TY - JOUR
T1 - The Failure of the Bona Fide Occupational Qualification in Cross-Gender Prison Guard Cases: A Problem beyond Equal Employment Opportunity
AN - 1417525181; 201335167
AB - Knowing the theory of gender that a court is using to understand and assess the issues in a case is vital to ensuring that women are afforded their full rights under the law. Unfortunately, courts often do not explicitly state what understanding of gender is informing their decisions. An exception is found in employment law: specifically, the bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) exception to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, which allows employers to engage in sex-based discrimination in those instances in which the sex of the employee is a reasonably necessary qualification for the job. In these cases, because the court must analyze how "manness" or "womanness" impacts one's qualification to hold certain kinds of employment, the court must articulate its understanding of gender. This paper examines two BFOQ cases in the cross-gender prison guard context, those cases in which an individual of one sex seeks to guard inmates of the opposite sex. In these cases the courts created a theory of gender that posits men and women as different in kind. The theory developed in this line of cases is an attack on Title VII protections and a potential barrier to women's equality under the law. Adapted from the source document.
JF - Hypatia
AU - Monahan, Camille
AD - Milwaukee Area Office of the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission since 2009 camille.monahan@gmail.com
Y1 - 2013/01//
PY - 2013
DA - January 2013
SP - 101
EP - 121
PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK
VL - 28
IS - 1
SN - 0887-5367, 0887-5367
KW - Occupational Qualifications
KW - Labor Policy
KW - Courts
KW - Law
KW - Females
KW - Employment
KW - Prisoners
KW - Sexism
KW - Sex
KW - article
KW - 2959: feminist/gender studies; feminist studies
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hypatia&rft.atitle=The+Failure+of+the+Bona+Fide+Occupational+Qualification+in+Cross-Gender+Prison+Guard+Cases%3A+A+Problem+beyond+Equal+Employment+Opportunity&rft.au=Monahan%2C+Camille&rft.aulast=Monahan&rft.aufirst=Camille&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hypatia&rft.issn=08875367&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - Sociological Abstracts
N1 - Date revised - 2013-08-01
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1 - CODEN - HYPAEK
N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Courts; Sex; Law; Prisoners; Employment; Females; Occupational Qualifications; Sexism; Labor Policy
ER -
TY - JOUR
T1 - In The World Of Social Media, When Does "Private" Mean Private? A Critique Of Germany's Proposed Amendments To Its Federal Data Protection Act
AN - 1373466434; 2011-425421
AB - With users sharing so much personal information online, a new question arises: what reasonable expectation of privacy should individual users have regarding this information? More specifically, when should individuals expect that their information is protected from view by their potential employers during the job application process? On August 25, 2010, Germany's Federal Cabinet approved a draft law (Draft Law) amending its Federal Data Protection Act, or Bundesdatenschutzgesetz (BDSG). The Draft Law would expand the BDSG's regulation of workplace data privacy in order the balance the value of information to employers with the value of personal data to employees. This Note will argue that the most effective form of data privacy protection is to encourage individual discretion when posting information online. Adapted from the source document.
JF - The George Washington International Law Review
AU - Locklear, Lauren
AD - Clerk for the Administrative Judges, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Baltimore Field Office
Y1 - 2012///0,
PY - 2012
DA - 0, 2012
SP - 749
EP - 776
PB - George Washington University Law School, Washington, DC
VL - 44
IS - 4
SN - 1534-9977, 1534-9977
KW - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence
KW - Human rights - Civil and political rights
KW - Business and service sector - Business operations, practices, and workplaces
KW - Science and technology policy - Computer science and information technology
KW - Labor conditions and policy - Work and labor
KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development
KW - Social conditions and policy - Communication
KW - Communication
KW - Employees
KW - Privacy
KW - Information technology
KW - Law
KW - Regulation
KW - Workplaces
KW - Germany
KW - article
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1373466434?accountid=14244
L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+George+Washington+International+Law+Review&rft.atitle=In+The+World+Of+Social+Media%2C+When+Does+%22Private%22+Mean+Private%3F+A+Critique+Of+Germany%27s+Proposed+Amendments+To+Its+Federal+Data+Protection+Act&rft.au=Locklear%2C+Lauren&rft.aulast=Locklear&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=749&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+George+Washington+International+Law+Review&rft.issn=15349977&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - PAIS Index
N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Law; Privacy; Germany; Workplaces; Information technology; Employees; Regulation; Communication
ER -
TY - JOUR
T1 - Political Economy of Work
AN - 914765794; 201201302
JF - Review of Radical Political Economics
AU - LaJeunesse, Robert M
AU - LaJeunesse, Robert M
Y1 - 2011/09//
PY - 2011
DA - September 2011
SP - 399
EP - 402
PB - Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks CA
VL - 43
IS - 3
SN - 0486-6134, 0486-6134
KW - article
KW - 9141: political economy; political economy
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/914765794?accountid=14244
L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Review+of+Radical+Political+Economics&rft.atitle=Political+Economy+of+Work&rft.au=LaJeunesse%2C+Robert+M%3BSpencer%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=LaJeunesse&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2011-09-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Review+of+Radical+Political+Economics&rft.issn=04866134&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0486613410395908
LA - English
DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01
N1 - SuppNotes - Edition date: 2009.
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1 - CODEN - RRPEEP
DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0486613410395908
ER -
TY - CPAPER
T1 - Age Discrimination and the EEOC
T2 - 234th National Meeting and Exposition of the American Chemical Society
AN - 39453047; 4635347
JF - 234th National Meeting and Exposition of the American Chemical Society
AU - Nidus, Benjamin
Y1 - 2007/08/19/
PY - 2007
DA - 2007 Aug 19
KW - Discrimination
KW - Age
KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39453047?accountid=14244
L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=234th+National+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Age+Discrimination+and+the+EEOC&rft.au=Nidus%2C+Benjamin&rft.aulast=Nidus&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2007-08-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=234th+National+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2 - http://oasys2.confex.com/acs/234nm/techprogram/
LA - English
DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1 - Date revised - 2007-12-18
N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER -
TY - BOOK
T1 - Diversity in law firms
AN - 59859796; 2003-1209850
AB - Examines employment status of women and minorities at law firms characterized as medium to large in size, and changes in their employment as attorneys since 1975; US.
JF - United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2003.
Y1 - 2003///0,
PY - 2003
DA - 0, 2003
PB - United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
KW - Discrimination in employment -- United States
KW - United States -- Service sector
KW - Diversity in the workplace -- United States
KW - Lawyers -- United States
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59859796?accountid=14244
L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Diversity+in+law+firms&rft.title=Diversity+in+law+firms&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
L2 - http://www.eeoc.gov/stats/reports/diversitylaw/index.html
LA - English
DB - PAIS Index
N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1 - Availability - U S Equal Employment Opportunity Comm
N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), chart(s), il(s), link(s), table(s)
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER -
TY - CPAPER
T1 - Ethical considerations in shaping public policy for enforcement of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)
AN - 40705545; 0823788
AU - Huessy, P
Y1 - 2000/12/31/
PY - 2000
DA - 2000 Dec 31
KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index
KW - U 3500:CLINICAL MEDICINE
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40705545?accountid=14244
L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Ethical+considerations+in+shaping+public+policy+for+enforcement+of+the+Age+Discrimination+in+Employment+Act+%28ADEA%29&rft.au=Huessy%2C+P&rft.aulast=Huessy&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Abstracts in: "The Gerontologist", Oct. 1984, Gerontological Society of America, 1411 K St., NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20005, USA, ISSN 0016-9013
N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03
ER -
TY - BOOK
T1 - The story of the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission: ensuring the promise of opportunity for 35 years; 1965-2000
AN - 59839278; 2002-0110240
AB - Chronicles the history of the EEOC, a government agency charged with enforcing the principal federal statutes that prohibit employment discrimination. With essays contributed by members of the American Bar Association (ABA).
JF - United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2000. ii+83 pp.
Y1 - 2000///0,
PY - 2000
DA - 0, 2000
EP - ii+83
PB - United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
KW - Discrimination in employment -- United States
KW - United States -- Equal employment opportunity commission
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59839278?accountid=14244
L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1980-02-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=7514&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - PAIS Index
N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1 - Availability - U S Equal Employment Opportunity Comm pa
N1 - Document feature - il(s)
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER -
TY - JOUR
T1 - Genetic Discrimination in the Workplace
AN - 1761729514; 199903940
AB - With the prospect of identifying genetic risk factors for different diseases & disabilities, it becomes possible for employers to make hiring & firing decisions on the basis of genetic information. Worry over this possibility is so great that most workers refuse to take genetic tests. Although no statistical evidence yet exists on the incidence of genetic discrimination, there is anecdotal evidence that it occurs. To protect against this form of discrimination, it is necessary to expand current federal laws, eg, the Americans Disabilities Act & the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Several court cases at the federal & state levels are briefly considered to demonstrate how extant laws may be employed in this area. However, the gaps in these laws must be bridged with legislation directed at genetic disaffirmation. D. Ryfe
JF - The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics
AU - Miller, Paul Steven
AD - US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Washington DC
Y1 - 1998/10//
PY - 1998
DA - October 1998
SP - 189
EP - 197
VL - 26
IS - 3
SN - 0277-8459, 0277-8459
KW - Genetic Testing
KW - Genetics
KW - Employment Discrimination
KW - Law
KW - Legislation
KW - Legal Cases
KW - article
KW - 7211: health policy
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761729514?accountid=14244
L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Law%2C+Medicine+%26+Ethics&rft.atitle=Genetic+Discrimination+in+the+Workplace&rft.au=Miller%2C+Paul+Steven&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Law%2C+Medicine+%26+Ethics&rft.issn=02778459&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - Social Services Abstracts
N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genetics; Law; Legal Cases; Legislation; Genetic Testing; Employment Discrimination
ER -
TY - JOUR
T1 - Genetic information in the workplace
AN - 839124939; 1709490
JF - Labor law journal
Y1 - 1998/02//
PY - 1998
DA - Feb 1998
SP - 867
EP - 876
VL - 49
IS - 2
SN - 0023-6586, 0023-6586
KW - Sociology
KW - Political Science
KW - Genetics
KW - Labour policy
KW - Discrimination
KW - Labour law
KW - U.S.A.
KW - Biotechnology
KW - Work place
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839124939?accountid=14244
L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Labor+law+journal&rft.atitle=Genetic+information+in+the+workplace&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Labor+law+journal&rft.issn=00236586&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7154 7253; 5460 1615 8573 11325; 13673 4214; 1626 12622; 3612 3549 2688 2449 10404; 7170 7584 3977 5574 10472 11888; 433 293 14
ER -
TY - JOUR
T1 - Approaches to Gender and the Law: Research and Applications
AN - 61524390; 9905305
AB - Three paradigms for research on gender & law are reviewed & illustrated with examples from employment discrimination law. An agenda for research on gender, social science, & the law is outlined, & the articles in this special journal issue are reviewed in terms of it. Research ideas for the future & practical applications of the research presented herein are considered, specifically, the use of the "reasonable woman" standard & expert testimony in sexual harassment cases, & the influence of sex roles & sex stereotypes in producing gender effects. 54 References. Adapted from the source document.
JF - Law and Human Behavior
AU - Goodman-Delahunty, Jane
AD - Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2407 Calle Madiera San Clemente CA 92672 janegedel@aol.com
Y1 - 1998/02//
PY - 1998
DA - February 1998
SP - 129
EP - 143
VL - 22
IS - 1
SN - 0147-7307, 0147-7307
KW - Female Offenders
KW - Sex Differences
KW - Criminal Justice Policy
KW - Sex Stereotypes
KW - Legal System
KW - Sexism
KW - article
KW - 2983: feminist/gender studies; sociology of gender & gender relations
KW - 1636: social control; sociology of law
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61524390?accountid=14244
L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Labor+law+journal&rft.atitle=Genetic+information+in+the+workplace&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Labor+law+journal&rft.issn=00236586&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - Sociological Abstracts
N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1 - CODEN - LHBEDM
N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sex Differences; Sexism; Criminal Justice Policy; Legal System; Female Offenders; Sex Stereotypes
ER -
TY - BOOK
T1 - Job patterns for minorities and women in state and local government, 1995
AN - 59763013; 1997-0613710
AB - Participation rates by minority and gender, and salary, type of work, ethnic group, and gender statistics.
JF - United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 1996. xxxiv+271 pp.
Y1 - 1996///0,
PY - 1996
DA - 0, 1996
EP - xxxiv+271
PB - United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
KW - Black government employees -- United States -- Statistics
KW - State government -- United States -- Statistics
KW - Local government -- United States -- Statistics
KW - Women government employees -- United States -- Statistics
KW - United States -- Labor sector
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59763013?accountid=14244
L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xxxiv%2B271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Job+patterns+for+minorities+and+women+in+state+and+local+government%2C+1995&rft.title=Job+patterns+for+minorities+and+women+in+state+and+local+government%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - PAIS Index
N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1 - Availability - U S Equal Employment Opportunity Comm pa
N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Communicating and Interacting with People Who Have Disabilities.
AN - 62747537; ED381958
AB - This manual provides guidelines to offices of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission for effective interaction and communication with people who have disabilities. Each chapter provides suggestions for interacting with people with a specific disability. In addition to general suggestions for fostering courteous interactions, chapters include specific suggestions regarding such aspects as sources of braillers, how to use the federal information relay service, finding interpreters, and how specific diseases are and are not transmitted. The following populations are addressed: (1) people who use wheelchairs; (2) people who are mobility impaired; (3) people who are blind or visually impaired; (4) people who are deaf or hard of hearing; (5) people who are deaf-blind or blind-deaf; (6) people who have speech impairments; (7) people who have epilepsy; (8) people who have mental retardation; (9) people with psychiatric disabilities; (10) people who have cerebral palsy and other conditions which have muscular or neurological limitations; (11) people with learning disabilities; (12) people with Tourette syndrome; and (13) people who have HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)/AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), hepatitis B, or other bloodborne diseases. A list of organizations concerned with each of the disabilities is attached. (DB)
Y1 - 1994/07//
PY - 1994
DA - July 1994
SP - 60
KW - Tourette Syndrome
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Hearing Impairments
KW - Speech Impairments
KW - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
KW - Learning Disabilities
KW - Wheelchairs
KW - Mental Retardation
KW - Deaf Blind
KW - Visual Impairments
KW - Cerebral Palsy
KW - Mental Disorders
KW - Epilepsy
KW - Disabilities
KW - Interpersonal Communication
KW - Physical Disabilities
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62747537?accountid=14244
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - A Technical Assistance Manual on the Employment Provisions (Title 1) of the Americans With Disabilities Act.
AN - 62834598; ED352763
AB - This manual and resource directory aims to help employers, other entities, and persons with disabilities learn about their obligations and rights under the employment provisions of Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The manual provides guidance on the application of legal requirements established in the statute and in regulations of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). The manual's 10 chapters address the following topics: (1) summary of Title I legal requirements; (2) definitions of "an individual with a disability," a "qualified individual with a disability," and "essential" job functions; (3) the obligation to make reasonable accommodation; (4) establishment of qualification standards and selection criteria that do not discriminate; (5) guidance on nondiscrimination in recruitment and selection; (6) requirements applicable to medical examinations and medical inquiries; (7) the obligation to apply ADA nondiscrimination requirements to promotion and advancement opportunities, training, evaluation, and employee benefits such as insurance; (8) requirements related to employment policies regarding drug and alcohol abuse; (9) guidance on ADA requirements as they relate to workers' compensation practices; and (10) enforcement provisions. Appendixes contain the text of Title I and Title V, EEOC regulations, and a form for ADA-related small business tax credit. The resource directory is divided into three parts, covering: federal agency programs that provide information and technical assistance on or related to the ADA and other federal nondiscrimination requirements; information on specific employment-related information and technical assistance available from national nongovernmental organizations; and locations and telephone numbers for regional and state offices of federal programs. (JDD)
Y1 - 1992/01//
PY - 1992
DA - January 1992
SP - 473
PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW - Americans with Disabilities Act 1990
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Community
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Civil Rights
KW - Normalization (Handicapped)
KW - Civil Rights Legislation
KW - Disability Discrimination
KW - Federal Legislation
KW - Disabilities
KW - Federal Regulation
KW - Compliance (Legal)
KW - Technical Assistance
KW - Resources
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62834598?accountid=14244
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - JOUR
T1 - The Curious Case of Affirmative Action for Women
AN - 61273233; 92Z1586
AB - Traditional constitutional analysis entails a lower standard of justification for gender preferences than for racial preferences; thus, affirmative action measures for women may be permitted while those for minorities are invalidated. It is argued here that the opposite should be the case. Because of differences between the relationships among members of a racial group & those among women, certain important justifications for preferences for minorities do not apply to women, including justifications involving redress of past wrongs against some members of a group by compensating other members of the group, & justifications involving the mitigation of poverty by reducing the concentration of economic disadvantage within an economically interrelated group. The implications of the differences between racial & gender groups are explored with regard to employment quotas, set-aside programs, & preferences in the award of broadcast licenses, with attention to the prospect that the courts ultimately will consider these differences in affirmative action cases. AA
JF - Society
AU - Scanlan, James P
AD - Equal Employment Opportunity Commission 1801 L St NW Washington DC 20507-0001
Y1 - 1992/01//
PY - 1992
DA - January 1992
SP - 36
EP - 41
VL - 29
SN - 0147-2011, 0147-2011
KW - affirmative action, women vs minorities
KW - Racism
KW - Ethnic Minorities
KW - Discrimination
KW - Affirmative Action
KW - Womens Rights
KW - Sexism
KW - article
KW - 2462: policy, planning, forecasting; policy sciences
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Guidelines+on+Discrimination+Because+of+Sex.&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1972-03-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - Sociological Abstracts
N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1 - CODEN - SOCYA6
N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Affirmative Action; Discrimination; Racism; Sexism; Womens Rights; Ethnic Minorities
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Americans with Disabilities Act Handbook.
AN - 62829612; ED352762
AB - This handbook's aim is to provide information and assistance on the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 to people with disabilities, businesses, and the affected public. The handbook contains annotated regulations for titles I, II, and III; resources for obtaining additional assistance; and several appendixes of supplementary information. Title I covers equal employment opportunity for individuals with disabilities, Title II addresses nondiscrimination on the basis of disability in state and local government services, and Title III focuses on nondiscrimination on the basis of disability by public accommodations and in commercial facilities. For each title, a summary and background are provided, followed by a rulemaking history, regulatory process matters, outline of the rule, and an annotated rule or regulations. The resource section lists 16 Federal government organizations and 75 nongovernment organizations, with descriptions of their activities and focus areas. Appendixes provide the text of the law, accessibility guidelines, a chart of coverage and effective dates, definitions of terms, legislative history, disability-related tax provisions applicable to businesses, Supreme Court cases and regulations related to Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and a list of acronyms. (JDD)
Y1 - 1991/10//
PY - 1991
DA - October 1991
SP - 686
PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN - 0160358477
KW - Americans with Disabilities Act 1990
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Community
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Public Facilities
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Civil Rights
KW - Normalization (Handicapped)
KW - Civil Rights Legislation
KW - Disability Discrimination
KW - Federal Legislation
KW - Disabilities
KW - Federal Regulation
KW - Technical Assistance
KW - Resources
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62829612?accountid=14244
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Project 2000. Job and Training Opportunities for Minorities and Women.
AN - 63321605; ED270594
AB - This study provides legislators, educators, community organizations, training program specialists, and civil rights groups with data on the position of minorities and women in the work force. Part I considers where the jobs are in terms of designated high growth, high technology, and high loss occupations in the next decade. Chapter One discusses factors influencing employment opportunities in the 1980s. Chapter Two describes the scope of research of Project 2000. Chapter Three highlights Project 2000 data on areas of projected growth with focus on minorities and women. Chapter Four is a national overview of 1980 labor force participation by occupation. Chapter Five analyzes 1980 employment in the five most populous states: California, New York, Texas, Illinois, and Pennsylvania. Each state section includes analyses of minority and female participation in the state's civilian labor force; high growth, high technology, and high loss participation by minorities and women in 1980; and participation of women and minorities in the top five high growth and top three high loss and high tech occupations in 1980. Part II focuses on meeting occupational demands. Chapter Six provides information on training, educational, and other requirements for entry into the Project 2000 high growth and high technology occupations. Descriptions of the 20 high growth and 10 high technology occupations include job responsibilities, salary levels, and sources for additional information. Chapter Seven provides descriptions and addresses of current job training and education programs for employment. Numerous data tables and figures are provided. (YLB)
Y1 - 1986
PY - 1986
DA - 1986
SP - 350
KW - Project 2000
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Policymakers
KW - Practitioners
KW - Community
KW - Technological Advancement
KW - Employment Projections
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Labor Market
KW - Females
KW - Demand Occupations
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/63321605?accountid=14244
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Job Patterns for Minorities & Women in Private Industry, 1981. Equal Employment Opportunity Report. Volume 1.
AN - 63286543; ED264322
AB - As part of its mandate under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission requires periodic reports from public and private employers, unions, and labor organizations, indicating the makeup of their workforce by sex and by race/ethnic categories. This volume contains two tables summarizing data obtained as part of the Employer Information Report for 1981. Table 1 indicates occupational employment in private industry by race/ethnic group and sex, and by industry, for the United States as a whole (excluding Hawaii). Table 2 indicates occupational employment in private industry by race/ethnic group and sex, by state and industry. The data provided come from individual establishment and headquarters' reports for 174,600 reporting units with 34.1 million workers (45 percent of all private, non-farm wokers). The instruction booklet for employers filing data also is included in this volume. (GC)
Y1 - 1984
PY - 1984
DA - 1984
SP - 671
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Ethnic Groups
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - State Surveys
KW - Employees
KW - Labor Force
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - National Surveys
KW - Tables (Data)
KW - Industry
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Job+Patterns+for+Minorities+%26amp%3B+Women+in+Private+Industry%2C+1981.+Equal+Employment+Opportunity+Report.+Volume+1.&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - SuppNotes - For Volume 2, see UD 024 586.
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Job Patterns for Minorities & Women in Private Industry, 1981. Equal Employment Opportunity Report. Volume 2.
AN - 63285848; ED264323
AB - As part of its mandate under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission requires periodic reports from public and private employees, unions, and labor organizations, indicating the makeup of their workforce by sex and by race-ethnic categories. This volume contains two tables summarizing data obtained as part of the Employer Information Report of 1981. Table 1 indicates occupational employment in private industry by race/ethnic group and sex and by industry, for Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs) with populations of one million or more. Table 2 indicates occupational employment in private industry by race/ethnic group and sex for SMSAs with populations of less than one million. The data came from individual establishment and headquarters' reports for 174,600 reporting units with 34.1 million workers (45 percent of all private, non-farm workers). The instruction booklet for employers filing data also is included in this volume. (GC)
Y1 - 1984
PY - 1984
DA - 1984
SP - 584
KW - Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Ethnic Groups
KW - Urban Areas
KW - Males
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Employees
KW - Labor Force
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - National Surveys
KW - Tables (Data)
KW - Industry
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/63285848?accountid=14244
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Minorities and Women in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools. A Statistical Summary. Equal Employment Opportunity Report - 1979.
AN - 63282590; ED267139
AB - This volume contains tables summarizing the data collected on the Elementary Secondary Staff Information Report form for 1979 which concerns the distribution of women and minorities in the public schools. Data are presented by size of school districts and by State. All school districts in the central city of a Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA), as well as those districts with 1800 or more students, or with 100 or more full-time employees, are included. A systematic random sample was taken of the remaining school districts according to enrollment and the desired percent coverage. The data are based on reports from 6,816 school districts which include an estimated total of 3.5 million full-time employees and more than .5 million part-time employees, as well as .3 million new hires. Data are not included for Hawaii and New Jersey. Data were weighted in order to produce estimates of the overall situation since the presented data are sampled. In the appendix, a sample of the form the schools were required to fill out is included. (CG)
Y1 - 1981/09//
PY - 1981
DA - September 1981
SP - 452
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Blacks
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Elementary Secondary Education
KW - Beginning Teachers
KW - American Indians
KW - Public Schools
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Hispanic Americans
KW - Minority Group Teachers
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Teachers
KW - School Personnel
KW - Females
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as Amended. A Report Covering Activities under the Act During the Last Quarter of Fiscal Year 1979 and Fiscal Year 1980.
AN - 63542808; ED210545
AB - The jurisdictional responsibility for administration and enforcement of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended (ADEA), was transferred to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) from the Department of Labor (DOL) in July, 1979. The EEOC reorganized its operating and case-handling procedures, resulting in the processing of new charges without delay (under four months). By the end of Fiscal Year 1980 (FY-80), the case backlog had been reduced by two-thirds--to 35,000 charges; the remedy rate for new charges approached 50 percent; and benefits to individuals exceeded $43 million. Also, more than 125 new systemic cases were initiated pursuant to specific and coordinated selection standards. During FY-80, because of increased interest in ADEA, coupled with EEOC's high visibility in enforcing the Act, the ADEA workload increased dramatically. The individual charge rate increased by about 60 percent, from 5,374 charges filed in FY-79 to 8,779 in FY-80. To resolve the growing workload problem, EEOC requested in its 1981 budget funds for state fair employment practices agencies so they could help process some of the workload. Procedural reforms began by the EEOC should also help to smooth the age discrimination complaint process. (This annual report includes a detailed description of the process of transferring ADEA from the DOL to the EEOC, a description of cases settled and pending, and a summary of state age discrimination in employment laws.) (KC)
Y1 - 1981
PY - 1981
DA - 1981
SP - 52
KW - Age Discrimination in Employment Act Amend 1980
KW - Age Discrimination in Employment Act 1967
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - State Legislation
KW - Personnel Policy
KW - Law Enforcement
KW - Public Policy
KW - Annual Reports
KW - Employment Practices
KW - Public Agencies
KW - Federal Legislation
KW - Age Discrimination
KW - Agency Role
KW - Agency Cooperation
KW - Compliance (Legal)
KW - Middle Aged Adults
KW - Court Litigation
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - JOUR
T1 - Interpretive guidelines on employment discrimination and reproductive hazards.
AN - 75013087; 11664131
JF - Federal register
AU - U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission; U.S. Department of Labor
AD - U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission; U.S. Department of Labor
Y1 - 1980/02/01/
PY - 1980
DA - 1980 Feb 01
SP - 7514
EP - 7517
VL - 45
IS - 23
SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326
KW - Hazardous Substances
KW - 0
KW - Bioethics
KW - Government
KW - Biomedical Research
KW - Humans
KW - Federal Government
KW - Research
KW - Female
KW - Occupational Exposure
KW - Prejudice
KW - Government Regulation
KW - Women
KW - Social Control, Formal
KW - Reproduction
KW - Employment
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LA - English
DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1 - Date completed - 1981-06-01
N1 - Date created - 1981-06-01
N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Minorities and Women in Private Industry. 1978 Report. Vol II.
AN - 63612187; ED198382
AB - This document is the second of two volumes of tables summarizing the data obtained from the Employer Information Reports (EEO-1) for 1978. Figures were obtained from a total of 39,000 employers with 36 million employees. These figures cover about half of all private, non-farm workers, as compared to U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' annual average employment statistics. Volume 2 contains two tables. Table 1 relates occupational employment in private industry by race/ethnic group and sex and by industry for Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSA's) with population of 1,000,000 or more. Table 2 relates occupational employment in private industry by race/ethnic group and sex for SMSA's with populations of less than 1,000,000. An EEO-1 form and instructions are appended. (KC)
Y1 - 1980/02//
PY - 1980
DA - February 1980
SP - 604
PB - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 (Stock No. 052-015-0053-7).
KW - United States
KW - Mining Industries
KW - Private Industry
KW - Pacific Islands
KW - Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Professional Occupations
KW - Blacks
KW - Males
KW - Employment
KW - Laborers
KW - Utilities
KW - American Indians
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Insurance Companies
KW - Transportation
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Finance Occupations
KW - Office Occupations
KW - Hispanic Americans
KW - Manufacturing Industry
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Alaska Natives
KW - Sex
KW - Clerical Occupations
KW - Sales Occupations
KW - Construction Industry
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Race
KW - Labor Force
KW - Service Occupations
KW - Communications
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Technical Occupations
KW - Managerial Occupations
KW - Real Estate
KW - Occupations
KW - Industry
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Minorities and Women in Private Industry. 1978 Report. Vol I.
AN - 63611431; ED198381
AB - This document is the first of two volumes of tables summarizing the data obtained from the Employer Information Reports (EEO-1) for 1978. Figures were obtained from a total of 39,000 employers with 36 million employees. These figures cover about half of all private, non-farm workers, as compared to U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' annual average employment statistics. Volume 1 contains two tables. Table 1 relates occupational employment in private industry by race/ethnic group and sex and by industry in the United States (excluding Hawaii). Table 2 relates occupational employment in private industry by race/ethnic group and sex and by state and industry. An EEO-1 form and instructions are appended. (KC)
Y1 - 1980/02//
PY - 1980
DA - February 1980
SP - 695
PB - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 (Stock No. 052-015-0053-7).
KW - United States
KW - Pacific Islands
KW - Mining Industries
KW - Private Industry
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Professional Occupations
KW - Blacks
KW - Males
KW - Employment
KW - Laborers
KW - Utilities
KW - American Indians
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Insurance Companies
KW - Transportation
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Finance Occupations
KW - Office Occupations
KW - Hispanic Americans
KW - Manufacturing Industry
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Alaska Natives
KW - Sex
KW - Clerical Occupations
KW - Sales Occupations
KW - Construction Industry
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Race
KW - Labor Force
KW - Service Occupations
KW - Communications
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Technical Occupations
KW - Managerial Occupations
KW - Real Estate
KW - Occupations
KW - Industry
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Minorities and Women in Apprenticeship Programs and Referral Unions. Equal Employment Opportunity Report--1978.
AN - 63607475; ED193465
AB - In 1978, there were almost 150,000 apprentices in the United States; 4 percent were women and 19 percent were members of minority groups. At the same time, there were more than two million union members in this country; 11 percent were women and 24 percent were members of minorities, according to the 1978 Equal Employment Opportunities Commission Report on the number of women and minorities in apprenticeship programs. Seven tables of statistical data constitute the report. Tables 1-4 break down the total number and minority group apprentices (total, graduates, dropouts, and applicants) (1) by sex and by trade or craft (for sixty-four trades or crafts); (2) by sex, by industry, trade or craft; (3) by sex, by state; and (4) by sex, by Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA). Tables 5-7 contain data on members of referral unions (local unions with 100 or more members which operate a hiring hall or refer persons to employment). Table 5 shows total and minority group membership by sex, by international union grouping, by international union; Table 6 shows the same data broken out by states; and Table 7, the same data by SMSA. Break-out for minority groups is by black non-hispanic, hispanic, Asian or Pacific Islands, and American Indian/Alaskan native. Appendixes contain instructions and reporting forms used to collect the data: Apprenticeship Information Reports (EEO-2, EEO-2E) submitted by 1,701 joint labor-management committees (JACs) which sponsored 3,973 trade or craft training programs and 924 corporate establishments which sponsored 3,121 programs; and Local Union Report (EEO-3) filled out by 2,688 unions. (KC)
Y1 - 1980/02//
PY - 1980
DA - February 1980
SP - 654
PB - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Unions
KW - Blacks
KW - Males
KW - Graduates
KW - National Surveys
KW - American Indians
KW - Dropouts
KW - Employers
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Apprenticeships
KW - Hispanic Americans
KW - State Surveys
KW - Enrollment
KW - Union Members
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Females
KW - Alaska Natives
KW - Industry
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - SuppNotes - Small type in the appended materials will not reproduce well.
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - BOOK
T1 - Minorities and women in state and local governments: 1978 report
AN - 59154794; 1981-0100420
AB - A statistical summary by type of government.
JF - Survey Branch, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2401 E St., N.W., Washington, DC 20506, February 1980. xii+624+3 pp.
Y1 - 1980/02//
PY - 1980
DA - February 1980
EP - xii+624+3
PB - Survey Branch, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2401 E St., N.W., Washington, DC 20506
KW - Employment -- Minorities -- Statistics
KW - Women government employees -- Statistics
KW - Government employees -- Statistics
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1980-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xii%2B624%2B3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Minorities+and+women+in+state+and+local+governments%3A+1978+report&rft.title=Minorities+and+women+in+state+and+local+governments%3A+1978+report&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - PAIS Index
N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1 - Availability - Survey Branch, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2401 E St., N.W., Washington, DC 20506 pa
N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s)
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER -
TY - JOUR
T1 - The Assaulted Wife: 'Catch 22' Revisited
AN - 60667074; 80K6654
AB - An analysis of the historical origins of attitudes toward wife-beating. In England, the common law right of husbands to punish their wives through the use of force prevailed until the middle of the seventeenth century. Similarly, in the United States, the husband's right to chastise his spouse was affirmed in a decision handed down by the Supreme Court of Miss in 1824. By the end of the nineteenth century, the courts had reversed their previous stance & openly stated their rejection of the right of chastisement. Yet, as police records clearly attest, wife-beating remains prevalent in modern society. A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of Mich's current legal system in furnishing assistance to women physically abused by their husbands. Dependent variables such as current societal & psychoanalytic attitudes, legal perspectives on marriage & victim to deal with the situation, were also reviewed. An analysis was made, not only of Mich statutes & cases, but also of legal, medical & sociological studies relating to wife assault. Twenty victims of assault were interviewed, but due to the limited size of the sample, valid statistical analysis was not possible. The results indicate that victims of domestic violence face a chance that the complaint will be taken seriously. In the event that the police do respond to the call, there is usually no guarantee of subsequent protection. Criminal courts will take the position that wife assault is not a crime, but is a family matter. Civil courts will declare it to be a crime that must be dealt with by the police. To correct these injustices, it is suggested that police personnel be more adequately trained in crisis intervention techniques, that temporary living facilities be provided for victims of violence. More important, early solution of the problem will not result unless wife-beating is universally regarded as a crime. M. Malley.
JF - Women's Rights Law Reporter
AU - Eisenberg, Sue E
AU - Micklow, Patricia L
AD - Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Washington DC 20506
Y1 - 1977/04//
PY - 1977
DA - April 1977
SP - 138
EP - 161
VL - 3
IS - 3-4
SN - 0085-8269, 0085-8269
KW - wife abuse
KW - historical origins/England/US, Michigan's legal system effectiveness/assessment
KW - assault victims
KW - Abuse/Abuses/Abusing/Abusive
KW - United States/US
KW - Wife/Wives
KW - Michigan
KW - England/English (see also Britain, Great Britain, UK)
KW - History/Historic/Historical
KW - article
KW - 1941: the family and socialization; sociology of the family
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Rights+Law+Reporter&rft.atitle=The+Assaulted+Wife%3A+%27Catch+22%27+Revisited&rft.au=Eisenberg%2C+Sue+E%3BMicklow%2C+Patricia+L&rft.aulast=Eisenberg&rft.aufirst=Sue&rft.date=1977-04-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Women%27s+Rights+Law+Reporter&rft.issn=00858269&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - Sociological Abstracts
N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1 - CODEN - WRLRDU
N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - History/Historic/Historical; Wife/Wives; Abuse/Abuses/Abusing/Abusive; United States/US; England/English (see also Britain, Great Britain, UK); Michigan
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Minorities and Women in State and Local Governments. 1974. Volume III--County Governments. Research Report No. 52-3.
AN - 63841610; ED154189
AB - One of six volumes summarizing through narrative and statistical tables data collected by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in its 1974 survey, this third volume details the employment status of minorities and women in county governments across the nation. Reports from 1,491 counties were used to project national employment figures. Statistics in this study are designed to highlight various aspects of the employment status of persons by six mutually exclusive race/ethnic groups and by sex. Included in the survey are eight job categories, fourteen government functions, and salary data. The conclusion was made that the status of minorities and women in county governments in 1974 was far from ideal. Although minorities (with the exception of Spanish Surnamed Americans) and women were fairly well represented in overall county government employment, both groups generally had difficulty accessing the better paying functions and occupations of government. New hire data from the survey indicate very slow progress toward changing employment patterns in county government. Appendixes, which make up the greater part of the document, contain statistical summaries of county government information, instructions for filing and report form, and source and reliability of data. (TA)
AU - Froning, Mary L.
Y1 - 1977
PY - 1977
DA - 1977
SP - 393
KW - United States
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Salaries
KW - Blacks
KW - Socioeconomic Status
KW - Employment Practices
KW - American Indians
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Comparative Analysis
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Underemployment
KW - Statistical Analysis
KW - Statistical Data
KW - Salary Wage Differentials
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Racial Discrimination
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Spanish Americans
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Local Government
KW - Government Employees
KW - Public Service Occupations
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Tables (Data)
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Minorities and Women in State and Local Governments. 1974. Volume IV--Municipal Governments. Research Report No. 52-4.
AN - 63840986; ED154190
AB - One of six volumes summarizing through narrative and statistical tables data collected by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in its 1974 survey, this fourth volume details the employment status of minorities and women in municipal governments. Based on reports filed by 2,230 municipalities, statistics in this study are designed to highlight various aspects of the employment status of persons by six mutually exclusive race/ethnic groups and by sex. Included in the survey are eight job categories, fifteen government functions, and salary data. The conclusion was made that both employee groups were virtually excluded from the high-salaried functions and from the more skilled and responsible jobs; they were concentrated in the lowest salaried functions, in the less skilled low-paying jobs offering little or no chance of advancement; and they were consistently paid less than their white or male counterparts. Appendixes, which make up the greater part of the document, contain statistical summaries of municipal government information, instructions for filing and report form, and source and reliability of data. (TA)
AU - Skinner, Alice W.
Y1 - 1977
PY - 1977
DA - 1977
SP - 396
KW - United States
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Salaries
KW - Blacks
KW - Socioeconomic Status
KW - Employment Practices
KW - American Indians
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Comparative Analysis
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Underemployment
KW - Municipalities
KW - Statistical Analysis
KW - Statistical Data
KW - Salary Wage Differentials
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Racial Discrimination
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Spanish Americans
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Local Government
KW - Government Employees
KW - Public Service Occupations
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Tables (Data)
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Minorities and Women in State and Local Governments. 1974. Volume VI--Special Districts. Research Report No. 52-6.
AN - 63839691; ED154192
AB - One of six volumes summarizing through narrative and statistical tables data collected by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in its 1974 survey, this sixth volume details the employment status of minorities and women in special district governments (excluding school districts), by examining the general governmental activities they performed, the kinds of jobs they held, and the wages they were paid. Special districts are defined as independent local governments (e.g., authorities, commissions, administrations, etc.) created to provide specific community services, such as mass transit systems, sanitation and sewage, energy and soil conservation, health care, and housing. The conclusion was made that minorities and women were both well represented in special district employment. However, women were virtually dependent on hospitals and sanatoriums for employment, while minorities, especially men, were over-concentrated in service/maintenance jobs. Women were virtually excluded from the high salary utilities or transportation district jobs and minorities were substantially underrepresented in the professional and decision-making positions in all functions. Appendixes, which make up the greater part of this document, contain statistical summaries of special district information, instructions for filing and report form, and source and reliability of data. (TA)
AU - Robertson, Winston O.
Y1 - 1977
PY - 1977
DA - 1977
SP - 337
KW - United States
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Salaries
KW - Blacks
KW - Socioeconomic Status
KW - Employment Practices
KW - American Indians
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Comparative Analysis
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Services
KW - Underemployment
KW - Statistical Analysis
KW - Statistical Data
KW - Salary Wage Differentials
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Community Services
KW - Racial Discrimination
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Spanish Americans
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Local Government
KW - Government Employees
KW - Public Service Occupations
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Tables (Data)
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Minorities and Women in State and Local Governments. 1974. Volume II--State Governments. Research Report No. 52-2.
AN - 63839605; ED154188
AB - One of six volumes summarizing through narrative and statistical tables data collected by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in its 1974 survey, this second volume details the employment status of minorities and women in state governments. Statistics in this study are designed to highlight various aspects of the employment status of persons by six mutually exclusive ethnic groups and by sex. Included in the survey are fifteen government functions, eight job categories and salary data. The conclusion was made that minorities and women in state governments are far from achieving representation equal to their overall civilian labor force participation in every occupation surveyed. For women and for all minority groups except Asian Americans, median annual salaries compared very unfavorably with men and whites, respectively. Employment growth rates indicate that state governments would have ample opportunity to change their employment profiles to provide increased job openings for minorities and women. Appendixes, which make up the greater part of the document, contain statistical summaries of state information collected and instructions for filing and report form. (TA)
AU - Froning, Mary L.
Y1 - 1977
PY - 1977
DA - 1977
SP - 405
KW - United States
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Salaries
KW - Blacks
KW - Socioeconomic Status
KW - Employment Practices
KW - American Indians
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Comparative Analysis
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Underemployment
KW - Statistical Analysis
KW - Statistical Data
KW - Salary Wage Differentials
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Racial Discrimination
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Spanish Americans
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Government Employees
KW - Public Service Occupations
KW - State Government
KW - State Surveys
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Tables (Data)
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Minorities and Women in State and Local Governments. 1974. Volume I--U.S. Summary. Research Report No. 52-1.
AN - 63839322; ED154187
AB - One of six volumes summarizing through narrative and statistical tables data collected by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in its 1974 survey, this volume, "United States Summary," details nationwide statistics on the employment status of minorities and women. Data include forty-six state governments and virtually all local governments with 100 or more employees, plus a sample of local governments with fifteen to ninety-nine employees. Statistics in this study are designed to highlight various aspects of the employment status of persons by six mutually exclusive ethnic groups and by sex. Included in the survey are fifteen government functions, eight job categories, and salary data. The conclusion was made that statistics in this report show slight overall increases in the proportions of fulltime minority group and female employees in state and local government work forces since the first survey in 1973; nonetheless, equal employment opportunity had not been realized in 1974. Inequities in occupational distributions and in median annual salaries persisted for minorities and women. Appendixes, which make up the greater part of the document, contain statistical summaries of state and local government information, instructions for filing and report form, and source and reliability of data. (TA)
AU - Reshad, Rosalind S.
Y1 - 1977
PY - 1977
DA - 1977
SP - 431
KW - United States
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Salaries
KW - Blacks
KW - Socioeconomic Status
KW - National Surveys
KW - Employment Practices
KW - American Indians
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Comparative Analysis
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Underemployment
KW - Statistical Analysis
KW - Statistical Data
KW - Salary Wage Differentials
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Racial Discrimination
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Spanish Americans
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Local Government
KW - Government Employees
KW - Public Service Occupations
KW - State Government
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Tables (Data)
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Minorities and Women in State and Local Governments. 1974. Volume V--Township Governments. Research Report No. 52-5.
AN - 63837879; ED154191
AB - One of six volumes summarizing through narrative and statistical tables data collected by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in its 1974 survey, this fifth volume details nationwide statistics on the employment status of minorities and women working in township governments. Data from 299 actual units of government in fourteen states were used to project national employment figures. Statistics in this study are designed to highlight various aspects of the employment status of persons by six mutually exclusive race/ethnic groups and by sex. Included in the survey are eight occupational categories, fourteen government functions, and salary data. The conclusion was made that only negligible numbers of minorities were among those hired in this level of government, and only about one of every four new hires was a woman. Statistics indicated that minorities and women were being hired in functions and occupations where substantial proportions of them already were working, and the few minorities employed were substantially confined to service/maintenance jobs. Inequities in occupational and salary distributions persisted for minorities as compared with whites. Also, women had not reached parity with men in employment in functions, occupations, or salary levels. Appendixes, which make up the greater part of the document, contain statistical summaries of township government information, instructions for filing and report form, and source of reliability of data. (TA)
AU - Reshad, Rosalind S.
Y1 - 1977
PY - 1977
DA - 1977
SP - 370
KW - United States
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Salaries
KW - Blacks
KW - Socioeconomic Status
KW - Employment Practices
KW - American Indians
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Comparative Analysis
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Underemployment
KW - Municipalities
KW - Statistical Analysis
KW - Statistical Data
KW - Salary Wage Differentials
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Racial Discrimination
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Spanish Americans
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Local Government
KW - Government Employees
KW - Public Service Occupations
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Tables (Data)
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Employment Opportunity in the Schools. Job Patterns of Minorities and Women in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1975.
AN - 63830450; ED150322
AB - The national statistics reported here were compiled from the responses of 7,300 school systems to the Elementary-Secondary Staff Information Survey, number EEO-5. (This survey is conducted to fulfill the annual reporting responsibility of public elementary and secondary school systems required by the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972--Title VII.) The data in this report have been aggregated into statistical tables and presented in four summaries of public school employment as follows: (1) United States summary, (2) United States summary by student enrollment size (25,000 or more; 10,000-24,999; 2,500-9,999; and 250-2,499), (3) state summaries, and (4) trend analysis for the United States. For the first three of the above summaries, the information is presented using the following four-table formats: (1) employment by race/ethnic group/sex, (2) race/ethnic group employment by sex, (3) participation rates of full-time elementary secondary staff, and (4) occupational distribution of full-time elementary-secondary staff. For the trend analysis, information is presented using the following table formats: (1) total employment and percent change, (2) participation rates, (3) occupational distributions, and (4) change and contribution to change. Instructions for filing reports and the reporting form along with changes in the race/ethnic designations between 1974 and 1975 are appended. (EM)
Y1 - 1977
PY - 1977
DA - 1977
SP - 254
PB - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Stock Number 052-015-00050-2)
KW - Equal Employment Opportunity Act 1972
KW - United States
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Personnel Selection
KW - Sex (Characteristics)
KW - Elementary Secondary Education
KW - National Surveys
KW - Personnel Integration
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Faculty Integration
KW - Demography
KW - Public Schools
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Federal Legislation
KW - Ethnic Groups
KW - Statistical Data
KW - Affirmative Action
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Females
KW - Tables (Data)
KW - Racial Discrimination
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Women: The Path to Equal Employment. Research Report No. 56.
AN - 63829976; ED147611
AB - A study of female employment in the private sector between 1966 and 1975 was done (1) to measure the progress of women toward fair-share goals in level of employment, job quality, and salary level and (2) to project when employment gaps will close. The data utilized was reported by those employers who are required to and did file Employer Information Reports with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. There were fourteen conclusions, including the following: (1) The continued existence of employment gaps in the observed job categories implies that women workers are still adversely affected by employment discrimination, (2) there was some improvement in the female employment level and a reduction in the overall level of employment gap, (3) women workers were treated differently from white males and were under-utilized in each of the traditionally non-female job categories, (4) the economic impact of employment discrimination increased, (5) the employment gaps for females are not due to any shortages of qualified or qualifiable women, (6) it will be some time in the twenty-first century or longer before all of the employment gaps will close, and (7) the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission has directly impacted on the employment position of women in every job category except officials/managers and craft workers. (Over half of the report consists of the appendixes including 148 tables.) (EM)
AU - Humphrey, Melvin
Y1 - 1977
PY - 1977
DA - 1977
SP - 287
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Employment Projections
KW - Employment Level
KW - Salaries
KW - Government Role
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - National Surveys
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Income
KW - Poverty
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Females
KW - Black Employment
KW - Occupations
KW - Tables (Data)
KW - Racial Discrimination
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - SuppNotes - Not available in hard copy due to marginal legibility of original
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Minorities and Women in Private Industry 1975: An Analysis of EEO-1 Employment. Research Report No. 54.
AN - 63826360; ED145182
AB - Based on the annual reports filed by private employers indicating the sex and racial/ethnic make-up of their employees, employment statistics were gathered by sex for each of nine major occupational categories and for each of four minority groups: Blacks, Hispanics, Asian Americans, and American Indians. In 1975, individual reports were filed for some 150,000 establishments employing 29.9 million persons. These employees included 4.9 million minority group members and 11.1 million women. Blacks were 10.7% of private industry's workers; Hispanics, 4.3%; Asian Americans, 0.9%; and American Indians, 0.3%. Relatively large proportions of the Asian American and Black employees were women. In every one of the white-collar occupations, Blacks and Hispanics were underrepresented. Asian Americans were well-represented in many of the white-collar occupations, particularly as professionals and technicians, but underrepresented in managerial participation, sales positions, and in every blue-collar occupational category. American Indians exceeded their total participation rate in each of the blue-collar and service job categories. Women constituted 37.1% of all private sector employees reported, but were underrepresented in the higher earning white- and blue-collar jobs. Instead they accounted for 80% of the clerical workers and more than one-half of the service employees. (BM)
AU - McMillan, Kathleen A.
Y1 - 1977
PY - 1977
DA - 1977
SP - 59
PB - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Stock No. 052-015-00040-5)
KW - Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Employment Level
KW - Blacks
KW - White Collar Occupations
KW - Spanish Americans
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Labor Force
KW - Blue Collar Occupations
KW - American Indians
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Portuguese Americans
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Mexican Americans
KW - Labor Market
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Racial Discrimination
KW - Private Agencies
KW - Industry
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Black Experiences Versus Black Expectations. (A Case for Fair-Share Employment.) Research Report No. 53.
AN - 63826331; ED145187
AB - Providing an account of black employment in the private sector between 1969 and 1975, the objectives of this study were designed to develop statistical models for estimating the employment gap between black employment experiences and black employment expectations; projecting employment gap closures; estimating the economic impact of employment discrimination upon blacks; explaining the employment patterns of blacks; and comparing the available pool of black labor with the total demand for labor. All data were collected from the Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO-1) Employer Information Reports. The principal findings were the existence of an employment gap in all six job categories included in this study; some improvement in the overall posture of black workers, although limited; continued existence of gaps between the earnings of black and white workers; an increase in the economic impact of employment discrimination; a favorable impact on the changes in black participation rates brought about by the enforcement of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; and more stringent educational requirements for blacks over whites when competing for jobs. The study concluded that if given equal opportunity for employment, there are enough blacks with the educational requirements to close the employment gap; however, even with continued increases in black employment availability and participation rates, it will be the twenty-first century before the employment gaps will close. (Statistical tables are included in the document.) (BM)
AU - Humphrey, Melvin
Y1 - 1977
PY - 1977
DA - 1977
SP - 120
KW - Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
KW - Civil Rights Act 1964 Title VII
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Employment Projections
KW - Mathematical Models
KW - Employment Level
KW - Professional Occupations
KW - Blacks
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Racial Differences
KW - Employment Qualifications
KW - Employment Practices
KW - Labor Supply
KW - Labor Market
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Economic Status
KW - Labor Utilization
KW - Black Employment
KW - Trend Analysis
KW - Racial Discrimination
KW - Private Agencies
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ERIC&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Humphrey%2C+Melvin&rft.aulast=Humphrey&rft.aufirst=Melvin&rft.date=1977-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Black+Experiences+Versus+Black+Expectations.+%28A+Case+for+Fair-Share+Employment.%29+Research+Report+No.+53.&rft.title=Black+Experiences+Versus+Black+Expectations.+%28A+Case+for+Fair-Share+Employment.%29+Research+Report+No.+53.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - BOOK
T1 - Black experiences versus Black expectations: a case for fairshare employment
AN - 38149716; 51774c
JF - Black experiences versus Black expectations: a case for fairshare employment
AU - Humphrey, Melvin
Y1 - 1977
PY - 1977
DA - 1977
EP - i94
PB - Equal employment Opportunity Commission
KW - Economics
KW - economics
KW - Labour
KW - Minorities
KW - Government policy
KW - Employment
KW - U.S.A.
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/International+Bibliography+of+the+Social+Sciences+%28IBSS%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Humphrey%2C+Melvin&rft.aulast=Humphrey&rft.aufirst=Melvin&rft.date=1977-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Black+experiences+versus+Black+expectations%3A+a+case+for+fairshare+employment&rft.title=Black+experiences+versus+Black+expectations%3A+a+case+for+fairshare+employment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1 - SuppNotes - USA
N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Guide to Resources for Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action.
AN - 63904462; ED127722
AB - This publication lists more than 200 publications and other resource materials that may be helpful for developing equal employment and affirmative action programs. Separate sections list and briefly describe publications on equal employment opportunity and affirmative action, data sources for utilization analysis and development of affirmative action goals, and films and audiovisual materials for equal employment opportunity and affirmative action training. Although a majority of the listed publications were produced by various state and federal agencies, many resource materials produced by private organizations are also included. The appendix lists the names and addresses of a variety of state and federal agencies concerned with equal employment opportunity and affirmative action programs. (JG)
Y1 - 1976/03//
PY - 1976
DA - March 1976
SP - 61
PB - U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2401 E Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20506
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Catalogs
KW - Government (Administrative Body)
KW - Directories
KW - Resource Materials
KW - Affirmative Action
KW - Publications
KW - Annotated Bibliographies
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Racial Discrimination
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/63904462?accountid=14244
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - SuppNotes - For a related document, see EA008642
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Employment Opportunity in the Schools; Job Patterns of Minorities and Women in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1974. Research Report No. 51.
AN - 63922686; ED142537
AB - This report summarizes, through narrative and statistical tables, data collected by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) in its 1974 elementary and secondary staff information survey. Statistics from approximately 6,900 school systems responding to the survey were the basis for the national employment estimates in this report. Statistical tables summarize various levels of the data for the nation and for 49 of the 50 states. Because of the different race/ethnic make-up of its population, school systems in the state of Hawaii were surveyed in a unique way, and the results are incompatible with the data in this volume. Also excluded are data for the District of Columbia, which has only one school system; because of Title VII prohibitions against disclosure of information submitted to EEOC for individual employers, that data cannot be shown separately. The statistics in this report are designed to highlight various aspects of the employment status of persons by six mutually exclusive race/ethnic groups and by sex. Eighteen occupational groups allow a comparison of the quality and quantity of jobs held by various groups of employees. (JD)
AU - Froning, Mary L.
Y1 - 1976
PY - 1976
DA - 1976
SP - 221
PB - Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Publications Department, Room 111, 2401 E Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20506 (Free)
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Women Faculty
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Civil Rights
KW - National Surveys
KW - Secondary Schools
KW - Public Schools
KW - Minority Groups
KW - School Personnel
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Statistical Surveys
KW - Elementary Schools
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ERIC&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Froning%2C+Mary+L.&rft.aulast=Froning&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1976-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Employment+Opportunity+in+the+Schools%3B+Job+Patterns+of+Minorities+and+Women+in+Public+Elementary+and+Secondary+Schools%2C+1974.+Research+Report+No.+51.&rft.title=Employment+Opportunity+in+the+Schools%3B+Job+Patterns+of+Minorities+and+Women+in+Public+Elementary+and+Secondary+Schools%2C+1974.+Research+Report+No.+51.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Employment Profiles of Women and Minorities in 23 Metropolitan Areas, 1974. Research Report No. 49.
AN - 63818434; ED142722
AB - This study, which analyzes employment patterns of women and minorities in 23 Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs), is based on reports (required by the EEOC--Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) from private employers (EEO-1 Reports) and State and local governments (EEO-4 Reports). For each SMSA, EEO-1 data are presented for 1970 and 1974 and EEO-4 data for 1974. All profiles analyze the employment status of women, 19 the status of blacks, 11 the status of Hispanics, and 1 the employment status of Asian Americans. (Criteria for selecting the 23 areas included large populations--at least 340,000 persons, significant incidence of one or more minorities, and geographic dispersion.) The 23 SMSA profiles included are for the following cities: Atlanta, Georgia; Baltimore, Maryland; Birmingham, Alabama; Chicago, Illinois; Cincinnati, Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana; Cleveland, Ohio; Detroit, Michigan; El Paso, Texas; Fresno, California; Houston, Texas; Los Angeles-Long Beach, California; Memphis, Tennessee-Arkansas-Mississippi; Miami, Florida; Mobile, Alabama; New Orleans, Louisiana; New York, New York-New Jersey; Newark, New Jersey; Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Portsmouth, Virginia-North Carolina; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania-New Jersey; St. Louis, Missouri-Illinois; San Antonio, Texas; San Jose, California; and Tucson, Arizona. The appendix contains a definition of terms and description of the EEO-1 and EEO-4 surveys. (HD)
AU - Hannan, Joan
Y1 - 1976
PY - 1976
DA - 1976
SP - 351
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Business
KW - Blacks
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Labor Force
KW - Racial Differences
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Local Government
KW - State Government
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Sex Differences
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Research
KW - Females
KW - Metropolitan Areas
KW - Racial Discrimination
KW - Industry
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ERIC&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hannan%2C+Joan&rft.aulast=Hannan&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft.date=1976-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Employment+Profiles+of+Women+and+Minorities+in+23+Metropolitan+Areas%2C+1974.+Research+Report+No.+49.&rft.title=Employment+Profiles+of+Women+and+Minorities+in+23+Metropolitan+Areas%2C+1974.+Research+Report+No.+49.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Employment Profiles of Minorities and Women in the SMSA's of 20 Large Cities, 1971. Research Report No. 43.
AN - 63978505; ED113521
AB - The report reflects the employment status of women and minorities among companies with 100 or more employees in the Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas of: Atlanta; Baltimore; Boston; Chicago; Cleveland; Dallas; Denver; Detroit; Houston; Los Angeles-Long Beach; Memphis, Tennessee-Arkansas; Miami; Newark; New Orleans; New York; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania-New Jersey; St. Louis, Missouri-Illinois; San Francisco-Oakland; Seattle-Everett; and Washington, D.C.-Maryland-Virginia. Detailed employment data were obtained from 1972 EEO-1 Reports filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Participation rates were examined for females, blacks, Spanish surnames Americans, Asian Americans, and American Indians. Although employment of women and minorities has generally increased between 1970 and 1972, the survey showed unbalanced occupational distribution and income for women and minorities. Twice the proportion of minority as Anglo women held positions in the laborer and service worker categories. Differentials between occupational distributions of Anglo and minority women were the greatest in Memphis and New Orleans and for Anglo and minority males in Memphis and Dallas. Blacks realized representation gains in the white collar field and Spanish surnamed Americans in the laborer category. Almost 70 percent of Asians were white collar workers; approximately two-thirds of American Indians were blue collar/service workers. (EA)
Y1 - 1974/07//
PY - 1974
DA - July 1974
SP - 187
PB - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. (Stock No. 5203-00039; $2.25)
KW - Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Blacks
KW - Spanish Americans
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - Asian Americans
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Females
KW - Tables (Data)
KW - American Indians
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/63978505?accountid=14244
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Affirmative Action and Equal Employment. A Guidebook for Employers and Appendices. Volume I and II.
AN - 64049705; ED095810
AB - This guide is to help the employer design and implement programs to ensure fair and equal treatment for all persons, regardless of race, color, religion, sex or national origin, in all employment practices. Certain basic elements of most employment systems repeatedly have proved to result in discrimination, and certain basic steps have been found essential to eliminate discriminatory practices. The legal basis for affirmative action, including federal legislation, definitions of discrimination, equal employment opportunity, and basic steps are presented as a guide to developing an effective affirmative action program (publications, surveys, goals, timetables, recruitment, selection standards and procedures, salary structures, union contracts, training, support services, job related education). Volume II contains the appendices related to the text (sample documents, data sources, recruitment resources, guidelines and regulations, and Equal Employment Opportunity Commission publications). (Author/PG)
AU - Idelson, Evelyn M.
Y1 - 1974/01//
PY - 1974
DA - January 1974
SP - 202
PB - EEOC-Affirmative Action, P.O. Box 1612, Springfield, Virginia 22151 (up to 10 copies free)
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Federal Legislation
KW - Unions
KW - Contracts
KW - Personnel Policy
KW - Recruitment
KW - Affirmative Action
KW - Higher Education
KW - Employer Employee Relationship
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Racial Discrimination
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/64049705?accountid=14244
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - BOOK
T1 - The impact of corporate suburban relocations on minority employment opportunities: a research paper prepared under contract with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
AN - 38188767; 128372c
JF - The impact of corporate suburban relocations on minority employment opportunities: a research paper prepared under contract with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
AU - Nelson, J E
Y1 - 1974
PY - 1974
DA - 1974
EP - 83
PB - US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
KW - Economics
KW - Minorities
KW - Employment
KW - U.S.A.
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/International+Bibliography+of+the+Social+Sciences+%28IBSS%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nelson%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1974-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=ix&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+impact+of+corporate+suburban+relocations+on+minority+employment+opportunities%3A+a+research+paper+prepared+under+contract+with+the+Equal+Employment+Opportunity+Commission&rft.title=The+impact+of+corporate+suburban+relocations+on+minority+employment+opportunities%3A+a+research+paper+prepared+under+contract+with+the+Equal+Employment+Opportunity+Commission&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Appeals Examiner's Findings and Recommended Decisions in the Appeal of Miss Barbara A. Ringer, Library of Congress.
AN - 64235046; ED065142
AB - Miss Barbara A. Ringer, Assistant Register of Copyrights, Library of Congress, filed a formal complaint of discrimination on September 2, 1971. She charged that the rejection of her application for the position of Register of Copyrights in the Library of Congress was the result of discrimination for reasons of sex and race. An analysis of the complaint filed including all documents, exhibits, recordings, the investigation report, and the hearing transcript provide a preponderence of evidence to conclude that the rejection of Miss Ringer's application for and appointment to the position of Register of Copyrights was the result of discrimination for reasons of sex and race. The appeals examiner makes several recommendations with respect to this particular case and to the general employment practices at the Library of Congress. (Author/SJ)
Y1 - 1972/08/10/
PY - 1972
DA - 1972 Aug 10
SP - 32
KW - Library of Congress
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Librarians
KW - Government Libraries
KW - National Libraries
KW - Employment Practices
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Racial Discrimination
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/64235046?accountid=14244
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - JOUR
T1 - Title VII Reconsidered: The Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972
AN - 60847814; 78J0315
AB - The adoption of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972, amending Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, signifies the realization that employment discrimination is a national problem. Even though the 1964 Act represented a national commitment to equal employment opportunity, in reality, few employers complied due to the powerlessness of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). The history & development of the bill is reviewed. The passage of the Act is followed through a series of legislative attempts to strengthen Title VII, whereby the EEOC was provided with enforcement powers & attempts were made to correct the damage done by the bill's early deficiencies. The principles & provisions of the amendments are analyzed, making it clear that enforcement of the principles which have been reaffirmed by the EEOC must come through courts. Full impact of the Act is yet to be experienced as many of the new procedures wait to be tested by the courts. D. McGuire.
JF - The George Washington Law Review
AU - Sape, George P
AU - Hart, Thomas J
AD - Office Congressional Affairs Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Washington DC & House Committee Education Labor, Washington DC
Y1 - 1972/07//
PY - 1972
DA - July 1972
SP - 824
EP - 889
VL - 40
IS - 5
SN - 0016-8076, 0016-8076
KW - 1972 Equal Employment Opportunity Act
KW - 1964 Civil Rights Act Title VII, employer compliance, EEOC enforcement powers, court actions
KW - US
KW - Equal/Equality/Equalization
KW - Civil rights
KW - Discrimination
KW - United States/US
KW - Employment
KW - Social reform/Social reformers
KW - article
KW - 0410: group interactions; interaction between (large) groups (race relations/ethnicity)
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+George+Washington+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Title+VII+Reconsidered%3A+The+Equal+Employment+Opportunity+Act+of+1972&rft.au=Sape%2C+George+P%3BHart%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Sape&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=1972-07-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=824&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+George+Washington+Law+Review&rft.issn=00168076&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - Sociological Abstracts
N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01
N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1 - CODEN - GWLRAM
N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States/US; Equal/Equality/Equalization; Employment; Discrimination; Social reform/Social reformers; Civil rights
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Guidelines on Discrimination Because of Sex.
AN - 64046370; ED096479
AB - This brochure presents regulatory guidelines on sex discrimination with sections devoted to: general principles; sex as a bona fide occupational qualification; separate lines of progression and seniority systems; discrimination against married women; advertising job opportunities; employment agencies; pre-employment inquiries as to sex; the relationship of Title VII to the Equal Pay Act; fringe benefits; and employment policies relating to pregnancy and childbirth. Delineating sex as a bona fide qualification in occupational hiring is a major thrust of the document. Interpreted narrowly, occupational discrimination is manifested by (1) sex labels which tend to deny employment unnecessarily to one sex or another; (2) assumptions on comparative employment characteristics, such as"the turnover rate is higher for women than men"; (3) stereotyped sex characterizations (i.e., "men are less able to assemble intricate equipment"); and (4) preferences of coworkers, employers, clients, or customers. Authenticity or genuineness--e.g., an actor or actress--will be considered as a bona fide occupational qualification. The brochure revises Title 29, Chapter 14, Part 1604 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (NH)
Y1 - 1972/03/31/
PY - 1972
DA - 1972 Mar 31
SP - 8
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Males
KW - Personnel Selection
KW - Job Placement
KW - Guidelines
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Administrator Guides
KW - Sex (Characteristics)
KW - Federal Government
KW - Employment Qualifications
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Occupational Information
KW - Sex Differences
KW - Females
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/64046370?accountid=14244
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Job Patterns for Minorities and Women in Private Industry: Equal Employment Opportunity Report, 1969. Volume 1: The Nation, States, Industries. Volume 2: Metropolitan Areas.
AN - 64170956; ED076818
AB - The Equal Employment Opportunity Report for 1969 documents the results of job discrimination, based on more than 150,000 reports submitted by 44,000 employers covering more than 28 million workers. These reports provide statistics of employment by sex, race, and national origin in nine standard occupational categories: officials and managers, professionals, technicians, sales workers, office and clerical, craftsmen, operatives, laborers, and service workers. Volume 1 includes tabulated data covering nationwide totals, statewide totals, and industries by state for each of the 60 industries or industrial groups. Volume 2 contains totals for Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas and for selected industries in those areas. Lists of industries and areas and the employer report form are also provided. (MF)
Y1 - 1971
PY - 1971
DA - 1971
SP - 1645
PB - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Y3.Eq2:12/969/v.1,2, $11.00 set)
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - White Collar Occupations
KW - Employment Statistics
KW - National Surveys
KW - Industrial Personnel
KW - Blue Collar Occupations
KW - Sex Discrimination
KW - Occupational Surveys
KW - Minority Groups
KW - State Surveys
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Employed Women
KW - Metropolitan Areas
KW - Racial Discrimination
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L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Job+Patterns+for+Minorities+and+Women+in+Private+Industry%3A+Equal+Employment+Opportunity+Report%2C+1969.+Volume+1%3A+The+Nation%2C+States%2C+Industries.+Volume+2%3A+Metropolitan+Areas.&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - SuppNotes - 1,645p.
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Equal Employment Opportunity Report. 1969; Job Patterns of Minorities and Women in Private Industry. 1969. Volume I, The Nation, States, Industries. Volume II, Metropolitan Areas.
AN - 64118263; ED080792
AB - The statistical tables presented here summarize selected portions of the information supplied to the Equal Employment Opportunities Commission through the EEO-1 reporting system, using Standard Form 100, a copy of which is appended. The coverage and limitations of the survey are described, together with a list of industries and a list of standard metropolitan statistical areas. The first table shows minority group employment by occupation, sex, and state, together with national totals, the second by industry, occupations, and sex for selected states, and the third by occupation and sex for selected industries and standard metropolitan areas. In all tables the occupations are broken down into total employment, white collar occupations (five categories plus total white collar employment), blue collar occupations (three categories plus total blue collar employment), and service workers. Occupational distributions and participation rates are also shown on all tables. (SA)
Y1 - 1971
PY - 1971
DA - 1971
SP - 1645
PB - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (GPO5215-0018 $11.00 per set of two parts, sold in sets only)
KW - Private Industry
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Minority Groups
KW - White Collar Occupations
KW - Sex Differences
KW - Statistical Data
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Females
KW - Tables (Data)
KW - Blue Collar Occupations
KW - Industry
UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/64118263?accountid=14244
LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Personnel Testing and Equal Employment Opportunity.
AN - 64304214; ED053325
AB - Presented in this book is a series of papers on one of the most complex issues the Equal Employment Opportunities Commission has faced in the first 5 years of its operation. Employment testing represents a systemic problem in equal employment opportunity for minorities and women. Papers included in this document are "Testing of Minority Group Applicants for Employment" by Wallace, Kissinger, and Reynolds, and the following speeches by William Enneis: (1) "Statement Before the House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Postal Operations," (2) "Discrimination: Planned and Accidental," (3) "Personnel Testing and Equal Employment Opportunity," (4) "Misuses of Tests," (5) "Minority Employment Barriers From the EEOC Viewpoint," (6) "Statement on Personnel Testing and Selection," and (7) "Uses of Nontest Variables in the Government Employment Setting." Also included are guidelines on employee selection procedures. (Author/JS)
AU - Anderson, Betty R.
AU - Rogers, Martha P.
Y1 - 1970/12//
PY - 1970
DA - December 1970
SP - 58
PB - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (74-609942, $.55)
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Personnel Selection
KW - Guidelines
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Prognostic Tests
KW - Testing
KW - Test Interpretation
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - GEN
T1 - Differences in the Occupational Standing of Black Workers Among Industries and Cities.
AN - 64275341; ED050269
AB - This document is a summary of a doctoral thesis which was written to answer three questions. These are: (1) How important are personal characteristics of black workers in explaining the variance in their relative occupational standing among the private sectors of these cities? (2) How important are general characteristics of the cities and industries in which they work? and (3) What policies are most likely to improve the relative occupational standing of blacks employed in the private sector? The strategy for answering these questions was to develop measures of personal characteristics of black workers and of general characteristics of the labor markets and industries where they work. Answers derived through the use of this strategy include the following: (1) Personal characteristics of blacks such as their education and age are important, but less so, then general characteristics of the cities in which they work, in predicting their relative occupational standing; (2) Black women have greater chances of achieving occupational parity in cities where in-migration is not great; (3) Occupational parity for black men depends on greater access to manufacturing and unionized industries, where the demand for white collar workers is weak. (Author/JS)
AU - Lyle, Jerolyn R.
Y1 - 1970/06//
PY - 1970
DA - June 1970
SP - 33
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Racial Characteristics
KW - Blacks
KW - Employment Opportunities
KW - Urban Demography
KW - Community Characteristics
KW - Black Community
KW - Doctoral Dissertations
KW - Employment Patterns
KW - Vocational Education
KW - Labor Utilization
KW - Black Employment
KW - Labor Force Development
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -
TY - RPRT
T1 - Testing of Minority Group Applicants for Employment. Research Report 1966-7.
AN - 63908217; ED128665
AB - The research questions whether many tests used by employers for employee selection do discriminate inadvertantly. Because sub-groups or minority groups tend to be culturally disadvantaged, standardized tests have many shortcomings. When used as selection devices standardized tests may: (1) not provide reliable differentiation in the range of the minority group's scores; (2) use predictive validity different from that for the standardization and validation groups; and (3) use interpretation that is quite dependent upon the cultural background of the majority. To eliminate cultural bias in testing, tests that are culture-free, culture-fair, culture-equivalent, and measure creativity need to be developed. The concepts of using "dual test standards" and "compensatory training" may help create new methods for employee selection. It is concluded that proper testing practices need to be followed by improvement in hiring situations. Recommendations are that: (1) job descriptions be examined and requirements established before tests are used; (2) tests be developed by reputable psychologists; (3) inflexible minimum scores be re-examined; (4) test scores be combined with other data on performance; (5) test scores be validated in the setting used; and (6) re-tests be offered to unsuccessful applicants with culturally disadvantaged backgrounds. (RL)
AU - Wallace, Phyllis
Y1 - 1966/03//
PY - 1966
DA - March 1966
SP - 35
KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs)
KW - Minority Groups
KW - Culture Fair Tests
KW - Group Testing
KW - Disadvantaged
KW - Social Discrimination
KW - Testing
KW - Psychological Testing
KW - Predictive Validity
KW - Bias
KW - Intelligence Tests
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LA - English
DB - ERIC
N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-24
ER -