequences as deduced from the sequenced region of the secA1 gene, with the exception of the MTB complex. Partial sequences of secA1 from clinical isolates belonging to nine frequently isolated species of mycobacteria revealed a very high intraspecies similarity at the DNA level (typically >99%; range, 96.0 to 100%); all clinical isolates were correctly identified. Comparison of the deduced 233-amino-acid sequences among clinical isolates of the same species showed between 99.6 and 100% similarity. To our knowledge, this is the first time a secretion-related gene has been used for the identification of the species within a bacterial genus. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Zelazny, Adrian M AU - Calhoun, Leslie B AU - Li, Li AU - Shea, Yvonne R AU - Fischer, Steven H AD - Microbiology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 1051 EP - 1058 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - SecA1 protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Clinical isolates KW - Differentiation KW - Amino acids KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Secretion KW - Cytoplasmic membranes KW - DNA KW - American Type Culture Collection KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17830701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Mycobacterium+Species+by+secA1+Sequences&rft.au=Zelazny%2C+Adrian+M%3BCalhoun%2C+Leslie+B%3BLi%2C+Li%3BShea%2C+Yvonne+R%3BFischer%2C+Steven+H&rft.aulast=Zelazny&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1051&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Clinical isolates; Differentiation; Secretion; American Type Culture Collection; Amino acids; DNA; Cytoplasmic membranes; Nucleotide sequence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Micronucleated erythrocyte frequency in control and azidothymidine-treated Tk super(+) super(/) super(+), Tk super(+) super(/) super(-) and Tk super(-) super(/) super(-) mice AN - 17814075; 6197951 AB - The first step in the activation of the anti-retroviral nucleoside analogue azidothymidine (AZT) involves its conversion to a 5'-monophosphate. In this study, we have evaluated the role of cytosolic thymidine kinase (Tk), the major enzyme involved in phosphorylating thymidine and its analogues, in the nuclear DNA damage produced by AZT in neonatal mice. Tk super(+) super(/) super(+), Tk super(+) super(/) super(-) and Tk super(-) super(/) super(-) mice were treated intraperitoneally with 200mg/kg /day of AZT on postnatal days 1 through 8, and micronuclei were measured in peripheral blood 24h after the last dose. AZT treatment increased the micronucleus (MN) frequencies to similar extents in both the reticulocytes (RETs) and normochromatic erythrocytes (NCEs) of Tk super(+) super(/) super(+) and Tk super(+) super(/) super(-) mice; AZT did not increase the frequency of micronucleated RETs (MN-RETs) or micronucleated NCEs (MN-NCEs) in Tk super(-) super(/) super(-) mice. Unexpectedly, neonatal Tk super(-) super( )/ super(-) mice treated with the vehicle had significantly elevated MN frequencies for both RETs and NCEs relative to Tk super(+) super(/) super(+) and Tk super(+) super(/) super(-) mice (e.g., similar to 3.4% MN-RETs and similar to 4.8% MN-NCEs in Tk super(-) super( )/ super(-) mice versus similar to 0.7 and similar to 0.6% MN-RETs and MN-NCEs in neonatal Tk super(+) super(/) super(+) mice). Additional assays performed on untreated Tk super(-) super( )/ super(-) mice showed that elevated spontaneous MN frequencies persisted until at least 20 weeks of age, which approaches the average lifespan of Tk super(-) super(/) super(-) mice. These results indicate that metabolism by Tk is necessary for the genotoxicity of AZT in neonatal mice; however, the genotoxicity of AZT is not altered by reducing the Tk gene dose by half. The elevated spontaneous MN frequencies in Tk super(-) super(/) super(-) mice suggest the presence of an endogenous genotoxic activity in these mice. JF - Mutation Research-Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis AU - Dobrovolsky, V N AU - McGarrity, L J AU - VonTungeln, L S AU - Mittelstaedt, R A AU - Morris, S M AU - Beland, F A AU - Heflich, R H AD - Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, U.S. Food and Drug Administration/National Center for Toxicological Research, HFT-120, 3900 NCTR Rd., Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, vdobrovolsky@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/03/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 01 SP - 227 EP - 235 VL - 570 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - mice KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Micronuclei KW - Erythrocytes KW - Zidovudine KW - Thymidine kinase KW - Mutagenesis KW - Protein-tyrosine kinase KW - antiretroviral agents KW - Ret protein KW - Manganese KW - Life span KW - Genotoxicity KW - Peripheral blood KW - TK gene KW - nucleoside analogs KW - DNA damage KW - Neonates KW - Mutation KW - Reticulocytes KW - Thymidine KW - Metabolism KW - X 24117:Biochemistry KW - N 14035:DNA: Direct modification or damage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17814075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research-Fundamental+and+Molecular+Mechanisms+of+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Micronucleated+erythrocyte+frequency+in+control+and+azidothymidine-treated+Tk+super%28%2B%29+super%28%2F%29+super%28%2B%29%2C+Tk+super%28%2B%29+super%28%2F%29+super%28-%29+and+Tk+super%28-%29+super%28%2F%29+super%28-%29+mice&rft.au=Dobrovolsky%2C+V+N%3BMcGarrity%2C+L+J%3BVonTungeln%2C+L+S%3BMittelstaedt%2C+R+A%3BMorris%2C+S+M%3BBeland%2C+F+A%3BHeflich%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Dobrovolsky&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=570&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research-Fundamental+and+Molecular+Mechanisms+of+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mrfmmm.2004.11.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Zidovudine; Manganese; antiretroviral agents; Ret protein; Genotoxicity; Erythrocytes; nucleoside analogs; Protein-tyrosine kinase; Peripheral blood; DNA damage; Thymidine kinase; Micronuclei; Reticulocytes; Neonates; Life span; Metabolism; Mutagenesis; Mutation; TK gene; Thymidine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.11.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure and Immunological Determinants in a Murine Model for Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) Asthma AN - 17782908; 6177495 AB - Isocyanate-induced asthma, the most commonly reported cause of occupational asthma, has been difficult to diagnose and control, in part, because the biological mechanisms responsible for the disease and the determinants of exposure have been difficult to define. Appropriate animals models of isocyanate asthma will be instrumental to further our understanding of this disease. Previous studies have demonstrated that dermal exposure to isocyanates in mice results in systemic sensitization that leads to eosinophilic airways inflammation upon subsequent airway challenge. We hypothesized that inhalation of vapor phase toluene diisocyante (TDI) will lead to immunologic sensitization in mice and that subsequent challenge will induce pathology and immune system alterations indicative of asthma found in humans. To determine the impact of exposure dose as well as the involvement of immune (allergic) or nonimmune mechanisms, a murine model of TDI asthma was established and characterized following either low-level subchronic or high-dose acute inhalation TDI exposure. C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to TDI by inhalation either subchronically for 6 weeks (20 ppb, 4 h/day, 5 days/week) or by a 2-h acute exposure at 500 ppb. Both groups were challenged 14 days later via inhalation with 20 ppb TDI for 1 h. Mice that underwent the subchronic exposure regimen demonstrated a marked allergic response evidenced by increases in airway inflammation, eosinophilia, goblet cell metaplasia, epithelial cell alterations, airway hyperreponsiveness (AHR), T sub(H)1/T sub(H)2 cytokine expression in the lung, elevated levels of serum IgE, and TDI-specific IgG antibodies, as well as the ability to transfer these pathologies to naive mice with lymphocytes or sera from TDI exposed mice. In contrast, mice that received acute TDI exposure demonstrated increased AHR, specific IgG antibodies, and pathology in the lung consistent with asthma, but without the presence of elevated serum IgE, lung eosionophilia, or increased expression of T sub(H) cytokines. These results describe mouse models for TDI asthma consistent with that found in workers with occupational asthma and indicate that the pulmonary pathology associated with TDI can vary depending upon the exposure paradigm. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Matheson, Joanna M AU - Johnson, Victor J AU - Vallyathan, Velayudhan AU - Luster, Michael I AD - Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch and Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division,National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 88 EP - 98 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 84 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - Epithelial cells KW - Helper cells KW - Immune system KW - Animal models KW - Asthma KW - toluene diisocyanate KW - Eosinophilia KW - Inflammation KW - Vapors KW - Lung KW - Immunoglobulin E KW - Metaplasia KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Cytokines KW - Occupational exposure KW - Respiratory tract KW - X 24117:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17782908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Exposure+and+Immunological+Determinants+in+a+Murine+Model+for+Toluene+Diisocyanate+%28TDI%29+Asthma&rft.au=Matheson%2C+Joanna+M%3BJohnson%2C+Victor+J%3BVallyathan%2C+Velayudhan%3BLuster%2C+Michael+I&rft.aulast=Matheson&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Epithelial cells; Immune system; Helper cells; Animal models; Asthma; toluene diisocyanate; Eosinophilia; Inflammation; Vapors; Lung; Metaplasia; Immunoglobulin E; Lymphocytes T; Immunoglobulin G; Cytokines; Occupational exposure; Respiratory tract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Apoptotic volume decrease and nitric oxide AN - 17774382; 6149262 AB - Apoptosis is a physiological cell death process whose well-defined characteristics distinguish it from more accidental cell death processes. The loss of cell volume, or cell shrinkage, recently termed apoptotic volume decrease (AVD), is considered a hallmark of the apoptotic process. The activation and/or repression of the AVD process has been shown to be quite complex during apoptosis, with the involvement of multiple ionic transport mechanisms acting in both a cell type and stimulus specific manner. Similarly, the role of nitric oxide (NO) during apoptosis has also been shown to be just as complex, specifically in its ability to either induce and/or prevent apoptosis. This review examines current evidence for a link between AVD and NO and how they may interact during the programmed cell death process. JF - Toxicology AU - Bortner, C D AD - The Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA, bortner@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 213 EP - 221 PB - Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd., P.O. Box 85 Limerick Ireland VL - 208 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Cell death KW - Apoptosis KW - Reviews KW - Cell size KW - Atrophy KW - Nitric oxide KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17774382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Apoptotic+volume+decrease+and+nitric+oxide&rft.au=Bortner%2C+C+D&rft.aulast=Bortner&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tox.2004.11.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apoptosis; Cell death; Nitric oxide; Reviews; Cell size; Atrophy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2004.11.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immune Mediators in a Murine Model for Occupational Asthma: Studies with Toluene Diisocyanate AN - 17770872; 6177485 AB - Isocyanate-induced asthma, which is the most common type of occupational asthma, has been difficult to diagnose and control, in part, because the biological mechanisms responsible for the disease and the determinants of exposure are not fully defined. To help address these issues, we recently established a murine model of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) asthma using inhalation exposure paradigms consistent with potential workplace exposure. In order to confirm our hypothesis that TDI-induce asthma, like allergic asthma, is predominantly a Th2 response, the ability of mice that were deficient in CD4 or CD8 cells or specific Th1 and Th2 cytokines to develop TDI asthma was examined. The development of allergic asthma was evaluated by monitoring lungs for the presence of eosinophilia, goblet cell metaplasia, epithelial cell alterations, airway hyperreactivity (AHR), and Th2 and Th1 cytokine expression, as well as serum IgE levels and TDI-specific IgG antibodies. Transgenic CD8 or CD4 knockout (KO) mice exhibited significant reductions in AHR, cytokine expression, serum antibody levels, airway inflammation, and histopathological lesions, although in a number of the endpoints the effects were more attenuated in CD4 KO mice. IFNgamma depletion ablated the increase in AHR in TDI-allergic mice, but had only slight to moderate effects on airway histopathology, serum antibody levels, and cytokine expression compared to sensitized/challenged controls. IL-4 and IL- 13 deficiency had moderate inhibitory effects, while combined IL-4/IL-13 depletion effectively prevented almost all asthma-associated pathologies. Taken together, these results indicate that TDI asthma, like immune-mediated asthma produced by large-molecular-weight materials, is driven primarily by CD4+ T cells and is dependent upon the expression of Th2 cytokines. However, as with protein-induced asthma models, certain pathologies are influenced by CD8+ T cells and Th1-derived cytokines, such as AHR and cytokine production. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Matheson, Joanna M AU - Johnson, Victor J AU - Luster, Michael I AD - Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 99 EP - 109 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 84 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - gamma -Interferon KW - Epithelial cells KW - Interleukin 4 KW - Animal models KW - Asthma KW - toluene diisocyanate KW - CD8 antigen KW - Eosinophilia KW - CD4 antigen KW - Hyperreactivity KW - Interleukin 13 KW - Lung KW - Metaplasia KW - Immunoglobulin E KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Occupational exposure KW - Respiratory tract KW - X 24117:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17770872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Immune+Mediators+in+a+Murine+Model+for+Occupational+Asthma%3A+Studies+with+Toluene+Diisocyanate&rft.au=Matheson%2C+Joanna+M%3BJohnson%2C+Victor+J%3BLuster%2C+Michael+I&rft.aulast=Matheson&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Epithelial cells; gamma -Interferon; Interleukin 4; Animal models; Asthma; toluene diisocyanate; CD8 antigen; Eosinophilia; Interleukin 13; Hyperreactivity; CD4 antigen; Lung; Immunoglobulin E; Metaplasia; Immunoglobulin G; Lymphocytes T; Occupational exposure; Respiratory tract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of solid-phase microextraction to in vitro skin permeation experiments: example using diethyl phthalate AN - 17770871; 6138234 AB - The application of automated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) as a sample preparation technique for in vitro studies of skin permeation is described, using diethyl phthalate (DEP) as an example. In vitro diffusion cell experiments and skin-vehicle partition coefficient determinations require quantitative analysis of low-level analytes in aqueous samples. SPME is an ideal candidate for sample preparation for subsequent gas chromatographic analysis, offering numerous advantages over other methods. SPME conditions were optimized and the automated method was found to exhibit adequate sensitivity and good precision (relative standard deviation = 3%). Abdominal skin (dermatomed at 350 mu m) from male hairless guinea pigs (n = 6) was used to measure DEP skin permeation parameters. In vitro methods were employed to determine permeability coefficient (k sub(p)), time lag ( tau ) and skin-buffer partition coefficient (K sub(SB)) for 2 mM DEP in HEPES buffered Hanks Balanced Salt Solution. Measurements (mean plus or minus standard deviations) are: k sub(p), 0.021 plus or minus 0.012 cm/h; tau , 0.67 [plus-or- minus-sign] 0.18 h; K sub(SB), 4.74 plus or minus 0.68. The skin may be a significant route for the uptake of DEP. JF - Toxicology In Vitro AU - Frasch, H F AU - Barbero, A M AD - Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA, hbf9@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 253 EP - 259 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0887-2333, 0887-2333 KW - pigs KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Permeability KW - Time lag KW - Membrane vehicle partition coefficient KW - Phthalic acid diesters KW - Gas chromatography methods KW - Salts KW - Skin KW - Standard deviation KW - Automation KW - diethyl phthalate KW - Hairless KW - Diffusion KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17770871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.atitle=Application+of+solid-phase+microextraction+to+in+vitro+skin+permeation+experiments%3A+example+using+diethyl+phthalate&rft.au=Frasch%2C+H+F%3BBarbero%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Frasch&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.issn=08872333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tiv.2004.10.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Permeability; Salts; Standard deviation; Skin; Automation; Diffusion; Hairless; diethyl phthalate DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2004.10.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human liver microsomal reduction of pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides to form the corresponding carcinogenic parent alkaloid AN - 17768334; 6138249 AB - Retronecine-based pyrrolizidine alkaloids, such as riddelliine, retrorsine, and monocrotaline, are toxic to domestic livestock and carcinogenic to laboratory rodents. Previous in vitro metabolism studies showed that ([plus-or- minus-sign])6, 7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-5H-pyrrolizine (DHP) and pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides were the major metabolites of these compounds. DHP is the reactive metabolite of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides are generally regarded as detoxification products. However, a previous study of rat liver microsomal metabolism of riddelliine N-oxide demonstrated that DHP and its parent compound, riddelliine, were generated as the major metabolites of riddelliine N-oxide. In this study the metabolic activation of the three retronecine-based pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides by human liver microsomes is investigated under oxidative and hypoxic conditions. Results shows that both the DHP and the corresponding parent pyrrolizidine alkaloids are the major metabolites of the human liver microsomal metabolism of pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides. Under oxidative conditions, reduction of the N-oxide to pyrrolizidine alkaloid is inhibited and while under hypoxic conditions, DHP formation is dramatically decreased. The oxidative and reductive products generated from the metabolism of pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides are substrate-, enzyme-and time-dependent. In the presence of troleandomycin, a microsomal CYP3A inhibitor, DHP formation is inhibited by more than 70%, while the N-oxide reduction was not affected. The level of microsomal enzyme activity in human liver is comparable with rats. The rate of in vitro metabolism by either human and rat liver microsomes follows the order of riddelliine retrorsine > monocrotaline, and DHP-derived DNA adducts are detected and quantified by super(32)P-postlabeling/HPLC analysis. Similar DHP- derived DNA adducts are found in liver DNA of F344 rats gavaged with the pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides (1.0 mg/kg). The levels of in vivo DHP-DNA adduct formation is correlated with the level of in vitro DHP formation. Our results indicate that pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides may be hepatocarcinogenic to rats through a genotoxic mechanism via the conversion of the N-oxides to their corresponding parent pyrrolizidine alkaloids, and these results may be relevant to humans. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Wang, Y-P AU - Yan, J AU - Fu, P P AU - Chou, M W AD - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA, mchou@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 411 EP - 420 PB - Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd., Elsevier House, Brookvale Plaza East Park Shannon, Co. Clare Ireland, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 155 IS - 3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Riddelliine N-oxide KW - Retrorsine N-oxide KW - Monocrotaline N-oxide KW - Riddelliine KW - Retrorsine KW - Monocrotaline KW - Pyrrolizidine alkaloid KW - Dehydroretronecine KW - DNA adducts KW - super(32)P-postlabeling KW - Human liver microsomal metabolism KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - Detoxification KW - Microsomes KW - Genotoxicity KW - N-Oxides KW - retrorsine KW - Livestock KW - pyrrolizidine alkaloids KW - Alkaloids KW - Liver KW - Metabolic activation KW - Troleandomycin KW - Metabolism KW - X 24114:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17768334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Human+liver+microsomal+reduction+of+pyrrolizidine+alkaloid+N-oxides+to+form+the+corresponding+carcinogenic+parent+alkaloid&rft.au=Wang%2C+Y-P%3BYan%2C+J%3BFu%2C+P+P%3BChou%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Y-P&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.toxlet.2004.11.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detoxification; High-performance liquid chromatography; DNA adducts; Microsomes; Genotoxicity; N-Oxides; retrorsine; Livestock; pyrrolizidine alkaloids; Alkaloids; Liver; Monocrotaline; Metabolic activation; Troleandomycin; Metabolism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.11.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunogenicity in mice of anthrax recombinant protective antigen in the presence of aluminum adjuvants AN - 17766153; 6162631 AB - The only US-licensed anthrax vaccine for human use, as well as several experimental vaccines containing solely purified recombinant protective antigen (rPA), are formulated using aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH) sub(3)) as an adjuvant. It has been suggested that effective adjuvanticity of aluminum salts for protein antigens depends, at least partially, on the degree of adsorption of the antigen to the adjuvant. On the other hand, the ease of antigen desorption from the adjuvant in a quantitative fashion may facilitate the assessment of vaccine characteristics in the laboratory. In this regard, aluminum phosphate (AlPO sub(4)), although deemed a "weaker" adjuvant than Al(OH) sub(3), appears superior to the latter. To investigate the possibility of formulating rPA vaccines with AlPO sub(4), as well as the significance of the adsorption of this antigen to the aluminum salt for adjuvanticity, we studied the effect of AlPO sub(4) and Al(OH) sub(3) on the induction of anti-rPA antibodies in mice. In a first immunization experiment the adjuvanticity of AlPO sub(4) combined with rPA was examined. Antibodies against rPA were measured using an ELISA. Results indicated that AlPO sub(4) is able to significantly increase the antibody response to rPA, irrespective of its degree of adsorption to the adjuvant. Based on these results, in a second experiment mice were immunized twice, with different formulations of rPA containing either AlPO sub(4) or Al(OH) sub(3), and rPA- antibodies were measured using ELISA and an in vitro toxin neutralization assay. Comparable immune responses to rPA were obtained with both aluminum salts. Additionally, results with AlPO sub(4) as adjuvant confirmed that, in this mouse model, binding of the protein to the adjuvant is not essential for adjuvanticity, whereas the amount of adjuvant has an influence on the antibody response induced. JF - Vaccine AU - Berthold, I AU - Pombo, M-L AU - Wagner, L AU - Arciniega, J L AD - Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US FDA, CBER/DBPAP [HFM-443], 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, USA, ingeberthold@web.de Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 1993 EP - 1999 PB - Butterworth-Heinemann, 313 Washington St. Newton MA 02158 USA VL - 23 IS - 16 SN - 0264-410X, 0264-410X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Aluminum hydroxide KW - Adjuvants KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Anthrax KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Desorption KW - protective antigen KW - Antibody response KW - Toxins KW - Salts KW - Phosphate KW - Aluminum KW - Adsorption KW - Vaccines KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06807:Active immunization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17766153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=Immunogenicity+in+mice+of+anthrax+recombinant+protective+antigen+in+the+presence+of+aluminum+adjuvants&rft.au=Berthold%2C+I%3BPombo%2C+M-L%3BWagner%2C+L%3BArciniega%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Berthold&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=1993&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2004.10.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacillus anthracis; Adjuvants; Vaccines; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; protective antigen; Anthrax; Antibody response; Toxins; Aluminum hydroxide; Phosphate; Aluminum; Salts; Adsorption; Desorption DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.10.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlations between biodynamic characteristics of human hand-arm system and the isolation effectiveness of anti-vibration gloves AN - 17743981; 6141076 AB - The objective of this study was to identify major individual factors that are directly associated with the effectiveness of anti-vibration gloves. Two series of experiments were performed. The first experiment measured the apparent mass of hand-arm system. The second one measured the transmissibility of a typical anti-vibration glove using a palm adapter method recommended in ISO 10819 (International Organisation for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1996). Six volunteers participated in the experiments. Nine test combinations consisting of three hand-tool coupling actions (grip-only, push-only, and combined grip and push) and three coupling forces (50, 75, and 100 N) were used. This study found that the vibration transmissibility of the glove was reliably correlated with the apparent mass in the frequency range of 40-200 Hz; and that the glove became more effective when the apparent mass was increased. This study further identified the effective stiffness of the hand-arm system at frequencies from 63 to 100 Hz as the key factor that influenced the biodynamic response and the glove transmissibility measured at the palm of the hand. Although not statistically significant, there was a trend that the anti-vibration glove was less effective in the middle frequency range (50-100 Hz) for people with larger hand sizes.Relevance to industry Correlations between glove transmissibility and the biodynamic response of hand-arm system provide a theoretical basis for understanding the effects of various factors that may influence the effectiveness of anti-vibration gloves. This information can also be used to help resolve practical problems with current glove testing standards and to aid in the design, appropriate selection, and effective use of anti- vibration gloves and devices. JF - International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics AU - Dong, R G AU - McDowell, T W AU - Welcome, DE AU - Smutz, W P AD - HEL/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)/CDC, Engineering & Control Technology Branch, 1095 Willowdale Road, MS 2201, Morgantown, West Virginia, WV 26505, USA, rkd6@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 205 EP - 216 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0169-8141, 0169-8141 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - gloves KW - Protective clothing KW - Hand-arm vibration syndrome KW - Vibration KW - Ergonomics KW - Occupational exposure KW - International standardization KW - Occupational health KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17743981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Industrial+Ergonomics&rft.atitle=Correlations+between+biodynamic+characteristics+of+human+hand-arm+system+and+the+isolation+effectiveness+of+anti-vibration+gloves&rft.au=Dong%2C+R+G%3BMcDowell%2C+T+W%3BWelcome%2C+DE%3BSmutz%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Industrial+Ergonomics&rft.issn=01698141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ergon.2004.08.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gloves; Vibration; Occupational exposure; Occupational health; Protective clothing; Hand-arm vibration syndrome; International standardization; Ergonomics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2004.08.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implantable Cardiac Pacemaker Electromagnetic Compatibility Testing in a Novel Security System Simulator AN - 17556858; 6257145 AB - This paper describes a novel simulator to perform electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) tests for active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) with electromagnetic fields emitted by security systems. The security system simulator was developed in response to over 100 incident reports over 17 years related to the interference of AIMD's with security systems and the lack of a standardized test method. The simulator was evaluated regarding field homogeneity, signal distortion, and maximum magnetic field strength levels. Small three-axis probes and a three-axis scanning system were designed to determine the spatial and temporal characteristics of the fields emitted by 12 different types of walk through metal detectors (WTMDs). Tests were performed on four implanted pacemakers with a saline phantom and correlated to a newly developed test method performed "in air" (without the phantom). Comparison of the simulator thresholds with tests performed in real WTMDs showed that the simulator is able to mimic the pacemaker interference. The interference thresholds found in the simulator indicate that pulsed magnetic fields are more likely to cause interference in pacemakers than sinusoidal fields. The security system simulator will help biomedical engineers, manufacturers of medical devices, and manufacturers of security systems to identify incompatible combinations of WTMDs and AIMDs early in the development stage. JF - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering AU - Kainz, W AU - Casamento, J P AU - Ruggera, P S AU - Chan, D D AU - Witters, D M AD - Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Rockville, MD 20851, USA, wxk@cdrh.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 520 EP - 530 VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0018-9294, 0018-9294 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Heart KW - Metals KW - Magnetic fields KW - Scanning KW - Probes KW - Developmental stages KW - Pacemakers KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17556858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Transactions+on+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Implantable+Cardiac+Pacemaker+Electromagnetic+Compatibility+Testing+in+a+Novel+Security+System+Simulator&rft.au=Kainz%2C+W%3BCasamento%2C+J+P%3BRuggera%2C+P+S%3BChan%2C+D+D%3BWitters%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Kainz&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=520&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Transactions+on+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.issn=00189294&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FTBME.2004.843293 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pacemakers; Magnetic fields; Probes; Electromagnetic fields; Scanning; Metals; Heart; Developmental stages DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2004.843293 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of antigenic profiles of inactivated poliovirus vaccine and vaccine-derived polioviruses by block-ELISA method AN - 17536069; 6388876 AB - A new block-ELISA test for quantitative evaluation of relative reactivity of antigenic sites was developed and used to reveal the detailed epitope structure of inactivated poliovirus vaccines (IPV) and live poliovirus strains. Poliovirus was captured on ELISA plates coated with rabbit anti-poliovirus IgG and blocked by monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) specific to individual epitopes before the remaining reactive antigenic sites were quantified by polyclonal anti-poliovirus IgG conjugate. The decrease of conjugate binding by the pre-treatment with a Mab reflects its contribution to the overall reactivity of poliovirus antigen. The level of block activity of Mabs for a given antigen can be expressed as a percent of reduction of antigenic reactivity as determined by ELISA test. It can be normalized by expressing this value as a ratio to the block activity of a reference sample. The data on the blocking-activity of a panel of monoclonal antibodies specific to different antigenic sites represents the epitope composition (antigenic profile) of a sample. Quantitative differences in epitope composition were determined for nine samples of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and compared with the International Reference Reagent. This method could be used for monitoring consistency of IPV production, comparison of vaccines made by different manufacturers, and for the analysis of antigenically modified strains of attenuated poliovirus. Antigenic structures of two isolates of type 1 vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) were compared with the structures of parental Sabin 1 and wild-type Mahoney strains using 17 monoclonal antibodies and revealed significant differences, suggesting that the method can be used for screening of field isolates and rapid identification of antigenically divergent VDPV strains. JF - Biologicals AU - Rezapkin, G AU - Martin, J AU - Chumakov, K AD - Food and Drug Administration, 1401 Rockville Pike, HFM 470, Rockville, MD 20852, USA, chumakov@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 29 EP - 39 PB - The International Association for Biologicals VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 1045-1056, 1045-1056 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Poliovirus KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Vaccines KW - Epitopes KW - W3 33365:Vaccines (other) KW - W3 33240:Immunology KW - V 22097:Immunization: Vaccines & vaccination: Human KW - V 22091:Immunological techniques & reagents KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17536069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biologicals&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+antigenic+profiles+of+inactivated+poliovirus+vaccine+and+vaccine-derived+polioviruses+by+block-ELISA+method&rft.au=Rezapkin%2C+G%3BMartin%2C+J%3BChumakov%2C+K&rft.aulast=Rezapkin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biologicals&rft.issn=10451056&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biologicals.2004.11.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poliovirus; Monoclonal antibodies; Epitopes; Vaccines; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Immunoglobulin G DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biologicals.2004.11.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Image informatics at a national research center AN - 17524411; 6201669 AB - Image informatics at the Communications Engineering Branch of the Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications (LHNCBC), an R&D division of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), includes document and biomedical images. In both domains, research into computer-assisted methods for information extraction, and the implementation of prototype systems incorporating such methods, is central to our mission. Current document image research focuses on extracting bibliographic data from scanned journal articles. Current biomedical imaging work focuses on content-based image retrieval (CBIR) and related problems in segmentation, indexing, and classifying collections of images of the spine and of the uterine cervix. JF - Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics AU - Long, L R AU - Antani, S K AU - Thoma, G R AD - Department of Health and Human Services, Communications Engineering Branch, US National Library of Medicine, Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Institutes of Health, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bldg 38A MS 55, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA, rlong@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 171 EP - 193 PB - Pergamon Press Inc., 660 White Plains Rd., Floor 2 Tarrytown NY 10591-5153 USA VL - 29 IS - 2-3 SN - 0895-6111, 0895-6111 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Uterus KW - Spine KW - Segmentation KW - Bioinformatics KW - Cervix KW - imaging KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17524411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computerized+Medical+Imaging+and+Graphics&rft.atitle=Image+informatics+at+a+national+research+center&rft.au=Long%2C+L+R%3BAntani%2C+S+K%3BThoma%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computerized+Medical+Imaging+and+Graphics&rft.issn=08956111&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.compmedimag.2004.09.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cervix; Segmentation; Spine; imaging; Uterus; Bioinformatics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compmedimag.2004.09.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Where Public School Students in Illinois Get Cigarettes and Alcohol: Characteristics of Minors Who Use Different Sources AN - 17377732; 6492498 AB - The current study examined demographic, behavior, belief, and social influence characteristics of adolescents who use various means to get cigarettes and alcohol. Spring 1998 survey participants were 7,302 6th, 8th, and 10th grade public school students from throughout Illinois, who self-identified as tobacco smokers and/or alcohol drinkers. The sample was not random, but closely matched the demographic composition of the state. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the effect of each independent variable on each of the cigarette sources and each of the alcohol sources. For both cigarettes and alcohol, adolescents used commercial sources far less than they did social sources such as family and friends. Also, older adolescents and those who are heavier and more entrenched smokers or drinkers were more likely to use both commercial and social sources. Other factors related to use of various sources included beliefs, social influences, and environmental influences. These findings have many implications for intervention, especially by parents and policymakers, and suggest an increased emphasis on social sources adolescents use to obtain cigarettes and alcohol. JF - Prevention Science AU - Williams, S S AU - Mulhall, P F AD - Office of Research, Development, and Information Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, sunyna.williams@cms.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 47 EP - 57 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1389-4986, 1389-4986 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Alcohol KW - USA, Illinois KW - Preventive health KW - Adolescence KW - Gerontology KW - Surveys KW - Intervention KW - Students KW - Demographics KW - Schools KW - Behavior KW - Analysis KW - Tobacco KW - Family KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17377732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Prevention+Science&rft.atitle=Where+Public+School+Students+in+Illinois+Get+Cigarettes+and+Alcohol%3A+Characteristics+of+Minors+Who+Use+Different+Sources&rft.au=Williams%2C+S+S%3BMulhall%2C+P+F&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Prevention+Science&rft.issn=13894986&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11121-005-1252-y LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alcohol; Preventive health; Adolescence; Gerontology; Intervention; Surveys; Students; Demographics; Schools; Behavior; Analysis; Tobacco; Family; USA, Illinois DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11121-005-1252-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The tuberculosis vaccine challenge AN - 17346922; 6417633 AB - Although antibiotic treatments for tuberculosis are available, because of re-infection, drug resistance, AIDS, and economic reasons, it is unlikely that we will be able to control the global spread of tuberculosis without an effective vaccine. A number of new candidate vaccines for tuberculosis are under development and some are being evaluated for safety in normal human subjects in clinical trials. Additional vaccine candidates have been shown to be safe and effective when administered prior to infection in animal models. However, in areas of the world where tuberculosis is endemic, up to two thirds of the population are already infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and it is unlikely that a new pre-exposure vaccine would have a substantial impact on disease for decades. In contrast, a vaccine that could be delivered to individuals already infected could reduce the disease burden. At this time, it is unclear whether the new TB vaccines can be safely and effectively used in populations already infected with M. tuberculosis, immunized with BCG vaccine or infected with HIV. This presents a major challenge to pre-clinical testing and clinical evaluation as well as eventual uptake of the new TB vaccines into areas of the world that are most at risk for tuberculosis. JF - Tuberculosis AU - Brennan, MJ AD - Laboratory of Mycobacterial Diseases and Cellular Immunology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bldg 29 Rm 503 HFM-431, 29 Lincoln Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 7 EP - 12 VL - 85 IS - 1-2 SN - 1472-9792, 1472-9792 KW - HIV KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - V 22003:AIDS: Immunological aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17346922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tuberculosis&rft.atitle=The+tuberculosis+vaccine+challenge&rft.au=Brennan%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Brennan&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tuberculosis&rft.issn=14729792&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tube.2004.09.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: TB vaccines for the world. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2004.09.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workgroup Report: Implementing a National Occupational Reproductive Research Agenda - Decade One and Beyond AN - 17230693; 6963737 AB - The initial goal of occupational reproductive health research is to effectively study the many toxicants, physical agents, and biomechanical and psychosocial stressors that may constitute reproductive hazards in the workplace. Although the main objective of occupational reproductive researchers and clinicians is to prevent recognized adverse reproductive outcomes, research has expanded to include a broader spectrum of chronic health outcomes potentially affected by reproductive toxicants. To aid in achieving these goals, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, along with its university, federal, industry, and labor colleagues, formed the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) in 1996. NORA resulted in 21 research teams, including the Reproductive Health Research Team (RHRT). In this report, we describe progress made in the last decade by the RHRT and by others in this field, including prioritizing reproductive toxicants for further study; facilitating collaboration among epidemiologists, biologists, and lexicologists; promoting quality exposure assessment in field studies and surveillance; and encouraging the design and conduct of priority occupational reproductive studies. We also describe new tools for screening reproductive toxicants and for analyzing mode of action. We recommend considering outcomes such as menopause and latent adverse effects for further study, as well as including exposures such as shift work and nanomaterials. We describe a broad domain of scholarship activities where a cohesive system of organized and aligned work activities integrates 10 years of team efforts and provides guidance for future research. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lawson, C C AU - Grajewski, B AU - Daston, G P AU - Frazier, L M AU - Lynch, D AU - McDiarmid, M AU - Murono, E AU - Perreault, S D AU - Robbins, WA AU - Ryan, MAK AU - Shelby, M AU - Whelan, E A AD - NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy., R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, clawson@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 435 EP - 441 VL - 114 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - nanomaterials KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - shift work KW - Toxicants KW - biomechanics KW - menopause KW - Reproduction KW - working conditions KW - Occupational exposure KW - Occupational health KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17230693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Workgroup+Report%3A+Implementing+a+National+Occupational+Reproductive+Research+Agenda+-+Decade+One+and+Beyond&rft.au=Lawson%2C+C+C%3BGrajewski%2C+B%3BDaston%2C+G+P%3BFrazier%2C+L+M%3BLynch%2C+D%3BMcDiarmid%2C+M%3BMurono%2C+E%3BPerreault%2C+S+D%3BRobbins%2C+WA%3BRyan%2C+MAK%3BShelby%2C+M%3BWhelan%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Lawson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.8458 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - shift work; Toxicants; biomechanics; menopause; Reproduction; Occupational exposure; working conditions; Occupational health DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8458 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NMR-based metabonomic evaluation of livers from rats chronically treated with tamoxifen, mestranol, and phenobarbital AN - 1709167886; 15622909 AB - In this study, we look at the metabolic effects of long-term dosing with tamoxifen, mestranol or phenobarbital on the liver. Tamoxifen, mestranol and phenobarbital have all been reported to act as promoters of hepatic tumors. While tamoxifen and mestranol are known to have estrogenic activity, in the liver phenobarbital is a non-estrogenic compound. Aqueous and lipophilic liver extracts from control and chronically treated Fisher 344 rats were evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). In both the aqueous and lipophilic sample sets, the estrogenic action of mestranol appears to be responsible for the clustering of these samples with those animals treated with tamoxifen. Phenobarbital does not have estrogenic activity and, therefore, clusters away from the estrogenic and control groups. In the lipophilic samples, the fatty acid peak (CH sub(2)) sub(n) was higher in tamoxifen-treated rats than in control, phenobarbital- or mestranol-treated rats. In the aqueous samples, serine and choline levels were higher in phenobarbital-treated rats than controls, which may be an indication that the folate-homocysteine metabolic pathways were altered. JF - Metabolomics AU - Schnackenberg, Laura AU - Beger, Richard D AU - Dragan, Yvonne AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, Division of Systems Toxicology, Jefferson, AR, 72079-9502, USA, rbeger@NCTR.FDA.GOV Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 87 EP - 94 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 1573-3882, 1573-3882 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Choline KW - Phenobarbital KW - Tumors KW - Spectroscopy KW - estrogenic activity KW - Tamoxifen KW - Lipophilic KW - Promoters KW - Fatty acids KW - Liver KW - Metabolic pathways KW - N.M.R. KW - metabolomics KW - Serine KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709167886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metabolomics&rft.atitle=NMR-based+metabonomic+evaluation+of+livers+from+rats+chronically+treated+with+tamoxifen%2C+mestranol%2C+and+phenobarbital&rft.au=Schnackenberg%2C+Laura%3BBeger%2C+Richard+D%3BDragan%2C+Yvonne&rft.aulast=Schnackenberg&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Metabolomics&rft.issn=15733882&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11306-005-1110-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phenobarbital; Choline; Tumors; Spectroscopy; Tamoxifen; estrogenic activity; Lipophilic; Promoters; Metabolic pathways; Liver; Fatty acids; N.M.R.; Serine; metabolomics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-005-1110-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of a dopamine transporter ligand that blocks the stimulant effects of cocaine. AN - 67454773; 15728828 AB - There is a large unmet medical need for cocaine addiction treatments. Studies have indicated that the dopamine transporter (DAT) is the primary biological target of cocaine, and most drugs that have DAT affinity have behavioral effects like those of cocaine. However, analogs of benztropine have high DAT affinity and behavioral effects that show varying degrees of similarity to cocaine. We now report the discovery that a benztropine analog, JHW007, with high affinity for the DAT does not have cocaine-like behavioral effects and antagonizes the effects of cocaine. JHW007 occupied the DAT in vivo more slowly than did cocaine and had not reached an apparent plateau up to 270 min after injection. The in vivo binding of cocaine to the DAT suggested rate of DAT occupancy as an important contributor to its behavioral effects, and the slow association with the DAT may provide an explanation for JHW007 being relatively devoid of cocaine-like behavioral effects. The antagonism of cocaine suggests that DAT ligands with reduced cocaine-like activity can function as cocaine antagonists and suggests JHW007 as a lead for discovery of cocaine-abuse pharmacotherapeutics. JF - The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Desai, Rajeev I AU - Kopajtic, Theresa A AU - Koffarnus, Mikhail AU - Newman, Amy Hauck AU - Katz, Jonathan L AD - Psychobiology, Medications Discovery Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. Y1 - 2005/02/23/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Feb 23 SP - 1889 EP - 1893 VL - 25 IS - 8 KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants KW - 0 KW - Dopamine Antagonists KW - Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins KW - Ligands KW - Membrane Glycoproteins KW - Membrane Transport Proteins KW - N-(n-butyl)-(bis-fluorophenyl)methoxytropane KW - N-allyl-(bisfluorophenyl)methoxytropane KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins KW - Slc6a3 protein, mouse KW - Slc6a3 protein, rat KW - RTI 121 KW - 146145-21-3 KW - Benztropine KW - 1NHL2J4X8K KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Corpus Striatum -- metabolism KW - Dopamine Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Inhibitory Concentration 50 KW - Male KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- drug effects KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- drug effects KW - Cocaine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Benztropine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Membrane Transport Proteins -- drug effects KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Benztropine -- pharmacology KW - Cocaine -- pharmacology KW - Cocaine -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67454773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Identification+of+a+dopamine+transporter+ligand+that+blocks+the+stimulant+effects+of+cocaine.&rft.au=Desai%2C+Rajeev+I%3BKopajtic%2C+Theresa+A%3BKoffarnus%2C+Mikhail%3BNewman%2C+Amy+Hauck%3BKatz%2C+Jonathan+L&rft.aulast=Desai&rft.aufirst=Rajeev&rft.date=2005-02-23&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=1529-2401&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluoro-Jade C results in ultra high resolution and contrast labeling of degenerating neurons. AN - 67431240; 15713273 AB - The causes and effects of neuronal degeneration are of major interest to a wide variety of neuroscientists. Paralleling this growing interest is an increasing number of methods applicable to the detection of neuronal degeneration. The earliest methods employing aniline dyes were methodologically simple, but difficult to interpret due to a lack of staining specificity. In an attempt to circumvent this problem, numerous suppressed silver methods have been introduced. However, these methods are labor intensive, incompatible with most other histochemical procedures and notoriously capricious. In an attempt to develop a tracer with the methodological simplicity and reliability of conventional stains but with the specificity of an ideal suppressed silver preparation, the Fluoro-Jade dyes were developed. Fluoro-Jade C, like its predecessors, Fluoro-Jade and Fluoro-Jade B, was found to stain all degenerating neurons, regardless of specific insult or mechanism of cell death. Therefore, the patterns of neuronal degeneration seen following exposure to either the glutamate agonist, kainic acid, or the inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration, 3-NPA, were the same for all of the Fluoro-Jade dyes. However, there was a qualitative difference in the staining characteristics of the three fluorochromes. Specifically, Fluoro-Jade C exhibited the greatest signal to background ratio, as well as the highest resolution. This translates to a stain of maximal contrast and affinity for degenerating neurons. This makes it ideal for localizing not only degenerating nerve cell bodies, but also distal dendrites, axons and terminals. The dye is highly resistant to fading and is compatible with virtually all histological processing and staining protocols. Triple labeling was accomplished by staining degenerating neurons with Fluoro-Jade C, cell nuclei with DAPI and activated astrocytes with GFAP immunofluoresence. JF - Brain research AU - Schmued, Larry C AU - Stowers, Chris C AU - Scallet, Andrew C AU - Xu, Lulu AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. lschmued@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/02/21/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Feb 21 SP - 24 EP - 31 VL - 1035 IS - 1 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Fluoresceins KW - 0 KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Indoles KW - Nitro Compounds KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Propionates KW - fluoro jade KW - DAPI KW - 47165-04-8 KW - 3-nitropropionic acid KW - QY4L0FOX0D KW - Kainic Acid KW - SIV03811UC KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Propionates -- toxicity KW - Astrocytes -- drug effects KW - Staining and Labeling -- methods KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Immunohistochemistry -- methods KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Kainic Acid -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Astrocytes -- metabolism KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Nerve Degeneration -- chemically induced KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Nerve Degeneration -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67431240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Fluoro-Jade+C+results+in+ultra+high+resolution+and+contrast+labeling+of+degenerating+neurons.&rft.au=Schmued%2C+Larry+C%3BStowers%2C+Chris+C%3BScallet%2C+Andrew+C%3BXu%2C+Lulu&rft.aulast=Schmued&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2005-02-21&rft.volume=1035&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Psychopathology associated with drinking and alcohol use disorders in the college and general adult populations. AN - 67370889; 15664715 AB - This paper examines the associations between past-year drinking status and the prevalence of 15 different past-year anxiety, mood and personality disorders, using a large (n = 43,093) nationally representative sample of the U.S. population. The prevalence of these disorders and their associations with drinking are compared for college students 18-29 years of age, other youth 18-29 years of age, and adults 30 years of age and older. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and past-year tobacco and illicit drug use, only drinkers with alcohol dependence experienced an excess risk of a mood or anxiety disorder among college students 18-29 years of age, OR = 2.4. In contrast, the excess risk of any mood or anxiety disorder associated with drinking status among non-college youth varied from an OR of 1.8 for non-binge drinkers to 4.7 for drinkers with alcohol dependence. Among persons 30 years of age and older, the degree of excess risk was slightly lower but still higher than those for college students, OR = 1.5-3.8. Similarly, the excess odds of any personality disorder associated with drinking varied from 1.6 to 5.0 for the younger, non-college group and from 1.5 to 3.8 for the older adults, with no significant effect observed among college students. Factors that may help explain the weaker association of psychopathology and drinking in the college population include selectivity and greater availability of social and treatment resources that serve as alternatives to self-medicating the symptoms of psychological distress with alcohol. JF - Drug and alcohol dependence AU - Dawson, Deborah A AU - Grant, Bridget F AU - Stinson, Frederick S AU - Chou, Patricia S AD - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, NIAAA/DBE, Bethesda, MD 20892-7003, USA. ddawson@wqillco.niaaa.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/02/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Feb 14 SP - 139 EP - 150 VL - 77 IS - 2 SN - 0376-8716, 0376-8716 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Psychopathology KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Prevalence KW - Students -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- epidemiology KW - Mental Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Alcohol Drinking -- psychology KW - Mental Disorders -- psychology KW - Mental Disorders -- etiology KW - Universities KW - Alcohol Drinking -- epidemiology KW - Alcoholism -- psychology KW - Alcoholism -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67370889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.atitle=Psychopathology+associated+with+drinking+and+alcohol+use+disorders+in+the+college+and+general+adult+populations.&rft.au=Dawson%2C+Deborah+A%3BGrant%2C+Bridget+F%3BStinson%2C+Frederick+S%3BChou%2C+Patricia+S&rft.aulast=Dawson&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2005-02-14&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+alcohol+dependence&rft.issn=03768716&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of the release of inflammatory mediators from rat alveolar macrophages and alveolar type II cells following lipopolysaccharide or silica exposure: A comparative study AN - 17762042; 6134586 AB - Evidence suggests that hyperproduction of reactive oxidants and inflammatory mediators plays a critical role in adverse pulmonary responses to silica or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of alveolar macrophages (AM) and alveolar epithelial type II cells (TII) in the induction of pulmonary inflammation and injury in response to these pulmonary toxicants. To support this objective, the release of several inflammatory mediators from primary rat AMs and TII cells was compared under similar culture and exposure conditions. The responsiveness of RLE-6TN, a rat type II cell line, was also compared to primary rat TII cells under the same culture conditions, following exposure to LPS or silica. The following findings were made. (1) Although AMs were generally found to release more inflammatory mediators than TII cells following LPS or silica exposure, primary TII cells clearly produced significant levels of mediators that could be capable of contributing considerably to lung inflammation and injury. (2) Since the responses of the RLE-6TN cell line to LPS or silica exposure were generally considerably less intense and required higher concentrations of stimulant than those measured in primary rat TII cells, RLE-6TN cells may not be an ideal substitute for primary TII cells in studying pulmonary inflammation. (3) LPS was more potent than silica in inducing inflammatory cytokine release from the three cell types. However, compared to LPS, silica exhibited equal or greater potency as an inducer of cellular oxidant generation, especially from primary TII cells. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues AU - Kanj, R S AU - Kang, J L AU - Castranova, V AD - NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Road, M/S 2015, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA, vicl@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/02/13/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Feb 13 SP - 185 EP - 207 VL - 68 IS - 3 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Macrophages KW - Silica KW - Toxicants KW - Lung KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Cytokines KW - Cell culture KW - Stimulants KW - Alveoli KW - Oxidants KW - Inflammation KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17762042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Current+Issues&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+the+release+of+inflammatory+mediators+from+rat+alveolar+macrophages+and+alveolar+type+II+cells+following+lipopolysaccharide+or+silica+exposure%3A+A+comparative+study&rft.au=Kanj%2C+R+S%3BKang%2C+J+L%3BCastranova%2C+V&rft.aulast=Kanj&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-02-13&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Current+Issues&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15287390590890509 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macrophages; Silica; Toxicants; Lung; Cytokines; Lipopolysaccharides; Stimulants; Cell culture; Oxidants; Alveoli; Inflammation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287390590890509 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GALVESTON NATIONAL LABORATORY FOR BIODEFENSE AND EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESEARCH FACILITY IN GALVESTON, TEXAS. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - GALVESTON NATIONAL LABORATORY FOR BIODEFENSE AND EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESEARCH FACILITY IN GALVESTON, TEXAS. AN - 36367604; 050289F-050064_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The provision of a grant to the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) is proposed to partially fund the construction of a National Biocontainment Laboratory (NBL) on the UTMB campus in Galveston, Texas. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has greatly accelerated its biodefense research program. To meet the nation's biodefense needs, NIAID, in consultation with other experts in the field, developed a strategic plan for addressing emerging infectious diseases and biodefense research. NIAIDs ultimate goal is to develop and improve diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments for diseases caused by infectious agents. Much of this research is conducted in biosafety laboratories. In February 2002, an outside panel of experts provided guidance to NIAID indicating the lack of a sufficient amount of Biosafety Level-3 (BSL-3) and BSL-4 space as a significant barrier to progress. A grant was awarded to UTMB on September 30, 2003 by NIAID to partially fund an NBL in Galveston to support NIAID's biodefense research agenda of enhancing national security through the development and evaluation of improved diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines for protection against diseases, including those that could be used by bioterrorists. The proposed NBL, to be known as the Galveston National Laboratory (GNL), would consist of a new reinforced concrete, seven-story building housing BSL-2, BSL-3, and BSL-4 facilities, an Arthropod Containment Level-3 insectary, offices, conference rooms, and support facilities, with an overall new area of 82,411 square feet. GNL construction would begin in the summer of 2005 and continue until the summer of 2008. The total cost of the GNL is estimated at $147.0 million. NIAID would fund approximately $110 million, with UTMB providing the remaining capital under a matching fund arrangement. In addition to the proposed action, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The GNL would significantly increase NIAID's research capacity with respect to agents requiring BSL-2, BSL-3, and BSL-4 research space, substantially enhancing NIAID's ability to provide means of dealing with naturally emerging or biotechnologically developed infectious diseases. In addition to its role in federal efforts, the GNL would provide support to state and local public health authorities in the event of a bioterrorist attack or infectious disease emergency. The GNL would generate 270 direct new jobs and 328 jobs in total. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The GNL would occupy one acre within the footprint of the Bail Borden Building, which would be demolished in early 2005. The total construction area of the GNL site would cover 6.9 acres, including a plaza within the 200-foot security perimeter. The facility would lie within a seismically active area known as the Gulf Coast Normal Faults Region. Though all possible leaks of hazardous materials would be rigorously contained, accidental releases, though highly unlikely, could affect facility personnel and members of the local community. LEGAL MANDATES: Project Bioshield Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-276). JF - EPA number: 050064, 222 pages and maps, February 11, 2005 PY - 2005 VL - 1 KW - Defense Programs KW - Biological Agents KW - Buildings KW - Earthquakes KW - Employment KW - Hazardous Materials KW - Health Hazards KW - Health Hazard Analyses KW - Public Health KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Safety KW - Safety Analyses KW - Texas KW - Project Bioshield Act of 2004, Funding UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36367604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-02-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GALVESTON+NATIONAL+LABORATORY+FOR+BIODEFENSE+AND+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+RESEARCH+FACILITY+IN+GALVESTON%2C+TEXAS.&rft.title=GALVESTON+NATIONAL+LABORATORY+FOR+BIODEFENSE+AND+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+RESEARCH+FACILITY+IN+GALVESTON%2C+TEXAS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; NIH N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: February 11, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GALVESTON NATIONAL LABORATORY FOR BIODEFENSE AND EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESEARCH FACILITY IN GALVESTON, TEXAS. AN - 16349369; 11402 AB - PURPOSE: The provision of a grant to the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) is proposed to partially fund the construction of a National Biocontainment Laboratory (NBL) on the UTMB campus in Galveston, Texas. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has greatly accelerated its biodefense research program. To meet the nation's biodefense needs, NIAID, in consultation with other experts in the field, developed a strategic plan for addressing emerging infectious diseases and biodefense research. NIAIDs ultimate goal is to develop and improve diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments for diseases caused by infectious agents. Much of this research is conducted in biosafety laboratories. In February 2002, an outside panel of experts provided guidance to NIAID indicating the lack of a sufficient amount of Biosafety Level-3 (BSL-3) and BSL-4 space as a significant barrier to progress. A grant was awarded to UTMB on September 30, 2003 by NIAID to partially fund an NBL in Galveston to support NIAID's biodefense research agenda of enhancing national security through the development and evaluation of improved diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines for protection against diseases, including those that could be used by bioterrorists. The proposed NBL, to be known as the Galveston National Laboratory (GNL), would consist of a new reinforced concrete, seven-story building housing BSL-2, BSL-3, and BSL-4 facilities, an Arthropod Containment Level-3 insectary, offices, conference rooms, and support facilities, with an overall new area of 82,411 square feet. GNL construction would begin in the summer of 2005 and continue until the summer of 2008. The total cost of the GNL is estimated at $147.0 million. NIAID would fund approximately $110 million, with UTMB providing the remaining capital under a matching fund arrangement. In addition to the proposed action, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The GNL would significantly increase NIAID's research capacity with respect to agents requiring BSL-2, BSL-3, and BSL-4 research space, substantially enhancing NIAID's ability to provide means of dealing with naturally emerging or biotechnologically developed infectious diseases. In addition to its role in federal efforts, the GNL would provide support to state and local public health authorities in the event of a bioterrorist attack or infectious disease emergency. The GNL would generate 270 direct new jobs and 328 jobs in total. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The GNL would occupy one acre within the footprint of the Bail Borden Building, which would be demolished in early 2005. The total construction area of the GNL site would cover 6.9 acres, including a plaza within the 200-foot security perimeter. The facility would lie within a seismically active area known as the Gulf Coast Normal Faults Region. Though all possible leaks of hazardous materials would be rigorously contained, accidental releases, though highly unlikely, could affect facility personnel and members of the local community. LEGAL MANDATES: Project Bioshield Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-276). JF - EPA number: 050064, 222 pages and maps, February 11, 2005 PY - 2005 KW - Defense Programs KW - Biological Agents KW - Buildings KW - Earthquakes KW - Employment KW - Hazardous Materials KW - Health Hazards KW - Health Hazard Analyses KW - Public Health KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Safety KW - Safety Analyses KW - Texas KW - Project Bioshield Act of 2004, Funding UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16349369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-02-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GALVESTON+NATIONAL+LABORATORY+FOR+BIODEFENSE+AND+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+RESEARCH+FACILITY+IN+GALVESTON%2C+TEXAS.&rft.title=GALVESTON+NATIONAL+LABORATORY+FOR+BIODEFENSE+AND+EMERGING+INFECTIOUS+DISEASES+RESEARCH+FACILITY+IN+GALVESTON%2C+TEXAS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; NIH N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: February 11, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA adducts derived from administration of acrylamide and glycidamide to mice and rats. AN - 67379277; 15668115 AB - Acrylamide (AA) is an important industrial chemical that is neurotoxic, mutagenic to somatic and germ cells, and carcinogenic in chronic rodent bioassays. Recent findings of AA in many common starchy foods have sparked renewed interest in determining toxic mechanisms and in understanding the cancer, neurotoxicity, and reproductive risks from typical human exposures. Dosing mice and rats with AA (50 mg/kg) led to presence of glycidamide (GA) in serum and tissues. Furthermore, GA-derived DNA adducts of adenine and guanine were formed in all tissues examined, including both target tissues identified in rodent carcinogenicity bioassays and in non-target tissues. Dosing rats and mice with an equimolar amount of GA typically produced higher levels of DNA adducts than observed with AA. Kinetics of DNA adduct formation and accumulation were measured following oral administration of a single dose of AA (50 mg/kg) or from repeat dosing (1 mg/kg/day), respectively. The formation of these DNA adducts is consistent with previously reported mutagenicity of AA and GA in vitro, which involved reaction of GA with adenine and guanine bases. These results provide strong support for a genotoxic mechanism of AA carcinogenicity in rodents. The kinetic/biomarker approaches described here may represent a meaningful way to extrapolate cancer risks to actual human exposures from food, which are much lower. JF - Mutation research AU - Doerge, Daniel R AU - Gamboa da Costa, Gonçalo AU - McDaniel, L Patrice AU - Churchwell, Mona I AU - Twaddle, Nathan C AU - Beland, Frederick A AD - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. ddoerge@nctr.fad.gov Y1 - 2005/02/07/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Feb 07 SP - 131 EP - 141 VL - 580 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - Mutagens KW - Acrylamide KW - 20R035KLCI KW - Guanine KW - 5Z93L87A1R KW - glycidamide KW - 6G5ELX5XYN KW - Adenine KW - JAC85A2161 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Administration, Oral KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Adenine -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Male KW - Guanine -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Epoxy Compounds -- blood KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Epoxy Compounds -- toxicity KW - Acrylamide -- blood KW - Acrylamide -- toxicity KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67379277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=DNA+adducts+derived+from+administration+of+acrylamide+and+glycidamide+to+mice+and+rats.&rft.au=Doerge%2C+Daniel+R%3BGamboa+da+Costa%2C+Gon%C3%A7alo%3BMcDaniel%2C+L+Patrice%3BChurchwell%2C+Mona+I%3BTwaddle%2C+Nathan+C%3BBeland%2C+Frederick+A&rft.aulast=Doerge&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2005-02-07&rft.volume=580&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cdc42 regulates arsenic-induced NADPH oxidase activation and cell migration through actin filament reorganization. AN - 67407591; 15492012 AB - Although arsenic is a human carcinogen, the molecular mechanisms of its action remain to be understood. The present study reports that exposure to arsenic induced actin filament reorganization, resulting in lamellipodia and filopodia structures through the activation of Cdc42 in SVEC4-10 endothelial cells. It was also found that arsenic induced the formation of the superoxide anion (O2*) in SVEC4-10 cells. Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting analysis demonstrated that arsenic stimulation induced serine phosphorylation of p47phox, a key component of NADPH oxidase, indicating that arsenic induces O2* formation through NADPH oxidase activation. Inhibition of arsenic-induced actin filament reorganization by either overexpression of a dominant negative Cdc42 or pretreatment of an actin filament stabilizing regent, jasplakinolide, abrogated arsenic-induced NADPH oxidase activation, showing that the activation of NADPH oxidase was regulated by Cdc42-mediated actin filament reorganization. This study also showed that overexpression of a dominant negative Rac1 was sufficient to abolish arsenic-induced O2*- production, implying that Rac1 activities are required for Cdc42-mediated NADPH oxidase activation in response to arsenic stimulation. Furthermore, arsenic stimulation induced cell migration, which can be inhibited by the inactivation of either Cdc42 or NADPH oxidase. Taken together, the results indicate that arsenic is able to activate NADPH oxidase through Cdc42-mediated actin filament reorganization, leading to the induction of an increase in cell migration in SVEC4-10 endothelial cells. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Qian, Yong AU - Liu, Ke Jian AU - Chen, Yan AU - Flynn, Daniel C AU - Castranova, Vince AU - Shi, Xianglin AD - Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. YAQ2@CDC.GOV Y1 - 2005/02/04/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Feb 04 SP - 3875 EP - 3884 VL - 280 IS - 5 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - NADPH Oxidase KW - EC 1.6.3.1 KW - cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - rac1 GTP-Binding Protein KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Pseudopodia -- drug effects KW - Pseudopodia -- physiology KW - Enzyme Activation -- drug effects KW - rac1 GTP-Binding Protein -- metabolism KW - Enzyme Activation -- physiology KW - Mice KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - NADPH Oxidase -- metabolism KW - cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein -- metabolism KW - Cell Movement -- physiology KW - Actin Cytoskeleton -- metabolism KW - Arsenic -- pharmacology KW - Cell Movement -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67407591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Cdc42+regulates+arsenic-induced+NADPH+oxidase+activation+and+cell+migration+through+actin+filament+reorganization.&rft.au=Qian%2C+Yong%3BLiu%2C+Ke+Jian%3BChen%2C+Yan%3BFlynn%2C+Daniel+C%3BCastranova%2C+Vince%3BShi%2C+Xianglin&rft.aulast=Qian&rft.aufirst=Yong&rft.date=2005-02-04&rft.volume=280&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=3875&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace analysis of ethinyl estradiol in casein diet using gas chromatography with electron capture detection. AN - 67734463; 15826365 AB - Ethinyl estradiol (EE2) is an extremely potent synthetic estrogen and a common component in oral contraceptives. The drug has a well-characterized pharmacological profile and is used as a positive control in toxicological investigations of compounds having estrogenic activity. An analytical method developed for the determination of low microg/kg levels of EE2 in a casein-based rodent diet is presented. A methanol extract of casein diet is purified for instrumental analysis by a 3-fold solid-phase extraction process. The sample extract is derivatized with pentafluoropropionic anhydride to the pentafluoropropionyl product and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Recoveries of EE2 from casein diet fortified at 5, 10, and 50 microg/kg average 88.8% and have a relative standard deviation (%) of 7.2. The method limit of detection in a casein-based diet is 1 microg/kg. JF - Journal of chromatographic science AU - Evans, Ronald L AU - Rushing, Larry G AU - Billedeau, Stanley M AU - Holder, Claude L AU - Siitonen, Paul H AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 76 EP - 80 VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9665, 0021-9665 KW - Caseins KW - 0 KW - Ethinyl Estradiol KW - 423D2T571U KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Solid Phase Extraction KW - Food, Fortified -- analysis KW - Ethinyl Estradiol -- analysis KW - Animal Feed -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Gas -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67734463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatographic+science&rft.atitle=Trace+analysis+of+ethinyl+estradiol+in+casein+diet+using+gas+chromatography+with+electron+capture+detection.&rft.au=Evans%2C+Ronald+L%3BRushing%2C+Larry+G%3BBilledeau%2C+Stanley+M%3BHolder%2C+Claude+L%3BSiitonen%2C+Paul+H&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=76&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatographic+science&rft.issn=00219665&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2007-04-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interspecies metabolism of heterocyclic aromatic amines and the uncertainties in extrapolation of animal toxicity data for human risk assessment. AN - 67505286; 15617087 AB - Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are potent bacterial mutagens that are formed in cooked meats, tobacco smokes condensate, and diesel exhaust. Many HAAs are carcinogenic in experimental animal models. Because of their wide-spread occurrence in the diet and environment, HAAs may contribute to some common types of human cancers. The extrapolation of animal toxicity data on HAAs to asses human health risk has many uncertainties, which can lead to tenuous risk assessment estimates. Perhaps the most critical and variable parameters in interspecies extrapolation are the effects of dose, species differences in catalytic activities of xenobiotic metabolism enzymes (XMEs), human XME polymorphisms that lead to interindividual differences in carcinogen metabolism and dietary constituents that may either augment or diminish the carcinogenic potency of these genotoxins. The impact of these parameters on the metabolism and toxicological properties of HAAS and uncertainties in extrapolation of animal toxicity data for human risk assessment are presented in this article. JF - Molecular nutrition & food research AU - Turesky, Robert J AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, Division of Chemistry, Jefferson, AR, USA. Rxt07@health.state.ny.us Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 101 EP - 117 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 1613-4125, 1613-4125 KW - Amines KW - 0 KW - Heterocyclic Compounds KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Acetyltransferases KW - EC 2.3.1.- KW - Glucuronosyltransferase KW - EC 2.4.1.17 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Sulfotransferases KW - EC 2.8.2.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Sulfotransferases -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Sulfotransferases -- metabolism KW - Glucuronosyltransferase -- genetics KW - Acetyltransferases -- metabolism KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - Glutathione Transferase -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Glucuronosyltransferase -- metabolism KW - Glutathione Transferase -- genetics KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Kinetics KW - Acetyltransferases -- genetics KW - Species Specificity KW - Heterocyclic Compounds -- metabolism KW - Amines -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67505286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+nutrition+%26+food+research&rft.atitle=Interspecies+metabolism+of+heterocyclic+aromatic+amines+and+the+uncertainties+in+extrapolation+of+animal+toxicity+data+for+human+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Turesky%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Turesky&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+nutrition+%26+food+research&rft.issn=16134125&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatocellular carcinoma and polymorphisms in carcinogen-metabolizing and DNA repair enzymes in a population with aflatoxin exposure and hepatitis B virus endemicity. AN - 67462479; 15734960 AB - High rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in The Gambia, West Africa, are primarily due to a high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection and heavy aflatoxin exposure via groundnut consumption. We investigated genetic polymorphisms in carcinogen-metabolizing (GSTM1, GSTT1, HYL1*2) and DNA repair (XRCC1) enzymes in a hospital-based case-control study. Incident HCC cases (n = 216) were compared with frequency-matched controls (n = 408) with no clinically apparent liver disease. Although the prevalence of variant genotypes was generally low, in multivariable analysis (adjusting for demographic factors, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and TP53 status), the GSTM1-null genotype [odds ratio (OR), 2.45; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.21-4.95] and the heterozygote XRCC1-399 AG genotype (OR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.35-7.51) were significantly associated with HCC. A weak association of the HYL1*2 polymorphism with HCC was observed but did not reach statistical significance. GSTT1 was not associated with HCC. The risk for HCC with null GSTM1 was most prominent among those with the highest groundnut consumption (OR, 4.67; 95% CI, 1.45-15.1) and was not evident among those with less than the mean groundnut intake (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.20-2.02). Among participants who had all three suspected aflatoxin-related high-risk genotypes [GSTM1 null, HLY1*2 (HY/HH), and XRCC1 (AG/GG)], a significant 15-fold increased risk of HCC was observed albeit with imprecise estimates (OR, 14.7; 95% CI, 1.27-169). Our findings suggest that genetic modulation of carcinogen metabolism and DNA repair can alter susceptibility to HCC and that these effects may be modified by environmental factors. JF - Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology AU - Kirk, Gregory D AU - Turner, Paul C AU - Gong, Yunyun AU - Lesi, Olufunmilayo A AU - Mendy, Maimuna AU - Goedert, James J AU - Hall, Andrew J AU - Whittle, Hilton AU - Hainaut, Pierre AU - Montesano, Ruggero AU - Wild, Christopher P AD - Viral Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH/Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. kirkg@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 373 EP - 379 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 1055-9965, 1055-9965 KW - Aflatoxins KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - X-ray repair cross complementing protein 1 KW - glutathione S-transferase T1 KW - EC 2.5.1.- KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - glutathione S-transferase M1 KW - Epoxide Hydrolases KW - EC 3.3.2.- KW - DNA Repair Enzymes KW - EC 6.5.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Gambia -- epidemiology KW - Humans KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Glutathione Transferase -- genetics KW - Epoxide Hydrolases -- genetics KW - Genotype KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Hepatitis B -- complications KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- virology KW - DNA Repair Enzymes -- metabolism KW - Polymorphism, Genetic KW - Liver Neoplasms -- enzymology KW - Liver Neoplasms -- virology KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Liver Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- epidemiology KW - Aflatoxins -- metabolism KW - DNA Repair Enzymes -- genetics KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- genetics KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- enzymology KW - Aflatoxins -- toxicity KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- chemically induced KW - Liver Neoplasms -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67462479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+epidemiology%2C+biomarkers+%26+prevention+%3A+a+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research%2C+cosponsored+by+the+American+Society+of+Preventive+Oncology&rft.atitle=Hepatocellular+carcinoma+and+polymorphisms+in+carcinogen-metabolizing+and+DNA+repair+enzymes+in+a+population+with+aflatoxin+exposure+and+hepatitis+B+virus+endemicity.&rft.au=Kirk%2C+Gregory+D%3BTurner%2C+Paul+C%3BGong%2C+Yunyun%3BLesi%2C+Olufunmilayo+A%3BMendy%2C+Maimuna%3BGoedert%2C+James+J%3BHall%2C+Andrew+J%3BWhittle%2C+Hilton%3BHainaut%2C+Pierre%3BMontesano%2C+Ruggero%3BWild%2C+Christopher+P&rft.aulast=Kirk&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+epidemiology%2C+biomarkers+%26+prevention+%3A+a+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research%2C+cosponsored+by+the+American+Society+of+Preventive+Oncology&rft.issn=10559965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approaches in the safety evaluations of veterinary antimicrobial agents in food to determine the effects on the human intestinal microflora. AN - 67446649; 15720510 AB - The administration of antimicrobial agents to livestock creates potential for antibiotic residues to enter the food supply and be consumed by humans. Therefore, as a process of food animal drug registration, national regulatory agencies and international committees evaluate data regarding the chemical, microbiologic, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, pharmacologic, toxicologic, and antimicrobial properties of veterinary drugs to assess the safety of ingested antimicrobial residues to consumers. Currently, European, Australian and United States guidelines for veterinary drug registration require a safety assessment of microbiologic hazards from consumption of antimicrobial residues taking into account the potentially adverse effects on human intestinal microflora. The main concerns addressed are selection of resistant bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and disruption of the colonization barrier of the resident intestinal microflora. Current requirements differ among national agencies. Efforts are ongoing internationally to review and harmonize approaches and test methods and protocols for application to these microbiologic safety evaluations of antimicrobial drug residues in food. This review describes the background to current regulatory approaches used in applying in vitro and in vivo methods to set a microbiologic acceptable daily intake for residues in food derived from animals treated with an antimicrobial agent. This paper also examines the current research needs to support these evaluations. JF - Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics AU - Cerniglia, C E AU - Kotarski, S AD - Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. ccerniglia@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 3 EP - 20 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0140-7783, 0140-7783 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Veterinary Drugs KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Decision Trees KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Legislation, Food KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests -- standards KW - Consumer Product Safety -- standards KW - Drug Residues -- pharmacology KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests -- methods KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- standards KW - Consumer Product Safety -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Intestines -- microbiology KW - Drug Residues -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67446649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+veterinary+pharmacology+and+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Approaches+in+the+safety+evaluations+of+veterinary+antimicrobial+agents+in+food+to+determine+the+effects+on+the+human+intestinal+microflora.&rft.au=Cerniglia%2C+C+E%3BKotarski%2C+S&rft.aulast=Cerniglia&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+veterinary+pharmacology+and+therapeutics&rft.issn=01407783&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photodecomposition of retinyl palmitate in ethanol by UVA light-formation of photodecomposition products, reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxides. AN - 67441063; 15720116 AB - Photodecomposition of retinyl palmitate (RP), an ester and the storage form of vitamin A (retinol), in ethanol under UVA light irradiation was studied. The resulting photodecomposition products were separated by reversed-phase HPLC and identified by spectral analysis and comparison with the chromatographic and spectral properties of synthetically prepared standards. The identified products include 5,6-epoxy-RP, 4-keto-RP, 11-ethoxy-12-hydroxy-RP, 13-ethoxy-14-hydroxy-RP, anhydroretinol (AR), palmitic acid, ethyl palmitate, and four tentatively assigned cis and trans isomeric 15-ethoxy-ARs. AR was formed as a mixture of all-trans-AR, 6Z-cis-AR, 8Z-cis-AR, and 12Z-cis-AR with all-trans-AR predominating. 5,6-Epoxy-RP, 4-keto-RP, 11-ethoxy-12-hydroxy-RP, and 13-ethoxy-14-hydroxy-RP were also formed from reaction of RP with alkylperoxy radicals generated by thermal decomposition of 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile). Formation of these photodecomposition products was inhibited in the presence of sodium azide (NaN3), a free radical inhibitor. These results suggest that formation of 5,6-epoxy-RP, 4-keto-RP, 11-ethoxy-12-hydroxy-RP, and 13-ethoxy-14-hydroxy-RP from photoirradiation of RP is mediated by a light-initiated free radical chain reaction. AR and the isomeric 11-ethoxy-ARs were not formed from reaction of RP with alkylperoxy radicals generated from 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), and their formation was not inhibited when NaN3 was present during the photoirradiation of RP. We propose that these products were formed through an ionic photodissociation mechanism, which is similar to the reported formation of AR through ionic photodissociation of retinyl acetate. RP and all its identified photodecomposition products described above (i) were not mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA104 in the presence and absence of S9 activation enzymes, (ii) were not photomutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium TA102 upon UVA irradiation, and (iii) did not bind with calf thymus DNA in the presence of microsomal metabolizing enzymes. These results suggest that RP and its decomposition products are not genotoxic; however, photoirradiation of RP, 5,6-epoxy-RP, and AR with UVA light in the presence of methyl linoleate resulted in lipid peroxide (methyl linoleate hydroperoxides) formation. The lipid peroxide formation was inhibited by dithiothreitol (DTT) (free radical scavenger), NaN3 (singlet oxygen and free radical scavenger), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (superoxide scavenger) but was enhanced by the presence of deuterium oxide (D2O) (enhancement of singlet oxygen lifetime). These results suggest that photoirradiation of RP, 5,6-epoxy-RP, and AR by UVA light generated reactive oxygen species resulting in lipid (methyl linoleate) peroxidation. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Cherng, Shu-Hui AU - Xia, Qingsu AU - Blankenship, Lonnie R AU - Freeman, James P AU - Wamer, Wayne G AU - Howard, Paul C AU - Fu, Peter P AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA. Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 129 EP - 138 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Lipid Peroxides KW - 0 KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - Vitamin A KW - 11103-57-4 KW - retinol palmitate KW - 1D1K0N0VVC KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Index Medicus KW - Photochemistry KW - Molecular Structure KW - Photolysis KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- chemical synthesis KW - Vitamin A -- analogs & derivatives KW - Vitamin A -- chemistry KW - Lipid Peroxides -- chemical synthesis KW - Lipid Peroxides -- chemistry KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- chemistry KW - Ethanol -- chemistry KW - Vitamin A -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67441063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Photodecomposition+of+retinyl+palmitate+in+ethanol+by+UVA+light-formation+of+photodecomposition+products%2C+reactive+oxygen+species%2C+and+lipid+peroxides.&rft.au=Cherng%2C+Shu-Hui%3BXia%2C+Qingsu%3BBlankenship%2C+Lonnie+R%3BFreeman%2C+James+P%3BWamer%2C+Wayne+G%3BHoward%2C+Paul+C%3BFu%2C+Peter+P&rft.aulast=Cherng&rft.aufirst=Shu-Hui&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pemetrexed in malignant pleural mesothelioma. AN - 67428291; 15709163 AB - This report describes the data and analysis leading to the approval of pemetrexed (LY 231514, MTA, Alimta, Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of a New Drug Application for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The FDA review of the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed assessed in a randomized clinical trial of 448 patients with unresectable MPM comparing pemetrexed plus cisplatin with cisplatin alone, as well as preclinical pharmacology and chemistry data, are described. The basis for marketing approval is discussed. In one randomized, single-blind, multicenter international trial, 226 patients were randomized to the pemetrexed and cisplatin arm and 222 patients were randomized to cisplatin alone. Median survival times were 12.1 months for pemetrexed and cisplatin and 9.3 months for cisplatin (P = 0.021; hazard ratio, 0.766; 95% confidence interval, 0.61-0.96). Myelosuppression, predominantly neutropenia, was the most common toxicity of pemetrexed plus cisplatin. Other common adverse events were fatigue, leucopenia, nausea, dyspnea, vomiting, chest pain, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and anorexia. Pemetrexed in combination with cisplatin was approved by the FDA on February 4, 2004 for the treatment of patients with MPM whose disease is either unresectable or who are otherwise not candidates for curative surgery. The recommended dose of pemetrexed is 500 mg/m(2) intra venous infusion over 10 minutes on day 1 of each 21-day cycle in combination with 75 mg/m(2) cisplatin infused over 2 hours beginning 30 minutes after the pemetrexed infusion. Patients must receive oral folic acid and vitamin B(12) injections before the start and during therapy to reduce severe toxicities. Patients should also receive corticosteroids with the chemotherapy to decrease the incidence of skin rash. Approval was based on a demonstration of survival improvement in a single randomized trial. Response rates and time to tumor progression were not included in product labeling because of inconsistencies in assessments among the investigators, independent radiologic reviewers, and the FDA, reflecting the difficulty of radiographic assessments in malignant mesothelioma. Complete prescribing information is available on the FDA Web site at http://www.fda.gov/cder/approval/index.htm. JF - Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Hazarika, Maitreyee AU - White, Robert M AU - Booth, Brian P AU - Wang, Yong-Cheng AU - Ham, Doo Y Lee AU - Liang, Cheng Yi AU - Rahman, Atiqur AU - Gobburu, Jogarao V S AU - Li, Ning AU - Sridhara, Rajeshwari AU - Morse, David E AU - Lostritto, Richard AU - Garvey, Patricia AU - Johnson, John R AU - Pazdur, Richard AD - Division of Oncology Drug Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, USA. HazarikaM@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/02/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Feb 01 SP - 982 EP - 992 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1078-0432, 1078-0432 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Glutamates KW - Pemetrexed KW - 04Q9AIZ7NO KW - Guanine KW - 5Z93L87A1R KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Multicenter Studies as Topic KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic KW - Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic KW - Drug Approval KW - Adult KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Male KW - Survival Analysis KW - Mesothelioma -- drug therapy KW - Pleural Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Guanine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Glutamates -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Guanine -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67428291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Pemetrexed+in+malignant+pleural+mesothelioma.&rft.au=Hazarika%2C+Maitreyee%3BWhite%2C+Robert+M%3BBooth%2C+Brian+P%3BWang%2C+Yong-Cheng%3BHam%2C+Doo+Y+Lee%3BLiang%2C+Cheng+Yi%3BRahman%2C+Atiqur%3BGobburu%2C+Jogarao+V+S%3BLi%2C+Ning%3BSridhara%2C+Rajeshwari%3BMorse%2C+David+E%3BLostritto%2C+Richard%3BGarvey%2C+Patricia%3BJohnson%2C+John+R%3BPazdur%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Hazarika&rft.aufirst=Maitreyee&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=982&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10780432&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk of acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death in patients treated with cyclo-oxygenase 2 selective and non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: nested case-control study. AN - 67425349; 15705456 AB - Controversy has surrounded the question about whether high-dose rofecoxib increases or naproxen decreases the risk of serious coronary heart disease. We sought to establish if risk was enhanced with rofecoxib at either high or standard doses compared with remote non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use or celecoxib use, because celecoxib was the most common alternative to rofecoxib. We used data from Kaiser Permanente in California to assemble a cohort of all patients age 18-84 years treated with a NSAID between Jan 1, 1999, and Dec 31, 2001, within which we did a nested case-control study. Cases of serious coronary heart disease (acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death) were risk-set matched with four controls for age, sex, and health plan region. Current exposure to cyclo-oxygenase 2 selective and non-selective NSAIDs was compared with remote exposure to any NSAID, and rofecoxib was compared with celecoxib. During 2302029 person-years of follow-up, 8143 cases of serious coronary heart disease occurred, of which 2210 (27.1%) were fatal. Multivariate adjusted odds ratios versus celecoxib were: for rofecoxib (all doses), 1.59 (95% CI 1.10-2.32, p=0.015); for rofecoxib 25 mg/day or less, 1.47 (0.99-2.17, p=0.054); and for rofecoxib greater than 25 mg/day, 3.58 (1.27-10.11, p=0.016). For naproxen versus remote NSAID use the adjusted odds ratio was 1.14 (1.00-1.30, p=0.05). Rofecoxib use increases the risk of serious coronary heart disease compared with celecoxib use. Naproxen use does not protect against serious coronary heart disease. JF - Lancet (London, England) AU - Graham, David J AU - Campen, David AU - Hui, Rita AU - Spence, Michele AU - Cheetham, Craig AU - Levy, Gerald AU - Shoor, Stanford AU - Ray, Wayne A AD - Office of Drug Safety, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, USA. GRAHAMD@cder.fda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 475 EP - 481 VL - 365 IS - 9458 KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal KW - 0 KW - Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors KW - Lactones KW - Pyrazoles KW - Sulfonamides KW - Sulfones KW - rofecoxib KW - 0QTW8Z7MCR KW - Naproxen KW - 57Y76R9ATQ KW - Celecoxib KW - JCX84Q7J1L KW - Ibuprofen KW - WK2XYI10QM KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Odds Ratio KW - Humans KW - Ibuprofen -- adverse effects KW - Pyrazoles -- adverse effects KW - Aged KW - Naproxen -- adverse effects KW - Lactones -- adverse effects KW - Sulfones -- adverse effects KW - Sulfonamides -- adverse effects KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Myocardial Infarction -- chemically induced KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- adverse effects KW - Death, Sudden, Cardiac -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67425349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lancet+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Risk+of+acute+myocardial+infarction+and+sudden+cardiac+death+in+patients+treated+with+cyclo-oxygenase+2+selective+and+non-selective+non-steroidal+anti-inflammatory+drugs%3A+nested+case-control+study.&rft.au=Graham%2C+David+J%3BCampen%2C+David%3BHui%2C+Rita%3BSpence%2C+Michele%3BCheetham%2C+Craig%3BLevy%2C+Gerald%3BShoor%2C+Stanford%3BRay%2C+Wayne+A&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=365&rft.issue=9458&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lancet+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=1474-547X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Lancet. 2005 Apr 30-May 6;365(9470):1538 [15866301] Lancet. 2005 Apr 30-May 6;365(9470):1538-9 [15866300] Lancet. 2005 Apr 30-May 6;365(9470):1537-8 [15866298] Lancet. 2005 Apr 30-May 6;365(9470):1537 [15866299] Lancet. 2005 Feb 5-11;365(9458):449-51 [15705439] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adverse events after inactivated influenza vaccination among children less than 2 years of age: analysis of reports from the vaccine adverse event reporting system, 1990-2003. AN - 67397794; 15687455 AB - In April 2002, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) encouraged providers to vaccinate healthy 6- to 23-month-old infants and children with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV). To describe adverse events (AEs) reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) after TIV vaccination among children <2 years of age and to compare reports before the ACIP guideline (January 1990 to June 2002) and after the ACIP guideline (July 2002 to June 2003). VAERS is a passive vaccine safety surveillance system begun by the Food and Drug Administration and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1990. We reviewed reports to VAERS for children <2 years of age who received TIV, alone or in combination with other vaccines. Influenza seasons were defined as the period from July 1 of one year to June 30 of the following year. Between 1990 and 2003, VAERS received 166 TIV reports for children or =1 other vaccine. Approximately one third of reports (N = 61) were in the post-ACIP guideline period. The 4 most frequent AE coding terms were fever (N = 59, 35%), unspecified or urticarial rash (42, 25%), seizure (28, 17%), and injection site reaction (28, 17%). The median number of days from vaccination to symptom onset, the percentage of reports that represented serious AEs, and the gender distribution were similar in the pre-ACIP guideline and post-ACIP guideline periods. The percentage of reports describing an underlying medical condition for the subject decreased from 58% before the ACIP guideline to 37% after the ACIP guideline. Nineteen of 28 seizure reports (68%) described fever with the seizure within 2 days after vaccination. Seizure was the most frequent coding term (N = 10, 7 with fever) among 23 serious reports. The annual number of TIV-related VAERS reports for children <2 years of age increased in the post-ACIP guideline period, probably at least in part because of an increase in the number of vaccinees after the ACIP announcement. The safety profiles in the pre-ACIP guideline and post-ACIP guideline periods were similar. In October 2003, the ACIP recommended that all healthy children 6 to 23 months of age be vaccinated with TIV, starting in the 2004-2005 influenza season. This study provides generally reassuring, although limited, data regarding the safety of TIV among children in this age range. Continued surveillance for seizures and other clinically significant AEs is warranted and will continue. JF - Pediatrics AU - McMahon, Ann W AU - Iskander, John AU - Haber, Penina AU - Chang, Soju AU - Woo, E Jane AU - Braun, M Miles AU - Ball, Robert AD - Division of Epidemiology, Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. mcmahon@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 453 EP - 460 VL - 115 IS - 2 KW - Influenza Vaccines KW - 0 KW - Vaccines KW - Vaccines, Inactivated KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Vaccines -- adverse effects KW - United States KW - Infant KW - Fever -- etiology KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems KW - Humans KW - Seizures -- etiology KW - Practice Guidelines as Topic KW - Vaccines, Inactivated -- adverse effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Influenza Vaccines -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67397794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pediatrics&rft.atitle=Adverse+events+after+inactivated+influenza+vaccination+among+children+less+than+2+years+of+age%3A+analysis+of+reports+from+the+vaccine+adverse+event+reporting+system%2C+1990-2003.&rft.au=McMahon%2C+Ann+W%3BIskander%2C+John%3BHaber%2C+Penina%3BChang%2C+Soju%3BWoo%2C+E+Jane%3BBraun%2C+M+Miles%3BBall%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=McMahon&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pediatrics&rft.issn=1098-4275&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Central amygdala ERK signaling pathway is critical to incubation of cocaine craving. AN - 67391475; 15657599 AB - Using a rat model of craving and relapse, we have previously found time-dependent increases in cue-induced cocaine seeking over the first months of withdrawal from cocaine, suggesting that drug craving incubates over time. Here, we explored the role of the amygdala extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway in this incubation. Cocaine seeking induced by exposure to cocaine cues was substantially higher after 30 withdrawal days than after 1 withdrawal day. Exposure to these cues increased ERK phosphorylation in the central, but not the basolateral, amygdala after 30 d, but not 1 d, of withdrawal. After 30 d of withdrawal from cocaine, inhibition of central, but not basolateral, amygdala ERK phosphorylation decreased cocaine seeking. After 1 d of withdrawal, stimulation of central amygdala ERK phosphorylation increased cocaine seeking. Results suggest that the incubation of cocaine craving is mediated by time-dependent increases in the responsiveness of the central amygdala ERK pathway to cocaine cues. JF - Nature neuroscience AU - Lu, Lin AU - Hope, Bruce T AU - Dempsey, Jack AU - Liu, Shirley Y AU - Bossert, Jennifer M AU - Shaham, Yavin AD - Behavioral Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program/National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 212 EP - 219 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1097-6256, 1097-6256 KW - Anesthetics, Local KW - 0 KW - Butadienes KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists KW - Nitriles KW - U 0126 KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.24 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Conditioning, Operant -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Food KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Blotting, Western -- methods KW - Behavior, Animal KW - Rats KW - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome -- etiology KW - Injections, Intravenous -- methods KW - Cues KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Extinction, Psychological -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Nitriles -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Reinforcement (Psychology) KW - Cocaine -- toxicity KW - Behavior, Addictive -- metabolism KW - Phosphorylation -- drug effects KW - Self Administration KW - Butadienes -- pharmacology KW - N-Methylaspartate -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Signal Transduction -- physiology KW - Amygdala -- metabolism KW - Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases -- metabolism KW - Amygdala -- drug effects KW - Cocaine-Related Disorders -- metabolism KW - Cocaine-Related Disorders -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67391475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+neuroscience&rft.atitle=Central+amygdala+ERK+signaling+pathway+is+critical+to+incubation+of+cocaine+craving.&rft.au=Lu%2C+Lin%3BHope%2C+Bruce+T%3BDempsey%2C+Jack%3BLiu%2C+Shirley+Y%3BBossert%2C+Jennifer+M%3BShaham%2C+Yavin&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Lin&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=212&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+neuroscience&rft.issn=10976256&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-25 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-medication of mental health problems: new evidence from a national survey. AN - 67368419; 15663705 AB - To evaluate the association between past 30-day use of alcohol, marijuana, and other illicit drugs and past year unmet need for and use of mental health care. A subsample of 18,849 respondents from the 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse and the 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Subjects were between the ages of 18 and 65 years and had least one past year mental disorder symptom and no past year substance dependency. Logistic regressions of past 30-day substance use on past 12-month unmet need for mental health care and past 12-month use of mental health services controlling for clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. Predicted probabilities and corresponding standard errors are reported. Use of illicit drugs other than marijuana increased with unmet need for mental health care (4.4 versus 3.2 percent, p=.046) but was not reduced with mental health-care use. Heavy alcohol use was not associated with increased unmet need for mental health care, but was higher among individuals with no mental health care use (4.4 percent versus 2.7 percent, p<.001). By contrast, marijuana use did not appear associated with either unmet need or mental health care use. Substance use varies with past year unmet need for mental health care and mental health care use in ways consistent with the self-medication hypothesis. Results suggest that timely screening and treatment of mental health problems may prevent the development of substance-use disorders among those with mental disorders. Further research should identify subgroups of individuals for whom timely and appropriate mental health treatment would prevent the development of substance-use disorders. JF - Health services research AU - Harris, Katherine M AU - Edlund, Mark J AD - Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD 20856, USA. Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 117 EP - 134 VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9124, 0017-9124 KW - Index Medicus KW - Marijuana Abuse -- complications KW - Humans KW - Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry) KW - Needs Assessment -- statistics & numerical data KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Alcoholism -- epidemiology KW - Logistic Models KW - Patient Acceptance of Health Care -- statistics & numerical data KW - Adult KW - Health Surveys KW - Marijuana Abuse -- epidemiology KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Alcoholism -- complications KW - Female KW - Male KW - Self Medication -- adverse effects KW - Mental Disorders -- therapy KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- classification KW - Mental Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Mental Health Services -- utilization KW - Mental Disorders -- complications KW - Health Services Accessibility KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- prevention & control KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67368419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+services+research&rft.atitle=Self-medication+of+mental+health+problems%3A+new+evidence+from+a+national+survey.&rft.au=Harris%2C+Katherine+M%3BEdlund%2C+Mark+J&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+services+research&rft.issn=00179124&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996 Nov;53(11):1022-31 [8911225] JAMA. 1999 Aug 18;282(7):651-6 [10517718] Am J Psychiatry. 2000 May;157(5):751-8 [10784468] Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Nov;157(11):1851-7 [11058485] Ann Intern Med. 2001 Aug 21;135(4):262-8 [11511141] Ann Intern Med. 2001 Sep 4;135(5):344-51 [11529698] Am J Psychiatry. 2001 Dec;158(12):2027-32 [11729020] Health Serv Res. 2001 Dec;36(6 Pt 1):987-1007 [11775672] Health Serv Res. 2002 Aug;37(4):1055-66 [12236383] JAMA. 1990 Nov 21;264(19):2511-8 [2232018] J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1992 Fall;4(4):369-85 [1422165] Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994 Jan;51(1):8-19 [8279933] Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1996 Jan;66(1):17-31 [8720638] Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003 Feb;60(2):184-9 [12578436] JAMA. 2003 May 14;289(18):2370-8 [12746360] Am J Psychiatry. 1997 Jul;154(7):948-57 [9210745] Harv Rev Psychiatry. 1997 Jan-Feb;4(5):231-44 [9385000] Harv Rev Psychiatry. 1997 Jan-Feb;4(5):287-9 [9385006] Am J Psychiatry. 1998 Feb;155(2):184-91 [9464196] Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998 Oct;55(10):913-7 [9783562] Addict Behav. 1998 Nov-Dec;23(6):933-46 [9801727] Clin Psychol Rev. 2000 Mar;20(2):191-206 [10721497] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatotoxicity of androstenedione in pregnant rats. AN - 67348816; 15621347 AB - Androstenedione, a naturally occurring steroid hormone, is a dietary supplement used to enhance athletic performance. Little is known, however, about the safety of its use by young adults including women of child bearing age. To test the possible hepatotoxic effects of androstenedione use, this study was undertaken using a rat model. Pregnant rats (six rats/dose) were exposed to androstenedione in corn oil by gastric intubation at 0, 5, 30 or 60 mg/kg body weight/day beginning 2 weeks before mating and continuing through gestation day 19. On gestation day 20, blood and livers were collected from the pregnant rats for analysis of hepatotoxicity endpoints: serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), total microsomal P450, nuclear DNA damage and lipid peroxidation. Under these experimental conditions, no significant differences were observed in any of these biomarkers over the concentration range examined. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Sahu, Saura C AU - Sapienza, Philip P AU - Sprando, Robert L AU - Collins, Thomas F X AU - Ross, Ivan A AU - Flynn, Thomas J AU - Wiesenfeld, Paddy L AU - O'Donnell, Michael W AU - Kim, Chung S AD - Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, MOD-1 Laboratories, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA. ssahu@cfsan.rda.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 341 EP - 344 VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Androstenedione KW - 409J2J96VR KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.27 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases KW - EC 2.6.1.1 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Alanine Transaminase -- metabolism KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - Safety KW - Glutathione Transferase -- metabolism KW - Lipid Peroxidation -- drug effects KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Pregnancy KW - DNA Damage -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases -- metabolism KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Dietary Supplements KW - Female KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase -- metabolism KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Androstenedione -- toxicity KW - Liver -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67348816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Hepatotoxicity+of+androstenedione+in+pregnant+rats.&rft.au=Sahu%2C+Saura+C%3BSapienza%2C+Philip+P%3BSprando%2C+Robert+L%3BCollins%2C+Thomas+F+X%3BRoss%2C+Ivan+A%3BFlynn%2C+Thomas+J%3BWiesenfeld%2C+Paddy+L%3BO%27Donnell%2C+Michael+W%3BKim%2C+Chung+S&rft.aulast=Sahu&rft.aufirst=Saura&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-03 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Truncated N-terminal mutants of SV40 large T antigen as minimal immortalizing agents for CNS cells. AN - 67336115; 15629761 AB - Immortalized central nervous system (CNS) cell lines are useful as in vitro models for innumerable purposes such as elucidating biochemical pathways, studies of effects of drugs, and ultimately, such cells may also be useful for neural transplantation. The SV40 large T (LT) oncoprotein, commonly used for immortalization, interacts with several cell cycle regulatory factors, including binding and inactivating p53 and retinoblastoma family cell-cycle regulators. In an attempt to define the minimal requirements of SV40 T antigen for immortalizing cells of CNS origin, we constructed T155c, encoding the N-terminal 155 amino acids of LT. The p53 binding region is known to reside in the C-terminal region of LT. An additional series of mutants was produced to further narrow the molecular targets for immortalization, and plasmid vectors were constructed for each. In a p53 temperature sensitive cell line model, T64-7B, expression of T155c and all constructs having mutations outside of the first 82 amino acids were capable of overriding cell-cycle block at the non-permissive growth temperature. Several cell lines were produced from fetal rat mesencephalic and cerebral cortical cultures using the T155c construct. The E107K construct contained a mutation in the Rb binding region, but was nonetheless capable of overcoming cell cycle block in T64-7B cell and immortalizing primary cultured cells. Cells immortalized with T155c were often highly dependent on the presence of bFGF for growth. Telomerase activity, telomere length, growth rates, and integrity of the p53 gene in cells immortalized with T155c did not change over 100 population doublings in culture, indicating that cells immortalized with T155c were generally stable during long periods of continuous culture. JF - Experimental neurology AU - Freed, William J AU - Zhang, Peisu AU - Sanchez, Joseph F AU - Dillon-Carter, Ora AU - Coggiano, Mark AU - Errico, Stacie L AU - Lewis, Brian D AU - Truckenmiller, Mary Ellen AD - Cellular Neurobiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. wfreed@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - S45 EP - S59 VL - 191 Suppl 1 SN - 0014-4886, 0014-4886 KW - Antigens, Viral, Tumor KW - 0 KW - Peptide Fragments KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 KW - 103107-01-3 KW - Telomerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Index Medicus KW - Clone Cells KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Temperature KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Fibroblasts -- cytology KW - Fibroblasts -- metabolism KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Telomere -- metabolism KW - Telomere -- chemistry KW - Transfection KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- genetics KW - Cell Cycle -- genetics KW - Telomerase -- metabolism KW - Mesencephalon -- metabolism KW - Peptide Fragments -- biosynthesis KW - Cerebral Cortex -- cytology KW - Peptide Fragments -- genetics KW - Cerebral Cortex -- metabolism KW - Cerebral Cortex -- embryology KW - Antigens, Viral, Tumor -- genetics KW - Simian virus 40 -- genetics KW - Cell Transformation, Viral -- genetics KW - Mesencephalon -- embryology KW - Mesencephalon -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67336115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+neurology&rft.atitle=Truncated+N-terminal+mutants+of+SV40+large+T+antigen+as+minimal+immortalizing+agents+for+CNS+cells.&rft.au=Freed%2C+William+J%3BZhang%2C+Peisu%3BSanchez%2C+Joseph+F%3BDillon-Carter%2C+Ora%3BCoggiano%2C+Mark%3BErrico%2C+Stacie+L%3BLewis%2C+Brian+D%3BTruckenmiller%2C+Mary+Ellen&rft.aulast=Freed&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=191+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+neurology&rft.issn=00144886&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-29 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cell Transplant. 2000 Mar-Apr;9(2):153-68 [10811390] Cell. 2000 Aug 18;102(4):407-10 [10966103] Prog Brain Res. 2000;127:49-65 [11142044] EMBO J. 2001 Jan 15;20(1-2):295-304 [11226179] Oncogene. 1994 Mar;9(3):719-25 [8108114] J Virol. 1994 Oct;68(10):6180-7 [8083958] Crit Rev Oncog. 1994;5(4):331-57 [7711112] EMBO J. 1995 Sep 1;14(17):4240-8 [7556065] Oncogene. 1995 Dec 7;11(11):2295-302 [8570180] J Virol. 1996 May;70(5):2781-8 [8627752] J Comp Neurol. 1995 Nov 27;362(4):524-34 [8636465] Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Jul;16(7):3454-64 [8668161] Cell Transplant. 1996 Sep-Oct;5(5):563-75 [8889215] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 12;93(23):12861-6 [8917510] Mol Cell Biol. 1997 Aug;17(8):4761-73 [9234732] Eur J Cancer. 1997 Apr;33(5):703-9 [9282108] Eur J Cancer. 1997 Apr;33(5):716-26 [9282110] Eur J Cancer. 1997 Apr;33(5):735-49 [9282112] Eur J Cancer. 1997 Apr;33(5):792-800 [9282119] Cell. 1997 Nov 28;91(5):649-59 [9393858] Cell Tissue Res. 1998 Feb;291(2):175-89 [9426306] Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Mar;18(3):1408-15 [9488456] Cell. 1998 Mar 20;92(6):713-23 [9529248] J Virol. 1998 Jul;72(7):5329-34 [9620985] Trends Biochem Sci. 1998 Jun;23(6):222-7 [9644977] Genes Dev. 1998 Aug 1;12(15):2424-33 [9694806] J Virol. 1999 Apr;73(4):3102-7 [10074161] Mol Carcinog. 1999 Mar;24(3):209-17 [10204805] Exp Cell Res. 1999 Aug 25;251(1):121-7 [10438577] Biologicals. 1999 Mar;27(1):23-8 [10441399] Virology. 1988 Jan;162(1):76-89 [2827389] Cell. 1988 Jul 15;54(2):275-83 [2839300] J Cell Biol. 1988 Nov;107(5):1977-86 [3053737] Cancer Res. 1994 Jul 15;54(14):3864-7 [8033108] Exp Neurol. 1994 Jun;127(2):207-18 [7518394] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jul 19;91(15):6914-8 [8041720] Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Sep;14(9):6244-52 [8065356] Exp Neurol. 1994 Aug;128(2):191-201 [8076662] Oncogene. 2001 May 10;20(21):2671-82 [11420679] Exp Neurol. 2002 Jun;175(2):318-37 [12061863] Exp Neurol. 2002 Jun;175(2):370-87 [12061867] Cell Transplant. 2002;11(3):251-9 [12075990] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 10;99(25):16226-31 [12446840] Ann Med Exp Biol Fenn. 1966;44(2):242-54 [4290661] J Virol. 1975 Mar;15(3):599-612 [163374] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 May;75(5):2165-9 [209456] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 May;75(5):2473-7 [209467] Nature. 1979 Mar 15;278(5701):261-3 [218111] Cell. 1979 May;17(1):43-52 [222475] Cell. 1982 Feb;28(2):387-94 [6277513] Cell. 1982 Sep;30(2):469-80 [6291770] Cell. 1985 Dec;43(2 Pt 1):405-13 [3907856] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Apr;6(4):1172-8 [3023875] Cell. 1987 Jan 30;48(2):321-30 [3026642] J Virol. 1990 Jun;64(6):2895-900 [2159550] Cell. 1990 Aug 24;62(4):671-80 [2143698] Virology. 1990 Sep;178(1):15-34 [2167547] Genes Dev. 1991 Feb;5(2):151-9 [1995413] Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Apr;11(4):1988-95 [1706474] Cell. 1991 Aug 23;66(4):713-29 [1878969] J Virol. 1992 Mar;66(3):1289-93 [1310750] J Mol Biol. 1992 Jun 20;225(4):951-60 [1613801] Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Feb 11;21(3):713-7 [8441680] J Virol. 1993 Apr;67(4):1817-29 [8383212] J Virol. 1994 Mar;68(3):1334-41 [8107198] Annu Rev Neurosci. 1989;12:47-65 [2648957] Cell. 1990 Jan 12;60(1):167-76 [2153055] J Virol. 2000 Jan;74(2):864-74 [10623749] Nat Cell Biol. 2000 Apr;2(4):E65-7 [10783254] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maternal serum level of the DDT metabolite DDE in relation to fetal loss in previous pregnancies. AN - 67254307; 15533328 AB - Use of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) continues in about 25 countries. This use has been justified partly by the belief that it has no adverse consequences on human health. Evidence has been increasing, however, for adverse reproductive effects of DDT, but additional data are needed. Pregnant women who enrolled in the Collaborative Perinatal Project (United States, 1959-1965) were asked about their previous pregnancy history; blood samples were drawn and the serum frozen. In 1997-1999, the sera of 1717 of these women who had previous pregnancies were analyzed for 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE), the major breakdown product of DDT. The odds of previous fetal loss was examined in relation to DDE level in logistic regression models. Compared with women whose DDE level was <15 microg/L, the adjusted odds ratios of fetal loss according to category of DDE were as follows: 15-29 microg/L, 1.1; 30-44 microg/L, 1.4; 45-59 microg/L, 1.6; and 60+ microg/L, 1.2. The adjusted odds ratio per 60 microg/L increase was 1.4 (95% confidence interval 1.1-1.6). The results were consistent with an adverse effect of DDE on fetal loss, but were inconclusive owing to the possibility that previous pregnancies ending in fetal loss decreased serum DDE levels less than did those carried to term. JF - Environmental research AU - Longnecker, Matthew P AU - Klebanoff, Mark A AU - Dunson, David B AU - Guo, Xuguang AU - Chen, Zhen AU - Zhou, Haibo AU - Brock, John W AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, P.O. Box 12233 MD A3-05, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA. longecker@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 127 EP - 133 VL - 97 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene KW - 4M7FS82U08 KW - Index Medicus KW - Odds Ratio KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Cryptorchidism -- epidemiology KW - Cryptorchidism -- etiology KW - Pregnancy KW - Hypospadias -- blood KW - Prospective Studies KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Hypospadias -- etiology KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Cryptorchidism -- blood KW - Female KW - Hypospadias -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Abortion, Spontaneous -- etiology KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- adverse effects KW - Abortion, Spontaneous -- epidemiology KW - Abortion, Spontaneous -- blood KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- blood KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Insecticides -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67254307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+research&rft.atitle=Maternal+serum+level+of+the+DDT+metabolite+DDE+in+relation+to+fetal+loss+in+previous+pregnancies.&rft.au=Longnecker%2C+Matthew+P%3BKlebanoff%2C+Mark+A%3BDunson%2C+David+B%3BGuo%2C+Xuguang%3BChen%2C+Zhen%3BZhou%2C+Haibo%3BBrock%2C+John+W&rft.aulast=Longnecker&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-21 N1 - Date created - 2004-11-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A three-dimensional nanofibrous scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering using human mesenchymal stem cells. AN - 67250732; 15282138 AB - The utilization of adult stem cells in tissue engineering is a promising solution to the problem of tissue or organ shortage. Adult bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are undifferentiated, multipotential cells which are capable of giving rise to chondrocytes when maintained in a three-dimensional culture and treated with members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family of growth factors. In this study, we fabricated a nanofibrous scaffold (NFS) made of a synthetic biodegradable polymer, poly(-caprolactone) (PCL), and examined its ability to support in vitro chondrogenesis of MSCs. The electrospun PCL porous scaffold was constructed of uniform, randomly oriented nanofibers with a diameter of 700 nm, and structural integrity of this scaffold was maintained over a 21-day culture period. MSCs cultured in NFSs in the presence of TGF-beta1 differentiated to a chondrocytic phenotype, as evidenced by chondrocyte-specific gene expression and synthesis of cartilage-associated extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. The level of chondrogenesis observed in MSCs seeded within NFSs was comparable to that observed for MSCs maintained as cell aggregates or pellets, a widely used culture protocol for studying chondrogenesis of MSCs in vitro. Due to the physical nature and improved mechanical properties of NFSs, particularly in comparison to cell pellets, the findings reported here suggest that the PCL NFS is a practical carrier for MSC transplantation, and represents a candidate scaffold for cell-based tissue engineering approaches to cartilage repair. JF - Biomaterials AU - Li, W-J Wan-Ju AU - Tuli, Richard AU - Okafor, Chukwuka AU - Derfoul, Assia AU - Danielson, K G Keith G AU - Hall, D J David J AU - Tuan, R S Rocky S AD - Department of Health and Human Services, Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis, and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 599 EP - 609 VL - 26 IS - 6 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Extracellular Matrix Proteins KW - 0 KW - Glycosaminoglycans KW - RNA, Messenger KW - TGFB1 protein, human KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta1 KW - A73025 KW - 64082-61-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bone Marrow Cells -- drug effects KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- pharmacology KW - Glycosaminoglycans -- biosynthesis KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Extracellular Matrix Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Aged KW - Cells, Cultured -- cytology KW - Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Extracellular Matrix Proteins -- genetics KW - Middle Aged KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Bone Marrow Cells -- cytology KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Cell Culture Techniques -- instrumentation KW - Mesenchymal Stromal Cells -- drug effects KW - Chondrocytes -- drug effects KW - Tissue Engineering -- instrumentation KW - Chondrocytes -- cytology KW - Cartilage -- cytology KW - Nanostructures KW - Mesenchymal Stromal Cells -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67250732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=A+three-dimensional+nanofibrous+scaffold+for+cartilage+tissue+engineering+using+human+mesenchymal+stem+cells.&rft.au=Li%2C+W-J+Wan-Ju%3BTuli%2C+Richard%3BOkafor%2C+Chukwuka%3BDerfoul%2C+Assia%3BDanielson%2C+K+G+Keith+G%3BHall%2C+D+J+David+J%3BTuan%2C+R+S+Rocky+S&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=W-J&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-01 N1 - Date created - 2004-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Regulatory Perspective on Choice of Margin and Statistical Inference Issue in Non-inferiority Trials AN - 21138675; 11157926 AB - Without a placebo arm, any non-inferiority inference involving assessment of the placebo effect under the active control trial setting is difficult. The statistical risk for falsely concluding non-inferiority cannot be evaluated unless the constancy assumption approximately holds that the effect of the active control under the historical trial setting where the control effect can be assessed carries to the non-inferiority trial setting. The constancy assumption cannot be checked because of missing the placebo arm in the non-inferiority trial. Depending on how serious the violation of the assumption is thought to be, one may need to seek an alternative design strategy that includes a cushion for a very conservative non-inferiority analysis or shows superiority of the experimental treatment over the control. Determination of the non-inferiority margin depends on what objective the non-inferiority analysis is intended to achieve. The margin can be a fixed margin or a margin functionally defined. Between-trial differences always exist and need to be properly considered. JF - Biometrical Journal AU - Hung, H M James AU - Wang, Sue-Jane AU - O'Neill, Robert AD - Division of Biometrics I, Office of Biostatistics, OPaSS, CDER, FDA, HFD-710, Room 5062, WOC2, 1451 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, USA, hung@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 28 EP - 36 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0323-3847, 0323-3847 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Statistics KW - Placebos KW - Biometrics KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21138675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biometrical+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Regulatory+Perspective+on+Choice+of+Margin+and+Statistical+Inference+Issue+in+Non-inferiority+Trials&rft.au=Hung%2C+H+M+James%3BWang%2C+Sue-Jane%3BO%27Neill%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Hung&rft.aufirst=H+M&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biometrical+Journal&rft.issn=03233847&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbimj.200410084 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Statistics; Biometrics; Placebos DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bimj.200410084 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing Superiority and Non-Inferiority Hypotheses in Active Controlled Clinical Trials AN - 21125400; 11157929 AB - Switching between testing for superiority and non-inferiority has been an important statistical issue in the design and analysis of active controlled clinical trial. In practice, it is often conducted with a two-stage testing procedure. It has been assumed that there is no type I error rate adjustment required when either switching to test for non-inferiority once the data fail to support the superiority claim or switching to test for superiority once the null hypothesis of non-inferiority is rejected with a pre-specified non-inferiority margin in a generalized historical control approach. However, when using a cross-trial comparison approach for non-inferiority testing, controlling the type I error rate sometimes becomes an issue with the conventional two-stage procedure. We propose to adopt a single-stage simultaneous testing concept as proposed by Ng (2003) to test both non-inferiority and superiority hypotheses simultaneously. The proposed procedure is based on Fieller's confidence interval procedure as proposed by Hauschke et al. (1999). JF - Biometrical Journal AU - Tsong, Yi AU - Zhang, Juan (Joanne) AD - Quantitative Methods Research Staff, Office of Biostatistics, OPaSS, CDER, U.S. FDA, Tsong@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 62 EP - 74 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0323-3847, 0323-3847 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Statistics KW - Biometrics KW - Clinical trials KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21125400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Information+Technology+%26+People&rft.atitle=ICT+and+environmental+sustainability+in+a+changing+society%3A+The+view+of+ecological+World+Systems+Theory&rft.au=Lennerfors%2C+Thomas+Taro%3BFors%2C+Per%3Bvan+Rooijen%2C+Jolanda&rft.aulast=Lennerfors&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=758&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Information+Technology+%26+People&rft.issn=09593845&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Statistics; Clinical trials; Biometrics; Data processing DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bimj.200410089 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Tribute to Joachim Rohmel upon his retirement from the Federal Institute of Drugs AN - 21098895; 11132731 AB - Abstract not available. JF - Biometrical Journal AU - O'Neill, Robert T AD - Director Office of Biostatistics, FDA/Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, 5600 Fishers Lane, HFD-240, Rockville, MD 20857, USA, ONeill@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 10 EP - 11 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0323-3847, 0323-3847 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Drugs KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21098895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biometrical+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Tribute+to+Joachim+Rohmel+upon+his+retirement+from+the+Federal+Institute+of+Drugs&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+Robert+T&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biometrical+Journal&rft.issn=03233847&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbimj.200410091 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drugs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bimj.200410091 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - BRIEF REPORTS: Suboptimal Prescribing in Elderly Outpatients: Potentially Harmful Drug-Drug and Drug-Disease Combinations AN - 20197356; 6238226 AB - Objectives: To assess the prevalence and correlates of potentially harmful drug-drug combinations and drug-disease combinations prescribed for elderly patients at outpatient settings. Design: Retrospective analysis of the 1995-2000 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS). Setting: Physician offices and hospital outpatient departments. Participants: Outpatient visits by patients aged 65 and older in the NAMCS and NHAMCS (n=70,203). Measurements: Incidences of six drug-drug combinations and 50 drug-disease combinations that can place elderly patients at risk for adverse events according to expert consensus panels. Results: Overall, 0.74% (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.65-0.83) of visits with two or more prescriptions had at least one inappropriate drug-drug combination, and 2.58% (95% CI=2.44-2.72) of visits with at least one prescription had one or more inappropriate drug-disease combinations. Of visits with a prescription of warfarin, 6.60% (95% CI=5.46-7.74) were prescribed a drug with potentially harmful interaction. Of patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy, 4.06% (95% CI=3.06-5.06) had at least one of six drugs that should be avoided. The number of drugs prescribed is most predictive of inappropriate drug-drug and drug-disease combinations. Conclusion: Potentially harmful drug-drug and drug-disease combinations occur in various degrees in outpatient care in the elderly population. Targeting combinations such as those involving warfarin that are high in prevalence and potential harm offers a practical approach to improving prescribing and patient safety. JF - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society AU - Zhan, Chunliu AU - Correa-de-Araujo, Rosaly AU - Bierman, Arlene S AU - Sangl, Judy AU - Miller, Marlene R AU - Wickizer, Stephen W AU - Stryer, Daniel AD - Chunliu Zhan, MD, PhD, Center for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 540 Gaither Road, Rockville, MD 20850, czhan@ahrq.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 262 EP - 267 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 53 IS - 2 SN - 0002-8614, 0002-8614 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Hypertrophy KW - Geriatrics KW - Warfarin KW - Drugs KW - Hospitals KW - Benign KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20197356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Geriatrics+Society&rft.atitle=BRIEF+REPORTS%3A+Suboptimal+Prescribing+in+Elderly+Outpatients%3A+Potentially+Harmful+Drug-Drug+and+Drug-Disease+Combinations&rft.au=Zhan%2C+Chunliu%3BCorrea-de-Araujo%2C+Rosaly%3BBierman%2C+Arlene+S%3BSangl%2C+Judy%3BMiller%2C+Marlene+R%3BWickizer%2C+Stephen+W%3BStryer%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Zhan&rft.aufirst=Chunliu&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Geriatrics+Society&rft.issn=00028614&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1532-5415.2005.53112.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Tables, 3; references, 31. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hypertrophy; Geriatrics; Warfarin; Drugs; Benign; Hospitals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53112.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Blood mercury level and blood pressure among US women: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000 AN - 19934735; 6158595 AB - Exposure to mercury has been linked to elevations in blood pressure (BP), though few data are available. We examined the cross-sectional relationship between blood mercury concentration and BP in a representative US sample of 1240 women, aged 16-49 years, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000. We found no association overall between mercury and BP in multivariate models. We stratified our data by dietary fish intake (presumably reflecting the consumption of long-chain n-3 fatty acids that may reduce BP) resulting in 759 fish consumers and 481 non-fish consumers. We found that for each 1.3 mu g/L (interquartile distance) increase in mercury, systolic BP significantly increased by 1.83mm Hg (95% CI: 0.36, 3.30) among non-fish consumers. A similar pattern was seen for diastolic BP, although it was non-significant. While an adverse effect of mercury exposure at background levels on BP was not present overall, an adverse association was present among non-fish-consuming young and middle-aged women. JF - Environmental Research AU - Vupputuri, S AU - Longnecker, M P AU - Daniels, J L AU - Guo, X AU - Sandler, D P AD - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA, suma@email.unc.edu Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 195 EP - 200 VL - 97 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Human Population KW - Diets KW - Heavy metals KW - Health KW - Nutrition KW - Blood pressure KW - Blood levels KW - USA KW - Exposure KW - Background levels KW - Fatty acids KW - Mercury KW - Consumers KW - Seafood KW - Females KW - Side effects KW - Mercury levels KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M1 125:Population Health-Environment Relations KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19934735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Blood+mercury+level+and+blood+pressure+among+US+women%3A+results+from+the+National+Health+and+Nutrition+Examination+Survey+1999-2000&rft.au=Vupputuri%2C+S%3BLongnecker%2C+M+P%3BDaniels%2C+J+L%3BGuo%2C+X%3BSandler%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Vupputuri&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envres.2004.05.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Exposure; Background levels; Fatty acids; Mercury; Health; Consumers; Females; Nutrition; Mercury levels; Side effects; Blood pressure; Blood levels; Diets; Heavy metals; Seafood; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2004.05.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Linear Model for Managing the Risk of Antimicrobial Resistance Originating in Food Animals AN - 19520118; 6606324 AB - A linear population risk model used by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) estimates the risk of human cases of campylobacteriosis caused by fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter. Among the cases of campylobacteriosis attributed to domestically produced chicken, the fluoroquinolone resistance is assumed to result from the use of fluoroquinolones in poultry in the United States. Properties of the linear population risk model are contrasted with those of a farm-to-fork model commonly used for microbial risk assessments. The utility of the linear population model for the purpose for which it was used by CVM is discussed. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Bartholomew, Mary J AU - Vose, David J AU - Tollefson, Linda R AU - Travis, Curtis C AD - FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine, 7500 Standish Place, Rockville, MD 20855, USA, mbarthol@cvm.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 99 EP - 108 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd., Osney Mead Oxford OX2 0EL UK, [mailto:journals.cs@blacksci.co.uk], [URL:http://www.blacksci.co.uk] VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Animals KW - Poultry KW - poultry KW - Fluoroquinolones KW - Drug resistance KW - Campylobacter KW - Campylobacteriosis KW - Food contamination KW - Models KW - USA KW - Veterinary medicine KW - drug resistance KW - FDA KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19520118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=A+Linear+Model+for+Managing+the+Risk+of+Antimicrobial+Resistance+Originating+in+Food+Animals&rft.au=Bartholomew%2C+Mary+J%3BVose%2C+David+J%3BTollefson%2C+Linda+R%3BTravis%2C+Curtis+C&rft.aulast=Bartholomew&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.0272-4332.2005.00570.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 4; formulas, 7; references, 52. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Poultry; Veterinary medicine; Fluoroquinolones; Drug resistance; Campylobacteriosis; Models; Animals; poultry; FDA; drug resistance; Food contamination; Campylobacter; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0272-4332.2005.00570.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A prediction rule for selective screening of Chlamydia trachomatis infection AN - 19288640; 6176569 AB - BACKGROUND: Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis infections is aimed at the reduction of these infections and subsequent complications. Selective screening may increase the cost effectiveness of a screening programme. Few population based systematic screening programmes have been carried out and attempts to validate selective screening criteria have shown poor performance. This study describes the development of a prediction rule for estimating the risk of chlamydial infection as a basis for selective screening. METHODS: A population based chlamydia screening study was performed in the Netherlands by inviting 21 000 15-29 year old women and men in urban and rural areas for home based urine testing. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for chlamydial infection among 6303 sexually active participants, and the discriminative ability was measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Internal validity was assessed with bootstrap resampling techniques. RESULTS: The prevalence of C trachomatis (CT) infection was 2.6% (95% CI 2.2 to 3.2) in women and 2.0% (95% CI 1.4 to 2.7) in men. Chlamydial infection was associated with high level of urbanisation, young age, Surinam/Antillian ethnicity, low/intermediate education, multiple lifetime partners, a new contact in the previous two months, no condom use at last sexual contact, and complaints of (post)coital bleeding in women and frequent urination in men. A prediction model with these risk factors showed adequate discriminative ability at internal validation (AUC 0.78). CONCLUSION: The prediction rule has the potential to guide individuals in their choice of participation when offered chlamydia screening and is a promising tool for selective CT screening at population level. JF - Sexually Transmitted Infections AU - Goetz, H M AU - van bergen, J E A M AU - Veldhuijzen, I K AU - Broer, J AU - Hoebe, C J P A AU - Richardus, J H AD - Municipal Public Health Service Rotterdam, The Netherlands Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 24 EP - 30 PB - British Medical Association, BMA House Square Tavistock Square London WC1H 9JP UK, [mailto:info.web@bma.org.uk], [URL:http://www.bma.org.uk/] VL - 81 IS - 1 SN - 1368-4973, 1368-4973 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Condoms KW - Age KW - Urination KW - Urine KW - Risk factors KW - Bleeding KW - Chlamydia trachomatis KW - Population levels KW - Infection KW - Ethnic groups KW - Models KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19288640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sexually+Transmitted+Infections&rft.atitle=A+prediction+rule+for+selective+screening+of+Chlamydia+trachomatis+infection&rft.au=Goetz%2C+H+M%3Bvan+bergen%2C+J+E+A+M%3BVeldhuijzen%2C+I+K%3BBroer%2C+J%3BHoebe%2C+C+J+P+A%3BRichardus%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Goetz&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sexually+Transmitted+Infections&rft.issn=13684973&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Condoms; Age; Urination; Urine; Risk factors; Bleeding; Population levels; Infection; Ethnic groups; Models; Chlamydia trachomatis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicokinetics of acrylamide and glycidamide in B6C3F sub(1) mice AN - 17814124; 6198303 AB - Acrylamide (AA) is a widely studied industrial chemical that is neurotoxic, mutagenic to somatic and germ cells, and carcinogenic in rodents. The recent discovery of AA at ppm levels in a wide variety of commonly consumed foods has energized research efforts worldwide to define toxic mechanisms, particularly toxicokinetics and bioavailability. This study compares the toxicokinetics of AA and its epoxide metabolite glycidamide (GA) in serum and tissues of male and female B6C3F1 mice following acute dosing by intravenous, gavage, and dietary routes at 0.1 mg/kg AA or intravenous and gavage dosing with an equimolar amount of GA. AA was rapidly absorbed from oral dosing, was widely distributed to tissues, was efficiently converted to GA, and increased levels of GA-DNA adducts were observed in liver after complete elimination from serum. GA dosing also resulted in rapid absorption, wide distribution to tissues, and produced liver DNA adduct levels that were approximately 40% higher than those from an equimolar dose of AA. While oral administration was found to attenuate AA bioavailability to 23% from the diet and to 32-52% from aqueous gavage, a first-pass effect or other kinetic change resulted in higher relative internal exposure to GA when compared to the intravenous route. A similar effect on relative GA exposure was also evident as the administered dose was reduced, which suggests that as dosing rate decreases, the conversion of AA to GA is more efficient. These findings are critical to the assessment of genotoxicity of AA at low doses in the food supply, which appears to depend on total exposure to GA. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Doerge AU - Young, J F AU - McDaniel, L P AU - Twaddle, N C AU - Churchwell, MI AD - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, ddoerge@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/02/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Feb 01 SP - 258 EP - 267 VL - 202 IS - 3 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Diets KW - DNA adducts KW - Intravenous administration KW - Epoxides KW - Genotoxicity KW - Germ cells KW - Oral administration KW - Metabolites KW - Acrylamide KW - Kinetics KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Liver KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17814124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Toxicokinetics+of+acrylamide+and+glycidamide+in+B6C3F+sub%281%29+mice&rft.au=Doerge%3BYoung%2C+J+F%3BMcDaniel%2C+L+P%3BTwaddle%2C+N+C%3BChurchwell%2C+MI&rft.aulast=Doerge&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=202&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2004.07.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; DNA adducts; Epoxides; Intravenous administration; Acrylamide; Kinetics; Genotoxicity; Neurotoxicity; Oral administration; Germ cells; Liver; Metabolites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2004.07.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Adsorbed onto Polylactide-Co-Glycolide Microparticles Improve the Immunogenicity and Protective Activity of the Licensed Anthrax Vaccine AN - 17812411; 6169786 AB - To reduce the biothreat posed by anthrax, efforts are under way to improve the protection afforded by vaccination. This work examines the ability of immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) adsorbed onto cationic polylactide-co-glycolide (PLG) microparticles (CpG ODN-PLG) to accelerate and boost the protective immunity elicited by Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA, the licensed human anthrax vaccine). The results indicate that coadministering CpG ODN-PLG with AVA induces a stronger and faster immunoglobulin G response against the protective antigen of anthrax than AVA alone. Immunized mice were protected from lethal anthrax challenge within 1 week of vaccination with CpG ODN-PLG plus AVA, with the level of protection correlating with serum immunoglobulin G anti-protective antigen titers. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Xie, Hang AU - Gursel, Ihsan AU - Ivins, Bruce E AU - Singh, Manmohan AU - O'Hagan, Derek T AU - Ulmer, Jeffrey B AU - Klinman, Dennis M AD - Section of Retroviral Immunology, Center for Biologics Evaluation Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 828 EP - 833 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 2 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - polylactide-co-glycolide KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Anthrax KW - microparticles KW - protective antigen KW - Immunity KW - CpG islands KW - Vaccination KW - Immunogenicity KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - N 14025:RNA/DNA role in infection & immune response KW - F 06807:Active immunization KW - W3 33345:DNA vaccines KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17812411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=CpG+Oligodeoxynucleotides+Adsorbed+onto+Polylactide-Co-Glycolide+Microparticles+Improve+the+Immunogenicity+and+Protective+Activity+of+the+Licensed+Anthrax+Vaccine&rft.au=Xie%2C+Hang%3BGursel%2C+Ihsan%3BIvins%2C+Bruce+E%3BSingh%2C+Manmohan%3BO%27Hagan%2C+Derek+T%3BUlmer%2C+Jeffrey+B%3BKlinman%2C+Dennis+M&rft.aulast=Xie&rft.aufirst=Hang&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=828&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacillus anthracis; Anthrax; CpG islands; Oligonucleotides; protective antigen; microparticles; polylactide-co-glycolide; Immunity; Immunoglobulin G; Vaccination; Immunogenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in DNA Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV in Resistant Mutants of Clostridium perfringens Found after In Vitro Treatment with Fluoroquinolones AN - 17805405; 6164437 AB - To compare mutations in the DNA gyrase (gyrA and gyrB) and topoisomerase IV (parC and parE) genes of Clostridium perfringens, which are associated with in vitro exposure to fluoroquinolones, resistant mutants were selected from eight strains by serial passage in the presence of increasing concentrations of norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, or trovafloxacin. The nucleotide sequences of the entire gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes of 42 mutants were determined. DNA gyrase was the primary target for each fluoroquinolone, and topoisomerase IV was the secondary target. Most mutations appeared in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA (resulting in changes of Asp-87 to Tyr or Gly-81 to Cys) and parC (resulting in changes of Asp-93 or Asp-88 to Tyr or Ser-89 to Ile); only two mutations were found in gyrB, and only two mutations were found in parE. More mutants with multiple gyrA and parC mutations were produced with gatifloxacin than with the other fluoroquinolones tested. Allelic diversity was observed among the resistant mutants, for which the drug MICs increased 2-to 256-fold. Both the structures of the drugs and their concentrations influenced the selection of mutants. JF - Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy AU - Rafii, Fatemeh AU - Park, Miseon AU - Novak, John S AD - Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas. Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, USDA/ARS/ERRC, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 488 EP - 492 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Norfloxacin KW - Fluoroquinolones KW - Clostridium perfringens KW - DNA topoisomerase KW - Genetic diversity KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - DNA topoisomerase IV KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Gatifloxacin KW - Ciprofloxacin KW - Trovafloxacin KW - Resistant mutant KW - Mutation KW - J 02725:DNA KW - J 02806:Quinones, quinolones and quinolines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17805405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Physical+Distribution+%26+Logistics+Management&rft.atitle=Stakeholder+pressure+in+sustainable+supply+chain+management%3A+A+systematic+review&rft.au=Meixell%2C+Mary+J%3BLuoma%2C+Patrice&rft.aulast=Meixell&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Physical+Distribution+%26+Logistics+Management&rft.issn=09600035&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clostridium perfringens; DNA topoisomerase IV; Mutation; Fluoroquinolones; DNA topoisomerase; Resistant mutant; Gatifloxacin; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Norfloxacin; Trovafloxacin; Antimicrobial agents; Genetic diversity; Ciprofloxacin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Plan Liability and ERISA: The Expanding Scope of State Legislation AN - 17805209; 6164968 AB - The federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) supersedes state laws as they relate to employer-based health care plans. Thus, cases brought under ERISA are heard in federal courts. We examined the intent, scope, and impact of recent laws passed in 10 states attempting to expand the legal rights of health plan enrollees to sue their plans. In June 2004, the US Supreme Court ruled that state-law causes of action brought under the Texas Health Care Liability Act involving coverage decisions by Aetna Health Inc and CIGNA Health Care of Texas were preempted by ERISA. The full implications of this decision are not evident at present. JF - American Journal of Public Health AU - Hellinger, Fred J AU - Young, Gary J AD - Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 217 EP - 223 PB - American Public Health Association, 1015 15th St., N.W. Washington DC 20005 USA VL - 95 IS - 2 SN - 0090-0036, 0090-0036 KW - Risk Abstracts KW - Federal regulations KW - Liability KW - Insurance KW - Government regulations KW - USA KW - Health care KW - Legal aspects KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17805209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Health+Plan+Liability+and+ERISA%3A+The+Expanding+Scope+of+State+Legislation&rft.au=Hellinger%2C+Fred+J%3BYoung%2C+Gary+J&rft.aulast=Hellinger&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.issn=00900036&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Federal regulations; Government regulations; Liability; Legal aspects; Insurance; Health care ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Examination of Human Tissue Cytosols for Expression of Sulfotransferase Isoform 1A2 (SULT1A2) Using a SULT1A2-Specific Antibody AN - 17774037; 6174790 AB - Sulfotransferase isoform 1A2 (SULT1A2) is a member of the cytosolic sulfotransferase family of phase II detoxification enzymes. Studies with recombinant enzymes have shown that SULT1A2 can catalyze the bioactivation of several procarcinogens, indicating a potential role in chemical carcinogenesis. However, previous studies have suggested that the SULT1A2 transcript has a splicing defect that might prevent it from becoming translated into protein; therefore, we sought to determine the expression of SULT1A2 in tissues. An antibody directed against a region of human SULT1A2 that differs from other known sulfotransferase isoforms was developed and used to screen a large number of cytosolic fractions from various tissues. Although the SULT1A2 antibody recognized recombinant SULT1A2 and did not cross-react with other SULT isoforms, the expression of SULT1A2 was not detected in any tissue examined. These studies suggest that if SULT1A2 is expressed as protein, the levels are very low and that SULT1A2 probably does not play a physiological role in chemical carcinogenesis. JF - Molecular Pharmacology AU - Nowell, Susan AU - Green, Bridgett AU - Tang, Yong Ming AU - Wiese, Rick AU - Kadlubar, Fred F AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas (S.N., B.G., F.F.K.) Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 394 EP - 399 PB - Williams & Wilkins, 351 W. Camden St. Baltimore MD 21201 USA, [URL:http://www.lww.com/] VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 0026-895X, 0026-895X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Detoxification KW - Splicing KW - Antibodies KW - Sulfotransferase KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Cytosol KW - Transcription KW - Enzymes KW - W3 33375:Antibodies KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17774037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Examination+of+Human+Tissue+Cytosols+for+Expression+of+Sulfotransferase+Isoform+1A2+%28SULT1A2%29+Using+a+SULT1A2-Specific+Antibody&rft.au=Nowell%2C+Susan%3BGreen%2C+Bridgett%3BTang%2C+Yong+Ming%3BWiese%2C+Rick%3BKadlubar%2C+Fred+F&rft.aulast=Nowell&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=394&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0026895X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfotransferase; Antibodies; Enzymes; Carcinogenesis; Splicing; Detoxification; Transcription; Cytosol ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Programming of CTL with heat-killed Brucella abortus and antigen allows soluble antigen alone to generate effective secondary CTL AN - 17770636; 6150535 AB - Optimal generation of cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses continues to be a challenge in the production of vaccines against pathogens such as HIV-1, in part because it is difficult to introduce soluble protein antigens (Ag) into the MHC class I pathway. Using heat-killed Brucella abortus (HKBA) as an adjuvant and ovalbumin (ova) protein as an Ag, we demonstrated that a high dose of Ag was required for systemic and effective CTL. In an adoptive transfer model, primary and secondary ova-specific OT-1 CD8 cell expansion by HKBA plus high dose of ova were partially CD4 T cell-dependent. Interestingly, primary stimulation with HKBA plus ova allowed effective secondary stimulation with ova alone that was equivalent to HKBA plus ova in terms of IFN- gamma production from Ag-specific CD8 cells. Thus a combination of adequate Ag dose, and selection of appropriate adjuvants can meet the threshold not only for primary effective CTL responses to soluble protein Ags but for secondary CTL responses following stimulation with protein Ag alone. JF - Vaccine AU - Inoue, S AU - Golding, B AU - Scott, D AD - Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Division of Hematology, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, inoue@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 1730 EP - 1738 PB - Butterworth-Heinemann, 313 Washington St. Newton MA 02158 USA VL - 23 IS - 14 SN - 0264-410X, 0264-410X KW - HIV-1 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Ovalbumin KW - soluble protein antigen KW - Major histocompatibility complex KW - Adjuvants KW - CD4 antigen KW - Human immunodeficiency virus 1 KW - Lymphocytes T KW - g-Interferon KW - CD8 antigen KW - Cytotoxicity KW - ^g-Interferon KW - Adoptive transfer KW - Brucella abortus KW - Vaccines KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06807:Active immunization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17770636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=Programming+of+CTL+with+heat-killed+Brucella+abortus+and+antigen+allows+soluble+antigen+alone+to+generate+effective+secondary+CTL&rft.au=Inoue%2C+S%3BGolding%2C+B%3BScott%2C+D&rft.aulast=Inoue&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1730&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2004.09.034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brucella abortus; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Cytotoxicity; Lymphocytes T; CD8 antigen; Vaccines; Adjuvants; g-Interferon; Adoptive transfer; soluble protein antigen; CD4 antigen; Major histocompatibility complex; Ovalbumin; ^g-Interferon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.09.034 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gene Regulation and Molecular Toxicology AN - 17770523; 6154293 AB - The study of gene expression has become a cornerstone of molecular toxicology and toxicogenomics. From a toxicological standpoint, constitutive expression levels of a gene could be just as important in determining the outcome of toxicity as the inducible expression. There are six distinct steps at which gene expression can be controlled; these are transcription, RNA processing, RNA transport, translation, mRNA degradation, and control of protein activity. While this overall paradigm of gene regulation is still valid, the complexity of genetic regulation begins mostly at the level of transcription and certain post-transcriptional events. A thorough understanding of the complexity and fluidity of gene and genome structure and their regulation is an integral part in the theory and practice of molecular toxicology and toxicogenomics. The present article is an attempt to briefly summarize our understanding of gene regulation beginning from the cistron concept. Relevance of molecular toxicology to gene regulatory mechanisms has been emphasized with examples wherever appropriate. JF - Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods AU - Choudhuri, S AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Division of Biotechnology and GRAS Notice Review, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, USA Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 1 EP - 23 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 1537-6516, 1537-6516 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - RNA processing KW - Gene expression KW - Translation KW - Reviews KW - Gene regulation KW - Transcription KW - Toxicity KW - Post-transcription KW - RNA transport KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17770523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Mechanisms+and+Methods&rft.atitle=Gene+Regulation+and+Molecular+Toxicology&rft.au=Choudhuri%2C+S&rft.aulast=Choudhuri&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Mechanisms+and+Methods&rft.issn=15376516&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15376520590890686 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene regulation; RNA transport; Transcription; Reviews; Gene expression; RNA processing; Toxicity; Translation; Post-transcription DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15376520590890686 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstration of differential virulence gene promoter activation in vivo in Bordetella pertussis using RIVET AN - 17532048; 6230101 AB - Bordetella pertussis, the etiologic agent of whooping cough, causes disease by employing an array of virulence factors controlled by the BvgA-BvgS two-component signal transduction system. Regulation by this system has been extensively characterized in vitro, where bvg-activated genes are repressed in a process known as phenotypic modulation. Differential regulation of these genes by the response regulator BvgA results in promoters that are activated early, middle, or late after being released from modulation. However, the in vivo environmental signal and regulation pattern has not been described. In order to investigate BvgAS-mediated regulation of B. pertussis virulence factors in vivo using the mouse aerosol challenge model, we have adapted the recombinase-based in vivo technology (RIVET) system for use in B. pertussis. We have demonstrated that these strains show resolution during in vitro growth under non-modulating conditions. In addition, we have demonstrated that modulating strains by growth on media containing MgSO sub(4) does not affect virulence in the mouse aerosol challenge model. We have therefore used the RIVET system to reveal the time-course of gene expression in vivo for selected B. pertussis virulence factors (cya, fha, prn and ptx). Our data indicate that this method can be effectively used to monitor and compare in vivo and in vitro gene expression in B. pertussis, and that temporal regulation patterns previously observed in vitro are mirrored in vivo. JF - Molecular Microbiology AU - Veal-Carr, Wendy L AU - Stibitz, Scott AD - Division of Bacterial, Parasitic, and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD, USA, carrw@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 788 EP - 798 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 55 IS - 3 SN - 0950-382X, 0950-382X KW - mice KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Pertussis KW - virulence factors KW - Animal models KW - Gene expression KW - Virulence KW - Promoters KW - Aerosols KW - Transcription KW - Media (differential) KW - Bordetella pertussis KW - Gene regulation KW - Transcription activation KW - Signal transduction KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17532048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Demonstration+of+differential+virulence+gene+promoter+activation+in+vivo+in+Bordetella+pertussis+using+RIVET&rft.au=Veal-Carr%2C+Wendy+L%3BStibitz%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Veal-Carr&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=788&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Microbiology&rft.issn=0950382X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2958.2004.04418.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 6; tables, 1; references, 50. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bordetella pertussis; Pertussis; virulence factors; Aerosols; Promoters; Animal models; Virulence; Gene expression; Transcription activation; Gene regulation; Transcription; Signal transduction; Media (differential) DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04418.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The seasonality of human campylobacter infection and Campylobacter isolates from fresh, retail chicken in Wales AN - 17381118; 6492641 AB - Seasonal peaks in both human campylobacter infections and poultry isolates have been observed in several European countries but remain unexplained. We compared weekly data on human campylobacter infections with thermophilic Campylobacter isolation rates from fresh, retail chicken samples (n=514) purchased weekly in Wales between January and December 2002. Human isolates (n=2631) peaked between weeks 22 and 25 (early June) and chicken isolates (n=364) between weeks 24 and 26 (late June). In the absence of a temporal association, we postulate that the seasonal rise in humans is not caused by a rise in isolation rates in poultry but that both are more likely to be associated with a common, but as yet unidentified, environmental source. JF - Epidemiology and Infection AU - Meldrum, R J AU - Griffiths, J K AU - Smith, RMM AU - Evans, M R AD - National Public Health Service for Wales, Llandough Hospital, Penarth, CF64 2XX, UK, Richard.Meldrum@nphs.wales.nhs.uk Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 49 EP - 52 VL - 133 IS - 1 SN - 0950-2688, 0950-2688 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Poultry KW - Thermophilic bacteria KW - Campylobacter KW - Seasonal variations KW - British Isles, Wales KW - J 02862:Infection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17381118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiology+and+Infection&rft.atitle=The+seasonality+of+human+campylobacter+infection+and+Campylobacter+isolates+from+fresh%2C+retail+chicken+in+Wales&rft.au=Meldrum%2C+R+J%3BGriffiths%2C+J+K%3BSmith%2C+RMM%3BEvans%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Meldrum&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiology+and+Infection&rft.issn=09502688&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0950268804003188 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poultry; Thermophilic bacteria; Seasonal variations; Campylobacter; British Isles, Wales DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268804003188 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of thymic atrophy and the mechanism of thymocyte depletion after in vivo exposure to a mixture of herbicides. AN - 67513198; 15762548 AB - 3,4-Dichloropropionanilide (propanil) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) are two commonly used herbicides that are marketed as a chemical mixture. It was hypothesized that the interaction between these two herbicides, when administered as a mixture, would result in a greater effect on the immune system than the individual components of the mixture. The present study demonstrates in a murine model that a mixture of propanil and 2,4-D, when compared to single herbicide exposures, exacerbates decreases in thymocyte populations 2 d postexposure and inhibits the repopulation of T-cells in the thymus 7 d postexposure. Exposure to 150 mg herbicide/kg body weight of propanil or 2,4-D alone had no effect on thymus weight. In contrast, decreases in the ratio of thymus weight to body weight (TW:BW) occurred 2 d after treatment with the mixture of 150 mg propanil/kg body weight + 150 mg 2,4-D/kg body weight (150/150). Thymic atrophy was associated with a decrease in the double-positive thymocyte population (CD4+CD8+) and correlated with sera corticosterone levels from 600 to 1000 pg/ml. Therefore, the hypothesis was tested that glucocorticoids, induced after exposure to herbicides, were responsible for the thymic atrophy and depletion of thymocytes. However, similar levels of corticosterone were induced after exposure to 50, 100, or 150 mg propanil/kg body weight, and 50/50 or 100/100 mixture treatments, doses that did not produce thymic atrophy or cell loss. In addition, RU 486, a glucocorticoid receptor blocker, only partially abrogated the thymic atrophy in mice exposed to the 150/150 mixture of herbicides. These results suggest that glucocorticoids are only partially responsible for herbicide-induced thymic atrophy. This study demonstrates that the effects of exposure to a mixture of chemicals cannot always be predicted based on single exposure data and emphasizes the importance of mixture-based studies. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - de la Rosa, Patricia AU - Barnett, John B AU - Schafer, Rosana AD - NIOSH-HELD-ASB, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. Y1 - 2005/01/22/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 22 SP - 81 EP - 98 VL - 68 IS - 2 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Dimethylamines KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - 2,4-D amine KW - 2008-39-1 KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid KW - 2577AQ9262 KW - Mifepristone KW - 320T6RNW1F KW - Propanil KW - 709-98-8 KW - Corticosterone KW - W980KJ009P KW - Index Medicus KW - Atrophy -- chemically induced KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Cell Count KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Corticosterone -- blood KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Mifepristone -- pharmacology KW - Female KW - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- pathology KW - Dimethylamines -- toxicity KW - Herbicides -- toxicity KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Propanil -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67513198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+thymic+atrophy+and+the+mechanism+of+thymocyte+depletion+after+in+vivo+exposure+to+a+mixture+of+herbicides.&rft.au=de+la+Rosa%2C+Patricia%3BBarnett%2C+John+B%3BSchafer%2C+Rosana&rft.aulast=de+la+Rosa&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2005-01-22&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-31 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis after sexual, injection-drug use, or other nonoccupational exposure to HIV in the United States: recommendations from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. AN - 67360982; 15660015 AB - The most effective means of preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is preventing exposure. The provision of antiretroviral drugs to prevent HIV infection after unanticipated sexual or injection-drug--use exposure might be beneficial. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Working Group on Nonoccupational Postexposure Prophylaxis (nPEP) made the following recommendations for the United States. For persons seeking care 72 hours after exposure, DHHS does not recommend the use of nPEP. Clinicians might consider prescribing nPEP for exposures conferring a serious risk for transmission, even if the person seeks care >72 hours after exposure if, in their judgment, the diminished potential benefit of nPEP outweighs the risks for transmission and adverse events. For all exposures, other health risks resulting from the exposure should be considered and prophylaxis administered when indicated. Risk-reduction counseling and indicated intervention services should be provided to reduce the risk for recurrent exposures. JF - MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports AU - Smith, Dawn K AU - Grohskopf, Lisa A AU - Black, Roberta J AU - Auerbach, Judith D AU - Veronese, Fulvia AU - Struble, Kimberly A AU - Cheever, Laura AU - Johnson, Michael AU - Paxton, Lynn A AU - Onorato, Ida M AU - Greenberg, Alan E AU - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services AD - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. ; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Y1 - 2005/01/21/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 21 SP - 1 EP - 20 VL - 54 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Risk KW - Humans KW - Cost-Benefit Analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Time Factors KW - Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active -- standards KW - HIV Infections -- transmission KW - HIV Infections -- prevention & control KW - Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active -- economics KW - HIV Infections -- economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67360982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MMWR.+Recommendations+and+reports+%3A+Morbidity+and+mortality+weekly+report.+Recommendations+and+reports&rft.atitle=Antiretroviral+postexposure+prophylaxis+after+sexual%2C+injection-drug+use%2C+or+other+nonoccupational+exposure+to+HIV+in+the+United+States%3A+recommendations+from+the+U.S.+Department+of+Health+and+Human+Services.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Dawn+K%3BGrohskopf%2C+Lisa+A%3BBlack%2C+Roberta+J%3BAuerbach%2C+Judith+D%3BVeronese%2C+Fulvia%3BStruble%2C+Kimberly+A%3BCheever%2C+Laura%3BJohnson%2C+Michael%3BPaxton%2C+Lynn+A%3BOnorato%2C+Ida+M%3BGreenberg%2C+Alan+E%3BU.S.+Department+of+Health+and+Human+Services&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Dawn&rft.date=2005-01-21&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=MMWR.+Recommendations+and+reports+%3A+Morbidity+and+mortality+weekly+report.+Recommendations+and+reports&rft.issn=1545-8601&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calcineurin/NFAT-induced up-regulation of the Fas ligand/Fas death pathway is involved in methamphetamine-induced neuronal apoptosis AN - 17621577; 6175527 AB - Methamphetamine [METH ("speed")] is an abused psychostimulant that can cause psychotic, cognitive, and psychomotor impairment in humans. These signs and symptoms are thought to be related to dysfunctions in basal ganglionic structures of the brain. To identify possible molecular bases for these clinical manifestations, we first used cDNA microarray technology to measure METH-induced transcriptional responses in the striatum of rats treated with an apoptosis-inducing dose of the drug. METH injection resulted in increased expression of members of the Jun, Egr, and Nur77 subfamilies of transcription factors (TFs), changes that were confirmed by quantitative PCR. Because pathways linked to these factors are involved in the up-regulation of Fas ligand (FasL), FasL mRNA was quantified and found to be increased. Immunohistochemical studies also revealed METH-induced increased FasL protein expression in striatal GABAergic neurons that express enkephalin. Moreover, there were METH-mediated increases in calcineurin, as well as shuttling of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)c3 and NFATc4 from the cytosol to the nucleus of METH-treated rats, mechanisms also known to be involved in FasL regulation. Furthermore, METH induced cleavage of caspase-3 in FasL-and Fas-containing neurons. Finally, the METH-induced changes in the FasL-Fas death pathway were attenuated by pretreatment with the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist, SCH23390 which also caused attenuation of METH-induced apoptosis. These observations indicate that METH causes some of its neurodegenerative effects, in part, via stimulation of the Fas-mediated cell death pathway consequent to FasL up-regulation mediated by activation of multiple TFs. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Jayanthi, Subramaniam AU - Deng, Xiaolin AU - Ladenheim, Bruce AU - Mccoy, Michael T AU - Cluster, Andrew AU - Cai, Ning-Sheng AU - Cadet, Jean Lud AD - Molecular Neuropsychiatry Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD Y1 - 2005/01/18/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 18 SP - 868 EP - 873 PB - National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Ave. Washington DC 20418 USA VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - T 20029:Enzymes KW - N3 11106:Neurobiology of drug abuse KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17621577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Calcineurin%2FNFAT-induced+up-regulation+of+the+Fas+ligand%2FFas+death+pathway+is+involved+in+methamphetamine-induced+neuronal+apoptosis&rft.au=Jayanthi%2C+Subramaniam%3BDeng%2C+Xiaolin%3BLadenheim%2C+Bruce%3BMccoy%2C+Michael+T%3BCluster%2C+Andrew%3BCai%2C+Ning-Sheng%3BCadet%2C+Jean+Lud&rft.aulast=Jayanthi&rft.aufirst=Subramaniam&rft.date=2005-01-18&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=868&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Enhance Neonatal Resistance to Listeria Infection AN - 17770733; 6171562 AB - Infection by Listeria monocytogenes causes serious morbidity and mortality during the neonatal period. Previous studies established that immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) can increased the resistance of adult mice to many infectious pathogens, including LISTERIA: This work examines the capacity of CpG ODN to stimulate a protective immune response in newborns. Results indicate that dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells from 3-day-old mice respond to CpG stimulation by secreting IFN- gamma , IL-12, and/or TNF- alpha . Spleen cells from CpG-treated neonates produce large amounts of cytokine and NO when exposed to bacteria in vitro. Newborns treated with CpG ODN are protected from lethal Listeria challenge and generate Ag-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells that afford long-term protection against subsequent infection. These results demonstrate that cellular elements of the neonatal immune system respond to stimulation by CpG ODN, thereby reducing host susceptibility to infectious pathogens. JF - Journal of Immunology AU - Ito, Shuichi AU - Ishii, Ken J AU - Gursel, Mayda AU - Shirotra, Hidekazu AU - Ihata, Atsushi AU - Klinman, Dennis M AD - Section of Retroviral Immunology, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD Y1 - 2005/01/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 15 SP - 777 EP - 782 PB - American Association of Immunologists, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3998 USA, [URL:http://www.jimmunol.org/] VL - 174 IS - 2 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Infection KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Dendritic cells KW - CD4 antigen KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Mortality KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - g-Interferon KW - Spleen KW - Pathogens KW - CpG islands KW - Tumor necrosis factor-a KW - ^g-Interferon KW - Tumor necrosis factor-^a KW - Neonates KW - F 06838:Human KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17770733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=CpG+Oligodeoxynucleotides+Enhance+Neonatal+Resistance+to+Listeria+Infection&rft.au=Ito%2C+Shuichi%3BIshii%2C+Ken+J%3BGursel%2C+Mayda%3BShirotra%2C+Hidekazu%3BIhata%2C+Atsushi%3BKlinman%2C+Dennis+M&rft.aulast=Ito&rft.aufirst=Shuichi&rft.date=2005-01-15&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=777&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Listeria monocytogenes; CpG islands; Neonates; Infection; Pathogens; Oligonucleotides; CD4 antigen; g-Interferon; Spleen; Lymphocytes T; Tumor necrosis factor-a; Mortality; Dendritic cells; ^g-Interferon; Tumor necrosis factor-^a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-reported Electrical Appliance Use and Risk of Adult Brain Tumors AN - 17483282; 6164741 AB - Electrical appliances produce the highest intensity exposures to residential extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields. The authors investigated whether appliances may be associated with adult brain tumors in a hospital-based case-control study at three centers in the United States from 1994 to 1998. A total of 410 glioma, 178 meningioma, and 90 acoustic neuroma cases and 686 controls responded to a self-administered questionnaire about 14 electrical appliances. There was little evidence of association between brain tumors and curling iron, heating pad, vibrating massager, electric blanket, heated water bed, sound system, computer, television, humidifier, microwave oven, and electric stove. Ever use of hair dryers was associated with glioma (odds ratio = 1.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 2.5), but there was no evidence of increasing risk with increasing amount of use. In men, meningioma was associated with electric shaver use (odds ratio = 10.9, 95% confidence interval: 2.3, 50), and odds ratios increased with cumulative minutes of use, although they were based on only two nonexposed cases. Recall bias for appliances used regularly near the head or chance may provide an alternative explanation for the observed associations. Overall, results indicate that extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields from commonly used household appliances are unlikely to increase the risk of brain tumors. JF - American Journal of Epidemiology AU - Kleinerman, Ruth A AU - Linet, Martha S AU - Hatch, Elizabeth E AU - Tarone, Robert E AU - Black, Peter M AU - Selker, Robert G AU - Shapiro, William R AU - Fine, Howard A AU - Inskip, Peter D AD - Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD. Y1 - 2005/01/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 15 SP - 136 EP - 146 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals Health, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 161 IS - 2 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - tumors KW - electrical appliances KW - Risk Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Consumer products KW - Public health KW - Glioma KW - Head KW - Acoustics KW - Computers KW - Microwave oven KW - Brain KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Brain tumors KW - Humidifiers KW - Iron KW - meningioma KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - N3 11129:Neural and glial oncology KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17483282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Self-reported+Electrical+Appliance+Use+and+Risk+of+Adult+Brain+Tumors&rft.au=Kleinerman%2C+Ruth+A%3BLinet%2C+Martha+S%3BHatch%2C+Elizabeth+E%3BTarone%2C+Robert+E%3BBlack%2C+Peter+M%3BSelker%2C+Robert+G%3BShapiro%2C+William+R%3BFine%2C+Howard+A%3BInskip%2C+Peter+D&rft.aulast=Kleinerman&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft.date=2005-01-15&rft.volume=161&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Consumer products; Electromagnetic fields; Brain; Public health; Brain tumors; meningioma; Glioma; Head; Humidifiers; Iron; Microwave oven; Computers; Acoustics ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Correlation between cough sound characteristics and specific airway resistance in Guinea pigs AN - 39946585; 3902175 AU - Day, J W AU - Reynolds, J S AU - Frazer, D G AU - Day, J B AU - Cooley, W L Y1 - 2005/01/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 14 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39946585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Correlation+between+cough+sound+characteristics+and+specific+airway+resistance+in+Guinea+pigs&rft.au=Day%2C+J+W%3BReynolds%2C+J+S%3BFrazer%2C+D+G%3BDay%2C+J+B%3BCooley%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Biomedical Engineering Society, 8401 Corporate Drive, Suite 110, Landover, MD 20785-2224, USA; URL: www.bmes.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pax2 expression occurs in renal medullary epithelial cells in vivo and in cell culture, is osmoregulated, and promotes osmotic tolerance AN - 20217264; 6175442 AB - Pax2 is a transcription factor that is crucial for kidney development, and it is also expressed in the normal adult kidney, where its physiological function is unknown. In the present study, we find by cDNA microarray analysis that Pax2 expression in second-passage mouse inner-medullary epithelial cells is increased by a high NaCl concentration, which is significant because NaCl levels are normally high in the inner medulla in vivo, and varies with urinary concentration. Furthermore, a high NaCl concentration increases Pax2 mRNA and protein expression in mouse inner medullary collecting duct (mIMCD3) cells, and its transcriptional activity. Pax2 mRNA and protein expression is high in normal adult mouse renal inner medulla but much lower in renal cortex. Pax2 protein is present in collecting duct cells in both renal medulla and cortex and in thin descending limbs of Henle's loop in inner medulla. Treating Brattleboro rats with desamino-Cys-1,D-Arg-8 vasopressin, which increases inner-medullary NaCl concentration, causes a 4-fold increase in inner-medullary Pax2 protein. Treatment with furosemide, which decreases inner-medullary NaCl, reduces inner- medullary Pax2 mRNA and protein. Pax2-specific short interfering RNA increases high NaCl concentration-induced activation of caspase-3 and apoptotic bodies in mIMCD3 cells. We thus conclude that (i) Pax2 is expressed in normal renal medulla, (ii) its expression is regulated there by the normally high and variable NaCl concentration, and (iii) it protects renal medullary cells from high NaCl concentration-induced apoptosis. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Cai, Qi AU - Dmitrieva, Natalia I AU - Ferraris, Joan D AU - Brooks, Heddwen L AU - van balkom, Bas WM AU - Burg, Maurice AD - Laboratory of Kidney and Electrolyte Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD Y1 - 2005/01/11/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 11 SP - 503 EP - 508 PB - National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Ave. Washington DC 20418 USA VL - 102 IS - 2 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Pax2 protein KW - Epithelial cells KW - Apoptosis KW - renal cortex KW - Cell culture KW - furosemide KW - DNA microarrays KW - Gene expression KW - Limbs KW - Collecting duct KW - siRNA KW - Vasopressin KW - Transcription factors KW - Kidney KW - Caspase-3 KW - Sodium chloride KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20217264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Pax2+expression+occurs+in+renal+medullary+epithelial+cells+in+vivo+and+in+cell+culture%2C+is+osmoregulated%2C+and+promotes+osmotic+tolerance&rft.au=Cai%2C+Qi%3BDmitrieva%2C+Natalia+I%3BFerraris%2C+Joan+D%3BBrooks%2C+Heddwen+L%3Bvan+balkom%2C+Bas+WM%3BBurg%2C+Maurice&rft.aulast=Cai&rft.aufirst=Qi&rft.date=2005-01-11&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pax2 protein; Epithelial cells; Apoptosis; renal cortex; Cell culture; DNA microarrays; furosemide; Gene expression; Collecting duct; Limbs; Vasopressin; siRNA; Transcription factors; Caspase-3; Kidney; Sodium chloride ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a headspace gas chromatographic test for the quantification of 1- and 2-bromopropane in human urine. AN - 67330085; 15607724 AB - A test procedure was developed for the detection and quantification of 1- and 2-bromopropane in human urine. 1-Bromopropane (1-BP) is a commonly used industrial solvent, and 2-bromopropane (2-BP) is often found as an impurity component in industrial grade 1-BP. Both compounds are a health concern for exposed workers due to their chronic toxicity. Bromopropanes have been associated with neurological disorders in both animals and humans. Sample preparation consisted of diluting urine with water and fortification with 1-bromobutane (1-BB), which was used as an internal standard; then each sample was sealed in a headspace vial. A static-headspace sampler (Teledyne-Tekmar Model 7000) was used to heat each sample at 75 degrees C for a 35-min equilibrium time. Quantification was by means of a gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with an electron capture detector (ECD) and a dimethylpolysiloxane (DB-1) capillary column. A recovery study using fortified urine samples at multiple concentrations (0.5-8 microg/ml) demonstrated full recovery; 104-121% recovery was obtained. Precision ranged from 5 to 17% for the 15-20 spiked samples used at each concentration, which were analyzed over multiple experimental trial days. The limit of detection (LOD) for this test procedure was approximately 2 ng/ml 1-BP and 7 ng/ml 2-BP in urine. A recovery study of 1- and 2-BP from fortified urine stored in vials appropriate for field collection was also completed. These results and other factors of the development and validation of this test procedure will be discussed. JF - Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences AU - B'Hymer, C AU - Cheever, K L AD - U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Applied Research and Technology, Taft Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA. cbhymer@dc.gov Y1 - 2005/01/05/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 05 SP - 185 EP - 189 VL - 814 IS - 1 SN - 1570-0232, 1570-0232 KW - Hydrocarbons, Brominated KW - 0 KW - 2-bromopropane KW - 75-26-3 KW - 1-bromopropane KW - Y9746DNE68 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Hydrocarbons, Brominated -- urine KW - Chromatography, Gas -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67330085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+B%2C+Analytical+technologies+in+the+biomedical+and+life+sciences&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+headspace+gas+chromatographic+test+for+the+quantification+of+1-+and+2-bromopropane+in+human+urine.&rft.au=B%27Hymer%2C+C%3BCheever%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=B%27Hymer&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-01-05&rft.volume=814&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+B%2C+Analytical+technologies+in+the+biomedical+and+life+sciences&rft.issn=15700232&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-20 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence-based decision making: global evidence, local decisions AN - 838989899; 3348308 JF - Health affairs AU - Clancy, Carolyn M AU - Cronin, Kelly AD - Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality ; Department of Health and Human Services Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 151 EP - 162 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0278-2715, 0278-2715 KW - Sociology KW - Technology policy KW - Decision making KW - Medical treatment KW - Research KW - Organizational change KW - Evidence KW - Health services UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/838989899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+affairs&rft.atitle=Evidence-based+decision+making%3A+global+evidence%2C+local+decisions&rft.au=Clancy%2C+Carolyn+M%3BCronin%2C+Kelly&rft.aulast=Clancy&rft.aufirst=Carolyn&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+affairs&rft.issn=02782715&rft_id=info:doi/10.1377%2Fhlthaff.24.1.151 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5792 10484; 7890 5792 10484; 3322 6071 1542 11325; 12627 11332 3172 10472 2536 2523 4577 3872 554 971 3977 5574; 10902; 4560; 9016 6585 6590 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.24.1.151 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making policy when the evidence is in dispute AN - 838989694; 3348302 JF - Health affairs AU - Atkins, David AU - Siegel, Joanna AU - Slutsky, Jean AD - Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 102 EP - 113 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0278-2715, 0278-2715 KW - Sociology KW - Technology policy KW - Decision making KW - Medical treatment KW - Health policy KW - Evidence KW - Practice KW - Organizational change KW - Health services UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/838989694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+affairs&rft.atitle=Making+policy+when+the+evidence+is+in+dispute&rft.au=Atkins%2C+David%3BSiegel%2C+Joanna%3BSlutsky%2C+Jean&rft.aulast=Atkins&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+affairs&rft.issn=02782715&rft_id=info:doi/10.1377%2Fhlthaff.24.1.102 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5792 10484; 5788 11888 10472; 3322 6071 1542 11325; 9016 6585 6590; 9979; 4560; 12627 11332 3172 10472 2536 2523 4577 3872 554 971 3977 5574; 7890 5792 10484 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.24.1.102 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asymmetric and Axisymmetric Constant Curvature Liquid-Gas Interfaces in Pulmonary Airways AN - 831180208; 13867021 AB - Airway closure and gas trapping can occur during lung deflation and inflation when fluid menisci form across the lumina of respiratory passageways. Previous analyses of the behavior of liquid in airways have assumed that the airway is completely wetted or that the contact angle of the liquid-gas interface with the airway wall is 0 super(), and thus that the airway fluid forms an axisymmetric surface. However, some investigators have suggested that liquid in the airways is discontinuous and that contact angles can be as high as 67 super(). In this study we consider the characteristics of constant curvature surfaces that could form a stable liquid-gas interface in a cylindrical airway. Our analysis suggests that, for small liquid volumes, asymmetric droplets are more likely to form than axisymmetric toroids. In addition, if the fluid contact angle is greater than 13 super(), asymmetric droplets can sustain larger liquid volumes than axisymmetric toroids before collapsing to form menisci. These results suggest that (1) fluid formations other than axisymmetric toroids could occur in the airways; and (2) the analysis of the behavior of fluids and the development of liquid menisci within the lungs should include the potential role of asymmetric droplets. JF - Annals of Biomedical Engineering AU - Lindsley, William G AU - Collicott, Steven H AU - Franz, Gunter N AU - Stolarik, Brian AU - McKinney, Walter AU - Frazer, David G AD - Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, 26505, WV, wlindsley@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 365 EP - 375 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0090-6964, 0090-6964 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Lung KW - Trapping KW - Respiratory tract KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/831180208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+Journal+of+Public+Sector+Management&rft.atitle=ICT+and+sustainability+in+smart+cities+management&rft.au=Bifulco%2C+Francesco%3BTregua%2C+Marco%3BAmitrano%2C+Cristina+Caterina%3BD%27Auria%2C+Anna&rft.aulast=Bifulco&rft.aufirst=Francesco&rft.date=2016-02-20&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+International+Journal+of+Public+Sector+Management&rft.issn=09513558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lung; Trapping; Respiratory tract DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-005-1739-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pregnancy outcomes in smokers who develop pre-eclampsia AN - 745932735; 6618901 AB - Maternal smoking reduces the risk of pre-eclampsia, but has been reported to increase the risk of adverse outcomes related to the disease. We used data from the trial of Calcium for Pre-eclampsia Prevention (CPEP) to explore whether clinical manifestations of pre-eclampsia were altered by maternal smoking. CPEP was a randomised study of 4589 nulliparous women conducted in five US medical centres. Smoking history was obtained at study enrolment and women were monitored for the development of hypertension, proteinuria, and other medical complications. Among pre-eclamptic women (n = 274), the risk of severe disease was not elevated in smokers (adjusted odds ratio 0.87 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30, 2.51]). Compared with non-smokers, gestational age (days, cSE) at onset of pre-eclampsia was not reduced in smokers (264.8 c 1.5, and 268.2 c 5.5, respectively, P = 0.48). The smoking-attributable deficit in birthweight was not increased in pre-eclamptic women compared with normotensive women (97 g [95% CI -49, 244] and 185 g [95% CI 141, 229] respectively). In conclusion, among women who developed pre-eclampsia, smoking during pregnancy was not associated with disease severity. We found no evidence that pre-eclampsia and smoking act synergistically to restrict fetal growth. JF - Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology AU - Beste, Lauren A AU - England, Lucinda J AU - Schisterman, Enrique F AU - Qian, Cong AU - Yu, Kai F AU - Levine, Richard J AD - Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, lengland@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 12 EP - 18 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0269-5022, 0269-5022 KW - Risk Abstracts KW - Smoking KW - risk reduction KW - Historical account KW - Age KW - complications KW - Calcium KW - hypertension KW - prevention KW - Pregnancy KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745932735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Paediatric+and+Perinatal+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Pregnancy+outcomes+in+smokers+who+develop+pre-eclampsia&rft.au=Beste%2C+Lauren+A%3BEngland%2C+Lucinda+J%3BSchisterman%2C+Enrique+F%3BQian%2C+Cong%3BYu%2C+Kai+F%3BLevine%2C+Richard+J&rft.aulast=Beste&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Paediatric+and+Perinatal+Epidemiology&rft.issn=02695022&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3016.2004.00617.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Tables, 4; references, 19. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; risk reduction; Smoking; Age; Calcium; complications; hypertension; prevention; Pregnancy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3016.2004.00617.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in gene and protein expression in magnetic field-treated human glioma cells. AN - 734201992; 20021071 AB - Because few cancer studies have examined protein profiles and genetic regulation from a single carcinogen exposure, the objective of this study was to determine genetic change via microarray and to evaluate whether that change was a precursor to cellular protein changes. In separate but experimentally identical studies, human glioma SF767 cells were exposed for 3 h to 60-Hz magnetic fields (sham or 1.2 muT). Microarray results suggested that magnetic field treatment resulted in the up-regulation of 5 genes, whereas 25 genes were down-regulated. The mean abundance of 10 identified proteins was altered following 1.2 muT exposure relative to sham (3 increase, 7 decrease). These studies suggest a limited but complicated response in the glioma cells to the magnetic field treatment. JF - Toxicology mechanisms and methods AU - Savage, R E AU - Kanitz, M H AU - Lotz, W G AU - Conover, D AU - Hennessey, E M AU - Hanneman, W H AU - Witzmann, F A AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio, 45226. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 115 EP - 120 VL - 15 IS - 2 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/734201992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+mechanisms+and+methods&rft.atitle=Changes+in+gene+and+protein+expression+in+magnetic+field-treated+human+glioma+cells.&rft.au=Savage%2C+R+E%3BKanitz%2C+M+H%3BLotz%2C+W+G%3BConover%2C+D%3BHennessey%2C+E+M%3BHanneman%2C+W+H%3BWitzmann%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Savage&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+mechanisms+and+methods&rft.issn=1537-6524&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15376520590918829 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-10-02 N1 - Date created - 2009-12-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15376520590918829 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a lymph node proliferation assay for its ability to detect pharmaceuticals with potential to cause immune-mediated drug reactions. AN - 733748430; 18958655 AB - Hypersensitivity reactions to systemically administered drugs cannot be predicted using available preclinical models. This research is a collaborative project to evaluate the ability of the Lymph Node Proliferation Assay (LNPA) to predict systemic hypersensitivity caused by pharmaceuticals. The assay design is a modification of the Local Lymph Node Assay with the major modification being injection of the test substance subcutaneously to achieve a known systemic exposure to the drug. Fourteen compounds were evaluated in the LNPA. These were two clinically negative drugs (Metformin, phenobarbital), an assay positive control (streptozotocin), eight human hypersensitivity positive drugs (sulfamethoxazole, procainamide, clonidine, ofloxacin, nevirapine, abacavir, lamotrigine, zomepirac), and 3 investigational drugs (CM40874, CM40954 and CM40420), one of which caused hypersensitivity in primates. Hypersensitivity-positive drugs were classified as such based on at least two of three independent data sources: U.S. FDA postmarketing database, drug labeling information, and clinical trial data. All drugs were tested in multiple laboratories for a total of 2-12 evaluations per compound. The pure drug substance was used for testing if it could be obtained commercially, otherwise the marketed drug formulation was used. Neither of the negative control drugs showed a positive reaction in the test system. Four of the eight hypersensitivity positive drugs showed a mixed or positive reaction. Two of the three investigational compounds gave a positive response. A smaller number of LNPAs were run concurrently using footpad injection and evaluation of the popliteal lymph node and gave generally comparable results. Additional development may increase the reproducibility of the assay and facilitate detection of drugs that require metabolic activation to become allergenic, or drugs for which there is dose-limiting toxicity. The data suggest that this method might be useful as a first-line screen to identify candidate drugs that are more likely to cause a high prevalence of human drug hypersensitivity. JF - Journal of immunotoxicology AU - Weaver, James L AU - Chapdelaine, Joan M AU - Descotes, Jacques AU - Germolec, Dori AU - Holsapple, Mike AU - House, Robert AU - Lebrec, Herve AU - Meade, Jean AU - Pieters, Raymond AU - Hastings, Kenneth L AU - Dean, Jack H AD - Division of Applied Pharmacology Research, CDER, U.S. FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA. Y1 - 2005/01/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 01 SP - 11 EP - 20 VL - 2 IS - 1 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733748430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunotoxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+lymph+node+proliferation+assay+for+its+ability+to+detect+pharmaceuticals+with+potential+to+cause+immune-mediated+drug+reactions.&rft.au=Weaver%2C+James+L%3BChapdelaine%2C+Joan+M%3BDescotes%2C+Jacques%3BGermolec%2C+Dori%3BHolsapple%2C+Mike%3BHouse%2C+Robert%3BLebrec%2C+Herve%3BMeade%2C+Jean%3BPieters%2C+Raymond%3BHastings%2C+Kenneth+L%3BDean%2C+Jack+H&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunotoxicology&rft.issn=1547-6901&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15476910590930100 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-10-02 N1 - Date created - 2008-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15476910590930100 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead exposure as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. AN - 70173119; 16909025 AB - The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) likely involves an environmental component. We qualitatively assessed literature on ALS and lead exposure. Problems of study design make case reports and studies of lead in blood or tissues difficult to interpret. Most previous case-control studies found an association of ALS with self-reported occupational exposure to lead, with increased risks of 2- to >4-fold. However, these results may have been affected by recall bias. To address inconsistencies among published reports, we used both lead biomarkers and interview data to assess lead exposure, and we evaluated the role of genetic susceptibility to lead. We conducted a case-control study in New England in 1993-1996 with 109 ALS cases and 256 population-based controls. We measured blood and bone lead levels, the latter using X-ray fluorescence, and interviewed participants regarding sources of lead exposure. In our study, ALS was associated with self-reported occupational lead exposure, with a dose response for cumulative days of exposure. ALS was also associated with blood and bone lead levels, with a 1.9-fold increase in risk for each mug/dl increment in blood lead and a 2.3- to 3.6-fold increase for each doubling of bone lead. A polymorphism in the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase gene was associated with a 1.9-fold increase in ALS risk. These results, together with previous studies, suggest that lead exposure plays a role in the etiology of ALS. An increase in mobilization of lead from bone into blood may play a role in the acute onset of disease. JF - Neuro-degenerative diseases AU - Kamel, F AU - Umbach, D M AU - Hu, H AU - Munsat, T L AU - Shefner, J M AU - Taylor, J A AU - Sandler, D P AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. kamel@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 195 EP - 201 VL - 2 IS - 3-4 SN - 1660-2854, 1660-2854 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Porphobilinogen Synthase KW - EC 4.2.1.24 KW - Index Medicus KW - Polymorphism, Genetic KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Middle Aged KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Porphobilinogen Synthase -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lead -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Lead -- analysis KW - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70173119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuro-degenerative+diseases&rft.atitle=Lead+exposure+as+a+risk+factor+for+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis.&rft.au=Kamel%2C+F%3BUmbach%2C+D+M%3BHu%2C+H%3BMunsat%2C+T+L%3BShefner%2C+J+M%3BTaylor%2C+J+A%3BSandler%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Kamel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuro-degenerative+diseases&rft.issn=16602854&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-09-26 N1 - Date created - 2006-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Injuries to youth living on U.S. farms in 2001 with comparison to 1998. AN - 70158612; 16702120 AB - To obtain sustained injury surveillance data for youth on farms, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health developed the Childhood Agricultural Injury Survey (CAIS) in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The first CAIS collected data for youth less than 20 years in 1998 through a regionally stratified telephone survey of 50,000 U.S. farm households; a second CAIS for 2001 was conducted using the same methodology. In 2001, there were approximately 1.2 million youth living on U.S. farms. These youth suffered an estimated 19,397 injuries (15.7/1,000 household youth). Approximately 60% (11,571) of the household youth injuries were to males. For all household youth, 10-15 year olds experienced the most injuries (49%, 9,486). In addition to providing estimates of demographics, injuries, and injury rates for household youth from the 2001 CAIS, this article provides a comparison to results from the 1998 CAIS. The number of household youth injuries on farms from 1998 to 2001 decreased by almost 30% (27,321 vs. 19,397). The results of this study show an overall decrease in the injury rate for youth living on the farm from 1998 to 2001 (18.8/1,000 household youth vs. 15.7/1,000 household youth). However, there was a considerable increase in the number of injuries to household females less than 20 years of age during this same time period. There was also an increase in the number of all terrain vehicle (ATV) and horse-related injuries. Continued surveillance is needed to assess if these are significant trends or the result of changing farm demographics. JF - Journal of agromedicine AU - Hendricks, Kitty J AU - Layne, Larry A AU - Goldcamp, E Michael AU - Myers, John R AD - Division of Safety Research, Surveillance and Field Investigations Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. khendricks@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 19 EP - 26 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 1059-924X, 1059-924X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Age Factors KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Horses KW - Child KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Accidents, Occupational KW - Male KW - Female KW - Agriculture KW - Wounds and Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Health -- statistics & numerical data KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Motor Vehicles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70158612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agromedicine&rft.atitle=Injuries+to+youth+living+on+U.S.+farms+in+2001+with+comparison+to+1998.&rft.au=Hendricks%2C+Kitty+J%3BLayne%2C+Larry+A%3BGoldcamp%2C+E+Michael%3BMyers%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Hendricks&rft.aufirst=Kitty&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agromedicine&rft.issn=1059924X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-22 N1 - Date created - 2006-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Agromedicine. 2005;10(4):3-4 [16702117] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring the health consequences of alcohol consumption: current needs and methodological challenges. AN - 70150784; 16508279 AB - Extensive research has shown that alcohol consumption leads to poor health and premature death through its causal or contributing roles in numerous chronic health conditions and acute health outcomes, including various cancers, liver disease, and injuries. Paradoxically, advances in understanding of the causal associations between alcohol consumption and various conditions have complicated our ability to discern trends in the health consequences of alcohol consumption over time. Four distinct needs for information on alcohol's role in causing adverse health outcomes are identified. Estimates of alcohol-attributable mortality from two US studies are compared and differences identified. Differences in the conditions included and alcohol-attributable fractions employed accounted for large differences in the estimated alcohol-attributable mortality for several health outcomes. Despite the broad consensus on many health consequences of alcohol consumption, further research is needed to clarify the conditions that are caused by alcohol consumption, magnitudes of causal relationships, and effects of different patterns of consumption and individual characteristics. Comparisons over time are needed to identify areas where improvements in public health may be occurring or are most needed, to support evaluation of specific interventions, and to encourage the public awareness of alcohol problems that is necessary to change attitudes and behaviors involving alcohol consumption. Copyright 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel. JF - Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland) AU - Bloss, Gregory AD - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892-9304, USA. gbloss@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 162 EP - 169 VL - 23 IS - 3-4 SN - 0257-2753, 0257-2753 KW - Index Medicus KW - Severity of Illness Index KW - Humans KW - Health Status KW - Aged KW - Needs Assessment KW - Age Distribution KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Sex Distribution KW - Female KW - Male KW - Survival Analysis KW - Alcohol-Related Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Alcohol Drinking -- adverse effects KW - Alcohol-Related Disorders -- prevention & control KW - Health Education -- organization & administration KW - Cause of Death KW - Alcohol-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70150784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Digestive+diseases+%28Basel%2C+Switzerland%29&rft.atitle=Measuring+the+health+consequences+of+alcohol+consumption%3A+current+needs+and+methodological+challenges.&rft.au=Bloss%2C+Gregory&rft.aulast=Bloss&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Digestive+diseases+%28Basel%2C+Switzerland%29&rft.issn=02572753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-07-07 N1 - Date created - 2006-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of consumer food preparation on acrylamide formation. AN - 69087850; 16438318 AB - Acrylamide is formed in high-carbohydrate foods during high temperature processes such as frying, baking, roasting and extrusion. Although acrylamide is known to form during industrial processing of food, high levels of the chemical have been found in home-cooked foods, mainly potato- and grain-based products. This chapter will focus on the effects of cooking conditions (e.g. time/temperature) on acrylamide formation in consumer-prepared foods, the use of surface color (browning) as an indicator of acrylamide levels in some foods, and methods for reducing acrylamide levels in home-prepared foods. As with commercially processed foods, acrylamide levels in home-prepared foods tend to increase with cooking time and temperature. In experiments conducted at the NCFST, we found that acrylamide levels in cooked food depended greatly on the cooking conditions and the degree of "doneness", as measured by the level of surface browning. For example, French fries fried at 150-190 degrees C for up to 10 min had acrylamide levels of 55 to 2130 microg/kg (wet weight), with the highest levels in the most processed (highest frying times/temperatures) and the most highly browned fries. Similarly, more acrylamide was formed in "dark" toasted bread slices (43.7-610.7 microg/kg wet weight), than "light" (8.27-217.5 microg/kg) or "medium" (10.9-213.7 microg/kg) toasted slices. Analysis of the surface color by colorimetry indicated that some components of surface color ("a" and "L" values) correlated highly with acrylamide levels. This indicates that the degree of surface browning could be used as an indicator of acrylamide formation during cooking. Soaking raw potato slices in water before frying was effective at reducing acrylamide levels in French fries. Additional studies are needed to develop practical methods for reducing acrylamide formation in home-prepared foods without changing the acceptability of these foods. JF - Advances in experimental medicine and biology AU - Jackson, Lauren S AU - Al-Taher, Fadwa AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Food Safety and Technology (NCFST), 6502 S. Archer Rd., Summit-Argo, IL 60501, USA. Lauren.Jackson@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 447 EP - 465 VL - 561 SN - 0065-2598, 0065-2598 KW - Acrylamides KW - 0 KW - Carbohydrates KW - Acrylamide KW - 20R035KLCI KW - Index Medicus KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Hot Temperature KW - Acrylamides -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Plant Tubers -- chemistry KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - Cooking KW - Temperature KW - Food Industry KW - Food Contamination KW - Models, Chemical KW - Time Factors KW - Carbohydrates -- analysis KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Food Handling KW - Acrylamide -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69087850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+experimental+medicine+and+biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+consumer+food+preparation+on+acrylamide+formation.&rft.au=Jackson%2C+Lauren+S%3BAl-Taher%2C+Fadwa&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=561&rft.issue=&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+experimental+medicine+and+biology&rft.issn=00652598&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-27 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis and recommendations for agency action regarding nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and cardiovascular risk. AN - 69085615; 16431839 AB - On April 6, 2005, the Directors of the Office of New Drugs and the Office of Pharmacoepidemiology and Statistical Science at the U. S. Food and Drug Administration posted the following information on the FDA website pertaining to analysis and recommendations for FDA action regarding nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cardiovascular risk. JF - Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy AU - U.S. Food and Drug Administration AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 83 EP - 97 VL - 19 IS - 4 SN - 1536-0288, 1536-0288 KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal KW - 0 KW - Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors KW - Nonprescription Drugs KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors -- standards KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Nonprescription Drugs -- standards KW - Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Product Labeling -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Product Surveillance, Postmarketing -- standards KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- standards KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- adverse effects KW - Cardiovascular Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69085615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+pain+%26+palliative+care+pharmacotherapy&rft.atitle=Analysis+and+recommendations+for+agency+action+regarding+nonsteroidal+antiinflammatory+drugs+and+cardiovascular+risk.&rft.au=U.S.+Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aulast=U.S.+Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+pain+%26+palliative+care+pharmacotherapy&rft.issn=15360288&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-07-14 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human alpha class glutathione S-transferases: genetic polymorphism, expression, and susceptibility to disease. AN - 69058930; 16399377 AB - The human alpha class glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) consist of 5 genes, hGSTA1-hGSTA5, and 7 pseudogenes on chromosome 6p12.1-6p12.2. hGSTA1-hGSTA4 have been well characterized as proteins, but hGSTA5 has not been detected as a gene product. hGSTA1-1 (and to a lesser extent hGSTA2-2) catalyzes the GSH-dependent detoxification of carcinogenic metabolites of environmental pollutants and tobacco smoke (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon diolepoxides) and several alkylating chemotherapeutic agents and has peroxidase activity toward fatty acid hydroperoxides (FA-OOH) and phosphatidyl FA-OOH. hGSTA3-3 has high activity for the GSH-dependent Delta(5)-Delta(4) isomerization of steroids, and hGSTA4-4 has high activity for the GSH conjugation of 4-hydroxynonenal. hGSTA4 is expressed in many tissues; hGSTA1-1 and hGSTA2-2 are expressed at high levels in liver, intestine, kidney, adrenal gland, and testis; and hGSTA3 is expressed in steroidogenic tissues. Functional, allelic, single nucleotide polymorphisms occur in an SP1-binding element of hGSTA1 and in the coding regions of hGSTA2 and hGSTA3. The main effects of these polymorphisms are the low hepatic expression of hGSTA1 in individuals homozygous for hGSTA1*B and the low specific activity of the hGSTA2E-2E variant toward FA-OOH. These properties suggest that alpha class GSTs will be involved in susceptibility to diseases with an environmental component (such as cancer, asthma, and cardiovascular disease) and in response to chemotherapy. Although hGSTM1, hGSTT1, and hGSTP1 have been associated with such diseases (on the basis of genetic polymorphisms as indicators of expression), alpha class GSTs have been little studied in this respect. Nevertheless, hGSTA1*B has been associated with increased susceptibility to colorectal cancer and with increased efficacy of chemotherapy for breast cancer. Methods for identification and quantitation of human alpha class GST protein, mRNA, and genotype are reviewed, and the potential for GST-alpha in plasma to be used as a marker for hepatic expression and induction is discussed. JF - Methods in enzymology AU - Coles, Brian F AU - Kadlubar, Fred F AD - Division of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Epidemiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 9 EP - 42 VL - 401 SN - 0076-6879, 0076-6879 KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - glutathione S-transferase alpha KW - Index Medicus KW - Genotype KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Polymorphism, Genetic KW - Glutathione Transferase -- metabolism KW - Glutathione Transferase -- genetics KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Isoenzymes -- genetics KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69058930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Methods+in+enzymology&rft.atitle=Human+alpha+class+glutathione+S-transferases%3A+genetic+polymorphism%2C+expression%2C+and+susceptibility+to+disease.&rft.au=Coles%2C+Brian+F%3BKadlubar%2C+Fred+F&rft.aulast=Coles&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=401&rft.issue=&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Methods+in+enzymology&rft.issn=00766879&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-06 N1 - Date created - 2006-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bremsstrahlung doses from natural uranium ingots. AN - 69047657; 16381733 AB - In the past, some privately owned commercial facilities in the United States were involved in producing or processing radioactive materials used in the production of atomic weapons. Seven different geometrical objects, representative of the configurations of natural uranium metal potentially encountered by workers at these facilities, are modelled to determine gamma ray and bremsstrahlung dose rates. The dose rates are calculated using the MCNP5 code and also by using the MICROSHIELD point-kernel code. Both gamma ray and bremsstrahlung dose rates are calculated and combined to obtain a total dose rate. The two methods were found to be in good agreement despite differences in modelling assumptions and method differences. Computed total dose rates on the surface of these objects ranged from approximately 51-84 microSv h(-1) and 17-95 microSv h(-1) using the MCNP5 and the MICROSHIELD modeling, respectively. The partitioning of the computed dose rates between gamma rays and bremsstrahlung were the same order of magnitude for each object. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Anderson, Jeri L AU - Hertel, Nolan E AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA. JLAnderson@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 298 EP - 301 VL - 115 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Computer Simulation KW - Photons KW - Gamma Rays KW - Risk Factors KW - Nuclear Warfare KW - Humans KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Models, Statistical KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Uranium -- analysis KW - Nuclear Reactors KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69047657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Bremsstrahlung+doses+from+natural+uranium+ingots.&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Jeri+L%3BHertel%2C+Nolan+E&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Jeri&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-03-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unique occupational hazards of Alaska: animal-related injuries. AN - 68912617; 16366198 AB - During 1992-2000, an average of 40 fatal occupational injuries and 12,400 nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses related to animals were recorded each year in the United States, most involving domestic farm animals. Although Alaska has a relatively small farming industry, it supports several industries that require workers to regularly be in contact with animals. This study examines the pattern and characteristics of animal-related occupational injuries in Alaska. Two data sources were accessed: the Alaska Trauma Registry for nonfatal injuries requiring hospitalization and the Alaska Occupational Injury Surveillance System for fatal injuries. The case definition included events in which the source of the injury was an animal or animal product (Occupational Injury and Illness Classification Manual source code 51). In Alaska during 1991-2000, there were 43 animal-related occupational injuries requiring hospitalization and 25 animal-related fatalities. There were only 2 fatal events: 1 bird-strike aircraft accident killing 24 military personnel and 1 bear attack. The majority of the nonfatal injury events were related to marine wildlife (n = 20), with the rest related to either domesticated (n = 11) or nondomesticated (n = 12) mammals. Of events reporting a hospital charge (23 of 43), the average cost was over dollar 9700 per person. The catastrophic aircraft crash increased bird-control efforts near airports around the state. The nonfatal animal-related injuries have received less notice, although they result in thousands of dollars in hospital costs and lost workdays. Fishing-industry workers in particular should be made aware of potential injuries and educated on how to treat them when away from definitive medical care. JF - Wilderness & environmental medicine AU - Mode, Nicolle A AU - Hackett, Elizabeth J AU - Conway, George A AD - Alaska Field Station, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA. nmode@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 185 EP - 191 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1080-6032, 1080-6032 KW - Index Medicus KW - Registries KW - Animals KW - Hospitalization KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Accidents, Aviation -- mortality KW - Alaska KW - Aggression KW - Cause of Death KW - Wounds and Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Ursidae KW - Accidents, Occupational -- statistics & numerical data KW - Birds KW - Accidents, Occupational -- mortality KW - Wounds and Injuries -- mortality KW - Behavior, Animal KW - Population Surveillance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68912617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wilderness+%26+environmental+medicine&rft.atitle=Unique+occupational+hazards+of+Alaska%3A+animal-related+injuries.&rft.au=Mode%2C+Nicolle+A%3BHackett%2C+Elizabeth+J%3BConway%2C+George+A&rft.aulast=Mode&rft.aufirst=Nicolle&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wilderness+%26+environmental+medicine&rft.issn=10806032&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-03-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of daidzein, genistein, and 17beta-estradiol on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mutagenicity and uterine dysplasia in ovariectomized rats. AN - 68890164; 16351510 AB - Phytoestrogens, primarily isoflavones daidzein (DZ) and genistein (GE), are increasingly used by postmenopausal women as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy due to reports that estrogen therapy increases the risk of breast and endometrial cancers. These compounds, as estrogen receptor agonists, may influence chemical carcinogenesis in estrogen-responsive tissues such as the uterus. We utilized ovariectomized (OVX) rats to model menopause and assessed the effects of dietary DZ, GE, or 17beta-estradiol (E2) on carcinogen-induced mutagenesis and carcinogenesis in the rat uterus. Big Blue transgenic rats (derived from Fischer 344 strain) were exposed to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in the presence or absence of the supplements. At 16- or 20-wk sacrifice, the uteri were removed and processed to determine mutant frequencies (MFs) and immunohistochemical or histopathological parameters, respectively. In rats treated with DMBA alone, a significant increase in lacI MFs (P < 0.01) in both OVX and intact (INT) rats was observed. The DMBA-induced MFs were not significantly altered by dietary DZ, GE, or E2 in both OVX and INT rats. Although dysplasia was not induced in the uterus of OVX and INT rats treated with DMBA alone, it was detected in 55% of OVX rats fed E2 alone and in 100% of OVX rats fed E2 along with DMBA exposure. Cell proliferation also was significantly higher in OVX rats fed E2 and treated with DMBA. In rats fed the isoflavones and treated with DMBA, the incidence of dysplasia was either reduced or virtually absent in both OVX and INT groups. These results indicate that a high incidence of dysplasia was associated with E2 feeding with or without DMBA treatment in the OVX rats, whereas the incidence was low in rats fed DZ or GE and treated with DMBA, suggesting a weak estrogen receptor agonist of DZ or GE in the rat uterus. The absence of dysplasia in OVX rats exposed to DMBA alone also suggests, in part, a promotional mechanism via estrogen- or isoflavone-driven cell proliferation. JF - Nutrition and cancer AU - Aidoo, Anane AU - Bishop, Michelle E AU - Shelton, Sharon D AU - Lyn-Cook, Lascelles E AU - Chen, Tao AU - Manjanatha, Mugimane G AD - FDA Jefferson Laboratories, National Center for Toxicological Research, Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, Arkansas 72079, USA. aaidoo@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 82 EP - 90 VL - 53 IS - 1 SN - 0163-5581, 0163-5581 KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes KW - 0 KW - Isoflavones KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - 7,12-dihydroxymethylbenz(a)anthracene KW - 2564-65-0 KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - daidzein KW - 6287WC5J2L KW - Genistein KW - DH2M523P0H KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred BB KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Drug Interactions KW - Ovariectomy KW - Animals, Genetically Modified KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes -- toxicity KW - Mutation KW - Female KW - Cell Division KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Isoflavones -- pharmacology KW - Genistein -- pharmacology KW - Estradiol -- pharmacology KW - Uterus -- pathology KW - Uterus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68890164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nutrition+and+cancer&rft.atitle=Effects+of+daidzein%2C+genistein%2C+and+17beta-estradiol+on+7%2C12-dimethylbenz%5Ba%5Danthracene-induced+mutagenicity+and+uterine+dysplasia+in+ovariectomized+rats.&rft.au=Aidoo%2C+Anane%3BBishop%2C+Michelle+E%3BShelton%2C+Sharon+D%3BLyn-Cook%2C+Lascelles+E%3BChen%2C+Tao%3BManjanatha%2C+Mugimane+G&rft.aulast=Aidoo&rft.aufirst=Anane&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nutrition+and+cancer&rft.issn=01635581&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-06-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of non-fatal and fatal injury rates for mine operator and contractor employees and the influence of work location. AN - 68873739; 16300792 AB - Mining injury surveillance data are used as the basis for assessing the severity of injuries among operator and contractor employees in the underground and surface mining of various minerals. Injury rates during 1983-2002 derived from Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) database are analyzed using the negative binomial regression model. The logarithmic mean injury rate is expressed as a linear function of seven indicator variables representing Non-Coal Contractor, Metal Operator, Non Metal Operator, Stone Operator, Sand and Gravel Operator, Coal Contractor, and Work Location, and a continuous variable, RelYear, representing the relative year starting with 1983 as the base year. Based on the model, the mean injury rate declined at a 1.69% annual rate, and the mean injury rate for work on the surface is 52.53% lower compared to the rate for work in the underground. With reference to the Coal Operator mean injury rate: the Non-Coal Contractor rate is 30.34% lower, the Metal Operator rate is 27.18% lower, the Non-Metal Operator rate is 37.51% lower, the Stone Operator rate is 23.44% lower, the Sand and Gravel Operator rate is 16.45% lower, and the Coal Contractor rate is 1.41% lower. Fatality rates during the same 20 year period are analyzed similarly using Poisson regression model. Based on this model, the mean fatality rate declined at a 3.17% annual rate, and the rate for work on the surface is 64.3% lower compared to the rate for work in the underground. With reference to the Coal Operator mean fatality rate: the Non-Coal Contractor rate is 234.81% higher, the Metal Operator rate is 5.79% lower, the Non-Metal Operator rate is 47.36% lower, the Stone Operator rate is 8.29% higher, the Sand and Gravel Operator rate is 60.32% higher, and the Coal Contractor rate is 129.54% higher. JF - Journal of safety research AU - Karra, Vijia K AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 18070, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA. vkarra@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 413 EP - 421 VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0022-4375, 0022-4375 KW - Index Medicus KW - Regression Analysis KW - Humans KW - Databases as Topic KW - Models, Statistical KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Wounds and Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Accidents, Occupational -- statistics & numerical data KW - Mining KW - Accidents, Occupational -- mortality KW - Wounds and Injuries -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68873739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+safety+research&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+non-fatal+and+fatal+injury+rates+for+mine+operator+and+contractor+employees+and+the+influence+of+work+location.&rft.au=Karra%2C+Vijia+K&rft.aulast=Karra&rft.aufirst=Vijia&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+safety+research&rft.issn=00224375&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-07-25 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FDA perspectives on supplement use by patients on antithrombotic therapy: dietary supplement regulatory overview. AN - 68770892; 16253311 JF - Thrombosis research AU - Woo, Jason J Y AD - Division of Dietary Supplement Programs, Office of Nutritional Products, Labeling and Dietary Supplements, Food and Drug Administration, Room 4D032, CPK1 College Park, MD 20740, USA. jason.woo@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 193 EP - 6; discussion 201-7 VL - 117 IS - 1-2 SN - 0049-3848, 0049-3848 KW - Fibrinolytic Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Government Regulation KW - Humans KW - Legislation, Drug KW - Fibrinolytic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Approval -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Drug Interactions KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Fibrinolytic Agents -- adverse effects KW - Drug Labeling -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Dietary Supplements -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68770892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thrombosis+research&rft.atitle=FDA+perspectives+on+supplement+use+by+patients+on+antithrombotic+therapy%3A+dietary+supplement+regulatory+overview.&rft.au=Woo%2C+Jason+J+Y&rft.aulast=Woo&rft.aufirst=Jason+J&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Thrombosis+research&rft.issn=00493848&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FDA perspectives on supplement use by patients on antithrombotic therapy. AN - 68770248; 16188297 JF - Thrombosis research AU - Kim, Myong-Jin AD - Office of Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmaceutics, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, HFD-870, Rockville, MD 20857, USA. KIMMYO@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 197 EP - 200; discussion 201-7 VL - 117 IS - 1-2 SN - 0049-3848, 0049-3848 KW - Fibrinolytic Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Government Regulation KW - Humans KW - Legislation, Drug KW - Fibrinolytic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Approval -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Drug Interactions KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Fibrinolytic Agents -- adverse effects KW - Drug Labeling -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Dietary Supplements -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68770248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thrombosis+research&rft.atitle=FDA+perspectives+on+supplement+use+by+patients+on+antithrombotic+therapy.&rft.au=Kim%2C+Myong-Jin&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Myong-Jin&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Thrombosis+research&rft.issn=00493848&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computer simulations help determine safe vertical boom speeds for roof bolting in underground coal mines. AN - 68751604; 16229858 AB - Incident investigation reports do not usually contain enough information to aid in studying boom arm vertical speed for roof bolting machines to determine the impact that appendage speed had on an operator's risk of experiencing a contact. Laboratory experiments with human subjects are also not feasible because of safety and ethical issues. Researchers successfully developed a three-dimensional computer model that uses virtual human simulation software as the primary means to gather contact data when the boom arm touches the operator's hand, arm, head, or leg. Data analysis of roof bolter simulations shows that the speed of the boom arm is the most important factor in determining the risk of an operator making contact. Regardless of other variables, contact incidents were always greater when the bolter arm was moving up, greater on the hand, and greater for the boom arm part of the machine. The reason why the subject experiences more contacts when the boom arm is moving up rather than down is that more risky behaviors occur during drilling and bolting when the boom arm is ascending. Based on the data collected, boom speeds greater than 13 in/sec result in a substantial increase in risk to the roof bolter operator of making contact. Speeds less than or equal to 13 in/sec are associated with a more modest relative risk of making contact, which represents a decrease in potential hazard. The use of such information can be quite helpful in making recommendations to machine design and task procedures to reduce the likelihood that roof bolter operators will experience injury due to contact with a moving roof bolting machine's boom arm. JF - Journal of safety research AU - Ambrose, Dean H AU - Bartels, John R AU - Kwitowski, August J AU - Gallagher, Sean AU - Battenhouse, Thomas R AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, United States. DAmbrose@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 387 EP - 397 VL - 36 IS - 4 SN - 0022-4375, 0022-4375 KW - Index Medicus KW - Motion KW - Humans KW - Wounds and Injuries -- prevention & control KW - User-Computer Interface KW - Posture KW - Coal Mining -- manpower KW - Computer Simulation KW - Coal Mining -- instrumentation KW - Construction Materials -- adverse effects KW - Safety KW - Facility Design and Construction KW - Accidents, Occupational UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68751604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+safety+research&rft.atitle=Computer+simulations+help+determine+safe+vertical+boom+speeds+for+roof+bolting+in+underground+coal+mines.&rft.au=Ambrose%2C+Dean+H%3BBartels%2C+John+R%3BKwitowski%2C+August+J%3BGallagher%2C+Sean%3BBattenhouse%2C+Thomas+R&rft.aulast=Ambrose&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+safety+research&rft.issn=00224375&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alligator attacks on humans in the United States. AN - 68661435; 16209465 AB - Encounters with alligators are increasing in the United States. Both severe injuries and fatalities can occur from an alligator attack. This study provides information on alligator attacks reported in the United States as well as infections that are commonly associated with alligator bites. In order to collect information on the number of alligator bites, nuisance calls, and estimated alligator population of each state, calls were made to wildlife offices in all southern US states, and an online search for lay press articles was performed. Detailed information was available from Florida and is presented regarding the types of injuries and the activities of the victims at the time of the injuries. From 1948 to August 1, 2004, 376 injuries and 15 deaths have been reported in the United States as a result of encounters with alligators. The number of nuisance calls as well as the alligator population is increasing. As the human population encroaches on the habitat of alligators, attacks and nuisance complaints increase. A uniform reporting system among states should be developed to obtain more complete information on alligator encounters. JF - Wilderness & environmental medicine AU - Langley, Ricky L AD - North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, 1912 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1912, USA. rick.langley@ncmail.net Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 119 EP - 124 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1080-6032, 1080-6032 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Child KW - Child, Preschool KW - Florida -- epidemiology KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Injury Severity Score KW - Bites and Stings -- etiology KW - Bites and Stings -- pathology KW - Alligators and Crocodiles KW - Bites and Stings -- mortality KW - Bites and Stings -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68661435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wilderness+%26+environmental+medicine&rft.atitle=Alligator+attacks+on+humans+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Langley%2C+Ricky+L&rft.aulast=Langley&rft.aufirst=Ricky&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wilderness+%26+environmental+medicine&rft.issn=10806032&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methadone dosage and retention: an examination of the 60 mg/day threshold. AN - 68625625; 16186081 AB - A National Institutes of Health (NIH) expert panel has mentioned a daily methadone dose of at least 60 mg as a best practice in methadone maintenance. The focus of this research is to estimate the percentage of outpatient methadone clients receiving this level of methadone and examine the association between treatment retention and level of methadone dosage as recommended by the NIH expert panel. A sample of 428 methadone clients discharged from methadone treatment facilities from the Alcohol and Drug Services Study (ADSS) was used, representing 109,973 methadone clients nationally. It was estimated that more than two-thirds of methadone clients nationally were receiving below 60 mg/day. While controlling for a number of client and organizational variables, a daily methadone dose of 60 mg/day or above was found to be associated with longer retention in treatment. Exploring factors affecting the utilization of the recommended daily methadone dose remains an important issue in effective delivery of methadone treatment. JF - Journal of addictive diseases AU - Brady, Thomas M AU - Salvucci, Sameena AU - Sverdlov, Lev S AU - Male, Alisa AU - Kyeyune, Hannah AU - Sikali, Emmanuel AU - DeSale, Sameer AU - Yu, Ping AD - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies, Rockville, MD 20857, USA. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 23 EP - 47 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 1055-0887, 1055-0887 KW - Narcotics KW - 0 KW - Methadone KW - UC6VBE7V1Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Substance Abuse Treatment Centers -- statistics & numerical data KW - Ambulatory Care -- statistics & numerical data KW - Adult KW - Critical Pathways KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Long-Term Care -- statistics & numerical data KW - Middle Aged KW - Statistics as Topic KW - Female KW - Male KW - Methadone -- adverse effects KW - Opioid-Related Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Patient Dropouts -- statistics & numerical data KW - Opioid-Related Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Narcotics -- adverse effects KW - Narcotics -- administration & dosage KW - Methadone -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68625625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+addictive+diseases&rft.atitle=Methadone+dosage+and+retention%3A+an+examination+of+the+60+mg%2Fday+threshold.&rft.au=Brady%2C+Thomas+M%3BSalvucci%2C+Sameena%3BSverdlov%2C+Lev+S%3BMale%2C+Alisa%3BKyeyune%2C+Hannah%3BSikali%2C+Emmanuel%3BDeSale%2C+Sameer%3BYu%2C+Ping&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+addictive+diseases&rft.issn=10550887&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-03 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Addict Dis. 2005;24(3):1-6 [16186079] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of reporting of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in association with selective COX-2 inhibitors. AN - 68618901; 16180941 AB - Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are closely related severe acute life-threatening, drug-induced skin disorders. The US FDA Adverse Events Reporting System (AERS) has received reports of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with the use of the recently introduced selective cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor NSAIDs, two of which are also sulfonamides. The objective of this study is to review cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis reported to the FDA associated with the use of the selective COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs celecoxib, rofecoxib and valdecoxib, and to compare reporting rates of the two conditions associated with these drugs to each other, meloxicam (an oxicam NSAID that came on the US market at a similar time) and the background incidence rate. We reviewed all US cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis reported to the FDA AERS database associated with the use of celecoxib, rofecoxib, valdecoxib and meloxicam since these agents were first marketed. We utilised AERS and drug use data to calculate reporting rates for each drug after the first 2 years of marketing. We obtained the background rate from the medical literature. Up to the end of March 2004, there were 63 cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis reported with valdecoxib use, 43 with celecoxib, 17 with rofecoxib (the non-sulfonamide coxib) and none for meloxicam. In the first 2 years of marketing the reporting rate for Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis with valdecoxib was 49 cases per million person-years of use, 6 cases per million person-years for celecoxib and 3 cases per million person-years for rofecoxib. The reporting rates for the sulfonamide coxibs were substantially higher than the background rate of 1.9 cases per million population per year, with the valdecoxib rate being 8-9 times that of celecoxib and approximately 25 times that of the background rate. There is a strong association between Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis and the use of the sulfonamide COX-2 inhibitors, particularly valdecoxib. Physicians should be aware of the possibility of this serious life-threatening event when prescribing these drugs and advise patients to discontinue use at the earliest possible sign or symptom. JF - Drug safety AU - La Grenade, Lois AU - Lee, Lauren AU - Weaver, Joyce AU - Bonnel, Renan AU - Karwoski, Claudia AU - Governale, Laura AU - Brinker, Allen AD - Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA. lagrenadel@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 917 EP - 924 VL - 28 IS - 10 SN - 0114-5916, 0114-5916 KW - Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Isoxazoles KW - Lactones KW - Pyrazoles KW - Sulfonamides KW - Sulfones KW - rofecoxib KW - 0QTW8Z7MCR KW - valdecoxib KW - 2919279Q3W KW - Celecoxib KW - JCX84Q7J1L KW - Index Medicus KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lactones -- adverse effects KW - Sulfones -- adverse effects KW - Sulfonamides -- adverse effects KW - Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Isoxazoles -- adverse effects KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems KW - Stevens-Johnson Syndrome -- chemically induced KW - Stevens-Johnson Syndrome -- etiology KW - Pyrazoles -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68618901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+safety&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+reporting+of+Stevens-Johnson+syndrome+and+toxic+epidermal+necrolysis+in+association+with+selective+COX-2+inhibitors.&rft.au=La+Grenade%2C+Lois%3BLee%2C+Lauren%3BWeaver%2C+Joyce%3BBonnel%2C+Renan%3BKarwoski%2C+Claudia%3BGovernale%2C+Laura%3BBrinker%2C+Allen&rft.aulast=La+Grenade&rft.aufirst=Lois&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+safety&rft.issn=01145916&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-20 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Height effects in real and virtual environments. AN - 68604009; 16170948 AB - The study compared human perceptions of height, danger, and anxiety, as well as skin conductance and heart rate responses and postural instability effects, in real and virtual height environments. The 24 participants (12 men, 12 women), whose average age was 23.6 years, performed "lean-over-the-railing" and standing tasks on real and comparable virtual balconies, using a surround-screen virtual reality (SSVR) system. The results indicate that the virtual display of elevation provided realistic perceptual experience and induced some physiological responses and postural instability effects comparable to those found in a real environment. It appears that a simulation of elevated work environment in a SSVR system, although with reduced visual fidelity, is a valid tool for safety research. Potential applications of this study include the design of virtual environments that will help in safe evaluation of human performance at elevation, identification of risk factors leading to fall incidents, and assessment of new fall prevention strategies. JF - Human factors AU - Simeonov, Peter I AU - Hsiao, Hongwei AU - Dotson, Brian W AU - Ammons, Douglas E AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA. psimeonov@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 430 EP - 438 VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0018-7208, 0018-7208 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Postural Balance KW - Human Engineering KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Anxiety -- physiopathology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Accidents, Occupational -- prevention & control KW - Computer Simulation KW - Accidental Falls -- prevention & control KW - User-Computer Interface KW - Depth Perception -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68604009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+factors&rft.atitle=Height+effects+in+real+and+virtual+environments.&rft.au=Simeonov%2C+Peter+I%3BHsiao%2C+Hongwei%3BDotson%2C+Brian+W%3BAmmons%2C+Douglas+E&rft.aulast=Simeonov&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=430&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+factors&rft.issn=00187208&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-15 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding prevention effectiveness in real-world settings: the National Cross-Site Evaluation of high risk youth programs. AN - 68577767; 16161731 AB - The National Cross-Site Evaluation is a large multisite evaluation (MSE) of 48 substance abuse prevention programs, 5,934 youth participating in programs, and 4,539 comparison youth programs. Data included a self-report questionnaire administered at 4 points in time, detailed dosage data on over 217,000 program contacts, and detailed site visit information. In a pooled analysis, the programs did not demonstrate significant positive effects on a composite outcome measure of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use in the previous 30 days. However, disaggregated analyses indicated that 1) sites in which comparison groups had strong opportunity to participate in prevention programs suppressed observed effects; 2) youth who had already started using before they entered programs reduced use significantly more than comparison youth who had started using; and 3) both males and females who participated in programs significantly reduced use relative to comparisons, but in very different patterns. Combining these patterns produced an apparent null effect. Finally, programs that incorporated at least 4 out of 5 effective intervention characteristics identified in the study significantly reduced use for both males and females relative to comparison youth. The lessons produced by this study attest to the value of MSE designs as a source of applicable knowledge about prevention interventions. JF - The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse AU - Sambrano, Soledad AU - Springer, J Fred AU - Sale, Elizabeth AU - Kasim, Rafa AU - Hermann, Jack AD - Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Rockville, Maryland, USA. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 491 EP - 513 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0095-2990, 0095-2990 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Marijuana Smoking -- epidemiology KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Program Evaluation KW - Child KW - Alcohol Drinking -- prevention & control KW - Smoking -- prevention & control KW - Alcohol Drinking -- epidemiology KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Smoking -- epidemiology KW - Marijuana Smoking -- prevention & control KW - Male KW - Female KW - Outcome Assessment (Health Care) KW - Adolescent Health Services KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- prevention & control KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68577767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+drug+and+alcohol+abuse&rft.atitle=Understanding+prevention+effectiveness+in+real-world+settings%3A+the+National+Cross-Site+Evaluation+of+high+risk+youth+programs.&rft.au=Sambrano%2C+Soledad%3BSpringer%2C+J+Fred%3BSale%2C+Elizabeth%3BKasim%2C+Rafa%3BHermann%2C+Jack&rft.aulast=Sambrano&rft.aufirst=Soledad&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+drug+and+alcohol+abuse&rft.issn=00952990&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Topical antiseptics in healthcare. AN - 68537495; 16134476 AB - Topical antiseptics are essential for infection control. Antiseptic formulations employ a variety of mechanisms, act at various rates and persistence intervals, demonstrate various levels of toxicity, and are more or less likely to trigger resistance. The desired characteristics are considered when selecting antiseptics for hand washing, surgical scrubbing, and patient preoperative skin preparation. The selection process requires evidence of product safety and efficacy. This article explores currently available topical antimicrobial agents used in medical settings. JF - Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology AU - Jackson, Michelle M AD - Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, USA. jacksonm@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 160 EP - 169 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0894-959X, 0894-959X KW - Anti-Infective Agents, Local KW - 0 KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - Anti-Infective Agents, Local -- classification KW - Health KW - Disease Transmission, Infectious -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68537495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+laboratory+science+%3A+journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Medical+Technology&rft.atitle=Topical+antiseptics+in+healthcare.&rft.au=Jackson%2C+Michelle+M&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+laboratory+science+%3A+journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Medical+Technology&rft.issn=0894959X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-20 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developments in food and drug law. AN - 68471728; 16097088 JF - Food and drug law journal AU - Masoudi, Gerald F AD - Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Rockville, MD, USA. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 107 EP - 116 VL - 60 IS - 2 SN - 1064-590X, 1064-590X KW - Drugs, Generic KW - 0 KW - Plant Preparations KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - Meat Products -- standards KW - Documentation KW - Animals KW - Chickens KW - Cattle KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Plant Preparations -- therapeutic use KW - Product Labeling -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Plant Preparations -- adverse effects KW - Salmonella Infections KW - Humans KW - Food Handling -- methods KW - United States Department of Agriculture KW - Phytotherapy -- adverse effects KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Bioterrorism -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Egg Shell -- microbiology KW - Drug Compounding KW - Bioterrorism -- prevention & control KW - Ephedra -- adverse effects KW - Dietary Supplements -- adverse effects KW - Legislation, Drug KW - Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome -- prevention & control KW - Legislation, Food KW - Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68471728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+drug+law+journal&rft.atitle=Developments+in+food+and+drug+law.&rft.au=Masoudi%2C+Gerald+F&rft.aulast=Masoudi&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+drug+law+journal&rft.issn=1064590X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Consensus statement on the safety profile of topical calcineurin inhibitors. AN - 68456184; 16088148 JF - Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) AU - Bieber, T AU - Cork, M AU - Ellis, C AU - Girolomoni, G AU - Groves, R AU - Langley, R AU - Luger, T AU - Meurer, M AU - Murrell, D AU - Orlow, S AU - Paller, A AU - de Prost, Y AU - Puig, L AU - Ring, J AU - Saurat, J-H AU - Schwarz, T AU - Shear, N AU - Stingl, G AU - Taieb, A AU - Thestrup-Pedersen, K AU - Pediatric Advisory Committee of the Food and Drug Administration Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 2 EP - 78 KW - Calcineurin Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - pimecrolimus KW - 7KYV510875 KW - Tacrolimus KW - WM0HAQ4WNM KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Child KW - Administration, Topical KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Tacrolimus -- adverse effects KW - Tacrolimus -- therapeutic use KW - Tacrolimus -- analogs & derivatives KW - Dermatitis, Atopic -- drug therapy KW - Dermatitis, Atopic -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68456184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/TOXLINE&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bieber%2C+T%3BCork%2C+M%3BEllis%2C+C%3BGirolomoni%2C+G%3BGroves%2C+R%3BLangley%2C+R%3BLuger%2C+T%3BMeurer%2C+M%3BMurrell%2C+D%3BOrlow%2C+S%3BPaller%2C+A%3Bde+Prost%2C+Y%3BPuig%2C+L%3BRing%2C+J%3BSaurat%2C+J-H%3BSchwarz%2C+T%3BShear%2C+N%3BStingl%2C+G%3BTaieb%2C+A%3BThestrup-Pedersen%2C+K%3BPediatric+Advisory+Committee+of+the+Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft.aulast=Bieber&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Consensus+statement+on+the+safety+profile+of+topical+calcineurin+inhibitors.&rft.title=Consensus+statement+on+the+safety+profile+of+topical+calcineurin+inhibitors.&rft.issn=10188665&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Animal-related fatalities in the United States-an update. AN - 67964749; 15974255 AB - To evaluate the causes of human fatalities in the United States from 1991 to 2001 that were caused by venomous and nonvenomous animal encounters exclusive of zoonotic infections or animal-vehicle collisions. An inquiry of CDC Wonder, a database for epidemiologic research, was used to provide information on animal-related fatalities on the basis of ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. From 1991 to 2001, 1943 persons died in the United States after venomous and non-venomous animal encounters. An average of 177 fatalities per year were recorded. Venomous animal encounters were responsible for 39% of the fatalities. White males appear to be the group most likely to die from an encounter. Most fatalities occurred in the southern United States. Although the average number of fatalities from animal encounters has increased compared with the previous decade, the death rate has remained essentially unchanged. The medical and financial costs from both fatal and nonfatal animal encounters have a significant impact on public health. JF - Wilderness & environmental medicine AU - Langley, Ricky L AD - North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Public Health, Raleigh, NC 27699-1912, USA. rick.langley@ncmail.net Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 67 EP - 74 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1080-6032, 1080-6032 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Bees KW - Age Factors KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Snakes KW - Aged KW - Mortality -- trends KW - Child KW - Diagnosis-Related Groups -- statistics & numerical data KW - Child, Preschool KW - Rats KW - Infant KW - Adult KW - Databases, Factual KW - Dogs KW - Middle Aged KW - Spiders KW - Scorpions KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Bites and Stings -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67964749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wilderness+%26+environmental+medicine&rft.atitle=Animal-related+fatalities+in+the+United+States-an+update.&rft.au=Langley%2C+Ricky+L&rft.aulast=Langley&rft.aufirst=Ricky&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wilderness+%26+environmental+medicine&rft.issn=10806032&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-11 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reporting of deaths during pre-approval clinical trials for advanced HIV-infected populations. AN - 67943467; 15963004 AB - The Division of Antiviral Drug Products of the US FDA has regulatory authority over the investigational new drugs under development by various sponsors to treat HIV-infected populations. The FDA and the sponsors of investigational new drugs use the Code of Federal Regulations to guide the entire drug development process, in order to ensure that safe and efficacious drugs are brought to market. To achieve this goal, diligent monitoring for safety during the pre-approval phase of new drug development is particularly crucial. When deciding what adverse experiences on clinical trials should be expeditiously reported, the Division recommends a conservative interpretation of the Code of Federal Regulations, where an adverse experience in a clinical trial of advanced HIV-infected patients is considered to be 'associated with the use of the drug' when the relationship cannot be ruled out with objective evidence. Fatal adverse experiences for subjects on clinical trials should be especially scrutinised. Safety reporting should be expedited when death occurs during clinical trials of advanced HIV-infected populations. The three components of an expedited reportable death occurrence, namely 'serious', 'unexpected' and 'associated with the drug use' as they relate to advanced HIV-infected populations, are discussed in this article. An occurrence of death is by definition serious. Unexpected experiences are unlisted adverse experiences, but need to be put into the context of specificity and severity. 'Associated with the drug use' has been clarified as 'relationship to the drug cannot be ruled out'. Because death in the advanced HIV-infected/AIDS population is usually a complex event, the possible contribution of the study drug is difficult to rule out. Thus, if the three components of the reporting requirement are met or insufficient information is available to make a firm determination of causality by the seventh day of the reporting period, the Division of Antiviral Drug Products expects expedited death reports on subjects participating in investigational new drug clinical studies. JF - Drug safety AU - Johann-Liang, Rosemary AU - James, Andrea N AU - Behr, Virginia L AU - Struble, Kimberly AU - Birnkrant, Debra B AD - Division of Antiviral Drug Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, The US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA. johann.liangr@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 559 EP - 564 VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0114-5916, 0114-5916 KW - Drugs, Investigational KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Drug Monitoring -- methods KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Survival Rate KW - Humans KW - Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems -- statistics & numerical data KW - Drugs, Investigational -- therapeutic use KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - Drugs, Investigational -- adverse effects KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - HIV Infections -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67943467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+safety&rft.atitle=Reporting+of+deaths+during+pre-approval+clinical+trials+for+advanced+HIV-infected+populations.&rft.au=Johann-Liang%2C+Rosemary%3BJames%2C+Andrea+N%3BBehr%2C+Virginia+L%3BStruble%2C+Kimberly%3BBirnkrant%2C+Debra+B&rft.aulast=Johann-Liang&rft.aufirst=Rosemary&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+safety&rft.issn=01145916&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Chernobyl disaster: cancer following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. AN - 67938339; 15958427 JF - Epidemiologic reviews AU - Hatch, M AU - Ron, E AU - Bouville, A AU - Zablotska, L AU - Howe, G AD - National Cancer Institute, Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. hatchm@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 56 EP - 66 VL - 27 SN - 0193-936X, 0193-936X KW - Index Medicus KW - Ukraine -- epidemiology KW - Chernobyl Nuclear Accident KW - Radiometry KW - Humans KW - Radioactive Hazard Release KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- epidemiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- classification KW - Nuclear Reactors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67938339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiologic+reviews&rft.atitle=The+Chernobyl+disaster%3A+cancer+following+the+accident+at+the+Chernobyl+nuclear+power+plant.&rft.au=Hatch%2C+M%3BRon%2C+E%3BBouville%2C+A%3BZablotska%2C+L%3BHowe%2C+G&rft.aulast=Hatch&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiologic+reviews&rft.issn=0193936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-20 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of nine strategies for analyzing a cDNA toxicology microarray data set. AN - 67877454; 15920888 AB - Microarray technology with two-color-based cDNA is commonly used for drug development, as well as for a much broader range of biomedical research. Among all the applications, two-group design is probably most commonly used for comparing, e.g., normal and abnormal tissue samples, tissues treated and untreated, or individuals responded and not responded to a drug. Despite the apparent simplicity, there are numerous methods for analyzing such data in a statistically rigorous manner. Here, we discuss nine different analytical strategies, each of which is derived under a set of "reasonable" assumptions. Some of them resemble methods developed for different contexts. In the absence of the truth, investigators should consider underlying assumptions before taking one or more of these strategies for analyzing data from a particular experiment. The issue here is what are the similarities and differences between these analytical strategies. We present these strategies in the context of an actual microarray experiment performed at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. JF - Journal of biopharmaceutical statistics AU - Zhang, Juan Joanne AU - Yi, Tsong AU - Zhao, Lue Ping AD - Office of Biostatistics, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA. zhangjua@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 403 EP - 418 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 1054-3406, 1054-3406 KW - DNA, Complementary KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - Algorithms KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Research Design KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- genetics KW - DNA, Complementary -- drug effects KW - DNA, Complementary -- genetics KW - Toxicology -- statistics & numerical data KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67877454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biopharmaceutical+statistics&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+nine+strategies+for+analyzing+a+cDNA+toxicology+microarray+data+set.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Juan+Joanne%3BYi%2C+Tsong%3BZhao%2C+Lue+Ping&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biopharmaceutical+statistics&rft.issn=10543406&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of surrogate markers of biological agents in air and settled dust samples to evaluate a water-damaged hospital. AN - 67853764; 15910534 AB - An environmental survey was conducted in two hospital buildings in Montana, one of which had historical water incursion on the top floors and higher prevalence of reported respiratory symptoms that improved when the occupants were away from work. We measured culturable fungi and bacteria, fungal spores, endotoxin, and sub-micron particles in air; and culturable fungi and bacteria, endotoxin, markers of fungi (extra-cellular polysaccharides specific for Penicillium/Aspergillus, ergosterol, and beta(1-->3) glucans) and cat allergen in chair and floor dusts. For the analytes measured in air, the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.43 to 0.78 (P 3) glucan concentrations correlated with culturable fungi and ergosterol concentrations. We found that sub-micron particles and markers of microbiological agents, but not culturable microbiological agents, were significantly positively associated with the building that had both historical water damage and higher prevalence of reported respiratory symptoms. Chair dust measurements tended to be higher in the non-complaint building. These results suggest that air and floor dust measurements of marker compounds may be better indicators of current health risk in a water-damaged environment than chair dust measurements or measurements of culturable fungi or bacteria in air or settled dust. Detection and quantification of nonculture-based microbiological markers and/or agents of disease may be useful methods to assess microbial contamination and to more accurately evaluate microbial exposures in the indoor environment for exposure-response studies. JF - Indoor air AU - Rao, C Y AU - Cox-Ganser, J M AU - Chew, G L AU - Doekes, G AU - White, S AD - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. cnr3@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 89 EP - 97 VL - 15 Suppl 9 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers KW - Dust KW - Endotoxins KW - Glucans KW - Index Medicus KW - Bacteria -- isolation & purification KW - Fungi -- isolation & purification KW - Data Collection KW - Air Microbiology KW - Endotoxins -- analysis KW - Glucans -- analysis KW - Montana KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- analysis KW - Biomarkers -- analysis KW - Disasters KW - Hospitals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67853764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Use+of+surrogate+markers+of+biological+agents+in+air+and+settled+dust+samples+to+evaluate+a+water-damaged+hospital.&rft.au=Rao%2C+C+Y%3BCox-Ganser%2C+J+M%3BChew%2C+G+L%3BDoekes%2C+G%3BWhite%2C+S&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=15+Suppl+9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the fungus Aspergillus versicolor. AN - 67852506; 15910525 AB - Fungal exposure measurements in indoor environments require accurate and precise monitoring methods. Such techniques may be based on monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and here we report the cross-reactivity patterns of Mabs produced against Aspergillus versicolor. Balb/c mice were immunized with the particulate fraction of homogenized spores and 46 Mabs (35 IgM, nine IgG3, two IgG1) were produced and tested for cross-reactivity against 55 fungal species. None of the Mabs was found to be species-specific for A. versicolor. Several Mabs strongly cross-reacted with most Aspergillus, Penicillium and Eurotium species and some Mabs also cross-reacted with Paecilomyces variotii and several Cladosporium and Stachybotrys species. Our results show that antibody responses in mice against spores of A. versicolor are dominated by highly cross-reactive antibodies of the IgM isotype. The widespread cross-reactivity suggests that the specificity of antibodies to be used for the detection of fungi in environmental samples need to be thoroughly characterized in order to avoid ambiguities in the interpretation of monitoring results. Furthermore, accurate estimates of spore concentrations may require the application of species-specific Mabs in order to avoid bias in result interpretation because of the differential reactivity of cross-reactive Mabs with different fungi. Producers of monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies for the detection of fungi in environmental or clinical samples need to verify antibody reactivity patterns and accurately report that information to potential users. Furthermore, immunoassays based on mouse or human serum or purified immunoglobulin fractions need to consider antibody cross-reactivity as a potential confounding factor during interpretation of results. JF - Indoor air AU - Schmechel, D AU - Simpson, J P AU - Lewis, D M AD - Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. dschmechel@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 11 EP - 19 VL - 15 Suppl 9 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Immunoglobulin Isotypes KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Species Specificity KW - Cross Reactions -- immunology KW - Immunoglobulin Isotypes -- metabolism KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay -- methods KW - Aspergillus -- chemistry KW - Air Microbiology KW - Aspergillus -- immunology KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67852506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=The+production+and+characterization+of+monoclonal+antibodies+to+the+fungus+Aspergillus+versicolor.&rft.au=Schmechel%2C+D%3BSimpson%2C+J+P%3BLewis%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Schmechel&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=15+Suppl+9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Household youth on minority operated farms in the United States, 2000: exposures to and injuries from work, horses, ATVs and tractors. AN - 67829181; 15882873 AB - It is likely that youth living on minority operated farms (<3% of U.S. farms) face hazards similar to the general farm population; however, since minority youth are not well represented by general farm surveys, this information hasn't been confirmed. Nonfatal injury and exposure data were obtained from the 2000 Minority Farm Operator Childhood Agricultural Injury Survey (M-CAIS). On racial minority farms, there were an estimated 28,600 household youth. Of these, about 41% worked, 26% rode a horse, 23% drove an ATV, and 23% operated a tractor. On Hispanic farms, there were an estimated 17,998 household youth. Of these, 44% worked, 30% rode a horse, 27% drove an ATV, and 25% operated a tractor. These results show the value of conducting a survey of minorities to identify high risk groups and target issues that may be unique to the minority farm population. JF - Journal of safety research AU - Hendricks, Kitty J AU - Myers, John R AU - Layne, Larry A AU - Goldcamp, E Michael AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, M/S 1808, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. khendricks@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 149 EP - 157 VL - 36 IS - 2 SN - 0022-4375, 0022-4375 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Data Collection KW - Child KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Agriculture KW - Off-Road Motor Vehicles KW - Wounds and Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Minority Groups KW - Wounds and Injuries -- etiology KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Horses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67829181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+safety+research&rft.atitle=Household+youth+on+minority+operated+farms+in+the+United+States%2C+2000%3A+exposures+to+and+injuries+from+work%2C+horses%2C+ATVs+and+tractors.&rft.au=Hendricks%2C+Kitty+J%3BMyers%2C+John+R%3BLayne%2C+Larry+A%3BGoldcamp%2C+E+Michael&rft.aulast=Hendricks&rft.aufirst=Kitty&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+safety+research&rft.issn=00224375&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bias and uncertainty of penetrating photon dose measured by film dosemeters in an epidemiological study of US nuclear workers. AN - 67787172; 15769802 AB - A retrospective exposure assessment of 1269 study subjects was completed for use in a multi-site case-control study of the relationship between protracted workplace external radiation exposure and leukaemia mortality. The majority of exposure data result from film badge monitoring programmes at the four US weapons production facilities and a US Naval shipyard. Bias and uncertainty in reported exposures among study facilities and across time were as result of differences in incident photon energy, exposure geometry, dosemeter type and dosimetry methods. These sources of measurement uncertainty were examined by facility and time to derive bias factors (B) for normalising exposures. In conjunction with facility reported results, the bias factors provide a means to estimate the equivalent dose, penetrating to a depth of 10 mm [H(p)(10)] and the equivalent dose to the active bone marrow for use in the epidemiological study. Uncertainty was expressed as the constructed 95% confidence interval (i.e. the 2.5th-97.5th% range) of the estimated parameter. The bias factors indicate that recorded exposures provide a reasonable estimate of H(p)(10) (bias factor near unity) and overestimate equivalent dose to active bone marrow (H(T)) by a factor between 1.2 and 1.7. On average, dosemeter-response uncertainties estimated using Monte Carlo simulation were approximately +/-19 and +/-33% for H(p)(10) and H(T), respectively. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Daniels, R D AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M K AD - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies (DSHEFS), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 555 Ridge Avenue, R-44, Cincinnati, OH 45213, USA. RTD2@CDC.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 275 EP - 289 VL - 113 IS - 3 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ships KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Epidemiologic Methods KW - Risk Factors KW - Nuclear Warfare KW - Body Burden KW - Bias (Epidemiology) KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Nuclear Reactors KW - Occupational Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Photons KW - Film Dosimetry -- instrumentation KW - Leukemia, Radiation-Induced -- mortality KW - Film Dosimetry -- statistics & numerical data KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67787172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Bias+and+uncertainty+of+penetrating+photon+dose+measured+by+film+dosemeters+in+an+epidemiological+study+of+US+nuclear+workers.&rft.au=Daniels%2C+R+D%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Daniels&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in ketamine-induced apoptosis in rat forebrain culture. AN - 67787071; 15857702 AB - Recent data suggest that anesthetic drugs may cause widespread and dose-dependent apoptotic neurodegeneration during development. The window of vulnerability to this neurotoxic effect, particularly with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists such as ketamine, is restricted to the period of synaptogenesis. The purposes of this study are to determine whether treatment of forebrain cultures with ketamine results in a dose-related increase in neurotoxicity and whether upregulation of NMDA receptor subunit NR1 promotes ketamine-induced apoptosis. Forebrain cultures were treated for 12 h with 0.1, 1, 10 and 20 microM ketamine or co-incubated with NR1 antisense oligonucleotide (2 microM). After washout of the ketamine, cultures were kept in serum-containing medium (in presence of glutamate) for 24 h. Application of ketamine (10 and 20 microM) resulted in a substantial increase in DNA fragmentation as measured by cell death enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, increased number of terminal dUTP nick-end labeling positive cells, and a reduction in mitochondrial metabolism of the dye 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide. No significant effect was seen in the release of lactate dehydrogenase, indicating that cell death presumably occurred via an apoptotic mechanism. Co-incubation of ketamine with NR1 antisense significantly reduced ketamine-induced apoptosis. Western analysis showed that neurotoxic concentrations of ketamine increased Bax and NR1 protein levels. NR1 antisense prevented this increase caused by ketamine, suggesting that ketamine-induced cell death is associated with a compensatory upregulation of the NMDA receptor. These data suggest that NR1 antisense offers neuroprotection from apoptosis in vitro, and that upregulation of the NR1 following ketamine administration is, at least, partially responsible for the observed apoptosis. JF - Neuroscience AU - Wang, C AU - Sadovova, N AU - Fu, X AU - Schmued, L AU - Scallet, A AU - Hanig, J AU - Slikker, W AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079-0502, USA. cwang@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 967 EP - 977 VL - 132 IS - 4 SN - 0306-4522, 0306-4522 KW - Anesthetics, Dissociative KW - 0 KW - Bax protein, rat KW - Oligonucleotides, Antisense KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Thionucleotides KW - bcl-2-Associated X Protein KW - Ketamine KW - 690G0D6V8H KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Thionucleotides -- pharmacology KW - In Situ Nick-End Labeling KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Western KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 -- drug effects KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 -- metabolism KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Oligonucleotides, Antisense -- pharmacology KW - Ketamine -- toxicity KW - Prosencephalon -- metabolism KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Prosencephalon -- drug effects KW - Prosencephalon -- pathology KW - Anesthetics, Dissociative -- toxicity KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67787071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience&rft.atitle=The+role+of+the+N-methyl-D-aspartate+receptor+in+ketamine-induced+apoptosis+in+rat+forebrain+culture.&rft.au=Wang%2C+C%3BSadovova%2C+N%3BFu%2C+X%3BSchmued%2C+L%3BScallet%2C+A%3BHanig%2C+J%3BSlikker%2C+W&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=967&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience&rft.issn=03064522&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-03 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spoilage of vegetable crops by bacteria and fungi and related health hazards. AN - 67754455; 15839403 AB - After harvest, vegetables are often spoiled by a wide variety of microorganisms including many bacterial and fungal species. The most common bacterial agents are Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas spp., Corynebacterium, Xanthomonas campestris, and lactic acid bacteria with E. carotovora being the most common, attacking virtually every vegetable type. Fungi commonly causing spoilage of fresh vegetables are Botrytis cinerea, various species of the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Phomopsis, Fusarium, Penicillium, Phoma, Phytophthora, Pythium and Rhizopus spp., Botrytis cinerea, Ceratocystis fimbriata, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and some mildews. A few of these organisms show a substrate preference whereas others such as Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Phytophthora, and Rhizopus spp., affect a wide variety of vegetables causing devastating losses. Many of these agents enter the plant tissue through mechanical or chilling injuries, or after the skin barrier has been broken down by other organisms. Besides causing huge economic losses, some fungal species could produce toxic metabolites in the affected sites, constituting a potential health hazard for humans. Additionally, vegetables have often served as vehicles for pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and parasites and were implicated in many food borne illness outbreaks. In order to slow down vegetable spoilage and minimize the associated adverse health effects, great caution should be taken to follow strict hygiene, good agricultural practices (GAPs) and good manufacturing practices (GMPs) during cultivation, harvest, storage, transport, and marketing. JF - Critical reviews in microbiology AU - Tournas, V H AD - Division of Natural Products, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA. vtournas@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 33 EP - 44 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 1040-841X, 1040-841X KW - Index Medicus KW - Bacteria KW - Humans KW - Fungi KW - Viruses KW - Disease Outbreaks KW - Food Preservation KW - Vegetables -- microbiology KW - Crops, Agricultural -- microbiology KW - Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67754455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+microbiology&rft.atitle=Spoilage+of+vegetable+crops+by+bacteria+and+fungi+and+related+health+hazards.&rft.au=Tournas%2C+V+H&rft.aulast=Tournas&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+microbiology&rft.issn=1040841X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations in the development of therapeutic proteins. AN - 67738887; 15828849 AB - With an increasing number of therapeutic proteins moving into preclinical and clinical development, pharmacokinetic factors play an important role in the development of these macromolecules. It is also important that the pharmacokinetic evaluation of these compounds be done as accurately as possible. For macromolecules, evaluation of pharmacokinetic parameters is often complicated by a number of factors. Bioanalytical methods are essential for any pharmacokinetic study, but for many therapeutic proteins the immunoassay and bioassay methodologies are often nonspecific and sometimes the estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters becomes assay dependent. In vivo binding proteins, metabolites and antibody formation may also interfere with bioanalytical methodologies and thus may have significant impact on the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic proteins. There are also difficulties in identifying and quantifying metabolites as well as the binding of therapeutic proteins to endogenous proteins. Some macromolecules exhibit species specificity that complicates the preclinical pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of these compounds. Antibody formation is a particular problem in the preclinical evaluation of therapeutic proteins. Changes in structure or sequence of protein molecules (glycosylation or pegylation) may cause changes in the pharmacokinetics of these compounds. The size of therapeutic proteins may become a hindrance for absorption. Low absorption of intact molecules across biological membranes frequently occurs. Other factors that may affect the pharmacokinetics of a therapeutic protein are immunogenicity, presence of endogenous protein, time of drug administration, and rate and site of drug delivery. The relationship between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of therapeutic proteins is complex and in most cases is unclear. In many cases the mechanism and site of action are unknown for these compounds. JF - Clinical pharmacokinetics AU - Mahmood, Iftekhar AU - Green, Martin D AD - Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Branch, Office of Drug Evaluation VI, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. Mahmoodi@CDER.FDA.Gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 331 EP - 347 VL - 44 IS - 4 SN - 0312-5963, 0312-5963 KW - Proteins KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Polyethylene Glycols KW - 30IQX730WE KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Delivery Systems KW - Kidney -- metabolism KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Polyethylene Glycols -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Absorption KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Glycosylation KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical KW - Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Proteins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Proteins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67738887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+pharmacokinetics&rft.atitle=Pharmacokinetic+and+pharmacodynamic+considerations+in+the+development+of+therapeutic+proteins.&rft.au=Mahmood%2C+Iftekhar%3BGreen%2C+Martin+D&rft.aulast=Mahmood&rft.aufirst=Iftekhar&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+pharmacokinetics&rft.issn=03125963&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-03 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proliferating cell nuclear antigen--a marker for ovarian follicle counts. AN - 67703316; 15805074 AB - Enumerating ovarian follicles is an effective way to estimate the extent of ovarian toxicity in female rodents exposed to xenobiotics. Differential follicle counts are useful in safety assessment bioassays and in interspecies extrapolation of ovarian toxicity. Counting the follicles in H&E-stained sections is labor intensive, tedious, and costly. In the present study we demonstrated that in rat formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ovary sections follicles of all degrees of maturity can be visualized by the use of antibody directed against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Follicles are easily distinguished from ovarian background with the ability to detect and identify primordial follicles being enhanced. This translates into a significant decrease in variability of follicle counts, labor, and cost. Specifically, variability dropped from 11% to 0.2%, the counting time was reduced by 46%, and the cost by 48%. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Muskhelishvili, Levan AU - Wingard, Susan K AU - Latendresse, John R AD - Toxicologic Pathology Associates at National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA. lmuskhelishvili@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 365 EP - 368 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers KW - Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Antibodies -- metabolism KW - Cell Count KW - Cell Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Biomarkers -- analysis KW - Theca Cells -- metabolism KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Granulosa Cells -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Ovarian Follicle -- metabolism KW - Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen -- economics KW - Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen -- analysis KW - Ovarian Follicle -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67703316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Proliferating+cell+nuclear+antigen--a+marker+for+ovarian+follicle+counts.&rft.au=Muskhelishvili%2C+Levan%3BWingard%2C+Susan+K%3BLatendresse%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Muskhelishvili&rft.aufirst=Levan&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-21 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for quitting among non-treatment-seeking marijuana smokers. AN - 67573413; 15804875 AB - This study examines self-reported quitting strategies used by adult, non-treatment-seeking marijuana smokers. Sixty-five subjects rated the use and effectiveness of thirteen strategies on a self-developed instrument, the Marijuana Quit Questionnaire. The strategies clustered into three categories/factors, whether grouped by principal components analysis, mean helpfulness rating, or frequency of endorsement: Change Environment, Seeking Organized/Professional Help, and Social Support. Changing one's environment was rated as most helpful while seeking help from professionals was the least helpful. Clinicians are likely to see marijuana users in their practice and should be proactive in offering assistance, incorporating the strategies reported here into treatment plans for their marijuana-using patients. JF - The American journal on addictions AU - Boyd, Susan J AU - Tashkin, Donald P AU - Huestis, Marilyn A AU - Heishman, Stephen J AU - Dermand, John C AU - Simmons, Michael S AU - Gorelick, David A AD - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. PY - 2005 SP - 35 EP - 42 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1055-0496, 1055-0496 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environment KW - Self Care KW - Humans KW - Principal Component Analysis KW - Adult KW - Health Behavior KW - Social Support KW - Male KW - Female KW - Motivation KW - Marijuana Smoking -- psychology KW - Marijuana Abuse -- rehabilitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67573413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+on+addictions&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+quitting+among+non-treatment-seeking+marijuana+smokers.&rft.au=Boyd%2C+Susan+J%3BTashkin%2C+Donald+P%3BHuestis%2C+Marilyn+A%3BHeishman%2C+Stephen+J%3BDermand%2C+John+C%3BSimmons%2C+Michael+S%3BGorelick%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Boyd&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+on+addictions&rft.issn=10550496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-14 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent marijuana blunt smoking impacts carbon monoxide as a measure of adolescent tobacco abstinence. AN - 67522983; 15770886 AB - Adolescent tobacco smokers have a higher prevalence of marijuana (MJ) smoking than adolescents who do not smoke tobacco. As part of an adolescent smoking cessation trial, we examined whether MJ smoking, and specifically "blunt" (gutted cigars filled with MJ) smoking, elevated participants' likelihood of a false indication of cigarette smoking on the basis of breath carbon monoxide (CO) testing. Using clinical data from 37 adolescents (mean age 15.1+/-1.4 years, 78% female) who participated in a smoking-cessation trial in Baltimore between 1999 and 2002, and who on at least one occasion, reported abstinence from tobacco smoking for at least 7 days, we analyzed 146 cigarette-abstinent-visit exhaled CO concentrations classified into blunt occasions (12 participants, 33 visits), nonblunt MJ occasions (seven participants, 20 visits), and non-MJ occasions (27 paricipants, 93 visits). Repeated-measures logistic regression revealed that blunt occasions were associated with CO > or = 8 ppm, compared to nonblunt occasions (p = 0.013). Blunt occasions also tended to be associated with the more youth-appropriate cutoff CO > or = 6 ppm, compared to non-MJ occasions (p =0.054). Blunt smoking impacted the interpretation of measures of exhaled CO for tobacco cessation. JF - Substance use & misuse AU - Moolchan, Eric T AU - Zimmerman, Darin AU - Sehnert, Shelley S AU - Zimmerman, Debra AU - Huestis, Marilyn A AU - Epstein, David H AD - Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. emoolcha@intra.nida.nih.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 231 EP - 240 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 1082-6084, 1082-6084 KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cognitive Therapy -- methods KW - Breath Tests KW - Carbon Monoxide -- analysis KW - Tobacco Use Disorder -- therapy KW - Smoking Cessation -- methods KW - Tobacco Use Disorder -- prevention & control KW - Marijuana Abuse -- epidemiology KW - Smoking -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67522983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Substance+use+%26+misuse&rft.atitle=Recent+marijuana+blunt+smoking+impacts+carbon+monoxide+as+a+measure+of+adolescent+tobacco+abstinence.&rft.au=Moolchan%2C+Eric+T%3BZimmerman%2C+Darin%3BSehnert%2C+Shelley+S%3BZimmerman%2C+Debra%3BHuestis%2C+Marilyn+A%3BEpstein%2C+David+H&rft.aulast=Moolchan&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Substance+use+%26+misuse&rft.issn=10826084&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-10 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Committee on Microbiology and Extraneous Materials. Food microbiology, non-dairy. AN - 67503662; 15759760 JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Andrews, Wallace H AU - Hammack, Thomas S AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Park, MD 20740-3835, USA. wallace.andrews@fda.hhs.gov PY - 2005 SP - 346 EP - 355 VL - 88 IS - 1 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Index Medicus KW - Food Contamination KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Bacteriological Techniques KW - Listeria KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Food Microbiology -- standards KW - Immunoassay -- methods KW - Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67503662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Committee+on+Microbiology+and+Extraneous+Materials.+Food+microbiology%2C+non-dairy.&rft.au=Andrews%2C+Wallace+H%3BHammack%2C+Thomas+S&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=Wallace&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Committee on Natural Toxins and Food Allergens. Mycotoxins. AN - 67503630; 15759756 JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Trucksess, Mary W Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 314 EP - 324 VL - 88 IS - 1 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - Marine Toxins KW - Mycotoxins KW - Peptides, Cyclic KW - Toxins, Biological KW - Citrinin KW - 3S697X6SNZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Plants, Toxic -- chemistry KW - Marine Toxins -- analysis KW - Alternaria -- metabolism KW - Citrinin -- chemistry KW - Food Contamination KW - Time Factors KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Peptides, Cyclic -- analysis KW - DNA Primers -- chemistry KW - Food Analysis KW - Toxins, Biological -- analysis KW - Food Hypersensitivity -- prevention & control KW - Mycotoxins -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67503630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Committee+on+Natural+Toxins+and+Food+Allergens.+Mycotoxins.&rft.au=Trucksess%2C+Mary+W&rft.aulast=Trucksess&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=314&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Committee on Natural Toxins and Food Allergens. Marine and freshwater toxins. AN - 67503331; 15759755 AB - There have been major developments this past year in the Marine and Freshwater Toxins topic area (formerly Phycotoxins). These include AOAC approval and inauguration of a new AOAC Presidential Task Force on Marine and Freshwater Toxins to accelerate methods validation, and the appointment of several new Topic Advisors. A joint FAO/IOC/WHO group addressing biotoxins in molluscan bivalves is also relevant to this report and to the new Task Force. The AOAC Presidential Task Force on Marine and Freshwater Toxins is an international group that, in late November 2004, consisted of 90 world experts and stakeholders. Chaired by this General Referee, the group establishes methods priorities based on analytical methods criteria, determines fitness for purpose, identifies and reviews available methodologies, recommends methodologies for validation, and identifies complementary analytical tools. Once appropriate analytical methodology has been identified or developed, the Task Force is able to identify financial and technical resources necessary to validate the methods. The first two formal meetings of the Task Force were held in Bethesda, MD, on May 19, 2004 and in St. Louis, MO, on September 22, 2004. These meetings were held in conjunction with the XI International IUPAC Symposium on Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins and the 118th AOAC INTERNATIONAL Annual Meeting and Exposition, respectively. The Bethesda meeting served to introduce members of the group to the AOAC Community/Task Force model and to discuss objectives, concerns, general workings, and communications. The meeting concluded on an encouraging note, with a commitment from AOAC to help provide financial resources for the review of nonproprietary methods deemed high priority by the Task Force. This development was seen as an important step toward reaching methods validation objectives. The terms of reference for the Task Force were approved by the AOAC Board of Directors in late June, 2004. They described the Task Force membership as composed of voting and nonvoting members, with the voting members consisting of 13 members (12 plus the Chair). Voting members comprise of a balance of government regulators, academics, and industry members. No single agency has more than 2 voting members. Task Force members serve as experts in the field and agree to identify other experts; recommend individuals who can serve on the Task Force and as Chair; develop and prioritize a list of marine and freshwater toxins that need validated methods; assist in identifying existing methods for validation through AOAC validation programs; and recommend to the AOAC INTERNATIONAL Board of Directors policies and procedures necessary to accomplish the mission of the Task Force. They endeavor to actively support the work of the Task Force through garnering of sources of funding (except where prohibited by employer); identifying potential participating laboratories, sample identification and acquisition; and increasing program awareness among stakeholders. They assist AOAC in the identification of study directors and in the development of quality measurement tools by participating in the validation of methods and by identifying venues for members of the Task Group or the community to gather and assist with meeting content. Prior to the September 2004, AOAC Annual Meeting, the Task Force approved a set of Analytical Methods Selection Criteria, which are critical to the mission of the Task Force. They can be found, along with the Terms of Reference, roster of members, and other information, on the Task Force Web site at http://www.aoac.org/marine toxins/task_force.htm. The September 22, 2004 Task Force meeting in St. Louis included discussion of 2 interlaboratory studies, a proprietary kit for domoic acid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Biosense Labs AS, Bergen, Norway) and also a nonproprietary liquid chromatography (LC) method for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins by precolumn oxidation (James F. Lawrence, Health Canada). These 2 methods were recommended by the Task Force for review by AOAC in September 2004. The group also discussed future priority directions, aspects of interlaboratory studies and official methods of analysis, other methods validation issues, future meetings, and funding. In addition to the Task Force meeting, 2 subgroup meetings were held. One subgroup addressed strategies to replace the mouse bioassay for brevetoxins with alternative modern methods based on ELISA or LC/mass spectrometry (MS). Brevetoxin metabolites, toxicity issues, and extraction conditions as well as future field studies were addressed in detail. The receptor binding assay (RBA)/saxitoxins subgroup addressed several aspects of the methodology, radiolabeled saxitoxin, and comparisons of mouse bioassay and RBA response. Both subgroups were productive and were seen as very useful by the participants. Task Force attendees generally agreed that subgroups are the most effective means of progressing towards validation of new methods and of ensuring thorough discussions of methods under consideration. By the time of their next meeting (April 2005) at the "Marine and Freshwater Toxins Analysis: 1st Joint Symposium and AOAC Task Force Meeting" in Baiona, Spain, the Task Force will have several well developed new subgroups in the areas of okadaic acid and dinophysis toxins, yessotoxins, domoic acids, and ciguatoxins. Some of the subgroups will hold face-to-face meetings in Spain and others will meet at future symposia or joint meetings. It is likely that training sessions will be associated with multiple Task Force meetings planned for 2005. Details on these meetings can be found on the Task Force Web site. Although the Task Force has experienced rapid growth, the addition of new members to the group, especially industry and government stakeholders, is encouraged. Task Force member Michael Quilliam, NRC Canada, provided the information given below on a joint CODEX group of special relevance to the new Task Force. This group met in late September 2004. For more information, see http://www.who.int/foodsafety/chem/meetings/biotoxin/en/. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Hungerford, James M Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 299 EP - 313 VL - 88 IS - 1 KW - Marine Toxins KW - 0 KW - Microcystins KW - Peptides, Cyclic KW - Toxins, Biological KW - microcystin KW - 77238-39-2 KW - domoic acid KW - M02525818H KW - Kainic Acid KW - SIV03811UC KW - Index Medicus KW - Plants, Toxic -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Biological Assay KW - Peptides, Cyclic -- analysis KW - Advisory Committees KW - Marine Toxins -- analysis KW - Fresh Water KW - Chromatography, Liquid KW - Food Contamination KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Mollusca KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary KW - Kainic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Toxins, Biological -- chemistry KW - Food Analysis KW - Toxins, Biological -- analysis KW - Kainic Acid -- chemistry KW - Food Hypersensitivity -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67503331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Committee+on+Natural+Toxins+and+Food+Allergens.+Marine+and+freshwater+toxins.&rft.au=Hungerford%2C+James+M&rft.aulast=Hungerford&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Usefulness of studies on the molecular mechanism of action of herbals/botanicals: The case of St. John's wort. AN - 67488180; 15736155 AB - The use of herbals/botanicals has been gaining wide popularity in recent years in the United States as well as in other parts of the world. The mechanism of action of most of these herbals/botanicals has not been subjected to thorough scientific investigations. St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) represents a useful case study in this sense. Traditionally, it is used as a natural treatment for depression; however, in recent years its molecular mechanism of action has been elucidated by a number of laboratories across the world. Such studies have helped understand potential interactions of St. John's wort with drugs and other xenobiotics. St. John's wort activates a nuclear receptor called pregnane X receptor (PXR). PXR is a ligand-activated transcription factor that induces a number of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and transporters including cytochrome P4503A4 (CYP3A4) in humans. Because CYP3A4 alone metabolizes about 60% of all clinically relevant drugs, induction of CYP3A4 may result in the rapid elimination of these drugs and a consequent reduction in drug efficacy. Ironically, such enzyme-inducing effects may not produce any immediate adverse symptomatology in the person taking St. John's wort. Therefore, the case of St. John's wort should serve as a good example of the usefulness and importance of studies on the mechanism of action of the herbals/botanicals, particularly those with widespread use. Scientists, physicians, and other health professionals can make use of the knowledge from such studies as an additional risk management tool. Copyright 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology AU - Choudhuri, Supratim AU - Valerio, Luis G AD - Division of Biotechnology and GRAS Notice Review, Office of Food Additive Safety, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, USA. Supratim.Choudhuri@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 1095-6670, 1095-6670 KW - Plant Extracts KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear KW - Receptors, Steroid KW - pregnane X receptor KW - Index Medicus KW - Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear -- agonists KW - Animals KW - Receptors, Steroid -- chemistry KW - Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Receptors, Steroid -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Steroid -- agonists KW - Phytotherapy -- methods KW - Plant Extracts -- pharmacology KW - Hypericum -- chemistry KW - Phytotherapy -- standards KW - Plants, Medicinal -- adverse effects KW - Plant Extracts -- chemistry KW - Plant Extracts -- adverse effects KW - Phytotherapy -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67488180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biochemical+and+molecular+toxicology&rft.atitle=Usefulness+of+studies+on+the+molecular+mechanism+of+action+of+herbals%2Fbotanicals%3A+The+case+of+St.+John%27s+wort.&rft.au=Choudhuri%2C+Supratim%3BValerio%2C+Luis+G&rft.aulast=Choudhuri&rft.aufirst=Supratim&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biochemical+and+molecular+toxicology&rft.issn=10956670&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photoinduced DNA cleavage and cellular damage in human dermal fibroblasts by 2,3-diaminophenazine. AN - 67474095; 15493959 AB - Aromatic amines, such as o-phenylenediamine (OPD), have been used extensively in commercial hair dyes and in the synthesis of agricultural pesticides. Air oxidation of OPD results in the formation of 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP). Although the mutagenic toxicity of DAP has been shown in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems, its phototoxicity remains largely unexplored. This study focuses on the pH-dependent photophysical properties of DAP and demonstrates its ability to photoinduce DNA damage to pUC19 plasmid in vitro. The photocytotoxicity of DAP toward human skin fibroblasts was also measured. DAP exhibits weak intercalative binding to double-stranded DNA with a binding constant K(b) = 3.5 x 10(3) M(-1). Furthermore, upon irradiation with visible light, DAP is able to nick plasmid DNA in the presence of oxygen. The concentration of DAP that resulted in 50% cell death was 172 +/- 9 microM in the dark and 13 +/- 1 microM after irradiation of the DAP-treated cell cultures with visible light (400-700 nm, 30 min, 5 J/cm(2)). The 13-fold increase in toxicity upon exposure to visible light shows the need for further study of the photocytotoxicity of contaminants such as DAP. JF - Photochemistry and photobiology AU - Fu, Patty K-L AU - Abuzakhm, Sonia AU - Turro, Claudia AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branck Parkway, College Park, MD 20740, USA. patty.fu@FDA.GOV PY - 2005 SP - 89 EP - 95 VL - 81 IS - 1 SN - 0031-8655, 0031-8655 KW - Phenazines KW - 0 KW - 2,3-diaminophenazine KW - 0B20H27U1Y KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Fibroblasts -- radiation effects KW - Hydrolysis KW - Fibroblasts -- metabolism KW - Cell Line KW - Skin -- radiation effects KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Skin -- metabolism KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Phenazines -- toxicity KW - Skin -- cytology KW - DNA -- radiation effects KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67474095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photochemistry+and+photobiology&rft.atitle=Photoinduced+DNA+cleavage+and+cellular+damage+in+human+dermal+fibroblasts+by+2%2C3-diaminophenazine.&rft.au=Fu%2C+Patty+K-L%3BAbuzakhm%2C+Sonia%3BTurro%2C+Claudia&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Patty&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photochemistry+and+photobiology&rft.issn=00318655&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-30 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward better sleep for workers: impressions of some needs. AN - 67466513; 15732309 AB - We know there are persons exposed demanding work schedules and sleep loss in almost every occupation or industry, but we still need better population-based information on how many sleepy or inattentive workers there are, where they are, and to what extent they are a risk to themselves or others. The absence of such information, however, does not prevent us from continuing to conduct worksite interventions and demonstrations that will produce good, evidence-based guidelines to help workers and workplace administrators make informed choices about sleep and provide optimal conditions for sleep. In addition, systematic study and publication of how managers and policy-makers accept our research to make worksite changes, and what factors beside our research influence their decisions, would contribute techniques to the greater public health community aiming to translate research results into good practice. JF - Industrial health AU - Rosa, Roger R AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Office of the Director, Room 715H, Hubert H. Humphrey Building, 200 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20201, USA. Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 85 EP - 87 VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0019-8366, 0019-8366 KW - Index Medicus KW - Health Services Needs and Demand KW - Humans KW - Personnel Staffing and Scheduling -- classification KW - Work Schedule Tolerance KW - Occupational Health KW - Workplace -- standards KW - Safety -- standards KW - Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm -- prevention & control KW - Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm -- epidemiology KW - Population Surveillance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67466513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+health&rft.atitle=Toward+better+sleep+for+workers%3A+impressions+of+some+needs.&rft.au=Rosa%2C+Roger+R&rft.aulast=Rosa&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Industrial+health&rft.issn=00198366&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodynamic response at the palm of the human hand subjected to a random vibration. AN - 67466355; 15732329 AB - This study investigated the biodynamic response (BR) distributed at the palm of the hand subjected to a random vibration. Twelve male subjects were used in the experiment. Each subject applied three coupling actions (grip-only, push-only, and combined grip and push) on a simulated tool handle at three different levels (50, 75, and 100 N) of palm force. This study found that the hand-arm system resonated mostly in the frequency range of 20 to 50 Hz, depending on the specific test treatment and individual characteristics. The maximum vibration power transmission through the palm occurred at the resonant frequency. Increasing the effective palm force generally increased the BR magnitude and resonant frequency. The apparent stiffness measured at the middle frequencies (80-100 Hz) is correlated to the BR in almost the entire frequency range (20-1,000 Hz). Under the same palm force, the push-only action corresponded to the highest BR values while the grip-only action generally produced the lowest values. Since the resonant frequency range matches the dominant vibration frequency range of many percussive tools, it is anticipated that the palm BR and vibration power transmission may have an association with vibration-induced injuries or disorders in the wrist-arm system among the workers using these tools. JF - Industrial health AU - Dong, Ren G AU - McDowell, Thomas W AU - Welcome, Daniel E AD - Engineering & Control Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 241 EP - 255 VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0019-8366, 0019-8366 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Arm -- physiopathology KW - Syndrome KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Postural Balance KW - Energy Transfer -- physiology KW - Hand -- physiopathology KW - Biomechanical Phenomena KW - Hand Strength -- physiology KW - Vibration -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67466355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+health&rft.atitle=Biodynamic+response+at+the+palm+of+the+human+hand+subjected+to+a+random+vibration.&rft.au=Dong%2C+Ren+G%3BMcDowell%2C+Thomas+W%3BWelcome%2C+Daniel+E&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=Ren&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Industrial+health&rft.issn=00198366&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Co-occurrence of DSM-IV personality disorders in the United States: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. AN - 67436982; 15714187 AB - The objective of this study was to determine the co-occurrence of 7 of the 10 Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision ( DSM-IV-TR ) personality disorders (PDs) in the US population. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 43 093 respondents in the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism's 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, a nationally representative survey of the US population. Odds ratios were calculated to determine associations among PDs. All associations among PDs were positive and statistically significant. PDs were significantly associated with other PDs within the same cluster, in addition to being highly associated with PDs of other DSM-IV PD clusters. Co-occurrence between DSM-IV PDs is pervasive in the US general population. Future research is needed on the creation of dimensional representations of DSM-IV PDs as an adjunct to categorical diagnoses. JF - Comprehensive psychiatry AU - Grant, Bridget F AU - Stinson, Frederick S AU - Dawson, Deborah A AU - Chou, S Patricia AU - Ruan, W June AD - Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892-9304, USA. bgrant@wilco.niaaa.nih.gov PY - 2005 SP - 1 EP - 5 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0010-440X, 0010-440X KW - Index Medicus KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Comorbidity KW - Population Surveillance -- methods KW - Epidemiologic Studies KW - Adult KW - Sampling Studies KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Female KW - Male KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Prevalence KW - Personality Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Alcoholism -- epidemiology KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67436982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comprehensive+psychiatry&rft.atitle=Co-occurrence+of+DSM-IV+personality+disorders+in+the+United+States%3A+results+from+the+National+Epidemiologic+Survey+on+Alcohol+and+Related+Conditions.&rft.au=Grant%2C+Bridget+F%3BStinson%2C+Frederick+S%3BDawson%2C+Deborah+A%3BChou%2C+S+Patricia%3BRuan%2C+W+June&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Bridget&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comprehensive+psychiatry&rft.issn=0010440X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a systems biology approach to developmental neurotoxicology. AN - 67397225; 15686866 AB - Systems biology can be applied to enhance the understanding of complex biological processes such as apoptosis in the developing brain. Systems biology, as applied to toxicology, provides a structure to arrange information in the form of a biological model. The approach allows for the subsequent and iterative perturbation of the initial model with the use of toxicants, and the comparison of the resulting data against the proposed biological model. It is postulated that the exposure of the developing rat to NMDA antagonists, e.g., ketamine or phencyclidine (PCP), causes a compensatory up-regulation of NMDA receptors, thereby making cells bearing these receptors more vulnerable to excitotoxic effects of endogenous glutamate. Although comprehensive gene expression/proteomic studies and mathematical modeling remain to be accomplished, a biological model has been established and perturbed in an iterative manner to allow confirmation of the biological pathway for NMDA antagonist-induced brain cell death in the developing rat. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Slikker, William AU - Xu, Zengjun AU - Wang, Cheng AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079-9502, USA. wslikker@nctr.fda.gov PY - 2005 SP - 305 EP - 319 VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Glutamic Acid -- metabolism KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- drug effects KW - Proteomics KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - N-Methylaspartate -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Up-Regulation KW - Neurotoxicity Syndromes -- genetics KW - Models, Biological KW - Glutamic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Neurotoxicity Syndromes -- pathology KW - Systems Biology KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67397225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+systems+biology+approach+to+developmental+neurotoxicology.&rft.au=Slikker%2C+William%3BXu%2C+Zengjun%3BWang%2C+Cheng&rft.aulast=Slikker&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-class clustering and prediction in the analysis of microarray data. AN - 67393138; 15681277 AB - DNA microarray technology provides tools for studying the expression profiles of a large number of distinct genes simultaneously. This technology has been applied to sample clustering and sample prediction. Because of a large number of genes measured, many of the genes in the original data set are irrelevant to the analysis. Selection of discriminatory genes is critical to the accuracy of clustering and prediction. This paper considers statistical significance testing approach to selecting discriminatory gene sets for multi-class clustering and prediction of experimental samples. A toxicogenomic data set with nine treatments (a control and eight metals, As, Cd, Ni, Cr, Sb, Pb, Cu, and AsV with a total of 55 samples) is used to illustrate a general framework of the approach. Among four selected gene sets, a gene set omega(I) formed by the intersection of the F-test and the set of the union of one-versus-all t-tests performs the best in terms of clustering as well as prediction. Hierarchical and two modified partition (k-means) methods all show that the set omega(I) is able to group the 55 samples into seven clusters reasonably well, in which the As and AsV samples are considered as one cluster (the same group) as are the Cd and Cu samples. With respect to prediction, the overall accuracy for the gene set omega(I) using the nearest neighbors algorithm to predict 55 samples into one of the nine treatments is 85%. JF - Mathematical biosciences AU - Tsai, Chen-An AU - Lee, Te-Chang AU - Ho, I-Ching AU - Yang, Ueng-Cheng AU - Chen, Chun-Houh AU - Chen, James J AD - Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration NCTR/FDA/HFT-20 Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 79 EP - 100 VL - 193 IS - 1 SN - 0025-5564, 0025-5564 KW - Metals KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Toxicogenetics -- statistics & numerical data KW - Metals -- pharmacology KW - Discriminant Analysis KW - Humans KW - Fibroblasts -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Profiling -- statistics & numerical data KW - Algorithms KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis -- statistics & numerical data KW - Cluster Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67393138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+biosciences&rft.atitle=Multi-class+clustering+and+prediction+in+the+analysis+of+microarray+data.&rft.au=Tsai%2C+Chen-An%3BLee%2C+Te-Chang%3BHo%2C+I-Ching%3BYang%2C+Ueng-Cheng%3BChen%2C+Chun-Houh%3BChen%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Tsai&rft.aufirst=Chen-An&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematical+biosciences&rft.issn=00255564&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Food and Drug Administration Drug Approval Summary: conversion of imatinib mesylate (STI571; Gleevec) tablets from accelerated approval to full approval. AN - 67384956; 15671523 AB - Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec, Novartis Pharmaceuticals East Manruer, NJ) received accelerated approval on May 10, 2001 for the treatment of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in (a) chronic phase after failure of IFN-alpha therapy, (b) accelerated phase, and (c) blast crisis. The accelerated approval was accompanied by a postmarketing commitment by Novartis Pharmaceuticals to continue patient follow-up to determine duration of treatment response and survival. The present review, based on a safety and efficacy report submitted on December 20, 2002, summarizes data applicable to the conversion of these three CML indications to full approval status. Chronic phase CML: Five hundred thirty-two chronic phase CML patients who had not benefited from prior IFN therapy were treated at a starting imatinib mesylate dose of 400 mg p.o. qd; dose escalation to 800 mg p.o. qd was allowed. Patients had received a median of 14 months of IFN therapy at doses > or =25 million IU/wk and were all in late chronic phase, with a median time from diagnosis of 32 months. Median duration of imatinib mesylate treatment was 29 months, with 81% of patients treated for > or =24 months (maximum 31.5 months). Initial favorable treatment responses were sustained. An estimated 87.8% of patients who had a major cytogenetic response maintained their response 2 years after their initial response. After 2 years of treatment, an estimated 85.4% of patients were free of progression to accelerated phase or blast crisis, and the estimated overall survival was 90.8% (95% confidence interval, 88.3-93.2). Accelerated phase CML: Patients enrolled totaled 293: 235 with CML accelerated phase, 48 with relapsed/refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia, 2 with relapsed/refractory acute myelocytic leukemia, and 8 with relapsed/refractory CML in lymphoid blast crisis. Patients received imatinib mesylate 400 or 600 mg p.o. qd. Dose escalation was permitted, to a maximum of 800 mg/d, taken as 400 mg bid. Efficacy results were improved in patients receiving imatinib mesylate 600 mg qd versus patients receiving 400 mg qd. The median duration of hematologic response was 29 versus 17 months and the estimated 24-month maintained hematologic response rate was 61% versus 42%. The median survival of patients treated with imatinib mesylate 600 mg qd was not reached versus 20.9 months for patients receiving 400 mg qd. Estimated 24-month survival rate was 66% versus 46%. The median survival in the advanced leukemia population (acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myelocytic leukemia, and lymphoid blast crisis) was only 5 months, and only two patients are still on treatment. Blast crisis CML: A total of 260 patients were recruited. The imatinib mesylate dose was initially 400 mg qd (37 patients) but was subsequently increased to 600 mg qd (223 patients). Patients receiving imatinib mesylate 600 mg qd had a higher hematologic response rate than did patients receiving 400 mg (33% versus 16%). Major cytogenetic responses occurred in 15% of the 260 study patients. The overall median survival was 6.9 months: 7.1 months for patients treated with imatinib mesylate 600 mg and 4.7 months for patients receiving imatinib mesylate 400 mg. Estimated 12-month survival rate for all study patients was 32.1% and estimated 24-month survival rate was 18.3%. Imatinib mesylate was generally well tolerated, but relatively frequent reports of common toxicity criteria grade 3/4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were encountered. The most frequently reported adverse events included gastrointestinal disturbances, edema, rash, and musculoskeletal complaints. These rarely led to discontinuation of therapy. The results confirm those of the interim analysis and suggest that imatinib mesylate represents an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of patients with CML in chronic phase after failure of IFN-alpha therapy, in blast crisis, and in accelerated phase. JF - Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Cohen, Martin H AU - Johnson, John R AU - Pazdur, Richard AD - Division of Oncology Drug Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA. cohenma@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/01/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 01 SP - 12 EP - 19 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1078-0432, 1078-0432 KW - Benzamides KW - 0 KW - Piperazines KW - Pyrimidines KW - Imatinib Mesylate KW - 8A1O1M485B KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Blast Crisis KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Humans KW - Drug Approval KW - Adult KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pyrimidines -- therapeutic use KW - Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive -- mortality KW - Piperazines -- therapeutic use KW - Pyrimidines -- pharmacology KW - Piperazines -- pharmacology KW - Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67384956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=U.S.+Food+and+Drug+Administration+Drug+Approval+Summary%3A+conversion+of+imatinib+mesylate+%28STI571%3B+Gleevec%29+tablets+from+accelerated+approval+to+full+approval.&rft.au=Cohen%2C+Martin+H%3BJohnson%2C+John+R%3BPazdur%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10780432&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 17 Beta-estradiol and not genistein modulates lacI mutant frequency and types of mutation induced in the heart of ovariectomized big blue rats treated with 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. AN - 67355873; 15611980 AB - In industrialized countries, heart disease rates are higher among women after menopause. Recent studies indicate that consumption of phytoestorogens, e.g., isoflavones such as genistein (GE), may have potential cardiovascular health benefits; however, no studies have evaluated the effect of these agents on toxicant-induced damage in the heart. Since estrogen receptors are found in the heart, and GE mimics estrogenic effects, we have examined whether or not dietary GE or 17 beta-estradiol (E2) modulates the lacI mutant frequency (MF) in the heart of ovariectomized (OVX) Big Blue rats exposed to the model carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). Groups of female rats were administered 80 mg/kg DMBA or vehicle by gavage and were chronically fed with diets containing 0, 250, or 1,000 microg/g GE or 5 microg/g E2. Sixteen weeks after carcinogen treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the hearts were removed and processed for determining the frequency and types of mutations in the heart tissue. GE and E2 supplementation alone resulted in nonsignificant increases in MF. The DMBA-induced lacI MF in the heart was sevenfold higher than the control (119.8 +/- 18.7 x 10(-6) vs. 17.4 +/- 3.2 x 10(-6); P T:A (42%) and G:C-->T:A (19%) transversions, followed by G:C-->A:T (13%) and A:T-->G:C (8%) transitions. Feeding E2 altered the DMBA-induced mutational spectra by decreasing A:T-->T:A (23%) and G:C-->T:A (13%) transversions and increasing G:C-->A:T (24%) and A:T-->G:C (21%) transitions. Taken together, the results suggest that DMBA can induce gene mutations in heart tissue of OVX rats, and while dietary GE had little or no effect on DMBA-induced mutation, dietary E2 reduced the mutagenicity of DMBA. 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Manjanatha, Mugimane G AU - Shelton, Sharon D AU - Rhodes, Bobbie S AU - Bishop, Michelle E AU - Lyn-Cook, Lascelles E AU - Aidoo, Aname AD - Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, Food and Drug Administration/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA. mmanjanatha@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 70 EP - 79 VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - 57-97-6 KW - Genistein KW - DH2M523P0H KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Ovariectomy KW - Animals, Genetically Modified KW - Lac Operon KW - Female KW - Genistein -- pharmacology KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene -- toxicity KW - Estradiol -- pharmacology KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67355873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=17+Beta-estradiol+and+not+genistein+modulates+lacI+mutant+frequency+and+types+of+mutation+induced+in+the+heart+of+ovariectomized+big+blue+rats+treated+with+7%2C+12-dimethylbenz%5Ba%5Danthracene.&rft.au=Manjanatha%2C+Mugimane+G%3BShelton%2C+Sharon+D%3BRhodes%2C+Bobbie+S%3BBishop%2C+Michelle+E%3BLyn-Cook%2C+Lascelles+E%3BAidoo%2C+Aname&rft.aulast=Manjanatha&rft.aufirst=Mugimane&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New head-lice treatments: hope or hype? AN - 67348909; 15639662 JF - Lancet (London, England) AU - Roberts, Richard J AU - Burgess, Ian F AD - National Public Health Service for Wales, Mold, FlintshireCH7 1PZ, UK. roberts@doctors.org.uk PY - 2005 SP - 8 EP - 10 VL - 365 IS - 9453 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Insecticides -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Conflict of Interest KW - Drug Resistance KW - Child KW - Ethics, Research KW - Prevalence KW - Lice Infestations -- epidemiology KW - Lice Infestations -- drug therapy KW - Scalp Dermatoses -- drug therapy KW - Scalp Dermatoses -- epidemiology KW - Scalp Dermatoses -- diagnosis KW - Pediculus KW - Lice Infestations -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67348909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lancet+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=New+head-lice+treatments%3A+hope+or+hype%3F&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Richard+J%3BBurgess%2C+Ian+F&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=365&rft.issue=9453&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lancet+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=1474-547X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of a DtxR-regulated iron transport and siderophore biosynthesis gene cluster in Corynebacterium diphtheriae. AN - 67341147; 15629913 AB - This report describes a genetic locus associated with siderophore biosynthesis and transport in Corynebacterium diphtheriae. A BLAST search of the C. diphtheriae genome identified a seven-gene cluster that included four genes, designated ciuA, ciuB, ciuC, and ciuD, whose predicted products are related to ABC-type iron transporters. Downstream from ciuD is the ciuE gene, whose predicted product is similar to the aerobactin biosynthetic enzymes IucA and IucC. The CiuE protein, which has a predicted mass of 121,582 Da and is approximately twice the size of either IucC or IucA, is homologous to each of these proteins in both its N- and C-terminal regions. C. diphtheriae ciuE deletion mutants exhibited a defect in siderophore production, iron uptake, and growth in low-iron medium. Mutations in the ciuA gene, whose predicted product is a lipoprotein component of an iron transport system, resulted in a severe defect in iron uptake and reduced ability to use the C. diphtheriae siderophore as an iron source. Site-directed mutations in irp6A, a gene previously reported to be associated with siderophore transport, had no effect on iron uptake or the utilization of the C. diphtheriae siderophore as an iron source. Transcriptional analysis demonstrated that expression of ciuA and ciuE is DtxR and iron regulated, and DNase I protection experiments confirmed the presence of DtxR binding sites upstream from each of these genes. Thus, this iron- and DtxR-regulated gene cluster is involved in the synthesis and transport of the C. diphtheriae siderophore. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Kunkle, Carey A AU - Schmitt, Michael P AD - Laboratory of Bacterial Toxins, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 422 EP - 433 VL - 187 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Culture Media KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - DtxR protein, Corynebacterium diphtheriae KW - Lipoproteins KW - RNA, Bacterial KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Siderophores KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Deoxyribonuclease I KW - EC 3.1.21.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial KW - RNA, Bacterial -- analysis KW - Genes, Bacterial KW - ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters -- physiology KW - Multigene Family KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- genetics KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Biological Transport, Active KW - Protein Binding KW - Molecular Weight KW - Gene Order KW - Gene Deletion KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Lipoproteins -- physiology KW - Lipoproteins -- genetics KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- physiology KW - Deoxyribonuclease I -- metabolism KW - DNA Footprinting KW - ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters -- genetics KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - Mutation KW - Culture Media -- chemistry KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Corynebacterium diphtheriae -- metabolism KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Corynebacterium diphtheriae -- genetics KW - Siderophores -- genetics KW - Siderophores -- biosynthesis KW - Corynebacterium diphtheriae -- growth & development KW - Iron -- metabolism KW - Bacterial Proteins -- physiology KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67341147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+a+DtxR-regulated+iron+transport+and+siderophore+biosynthesis+gene+cluster+in+Corynebacterium+diphtheriae.&rft.au=Kunkle%2C+Carey+A%3BSchmitt%2C+Michael+P&rft.aulast=Kunkle&rft.aufirst=Carey&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-17 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Bacteriol. 2000 Feb;182(3):749-57 [10633110] J Mol Biol. 1994 Apr 29;238(2):288-93 [8003107] Inorg Chem. 2002 Oct 21;41(21):5475-8 [12377042] Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Nov 15;31(22):6516-23 [14602910] J Bacteriol. 2003 Dec;185(23):6826-40 [14617647] Mol Microbiol. 2003 Nov;50(4):1429-38 [14622427] Infect Immun. 2004 Jan;72(1):29-37 [14688077] Mol Microbiol. 2004 Jan;51(2):407-17 [14756782] J Bacteriol. 1970 Sep;103(3):722-33 [5529038] Infect Immun. 1977 Oct;18(1):203-9 [409685] Gene. 1994 Jul 22;145(1):69-73 [8045426] J Infect Dis. 1996 Nov;174(5):1064-72 [8896510] Infect Immun. 1997 Nov;65(11):4634-41 [9353044] Emerg Infect Dis. 1998 Oct-Dec;4(4):539-50 [9866730] J Bacteriol. 1954 Feb;67(2):220-32 [13129217] Infect Immun. 1997 Jan;65(1):133-43 [8975903] Mol Microbiol. 2000 Apr;36(1):68-84 [10760164] J Bacteriol. 2001 Feb;183(4):1476-81 [11157965] J Bacteriol. 2001 Apr;183(8):2576-85 [11274118] Curr Opin Microbiol. 2001 Apr;4(2):172-7 [11282473] Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2002 Jun;66(2):223-49 [12040125] DNA Cell Biol. 2002 Apr;21(4):281-95 [12042068] J Bacteriol. 2002 Sep;184(17):4846-56 [12169610] Biochem Soc Trans. 2002 Aug;30(4):691-6 [12196166] Microbiol Rev. 1978 Mar;42(1):45-66 [379572] J Bacteriol. 1980 Sep;143(3):1420-4 [6447691] J Bacteriol. 1983 Apr;154(1):245-52 [6403502] Infect Immun. 1984 Jul;45(1):143-9 [6429042] Infect Immun. 1985 Feb;47(2):575-8 [3155709] Anal Biochem. 1987 Jan;160(1):47-56 [2952030] J Mol Biol. 1990 Oct 5;215(3):403-10 [2231712] Infect Immun. 1991 Jun;59(6):1899-904 [1828057] Microb Pathog. 1990 Oct;9(4):267-73 [2151460] Infect Immun. 1991 Nov;59(11):3903-8 [1718867] Infect Immun. 1991 Dec;59(12):4310-7 [1937792] Crit Rev Microbiol. 1992;18(3):217-33 [1532495] Mol Microbiol. 1993 Apr;8(1):111-21 [8388528] Mol Microbiol. 1993 Jul;9(1):173-81 [8412663] J Bacteriol. 1994 Feb;176(4):1141-9 [8106325] J Infect Dis. 2000 Feb;181 Suppl 1:S156-67 [10657208] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sex differences in cytochrome P450 1B1, an estrogen-metabolizing enzyme, in the rhesus monkey telencephalon. AN - 67340260; 15589702 AB - The metabolic enzyme CYP1B1 is a recently cloned member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, expressed widely throughout primate tissue, including the CNS. Although CYP1B1 protein is known to metabolize estradiol to catecholestrogens in the uterus, its localization and function in brain have not yet been described. To better understand CYP1B1 distribution, we have combined in situ hybridization (ISH) for its mRNA with immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the CYP1B1 protein in selected brain regions of male and female adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Blocks of formalin-fixed tissue obtained from the frontal cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and amygdala were processed and embedded in paraffin. They were then sectioned and stained as described for human tissue [Muskhelishvili, L., Thompson, P.A., Kusewitt, D.F., Wang, C., Kadlubar, F.F., 2001. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis of cytochrome P450 1B1 expression in human normal tissues. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 49, 229-236]. Results indicated widespread distribution of CYP1B1 mRNA in both male and female monkey frontal cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and amygdala. In contrast, although CYP1B1 protein was co-localized with its mRNA in the female brains, it was primarily restricted to hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the male brains. These results suggest that CYP1B1 may subserve widespread metabolic functions in the female primate brain but have more restricted actions within the hippocampal pyramidal neurons of the male. JF - Journal of chemical neuroanatomy AU - Scallet, Andrew C AU - Muskhelishvili, Levan AU - Slikker, William AU - Kadlubar, Fred F AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, NCTR/FDA, 3900 NCTR Drive, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. ascallet@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 71 EP - 80 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0891-0618, 0891-0618 KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - CYP1B1 protein, human KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Male KW - Female KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- metabolism KW - Estrogens -- metabolism KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- physiology KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Estrogens -- physiology KW - Telencephalon -- enzymology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67340260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chemical+neuroanatomy&rft.atitle=Sex+differences+in+cytochrome+P450+1B1%2C+an+estrogen-metabolizing+enzyme%2C+in+the+rhesus+monkey+telencephalon.&rft.au=Scallet%2C+Andrew+C%3BMuskhelishvili%2C+Levan%3BSlikker%2C+William%3BKadlubar%2C+Fred+F&rft.aulast=Scallet&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chemical+neuroanatomy&rft.issn=08910618&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-10 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-additive carcinogenicity of a defined mixture of "dioxin-like compounds". AN - 67337575; 15626646 AB - Use of the dioxin toxic equivalency factor (TEF) approach in human risk assessments assumes that the combined effects of dioxin-like compounds in a mixture can be predicted based on a potency-adjusted dose-additive combination of constituents of the mixture. In this study, we evaluated the TEF approach in experimental 2-year rodent cancer bioassays with female Harlan Sprague-Dawley rats receiving 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), 3,3 ,4,4 ,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-126), 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF), or a mixture of the three compounds. Statistically based dose-response modeling indicated that the shape of the dose-response curves for hepatic, lung, and oral mucosal neoplasms was the same in studies of the three individual chemicals and the mixture. In addition, the dose response for the mixture could be predicted from a combination of the potency-adjusted doses of the individual compounds. Finally, we showed that use of the current World Health Organization dioxin TEF values adequately predicted the increased incidence of liver tumors (hepatocellular adenoma and cholangiocarcinoma) induced by exposure to the mixture. These data support the use of the TEF approach for dioxin cancer risk assessments. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Walker, Nigel J AU - Crockett, Patrick W AU - Nyska, Abraham AU - Brix, Amy E AU - Jokinen, Michael P AU - Sells, Donald M AU - Hailey, James R AU - Easterling, Micheal AU - Haseman, Joseph K AU - Yin, Ming AU - Wyde, Michael E AU - Bucher, John R AU - Portier, Christopher J AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27705, USA. walker3@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 43 EP - 48 VL - 113 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Dioxins KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- administration & dosage KW - Environmental Pollutants -- poisoning KW - Biological Assay KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- poisoning KW - Environmental Pollutants -- administration & dosage KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Mouth Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Dioxins -- poisoning KW - Lung Neoplasms -- veterinary KW - Mouth Neoplasms -- veterinary KW - Liver Neoplasms -- veterinary KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Dioxins -- administration & dosage KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67337575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Dose-additive+carcinogenicity+of+a+defined+mixture+of+%22dioxin-like+compounds%22.&rft.au=Walker%2C+Nigel+J%3BCrockett%2C+Patrick+W%3BNyska%2C+Abraham%3BBrix%2C+Amy+E%3BJokinen%2C+Michael+P%3BSells%2C+Donald+M%3BHailey%2C+James+R%3BEasterling%2C+Micheal%3BHaseman%2C+Joseph+K%3BYin%2C+Ming%3BWyde%2C+Michael+E%3BBucher%2C+John+R%3BPortier%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-22 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nature. 2003 Apr 17;422(6933):681-7 [12700752] Toxicol Sci. 2003 Jul;74(1):182-91 [12730615] Science. 2004 Jan 9;303(5655):226-9 [14716013] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004 Jan 15;194(2):156-68 [14736496] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1978 Nov;46(2):279-303 [734660] Biometrics. 1988 Jun;44(2):417-31 [3390507] Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Dec;106(12):775-92 [9831538] Pharmacol Toxicol. 1991 Dec;69(6):450-8 [1766921] Eur J Pharmacol. 1992 Dec 1;228(4):179-99 [1335882] Toxicology. 1995 Dec 28;105(2-3):391-401 [8571375] Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 1996;12:55-89 [8970722] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Dec;147(2):267-80 [9439722] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1990;21(1):51-88 [2124811] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spread of vaccine-derived poliovirus from a paralytic case in an immunodeficient child: an insight into the natural evolution of oral polio vaccine. AN - 67332128; 15613335 AB - Sabin strains used in the manufacture of oral polio vaccine (OPV) replicate in the human organism and can give rise to vaccine-derived polioviruses. The increased neurovirulence of vaccine derivatives has been known since the beginning of OPV use, but their ability to establish circulation in communities has been recognized only recently during the latest stages of the polio eradication campaign. This important observation called for studies of their emergence and evolution as well as extensive surveillance to determine the scope of this phenomenon. Here, we present the results of a study of vaccine-derived isolates from an immunocompromised poliomyelitis patient, the contacts, and the local sewage. All isolates were identified as closely related and slightly evolved vaccine derivatives with a recombinant type 2/type 1 genome. The strains also shared several amino acid substitutions including a mutation in the VP1 protein that was previously shown to be associated with the loss of attenuation. Another mutation in the VP3 protein resulted in altered immunological properties of the isolates, possibly facilitating virus spread in immunized populations. The patterns and rates of the accumulation of synonymous mutations in isolates collected from the patient over the extended period of excretion suggest either a substantially nonuniform rate of mutagenesis throughout the genome, or, more likely, the strains may have been intratypic recombinants between coevolving derivatives with different degrees of divergence from the vaccine parent. This study provides insight into the early stages of the establishment of circulation by runaway vaccine strains. JF - Journal of virology AU - Cherkasova, E A AU - Yakovenko, M L AU - Rezapkin, G V AU - Korotkova, E A AU - Ivanova, O E AU - Eremeeva, T P AU - Krasnoproshina, L I AU - Romanenkova, N I AU - Rozaeva, N R AU - Sirota, L AU - Agol, V I AU - Chumakov, K M AD - Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 1401 Rockville Pike, HFM-470, Rockville, MD 20852-1448, USA. Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 1062 EP - 1070 VL - 79 IS - 2 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - Humans KW - Recombination, Genetic KW - Genome, Viral KW - Mutation KW - Evolution, Molecular KW - Poliomyelitis -- virology KW - Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral -- genetics KW - Poliovirus -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67332128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=Spread+of+vaccine-derived+poliovirus+from+a+paralytic+case+in+an+immunodeficient+child%3A+an+insight+into+the+natural+evolution+of+oral+polio+vaccine.&rft.au=Cherkasova%2C+E+A%3BYakovenko%2C+M+L%3BRezapkin%2C+G+V%3BKorotkova%2C+E+A%3BIvanova%2C+O+E%3BEremeeva%2C+T+P%3BKrasnoproshina%2C+L+I%3BRomanenkova%2C+N+I%3BRozaeva%2C+N+R%3BSirota%2C+L%3BAgol%2C+V+I%3BChumakov%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Cherkasova&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1062&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-27 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Virology. 1993 Jan;192(1):18-26 [8390752] J Pediatr. 1975 Jul;87(1):152-3 [1151541] J Gen Virol. 1997 Aug;78 ( Pt 8):1819-28 [9266975] J Virol. 1997 Oct;71(10):7758-68 [9311861] J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Oct;36(10):2893-9 [9738040] Yale J Biol Med. 1962 Apr;34:512-21 [14492408] Biologicals. 2005 Mar;33(1):29-39 [15713554] Virus Res. 1991 Jul;20(2):159-79 [1659060] Science. 2002 Apr 12;296(5566):356-9 [11896235] J Virol. 2002 Jul;76(13):6791-9 [12050392] Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2002 Jul 19;77(29):241-2 [12149772] J Virol. 2002 Nov;76(21):10921-8 [12368335] J Gen Virol. 2003 Mar;84(Pt 3):573-80 [12604808] J Gen Virol. 2003 May;84(Pt 5):1215-21 [12692287] Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2003 Apr 25;78(17):138-44 [12754761] J Virol. 2003 Aug;77(15):8366-77 [12857906] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9398-403 [12878723] Rev Med Virol. 2003 Sep-Oct;13(5):277-91 [12931339] J Virol. 2003 Dec;77(23):12460-5 [14610170] J Infect Dis. 2003 Dec 15;188(12):1845-52 [14673763] J Gen Virol. 2004 Feb;85(Pt 2):369-77 [14769894] J Virol. 2004 May;78(9):4876-83 [15078968] Bull World Health Organ. 2004 Jan;82(1):16-23 [15106296] Am J Epidemiol. 1999 Nov 15;150(10):1001-21 [10568615] Virology. 1999 Dec 20;265(2):178-84 [10600590] J Virol. 2000 Apr;74(7):3001-10 [10708414] Bull World Health Organ. 2000;78(3):347-57 [10812731] J Virol. 2000 Aug;74(16):7381-90 [10906191] Acta Virol. 2000 Apr;44(2):109-17 [10989702] J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Oct;38(10):3729-34 [11015392] J Virol. 2001 Jul;75(13):5740-51 [11390576] MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2001 Oct 12;50(40):874-5 [11666115] Dev Biol (Basel). 2001;105:69-72 [11763339] Lancet Infect Dis. 2001 Dec;1(5):299-303 [11871802] J Mol Biol. 1984 Apr 25;174(4):561-85 [6202874] Virology. 1988 Dec;167(2):507-14 [2849237] J Med Virol. 1991 Dec;35(4):290-6 [1666406] J Pediatr. 1971 Oct;79(4):642-7 [4106164] J Clin Microbiol. 1995 Oct;33(10):2562-6 [8567883] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of ethanol on the tumorigenicity of urethane (ethyl carbamate) in B6C3F1 mice. AN - 67329899; 15582191 AB - Urethane is a carcinogen to which there is widespread exposure through the consumption of fermented foods and alcoholic beverages. In this study, we have assessed the carcinogenicity of urethane in combination with ethanol. Male and female B6C3F(1) mice (48 mice per sex per group) were exposed to 0, 10, 30, or 90 ppm urethane in the presence of 0%, 2.5%, or 5% ethanol in drinking water ad libitum for two years, at which time the extent of tumorigenesis was assessed. Additional mice (four per sex per group) received the same doses for four weeks to assess serum levels of urethane and ethanol, DNA adduct formation, and the induction of microsomal cytochromes P450, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Urethane decreased cell replication in the livers of female, but not male, mice, decreased cell replication in the lungs of both sexes, and induced cytochrome P450 2E1 in the livers of female mice. Hepatic levels of the DNA adduct 1,N(6)-ethenodeoxyadenosine were increased by exposure to urethane and decreased by treatment with ethanol. Animal weights and survival were not affected by ethanol; in contrast, urethane administration decreased body weights and survival. Urethane caused dose-dependent increases in liver, lung, and harderian gland adenoma or carcinoma and hemangiosarcoma of the liver and heart in both sexes, mammary gland and ovarian tumors in females, and squamous cell papilloma or carcinoma of the skin and forestomach in males. The increase in hepatocellular tumors occurred in a relatively linear manner and was attributed to the formation of 1,N(6)-ethenodeoxyadenosine in hepatic DNA coupled with an increase in cell replication. Hemangiosarcomas were observed only at the 90 ppm urethane dose and were probably a result of high-dose urethane-induced toxicity. Lung alveolar/bronchiolar and harderian gland adenoma or carcinoma increased in a relatively linear manner, suggestive of a genotoxic mechanism for tumor induction. Ethanol induced a dose-dependent trend in hepatocellular adenoma or carcinoma in male mice, with the incidence being marginally increased at the highest dose. In female mice administered 10 ppm and 90 ppm urethane, ethanol caused dose-related increases in alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma or carcinoma and hemangiosarcoma of the heart, respectively. This may be due to ethanol decreasing the first-pass clearance of urethane, thus, increasing systemic distribution. In male mice a different relationship was observed: ethanol caused a dose-related decrease in alveolar/bronchiolar and harderian gland adenoma or carcinoma in mice administered 30 ppm urethane. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Beland, Frederick A AU - Benson, R Wayne AU - Mellick, Paul W AU - Kovatch, Robert M AU - Roberts, Dean W AU - Fang, Jia-Long AU - Doerge, Daniel R AD - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, HFT-110, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States. fbeland@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 1 EP - 19 VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Urethane KW - 3IN71E75Z5 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Sex Factors KW - Random Allocation KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Male KW - Female KW - Survival Analysis KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- epidemiology KW - Ethanol -- blood KW - Urethane -- blood KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Ethanol -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- analysis KW - Urethane -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67329899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Effect+of+ethanol+on+the+tumorigenicity+of+urethane+%28ethyl+carbamate%29+in+B6C3F1+mice.&rft.au=Beland%2C+Frederick+A%3BBenson%2C+R+Wayne%3BMellick%2C+Paul+W%3BKovatch%2C+Robert+M%3BRoberts%2C+Dean+W%3BFang%2C+Jia-Long%3BDoerge%2C+Daniel+R&rft.aulast=Beland&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-16 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A proportionate mortality study of bricklayers and allied craftworkers. AN - 67326229; 15597362 AB - Mortality among members of the International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers (IUBAC) is examined. Bricklayers and allied craft workers may be exposed to cobalt, epoxy resins, pitch, lime, and to lung carcinogens such as asbestos, silica, and nickel. Proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs) were computed using US age-, gender-, and race-specific mortality rates for members who died during 1986-1991. Statistically significant PMRs among white men were found for cancers of the esophagus (PMR=134), stomach (PMR=131), respiratory system, trachea, bronchus, and lung (PMR=144), other parts of the respiratory system (PMR=216), other and unspecified sites (PMR=125). Elevated PMRs were also found for other diseases of the blood and blood forming organs (PMR=201), emphysema (PMR=133) and for asbestosis (PMR=554), and other respiratory diseases (PMR=119). Results are consistent with those found in previous studies, and suggest the need for intervention activities directed at the prevention of these cancers, and other respiratory diseases. Copyright (c) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American journal of industrial medicine AU - Salg, Joyce AU - Alterman, Toni AD - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA. Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 10 EP - 19 VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Labor Unions -- statistics & numerical data KW - Cohort Studies KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- mortality KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Construction Materials KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cause of Death KW - Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67326229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.atitle=A+proportionate+mortality+study+of+bricklayers+and+allied+craftworkers.&rft.au=Salg%2C+Joyce%3BAlterman%2C+Toni&rft.aulast=Salg&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-08 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective alterations of gene expression in mice induced by MPTP. AN - 67256101; 15499605 AB - 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,4,6,-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a selective neurotoxin that produces striatal dopamine depletion resulting in parkinsonism like symptoms in humans and is, therefore, used to generate animal models for Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, C57BL/6N mice were treated with MPTP acutely (3x20 mg/kg, 2-hour interval, one day injection). Mice were then sacrificed 24 hours after the last injection and brain tissue was collected for analysis. Significant decrease of striatal dopamine (DA) and the metabolites (DOPAC, HVA) was observed after MPTP treatment. MPTP also reduced protein expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the striatum. Real time RT-PCR was used to examine selective genes of the dopaminergic system in the substantia nigra. Our data demonstrated that MPTP significantly decreased gene expression of TH, dopamine transporter (DAT), and vesicle monoamine transporter (VMAT), coinciding with the pattern of dopamine concentration changes and protein expression after MPTP treatment. Although a significant decrease of DA metabolites was observed in striatum, there was no change in the expression of monoamine oxidases (MAO-A, MAO-B) or catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT), indicating that these changes might be simply a consequence of reduced monoamine levels. In addition, gene expression of alpha-synuclein was also decreased with MPTP treatment, but there was no change in beta-synuclein and parkin. This is the first study using real-time PCR to indicate that MPTP selectively alters gene expression and provides information for clinical studies in PD. Future studies will focus on gene expression of other pathways that may be affected by MPTP treatment and investigation of gene expression in specific cell types in vivo using LCM technology. copyright (c) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Synapse (New York, N.Y.) AU - Xu, Z AU - Cawthon, D AU - McCastlain, K A AU - Slikker, W AU - Ali, S F AD - Neurochemistry Laboratory, Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA. Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 45 EP - 51 VL - 55 IS - 1 SN - 0887-4476, 0887-4476 KW - Dopamine Agents KW - 0 KW - Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins KW - Membrane Glycoproteins KW - Membrane Transport Proteins KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Slc6a3 protein, mouse KW - Snca protein, mouse KW - Sncb protein, mouse KW - Synucleins KW - Vesicular Biogenic Amine Transport Proteins KW - alpha-Synuclein KW - beta-Synuclein KW - 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid KW - 102-32-9 KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine KW - 9P21XSP91P KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.16.2 KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Homovanillic Acid KW - X77S6GMS36 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase -- metabolism KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Homovanillic Acid -- metabolism KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- genetics KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase -- genetics KW - 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid -- metabolism KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- metabolism KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Membrane Transport Proteins -- genetics KW - Membrane Transport Proteins -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- genetics KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Dopamine Agents -- pharmacology KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67256101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Synapse+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Selective+alterations+of+gene+expression+in+mice+induced+by+MPTP.&rft.au=Xu%2C+Z%3BCawthon%2C+D%3BMcCastlain%2C+K+A%3BSlikker%2C+W%3BAli%2C+S+F&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Synapse+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08874476&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-17 N1 - Date created - 2004-11-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Creating a Vision for Afterschool Partnerships AN - 62138096; ED485653 AB - Creating and sharing a common vision is a critical element for the success of afterschool programs. This tool is intended to help the growing number of new afterschool partnerships create a shared vision for their work. It contains information to educate partners on what a vision statement is and the purpose it serves; provides two alternative techniques for creating a vision; and includes a variety of considerations for planning teams as they finalize a vision statement. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 20 PB - The Finance Project, 1401 New York Ave., NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20005. Tel: 202- 628-4200; Web site: www.financeproject.org. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Community KW - Practitioners KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Position Papers KW - After School Programs KW - Program Development KW - Cooperative Planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62138096?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons with Co-Occurring Disorders. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 42 AN - 62074180; ED489875 AB - Treatment Improvement Protocols (TIPs), developed by the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT), part of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), are best-practice guidelines for the treatment of substance use disorders. CSAT draws on the experience and knowledge of clinical, research, and administrative experts to produce the TIPs, which are distributed to a growing number of facilities and individuals across the country. This TIP revises TIP 9, "Assessment and Treatment of Patients with Coexisting Mental Illness and Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse." The main purpose of this TIP is to provide addiction counselors and other practitioners with this state-of-the-art information on the rapidly advancing field of co-occurring substance use and mental disorders. Following a discussion of the evolving field of co-occurring disorders, this document addresses the developments that led to this TIP. It then describes the scope of this TIP (both what is included and what is excluded by design), its intended audience, and the basic approach that has guided the selection of strategies, techniques, and models highlighted in the text. The organization of the TIP is laid out for readers, with the components of each chapter and appendix described in an effort to help users of the TIP quickly locate subject of immediate interest. Chapters in this TIP include: (1) Introduction; (2) Definitions, Terms, and Classification Systems for Co-Occurring Disorders; (3) Keys to Successful Programming; (4) Assessment; (5) Strategies for Working With Clients With Co-Occurring Disorders; (6) Traditional Settings and Models; (7) Special Settings and Specific Populations; (8) A Brief Overview of Specific Mental Disorders and Cross-Cutting Issues; and (9) Substance-Induced Disorders. Appended are: (1) Bibliography; (2) Acronyms; (3) Glossary of Terms; (4) Specific Mental Disorders: Additional Guidance for the Counselor; (5) Emerging Models; (6) Common Medications for Disorders; (7) Screening and Assessment Instruments; (8) Sample Screening Instruments; (9) Selected Sources of Training; (10) Dual Recovery Mutual Self-Help Programs and Other Resources for Consumers and Providers; (11) Confidentiality; (12) Resource Panel; (13) Cultural Competency and Diversity Network Participants; and (14) Field Reviewers. An index is also included. (Contains 53 figures and approximately 750 references.) [This publication was produced by The CDM Group, Inc. for the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS).] Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 590 PB - SAMHSA's National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information (NCADI), P.O. Box 2345, Rockville, MD 20847-2345. Tel: 800-729- 6686 (Toll Free); Tel: 301-468-2600; TDD: 800-487-4889 (Toll Free). KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Counselors KW - Practitioners KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Self Help Programs KW - Substance Abuse KW - Drug Therapy KW - Confidentiality KW - Guidelines KW - Models KW - Screening Tests KW - Evaluation Methods KW - Rehabilitation Counseling KW - Counseling Techniques KW - Classification KW - Cultural Influences KW - Mental Disorders UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62074180?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Brain: Our Sense of Self. The NIH Curriculum Supplement Series AN - 62018192; ED494481 AB - "The Brain: Our Sense of Self" has several objectives. One is to introduce students to the key concept that the sense of self, our sense of identity, is contained within the brain. Through inquiry-based activities, students investigate brain function and the various roles of the brain within the nervous system. A second objective is to allow students to develop the understanding that brain function is not predetermined; the brain can change with learning throughout life. The lessons in this module help students sharpen their skills in observation, critical thinking, experimental design, and data analysis. They also make connections to other disciplines such as English, history, mathematics, and social science. A third objective is to convey to students the purpose of scientific research. Ongoing research affects how the world is understood and gives the foundation for improving choices about personal and community health. In this module, students experience how science provides evidence that can be used to understand and treat human disease. Because the mission of the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke includes helping the public understand the importance of brain and nervous system function to health, education is an important activity for the Institute. AU - Bascobert, Ric Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 175 PB - National Institutes of Health. US Department of Health and Human Services, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teachers KW - Science Education KW - Student Improvement KW - Learning Modules KW - Scientific Concepts KW - Guidance Programs KW - Lifelong Learning KW - Brain KW - Research Design KW - Skill Development KW - Anatomy KW - Public Health KW - Scientific Research KW - Enrichment Activities KW - Neurological Organization KW - Student Educational Objectives KW - Neurology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62018192?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Doing Science: The Process of Scientific Inquiry AN - 62008259; ED494480 AB - This curriculum supplement, from The NIH Curriculum Supplement Series, brings cutting-edge medical science and basic research discoveries from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) into classrooms. It was designed to complement existing life science curricula at both the state and local levels and to be consistent with the National Science Education Standards. Doing Science: The Process of Scientific Inquiry has four objectives. The first is to help students understand the basic aspects of scientific inquiry. The second objective is to provide students with an opportunity to practice and refine their critical-thinking skills. The third objective is to convey to students the purpose of scientific research. The final objective of this module is to encourage students to think in terms of these relationships now and as they grow older. Middle school life science classes offer an ideal setting for integrating many areas of student interest. In this module, students participate in activities that integrate inquiry science, human health, and mathematics, and interweave science, technology, and society. The real-life context of the module's classroom lessons is engaging, and the knowledge gained can be applied immediately to students' lives. The four lessons of this module are designed to be taught in sequence over six to eight days (as a supplement to the standard curriculum) or as individual lessons that support and enhance the treatment of specific concepts in middle school science. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 138 PB - National Institutes of Health. US Department of Health and Human Services, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892. SN - 1929614209 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teachers KW - Middle Schools KW - Thinking Skills KW - Science Education KW - Science Curriculum KW - Integrated Curriculum KW - Critical Thinking KW - Biological Sciences KW - Inquiry KW - Secondary School Science KW - Student Interests KW - Scientific Research KW - Relevance (Education) KW - Academic Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62008259?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, No. 1: Who Are the Children in Foster Care? Research Brief: Findings from the NSCAW Study AN - 61911839; ED501302 AB - Over 530,000 children are in foster care in the United States. These children live in a variety of settings, including non-relative foster homes, the homes of relatives, and group homes. This research brief offers a national portrait of children who had been in foster care for one year. The National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW) is unique in providing not only information on the demographic characteristics of these children and information on their maltreatment and placement experiences, but also carefully gathered data on their well-being. This report ascertains: (1) the characteristics of children in foster care for one year; (2) the experiences of abuse or neglect that have brought these children into the child welfare system; (3) where these children reside; and (4) how children in foster for one year are faring in terms of health and cognitive and social development. The findings indicate that children who have been in foster care for one year vary in age and race. They are most likely to have experienced some form of neglect as their most serious maltreatment, and a significant number had experienced multiple types of maltreatment. Most of these children are residing in non-kin foster care settings. The multiple difficulties experienced by children in foster care suggest that these children require substantial resources that are likely to go beyond the service capacity of most child welfare agencies. This is the first in a series of NSCAW research briefs, developed by Caliber Associates from the Baseline Report, focused on children in foster care who come into contact with the Child Protective System. (Contains 7 figures and 1 note.) Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 4 PB - US Department of Health and Human Services. 200 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20201. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Cognitive Development KW - Individual Characteristics KW - Well Being KW - Place of Residence KW - Welfare Services KW - Racial Differences KW - Foster Care KW - Group Homes KW - Child Welfare KW - Placement KW - Child Neglect KW - Social Development KW - Child Abuse KW - Age Differences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61911839?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, No. 2: Foster Children's Caregivers and Caregiving Environments. Research Brief: Findings from the NSCAW Study AN - 61911280; ED501303 AB - Over 530,000 children are in foster care in the United States, living in a variety of settings, including non-relative foster homes, the homes of relatives, and group homes. However, little research has been available to provide a national picture of the circumstances in which these children reside. The National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW) presents a unique profile of the experiences of children in foster care in the United States. Focusing on a national sample of children in foster care for one year, it provides a portrait of foster caregivers and foster caregiving environments, as well as the perceptions that children themselves have about their foster caregivers and their experiences in foster care. This research brief provides a portrait of those taking care of foster children in our country, the environments in which these children are being cared for, the children's perceptions about their caregiving arrangements, and the plans for reunification of this population. The NSCAW data reveal some favorable findings, such as the positive feelings that children express toward their foster parents and families, particularly those children in kinship care. However, the findings also highlight some issues for future consideration, such as the frequency of children's family visits, the large household size in non-kin foster homes, the relatively low educational and economic status of both kin and non-kin caregivers, and the less positive perceptions of caregiving environments expressed by children in group care. This is the second in a series of NSCAW research briefs, developed by Caliber Associates from the Baseline Report, focused on children in foster care who come into contact with the Child Protective System. (Contains 7 figures.) Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 4 PB - US Department of Health and Human Services. 200 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20201. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Caregiver Child Relationship KW - At Risk Persons KW - Family Environment KW - Individual Characteristics KW - Well Being KW - Socioeconomic Status KW - Family Relationship KW - Educational Attainment KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Children KW - Child Welfare KW - Foster Care KW - Group Homes KW - Caregivers KW - Attitude Measures KW - Age Differences KW - Adolescents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61911280?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, No. 3: Children's Cognitive and Socioemotional Development and Their Receipt of Special Educational and Mental Health Services. Research Brief: Findings from the NSCAW Study AN - 61911200; ED501304 AB - This research brief describes the developmental risks present in a cohort of children coming into contact with the child welfare system between 1999 and 2000, as well as the services the children receive to address these risks. The findings are drawn from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW), a unique study that provides detailed information about the well-being and experiences of children and families in the child welfare system. This research brief juxtaposes data on the developmental risks present in children who have been investigated by child protective services (CPS) with their levels of service receipt approximately 7 months after investigation (on average). The brief concentrates on the cognitive and socioemotional development of children and answers the following questions: (1) What proportion of children in this study show significant developmental delays in the areas of cognitive and socioemotional development? (2) Given the level of need, what percentage of children in the NSCAW is receiving mental health and special educational services?; (3) How do these levels of need and service receipt compare for preschool age and school age children? and (4) Are there differences in the needs and service receipt of children in in-home and out-of-home care? The NSCAW data indicate that both preschoolers and school age children in contact with the child welfare system show a variety of developmental risks. Many children involved with the child welfare system are not receiving needed services that will enhance their future development. Moreover, the findings suggest that child welfare agency staff need better tools for assessing children's developmental needs. This is the third in a series of NSCAW research briefs, developed by Caliber Associates from the Wave 1 CPS Report, focused on children coming into contact with the Child Welfare System. (Contains 3 figures.) Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 4 PB - US Department of Health and Human Services. 200 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20201. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Early Childhood Education KW - At Risk Persons KW - Special Education KW - Cognitive Development KW - Young Children KW - Well Being KW - Developmental Delays KW - Childhood Needs KW - Mental Health KW - Child Welfare KW - Emotional Development KW - Health Needs KW - Health Services KW - Child Development KW - Social Development KW - Access to Health Care KW - Age Differences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61911200?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using Data to Make Decisions: Planning HIV/AIDS Care under the Ryan White CARE Act AN - 61301384; 200604472 AB - This article describes the challenges of using data to plan & fund HIV/AIDS care services for underserved populations under the Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Act. It also outlines methods that have been developed by the Health Resources & Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services to assist community planning groups in using data to decide how to target limited federal resources under the CARE Act. Use of CARE Act dollars is guided largely by an array of legislatively identified priority areas, such as targeting of low income HIV-infected individuals who are not in care for their HIV disease. CARE Act program guidance covers the use of epidemiologic HIV & AIDS case data, quantification of unmet need for HIV care, guidance on making objective decisions on priorities for funding within a community planning process, & other instructions on the use of data in making decisions. References. Adapted from the source document. JF - AIDS Education and Prevention AU - Hayes, Celia AU - Gambrell, Alan AU - Young, Steven AU - Conviser, Richard AD - Health Resources & Services Administration, HIV/AIDS Bureau, Rockville, MD chayes@hrsa.gov Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 17 EP - 25 PB - Guilford Publications, New York NY VL - 17 IS - supplement 13 SN - 0899-9546, 0899-9546 KW - Health Care Services Policy KW - Health Research KW - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome KW - United States of America KW - Legislation KW - Health Care Services KW - article KW - 7211: health policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61301384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIDS+Education+and+Prevention&rft.atitle=Using+Data+to+Make+Decisions%3A+Planning+HIV%2FAIDS+Care+under+the+Ryan+White+CARE+Act&rft.au=Hayes%2C+Celia%3BGambrell%2C+Alan%3BYoung%2C+Steven%3BConviser%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=Celia&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=supplement+13&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIDS+Education+and+Prevention&rft.issn=08999546&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - AEPREO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; Health Care Services; Legislation; Health Care Services Policy; Health Research; United States of America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in Provider Capitation, 1996-2000 AN - 60004997; 200620690 AB - We examine the extent to which the health care services delivered by physicians & hospitals in public & private health plans are capitated, & how this changed from 1996 to 2000. The data are from the 1996 to 2000 years of the nationally representative Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Information on whether health care use was covered by capitated arrangements was obtained from billing offices of physicians & hospitals. We compare changes in the percentage of office-based physician visits, hospital outpatient department (OPD) visits, hospital emergency department (ED) visits, & hospital inpatient stays that are covered by capitation arrangements. We also compare differences by health insurance coverage & socio-demographic characteristics. We use standard two-tail tests of significance, accounting for the complex survey design of the MEPS. We find that only 15 percent of visits to office-based physicians were capitated in 1996, declining to 13 percent in 2000. Even among HMO enrollees, visits covered by a provider capitation arrangement represented a minority of all office visits, declining to 25 percent for Private HMO enrollees & 15 percent for Medicaid HMO enrollees in 2000. Even smaller proportions of hospital services were capitated. Conclusions: Capitation remains relatively rare even among public & private HMO enrollees. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Economic and Social Measurement AU - Zuvekas, Samuel H AU - Cohen, Joel W AD - Division Social & Economic Research, Center Financing/Access/Cost Trends, Agency Healthcare Research & Quality, Rockville, MD szuvekas@ahrq.gov Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 145 EP - 156 PB - IOS Press, Amsterdam The Netherlands VL - 30 IS - 2-3 SN - 0747-9662, 0747-9662 KW - Capitation, HMOs, Medicaid, private plans KW - Public Sector KW - Private Sector KW - Health Maintenance Organizations KW - Health Insurance KW - Medicaid KW - Physicians KW - Payments KW - Health Care Utilization KW - Hospitals KW - article KW - 2045: sociology of health and medicine; sociology of medicine & health care UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60004997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+and+Social+Measurement&rft.atitle=Trends+in+Provider+Capitation%2C+1996-2000&rft.au=Zuvekas%2C+Samuel+H%3BCohen%2C+Joel+W&rft.aulast=Zuvekas&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Economic+and+Social+Measurement&rft.issn=07479662&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JEMEEZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Health Maintenance Organizations; Private Sector; Public Sector; Payments; Medicaid; Physicians; Health Care Utilization; Hospitals; Health Insurance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated Survey Designs: A Framework for Nonresponse Bias Reduction AN - 60004962; 200619398 AB - The quality & data content of household specific health surveys are often enhanced through integrated designs which include the conduct of follow back surveys to medical providers & facilities that have provided care to household respondents. In terms of data quality, household reported medical conditions can be evaluated for accuracy relative to provider specific records on medical conditions for the same patient & specific health events. With respect to health care expenditures collected from household respondents for their reported health care events, available linked medical provider level data is a more accurate source of information. The availability of such supplemental data on use & expenditures allows for the conduct of methodological studies to evaluate the accuracy of household reported data & informs adjustment strategies to household data in the absence of provider specific data to reduce bias attributable to response error. In this paper, the capacity of integrated survey designs to achieve reductions in bias attributable to survey nonresponse is discussed. Examples are drawn from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), an ongoing longitudinal panel survey designed to produce estimates of health care utilization, expenditures, sources of payment, & insurance coverage of the US civilian non-institutionalized population. References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Economic and Social Measurement AU - Cohen, Steven B AD - Center Financing/Access/Cost Trends, Agency Healthcare Research & Quality, Rockville, MD scohen@ahrq.gov Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 101 EP - 114 PB - IOS Press, Amsterdam The Netherlands VL - 30 IS - 2-3 SN - 0747-9662, 0747-9662 KW - survey integration, nonresponse KW - Methodology (Data Collection) KW - Health Research KW - Research Responses KW - Surveys KW - Patients KW - Data Quality KW - Bias KW - Research Design KW - article KW - 2045: sociology of health and medicine; sociology of medicine & health care KW - 0104: methodology and research technology; research methods/tools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60004962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+and+Social+Measurement&rft.atitle=Integrated+Survey+Designs%3A+A+Framework+for+Nonresponse+Bias+Reduction&rft.au=Cohen%2C+Steven+B&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Economic+and+Social+Measurement&rft.issn=07479662&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JEMEEZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Health Research; Surveys; Research Design; Methodology (Data Collection); Patients; Research Responses; Bias; Data Quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Utility of Probabilistic Models to Identify Individuals with Future High Medical Expenditures AN - 60003263; 200619450 AB - In this paper, an evaluation model is presented to assess the utility of probabilistic models in terms of their capacity to successfully oversample policy relevant population subgroups that are subject to transitions. Examples of these applications are drawn from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Given the high concentration of health care expenditures in a given year among a relatively small percentage of the population, a prediction model that can accurately identify the persistence of high levels of expenditures is an important analytical tool. This type of modeling effort also enhances the ability to discern the causes of high health care expenses & the characteristics of the individuals who incur them. This feature also applies to prediction models that can accurately identify those individuals with persistently low or average levels of expenditures. The models that are presented have particular relevance as statistical tools to facilitate efficient sampling strategies that permit the selection of an over-sample of individuals likely to incur high levels of medical expenditures in the future. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Economic and Social Measurement AU - Cohen, Steven B AU - Ezzati-Rice, Trena AU - Yu, William AD - Center Financing/Access/Cost Trends, Agency Healthcare Research & Quality, Rockville, MD scohen@ahrq.gov Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 135 EP - 144 PB - IOS Press, Amsterdam The Netherlands VL - 30 IS - 2-3 SN - 0747-9662, 0747-9662 KW - Medical expenditure predictions, MEPS KW - Expenditures KW - Prediction Models KW - Health Care Costs KW - article KW - 0105: methodology and research technology; statistical methods KW - 2045: sociology of health and medicine; sociology of medicine & health care UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60003263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+and+Social+Measurement&rft.atitle=The+Utility+of+Probabilistic+Models+to+Identify+Individuals+with+Future+High+Medical+Expenditures&rft.au=Cohen%2C+Steven+B%3BEzzati-Rice%2C+Trena%3BYu%2C+William&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Economic+and+Social+Measurement&rft.issn=07479662&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JEMEEZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Health Care Costs; Expenditures; Prediction Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design in weak rock masses; Nevada underground mining operations AN - 51545623; 2006-070893 AB - A major focus of the ground-control research now being conducted by the Spokane Research Laboratory of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is to incorporate data on weak rock masses into existing design relationships, with an emphasis on updating the span design curve for manned entries and the overbreak curve for longhole entries. Both curves were originally developed at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. The original database has been augmented by information from mines throughout the United States, Canada, Australia and Europe. The common factor in all these mines is the presence of a weak back and/or walls. In most cases, the ore zone is the weakest rock unit and must be stabilized so that the mineral-bearing rock can be extracted safety. Current NIOSH research attempts to provide rock mechanics tools to assist a mine operator in making economic decisions that will also ensure a safe working environment. This paper documents the Nevada database with a special emphasis on Nevada underground gold mines. JF - Transactions of Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration AU - Brady, T AU - Pakalnis, R AU - Clark, L Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 182 EP - 189 PB - Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, CO VL - 318 SN - 1075-8623, 1075-8623 KW - United States KW - rock masses KW - mining KW - underground mining KW - strength KW - weak rocks KW - stability KW - cut-and-fill mining KW - rock mechanics KW - safety KW - mining geology KW - Nevada KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51545623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+Society+for+Mining%2C+Metallurgy%2C+and+Exploration&rft.atitle=Design+in+weak+rock+masses%3B+Nevada+underground+mining+operations&rft.au=Brady%2C+T%3BPakalnis%2C+R%3BClark%2C+L&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=318&rft.issue=&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+Society+for+Mining%2C+Metallurgy%2C+and+Exploration&rft.issn=10758623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cut-and-fill mining; design; mining; mining geology; Nevada; rock masses; rock mechanics; safety; stability; strength; underground mining; United States; weak rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanics of the overthrust belt from Augusta to Glacier National Park; sequential thrusting of progressively older strata and vital role of transcurrent displacements during thrusting AN - 51314925; 2008-001574 JF - Northwest Geology AU - White, Brian G A2 - Gibson, Richard I. A2 - Thomas, Robert C. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 39 EP - 41 PB - University of Montana, Department of Geology, Missoula, MT VL - 34 SN - 0096-7769, 0096-7769 KW - United States KW - lineation KW - North America KW - Cretaceous KW - joints KW - Lewis and Clark County Montana KW - Augusta Montana KW - Mesozoic KW - Montana KW - geometry KW - Glacier National Park KW - fractures KW - style KW - slickensides KW - Sawtooth Range KW - overthrust faults KW - mechanics KW - tectonics KW - faults KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51314925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Geology&rft.atitle=Mechanics+of+the+overthrust+belt+from+Augusta+to+Glacier+National+Park%3B+sequential+thrusting+of+progressively+older+strata+and+vital+role+of+transcurrent+displacements+during+thrusting&rft.au=White%2C+Brian+G&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northwest+Geology&rft.issn=00967769&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://trgs.org/pubs.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 30th annual field conference, Sun River canyon & Choteau, Montana N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MT N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - NWGYAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Augusta Montana; Cretaceous; faults; fractures; geometry; Glacier National Park; joints; Lewis and Clark County Montana; lineation; mechanics; Mesozoic; Montana; North America; overthrust faults; Sawtooth Range; slickensides; style; tectonics; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground-control design for highwall mining AN - 50270280; 2006-070894 AB - Highwall mining is an important surface coal mining method, and it may account for approximately 4% of total U.S. coal production. Highwall stability is the major ground-control related safety concern. Ground-control plans for highwall mining should specify hole width, web pillar width, barrier pillar width and number of holes between barriers. This paper offers simple design charts for these parameters aimed at providing "ballpark" checks. Web pillars containing preexisting auger holes are analyzed and a design chart for estimating their minimum width is also presented. Finally, close proximity multiple seam highwall mining, which may have caused several serious highwall failures, is analyzed. Web and barrier pillar recommendations for this special situation are presented. JF - Transactions of Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration AU - Zipf, R K, Jr Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 226 EP - 235 PB - Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, CO VL - 318 SN - 1075-8623, 1075-8623 KW - mining KW - underground mining KW - highwall mining KW - strength KW - roof control KW - stability KW - mathematical models KW - rock mechanics KW - sedimentary rocks KW - longwall mining KW - coal KW - pillars KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50270280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+Society+for+Mining%2C+Metallurgy%2C+and+Exploration&rft.atitle=Ground-control+design+for+highwall+mining&rft.au=Zipf%2C+R+K%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Zipf&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=318&rft.issue=&rft.spage=226&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+Society+for+Mining%2C+Metallurgy%2C+and+Exploration&rft.issn=10758623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coal; highwall mining; longwall mining; mathematical models; mining; pillars; rock mechanics; roof control; sedimentary rocks; stability; strength; underground mining ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incentive effects on self-report of drug use and other measures of response quality in the alcohol and drug services study AN - 37771865; 3292602 AB - The Alcohol and Drug Services Study (ADSS) was conducted for the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration between 1996 and 1999 to assess the nation's substance abuse treatment system. The sample for ADSS was selected using a multi-stage stratified design. Clients were sampled from selected substance abuse treatment facilities as part of the Phase II sample. Client follow-up comprised interviews and urine specimen collection in Phase III of the survey. One component of ADSS examined the impact of different incentive payments on measures of response rate and response quality using ADSS Phase III client interview data. To test for the effects of four payment levels, several measures of response quality were used. The analysis of consistency involving respondent self-reports, abstracted record data, and urine test results showed no conclusive evidence that incentive payments have any positive or negative effect on data consistency. The analysis of item non-response rates showed that an increase in incentive payments was associated with a subtle decrease in item type non-response rates. Furthermore, mixed results were observed when analyzing the relationship between incentive payment and clients reporting more (or less) of certain types of behavior. Reprinted by permission of IOS Press JF - Journal of economic and social measurement AU - Krenzke, T AU - Mohadjer, L AU - Ritter, G AU - Gadzuk, A AD - WESTAT ; Brandeis University ; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 191 EP - 217 VL - 30 IS - 2-3 SN - 0747-9662, 0747-9662 KW - Economics KW - Sociology KW - Survey analysis KW - Health economics KW - Health care KW - Health policy KW - Social surveys KW - U.S.A. KW - Drug abuse KW - Social services KW - Panel surveys KW - Public health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37771865?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.atitle=Incentive+effects+on+self-report+of+drug+use+and+other+measures+of+response+quality+in+the+alcohol+and+drug+services+study&rft.au=Krenzke%2C+T%3BMohadjer%2C+L%3BRitter%2C+G%3BGadzuk%2C+A&rft.aulast=Krenzke&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.issn=07479662&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5778 4025; 5775 13521; 5788 11888 10472; 10449 5772; 3742 1121 11776 3753 3755; 11928 11949 13521; 11940 12429; 12426 3279 971 3286; 9149 12429; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The differential impact of incentives on refusals: results from the 2001 national household survey on drug abuse incentive experiment AN - 37771203; 3292600 AB - Research has demonstrated that cash incentives paid to respondents in sample surveys can increase the level of cooperation, reduce non-response bias, and lower data collection costs. However, recent research has shown that gains in response rate and reduced data collection costs associated with monetary incentives may vary across sub-groups in the population. Consequently, monetary incentives may result in inconsistent reductions in non-response error and systemic changes in sample composition. This paper describes an incentive experiment conducted as part of the 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA), and evaluates the impact of monetary incentives on measures of cooperation for different population sub-groups. Findings indicate that the incentive had a positive impact on cooperation. Furthermore, the incentive neither introduced additional differences in cooperation propensities, nor did it eliminate the pre-existing differences in cooperation among population sub-groups. Reprinted by permission of IOS Press JF - Journal of economic and social measurement AU - Eyerman, J AU - Bowman, K AU - Butler, D AU - Wright, D AD - RTI International ; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 157 EP - 169 VL - 30 IS - 2-3 SN - 0747-9662, 0747-9662 KW - Economics KW - Sociology KW - Survey analysis KW - Data collection KW - Health economics KW - Health care KW - Survey data KW - Social surveys KW - Empirical research KW - U.S.A. KW - Drug abuse KW - Financial incentives KW - Methodology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37771203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.atitle=The+differential+impact+of+incentives+on+refusals%3A+results+from+the+2001+national+household+survey+on+drug+abuse+incentive+experiment&rft.au=Eyerman%2C+J%3BBowman%2C+K%3BButler%2C+D%3BWright%2C+D&rft.aulast=Eyerman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.issn=07479662&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5778 4025; 5775 13521; 4200 10902; 12427 12429; 3286; 12426 3279 971 3286; 11940 12429; 4926 3944 3889 6071 1542 11325; 3742 1121 11776 3753 3755; 7994; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of household and medical provider reported health care utilization and an estimation strategy to correct for response error AN - 37770369; 3292596 AB - In health care surveys similar to the MEPS, the use of additional administrative data and medical records for survey participants permits additional methodological investigations and evaluations to examine the accuracy of household reported data. When differentials are observed in the response profiles through these evaluations and comparisons, the design permits well specified adjustment and estimation strategies to correct for measurement error. In addition to serving as the primary source for the expenditures in the MEPS, the design of the Medical Provider Component provides data that could potentially facilitate adjustments to household reported utilization data that correct for reporting errors (both under-reporting and over-reporting (telescoping errors)), under the assumption that the medical provider reports are the gold standard. In this paper, we examine the level of concordance between household and medical provider utilization reports. An adjustment strategy to correct for response error attributable to household utilization reports is also presented. Reprinted by permission of IOS Press JF - Journal of economic and social measurement AU - Cohen, S B AU - Wun, L M AD - Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 115 EP - 126 VL - 30 IS - 2-3 SN - 0747-9662, 0747-9662 KW - Economics KW - Sociology KW - Survey analysis KW - Data collection KW - Health economics KW - Health care KW - Survey data KW - Social surveys KW - Empirical research KW - Medical personnel KW - Panel surveys KW - Methodology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37770369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+household+and+medical+provider+reported+health+care+utilization+and+an+estimation+strategy+to+correct+for+response+error&rft.au=Cohen%2C+S+B%3BWun%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.issn=07479662&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5778 4025; 5775 13521; 4200 10902; 7994; 12427 12429; 3286; 9149 12429; 11940 12429; 12426 3279 971 3286; 7884 13682 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incentive effects on cooperation rates and sample composition in the alcohol and drug services study AN - 37770224; 3292601 AB - In the past, incentive payments have proven successful in increasing survey response rates. In particular, incentives have been shown to increase the yield rate for harder-to-interview respondents. Despite this success, incentives are not without controversy. Opponents note that incentives may make the survey appear less important, destroy civic responsibility, and create an unnecessary expectation. Over time researchers may have to pay sizable incentives to achieve the response rates obtained 20 years ago before the use of incentives was common. Incentives could also have a detrimental impact on sample composition. The Alcohol and Drug Services Study (ADSS) included an incentive payment sub-study as part of its client follow-up phase. The sample for this sub-study randomized clients into four groups. One group was paid $25, the amount received by other responding clients in the ADSS main study. Respondents in the other three groups were paid an alternative amount (i.e., $0, $10, or $35). In examining the impact of varying incentives to sampling benchmarks, such as response rate and sample composition, the ADSS incentive sub-study found that the fears of opponents concerning the use of incentives were substantially unfounded, at least among the substance abuse treatment clients in the follow-up phase of ADSS. Reprinted by permission of IOS Press JF - Journal of economic and social measurement AU - Ritter, G AU - Reif, S AU - Gadzuk, A AU - Krenzke, T AU - Mohadjer, L AU - Lee, M AU - Horgan, C M AD - Brandeis University ; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration ; WESTAT Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 171 EP - 189 VL - 30 IS - 2-3 SN - 0747-9662, 0747-9662 KW - Economics KW - Sociology KW - Survey analysis KW - Data collection KW - Health economics KW - Health care KW - Survey data KW - Social surveys KW - U.S.A. KW - Drug abuse KW - Social services KW - Methodology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37770224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.atitle=Incentive+effects+on+cooperation+rates+and+sample+composition+in+the+alcohol+and+drug+services+study&rft.au=Ritter%2C+G%3BReif%2C+S%3BGadzuk%2C+A%3BKrenzke%2C+T%3BMohadjer%2C+L%3BLee%2C+M%3BHorgan%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Ritter&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.issn=07479662&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5778 4025; 5775 13521; 12427 12429; 3286; 11940 12429; 12426 3279 971 3286; 7994; 3742 1121 11776 3753 3755; 11928 11949 13521; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An examination of skewed health expenditure data from the medical expenditure panel survey (MEPS) AN - 37769693; 3292597 AB - The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component (MEPS-HC) is designed to provide nationally representative annual estimates of health care use, expenditures, sources of payment, and insurance coverage for the US civilian noninstitutionalized population. The expenditure data from MEPS have been shown to exhibit a marked positive skewness, with a few high expenditure respondents and many low or zero expenditure respondents. As a consequence of this departure from the normal distribution, the frequency with which a conventional confidence interval for a MEPS expenditure estimate will not capture the true population parameter may be higher than the probability stated for the confidence interval. Based on repeated sample simulations using data from the 1996 to 2001 MEPS-HC, this paper evaluates and compares the actual probability achieved for confidence intervals derived from expenditure data by types of expenditure and varying sample sizes. The results are also compared to estimated confidence probabilities obtained from repeated sample simulations for other types of variables that do not exhibit as marked a positive skewness as health care expenditures. Reprinted by permission of IOS Press JF - Journal of economic and social measurement AU - Yu, W W AU - Machlin, S R AD - Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 127 EP - 134 VL - 30 IS - 2-3 SN - 0747-9662, 0747-9662 KW - Economics KW - Sociology KW - Survey analysis KW - Health economics KW - Household expenditure KW - Health care KW - Survey data KW - Statistical analysis KW - Statistical methods KW - Panel data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37769693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.atitle=An+examination+of+skewed+health+expenditure+data+from+the+medical+expenditure+panel+survey+%28MEPS%29&rft.au=Yu%2C+W+W%3BMachlin%2C+S+R&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.issn=07479662&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5778 4025; 5775 13521; 6036 4618; 9144 8160 8163; 12427 12429; 12426 3279 971 3286; 12228 10919; 12224 971 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-response bias from the national household survey on drug abuse incentive experiment AN - 37768317; 3292603 AB - The purpose of this paper is to determine whether giving a monetary incentive has an effect on reported drug use rates. Sampling weights were adjusted to account for the differential response rates between the incentive and non-incentive cases. Then logistic regression models of substance use were fitted as a function of the incentive level ($0, $20, and $40) while controlling on other variables that might mask the relationship. The incentive had a statistically significant effect on the reported past-year use of marijuana and on past-month use of cocaine, but no effect on past-month or lifetime use of marijuana. Offering a monetary incentive to respond can result in different estimated prevalence rates for the incentive and non-incentive groups. The extent of the difference may be a function of the perceived level of social disapproval of the substance and the reference period (past month, past year, or any past use). Some of the difference appears to be due to differences in substance use rates between the group that had traditionally reported without an incentive and the new group attracted by the incentive. Other differences appear to result from more honest reporting among the traditional respondents. Reprinted by permission of IOS Press JF - Journal of economic and social measurement AU - Wright, D AU - Bowman, K AU - Butler, D AU - Eyerman, J AD - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration ; RTI International Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 219 EP - 231 VL - 30 IS - 2-3 SN - 0747-9662, 0747-9662 KW - Economics KW - Sociology KW - Survey analysis KW - Health economics KW - Health care KW - Households KW - Social surveys KW - U.S.A. KW - Drug abuse KW - Bias KW - Panel surveys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37768317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.atitle=Non-response+bias+from+the+national+household+survey+on+drug+abuse+incentive+experiment&rft.au=Wright%2C+D%3BBowman%2C+K%3BButler%2C+D%3BEyerman%2C+J&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.issn=07479662&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5778 4025; 5775 13521; 6040 5676; 3742 1121 11776 3753 3755; 9149 12429; 11940 12429; 12426 3279 971 3286; 1565 1362 2688 2449 10404; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of trends in health care costs, coverage and use AN - 37767349; 3292696 JF - Journal of economic and social measurement AU - Cohen, S B AU - Wun, L M AU - Yu, W W AU - Machlin, S R AU - Ezzati-Rice, T AU - Zuvekas, S H AU - Cohen, J W AU - Eyerman, J AU - Bowman, K AU - Butler, D AU - Wright, D AU - Ritter, G AU - Reif, S AU - Gadzuk, A AU - Krenzke, T AU - Mohadjer, L AU - Lee, M AU - Horgan, C M AU - Kulka, Richard A AU - McNeeley, Madeline E AD - Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality ; RTI International ; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration ; Brandeis University ; WESTAT Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 97 EP - 249 VL - 30 IS - 2-3 SN - 0747-9662, 0747-9662 KW - Economics KW - Sociology KW - Hospital management KW - Data collection KW - Survey analysis KW - Health economics KW - Statistical analysis KW - Empirical research KW - U.S.A. KW - Drug abuse KW - Statistical methods KW - Panel data KW - Medical personnel KW - Methodology KW - Evaluation KW - Household expenditure KW - Health care KW - Survey data KW - Social surveys KW - Bias KW - Panel surveys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37767349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+trends+in+health+care+costs%2C+coverage+and+use&rft.au=Cohen%2C+S+B%3BWun%2C+L+M%3BYu%2C+W+W%3BMachlin%2C+S+R%3BEzzati-Rice%2C+T%3BZuvekas%2C+S+H%3BCohen%2C+J+W%3BEyerman%2C+J%3BBowman%2C+K%3BButler%2C+D%3BWright%2C+D%3BRitter%2C+G%3BReif%2C+S%3BGadzuk%2C+A%3BKrenzke%2C+T%3BMohadjer%2C+L%3BLee%2C+M%3BHorgan%2C+C+M%3BKulka%2C+Richard+A%3BMcNeeley%2C+Madeline+E&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+economic+and+social+measurement&rft.issn=07479662&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Collection of 9 articles N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5778 4025; 5775 13521; 9149 12429; 11940 12429; 12426 3279 971 3286; 4200 10902; 7994; 1565 1362 2688 2449 10404; 3286; 7884 13682; 6036 4618; 12224 971; 12228 10919; 4551; 9144 8160 8163; 12427 12429; 6004 7625; 3742 1121 11776 3753 3755; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mental hygiene and socio-environmental factors AN - 36497693; 3305238 JF - Milbank quarterly AU - Felix, R H AU - Bowers, R V AD - US Public Health Service Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 625 EP - 646 VL - 83 IS - 4 SN - 0887-378X, 0887-378X KW - Sociology KW - Environment KW - Ecology KW - Social conditions KW - Mental illness KW - Mental health KW - U.S.A. KW - Health services KW - Psychiatry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36497693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milbank+quarterly&rft.atitle=Mental+hygiene+and+socio-environmental+factors&rft.au=Felix%2C+R+H%3BBowers%2C+R+V&rft.aulast=Felix&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=625&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Milbank+quarterly&rft.issn=0887378X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7947 5772 7954; 3858; 7951 6220 7954; 4309; 10391; 5792 10484; 11791; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population trends and problems of public health AN - 36495976; 3305236 JF - Milbank quarterly AU - Perrott, George St.J. AU - Holland, Dorothy F AD - US Public Health Service Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 569 EP - 608 VL - 83 IS - 4 SN - 0887-378X, 0887-378X KW - Economics KW - Sociology KW - Demography KW - Mortality KW - Population ageing KW - Health policy KW - U.S.A. KW - Life expectancy KW - Population policy KW - Health services KW - Public health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36495976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milbank+quarterly&rft.atitle=Population+trends+and+problems+of+public+health&rft.au=Perrott%2C+George+St.J.%3BHolland%2C+Dorothy+F&rft.aulast=Perrott&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Milbank+quarterly&rft.issn=0887378X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10449 5772; 9848 655; 3412; 5788 11888 10472; 9874 5574 10472; 8291 3409 6306; 7397 8291 3409 6306; 5792 10484; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic molecular interactions linking the T cell antigen receptor to the actin cytoskeleton AN - 222748180; 15558067 AB - T cell receptor (TCR) engagement leads to actin polymerization at the site of T cell contact with antigen-presenting cells. Here we have studied the dynamic activity of proteins involved in regulating actin polymerization in live T cells after activation. Two such adaptor proteins, Nck and the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp), were recruited to the TCR during initial T cell activation, where they colocalized with the tyrosine kinase Zap70. The recruitment of Nck and WASp depended on TCR-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and the LAT and SLP-76 adaptors. Nck and WASp migrated peripherally and accumulated at an actin-rich circumferential ring. Thus, actin polymerization regulated by the TCR begins at the TCR. Molecules recruited to the TCR regulate actin polymerization and this process drives plasma membrane movement and cellular spreading. JF - Nature Immunology AU - Barda-Saad, Mira AU - Braiman, Alex AU - Titerence, Rachel AU - Bunnell, Stephen C AU - Barr, Valarie A AU - Samelson, Lawrence E Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 80 EP - 9 CY - New York PB - Nature Publishing Group VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 15292908 KW - Medical Sciences--Allergology And Immunology KW - Actins KW - Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing KW - Nck protein KW - Oncogene Proteins KW - Proteins KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell KW - WAS protein, human KW - Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein KW - Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases KW - Actins -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Humans KW - Cell Culture Techniques KW - Proteins -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- physiology KW - Oncogene Proteins -- metabolism KW - Cytoskeleton -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- metabolism KW - Actins -- metabolism KW - Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/222748180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthcompleteshell&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Immunology&rft.atitle=Dynamic+molecular+interactions+linking+the+T+cell+antigen+receptor+to+the+actin+cytoskeleton&rft.au=Barda-Saad%2C+Mira%3BBraiman%2C+Alex%3BTiterence%2C+Rachel%3BBunnell%2C+Stephen+C%3BBarr%2C+Valarie+A%3BSamelson%2C+Lawrence+E&rft.aulast=Barda-Saad&rft.aufirst=Mira&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Immunology&rft.issn=15292908&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fni1143 LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright Nature Publishing Group Jan 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ni1143 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microarray scanner calibration curves: characteristics and implications AN - 21228307; 11700987 AB - Background Microarray-based measurement of mRNA abundance assumes a linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity and the dye concentration. In reality, however, the calibration curve can be nonlinear. Results By scanning a microarray scanner calibration slide containing known concentrations of fluorescent dyes under 18 PMT gains, we were able to evaluate the differences in calibration characteristics of Cy5 and Cy3. First, the calibration curve for the same dye under the same PMT gain is nonlinear at both the high and low intensity ends. Second, the degree of nonlinearity of the calibration curve depends on the PMT gain. Third, the two PMTs (for Cy5 and Cy3) behave differently even under the same gain. Fourth, the background intensity for the Cy3 channel is higher than that for the Cy5 channel. The impact of such characteristics on the accuracy and reproducibility of measured mRNA abundance and the calculated ratios was demonstrated. Combined with simulation results, we provided explanations to the existence of ratio underestimation, intensity-dependence of ratio bias, and anti-correlation of ratios in dye-swap replicates. We further demonstrated that although Lowess normalization effectively eliminates the intensity-dependence of ratio bias, the systematic deviation from true ratios largely remained. A method of calculating ratios based on concentrations estimated from the calibration curves was proposed for correcting ratio bias. Conclusion It is preferable to scan microarray slides at fixed, optimal gain settings under which the linearity between concentration and intensity is maximized. Although normalization methods improve reproducibility of microarray measurements, they appear less effective in improving accuracy. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Shi, Leming AU - Tong, Weida AU - Su, Zhenqiang AU - Han, Tao AU - Han, Jing AU - Puri, Raj K AU - Fang, Hong AU - Frueh, Felix W AU - Goodsaid, Federico M AU - Guo, Lei AU - Branham, William S AU - Chen, James J AU - Xu, Z Alex AU - Harris, Stephen C AU - Hong, Huixiao AU - Xie, Qian AU - Perkins, Roger G AU - Fuscoe, James C AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA, leming.shi@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - S11 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB UK VL - 6 IS - Suppl 2 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Fluorescence KW - Scanning KW - Abundance KW - Fluorescent indicators KW - Bioinformatics KW - nonlinear systems KW - mRNA KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21228307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Microarray+scanner+calibration+curves%3A+characteristics+and+implications&rft.au=Shi%2C+Leming%3BTong%2C+Weida%3BSu%2C+Zhenqiang%3BHan%2C+Tao%3BHan%2C+Jing%3BPuri%2C+Raj+K%3BFang%2C+Hong%3BFrueh%2C+Felix+W%3BGoodsaid%2C+Federico+M%3BGuo%2C+Lei%3BBranham%2C+William+S%3BChen%2C+James+J%3BXu%2C+Z+Alex%3BHarris%2C+Stephen+C%3BHong%2C+Huixiao%3BXie%2C+Qian%3BPerkins%2C+Roger+G%3BFuscoe%2C+James+C&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Leming&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=S11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-S2-S11 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Abundance; mRNA; Fluorescent indicators; Scanning; nonlinear systems; Fluorescence; Bioinformatics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-S2-S11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CHRONIC DRUG EXPOSURES DURING DEVELOPMENT IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES: MODELS OF BRAIN DYSFUNCTION IN HUMANS AN - 21223875; 11188817 AB - This review of our work presents three specific examples of how nonhuman primates (rhesus monkeys, Macaca mulatta) have been used to study the effects of chronic drug exposures on brain function during different stages of development. In all cases, exposure levels similar to those experienced by humans were employed and the focus was on long-term-not acute-effects. In the case of the marijuana studies, exposures occurred during the adolescent period; for the cocaine studies, exposures occurred in binge-iike fashion entirely before birth (in utero); and for the remacemide studies, exposures occurred daily in juveniles, prior to adolescence. An automated battery of behavioral tasks, the National Center for Toxicological Research Operant Test Battery (NCTR OTB), designed to assess aspects of motivation, visual discrimination, time perception, short-term memory, and learning, was used to monitor treatment effects. Chronic marijuana smoke exposure resulted in an 'amotivational' syndrome-even in weekend-only smokers-that resolved within three months of exposure cessation. In utero cocaine exposure was shown to cause behavioral rigidity or lack of plasticity as evidenced by the difficulty of subjects to adjust to rules changes for some OTB tasks. These effects were seen in adult subjects suggesting that the effects of gestational cocaine exposure are long-term or permanent. In addition, animals exposed to cocaine in utero were less sensitive to the behaviorally-disrupting effects of cocaine as adults. Remacemide caused profound and long-lasting, perhaps permanent, changes in learning task performance and because performance of this same task by children is significantly correlated with traditional measures of intelligence (IQ), these data suggest that such treatment may provide a valuable model of chemically-induced mental retardation. JF - Frontiers in Bioscience AU - Paule, M G AD - Behavioral Toxicology Laboratories, Division of Neurotoxicology, HFT-132, FDA's National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079-9502, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 2240 EP - 2249 VL - 10 SN - 1093-9946, 1093-9946 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Learning KW - Data processing KW - Motivation KW - Operant conditioning KW - Temporal perception KW - Adolescence KW - Brain KW - Developmental stages KW - Drug development KW - Intrauterine exposure KW - Drug abuse KW - Children KW - Primates KW - Short term memory KW - Smoke KW - Birth KW - Intelligence KW - Plasticity (behavioral) KW - Cannabis KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Mental retardation KW - Cocaine KW - Visual discrimination KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse KW - N3 11001:Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21223875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Bioscience&rft.atitle=CHRONIC+DRUG+EXPOSURES+DURING+DEVELOPMENT+IN+NONHUMAN+PRIMATES%3A+MODELS+OF+BRAIN+DYSFUNCTION+IN+HUMANS&rft.au=Paule%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Paule&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Frontiers+in+Bioscience&rft.issn=10939946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Learning; Data processing; Operant conditioning; Motivation; Temporal perception; Adolescence; Brain; Developmental stages; Drug development; Intrauterine exposure; Children; Drug abuse; Short term memory; Birth; Smoke; Intelligence; Plasticity (behavioral); Cannabis; Mental retardation; Cocaine; Visual discrimination; Macaca mulatta; Primates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of pharmacometrics on drug approval and labeling decisions: A survey of 42 new drug applications AN - 21170367; 11177609 AB - The value of quantitative thinking in drug development and regulatory review is increasingly being appreciated. Modeling and simulation of data pertaining to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and disease progression is often referred to as the pharmacometrics analyses. The objective of the current report is to assess the role of pharmacometrics at the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in making drug approval and labeling decisions. The New Drug Applications (NDAs) submitted between 2000 and 2004 to the Cardio-renal, Oncology, and Neuropharmacology drug products divisions were surveyed. For those NDA reviews that included a pharmacometrics consultation, the clinical pharmacology scientists ranked the impact on the regulatory decision(s). Of about a total of 244 NDAs, 42 included a pharmacometrics component. Review of NDAs involved independent, quantitative evaluation by FDA pharmacometricians, even when such analysis was not conducted by the sponsor. Pharmacometric analyses were pivotal in regulatory decision making in more than half of the 42 NDAs. Of the 14 reviews that were pivotal to approval related decisions, 5 identified the need for additional trials, whereas 6 reduced the burden of conducting additional trials. Collaboration among the FDA clinical pharmacology, medical, and statistical reviewers and effective communication with the sponsors was critical for the impact to occur. The survey and the case studies emphasize the need for early interaction between the FDA and sponsors to plan the development more efficiently by appreciating the regulatory expectations better. JF - AAPS Journal AU - Bhattaram, Venkatesh A AU - Booth, Brian P AU - Ramchandani, Roshni P AU - Beasley, B Nhi AU - Wang, Yaning AU - Tandon, Veneeta AU - Duan, John Z AU - Baweja, Raman K AU - Marroum, Patrick J AU - Uppoor, Ramana S AU - Rahman, Nam Atiqur AU - Sahajwalla, Chandrahas G AU - Powell, J Robert AU - Mehta, Mehul U AU - Gobburu, Jogarao V S AD - Food and Drug Administration, 1451 Rockville Pike, Rm 2039, HFD-860, 20852 Rockville, MD, jogarao.gobburu@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - E503 EP - E512 PB - American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1550-7416, 1550-7416 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Decision making KW - Statistics KW - Data processing KW - Pharmacology KW - Reviews KW - Communication KW - Drug development KW - Oncology KW - Clinical trials KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Pharmacodynamics KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21170367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AAPS+Journal&rft.atitle=Impact+of+pharmacometrics+on+drug+approval+and+labeling+decisions%3A+A+survey+of+42+new+drug+applications&rft.au=Bhattaram%2C+Venkatesh+A%3BBooth%2C+Brian+P%3BRamchandani%2C+Roshni+P%3BBeasley%2C+B+Nhi%3BWang%2C+Yaning%3BTandon%2C+Veneeta%3BDuan%2C+John+Z%3BBaweja%2C+Raman+K%3BMarroum%2C+Patrick+J%3BUppoor%2C+Ramana+S%3BRahman%2C+Nam+Atiqur%3BSahajwalla%2C+Chandrahas+G%3BPowell%2C+J+Robert%3BMehta%2C+Mehul+U%3BGobburu%2C+Jogarao+V+S&rft.aulast=Bhattaram&rft.aufirst=Venkatesh&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=E503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AAPS+Journal&rft.issn=15507416&rft_id=info:doi/10.1208%2Faapsj070351 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Decision making; Data processing; Statistics; Pharmacology; Reviews; Communication; Oncology; Drug development; Clinical trials; Pharmacodynamics; Pharmacokinetics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/aapsj070351 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupational exposures and reproductive health: 2003 Teratology Society Meeting Symposium summary AN - 21045457; 6207182 AB - Assuring reproductive health in the workplace challenges researchers, occupational safety and health practitioners, and clinicians. Most chemicals in the workplace have not been evaluated for reproductive toxicity. Although occupational exposure limits are established to protect 'nearly all' workers, there is little research that characterizes reproductive hazards. For researchers, improvements in epidemiologic design and exposure assessment methods are needed to conduct adequate reproductive studies. Occupational safety and health programs' qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the workplace for reproductive hazards may differ from standardized approaches used for other occupational hazards in that estimates of exposure intensity must be considered in the context of the time-dependent windows of reproductive susceptibility. Clinicians and counselors should place the risk estimate into context by emphasizing the limitations of the available knowledge and the qualitative nature of the exposure estimates, as well as what is known about other non- occupational risk factors for adverse outcomes. This will allow informed decision-making about the need for added protections or alternative duty assignment when a hazard cannot be eliminated. These policies should preserve a worker's income, benefits, and seniority. Applying hazard control technologies and hazard communication training can minimize a worker's risk. Chemical reproductive hazard training is required for workers by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's Hazard Communication Standard. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has formed a National Occupational Research Agenda Team to promote communication and partnering among reproductive toxicologists, clinicians and epidemiologists, to improve reproductive hazard exposure assessment and management, and to encourage needed research. JF - Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology AU - Grajewski, Barbara AU - Coble, Joseph B AU - Frazier, Linda M AU - McDiarmid, Melissa A AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, BAG2@CDC.GOV Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 157 EP - 163 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 1542-9733, 1542-9733 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) KW - reproductive medicine KW - occupational exposure KW - occupational medicine KW - interdisciplinary communication KW - health education KW - exposure assessment KW - Decision making KW - Risk factors KW - Occupational hazards KW - Communication KW - Teratology KW - Congenital defects KW - Toxicity KW - Occupational exposure KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21045457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birth+Defects+Research+Part+B%3A+Developmental+and+Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Occupational+exposures+and+reproductive+health%3A+2003+Teratology+Society+Meeting+Symposium+summary&rft.au=Grajewski%2C+Barbara%3BCoble%2C+Joseph+B%3BFrazier%2C+Linda+M%3BMcDiarmid%2C+Melissa+A&rft.aulast=Grajewski&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Birth+Defects+Research+Part+B%3A+Developmental+and+Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=15429733&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbdrb.20039 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Decision making; Risk factors; Occupational hazards; Teratology; Communication; Congenital defects; Toxicity; Occupational exposure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdrb.20039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of genetic toxicology information for risk assessment AN - 20635809; 7375218 AB - Genetic toxicology data are used worldwide in regulatory decision-making. On the 25th anniversary of Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, we think it is important to provide a brief overview of the currently available genetic toxicity tests and to outline a framework for conducting weight-of-the-evidence (WOE) evaluations that optimize the utility of genetic toxicology information for risk assessment. There are two major types of regulatory decisions made by agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA): (1) the approval and registration of pesticides, Pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and medical-use products, and (2) the setting of standards for acceptable exposure levels in air, water, and food. Genetic toxicology data are utilized for both of these regulatory decisions. The current default assumption for regulatory decisions is that chemicals that are shown to be genotoxic in standard tests are, in fact, capable of causing mutations in humans (in somatic and/or germ cells) and that they contribute to adverse health outcomes via a "genotoxic/mutagenic" mode of action (MOA). The new EPA Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment [Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, USEPA, 2005, EPA Publication No. EPA/630/P-03/001F] emphasize the use of MOA information in risk assessment and provide a framework to help identify a possible mutagenic and/or nonmutagenic MOA for potential adverse effects. An analysis of the available genetic toxicity data is now, more than ever, a key component to consider in the derivation of an MOA for characterizing observed adverse health outcomes such as cancer. We provide our perspective and a two-step strategy for evaluating genotoxicity data for optimal use in regulatory decision-making. The strategy includes integration of all available information and provides, first, for a WOE analysis as to whether a chemical is a mutagen, and second, whether an adverse health outcome is mediated via a mutagenic MOA. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Dearfield, K L AU - Moore, M M AD - NCTR, US FDA, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, mmmoore@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 236 EP - 245 VL - 46 IS - 4 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Mutagens KW - Data processing KW - Genotoxicity KW - Germ cells KW - Carcinogens KW - Toxicity KW - Cancer KW - Mutagenesis KW - Integration KW - Decision making KW - Reviews KW - Pesticides KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Mutation KW - Side effects KW - G 07710:Chemical Mutagenesis & Radiation KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20635809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Use+of+genetic+toxicology+information+for+risk+assessment&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+K+L%3BMoore%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fem.20176 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Mutagens; Data processing; Genotoxicity; Germ cells; Toxicity; Carcinogens; Cancer; Mutagenesis; Decision making; Integration; Reviews; Pesticides; Pharmaceuticals; Mutation; Side effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.20176 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects on instruments of the World Health Organization-recommended protocols for decontamination after possible exposure to transmissible spongiform encephalopathy-contaminated tissue AN - 20559783; 8078551 AB - It has been recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that rigorous decontamination protocols be used on surgical instruments that have been exposed to tissue possibly contaminated with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). This study was designed to examine the effects of these protocols on various types of surgical instruments. The most important conclusions are: (1) autoclaving in 1N NaOH will cause darkening of some instruments; (2) soaking in 1N NaOH at room temperature damages carbon steel but not stainless steel or titanium; (3) soaking in chlorine bleach will badly corrode gold-plated instruments and will damage some, but not all, stainless-steel instruments, especially welded and soldered joints. Damage became apparent after the first exposure and therefore long tests are not necessary to establish which instruments will be damaged. JF - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B AU - Brown, Stanley A AU - Merritt, Katharine AU - Woods, Terry O AU - Busick, Deanna N AD - United States Food & Drug Administration, Center of Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Technology, Rockville, Maryland 20850, sab@cdrh.fda.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 186 EP - 190 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. VL - 72B IS - 1 SN - 1552-4973, 1552-4973 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Titanium KW - Carbon KW - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease KW - Disease control KW - Decontamination KW - Chlorine KW - Steel KW - Bleaches KW - stainless steel KW - Joints KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20559783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research+Part+B&rft.atitle=Effects+on+instruments+of+the+World+Health+Organization-recommended+protocols+for+decontamination+after+possible+exposure+to+transmissible+spongiform+encephalopathy-contaminated+tissue&rft.au=Brown%2C+Stanley+A%3BMerritt%2C+Katharine%3BWoods%2C+Terry+O%3BBusick%2C+Deanna+N&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=72B&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research+Part+B&rft.issn=15524973&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjbm.b.30125 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Titanium; Carbon; Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; Disease control; Chlorine; Decontamination; Steel; Bleaches; Joints; stainless steel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.30125 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying levels of p53 mutation in mouse skin tumors AN - 20378173; 7763236 AB - Allele-specific competitive blocker PCR (ACB-PCR) amplification and quantification was developed for mouse p53 codon 270 CGTTGT base substitution and codon 244/245 AAC/CGCAAT/TGC tandem mutation. PCR products corresponding to p53 mutant and wild-type DNA sequences were generated. These DNAs were mixed in known proportions to construct samples with defined mutant fractions and the allele-specific detection of each mutation was systematically optimized. Each assay was used to analyze eight simulated solar light (SSL)-induced tumors. By analyzing mutant fraction (MF) standards in parallel with PCR products generated from tumor samples, p53 mutants could be quantified as subpopulations within the tumors. All eight tumors contained detectable levels of p53 codon 270 CGTTGT mutation. Three tumors had p53 MFs between 10-4 and 10-3. Five tumors had p53 MFs between 10-3 and 10-2. None of the eight mouse skin tumors had measurable levels of p53 codon 244/245 tandem mutation. Frequent detection of p53 codon 270 CGTTGT mutation provides additional evidence that a pyrimidine dinucleotide overlapping a methylated CpG site (PyrmeCG) is a susceptible target for SSL-induced mutagenesis. The absence of p53 codon 244/245 mutation in tumors may be explained by its mutant p53 phenotype and/or indicate that this site is not methylated. These initial results indicate that p53 codon 270 CGTTGT mutation may be a sensitive biomarker for SSL- or UV-induced mutagenesis. This mutational endpoint may be useful for evaluating the co-carcinogenicity of compounds administered in combination with UV or SSL. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Verkler, Tracie L AU - Couch, Letha H AU - Howard, Paul C AU - Parsons, Barbara L AD - Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, bparsons@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 427 EP - 434 PB - John Wiley & Sons, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 45 IS - 5 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Skin KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Subpopulations KW - CpG islands KW - Tumors KW - biomarkers KW - Light effects KW - Mutagenesis KW - p53 protein KW - U.V. radiation KW - Codons KW - pyrimidines KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Mutation KW - G 07870:Mammals KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20378173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Quantifying+levels+of+p53+mutation+in+mouse+skin+tumors&rft.au=Verkler%2C+Tracie+L%3BCouch%2C+Letha+H%3BHoward%2C+Paul+C%3BParsons%2C+Barbara+L&rft.aulast=Verkler&rft.aufirst=Tracie&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fem.20108 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Skin; Subpopulations; Nucleotide sequence; Tumors; CpG islands; biomarkers; p53 protein; Mutagenesis; Light effects; U.V. radiation; Codons; Polymerase chain reaction; pyrimidines; Mutation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.20108 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A microarray study of MPP super(+)-treated PC12 Cells: Mechanisms of toxicity (MOT) analysis using bioinformatics tools AN - 20226845; 6492930 AB - Background This paper describes a microarray study including data quality control, data analysis and the analysis of the mechanism of toxicity (MOT) induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP super(+)) in a rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12 cells) using bioinformatics tools. MPP super(+) depletes dopamine content and elicits cell death in PC12 cells. However, the mechanism of MPP super(+)-induced neurotoxicity is still unclear. Results In this study, Agilent rat oligo 22K microarrays were used to examine alterations in gene expression of PC12 cells after 500 mu M MPP super(+) treatment. Relative gene expression of control and treated cells represented by spot intensities on the array chips was analyzed using bioinformatics tools. Raw data from each array were input into the NCTR ArrayTrack database, and normalized using a Lowess normalization method. Data quality was monitored in ArrayTrack. The means of the averaged log ratio of the paired samples were used to identify the fold changes of gene expression in PC12 cells after MPP super(+) treatment. Our data showed that 106 genes and ESTs (Expressed Sequence Tags) were changed 2-fold and above with. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Xu, Z AU - Patterson, T A AU - Wren, J D AU - Han, T AU - Shi, L AU - Duhart, H AU - Ali, S F AU - Slikker, W Jr AD - Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1 VL - 6 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - MPP super(+) KW - DNA microarrays KW - expressed sequence tags KW - Gene expression KW - Databases KW - Cell death KW - Pheochromocytoma cells KW - Dopamine KW - Quality control KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20226845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=A+microarray+study+of+MPP+super%28%2B%29-treated+PC12+Cells%3A+Mechanisms+of+toxicity+%28MOT%29+analysis+using+bioinformatics+tools&rft.au=Xu%2C+Z%3BPatterson%2C+T+A%3BWren%2C+J+D%3BHan%2C+T%3BShi%2C+L%3BDuhart%2C+H%3BAli%2C+S+F%3BSlikker%2C+W+Jr&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-S2-S8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Databases; Cell death; Dopamine; Data processing; Pheochromocytoma cells; MPP super(+); Quality control; Neurotoxicity; Bioinformatics; expressed sequence tags; DNA microarrays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-S2-S8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cross-platform comparability of microarray technology: Intra-platform consistency and appropriate data analysis procedures are essential AN - 20225350; 6492934 AB - Background The acceptance of microarray technology in regulatory decision-making is being challenged by the existence of various platforms and data analysis methods. A recent report (E. Marshall, Science, 306, 630-631, 2004), by extensively citing the study of Tan et al. (Nucleic Acids Res., 31, 5676-5684, 2003), portrays a disturbingly negative picture of the cross-platform comparability, and, hence, the reliability of microarray technology. Results We reanalyzed Tan's dataset and found that the intra-platform consistency was low, indicating a problem in experimental procedures from which the dataset was generated. Furthermore, by using three gene selection methods (i.e., p-value ranking, fold-change ranking, and Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM)) on. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Shi, L AU - Tong, W AU - Fang, H AU - Scherf, U AU - Han, J AU - Puri, R K AU - Frueh, F W AU - Goodsaid, F M AU - Guo, L AU - Su, Z AU - Han, T AU - Fuscoe, J C AU - Xu, Z A AU - Patterson, T A AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1 VL - 6 KW - Biotechnology Research Abstracts (through 1992) KW - Decision making KW - nucleic acids KW - Data processing KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20225350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Cross-platform+comparability+of+microarray+technology%3A+Intra-platform+consistency+and+appropriate+data+analysis+procedures+are+essential&rft.au=Shi%2C+L%3BTong%2C+W%3BFang%2C+H%3BScherf%2C+U%3BHan%2C+J%3BPuri%2C+R+K%3BFrueh%2C+F+W%3BGoodsaid%2C+F+M%3BGuo%2C+L%3BSu%2C+Z%3BHan%2C+T%3BFuscoe%2C+J+C%3BXu%2C+Z+A%3BPatterson%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-S2-S12 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; nucleic acids; Decision making; Bioinformatics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-S2-S12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quality control and quality assessment of data from surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) time-of flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) AN - 20223900; 6492927 AB - Background Proteomic profiling of complex biological mixtures by the ProteinChip technology of surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (SELDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the most promising approaches in toxicological, biological, and clinic research. The reliable identification of protein expression patterns and associated protein biomarkers that differentiate disease from health or that distinguish different stages of a disease depends on developing methods for assessing the quality of SELDI-TOF mass spectra. The use of SELDI data for biomarker identification requires application of rigorous procedures to detect and discard low quality spectra prior to data analysis. Results The systematic variability from plates, chips, and spot positions in SELDI experiments was evaluated using biological and technical replicates. Systematic biases on plates, chips, and spots were not found. The reproducibility of SELDI experiments was demonstrated by examining the resulting low coefficient of. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Hong, H AU - Dragan, Y AU - Epstein, J AU - Teitel, C AU - Chen, B AU - Xie, Q AU - Fang, H AU - Shi, L AU - Perkins, R AU - Tong, W AD - Division of Bioinformatics, Z-Tech at FDA's National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1 VL - 6 KW - Biotechnology Research Abstracts (through 1992) KW - Desorption KW - Data processing KW - Quality control KW - Lasers KW - proteomics KW - Bioinformatics KW - Ionization KW - biomarkers KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20223900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Quality+control+and+quality+assessment+of+data+from+surface-enhanced+laser+desorption%2Fionization+%28SELDI%29+time-of+flight+%28TOF%29+mass+spectrometry+%28MS%29&rft.au=Hong%2C+H%3BDragan%2C+Y%3BEpstein%2C+J%3BTeitel%2C+C%3BChen%2C+B%3BXie%2C+Q%3BFang%2C+H%3BShi%2C+L%3BPerkins%2C+R%3BTong%2C+W&rft.aulast=Hong&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-S2-S5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Mass spectroscopy; biomarkers; Lasers; Desorption; Quality control; Bioinformatics; Ionization; proteomics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-S2-S5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decision Forest Analysis of 61 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in a Case-Control Study of Esophageal Cancer; a novel method AN - 20197340; 6492926 AB - Background Systematic evaluation and study of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) made possible by high throughput genotyping technologies and bioinformatics promises to provide breakthroughs in the understanding of complex diseases. Understanding how the millions of SNPs in the human genome are involved in conferring susceptibility or resistance to disease, or in rendering a drug efficacious or toxic in the individual is a major goal of the relatively new fields of pharmacogenomics. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is a high-mortality cancer with complex etiology and progression involving both genetic and environmental factors. We examined the association between esophageal cancer risk and patterns of 61 SNPs in a case-control study for a population from Shanxi Province in North Central China that has among the highest rates of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in the world. Methods High-throughput Masscode mass spectrometry genotyping was done on genomic DNA from 574 individuals (394 cases and 180 age-frequency matched controls). JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Xie, Q AU - Ratnasinghe, L D AU - Hong, H AU - Perkins, R AU - Tang, Z-Z AU - Hu, N AU - Taylor, PR AU - Tong, W AD - Division of Bioinformatics, Z-tech at FDA's National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1 VL - 6 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Esophagus KW - Etiology KW - pharmacogenomics KW - Genotyping KW - Population studies KW - Forests KW - squamous cell carcinoma KW - Disease resistance KW - Environmental factors KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - DNA KW - genomics KW - Bioinformatics KW - N 14810:Methods KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20197340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Decision+Forest+Analysis+of+61+Single+Nucleotide+Polymorphisms+in+a+Case-Control+Study+of+Esophageal+Cancer%3B+a+novel+method&rft.au=Xie%2C+Q%3BRatnasinghe%2C+L+D%3BHong%2C+H%3BPerkins%2C+R%3BTang%2C+Z-Z%3BHu%2C+N%3BTaylor%2C+PR%3BTong%2C+W&rft.aulast=Xie&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-S2-S4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Esophagus; Genomes; Etiology; pharmacogenomics; Genotyping; Forests; Population studies; squamous cell carcinoma; Disease resistance; Environmental factors; Mass spectroscopy; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; DNA; Bioinformatics; genomics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-S2-S4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome-wide estimation of gender differences in the gene expression of human livers: Statistical design and analysis AN - 20193988; 6492935 AB - Background Gender differences in gene expression were estimated in liver samples from 9 males and 9 females. The study tested 31,110 genes for a gender difference using a design that adjusted for sources of variation associated with cDNA arrays, normalization, hybridizations and processing conditions. Results The genes were split into 2,800 that were clearly expressed (expressed genes) and 28,310 that had expression levels in the background range (not expressed genes). The distribution of p-values from the `not expressed' group was consistent with no gender differences. The distribution of p-values from the `expressed' group suggested that 8% of these genes differed by gender, but the estimated fold-changes (expression in males / expression in females) were small. The largest observed fold-change was 1.55. The 95% confidence bounds on the estimated fold-changes were less than 1.4 fold for 79.3%, and few (1.1%) exceed 2-fold. Conclusion. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Delongchamp, R R AU - Velasco, C AU - Dial, S AU - Harris, A J AD - Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1 VL - 6 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Gene expression KW - Statistics KW - Liver KW - Bioinformatics KW - Sex differences KW - DNA microarrays KW - G 07880:Human Genetics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20193988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Genome-wide+estimation+of+gender+differences+in+the+gene+expression+of+human+livers%3A+Statistical+design+and+analysis&rft.au=Delongchamp%2C+R+R%3BVelasco%2C+C%3BDial%2C+S%3BHarris%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Delongchamp&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-S2-S13 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Statistics; Liver; Bioinformatics; Sex differences; DNA microarrays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-S2-S13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro genotoxicity of exhaust emissions of diesel and gasoline engine vehicles operated on a unified driving cycle AN - 20127772; 6179668 AB - Acetone extracts of engine exhaust particulate matter (PM) and of vapor-phase semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) collected from a set of 1998-2000 model year normal emitter diesel engine automobile or light trucks and from a set of 1982-1996 normal emitter gasoline engine automobiles or light trucks operated on the California Unified Driving Cycle at 22 degree C were assayed for in vitro genotoxic activities. Gasoline and diesel PM were comparably positive mutagens for Salmonella typhimurium strains YG1024 and YG1029 on a mass of PM extract basis with diesel higher on a mileage basis; gasoline SVOC was more active than diesel on an extracted-mass basis, with diesel SVOC more active on a mileage basis. For chromosomal damage indicated by micronucleus induction in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79 cells), diesel PM expressed about one-tenth that of gasoline PM on a mass of extract basis, but was comparably active on a mileage basis; diesel SVOC was inactive. For DNA damage in V79 cells indicated by the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay, gasoline PM was positive while diesel PM was active at the higher doses; gasoline SVOC was active with toxicity preventing measurement at high doses, while diesel SVOC was inactive at all but the highest dose. JF - Journal of Environmental Monitoring AU - Liu, Yu-Qing AU - Keane, M AU - Ensell, M AU - Miller, W AU - Kashon, M AU - Ong, T-M AU - Mauderly, J AU - Lawson, D AU - Gautam, M AU - Zielinska, B AU - Whitney, K AU - Eberhardt, J AU - Wallace, W AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Rd., Morgantown, WV 26505, USA, mjkeane@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 60 EP - 66 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Mutagens KW - Gasoline KW - Motor vehicles KW - Particulate matter KW - Genotoxicity testing KW - Fibroblasts KW - Emissions KW - Chromosome aberrations KW - Exhaust emissions KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Mutagenicity KW - Genotoxicity KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Light effects KW - Exhausts KW - Air pollution KW - DNA damage KW - Lung KW - DNA KW - Diesel KW - Acetone KW - Organic compounds KW - Diesel engines KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20127772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.atitle=In+vitro+genotoxicity+of+exhaust+emissions+of+diesel+and+gasoline+engine+vehicles+operated+on+a+unified+driving+cycle&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yu-Qing%3BKeane%2C+M%3BEnsell%2C+M%3BMiller%2C+W%3BKashon%2C+M%3BOng%2C+T-M%3BMauderly%2C+J%3BLawson%2C+D%3BGautam%2C+M%3BZielinska%2C+B%3BWhitney%2C+K%3BEberhardt%2C+J%3BWallace%2C+W&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Qing&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Mutagens; Mutagenicity; Gasoline; Motor vehicles; Particulate matter; Genotoxicity; Genotoxicity testing; Gel electrophoresis; Fibroblasts; Exhausts; Light effects; Air pollution; DNA damage; Lung; Emissions; DNA; Diesel; Organic compounds; Acetone; Chromosome aberrations; Diesel engines; Exhaust emissions; Salmonella typhimurium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research Note Survey of Salmonella and Campylobacter Contamination of Whole, Raw Poultry on Retail Sale in Wales in 2003 AN - 19967005; 6965077 AB - A survey of the Salmonella and Campylobacter contamination of raw, whole chickens available to consumers in Wales was performed between March and December 2003. In total, 736 samples were taken, and overall contamination rates of 73.1% for Campylobacter and 5.7% for Salmonella were found. This survey follows a survey performed during 2001 to 2002 by Welsh local authorities and the National Public Health Service for Wales that established updated baseline rates for both pathogens in raw, whole chicken available to consumers in Wales. This survey indicated no difference in Campylobacter rates between fresh and frozen samples or between samples taken from retailers and local butchers, but significant differences existed in Salmonella rates between fresh and frozen samples and between those sampled from retailers and butchers, with frozen chickens and samples taken from retailers having significantly higher rates. However, the difference in Salmonella isolation rate between retailers and butchers was found to be due to the differences in the proportions of fresh and frozen chickens sampled from these locations, with a significantly higher number of frozen chickens (with a higher Salmonella rate) being sampled from retailers. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Meldrum, R J AU - Tucker, D AU - Smith, RMM AU - Edwards, C AD - Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Service for Wales, Llandough Hospital, Penlan Road, Penarth CF64 2XX, UK Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1447 EP - 1449 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 7 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Poultry KW - poultry KW - Campylobacter KW - Pathogens KW - Food contamination KW - British Isles, Wales KW - Public health KW - Consumers KW - Salmonella KW - J 02400:Human Diseases KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19967005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Research+Note+Survey+of+Salmonella+and+Campylobacter+Contamination+of+Whole%2C+Raw+Poultry+on+Retail+Sale+in+Wales+in+2003&rft.au=Meldrum%2C+R+J%3BTucker%2C+D%3BSmith%2C+RMM%3BEdwards%2C+C&rft.aulast=Meldrum&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poultry; Consumers; Pathogens; Food contamination; Public health; poultry; Campylobacter; Salmonella; British Isles, Wales ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A top-down proteomics approach for differentiating thermal resistant strains of Enterobacter sakazakii AN - 19963711; 6729005 AB - Thermal tolerance has been identified as an important factor relevant to the pathogenicity of Enterobacter sakazakii in human neonates. To identify a biomarker specific for this phenotypic trait, intact protein expression profiles of 12 strains of E. sakazakii were obtained using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Proteins were extracted from the bacterial cells, separated by reversed-phase liquid chromatography and mass analyzed. At the end of the chromatography run, the uncharged masses of the multiply charged proteins were determined via automated software routines. The resulting data provided an accurate mass expression profile of the proteins found in the individual strains. From the individual expression profiles, it was possible to identify unique proteins corresponding to strains with thermal resistance. One protein found only in the thermal tolerant strains was sequenced and identified as homologous to a hypothetical protein found in the thermal tolerant bacteria, Methylobacillus flagellatus KT. The protein sequence of this protein was then used to reverse-engineer PCR primers for the gene sequence associated with the protein. In all cases, only thermal tolerant strains of E. sakazakii produced amplified PCR products, demonstrating the specificity of this biomarker. JF - Proteomics AU - Williams, Tracie L AU - Monday, Steven R AU - Edelson-Mammel, Sharon AU - Buchanan, Robert AU - Musser, Steven M AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA, tracie.williams@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 4161 EP - 4169 PB - Wiley-VCH, Postfach 101161 Weinheim 69451 Germany, [mailto:info@wiley-vch.de], [URL:http://www.wiley-vch.de/publish/en/] VL - 5 IS - 16 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Biomarkers LC/MS Mass spectrometry Microorganisms Pathogen KW - Methylobacillus flagellatus KW - Data processing KW - Chromatography KW - Enterobacter sakazakii KW - biomarkers KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Pathogenicity KW - Liquid chromatography KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Neonates KW - proteomics KW - Amino acid sequence KW - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19963711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=A+top-down+proteomics+approach+for+differentiating+thermal+resistant+strains+of+Enterobacter+sakazakii&rft.au=Williams%2C+Tracie+L%3BMonday%2C+Steven+R%3BEdelson-Mammel%2C+Sharon%3BBuchanan%2C+Robert%3BMusser%2C+Steven+M&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Tracie&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=4161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.200401263 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Chromatography; biomarkers; Mass spectroscopy; Computer programs; software; Pathogenicity; Liquid chromatography; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; proteomics; Neonates; Amino acid sequence; Methylobacillus flagellatus; Enterobacter sakazakii DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.200401263 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiological Quality of Ready-To-Eat Foods: Results from a Long-Term Surveillance Program (1995 Through 2003) AN - 19963550; 6965109 AB - The coordination of food sampling activities across Wales, a part of the United Kingdom with a population of approximately 3 million, led to the establishment in 1995 of a coordinated food-sampling program designed to monitor on a long-term basis the microbiological quality and safety of specific ready- to-eat products. This surveillance system has been ongoing for 9 years and has generated a database of microbiological and associated demographic results for 15,228 ready-to-eat food samples. The food types that had the poorest overall results were sliced meats, unsliced poultry, sandwiches made without salad, and cakes made without dairy cream. For all food types, the overall unsatisfactory rate was 17% for aerobic colony counts, 1.6% for Escherichia coli, and 0.5% for Listeria spp. Overall unsatisfactory or unacceptable rates for pathogens such as Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus were all below 0.5%. No Campylobacter-positive samples and only one Salmonella-positive sample were found. The analysis of the results show that the ready-to-eat food types sampled over the 9 years of the program were generally of good microbiological quality when compared with current United Kingdom guidelines. The information contained in the database provides a baseline measurement of the microbial quality of a variety of ready- to-eat foods and allows environmental health officers and food microbiologists to generate hypotheses for targeted surveys or research work. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Meldrum, R J AU - Ribeiro, C D AU - Smith, RMM AU - Walker, A M AU - Simmons, M AU - Worthington, D AU - Edwards, C AD - Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Service (NPHS) for Wales, Llandough Hospital, Penlan Road, Penarth CF64 2XX, UK Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1654 EP - 1658 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 8 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Poultry KW - poultry KW - Food KW - Dairy products KW - Bacillus cereus KW - Environmental health KW - British Isles, Wales KW - Demography KW - Computer programs KW - Colonies KW - Escherichia coli KW - Cream KW - Sampling KW - Salmonidae KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Food quality KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - Clostridium perfringens KW - Pathogens KW - Food contamination KW - Meat KW - Databases KW - Dairies KW - Cakes KW - Microbiology KW - Microorganisms KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - J 02400:Human Diseases KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19963550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Microbiological+Quality+of+Ready-To-Eat+Foods%3A+Results+from+a+Long-Term+Surveillance+Program+%281995+Through+2003%29&rft.au=Meldrum%2C+R+J%3BRibeiro%2C+C+D%3BSmith%2C+RMM%3BWalker%2C+A+M%3BSimmons%2C+M%3BWorthington%2C+D%3BEdwards%2C+C&rft.aulast=Meldrum&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1654&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poultry; Food; Dairy products; Pathogens; Meat; Demography; Computer programs; Databases; Dairies; Colonies; Cakes; Cream; Microorganisms; Sampling; Food quality; poultry; Microbiology; Environmental health; Food contamination; Listeria monocytogenes; Clostridium perfringens; Escherichia coli; Bacillus cereus; Staphylococcus aureus; Salmonidae; British Isles, Wales ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research Note: Survival of Enterobacter sakazakii in a Dehydrated Powdered Infant Formula AN - 19963125; 6965143 AB - A quantity of dehydrated powdered infant formula was prepared to contain Enterobacter sakazakii strain 607 at approximately 10 super(6) CFU/ml when rehydrated according to the manufacturer's instructions. The survival of the microorganism in the dry formula was followed for 2 years, during which samples periodically were rehydrated and analyzed for viable E. sakazakii. During the initial 5 months of storage at room temperature, viable counts declined approximately 2.4 log cycles. During the subsequent 19 months, the concentration of viable E. sakazakii declined an additional 1.0 log cycle. These results indicate that a small percentage of E. sakazakii cells can survive for extended periods in dehydrated powdered infant formula. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Edelson-Mammel, Sharon G AU - Porteous, Mary K AU - Buchanan, Robert L AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, Maryland 20740 Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1900 EP - 1902 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 9 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - infant formulas KW - Storage KW - Temperature effects KW - Infant formulas KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Temperature KW - Microorganisms KW - Survival KW - Enterobacter sakazakii KW - Microbial contamination KW - Food contamination KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - J 02400:Human Diseases KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19963125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Research+Note%3A+Survival+of+Enterobacter+sakazakii+in+a+Dehydrated+Powdered+Infant+Formula&rft.au=Edelson-Mammel%2C+Sharon+G%3BPorteous%2C+Mary+K%3BBuchanan%2C+Robert+L&rft.aulast=Edelson-Mammel&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1900&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Infant formulas; Colony-forming cells; Microorganisms; Survival; Storage; infant formulas; Temperature; Microbial contamination; Food contamination; Enterobacter sakazakii ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salmonella and the Sanitary Quality of Aquacultured Shrimp AN - 19962186; 6965032 AB - In this study, we examined the prevalence of Salmonella and coliform bacteria on shrimp aquaculture farms to develop guidelines or preventative measures for reducing Salmonella and fecal contamination on products harvested from these farms. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, in conjunction with foreign government regulatory agencies, the aquaculture industry, and academia affiliates, analyzed 1,234 samples from 103 shrimp aquaculture farms representing six countries between July 2001 and June 2003 for fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella. A significant relationship was found (P = 0.0342) between the log number of fecal bacteria and the probability that any given sample would contain Salmonella. The likelihood of any given sample containing Salmonella was increased by 1.2 times with each 10-fold increase in either fecal coliform or E. coli concentration. The statistical relationship between Salmonella concentration and that of both fecal coliforms and E. coli was highest in grow-out pond water (P = 0.0042 for fecal coliforms and P = 0.0021 for E. coli). The likelihood of finding Salmonella in grow-out pond water increased 2.7 times with each log unit increase in fecal coliform concentration and 3.0 times with each log unit increase in E. coli concentration. Salmonella is not part of the natural flora of the shrimp culture environment nor is it inherently present in shrimp grow-out ponds. The occurrence of Salmonella bacteria in shrimp from aquaculture operations is related to the concentration of fecal bacteria in the source and grow-out pond water. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Koonse, Brett AU - Burkhardt III, William AU - Chirtel, Stuart AU - Hoskin, George P AD - Office of Seafood, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740 Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 2527 EP - 2532 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 12 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Farms KW - Statistics KW - Microbial contamination KW - Aquaculture KW - Ponds KW - Public health KW - Sanitation KW - guidelines KW - farms KW - Escherichia coli KW - Biological pollutants KW - Drugs KW - Aquaculture products KW - Marine KW - Fecal coliforms KW - Coliforms KW - Pathogenic bacteria KW - Shrimp culture KW - flora KW - shrimp culture KW - Food contamination KW - USA KW - Salmonella KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - Q1 08627:Food quality and standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19962186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Salmonella+and+the+Sanitary+Quality+of+Aquacultured+Shrimp&rft.au=Koonse%2C+Brett%3BBurkhardt+III%2C+William%3BChirtel%2C+Stuart%3BHoskin%2C+George+P&rft.aulast=Koonse&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shrimp culture; Pathogenic bacteria; Biological pollutants; Microbial contamination; Aquaculture products; Public health; Coliforms; Fecal coliforms; Statistics; Farms; shrimp culture; Food contamination; Aquaculture; Ponds; Sanitation; guidelines; flora; farms; Drugs; Escherichia coli; Salmonella; USA; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endogenous estrogen status, but not genistein supplementation, modulates 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mutation in the liver cII gene of transgenic big blue rats AN - 19888624; 7763234 AB - A growing number of studies suggest that isoflavones found in soybeans have estrogenic activity and may safely alleviate the symptoms of menopause. One of these isoflavones, genistein, is commonly used by postmenopausal women as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy. Although sex hormones have been implicated as an important risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, there are limited data on the potential effects of the estrogens, including phytoestrogens, on chemical mutagenesis in liver. Because of the association between mutation induction and the carcinogenesis process, we investigated whether endogenous estrogen and supplemental genistein affect 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mutagenesis in rat liver. Intact and ovariectomized female Big Blue rats were treated with 80 mg DMBA/kg body weight. Some of the rats also received a supplement of 1,000 ppm genistein. Sixteen weeks after the carcinogen treatment, the rats were sacrificed, their livers were removed, and mutant frequencies (MFs) and types of mutations were determined in the liver cII gene. DMBA significantly increased the MFs in liver for both the intact and ovariectomized rats. While there was no significant difference in MF between the ovariectomized and intact control animals, the mutation induction by DMBA in the ovariectomized groups was significantly higher than that in the intact groups. Dietary genistein did not alter these responses. Molecular analysis of the mutants showed that DMBA induced chemical-specific types of mutations in the liver cII gene. These results suggest that endogenous ovarian hormones have an inhibitory effect on liver mutagenesis by DMBA, whereas dietary genistein does not modulate spontaneous or DMBA-induced mutagenesis in either intact or ovariectomized rats. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Chen, Tao AU - Hutts, Robert C AU - Mei, Nan AU - Liu, Xiaoli AU - Bishop, Michelle E AU - Shelton, Sharon AU - Manjanatha, Mugimane G AU - Aidoo, Anane AD - Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, Food and Drug Administration/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, tchen@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 409 EP - 418 PB - John Wiley & Sons, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 45 IS - 5 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Estrogens KW - Data processing KW - Mutant frequency KW - Carcinogens KW - Hormone replacement therapy KW - Hormones KW - estrogenic activity KW - Isoflavones KW - Sex hormones KW - Mutagenesis KW - Soybeans KW - Body weight KW - Post-menopause KW - Dietary supplements KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - Risk factors KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Phytoestrogens KW - Ovariectomy KW - Mutation KW - Genistein KW - Menopause KW - Hepatocellular carcinoma KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19888624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Endogenous+estrogen+status%2C+but+not+genistein+supplementation%2C+modulates+7%2C12-dimethylbenz%5Ba%5Danthracene-induced+mutation+in+the+liver+cII+gene+of+transgenic+big+blue+rats&rft.au=Chen%2C+Tao%3BHutts%2C+Robert+C%3BMei%2C+Nan%3BLiu%2C+Xiaoli%3BBishop%2C+Michelle+E%3BShelton%2C+Sharon%3BManjanatha%2C+Mugimane+G%3BAidoo%2C+Anane&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Tao&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fem.20102 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Estrogens; Data processing; Mutant frequency; Hormone replacement therapy; Carcinogens; estrogenic activity; Hormones; Isoflavones; Soybeans; Mutagenesis; Sex hormones; Body weight; Post-menopause; Risk factors; 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; Dietary supplements; Carcinogenesis; Phytoestrogens; Ovariectomy; Mutation; Menopause; Genistein; Hepatocellular carcinoma DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.20102 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mould and yeast flora in fresh berries, grapes and citrus fruits AN - 19854959; 6968821 AB - Fresh fruits are prone to fungal contamination in the field, during harvest, transport, marketing, and with the consumer. It is important to identify fungal contaminants in fresh fruits because some moulds can grow and produce mycotoxins on these commodities while certain yeasts and moulds can cause infections or allergies. In this study, 251 fresh fruit samples including several varieties of grapes, strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, blackberries, and various citrus fruits were surface-disinfected, incubated at room temperature for up to 14 days without supplemental media, and subsequently examined for mould and yeast growth. The level of contamination (percent of contaminated items/sample) varied depending on the type of fruit. All raspberry and blackberry samples were contaminated at levels ranging from 33% to 100%, whereas 95% of the blueberry samples supported mould growth at levels between 10% and 100% of the tested berries, and 97% of strawberry samples showed fungal growth on 33-100% of tested berries. The most common moulds isolated from these commodities were Botrytis cinerea, Rhizopus (in strawberries), Alternaria, Penicillium, Cladosporium and Fusarium followed by yeasts, Trichoderma and Aureobasidium. Thirty-five percent of the grape samples tested were contaminated and supported fungal growth; the levels of contamination ranged from 9% to 80%. The most common fungi spoiling grapes were Alternaria, B. cinerea and Cladosporium. Eighty-three percent of the citrus fruit samples showed fungal growth at levels ranging from 25% to 100% of tested fruits. The most common fungi in citrus fruits were Alternaria, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Fusarium and yeasts. Less common were Trichoderma, Geotrichum and Rhizopus. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Tournas, V H AU - Katsoudas, Eugenia AD - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD 20740, USA, vtournas@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 11 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 105 IS - 1 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Grapes KW - Strawberries KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Moulds KW - Yeasts KW - Berries KW - Citrus fruits KW - Citrus KW - Temperature effects KW - Fusarium KW - Fruits KW - Penicillium KW - Fungi KW - Media (transport) KW - Vaccinium KW - Fragaria KW - Food contamination KW - Infection KW - Geotrichum KW - Mycotoxins KW - Hypersensitivity KW - Alternaria KW - Trichoderma KW - Botrytis cinerea KW - Aureobasidium KW - Consumers KW - Rhizopus KW - Vitaceae KW - Cladosporium KW - Contaminants KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - A 01017:Human foods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19854959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Mould+and+yeast+flora+in+fresh+berries%2C+grapes+and+citrus+fruits&rft.au=Tournas%2C+V+H%3BKatsoudas%2C+Eugenia&rft.aulast=Tournas&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijfoodmicro.2005.05.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Fruits; Hypersensitivity; Mycotoxins; Media (transport); Fungi; Consumers; Infection; Contaminants; Food contamination; Citrus; Fusarium; Penicillium; Fragaria; Vaccinium; Geotrichum; Alternaria; Trichoderma; Aureobasidium; Botrytis cinerea; Rhizopus; Cladosporium; Vitaceae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.05.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of temperature, irradiance, and salinity on photosynthesis, growth rates, total toxicity, and toxin composition for Alexandrium fundyense isolates from the Gulf of Maine and Bay of Fundy AN - 19840587; 6891259 AB - The objective of this study was to determine the effects of temperature, irradiance, and salinity on photosynthesis, growth rate, total toxicity, and toxin composition for two Alexandrium fundyense isolates in the laboratory. The A. fundyense cultures studied were isolated from coastal waters off Monhegan Island (MI) in the GoM and the Bay of Fundy (BoF). Laboratory experiments demonstrated that temperature exerted the greatest impact on chlorophyll-specific maximal photosynthetic rates with negligible effects by light or salinity. Temperature and irradiance exerted the greatest influence on species-specific growth rates, with the MI isolate exhibiting greater maximal growth rates. The BoF isolate was generally more toxic, with temperature inducing the greatest change in cellular toxicity, followed by irradiance and salinity. Variations in toxicity were due to changes in toxin concentration, the relative toxin composition, or both depending on the isolate and experimental condition. The lack of a clear relationship between photosynthesis or growth and toxicity suggests that toxicity is, at least in part, driven directly by environmental conditions. Isolate-specific A. fundyense responses to the environment incorporated into modeling efforts may ultimately enhance predictive and monitoring capabilities for PSP outbreaks. JF - Deep Sea Research (Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography) AU - Etheridge, Stacey M AU - Roesler, Collin S AD - Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA, stacey.etheridge@cfsan.fda.gov Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 2491 EP - 2500 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 52 IS - 19-21 SN - 0967-0645, 0967-0645 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Alexandrium KW - Environmental factors KW - Growth KW - Paralytic shellfish poisoning KW - Photosynthesis KW - Toxicity KW - Algal blooms KW - Irradiance KW - ANW, USA, Maine Gulf KW - Phytoplankton KW - Cell culture KW - Islands KW - Salinity effects KW - Deep sea KW - Abiotic factors KW - Temperature effects KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Biological poisons KW - Oceanography KW - Coastal waters KW - Toxins KW - Light effects KW - Alexandrium fundyense KW - Environmental conditions KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - K 03320:Cell Biology KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19840587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deep+Sea+Research+%28Part+II%2C+Topical+Studies+in+Oceanography%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+temperature%2C+irradiance%2C+and+salinity+on+photosynthesis%2C+growth+rates%2C+total+toxicity%2C+and+toxin+composition+for+Alexandrium+fundyense+isolates+from+the+Gulf+of+Maine+and+Bay+of+Fundy&rft.au=Etheridge%2C+Stacey+M%3BRoesler%2C+Collin+S&rft.aulast=Etheridge&rft.aufirst=Stacey&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=19-21&rft.spage=2491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Deep+Sea+Research+%28Part+II%2C+Topical+Studies+in+Oceanography%29&rft.issn=09670645&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.dsr2.2005.06.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Temperature effects; Algal blooms; Irradiance; Photosynthesis; Biological poisons; Salinity effects; Phytoplankton; Toxicity; Environmental factors; Light effects; Abiotic factors; Oceanography; Cell culture; Coastal waters; Toxins; Islands; Deep sea; Environmental conditions; Alexandrium fundyense; ANW, USA, Maine Gulf; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.06.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of cytochromes P450 and glutathione S-transferases in human prostate, and the potential for activation of heterocyclic amine carcinogens via acetyl-coA-, PAPS-and ATP-dependent pathways AN - 19819859; 6432481 AB - Dietary factors appear to be involved in the high incidence of prostate cancer in "Westernized" countries, implicating dietary carcinogens such as heterocyclic amines (HAs) in the initiation of prostate carcinogenesis. We examined 24 human prostate samples with respect to their potential for activation and detoxification of HAs and the presence of DNA adducts formed in vivo. Cytochromes P450 1B1, 3A4 and 3A5 were expressed at low levels (<0.1-6.2 pmol/mg microsomal protein). N-Acetyltransferase (NAT) activities, using p- aminobenzoic acid (NAT1) and sulfamethazine (NAT2) as substrates, were <5-5,500 and <5-43 pmol/min/mg cytosolic protein, respectively. Glutathione S- transferases (GSTs) P1, M2 and M3 were expressed at 0.038-1.284, 0.005-0.126 and 0.010-0.270 mu g/mg cytosolic protein, respectively; GSTM1 was expressed in all GSTM1-positive samples (0.012-0.291 mu g/mg cytosolic protein); and GSTA1 was expressed at low levels (<0.01-0.11 mu g/mg cytosolic protein). Binding of N- hydroxy-PhIP to DNA in vitro occurred primarily by an AcCoA-dependent process (<1-54 pmol/mg/DNA), PAPS-and ATP-dependent binding being <1-7 pmol/mg DNA. In vivo, putative PhIP-or 4-aminobiphenyl-DNA adducts were found in 4 samples (0.4-0.8 adducts/10 super(8) bases); putative hydrophobic adducts were found in 6 samples (8-64 adducts/10 super(8) bases). Thus, the prostate appears to have low potential for N-hydroxylation of HAs but greater potential for activation of N- hydroxy HAs to genotoxic N-acetoxy esters. The prostate has potential for GSTP1- dependent detoxification of ATP-activated N-hydroxy-PhIP but little potential for detoxification of N-acetoxy-PhIP by GSTA1. However, there were no significant correlations between expression/activities and DNA adducts formed in vitro or in vivo, DNA adducts in vivo possibly reflecting carcinogen exposure. JF - International Journal of Cancer AU - Di Paolo, Oscar A AU - Teitel, Candee H AU - Nowell, Susan AU - Coles, Brian F AU - Kadlubar, Fred F AD - Division of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Epidemiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA, fkadlubar@nctr. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0020-7136, 0020-7136 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - N-acetyltransferase KW - carcinogen KW - cytochrome P450 KW - DNA-adducts KW - glutathione S-transferase KW - heterocyclic amines KW - metabolism KW - PhIP KW - prostate KW - Sulfamethazine KW - Detoxification KW - Heterocyclic amines KW - DNA adducts KW - N-acetyltransferase 1 KW - N-Acetyltransferase 2 KW - Genotoxicity KW - Hydrophobicity KW - Carcinogens KW - Glutathione transferase KW - Esters KW - GSTM1 protein KW - Prostate cancer KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - N-Acetyltransferase KW - X 24490:Other UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19819859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.atitle=Expression+of+cytochromes+P450+and+glutathione+S-transferases+in+human+prostate%2C+and+the+potential+for+activation+of+heterocyclic+amine+carcinogens+via+acetyl-coA-%2C+PAPS-and+ATP-dependent+pathways&rft.au=Di+Paolo%2C+Oscar+A%3BTeitel%2C+Candee+H%3BNowell%2C+Susan%3BColes%2C+Brian+F%3BKadlubar%2C+Fred+F&rft.aulast=Di+Paolo&rft.aufirst=Oscar&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.issn=00207136&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fijc.21152 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detoxification; Sulfamethazine; DNA adducts; Heterocyclic amines; N-acetyltransferase 1; Genotoxicity; N-Acetyltransferase 2; Hydrophobicity; Carcinogens; Esters; Glutathione transferase; GSTM1 protein; Prostate cancer; Carcinogenesis; Cytochrome P450; N-Acetyltransferase DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.21152 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicological Aspects of the South American Herbs Cat's Claw (Uncaria tomentosa) and Maca (Lepidium meyenii): A Critical Synopsis AN - 19787530; 7829500 AB - Recent exceptional growth in human exposure to natural products known to originate from traditional medicine has lead to a resurgence of scientific interest in their biological effects. As a strategy for improvement of the assessment of their pharmacological and toxicological profile, scientific evidence-based approaches are being employed to appropriately evaluate composition, quality, potential medicinal activity and safety of these natural products. Using this approach, we comprehensively reviewed existing scientific evidence for known composition, medicinal uses (past and present), and documented biological effects with emphasis on clinical pharmacology and toxicology of two commonly used medicinal plants from South America with substantial human exposure from historical and current global use: Uncaria tomentosa (common name: cat's claw, and Spanish: una de gato), and Lepidium meyenii (common name: maca). Despite the geographic sourcing from remote regions of the tropical Amazon and high altitude Andean mountains, cat's claw and maca are widely available commercially in industrialised countries. Analytical characterisations of their active constituents have identified a variety of classes of compounds of toxicological, pharmacological and even nutritional interest including oxindole and indole alkaloids, flavonoids, glucosinolates, sterols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carbolines and other compounds. The oxindole alkaloids from the root bark of cat's claw are thought to invoke its most widely sought-after medicinal effects as a herbal remedy against inflammation. We find the scientific evidence supporting this claim is not conclusive and although there exists a base of information addressing this medicinal use, it is limited in scope with some evidence accumulated from in vitro studies towards understanding possible mechanisms of action by specific oxindole alkaloids through inhibition of nuclear factor (NF)- Kappa B activation. Although controlled clinical studies have demonstrated reduction in pain associated with cat's claw intake in patients with various chronic inflammatory disorders, there is insufficient clinical data overall to draw a firm conclusion for its anti-inflammatory effects. An important observation was that experimental results were often dependent upon the nature of the preparation used. It appears that the presence of unknown substances has an important role in the overall effects of cat's claw extracts is an important factor for consideration. The available animal toxicological studies did not indicate severe toxicity from oral intake of cat's claw preparations but rather were suggestive of a low potential for acute and subacute oral toxicity, and a lack of evidence to demonstrate genotoxic potential and mutagenic activity. Maca is a clear example of a herb with substantial medicinal use in traditional herbal medicine by indigenous cultures in South America since the first recorded knowledge of it in the seventeenth century. The hypocotyls of maca are the edible part of the plant used for nutritional and proposed fertility-enhancing properties. Maca has been described to possess many other medicinal properties in traditional herbal medicine but only a few of them have been well studied scientifically. Published clinical studies of maca seem to be related to its property as a nutrient, for male fertility and for energy. There are inadequate data regarding the precise mechanism of action of maca. Some studies suggest that secondary metabolites found in maca extracts are important constituents responsible for its physiological effects. Maca has been reported in the scientific literature to have a low degree of acute oral toxicity in animals and low cellular toxicity in vitro. An important finding unveiled by this review is the importance of standardisation in quality and additional basic and clinical research to scientifically validate and understand composition, biological activity, safety and risk. Development of a comprehensive pharmacological and toxicological profile through critical evaluation of existing and future experimental data, especially carefully conducted clinical studies would facilitate the scientific evidence-based approach to understanding potential biological effects of these major traditionally based herbals in current global use. JF - Toxicological Reviews AU - Valerio, L G AU - Gonzales, G F AD - Division of Biotechnology and GRAS Notice Review, Office of Food Additive Safety, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 11 EP - 35 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 1176-2551, 1176-2551 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Fertility KW - herbal medicines KW - biological effects KW - Pharmacology KW - secondary metabolites KW - Physiology KW - Medicinal plants KW - Roots KW - Cell culture KW - natural products KW - Nutrients KW - Pain KW - Lead KW - Mountains KW - Altitude KW - Alkaloids KW - oxindole alkaloids KW - Inflammatory diseases KW - Sterols KW - Herbal medicines KW - Herbs KW - Lepidium KW - Flavonoids KW - Data processing KW - Genotoxicity KW - Hypocotyls KW - Bark KW - Toxicity KW - flavonoids KW - Inflammation KW - South America KW - South America, Amazon R. KW - Indole KW - Reviews KW - indoles KW - Energy KW - Polyunsaturated fatty acids KW - Secondary metabolites KW - Toxicity testing KW - Glucosinolates KW - X 24500:Reviews, Legislation, Book & Conference Notices KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19787530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Reviews&rft.atitle=Toxicological+Aspects+of+the+South+American+Herbs+Cat%27s+Claw+%28Uncaria+tomentosa%29+and+Maca+%28Lepidium+meyenii%29%3A+A+Critical+Synopsis&rft.au=Valerio%2C+L+G%3BGonzales%2C+G+F&rft.aulast=Valerio&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Reviews&rft.issn=11762551&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertility; Pharmacology; Medicinal plants; Roots; Pain; Nutrients; natural products; Cell culture; Mountains; Alkaloids; Altitude; oxindole alkaloids; Inflammatory diseases; Sterols; Herbal medicines; Herbs; Flavonoids; Data processing; Genotoxicity; Hypocotyls; Bark; Toxicity; Inflammation; Indole; Energy; Secondary metabolites; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Toxicity testing; Glucosinolates; herbal medicines; biological effects; secondary metabolites; indoles; Reviews; Physiology; Lead; flavonoids; Lepidium; South America; South America, Amazon R. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the gene expression profile of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cell lines and differentiating embryoid bodies AN - 19771678; 6495767 AB - The identification of molecular pathways of differentiation of embryonic stem cells (hESC) is critical for the development of stem cell based medical therapies. In order to identify biomarkers and potential regulators of the process of differentiation, a high quality microarray containing 16,659 seventy base pair oligonucleotides was used to compare gene expression profiles of undifferentiated hESC lines and differentiating embryoid bodies. Previously identified "stemness" genes in undifferentiated hESC lines showed down modulation in differentiated cells while expression of several genes was induced as cells differentiated. In addition, a subset of 194 genes showed overexpression of greater than >= 3 folds in human embryoid bodies (hEB). These included 37 novel and 157 known genes. Gene expression was validated by a variety of techniques including another large scale array, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, focused cDNA microarrays, massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS) analysis and immunocytochemisty. Several novel hEB specific expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were mapped to the human genome database and their expression profile characterized. A hierarchical clustering analysis clearly depicted a distinct difference in gene expression profile among undifferentiated and differentiated hESC and confirmed that microarray analysis could readily distinguish them. These results present a detailed characterization of a unique set of genes, which can be used to assess the hESC differentiation. JF - BMC Developmental Biology AU - Bhattacharya, Bhaskar AU - Cai, Jingli AU - Luo, Youngquan AU - Miura, Takumi AU - Mejido, Josef AU - Brimble, Sandii N AU - Zeng, Xianmin AU - Schulz, Thomas C AU - Rao, Mahendra S AU - Puri, Raj K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Biology, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1471-213X, 1471-213X KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Article No. 22 KW - Genomes KW - biomarkers KW - Oligonucleotides KW - expressed sequence tags KW - DNA microarrays KW - Reverse transcription KW - Gene expression KW - Databases KW - Differentiation KW - Stem cells KW - Embryo cells KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Base pairs KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19771678?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Developmental+Biology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+gene+expression+profile+of+undifferentiated+human+embryonic+stem+cell+lines+and+differentiating+embryoid+bodies&rft.au=Bhattacharya%2C+Bhaskar%3BCai%2C+Jingli%3BLuo%2C+Youngquan%3BMiura%2C+Takumi%3BMejido%2C+Josef%3BBrimble%2C+Sandii+N%3BZeng%2C+Xianmin%3BSchulz%2C+Thomas+C%3BRao%2C+Mahendra+S%3BPuri%2C+Raj+K&rft.aulast=Bhattacharya&rft.aufirst=Bhaskar&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Developmental+Biology&rft.issn=1471213X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-213X-5-22 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-213X/5/22 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; DNA microarrays; expressed sequence tags; Oligonucleotides; biomarkers; Reverse transcription; Gene expression; Differentiation; Databases; Stem cells; Embryo cells; Polymerase chain reaction; Base pairs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-213X-5-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of a New Enrichment Procedure for Shiga Toxin-Producing escherichia Coli with Five Standard Methods AN - 19769778; 6965100 AB - A new procedure for enrichment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other Shiga toxin-producing E. coli was compared to five standard methods: the British Public Health Laboratory Service, International Standard Method, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Canadian Health Products and Food Branch, and U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The new procedure was comparable to the standard methods in its ability to detect target cells inoculated into foods at approximately 1 CFU g super(-1). Comparisons were also made of the ability of the six enrichment procedures to detect E. coli O157:H7 against a large background of competitor microorganisms. In these experiments the new procedure yielded more target cells than the other five enrichments by two to three orders of magnitude as determined by enumeration on sorbitol MacConkey agar with tellurite and cefixime and Rainbow agar with tellurite and novobiocin and by verification of presumptive colonies by real-time PCR. For example, the population of enterohemorrhagic E. coli strain 6341 recovered on sorbitol MacConkey agar with tellurite and cefixime after enrichment with the experimental method was 2.42 x 10 super(8) CFU ml super(-1) and 1.80 x 10 super(6) CFU ml super(-1) after enrichment with the Canadian Health Products and Food Branch method, the second most effective in this experiment. In addition, broth cultures resulting from each of the six enrichment procedures were used to prepare templates for real-time PCR detection of stx sub(1)/stx sub(2). Resulting threshold cycle (Ct) values after the experimental enrichment were similar to positive control values, whereas the five standard methods produced delayed Ct values or were not detected. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Grant, Michael A AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Pacific Regional Laboratory Northwest, 23rd Drive S.E., Bothell, Washington 98021, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1593 EP - 1599 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 8 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Agriculture KW - Agar KW - Novobiocin KW - Cell culture KW - Sorbitol KW - Public health KW - International standards KW - Colonies KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Cefixime KW - Escherichia coli KW - Microorganisms KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - tellurite KW - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - J 02400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19769778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+a+New+Enrichment+Procedure+for+Shiga+Toxin-Producing+escherichia+Coli+with+Five+Standard+Methods&rft.au=Grant%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Agar; Novobiocin; Sorbitol; Cell culture; Public health; International standards; Colonies; Colony-forming cells; Cefixime; Microorganisms; Polymerase chain reaction; tellurite; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-Pressure Inactivation of Hepatitis A Virus within Oysters AN - 19728266; 6164393 AB - Previous results demonstrated that hepatitis A virus (HAV) could be inactivated by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) ; however direct evaluation of HAV inactivation within contaminated oysters was not performed. In this study, we report confirmation that HAV within contaminated shellfish is inactivated by HHP. Shellfish were initially contaminated with HAV by using a flowthrough system. PFU reductions of >1, >2, and >3 log sub(10) were observed for 1-min treatments at 350, 375, and 400 megapascals, respectively, within a temperature range of 8.7 to 10.3 degree C. Bioconcentration of nearly 6 log sub(10) PFU of HAV per oyster was achieved under simulated natural conditions. These results suggest that HHP treatment of raw shellfish will be a viable strategy for the reduction of infectious HAV. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Calci, Kevin R AU - Meade, Gloria K AU - Tezloff, Robert C AU - Kingsley, David H AD - Gulf Coast Seafood Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Dauphin Island, Alabama Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 339 EP - 343 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 71 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - oyster diseases KW - shellfish KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - inactivation KW - Contamination KW - Hydrostatic pressure KW - Hepatitis A virus KW - hydrostatics KW - Disease control KW - Biological Magnification KW - hepatitis A KW - oysters KW - Infectious diseases KW - Diseases KW - Pressure KW - Temperature effects KW - Temperature KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Hydrostatic Pressure KW - Oysters KW - Pressure effects KW - Microbiology KW - Shellfish KW - A 01019:Sterilization, preservation & packaging KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - V 22100:Antiviral agents KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19728266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=High-Pressure+Inactivation+of+Hepatitis+A+Virus+within+Oysters&rft.au=Calci%2C+Kevin+R%3BMeade%2C+Gloria+K%3BTezloff%2C+Robert+C%3BKingsley%2C+David+H&rft.aulast=Calci&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioaccumulation; Hydrostatic pressure; Infectious diseases; Microbiology; Pressure effects; Disease control; Temperature effects; Contamination; Pressure; inactivation; oysters; hydrostatics; Temperature; Shellfish; hepatitis A; Hydrostatic Pressure; Oysters; Biological Magnification; Diseases; Hepatitis A virus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticides and Human Cancers AN - 19670637; 7432610 AB - The potential for human carcinogenicity of almost all pesticides currently on the market has been poorly evaluated and is inadequately understood. Generating mechanistic data in both animal studies and epidemiology will play an increasingly important role in the future. Improved exposure assessment, in large prospective studies that generate reliable exposure-response data that focus on individual pesticide exposures are needed. One of the greatest opportunities to make more rapid progress will be to foster more multi- disciplinary collaborations between toxicologists and epidemiologists. Collaborations on molecular epidemiology investigations offers such opportunities to both toxicologists and epidemiologists that were not possible even a decade ago. JF - Cancer Investigation AU - Alavanja, Michael AU - Bonner, Matthew AD - Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 700 EP - 711 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd., 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 23 IS - 8 SN - 0735-7907, 0735-7907 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Pesticides KW - Cancer KW - Multi-Disciplinary Studies KW - Toxicology KW - Molecular Epidemiology KW - Epidemiology KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Dose-response effects KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19670637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Investigation&rft.atitle=Pesticides+and+Human+Cancers&rft.au=Alavanja%2C+Michael%3BBonner%2C+Matthew&rft.aulast=Alavanja&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=700&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Investigation&rft.issn=07357907&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F07357900500360008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epidemiology; Carcinogenicity; Dose-response effects; Pesticides; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07357900500360008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FDA Draft Guidance on Computerised Systems Used in Clinical Trials AN - 195257055; 16334601 AB - When using computer systems to manage clinical studies, it is important to understand how these systems should be controlled and, for studies intended to support United States (US) regulatory submissions, when and how US regulations on electronic records and signatures apply. This article discusses these issues and a draft guidance document. JF - Medical Device Technology AU - Donawa, Maria E Y1 - 2005///Jan/Feb PY - 2005 DA - Jan/Feb 2005 SP - 24 EP - 7 CY - Chester PB - Canon Communications LLC VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 10486690 KW - Medical Sciences KW - Medical equipment KW - Federal regulation KW - Clinical trials KW - Investigations KW - Electronic documents KW - Records management KW - United Kingdom--UK KW - 5260:Records management KW - 9175:Western Europe KW - 8320:Health care industry KW - 4310:Regulation KW - United States KW - Clinical Trials as Topic -- standards KW - Computer Security -- standards KW - Medical Records Systems, Computerized -- standards KW - Information Storage & Retrieval -- standards KW - Device Approval -- standards KW - Medical Records Systems, Computerized -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Device Approval -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Computer Security -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Information Storage & Retrieval -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Clinical Trials as Topic -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/195257055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthcompleteshell&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+Device+Technology&rft.atitle=FDA+Draft+Guidance+on+Computerised+Systems+Used+in+Clinical+Trials&rft.au=Donawa%2C+Maria+E&rft.aulast=Donawa&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+Device+Technology&rft.issn=10486690&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright Octa Media Ltd. Jan/Feb 2005 N1 - Document feature - Photographs; References N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United Kingdom--UK ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diel variation of bacterial abundance and productivity in tropical coastal lagoons: the importance of bottom-up factors in a short-time scale AN - 19490765; 7183441 AB - Diel variation of bacterial abundance and productivity in tropical coastal lagoons: the importance of bottom-up factors in a short-time scale. We analyzed the diel variation of some limnological variables and its effects on the abundance and secondary productivity of bacterioplankton in two tropical coastal lagoons located in Southeastern Brazil (Rio de Janeiro State). Bacterial abundance and secondary productivity remained constant throughout the day in Cabiunas lagoon, as the water temperature and the dissolved oxygen concentration. On the other hand, Garcas lagoon showed a wide diel variation in water temperature, reaching values close to 39 degree C at 16:00 h. The oxygen concentration varied throughout the day, surpassing 10 mg O sub(2).L super(-1) at noon and dropping to less than 3 mg O sub(2).L super(-1) during the night in Garcas lagoon. Despite the fact that bacterial abundance remained constant in Garcas lagoon, bacterial productivity varied throughout the day. Bacterial productivity was higher at night, in the period of oxygen depletion and lower temperatures. The high temperatures observed in Garcas lagoon during the day seem to be detrimental to bacterial metabolism, probably due to denaturation of bacterial enzymes. Thus, in shallow tropical ecosystems, as is particularly the case for most of coastal lagoons, the daily temperature variation may be an important factor regulating bacterial production in a short-time scale, with great implications for the metabolism of these ecosystems. JF - Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia AU - Farjalla, V F AU - Laque, T AU - Suhett, AL AU - Amado, A M AU - Esteves, FDA AD - Laboratorio de Limnologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, CCS, Bioco A, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. CEP:21941-590. C. Postal: 68020, farjalla@biologia.ufrj.br Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 373 EP - 383 VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 0102-6712, 0102-6712 KW - Bacteria KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Temperature effects KW - Biological production KW - Denaturation KW - Temporal variations KW - Abundance KW - Brackish KW - Enzymes KW - Water temperature KW - Lagoons KW - Bacterioplankton KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Nannoplankton KW - Oxygen KW - ASW, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Cabiunas Lagoon KW - Tropical environment KW - Oxygen depletion KW - Coastal lagoons KW - Metabolism KW - Diel variations KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19490765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Limnologica+Brasiliensia&rft.atitle=Diel+variation+of+bacterial+abundance+and+productivity+in+tropical+coastal+lagoons%3A+the+importance+of+bottom-up+factors+in+a+short-time+scale&rft.au=Farjalla%2C+V+F%3BLaque%2C+T%3BSuhett%2C+AL%3BAmado%2C+A+M%3BEsteves%2C+FDA&rft.aulast=Farjalla&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+Limnologica+Brasiliensia&rft.issn=01026712&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Biological production; Temporal variations; Tropical environment; Oxygen depletion; Coastal lagoons; Dissolved oxygen; Nannoplankton; Oxygen; Denaturation; Abundance; Enzymes; Water temperature; Lagoons; Bacterioplankton; Metabolism; Diel variations; Bacteria; ASW, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Cabiunas Lagoon; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of the contact interactions between fingertips and objects with different surface curvatures AN - 19457748; 6988750 AB - Previous experimental observations indicated that the contact interactions between finger and tool handle interfere with the grasp stability, affecting the comfort and manipulations of handheld tools. From a biomechanical point of view, the curvature of the contact surface should affect the contact pressure and contact area, and thereby the comfort and manipulations of hand tools. The current authors analysed, via a finite element model, the contact interactions between fingertips and objects with different curvatures. The effects of the curvature on the contact stiffness, fingertip deformations, contact pressure distributions, and stress/strain distributions within the soft tissues were analysed. The simulation results indicated that the curvature of the contact interface influences the contact characteristics significantly. For a given contact force, the contact area and the contact stiffness increase but the contact pressure and the fingertip deformation decrease with the decrease of the contact surface curvature. The present simulation results will be useful for ergonomic designers in their aim to improve the design of tool handles. JF - Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Proceedings. Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine AU - Wu, J Z AU - Dong, R G AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Morgantown, West Virginia, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 89 EP - 103 VL - 219 IS - 2 SN - 0954-4119, 0954-4119 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - Stress KW - Pressure KW - Soft tissues KW - Finger KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19457748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Institution+of+Mechanical+Engineers.+Proceedings.+Part+H%3A+Journal+of+Engineering+in+Medicine&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+the+contact+interactions+between+fingertips+and+objects+with+different+surface+curvatures&rft.au=Wu%2C+J+Z%3BDong%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=219&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Institution+of+Mechanical+Engineers.+Proceedings.+Part+H%3A+Journal+of+Engineering+in+Medicine&rft.issn=09544119&rft_id=info:doi/10.1243%2F095441105X9327 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Stress; Pressure; Soft tissues; Finger DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095441105X9327 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Operationalizing normal accident theory for safety-related computer systems AN - 19293000; 7032933 AB - Computer-related accidents have caused injuries and fatalities in mining as well as other industries. Normal accident theory (NAT) explains that some accidents are inevitable because of system complexity. NAT is a classic argument in organizational sociology although it has been criticized as having imprecise definitions and lacking criteria for quantifying complexity. These limitations are addressed by a unique approach that recasts this organizational theory into an engineering-based methodology to quantify NAT complexities of computer-based systems. In this approach complexity is categorized as external or internal. External complexity is defined by the external behavior of a system, and is quantified by these dependent variables: system predictability, observability, and usability. Dependent variable data contain the perceptions of 32 subjects running simulations of a system. The system's internal complexity is characterized by modeling system-level requirements with the software cost reduction (SCR) formal method. Model attributes are quantified using 15 graph- theoretical metrics - the independent variables. Five of 15 metrics are correlated with the dependent variables as evidenced by structure correlations exceeding 0.25, with standard errors -0.10 and a 95% confidence interval. The results also show that the system predictability, observability, and usability decreased as NAT complexities increased. This research takes a step forward in operationalizing NAT for computerized systems. The research benefits mining and other industries as well. JF - Safety Science AU - Sammarco, John J AD - Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, Mining Injury Prevention Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, P.O. Box 18070, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA, JSammarco@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 697 EP - 714 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 43 IS - 9 SN - 0925-7535, 0925-7535 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - System complexity KW - System safety KW - Normal accident theory KW - Mortality KW - Computer programs KW - Accidents KW - Sociology KW - Injuries KW - Perception KW - Occupational safety KW - Economics KW - Simulation KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19293000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Safety+Science&rft.atitle=Operationalizing+normal+accident+theory+for+safety-related+computer+systems&rft.au=Sammarco%2C+John+J&rft.aulast=Sammarco&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Safety+Science&rft.issn=09257535&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ssci.2005.03.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; Mortality; Sociology; Accidents; Injuries; Perception; Economics; Occupational safety; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2005.03.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Safety considerations for the aging workforce AN - 19289680; 7032905 AB - This paper discusses some of the psychological and physical issues of the aging workforce based on recent literature. Descriptions of physical aging and cognitive aging are presented and the relationship of these factors to worker safety, especially those relevant to the mining industry, is discussed. The authors include suggestions for the integration of this knowledge in the design of appropriate safety and health interventions for older workers. JF - Safety Science AU - Kowalski-Trakofler, Kathleen M AU - Steiner, Lisa J AU - Schwerha, Diana J AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, United States, kkowalski@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 779 EP - 793 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 43 IS - 10 SN - 0925-7535, 0925-7535 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Aging worker KW - Cognition KW - Physical capabilities KW - Work demands KW - Ergonomics KW - Mining KW - safety engineering KW - Psychology KW - Occupational safety KW - health promotion KW - Working conditions KW - aging KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19289680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Safety+Science&rft.atitle=Safety+considerations+for+the+aging+workforce&rft.au=Kowalski-Trakofler%2C+Kathleen+M%3BSteiner%2C+Lisa+J%3BSchwerha%2C+Diana+J&rft.aulast=Kowalski-Trakofler&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=779&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Safety+Science&rft.issn=09257535&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ssci.2005.08.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - safety engineering; Psychology; Occupational safety; health promotion; Working conditions; aging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2005.08.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tuberculosis associated with therapy against tumor necrosis factor alpha AN - 19287931; 6488461 AB - No abstract. JF - Arthritis & Rheumatism AU - Winthrop, Kevin L AU - Siegel, Jeffrey N AU - Jereb, John AU - Taylor, Zachary AU - Iademarco, Michael F AD - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, siegelj@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 2968 EP - 2974 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 52 IS - 10 SN - 0004-3591, 0004-3591 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Mycobacterium KW - Tuberculosis KW - Tumor necrosis factor- alpha KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19287931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arthritis+%26+Rheumatism&rft.atitle=Tuberculosis+associated+with+therapy+against+tumor+necrosis+factor+alpha&rft.au=Winthrop%2C+Kevin+L%3BSiegel%2C+Jeffrey+N%3BJereb%2C+John%3BTaylor%2C+Zachary%3BIademarco%2C+Michael+F&rft.aulast=Winthrop&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2968&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arthritis+%26+Rheumatism&rft.issn=00043591&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fart.21382 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tuberculosis; Tumor necrosis factor- alpha; Mycobacterium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.21382 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro percutaneous absorption of acrylamide and styrene from cosmetic vehicles through fuzzy rat and human skin AN - 17877471; 6263258 AB - Acrylamide (ACR) and styrene (STY) are residual monomers that remain as impurities in polymers used in hair, nail, and skin care products. These residual monomers may be substantially absorbed through skin. Acrylamide is known to be a neurotoxin in humans and a carcinogen in animals, while styrene has been reported to cause neurotoxic effects in humans and animals and carcinogenic effects in rodents. Therefore, studies were conducted to measure the extent of ACR and STY absorption in fuzzy rat and human skin relevant to exposures from personal care products using in vitro diffusion cell techniques. [ super(14)C]-ACR was applied to skin in flow through diffusion cells for 24 h using an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion at doses of 2.2 and 13.3 mu g/cm super(2) (fuzzy rat skin) and 0.2, 2.2, and 13.3 mu g/cm super(2) (human skin). [ super(14)C]-ACR was also applied to human skin using a 2% polyacrylamide gel cream at a dose of 0.3 mu g/cm super(2). [ super(14)C]-STY was applied to fuzzy rat and human skin using the O/W emulsion at a dose of 4.1 mu g/cm super(2). The total amount of ACR or STY that penetrated into skin layers and receptor fluid at the end of the 24 h experiment was measured and expressed as the percent of applied dose penetrated. Absorption was defined as the amount of ACR or STY absorbed into the receptor fluid. At both the 2.2 and 13.3 mu g/cm super(2) dose levels using the O/W emulsion, ACR was rapidly absorbed through both fuzzy rat and human skin, with peak absorption occurring at 6 h. For fuzzy rat skin, total ACR penetrated was 52.9 plus or minus 1.3% at the lower dose level and 49.7 plus or minus 2.4% at the higher dose level. For human skin, total ACR penetrated was very similar with 48.9 plus or minus 1.4% (0.2 mu g/cm super(2) dose level), 49.5 plus or minus 4.4% (2.2 mu g/cm super(2) dose level), and 60.6 plus or minus 12.1% (13.3 mu g/cm super(2) dose level). The total ACR penetrated was reduced to 38.7 plus or minus 11.9% when ACR was applied using the 2% polyacrylamide gel cream (0.3 mu g/cm super(2) dose level). The amounts of total STY that penetrated into fuzzy rat and human skin using the O/W emulsion vehicle were identical at 1.3% (4.1 mu g/cm super(2) dose level). Although absorption of STY was relatively low, it was nevertheless rapid with peak absorption occurring at 6 h. Approximately 84-92% of the total ACR or STY penetrated was absorbed into the receptor fluid while only 8-16% of the total ACR or STY penetrated remained in the skin at 24 h. For these monomers, rodent skin satisfactorily simulated the barrier properties of human skin; there was no significant difference in ACR and STY absorption between fuzzy rat and human skin. JF - Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology AU - Kraeling, MEK AU - Bronaugh, R L AD - Office of Cosmetics and Colors, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, BRF, HFS-128, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA, margaret.kraeling@fda.hhs.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 65 EP - 79 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0731-3829, 0731-3829 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Styrene KW - Skin KW - Impurities KW - Cosmetics KW - Carcinogens KW - Hair KW - Monomers KW - Acrylamide KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Nails KW - Diffusion KW - Neurotoxins KW - X 24140:Cosmetics, toiletries & household products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17877471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Cutaneous+and+Ocular+Toxicology&rft.atitle=In+vitro+percutaneous+absorption+of+acrylamide+and+styrene+from+cosmetic+vehicles+through+fuzzy+rat+and+human+skin&rft.au=Kraeling%2C+MEK%3BBronaugh%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Kraeling&rft.aufirst=MEK&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Cutaneous+and+Ocular+Toxicology&rft.issn=07313829&rft_id=info:doi/10.1081%2FCUS-200051384 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Skin; Monomers; Styrene; Acrylamide; Diffusion; Cosmetics; Nails; Neurotoxicity; Carcinogens; Neurotoxins; Hair; Impurities DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/CUS-200051384 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential occupational risks for neurodegenerative diseases AN - 17871461; 6251424 AB - Associations between occupations and neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) may be discernable in death certificate data. Hypotheses generated from 1982 to 1991 study were tested in data from 22 states for the years 1992-1998. Specific occupations and exposures to pesticides, solvents, oxidative stressors, magnetic fields, and welding fumes were evaluated. About one third (26/87) of the occupations hypothesized with neurodegenerative associations had statistically significant elevated mortality odds ratios (MOR) for the same outcome. Occupations with the largest MORs were (a) for presenile dementia (PSD)- dentists, graders/sorters (non-agricultural), and clergy; (b) for Alzheimer's disease (AD)-bank tellers, clergy, aircraft mechanics, and hairdressers; [copyright] for Parkinson's disease (PD)-biological scientists, clergy, religious workers, and post-secondary teachers; and (d) for motor neuron disease (MND)-veterinarians, hairdressers, and graders and sorters (non-agricultural). Teachers had significantly elevated MORs for all four diseases, and hairdressers for three of the four. Non-horticultural farmers below age 65 had elevated PD (MOR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.47-3.26), PSD (MOR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.10-4.05), and AD (MOR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.04-2.81). Sixty hertz magnetic fields exhibited significant exposure-response for AD and, below age 65, for PD (MOR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.14-2.98) and MND (MOR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.10-2.39). Welding had elevated PD mortality below age 65 (MOR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.08-2.75). Support was observed for hypothesized excess neurodegenerative disease associated with a variety of occupations, 60 Hz magnetic fields and welding. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Park, Robert M AU - Schulte, Paul A AU - Bowman, Joseph D AU - Walker, James T AU - Bondy, Stephen C AU - Yost, Michael G AU - Touchstone, Jennifer A AU - Dosemeci, Mustafa AD - Education and Information Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, rhp9@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 63 EP - 77 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - neurodegenerative diseases KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Parkinson's disease KW - Alzheimer's disease KW - Aircraft KW - Dementia disorders KW - Welding KW - Occupational exposure KW - Mortality KW - Fumes KW - Solvents KW - Motor neuron disease KW - Working conditions KW - Neurodegenerative diseases KW - Magnetic fields KW - Movement disorders KW - Pesticides KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17871461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Potential+occupational+risks+for+neurodegenerative+diseases&rft.au=Park%2C+Robert+M%3BSchulte%2C+Paul+A%3BBowman%2C+Joseph+D%3BWalker%2C+James+T%3BBondy%2C+Stephen+C%3BYost%2C+Michael+G%3BTouchstone%2C+Jennifer+A%3BDosemeci%2C+Mustafa&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20178 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solvents; Welding; Fumes; Mortality; Occupational exposure; Magnetic fields; Working conditions; Pesticides; Neurodegenerative diseases; Movement disorders; Parkinson's disease; Alzheimer's disease; Dementia disorders; Aircraft; Motor neuron disease DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20178 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk factors for Kaposi's sarcoma among HHV-8 seropositive homosexual men with AIDS AN - 17862422; 6192006 AB - Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a frequent complication of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in homosexual men. Risk factors for developing this malignancy are uncertain, other than immunosuppression and coinfection with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). We therefore examined factors associated with KS in a cross-sectional analysis of 99 cases among 503 HHV-8 seropositive homosexual men with AIDS. Data were collected by computer-assisted personal interviews and medical chart reviews. HHV-8 seroreactivity was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies against HHV-8 K8.1 glycoprotein. KS was significantly less common in blacks compared to whites [risk ratio (RR) = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.2 =0.8] and more common in subjects who had completed college (RR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.1-2.7) or had annual income greater than $30,000 (RR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1-2.2). KS was less common in cigarette smokers (RR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.5- 0.9) and users of crack cocaine (RR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.1-0.8). KS was less common in bisexual men compared to men who were exclusively homosexual (estimated RR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.4-0.9) and inversely associated with number of female partners. KS was also less common in men who had received pay for sex (RR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.4-1.0). These cross-sectional associations could be biased by potential differences in relative timing of HHV-8 and HIV infection, a postulated determinant of KS risk. Alternatively, our findings may reflect factors protective against KS in individuals infected with HHV-8. Future research should focus on identifying practical measures for countering KS that do not increase the risk of other diseases. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - International Journal of Cancer AU - Nawar, Eric AU - Mbulaiteye, Sam M AU - Gallant, Joel E AU - Wohl, David A AU - Ardini, Marianne AU - Hendershot, Tabitha AU - Goedert, James J AU - Rabkin, Charles S AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA, rabkinc@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 296 EP - 300 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 115 IS - 2 SN - 0020-7136, 0020-7136 KW - HIV KW - Kaposi's sarcoma KW - Risk Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - human herpesvirus KW - AIDS-related malignancy KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome KW - Cigarettes KW - Human herpesvirus 8 KW - Immunodeficiency KW - Homosexuality KW - Drug abuse KW - Antibodies KW - Malignancy KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - Bisexuality KW - Reviews KW - Risk factors KW - Bisexual KW - Glycoproteins KW - Cocaine KW - Immunosuppression KW - V 22006:AIDS: Other aspects KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17862422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.atitle=Risk+factors+for+Kaposi%27s+sarcoma+among+HHV-8+seropositive+homosexual+men+with+AIDS&rft.au=Nawar%2C+Eric%3BMbulaiteye%2C+Sam+M%3BGallant%2C+Joel+E%3BWohl%2C+David+A%3BArdini%2C+Marianne%3BHendershot%2C+Tabitha%3BGoedert%2C+James+J%3BRabkin%2C+Charles+S&rft.aulast=Nawar&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.issn=00207136&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fijc.20887 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Cigarettes; Immunodeficiency; Homosexuality; Malignancy; Antibodies; Kaposi's sarcoma; Risk factors; Reviews; Bisexual; Glycoproteins; Cocaine; Immunosuppression; Bisexuality; Drug abuse; Human immunodeficiency virus; Human herpesvirus 8 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.20887 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk of silicosis in cohorts of Chinese tin and tungsten miners and pottery workers (II): Workplace-specific silica particle surface composition AN - 17847832; 6251366 AB - It is hypothesized that surface occlusion by alumino-silicate affects the toxic activity of silica particles in respirable dust. In conjunction with an epidemiological investigation of silicosis disease risk in Chinese tin and tungsten mine and pottery workplaces, we analyzed respirable silica dusts using a multiple-voltage scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (MVSEM-EDS). Forty-seven samples of respirable sized dust were collected on filters from 13 worksites and were analyzed by MVSEM-EDS using high (20 keV) and low (5 keV) electron beam accelerating voltages. Changes in the silicon-to-aluminum X-ray line intensity ratio between the two voltages are compared particle-by-particle with the 90th percentile value of the same measurements for a ground glass homogeneous control sample. This provides an index that distinguishes a silica particle that is homogeneously aluminum- contaminated from a clay-coated silica particle. The average sample percentages of respirable-sized silica particles alumino-silicate occlusion were: 45% for potteries, 18% for tin mines, and 13% for tungsten mines. The difference between the pottery and the metal mine worksites accounted for one third of an overall chi-square statistic for differences in change in measured silicon fraction between the samples. The companion epidemiological study found lower silicosis risk per unit cumulative respirable silica dust exposure for pottery workers compared to metal miners. Using these surface analysis results resolves differences in risk when exposure is normalized to cumulative respirable surface-available silica dust. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Harrison, J AU - Chen, J-Q AU - Miller, W AU - Chen, W AU - Hnizdo, E AU - Lu, J AU - Chisholm, W AU - Keane, M AU - Gao, P AU - Wallace, W AD - US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, wwallace@edc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 10 EP - 15 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Silicosis KW - Mining KW - Particulates KW - Dust KW - Tungsten KW - Occupational exposure KW - Respiratory tract diseases KW - Tin KW - China, People's Rep. KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17847832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Risk+of+silicosis+in+cohorts+of+Chinese+tin+and+tungsten+miners+and+pottery+workers+%28II%29%3A+Workplace-specific+silica+particle+surface+composition&rft.au=Harrison%2C+J%3BChen%2C+J-Q%3BMiller%2C+W%3BChen%2C+W%3BHnizdo%2C+E%3BLu%2C+J%3BChisholm%2C+W%3BKeane%2C+M%3BGao%2C+P%3BWallace%2C+W&rft.aulast=Harrison&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20175 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - China, People's Rep.; Tin; Tungsten; Mining; Occupational exposure; Dust; Silicosis; Respiratory diseases; Particulates; Respiratory tract diseases DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20175 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence of asthma by industry in the US population: A study of 2001 NHIS data AN - 17845082; 6247605 AB - The estimated number of US workers potentially exposed to asthmagens ranges from 8 to 20 million. This study was undertaken to estimate the US prevalence of asthma in adults by industry of employment and to identify industries with elevated risk of asthma. Prevalence analysis was performed on 20,991 adults, 18 years of age and older who participated in the 2001 National Health Interview survey. We used SUDAAN software to estimate the prevalence of self-reported physician diagnosed asthma by industry, and odds ratios (ORs) for asthma and industry adjusted for age, sex, race, and smoking status. The overall prevalence of physician diagnosed asthma was 6.5% (95% CI 6.1-6.9); 4.7% (95% CI 4.1-5.3) for males and 8.5% (95% CI 7.9-9.1) for females. In whites, the prevalence and ORs were significantly elevated for printing, publishing, and allied industries (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-5.0) and health care (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.7). In blacks, ORs were elevated for furniture, lumber, and wood (OR = 5.9, 95% CI 1.4- 25.4) and entertainment and recreation industries (OR = 4.1, 95% CI 1.1-15.9). Other industries with elevated ORs included automobile dealers and gasoline station; durable goods; elementary, secondary schools, and colleges; other personal services; eating and drinking places; entertainment and recreation services; and utility and sanitary. Industries with elevated prevalence of asthma are identified. This information helps to target workplaces where detailed investigations for prevention and control may be appropriate. Am. J. Ind. Med. 47:500-508, 2005. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Bang, Ki Moon AU - Hnizdo, Eva AU - Doney, Brent AD - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC, Morgantown, West Virginia, KMB2@CDC.GOV Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 500 EP - 508 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Age KW - Gasoline KW - Motor vehicles KW - males KW - Wood KW - Asthma KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Smoking KW - USA KW - prevention KW - Females KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17845082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Prevalence+of+asthma+by+industry+in+the+US+population%3A+A+study+of+2001+NHIS+data&rft.au=Bang%2C+Ki+Moon%3BHnizdo%2C+Eva%3BDoney%2C+Brent&rft.aulast=Bang&rft.aufirst=Ki&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20170 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Respiratory diseases; Asthma; Age; Wood; Gasoline; males; Females; prevention; Motor vehicles; Smoking DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20170 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical and mental health symptoms among NYC transit workers seven and one-half months after the WTC attacks AN - 17844950; 6247602 AB - On September 11, 2001, 600-800 New York City transit (NYCT) workers were working near the World Trade Center (WTC) Towers. After the disaster, employees reported physical and mental health symptoms related to the event. Two hundred sixty-nine NYC transit employees were surveyed for mental and physical health symptoms 71/2 months after the WTC disaster. Workers in the dust cloud at the time of the WTC collapse had significantly higher risk of persistent lower respiratory (OR = 9.85; 95% CI: 2.24, 58.93) and mucous membrane (OR = 4.91; 95% CI: 1.53, 16.22) symptoms, depressive symptoms (OR = 2.48; 95% CI: 1.12, 5.51), and PTSD symptoms (OR = 2.91; 95% CI: 1.003, 8.16) compared to those not exposed to the dust cloud. Additional WTC exposures and potential confounders were also analyzed. Clinical follow up for physical and psychological health conditions should be provided for public transportation workers in the event of a catastrophic event. Am. J. Ind. Med. 47:475-483, 2005. Published 2005 Wiley- Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Tapp, Loren C AU - Baron, Sherry AU - Bernard, Bruce AU - Driscoll, Richard AU - Mueller, Charles AU - Wallingford, Ken AD - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio, let7@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 475 EP - 483 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Psychology KW - Urban areas KW - Terrorism KW - Stress KW - USA, New York, New York KW - Posttraumatic stress disorder KW - Occupational health KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17844950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Physical+and+mental+health+symptoms+among+NYC+transit+workers+seven+and+one-half+months+after+the+WTC+attacks&rft.au=Tapp%2C+Loren+C%3BBaron%2C+Sherry%3BBernard%2C+Bruce%3BDriscoll%2C+Richard%3BMueller%2C+Charles%3BWallingford%2C+Ken&rft.aulast=Tapp&rft.aufirst=Loren&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20177 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, New York, New York; Terrorism; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Urban areas; Occupational health; Psychology; Stress DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20177 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of hyperthermia and boric acid on skeletal development in rat embryos AN - 17843713; 6257825 AB - The individual effects of boric acid (BA) and hyperthermia on the development of the axial skeleton have been reported previously. Both cause an increased incidence of axial skeletal defects including a decrease in the total number of ribs and vertebrae. Because of the similarity in the effects of the two agents, we examined their interaction when given in combination to pregnant rats on gestational day (GD) 10. Dams were treated on GD 10 with BA (0, 250, or 500 mg/kg) and hyperthermia (37, 41, or 42 degree C) and allowed to deliver their pups. Doses of BA were based on results from a dose-finding study. Litters were evaluated on postnatal days (PND) 1 and 3 for number, gender, and weight of pups. On PND3, pups were examined externally and viscerally, and double-stained for skeletal evaluation. A dose-dependent, statistically significant increase in fetal skeletal defects was seen on PND 3 with BA or hyperthermia alone with even greater effects when given in combination. Defects included rib and vertebral fusions, split vertebral centra in the thoracic and lumbar areas, and a decrease in the total number of ribs and vertebrae. The increased incidence of skeletal defects resulting from combined exposure to hyperthermia and BA was additive for segmentation defects and synergistic for the reduction in numbers of vertebrae. JF - Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology AU - Harrouk, Wafa A AU - Wheeler, Kellylynn E AU - Kimmel, Gary L AU - Hogan, Karen A AU - Kimmel, Carole A AD - Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Rockville, Maryland, harroukw@cder.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 268 EP - 276 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 74 IS - 3 SN - 1542-9733, 1542-9733 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Rib KW - Hyperthermia KW - Spine KW - Statistical analysis KW - Segmentation KW - Congenital defects KW - boric acid KW - Vertebrae KW - Skeleton KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17843713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birth+Defects+Research+Part+B%3A+Developmental+and+Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+hyperthermia+and+boric+acid+on+skeletal+development+in+rat+embryos&rft.au=Harrouk%2C+Wafa+A%3BWheeler%2C+Kellylynn+E%3BKimmel%2C+Gary+L%3BHogan%2C+Karen+A%3BKimmel%2C+Carole+A&rft.aulast=Harrouk&rft.aufirst=Wafa&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Birth+Defects+Research+Part+B%3A+Developmental+and+Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=15429733&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbdrb.20047 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hyperthermia; Vertebrae; Rib; Spine; boric acid; Congenital defects; Skeleton; Segmentation; Statistical analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdrb.20047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critical window of male reproductive tract development in rats following gestational exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate AN - 17841568; 6257826 AB - Gestational exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, has been shown to interfere with the development of the male reproductive tract by acting as an antiandrogen. This study was conducted to identify the critical days for the abnormal development of the male reproductive tract, specifically the testis and epididymis. Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed with DBP at 500 mg/kg/day on gestation day (GD) 14 and 15, 15 and 16, 16 and 17, 17 and 18, 18 and 19, or 19 and 20 (GD 0=plug day). Anogenital distance (AGD) was measured on postnatal day (PND) 1 and 13, while areloa number was recorded on PND 13 only. After weaning, males were allowed to mature to PND 90 at which time they were necropsied. Areloa number and AGD were recorded and testes, epididymides, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, kidneys, and liver weighed. Blood serum was collected and assayed for total testosterone concentration. There were no observable effects on litter size, sex ratio, serum testosterone concentration, or mortality of pups. Statistically significant permanent reductions in AGD were seen in males exposed prenatally to DBP on GD 15 and 16 or GD 18 and 19. On PND 13, areola were present in males exposed to DBP on GD 15 and 16, 16 and 17, 17 and 18, and 19 and 20. However, permanent retention occurred only in males after DBP exposure on GD 16 and 17. Exposure to DBP on only GD 17 and 18 elicited a reduction in epididymal weights; while exposure on only GD 16 and 17 caused a significant increase in the weights of the testes due to edema. In this study, epididymal and testicular malformations were most prevalent after exposure to DBP on any gestational day. Epididymal malformations, characterized by agenesis of various regions and small or flaccid testes were significantly increased in DBP-exposed males only on GD 16 and 17. These findings suggest that 2-day DBP exposure is highly detrimental to the developing reproductive tract of the male fetus and the critical window for abnormal development is GD 16-18. JF - Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology AU - Carruthers, Christina M AU - Foster, Paul MD AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, carruth1@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 277 EP - 285 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 74 IS - 3 SN - 1542-9733, 1542-9733 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Testes KW - Sex ratio KW - Epididymis KW - Statistical analysis KW - Edema KW - Weaning KW - Blood KW - phthalates KW - Testosterone KW - antiandrogens KW - seminal vesicles KW - Glands KW - Gestation KW - Liver KW - Kidney KW - Congenital defects KW - Contaminants KW - Prostate KW - X 24154:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17841568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birth+Defects+Research+Part+B%3A+Developmental+and+Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Critical+window+of+male+reproductive+tract+development+in+rats+following+gestational+exposure+to+di-n-butyl+phthalate&rft.au=Carruthers%2C+Christina+M%3BFoster%2C+Paul+MD&rft.aulast=Carruthers&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Birth+Defects+Research+Part+B%3A+Developmental+and+Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=15429733&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbdrb.20050 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Testes; phthalates; Testosterone; Sex ratio; antiandrogens; Gestation; Congenital defects; Contaminants; Weaning; Statistical analysis; seminal vesicles; Kidney; Edema; Prostate; Glands; Epididymis; Liver; Blood DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdrb.20050 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid Multiplex Assay for Serotyping Pneumococci with Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies AN - 17810567; 6170701 AB - We have developed and characterized a rapid semiautomated pneumococcal serotyping system incorporating a pneumococcal lysate preparation protocol and a multiplex serotyping assay. The lysate preparation incorporates a bile solubility test to confirm pneumococcal identification that also enhances assay specificity. The multiplex serotyping assay consists of 24 assays specific for 36 serotypes: serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7A/7F, 8, 9L/9N, 9V, 10A/10B/39/(33C), 11A/11D/11F, 12A/12B/12F, 14, 15B/(15C), 17F, 18C, 19A, 19F, 20, 22A/22F, 23F, and 33A/33F. The multiplex assay requires a flow cytometer, two sets of latex particles coated with pneumococcal polysaccharides, and serotype-specific antibodies. Fourteen newly developed monoclonal antibodies specific for common serotypes and a pool of polyclonal rabbit sera for some of the less-common serotypes are used. The two monoclonal antibodies specific for serotypes 18C and 23F recognize serotype-specific epitopes that have not been previously described. These monoclonal antibodies make the identification of the 14 common serotypes invariant. The specificity of the serotyping assay is fully characterized with pneumococci of all known (i.e., 90) serotypes. The assay is sensitive enough to use bacterial lysates diluted 20 fold. Our serotyping system can identify not only all the serotypes in pneumococcal vaccines but also most (>90%) of clinical isolates. This system should be very useful in serotyping clinical isolates for evaluating pneumococcal vaccine efficacy. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Yu, Jigui AU - Lin, Jisheng AU - Benjamin, William H AU - Waites, Ken B AU - Lee, Che-Hung AU - Nahm, Moon H AD - Departments of Pathology. Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 156 EP - 162 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Clinical isolates KW - Antibodies KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - Solubility KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Serotyping KW - Latex KW - Vaccines KW - Polysaccharides KW - Epitopes KW - J 02831:Techniques and reagents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17810567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Rapid+Multiplex+Assay+for+Serotyping+Pneumococci+with+Monoclonal+and+Polyclonal+Antibodies&rft.au=Yu%2C+Jigui%3BLin%2C+Jisheng%3BBenjamin%2C+William+H%3BWaites%2C+Ken+B%3BLee%2C+Che-Hung%3BNahm%2C+Moon+H&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Jigui&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Streptococcus pneumoniae; Serotyping; Monoclonal antibodies; Clinical isolates; Vaccines; Solubility; Antibodies; Epitopes; Polysaccharides; Latex ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic Typing of the Porin Protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Clinical Noncultured Samples for Strain Characterization and Identification of Mixed Gonococcal Infections AN - 17809662; 6171021 AB - Molecular methods that characterize the Neisseria gonorrhoeae porin protein Por are needed to study gonococcal pathogenesis in the natural host and to classify strains from direct clinical samples used with nucleic acid amplification-based tests. We have defined the capabilities of por variable region (VR) typing and determined suitable conditions to apply the method to direct clinical specimens. Nested PCR from spiked urine samples detected 1 to 10 copies of template DNA; freezing spiked whole urine greatly reduced the ability to amplify porB. In a laboratory model of mixed gonococcal infections, the por type of one strain could be determined in the presence of a 100-fold excess of another. por VR typing was used to examine clinical samples from women enrolled in studies conducted in Baltimore, Md., and Madagascar. por type was determined from 100% of paired cervical swab and wick samples from 20 culture-positive women from Baltimore; results for eight individuals (40%) suggested infection with more than one strain. In frozen urine samples from Madagascar, porB was amplified and typed from 60 of 126 samples from ligase chain reaction (LCR)- positive women and 3 samples from LCR-negative women. The por VR types of 13 samples (21%) suggested the presence of more than one gonococcal strain. Five por types, identified in >45% of women with typed samples, were common to both geographic areas. Molecular typing is an important adjunct to nucleic acid amplification-based diagnostics. Methods that utilize direct clinical samples and can identify mixed infections may contribute significantly to studies of host immunity, gonococcal epidemiology, and pathogenesis. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Lynn, Freyja AU - Hobbs, Marcia M AU - Zenilman, Jonathan M AU - Behets, Frieda MTF AU - Van Damme, Kathleen AU - Rasamindrakotroka, Andry AU - Bash, Margaret C AD - Division of Bacterial, Parasitic, and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 368 EP - 375 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - ligase chain reaction KW - Porins KW - Freezing KW - Identification KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - Models KW - nucleic acids KW - Typing KW - Epidemiology KW - Urine KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Cervix KW - Variable region KW - Mixed infection KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17809662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Genetic+Typing+of+the+Porin+Protein+of+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae+from+Clinical+Noncultured+Samples+for+Strain+Characterization+and+Identification+of+Mixed+Gonococcal+Infections&rft.au=Lynn%2C+Freyja%3BHobbs%2C+Marcia+M%3BZenilman%2C+Jonathan+M%3BBehets%2C+Frieda+MTF%3BVan+Damme%2C+Kathleen%3BRasamindrakotroka%2C+Andry%3BBash%2C+Margaret+C&rft.aulast=Lynn&rft.aufirst=Freyja&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=368&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Typing; Urine; nucleic acids; Porins; Mixed infection; Models; Variable region; ligase chain reaction; Epidemiology; Identification; Cervix; Freezing; Polymerase chain reaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical limitations and musculoskeletal complaints associated with work in unusual or restricted postures: A literature review AN - 17808069; 6202186 AB - Introduction: The vast majority of ergonomics research has addressed the demands of work in standing or sitting postures, and understandably so. However, many workers (e.g. underground miners, aircraft baggage handlers, plumbers, agricultural workers, mechanics, and others) are often required to adopt postures such as kneeling, stooping, squatting, or lying down for significant periods of the workday. Method: A literature search was performed using the ISI Web of Science database (for years 1980-2004). Articles retrieved from this search were evaluated in terms of relevance to assessing physical capabilities of workers in these postures and/or the musculoskeletal epidemiology associated with these postures. Results: Work in unusual and restricted postures was associated with significantly higher rates of musculoskeletal complaints compared to workers not adopting these postures in epidemiology studies (Odds Ratios ranging from 1.13 to 13). Some studies suggested a dose-response relationship, with longer exposures leading to increased musculoskeletal complaints. Physical strength and psychophysical lifting capacity vary significantly as unusual or restricted postures are adopted, with lower lifting capacities evident in the kneeling, squatting, and lying positions. Conclusions: Workers who adopt unusual or restricted postures appear to be at higher risk of musculoskeletal complaints and often exhibit reduced strength and lifting capacity. Research needs in this area include improved exposure assessment tools, studies of intervention effectiveness, adaptations of the body in response of work in unusual postures, and elucidation of relevant injury pathways. Impact on Industry: Workers who adopt unusual or restricted postures in their work often experience higher musculoskeletal injury rates. If awkward postures cannot be eliminated in the workplace, jobs should be designed in accordance with the reduced strength and lifting capabilities observed in these postures. JF - Journal of Safety Research AU - Gallagher, S AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, PO Box 18070, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0070, United States, sfg9@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 51 EP - 61 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 36 IS - 1 SN - 0022-4375, 0022-4375 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Injuries KW - working conditions KW - Aircraft KW - Dose-response effects KW - Ergonomics KW - musculoskeletal system KW - Reviews KW - lifting KW - Occupational health KW - posture KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17808069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Safety+Research&rft.atitle=Physical+limitations+and+musculoskeletal+complaints+associated+with+work+in+unusual+or+restricted+postures%3A+A+literature+review&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+S&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Safety+Research&rft.issn=00224375&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jsr.2004.12.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - posture; musculoskeletal system; Reviews; lifting; Injuries; working conditions; Ergonomics; Aircraft; Dose-response effects; Occupational health; Agriculture DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2004.12.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GenBank AN - 17803796; 6174221 AB - GenBank super([reg.]) is a comprehensive database that contains publicly available DNA sequences for more than 165 000 named organisms, obtained primarily through submissions from individual laboratories and batch submissions from large-scale sequencing projects. Most submissions are made using the web- based BankIt or standalone Sequin programs and accession numbers are assigned by GenBank staff upon receipt. Daily data exchange with the EMBL Data Library in the UK and the DNA Data Bank of Japan helps to ensure worldwide coverage. GenBank is accessible through NCBI's retrieval system, Entrez, which integrates data from the major DNA and protein sequence databases along with taxonomy, genome, mapping, protein structure and domain information, and the biomedical journal literature via PubMed. BLAST provides sequence similarity searches of GenBank and other sequence databases. Complete bimonthly releases and daily updates of the GenBank database are available by FTP. To access GenBank and its related retrieval and analysis services, go to the NCBI Homepage at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Benson, Dennis A AU - Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene AU - Lipman, David J AU - Ostell, James AU - Wheeler, David L AD - Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Building 38A, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD Y1 - 2005/01/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 01 SP - D34 EP - D38 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 33 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - GenBank KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Genomes KW - Peptide mapping KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Protein structure KW - Data banks KW - Computer programs KW - Blast KW - Databases KW - Taxonomy KW - Amino acid sequence KW - Gene mapping KW - G 07120:Recombinant DNA/Genetic engineering KW - N 14020:DNA/RNA genomics sequence KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17803796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=GenBank&rft.au=Benson%2C+Dennis+A%3BKarsch-Mizrachi%2C+Ilene%3BLipman%2C+David+J%3BOstell%2C+James%3BWheeler%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Benson&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=&rft.spage=D34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; Nucleotide sequence; Blast; Data banks; Peptide mapping; Computer programs; Genomes; Gene mapping; Taxonomy; Protein structure; Amino acid sequence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCR Testing of Pooled Longitudinally Collected Cervical Specimens of Women to Increase the Efficiency of Studying Human Papillomavirus Infection AN - 17803076; 6167098 AB - In large active cohort studies of women investigating human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical neoplasia, many women will be HPV-negative at all time points and testing of all their cervical specimens is an inefficient use of laboratory resources. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate whether pooling cervical specimens from the same woman might provide a useful pretest of specimens from women unlikely to have high-grade cervical neoplasia or significant HPV exposure. We selected women (n = 187) participating in the Guanacaste Project for whom we already had HPV testing data on all their specimens from multiple visits (median = 8 visits), who were HPV DNA-negative at enrollment and at their 5-to 7-year exit from the cohort, and had no evidence of high-grade cervical neoplasia. Equal aliquots of cervical specimens from these women were pooled to create a proportional pooled specimen. Aliquots of pooled specimens were tested in a masked fashion by MY09/11 L1 consensus primer PCR. Second aliquots of some pooled specimens (n = 83) were included to assess the reliability of pooled testing. Results were compared with the predicted (expected) results based on the obtained test results of the individual specimens collected at interim visits. There was good overall agreement between observed and expected HPV DNA positivity, with a Kappa of 0.63 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.51-0.75] and a percent agreement of 83.4% (95% CI, 77.3-88.5%) although the HPV DNA positivity in the pooled specimen was less than expected (P = 0.001). The agreement between observed and expected HPV DNA positivity was related to the number of aliquots pooled, suggesting that positivity was related to viral genome concentrations. The Kappa and percent agreement for intra-batch reliability of testing pooled specimens were 0.68 (95% CI, 0.53-0.84) and 84.3% (95% CI, 74.7-91.4%), respectively. We conclude that pooling specimens and testing by PCR may be useful for discriminating HPV DNA-positive from completely negative specimen sets in women who are likely to have been HPV DNA-negative.> JF - Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention AU - Castle, Philip E AU - Schiffman, Mark AU - Herrero, Rolando AU - Hildesheim, Allan AU - Rodriguez, Ana-Cecilia AU - Bratti, MConcepcion AU - Wacholder, Sholom AU - Kendal, Hortense AU - Breheny, Anne M AU - Prior, Andrew AU - Pfeiffer, Ruth AU - Burk, Robert D AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 256 EP - 260 PB - American Association for Cancer Research, 615 Chestnut St., 17th Floor Philadelphia PA 19106-4404 USA, [URL:http://www.aacr.org/] VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1055-9965, 1055-9965 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Genomes KW - biomarkers KW - Neoplasia KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Cervix KW - Human papillomavirus KW - A 01114:Viruses KW - V 22121:Diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17803076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Epidemiology%2C+Biomarkers+%26+Prevention&rft.atitle=PCR+Testing+of+Pooled+Longitudinally+Collected+Cervical+Specimens+of+Women+to+Increase+the+Efficiency+of+Studying+Human+Papillomavirus+Infection&rft.au=Castle%2C+Philip+E%3BSchiffman%2C+Mark%3BHerrero%2C+Rolando%3BHildesheim%2C+Allan%3BRodriguez%2C+Ana-Cecilia%3BBratti%2C+MConcepcion%3BWacholder%2C+Sholom%3BKendal%2C+Hortense%3BBreheny%2C+Anne+M%3BPrior%2C+Andrew%3BPfeiffer%2C+Ruth%3BBurk%2C+Robert+D&rft.aulast=Castle&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Epidemiology%2C+Biomarkers+%26+Prevention&rft.issn=10559965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Human papillomavirus; Cervix; Neoplasia; Polymerase chain reaction; Genomes; Primers; biomarkers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lower back disorders among forklift operators: An emerging occupational health problem? AN - 17774398; 6182478 AB - Most studies focusing on the occupational hazards associated with forklift operation have examined risks of fatalities and traumatic injuries. Few studies have examined the magnitude of risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). We review and critically appraise the epidemiological studies conducted on forklift operators in relation to MSDs, such as lower back pain and neck problems. A comprehensive search of databases resulted in the identification of seven epidemiological studies that addressed MSDs. A critical appraisal of these studies was conducted using epidemiological principles and a meta-analysis approach that involved the use of the confidence limit method to determine an overall "meta-odds ratio." The methodological quality of these studies ranged from "marginal" to "average" with the exception of one study, which was considered "good." The meta-odds ratio for lower back pain among forklift operators was 2.13 (95% CI: 1.57, 2.87). Our results suggest that forklift operators are at increased risk of lower back pain. Additional high quality epidemiological studies are needed in the US, however, to determine the magnitude of risk for MSDs. In this regard, studies should address not only lower back pain among forklifts operators, but also neck pain. A full exposure assessment of physical and non-physical factors in these studies is needed. Am. J. Ind. Med. 47:333-340, 2005. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Waters, Thomas AU - Genaidy, Ash AU - Deddens, James AU - Barriera-Viruet, Heriberto AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati Ohio, trw1@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 333 EP - 340 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - forklift operators KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Pain KW - Hazards KW - Mortality KW - musculoskeletal system KW - Back injuries KW - USA KW - Reviews KW - Occupational health KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17774398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Lower+back+disorders+among+forklift+operators%3A+An+emerging+occupational+health+problem%3F&rft.au=Waters%2C+Thomas%3BGenaidy%2C+Ash%3BDeddens%2C+James%3BBarriera-Viruet%2C+Heriberto&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20146 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Back injuries; musculoskeletal system; Pain; Reviews; Hazards; Occupational health; Mortality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20146 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Process-related risk of beryllium sensitization and disease in a copper-beryllium alloy facility AN - 17748891; 6152785 AB - Chronic beryllium disease (CBD), which primarily affects the lungs, occurs in sensitized beryllium-exposed individuals. At a copper-beryllium alloy strip and wire finishing facility we performed a cross-sectional survey to examine prevalences of beryllium sensitization and CBD, and relationships between sensitization and CBD and work areas/processes. Current employees (185) were offered beryllium lymphocyte proliferation testing (BeLPT) for sensitization, clinical evaluation for CBD (if sensitized), and questionnaires. We obtained historical airborne beryllium measurements. Participation was 83%. Prevalences of sensitization and CBD were 7% (10/153) and 4% (6/153), respectively; this included employees with abnormal BeLPTs from two laboratories, four diagnosed with CBD during the survey, and one each diagnosed preceding and following the survey. Potential BeLPT laboratory problems were noted; one laboratory was twice as likely to have reported an abnormal result (P < 0.05, all tests), and five times as likely to have reported a borderline or uninterpretable result (P < 0.05, first blood draw and all tests). CBD risk was highest in rod and wire production (P < 0.05), where air levels were highest. Sensitization and CBD were associated with an area in which beryllium air levels exceeded 0.2 mu g/m super(3), and not with areas where this level was rarely exceeded. Employees at this copper-beryllium alloy facility had similar prevalences of sensitization and CBD as workers at facilities with higher beryllium air levels. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Schuler, Christine R AU - Kent, Michael S AU - Deubner, David C AU - Berakis, Michael T AU - McCawley, Michael AU - Henneberger, Paul K AU - Rossman, Milton D AU - Kreiss, Kathleen AD - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia, cschuler@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 195 EP - 205 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Occupational diseases KW - Lymphocytes KW - Copper KW - occupational diseases KW - Metal finishing industry KW - Occupational exposure KW - Lung KW - Beryllium KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17748891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Process-related+risk+of+beryllium+sensitization+and+disease+in+a+copper-beryllium+alloy+facility&rft.au=Schuler%2C+Christine+R%3BKent%2C+Michael+S%3BDeubner%2C+David+C%3BBerakis%2C+Michael+T%3BMcCawley%2C+Michael%3BHenneberger%2C+Paul+K%3BRossman%2C+Milton+D%3BKreiss%2C+Kathleen&rft.aulast=Schuler&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20140 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Beryllium; Copper; Metal finishing industry; Occupational exposure; occupational diseases; Lung; Historical account; Lymphocytes; Occupational diseases DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20140 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Change in permeation parameters and the decontamination efficacy of three chemical protective gloves after repeated exposures to solvents and thermal decontaminations AN - 17747233; 6129120 AB - Chemical protective clothing (CPC) and gloves, which provide adequate protection, are usually too expensive to be considered disposable. Repeated use of CPC without effective decontamination may result in secondary exposure and injury. However, decontamination may change the physical and/or chemical properties of the barrier material, causing variations in breakthrough time (BT) and steady-state permeation rate (SSPR). Glove materials including neoprene, Guardian butyl rubber, and nitrile synthetic rubber were selected for this study. Toluene and acetone were chosen as the challenge chemicals. Permeation was measured in a closed loop system using a 2.5 cm permeation cell and a MIRAN infrared analyzer (Foxboro, MA). Following the permeation test, the samples were thermally decontaminated. After each exposure/decontamination cycle, BT and SSPR were measured. A total of 260 permeation tests were conducted. Permeation test results were collected on each material/chemical combination for up to 10 exposure/decontamination cycles. On average, changes in BT and SSPR in comparison with respect to new swatches were 11.5% and 13.7% after seven exposure/decontamination cycles. The percentages increased to 26.6% and 15.9% after 10 exposure/decontamination cycles, respectively. For at least seven cycles, the BT mean for four out of five material/chemical combinations tested (neoprene/acetone, neoprene/toluene, nitrile/acetone, and nitrile/toluene) was not significantly different from the original value of the BT for each corresponding swatch. Similarly, the SSPR mean for each of the five material/chemical combinations after at least five cycles was not significantly different from those for new swatches. The BT mean for the butyl/toluene combination, however, was significantly different from the new swatches even after the first exposure/decontamination. The SSPR mean was significantly different after five cycles compared to the new swatches. Except for the butyl/toluene combination, thermal decontamination was an effective method in removing the solvents from the matrix of selected glove materials. Multiple reuses of some chemical protective gloves could be safe if effective decontamination methods are used and the glove materials do not have significant degradation. Am. J. Ind. Med. 47:131-143, 2005. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Gao, Pengfei AU - El-Ayouby, Nadia AU - Wassell, James T AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, pcg9@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 131 EP - 143 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Protective clothing KW - Solvents KW - Gloves KW - Decontamination KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17747233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Change+in+permeation+parameters+and+the+decontamination+efficacy+of+three+chemical+protective+gloves+after+repeated+exposures+to+solvents+and+thermal+decontaminations&rft.au=Gao%2C+Pengfei%3BEl-Ayouby%2C+Nadia%3BWassell%2C+James+T&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Pengfei&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20121 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Occupational exposure; Solvents; Decontamination; Protective clothing; Gloves DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20121 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation exposure from work-related medical X-rays at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard AN - 17746731; 6152786 AB - Previous analyses suggest that worker radiation dose may be significantly increased by routine occupational X-ray examinations. Medical exposures are investigated for 570 civilian workers employed at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard (PNS) at Kittery, Maine. The research objective was to determine the radiation exposure contribution of work-related chest X-rays (WRX) relative to conventional workplace radiation sources. Methods were developed to estimate absorbed doses to the active (hematopoietic) bone marrow from X-ray examinations and workplace exposures using data extracted from worker dosimetry records (8,468) and health records (2,453). Dose distributions were examined for radiation and non-radiation workers. Photofluorographic chest examinations resulted in 82% of the dose from medical sources. Radiation workers received 26% of their collective dose from WRX and received 66% more WRX exposure than non- radiation workers. WRX can result in a significant fraction of the total dose, especially for radiation workers who were more likely to be subjected to routine medical monitoring. Omission of WRX from the total dose is a likely source of bias that can lead to dose category misclassification and may skew the epidemiologic dose-response assessment for cancers induced by the workplace. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Daniels, Robert D AU - Kubale, Travis L AU - Spitz, Henry B AD - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies (DSHEFS), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio, RTD2@CDC.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 206 EP - 216 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - X radiation KW - Bone marrow KW - USA, Maine, Kittery KW - Cancer KW - Radiation KW - Dose-response effects KW - Occupational exposure KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17746731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Radiation+exposure+from+work-related+medical+X-rays+at+the+Portsmouth+Naval+Shipyard&rft.au=Daniels%2C+Robert+D%3BKubale%2C+Travis+L%3BSpitz%2C+Henry+B&rft.aulast=Daniels&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=206&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20141 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Maine, Kittery; Radiation; Occupational exposure; Dose-response effects; Bone marrow; Cancer; X radiation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20141 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Prior Growth Conditions on the Thermal Inactivation of 13 Strains of Listeria monocytogenes in Two Heating Menstrua AN - 17743641; 6119737 AB - The thermal tolerance of 13 Listeria monocytogenes strains was tested using a submerged heating coil apparatus. The strains were grown individually for 18 h at 37 degree C in acidogenic tryptic soy broth (without dextrose) supplemented with 1% glucose and 1% glutamine (TSB+G) or nonacidogenic tryptic soy broth supplemented with 1% glutamine but containing no glucose (dextrose) (TSB-G). The former medium results in cells induced for pH-dependent, stationary-phase acid resistance, whereas the latter medium allows L. monocytogenes to grow to high numbers in the absence of glucose, yielding cells that are not induced for pH-dependent, stationary-phase acid resistance. The average final pH values of the 18-h TSB+G and the TSB-G cultures were 4.7 and 6.7, respectively. The cells grown in the acid resistance-inducing and non-acid resistance-inducing media were then tested in two heating menstrua that consisted of brain heart infusion broth adjusted to pH 3.0 and water activity (a sub(w)) of 0.987 or pH 7.0 and a sub(w) 0.970. In 14 of the 26 menstruum-strain combinations tested, the acid resistance-induced strains were more heat resistant then the equivalent noninduced cultures. No difference in the pattern of thermal resistance in response to induction of acid resistance was apparent among the different serovars tested. The results suggest that the ability of prior induction of acid resistance to enhance thermal resistance can vary substantially among L. monocytogenes strains. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Edelson-Mammel, Sharon G AU - Whiting, Richard C AU - Joseph, Sam W AU - Buchanan, Robert L AD - Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland 20740 Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 168 EP - 172 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Acid resistance KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - Glutamine KW - Growth conditions KW - Water activity KW - Glucose KW - Cell culture KW - Inactivation KW - pH effects KW - A 01019:Sterilization, preservation & packaging KW - J 02812:Antibacterial Agents: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17743641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Prior+Growth+Conditions+on+the+Thermal+Inactivation+of+13+Strains+of+Listeria+monocytogenes+in+Two+Heating+Menstrua&rft.au=Edelson-Mammel%2C+Sharon+G%3BWhiting%2C+Richard+C%3BJoseph%2C+Sam+W%3BBuchanan%2C+Robert+L&rft.aulast=Edelson-Mammel&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Listeria monocytogenes; Inactivation; Glucose; pH effects; Glutamine; Cell culture; Growth conditions; Water activity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flock workers' exposures and respiratory symptoms in five plants AN - 17743285; 6129122 AB - Sentinel cases of lymphocytic bronchiolitis in flock production and coating operations triggered a five-plant study of airborne respirable dust and fiber exposures and health symptoms. Job histories from 219 current workers were linked to a job-exposure matrix derived from personal exposure measurements of respirable dust and fibers. Univariate group comparisons and multivariate modeling tested for relations between indices of cumulative and current exposure, and respiratory and systemic symptom outcomes. Respiratory symptoms and repeated flu-like illnesses were associated with use of compressed air to clear equipment (blow-downs) and with respirable dust exposure (current and cumulative) after controlling for smoking. Blow-downs had an equal or greater effect than smoking status on most symptoms. Eliminating compressed air cleaning, engineering control of dust exposure, and respirators are needed to limit exposures to particulates. Longitudinal follow up may provide guidance for a dust or fiber level without adverse respiratory health effects. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Daroowalla, Feroza AU - Wang, Mei-Lin AU - Piacitelli, Chris AU - Attfield, Michael D AU - Kreiss, Kathleen AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, Morgantown, West Verginia, kkreiss@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 144 EP - 152 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Smoking KW - Agriculture KW - Respiration KW - Particulates KW - Dust KW - Respiratory function KW - Occupational exposure KW - Air pollution KW - Fibers KW - Respirators KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - X 24154:Pathology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17743285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Flock+workers%27+exposures+and+respiratory+symptoms+in+five+plants&rft.au=Daroowalla%2C+Feroza%3BWang%2C+Mei-Lin%3BPiacitelli%2C+Chris%3BAttfield%2C+Michael+D%3BKreiss%2C+Kathleen&rft.aulast=Daroowalla&rft.aufirst=Feroza&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20120 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Respiration; Dust; Particulates; Fibers; Smoking; Occupational exposure; Air pollution; Respirators; Respiratory function; Agriculture DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20120 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Truck drivers and heart disease in the United States, 1979-1990 AN - 17742892; 6129116 AB - Studies of truck drivers and cardiovascular disease (CVD), myocardial infarction, or ischemic heart disease (IHD) are limited, although studies of other professional drivers reported increased risk. US mortality data from 1979 to 1990 for ages 15-90 were used to calculate proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) for heart disease and lung cancer for short and long haul truck drivers. Analysis was performed for Black (998 short haul and 13,241 long haul) truck drivers and White (4,929 short and 74,315 long haul) truck drivers separately. The highest significantly elevated proportionate heart disease (IHD, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and other forms of heart disease) and lung cancer mortality was found for White and Black male long haul truck drivers age 15-54. Mortality was not significantly elevated for short haul truck drivers of either race or gender, nor for truck drivers who died after age 65, except for lung cancer among White males. An indirect adjustment suggested that smoking could explain the excess IHD mortality, but no direct data for smoking or the other known risk factors for heart disease were available and occupational exposures were not measured. The highest significant excess proportionate mortality for lung cancer, IHD and AMI was found for long haul truck drivers who were under age 55 at death. A cohort or longitudinal study of heart disease among long haul truck drivers, that obtains data for occupational exposures as well as lifestyle risk factors, could help explain inconsistencies between the findings of this and previous studies. Am. J. Ind. Med. 47:113-119, 2005. Published 2005 Wiley- Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Robinson, Cynthia F AU - Burnett, Carol A AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Health- Related Energy Research Branch (HERB), Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, Cincinnati, Ohio, cfr2@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 113 EP - 119 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - truck drivers KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Age KW - Smoking KW - Trucks KW - Lung cancer KW - Mortality KW - males KW - USA KW - Gender KW - Cardiovascular diseases KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17742892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Truck+drivers+and+heart+disease+in+the+United+States%2C+1979-1990&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Cynthia+F%3BBurnett%2C+Carol+A&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20126 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Trucks; Mortality; Lung cancer; Age; males; Smoking; Cardiovascular diseases; Gender DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20126 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid, Specific Detection of Enterobacter sakazakii in Infant Formula Using a Real-Time PCR Assay AN - 17742346; 6120006 AB - Enterobacter sakazakii is a rare cause of invasive infection with high mortality rates in neonates. Powdered milk-based infant formulas have been associated with the E. sakazakii-related outbreaks in premature or other immunocompromised infants. In this study, an assay was developed for the specific detection of E. sakazakii in infant formula using an application of the fluorogenic 5' nuclease assay (TaqMan). A set of primers and probe was designed using the E. sakazakii partial macromolecular synthesis operon: the rpsU gene 3' end and the primase (dnaG) gene 5' end. The specificity of the assay was evaluated using 68 Enterobacter and 55 non-Enterobacter strains. The newly developed assay enables us to detect 100 CFU/ ml in pure culture and in reconstituted infant formula in 50 cycles of PCR without enrichment. The assay was specific enough to discriminate E. sakazakii from all other Enterobacter and non-Enterobacter strains tested. The developed real-time PCR assay could save up to 5 days and eliminate the need for plating samples on selective or diagnostic agars and for biochemical confirmation steps. The real-time PCR assay could be used to rapidly screen infant formula samples for E. sakazakii and would be a boon to food industries and regulatory agencies. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Seo, KH AU - Brackett, R E AD - Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Plant and Dairy, Foods, and Beverages, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 59 EP - 63 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Pure culture KW - Mortality KW - Infant formulas KW - Food industry KW - Assays KW - Enterobacter sakazakii KW - Colony-forming cells KW - primase KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Operons KW - Enrichment KW - A 01017:Human foods KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - J 02704:Enumeration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17742346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Rapid%2C+Specific+Detection+of+Enterobacter+sakazakii+in+Infant+Formula+Using+a+Real-Time+PCR+Assay&rft.au=Seo%2C+KH%3BBrackett%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Seo&rft.aufirst=KH&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Enterobacter sakazakii; Infant formulas; Polymerase chain reaction; Enrichment; Assays; Pure culture; Mortality; Colony-forming cells; Operons; primase; Food industry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reducing Enclosed Cab Drill Operator's Respirable Dust Exposure with Effective Filtration and Pressurization Techniques AN - 17719471; 6134077 AB - Many different types of surface mining equipment use enclosed cabs to protect equipment operators from health and safety hazards. The overburden removal and mining process can be extremely dusty and can cause excessive dust exposure. To study this issue, a cooperative research effort was established between the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Silica Co., Clean Air Filter Co., and Red Dot Corp. in an effort to lower respirable dust levels in an enclosed cab on an older surface drill at a silica sand operation. Throughout this research effort, a number of modifications were incorporated into the drill's filtration and pressurization system, as well as in other areas, to improve its design and performance. An average cab efficiency of 93.4% was determined with gravimetric sampling instruments when comparing the outside with the inside cab dust levels on the final design. Although this study considered just one operation, the goal was to identify cost-effective improvements that could be implemented on all types of enclosed cabs to lower respirable dust concentrations. Two critical components for an effective enclosed cab system are having a properly designed, installed, and maintained filtration and pressurization system, along with a method for maintaining structural cab integrity, which allows the cab to be positively pressurized. Another important component is maintaining cab cleanliness. Although this research was originally directed toward the mining industry, it is also applicable to agricultural or construction equipment. JF - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene AU - Cecala, AB AU - Organiscak, JA AU - Zimmer, JA AU - Heitbrink, WA AU - Moyer, E S AU - Schmitz, M AU - Ahrenholtz, E AU - Coppock, C C AU - Andrews, E H AD - NIOSH, P.O. Box 18070, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA, aic1@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 54 EP - 63 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Respiration KW - Dust KW - Economics KW - Occupational exposure KW - Sampling instruments KW - Filtration KW - Mining KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17719471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Reducing+Enclosed+Cab+Drill+Operator%27s+Respirable+Dust+Exposure+with+Effective+Filtration+and+Pressurization+Techniques&rft.au=Cecala%2C+AB%3BOrganiscak%2C+JA%3BZimmer%2C+JA%3BHeitbrink%2C+WA%3BMoyer%2C+E+S%3BSchmitz%2C+M%3BAhrenholtz%2C+E%3BCoppock%2C+C+C%3BAndrews%2C+E+H&rft.aulast=Cecala&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15459620590903444 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dust; Mining; Filtration; Occupational exposure; Sampling instruments; Economics; Respiration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620590903444 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sampling Results of the Improved SKC Diesel Particulate Matter Cassette AN - 17719137; 6134074 AB - Diesel particulate matter (DPM) samples from underground metal/nonmetal mines are collected on quartz fiber filters and measured for carbon content using National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Method 5040. If size-selective samplers are not used to collect DPM in the presence of carbonaceous ore dust, both the ore dust and DPM will collect on the quartz filters, causing the carbon attributed to DPM to be artificially high. Because the DPM particle size is much smaller than that of mechanically generated mine dust aerosols, it can be separated from the larger mine dust aerosol by a single-stage impactor. The SKC DPM cassette is a single-stage impactor designed to collect only DPM aerosols in the presence of carbonaceous mine ore aerosols, which are commonly found in underground nonmetal mines. However, there is limited data on how efficiently the SKC DPM cassette can collect DPM in the presence of ore dust. In this study we investigated the ability of the SKC DPM cassette to collect DPM while segregating ore dust from the sample. We found that the SKC DPM cassette accurately collected DPM. In the presence of carbon-based ore aerosols having an average concentration of 8 mg/m super(3), no ore dust was detected on SKC DPM cassette filters. We did discover a problem: the surface areas of the DPM deposits on SKC DPM cassettes, manufactured prior to August 2002 were inconsistent. To correct this problem, SKC modified the cassette. The new cassette produced, with 99% confidence, a range of DPM deposit areas between 8.05 and 8.28 cm super(2), a difference of less than 3%. JF - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene AU - Noll, J D AU - Timko, R J AU - McWilliams, L AU - Hall, P AU - Haney, R AD - Pittsburgh Research Center, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA, jin1@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 29 EP - 37 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1545-9624, 1545-9624 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Combustion products KW - Particulates KW - Dust KW - Occupational exposure KW - Particle size KW - Aerosols KW - Filters KW - Mining KW - Diesel engines KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17719137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Sampling+Results+of+the+Improved+SKC+Diesel+Particulate+Matter+Cassette&rft.au=Noll%2C+J+D%3BTimko%2C+R+J%3BMcWilliams%2C+L%3BHall%2C+P%3BHaney%2C+R&rft.aulast=Noll&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.issn=15459624&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15459620590900320 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dust; Aerosols; Mining; Filters; Particulates; Diesel engines; Combustion products; Particle size; Occupational exposure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620590900320 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in gene expression profiles and the DNA-damage response in ionizing radiation-exposed TK6 cells AN - 17651031; 6538251 AB - Identifying genes that are differentially expressed in response to DNA damage may help elucidate markers for genetic damage and provide insight into the cellular responses to specific genotoxic agents. We utilized cDNA microarrays to develop gene expression profiles for ionizing radiation-exposed human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells. In order to relate changes in the expression profiles to biological responses, the effects of ionizing radiation on cell viability, cloning efficiency, and micronucleus formation were measured. TK6 cells were exposed to 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 20 Gy ionizing radiation and cultured for 4 or 24 hr. A significant (P 1.5-fold) or downregulated (< 0.67-fold) at 4 hr were those primarily involved in the cessation of the cell cycle, cellular detoxification pathways, DNA repair, and apoptosis. At 24 hr, glutathione-associated genes were induced in addition to genes involved in apoptosis. Genes involved in cell cycle progression and mitosis were downregulated at 24 hr. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to confirm the microarray results and to evaluate expression levels of selected genes at the low doses (0.5 and 1.0 Gy). The expression profiles reflect the cellular and molecular responses to ionizing radiation related to the recognition of DNA damage, a halt in progression through the cell cycle, activation of DNA-repair pathways, and the promotion of apoptosis. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Akerman, G S AU - Rosenzweig, BA AU - Domon, O E AU - Tsai, C-A AU - Bishop, ME AU - McGarrity, L J AU - MacGregor, J T AU - Sistare, F D AU - Chen, J J AU - Morris, S M AD - HFT-120/DGRT/NCTR, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, smorris@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 188 EP - 205 VL - 45 IS - 2-3 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17651031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+gene+expression+profiles+and+the+DNA-damage+response+in+ionizing+radiation-exposed+TK6+cells&rft.au=Akerman%2C+G+S%3BRosenzweig%2C+BA%3BDomon%2C+O+E%3BTsai%2C+C-A%3BBishop%2C+ME%3BMcGarrity%2C+L+J%3BMacGregor%2C+J+T%3BSistare%2C+F+D%3BChen%2C+J+J%3BMorris%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Akerman&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fem.20091 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.20091 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing uncertainty in health risk assessment AN - 17588326; 6474281 AB - The process of risk (safety) assessment used to determine negligible-risk levels of human exposure to toxicants is subject to a number of sources of uncertainty. In addition to the common uncertainties related to high-to- low-dose extrapolation, interspecies extrapolation and intraspecies extrapolation, there can be uncertainty associated with extrapolation to alternative routes and durations of exposure. Sampling variation is an important source of uncertainty. It is essential that the various sources of uncertainty be taken into account in the risk and exposure extrapolations, but the total uncertainty should be managed in such a way as to avoid setting overly conservative safe exposures. This article discusses a unifying benchmark-dose approach to risk assessment for carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health effects, and describes a formal quantitative procedure for managing uncertainty that is less conservative than the common practice of reducing a point of departure on a dose- response curve by a product of uncertainty factors to achieve a safe level of exposure. JF - International Journal of Risk Assessment & Management AU - Kodell, R L AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, rkodell@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 193 EP - 205 VL - 5 IS - 2-4 SN - 1466-8297, 1466-8297 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Toxicants KW - Uncertainty KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Dose-response effects KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17588326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Risk+Assessment+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Managing+uncertainty+in+health+risk+assessment&rft.au=Kodell%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Kodell&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Risk+Assessment+%26+Management&rft.issn=14668297&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dose-response effects; Carcinogenicity; Toxicants; Uncertainty ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality of iron and steel workers in Korea AN - 17551751; 6432685 AB - The mortality experience of iron and steel workers from modern plants in developing countries has not been extensively described. Mortality at two Korean iron and steel manufacturing complexes was analyzed using Poisson regression methods with both direct and indirect standardization. Work histories were linked with a national mortality registry. Workers (44,974) hired beginning in 1968 were followed from 1992 to 2001. The 806 deaths observed during 10 years of follow-up comprised 2% of the population at risk and represented a large healthy worker effect (HWE) for all causes (SMR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.55-0.63) and for cancer (SMR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.70-0.90). Mortality at subsidiaries was considerably higher than at the parent plants (SRR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.47-1.99). Relative mortality rates declined with employment duration: > 20 years had significantly reduced mortality (SRR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.43-0.82) compared to duration < 1 year (test for trend: P = 0.0006). Fatal injury deaths in the first year were highly elevated (SMR = 3.10, 95% CI = 2.17-4.26) declining to less than that expected after 5 years. Cancer mortality was elevated in stainless steel production (SRR = 3.26, 95% CI = 1.37-6.49) and overall mortality was elevated for work in plant maintenance departments (SRR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.00- 1.37), particularly for fatal injuries (SRR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.29-2.14). All- cause mortality increased with employment duration in the steel-production departments, as did fatal injuries in material handling/construction. This steelworker cohort exhibits excess mortality in some process areas. More detailed retrospective exposure assessment and future follow-up of this cohort will better define health risks in the modern iron and steel manufacturing. Am. J. Ind. Med. 48:194-204, 2005. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Park, Robert M AU - Ahn, Yeon-Soon AU - Stayner, Leslie T AU - Kang, Seong-Kyu AU - Jang, Jae-Kil AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, rhp9@cdc.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 194 EP - 204 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 48 IS - 3 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - developing country KW - iron and steel industry KW - retrospective cohort study KW - mortality KW - healthy worker effect KW - stainless steel KW - fatal work injury KW - Risk assessment KW - Manufacturing industry KW - Mortality KW - Injuries KW - Occupational safety KW - Metal industry KW - Cancer KW - Standardization KW - Korea, Rep. KW - Steel KW - Iron KW - Developing countries KW - Occupational exposure KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17551751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Mortality+of+iron+and+steel+workers+in+Korea&rft.au=Park%2C+Robert+M%3BAhn%2C+Yeon-Soon%3BStayner%2C+Leslie+T%3BKang%2C+Seong-Kyu%3BJang%2C+Jae-Kil&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20197 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Standardization; Mortality; Injuries; Steel; Developing countries; Iron; Cancer; stainless steel; Manufacturing industry; Occupational safety; Metal industry; Occupational exposure; Korea, Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20197 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Higher magnitude accumbal phasic firing changes among core neurons exhibiting tonic firing increases during cocaine self-administration AN - 17452568; 6644641 AB - Studies using i.v. cocaine self-administration in rats have documented rapid-phasic changes in the firing rate of nucleus accumbens neurons within seconds of cocaine-reinforced lever presses, as well as changes that occur over the course of the cocaine self-administration experiment, i.e. tonic changes in firing rate. During the self-administration period of the experiment, individual neurons exhibit either a tonic increase, a tonic decrease, or no tonic change in firing rate, relative to the neuron's firing rate during the pre-drug period. We evaluated whether rapid-phasic changes in firing were differentially associated with tonically reduced or tonically elevated firing of nucleus accumbens core and shell neurons in cocaine self-administering rats. Rapid-phasic firing patterns within seconds of the cocaine-reinforced lever press were exhibited predominantly by core neurons that also exhibited tonic increases in firing. Conversely, core neurons that did not exhibit such rapid- phasic firing patterns were more likely to show tonically reduced firing. Moreover, core neurons were more likely than shell neurons to exhibit: 1) tonic increases in firing and 2) rapid-phasic increases in firing preceding the cocaine-reinforced lever press. These differences between accumbens subterritories may be related to their distinct involvement in operant responding; the present findings are consistent with an emerging literature which implicates shell in contextual stimulus-induced responding, and core in processing the instrumental response via its discrete output to classic basal ganglia structures. The distinct tendency of the core to exhibit increased firing, coupled with its dichotomous firing outputs (i.e. tonic decreases without rapid phasic responses or tonic increases with rapid phasic responses), may reflect particular sensitivity of these neurons to excitatory limbic afferent signaling involved in instrumental responding. Enhanced phasic responsivity in the core may be an integral component of the mechanism inherent in normal reward processing which is subverted by chronic drug exposure. JF - Neuroscience AU - Ghitza, U E AU - Prokopenko, V F AU - West, MO AU - Fabbricatore, A T AD - Behavioral Neuroscience, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Research Branches, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA, tonio@rci.rutgers.edu Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1075 EP - 1085 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 137 IS - 3 SN - 0306-4522, 0306-4522 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - addiction KW - electrophysiology KW - reward KW - motivation KW - conditioned KW - ventral striatum KW - Nucleus accumbens KW - Neurons KW - Reinforcement KW - Self-administration KW - Cocaine KW - Drug abuse KW - Firing pattern KW - Basal ganglia KW - Drug self-administration KW - Signal transduction KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17452568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Higher+magnitude+accumbal+phasic+firing+changes+among+core+neurons+exhibiting+tonic+firing+increases+during+cocaine+self-administration&rft.au=Ghitza%2C+U+E%3BProkopenko%2C+V+F%3BWest%2C+MO%3BFabbricatore%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Ghitza&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1075&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience&rft.issn=03064522&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.neuroscience.2005.10.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nucleus accumbens; Neurons; Reinforcement; Self-administration; Drug abuse; Cocaine; Firing pattern; Basal ganglia; Signal transduction; Drug self-administration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.10.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statistical Criteria in fMRI Studies of Multisensory Integration AN - 17434218; 6538887 AB - Inferences drawn from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies are depen-dent on the statistical criteria used to define different brain regions as "active" or "inactive" under the experimental manipulation. In fMRI studies of multisensory integration, additional criteria are used to classify a subset of the active brain regions as "multisensory." Because there is no general agreement in the literature on the optimal criteria for performing this classification, we investigated the effects of seven different multisensory statistical criteria on a single test dataset collected as human subjects performed auditory, visual, and auditory--visual object recognition. Activation maps created using the different criteria differed dramatically. The classification of the superior temporal sulcus (STS) was used as a performance measure, because a large body of converging evidence demonstrates that the STS is important for auditory-visual integration. A commonly proposed criterion, "supra-additivity" or "super-additivity", which requires the multisensory response to be larger than the summed unisensory responses, did not classify STS as multisensory. Alternative criteria, such as requiring the multisensory response to be larger than the maximum or the mean of the unisensory responses, successfully classified STS as multisensory. This practical demonstration strengthens theoretical arguments that the super-additivity is not an appropriate criterion for all studies of multisensory integration. Moreover, the importance of examining evoked fMRI responses, whole brain activation maps, maps from multiple individual subjects, and mixed-effect group maps are discussed in the context of selecting statistical criteria. JF - Neuroinformatics AU - Beauchamp AD - Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 93 EP - 114 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1539-2791, 1539-2791 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Brain mapping KW - Statistics KW - Functional magnetic resonance imaging KW - Brain KW - Pattern recognition KW - superior temporal sulcus KW - Classification KW - Sensory integration KW - Bioinformatics KW - N3 11004:Motor & sensory systems KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17434218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroinformatics&rft.atitle=Statistical+Criteria+in+fMRI+Studies+of+Multisensory+Integration&rft.au=Beauchamp&rft.aulast=Beauchamp&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroinformatics&rft.issn=15392791&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Sensory integration; Statistics; Brain mapping; Classification; Brain; Bioinformatics; superior temporal sulcus; Pattern recognition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human Melanocyte Biology, Toxicology, and Pathology AN - 17429993; 6536200 AB - The human melanocytes of the skin, hair, eyes, inner ears, and covering of the brain provide physiologic functions important in organ development and maintenance. Melanocytes develop from embryonic neural crest progenitors and share certain traits with other neural crest derivatives found in the adrenal medulla and peripheral nervous system. The distinctive metabolic feature of melanocytes is the synthesis of melanin pigments from tyrosine and cysteine precursors involving over 100 gene products. These complex biochemical mechanisms create inherent liabilities for melanocytic cells if intracellular systems necessary for compartmentalization, detoxification, or repair are compromised. Melanocyte disorders may involve pigmentation, sensory functions, autoimmunity, or malignancy. Environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation and chemical exposures, combined with heritable traits, represent the principal hazards associated with melanocyte disorders. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C: Environmental Carcinogenesis and Ecotoxicology Reviews AU - Tolleson, W H AD - National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, wtolleson@nctr.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 105 EP - 161 VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 1059-0501, 1059-0501 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Pigmentation KW - Melanin KW - Melanocytes KW - Hair KW - Adrenal medulla KW - U.V. radiation KW - Reviews KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Peripheral nervous system KW - Embryos KW - Neural stem cells KW - Neural crest KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17429993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.atitle=Human+Melanocyte+Biology%2C+Toxicology%2C+and+Pathology&rft.au=Tolleson%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Tolleson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.issn=10590501&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10590500500234970 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pigmentation; Melanin; U.V. radiation; Reviews; Carcinogenesis; Peripheral nervous system; Embryos; Melanocytes; Hair; Neural stem cells; Neural crest; Adrenal medulla DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10590500500234970 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The perceived onset of dieting and loss of control eating behaviors in overweight children AN - 17367593; 6432775 AB - The current study investigated the self-reported temporal relationships of dieting, binge eating, and overweight in childhood. One hundred five non- treatment-seeking overweight children ages 6-13 years were interviewed with the children's Eating Disorder Examination (ChEDE) and queried regarding dieting, loss of control (LOC) eating, and overweight history. Questionnaires of depressive symptoms, trait anxiety, and parent-reported problems were completed. Sixty percent of the children reported having attempted at least one diet. These children had higher ChEDE scores (global, p < .001), greater body mass index (BMI) and body fat mass (p <= .001), and a trend towards an earlier reported age of overweight onset (p = .06) compared with children who had never dieted. The 29.5% of children who reported LOC eating had significantly higher ChEDE scores (global, p < .001), ineffectiveness, negative self-esteem, and externalizing scores (all ps < .05) compared with those who had never experienced LOC eating. Most children reported becoming overweight before either dieting (79.4%) or experiencing LOC eating (63.6%). Among the 25.7% reporting both dieting and LOC eating, two thirds reported LOC eating before dieting. Participants who reported dieting before overweight had higher negative mood scores (p < .01). Children reporting dieting before LOC eating had higher ChEDE Weight Concern (p < .01) and global (p < .05) scores. For overweight, non- treatment-seeking children, both dieting and LOC eating are common. Dieting precedes the development of LOC eating only one third of the time, but is associated with greater disordered eating cognitions. The relationship between childhood-onset dieting and LOC eating in overweight children requires further investigation to determine the causal pathways for the subsequent development of eating disorders. JF - International Journal of Eating Disorders AU - Tanofsky-Kraff, Marian AU - Faden, Dara AU - Yanovski, Susan Z AU - Wilfley, Denise E AU - Yanovski, Jack A AD - Unit on Growth and Obesity, Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, tanofskm@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 112 EP - 122 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0276-3478, 0276-3478 KW - Physical Education Index KW - middle childhood KW - overweight KW - dieting KW - loss of control KW - binge eating KW - Obesity KW - Age KW - Anxiety KW - Eating disorders KW - Body mass KW - Diet (weight control) KW - Surveys KW - Health (history) KW - Children KW - Cognition KW - Evaluation KW - Moods KW - Trends KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17367593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Eating+Disorders&rft.atitle=The+perceived+onset+of+dieting+and+loss+of+control+eating+behaviors+in+overweight+children&rft.au=Tanofsky-Kraff%2C+Marian%3BFaden%2C+Dara%3BYanovski%2C+Susan+Z%3BWilfley%2C+Denise+E%3BYanovski%2C+Jack+A&rft.aulast=Tanofsky-Kraff&rft.aufirst=Marian&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Eating+Disorders&rft.issn=02763478&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Feat.20158 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Obesity; Age; Anxiety; Eating disorders; Body mass; Diet (weight control); Health (history); Surveys; Children; Cognition; Evaluation; Moods; Trends DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eat.20158 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protection against multiple influenza A subtypes by vaccination with highly conserved nucleoprotein AN - 17244259; 6972857 AB - Influenza epidemic and pandemic strains cannot be predicted with certainty. Current vaccines elicit antibodies effective against specific strains, but new strategies are urgently needed for protection against unexpected strains. DNA vaccines encoding conserved antigens protect animals against diverse subtypes, but their potency needs improvement. We tested DNA prime-recombinant adenoviral boost immunization to nucleoprotein (NP). Strong antibody and T cell responses were induced. Protection against challenge was T cell-dependent and substantially more potent than DNA vaccination alone. Importantly, vaccination protected against lethal challenge with highly pathogenic H5N1 virus. Thus, gene-based vaccination with NP may contribute to protective immunity against diverse influenza viruses through its ability to stimulate cellular immunity. JF - Vaccine AU - Epstein, Suzanne L AU - Kong, Wing-Pui AU - Misplon, Julia A AU - Lo, Chia-Yun AU - Tumpey, Terrence M AU - Xu, Ling AU - Nabel, Gary J AD - Laboratory of Immunology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, epsteins@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 5404 EP - 5410 PB - Butterworth-Heinemann, 313 Washington St. Newton MA 02158 USA VL - 23 IS - 46-47 SN - 0264-410X, 0264-410X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Influenza A KW - Nucleoproteins KW - Influenza KW - pandemics KW - DNA vaccines KW - Influenza A virus KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Epidemics KW - Antibodies KW - Immunity (cell-mediated) KW - Vaccines KW - V 22097:Immunization: Vaccines & vaccination: Human KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - W3 33345:DNA vaccines KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17244259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=Protection+against+multiple+influenza+A+subtypes+by+vaccination+with+highly+conserved+nucleoprotein&rft.au=Epstein%2C+Suzanne+L%3BKong%2C+Wing-Pui%3BMisplon%2C+Julia+A%3BLo%2C+Chia-Yun%3BTumpey%2C+Terrence+M%3BXu%2C+Ling%3BNabel%2C+Gary+J&rft.aulast=Epstein&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=46-47&rft.spage=5404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2005.04.047 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Influenza A virus; Influenza; Antibodies; Nucleoproteins; DNA vaccines; Influenza A; Immunity (cell-mediated); Epidemics; pandemics; Lymphocytes T; Vaccines DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.04.047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prenatal diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure is associated with uterine leiomyoma development AN - 17240512; 6976182 AB - Early life exposure to DES causes uterine leiomyomata in laboratory animals. We examined the relationship between prenatal DES exposure and development of uterine leiomyomata in women. Among randomly selected study participants (819 black women, 504 white women), leiomyoma status was determined by ultrasound screening (70%) or surgical record review (7%). We relied on self-report of prior diagnosis in 13%. Leiomyoma status could not be ascertained for 10% and they were excluded from analyses. Prenatal DES exposure was assessed by interview. All five of the black women who reported DES exposure had leiomyomata. Among white women, 76% who reported prenatal DES exposure had leiomyomata compared with 52% of the unexposed (adjusted odds ratio for whites: 2.4; 95% confidence interval CI: 1.1-5.4). Exposed women tended to have larger tumors. Results were robust to sensitivity analyses. Findings support experimental animal data and indicate a role for prenatal estrogen exposure in the etiology of human uterine leiomyoma. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Baird, Donna Day AU - Newbold, Retha AD - Epidemiology Branch, A3-05, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA, baird@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 81 EP - 84 PB - Elsevier Science Inc., Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - diethylstilbestrol KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Diethylstilbestrol KW - Prenatal exposure KW - Uterine leiomyoma KW - Uterine fibroids KW - Epidemiology KW - Environmental estrogens KW - Endocrine disrupters KW - Uterus KW - Estrogens KW - Etiology KW - Prenatal experience KW - Laboratory testing KW - Laboratory animals KW - Tumors KW - Reviews KW - Females KW - Ultrasound KW - Toxicology KW - Ethnic groups KW - estrogens KW - X 24310:Pharmaceuticals KW - H 14000:Toxicology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17240512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Prenatal+diethylstilbestrol+%28DES%29+exposure+is+associated+with+uterine+leiomyoma+development&rft.au=Baird%2C+Donna+Day%3BNewbold%2C+Retha&rft.aulast=Baird&rft.aufirst=Donna&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.reprotox.2005.01.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Etiology; Estrogens; Uterus; Prenatal experience; Reviews; Laboratory animals; Tumors; Diethylstilbestrol; Ultrasound; Ethnic groups; Laboratory testing; Females; Toxicology; estrogens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.01.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A polyvalent DNA vaccine expressing an ESAT6-Ag85B fusion protein protects mice against a primary infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and boosts BCG-induced protective immunity AN - 17236260; 6969271 AB - In this study, we evaluated the protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine (pE6/85) expressing an ESAT6-Ag85B fusion protein against a primary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice. In short-term studies, vaccination with pE6/85 protected as well as Mycobacterium bovis BCG immunization with similar lung pathology and bacterial burdens detected 28 days after a low dose aerogenic challenge (>1.0 log sub(10) reduction relative to naives). In a survival experiment, the protection induced by pE6/85 immunization was also not significantly different than that elicited by BCG vaccination with the mean-times-to-death (+/-standard error of the mean) being 102 +/- 20, 271 +/- 32 and 299 +/- 14 days for naive, pE6/85 and BCG-vaccinated mice, respectively. Furthermore, boosting with pE6/85 but not BCG or a DNA vaccine cocktail at 1 year after an initial BCG immunization (when BCG-induced protection was declining), augmented protection in the lung at 15 and 18 months to levels detected at 3 months post-BCG vaccination. JF - Vaccine AU - Derrick, Steven C AU - Yang, Amy Li AU - Morris, Sheldon L AD - Laboratory of Mycobacterial Diseases and Cellular Immunology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Building 29, Room 502, CBER/FDA, 29 Lincoln Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, morris@cber.fda.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 780 EP - 788 PB - Butterworth-Heinemann, 313 Washington St. Newton MA 02158 USA VL - 23 IS - 6 SN - 0264-410X, 0264-410X KW - ESAT6 protein KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Tuberculosis KW - BCG KW - Vaccine KW - DNA vaccines KW - Lung KW - Survival KW - Mycobacterium bovis KW - Fusion protein KW - Vaccines KW - Immunity KW - Infection KW - Vaccination KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous KW - J 02350:Immunology KW - W3 33345:DNA vaccines KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17236260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=A+polyvalent+DNA+vaccine+expressing+an+ESAT6-Ag85B+fusion+protein+protects+mice+against+a+primary+infection+with+Mycobacterium+tuberculosis+and+boosts+BCG-induced+protective+immunity&rft.au=Derrick%2C+Steven+C%3BYang%2C+Amy+Li%3BMorris%2C+Sheldon+L&rft.aulast=Derrick&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=780&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2004.07.036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA vaccines; Lung; BCG; Survival; Immunity; Vaccines; Fusion protein; Infection; Vaccination; Mycobacterium bovis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.07.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of Crustacean DNA and Species Identification Using a PCR- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Method AN - 17233795; 6965139 AB - The detection of potentially allergenic proteins, such as those derived from crustaceans, in food products is a major concern for the food processing industry. A PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was designed to detect the presence of crustacean DNA in food products and to determine the species source of the DNA. This PCR assay amplifies an approximately 205-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene in crustacean species, including shrimp, crab, lobster, and crawfish. This reaction will not amplify DNA derived from mammals, such as cow and sheep. After amplification, the PCR product is digested with differential restriction endonucleases to determine the species source of the crustacean DNA. The specificity of this assay was demonstrated using four species of shrimp, three species of crab, and two species of lobster and crawfish. This assay is sensitive enough to detect crustacean DNA in a raw meat mixture containing <0.1% shrimp. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - Brzezinski, Jennifer L AD - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Forensic Chemistry Center, 6751 Steger Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45237, USA Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 1866 EP - 1873 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com] VL - 68 IS - 9 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - American lobster KW - Crabs KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Food processing KW - Screening KW - Marine KW - Food hypersensitivity KW - Decapoda KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - Animal physiology KW - Meat KW - Digestion KW - Population genetics KW - Food technology KW - DNA KW - Proteins KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Seafood KW - Endonuclease KW - Homarus americanus KW - rRNA 16S KW - Marine crustaceans KW - Q1 08626:Food technology KW - N 14810:Methods KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17233795?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Detection+of+Crustacean+DNA+and+Species+Identification+Using+a+PCR-+Restriction+Fragment+Length+Polymorphism+Method&rft.au=Brzezinski%2C+Jennifer+L&rft.aulast=Brzezinski&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1866&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Digestion; Screening; Population genetics; Food technology; Nucleotide sequence; DNA; Polymerase chain reaction; Proteins; Animal physiology; Seafood; Marine crustaceans; Meat; Food processing; Food hypersensitivity; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Endonuclease; rRNA 16S; Decapoda; Homarus americanus; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 4-Aminobiphenyl induces liver DNA adducts in both neonatal and adult mice but induces liver mutations only in neonatal mice AN - 17229861; 6930587 AB - The mechanisms underlying the susceptibility of neonatal mice to genotoxic carcinogens were investigated by analyzing the DNA adducts and mutations induced in the livers of neonatal and adult Big Blue transgenic mice by 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP), a potent human and rodent carcinogen. Neonatal and adult mice were treated with a regimen of 4-ABP known to induce tumors in neonatal mice. Animals were sacrificed 1 day after the last treatment for DNA adduct analysis and 8 weeks after the last treatment for analysis of lacI and cII mutant frequency (MF). N-(Deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-4-ABP was the major DNA adduct identified in the livers of the 4-ABP-treated mice and levels of this adduct were significantly higher in treated animals than in the controls for both the neonates and adults. Adduct levels for adult females (44.0 +/- 4.8 adducts/10 super(6) nucleotides) were higher than in neonatal females (25.9 +/- 2.2 adducts/10 super(6) nucleotides), while adduct levels in adult males (13.5 +/- 2.0 adducts/10 super(6) nucleotides) were lower than in neonatal males (33.8 +/- 4.1 adducts/10 super(6) nucleotides). 4-ABP treatment significantly increased the liver cII MFs in both sexes of neonatal mice but not in adult mice. Sequence analysis of cII mutant DNA revealed that 4-ABP induced a unique spectrum of mutations in neonatal mice, characterized by a high frequency of G:C[rarr]T:A transversion, while the mutation spectrum in 4-ABP-treated adults was similar to that of control mice. Our results indicate that DNA adduct formation by 4-ABP depends as much on sex as it does on age, whereas the conversion of DNA adducts into mutations differed with animal age. These observations suggest that neonates are more sensitive than adults to genotoxic carcinogens because the relatively high levels of cell division in the developing animal facilitate the conversion of DNA damage into mutation. Supplementary material for this article can be found on the International Journal of Cancer website at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0020-7136/suppmat/index.h tml 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - International Journal of Cancer AU - Chen, Tao AU - Mittelstaedt, Roberta A AU - Beland, Frederick A AU - Heflich, Robert H AU - Moore, Martha M AU - Parsons, Barbara L AD - Division of Genetic and Reproductive Toxicology, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA, tchen@nctr. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 182 EP - 187 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 117 IS - 2 SN - 0020-7136, 0020-7136 KW - 4-Aminobiphenyl KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - genotoxic carcinogen KW - DNA damage KW - Big Blue mice KW - lacI KW - cII KW - DNA adducts KW - Age KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Genotoxicity KW - Mutant frequency KW - Carcinogens KW - Tumors KW - Transgenic mice KW - Cancer KW - Nucleotides KW - Transversion KW - Cell division KW - Liver KW - Neonates KW - Mutation KW - Sex KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17229861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.atitle=4-Aminobiphenyl+induces+liver+DNA+adducts+in+both+neonatal+and+adult+mice+but+induces+liver+mutations+only+in+neonatal+mice&rft.au=Chen%2C+Tao%3BMittelstaedt%2C+Roberta+A%3BBeland%2C+Frederick+A%3BHeflich%2C+Robert+H%3BMoore%2C+Martha+M%3BParsons%2C+Barbara+L&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Tao&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.issn=00207136&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fijc.21173 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA adducts; Age; Nucleotide sequence; Genotoxicity; Mutant frequency; Tumors; Carcinogens; Transgenic mice; Transversion; Nucleotides; Cancer; DNA damage; Cell division; Liver; Neonates; Mutation; Sex DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.21173 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Do Preclinical Testing Strategies Help Predict Human Hepatotoxic Potentials? AN - 17094102; 6726030 AB - Overt hepatotoxicity due to drug administration is a real and present issue in drug development and regulatory circles. Preclinical drug development is intended to identify potential risks and target tissues prior to introduction of new molecular entities into the human population. The standard regimen is testing at various multiples of the intended human therapeutic dose in at least 2 species of animals, one rodent (rats or mice), one non-rodent (dogs, nonhuman primates, minipigs, and rabbits, as examples) for at least two weeks of repeated dosing. Experience has shown that this regimen "works" most of the time. However, preclinical models are not infallible and are not always predictive. Whether the lack of predictivity is due to individual human genetic sensitivities, immunoiogically mediated phenomena, disease mediation or idiosyncratic reactions, the animal models are limited in detecting these characteristics and other low incidence phenomena. While it is uncommon for drug developers to continue development with products that elicit overt hepatic toxicity early in the animal testing, some products have made it through the approval process and then shown significant adverse effects. Some of the drugs (acetaminophen, isoniazid, trovafloxacin, troglitazone, bromfenac, clarithromycin, telithromycin) that have shown this propensity will be discussed in detail from early preclinical development to marketing and, in some instances, to limitations to usage or removal from the U.S. marketplace. JF - Toxicologic Pathology AU - Peters, T S AD - Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland, 20857, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 146 EP - 154 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Animal models KW - Drug development KW - Toxicity KW - Telithromycin KW - hepatotoxicity KW - Clarithromycin KW - Trovafloxacin KW - Liver KW - troglitazone KW - Side effects KW - Acetaminophen KW - Isoniazid KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17094102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.atitle=Do+Preclinical+Testing+Strategies+Help+Predict+Human+Hepatotoxic+Potentials%3F&rft.au=Peters%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01926230590522121 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clarithromycin; Trovafloxacin; Liver; Animal models; Drug development; troglitazone; Toxicity; hepatotoxicity; Acetaminophen; Side effects; Telithromycin; Isoniazid DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01926230590522121 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NAT2 slow acetylation and bladder cancer in workers exposed to benzidine AN - 17092476; 6723591 AB - This study expands a previous study of NAT2 polymorphisms and bladder cancer in male subjects occupationally exposed only to benzidine. The combined analysis of 68 cases and 107 controls from a cohort of production workers in China exposed to benzidine included 30 new cases and 67 controls not previously studied. NAT2 enzymatic activity phenotype was characterized by measuring urinary caffeine metabolite ratios. PCR-based methods identified genotypes for NAT2, NAT1 and GSTM1. NAT2 phenotype and genotype data were consistent. A protective association was observed for the slow NAT2 genotype (bladder cancer OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.1 = 1.0) after adjustment for cumulative benzidine exposure and lifetime smoking. Individuals carrying NAT1wt/*10 and NAT1*10/*10 showed higher relative risks of bladder cancer (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 0.8-10.1 and OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 0.6-8.3, respectively). No association was found between GSTM1 null and bladder cancer. A metaanalysis risk estimate of case-control studies of NAT2 acetylation and bladder cancer in Asian populations without occupational arylamine exposures showed an increased risk for slow acetylators. The lower limit of the confidence interval (OR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.0- 2.0) approximated the upper confidence interval for the estimate obtained in our analysis. These results support the earlier finding of a protective association between slow acetylation and bladder cancer in benzidine-exposed workers, in contrast to its established link as a risk factor for bladder cancer in people exposed to 2-naphthylamine and 4-aminobiphenyl. Study findings suggest the existence of key differences in the metabolism of mono- and diarylamines. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - International Journal of Cancer AU - Carreon, Tania AU - Ruder, Avima M AU - Schulte, Paul A AU - Hayes, Richard B AU - Rothman, Nathaniel AU - Waters, Martha AU - Grant, Delores J AU - Boissy, Robert AU - Bell, Douglas A AU - Kadlubar, Fred F AU - Hemstreet III, George P AU - Yin, Songnian AU - LeMasters, Grace K AD - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA, carreota@ucmail.uc.edu Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 161 EP - 168 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 118 IS - 1 SN - 0020-7136, 0020-7136 KW - benzidine KW - urinary bladder KW - Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - bladder cancer KW - arylamine N-acetyltransferase KW - glutathione S-transferase KW - case-control study KW - Risk assessment KW - Urinary bladder KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Metabolites KW - Cancer KW - Smoking KW - Acetylation KW - GSTM1 protein KW - Risk factors KW - Caffeine KW - Enzymatic activity KW - Metabolism KW - Occupational exposure KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - X 24154:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17092476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.atitle=NAT2+slow+acetylation+and+bladder+cancer+in+workers+exposed+to+benzidine&rft.au=Carreon%2C+Tania%3BRuder%2C+Avima+M%3BSchulte%2C+Paul+A%3BHayes%2C+Richard+B%3BRothman%2C+Nathaniel%3BWaters%2C+Martha%3BGrant%2C+Delores+J%3BBoissy%2C+Robert%3BBell%2C+Douglas+A%3BKadlubar%2C+Fred+F%3BHemstreet+III%2C+George+P%3BYin%2C+Songnian%3BLeMasters%2C+Grace+K&rft.aulast=Carreon&rft.aufirst=Tania&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.issn=00207136&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fijc.21308 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Urinary bladder; Gene polymorphism; Metabolites; Cancer; Acetylation; Smoking; GSTM1 protein; Risk factors; Caffeine; Enzymatic activity; Occupational exposure; Metabolism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.21308 ER -