TY - JOUR T1 - Visualization of the Coalescence of Bismuth Nanoparticles AN - 1846406282; PQ0003835934 AB - Coalescence is a significant pathway for the growth of nanostructures. Here we studied the coalescence of Bi nanoparticles in situ by liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The growth of Bi nanoparticles was initiated from a bismuth neodecanoate precursor solution by electron beam irradiation inside a liquid cell under the TEM. A significant number of coalescence events occurred from the as-grown Bi nanodots. Both symmetric coalescence of two equal-sized nanoparticles and asymmetric coalescence of two or more unequal-sized nanoparticles were analyzed along their growth trajectories. Our observation suggests that two mass transport mechanisms, i.e., surface diffusion and grain boundary diffusion, are responsible for the shape evolution of nanoparticles after a coalescence event. JF - Microscopy and Microanalysis AU - Niu, Kai-Yang AU - Liao, Hong-Gang AU - Zheng, Haimei AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, hmzheng@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 416 EP - 424 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU United Kingdom VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 1431-9276, 1431-9276 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Grain KW - Boundaries KW - Diffusion KW - nanoparticles KW - Evolution KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846406282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.atitle=Visualization+of+the+Coalescence+of+Bismuth+Nanoparticles&rft.au=Niu%2C+Kai-Yang%3BLiao%2C+Hong-Gang%3BZheng%2C+Haimei&rft.aulast=Niu&rft.aufirst=Kai-Yang&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=416&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.issn=14319276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1431927614000282 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transmission electron microscopy; Boundaries; Grain; Diffusion; nanoparticles; Evolution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1431927614000282 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Earthquake Simulation Studies for the Marmara Region Using Empirical Green's Functions Method TT - Marmara Bolgesinde Ampirik Green Fonksiyon Yontemiyle Deprem Benzesimlerinin Elde Edilmesi AN - 1802202497; 20604418 AB - The main purpose of this article is to simulate three mid-sized earthquakes that occurred in Marmara Sea region, which has complex geologic and tectonic characteristics resulting in heterogeneous crustal structure. In the calculation of earthquake simulations, the method based on empirical Green's function (EGF) developed by Hutchings and Wu (1990) is used. In this way, we evaluate the achievements in simulating ground motion waveforms using empirical Green's function method especially for Marmara region where complex geologic structure exists. The main assumption of the method that simple rupture models and small sized earthquakes recorded in the region can be used as an empirical Green's functions to simulate earthquake ground motions. Accurate estimation of strong motion time history simulation is essential to establishing the recent technology of the earthquake-resistant design and performance based design of structure to reduce earthquake damage. The results confirm that empirical Green'sOriginal Abstract: Bu makalenin temei amaci, jeolojik ve tektonik olarak karmasik ozellikler gosteren dolayisiyla oldukca heterojen bir kabuk yapisina sahip Marmara bolgesinde meydana gelmis uc adet orla buyuklukte depremin benzesimini elde etmektir. Deprem benzesimlerinin hesaplanmasinda Hutchings ve Wu (1990) tarafindan gelistirilen Ampirik Green Fonksiyon (AGF) tabanli bir yontem kullanilmistir. Bu sayede, AGF yonteminin ozellikle Marmara bolgesi gibi karmasik jeolojik ozellikler gosteren bir bolgede yer hareketi dalga formlarinm modellenmesindeki basarisi degerlendirilmistir. Kullanilan yontem, basit yirtilma modellen ve bolgede kaydedilmis kucuk depremleri ani etkili nokta kaynak kabuluyle ampirik Green fonksiyonlar olarak kullanarak, deprem yer hareketi benzesimlerinin elde edilebilecegi esasina dayanir. Depreme dayamkh yapi tasariminda performansa dayali tasanm yaklasiminm benimsenmesi ile birlikte, kuvvetli yer hareketinin benzesiminin elde edilmesi konusu onem kazanmistir. Bunun en onemli sebebi, zaman ortaminda dog rusai olmayan dinamik analizlerde girdi olarak kullanilan sentetik akselerogramlara duyulan gereksinimdir. Benzesimi elde edilen uc depremde (Mw[approx =]5) Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonunun (KAFZ) Marmara Denizi icindeki farkli uzantilari boyunca olusmustur. Bunlardan ilki KAFZ'nun Marmara denizinin kuzeyinden gegen kolu uzerinde, digeri Gemlik Korfezini kesen orta kol, sonuncusu ise Kus Golu civarinda KAFZ'nun Marmara denizinin guneyindeki karasal alanlardan gegen guney kolu uzerinde meydana gelmistir. Calismada kullanilan depremier Kandilli Rasathanesi ve Deprem Arastirma Enstitusunun (KRDAE) islettigi genis bant sismometre agi tarafindan kaydedilmistir. Modellemeler, ana sokun ve en az bir artci sokun (2.83.6) kaydedildigi bes istasyonda toplamda on farkli istasyon kullanilarak yapilmistir. Kayitci istasyonlar ile depremier arasindaki mesate 17 km ile 121 km arasinda, modellenen deprem ile modellemede AGF olarak kullanilan depremlerin hiposantirlari arasindaki mesate ise 0.73 km ile 1.64 km arasinda degismektedir. Kaydedilmis ve benzesimi elde edilmis dalga formlarinm benzerlikleri P dalgasi ilk varistori, S-P dalgalarinm varislarindaki zaman farkliligi, kayit suresi, maksimum yer hizi, Fourier spektrumu ve enerji dagilimlari gibi farkli parametreler acismdan incelenmistir. Elde edilen sonuglar ozellikle heterojen kabuk yapisina sahip Marmara bolgesi gibi alanlarda, AGF yonteminin yer hareketi benzesimlerinin elde edilmesinde kullamlabilecek uygun bir yontem oldugunu dogrulamaktadir. JF - Yerbilimleri AU - Mert, Aydin AU - FAHJAN, YASIN AU - Pinar, Ali AU - Hutchings, Lawrence AD - Bogazici Universitesi, Kandilli Rasathanesi ve Deprem Arastirma Enstitusu, Cengelkoy, Istanbul, Turkiye; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, 94720 Berkeley, CA, USA, mertay@boun.edu.tr Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 55 EP - 78 PB - Hacettep University, Yerbilimleri Dergisi, Hacettep Universitesi Yerbilimleri Beytepe-Ankara 06532 Turkey VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 1301-2894, 1301-2894 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Empirical Green's function KW - earthquake simulation KW - marmara region KW - Earthquakes KW - Green's function KW - Ground motion KW - MED, Marmara Sea KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Crustal structure KW - Tectonics KW - Technology KW - Methodology KW - Modelling KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1802202497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yerbilimleri&rft.atitle=Earthquake+Simulation+Studies+for+the+Marmara+Region+Using+Empirical+Green%27s+Functions+Method&rft.au=Mert%2C+Aydin%3BFAHJAN%2C+YASIN%3BPinar%2C+Ali%3BHutchings%2C+Lawrence&rft.aulast=Mert&rft.aufirst=Aydin&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Yerbilimleri&rft.issn=13012894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Turkish DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Green's function; Earthquakes; Ground motion; Crustal structure; Modelling; Methodology; Simulation Analysis; Tectonics; Technology; MED, Marmara Sea ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward General Rules for the Design of Battery Electrodes Based on Titanium Oxides and Free of Conductive Additives AN - 1660087849; 21296832 AB - The functionality of several titanium oxides as active materials in electrodes free of any conductive additive was evaluated and rationalized. Correlations were established between the phase transformation during lithiation and both utilization and durability. Ramsdellite-type Li sub(2)Ti sub(3)O sub(7) was found to perform well, enabled by the small, isotropic volume change that accompanies lithium intercalation. In contrast, the anatase and rutile polymorphs of TiO sub(2) suffered losses, to different extents. Rutile could be fully lithiated, which resulted in a significant reduction of crystallinity. Changes in the voltage profile suggest that an amorphous fraction existed that was mainly responsible for a very stable activity upon subsequent cycling. In contrast, anatase electrodes could not be fully lithiated, probably due to kinetic limitations imposed by the transformation, and underwent severe decay upon cycling. Both utilization and stability could be improved to some extent by mixing this phase with Li sub(4)Ti sub(5)O sub(12), which could provide a mechanically stable scaffold during operation. Our work identifies rules and suggests pathways for the design of high-energy-density electrodes based on these phases through the elimination of additives such as high-surface-area carbons. Changing the rules: Correlations are established between the mechanism of phase transformation during lithiation and the performance of several titanium oxides as active materials in Li-ion battery electrodes free of any conductive additives to establish rules and engineering pathways for the design of high-energy-density electrodes. JF - Energy Technology AU - Alexander, Caleb T AU - Kim, Chunjoong AU - Yaylian, Riley AU - Cabana, Jordi AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA). Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 383 EP - 390 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 Germany VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 2194-4288, 2194-4288 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Cycles KW - Titanium oxides KW - Titanium dioxide KW - Rutile KW - Electrodes KW - Anatase KW - Correlation KW - Additives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660087849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Technology&rft.atitle=Toward+General+Rules+for+the+Design+of+Battery+Electrodes+Based+on+Titanium+Oxides+and+Free+of+Conductive+Additives&rft.au=Alexander%2C+Caleb+T%3BKim%2C+Chunjoong%3BYaylian%2C+Riley%3BCabana%2C+Jordi&rft.aulast=Alexander&rft.aufirst=Caleb&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Technology&rft.issn=21944288&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fente.201300143 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ente.201300143 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Marmara bolgesinde ampirik Green fonksiyon yontemiyle deprem benzesimlerinin elde edilmesi TT - Earthquake simulation studies for the Marmara region using empirical Green functions method AN - 1645573869; 2015-006734 AB - The main purpose of this article is to simulate three mid-sized earthquakes that occurred in Marmara Sea region, which has complex geologic and tectonic characteristics resulting in heterogeneous crustal structure. In the calculation of earthquake simulations, the method based on empirical Green's function (EGF) developed by Hutchings and Wu (1990) is used. In this way, we evaluate the achievements in simulating ground motion waveforms using empirical Green's function method especially for Marmara region where complex geologic structure exists. The main assumption of the method that simple rupture models and small sized earthquakes (impulsive point source event) recorded in the region can be used as an empirical Green's functions to simulate earthquake ground motions. Accurate estimation of strong motion time history simulation is essential to establishing the recent technology of the earthquake-resistant design and performance based design of structure to reduce earthquake damage. The main reason of this, non-linear dynamic analysis of structures in time domain needs synthetic accelerograms as an input. We simulate three earthquakes (Mw nearly equal 5) that occurred along three different extensions of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) inside of the Marmara Sea. The first one occurred on the northern branch of the NAFZ, in northern part of the Marmara Sea, the second one was along the mid-branch of NAFZ that bissects the Gulf of Gemlik and the last one took place on the southern branch of NAFZ in the vicinity of Kus Lake south of the terrestrial areas of the Marmara Sea. Earthquakes used in the study were recorded by broadband seismometer network operated by Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI). Modelling was made for each earthquake using by five stations, each of which recorded at least one after shock and one main shock, in total ten stations. The distance between recording stations and earthquake hypocenters ranged from 17 km to 121 km. The distance between the simulated earthquake hypocenter and EGF hypocenter ranged from 0.73 km to 1.64 km. Similarities between recorded and simulated waveforms were investigated in terms of different parameters such as first arrivals of P waves, time differences between S and P wave arrivals, recording duration, maximum ground velocity, Fourier spectrum and energy distribution. The results confirm that empirical Green's function method is an appropriate method to obtain ground motion simulations especially in areas such as Marmara region which has a heterogeneous crust structure. JF - Yerbilimleri AU - Mert, Aydin AU - Fahjan, Yasin AU - Pinar, Ali AU - Hutchings, Lawrence Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 55 EP - 78 PB - Hacettepe University, Institute of Earth Sciences, Ankara VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 1301-2894, 1301-2894 KW - North Anatolian Fault KW - Sea of Marmara region KW - data processing KW - Green function KW - waveforms KW - simulation KW - Sea of Marmara KW - Kus Lake KW - neotectonics KW - Fourier analysis KW - focus KW - tectonics KW - aseismic design KW - heterogeneity KW - Asia KW - seismotectonics KW - Middle East KW - faults KW - Gulf of Gemlik KW - Turkey KW - equations KW - geometry KW - aftershocks KW - main shocks KW - ground motion KW - earthquakes KW - crust KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yerbilimleri&rft.atitle=Marmara+bolgesinde+ampirik+Green+fonksiyon+yontemiyle+deprem+benzesimlerinin+elde+edilmesi&rft.au=Mert%2C+Aydin%3BFahjan%2C+Yasin%3BPinar%2C+Ali%3BHutchings%2C+Lawrence&rft.aulast=Mert&rft.aufirst=Aydin&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Yerbilimleri&rft.issn=13012894&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.yerbilimleri.hacettepe.edu.tr/ LA - Turkish DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 88 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aftershocks; aseismic design; Asia; crust; data processing; earthquakes; equations; faults; focus; Fourier analysis; geometry; Green function; ground motion; Gulf of Gemlik; heterogeneity; Kus Lake; main shocks; Middle East; neotectonics; North Anatolian Fault; Sea of Marmara; Sea of Marmara region; seismotectonics; simulation; tectonics; Turkey; waveforms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the correlation between material structure and seismic attenuation anisotropy in porous media AN - 1618132533; 2014-086381 AB - Through numerical experiments and analytical analysis, we show that a strong correlation exists between anisotropy in the material structure (i.e., the elongation of inclusions present within rocks in the different directions of space) and anisotropy in seismic attenuation (i.e., the values of the inverse quality factors associated with the anisotropic moduli that control wave propagation). This is especially true for weakly anisotropic materials where a power law is shown to relate the aspect ratios of the inclusions (i.e., the ratios of the lengths of the inclusions in the different spatial directions) to the peak attenuation ratios (i.e., the ratios of the maximum values of the quality factors describing wave attenuation in the different spatial directions). Analytical results show that small deviations from this simple power law relation are to be expected for general anisotropic materials. For axisymmetric spheroidal inclusions, a perfectly bijective analytical relation is obtained between aspect ratios of the inclusions and attenuation ratios. This relation is not a power law in general but may be considered to reduce to one as aspect ratios approach 1 (a perfect sphere). Abstract Copyright (2014), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - Masson, Y J AU - Pride, S R Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 2848 EP - 2870 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 119 IS - 4 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - spheroidal mode KW - seismic attributes KW - power law KW - numerical models KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - elastic waves KW - porosity KW - attenuation KW - saturation KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - anisotropy KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618132533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=On+the+correlation+between+material+structure+and+seismic+attenuation+anisotropy+in+porous+media&rft.au=Masson%2C+Y+J%3BPride%2C+S+R&rft.aulast=Masson&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2848&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013JB010798 L2 - http://onlineLibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292169-9100 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; attenuation; elastic waves; fluid flow; numerical models; porosity; porous materials; power law; propagation; saturation; seismic attributes; seismic waves; spheroidal mode DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013JB010798 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-resolved observations of water oxidation intermediates on a cobalt oxide nanoparticle catalyst AN - 1562667977; 20508131 AB - In any artificial photosynthetic system, the oxidation of water to molecular oxygen provides the electrons needed for the reduction of protons or carbon dioxide to a fuel. Understanding how this four-electron reaction works in detail is important for the development of improved robust catalysts made of Earth-abundant materials, like first-row transition-metal oxides. Here, using time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and under reaction conditions, we identify intermediates of water oxidation catalysed by an abundant metal-oxide catalyst, cobalt oxide (Co sub(3)O sub(4)). One intermediate is a surface superoxide (three-electron oxidation intermediate absorbing at 1,013 cm super(-1)), whereas a second observed intermediate is attributed to an oxo Co(IV) site (one-electron oxidation intermediate absorbing at 840 cm super(-1)). The temporal behaviour of the intermediates reveals that they belong to different catalytic sites. Knowledge of the structure and kinetics of surface intermediates will enable the design of improved metal-oxide materials for more efficient water oxidation catalysis. JF - Nature Chemistry AU - Zhang, Miao AU - de Respinis, Moreno AU - Frei, Heinz AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 362 EP - 367 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1755-4330, 1755-4330 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Oxygen KW - Photosynthesis KW - Cobalt KW - Kinetics KW - Fuels KW - Oxidation KW - Catalysts KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Spectroscopy KW - Catalysis KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562667977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Time-resolved+observations+of+water+oxidation+intermediates+on+a+cobalt+oxide+nanoparticle+catalyst&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Miao%3Bde+Respinis%2C+Moreno%3BFrei%2C+Heinz&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Miao&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Chemistry&rft.issn=17554330&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnchem.1874 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; Photosynthesis; Fuels; Kinetics; Cobalt; Oxidation; Catalysts; Spectroscopy; Carbon dioxide; Catalysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1874 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Examination of the technical potential of near-infrared switching thermochromie windows for commercial building applications AN - 1562667163; 20595849 AB - Current thermochromie windows modulate solar transmission primarily within the visible range, resulting in reduced space-conditioning energy use but also reduced daylight, thereby increasing lighting energy use compared to conventional static, near-infrared selective, low-emittance windows. To better understand the energy savings potential of improved thermochromie devices, a hypothetical near-infrared switching thermochromie glazing was defined based on guidelines provided by the material science community. Energy Plus simulations were conducted on a prototypical large office building and a detailed analysis was performed showing the progression from switching characteristics to net window heat flow and perimeter zone loads and then to perimeter zone heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) and lighting energy use for a mixed hot/cold climate and a hot, humid climate in the US. When a relatively high daylight transmission is maintained when switched (Tsol = 0.10-0.50 and Tvis = 0.30-0.60) and if coupled with a low-e inboard glazing layer (e = 0.04), the hypothetical thermochromie window with a low critical switching temperature range (14-20 [degrees]C) achieved reductions in total site annual energy use of 14.0-21.1 kW h/m super(2)-floor-yr or 12-14% super(1) for moderate- to large-area windows (WWR > or = 0.30) in Chicago and 9.8-18.6 kW h/m super(2)-floor-yr or 10-17% super(2) for WWR > or = 0.45 in Houston compared to an unshaded spectrally-selective, low-e window (window E1) in south-, east-, and west-facing perimeter zones. If this hypothetical thermochromie window can be offered at costs that are competitive to conventional low-e windows and meet esthetic requirements defined by the building industry and end users, then the technology is likely to be a viable energy-efficiency option for internal load dominated commercial buildings. JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells AU - Hoffmann, Sabine AU - Lee, Eleanor S AU - Clavero, Cesar AD - Building Technology and Urban Systems Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 90-3111, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, eslee@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 65 EP - 80 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 123 SN - 0927-0248, 0927-0248 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Thermochromie KW - Windows KW - Solar control KW - Daylighting KW - Building energy efficiency KW - USA, Illinois, Chicago KW - Ventilation KW - Air conditioning KW - Guidelines KW - Temperature KW - Energy conservation KW - Spectral analysis KW - Simulation KW - Lighting KW - Energy consumption KW - Buildings KW - Numerical simulations KW - Energy KW - Solar cells KW - Cold climates KW - Solar energy KW - USA, Texas, Houston KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.521.2/.3:Absorption Emissions Scattering (551.521.2/.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562667163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Solar+Energy+Materials+and+Solar+Cells&rft.atitle=Examination+of+the+technical+potential+of+near-infrared+switching+thermochromie+windows+for+commercial+building+applications&rft.au=Hoffmann%2C+Sabine%3BLee%2C+Eleanor+S%3BClavero%2C+Cesar&rft.aulast=Hoffmann&rft.aufirst=Sabine&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Solar+Energy+Materials+and+Solar+Cells&rft.issn=09270248&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.solmat.2013.12.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Numerical simulations; Solar cells; Spectral analysis; Cold climates; Solar energy; Ventilation; Air conditioning; Guidelines; Energy conservation; Temperature; Lighting; Simulation; Energy consumption; Buildings; Energy; Technology; USA, Illinois, Chicago; USA, Texas, Houston DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2013.12.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydro-mechanical model for wetting/drying and fracture development in geomaterials AN - 1545407308; 2014-053261 AB - This paper presents a modeling approach for studying hydro-mechanical coupled processes, including fracture development, within geological formations. This is accomplished through the novel linking of two codes: TOUGH2, which is a widely used simulator of subsurface multiphase flow based on the finite volume method; and an implementation of the Rigid-Body-Spring Network (RBSN) method, which provides a discrete (lattice) representation of material elasticity and fracture development. The modeling approach is facilitated by a Voronoi-based discretization technique, capable of representing discrete fracture networks. The TOUGH-RBSN simulator is intended to predict fracture evolution, as well as mass transport through permeable media, under dynamically changing hydrologic and mechanical conditions. Numerical results are compared with those of two independent studies involving hydro-mechanical coupling: (1) numerical modeling of swelling stress development in bentonite; and (2) experimental study of desiccation cracking in a mining waste. The comparisons show good agreement with respect to moisture content, stress development with changes in pore pressure, and time to crack initiation. The observed relationship between material thickness and crack patterns (e.g., mean spacing of cracks) is captured by the proposed modeling approach. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Asahina, D AU - Houseworth, J E AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Bolander, J E Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 13 EP - 23 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 65 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - TOUGH2 KW - data processing KW - fracturing KW - simulation KW - rock mechanics KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transport KW - rigid body spring network KW - propagation KW - tessellation KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - bentonite KW - mechanical properties KW - Voronoi tessellation KW - models KW - computer programs KW - cracks KW - mathematical methods KW - volume KW - expansive materials KW - reservoir properties KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545407308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Hydro-mechanical+model+for+wetting%2Fdrying+and+fracture+development+in+geomaterials&rft.au=Asahina%2C+D%3BHouseworth%2C+J+E%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BBolander%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Asahina&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2462&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bentonite; clastic rocks; computer programs; cracks; data processing; expansive materials; fracturing; ground water; hydrology; mathematical methods; mechanical properties; models; numerical models; permeability; propagation; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; rigid body spring network; rock mechanics; sedimentary rocks; simulation; tessellation; TOUGH2; transport; volume; Voronoi tessellation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.12.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrating structural geological data into the inverse modelling framework of iTOUGH2 AN - 1545407282; 2014-053268 AB - The validity of subsurface flow simulations strongly depends on the accuracy of relevant rock property values and their distribution in space. In realistic simulations, this spatial distribution is based on two geological considerations: (1) the subsurface structural setting, and (2) smaller-scale heterogeneity within a hydrostratigraphic unit. Both aspects are subject to uncertainty, whereas techniques to address heterogeneity are well established, no general method exists to evaluate the influence of structural uncertainties. We present a method to include structural geological data (e.g. observations of geological contacts and faults) directly into an inversion framework, with the aim of enabling the inversion routine to adapt a full 3-D geological model with a set of geological parameters. In order to achieve this aim, we use a set of Python modules to combine several pre-existing codes into one workflow, to facilitate the consideration of a structural model in the typical model evaluation steps of sensitivity analysis, parameter estimation, and uncertainty propagation analysis. In a synthetic study, we then test the application of these three steps to analyse CO (sub 2) injection into an anticlinal structure with the potential of leakage through a fault zone. We consider several parts of the structural setting as uncertain, most importantly the position of the fault zone. We then evaluate (1) how sensitive CO (sub 2) arriving in several observation wells would be with respect to the geological parameters, (2) if it would be possible to determine the leak location from observations in shallow wells, and (3) how parametric uncertainty affects the expected CO (sub 2) leakage amount. In all these cases, our main focus is to consider the influence of the primary geological data on model outputs. We demonstrate that the integration of structural data into the iTOUGH2 framework enables the inversion routines to adapt the geological model, i.e. to re-generate the entire structural model based on changes in several sensitive geological parameters. Our workflow is a step towards a combined analysis of uncertainties not only in local heterogeneities but in the structural setting as well, for a more complete integration of geological knowledge into conceptual and numerical models. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Wellmann, J Florian AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Croucher, Adrian Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 95 EP - 109 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 65 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - TOUGH2 KW - hazardous waste KW - iTOUGH2 KW - data processing KW - observation wells KW - hydrogeology KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - environmental management KW - fractures KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - movement KW - propagation KW - leaky aquifers KW - uncertainty KW - faults KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - inverse problem KW - depth KW - computer programs KW - gas injection KW - heterogeneous materials KW - soil pollution KW - mathematical methods KW - theoretical models KW - reservoir properties KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - fault zones KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545407282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Integrating+structural+geological+data+into+the+inverse+modelling+framework+of+iTOUGH2&rft.au=Wellmann%2C+J+Florian%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BCroucher%2C+Adrian&rft.aulast=Wellmann&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2013.10.014 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; computer programs; data processing; depth; environmental management; fault zones; faults; fractures; gas injection; ground water; hazardous waste; heterogeneous materials; hydrogeology; inverse problem; iTOUGH2; leaky aquifers; mathematical methods; Monte Carlo analysis; movement; numerical models; observation wells; pollutants; pollution; propagation; radioactive waste; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sensitivity analysis; soil pollution; statistical analysis; theoretical models; three-dimensional models; TOUGH2; transport; uncertainty; waste disposal; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.10.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making sense of global sensitivity analyses AN - 1545407269; 2014-053267 AB - This study presents improved understanding of sensitivity analysis methods through a comparison of the local sensitivity and two global sensitivity analysis methods: the Morris and Sobol'/Saltelli methods. We re-interpret the variance-based sensitivity indices from the Sobol'/Saltelli method as difference-based measures. It suggests that the difference-based local and Morris methods provide the effect of each parameter including its interaction with others, similar to the total sensitivity index from the Sobol'/Saltelli method. We also develop an alternative approximation method to efficiently compute the Sobol' index, using one-dimensional fitting of system responses from a Monte-Carlo simulation. For illustration, we conduct a sensitivity analysis of pressure propagation induced by fluid injection and leakage in a reservoir-aquitard-aquifer system. The results show that the three methods provide consistent parameter importance rankings in this system. Our study also reveals that the three methods can provide additional information to improve system understanding. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Wainwright, Haruko M AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Jung, Yoojin AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Birkholzer, Jens T Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 84 EP - 94 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 65 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - Sobol-Saltelli method KW - variance analysis KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - global KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - aquitards KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - sensitivity analysis KW - mathematical methods KW - Morris method KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545407269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Making+sense+of+global+sensitivity+analyses&rft.au=Wainwright%2C+Haruko+M%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BJung%2C+Yoojin%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=Haruko&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2013.06.006 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aquitards; data processing; global; ground water; mathematical methods; Monte Carlo analysis; Morris method; reservoir rocks; sensitivity analysis; simulation; Sobol-Saltelli method; statistical analysis; variance analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.06.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in subsurface modeling using the TOUGH suite of simulators AN - 1545407253; 2014-053260 AB - The TOUGH suite of nonisothermal multiphase flow and transport simulators is continually updated to improve the analysis of complex subsurface processes through numerical modeling. Driven by research questions in the Earth sciences and by application needs in industry and government organizations, the codes are extended to include the coupling of relevant processes and subsystems, to improve computational performance, to support model development and analysis tasks, and to provide more convenient pre- and post-processing capabilities. This review paper briefly describes the history of the simulator, discusses recent advances, and comments on potential future developments and applications. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Spycher, Nicolas Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 2 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 65 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - TOUGH2 KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - simulation KW - energy balance KW - rock mechanics KW - models KW - environmental management KW - computer programs KW - reactivity KW - transport KW - geoscience KW - energy sources KW - mathematical methods KW - equations of state KW - water resources KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545407253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Real-time+elemental+and+isotopic+analysis+at+atmospheric+pressure+in+a+laser+ablation+plasma&rft.au=Russo%2C+R+E%3BMao%2C+X+L%3BBol%27shakov%2C+A+A%3BYoo%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Russo&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2308&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 103 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; data processing; energy balance; energy sources; environmental management; equations of state; geoscience; mathematical methods; models; numerical models; reactivity; rock mechanics; simulation; statistical analysis; TOUGH2; transport; water resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.06.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TOUGH-RDCA modeling of multiple fracture interactions in cap rock during CO (sub 2) injection into a deep brine aquifer AN - 1545407252; 2014-053262 AB - The interaction between multiple fractures (e.g., hydraulic fractures and pre-existing natural fractures) is important in the analysis of a number of geoengineering applications, such as in the evaluation of the stability and integrity of caprock during underground CO (sub 2) sequestration. Here, we present new developments and applications of a model for analyzing coupled multiphase fluid flow and geomechanical processes during fracturing involving multiple fractures and their interactions. Based on a numerical code, i.e., rock discontinuous cellular automaton (RDCA), we introduce a discontinuous displacement function for representing multiple discontinuities, and develop an algorithm to deal with a propagating fracture that interacts with other discontinuities. By applying multiphase fluid pressure to fracture surfaces, the RDCA has the ability to simulate multiphase fluid flow-driven fracturing. The RDCA technique incorporates the discontinuity of the crack independently of the mesh, such that the cracks can be arbitrarily located within an element. This method does not require any remeshing for multiple cracks growth, an aspect that greatly reduces the complexity and improves efficiency in modeling multiple-fracture propagation. The RDCA is integrated with the TOUGH2 multiphase flow and heat-transport simulator by a sequential coupling algorithm, using mixed FORTRAN and C++ programming. The coupled TOUGH2 and RDCA code is applied to simulate the multiple fracture interaction in caprock induced by CO (sub 2) injection into a deep brine aquifer. The simulation results show hydraulic fracture trajectory, fracture aperture, and pressures as a function of injection time. Fluid flow (driven by CO (sub 2) injection) into natural fractures and their transition to hydraulic fractures is simulated. The injection pressure profile shows the complexity of the fracturing and its impact on CO (sub 2) migration and caprock integrity. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Pan, Pengzhi AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Feng, Xiating AU - Yan, Fei Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 24 EP - 36 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 65 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - TOUGH2 KW - deep aquifers KW - computer languages KW - data processing KW - fluid phase KW - fracturing KW - simulation KW - rock mechanics KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - fractures KW - water-rock interaction KW - rock discontinuous cellular automata KW - movement KW - Fortran KW - propagation KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - carbon sequestration KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - gas injection KW - cracks KW - mathematical methods KW - brines KW - cap rocks KW - reservoir properties KW - cellular automata KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545407252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=TOUGH-RDCA+modeling+of+multiple+fracture+interactions+in+cap+rock+during+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+into+a+deep+brine+aquifer&rft.au=Pan%2C+Pengzhi%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BFeng%2C+Xiating%3BYan%2C+Fei&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Pengzhi&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2013.09.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; aquifers; brines; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; cellular automata; computer languages; computer programs; cracks; data processing; deep aquifers; fluid phase; Fortran; fractures; fracturing; gas injection; ground water; hydraulic fracturing; mathematical methods; models; movement; pollutants; pollution; propagation; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; rock discontinuous cellular automata; rock mechanics; simulation; TOUGH2; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.09.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MPiTOUGH2; a parallel parameter estimation framework for hydrological and hydrogeophysical applications AN - 1545406972; 2014-053271 AB - We present a parallel joint hydrogeophysical parameter estimation framework specifically relevant for a class of inverse modeling applications where a large number of simulations of multi-phase, multi-component flow and transport through porous media impose exceedingly large computing demands. A modified Levenberg-Marquardt minimization algorithm provides for a robust and efficient calibration of complex models. The optimization framework is based on the parameter estimation and uncertainty analysis tool iTOUGH2, which we have parallelized using the Message Passing Interface in order to address the main computational burden of assessing parameter sensitivities. An underlying layer of hydrological and geophysical forward simulation operators use domain decomposition and parallel iterative Krylov solver techniques. The geophysical forward simulation operators originate from parallel algorithms for electrical and electromagnetic data types that have proven successful in solving large-scale imaging problems arising in geothermal as well as oil and gas exploration applications. We have pursued a consequent merge of the hydrological optimization framework with the geophysical component in order to maximize the efficiencies of the Message Passing Interface. The method offers new possibilities by combining hydrological data with geophysical measurements that involve, for example, time-harmonic electromagnetic fields. We first show improved model resolution capabilities on a synthetic joint inversion example where controlled-source electromagnetic observations are combined with hydrological data simulated from a conservative tracer injection experiment. Next, the method is applied to a 3-D joint inversion of field data from a CO (sub 2) injection experiment, where the required multi-phase, multi-component flow and transport simulations are highly computationally demanding. Overall improved data fits are achieved for both CO (sub 2) gas mole fractions and observed relative changes in electrical conductivity derived from geophysical measurements. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Commer, Michael AU - Kowalsky, Michael B AU - Doetsch, Joseph AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Finsterle, Stefan Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 127 EP - 135 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 65 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - solute transport KW - electrical conductivity KW - geophysical surveys KW - well-logging KW - data processing KW - observation wells KW - petroleum KW - calibration KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - carbon dioxide KW - Adams County Mississippi KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Cranfield Mississippi KW - tracers KW - electromagnetic methods KW - algorithms KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - Mississippi KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - optimization KW - porosity KW - models KW - computer programs KW - mathematical methods KW - surveys KW - reservoir properties KW - electromagnetic field KW - MPiTOUGH2 KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545406972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=MPiTOUGH2%3B+a+parallel+parameter+estimation+framework+for+hydrological+and+hydrogeophysical+applications&rft.au=Commer%2C+Michael%3BKowalsky%2C+Michael+B%3BDoetsch%2C+Joseph%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan&rft.aulast=Commer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2013.06.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Mississippi; algorithms; calibration; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; computer programs; Cranfield Mississippi; data processing; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic field; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; hydrology; injection; magnetotelluric methods; mathematical methods; Mississippi; models; MPiTOUGH2; observation wells; optimization; petroleum; porosity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sensitivity analysis; simulation; solute transport; surveys; TOUGH2; tracers; transport; United States; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.06.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The RealGas and RealGasH2O options of the TOUGH+ code for the simulation of coupled fluid and heat flow in tight/shale gas systems AN - 1545406954; 2014-053265 AB - We developed two new EOS additions to the TOUGH+ family of codes, the RealGasH2O and RealGas. The RealGasH2O EOS option describes the non-isothermal two-phase flow of water and a real gas mixture in gas reservoirs, with a particular focus in ultra-tight (such as tight-sand and shale gas) reservoirs. The gas mixture is treated as either a single-pseudo-component having a fixed composition, or as a multicomponent system composed of up to 9 individual real gases. The RealGas option has the same general capabilities, but does not include water, thus describing a single-phase, dry-gas system. In addition to the standard capabilities of all members of the TOUGH+ family of codes (fully-implicit, compositional simulators using both structured and unstructured grids), the capabilities of the two codes include coupled flow and thermal effects in porous and/or fractured media, real gas behavior, inertial (Klinkenberg) effects, full micro-flow treatment, Darcy and non-Darcy flow through the matrix and fractures of fractured media, single- and multi-component gas sorption onto the grains of the porous media following several isotherm options, discrete and fracture representation, complex matrix-fracture relationships, and porosity-permeability dependence on pressure changes. The two options allow the study of flow and transport of fluids and heat over a wide range of time frames and spatial scales not only in gas reservoirs, but also in problems of geologic storage of greenhouse gas mixtures, and of geothermal reservoirs with multi-component condensable (H (sub 2) O and CH (sub 4) ) and non-condensable gas mixtures. The codes are verified against available analytical and semi-analytical solutions. Their capabilities are demonstrated in a series of problems of increasing complexity, ranging from isothermal flow in simpler 1D and 2D conventional gas reservoirs, to non-isothermal gas flow in 3D fractured shale gas reservoirs involving 4 types of fractures, micro-flow, non-Darcy flow and gas composition changes during production. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Moridis, George J AU - Freeman, Craig M Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 56 EP - 71 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 65 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - TOUGH2 KW - sorption KW - shale gas KW - natural gas KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - tight sands KW - simulation KW - energy balance KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - water-rock interaction KW - mixing KW - mass balance KW - heat flow KW - numerical models KW - Darcy's law KW - physicochemical properties KW - RealGas KW - equations KW - porosity KW - RealGasH2O KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - mathematical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545406954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=The+RealGas+and+RealGasH2O+options+of+the+TOUGH%2B+code+for+the+simulation+of+coupled+fluid+and+heat+flow+in+tight%2Fshale+gas+systems&rft.au=Moridis%2C+George+J%3BFreeman%2C+Craig+M&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2013.09.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; Darcy's law; data processing; energy balance; equations; fluid phase; geothermal energy; geothermal reservoirs; ground water; heat flow; mass balance; mathematical methods; mixing; natural gas; numerical models; permeability; petroleum; physicochemical properties; porosity; RealGas; RealGasH2O; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; shale gas; simulation; sorption; tight sands; TOUGH2; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.09.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduced order modeling in iTOUGH2 AN - 1545406934; 2014-053270 AB - The inverse modeling and uncertainty quantification capabilities of iTOUGH2 are augmented with reduced order models (ROMs) that act as efficient surrogates for computationally expensive high fidelity models (HFMs). The implementation of the ROM capabilities involves integration of three main computational components. The first component is the ROM itself. Two response surface approximations are currently implemented: Gaussian process regression (GPR) and radial basis function (RBF) interpolation. The second component is a multi-output adaptive sampling procedure that determines the sample points used to construct the ROMs. The third component involves defining appropriate error measures for the adaptive sampling procedure, allowing ROMs to be constructed efficiently with limited user intervention. Details in all three components must complement one another to obtain an accurate approximation. The new capability and its integration with other analysis tools within iTOUGH2 are demonstrated in two examples. The results from using the ROMs in an uncertainty quantification analysis and a global sensitivity analysis compare favorably with the results obtained using the HFMs. GPR is more accurate than RBF, but the difference can be small and similar conclusion can be deduced from the analyses. In the second example involving a realistic numerical model for a hypothetical industrial-scale carbon storage project in the Southern San Joaquin Basin, California, USA, significant reduction in computational effort can be achieved when ROMs are used to perform a rigorous global sensitivity analysis. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Pau, George Shu Heng AU - Zhang, Yingqi AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Wainwright, Haruko M AU - Birkholzer, Jens T Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 118 EP - 126 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 65 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - iTOUGH2 KW - data processing KW - hydrogeology KW - gas storage KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - sedimentary rocks KW - errors KW - sensitivity analysis KW - San Joaquin Basin KW - Freeman Shale KW - uncertainty KW - faults KW - sealing KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - inverse problem KW - Miocene KW - models KW - computer programs KW - gas injection KW - Vedder Sand KW - Tertiary KW - Temblor Formation KW - San Joaquin County California KW - Neogene KW - mathematical methods KW - Southern San Joaquin Basin KW - reservoir properties KW - clastic rocks KW - regression analysis KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545406934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Reduced+order+modeling+in+iTOUGH2&rft.au=Pau%2C+George+Shu+Heng%3BZhang%2C+Yingqi%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BWainwright%2C+Haruko+M%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T&rft.aulast=Pau&rft.aufirst=George+Shu&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2013.08.008 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; California; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Cenozoic; clastic rocks; computer programs; data processing; errors; faults; Freeman Shale; gas injection; gas storage; hydrogeology; inverse problem; iTOUGH2; mathematical methods; Miocene; models; Neogene; numerical models; permeability; pollution; regression analysis; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; San Joaquin Basin; San Joaquin County California; sealing; sedimentary rocks; sensitivity analysis; Southern San Joaquin Basin; statistical analysis; Temblor Formation; Tertiary; TOUGH2; uncertainty; United States; Vedder Sand DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.08.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - T2Well; an integrated wellbore-reservoir simulator AN - 1545406854; 2014-053264 AB - At its most basic level, management of subsurface fluid resources involves a system comprising the wellbore and the target reservoir. As discrete pathways through geologic formations, boreholes and wells are critical to the success of many water, energy, and environmental management operations. Although many stand-alone simulators for two-phase flow in wellbores with various levels of sophistication have been developed, simulating non-isothermal, multiphase, and multi-component flows in both the wellbore and in the porous or fractured media reservoir as an integrated system remains a challenging yet important task. The difficulties include (1) different governing equations apply to the wellbore and the reservoir that need to be solved efficiently in a uniform framework, (2) the significant contrast in temporal and spatial scales between the wellbore and the reservoir that results in a very challenging set of stiff partial differential equations, and (3) other complexities (e.g., dry-out) that can be caused by flow processes between the wellbore and the reservoir. To address the need to simulate coupled wellbore-reservoir flow, we have developed T2Well, a numerical simulator for non-isothermal, multiphase, and multi-component flows in the integrated wellbore-reservoir system. The new model extends the existing numerical reservoir simulator TOUGH2 to calculate the flow in both the wellbore and the reservoir simultaneously and efficiently by introducing a special wellbore sub-domain into the numerical grid. For grid blocks in the wellbore sub-domain, we solve the 1D momentum equation of the mixture (which may be two-phase) as described by the drift-flux model (DFM). A novel mixed implicit-explicit scheme for friction in the wellbore is applied to facilitate the solution of the momentum equation, while other variables are calculated fully implicitly. Applications of the new simulator to problems in various fields are presented to demonstrate its capabilities. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 46 EP - 55 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 65 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - TOUGH2 KW - numerical analysis KW - Darcy's law KW - data processing KW - T2Well simulator KW - porous materials KW - petroleum KW - equations KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - reservoir rocks KW - models KW - computer programs KW - oil wells KW - boreholes KW - naturally fractured reservoirs KW - movement KW - mathematical methods KW - steady-state processes KW - reservoir properties KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545406854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=T2Well%3B+an+integrated+wellbore-reservoir+simulator&rft.au=Pan%2C+Lehua%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Lehua&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2013.06.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; computer programs; Darcy's law; data processing; equations; mathematical methods; models; movement; naturally fractured reservoirs; numerical analysis; oil wells; petroleum; porosity; porous materials; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; simulation; steady-state processes; T2Well simulator; TOUGH2; water resources; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.06.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utilizing the onset of time-lapse changes; a robust basis for reservoir monitoring and characterization AN - 1542643408; 2014-046764 AB - Time-lapse monitoring is useful for imaging changes in geophysical attributes due to fluid flow. In trying to use time-lapse data for reservoir characterization, difficulties often arise when relating changes in geophysical observations to changes in fluid saturation and pressure. As an alternative approach for reservoir monitoring and characterization, we introduce the idea of an onset time, the time at which a measured quantity, such as a seismic traveltime or a reflection amplitude, begins to deviate from its background value. We illustrate the idea and demonstrate its utility through the consideration of traveltimes recorded by the continuous active source seismic monitoring system at the Frio pilot site near Houston, Texas. The system, which transmits an elastic wave every 15 min, is used to monitor the movement of carbon dioxide injected into a permeable sand formation. From these data we can estimate the onset of changes in seismic traveltimes to six receivers in an adjacent borehole. Numerical simulation and synthetic tests indicate that the onset times are not very sensitive to the method used to compute the effective fluid bulk modulus and, correspondingly, the seismic compressional velocity. Rather, the onset times are strongly influenced by saturation changes within the formation, specifically by the break-through time of the injected fluid phase. By means of an iterative inversion algorithm we use the onset times to estimate permeability variations between the boreholes at the Frio pilot site. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Vasco, D W AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Bakulin, Andrey Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 542 EP - 556 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 197 IS - 1 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - United States KW - salt tectonics KW - monitoring KW - geophysical surveys KW - Frio County Texas KW - geophysical methods KW - fluid flow KW - Texas KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - fluid injection KW - time-lapse methods KW - surveys KW - Frio Field KW - tectonics KW - algorithms KW - permeability KW - Frio Texas KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542643408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Utilizing+the+onset+of+time-lapse+changes%3B+a+robust+basis+for+reservoir+monitoring+and+characterization&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BBakulin%2C+Andrey&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=542&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fgji%2Fggt526 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 111 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; carbon dioxide; fluid flow; fluid injection; Frio County Texas; Frio Field; Frio Texas; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; models; monitoring; oil and gas fields; permeability; reservoir rocks; salt tectonics; seismic methods; surveys; tectonics; Texas; time-lapse methods; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggt526 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elemental, isotopic, and structural changes in Tagish Lake insoluble organic matter produced by parent body processes AN - 1535203512; 2014-039227 AB - Here, we present the results of a multitechnique study of the bulk properties of insoluble organic material (IOM) from the Tagish Lake meteorite, including four lithologies that have undergone different degrees of aqueous alteration. The IOM C contents of all four lithologies are very uniform and comprise about half the bulk C and N contents of the lithologies. However, the bulk IOM elemental and isotopic compositions vary significantly. In particular, there is a correlated decrease in bulk IOM H/C ratios and delta D values with increasing degree of alteration-the IOM in the least altered lithology is intermediate between CM and CR IOM, while that in the more altered lithologies resembles the very aromatic IOM in mildly metamorphosed CV and CO chondrites, and heated CMs. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, C X-ray absorption near-edge (XANES), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirm and quantitate this transformation from CR-like, relatively aliphatic IOM functional group chemistry to a highly aromatic one. The transformation is almost certainly thermally driven, and probably occurred under hydrothermal conditions. The lack of a paramagnetic shift in (super 13) C NMR spectra and 1s-sigma * exciton in the C-XANES spectra, both typically seen in metamorphosed chondrites, shows that the temperatures were lower and/or the timescales were shorter than experienced by even the least metamorphosed type 3 chondrites. Two endmember models were considered to quantitatively account for the changes in IOM functional group chemistry, but the one in which the transformations involved quantitative conversion of aliphatic material to aromatic material was the more successful. It seems likely that similar processes were involved in producing the diversity of IOM compositions and functional group chemistries among CR, CM, and CI chondrites. If correct, CRs experienced the lowest temperatures, while CM and CI chondrites experienced similar more elevated temperatures. This ordering is inconsistent with alteration temperatures based on mineralogy and O isotopes. Abstract Copyright The Meteoritical Society, 2014. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Alexander, C M O'D AU - Cody, G D AU - Kebukawa, Y AU - Bowden, R AU - Fogel, M L AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Nittler, Larry R AU - Herd, Christopher D K Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 503 EP - 525 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - stony meteorites KW - isotopes KW - Tagish Lake Meteorite KW - CV chondrites KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - infrared spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - CO chondrites KW - meteorites KW - FTIR spectra KW - CR chondrites KW - insoluble residues KW - carbon KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - chemical composition KW - CI chondrites KW - N-15/N-14 KW - isotope ratios KW - parent bodies KW - C-13/C-12 KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - X-ray spectra KW - aqueous alteration KW - organic compounds KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - CM chondrites KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535203512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Elemental%2C+isotopic%2C+and+structural+changes+in+Tagish+Lake+insoluble+organic+matter+produced+by+parent+body+processes&rft.au=Alexander%2C+C+M+O%27D%3BCody%2C+G+D%3BKebukawa%2C+Y%3BBowden%2C+R%3BFogel%2C+M+L%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BNittler%2C+Larry+R%3BHerd%2C+Christopher+D+K&rft.aulast=Alexander&rft.aufirst=C+M&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fmaps.12282 L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous alteration; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbonaceous chondrites; chemical composition; chondrites; CI chondrites; CM chondrites; CO chondrites; CR chondrites; CV chondrites; D/H; FTIR spectra; hydrogen; hydrothermal alteration; infrared spectra; insoluble residues; isotope ratios; isotopes; metasomatism; meteorites; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; organic compounds; parent bodies; spectra; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; Tagish Lake Meteorite; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maps.12282 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - California's Cap-and-Trade Programme and Insights for China's Pilot Schemes AN - 1534848906; 20046624 AB - California's cap-and-trade programme under the Assembly Bill 32 is a key element in California's comprehensive plan for reducing its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. In China, separate local cap-and-trade pilot schemes are being developed to explore a market-based solution for addressing the country's increasing GHG emissions. The Californian cap-and-trade scheme and China's local pilots are similar in that both have been developed in the absence of a national emissions trading scheme. This paper reviews the Californian scheme and draws insights for China's pilots from various perspectives including the legal basis, institutional arrangement, programme structure, market design, the implementation process, and mechanisms for ensuring compliance. JF - Energy & Environment AU - Shen, Bo AU - Dai, Fan AU - Price, Lynn AU - Lu, Hongyou AD - China Energy Group, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 551 EP - 576 PB - Multi-Science Publishing Co. Ltd., 107 High St. Brentwood, Essex CM14 4RX United Kingdom VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0958-305X, 0958-305X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Cap-and-trade KW - greenhouse gas emissions trading KW - climate change KW - China KW - Emissions trading KW - Reviews KW - Energy KW - Legal aspects KW - Compliance KW - China, People's Rep. KW - USA, California KW - Greenhouse gases KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534848906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=California%27s+Cap-and-Trade+Programme+and+Insights+for+China%27s+Pilot+Schemes&rft.au=Shen%2C+Bo%3BDai%2C+Fan%3BPrice%2C+Lynn%3BLu%2C+Hongyou&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environment&rft.issn=0958305X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1260%2F0958-305X.25.3-4.551 L2 - http://multi-science.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&;id=H3T857475K75T360 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Emissions trading; Legal aspects; Energy; Reviews; Compliance; Greenhouse gases; USA, California; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0958-305X.25.3-4.551 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcript level and sequence determinants of protein abundance and noise in Escherichia coli AN - 1534818960; 19987637 AB - The range over which a protein is expressed, and its cell-to-cell variability, is often thought to be linked to the demand for its activity. Steady-state protein level is determined by multiple mechanisms controlling transcription and translation, many of which are limited by DNA- and RNA-encoded signals that affect initiation, elongation and termination of polymerases and ribosomes. We performed a comprehensive analysis of >100 sequence features to derive a predictive model composed of a minimal non-redundant set of factors explaining 66% of the total variation of protein abundance observed in >800 genes in Escherichia coli. The model suggests that protein abundance is primarily determined by the transcript level (53%) and by effectors of translation elongation (12%), whereas only a small fraction of the variation is explained by translational initiation (1%). Our analyses uncover a new sequence determinant, not previously described, affecting translation initiation and suggest that elongation rate is affected by both codon biases and specific amino acid composition. We also show that transcription and translation efficiency may have an effect on expression noise, which is more similar than previously assumed. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Guimaraes, Joao C AU - Rocha, Miguel AU - Arkin, Adam P Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 4791 EP - 4799 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 42 IS - 8 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Translation KW - Translation initiation KW - Translation elongation KW - Escherichia coli KW - Codons KW - Transcription KW - Amino acid composition KW - Ribosomes KW - Amino acid sequence KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - N 14830:RNA KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534818960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=Transcript+level+and+sequence+determinants+of+protein+abundance+and+noise+in+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Guimaraes%2C+Joao+C%3BRocha%2C+Miguel%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P&rft.aulast=Guimaraes&rft.aufirst=Joao&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgku126 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Translation; Translation initiation; Translation elongation; Codons; Amino acid composition; Transcription; Ribosomes; Amino acid sequence; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku126 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding pretreatment efficacy of four cholinium and imidazolium ionic liquids by chemistry and computation AN - 1524415174; 19761727 AB - Certain ionic liquids (ILs) offer a potentially more sustainable and environmentally responsible alternative to organic solvents for many industrial applications, including biorefineries, where they are used to pretreat lignocellulose. To gain a more robust understanding of the roles of cations and anions in the process, we monitored the impact of the respective ILs on Panicum virgatum(switchgrass) in terms of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, and enzymatic digestibility. The behaviors of four ILs, based on one of two cations, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ([C sub(2)mim] super(+)) and cholinium ([Ch] super(+)), and one of two anions, acetate ([OAc] super(-)) and lysinate ([Lys] super(-)), were compared. While all four ILs were effective in pretreating switchgrass, ILs containing [Lys] super(-) anions provided greater delignification (70-80% vs.16-50%) after addition of water as an anti-solvent and higher glucose yields (78-96% vs.56-90%) compared to those obtained by the use of ILs containing [OAc] super(-) anions. Measurements of the Kamlet-Taft parameters using a series of dyes indicated a greater hydrogen bond basicity for the ILs with [Lys] super(-) anions as compared to acetate ILs. To understand the effective delignification ability of lysinate-based ILs, interaction energies of individual ions and ion pairs with a model dilignol substrate were determined by quantum chemical calculations. The results show that the addition of antisolvent significantly influenced the interaction energies governing lignin removal during the process. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Sun, Ning AU - Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan AU - Socha, Aaron M AU - Shi, Jian AU - Zhang, Sonny AU - Stavila, Vitalie AU - Sale, Kenneth L AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Deconstruction Division; Joint BioEnergy Institute; Emeryville; CA; USA; +1-925-294-4551; , seesing@sandia.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 2546 EP - 2557 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Ions KW - Anions KW - Cellulose KW - Glucose KW - Solvents KW - Sustainable development KW - Hydrogen KW - Panicum KW - Cations KW - Dyes KW - Energy KW - Green development KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524415174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Understanding+pretreatment+efficacy+of+four+cholinium+and+imidazolium+ionic+liquids+by+chemistry+and+computation&rft.au=Sun%2C+Ning%3BParthasarathi%2C+Ramakrishnan%3BSocha%2C+Aaron+M%3BShi%2C+Jian%3BZhang%2C+Sonny%3BStavila%2C+Vitalie%3BSale%2C+Kenneth+L%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Ning&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Anions; Dyes; Cations; Energy; Cellulose; Green development; Solvents; Glucose; Sustainable development; Hydrogen; Panicum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3gc42401d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expansion of Urease- and Uricase-Containing, Indole- and p-Cresol-Forming and Contraction of Short-Chain Fatty Acid-Producing Intestinal Microbiota in ESRD AN - 1524398217; 19642362 AB - Background: Intestinal microbiome constitutes a symbiotic ecosystem that is essential for health, and changes in its composition/function cause various illnesses. Biochemical milieu shapes the structure and function of the microbiome. Recently, we found marked differences in the abundance of numerous bacterial taxa between ESRD and healthy individuals. Influx of urea and uric acid and dietary restriction of fruits and vegetables to prevent hyperkalemia alter ESRD patients' intestinal milieu. We hypothesized that relative abundances of bacteria possessing urease, uricase, and p-cresol- and indole-producing enzymes is increased, while abundance of bacteria containing enzymes converting dietary fiber to short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) is reduced in ESRD. Methods: Reference sets of bacteria containing genes of interest were compiled to family, and sets of intestinal bacterial families showing differential abundances between 12 healthy and 24 ESRD individuals enrolled in our original study were compiled. Overlap between sets was assessed using hypergeometric distribution tests. Results: Among 19 microbial families that were dominant in ESRD patients, 12 possessed urease, 5 possessed uricase, and 4 possessed indole and p-cresol-forming enzymes. Among 4 microbial families that were diminished in ESRD patients, 2 possessed butyrate-forming enzymes. Probabilities of these overlapping distributions were <0.05. Conclusions: ESRD patients exhibited significant expansion of bacterial families possessing urease, uricase, and indole and p-cresol forming enzymes, and contraction of families possessing butyrate-forming enzymes. Given the deleterious effects of indoxyl sulfate, p-cresol sulfate, and urea-derived ammonia, and beneficial actions of SCFA, these changes in intestinal microbial metabolism contribute to uremic toxicity and inflammation. copyright 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel JF - American Journal of Nephrology AU - Wong, Jakk AU - Piceno, Yvette M AU - DeSantis, Todd Z AU - Pahl, Madeleine AU - Andersen, Gary L AU - Vaziri, Nosratola D AD - Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif. Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 230 EP - 237 PB - S. Karger AG, P.O. Box Basel CH-4009 Switzerland VL - 39 IS - 3 SN - 0250-8095, 0250-8095 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Vegetables KW - Dietary restrictions KW - Abundance KW - Hyperkalemia KW - Urease KW - Enzymes KW - Urea KW - Toxicity KW - Sulfate KW - p-Cresol KW - Intestinal microflora KW - Urate oxidase KW - Indole KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Dietary fiber KW - Fatty acids KW - Intestine KW - Metabolism KW - Uric acid KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524398217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Nephrology&rft.atitle=Expansion+of+Urease-+and+Uricase-Containing%2C+Indole-+and+p-Cresol-Forming+and+Contraction+of+Short-Chain+Fatty+Acid-Producing+Intestinal+Microbiota+in+ESRD&rft.au=Wong%2C+Jakk%3BPiceno%2C+Yvette+M%3BDeSantis%2C+Todd+Z%3BPahl%2C+Madeleine%3BAndersen%2C+Gary+L%3BVaziri%2C+Nosratola+D&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Jakk&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Nephrology&rft.issn=02508095&rft_id=info:doi/10.1159%2F000360010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vegetables; Dietary restrictions; Abundance; Enzymes; Urease; Hyperkalemia; Urea; Toxicity; Sulfate; p-Cresol; Intestinal microflora; Urate oxidase; Structure-function relationships; Indole; Dietary fiber; Intestine; Fatty acids; Metabolism; Uric acid DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000360010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of a Planctomycetal Organelle: a Novel Bacterial Microcompartment for the Aerobic Degradation of Plant Saccharides AN - 1516766209; 19446475 AB - Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are organelles that encapsulate functionally linked enzymes within a proteinaceous shell. The prototypical example is the carboxysome, which functions in carbon fixation in cyanobacteria and some chemoautotrophs. It is increasingly apparent that diverse heterotrophic bacteria contain BMCs that are involved in catabolic reactions, and many of the BMCs are predicted to have novel functions. However, most of these putative organelles have not been experimentally characterized. In this study, we sought to discover the function of a conserved BMC gene cluster encoded in the majority of the sequenced planctomycete genomes. This BMC is especially notable for its relatively simple genetic composition, its remote phylogenetic position relative to characterized BMCs, and its apparent exclusivity to the enigmatic Verrucomicrobia and Planctomycetes. Members of the phylum Planctomycetes are known for their morphological dissimilarity to the rest of the bacterial domain: internal membranes, reproduction by budding, and lack of peptidoglycan. As a result, they are ripe for many discoveries, but currently the tools for genetic studies are very limited. We expanded the genetic toolbox for the planctomycetes and generated directed gene knockouts of BMC-related genes in Planctomyces limnophilus. A metabolic activity screen revealed that BMC gene products are involved in the degradation of a number of plant and algal cell wall sugars. Among these sugars, we confirmed that BMCs are formed and required for growth on l-fucose and l-rhamnose. Our results shed light on the functional diversity of BMCs as well as their ecological role in the planctomycetes, which are commonly associated with algae. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Erbilgin, Onur AU - McDonald, Kent L AU - Kerfeld, Cheryl A AD - Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA, ckerfeld@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 2193 EP - 2205 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 80 IS - 7 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Phylogeny KW - Genomes KW - Bacteria KW - Sugar KW - L-fucose KW - L-Rhamnose KW - peptidoglycans KW - Enzymes KW - Planctomyces KW - Planctomycetes KW - Cyanobacteria KW - Verrucomicrobia KW - Limnophilus KW - Gene clusters KW - Bone mineral content KW - Heterotrophic bacteria KW - Reproduction KW - Shells KW - Organelles KW - Cell walls KW - Carbon fixation KW - Algae KW - Budding KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - K 03450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1516766209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+a+Planctomycetal+Organelle%3A+a+Novel+Bacterial+Microcompartment+for+the+Aerobic+Degradation+of+Plant+Saccharides&rft.au=Erbilgin%2C+Onur%3BMcDonald%2C+Kent+L%3BKerfeld%2C+Cheryl+A&rft.aulast=Erbilgin&rft.aufirst=Onur&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.03887-13 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 89 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Phylogeny; Sugar; L-fucose; L-Rhamnose; Enzymes; peptidoglycans; Gene clusters; Bone mineral content; Heterotrophic bacteria; Reproduction; Shells; Organelles; Budding; Algae; Carbon fixation; Cell walls; Planctomycetes; Planctomyces; Bacteria; Cyanobacteria; Verrucomicrobia; Limnophilus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03887-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - When interflow also percolates; downslope travel distances and hillslope process zones AN - 1529795569; 2014-035067 JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Jackson, C Rhett AU - Bitew, Menberu AU - Du, Enhao Y1 - 2014/03/30/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 30 SP - 3195 EP - 3200 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, New York, NY VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - slopes KW - infiltration KW - Darcy's law KW - fluid flow KW - percolation KW - mathematical models KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - layered materials KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529795569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=When+interflow+also+percolates%3B+downslope+travel+distances+and+hillslope+process+zones&rft.au=Jackson%2C+C+Rhett%3BBitew%2C+Menberu%3BDu%2C+Enhao&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-03-30&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.10158 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/4125 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Darcy's law; fluid flow; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; infiltration; layered materials; mathematical models; percolation; slopes; soils DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10158 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Fast Algorithm for Invasion Percolation AN - 1832660444; 691393-9 AB - We present a computationally fast Invasion Percolation (IP) algorithm. IP is a numerical approach for generating realistic fluid distributions for quasi-static (i.e., slow) immiscible fluid invasion in porous media. The algorithm proposed here uses a binary-tree data structure to identify the site (pore) connected to the invasion cluster that is the next to be invaded. Gravity is included. Trapping is not explicitly treated in the numerical examples but can be added, for example, using a Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm. Computation time to percolation for a 3D system having (sub InlineEquation ... (super total sites and (sub InlineEquation ... (super invaded sites at percolation goes as (sub InlineEquation ... (super for the proposed binary-tree algorithm and as (sub InlineEquation ... (super for a standard implementation of IP that searches through all of the uninvaded sites at each step. The relation between (sub InlineEquation ... (super and (sub InlineEquation ... (super is (sub InlineEquation ... (super , where (sub InlineEquation ... (super is the fractal dimension of an infinite cluster and (sub InlineEquation ... (super is Euclidean space dimension. In numerical practice, on finite-sized cubic lattices with invasion structures influenced by the injection boundary and boundary conditions lateral to the flow direction, we observe the scaling (sub InlineEquation ... (super in 3D (valid through the second decimal place) instead of (sub InlineEquation ... (super based on the infinite cluster fractal dimension (sub InlineEquation ... (super . Copyright 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht (outside the USA) JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Masson, Yder AU - Pride, Steven R Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 301 EP - 312 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 102 IS - 2 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832660444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=A+Fast+Algorithm+for+Invasion+Percolation&rft.au=Masson%2C+Yder%3BPride%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Masson&rft.aufirst=Yder&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0277-8 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0277-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An approach for modeling rock discontinuous mechanical behavior under multiphase fluid flow conditions AN - 1832655820; 766785-17 AB - In this paper, the two computer codes TOUGH2 and RDCA (for "rock discontinuous cellular automaton") are integrated for coupled hydromechanical analysis of multiphase fluid flow and discontinuous mechanical behavior in heterogeneous rock. TOUGH2 is a well-established code for geohydrological analysis involving multiphase, multicomponent fluid flow and heat transport; RDCA is a numerical model developed for simulating the nonlinear and discontinuous geomechanical behavior of rock. The RDCA incorporates the discontinuity of a fracture independently of the mesh, such that the fracture can be arbitrarily located within an element, while the fluid pressure calculated by TOUGH2 can be conveniently applied to fracture surfaces. We verify and demonstrate the coupled TOUGH-RDCA simulator by modeling a number of simulation examples related to coupled multiphase flow and geomechanical processes associated with the deep geological storage of carbon dioxide-including modeling of ground surface uplift, stress-dependent permeability, and the coupled multiphase flow and geomechanical behavior of fractures intersecting the caprock. Copyright 2013 Springer-Verlag Wien JF - Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering AU - Pan, Pengzhi AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Feng, Xiating AU - Yan, Fei Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 589 EP - 603 PB - Springer-Verlag, Vienna - New York VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0723-2632, 0723-2632 KW - sedimentary cover KW - models KW - sedimentary rocks KW - shear stress KW - numerical analysis KW - injection KW - fracturing KW - reservoir rocks KW - discontinuous materials KW - carbon dioxide KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832655820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.atitle=An+approach+for+modeling+rock+discontinuous+mechanical+behavior+under+multiphase+fluid+flow+conditions&rft.au=Pan%2C+Pengzhi%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BFeng%2C+Xiating%3BYan%2C+Fei&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Pengzhi&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.issn=07232632&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00603-013-0428-1 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101578/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - RMREDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; discontinuous materials; fracturing; injection; models; numerical analysis; reservoir rocks; sedimentary cover; sedimentary rocks; shear stress DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-013-0428-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gaining insights into reactive fluid-fractured rock systems using the temporal moments of a tracer breakthrough curve AN - 1800392691; 2016-054662 AB - In this paper, we show that the tracer breakthrough curves (BTCs), when the tracer chemically interacts with the solid matrix of a fractured rock, are considerably different than when it does not. Of particular interest, is the presence of a long pseudo steady state zone in the BTCs, where the tracer concentration is more or less constant over a long period of time. However, such a zone of constant concentration is not visible when either the tracer does not interact with the solid, or does so at an extremely fast rate. We show that these characteristics of the BTCs could be correlated to the parameters of the system. We develop expressions for the mean residence time and its variance for a chemically active and inactive tracer. We show that chemical interaction between the tracer and the solid increases the mean residence time and the increase depends on the distribution coefficient. We also show that the variance of residence time for a chemically active tracer is much larger than that for an inactive tracer, and it depends on both the distribution coefficient and the rate of chemical reaction. We verify these calculations against synthetic tracer BTCs, where the temporal moments are calculated by numerically integrating the tracer evolution curves. Even though we developed the mathematical expressions assuming an idealized fracture-matrix system, we believe that the mathematical expressions developed in this paper can be useful in gaining insights into reactive transport in a real fractured rock system. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Mukhopadhyay, Sumit AU - Liu, H H AU - Spycher, N AU - Kennedy, B M Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 23 EP - 37 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 158 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - numerical analysis KW - pollution KW - fluid phase KW - correlation KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - residence time KW - mathematical methods KW - tracers KW - theoretical models KW - reservoir properties KW - temporal distribution KW - water pollution KW - synthetic materials KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800392691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Examining+the+root+exudate-induced+cycling+of+reactive+manganese+species+in+the+rhizosphere&rft.au=Keiluweit%2C+Marco%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BBougoure%2C+Jeremy%3BPett-Ridge%2C+Jennifer%3BKleber%2C+Markus%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Keiluweit&rft.aufirst=Marco&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1926&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - correlation; experimental studies; fluid phase; fractured materials; ground water; mathematical methods; numerical analysis; pollutants; pollution; reactivity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; residence time; solute transport; synthetic materials; temporal distribution; theoretical models; tracers; transport; water pollution; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.12.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geomechanical modeling of frequency-magnitude distributions of induced seismicity AN - 1800392550; 2016-054823 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Bachmann, C E AU - Wiemer, Stefan AU - Goertz-Allmann, Bettina P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 521 EP - 522 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - monitoring KW - geologic hazards KW - magnitude KW - prediction KW - frequency KW - models KW - seismicity KW - seismic risk KW - natural hazards KW - risk assessment KW - induced earthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800392550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Geomechanical+modeling+of+frequency-magnitude+distributions+of+induced+seismicity&rft.au=Bachmann%2C+C+E%3BWiemer%2C+Stefan%3BGoertz-Allmann%2C+Bettina+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seismological Society of America 2014 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - earthquakes; frequency; geologic hazards; induced earthquakes; magnitude; models; monitoring; natural hazards; prediction; risk assessment; seismic risk; seismicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small dose rate changes significantly affect the magnitude of cellular signaling in response to high LET exposure AN - 1765942642; PQ0002617208 AB - The purpose of this study was to determine whether small differences in dose rate influence cellular response following radiation exposure. Astronauts will receive chronic low-dose exposure to charged particles during space travel. Estimating the relative risk for carcinogenesis from high LET (linear energy transfer) exposures and identifying ways to mitigate these risks are key to ensuring the future safety of astronauts. Normal human primary mammary epithelial and fibroblast cells were initiated 1 week prior to X-ray or Fe 1000 MeV/u exposure. The mean fold induction of pATF2 fluorescence in cells in the G1 phase of cell cycle was determined relative to control samples. The phospho-signaling profile for a key DNA damage-response protein, pATF2, was measured at both early and late (0.5-24 h) time points. Our studies reveal that even small dose rate changes show significant differences in terms of the levels of phospho-protein induction. Cell type is a major determinate in this effect, and could predict the late consequences of exposure. JF - Journal of Radiation Research AU - Sridharan, D M AU - Roppel, R D AU - Chan, R AU - Wilson, W C AU - Whalen, M K AU - Chappell, L J AU - Pluth, J M AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, 717 Potter Street, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA, jmpluth@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - i75 EP - i76 PB - Japan Science and Technology Agency VL - 55 SN - 0449-3060, 0449-3060 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - mammary epithelial KW - phospho-protein signaling KW - ATF2 KW - genomic instability KW - cancer risk KW - Travel KW - Fluorescence KW - Radiation KW - Energy transfer KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Safety KW - DNA KW - Proteins KW - Particulates KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765942642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Radiation+Research&rft.atitle=Small+dose+rate+changes+significantly+affect+the+magnitude+of+cellular+signaling+in+response+to+high+LET+exposure&rft.au=Sridharan%2C+D+M%3BRoppel%2C+R+D%3BChan%2C+R%3BWilson%2C+W+C%3BWhalen%2C+M+K%3BChappell%2C+L+J%3BPluth%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Sridharan&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=&rft.spage=i75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Radiation+Research&rft.issn=04493060&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fjrr%2Frrt203 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Travel; Fluorescence; Radiation; Energy transfer; Safety; Carcinogenesis; DNA; Proteins; Particulates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrt203 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genotoxicity of charged particles of importance in space flight using murine kidney epithelial cells AN - 1765942126; PQ0002617209 AB - Ionizing radiation presents significant challenges for human space flight including an increased cancer risk. High-energy heavy ions in the galactic cosmic radiation can produce qualitative and quantitative differences in biological effects when compared with sparsely ionizing radiations. Mutations are induced by charged particle exposure and are integral to the formation and/or progression of human cancers. Here, a combined in vitro/in vivo approach was used to evaluate cell killing and the induction of mutations at a model autosomal locus, Aprt, in mouse kidney epithelium. For in vitro exposures, Aprt heterozygous kidney cells (clones 1a, 4a or 6a) were used from C57BL/6xDBA/2 mice. Both males and females were irradiated in approximately equal numbers. Irradiations were performed at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratories at Brookhaven National Laboratory. For in vitro studies, cells from primary kidney clones were irradiated and seeded at limiting dilution immediately post-irradiation to determine the toxicity of the treatment. Additional studies are ongoing to define mutational spectra following Si ion exposure to kidney epithelium in vivo. JF - Journal of Radiation Research AU - Kronenberg, Amy AU - Gauny, Stacey AU - Grossi, Gianfranco AU - Dan, Cristian AU - Grygoryev, Dmytro AU - Turker, Mitchell AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, a_kronenberg@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - i77 EP - i78 PB - Japan Science and Technology Agency VL - 55 SN - 0449-3060, 0449-3060 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - charged particles KW - heavy ions KW - mutation KW - cell killing KW - epithelium KW - Ions KW - Genotoxicity KW - Mice KW - Particulates KW - Toxicity KW - Cancer KW - Health risks KW - Biological effects KW - Radiation KW - Irradiation KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Cosmic radiation KW - Kidney KW - Mutation KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765942126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Molecular+dynamics+simulations+of+the+three-layer+hydrate+in+smectites%3B+a+sensitivity+analysis&rft.au=Holmboe%2C+Michael%3BBourg%2C+Ian+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Holmboe&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Genotoxicity; Mice; Toxicity; Particulates; Cancer; Health risks; Radiation; Biological effects; Ionizing radiation; Irradiation; Cosmic radiation; Kidney; Mutation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrt191 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protocol and best practices for addressing induced seismicity associated with Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) AN - 1756506425; 2015-120576 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Majer, E AU - Nelson, J AU - Robertson-Tait, A AU - Savy, J AU - Wong, Ivan Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 465 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - geothermal systems KW - geologic hazards KW - seismicity KW - public awareness KW - practice KW - seismic risk KW - natural hazards KW - risk assessment KW - induced earthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756506425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Protocol+and+best+practices+for+addressing+induced+seismicity+associated+with+Enhanced+Geothermal+Systems+%28EGS%29&rft.au=Majer%2C+E%3BNelson%2C+J%3BRobertson-Tait%2C+A%3BSavy%2C+J%3BWong%2C+Ivan&rft.aulast=Majer&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2014 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - earthquakes; geologic hazards; geothermal systems; induced earthquakes; natural hazards; practice; public awareness; risk assessment; seismic risk; seismicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tropical forest carbon balance: effects of field- and satellite-based mortality regimes on the dynamics and the spatial structure of Central Amazon forest biomass AN - 1705078210; PQ0001831856 AB - Debate continues over the adequacy of existing field plots to sufficiently capture Amazon forest dynamics to estimate regional forest carbon balance. Tree mortality dynamics are particularly uncertain due to the difficulty of observing large, infrequent disturbances. A recent paper (Chambers et al 2013 Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 110 3949-54) reported that Central Amazon plots missed 9-17% of tree mortality, and here we address 'why' by elucidating two distinct mortality components: (1) variation in annual landscape-scale average mortality and (2) the frequency distribution of the size of clustered mortality events. Using a stochastic-empirical tree growth model we show that a power law distribution of event size (based on merged plot and satellite data) is required to generate spatial clustering of mortality that is consistent with forest gap observations. We conclude that existing plots do not sufficiently capture losses because their placement, size, and longevity assume spatially random mortality, while mortality is actually distributed among differently sized events (clusters of dead trees) that determine the spatial structure of forest canopies. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Di Vittorio, Alan V AU - Negron-Juarez, Robinson I AU - Higuchi, Niro AU - Chambers, Jeffrey Q AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, One Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 84R0171, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, avdivittorio@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Amazon KW - Biomass KW - Forest KW - mortality KW - power law KW - Mortality KW - Tropical forests KW - Forest biomass KW - South America, Amazon R. KW - Trees KW - Tropical environments KW - Remote sensing KW - Forests KW - Canopies KW - Satellites KW - Longevity KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705078210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Tropical+forest+carbon+balance%3A+effects+of+field-+and+satellite-based+mortality+regimes+on+the+dynamics+and+the+spatial+structure+of+Central+Amazon+forest+biomass&rft.au=Di+Vittorio%2C+Alan+V%3BNegron-Juarez%2C+Robinson+I%3BHiguchi%2C+Niro%3BChambers%2C+Jeffrey+Q&rft.aulast=Di+Vittorio&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F9%2F3%2F034010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Tropical forests; Forest biomass; Trees; Tropical environments; Remote sensing; Forests; Canopies; Satellites; Longevity; South America, Amazon R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/3/034010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Analytical Spectroscopy: an Evolution to High-Throughput Techniques AN - 1671553866; 19362971 AB - Lignocellulosic biomass has been proposed as an option for reducing global dependence on nonrenewable energy sources, such as oil. Selection and development of biomass feedstocks that efficiently yield the maximum fuel or biomaterial requires the availability of reliable methods for compositional and structural characterization of plant material. Many standard methods for biomass analysis are laborious and slow, and employ a variety of harsh reagents requiring some degree of remediation. The use of simpler and more rapid spectroscopic methods has proved invaluable in analyzing biomass. In the twenty-first century, researchers have employed techniques such as Raman, mid-infrared, and near-infrared spectroscopy for a wide range of applications in endeavors to further understand biofuel feedstocks. While many methods remain time consuming and expensive, a growing interest in high-throughput spectroscopic techniques has provided faster and larger scale feedstock screening for desirable traits. This review seeks to provide an overview of both high-throughput techniques and those requiring longer analysis times but still providing abundant qualitative and quantitative data. While applications of these instrumental methods have been researched for decades, more recent developments will be discussed here. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Lupoi, Jason S AU - Singh, Seema AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Henry, Robert J AD - Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4072 jslupoi@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - Mar 2014 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Assessments KW - Surgical implants KW - Fuels KW - Remediation KW - Spectroscopy KW - Feedstock KW - Biomass KW - Lignocellulose UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671553866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+Lignocellulosic+Biomass+Using+Analytical+Spectroscopy%3A+an+Evolution+to+High-Throughput+Techniques&rft.au=Lupoi%2C+Jason+S%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BHenry%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Lupoi&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-013-9352-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 283 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-013-9352-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soiling of building envelope surfaces and its effect on solar reflectance - Part II: Development of an accelerated aging method for roofing materials AN - 1642223606; 19900920 AB - Highly reflective roofs can decrease the energy required for building air conditioning, help mitigate the urban heat island effect, and slow global warming. However, these benefits are diminished by soiling and weathering processes that reduce the solar reflectance of most roofing materials. Soiling results from the deposition of atmospheric particulate matter and the growth of microorganisms, each of which absorb sunlight. Weathering of materials occurs with exposure to water, sunlight, and high temperatures. This study developed an accelerated aging method that incorporates features of soiling and weathering. The method sprays a calibrated aqueous soiling mixture of dust minerals, black carbon, humic acid, and salts onto preconditioned coupons of roofing materials, then subjects the soiled coupons to cycles of ultraviolet radiation, heat and water in a commercial weatherometer. Three soiling mixtures were optimized to reproduce the site-specific solar spectral reflectance features of roofing products exposed for 3 years in a hot and humid climate (Miami, Florida); a hot and dry climate (Phoenix, Arizona); and a polluted atmosphere in a temperate climate (Cleveland, Ohio). A fourth mixture was designed to reproduce the three-site average values of solar reflectance and thermal emittance attained after 3 years of natural exposure, which the Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC) uses to rate roofing products sold in the US. This accelerated aging method was applied to 25 products-single ply membranes, factory and field applied coatings, tiles, modified bitumen cap sheets, and asphalt shingles-and reproduced in 3 days the CRRC's 3-year aged values of solar reflectance. This accelerated aging method can be used to speed the evaluation and rating of new cool roofing materials. JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells AU - Sleiman, Mohamad AU - Kirchstetter, Thomas W AU - Berdahl, Paul AU - Gilbert, Haley E AU - Quelen, Sarah AU - Marlot, Lea AU - Preble, Chelsea V AU - Chen, Sharon AU - Montalbano, Amandine AU - Rosseler, Olivier AU - Akbari, Hashem AU - Levinson, Ronnen AU - Destaillats, Hugo AD - Heat Island Group, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - Mar 2014 SP - 271 EP - 281 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 122 SN - 0927-0248, 0927-0248 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Cool roofs KW - Soiling KW - Weathering KW - Natural exposure KW - Accelerated aging KW - Soot KW - Roofing materials KW - Reflectance KW - Reflectivity KW - Ratings KW - Climate KW - Sunlight KW - Roofing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642223606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Solar+Energy+Materials+and+Solar+Cells&rft.atitle=Soiling+of+building+envelope+surfaces+and+its+effect+on+solar+reflectance+-+Part+II%3A+Development+of+an+accelerated+aging+method+for+roofing+materials&rft.au=Sleiman%2C+Mohamad%3BKirchstetter%2C+Thomas+W%3BBerdahl%2C+Paul%3BGilbert%2C+Haley+E%3BQuelen%2C+Sarah%3BMarlot%2C+Lea%3BPreble%2C+Chelsea+V%3BChen%2C+Sharon%3BMontalbano%2C+Amandine%3BRosseler%2C+Olivier%3BAkbari%2C+Hashem%3BLevinson%2C+Ronnen%3BDestaillats%2C+Hugo&rft.aulast=Sleiman&rft.aufirst=Mohamad&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Solar+Energy+Materials+and+Solar+Cells&rft.issn=09270248&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.solmat.2013.11.028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2013.11.028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of natural titanomagnetites (Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) ) for studying heterogeneous electron transfer to Tc(VII) in the Hanford subsurface AN - 1560087221; 2014-065712 AB - Sediments with basaltic provenance, such as those at the Hanford nuclear reservation, Washington, USA, are rich in Fe-bearing minerals of mixed valence. These minerals are redox reactive with aqueous O (sub 2) or Fe(II), and have the potential to react with important environmental contaminants including Tc. Here we isolate, identify and characterize natural Fe(II)/Fe(III)-bearing microparticles from Hanford sediments, develop synthetic analogues and investigate their batch redox reactivity with aqueous Tc(VII). Natural Fe-rich mineral samples were isolated by magnetic separation from sediments collected at several locations on Hanford's central plateau. This magnetic mineral fraction was found to represent up to 1 wt% of the total sediment, and be composed of 90% magnetite with minor ilmenite and hematite, as determined by X-ray diffraction. The magnetite contained variable amounts of transition metals consistent with alio- and isovalent metal substitutions for Fe. X-ray microprobe analysis showed that Ti was the most significant substituent, and that these grains could be described with the titanomagnetite formula Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) , which falls between endmember magnetite (x=0) and ulvospinel (x=1). The dominant composition was determined to be x=0.15 by chemical analysis and electron probe microanalysis in the bulk, and by L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at the surface. Site-level characterization of the titanomagnetites by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism showed that despite native oxidation, octahedral Fe(II) was detectable within 5 nm of the mineral surface. By testing the effect of contact with oxic Hanford and Ringold groundwaters to reduced Ringold groundwater, it was found that the concentration of this near-surface structural Fe(II) was strongly dependent on aqueous redox condition. This highlights the potential for restoring reducing equivalents and thus reduction capacity to oxidized Fe-mineral surfaces through redox cycling in the natural environment. Reaction of these magnetically-separated natural phases from Hanford sediments with a solution containing 10mu M Tc(VII) showed that they were able to reductively immobilize Tc(VII) with concurrent oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) at the mineral surface, as were synthetic x=0.15 microparticle and nanoparticle analogue phases. When differences in the particle surface area to solution volume ratio were taken into consideration, measured Tc(VII) reduction rates for Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) (x=0.15) natural material, synthetic bulk powder and nanoparticles scaled systematically, suggesting possible utility for comprehensive batch and flow reactivity studies. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Pearce, Carolyn I AU - Liu, J AU - Baer, D R AU - Qafoku, O AU - Heald, Steve M AU - Arenholz, E AU - Grosz, A E AU - McKinley, J P AU - Resch, C T AU - Bowden, M E AU - Engelhard, M H AU - Rosso, K M Y1 - 2014/03/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 01 SP - 114 EP - 127 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 128 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - volcanic rocks KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - environmental analysis KW - titanomagnetite KW - ground water KW - electron probe data KW - XANES spectra KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - basalts KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - electrons KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - X-ray spectra KW - Tertiary KW - soil pollution KW - Neogene KW - EXAFS data KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560087221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+natural+titanomagnetites+%28Fe+%28sub+3-x%29+Ti+%28sub+x%29+O+%28sub+4%29+%29+for+studying+heterogeneous+electron+transfer+to+Tc%28VII%29+in+the+Hanford+subsurface&rft.au=Pearce%2C+Carolyn+I%3BLiu%2C+J%3BBaer%2C+D+R%3BQafoku%2C+O%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BArenholz%2C+E%3BGrosz%2C+A+E%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BResch%2C+C+T%3BBowden%2C+M+E%3BEngelhard%2C+M+H%3BRosso%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Pearce&rft.aufirst=Carolyn&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.12.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; Cenozoic; chemical composition; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; electron probe data; electrons; environmental analysis; EXAFS data; ground water; Hanford Site; igneous rocks; isotopes; Neogene; oxides; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; Ringold Formation; sediments; SEM data; soil pollution; solute transport; spectra; Tertiary; titanomagnetite; transport; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; water pollution; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray photoelectron spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.12.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical and mineralogical investigation of uranium in multi-element contaminated, organic-rich subsurface sediment AN - 1560081991; 2014-065784 AB - Subsurface regions of alluvial sediments characterized by an abundance of refractory or lignitic organic carbon compounds and reduced Fe and S bearing minerals, which are referred to as naturally reduced zones (NRZ), are present at the Integrated Field Research Challenge site in Rifle, CO (a former U mill site), and other contaminated subsurface sites. A study was conducted to demonstrate that the NRZ contains a variety of contaminants and unique minerals and potential contaminant hosts, investigate micron-scale spatial association of U with other co-contaminants, and determine solid phase-bounded U valence state and phase identity. The NRZ sediment had significant solid phase concentrations of U and other co-contaminants suggesting competing sorption reactions and complex temporal variations in dissolved contaminant concentrations in response to transient redox conditions, compared to single contaminant systems. The NRZ sediment had a remarkable assortment of potential contaminant hosts, such as Fe oxides, siderite, Fe(II) bearing clays, rare solids such as ZnS framboids and CuSe, and, potentially, chemically complex sulfides. Micron-scale inspections of the solid phase showed that U was spatially associated with other co-contaminants. High concentration, multi-contaminant, micron size (ca. 5-30mu m) areas of mainly U(IV) (53-100%) which occurred as biogenic UO (sub 2) (82%), or biomass - bound monomeric U(IV) (18%), were discovered within the sediment matrix confirming that biotically induced reduction and subsequent sequestration of contaminant U(VI) via natural attenuation occurred in this NRZ. A combination of assorted solid phase species and an abundance of redox-sensitive constituents may slow U(IV) oxidation rates, effectively enhancing the stability of U(IV) sequestered via natural attenuation, impeding rapid U flushing, and turning NRZs into sinks and long-term, slow-release sources of U contamination to groundwater. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Qafoku, Nikolla P AU - Gartman, Brandy N AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Arey, Bruce W AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Mouser, Paula J AU - Heald, Steve M AU - Bargar, John R AU - Janot, Noemie AU - Yabusaki, Steve AU - Long, Philip E Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 77 EP - 85 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 42 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - biomass KW - XANES spectra KW - Rifle Colorado KW - naturally reduced zones KW - mineral composition KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - chemical composition KW - Eh KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - X-ray spectra KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - energy dispersive spectra KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - sulfides KW - actinides KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560081991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Geochemical+and+mineralogical+investigation+of+uranium+in+multi-element+contaminated%2C+organic-rich+subsurface+sediment&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+Nikolla+P%3BGartman%2C+Brandy+N%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BArey%2C+Bruce+W%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BMouser%2C+Paula+J%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BJanot%2C+Noemie%3BYabusaki%2C+Steve%3BLong%2C+Philip+E&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=Nikolla&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2013.12.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; biomass; chemical composition; Colorado; Eh; energy dispersive spectra; EXAFS data; Garfield County Colorado; isotopes; metals; mineral composition; Mossbauer spectra; naturally reduced zones; organic compounds; oxides; pollutants; pollution; reduction; Rifle Colorado; sediments; SEM data; spectra; sulfides; United States; uranium; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.12.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and application of a statistical methodology to evaluate the predictive accuracy of building energy baseline models AN - 1551618179; 20284012 AB - This paper documents the development and application of a general statistical methodology to assess the accuracy of baseline energy models, focusing on its application to M&V (measurement and verification) of whole-building energy savings. The methodology complements the principles addressed in resources such as ASHRAE Guideline 14 and the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol. It requires fitting a baseline model to data from a "training period" and using the model to predict total electricity consumption during a subsequent "prediction period." We illustrate the methodology by evaluating five baseline models using data from 29 buildings. The training period and prediction period were varied, and model predictions of daily, weekly, and monthly energy consumption were compared to meter data to determine model accuracy. Several metrics were used to characterize the accuracy of the predictions, and in some cases the best-performing model as judged by one metric was not the best performer when judged by another metric. JF - Energy AU - Granderson, Jessica AU - Price, Phillip N AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, JGranderson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/03/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 01 SP - 981 EP - 990 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 66 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Baseline model KW - Prediction KW - Measurement and verification KW - Energy savings KW - Performance accuracy KW - Whole-Building energy KW - Training KW - Energy KW - Guidelines KW - Energy conservation KW - Energy consumption KW - Buildings KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1551618179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Early+Earth+differentiation%3B+before+and+after+Earth+formation&rft.au=Carlson%2C+R+W%3BBoyet%2C+M%3BJackson%2C+M+G%3BO%27Neil%2C+J%3BQin%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Training; Energy; Guidelines; Energy conservation; Energy consumption; Buildings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.074 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moment tensor inversions of M similar to 3 earthquakes in the Geysers geothermal fields, California AN - 1541422569; 19679005 AB - Microearthquakes have come into high public awareness due to being induced by the development and exploitation of enhanced and natural geothermal fields, hydrofracturing, and CO sub(2) sequestration sites. Characterizing and understanding the faulting process of induced earthquakes, which is generally achieved through moment tensor inversion, could both help in risk prediction and in reservoir development monitoring. However, this is a challenging task because of their lower signal-to-noise ratio at frequencies typically used in earthquake source analyses. Therefore, higher-resolution velocity models and modeling of seismic waves at higher frequencies are required. In this study, we examine both the potentials to obtain moment tensor solutions for small earthquakes and the uncertainty of those solutions. We utilize a short-period seismic network located in the Geysers geothermal field in northern California and limit our study to that which would be achieved by industry in a typical reservoir environment. We obtain full moment tensor solutions of M similar to 3 earthquakes using waveform modeling and first-motion inversions. We find that these two data sets give complimentary but yet different solutions. Some earthquakes correspond possibly to complex processes in which both shear and tensile failures occur simultaneously or sequentially. This illuminates the presence of fluids at depth and their role for the generation of these small-magnitude earthquakes. Finally, since first motions are routinely obtained for all magnitude earthquakes, our approach could be extended to small earthquakes where noise level and complex Green's functions prohibit using waveforms in moment tensor inversions. Key Points * Full moment tensor solutions are obtained for M3 earthquakes in Geysers, CA * Waveform and first motion provide complementary information on source * Results inform on source uncertainty and fluid interaction JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - Guilhem, A AU - Hutchings, L AU - Dreger, D S AU - Johnson, L R AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - Mar 2014 SP - 2121 EP - 2137 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 119 IS - 3 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - induced seismicity KW - moment tensor inversion KW - geothermal reservoir KW - non-double-couple earthquake KW - Prediction KW - Earthquakes KW - Reservoir KW - Geysers KW - Hot springs KW - Microearthquakes KW - Networks KW - USA, California KW - Reservoirs KW - Seismic waves KW - Velocity KW - Seismic Waves KW - Inversions KW - Model Studies KW - Signal-to-noise ratio KW - Monitoring KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Hydrothermal fields KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1541422569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=Moment+tensor+inversions+of+M+similar+to+3+earthquakes+in+the+Geysers+geothermal+fields%2C+California&rft.au=Guilhem%2C+A%3BHutchings%2C+L%3BDreger%2C+D+S%3BJohnson%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Guilhem&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=2121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013JB010271 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Earthquakes; Reservoir; Seismic waves; Signal-to-noise ratio; Microearthquakes; Hot springs; Carbon dioxide; Inversions; Hydrothermal fields; Prediction; Networks; Velocity; Geysers; Monitoring; Reservoirs; Seismic Waves; Model Studies; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013JB010271 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Material requirements for membrane separators in a water-splitting photoelectrochemical cell AN - 1516739251; 19503221 AB - A fully integrated model of a photoelectrochemical cell for water electrolysis is applied to the case of light-absorbing particles embedded in a membrane separator. Composition of the product gases is shown to be one critical measure of device performance. Not only must the composition be kept outside the explosive window for mixtures of H sub(2) and O sub(2), but also product purity is a concern. For the absorber-in-membrane geometry and the model assumptions used here, results show purely water-saturated H sub(2) on the cathode side and water-saturated O sub(2) on the anode side. Since it is possible to design devices that violate these assumptions, it should not be assumed that a polymer separator or an absorber-in-membrane geometry will be effective in preventing explosive mixtures in all cases. Net H sub(2) collected, i sub(H2,net), is the second essential performance metric, and it is shown to differ significantly from the more commonly reported total H sub(2) produced and operating current density. Schemes which co-evolve H sub(2) and O sub(2) violate the first metric and do not provide the second. A composite of triple-junction silicon absorbers in a Nafion membrane is shown to have an optimum thickness of 30 mu m, dependent on the properties of the light absorber. Varying membrane properties reveals a tradeoff between conductivity, Kappa sub(m), and gas permeabilities, psi sub(H2) and psi sub(O2), that can potentially be exploited differently than in a fuel cell. Modulating the relative humidity (RH) is insufficient. The maximum i sub(H2,net) is calculated to be 6.97 mA cm super(-2) at RH = 30% relative to a value of 6.92 mA cm super(-2) at RH = 100%. The model identifies target material properties for new polymers. If psi is dropped one order of magnitude below that of Nafion ( psi / psi sub(Nafi on) = 0.1), the optimum value for i sub(H2,net) increases by 63.5%. For psi / psi sub(Nafio n) = 0.01, the optimum i sub(H2,net) increases by 73.5%, which compares favorably to the 74.5% improvement that would result if Nafion were made impermeable ( psi / psi sub(Nafi on) = 0). Meanwhile, Kappa sub(m) can drop to a value of 1.2 10 super(-3) S cm super(-1) (two orders of magnitude below liquid-equilibrated Nafion) with less than a 5% decline in i sub(H2,net). JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Berger, Alan AU - Segalman, R A AU - Newman, J AD - Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis; Materials Sciences Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA; , alanberger@berkeley.edu Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - Mar 2014 SP - 1468 EP - 1476 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Permeability KW - Silicon KW - Membranes KW - Gases KW - Energy KW - Humidity KW - Explosives KW - Particulates KW - Exploitation KW - Polymers KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1516739251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Material+requirements+for+membrane+separators+in+a+water-splitting+photoelectrochemical+cell&rft.au=Berger%2C+Alan%3BSegalman%2C+R+A%3BNewman%2C+J&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1468&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ee43807d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Permeability; Fuel technology; Silicon; Gases; Membranes; Energy; Humidity; Exploitation; Particulates; Explosives; Polymers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ee43807d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Irradiation of Juvenile, but not Adult, Mammary Gland Increases Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Estrogen Receptor Negative Tumors AN - 1505344566; 19327866 AB - Children exposed to ionizing radiation have a substantially greater breast cancer risk than adults; the mechanism for this strong age dependence is not known. Here we show that pubertal murine mammary glands exposed to sparsely or densely ionizing radiation exhibit enrichment of mammary stem cell and Notch pathways, increased mammary repopulating activity indicative of more stem cells, and propensity to develop estrogen receptor (ER) negative tumors thought to arise from stem cells. We developed a mammary lineage agent-based model (ABM) to evaluate cell inactivation, self-renewal, or dedifferentiation via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as mechanisms by which radiation could increase stem cells. ABM rejected cell inactivation and predicted increased self-renewal would only affect juveniles while dedifferentiation could act in both juveniles and adults. To further test self-renewal versus dedifferentiation, we used the MCF10A human mammary epithelial cell line, which recapitulates ductal morphogenesis in humanized fat pads, undergoes EMT in response to radiation and transforming growth factor [beta] (TGF[beta]) and contains rare stem-like cells that are Let-7c negative or express both basal and luminal cytokeratins. ABM simulation of population dynamics of double cytokeratin cells supported increased self-renewal in irradiated MCF10A treated with TGF[beta]. Radiation-induced Notch concomitant with TGF[beta] was necessary for increased self-renewal of Let-7c negative MCF10A cells but not for EMT, indicating that these are independent processes. Consistent with these data, irradiating adult mice did not increase mammary repopulating activity or ER-negative tumors. These studies suggest that irradiation during puberty transiently increases stem cell self-renewal, which increases susceptibility to developing ER-negative breast cancer. Stem Cells 2014; 32:649-661 JF - Stem Cells AU - Tang, Jonathan AU - Fernandez-Garcia, Ignacio AU - Vijayakumar, Sangeetha AU - Martinez-Ruis, Haydeliz AU - Illa-Bochaca, Irineu AU - Nguyen, David H AU - Mao, Jian-Hua AU - Costes, Sylvain V AU - Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley California, USA. Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - Mar 2014 SP - 649 EP - 661 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 1066-5099, 1066-5099 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Age KW - Stem cells KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1505344566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Stem+Cells&rft.atitle=Irradiation+of+Juvenile%2C+but+not+Adult%2C+Mammary+Gland+Increases+Stem+Cell+Self-Renewal+and+Estrogen+Receptor+Negative+Tumors&rft.au=Tang%2C+Jonathan%3BFernandez-Garcia%2C+Ignacio%3BVijayakumar%2C+Sangeetha%3BMartinez-Ruis%2C+Haydeliz%3BIlla-Bochaca%2C+Irineu%3BNguyen%2C+David+H%3BMao%2C+Jian-Hua%3BCostes%2C+Sylvain+V%3BBarcellos-Hoff%2C+Mary+Helen&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Stem+Cells&rft.issn=10665099&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fstem.1533 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Stem cells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stem.1533 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - How Big Is the Fuel Problem and What Could Solve It? T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2014) AN - 1510100054; 6280083 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2014) AU - Greenblatt, Jeffrey Y1 - 2014/02/13/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Feb 13 KW - Fuels UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510100054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2014%29&rft.atitle=How+Big+Is+the+Fuel+Problem+and+What+Could+Solve+It%3F&rft.au=Greenblatt%2C+Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Greenblatt&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2014-02-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2014/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-24 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Materials in Extreme Conditions: Science Across a Range of Facilities T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2014) AN - 1510095761; 6280003 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2014) AU - Falcone, Roger Y1 - 2014/02/13/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Feb 13 KW - Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510095761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2014%29&rft.atitle=Materials+in+Extreme+Conditions%3A+Science+Across+a+Range+of+Facilities&rft.au=Falcone%2C+Roger&rft.aulast=Falcone&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2014-02-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2014/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-24 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Research Challenges Affecting Extreme Events in a Changing Climate T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2014) AN - 1510095473; 6279890 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2014) AU - Wehner, Michael Y1 - 2014/02/13/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Feb 13 KW - Climate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510095473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2014%29&rft.atitle=Research+Challenges+Affecting+Extreme+Events+in+a+Changing+Climate&rft.au=Wehner%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Wehner&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-02-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2014/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-24 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Projected changes in extreme temperature and precipitation in the IPCC AR5 and 3rd US National Climate Assessment T2 - 94th American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting (AMS 2014) AN - 1518614804; 6281739 JF - 94th American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting (AMS 2014) AU - Wehner, Michael Y1 - 2014/02/02/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Feb 02 KW - Temperature effects KW - Rainfall KW - Climatic changes KW - Precipitation KW - Extreme values KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518614804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Surface+modifications+of+comet-exposed+aerogel+from+the+Stardust+cometary+collector&rft.au=Bechtel%2C+Hans+A%3BGainsforth%2C+Zack%3BOgliore%2C+Ryan+C%3BBajt%2C+Sasa%3BWestphal%2C+Andrew+J&rft.aulast=Bechtel&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1945-5100.2012.01399.x L2 - https://ams.confex.com/ams/94Annual/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-23 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of CO sub(2) injection through horizontal and vertical wells on the caprock mechanical stability AN - 1808653496; PQ0003335041 AB - Subsurface injection of carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) may induce large overpressures that may put caprock integrity at risk. This overpressure may induce microseismic events if the rock yields. Yielding of the caprock could open up a leakage path for CO sub(2). Rock mechanical integrity is strongly related to fluid pressure evolution, which is significantly different for vertical and horizontal wells. While CO sub(2) pressure builds up sharply at the beginning of injection, but afterwards drops, when injecting a constant CO sub(2) mass flow rate through a vertical well, a horizontal well leads to a continuous CO sub(2) pressure increase. Thus, for a vertical well, the less stable situation in the saline aquifer occurs at the beginning of injection. However, the changes induced in the effective stress field are small, so unstable conditions are unlikely both in a normal faulting and a reverse faulting stress regimes in extensive saline aquifers such as the one considered in this study. By contrast, fluid pressure becomes larger than that of a vertical well for a common length of horizontal wells (around 2 km), which causes a significant increase in horizontal total stresses that improves the reservoir and caprock mechanical stability in a NF stress regime, but worsens it in a RF stress regime. Though in general the caprock integrity is unlikely to be compromised, fluid pressure evolution should be always monitored and mitigation measures should be carried out if it deviates from its expected evolution. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences AU - Vilarrasa, Victor AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; GHS, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, vvilarrasa@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 151 EP - 159 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 66 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Geologic carbon storage |a MeSH KW - Pressure buildup |a MeSH KW - Hydro-mechanical coupling |a MeSH KW - Induced microseismicity |a MeSH KW - Noordbergum effect |a MeSH KW - Aquifers KW - Hydrological Regime KW - Aquifer KW - Reservoir KW - Stress KW - Horizontal Wells KW - Injection KW - Rock mechanics KW - Rocks KW - Mining KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Environment management KW - Evolution KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808653496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences&rft.atitle=Impact+of+CO+sub%282%29+injection+through+horizontal+and+vertical+wells+on+the+caprock+mechanical+stability&rft.au=Vilarrasa%2C+Victor&rft.aulast=Vilarrasa&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2014.01.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reservoir; Aquifer; Rock mechanics; Mining; Carbon dioxide; Environment management; Aquifers; Hydrological Regime; Rocks; Stress; Horizontal Wells; Injection; Evolution; Carbon Dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.01.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon Flux Explorer; quantifying the composition, vertical distribution, and diurnal variability of sedimentation in the Santa Cruz Basin AN - 1803774203; 2016-059558 JF - Ocean Sciences Meeting AU - Hamilton, C M AU - Bishop, J K AU - Wood, T J AU - Itsweire, Eric AU - Sharp, Jonathan AU - Briscoe, Mel Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 EP - Abstract 17453 PB - American Geophysical Union (AGU), [varies] VL - 17 KW - United States KW - patterns KW - Carbon Flux Explorer KW - sedimentation KW - Santa Cruz Basin KW - observations KW - California KW - spatial distribution KW - spatial variations KW - Southern California KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - diurnal variations KW - organic carbon KW - particles KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803774203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.atitle=Carbon+Flux+Explorer%3B+quantifying+the+composition%2C+vertical+distribution%2C+and+diurnal+variability+of+sedimentation+in+the+Santa+Cruz+Basin&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+C+M%3BBishop%2C+J+K%3BWood%2C+T+J%3BItsweire%2C+Eric%3BSharp%2C+Jonathan%3BBriscoe%2C+Mel&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2014 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - CODEN - #07653 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; carbon; Carbon Flux Explorer; diurnal variations; observations; organic carbon; particles; patterns; quantitative analysis; Santa Cruz Basin; sedimentation; Southern California; spatial distribution; spatial variations; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Substrate-Specific Development of Thermophilic Bacterial Consortia by Using Chemically Pretreated Switchgrass AN - 1642616524; 21154591 AB - Microbial communities that deconstruct plant biomass have broad relevance in biofuel production and global carbon cycling. Biomass pretreatments reduce plant biomass recalcitrance for increased efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. We exploited these chemical pretreatments to study how thermophilic bacterial consortia adapt to deconstruct switchgrass (SG) biomass of various compositions. Microbial communities were adapted to untreated, ammonium fiber expansion (AFEX)-pretreated, and ionic-liquid (IL)-pretreated SG under aerobic, thermophilic conditions using green waste compost as the inoculum to study biomass deconstruction by microbial consortia. After microbial cultivation, gravimetric analysis of the residual biomass demonstrated that both AFEX and IL pretreatment enhanced the deconstruction of the SG biomass approximately 2-fold. Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR) experiments and acetyl bromide-reactive-lignin analysis indicated that polysaccharide hydrolysis was the dominant process occurring during microbial biomass deconstruction, and lignin remaining in the residual biomass was largely unmodified. Small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene amplicon libraries revealed that although the dominant taxa across these chemical pretreatments were consistently represented by members of the Firmicutes, the Bacteroidetes, and Deinococcus-Thermus, the abundance of selected operational taxonomic units (OTUs) varied, suggesting adaptations to the different substrates. Combining the observations of differences in the community structure and the chemical and physical structure of the biomass, we hypothesize specific roles for individual community members in biomass deconstruction. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Eichorst, Stephanie A AU - Joshua, Chijioke AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Singh, Seema AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singer, Steven W AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA, SWSinger@lbl.gov. PY - 2014 SP - 7423 EP - 7432 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 80 IS - 23 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Bacteria KW - Ammonium KW - Adaptations KW - Composts KW - Abundance KW - Wastes KW - Carbon cycle KW - Firmicutes KW - Polysaccharides KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - rRNA KW - Fibers KW - Community structure KW - Lignin KW - Inoculum KW - Plant communities KW - N.M.R. KW - Biofuels KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642616524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Substrate-Specific+Development+of+Thermophilic+Bacterial+Consortia+by+Using+Chemically+Pretreated+Switchgrass&rft.au=Eichorst%2C+Stephanie+A%3BJoshua%2C+Chijioke%3BSathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSinger%2C+Steven+W&rft.aulast=Eichorst&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=7423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02795-14 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ammonium; Adaptations; Composts; Abundance; Carbon cycle; Wastes; Biomass; Polysaccharides; Hydrolysis; Fibers; rRNA; Community structure; Lignin; Plant communities; Inoculum; N.M.R.; Biofuels; Bacteria; Firmicutes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02795-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lignin fate and characterization during ionic liquid biomass pretreatment for renewable chemicals and fuels production AN - 1534822480; 19354179 AB - The fate of lignin from wheat straw, Miscanthus, and Loblolly pine after pretreatment by a non-toxic and recyclable ionic liquid (IL), [C sub(2)mim][OAc], followed by enzymatic hydrolysis was investigated. The lignin partitioned into six process streams, each of which was quantified and analyzed by a combination of a novel solution-state two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method, and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Pretreatment of biomass samples by [C sub(2)mim][OAc] at 120 and 160 degree C enhances hydrolysis rates and enzymatic glucan digestions compared to those of untreated biomass samples. Lignin partitioning into the different streams can be controlled by altering the ionic liquid pre-treatment conditions, with higher temperatures favoring higher lignin partitioning to the IL stream. 2D NMR bond abundance data and SEC results reveal that lignin is depolymerized during ionic liquid pretreatment, and lignin of different molecular masses can be isolated in the different process streams. SEC suggested that higher molecular mass lignin was precipitated from the ionic liquid, leaving smaller molecular mass lignin in solution for further extraction. Lignin obtained as a residue of enzymatic hydrolysis contained the highest molecular mass molecules, similar in structure to the control lignin. The results suggest that isolated lignins viaIL pretreatment from all three feedstocks were both depolymerized and did not contain new condensed structures. This finding leads to the possibility that lignin obtained from this IL pretreatment process may be more amenable to upgrading, thereby enhancing biorefinery economics. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Holtman, Kevin M AU - Yelle, Daniel J AU - Morgan, Trevor AU - Stavila, Vitalie AU - Pelton, Jeffrey AU - Blanch, Harvey AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - George, Anthe AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute; 5885 Hollis St.; Emeryville; CA 94608; USA Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 1236 EP - 1247 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC) KW - Pretreatment KW - Partitioning KW - Two dimensional KW - Ionic liquids KW - Nuclear magnetic resonance KW - Biomass KW - Streams KW - Hydrolysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534822480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Lignin+fate+and+characterization+during+ionic+liquid+biomass+pretreatment+for+renewable+chemicals+and+fuels+production&rft.au=Sathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BHoltman%2C+Kevin+M%3BYelle%2C+Daniel+J%3BMorgan%2C+Trevor%3BStavila%2C+Vitalie%3BPelton%2C+Jeffrey%3BBlanch%2C+Harvey%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BGeorge%2C+Anthe&rft.aulast=Sathitsuksanoh&rft.aufirst=Noppadon&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3gc42295j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-08 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3gc42295j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of CO2 injection on fault stability and induced seismicity in the early Paleozoic sedimentary basin of the St. Lawrence Lowlands (Quebec, Canada); insight from coupled reservoir-geomechanical modeling AN - 1510394458; 2014-019849 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Konstaninovskaya, Elena AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Malo, Michael AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 233 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 85 IS - 1 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - Yamaska Fault KW - North America KW - Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec KW - sedimentary basins KW - Quebec KW - Paleozoic KW - injection KW - Saint Lawrence Lowlands KW - Champlain Fault KW - carbon dioxide KW - fluid injection KW - lower Paleozoic KW - Canada KW - seismicity KW - Quebec City Quebec KW - basins KW - reservoir properties KW - Montreal Quebec KW - Eastern Canada KW - induced earthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - faults KW - 19:Seismology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510394458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Influence+of+CO2+injection+on+fault+stability+and+induced+seismicity+in+the+early+Paleozoic+sedimentary+basin+of+the+St.+Lawrence+Lowlands+%28Quebec%2C+Canada%29%3B+insight+from+coupled+reservoir-geomechanical+modeling&rft.au=Konstaninovskaya%2C+Elena%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BMalo%2C+Michael%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Konstaninovskaya&rft.aufirst=Elena&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 85th annual meeting of the Eastern Section of the Seismological Society of America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basins; Canada; carbon dioxide; Champlain Fault; earthquakes; Eastern Canada; faults; fluid injection; induced earthquakes; injection; lower Paleozoic; Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec; Montreal Quebec; North America; Paleozoic; Quebec; Quebec City Quebec; reservoir properties; Saint Lawrence Lowlands; sedimentary basins; seismicity; Yamaska Fault ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fog water as an alternative and sustainable water resource AN - 1508758956; 19415341 AB - As the world's population and demand for fresh water increases, new water resources are needed. One commonly overlooked aspect of the water cycle is fog, which is an important part of the hydrology of coastal, high-altitude, and forested regions. Fog water harvesting is being investigated as a sustainable alternative water resource for drinking water and reforestation. Fog water harvesting involves using mesh nets to collect water as fog passes through them. The materials of these nets, along with environmental factors such as wind speed, influence the volume of water collected. In this article, a review of current models for fog collection, designs, and applications of fog water harvesting is provided. Aspects of fog water harvesting requiring further research and development are identified. In regions with frequent fog events, fog water harvesting is a sustainable drinking water resource for rural communities with low per capita water usage. However, an analysis of fog water harvesting potential for the coastal areas of northern California (USA) showed that fog yields are too small for use as domestic water in areas with higher household water demands. Fog water shows particular promise for application in reforestation. Fog water irrigation can increase growth rates and survivability of saplings in reforestation efforts in regions with frequent fog events. Using fog collectors, denuded areas once dependent on natural fog drip can be restored, benefiting local hydrology and ecosystem recovery. Improvement in fog collector designs, materials, and models to increase collection efficiency, perhaps by inclusion of ideas from natural systems, will expand the regions where fog harvesting can be applied. JF - Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy AU - Domen, Jeremy K AU - Stringfellow, William T AU - Camarillo, Mary Kay AU - Gulati, Shelly AD - Ecological Engineering Research Program, School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA, wstringfellow@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 235 EP - 249 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1618-954X, 1618-954X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Irrigation water KW - Water Management KW - Sustainable development KW - Water resources KW - Reforestation KW - Wind speed KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Drinking Water KW - INE, USA, California KW - Hydrology KW - Growth rate KW - Irrigation KW - Environmental policy KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Fog KW - Nets KW - Water Harvesting KW - Reviews KW - Households KW - Drinking water KW - Environment management KW - Harvesting KW - Water Resources KW - Rural areas KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1508758956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clean+Technologies+and+Environmental+Policy&rft.atitle=Fog+water+as+an+alternative+and+sustainable+water+resource&rft.au=Domen%2C+Jeremy+K%3BStringfellow%2C+William+T%3BCamarillo%2C+Mary+Kay%3BGulati%2C+Shelly&rft.aulast=Domen&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clean+Technologies+and+Environmental+Policy&rft.issn=1618954X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10098-013-0645-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Growth rate; Drinking Water; Irrigation; Hydrology; Water resources; Environment management; Fog; Harvesting; Irrigation water; Sustainable development; Hydrologic cycle; Environmental policy; Reforestation; Households; Reviews; Drinking water; Rural areas; Hydrologic Models; Water Management; Water Harvesting; Nets; Water Resources; INE, USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10098-013-0645-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A tiered area-of-review framework for geologic carbon sequestration AN - 1505349726; 19316908 AB - This paper discusses the current guidance given by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on delineating the so-called Area of Review (AoR) for the permitting of geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) projects. According to the EPA's regulatory framework for GCS, the AoR refers to the region surrounding the CO sub(2) injection well(s) wherein leakage of CO sub(2) and/or the migration of formation fluids could possibly endanger overlying groundwater resources. Our evaluation of the current framework for delineating the size of this area finds unnecessary conservatism in the definition of the critical pressure, which could lead to a heavy burden on permit applicants that seek to get regulatory compliance, in particular for very large GCS projects. We propose a risk-based re-interpretation of this framework, separating the total Area of Review into different sub-areas with different regulatory requirements depending on whether the concern is about free-phase CO sub(2) or pressure-driven brine migration. This leads to a tiered AoR definition in which the projected region of CO sub(2) plume extent would have the highest regulatory standards regarding site characterization, monitoring, and corrective action. The requirements in the AoR outside this central region would be less burdensome because of a narrower focus on major pathways for brine leakage such as unplugged wellbores and large faults. We expect that this revised framework would allow for a reduction in the cost of regulatory compliance for projects with very large injection volumes, while ensuring that the objective of protecting valuable groundwater resources is preserved. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Cihan, Abdullah AU - Bandilla, Karl AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - Feb 2014 SP - 20 EP - 35 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Risk Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Siting criteria KW - Leakage KW - Compliance KW - Groundwater resources KW - Migration KW - Environmental protection KW - EPA KW - Carbon sequestration KW - USA KW - Reviews KW - Geology KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Groundwater KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Plumes KW - Science and technology KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1505349726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=A+tiered+area-of-review+framework+for+geologic+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+Jens%3BCihan%2C+Abdullah%3BBandilla%2C+Karl&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1393 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Greenhouse gases; Groundwater resources; Science and technology; Environmental protection; Carbon sequestration; EPA; Siting criteria; Leakage; Reviews; Compliance; Geology; Groundwater; Carbon dioxide; Plumes; Migration; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1393 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial social networks: structure and composition of Myxococcus xanthus outer membrane vesicle chains AN - 1505346381; 19158500 AB - The social soil bacterium, Myxococcus xanthus, displays a variety of complex and highly coordinated behaviours, including social motility, predatory rippling and fruiting body formation. Here we show that M. xanthus cells produce a network of outer membrane extensions in the form of outer membrane vesicle chains and membrane tubes that interconnect cells. We observed peritrichous display of vesicles and vesicle chains, and increased abundance in biofilms compared with planktonic cultures. By applying a range of imaging techniques, including three-dimensional (3D) focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy, we determined these structures to range between 30 and 60 nm in width and up to 5 mu m in length. Purified vesicle chains consist of typical M. xanthus lipids, fucose, mannose, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactoseamine carbohydrates and a small set of cargo protein. The protein content includes CglB and Tgl outer membrane proteins known to be transferable between cells in a contact-dependent manner. Most significantly, the 3D organization of cells within biofilms indicates that cells are connected via an extensive network of membrane extensions that may connect cells at the level of the periplasmic space. Such a network would allow the transfer of membrane proteins and other molecules between cells, and therefore could provide a mechanism for the coordination of social activities. JF - Environmental Microbiology AU - Remis, Jonathan P AU - Wei, Dongguang AU - Gorur, Amita AU - Zemla, Marcin AU - Haraga, Jessica AU - Allen, Simon AU - Witkowska, HEwa AU - Costerton, JWilliam AU - Berleman, James E AU - Auer, Manfred AD - Life Sciences Division. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 598 EP - 610 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1462-2912, 1462-2912 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - outer membrane proteins KW - Periplasmic space KW - Lipids KW - Fucose KW - Cell culture KW - Membrane proteins KW - N-Acetylglucosamine KW - Population dynamics KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Myxococcus xanthus KW - Soils KW - Membrane vesicles KW - Vesicles KW - Biofilms KW - Carbohydrates KW - Bacteria KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Fruit bodies KW - Mannose KW - fucose KW - imaging KW - Imaging techniques KW - Social interactions KW - Motility KW - Microbiology KW - Social behavior KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1505346381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Bacterial+social+networks%3A+structure+and+composition+of+Myxococcus+xanthus+outer+membrane+vesicle+chains&rft.au=Remis%2C+Jonathan+P%3BWei%2C+Dongguang%3BGorur%2C+Amita%3BZemla%2C+Marcin%3BHaraga%2C+Jessica%3BAllen%2C+Simon%3BWitkowska%2C+HEwa%3BCosterton%2C+JWilliam%3BBerleman%2C+James+E%3BAuer%2C+Manfred&rft.aulast=Remis&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=598&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=14622912&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1462-2920.12187 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mannose; Soils; Fucose; Microbiology; Carbohydrates; Biofilms; Population dynamics; Imaging techniques; Scanning electron microscopy; outer membrane proteins; Periplasmic space; Fruit bodies; Lipids; Cell culture; N-Acetylglucosamine; Membrane proteins; fucose; imaging; Social interactions; Soil microorganisms; Motility; Social behavior; Membrane vesicles; Vesicles; Bacteria; Myxococcus xanthus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12187 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of fault-zone architecture on earthquake magnitude and gas leakage related to CO sub(2) injection in a multi-layered sedimentary system AN - 1505330532; 19316909 AB - The presence of fluid within a fault zone can cause overpressure and trigger earthquakes. In this work, we study the influence of fault-zone architecture on pore pressure distribution and on the resulting fault reactivation caused by CO sub(2) injection. In particular, we investigate the effect of the variation and distribution of lithological and rock physical properties within a fault zone embedded in a multi-layer sedimentary system. Through numerical analysis, we compare several models where the complexity of the fault-zone architecture and different layers (such as caprock and injection reservoir) are incrementally included. Results show how the presence of hydraulic and mechanical heterogeneity along the fault influences the pressure diffusion, as well as the effective normal and shear stress evolution. Hydromechanical heterogeneities (i) strengthen the fault zone resulting in earthquakes of small magnitude, and (ii) impede fluid migration upward along the fault. We also study the effects of the caprock and aquifer thickness on the resulting induced seismicity and CO sub(2) leakage, both in heterogeneous and homogeneous fault zones. Results show that a thin caprock or aquifer allows smaller events, but a much higher percentage of leakage through the caprock and into the upper aquifer. The amount of leakage reduces drastically in the case of a multi-caprock, multi-aquifer system. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Rinaldi, Antonio P AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Cappa, Frederic AU - Guglielmi, Yves AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - Feb 2014 SP - 99 EP - 120 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Earthquakes KW - Aquifers KW - Hydraulics KW - Leakage KW - Seismic activity KW - Pore pressure KW - Diffusion KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Migration KW - Reservoirs KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1505330532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+fault-zone+architecture+on+earthquake+magnitude+and+gas+leakage+related+to+CO+sub%282%29+injection+in+a+multi-layered+sedimentary+system&rft.au=Rinaldi%2C+Antonio+P%3BJeanne%2C+Pierre%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BCappa%2C+Frederic%3BGuglielmi%2C+Yves&rft.aulast=Rinaldi&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1403 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Earthquakes; Hydraulics; Leakage; Seismic activity; Diffusion; Pore pressure; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide; Reservoirs; Migration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1403 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of energy efficiency standards for residential clothes dryers in the USA AN - 1492637857; 18976592 AB - This article describes the analysis of monetary and energy savings attributable to various energy efficiency levels considered as potential US federal standards for residential clothes dryers. The analysis examined benefits to both consumers and the nation as a whole. Benefits to consumers were evaluated based on the life-cycle cost of affected appliances and the payback period associated with increased first costs. Benefits to the nation incorporate both energy and financial savings associated with each potential efficiency standard. The analysis incorporated the most current information on field use of clothes dryers, which shows that dryer usage and the moisture in clothes are less than previously thought. The analysis found that high-efficiency heat pump clothes dryers would be cost-effective for nearly one fifth of US households. However, for both electric standard and gas clothes dryers, standards that improve efficiency by 5 % appear to be the highest levels that have a positive net present value of consumer benefit. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Lekov, Alex AU - Franco, Victor AU - Meyers, Steve AD - Environmental and Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, spmeyers@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - Feb 2014 SP - 133 EP - 149 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Economics KW - Energy efficiency KW - USA KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492637857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+energy+efficiency+standards+for+residential+clothes+dryers+in+the+USA&rft.au=Lekov%2C+Alex%3BFranco%2C+Victor%3BMeyers%2C+Steve&rft.aulast=Lekov&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-013-9214-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-013-9214-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diversity in C-XANES spectra obtained from carbonaceous solid inclusions from Monahans halite AN - 1840622060; 2016-098342 JF - Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society AU - Kebukawa, K AU - Zolensky, M E AU - Fries, Marc D AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Rahman, Z AU - Cody, G D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 EP - Abstract no. 5141 PB - Meteoritical Society, [varies] VL - 77 SN - 0735-049X, 0735-049X KW - halides KW - carbonaceous composition KW - ordinary chondrites KW - stony meteorites KW - H chondrites KW - X-ray spectra KW - halite KW - XANES spectra KW - solid phase KW - meteorites KW - organic compounds KW - Monahans Meteorite KW - carbon KW - inclusions KW - chlorides KW - spectra KW - organic carbon KW - heterogeneity KW - chondrites KW - carbonates KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840622060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+of+the+Meteoritical+Society&rft.atitle=Diversity+in+C-XANES+spectra+obtained+from+carbonaceous+solid+inclusions+from+Monahans+halite&rft.au=Kebukawa%2C+K%3BZolensky%2C+M+E%3BFries%2C+Marc+D%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BRahman%2C+Z%3BCody%2C+G+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kebukawa&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+of+the+Meteoritical+Society&rft.issn=0735049X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc2014/pdf/5141.pdf http://meteoriticalsociety.org/?page_id=18 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 77th annual meeting of the Meteoritical Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 15, 2016 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbonaceous composition; carbonates; chlorides; chondrites; H chondrites; halides; halite; heterogeneity; inclusions; meteorites; Monahans Meteorite; ordinary chondrites; organic carbon; organic compounds; solid phase; spectra; stony meteorites; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional group compositions of carbonaceous materials of Hayabusa-returned samples AN - 1832687145; 768621-39 JF - Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society AU - Yabuta, H AU - Uesugi, M AU - Naraoka, H AU - Ito, M AU - Kilcoyne, D AU - Sandford, S A AU - Kitajima, F AU - Mita, H AU - Takano, Y AU - Yada, T AU - Karouji, Y AU - Ishibashi, Y AU - Okada, T AU - Abe, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 EP - Abstract no. 5263 PB - The Society, [United States] VL - 77 SN - 0735-049X, 0735-049X KW - carbonaceous composition KW - Itokawa Asteroid KW - asteroids KW - X-ray spectra KW - samples KW - nitrogen KW - XANES spectra KW - organic compounds KW - functional groups KW - Hayabusa Mission KW - carbon KW - composition KW - S-type asteroids KW - spectra KW - ketones KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832687145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+of+the+Meteoritical+Society&rft.atitle=Functional+group+compositions+of+carbonaceous+materials+of+Hayabusa-returned+samples&rft.au=Yabuta%2C+H%3BUesugi%2C+M%3BNaraoka%2C+H%3BIto%2C+M%3BKilcoyne%2C+D%3BSandford%2C+S+A%3BKitajima%2C+F%3BMita%2C+H%3BTakano%2C+Y%3BYada%2C+T%3BKarouji%2C+Y%3BIshibashi%2C+Y%3BOkada%2C+T%3BAbe%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yabuta&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+of+the+Meteoritical+Society&rft.issn=0735049X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc2014/pdf/5263.pdf http://meteoriticalsociety.org/?page_id=18 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 77th annual meeting of the Meteoritical Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Aug. 2, 2016 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asteroids; carbon; carbonaceous composition; composition; functional groups; Hayabusa Mission; Itokawa Asteroid; ketones; nitrogen; organic compounds; S-type asteroids; samples; spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of high-performance computational strategies for modeling and imaging of electromagnetic induction data AN - 1832633057; 773318-4 AB - Many geoscientific applications exploit electrostatic and electromagnetic fields to interrogate and map subsurface electrical resistivity-an important geophysical attribute for characterizing mineral, energy, and water resources. In complex three-dimensional geologies, where many of these resources remain to be found, resistivity mapping requires large-scale modeling and imaging capabilities, as well as the ability to treat significant data volumes, which can easily overwhelm single-core and modest multicore computing hardware. To treat such problems requires large-scale parallel computational resources, necessary for reducing the time to solution to a time frame acceptable to the exploration process. The recognition that significant parallel computing processes must be brought to bear on these problems gives rise to choices that must be made in parallel computing hardware and software. In this review, some of these choices are presented, along with the resulting trade-offs. We also discuss future trends in high-performance computing and the anticipated impact on electromagnetic (EM) geophysics. Topics discussed in this review article include a survey of parallel computing platforms, graphics processing units to multicore CPUs with a fast interconnect, along with effective parallel solvers and associated solver libraries effective for inductive EM modeling and imaging. Copyright 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht (outside the USA) JF - Surveys in Geophysics AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - korja, Toivo AU - Heinson, Graham AU - Thiel, Stephan Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 85 EP - 100 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3298, 0169-3298 KW - imagery KW - three-dimensional models KW - inverse magnetization KW - induction KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - magnetization KW - resistivity KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - models KW - Campos Basin KW - South Atlantic KW - review KW - electromagnetic induction KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832633057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Surveys+in+Geophysics&rft.atitle=A+review+of+high-performance+computational+strategies+for+modeling+and+imaging+of+electromagnetic+induction+data&rft.au=Newman%2C+Gregory+A%3Bkorja%2C+Toivo%3BHeinson%2C+Graham%3BThiel%2C+Stephan&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Surveys+in+Geophysics&rft.issn=01693298&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10712-013-9260-0 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(xfpu0bn4myxx3njya4gn4s55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:103000,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - The 21st Electromagnetic Induction Workshop N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Number of references - 91 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 sect. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; Campos Basin; data processing; electromagnetic induction; geophysical methods; imagery; induction; inverse magnetization; magnetization; magnetotelluric methods; models; resistivity; review; South Atlantic; three-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-013-9260-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbonaceous material in the unique carbonaceous chondrite Miller Range 07687; a coordinated NanoSIMS, FIB-TEM AND XANES study AN - 1832624485; 778255-40 JF - NIPR Symposium on Polar Science AU - Davidson, J AU - Nittler, L R AU - Stroud, R M AU - Takigawa, A AU - O'D Alexander, C M AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Cody, George D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 EP - unpaginated PB - National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo VL - 5 KW - Miller Range Meteorites KW - experimental studies KW - technology KW - stony meteorites KW - isotopes KW - electron microscopy data KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - X-ray spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - meteorites KW - Antarctica KW - NanoSIMS KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832624485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIPR+Symposium+on+Polar+Science&rft.atitle=Carbonaceous+material+in+the+unique+carbonaceous+chondrite+Miller+Range+07687%3B+a+coordinated+NanoSIMS%2C+FIB-TEM+AND+XANES+study&rft.au=Davidson%2C+J%3BNittler%2C+L+R%3BStroud%2C+R+M%3BTakigawa%2C+A%3BO%27D+Alexander%2C+C+M%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BCody%2C+George+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davidson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIPR+Symposium+on+Polar+Science&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - The 5th symposium on polar science N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - #07980 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctica; carbonaceous chondrites; chondrites; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; geochemistry; isotopes; meteorites; Miller Range Meteorites; NanoSIMS; SEM data; spectra; stony meteorites; technology; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ISRM suggested method for step-rate injection method for fracture in-situ properties (SIMFIP); using a 3-components borehole deformation sensor AN - 1832619356; 723561-2 JF - Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering AU - Guglielmi, Yves AU - Cappa, Frederic AU - Lancon, Herve AU - Janowczyk, Jean Bernard AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Tsang, C F AU - Wang, J S Y Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 303 EP - 311 PB - Springer-Verlag, Vienna - New York VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0723-2632, 0723-2632 KW - methods KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - physical properties KW - host rocks KW - well-logging KW - waste disposal KW - research KW - underground disposal KW - instruments KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832619356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.atitle=ISRM+suggested+method+for+step-rate+injection+method+for+fracture+in-situ+properties+%28SIMFIP%29%3B+using+a+3-components+borehole+deformation+sensor&rft.au=Guglielmi%2C+Yves%3BCappa%2C+Frederic%3BLancon%2C+Herve%3BJanowczyk%2C+Jean+Bernard%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BTsang%2C+C+F%3BWang%2C+J+S+Y&rft.aulast=Guglielmi&rft.aufirst=Yves&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.issn=07232632&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00603-013-0517-1 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101578/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - RMREDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - host rocks; hydraulic fracturing; instruments; methods; physical properties; radioactive waste; research; rock mechanics; underground disposal; waste disposal; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-013-0517-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical processes with links to geochemistry associated with bentonite-backfilled repository tunnels in clay formations AN - 1832617094; 723561-11 AB - This paper presents simulation results related to coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) processes in engineered barrier systems (EBS) and clay host rock, in one case considering a possible link to geochemistry. This study is part of the US DOE Office of Nuclear Energy's used fuel disposition campaign, to investigate current modeling capabilities and to identify issues and knowledge gaps associated with coupled THMC processes and EBS-rock interactions associated with repositories hosted in clay rock. In this study, we simulated a generic repository case assuming an EBS design with waste emplacement in horizontal tunnels that are back-filled with bentonite-based swelling clay as a protective buffer and heat load, derived for one type of US reactor spent fuel. We adopted the Barcelona basic model (BBM) for modeling of the geomechanical behavior of the bentonite, using properties corresponding to the FEBEX bentonite, and we used clay host rock properties derived from the Opalinus clay at Mont Terri, Switzerland. We present results related to EBS host-rock interactions and geomechanical performance in general, as well as studies related to peak temperature, buffer resaturation and thermally induced pressurization of host rock pore water, and swelling pressure change owing to variation of chemical composition in the EBS. Our initial THM modeling results show strong THM-driven interactions between the bentonite buffer and the low-permeability host rock. The resaturation of the buffer is delayed as a result of the low rock permeability, and the fluid pressure in the host rock is strongly coupled with the temperature changes, which under certain circumstances could result in a significant increase in pore pressure. Moreover, using the BBM, the bentonite buffer was found to have a rather complex geomechanical behavior that eventually leads to a slightly nonuniform density distribution. Nevertheless, the simulation shows that the swelling of the buffer is functioning to provide an adequate increase in confining stress on the tunnel wall, leading to a stabilization of any failure that may occur during the tunnel excavation. Finally, we describe the application of a possible approach for linking THM processes with chemistry, focusing on the evolution of primary and secondary swelling, in which the secondary swelling is caused by changes in ionic concentration, which in turn is evaluated using a transport simulation model. Copyright 2014 Springer-Verlag Wien and 2013 The Author(s) JF - Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Chen, Fei AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Birkholzer, Jens Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 167 EP - 186 PB - Springer-Verlag, Vienna - New York VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0723-2632, 0723-2632 KW - solute transport KW - sealing KW - bentonite KW - underground space KW - shale KW - swells KW - data processing KW - research KW - radioactive waste KW - sedimentary rocks KW - claystone KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - thermomechanical properties KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832617094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+coupled+thermo-hydro-mechanical+processes+with+links+to+geochemistry+associated+with+bentonite-backfilled+repository+tunnels+in+clay+formations&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BZheng%2C+Liange%3BChen%2C+Fei%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=Jonny&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.issn=07232632&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00603-013-0375-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101578/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - RMREDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bentonite; chemical reactions; clastic rocks; claystone; data processing; digital simulation; hydraulic conductivity; radioactive waste; research; sealing; sedimentary rocks; shale; solute transport; swells; thermomechanical properties; transport; underground disposal; underground space; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-013-0375-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimated stocks of circumpolar permafrost carbon with quantified uncertainty ranges and identified data gaps AN - 1832583243; 722284-5 AB - Soils and other unconsolidated deposits in the northern circumpolar permafrost region store large amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC). This SOC is potentially vulnerable to remobilization following soil warming and permafrost thaw, but SOC stock estimates were poorly constrained and quantitative error estimates were lacking. This study presents revised estimates of permafrost SOC stocks, including quantitative uncertainty estimates, in the 0-3 m depth range in soils as well as for sediments deeper than 3 m in deltaic deposits of major rivers and in the Yedoma region of Siberia and Alaska. Revised estimates are based on significantly larger databases compared to previous studies. Despite this there is evidence of significant remaining regional data gaps. Estimates remain particularly poorly constrained for soils in the High Arctic region and physiographic regions with thin sedimentary overburden (mountains, highlands and plateaus) as well as for deposits below 3 m depth in deltas and the Yedoma region. While some components of the revised SOC stocks are similar in magnitude to those previously reported for this region, there are substantial differences in other components, including the fraction of perennially frozen SOC. Upscaled based on regional soil maps, estimated permafrost region SOC stocks are 217 + or - 12 and 472 + or - 27 Pg for the 0-0.3 and 0-1 m soil depths, respectively (+ or -95% confidence intervals). Storage of SOC in 0-3 m of soils is estimated to 1035 + or - 150 Pg. Of this, 34 + or - 16 Pg C is stored in poorly developed soils of the High Arctic. Based on generalized calculations, storage of SOC below 3 m of surface soils in deltaic alluvium of major Arctic rivers is estimated as 91 + or - 52 Pg. In the Yedoma region, estimated SOC stocks below 3 m depth are 181 + or - 54 Pg, of which 74 + or - 20 Pg is stored in intact Yedoma (late Pleistocene ice- and organic-rich silty sediments) with the remainder in refrozen thermokarst deposits. Total estimated SOC storage for the permafrost region is approximately 1300 Pg with an uncertainty range of approximately 1100 to 1500 Pg. Of this, approximately 500 Pg is in non-permafrost soils, seasonally thawed in the active layer or in deeper taliks, while approximately 800 Pg is perennially frozen. This represents a substantial approximately 300 Pg lowering of the estimated perennially frozen SOC stock compared to previous estimates. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Hugelius, G AU - Strauss, J AU - Zubrzycki, S AU - Harden, J W AU - Schuur, E A G AU - Ping, C L AU - Schirrmeister, L AU - Grosse, G AU - Michaelson, G J AU - Koven, C D AU - O'Donnell, J A AU - Elberling, B AU - Mishra, U AU - Camill, P AU - Yu, Z AU - Palmtag, J AU - Kuhry, P Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 6573 EP - 6593 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 11 IS - 23 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - methods KW - permafrost KW - Svalbard KW - Yedoma region KW - data processing KW - Europe KW - climate change KW - feedback KW - revision KW - Greenland KW - Siberia KW - errors KW - carbon KW - thickness KW - organic carbon KW - Asia KW - climate KW - physiographic provinces KW - North America KW - soil profiles KW - Mackenzie Delta KW - Olenek River KW - clastic sediments KW - cartography KW - Lena Delta KW - Yenisei River KW - Yakutia Russian Federation KW - Pechora River KW - distribution KW - pedons KW - Northwest Territories KW - depth KW - Scandinavia KW - Canada KW - Colville River KW - mathematical methods KW - Yukon River KW - surveys KW - information systems KW - deltaic environment KW - alluvium KW - histograms KW - upscaling KW - field studies KW - United States KW - soil group KW - thematic mapper KW - spatial data KW - data acquisition KW - Kolyma River KW - Russian Federation KW - Ob River KW - Mackenzie River KW - spatial distribution KW - geographic information systems KW - digital cartography KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - sampling KW - quantitative analysis KW - sediments KW - data bases KW - Yana KW - uncertainty KW - soils KW - sedimentary cover KW - overburden KW - carbon sequestration KW - Western Europe KW - Arctic region KW - statistical analysis KW - Pyasina River KW - NCSCDv2 KW - Indigirka River KW - regional KW - classification KW - soil surveys KW - Western Canada KW - Alaska KW - accuracy KW - storage KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832583243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Estimated+stocks+of+circumpolar+permafrost+carbon+with+quantified+uncertainty+ranges+and+identified+data+gaps&rft.au=Hugelius%2C+G%3BStrauss%2C+J%3BZubrzycki%2C+S%3BHarden%2C+J+W%3BSchuur%2C+E+A+G%3BPing%2C+C+L%3BSchirrmeister%2C+L%3BGrosse%2C+G%3BMichaelson%2C+G+J%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BO%27Donnell%2C+J+A%3BElberling%2C+B%3BMishra%2C+U%3BCamill%2C+P%3BYu%2C+Z%3BPalmtag%2C+J%3BKuhry%2C+P&rft.aulast=Hugelius&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=6573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-11-6573-2014 L2 - http://www.biogeosciences.net LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; Alaska; alluvium; Arctic region; Asia; Canada; carbon; carbon sequestration; cartography; classification; clastic sediments; climate; climate change; Colville River; Commonwealth of Independent States; data acquisition; data bases; data processing; deltaic environment; depth; digital cartography; distribution; errors; Europe; feedback; field studies; geographic information systems; Greenland; histograms; Indigirka River; information systems; Kolyma River; Lena Delta; Mackenzie Delta; Mackenzie River; mathematical methods; methods; NCSCDv2; North America; Northwest Territories; Ob River; Olenek River; organic carbon; overburden; Pechora River; pedons; permafrost; physiographic provinces; Pyasina River; quantitative analysis; regional; revision; Russian Federation; sampling; Scandinavia; sedimentary cover; sediments; Siberia; soil group; soil profiles; soil surveys; soils; spatial data; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; storage; surveys; Svalbard; thematic mapper; thickness; uncertainty; United States; upscaling; Western Canada; Western Europe; Yakutia Russian Federation; Yana; Yedoma region; Yenisei River; Yukon River DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6573-2014 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Seismic and microseismic monitoring AN - 1815675045; 2016-074169 JF - Geologically storing carbon; learning from the Otway Project experience AU - Daley, Tom AU - Freifeld, Barry AU - Siggins, Tony Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 PB - CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria SN - 9781486302307; 9781486302314; 9781486302321 KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - Australasia KW - microseismic methods KW - geophysical methods KW - CO2CRC Otway Project KW - SJ5412-7420 KW - Victoria Australia KW - seismic methods KW - noise KW - carbon dioxide KW - gas injection KW - Australia KW - Otway Gas Project KW - Naylor-1 KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815675045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Daley%2C+Tom%3BFreifeld%2C+Barry%3BSiggins%2C+Tony&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9781486302307&rft.btitle=Seismic+and+microseismic+monitoring&rft.title=Seismic+and+microseismic+monitoring&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Produced under license from the Commonwealth of Australia as represented by Geoscience Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - Victoria N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag., 1 table, sects N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the biogeochemical response of a flood plain to hydrologic forcing AN - 1815665055; 2016-073577 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Molins, S AU - Arora, B AU - Spycher, N AU - Johnson, J N AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1716 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - floodplains KW - watersheds KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - Colorado River KW - Rifle Colorado KW - major elements KW - quantitative analysis KW - levels KW - carbon KW - movement KW - soils KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - textures KW - biochemistry KW - boundary conditions KW - two-dimensional models KW - models KW - water table KW - fluctuations KW - streamflow KW - infiltration KW - fluvial features KW - Colorado KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815665055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+biogeochemical+response+of+a+flood+plain+to+hydrologic+forcing&rft.au=Molins%2C+S%3BArora%2C+B%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BJohnson%2C+J+N%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1716&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; boundary conditions; carbon; climate change; Colorado; Colorado River; floodplains; fluctuations; fluvial features; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; hydrology; infiltration; isotopes; levels; major elements; models; movement; nitrogen; oxygen; processes; quantitative analysis; Rifle Colorado; simulation; soils; streamflow; textures; two-dimensional models; United States; water table; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic signatures of H (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) at The Cedars; implications for temperatures and mechanisms of serpentinization at the site AN - 1812220670; 2016-071762 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Mayhew, Lisa E AU - Christensen, John N AU - Bill, Markus AU - Templeton, Alexis S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 450 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - The Cedars KW - serpentinization KW - Grotto Pool KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - mechanism KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - California KW - plutonic rocks KW - carbon KW - springs KW - Northern California KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - processes KW - methane KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - solutes KW - alkanes KW - hydrochemistry KW - ultramafics KW - measurement KW - organic compounds KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - peridotites KW - hydrocarbons KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812220670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Isotopic+signatures+of+H+%28sub+2%29+and+CH+%28sub+4%29+at+The+Cedars%3B+implications+for+temperatures+and+mechanisms+of+serpentinization+at+the+site&rft.au=Conrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMayhew%2C+Lisa+E%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BTempleton%2C+Alexis+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; C-13/C-12; California; carbon; D/H; geochemistry; Grotto Pool; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; measurement; mechanism; metasomatism; methane; Northern California; organic compounds; peridotites; pH; plutonic rocks; processes; serpentinization; solutes; springs; stable isotopes; temperature; The Cedars; ultramafics; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron and carbon dynamics during the reductive transformation of organic matter-rich Fe(III) oxyhydroxides AN - 1812210069; 2016-071741 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Cismasu, A C AU - Williams, K H AU - Nico, P S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 429 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - biomineralization KW - biodegradation KW - desorption KW - biochemistry KW - oxyhydroxides KW - adsorption KW - ferrihydrite KW - iron KW - Gallionella ferruginea KW - ferrous iron KW - hydroxides KW - ferric iron KW - organic compounds KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812210069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Iron+and+carbon+dynamics+during+the+reductive+transformation+of+organic+matter-rich+Fe%28III%29+oxyhydroxides&rft.au=Cismasu%2C+A+C%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BNico%2C+P+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cismasu&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=10%2C+Volume+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=9785911280505&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; biochemistry; biodegradation; biomineralization; desorption; ferric iron; ferrihydrite; ferrous iron; Gallionella ferruginea; hydroxides; iron; metals; organic compounds; oxides; oxyhydroxides; precipitation; reduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Goldschmidt 2014 AN - 1812210041; 2016-071736 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Christensen, John N AU - Shiel, Alyssa E AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Long, Philip E AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 424 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - stable isotopes KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Colorado River KW - spatial variations KW - Rifle Colorado KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sediments KW - alkaline earth metals KW - monitoring KW - mine waste KW - isotope ratios KW - aquifers KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - alluvium aquifers KW - metals KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-234 KW - Colorado KW - water wells KW - tailings KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812210041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Goldschmidt+2014&rft.au=Christensen%2C+John+N%3BShiel%2C+Alyssa+E%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BDong%2C+Wenming%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=424&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; alluvium aquifers; aquifers; Colorado; Colorado River; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; mine waste; monitoring; pore water; radioactive isotopes; remediation; Rifle Colorado; sediments; spatial variations; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; tailings; U-238/U-234; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging the roots of high-temperature geothermal systems using MT; results from the Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand AN - 1807509402; 2016-066305 AB - High-temperature and economic geothermal resources are currently restricted to drillable depths (typically less than 3 km). However, the roots of these geothermal resources originate at much greater depths, where fluids extract heat from high temperature sources (i.e. magma) and are transported to the surface. This convective process is not well understood; nor is the associated deep-seated permeability required. Besides sourcing hydrothermal systems from which electricity can now be generated, these deep-rooted geothermal fluids also represent untapped energy resources themselves, which in the coming years may well be exploited with advances in deep drilling technology. Thus a very good case can be made to expand our knowledge on the roots of geothermal systems to better extract the existing resource base as well as tap into new sources of geothermal energy, including sources beyond conventional extraction depths in the coming years. In this paper, we probe mechanisms of heat exchange and fluid transport beneath four high-temperature geothermal systems in the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) using one of the largest 3D magnetotelluric (MT) arrays ever assembled (259 MT soundings, 1250 km2). We demonstrate the reliability of full tensor 3D MT modeling by applying a different data processing and 3D inversion algorithm to data analyzed by Bertrand et al. (2012), retrieving many of the same dominant resistivity features. We expand upon their study by using 90 additional MT soundings that cover a new area to the NW, and considering two geothermal systems not discussed in the previous work. According to our resistivity model, sustained convection cells extract energy and volatiles from quasi-plastic rock at nearly equal 5 - 7 km, elevating fluid density. Hot saline fluids migrate upward from this depth, potentially controlled by heavily fractured zones (i.e., fault accommodation zones), depressing resistivity as they are transported to the geothermal systems. Intrusive volcanics may also contribute to the low resistivity features imaged between 3 and 7 km. JF - Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council AU - Lindsey, N J AU - Bertrand, E A AU - Caldwell, T G AU - Gasperikova, E AU - Newman, G A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 527 EP - 532 PB - GRC - Geothermal Resources Council, Davis, CA VL - 38 SN - 0193-5933, 0193-5933 KW - geophysical surveys KW - Australasia KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - fluid flow KW - Taupo volcanic zone KW - inverse problem KW - resistivity KW - convection KW - North Island KW - depth KW - thermal waters KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - geothermal systems KW - heat flow KW - surveys KW - New Zealand KW - faults KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.atitle=Imaging+the+roots+of+high-temperature+geothermal+systems+using+MT%3B+results+from+the+Taupo+volcanic+zone%2C+New+Zealand&rft.au=Lindsey%2C+N+J%3BBertrand%2C+E+A%3BCaldwell%2C+T+G%3BGasperikova%2C+E%3BNewman%2C+G+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lindsey&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=9781634394673&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.issn=01935933&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Annual meeting of the Geothermal Resources Council N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science), Lower Hutt, New Zealand N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; convection; data processing; depth; faults; fluid flow; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; geothermal systems; heat flow; inverse problem; magnetotelluric methods; New Zealand; North Island; resistivity; surveys; Taupo volcanic zone; thermal waters; three-dimensional models ER - TY - BOOK T1 - 3-D resistivity inversion models of MT array data in the Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand AN - 1797532092; 2016-050314 AB - Independent 3-D resistivity inversion models of MT array data (200+ measurements) located in the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), New Zealand, have been generated using WSINV3DMT and a preconditioned non-linear conjugate gradient algorithm (EMGeo) implemented on multi-thousand core machines at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Previously, 2-D and 3-D inversion models of subsets of the total MT array data have imaged the resistivity structure of the upper crust beneath the TVZ, and have resolved quasi-vertical low-resistivity plumes that connect shallow geothermal fields to an inferred magmatic heat source that lies below the brittle-ductile transition at nearly equal 6-8 km depth. The TVZ in the central North Island of New Zealand is the largest rhyolitic magmatic system on Earth and hosts more than 20 high-temperature liquid-dominated geothermal systems, 6 of which are encompassed by our present MT array. Here, we focus on similarities and differences in the 3-D resistivity inversion models generated using the WSINV3DMT and EMGeo algorithms, each implemented with different control parameters (e.g. error-floors, coordinate systems, etc.). We use final 3-D inversion models from each code to compute (i.e. forward model) synthetic MT data from which we then calculate MT phase tensors for comparison with the measured values. By comparing the synthetic and measured phase tensors, we can efficiently visualize the model fit at all sites in the array, at each period. In this way we can assess the robustness of key resistivity structures contained in these MT inversion models and gain insight as to how the different inversion implementations affect the model results. JF - 36th New Zealand geothermal workshop AU - Bertrand, Edward A AU - Lindsey, Nathaniel J AU - Caldwell, T Grant AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Gasperikova, Erika AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 8 PB - University of Auckland, Auckland KW - geophysical surveys KW - Australasia KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - Taupo volcanic zone KW - inverse problem KW - resistivity KW - North Island KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - surveys KW - New Zealand KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797532092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bertrand%2C+Edward+A%3BLindsey%2C+Nathaniel+J%3BCaldwell%2C+T+Grant%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A%3BGasperikova%2C+Erika%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bertrand&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=3-D+resistivity+inversion+models+of+MT+array+data+in+the+Taupo+volcanic+zone%2C+New+Zealand&rft.title=3-D+resistivity+inversion+models+of+MT+array+data+in+the+Taupo+volcanic+zone%2C+New+Zealand&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.geothermal-energy.org/pdf/IGAstandard/NZGW/2014/53.Bertrand.pdf? LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 36th New Zealand geothermal workshop N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science), Lower Hutt, New Zealand N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of groundwater solutes on uraninite stability; laboratory and field studies AN - 1793206458; 2016-048264 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Cerrato, J M AU - Lezama-Pacheco, J AU - Williams, K H AU - Long, P E AU - Alessi, Daniel S AU - Suvorova, E AU - Bernier-Latmani, R AU - Giammar, Daniel E AU - Bargar, J R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 370 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - stability KW - EXAFS KW - solution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - laboratory studies KW - Rifle Colorado KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - effects KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - bioremediation KW - X-ray spectra KW - metals KW - anaerobic environment KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - water wells KW - uraninite KW - spectroscopy KW - actinides KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Effect+of+groundwater+solutes+on+uraninite+stability%3B+laboratory+and+field+studies&rft.au=Cerrato%2C+J+M%3BLezama-Pacheco%2C+J%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BAlessi%2C+Daniel+S%3BSuvorova%2C+E%3BBernier-Latmani%2C+R%3BGiammar%2C+Daniel+E%3BBargar%2C+J+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cerrato&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=370&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; aerobic environment; alkaline earth metals; anaerobic environment; bioremediation; calcium; Colorado; effects; EXAFS; experimental studies; field studies; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; laboratory studies; metals; oxides; pollution; remediation; Rifle Colorado; solubility; solutes; solution; spectra; spectroscopy; stability; United States; uraninite; uranium; water pollution; water wells; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stopping bio-souring at the source; identifying specific inhibitors of microbial sulfate reduction AN - 1793206291; 2016-048238 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Carlson, Hans K AU - Mullan, Mark R AU - Coates, John D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 344 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - pollutants KW - natural gas KW - pollution KW - petroleum KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - ecosystems KW - thermochemical properties KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Stopping+bio-souring+at+the+source%3B+identifying+specific+inhibitors+of+microbial+sulfate+reduction&rft.au=Carlson%2C+Hans+K%3BMullan%2C+Mark+R%3BCoates%2C+John+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=344&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ecosystems; hydrogen sulfide; microorganisms; natural gas; petroleum; pollutants; pollution; processes; thermochemical properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis of (super 15) N enriched NH (sub 3) through N (sub 2) photolysis; relevance to N-enriched meteoritic organics AN - 1793206138; 2016-048269 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Chakraborty, S AU - Jackson, Teresa L AU - Muskatel, H B AU - Ahmed, Musahid AU - Rude, Bruce AU - Levine, R D AU - Thiemens, M H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 375 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - N-15/N-14 KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - photochemistry KW - N-15 KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - meteorites KW - organic compounds KW - photolysis KW - mixing KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Identification+of+scale+effects+in+dissolution+trapping+from+the+response+of+a+push-pull+experiment&rft.au=Rasmusson%2C+K%3BNiemi%2C+A%3BFagerlund%2C+F%3BCarrera%2C+Jesus%3BTsang%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rasmusson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.issn=10297006&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - isotope ratios; isotopes; meteorites; mixing; N-15; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; organic compounds; photochemistry; photolysis; processes; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - C-XANES analyses of carbonaceous solid inclusions from Monahans halite AN - 1793205832; 2016-048413 AB - Monahans meteorite (H5) contains fluid inclusion-bearing halite (NaCl) crystals [1]. Microthermometry and Raman spectroscopy showed that the fluid in the inclusions is an aqueous brine and they were trapped near 25 degrees C [1]. Their continued presence in the halite grains requires that their incorporation into the H chondrite asteroid was post metamorphism [2]. Abundant solid inclusions are also present in the halites. The solid inclusions include abundant and widely variable organics [2]. Analyses by Raman microprobe, SEM/EDX, synchrotron X-ray diffraction and TEM reveal that these grains include macromolecular carbon similar in structure to CV3 chondrite matrix carbon, aliphatic carbon compounds, olivine (Fo (sub 99-59) ), high-and low-Ca pyroxene, feldspars, magnetite, sulfides, lepidocrocite, carbonates, diamond, apatite and possibly the zeolite phillipsite [3]. Here we report organic analyses of these carbonaceous residues in Monahans halite using C-, N-, and O-X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). Approximately 100 nm-thick sections were extracted with a focused ion beam (FIB) at JSC from solid inclusions from Monahans halite. The sections were analyzed using the scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) on beamline 5.3.2.2 at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for XANES spectroscopy. C-XANES spectra of the solid inclusions show micrometer-scale heterogeneity, indicating that the macromolecular carbon in the inclusions have complex chemical variations. C-XANES features include 284.7 eV assigned to aromatic C=C, 288.4-288.8 eV assigned to carboxyl, and 290.6 eV assigned to carbonate. The carbonyl features obtained by C-XANES might have been caused by the FIB used in sample preparation. No specific N-XANES features are observed. Various degrees of 1s-delta +exciton shown in the C-XANES spectra indicate that the solid inclusions contain macromolecular carbon which experienced various degree of thermal processing. The natures of the macromolecular carbon in the solid inclusions observed by C-XANES are consistent with the previous studies showing that the solid inclusions have not originated from Monahans parent body [1-3]. References: [1] Zolensky et al. 1999. Science 285: 1377-1379. [2] Fries et al. 2011. 74th MetSoc #5390. [3] Zolensky et al. 2013. 76th MetSoc #5200. JF - Abstract - Japan Geoscience Union Meeting AU - Kebukawa, Yoko AU - Zolensky, Michael AU - Kilcoyne, David AU - Rahman, Zia AU - Fries, Marc AU - Cody, George AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - Abstract PPS25 EP - 14 PB - Japan Geoscience Union, Tokyo VL - 2014 KW - halides KW - carbonaceous composition KW - ordinary chondrites KW - stony meteorites KW - parent bodies KW - thermal metamorphism KW - H chondrites KW - metamorphism KW - X-ray spectra KW - halite KW - XANES spectra KW - meteorites KW - Monahans Meteorite KW - carbon KW - inclusions KW - chlorides KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793205832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstract+-+Japan+Geoscience+Union+Meeting&rft.atitle=C-XANES+analyses+of+carbonaceous+solid+inclusions+from+Monahans+halite&rft.au=Kebukawa%2C+Yoko%3BZolensky%2C+Michael%3BKilcoyne%2C+David%3BRahman%2C+Zia%3BFries%2C+Marc%3BCody%2C+George%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kebukawa&rft.aufirst=Yoko&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstract+-+Japan+Geoscience+Union+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www2.jpgu.org/meeting/2014/PDF2014/2014ALL_e.pdf http://www.jpgu.org/index-e/publications/abstcats.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Japan Geoscience Union meeting 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Jan. 5, 2015 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07429 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbonaceous composition; chlorides; chondrites; H chondrites; halides; halite; inclusions; metamorphism; meteorites; Monahans Meteorite; ordinary chondrites; parent bodies; spectra; stony meteorites; thermal metamorphism; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mass-independent sulfur isotopic fractionation at Lyman-alpha photodissociation of H (sub 2) S and relevance to meteorites AN - 1793205715; 2016-048270 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Chakraborty, Subrata AU - Jackson, Teresa L AU - Ahmed, Musahid AU - Thiemens, M H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 376 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - isotope fractionation KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - photochemistry KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - stable isotopes KW - meteorites KW - S-34/S-32 KW - photolysis KW - sulfur KW - S-33/S-32 KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793205715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Mass-independent+sulfur+isotopic+fractionation+at+Lyman-alpha+photodissociation+of+H+%28sub+2%29+S+and+relevance+to+meteorites&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+Subrata%3BJackson%2C+Teresa+L%3BAhmed%2C+Musahid%3BThiemens%2C+M+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=Subrata&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=376&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrogen sulfide; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; meteorites; photochemistry; photolysis; processes; S-33/S-32; S-34/S-32; stable isotopes; sulfur ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deciphering the role of water in amorphous carbonate precursors AN - 1765873918; 2016-011330 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Fernandez-Martinez, Alex AU - Poloni, R AU - Jimenez-Ruiz, M AU - Montes-Hernandez, G AU - Waychunas, G A AU - Wallace, A F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 688 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - biomineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - experimental studies KW - amorphous materials KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - ions KW - order-disorder KW - infrared spectra KW - models KW - FTIR spectra KW - metals KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectra KW - TGA data KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765873918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.atitle=%26gt%3B+Exploring+the+Scandinavian+Mountain+Belt+by+deep+drilling+%28COSC%29&rft.au=Juhlin%2C+C%3BGee%2C+D+G%3BLorenz%2C+H%3BPascal%2C+C%3BPedersen%2C+K%3BTsang%2C+C+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Juhlin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.issn=10297006&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; amorphous materials; biomineralization; bonding; calcium carbonate; carbonates; crystal structure; experimental studies; FTIR spectra; infrared spectra; ions; kinetics; magnesium; metals; models; order-disorder; spectra; TGA data; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The emergence of chaotic dynamics in complex microbial systems; fully mixed vs. 1-D models AN - 1765873178; 2016-011315 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Murdoch, Larry AU - Molz, Fred AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 673 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - models KW - substrates KW - experimental studies KW - chaotic behavior KW - time series analysis KW - one-dimensional models KW - biochemistry KW - statistical analysis KW - simulation KW - geochemistry KW - boundary conditions KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765873178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+emergence+of+chaotic+dynamics+in+complex+microbial+systems%3B+fully+mixed+vs.+1-D+models&rft.au=Faybishenko%2C+Boris%3BMurdoch%2C+Larry%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Faybishenko&rft.aufirst=Boris&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=673&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; boundary conditions; chaotic behavior; experimental studies; geochemistry; models; one-dimensional models; simulation; statistical analysis; substrates; time series analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NOM molecular characterization to better understand uranium mobility in aquifer sediments and groundwater AN - 1765873094; 2016-011291 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Evert, M H AU - Williams, K H AU - Lenhart, J J AU - Wilkins, M J AU - Mouser, P J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 649 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - mine waste KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - biochemistry KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - Rifle Colorado KW - organic compounds KW - mixing KW - metals KW - sediments KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - Colorado KW - water pollution KW - tailings KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765873094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=NOM+molecular+characterization+to+better+understand+uranium+mobility+in+aquifer+sediments+and+groundwater&rft.au=Evert%2C+M+H%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BLenhart%2C+J+J%3BWilkins%2C+M+J%3BMouser%2C+P+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Evert&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; biochemistry; characterization; Colorado; Garfield County Colorado; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; mass spectra; metals; mine waste; mixing; organic compounds; pollution; Rifle Colorado; sediments; spectra; tailings; United States; uranium; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From imaging to understanding frontiers in chemical imaging of soil carbon dynamics AN - 1752579298; 2016-002643 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Keiluweit, Marco AU - Kleber, Markus AU - Bougoure, Jeremy J AU - Weber, Peter K AU - Pett-Ridge, Jennifer AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1218 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - soils KW - ion probe data KW - three-dimensional models KW - mass spectra KW - infrared spectra KW - geochemical cycle KW - FTIR spectra KW - sample preparation KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - EXAFS data KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - carbon cycle KW - Eh KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=From+imaging+to+understanding+frontiers+in+chemical+imaging+of+soil+carbon+dynamics&rft.au=Keiluweit%2C+Marco%3BKleber%2C+Markus%3BBougoure%2C+Jeremy+J%3BWeber%2C+Peter+K%3BPett-Ridge%2C+Jennifer%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Keiluweit&rft.aufirst=Marco&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1218&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon cycle; Eh; EXAFS data; FTIR spectra; geochemical cycle; infrared spectra; ion probe data; mass spectra; organic compounds; sample preparation; soils; spectra; three-dimensional models; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport modeling of stable carbon isotope fractionation during carbon sequestration AN - 1752579056; 2016-002769 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Zhang, Shuo AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2843 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - isotope fractionation KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - gaseous phase KW - isotopes KW - one-dimensional models KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - characterization KW - stable isotopes KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - transport KW - carbon KW - movement KW - brines KW - reactive transport KW - TOUGHREACT KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+modeling+of+stable+carbon+isotope+fractionation+during+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Shuo%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BZheng%2C+Liange%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Shuo&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2843&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; characterization; gaseous phase; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; models; monitoring; movement; one-dimensional models; reactive transport; stable isotopes; TOUGHREACT; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contribution of organic carbon to woodsmoke particulate matter absorption of solar radiation AN - 1752577439; 2016-002691 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Kirchstetter, T W AU - Thatcher, T L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1267 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - photochemistry KW - California KW - absorption KW - black carbon KW - sampling KW - carbon KW - solar radiation KW - climate effects KW - rural environment KW - particulate materials KW - organic carbon KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752577439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Contribution+of+organic+carbon+to+woodsmoke+particulate+matter+absorption+of+solar+radiation&rft.au=Kirchstetter%2C+T+W%3BThatcher%2C+T+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kirchstetter&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; black carbon; California; carbon; climate effects; organic carbon; particulate materials; photochemistry; rural environment; sampling; solar radiation; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trait-based approaches to modeling the microbial biogeochemistry from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems AN - 1752576993; 2016-002686 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - King, Eric AU - Karaoz, Ulas AU - Cheng, Yiwei AU - Tang, Jinyun AU - Riley, William AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Bouskill, Nicholas AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1262 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - respiration KW - processes KW - terrestrial environment KW - communities KW - biochemistry KW - ecosystems KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - models KW - controls KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - carbon KW - reactive transport KW - carbon cycle KW - thermodynamic properties KW - aquatic environment KW - Eh KW - microorganisms KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Trait-based+approaches+to+modeling+the+microbial+biogeochemistry+from+terrestrial+to+aquatic+ecosystems&rft.au=King%2C+Eric%3BKaraoz%2C+Ulas%3BCheng%2C+Yiwei%3BTang%2C+Jinyun%3BRiley%2C+William%3BMolins%2C+Sergi%3BBouskill%2C+Nicholas%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; aquifers; biochemistry; carbon; carbon cycle; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; communities; controls; ecosystems; Eh; geochemical cycle; ground water; microorganisms; models; nutrients; processes; reactive transport; respiration; simulation; terrestrial environment; thermodynamic properties; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmarking the simulation of microbial Cr(VI) reduction and Cr isotope fractionation AN - 1734268878; 2015-090116 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Wanner, C AU - Molins, S AU - Druhan, J AU - Greskowiak, J AU - Amos, R AU - Mayer, U AU - Alt-Epping, P AU - Steefel, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2655 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - isotope fractionation KW - isotopes KW - one-dimensional models KW - simulation KW - iron KW - remediation KW - CrunchFlow KW - transport KW - MIN3P KW - reactive transport KW - TOUGHREACT KW - reduction KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chromium KW - FLOTRAN KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - PHT3D KW - bioremediation KW - two-dimensional models KW - ferrous iron KW - models KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734268878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Benchmarking+the+simulation+of+microbial+Cr%28VI%29+reduction+and+Cr+isotope+fractionation&rft.au=Wanner%2C+C%3BMolins%2C+S%3BDruhan%2C+J%3BGreskowiak%2C+J%3BAmos%2C+R%3BMayer%2C+U%3BAlt-Epping%2C+P%3BSteefel%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wanner&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2655&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; bioremediation; chromium; CrunchFlow; ferrous iron; FLOTRAN; iron; isotope fractionation; isotopes; metals; MIN3P; models; one-dimensional models; PHT3D; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; reactive transport; reduction; remediation; simulation; thermodynamic properties; TOUGHREACT; transport; two-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing particle mediated crystal formation AN - 1729849589; 2015-103581 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Banfield, J F AU - DeYoreo, J J AU - Dove, P M AU - Gilbert, P AU - Joester, D AU - Michel, F M AU - Murray, C B AU - Navrotsky, A AU - Penn, R L AU - Rimer, J D AU - Sommerdijk, N A J M AU - Wallace, A F AU - Whitelam, S AU - Zhang, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 113 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - precipitation KW - characterization KW - mechanism KW - crystal growth KW - solution KW - nanoparticles KW - ions KW - pH KW - particles KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729849589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Characterizing+particle+mediated+crystal+formation&rft.au=Banfield%2C+J+F%3BDeYoreo%2C+J+J%3BDove%2C+P+M%3BGilbert%2C+P%3BJoester%2C+D%3BMichel%2C+F+M%3BMurray%2C+C+B%3BNavrotsky%2C+A%3BPenn%2C+R+L%3BRimer%2C+J+D%3BSommerdijk%2C+N+A+J+M%3BWallace%2C+A+F%3BWhitelam%2C+S%3BZhang%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Banfield&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; crystal growth; ions; mechanism; nanoparticles; particles; pH; precipitation; solution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of the biogeochemical roles of uncultivated bacteria and Archaea in the subsurface AN - 1729849572; 2015-103582 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Castelle, Cindy J AU - Hug, Laura A AU - Wrighton, Kelly C AU - Sharon, Itai AU - Brown, Christopher T AU - Kantor, Rose S AU - Singh, Andrea AU - Thomas, Brian C AU - Luef, Birgit AU - Comolli, Luis AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Long, Philip AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 114 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - processes KW - communities KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - Archaea KW - metabolism KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - prediction KW - measurement KW - geochemical cycle KW - Colorado River KW - Rifle Colorado KW - nucleic acids KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - fermentation KW - DNA KW - Colorado KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729849572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+the+biogeochemical+roles+of+uncultivated+bacteria+and+Archaea+in+the+subsurface&rft.au=Banfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BCastelle%2C+Cindy+J%3BHug%2C+Laura+A%3BWrighton%2C+Kelly+C%3BSharon%2C+Itai%3BBrown%2C+Christopher+T%3BKantor%2C+Rose+S%3BSingh%2C+Andrea%3BThomas%2C+Brian+C%3BLuef%2C+Birgit%3BComolli%2C+Luis%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BLong%2C+Philip%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Banfield&rft.aufirst=Jillian&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Archaea; bacteria; biochemistry; carbon; Colorado; Colorado River; communities; DNA; fermentation; Garfield County Colorado; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; measurement; metabolism; nucleic acids; prediction; processes; Rifle Colorado; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil metabolomics approach to investigate dissolved organic matter recalcitrance against soil bacteria AN - 1729849501; 2015-103585 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Baran, R AU - Chakraborty, R AU - Cadillo-Quiroz, H AU - da Rocha, U Nunes AU - Brodie, E L AU - Deutschbauer, A M AU - Northen, T R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 117 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - soils KW - metabolites KW - Modestobacter KW - Methylbacterium KW - communities KW - biochemistry KW - global KW - disaccharides KW - solutes KW - mass spectra KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - chromatograms KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - mineralization KW - Bosea KW - spectra KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - Bacillus KW - Arthrobacter KW - species diversity KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729849501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Soil+metabolomics+approach+to+investigate+dissolved+organic+matter+recalcitrance+against+soil+bacteria&rft.au=Baran%2C+R%3BChakraborty%2C+R%3BCadillo-Quiroz%2C+H%3Bda+Rocha%2C+U+Nunes%3BBrodie%2C+E+L%3BDeutschbauer%2C+A+M%3BNorthen%2C+T+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Baran&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arthrobacter; Bacillus; bacteria; biochemistry; Bosea; carbon; chemical composition; chromatograms; communities; disaccharides; geochemical cycle; global; mass spectra; metabolites; Methylbacterium; mineralization; Modestobacter; organic carbon; organic compounds; soils; solutes; species diversity; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmark for reactive transport codes with application to concrete alteration AN - 1729848459; 2015-103667 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bildstein, Olivier AU - Claret, F AU - Perko, J AU - Jacques, D AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 199 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - hazardous waste KW - fractured materials KW - properties KW - concrete KW - radioactive waste KW - evaluation KW - transport KW - reactive transport KW - risk assessment KW - applications KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - accuracy KW - construction materials KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729848459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Benchmark+for+reactive+transport+codes+with+application+to+concrete+alteration&rft.au=Bildstein%2C+Olivier%3BClaret%2C+F%3BPerko%2C+J%3BJacques%2C+D%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bildstein&rft.aufirst=Olivier&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; applications; concrete; construction materials; evaluation; fractured materials; hazardous waste; leaching; processes; properties; radioactive waste; reactive transport; risk assessment; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioremediation to plume persistence; uranium biogeochemistry in naturally and artificially bioreduced aquifer sediments AN - 1729848418; 2015-103591 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bargar, J R AU - Janot, N AU - Alessi, D S AU - Jones, M E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Long, P E AU - Bernier-Latmani, R AU - Cerrato, J M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 123 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Colorado River basin KW - contaminant plumes KW - iron KW - remediation KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - transport KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - water pollution KW - Eh KW - in situ KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - sulfur KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729848418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Bioremediation+to+plume+persistence%3B+uranium+biogeochemistry+in+naturally+and+artificially+bioreduced+aquifer+sediments&rft.au=Bargar%2C+J+R%3BJanot%2C+N%3BAlessi%2C+D+S%3BJones%2C+M+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BBernier-Latmani%2C+R%3BCerrato%2C+J+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bargar&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; biochemistry; bioremediation; carbon; Colorado River basin; contaminant plumes; Eh; geochemical cycle; ground water; in situ; iron; metals; nitrogen; organic compounds; pollution; reduction; remediation; sediments; sulfur; transport; United States; uranium; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of heterogeneous reactive subsurface AN - 1729848396; 2015-103627 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Beisman, J AU - Maxwell, R AU - Navarre-Sitchler, A AU - Steefel, C I AU - Molins, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 159 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - methods KW - oxygen KW - numerical analysis KW - floodplains KW - rates KW - advection KW - simulation KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - fluvial features KW - reactive transport KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - nitrate ion KW - heterogeneity KW - geochemistry KW - ammonia compound KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729848396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+heterogeneous+reactive+subsurface&rft.au=Beisman%2C+J%3BMaxwell%2C+R%3BNavarre-Sitchler%2C+A%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BMolins%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beisman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Document feature - block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; ammonia compound; chemical reactions; floodplains; fluvial features; geochemistry; heterogeneity; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; methods; mineral composition; models; nitrate ion; numerical analysis; oxygen; processes; rates; reactive transport; simulation; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotopes of seafloor sediments associated with natural hydrocarbon seeps from the Gulf of Mexico AN - 1718054238; 2015-095313 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bill, Markus AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Piceno, Yvette M AU - Yang, Wenbo AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 201 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - salt domes KW - isotopes KW - deep-sea environment KW - stable isotopes KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - environmental effects KW - nitrogen KW - marine sediments KW - mixing KW - carbon KW - oil spills KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - N-15/N-14 KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - pollution KW - oil seeps KW - organic compounds KW - S-34/S-32 KW - precipitation KW - marine environment KW - sulfur KW - North Atlantic KW - pore water KW - Mississippi Canyon KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - mud volcanoes KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718054238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Carbon%2C+nitrogen%2C+and+sulfur+isotopes+of+seafloor+sediments+associated+with+natural+hydrocarbon+seeps+from+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Bill%2C+Markus%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BPiceno%2C+Yvette+M%3BYang%2C+Wenbo%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bill&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; C-13/C-12; carbon; deep-sea environment; environmental effects; Gulf of Mexico; isotope ratios; isotopes; marine environment; marine sediments; Mississippi Canyon; mixing; mud volcanoes; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; North Atlantic; oil seeps; oil spills; organic compounds; pollution; pore water; precipitation; reduction; S-34/S-32; salt domes; sediments; stable isotopes; sulfur ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular dynamics simulations of ion adsorption at mica-water interfaces AN - 1718053657; 2015-095361 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bourg, Ian C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 249 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - mineral-water interface KW - porous materials KW - crystal structure KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - ions KW - measurement KW - X-ray data KW - mica group KW - sheet silicates KW - molecular dynamics KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Molecular+dynamics+simulations+of+ion+adsorption+at+mica-water+interfaces&rft.au=Bourg%2C+Ian+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bourg&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; colloidal materials; crystal structure; experimental studies; ions; measurement; mica group; mineral-water interface; molecular dynamics; porous materials; sheet silicates; silicates; simulation; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining water and carbon fluxes into groundwater from a semiarid floodplain vadose zone AN - 1707524828; 2015-080900 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Robbins, Mark J AU - Kim, Yongman AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Christensen, John N AU - Hobson, Chad AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Dayvault, Richard D AU - Long, Philip E AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2495 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - land cover KW - terrestrial environment KW - communities KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - floodplains KW - semi-arid environment KW - unsaturated zone KW - vegetation KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - Rifle Colorado KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - water KW - biochemistry KW - samplers KW - hydrochemistry KW - measurement KW - fluvial features KW - Colorado KW - pore water KW - field studies KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Determining+water+and+carbon+fluxes+into+groundwater+from+a+semiarid+floodplain+vadose+zone&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BDong%2C+Wenming%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BRobbins%2C+Mark+J%3BKim%2C+Yongman%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BHobson%2C+Chad%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BDayvault%2C+Richard+D%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carbon; carbon dioxide; Colorado; communities; field studies; floodplains; fluvial features; Garfield County Colorado; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; land cover; measurement; organic carbon; pore water; quantitative analysis; Rifle Colorado; samplers; semi-arid environment; terrestrial environment; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; vegetation; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Size effect on the reduction of hematite nanoparticles with outer membrane cytochromes OmcA of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 AN - 1707524225; 2015-081078 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Liu, Juan AU - Pearce, Carolyn I AU - Shi, Liang AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Shi, Zhi AU - Arenholz, Elke AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1474 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - grain size KW - Shewanella KW - cytochromes KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - metals KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - nanoparticles KW - particles KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Size+effect+on+the+reduction+of+hematite+nanoparticles+with+outer+membrane+cytochromes+OmcA+of+Shewanella+oneidensis+MR-1&rft.au=Liu%2C+Juan%3BPearce%2C+Carolyn+I%3BShi%2C+Liang%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BShi%2C+Zhi%3BArenholz%2C+Elke%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1474&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; chemical reactions; cytochromes; grain size; hematite; metals; nanoparticles; oxides; particles; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella oneidensis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable isotope evidence for groundwater recharge and mixing in the Datong Basin, northern China AN - 1707524172; 2015-081037 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Li, Junxia AU - DePaolo, Donald AU - Owens, Thomas AU - Wang, Yanxin AU - Xie, Xianjun AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1432 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - Far East KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - mixing KW - Datong Basin KW - movement KW - Asia KW - China KW - processes KW - alkaline earth metals KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - samples KW - northern China KW - measurement KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - recharge KW - stratification KW - D/H KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - strontium KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Stable+isotope+evidence+for+groundwater+recharge+and+mixing+in+the+Datong+Basin%2C+northern+China&rft.au=Li%2C+Junxia%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald%3BOwens%2C+Thomas%3BWang%2C+Yanxin%3BXie%2C+Xianjun%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Junxia&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; Asia; China; D/H; Datong Basin; Far East; ground water; hydrogen; isotope ratios; isotopes; measurement; metals; mixing; movement; northern China; O-18/O-16; oxygen; processes; recharge; samples; spatial distribution; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; stratification; strontium; water resources; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome-to-watershed predictive understanding of terrestrial biogeochemical functioning; 'Sustainable systems 2.0' AN - 1707521679; 2015-083383 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Agarwal, Deb AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Beller, Harry R AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Long, Philip E AU - Nico, Peter AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1061 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - programs KW - terrestrial environment KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - biochemistry KW - watersheds KW - solutes KW - simulation KW - genome KW - Rifle Colorado KW - Sustainable systems 2.0 KW - Colorado KW - geochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Genome-to-watershed+predictive+understanding+of+terrestrial+biogeochemical+functioning%3B+%27Sustainable+systems+2.0%27&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan%3BAgarwal%2C+Deb%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BBeller%2C+Harry+R%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1061&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; Colorado; Garfield County Colorado; genome; geochemistry; hydrology; processes; programs; Rifle Colorado; simulation; solutes; Sustainable systems 2.0; terrestrial environment; United States; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic chronospeciation in a biostimulated aquifer AN - 1707521371; 2015-083327 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hobson, C AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Stucker, V AU - Ranville, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1005 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - pollutants KW - coordination KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Rifle Colorado KW - metals KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - Colorado KW - actinides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Arsenic+chronospeciation+in+a+biostimulated+aquifer&rft.au=Hobson%2C+C%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BStucker%2C+V%3BRanville%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hobson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1005&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; arsenic; bioremediation; chemical fractionation; Colorado; coordination; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; ICP mass spectra; mass spectra; metals; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rifle Colorado; spectra; United States; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors influencing tungsten mobility in soils from Fallon, Nevada AN - 1707521358; 2015-083326 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hobson, C AU - Bednar, A AU - Tappero, R AU - Mohajerin, T J AU - Sheppard, P R AU - Witten, M L AU - Hettiarachchi, G AU - Johannesson, K AU - Datta, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1004 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Churchill County Nevada KW - sorption KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - polymerization KW - Fallon Nevada KW - tungsten KW - factors KW - chemical reactions KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - sediments KW - particulate materials KW - mobility KW - Nevada KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Factors+influencing+tungsten+mobility+in+soils+from+Fallon%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Hobson%2C+C%3BBednar%2C+A%3BTappero%2C+R%3BMohajerin%2C+T+J%3BSheppard%2C+P+R%3BWitten%2C+M+L%3BHettiarachchi%2C+G%3BJohannesson%2C+K%3BDatta%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hobson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Combustion+and+Flame&rft.issn=00102180&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.combustflame.2011.06.016 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; Churchill County Nevada; factors; Fallon Nevada; metals; mobility; Nevada; particulate materials; pollutants; pollution; polymerization; public health; sediments; soil pollution; soils; sorption; tungsten; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clay mineral hydration studies with in silico techniques AN - 1707521073; 2015-083345 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Holmboe, Michael AU - Bourg, Ian C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1023 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - Far East KW - density KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - unit cell KW - solutes KW - techniques KW - simulation KW - clay minerals KW - models KW - Wyoming KW - hydration KW - sheet silicates KW - molecular dynamics KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - Japan KW - calorimetry KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Clay+mineral+hydration+studies+with+in+silico+techniques&rft.au=Holmboe%2C+Michael%3BBourg%2C+Ian+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Holmboe&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; calorimetry; chemical composition; clay minerals; density; diffusion; experimental studies; Far East; hydration; Japan; models; molecular dynamics; Monte Carlo analysis; sheet silicates; silicates; simulation; solutes; statistical analysis; techniques; thermodynamic properties; unit cell; United States; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fumarate photoreduction by zinc sulfide nanoparticles; ultrafast studies of prebiotic photochemistry AN - 1703691217; 2015-078443 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Mangiante, David AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Schaller, Richard D AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1585 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - metabolism KW - photochemistry KW - sphalerite KW - mass spectra KW - properties KW - tricarboxylic acid KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - chemical reactions KW - fumarate KW - chromatograms KW - zinc sulfides KW - carboxylic acids KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - sulfides KW - nanoparticles KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703691217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Fumarate+photoreduction+by+zinc+sulfide+nanoparticles%3B+ultrafast+studies+of+prebiotic+photochemistry&rft.au=Mangiante%2C+David%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BSchaller%2C+Richard+D%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mangiante&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1585&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt abstracts 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carboxylic acids; chemical reactions; chromatograms; fumarate; mass spectra; metabolism; nanoparticles; organic acids; organic compounds; photochemistry; properties; reduction; spectra; sphalerite; sulfides; tricarboxylic acid; zinc sulfides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metal-organic frameworks as solid magnesium electrolytes AN - 1701098014; 19052778 AB - A series of solid magnesium electrolytes were synthesized viathe transmetallation of magnesium phenolates to coordinatively unsaturated metal sites lining the pores of the metal-organic frameworks Mg sub(2)(2,5-dioxidobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylate) and Mg sub(2)(4,4'-dioxidobiphenyl-3,3'- dicarboxylate). The resulting materials represent a new class of solid magnesium electrolytes that are both crystalline, and exhibit room-temperature ionic conductivities up to 0.25 mS cm super(-1). The materials reported herein are one-hundred times more conductive at room temperature than any other solid magnesium electrolyte and represent the only class of materials sufficiently conductive for practical consideration in magnesium batteries. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Aubrey, M L AU - Ameloot, R AU - Wiers, B M AU - Long, J R AD - Department of Chemistry; University of California; Berkeley and Materials Sciences Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 667 EP - 671 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Ionic conductivity KW - Electrolytes KW - Porosity KW - Crystal structure KW - Magnesium KW - Unsaturated KW - Metal-organic frameworks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701098014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Metal-organic+frameworks+as+solid+magnesium+electrolytes&rft.au=Aubrey%2C+M+L%3BAmeloot%2C+R%3BWiers%2C+B+M%3BLong%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Aubrey&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ee43143f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-08 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ee43143f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fremtosecond laser ablation-time of flight inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (fs-LA-ICP-(TOF)MS) for elemental analysis of fluid inclusions AN - 1696877731; 2015-068780 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gonzalez, Jhanis AU - Oropeza, Dayana AU - Chirinos, Jose AU - Salvi, Stefano AU - Siebenaller, Luc AU - Russo, Richard AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 836 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - ICP mass spectra KW - quantitative analysis KW - inclusions KW - mass spectra KW - fluid inclusions KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696877731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Fremtosecond+laser+ablation-time+of+flight+inductively+coupled+plasma+spectrometry+%28fs-LA-ICP-%28TOF%29MS%29+for+elemental+analysis+of+fluid+inclusions&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+Jhanis%3BOropeza%2C+Dayana%3BChirinos%2C+Jose%3BSalvi%2C+Stefano%3BSiebenaller%2C+Luc%3BRusso%2C+Richard%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Jhanis&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=836&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fluid inclusions; geochemistry; ICP mass spectra; inclusions; mass spectra; quantitative analysis; spectra; trace elements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protonated nanoparticle models of 6-line ferrihydrite AN - 1696876620; 2015-068743 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Penn, R L AU - Spagnoli, D AU - Waychunas, G A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 799 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - natural materials KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - bonding KW - ferrihydrite KW - iron KW - order-disorder KW - models KW - hydration KW - ferric iron KW - metals KW - protonation KW - oxides KW - nanoparticles KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696876620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Protonated+nanoparticle+models+of+6-line+ferrihydrite&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BPenn%2C+R+L%3BSpagnoli%2C+D%3BWaychunas%2C+G+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=799&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; ferric iron; ferrihydrite; hydration; iron; metals; models; Monte Carlo analysis; nanoparticles; natural materials; order-disorder; oxides; protonation; statistical analysis; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Goldschmidt 2014 AN - 1696876386; 2015-068745 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Moffet, Ryan AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Neu, Alexander AU - Epstein, Scott A AU - MacMillan, Amanda C AU - Nizkorodov, Sergey A AU - O'Brien, Rachel E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 801 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - models KW - North America KW - South America KW - relative humidity KW - viscosity KW - atmosphere KW - aerosols KW - spectra KW - X-ray spectra KW - particles KW - measurement KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696876386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Changing+ventilation+rates+in+U.S.+offices%3A+Implications+for+health%2C+work+performance%2C+energy%2C+and+associated+economics&rft.au=Fisk%2C+William+J%3BBlack%2C+Douglas%3BBrunner%2C+Gregory&rft.aulast=Fisk&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=368&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2011.07.001 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmosphere; measurement; models; North America; particles; relative humidity; South America; spectra; viscosity; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of water concentration in volcanic glasses using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) AN - 1696875803; 2015-068824 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Guitreau, Martin AU - Gonzalez, Jhanis AU - Mukasa, Samuel B AU - Colucci, Mike AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 881 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - precision KW - volcanic rocks KW - laser methods KW - in situ KW - glasses KW - igneous rocks KW - mass spectra KW - techniques KW - ICP mass spectra KW - sampling KW - LIBS spectra KW - applications KW - spectra KW - accuracy KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696875803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Determination+of+water+concentration+in+volcanic+glasses+using+laser+induced+breakdown+spectroscopy+%28LIBS%29&rft.au=Guitreau%2C+Martin%3BGonzalez%2C+Jhanis%3BMukasa%2C+Samuel+B%3BColucci%2C+Mike%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guitreau&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=881&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; applications; glasses; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; in situ; LIBS spectra; laser methods; mass spectra; precision; sampling; spectra; techniques; volcanic rocks; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization, transformation, and mobilization of sediment; associated natural organic matter in subsurface sediments AN - 1696875592; 2015-068676 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Fox, Patricia M AU - Tinnacher, Ruth M AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Davis, James A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 732 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - characterization KW - climate change KW - infrared spectra KW - ground water KW - Colorado River KW - FTIR spectra KW - Rifle Colorado KW - levels KW - total organic carbon KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - spectra KW - Eh KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - snowmelt KW - textures KW - rainfall KW - biochemistry KW - solutes KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - fluctuations KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - alluvium aquifers KW - seasonal variations KW - Colorado KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696875592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Characterization%2C+transformation%2C+and+mobilization+of+sediment%3B+associated+natural+organic+matter+in+subsurface+sediments&rft.au=Fox%2C+Patricia+M%3BTinnacher%2C+Ruth+M%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=732&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium aquifers; aquifers; biochemistry; characterization; chemical properties; climate change; Colorado; Colorado River; Eh; experimental studies; fluctuations; FTIR spectra; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; hydrology; infrared spectra; levels; organic compounds; physical properties; rainfall; Rifle Colorado; seasonal variations; sediments; snowmelt; solutes; spectra; textures; total organic carbon; United States; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Additive surface complexation modeling of uranium (VI) adsorption onto quartz-sand dominates sediments AN - 1692746426; 2015-063348 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 581 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - contaminant plumes KW - silica minerals KW - complexing KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - attenuation KW - mineral composition KW - metals KW - sediments KW - quartz KW - framework silicates KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692746426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Additive+surface+complexation+modeling+of+uranium+%28VI%29+adsorption+onto+quartz-sand+dominates+sediments&rft.au=Dong%2C+Wenming%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=Wenming&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; aquifers; attenuation; complexing; contaminant plumes; framework silicates; ground water; metals; mineral composition; models; pH; pollution; quartz; sediments; silica minerals; silicates; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport benchmarks on heavy metal cycling AN - 1692746203; 2015-063236 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Arora, B AU - Mayer, K U AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Spycher, N F AU - Sengor, S S AU - Jacques, D AU - Alt-Epping, P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 69 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - complexing KW - HP1 KW - solution KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - CrunchFlow KW - transport KW - MIN3P KW - sediments KW - reactive transport KW - TOUGHREACT KW - heavy metals KW - abandoned mines KW - PHREEQC KW - mines KW - mine waste KW - FLOTRAN KW - pollutants KW - sedimentation KW - acid rock drainage KW - pollution KW - PHT3D KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - compaction KW - precipitation KW - lacustrine environment KW - trace metals KW - tailings KW - lake sediments KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692746203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+benchmarks+on+heavy+metal+cycling&rft.au=Arora%2C+B%3BMayer%2C+K+U%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BSpycher%2C+N+F%3BSengor%2C+S+S%3BJacques%2C+D%3BAlt-Epping%2C+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; acid rock drainage; compaction; complexing; CrunchFlow; FLOTRAN; geochemical cycle; heavy metals; HP1; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; MIN3P; mine waste; mines; models; PHREEQC; PHT3D; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; reactive transport; remediation; sedimentation; sediments; simulation; solution; tailings; TOUGHREACT; trace metals; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Choosing a model for isotope fractionation in complex systems AN - 1692746072; 2015-063367 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Druhan, Jennifer L AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Maher, Kate AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 600 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - models KW - partitioning KW - isotope fractionation KW - chemical reactions KW - quantitative analysis KW - metals KW - steady-state processes KW - crystal growth KW - solution KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692746072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Choosing+a+model+for+isotope+fractionation+in+complex+systems&rft.au=Druhan%2C+Jennifer+L%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BMaher%2C+Kate%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Druhan&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=600&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; crystal growth; isotope fractionation; metals; models; partitioning; quantitative analysis; solution; steady-state processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coordination and redox chemistry of aqueous Fe(II) and dissolved organic matter AN - 1692746048; 2015-063268 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Daugherty, Ellen AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Borch, Thomas AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 501 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - coordination KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - complexing KW - solutes KW - X-ray spectra KW - iron KW - geochemical cycle KW - ferrous iron KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - carbon KW - leonardite KW - carboxylic acids KW - Suwannee River KW - spectra KW - fulvic acids KW - kinetics KW - pore water KW - Eh KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692746048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Coordination+and+redox+chemistry+of+aqueous+Fe%28II%29+and+dissolved+organic+matter&rft.au=Daugherty%2C+Ellen%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BBorch%2C+Thomas%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daugherty&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=501&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carbon; carboxylic acids; complexing; coordination; Eh; ferrous iron; fulvic acids; geochemical cycle; humic substances; iron; kinetics; leonardite; metals; organic acids; organic compounds; oxidation; pore water; solutes; spectra; Suwannee River; United States; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproducibility of a groundwater microbial community in replicate bioreactors AN - 1692745987; 2015-063265 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bailey, Kathryn L AU - Hurt, Richard A AU - Robeson, Michael S, II AU - Chowdhury, Taniya R AU - Zelaya, Anna AU - Fields, Matthew W AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Adams, Michael W W AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 98 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - anions KW - biodiversity KW - Oak Ridge Field Research Center KW - monitoring KW - communities KW - in situ KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - sugars KW - ground water KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - biofilms KW - Tennessee KW - carbohydrates KW - bioreactors KW - ecology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692745987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reproducibility+of+a+groundwater+microbial+community+in+replicate+bioreactors&rft.au=Bailey%2C+Kathryn+L%3BHurt%2C+Richard+A%3BRobeson%2C+Michael+S%2C+II%3BChowdhury%2C+Taniya+R%3BZelaya%2C+Anna%3BFields%2C+Matthew+W%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BAdams%2C+Michael+W+W%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; biodiversity; biofilms; bioreactors; carbohydrates; communities; ecology; ground water; in situ; monitoring; Oak Ridge Field Research Center; Oak Ridge Tennessee; organic acids; organic compounds; Roane County Tennessee; sugars; Tennessee; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long residence times of rapidly decomposable soil organic matter; a mechanistic modeling study AN - 1689592166; 2015-056732 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Riley, W J AU - Torn, M S AU - Tang, J AU - Dwivedi, D AU - Maggi, F M AU - Kleber, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2085 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - soils KW - sorption KW - diffusion KW - three-dimensional models KW - lignin KW - solutes KW - mechanism KW - adsorption KW - advection KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - fungi KW - transport KW - carbon KW - residence time KW - bacteria KW - organic carbon KW - kinetics KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689592166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Long+residence+times+of+rapidly+decomposable+soil+organic+matter%3B+a+mechanistic+modeling+study&rft.au=Riley%2C+W+J%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BTang%2C+J%3BDwivedi%2C+D%3BMaggi%2C+F+M%3BKleber%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2085&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; advection; bacteria; carbon; diffusion; fungi; kinetics; lignin; mechanism; models; organic carbon; organic compounds; residence time; soils; solutes; sorption; three-dimensional models; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - K and Ca isotopic fractionation by plants AN - 1689592028; 2015-056657 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Qin, Liping AU - Christensen, John N AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2010 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - tropical environment KW - calcium KW - isotope fractionation KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Plantae KW - terrestrial environment KW - isotopes KW - Ca-44 KW - calcium cycle KW - alkali metals KW - solutes KW - weathering KW - stable isotopes KW - geochemical cycle KW - boreal environment KW - nutrients KW - quantitative analysis KW - metals KW - potassium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689592028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=K+and+Ca+isotopic+fractionation+by+plants&rft.au=Qin%2C+Liping%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Qin&rft.aufirst=Liping&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2010&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; boreal environment; Ca-44; calcium; calcium cycle; geochemical cycle; isotope fractionation; isotopes; metals; nutrients; Plantae; potassium; quantitative analysis; solutes; stable isotopes; terrestrial environment; tropical environment; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rates and mechanisms of uranyl oxyhydroxide mineral dissolution AN - 1689591412; 2015-056703 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Reinoso-Maset, Estela AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Chorover, Jon AU - Steefel, Carl AU - O'Day, Peggy A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2056 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - compreignacite KW - complexing KW - mechanism KW - solution KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - ion exchange KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - oxyhydroxides KW - Hanford Site KW - rates KW - uranyl oxyhydroxide KW - aquifers KW - hydroxides KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689591412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.atitle=Geologic+Disposal+of+High-Level+Radioactive+Waste%3A+Status%2C+Key+Issues%2C+and+Trends&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+J%3BHouseworth%2C+J%3BTsang%2C+C-F&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.issn=15435938&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev-environ-090611-143314 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; complexing; compreignacite; desorption; EXAFS data; experimental studies; ground water; Hanford Site; hydroxides; ion exchange; mechanism; metals; oxides; oxyhydroxides; precipitation; rates; sediments; solution; sorption; transport; United States; uranium; uranyl oxyhydroxide; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon capture potential in the Temblor Formation, McKittrick oil field, southern San Joaquin Basin, California AN - 1689591039; 2015-057058 AB - Greenhouse gases (GHG's) released during the production and from the combustion of fossil fuels are causing climate change. One technology currently being implemented to reduce GHG emissions is Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS). CCS is the process of capturing carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) at stationary sources that produce large volumes and injecting the gas into an underground geologic reservoir for permanent storage. The most likely long term storage sites are depleted gas and oil fields, saline aquifers, and coal beds. In depleted oilfields, CCS can also help to increase production of oil (CO (sub 2) EOR). At high pressures, carbon dioxide is miscible with oil. It can increase production by increasing reservoir pressure and decreasing the viscosity of the oil, thereby increasing its mobility. This research analyzes the potential for CCS in the sandstones of the Temblor Formation in the McKittrick oil field. The study area, located in the northeast section of the field, encompasses 1450 proved acres with over 94 wells producing from six zones within the Temblor Formation. Total CO (sub 2) storage volume and pressure response to injection can be estimated by determining the degree of stratigraphic and structural compartmentalization of the sand bodies, correlating well logs, creating detailed cross sections and comparing pressure variations to changes in production volumes over time. The goals for this project are to determine the overall extent and reservoir quality of the sandstones, the total amount of CO (sub 2) sequestration possible, and the potential additional oil production using CO (sub 2) EOR. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Harrington, Kelly AU - Gillespie, Janice M AU - Jordan, Preston AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 717 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689591039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Carbon+capture+potential+in+the+Temblor+Formation%2C+McKittrick+oil+field%2C+southern+San+Joaquin+Basin%2C+California&rft.au=Harrington%2C+Kelly%3BGillespie%2C+Janice+M%3BJordan%2C+Preston%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Harrington&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=717&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluid chemistries in Gale Crater calculated based on in-situ geochemistry and mineralogy from the Mars Curiosity Rover AN - 1686060785; 2015-051387 AB - For much of its initial year on Mars, the Curiosity rover deployed its geochemical instruments to investigate an area called Yellowknife Bay, less than half a km from its arrival point at Bradbury Landing, in Gale Crater. Grotzinger et al. (2014) summarize the observations of elemental analyses, gas geochemistry, depositional features, and mineralogy and conclude that the site is an ancient lake deposit, characterized by neutral to slightly alkaline pH, low salinity, supporting variable redox states of both iron and sulfur. Vaniman et al. (2014) used X-ray diffraction data to determine the mineralogy of 3 mudstones at the site, concluding that the clay minerals present formed at temperatures less than 60-80 degrees C, during burial and diagenesis. We used TOUGHREACT V3.0-OMP, a non-isothermal, multi-component, reactive transport code (Sonnenthal et al., 2014) to constrain the range of compositions of fluids and secondary mineral phases that would develop from reactions with primary (non-alteration) mineral phases detected in the mudstones. In our approach, we assumed an initial atmosphere and a nominal dilute fluid chemistry, and we fixed the mineralogy based on in situ rover analyses. Simulations were conducted using a single grid block (i.e., no flow), and oxygen fugacity was buffered by the mineral assemblage. We modeled primary and clay minerals as solid solutions of end-member phases and assumed a volume ratio of 40% water: 60% mineral for these batch reactions. We applied nominal reactive surface areas, assigning proportionally large values for clay minerals and smaller values for other mineral phases. We used thermodynamic data and kinetic rate constants from published literature sources. We focused on reaction series at 10 degrees and 40 degrees C and bracketed geochemical compositions of near-surface waters that may have been present on Mars. Reaction of primary mineral phases with water produced clay and Fe-oxide phases in agreement with observed mineralogy. Both reaction temperatures generated bicarbonate-rich fluids with near-neutral pH over the simulated reaction times of 1,000 to 10,000 years. References: Grotzinger, J. P. et al. (2014) Science 343:1242777; Sonnenthal, E. L. et al. (2014) http://esd.lbl.gov/research/projects/tough/software/toughreact.html ; Vaniman DT et al. (2014) Science 343:1243480. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Blank, Jennifer G AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Vaniman, David T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 428 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686060785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Fluid+chemistries+in+Gale+Crater+calculated+based+on+in-situ+geochemistry+and+mineralogy+from+the+Mars+Curiosity+Rover&rft.au=Blank%2C+Jennifer+G%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BVaniman%2C+David+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blank&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The source and persistence of kinetic isotope effects in ionic minerals AN - 1686058919; 2015-049144 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Nielsen, Laura AU - Watkins, James AU - DePaolo, Donald AU - Hunt, Jonathan AU - Ryerson, Rick AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1810 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - models KW - isotope fractionation KW - ligands KW - isotopes KW - metals KW - mineral-water interface KW - rates KW - applications KW - aqueous solutions KW - kinetics KW - ions KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686058919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+source+and+persistence+of+kinetic+isotope+effects+in+ionic+minerals&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+Laura%3BWatkins%2C+James%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald%3BHunt%2C+Jonathan%3BRyerson%2C+Rick%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nielsen&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1810&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; aqueous solutions; ions; isotope fractionation; isotopes; kinetics; ligands; metals; mineral-water interface; models; rates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of arsenic species in aquifer solids using micro-XAS AN - 1686058614; 2015-049140 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Nicholas, S L AU - Knaeble, A R AU - Marcus, M A AU - Woodruff, L G AU - Erickson, M L AU - Toner, B M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1806 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - processes KW - Minnesota KW - western Minnesota KW - oxidation KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - aquitards KW - hydrochemistry KW - drinking water KW - X-ray spectra KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - quantitative analysis KW - iron sulfides KW - metals KW - spectra KW - water wells KW - water pollution KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686058614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Quantification+of+arsenic+species+in+aquifer+solids+using+micro-XAS&rft.au=Nicholas%2C+S+L%3BKnaeble%2C+A+R%3BMarcus%2C+M+A%3BWoodruff%2C+L+G%3BErickson%2C+M+L%3BToner%2C+B+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nicholas&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aquitards; arsenic; chemical fractionation; drinking water; Eh; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; iron sulfides; metals; Minnesota; oxidation; pollution; processes; quantitative analysis; spectra; sulfides; United States; water pollution; water wells; western Minnesota; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Favorable structural settings of active geothermal systems in the Great Basin region, Western USA; implications for fluid flow, normal faulting mechanics, and geothermal and epithermal mineral exploration AN - 1676593639; 2015-037535 AB - Active amagmatic geothermal systems of the Great Basin, USA are used to generate electricity and have temperatures overlapping formation of some epithermal mineral deposits (up to and >200 degrees C). We recently completed an inventory of structural settings of known geothermal systems (426 total) in the extensional Great Basin region. Of approximately 250 categorized fields, step-overs or relay ramps in normal fault zones are the most favorable setting, hosting approximately 32% of the systems. Such areas have overlapping fault strands, increased fracture density, and thus enhanced permeability. Other common settings include a) normal fault tips (25%), where horse-tailing generates closely-spaced faults and increased permeability; b) fault intersections (22%), where multiple minor faults typically connect major faults and fluids can flow readily through highly fractured, dilational quadrants; and c) accommodation zones (9%), where oppositely dipping normal fault systems intermesh in belts of multiple fault tips and intersections. 3D modeling indicates subvertical conduits of high fracture density in these settings. The primary segments of major faults only host approximately 1% of the geothermal fields. Quaternary faults lie within or near most fields. The paucity of geothermal systems along primary fault segments may result from reduced permeability in thick clay gouge and periodic stress release in major earthquakes. Step-overs, terminations, intersections, and accommodation zones represent critically stressed areas, where fluid pathways more likely remain open in breccia-dominated fracture networks. Because stress is not relieved by major earthquakes, abundant microseismicity characterizes fault interaction areas, which precludes pervasive healing of fractures and thus facilitates fluid flow. Increased pore-pressure may also provide a positive feedback mechanism that promotes more frequent but lesser magnitude earthquakes. The association of some young (<5 Ma) epithermal mineral deposits in normal fault footwalls (e.g. Florida Canyon, Wind Mountain, and Hycroft-Lewis) with active geothermal systems in the hanging walls suggests recurrent activity and/or longevity for some hydrothermal systems. These data are relevant to understanding the mechanics of normal faulting and in guiding both geothermal and mineral exploration. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Faulds, James E AU - Hinz, Nicholas H AU - Coolbaugh, Mark F AU - Siler, Drew L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 461 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676593639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Favorable+structural+settings+of+active+geothermal+systems+in+the+Great+Basin+region%2C+Western+USA%3B+implications+for+fluid+flow%2C+normal+faulting+mechanics%2C+and+geothermal+and+epithermal+mineral+exploration&rft.au=Faulds%2C+James+E%3BHinz%2C+Nicholas+H%3BCoolbaugh%2C+Mark+F%3BSiler%2C+Drew+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Faulds&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Processes controlling delta (super 7) Li in rivers illuminated by study of streams and groundwaters draining basalt AN - 1676588901; 2015-037575 AB - We evaluate the factors influencing the abundance, [Li], and isotopic composition of riverine Li delivered to the oceans through analyses and modeling of [Li] and delta (super 7) Li in streams and groundwaters draining a single continental lithology, the Columbia River Basalts (CRBs). The streams were sampled in different climate zones that lie east (dry), and west (wet) of the Cascades Mountains, and during two different seasons (summer and late winter) in order to evaluate climatic and seasonal influences on Li isotopes in rivers. Dissolved Li (delta (super 7) Li (sub dis) =+9.3 to +30.4) is systematically heavier than that of fresh or weathered CRBs, suspended loads (-5.9 to -0.3), and shallow groundwaters (+6.7 to +9.4), consistent with previous studies showing that Li isotope fractionation is affected by equilibration between stream water and secondary minerals. The heavier Li in streams compared to the shallow groundwaters that feed them indicates that continued isotopic fractionation between stream water and suspended and/or bed loads has a major influence on riverine delta (super 7) Li. Seasonal delta (super 7) Li variation is observed only for streams west of the Cascades, where the difference in precipitation rate between the dry and wet seasons is greatest. Reactive transport model simulations reveal that riverine delta (super 7) Li is strongly controlled by subsurface residence times and the Li isotope fractionation occurring within rivers. The latter explains why there is no positive correlation between delta (super 7) Li and traditional weathering proxies such as Si or normalized Si in rivers, as riverine Li isotope fractionation drives delta (super 7) Li to higher values during transport, whereas the concentrations of major cations and anions are diluted. The varying residence time for groundwaters feeding the western streams in summer (long residence times, higher delta (super 7) Li, greater weathering) and winter (short residence times, lower delta (super 7) Li, less weathering) explains the observed seasonal variations. A global, negative correlation between delta (super 7) Li and Li/Na for streams and rivers draining basaltic catchments reflects the overall transport time, hence the amount of silicate weathering. Based on our results, the increase of delta (super 7) Li in seawater during the Cenozoic is unlikely related to changing climate, but may reflect mountain building giving rise to increased silicate weathering. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Liu, Xiao-Ming AU - Wanner, Christoph AU - Rudnick, Roberta L AU - McDonough, William F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 468 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676588901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Processes+controlling+delta+%28super+7%29+Li+in+rivers+illuminated+by+study+of+streams+and+groundwaters+draining+basalt&rft.au=Liu%2C+Xiao-Ming%3BWanner%2C+Christoph%3BRudnick%2C+Roberta+L%3BMcDonough%2C+William+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Xiao-Ming&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=468&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental constraints on hydrothermal circulation in mid-ocean ridges AN - 1676585408; 2015-038740 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Pester, N J AU - Schaen, A T AU - Ding, K AU - Seyfried, W E, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1943 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - chlorine KW - experimental studies KW - geologic thermometry KW - physicochemical properties KW - halogens KW - calibration KW - salinity KW - manganese KW - iron KW - models KW - partition coefficients KW - chemical reactions KW - silica KW - metals KW - ocean floors KW - accuracy KW - vents KW - chlorinity KW - P-T conditions KW - mid-ocean ridges KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676585408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Experimental+constraints+on+hydrothermal+circulation+in+mid-ocean+ridges&rft.au=Pester%2C+N+J%3BSchaen%2C+A+T%3BDing%2C+K%3BSeyfried%2C+W+E%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pester&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt abstracts 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; calibration; chemical reactions; chlorine; chlorinity; experimental studies; geologic thermometry; halogens; iron; manganese; metals; mid-ocean ridges; models; ocean floors; P-T conditions; partition coefficients; physicochemical properties; salinity; silica; vents; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Are organic macromolecules in meteorites formed within the solar system? AN - 1668230983; 2015-027413 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Chakraborty, S AU - Jackson, Teresa L AU - Muskatel, H B AU - Ahmed, Musahid AU - Rude, Bruce AU - Levine, R D AU - Thiemens, M H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 EP - Abstract 2452 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 45 KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - nitrogenation KW - meteorites KW - electromagnetic radiation KW - spectra KW - solar system KW - experimental studies KW - N-15/N-14 KW - isotope ratios KW - photochemistry KW - cosmochemistry KW - VUV photolysis KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - solar nebula KW - polycyclic aromatic nitrogen heterocycles KW - organic compounds KW - vacuum ultraviolet radiation KW - photolysis KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668230983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Are+organic+macromolecules+in+meteorites+formed+within+the+solar+system%3F&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+S%3BJackson%2C+Teresa+L%3BMuskatel%2C+H+B%3BAhmed%2C+Musahid%3BRude%2C+Bruce%3BLevine%2C+R+D%3BThiemens%2C+M+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2014/pdf/2452.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 45th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Aug. 25, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; cosmochemistry; electromagnetic radiation; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; meteorites; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; nitrogenation; organic compounds; photochemistry; photolysis; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; polycyclic aromatic nitrogen heterocycles; solar nebula; solar system; spectra; stable isotopes; ultraviolet radiation; vacuum ultraviolet radiation; VUV photolysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development an an X-ray microcalorimeter for spectroscopic imaging and trace element analysis of cometary and interstellar particles returned by Stardust AN - 1668230522; 2015-027460 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Silver, E AU - Lin, T AU - Vicenzi, E P AU - Westphal, A J AU - Beeman, J AU - Haller, E E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 EP - Abstract 2635 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 45 KW - Nantan Meteorite KW - imagery KW - chemical analysis KW - IIICD iron meteorites KW - development KW - Stardust Mission KW - X-ray microcalorimeter spectroscopy KW - siderophile elements KW - simulation KW - meteorites KW - cosmic dust KW - X-ray data KW - detection KW - comets KW - iron meteorites KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - X-ray analysis KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - spectroscopy KW - interstellar dust KW - instruments KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668230522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Development+an+an+X-ray+microcalorimeter+for+spectroscopic+imaging+and+trace+element+analysis+of+cometary+and+interstellar+particles+returned+by+Stardust&rft.au=Silver%2C+E%3BLin%2C+T%3BVicenzi%2C+E+P%3BWestphal%2C+A+J%3BBeeman%2C+J%3BHaller%2C+E+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Silver&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2014/pdf/2635.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 45th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 4, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical analysis; chemical composition; comets; cosmic dust; detection; development; IIICD iron meteorites; imagery; instruments; interstellar dust; iron meteorites; meteorites; Nantan Meteorite; siderophile elements; simulation; spectroscopy; Stardust Mission; trace elements; X-ray analysis; X-ray data; X-ray microcalorimeter spectroscopy; X-ray spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nucleation of magnesium carbonate on quartz surfaces using in situ GISAXS AN - 1668228700; 2015-027996 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Lee, Namhey AU - Lee, Byeongdu AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1389 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - processes KW - in situ KW - silica minerals KW - magnesium carbonate KW - solution KW - carbon dioxide KW - X-ray data KW - nucleation KW - quantitative analysis KW - quartz KW - framework silicates KW - carbonates KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668228700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Nucleation+of+magnesium+carbonate+on+quartz+surfaces+using+in+situ+GISAXS&rft.au=Lee%2C+Namhey%3BLee%2C+Byeongdu%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Namhey&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbonates; framework silicates; in situ; magnesium carbonate; nucleation; processes; quantitative analysis; quartz; silica minerals; silicates; solution; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitive model for beta -FeOOH nucleation and growth determined using small angle X-ray scattering AN - 1668228479; 2015-028003 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Legg, Benjamin A AU - Zhu, Mengqiang AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1396 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - in situ KW - oxyhydroxides KW - crystal growth KW - variations KW - models KW - hydroxides KW - nucleation KW - quantitative analysis KW - precipitation KW - oxides KW - nanoparticles KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668228479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Quantitive+model+for+beta+-FeOOH+nucleation+and+growth+determined+using+small+angle+X-ray+scattering&rft.au=Legg%2C+Benjamin+A%3BZhu%2C+Mengqiang%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Legg&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1396&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal growth; hydroxides; in situ; models; nanoparticles; nucleation; oxides; oxyhydroxides; pH; precipitation; processes; quantitative analysis; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron-L (sub 3) spectroscopic analysis of Stardust interstellar dust candidate I1043,1,30 (Orion) AN - 1668228438; 2015-027461 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Butterworth, Anna L AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Westphal, Andrew J AU - Gainsforth, Zack AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 EP - Abstract 2746 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 45 KW - Stardust Mission KW - X-ray spectra KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - synchrotron radiation KW - ferric iron KW - cosmic dust KW - presolar grains KW - Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination KW - metals KW - spectra KW - interstellar dust KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668228438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Iron-L+%28sub+3%29+spectroscopic+analysis+of+Stardust+interstellar+dust+candidate+I1043%2C1%2C30+%28Orion%29&rft.au=Butterworth%2C+Anna+L%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BWestphal%2C+Andrew+J%3BGainsforth%2C+Zack%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Butterworth&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2014/pdf/2746.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 45th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 4, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cosmic dust; ferric iron; interstellar dust; iron; metals; presolar grains; spectra; Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination; Stardust Mission; synchrotron radiation; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diversity in carbon K-edge XANES among presolar graphite grains AN - 1660631703; 2015-018548 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Groopman, E AU - Nittler, L R AU - Bernatowicz, T J AU - Croat, T K AU - Zinner, E AU - Kolcoyne, A L D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 EP - Abstract 1492 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 45 KW - CI chondrites KW - stony meteorites KW - Orgueil Meteorite KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - native elements KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - X-ray spectra KW - Murchison Meteorite KW - XANES spectra KW - asymptotic giant branch stars KW - meteorites KW - graphite KW - organic compounds KW - presolar grains KW - stars KW - hydrocarbons KW - spectra KW - CM chondrites KW - heterogeneity KW - chondrites KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - ketones KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660631703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Diversity+in+carbon+K-edge+XANES+among+presolar+graphite+grains&rft.au=Groopman%2C+E%3BNittler%2C+L+R%3BBernatowicz%2C+T+J%3BCroat%2C+T+K%3BZinner%2C+E%3BKolcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Groopman&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2014/pdf/1492.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 45th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on May 12, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; aromatic hydrocarbons; asymptotic giant branch stars; carbonaceous chondrites; chondrites; CI chondrites; CM chondrites; graphite; heterogeneity; hydrocarbons; ketones; meteorites; Murchison Meteorite; native elements; organic compounds; Orgueil Meteorite; presolar grains; spectra; stars; stony meteorites; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of low field proton nuclear magnetic resonance to monitor microbial and iron mineralization processes in soils; laboratory and field examples AN - 1660631055; 2015-021372 AB - Effective contaminant remediation is often limited by our ability to monitor in situ microbial and geochemical processes in soils and sediments. As such, in recent years non- and minimally-invasive geophysical methods such as spectral induced polarization (SIP) have been successfully applied to characterize contaminant plumes and monitor contaminant remediation. The success of such methods stems from their sensitivity to processes associated with contaminant remediation, including microbial activity and mineral precipitation. However, geophysical datasets generated from a single method can be difficult to interpret, as they are sensitive to multiple processes and thus are not uniquely sensitive to the process of interest. The geophysical method, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is sensitive to the molecular-scale physical and chemical environment of pore-water in geological materials. In our research we are interested in assessing the use of NMR, both alone and in combination with other geophysical methods, specifically SIP and magnetic susceptibility (MS), to monitor biogeochemical processes associated with contaminant remediation. Using laboratory measurements on model microbial organisms and synthetic sediments, we determined the sensitivity of NMR to the presence of microbes, microbial growth, and iron mineralization. Following this analysis, we evaluated the use of NMR to monitor natural and stimulated redox processes at the Rifle Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site. The Rifle IFRC site is located at a former uranium ore processing facility in Rifle, CO and efforts are underway to remediate and immobilize residual uranium contamination using natural and stimulated biogeochemical processes. A 15 month continuous NMR borehole logging data set collected in an acetate-amended well showed measureable changes in the NMR relaxation response associated with spring run off, likely due to the oxidation of previously amended sediments. A final set of laboratory NMR, SIP, and MS measurements collected on stimulated and non-stimulated columns packed with Rifle sediments confirmed the results of the field study and allowed us to evaluate the efficacy of these geophysical methods for monitoring the central biogeochemical processes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Keating, Kristina AU - Rosier, Carl AU - Zhang, Chi AU - Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios AU - Grunewald, Elliot AU - Walsh, David O AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 98 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660631055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+use+of+low+field+proton+nuclear+magnetic+resonance+to+monitor+microbial+and+iron+mineralization+processes+in+soils%3B+laboratory+and+field+examples&rft.au=Keating%2C+Kristina%3BRosier%2C+Carl%3BZhang%2C+Chi%3BNtarlagiannis%2C+Dimitrios%3BGrunewald%2C+Elliot%3BWalsh%2C+David+O%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Keating&rft.aufirst=Kristina&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical controls on composition of hydrothermal vent fluids at mid-ocean ridges AN - 1656038704; 2015-017013 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Seyfried, W E, Jr AU - Pester, N J AU - Ding, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2254 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - alteration KW - buffers KW - hydrothermal vents KW - halogens KW - silicon KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - controls KW - Mid-Atlantic Ridge KW - geothermal systems KW - geochemical controls KW - sea-floor spreading KW - composition KW - ocean floors KW - pH KW - Eh KW - processes KW - East Pacific KW - chlorine KW - solutes KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - Pacific Ocean KW - East Pacific Rise KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - mid-ocean ridges KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656038704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Geochemical+controls+on+composition+of+hydrothermal+vent+fluids+at+mid-ocean+ridges&rft.au=Seyfried%2C+W+E%2C+Jr%3BPester%2C+N+J%3BDing%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Seyfried&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2254&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; Atlantic Ocean; buffers; carbon dioxide; chlorine; composition; controls; East Pacific; East Pacific Rise; Eh; geochemical controls; geothermal systems; halogens; hydrogen; hydrogen sulfide; hydrothermal vents; iron; metals; Mid-Atlantic Ridge; mid-ocean ridges; ocean floors; Pacific Ocean; pH; processes; sea-floor spreading; silicon; solutes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - (super 238) U/ (super 235) U changes in groundwater associated with re-oxidation of reductively immobilized uranium AN - 1656036602; 2015-017049 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Shiel, A E AU - Lundstrom, C C AU - Johnson, T M AU - Long, P E AU - Williams, K H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2290 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - oxidation KW - solutes KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Rifle Colorado KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-235 KW - Colorado KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656036602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=%28super+238%29+U%2F+%28super+235%29+U+changes+in+groundwater+associated+with+re-oxidation+of+reductively+immobilized+uranium&rft.au=Shiel%2C+A+E%3BLundstrom%2C+C+C%3BJohnson%2C+T+M%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shiel&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bioremediation; Colorado; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; oxidation; oxygen; radioactive isotopes; remediation; Rifle Colorado; solutes; U-238/U-235; United States; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The formation and fate of minerals in buoyant rising plume AN - 1656036295; 2015-015247 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Sorensen, J AU - Breier, J AU - Jiang, H AU - Dick, G AU - Tamura, N AU - Kunz, M AU - Toner, B M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2355 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - East Pacific KW - zinc KW - plumes KW - in situ KW - copper KW - Lau Basin KW - Kilo Moana KW - solutes KW - phosphorus KW - South Pacific KW - X-ray spectra KW - Southeast Pacific KW - iron KW - buoyancy KW - mixing KW - metals KW - filtration KW - Pacific Ocean KW - spectra KW - vents KW - particles KW - minerals KW - chemical fractionation KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656036295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Modeling+light+trapping+in+nanostructured+solar+cells.&rft.au=Ferry%2C+Vivian+E%3BPolman%2C+Albert%3BAtwater%2C+Harry+A&rft.aulast=Ferry&rft.aufirst=Vivian&rft.date=2011-12-27&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=10055&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnn203906t LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buoyancy; chemical fractionation; copper; East Pacific; filtration; in situ; iron; Kilo Moana; Lau Basin; metals; minerals; mixing; Pacific Ocean; particles; phosphorus; plumes; solutes; South Pacific; Southeast Pacific; spectra; vents; X-ray spectra; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The GEWaSC framework; multiscale modeling of coupled biogeochemical, microbiological, and hydrological processes AN - 1656035371; 2015-015265 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Steefel, C I AU - Brodie, E L AU - Bouskill, N AU - Molins, S AU - Arora, B AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Karaoz, U AU - Spycher, N AU - Maxwell, R M AU - Trebotich, D AU - Navarre-Sitchler, A AU - Beisman, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2373 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - GEWaSC KW - watersheds KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - variations KW - ground water KW - Colorado River KW - saturated zone KW - hydrologic cycle KW - transport KW - Western U.S. KW - carbon KW - applications KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - biochemistry KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - models KW - Rifle flood plain KW - seasonal variations KW - carbon cycle KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656035371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+GEWaSC+framework%3B+multiscale+modeling+of+coupled+biogeochemical%2C+microbiological%2C+and+hydrological+processes&rft.au=Steefel%2C+C+I%3BBrodie%2C+E+L%3BBouskill%2C+N%3BMolins%2C+S%3BArora%2C+B%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BKaraoz%2C+U%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BMaxwell%2C+R+M%3BTrebotich%2C+D%3BNavarre-Sitchler%2C+A%3BBeisman%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; aquifers; biochemistry; carbon; carbon cycle; climate change; Colorado River; geochemical cycle; GEWaSC; ground water; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; models; nutrients; processes; Rifle flood plain; saturated zone; seasonal variations; simulation; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; variations; watersheds; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A floodplain perspective on elemental cycling and uranium plume persistence AN - 1656034804; 2015-015306 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Bargar, John R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2714 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - contaminant plumes KW - floodplains KW - bioavailability KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - Rifle Colorado KW - carbon KW - organic nitrogen KW - organic carbon KW - water pollution KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - geochemical cycle KW - metals KW - fluvial features KW - sulfur KW - uranium KW - seasonal variations KW - Colorado KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656034804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=A+floodplain+perspective+on+elemental+cycling+and+uranium+plume+persistence&rft.au=Williams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2714&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aerobic environment; bioavailability; biochemistry; carbon; Colorado; contaminant plumes; experimental studies; floodplains; fluvial features; Garfield County Colorado; geochemical cycle; ground water; metals; nitrogen; organic carbon; organic nitrogen; pollutants; pollution; Rifle Colorado; seasonal variations; sulfur; United States; uranium; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport benchmarks for multicomponent diffusion and electrical double layer transport AN - 1656033954; 2015-015264 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Steefel, C I AU - Alt-Epping, P AU - Rasouli, P AU - Mayer, K U AU - Jenni, A AU - Rolle, M AU - Tournassat, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2372 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - PHREEQC KW - diffusion KW - one-dimensional models KW - equations KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - CrunchFlow KW - transport KW - MIN3P KW - movement KW - reactive transport KW - applications KW - accuracy KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656033954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+benchmarks+for+multicomponent+diffusion+and+electrical+double+layer+transport&rft.au=Steefel%2C+C+I%3BAlt-Epping%2C+P%3BRasouli%2C+P%3BMayer%2C+K+U%3BJenni%2C+A%3BRolle%2C+M%3BTournassat%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; applications; CrunchFlow; diffusion; equations; ground water; MIN3P; movement; one-dimensional models; PHREEQC; reactive transport; transport; two-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metatranscriptomic analysis of lignocellulolytic microbial communities involved in high-solids decomposition of rice straw AN - 1654674294; PQ0001030764 AB - Background: New lignocellulolytic enzymes are needed that maintain optimal activity under the harsh conditions present during industrial enzymatic deconstruction of biomass, including high temperatures, the absence of free water, and the presence of inhibitors from the biomass. Enriching lignocellulolytic microbial communities under these conditions provides a source of microorganisms that may yield robust lignocellulolytic enzymes tolerant to the extreme conditions needed to improve the throughput and efficiency of biomass enzymatic deconstruction. Identification of promising enzymes from these systems is challenging due to complex substrate-enzyme interactions and requirements to assay for activity. In this study, metatranscriptomes from compost-derived microbial communities enriched on rice straw under thermophilic and mesophilic conditions were sequenced and analyzed to identify lignocellulolytic enzymes overexpressed under thermophilic conditions. To determine differential gene expression across mesophilic and thermophilic treatments, a method was developed which pooled gene expression by functional category, as indicated by Pfam annotations, since microbial communities performing similar tasks are likely to have overlapping functions even if they share no specific genes. Results: Differential expression analysis identified enzymes from glycoside hydrolase family 48, carbohydrate binding module family 2, and carbohydrate binding module family 33 domains as significantly overexpressed in the thermophilic community. Overexpression of these protein families in the thermophilic community resulted from expression of a small number of genes not currently represented in any protein database. Genes in overexpressed protein families were predominantly expressed by a single Actinobacteria genus, Micromonospora. Conclusions: Coupling measurements of deconstructive activity with comparative analyses to identify overexpressed enzymes in lignocellulolytic communities provides a targeted approach for discovery of candidate enzymes for more efficient biomass deconstruction. Glycoside hydrolase family 48 cellulases and carbohydrate binding module family 33 polysaccharide monooxygenases with carbohydrate binding module family 2 domains may improve saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass under high-temperature and low moisture conditions relevant to industrial biofuel production. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Simmons, Christopher W AU - Reddy, Amitha P AU - D'haeseleer, Patrik AU - Khudyakov, Jane AU - Billis, Konstantinos AU - Pati, Amrita AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singer, Steven W AU - Thelen, Michael P AU - VanderGheynst, Jean S AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville 94608, CA, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 495 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Lignocellulose deconstruction KW - Solid-state culture KW - Microbial communities KW - Biofuels KW - Cellulase KW - Glycoside hydrolase family 48 KW - Carbohydrate binding module family 2 KW - Carbohydrate binding module family 33 KW - monooxygenase KW - Oryza sativa KW - protein families KW - Enzymes KW - Water temperature KW - Polysaccharides KW - Biomass KW - Decomposition KW - Gene expression KW - Databases KW - Micromonospora KW - Actinobacteria KW - Microorganisms KW - glycoside hydrolase KW - Straw KW - Carbohydrates KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1654674294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+chemical+biology&rft.atitle=Protein+side-chain+translocation+mutagenesis+via+incorporation+of+peptoid+residues.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Byoung-Chul%3BZuckermann%2C+Ronald+N&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Byoung-Chul&rft.date=2011-12-16&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+chemical+biology&rft.issn=1554-8937&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fcb200300w L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/7/1/495 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - monooxygenase; Enzymes; protein families; Water temperature; Biomass; Polysaccharides; Decomposition; Cellulase; Gene expression; Databases; Microorganisms; glycoside hydrolase; Carbohydrates; Straw; Biofuels; Micromonospora; Actinobacteria; Oryza sativa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-014-0180-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Viral influence on terrestrial subsurface carbon biogeochemical cycling AN - 1648905518; 2015-009471 AB - Microorganisms play a fundamental role driving geochemical cycles throughout Earth history. Viruses are the most abundant biological entity on Earth and often exceed cell abundance. While microbiota significantly influence geochemical cycling, viral infection of metabolically active microorganisms is poorly understood, especially in terrestrial subsurface systems. Here, we investigated the production of viruses in relationship to carbon biogeochemistry in two shallow aquifers. Subsurface sediment slurries collected in NE were amended with (super 13) C labeled organic carbon (OC) as acetate and nitrate. Biostimulation resulted in viral production concurrent with acetate oxidation, (super 13) CO (sub 2) production, and nitrate reduction. Interestingly, change in viral abundance was positively correlated to OC consumption (r (super 2) =0.63) and (super 13) CO (sub 2) production (r (super 2) =0.66) whereas change in cell abundance was not correlated to carbon consumption or (super 13) CO (sub 2) production. This result indicates that viruses are lysing metabolically active cells. Change in viral abundance was also correlated to changes in microbial community structure, specifically Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria. These results are not necessarily artifacts of bottle experiments. During an in situ biostimulation experiment (O (sub 2) injection) in a shallow aquifer near Rifle, CO, virus to cell ratio increased (from 6.4+ or -3.3 to 15.5+ or -4.0) in association with variation in groundwater redox chemistry and OC. Within unstimulated groundwater, viral abundance is also correlated to dissolved OC (r (super 2) =0.30). This further supports our bottle experiments that viruses are produced in response to OC or by stimulation of microbial activity. Together these results demonstrate that viruses play a role in carbon biogeochemistry and can serve as an indicator of microbial metabolic activity. While viruses are incapable of carbon metabolism, viruses influence subsurface carbon cycling by infecting and lysing host cells. This results in release of OC bound in biomass, subsequently influencing the structure and function of microbial communities. Thus, prokaryotes cannot be considered as the sole biological force in the subsurface because viral infection will influence carbon bioavailability and biogeochemical cycling. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Pan, Donald AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Watson, Rachel AU - Wang, Dake AU - Tan, Zheng Huan AU - Snow, Daniel AU - Robbins, Mark J AU - Weber, Karrie A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 8 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 4 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648905518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Viral+influence+on+terrestrial+subsurface+carbon+biogeochemical+cycling&rft.au=Pan%2C+Donald%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BWatson%2C+Rachel%3BWang%2C+Dake%3BTan%2C+Zheng+Huan%3BSnow%2C+Daniel%3BRobbins%2C+Mark+J%3BWeber%2C+Karrie+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2014NC/webprogram/Paper237654.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, North-Central Section, 48th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Krauklis wave in a trilayer AN - 1629946539; 2014-097195 AB - The aeKrauklis wave is a slow dispersive wave mode that propagates in a fluid layer bounded by elastic media. The guided properties of this wave and its ability to generate very short wavelengths at seismic frequency range predict possibility of resonances in fluid-filled rock fractures. Study of Krauklis wave properties at laboratory scales requires evaluation of its propagation velocities in models with finite and thin elastic walls. Analysis of an exact solution for a fluid-filled aetrilayer with equal thickness plates reveals existence of the aeKrauklis waves in such a model, as well as another mode which propagates mostly in the solid part. Both propagation modes exist at all frequencies. We derived and verified various asymptotic solutions by comparing their dependencies on layer thicknesses and frequency with the exact numerical solution. Analytical and computational results demonstrate that in a 60-cm-long model, the first resonant frequency can be below 10 Hz. This result suggests that the Krauklis-wave effects can be studied in a laboratory at seismic range of frequencies avoiding a notorious problem of frequency downscaling. Strong dispersive properties of Krauklis waves and their dominant behavior in fluid-fracture systems are likely phenomena explaining the observed frequency-dependent seismic effects in natural underground reservoirs. JF - Geophysics AU - Korneev (Korneyev), Valeri (Valeriy) AU - Danilovskaya, Ludmila (Lyudmila) AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Moridis, George Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - L33 EP - L39 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 79 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - liquid phase KW - numerical models KW - guided waves KW - geophysical methods KW - mathematical models KW - Krauklis wave KW - fluid phase KW - elastic waves KW - equations KW - elastic materials KW - layered materials KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - fractures KW - theoretical studies KW - surface waves KW - velocity KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - wave dispersion KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629946539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Krauklis+wave+in+a+trilayer&rft.au=Korneev+%28Korneyev%29%2C+Valeri+%28Valeriy%29%3BDanilovskaya%2C+Ludmila+%28Lyudmila%29%3BNakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BMoridis%2C+George&rft.aulast=Korneev+%28Korneyev%29&rft.aufirst=Valeri&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=L33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2013-0216.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - elastic materials; elastic waves; equations; fluid phase; fractures; geophysical methods; guided waves; Krauklis wave; layered materials; liquid phase; mathematical models; numerical models; propagation; reservoir rocks; seismic methods; seismic waves; surface waves; theoretical studies; velocity; wave dispersion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0216.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of Sr (super 2+) on the structure, stability and crystallisation of amorphous CaCO (sub 3) AN - 1629944671; 2014-093945 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Rodriguez-Blanco, J D AU - Tobler, D J AU - Dideriksen, K AU - Benning, Liane G AU - Sand, K K AU - Stipp, S L S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2103 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - calcium KW - sea water KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - coordination KW - stability KW - crystal structure KW - sedimentary rocks KW - vaterite KW - calcium carbonate KW - kinetics KW - high-resolution methods KW - alkaline earth metals KW - amorphous materials KW - effects KW - calcite KW - paleoenvironment KW - metals KW - diagenesis KW - crystallization KW - cations KW - carbonate rocks KW - nanoparticles KW - carbonates KW - strontium KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629944671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+Sr+%28super+2%2B%29+on+the+structure%2C+stability+and+crystallisation+of+amorphous+CaCO+%28sub+3%29&rft.au=Rodriguez-Blanco%2C+J+D%3BTobler%2C+D+J%3BDideriksen%2C+K%3BBenning%2C+Liane+G%3BSand%2C+K+K%3BStipp%2C+S+L+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rodriguez-Blanco&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; amorphous materials; calcite; calcium; calcium carbonate; carbonate rocks; carbonates; cations; coordination; crystal structure; crystallization; diagenesis; effects; high-resolution methods; kinetics; metals; nanoparticles; paleoenvironment; sea water; sedimentary rocks; stability; strontium; vaterite; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the potential of geophysical methods to detect subsurface changes in iron-mineral chemistry AN - 1629943693; 2014-093961 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Rosier, C AU - Keating, K AU - Williams, K AU - Ntarlagiannis, D AU - Grunewald, E AU - Walsh, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2119 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - bioavailability KW - NMR spectra KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - Rifle Colorado KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - induced polarization KW - spectra KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - well logs KW - iron minerals KW - in situ KW - oxidation KW - geophysical methods KW - solutes KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - detection KW - boreholes KW - runoff KW - crystal chemistry KW - Colorado KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629943693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+potential+of+geophysical+methods+to+detect+subsurface+changes+in+iron-mineral+chemistry&rft.au=Rosier%2C+C%3BKeating%2C+K%3BWilliams%2C+K%3BNtarlagiannis%2C+D%3BGrunewald%2C+E%3BWalsh%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rosier&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bioavailability; boreholes; Colorado; crystal chemistry; detection; experimental studies; Garfield County Colorado; geophysical methods; ground water; in situ; induced polarization; iron minerals; laboratory studies; magnetite; measurement; monitoring; NMR spectra; oxidation; oxides; oxygen; Rifle Colorado; runoff; sediments; solutes; spectra; United States; well logs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fast iterative implementation of large-scale nonlinear geostatistical inverse modeling AN - 1560132683; 19433876 AB - In nonlinear geostatistical inverse problems, it often takes a significant amount of computational cost to form linear geostatistical inversion systems by linearizing the forward model. More specifically, the storage cost associated with the sensitivity matrix H (m n, where m and n are the numbers of measurements and unknowns, respectively) is high, especially when both m and n are large in for instance, 3-D tomography problems. In this research, instead of explicitly forming and directly solving the linear geostatistical inversion system, we use MINRES, a Krylov subspace method, to solve it iteratively. During each iteration in MINRES, we only compute the products Hx and H super(T)x for any appropriately sized vectors x, for which we solve the forward problem twice. As a result, we reduce the memory requirement. This iterative methodology is combined with the Bayesian inverse method in Kitanidis (1996) to solve large-scale inversion problems. The computational advantages of our methodology are demonstrated using a large-scale 3-D numerical hydraulic tomography problem with transient pressure measurements (250,000 unknowns and 100,000 measurements). In this case, 200 GB of memory would otherwise be required to fully compute and store the sensitivity matrix H at each Newton step during optimization. The CPU cost can also be significantly reduced in terms of the total number of forward simulations. In the end, we discuss potential extension of the methodology to other geostatistical methods such as the Successive Linear Estimator. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Liu, Xiaoyi AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Kitanidis, Peter K AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - Jan 2014 SP - 198 EP - 207 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - geostatistical inverse modeling KW - Krylov subspace methods KW - large-scale inversion KW - MINRES KW - Hydraulics KW - Water resources KW - Inversions KW - Model Studies KW - Pressure measurement KW - Costs KW - Storage KW - Numerical simulations KW - Pressure measurements KW - Water resources research KW - Optimization KW - Modelling KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - Q2 09162:Methods and instruments KW - SW 6010:Structures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560132683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Fast+iterative+implementation+of+large-scale+nonlinear+geostatistical+inverse+modeling&rft.au=Liu%2C+Xiaoyi%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter+K%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Xiaoyi&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2012WR013241 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water resources; Inversions; Modelling; Pressure measurement; Numerical simulations; Pressure measurements; Water resources research; Storage; Costs; Hydraulics; Optimization; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2012WR013241 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid detection of defects in fuel-cell electrodes using infrared reactive-flow-through technique AN - 1560107086; 20433146 AB - As fuel cells become more prominent, new manufacturing and production methods will need to be developed to deal efficiently and effectively with increased demand. One necessary component of this industrial growth is the accurate measurement of the variability in the manufacturing process. In this study, we present a diagnostic system that combines infrared thermography with a reactive-flow-through technique to detect catalyst-loading defects in fuel-cell gas-diffusion electrodes accurately with high spatial and temporal resolutions. Experimental results are compared with model predictions of thermal response with good agreement. Data analysis, operating-condition impacts, and detection limits are explored using both experiments and simulation. Overall, the results demonstrate the potential of this technique to measure defects on the millimeter length scale with temporal resolutions appropriate for use on a web-line. Thus we present the first development stage of a next-generation non-destructive diagnostic tool, which may be amenable to eventual use on roll-to-roll manufacturing lines. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Das, Prodip K AU - Weber, Adam Z AU - Bender, Guido AU - Manak, Austin AU - Bittinat, Daniel AU - Herring, Andrew M AU - Ulsh, Michael AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, michael.ulsh@nrel.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 401 EP - 411 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 261 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Catalyst layer KW - Defect detection KW - Infrared thermography KW - Fuel cells KW - Manufacturing KW - Prediction KW - Fuel technology KW - Manufacturing industry KW - Electrodes KW - Simulation KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560107086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Rapid+detection+of+defects+in+fuel-cell+electrodes+using+infrared+reactive-flow-through+technique&rft.au=Das%2C+Prodip+K%3BWeber%2C+Adam+Z%3BBender%2C+Guido%3BManak%2C+Austin%3BBittinat%2C+Daniel%3BHerring%2C+Andrew+M%3BUlsh%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=Prodip&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=261&rft.issue=&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2013.11.124 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Manufacturing industry; Fuel technology; Electrodes; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.11.124 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extreme aliphatic and aromatic organic matter preserved in Comet 81P/Wild 2 AN - 1549617743; 2014-060240 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - De Gregorio, Bradley T AU - Stroud, Rhonda M AU - Nittler, Larry R AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 EP - Abstract 2759 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 45 KW - ion probe data KW - refractory materials KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - mass spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - hypervelocity impacts KW - Wild 2 Comet KW - spectra KW - carbonaceous composition KW - amorphous materials KW - parent bodies KW - native elements KW - impacts KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - graphitization KW - solar nebula KW - graphite KW - organic compounds KW - comets KW - hydrocarbons KW - heating KW - NanoSIMS KW - cometary dust KW - preservation KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1549617743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Extreme+aliphatic+and+aromatic+organic+matter+preserved+in+Comet+81P%2FWild+2&rft.au=De+Gregorio%2C+Bradley+T%3BStroud%2C+Rhonda+M%3BNittler%2C+Larry+R%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=De+Gregorio&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2014/pdf/2759.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 45th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Apr. 30, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-31 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; amorphous materials; aromatic hydrocarbons; carbonaceous composition; cometary dust; comets; graphite; graphitization; heating; hydrocarbons; hypervelocity impacts; impacts; ion probe data; mass spectra; NanoSIMS; native elements; organic compounds; parent bodies; preservation; refractory materials; solar nebula; spectra; TEM data; Wild 2 Comet; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ni zoned nano-pyrrhotite from Stardust track C2062,2,162 (Cecil) AN - 1549617429; 2014-060237 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Gainsforth, Zack AU - Ogliore, Ryan C AU - Bustillo, K AU - Westphal, Andrew J AU - Butterworth, Anna L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 EP - Abstract 2637 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 45 KW - silicates KW - particle tracks KW - metasomatism KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - Wild 2 Comet KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - alloys KW - spectra KW - condensates KW - pyrrhotite KW - zoning KW - troilite KW - sulfidation KW - Stardust Mission KW - condensation KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - EDS spectra KW - solar nebula KW - comets KW - metals KW - nickel KW - sulfides KW - cometary dust KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1549617429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Ni+zoned+nano-pyrrhotite+from+Stardust+track+C2062%2C2%2C162+%28Cecil%29&rft.au=Gainsforth%2C+Zack%3BOgliore%2C+Ryan+C%3BBustillo%2C+K%3BWestphal%2C+Andrew+J%3BButterworth%2C+Anna+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gainsforth&rft.aufirst=Zack&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2014/pdf/2637.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 45th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Apr. 30, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-31 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alloys; cometary dust; comets; condensates; condensation; EDS spectra; hydrothermal alteration; iron; metals; metasomatism; nickel; particle tracks; pyrrhotite; silicates; solar nebula; spectra; Stardust Mission; sulfidation; sulfides; TEM data; troilite; Wild 2 Comet; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modeling approach to represent hysteresis in capillary pressure-saturation relationship based on fluid connectivity in void space AN - 1545408172; 2014-055232 AB - This study presents a new model for description of hysteretic constitutive relationships between capillary pressure and saturation under capillary-dominated multiphase flow conditions in porous media. Hysteretic relationships are required for accurate prediction of spatial and temporal distribution of multiphase fluids in response to successively occurring drainage and imbibition events in porous media. In addition to contact angle effects, connectivity of the void space in the porous medium plays a central role for the macroscopic manifestation of hysteresis behavior and capillary entrapment of wetting and nonwetting fluids. The hysteretic constitutive model developed in this work uses void-size distribution and a measure of connectivity for void space to compute the hysteretic curves and to predict entrapped fluid-phase saturations. Two functions, the drainage connectivity function and the wetting connectivity function, are introduced to characterize connectivity of fluids in void space during drainage and wetting processes. These functions can be estimated through pore-scale simulations in computer-generated porous media or from traditional experimental measurements of primary drainage and main wetting curves. The hysteresis model results are verified by comparing the model predicted scanning curves with 3-D pore-scale simulations as well as with actual data sets obtained from column experiments found in the literature. Abstract Copyright (2013), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Cihan, Abdullah AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Illangasekare, Tissa H AU - Zhou, Quanlin Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 119 EP - 131 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - deep aquifers KW - hysteresis KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - three-dimensional models KW - data processing KW - connectivity KW - equations KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - gas injection KW - fluid injection KW - saturation KW - digital simulation KW - multiphase flow KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545408172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+modeling+approach+to+represent+hysteresis+in+capillary+pressure-saturation+relationship+based+on+fluid+connectivity+in+void+space&rft.au=Cihan%2C+Abdullah%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens%3BIllangasekare%2C+Tissa+H%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin&rft.aulast=Cihan&rft.aufirst=Abdullah&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=23-24&rft.spage=3077&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tissue+Engineering%2C+Part+A%3A+Tissue+Engineering&rft.issn=19373341&rft_id=info:doi/10.1089%2Ften.tea.2011.0068 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; capillary pressure; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; connectivity; data processing; deep aquifers; digital simulation; equations; fluid injection; gas injection; ground water; hysteresis; multiphase flow; numerical models; porosity; saturation; three-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014280 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow in horizontally anisotropic multilayered aquifer systems with leaky wells and aquitards AN - 1545407738; 2014-055251 AB - Flow problems in an anisotropic domain can be transformed into ones in an equivalent isotropic domain by coordinate transformations. Once analytical solutions are obtained for the equivalent isotropic domain, they can be back transformed to the original anisotropic domain. The existing solutions presented by Cihan et al. (2011) for isotropic multilayered aquifer systems with alternating aquitards and multiple injection/pumping wells and leaky wells were modified to account for horizontal anisotropy in aquifers. The modified solutions for pressure buildup distribution and leakage rates through leaky wells can be used when the anisotropy direction and ratio ( K (sub x) /K (sub y) ) are assumed to be identical for all aquifers alternating with aquitards. However, for multilayered aquifers alternating with aquicludes, both the principal direction of the anisotropic horizontal conductivity and the anisotropy ratio can be different in each aquifer. With coordinate transformation, a circular well with finite radius becomes an ellipse, and thus in the transformed domain the head contours in the immediate vicinity of the well have elliptical shapes. Through a radial flow approximation around the finite radius wells, the elliptical well boundaries in the transformed domain are approximated by an effective well radius expression. The analytical solutions with the effective radius approximations were compared with exact solutions as well as a numerical solution for elliptic flow. The effective well radius approximation is sufficiently accurate to predict the head buildup at the well bore of the injection/pumping wells for moderately anisotropic systems ( K (sub x) /K (sub y) <25). The effective radius approximation gives satisfactory results for predicting head buildup at observation points and leakage through leaky wells away from the injection/pumping wells even for highly anisotropic aquifer systems (K (sub x) /K (sub y) < 1000). JF - Water Resources Research AU - Cihan, Abdullah AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Kraemer, Stephen R Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 741 EP - 747 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - preferential flow KW - aquitards KW - layered materials KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - hydraulic head KW - theoretical models KW - leaky aquifers KW - water wells KW - anisotropy KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545407738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Flow+in+horizontally+anisotropic+multilayered+aquifer+systems+with+leaky+wells+and+aquitards&rft.au=Cihan%2C+Abdullah%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BKraemer%2C+Stephen+R&rft.aulast=Cihan&rft.aufirst=Abdullah&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013WR013867 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; aquifers; aquitards; boundary conditions; equations; ground water; hydraulic head; layered materials; leaky aquifers; mathematical models; preferential flow; theoretical models; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013WR013867 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a native Escherichia coli induction system for ionic liquid tolerance. AN - 1542651005; 24983352 AB - The ability to solubilize lignocellulose makes certain ionic liquids (ILs) very effective reagents for pretreating biomass prior to its saccharification for biofuel fermentation. However, residual IL in the aqueous sugar solution can inhibit the growth and function of biofuel-producing microorganisms. In E. coli this toxicity can be partially overcome by the heterologous expression of an IL efflux pump encoded by eilA from Enterobacter lignolyticus. In the present work, we used microarray analysis to identify native E. coli IL-inducible promoters and develop control systems for regulating eilA gene expression. Three candidate promoters, PmarR', PydfO', and PydfA', were selected and compared to the IPTG-inducible PlacUV5 system for controlling expression of eilA. The PydfA' and PmarR' based systems are as effective as PlacUV5 in their ability to rescue E. coli from typically toxic levels of IL, thereby eliminating the need to use an IPTG-based system for such tolerance engineering. We present a mechanistic model indicating that inducible control systems reduce target gene expression when IL levels are low. Selected-reaction monitoring mass spectrometry analysis revealed that at high IL concentrations EilA protein levels were significantly elevated under the control of PydfA' and PmarR' in comparison to the other promoters. Further, in a pooled culture competition designed to determine fitness, the strain containing pPmarR'-eilA outcompeted strains with other promoter constructs, most significantly at IL concentrations above 150 mM. These results indicate that native promoters such as PmarR' can provide effective systems for regulating the expression of heterologous genes in host engineering and simplify the development of industrially useful strains. JF - PloS one AU - Frederix, Marijke AU - Hütter, Kimmo AU - Leu, Jessica AU - Batth, Tanveer S AU - Turner, William J AU - Rüegg, Thomas L AU - Blanch, Harvey W AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Thelen, Michael P AU - Dunlop, Mary J AU - Petzold, Christopher J AU - Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America. ; School of Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America. ; Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America; Botanical Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Biology and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, United States of America. ; Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America. ; Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America; Biological and Materials Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, United States of America. ; Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, College of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America. ; Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America; Biology and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, United States of America. Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1 VL - 9 IS - 7 KW - EilA protein, E coli KW - 0 KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - Ionic Liquids KW - RNA, Bacterial KW - Index Medicus KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - RNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Transcriptome KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- genetics KW - Ionic Liquids -- pharmacology KW - Escherichia coli -- drug effects KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542651005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PloS+one&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+native+Escherichia+coli+induction+system+for+ionic+liquid+tolerance.&rft.au=Sleiman%2C+Mohamad%3BBan-Weiss%2C+George%3BGilbert%2C+Haley+E%3BFrancois%2C+David%3BBerdahl%2C+Paul%3BKirchstetter%2C+Thomas+W%3BDestaillats%2C+Hugo%3BLevinson%2C+Ronnen&rft.aulast=Sleiman&rft.aufirst=Mohamad&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Solar+Energy+Materials+and+Solar+Cells&rft.issn=09270248&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.solmat.2011.08.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-12-03 N1 - Date created - 2014-07-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mol Gen Genet. 1999 Sep;262(2):342-50 [10517331] J Bacteriol. 1997 Oct;179(19):6122-6 [9324261] Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2006 Jan;8(1):51-62 [16450885] Nat Methods. 2006 Aug;3(8):623-8 [16862137] Mol Cell Proteomics. 2007 Sep;6(9):1527-50 [17446557] J Hazard Mater. 2008 Feb 28;151(1):268-73 [18063302] J Mol Biol. 2008 Mar 28;377(3):655-67 [18272181] Biotechnol Bioeng. 2009 Sep 1;104(1):68-75 [19489027] PLoS One. 2009;4(7):e6441 [19649325] BMC Biotechnol. 2009;9:97 [19939278] Cell. 2010 Jan 8;140(1):19-23 [20085699] Water Res. 2010 Jan;44(2):352-72 [19854462] Bioinformatics. 2010 Apr 1;26(7):966-8 [20147306] Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010 Jun;87(1):117-26 [20182710] Bioresour Technol. 2010 Dec;101(23):8923-30 [20667722] J Bacteriol. 2010 Sep;192(18):4786-9 [20639340] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2011 Mar;18(3):262-9 [21317898] Metab Eng. 2011 Mar;13(2):194-203 [21215324] Nat Commun. 2010;1:147 [21266997] Biotechnol Bioeng. 2011 Jun;108(6):1229-45 [21337342] Mol Syst Biol. 2011 May 10;7:487 [21556065] BMC Mol Biol. 2011;12:18 [21513543] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Aug 7;109(32):E2173-82 [22586090] Nat Biotechnol. 2013 Nov;31(11):1039-46 [24142050] Nat Commun. 2014;5:3490 [24667370] J Bacteriol. 2000 Jun;182(12):3467-74 [10852879] Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2001 Jun;12(3):225-37 [11428915] Methods. 2001 Dec;25(4):402-8 [11846609] Mol Microbiol. 2002 Jun;44(6):1611-24 [12067348] J Mol Biol. 1991 Jul 5;220(1):35-48 [1712397] J Biol Chem. 1992 Dec 5;267(34):24253-8 [1447175] J Bacteriol. 1995 May;177(9):2305-14 [7730258] Bioresour Technol. 2005 Dec;96(18):2026-32 [16112491] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101115 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding cost drivers and economic potential of two variants of ionic liquid pretreatment for cellulosic biofuel production AN - 1540223995; 20139566 AB - Background: Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment could enable an economically viable route to produce biofuels by providing efficient means to extract sugars and lignin from lignocellulosic biomass. However, to realize this, novel IL-based processes need to be developed in order to minimize the overall production costs and accelerate commercial viability. In this study, two variants of IL-based processes are considered: one based on complete removal of the IL prior to hydrolysis using a water-wash (WW) step and the other based on a "one-pot" (OP) process that does not require IL removal prior to saccharification. Detailed techno-economic analysis (TEA) of these two routes was carried out to understand the cost drivers, economic potential (minimum ethanol selling price, MESP), and relative merits and challenges of each route. Results: At high biomass loading (50%), both routes exhibited comparable economic performance with an MESP of $6.3/gal. With the possible advances identified (reduced water or acid/base consumption, improved conversion in pretreatment, and lignin valorization), the MESP could be reduced to around $3/gal ($3.2 in the WW route and $2.8 in the OP route). Conclusions: It was found that, to be competitive at industrial scale, lowered cost of ILs used and higher biomass loadings (50%) are essential for both routes, and in particular for the OP route. Overall, while the economic potential of both routes appears to be comparable at higher biomass loadings, the OP route showed the benefit of lower water consumption at the plant level, an important cost and sustainability consideration for biorefineries. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Konda, NVSN Murthy AU - Shi, Jian AU - Singh, Seema AU - Blanch, Harvey W AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, 94608 Emeryville, CA, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 86 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Lignocellulosic biofuels KW - Ionic liquid pretreatment KW - Techno-economic analysis KW - One-pot process KW - Lignin valorization KW - Process modeling KW - Fuel technology KW - Sugar KW - Production costs KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - Sustainability KW - Water use KW - Tea KW - Economics KW - Lignin KW - Tetraethylammonium KW - Biotechnology KW - Biofuels KW - Ethanol KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540223995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Understanding+cost+drivers+and+economic+potential+of+two+variants+of+ionic+liquid+pretreatment+for+cellulosic+biofuel+production&rft.au=Konda%2C+NVSN+Murthy%3BShi%2C+Jian%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BBlanch%2C+Harvey+W%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BKlein-Marcuschamer%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Konda&rft.aufirst=NVSN&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=86&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-7-86 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/7/1/86 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Lignin; Economics; Tetraethylammonium; Biomass; Hydrolysis; Biofuels; Ethanol; Water use; Fuel technology; Tea; Production costs; Sustainability; Biotechnology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-7-86 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial community responses to organophosphate substrate additions in contaminated subsurface sediments. AN - 1539713202; 24950228 AB - BACKGROUNDRadionuclide- and heavy metal-contaminated subsurface sediments remain a legacy of Cold War nuclear weapons research and recent nuclear power plant failures. Within such contaminated sediments, remediation activities are necessary to mitigate groundwater contamination. A promising approach makes use of extant microbial communities capable of hydrolyzing organophosphate substrates to promote mineralization of soluble contaminants within deep subsurface environments.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGSUranium-contaminated sediments from the U.S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge Field Research Center (ORFRC) Area 2 site were used in slurry experiments to identify microbial communities involved in hydrolysis of 10 mM organophosphate amendments [i.e., glycerol-2-phosphate (G2P) or glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P)] in synthetic groundwater at pH 5.5 and pH 6.8. Following 36 day (G2P) and 20 day (G3P) amended treatments, maximum phosphate (PO4(3-)) concentrations of 4.8 mM and 8.9 mM were measured, respectively. Use of the PhyloChip 16S rRNA microarray identified 2,120 archaeal and bacterial taxa representing 46 phyla, 66 classes, 110 orders, and 186 families among all treatments. Measures of archaeal and bacterial richness were lowest under G2P (pH 5.5) treatments and greatest with G3P (pH 6.8) treatments. Members of the phyla Crenarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria demonstrated the greatest enrichment in response to organophosphate amendments and the OTUs that increased in relative abundance by 2-fold or greater accounted for 9%-50% and 3%-17% of total detected Archaea and Bacteria, respectively.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCEThis work provided a characterization of the distinct ORFRC subsurface microbial communities that contributed to increased concentrations of extracellular phosphate via hydrolysis of organophosphate substrate amendments. Within subsurface environments that are not ideal for reductive precipitation of uranium, strategies that harness microbial phosphate metabolism to promote uranium phosphate precipitation could offer an alternative approach for in situ sequestration. JF - PloS one AU - Martinez, Robert J AU - Wu, Cindy H AU - Beazley, Melanie J AU - Andersen, Gary L AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Taillefert, Martial AU - Sobecky, Patricia A AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States of America. ; Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America. ; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America. ; School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America. Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1 VL - 9 IS - 6 KW - Organophosphates KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- chemistry KW - Solubility KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Hydrolysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Organophosphates -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- cytology KW - Organophosphates -- chemistry KW - Archaea -- metabolism KW - Uranium -- metabolism KW - Uranium -- chemistry KW - Archaea -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1539713202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PloS+one&rft.atitle=Microbial+community+responses+to+organophosphate+substrate+additions+in+contaminated+subsurface+sediments.&rft.au=Martinez%2C+Robert+J%3BWu%2C+Cindy+H%3BBeazley%2C+Melanie+J%3BAndersen%2C+Gary+L%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BTaillefert%2C+Martial%3BSobecky%2C+Patricia+A&rft.aulast=Martinez&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e100383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PloS+one&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0100383 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-02-12 N1 - Date created - 2014-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2001 May;51(Pt 3):773-81 [11411697] ISME J. 2012 Apr;6(4):847-62 [22071343] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Jul;68(7):3243-50 [12089000] Eur J Biochem. 1999 Nov;266(1):1-16 [10542045] Environ Microbiol. 2001 Feb;3(2):110-22 [11321541] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Jun;67(6):2723-33 [11375187] Environ Technol. 2002 Jul;23(7):731-45 [12164635] Environ Microbiol. 2002 Oct;4(10):595-602 [12366754] Environ Microbiol. 2003 Jan;5(1):13-24 [12542709] Environ Sci Technol. 2003 May 1;37(9):1850-8 [12775057] FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2003 Jun;27(2-3):355-84 [12829275] FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2003 Jun;27(2-3):411-25 [12829277] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Oct;69(10):5884-91 [14532040] Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2004 Jan;63(4):362-72 [14586576] Environ Sci Technol. 2003 Dec 15;37(24):5603-8 [14717170] Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Jan 15;38(2):468-75 [14750721] Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004 Apr;17(2):413-33 [15084508] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2004 Jul 15;236(2):283-90 [15251209] J Clin Microbiol. 1990 Sep;28(9):1942-6 [2095137] Science. 1992 Aug 7;257(5071):782-4 [1496397] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1994 Apr;60(4):1232-40 [7517128] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997 Sep;63(9):3367-73 [9292986] Annu Rev Microbiol. 1997;51:47-72 [9343343] Nat Biotechnol. 1998 Jun;16(6):572-5 [9624690] Microbiology. 1998 Jun;144 ( Pt 6):1565-73 [9639927] Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1998 Jul;48 Pt 3:635-9 [9734017] Carbohydr Res. 2005 Feb 28;340(3):403-9 [15680595] Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Aug 15;39(16):6162-9 [16173577] Environ Microbiol. 2006 Mar;8(3):394-404 [16478446] Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Jun 15;40(12):3978-85 [16830571] Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Jun 15;40(12):3986-95 [16830572] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Sep;72(9):6288-98 [16957256] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jan 2;104(1):299-304 [17182744] Microb Ecol. 2007 Apr;53(3):371-83 [17334858] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 May 15;104(20):8478-83 [17483484] Syst Appl Microbiol. 2007 Jul;30(5):418-29 [17336478] Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Jul 1;41(13):4587-92 [17695901] Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Aug 15;41(16):5701-7 [17874776] Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Aug 15;41(16):5716-23 [17874778] Environ Microbiol. 2007 Dec;9(12):3122-33 [17991039] Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Dec 1;42(23):8901-7 [19192816] Geobiology. 2009 Jun;7(3):282-94 [19476503] Environ Microbiol. 2009 Jun;11(6):1453-62 [19220404] BMC Microbiol. 2009;9:143 [19619300] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Sep;75(18):5773-8 [19633115] Environ Microbiol. 2010 Jan;12(1):1-12 [19624707] Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Feb 1;44(3):928-34 [20058915] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2010 Mar;76(6):1996-2001 [20118359] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2010 May;76(10):3244-54 [20305024] Microb Ecol. 2010 Oct;60(3):539-50 [20386898] Microb Ecol. 2010 Nov;60(4):784-95 [20725722] Biotechnol Bioeng. 2011 Feb;108(2):264-76 [20872821] Bioresour Technol. 2011 Feb;102(3):2474-80 [21123057] PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e20453 [21655270] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Sep;77(17):5955-65 [21764967] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Dec 6;108(49):19657-61 [22089233] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Jun;68(6):3035-45 [12039765] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100383 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compartmentalized microbial composition, oxygen gradients and nitrogen fixation in the gut of Odontotaenius disjunctus AN - 1524398510; 19750261 AB - Coarse woody debris is an important biomass pool in forest ecosystems that numerous groups of insects have evolved to take advantage of. These insects are ecologically important and represent useful natural analogs for biomass to biofuel conversion. Using a range of molecular approaches combined with microelectrode measurements of oxygen, we have characterized the gut microbiome and physiology of Odontotaenius disjunctus, a wood-feeding beetle native to the eastern United States. We hypothesized that morphological and physiological differences among gut regions would correspond to distinct microbial populations and activities. In fact, significantly different communities were found in the foregut (FG), midgut (MG)/posterior hindgut (PHG) and anterior hindgut (AHG), with Actinobacteria and Rhizobiales being more abundant toward the FG and PHG. Conversely, fermentative bacteria such as Bacteroidetes and Clostridia were more abundant in the AHG, and also the sole region where methanogenic Archaea were detected. Although each gut region possessed an anaerobic core, micron-scale profiling identified radial gradients in oxygen concentration in all regions. Nitrogen fixation was confirmed by super(15)N sub(2) incorporation, and nitrogenase gene (nifH) expression was greatest in the AHG. Phylogenetic analysis of nifH identified the most abundant transcript as related to Ni-Fe nitrogenase of a Bacteroidetes species, Paludibacter propionicigenes. Overall, we demonstrate not only a compartmentalized microbiome in this beetle digestive tract but also sharp oxygen gradients that may permit aerobic and anaerobic metabolism to occur within the same regions in close proximity. We provide evidence for the microbial fixation of N sub(2) that is important for this beetle to subsist on woody biomass. JF - ISME Journal AU - Ceja-Navarro, Javier A AU - Nguyen, Nhu H AU - Karaoz, Ulas AU - Gross, Stephanie R AU - Herman, Donald J AU - Andersen, Gary L AU - Bruns, Thomas D AU - Pett-Ridge, Jennifer AU - Blackwell, Meredith AU - Brodie, Eoin L AD - Ecology Department, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - Jan 2014 SP - 6 EP - 18 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Nitrogenase KW - Phylogeny KW - Archaea KW - Methanogenic archaea KW - Transcription KW - Forests KW - NifH gene KW - Biomass KW - Oxygen KW - Pyruvic acid KW - Hindgut KW - Digestive tract KW - Nitrogen fixation KW - Actinobacteria KW - Midgut KW - Metabolism KW - Biofuels KW - Foregut KW - Microelectrodes KW - W 30955:Biosensors KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524398510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Compartmentalized+microbial+composition%2C+oxygen+gradients+and+nitrogen+fixation+in+the+gut+of+Odontotaenius+disjunctus&rft.au=Ceja-Navarro%2C+Javier+A%3BNguyen%2C+Nhu+H%3BKaraoz%2C+Ulas%3BGross%2C+Stephanie+R%3BHerman%2C+Donald+J%3BAndersen%2C+Gary+L%3BBruns%2C+Thomas+D%3BPett-Ridge%2C+Jennifer%3BBlackwell%2C+Meredith%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin+L&rft.aulast=Ceja-Navarro&rft.aufirst=Javier&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2013.134 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Nitrogenase; Methanogenic archaea; Forests; Transcription; Biomass; NifH gene; Oxygen; Digestive tract; Hindgut; Pyruvic acid; Nitrogen fixation; Midgut; Foregut; Biofuels; Metabolism; Microelectrodes; Archaea; Actinobacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2013.134 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Archaeal Genome Guardians Give Insights into Eukaryotic DNA Replication and Damage Response Proteins AN - 1516751185; 19627246 AB - As the third domain of life, archaea, like the eukarya and bacteria, must have robust DNA replication and repair complexes to ensure genome fidelity. Archaea moreover display a breadth of unique habitats and characteristics, and structural biologists increasingly appreciate these features. As archaea include extremophiles that can withstand diverse environmental stresses, they provide fundamental systems for understanding enzymes and pathways critical to genome integrity and stress responses. Such archaeal extremophiles provide critical data on the periodic table for life as well as on the biochemical, geochemical, and physical limitations to adaptive strategies allowing organisms to thrive under environmental stress relevant to determining the boundaries for life as we know it. Specifically, archaeal enzyme structures have informed the architecture and mechanisms of key DNA repair proteins and complexes. With added abilities to temperature-trap flexible complexes and reveal core domains of transient and dynamic complexes, these structures provide insights into mechanisms of maintaining genome integrity despite extreme environmental stress. The DNA damage response protein structures noted in this review therefore inform the basis for genome integrity in the face of environmental stress, with implications for all domains of life as well as for biomanufacturing, astrobiology, and medicine. JF - Archaea AU - Shin, David S AU - Pratt, Ashley J AU - Tainer, John A AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 6R2100, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, jat@scripps.edu Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 PB - Hindawi Publishing Corporation VL - 2014 SN - 1472-3646, 1472-3646 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Genomes KW - DNA biosynthesis KW - Data processing KW - Archaea KW - Replication KW - Enzymes KW - DNA repair KW - Habitat KW - Protein structure KW - DNA damage KW - Fidelity KW - Boundaries KW - DNA KW - Proteins KW - Environmental stress KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - Q1 08205:Genetics and evolution KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1516751185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archaea&rft.atitle=Archaeal+Genome+Guardians+Give+Insights+into+Eukaryotic+DNA+Replication+and+Damage+Response+Proteins&rft.au=Shin%2C+David+S%3BPratt%2C+Ashley+J%3BTainer%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Shin&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archaea&rft.issn=14723646&rft_id=info:doi/10.1155%2F2014%2F206735 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Replication; DNA; Proteins; Protein structure; DNA biosynthesis; DNA damage; Fidelity; Data processing; Boundaries; Enzymes; Environmental stress; Habitat; DNA repair; Archaea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/206735 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A large column analog experiment of stable isotope variations during reactive transport; I, A comprehensive model of sulfur cycling and delta (super 34) S fractionation AN - 1510396656; 2014-021663 AB - This study demonstrates a mechanistic incorporation of the stable isotopes of sulfur within the CrunchFlow reactive transport code to model the range of microbially-mediated redox processes affecting kinetic isotope fractionation. Previous numerical models of microbially mediated sulfate reduction using Monod-type rate expressions have lacked rigorous coupling of individual sulfur isotopologue rates, with the result that they cannot accurately simulate sulfur isotope fractionation over a wide range of substrate concentrations using a constant fractionation factor. Here, we derive a modified version of the dual-Monod or Michaelis-Menten formulation (Maggi and Riley, 2009, 2010) that successfully captures the behavior of the (super 32) S and (super 34) S isotopes over a broad range from high sulfate and organic carbon availability to substrate limitation using a constant fractionation factor. The new model developments are used to simulate a large-scale column study designed to replicate field scale conditions of an organic carbon (acetate) amended biostimulation experiment at the Old Rifle site in western Colorado. Results demonstrate an initial period of iron reduction that transitions to sulfate reduction, in agreement with field-scale behavior observed at the Old Rifle site. At the height of sulfate reduction, effluent sulfate concentrations decreased to 0.5 mM from an influent value of 8.8 mM over the 100 cm flow path, and thus were enriched in sulfate delta (super 34) S from 6.3 ppm to 39.5 ppm. The reactive transport model accurately reproduced the measured enrichment in delta (super 34) S of both the reactant (sulfate) and product (sulfide) species of the reduction reaction using a single fractionation factor of 0.987 obtained independently from field-scale measurements. The model also accurately simulated the accumulation and delta (super 34) S signature of solid phase elemental sulfur over the duration of the experiment, providing a new tool to predict the isotopic signatures associated with reduced mineral pools. To our knowledge, this is the first rigorous treatment of sulfur isotope fractionation subject to Monod kinetics in a mechanistic reactive transport model that considers the isotopic spatial distribution of both dissolved and solid phase sulfur species during microbially-mediated sulfate reduction. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Druhan, Jennifer L AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - DePaolo, Donald J Y1 - 2014/01/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 01 SP - 366 EP - 393 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 124 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - isotope fractionation KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - environmental analysis KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - sulfur cycle KW - reduction KW - water pollution KW - kinetics KW - Eh KW - experimental studies KW - mine waste KW - acid mine drainage KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - Old Rifle Colorado KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - vanadium ores KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - models KW - uranium ores KW - biogenic processes KW - S-34/S-32 KW - mathematical methods KW - metal ores KW - sulfur KW - Colorado KW - tailings KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510396656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=A+large+column+analog+experiment+of+stable+isotope+variations+during+reactive+transport%3B+I%2C+A+comprehensive+model+of+sulfur+cycling+and+delta+%28super+34%29+S+fractionation&rft.au=Druhan%2C+Jennifer+L%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Druhan&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=&rft.spage=366&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.08.037 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-27 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; aquifers; biogenic processes; bioremediation; chemical reactions; Colorado; Eh; environmental analysis; experimental studies; Garfield County Colorado; geochemical cycle; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; mathematical methods; metal ores; mine waste; models; Old Rifle Colorado; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reactivity; reduction; remediation; S-34/S-32; stable isotopes; sulfates; sulfur; sulfur cycle; tailings; transport; United States; uranium ores; vanadium ores; variations; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.08.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A large column analog experiment of stable isotope variations during reactive transport; II, Carbon mass balance, microbial community structure and predation AN - 1510396546; 2014-021664 AB - Here we report a combined analysis of carbon mass balance based on isotopic labeling and microbiological characterization during organic carbon stimulated bioreduction of a subsurface sediment in a large laboratory column experimental system. This combination of approaches allows quantification of both the cycling of carbon through multiple redox pathways and the associated spatial and temporal evolution of bacterial communities in response to this nutrient source. Carbon isotope mass balance facilitated by the use of (super 13) C-labeled acetate as the electron donor showed evidence for a net loss of sediment organic carbon over the course of the amendment experiment. Furthermore, these data clearly demonstrated a source of isotopically labeled inorganic carbon that was not attributable to primary metabolism by acetate-oxidizing microorganisms. Fluid samples collected weekly over the duration of the 43-day amendment at <20 cm intervals along the flow path were analyzed for microbial composition by pyrosequencing of ribosomal RNA genes. The microbial community composition was transient, with distinct occurrences of Azoarcus, Geobacter and multiple sulfate reducing species over the course of the experiment. In combination with DNA sequencing data, the anomalous carbon cycling process is shown to occur exclusively during the period of predominant Geobacter species growth. Pyrosequencing indicated, and targeted cloning and sequencing confirmed the presence of several bacteriovorous protozoa, including species of the Breviata, Planococcus and Euplotes genera. Cloning and qPCR analysis demonstrated that Euplotes species were most abundant and displayed a growth trajectory that closely followed that of the Geobacter population. These results suggest a previously undocumented secondary turnover of biomass carbon related to protozoan grazing that was not sufficiently prevalent to be observed in bulk concentrations of carbon species in the system, but was clearly identified in the partitioning of carbon isotopes. This study demonstrates evidence for predator-prey relationships that impact subsurface microbial community dynamics and provides a novel indication of the impact of this relationship on the flux of carbon through a system via the microbial biomass pool. Overall, our approach provides high temporal and spatial sampling resolution at field relevant flow rates, while minimizing effects of mixing and transverse dispersion. The result is a quantitative carbon budget accounting for a diversity of processes that should be considered for inclusion in reactive transport models that aim to predict carbon turnover, nutrient flux, and redox reactions in natural and stimulated subsurface systems. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Druhan, Jennifer L AU - Bill, Markus AU - Lim, Hsiao Chien AU - Wu, Cindy AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Brodie, Eoin L Y1 - 2014/01/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 01 SP - 394 EP - 409 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 124 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - isotope fractionation KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - mass balance KW - carbon KW - sulfur cycle KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - water pollution KW - kinetics KW - Eh KW - experimental studies KW - mine waste KW - acid mine drainage KW - sulfates KW - predation KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - Old Rifle Colorado KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - vanadium ores KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - models KW - uranium ores KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - mathematical methods KW - bacteria KW - metal ores KW - C-13 KW - Colorado KW - tailings KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510396546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=A+large+column+analog+experiment+of+stable+isotope+variations+during+reactive+transport%3B+II%2C+Carbon+mass+balance%2C+microbial+community+structure+and+predation&rft.au=Druhan%2C+Jennifer+L%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BLim%2C+Hsiao+Chien%3BWu%2C+Cindy%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin+L&rft.aulast=Druhan&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=&rft.spage=394&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.08.036 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-27 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; aquifers; bacteria; biogenic processes; bioremediation; C-13; carbon; chemical reactions; Colorado; ecosystems; Eh; environmental analysis; experimental studies; Garfield County Colorado; geochemical cycle; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; mass balance; mathematical methods; metal ores; mine waste; models; nutrients; Old Rifle Colorado; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; predation; radioactive isotopes; reactivity; reduction; remediation; sediments; stable isotopes; sulfates; sulfur cycle; tailings; transport; United States; uranium ores; vanadium ores; variations; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.08.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control of methionine metabolism by the SahR transcriptional regulator in Proteobacteria AN - 1505351138; 18987773 AB - Sulphur is an essential element in the metabolism. The sulphur-containing amino acid methionine is a metabolic precursor for S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), which serves as a coenzyme for ubiquitous methyltrtansferases. Recycling of organic sulphur compounds, e.g. via the SAM cycle, is an important metabolic process that needs to be tightly regulated. Knowledge about transcriptional regulation of these processes is still limited for many free-living bacteria. We identified a novel transcription factor SahR from the ArsR family that controls the SAM cycle genes in diverse microorganisms from soil and aquatic ecosystems. By using comparative genomics, we predicted SahR-binding DNA motifs and reconstructed SahR regulons in the genomes of 62 Proteobacteria. The conserved core of SahR regulons includes all enzymes required for the SAM cycle: the SAH hydrolase AhcY, the methionine biosynthesis enzymes MetE/MetH and MetF, and the SAM synthetase MetK. By using a combination of experimental techniques, we validated the SahR regulon in the sulphate-reducing Deltaproteobacterium Desulfovibrio alaskensis. SahR functions as a negative regulator that responds to the S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The elevated SAH level in the cell dissociates SahR from its DNA operators and induces the expression of SAM cycle genes. The effector-sensing domain in SahR is related to SAM-dependent methylases that are able to tightly bind SAH. SahR represents a novel type of transcriptional regulators for the control of sulphur amino acid metabolism. JF - Environmental Microbiology AU - Novichkov, Pavel S AU - Li, Xiaoqing AU - Kuehl, Jennifer V AU - Deutschbauer, Adam M AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Price, Morgan N AU - Rodionov, Dmitry A AD - Physical Biosciences Division. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 1462-2912, 1462-2912 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Sulfur KW - Amino acids KW - Enzymes KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Recycling KW - Proteobacteria KW - Methionine KW - Soil microorganisms KW - hydrolase KW - Operators KW - Aquatic microorganisms KW - Methylase KW - Transcription factors KW - Gene regulation KW - Desulfovibrio KW - DNA KW - Coenzymes KW - genomics KW - S-Adenosylmethionine KW - Metabolism KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1505351138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Control+of+methionine+metabolism+by+the+SahR+transcriptional+regulator+in+Proteobacteria&rft.au=Novichkov%2C+Pavel+S%3BLi%2C+Xiaoqing%3BKuehl%2C+Jennifer+V%3BDeutschbauer%2C+Adam+M%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BPrice%2C+Morgan+N%3BRodionov%2C+Dmitry+A&rft.aulast=Novichkov&rft.aufirst=Pavel&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=14622912&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1462-2920.12273 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur; Amino acids; Enzymes; Recycling; Aquatic ecosystems; Methionine; Soil microorganisms; Operators; hydrolase; Aquatic microorganisms; Methylase; Gene regulation; Transcription factors; DNA; Coenzymes; genomics; S-Adenosylmethionine; Metabolism; Desulfovibrio; Proteobacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12273 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discovery and characterization of ionic liquid-tolerant thermophilic cellulases from a switchgrass-adapted microbial community AN - 1505342430; 19323531 AB - Background: The development of advanced biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass will require the use of both efficient pretreatment methods and new biomass-deconstructing enzyme cocktails to generate sugars from lignocellulosic substrates. Certain ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as a promising class of compounds for biomass pretreatment and have been demonstrated to reduce the recalcitrance of biomass for enzymatic hydrolysis. However, current commercial cellulase cocktails are strongly inhibited by most of the ILs that are effective biomass pretreatment solvents. Fortunately, recent research has shown that IL-tolerant cocktails can be formulated and are functional on lignocellulosic biomass. This study sought to expand the list of known IL-tolerant cellulases to further enable IL-tolerant cocktail development by developing a combined in vitro/in vivo screening pipeline for metagenome-derived genes. Results: Thirty-seven predicted cellulases derived from a thermophilic switchgrass-adapted microbial community were screened in this study. Eighteen of the twenty-one enzymes that expressed well in E. coli were active in the presence of the IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C sub(2)mim][OAc]) concentrations of at least 10% (v/v), with several retaining activity in the presence of 40% (v/v), which is currently the highest reported tolerance to [C sub(2)mim][OAc] for any cellulase. In addition, the optimum temperatures of the enzymes ranged from 45 to 95 degree C and the pH optimum ranged from 5.5 to 7.5, indicating these enzymes can be used to construct cellulase cocktails that function under a broad range of temperature, pH and IL concentrations. Conclusions: This study characterized in detail twenty-one cellulose-degrading enzymes derived from a thermophilic microbial community and found that 70% of them were [C sub(2)mim][OAc]-tolerant. A comparison of optimum temperature and [C sub(2)mim][OAc]-tolerance demonstrates that a positive correlation exists between these properties for those enzymes with a optimum temperature >70 degree C, further strengthening the link between thermotolerance and IL-tolerance for lignocelluolytic glycoside hydrolases. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Gladden, John M AU - Park, Joshua I AU - Bergmann, Jessica AU - Reyes-Ortiz, Vimalier AU - D'haeseleer, Patrik AU - Quirino, Betania F AU - Sale, Kenneth L AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singer, Steven W AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 15 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cellulase KW - Ionic liquid KW - Thermophilic KW - Biofuel KW - Temperature effects KW - Sugar KW - Solvents KW - Enzymes KW - Biomass KW - Acetic acid KW - Hydrolysis KW - Escherichia coli KW - glycoside hydrolase KW - pH effects KW - Thermophilic microorganisms KW - Biofuels KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1505342430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Discovery+and+characterization+of+ionic+liquid-tolerant+thermophilic+cellulases+from+a+switchgrass-adapted+microbial+community&rft.au=Gladden%2C+John+M%3BPark%2C+Joshua+I%3BBergmann%2C+Jessica%3BReyes-Ortiz%2C+Vimalier%3BD%27haeseleer%2C+Patrik%3BQuirino%2C+Betania+F%3BSale%2C+Kenneth+L%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSinger%2C+Steven+W&rft.aulast=Gladden&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-7-15 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/7/1/15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Sugar; Solvents; glycoside hydrolase; Enzymes; Biomass; Hydrolysis; Acetic acid; Thermophilic microorganisms; pH effects; Biofuels; Cellulase; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-7-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correction: Production of hydroxycinnamoyl anthranilates from glucose in Escherichia coli AN - 1496888034; 19024686 JF - Microbial Cell Factories AU - Eudes, Aymerick AU - Juminaga, Darmawi AU - Baidoo, Edward E K AU - Collins, F William AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Loque, Dominique AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 8 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 1475-2859, 1475-2859 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Escherichia coli KW - Glucose KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1496888034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Cell+Factories&rft.atitle=Correction%3A+Production+of+hydroxycinnamoyl+anthranilates+from+glucose+in+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Eudes%2C+Aymerick%3BJuminaga%2C+Darmawi%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward+E+K%3BCollins%2C+F+William%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BLoque%2C+Dominique&rft.aulast=Eudes&rft.aufirst=Aymerick&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Cell+Factories&rft.issn=14752859&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1475-2859-13-8 L2 - http://www.microbialcellfactories.com/content/13/1/8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Glucose; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-13-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biochemical and Structural Studies of NADH-Dependent FabG Used To Increase the Bacterial Production of Fatty Acids under Anaerobic Conditions AN - 1492633082; 18996684 AB - Major efforts in bioenergy research have focused on producing fuels that can directly replace petroleum-derived gasoline and diesel fuel through metabolic engineering of microbial fatty acid biosynthetic pathways. Typically, growth and pathway induction are conducted under aerobic conditions, but for operational efficiency in an industrial context, anaerobic culture conditions would be preferred to obviate the need to maintain specific dissolved oxygen concentrations and to maximize the proportion of reducing equivalents directed to biofuel biosynthesis rather than ATP production. A major concern with fermentative growth conditions is elevated NADH levels, which can adversely affect cell physiology. The purpose of this study was to identify homologs of Escherichia coli FabG, an essential reductase involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, that display a higher preference for NADH than for NADPH as a cofactor. Four potential NADH-dependent FabG variants were identified through bioinformatic analyses supported by crystallographic structure determination (1.3- to 2.0-Aa resolution). In vitro assays of cofactor (NADH/NADPH) preference in the four variants showed up to similar to 35-fold preference for NADH, which was observed with the Cupriavidus taiwanensis FabG variant. In addition, FabG homologs were overexpressed in fatty acid- and methyl ketone-overproducing E. coli host strains under anaerobic conditions, and the C. taiwanensis variant led to a 60% higher free fatty acid titer and 75% higher methyl ketone titer relative to the titers of the control strains. With further engineering, this work could serve as a starting point for establishing a microbial host strain for production of fatty acid-derived biofuels (e.g., methyl ketones) under anaerobic conditions. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Javidpour, Pouya AU - Pereira, Jose H AU - Goh, Ee-Been AU - McAndrew, Ryan P AU - Ma, Suzanne M AU - Friedland, Gregory D AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Chhabra, Swapnil R AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Beller, Harry R AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA, hrbeller@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - Jan 2014 SP - 497 EP - 505 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 80 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Aerobic conditions KW - Growth conditions KW - Gasoline KW - Fuels KW - NADH KW - metabolic engineering KW - ATP KW - Cell culture KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - NADP KW - reductase KW - Cofactors KW - Escherichia coli KW - Fatty acids KW - Diesel KW - Bioinformatics KW - Biofuels KW - ketones KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492633082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Biochemical+and+Structural+Studies+of+NADH-Dependent+FabG+Used+To+Increase+the+Bacterial+Production+of+Fatty+Acids+under+Anaerobic+Conditions&rft.au=Javidpour%2C+Pouya%3BPereira%2C+Jose+H%3BGoh%2C+Ee-Been%3BMcAndrew%2C+Ryan+P%3BMa%2C+Suzanne+M%3BFriedland%2C+Gregory+D%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BChhabra%2C+Swapnil+R%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D%3BBeller%2C+Harry+R&rft.aulast=Javidpour&rft.aufirst=Pouya&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.03194-13 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerobic conditions; Gasoline; Growth conditions; Fuels; NADH; ATP; metabolic engineering; Cell culture; Anaerobic conditions; Dissolved oxygen; NADP; Cofactors; reductase; Fatty acids; Diesel; Bioinformatics; Biofuels; ketones; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03194-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory study of spectral induced polarization responses of magnetite; formula redox reactions in porous media AN - 1477832784; 2014-004433 AB - Spectral induced polarization (SIP) phase anomalies in field surveys at contaminated sites have previously been shown to correlate with the occurrence of chemically reducing conditions and/or semiconductive minerals, but the reasons for this are not fully understood. We report a systematic laboratory investigation of the role of the semiconductive mineral magnetite and its interaction with redox-active versus redox-inactive ions in producing such phase anomalies. The SIP responses of quartz sand with 5% magnetite in solutions containing redox-inactive Ca (super 2+) and Ni (super 2+) versus redox-active Fe (super 2+) were measured across the pH ranges corresponding to adsorption of these metals to magnetite. With redox inactive ions Ca (super 2+) and Ni (super 2+) , SIP phase response showed no changes across the pH range 4-10, corresponding to their adsorption, showing approximately 30 mrad anomalies peaking at approximately 59-74 Hz. These large phase anomalies are probably caused by polarization of the magnetite-solution interfaces. With the redox-active ion Fe (super 2+) , frequency of peak phase response decreased progressively from approximately 46 to approximately 3 Hz as effluent pH increased from four to seven, corresponding to progressive adsorption of Fe (super 2+) to the magnetite surface. The latter frequency (3 Hz) corresponds approximately with those of phase anomalies detected in field surveys reported elsewhere. We conclude that pH sensitivity arises from redox reactions between Fe (super 2+) and magnetite surfaces, with transfer of electrical charge through the bulk mineral, as reported in other laboratory investigations. Our results confirm that SIP measurements are sensitive to redox reactions involving charge transfers between adsorbed ions and semiconductive minerals. Phase anomalies seen in field surveys of groundwater contamination and biostimulation may therefore be indicative of iron-reducing conditions, when semiconductive iron minerals such as magnetite are present. JF - Geophysics AU - Hubbard, Christopher G AU - West, L Jared AU - Rodriguez-Blanco, Juan Diego AU - Shaw, Samuel Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - D21 EP - D30 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 79 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - solutions KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - resistivity KW - iron KW - ground water KW - ferrous iron KW - laboratory studies KW - shallow depth KW - magnetic minerals KW - electrical anomalies KW - metals KW - oxides KW - induced polarization KW - cations KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - Eh KW - magnetite KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477832784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Laboratory+study+of+spectral+induced+polarization+responses+of+magnetite%3B+formula+redox+reactions+in+porous+media&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Christopher+G%3BWest%2C+L+Jared%3BRodriguez-Blanco%2C+Juan+Diego%3BShaw%2C+Samuel&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=D21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2013-0079.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cations; Eh; electrical anomalies; electrical methods; experimental studies; ferrous iron; geophysical methods; ground water; induced polarization; iron; laboratory studies; magnetic minerals; magnetite; metals; monitoring; oxides; pH; pollution; porous materials; resistivity; shallow depth; solutions; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0079.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical monitoring and reactive transport simulations of bioclogging processes induced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides AN - 1477831648; 2014-004438 AB - Although bioclogging has been used for various applications, its performance has been unpredictable. We carried out a bioclogging experiment and developed a reactive transport model to understand and quantify geophysical responses to the production of a biopolymer (dextran) in a silica sand porous medium. The developed model was used to predict effectiveness of bioclogging and the associated geophysical signature under different treatment conditions. The porosity reduction calculated from the reactive transport modeling matched the concurrent increase in electrical resistivity and confirmed the dominant contribution of pore fluid conductivity to the bulk electrical conductivity. Correlations between measured electrical phase signals and predicted mineral surface area reduction indicated the controlling effect of mineral surface area on polarization. The joint use of the two methods quantitatively estimated the extent of decrease in porosity as well as effective mineral surface area, both of which are challenging to measure nondestructively in biological systems. The joint use of the geophysical methods and reactive transport modeling provided a better understanding of the dominant processes that govern dextran-based bioclogging and the associated geophysical responses. This opens new opportunities for quantifying changes associated with bioclogging processes and can potentially lead to new conceptual models that relate hydraulic property changes to the porosity and mineral surface area, which will enhance prediction, monitoring, and control of applications that use bioclogging. JF - Geophysics AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Surasani, Vikranth Kumar AU - Li, Li AU - Hubbard, Susan Sharpless Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - E61 EP - E73 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 79 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - solute transport KW - electrical conductivity KW - dextran KW - data processing KW - techniques KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - reactive transport KW - induced polarization KW - applications KW - Leuconostoc mesenteroides KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - clastic sediments KW - numerical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - porous materials KW - resistivity KW - porosity KW - bioclogging KW - biofilms KW - bacteria KW - quartz sand KW - biopolymers KW - instruments KW - design KW - microorganisms KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477831648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Geophysical+monitoring+and+reactive+transport+simulations+of+bioclogging+processes+induced+by+Leuconostoc+mesenteroides&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yuxin%3BSurasani%2C+Vikranth+Kumar%3BLi%2C+Li%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+Sharpless&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yuxin&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=E61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2013-0121.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 97 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; bacteria; bioclogging; biofilms; biopolymers; clastic sediments; data processing; design; dextran; digital simulation; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; induced polarization; instruments; Leuconostoc mesenteroides; microorganisms; monitoring; numerical analysis; numerical models; porosity; porous materials; quartz sand; reactive transport; resistivity; sediments; solute transport; techniques; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0121.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of crystal orientation on the dissolution of calcite by chemical and microscopic analysis AN - 1510397157; 2014-021712 AB - The purpose of this work was to examine the effects of polished crystal-surface orientation and degree of solution undersaturation on the dissolution kinetics of calcite. Crystallographic surface orientations utilized in this study included natural calcite specimens polished approximately parallel to the (104) plane, giving rise to surfaces with flat terraces with few steps, as well as fully kinked surfaces created by sectioning approximately parallel to the (001) plane. Results from inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and vertical scanning interferometry (VSI) investigations revealed how crystallographic orientations of calcite with initially higher energy surface morphologies were associated with greater extent of reaction, greater surface retreat, and therefore, greater initial transient dissolution rates than those with lower energy initial surface morphologies. However, both the ICP-OES and atomic force microscopy (AFM) results confirm that the effects of crystal orientation become minimal under long-term conditions because (1) variously oriented calcite surfaces exhibited similar "long-term" rates and (2) orientations with high initial reactive site densities developed lower energy morphologies. Estimating a step rate coefficient from the experimental data from a miscut sample suggest that these coefficients may be highly morphology dependent. Results from this study are significant for predicting long term calcite dissolution rates because they suggest that the "long-term" dissolution rate of calcite will be governed by the rates of the rhombohedral faces and microfacets and the time-scale for approaching such conditions is of the order of days at room temperature and slightly alkaline solution conditions. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Smith, Michael E AU - Knauss, Kevin G AU - Higgins, Steven R Y1 - 2013/12/18/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Dec 18 SP - 10 EP - 21 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 360-361 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - orientation KW - imagery KW - experimental studies KW - crystal form KW - mass spectra KW - aqueous solutions KW - solubility KW - solution KW - interferometry KW - calcite KW - alkalic composition KW - ICP mass spectra KW - crystals KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - phase equilibria KW - spectra KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510397157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+crystal+orientation+on+the+dissolution+of+calcite+by+chemical+and+microscopic+analysis&rft.au=Smith%2C+Michael+E%3BKnauss%2C+Kevin+G%3BHiggins%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2013-12-18&rft.volume=360-361&rft.issue=&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2013.09.015 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-27 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalic composition; aqueous solutions; atomic force microscopy data; calcite; carbonates; crystal chemistry; crystal form; crystals; experimental studies; ICP mass spectra; imagery; interferometry; mass spectra; orientation; pH; phase equilibria; solubility; solution; spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.09.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A total quasi-steady-state formulation of substrate uptake kinetics in complex networks and an example application to microbial litter decomposition AN - 1492638796; 18989595 AB - We demonstrate that substrate uptake kinetics in any consumer-substrate network subject to the total quasi-steady-state assumption can be formulated as an equilibrium chemistry (EC) problem. If the consumer-substrate complexes equilibrate much faster than other metabolic processes, then the relationships between consumers, substrates, and consumer-substrate complexes are in quasi-equilibrium and the change of a given total substrate (free plus consumer-bounded) is determined by the degradation of all its consumer-substrate complexes. In this EC formulation, the corresponding equilibrium reaction constants are the conventional Michaelis-Menten (MM) substrate affinity constants. When all of the elements in a given network are either consumer or substrate (but not both), we derived a first-order accurate EC approximation (ECA). The ECA kinetics is compatible with almost every existing extension of MM kinetics. In particular, for microbial organic matter decomposition modeling, ECA kinetics explicitly predicts a specific microbe's uptake for a specific substrate as a function of the microbe's affinity for the substrate, other microbes' affinity for the substrate, and the shielding effect on substrate uptake by environmental factors, such as mineral surface adsorption. By taking the EC solution as a reference, we evaluated MM and ECA kinetics for their abilities to represent several differently configured enzyme-substrate reaction networks. In applying the ECA and MM kinetics to microbial models of different complexities, we found (i) both the ECA and MM kinetics accurately reproduced the EC solution when multiple microbes are competing for a single substrate; (ii) ECA outperformed MM kinetics in reproducing the EC solution when a single microbe is feeding on multiple substrates; (iii) the MM kinetics failed, while the ECA kinetics succeeded, in reproducing the EC solution when multiple consumers (i.e., microbes and mineral surfaces) were competing for multiple substrates. We then applied the EC and ECA kinetics to a guild based C-only microbial litter decomposition model and found that both approaches successfully simulated the commonly observed (i) two-phase temporal evolution of the decomposition dynamics; (ii) final asymptotic convergence of the lignocellulose index to a constant that depends on initial litter chemistry and microbial community structure; and (iii) microbial biomass proportion of total organic biomass (litter plus microbes). In contrast, the MM kinetics failed to realistically predict these metrics. We therefore conclude that the ECA kinetics are more robust than the MM kinetics in representing complex microbial, C substrate, and mineral surface interactions. Finally, we discuss how these concepts can be applied to other consumer-substrate networks. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Tang, J Y AU - Riley, W J AD - Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBL), Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2013/12/16/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Dec 16 SP - 8329 EP - 8351 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 10 IS - 12 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Feeding KW - Litter KW - Organic matter KW - Biomass KW - Decomposition KW - Environmental factors KW - Models KW - lignocellulose KW - Guilds KW - Community structure KW - Convergence KW - Kinetics KW - Adsorption KW - Consumers KW - Minerals KW - Evolution KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492638796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=A+total+quasi-steady-state+formulation+of+substrate+uptake+kinetics+in+complex+networks+and+an+example+application+to+microbial+litter+decomposition&rft.au=Tang%2C+J+Y%3BRiley%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-16&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=8329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-10-8329-2013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feeding; Litter; Organic matter; Biomass; Environmental factors; Decomposition; Models; lignocellulose; Guilds; Convergence; Community structure; Kinetics; Adsorption; Consumers; Minerals; Evolution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8329-2013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A dual isotope approach to isolate soil carbon pools of different turnover times AN - 1492633191; 18989579 AB - Soils are globally significant sources and sinks of atmospheric CO sub(2). Increasing the resolution of soil carbon turnover estimates is important for predicting the response of soil carbon cycling to environmental change. We show that soil carbon turnover times can be more finely resolved using a dual isotope label like the one provided by elevated CO sub(2) experiments that use fossil CO sub(2). We modeled each soil physical fraction as two pools with different turnover times using the atmospheric super(14)C bomb spike in combination with the label in super(14)C and super(13)C provided by an elevated CO sub(2) experiment in a California annual grassland. In sandstone and serpentine soils, the light fraction carbon was 21-54% fast cycling with 2-9 yr turnover, and 36-79% slow cycling with turnover slower than 100 yr. This validates model treatment of the light fraction as active and intermediate cycling carbon. The dense, mineral-associated fraction also had a very dynamic component, consisting of similar to 7% fast-cycling carbon and similar to 93% very slow cycling carbon. Similarly, half the microbial biomass carbon in the sandstone soil was more than 5 yr old, and 40% of the carbon respired by microbes had been fixed more than 5 yr ago. Resolving each density fraction into two pools revealed that only a small component of total soil carbon is responsible for most CO sub(2) efflux from these soils. In the sandstone soil, 11% of soil carbon contributes more than 90% of the annual CO sub(2) efflux. The fact that soil physical fractions, designed to isolate organic material of roughly homogeneous physico-chemical state, contain material of dramatically different turnover times is consistent with recent observations of rapid isotope incorporation into seemingly stable fractions and with emerging evidence for hot spots or micro-site variation of decomposition within the soil matrix. Predictions of soil carbon storage using a turnover time estimated with the assumption of a single pool per density fraction would greatly overestimate the near-term response to changes in productivity or decomposition rates. Therefore, these results suggest a slower initial change in soil carbon storage due to environmental change than has been assumed by simpler (one-pool) mass balance calculations. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Torn AU - Kleber, M AU - Zavaleta, E S AU - Zhu, B AU - Field, C B AU - Trumbore, SE AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2013/12/10/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Dec 10 SP - 8067 EP - 8081 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 10 IS - 12 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Isotopes KW - Hot spots KW - Carbon cycle KW - Biomass KW - Decomposition KW - Models KW - Grasslands KW - Carbon KW - Fossils KW - Environmental changes KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Soils (serpentine) KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492633191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=A+dual+isotope+approach+to+isolate+soil+carbon+pools+of+different+turnover+times&rft.au=Torn%3BKleber%2C+M%3BZavaleta%2C+E+S%3BZhu%2C+B%3BField%2C+C+B%3BTrumbore%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2013-12-10&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=8067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-10-8067-2013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grasslands; Isotopes; Carbon; Hot spots; Fossils; Environmental changes; Carbon cycle; Biomass; Carbon dioxide; Soils (serpentine); Decomposition; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8067-2013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic modeling of seismicity triggered by underground CO2 injection and impact on surface structures and human perception AN - 1707525696; 2015-080746 AB - We have conducted coupled fluid flow and geomechanical analysis of fault reactivation induced by underground CO2 injection, including dynamic analysis of fault slip, wave propagation and ground motions. We analyze the ground-motion results in terms of the potential for damage to ground surface structures and nuisance to the local population. Our modeling approach is to join coupled fluid flow and geomechanical numerical codes and theories from seismology to assess the magnitude of the seismic events generated by the simulated fault reactivation. We used a strain-softening fault constitutive model to simulate sudden, dynamic fault rupture, and to provide a source for wave-propagation and ground-motion calculations. We simulated an injection-induced small magnitude (Mw = 3) event at a hypocenter depth of about 1000 m. We then used the resulting ground-motion wave train at several monitoring stations in an inverse analysis to estimate source parameters (moment magnitude, rupture dimensions and stress drop), achieving good agreement and verification of our modeling approach. We then analyzed the results in terms of peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV) and frequency content, with comparison to U.S. Geological Survey's instrumental intensity scales for earthquakes and the U.S. Bureau of Mines' vibration criteria for cosmetic damage to buildings, as well as human-perception vibration limits. Our results confirm the appropriateness of using PGV (rather than PGA) and frequency for the evaluation of potential ground-vibration effects on structures and humans from shallow injection-induced seismic events. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Cappa, F AU - Rinaldi, A AU - Godano, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S31F EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707525696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Dynamic+modeling+of+seismicity+triggered+by+underground+CO2+injection+and+impact+on+surface+structures+and+human+perception&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+J%3BCappa%2C+F%3BRinaldi%2C+A%3BGodano%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress in applying lacustrine alkenones as a quantitative continental paleotemperature proxy AN - 1707519856; 2015-083197 AB - Alkenones are increasingly found in lakes around the world. Despite considerable success in using lake alkenones for continental paleotemperature reconstructions, there remain significant challenges. Unlike the well-known alkenone precursors in the open ocean, lacustrine alkenone-producing haptophytes are more genetically diverse; and many of the species remain uncultured. Lake sediments often contain complex alkenones and alkenoates that pose greater analytical challenges than marine samples. Here we present an overview (additional submissions to this session will detail certain aspects) of results from studying lakes around the world (including United States, western China, Greenland, northern Alaska, and Canada) over the past 8 years. The lakes investigated encompass a wide range in salinity (fresh to hypersaline) and temperature regime. Our major progress includes: 1) application of a new class of gas chromatographic stationary phase that provides unprecedented resolution of complex alkenone and alkenoate mixtures, preventing coelution of alkenones and alkenoates observed in conventional non-polar GC columns; 2) structural elucidation of a new 37:3 alkenone isomer in arctic lake sediments. The two 37:3 isomers coelute on conventional GC columns but are fully resolved using a vastly different class of GC stationary phase. Importantly, calibration of alkenone unsaturation to temperature differs between the C37:3 isomers; 3) development of a new HPLC stationary phase that efficiently separates alkenones by the degrees of unsaturation and double bond position, allowing high precision measurement of compound specific H isotopic ratios of alkenones; 4) application of DNA sequencing for identification of the specific alkenone-producing haptophyte species in lakes and assessment of seasonal successions of alkenone producing haptophytes; 5) successful enrichment of <3 mu m-sized haptophytes that produces alkenones with a predominant 37:4 profile; 6) development of a new approach to deconvolute alkenones produced by multiple haptophytes in saline lakes; 7) production of high resolution alkenone-based paleotemperature records from multiple sites (Greenland, Tibetan Plateau etc.). In addition to describing key progress in proxy development, we will show our latest results from studying a series of lakes from Northern Alaska (Toolik lake region), where alkenones are common and the haptophyte alkenone producers are closely related to those in a series of southwestern Greenland lakes. In situ temperature calibrations using water column samples have shown a virtually identical relationship to our previously published data from Greenland. Currently the only paleoclimate assessment for the region is based on pollen assemblages, which have been particularly difficult to translate into quantitative paleotemperature reconstructions. Our preliminary data demonstrate the great potential for obtaining the first quantitative paleotemperature reconstructions using alkenones from these lakes (some of the lake sediments extend to the last glacial maximum), which will fill an important gap in continental paleoclimatology. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Huang, Y AU - Longo, William M AU - Theroux, S AU - Toney, J L AU - Dillon, James AU - Zhao, J AU - D'Andrea, W J AU - Hou, J AU - Tarozo, R AU - Amaral-Zettler, L A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract PP33E EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707519856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Progress+in+applying+lacustrine+alkenones+as+a+quantitative+continental+paleotemperature+proxy&rft.au=Huang%2C+Y%3BLongo%2C+William+M%3BTheroux%2C+S%3BToney%2C+J+L%3BDillon%2C+James%3BZhao%2C+J%3BD%27Andrea%2C+W+J%3BHou%2C+J%3BTarozo%2C+R%3BAmaral-Zettler%2C+L+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic noise monitoring at SAFOD pilot hole AN - 1703689742; 2015-078182 AB - In early May 2012, a team of LBNL scientists installed a novel and unique three-component magneto-acoustic seismic sensor (MAS) at the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) pilot hole at Parkfield, CA. The sensitive core of MAS is made of elasto-magnetic material (alloy), which changes its magnetization in response to elastic deformation. This tool has a peak displacement sensitivity of about 1 femto-meter and is capable of recording frequencies up to 1600 Hz at any acceleration. The multiplicity of tiny MS events will enable seismologists to drastically increase the time resolution of seismic activity evaluations, and make practically instantaneous measurements of seismicity levels. Currently, the MAS data are recorded by a system, which stores a minute-average seismic energy in four 1/3 octave wide 30, 160, 500, 1000 Hz limited frequency bands. The high frequency recordings (22 KHz sampling rate) were made only during visits to SAFOD site using available acoustic software. The minute-average MAS data, despite of its low time resolution, already shows a number of very interesting and unexplained phenomena: 1. The regular MS events show up as spikes, many of which are not listed in the USGS catalogue. The average interval between these events changes with noise "storms". 2. There are numerous local events containing frequencies of 1 KHz with propagation path exceeding 10 km. Comparison with other data eliminated a hypothesis that high frequencies are locally induced. 3. There is a strong dependence of seismic noise on tidal deformation. A tidal component of VC dilatometer (5 km from SAFOD) is in ideal correlation with variation of 160 Hz noise and in anti-correlation with noise at 1 KHz. This implies existence of at least one characteristic frequency where modulation does not occur. Remarkably, after a "storm" at the end of December 2012 all noise components became in phase with dilatometer. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Belyakov, A AU - Korneev, V A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S11A EP - 2305 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703689742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Seismic+noise+monitoring+at+SAFOD+pilot+hole&rft.au=Belyakov%2C+A%3BKorneev%2C+V+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Belyakov&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory measurement of guided wave (Krauklis wave) propagation within a fluid-saturated fracture AN - 1703689635; 2015-078053 AB - A fluid-saturated flat channel between two solid half-spaces (i.e. a fracture) is known to support a guided wave called the Krauklis wave. In the field, this wave can potentially be used to examine the size and connectivity of natural and hydraulically induced fractures from a borehole. Krauklis waves propagate primarily within the fluid part of a fracture, can have very low velocity and large attenuation, and are very dispersive at low frequencies. We conducted laboratory measurements of the velocity of Krauklis waves using analogue fracture models at frequencies below 1 kHz. The models consisted of (1) two concentric aluminum cylinders with a water-filled gap and (2) a pair of rectangular aluminum plates containing a thin water-filled gap (tri-layer mode). In the latter, the water was contained by an o-ring along the edge of the plates. The velocity of the waves propagating within the models was determined both from waveforms in the time domain measured along the wave path and from acoustic resonances in the system. The results indicated that the waves measured from the cylindrical model were not dispersive at frequencies below 400 Hz, with a phase velocity of nearly equal 250 m/s. In contrast, the tri-layer model exhibited strongly dispersive velocity at measured frequencies of 7.5 Hz-500 Hz, with the lowest phase velocity being nearly equal 14 m/s at 7.5 Hz. These measurements agree well with our theoretical model predictions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Nakagawa, S AU - Korneev, V A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract NS23C EP - 1595 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703689635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Laboratory+measurement+of+guided+wave+%28Krauklis+wave%29+propagation+within+a+fluid-saturated+fracture&rft.au=Nakagawa%2C+S%3BKorneev%2C+V+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nakagawa&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for improving the resolution of electrical and electromagnetic geophysical measurements for three-dimensional inverse modeling of CO2 movement AN - 1703689626; 2015-078103 AB - Geologic carbon sequestration is being evaluated as a means to mitigate the effects of greenhouse gas emissions. Efforts are underway to identify adequate reservoirs and to evaluate the behavior of injected CO2 over time; time-lapse geophysical methods are considered effective tools for these purposes. Pilot studies have shown that the invasion of CO2 into a background pore fluid can alter the electrical resistivity, with increases from CO2 in the super-critical or gaseous phase, and decreases from CO2 dissolved in groundwater (especially when calcite dissolution is occurring). Because of their sensitivity to resistivity changes, electrical and electromagnetic (EM) methods have been used in such studies for indirectly assessing CO2 saturation changes. While the electrical resistance tomography (ERT) method is a well-established technique for both crosswell and surface applications, its usefulness is limited by the relatively low-resolution information it provides. Controlled-source EM methods, including both frequency-domain and time-domain (transient EM) methods, can offer improved resolution. We report on three studies that aim to maximize the information content of electrical and electromagnetic measurements in inverse modeling applications that target the monitoring of resistivity changes due to CO2 migration and/or leakage. The first study considers a three-dimensional crosswell data set collected at an analogue site used for investigating CO2 distribution and geochemical reactivity within a shallow formation. We invert both resistance and phase data using a gradient-weighting method for descent-based inversion algorithms. This method essentially steers the search direction in the model space using low-cost non-linear conjugate gradient methods towards the more computationally expensive Gauss-Newton direction. The second study involves ERT data that were collected at the SECARB Cranfield site near Natchez, Mississippi, at depths exceeding 3000 m. We employ a ratio data inversion scheme, where the time-lapse input data are given by the measured ERT data normalized by their baseline values. We investigate whether three-dimensional time-lapse inversions yield improved results compared to two-dimensional results that were previously reported. Finally, we present a synthetic study that investigates a novel time-domain controlled-source EM method that has the potential for exploiting the resolution properties of vertically oriented source antennas while avoiding their logistical difficulties. A vertical source is replaced by an array of multiple horizontal dipoles arranged in a circle such that all dipoles have a common endpoint in the center. Overall, this study presents significant advances in developing adequate geophysical techniques to monitor CO2 migration and/or potential leaks in geological reservoirs. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Commer, M AU - Kowalsky, M B AU - Dafflon, B AU - Wu, Y AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract NS33A EP - 1683 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703689626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+improving+the+resolution+of+electrical+and+electromagnetic+geophysical+measurements+for+three-dimensional+inverse+modeling+of+CO2+movement&rft.au=Commer%2C+M%3BKowalsky%2C+M+B%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BWu%2C+Y%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Commer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chondrules as natural analogs for metal segregation; analyses from 3D synchrotron imaging AN - 1700095807; 2015-072467 AB - Chondrules from the Bjurbole meteorite have been imaged by x-ray tomography to develop 3D visualization in order to use the chondrules as starting material in experimental deformation experiments aimed at unravelling the evolution of planetesimal-sized bodies. The Bjurbole chondrite is an olivine-hypersthene bearing meteorite and classified as an L/LL4. It fell in 1899, March 12 at 10:30 pm. Bjurbole has been used in several previous studies as it is abundant and has a range of chondrule sizes. Chrondrules themselves allow for the study of the early solar system and were formed approximately 2-3 My after the CAIs. However, we are using the chondrules as small metal-silicate natural analogs for metal-silicate deformation experiments. The critical first step is to characterize them. We have collected 3D textural data from 14 chondrules by synchrotron-based high resolution hard x-ray microtomography imaging. A series of two-dimensional images is collected as the sample is rotated, and tomographic reconstruction yields the full 3D representation of the sample. Virtual slices through the 3D object in any arbitrary direction can be visualized, or the full data set can be visualized by volume rendering. More importantly, automated image filtering and segmentation allows the extraction of boundaries between the various phases. The volumes, shapes, and distributions of each phase, and the connectivity between them, can then be quantitatively analysed. The imaging data show that the Bjurbole chondrules fall into two main groups. Those with abundant quenched glass and those bearing crystals of olivine and pyroxene, with minor glass. The metal and sulfide mainly line the outside of the chondrules as has been previously described, but the crystal-bearing chondrules also contain centrally located and widely distributed metal and sulfide. We are using these data to prepare the chondrules for experimental deformation studies. Figure shows Bjurbole chondrule 8 (BB8). Image analyses has focused on distribution of FeNi (red) and FeS (gold). Metal and sulfide are concentrated on the outer edges but finely distributed internally. Scale is approximately 1 mm. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rushmer, Tracy A AU - Clark, Simon M AU - Parkinson, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract P51A EP - 1722 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700095807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Structure+and+reactivity+of+the+uraninite+%28111%29+surface&rft.au=Stubbs%2C+J%3BEng%2C+P+J%3BWaychunas%2C+G+A%3BBargar%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stubbs&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical applications of the tandem LA-ICP-MS/LIBS analytical technique AN - 1696876646; 2015-068591 AB - Improvements in Laser Ablation for material sampling over the past few decades have led to the emergence of several applications of this in-situ technique to some important geochemical measurements. The technique is commonly used for both elemental [1] and isotopic analyses [2], and has multiple advantages compared to dissolution techniques, notably higher spatial resolution, easier and faster sample preparation, and for many applications a non-destructive method. A significant advantage of this technique in geochemistry is full characterization of a sample (e.g., glass or mineral) using a single spot of limited size (i.e., 20-80 mu m) to eliminate or minimize complexities due to potential chemical zonations. Major advancement is being realized in the analysis of volcanic glasses for their elemental and volatile concentrations as well as zircon elemental and U-Pb isotopic compositions using a new approach that combines the capabilities of the two most common laser ablation modalities; LA-ICP-MS/LIBS, which stands for Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry/Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy. LIBS is based on direct measurement of the optical emission originating from the laser-induced plasma [3] whereas LA-ICP-MS involves transport and excitation of the ablated aerosol to a secondary source (ICP), before entering a mass spectrometer [4]. Analysis by these two techniques can complement each other quite well, as every laser pulse for ablation provides the optical plasma for emission spectroscopy and particles for ICP mass spectrometry. We will present data demonstrating that rare-earth element (REE) concentrations can be determined using LIBS in both zircon and volcanic glasses. In addition, we have promising, provisional hydrogen concentration data measured concurrently with the REE in volcanic glasses, which is not possible using only LA-ICP-MS. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Guitreau, Martin AU - Gonzalez, J J AU - Mukasa, Samuel B AU - Colucci, M T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V53B EP - 2785 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696876646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geochemical+applications+of+the+tandem+LA-ICP-MS%2FLIBS+analytical+technique&rft.au=Guitreau%2C+Martin%3BGonzalez%2C+J+J%3BMukasa%2C+Samuel+B%3BColucci%2C+M+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guitreau&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model comparison in subsurface science; the DECOVALEX and Sim-SEQ initiatives AN - 1696874818; 2015-066382 AB - Building predictive model for flow and transport processes in the subsurface is a challenging task, even more so if these processes are coupled to geomechanical and/or geochemical effects. Modelers must take into consideration a multiplicity of length scales, a wide range of time scales, the coupling between processes, different model components, and the spatial variability in the value of most model input parameters (and often limited knowledge about them). Consequently, modelers have to make choices while developing their conceptual models. Such model choices may cause a wide range in the predictions made by different models and different modeling groups, even if each of the underlying simulators has been perfectly verified against appropriate benchmarks. In other words, the modeling activity itself is prone to uncertainty and bias. This uncertainty, referred to here as model selection uncertainty, forms one of the greatest sources of uncertainty for predictive modeling. In this paper, we discuss two examples of model intercomparison exercises that are currently undertaken to better understand model selection uncertainty, elucidate system behavior, inform needs for data collection and better physics parameterizations, and enhance community understanding of capabilities. The first example is the international DECOVALEX project, which was launched in 1992 by a group of countries dealing with modeling issues related to geologic disposal of radioactive waste. DECOVALEX is an acronym for DEvelopment of COupled THM models and their VALidation against Experiments. To date, the project has progressed successfully through five stages, each of which featuring a small number of test cases for model comparison related to coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes in geologic systems. The test cases are proposed and developed by the organizations participating in DECOVALEX; they typically involve results from major field and laboratory experiments. Over the past decades, the DECOVALEX project has played a major role in improving our understanding of coupled THM processes in fractured rock and buffer/backfill materials, a subject of importance to performance assessment of a radioactive waste geologic repository. The second example is the Sim-SEQ project, a relatively recent model comparison initiative addressing multi-phase processes relevant in geologic carbon sequestration. Like DECOVALEX, Sim-SEQ is not about benchmarking, but rather about evaluating model building efforts in a broad and comprehensive sense. In Sim-SEQ, sixteen international modeling teams are building their own models for a specific carbon sequestration site referred to as the Sim-SEQ Study site (the S-3 site). The S-3 site is patterned after the ongoing SECARB Phase III Early Test site in southwestern Mississippi, where CO2 is injected into a fluvial sandstone unit with high vertical and lateral heterogeneity. The complex geology of the S-3 site, its location in the water leg of a CO2-EOR field with a strong water drive, and the presence of methane in the reservoir brine make this a challenging task, requiring the modelers to use their best judgment in making a large number of choices about how to model various processes and properties of the system. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Mukhopadhyay, S AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Tsang, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H32G EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696874818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Model+comparison+in+subsurface+science%3B+the+DECOVALEX+and+Sim-SEQ+initiatives&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+J+T%3BMukhopadhyay%2C+S%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BTsang%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geoscience, engineering, and physics opportunities at the China JinPing underground laboratory, its extension, and at other sites > 2000 m AN - 1696874764; 2015-066321 AB - The expansion of the China JinPing Laboratory (CJPL) is planned along a main branch of a bypass tunnel in the JinPing tunnel complex during 2013-2015. This second phase of CJPL (CJPL-2) will have laboratory space increased from existing volume of nearly 2,000 m3 to approximately 80,000 m3. In this presentation, we first review the geophysical and engineering findings during the originally tunnel excavations of the JingPing tunnel complexes which are substantially under overburdens from 2,000 to 2,500 m. Acoustic emissions associated with excavation disturbed zones and fracture openings in the excavation damaged zones were monitored before some sudden rock bust events were observed. The CJPL-2 offers opportunities to validate the rock burst modeling and prediction capabilities for other deep excavation studies. We also discuss the possibilities of other local, regional, and global monitoring of seismic-induced radon emission and electromagnetic monitoring studies, coupled process in situ measurements, and other experiments from the prospective of geoscience studies at depths over 2000 m. Geophysical and engineering opportunities were evaluated together with the physics experiments requirements in a 2015 town meeting associated with the 13th International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (TAUP). The main objective of CJPL-2 is to provide amber spaces needed worldwide for physics rare event detections that can be benefited to locate at CJPL-2, the currently deepest physics laboratory. Discussions the TAUP town meeting included one-ton expansions of current CJPL setups of Germanium detector in the China Darkmatter EXperiment (CDEX), two-phase Xenon detector of the PandiX experiment, other cryogenic dark matter detectors, superheated liquid detectors, scintillation solar neutrino detectors, neutrino-less double beta decay detectors, nuclear astrophysics synthesis accelerators, and other experimental and detector ideas. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wang, J S AU - Li, S AU - Feng, X AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H31G EP - 1281 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696874764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geoscience%2C+engineering%2C+and+physics+opportunities+at+the+China+JinPing+underground+laboratory%2C+its+extension%2C+and+at+other+sites+%26gt%3B+2000+m&rft.au=Wang%2C+J+S%3BLi%2C+S%3BFeng%2C+X%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fault stability and CO2 storage in the early Paleozoic sedimentary basin of the St. Lawrence Lowlands (Quebec, Canada); insight from coupled reservoir-geomechanical modeling AN - 1696874744; 2015-066513 AB - A coupled reservoir-geomechanical (TOUGH-FLAC) modeling is applied to evaluate the potential shear failure along pre-existing high-angle normal faults and tensile failure in the caprock units (Utica Shale and Lorraine Group) associated with CO2 injection into the sandstone reservoir (Covey Hill Formation) of the early Paleozoic sedimentary basin in the St. Lawrence Lowlands (Quebec, Canada). Field and subsurface data are used to estimate sealing properties of the faults. The spatial variations in fluid pressure, effective minimum horizontal stress and shear strain are calculated for different injection rates using a simplified 2D geological model of the Becancour area between Montreal and Quebec City. The simulation results show that the likelihood of reactivating two reservoir-bounding faults (Yamaska and Champlain Faults) strongly depends on reservoir pressure at the faults, which in turn depends on injection rate, hydrological properties of aquifers and the distance between the faults and the injection well. The Yamaska Fault, which is located closer (1.5 km) to the injection zone is easier reactivated than the more distant (4.4 km) Champlain Fault. In addition, fault permeability affects the timing, localization, rate and length of fault shear slip. If the fault is sealing, shear slip occurs later in time and it is localized along the fault segment (230 m) below the caprock units. If the fault is permeable, the fault reactivation starts earlier and shear slip is nucleated along the fault segment (50 m) in the caprock units subsequently progressing up to the surface. Sealing fault behavior causes asymmetric fluid pressure build-up and lateral migration of CO2 plume away from the closer-to-injection Yamaska fault that reduces the overall risk of CO2 leakage along faults. The fluid-pressure induced tensile fracturing postdates shear failure along faults; it occurs only under extremely high reservoir pressure as a result of high injection rates, with fracturing being localized below the caprock units, which remain intact preventing upward CO2 migration. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Konstantinovskaya, E AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Malo, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H51O EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696874744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Fault+stability+and+CO2+storage+in+the+early+Paleozoic+sedimentary+basin+of+the+St.+Lawrence+Lowlands+%28Quebec%2C+Canada%29%3B+insight+from+coupled+reservoir-geomechanical+modeling&rft.au=Konstantinovskaya%2C+E%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BMalo%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Konstantinovskaya&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a 3D hydrogeological and geomechanical model of an enhanced geothermal system using micro-earthquake and ground deformation data from a 1-year injection program AN - 1696874733; 2015-068329 AB - In this study, integrated coupled processes modeling and field observations are used to build a three-dimensional hydrogeological and geomechanical model of an enhanced geothermal system (EGS) at the northwestern part of The Geysers geothermal field, California. We constructed a model and characterized hydraulic and mechanical properties of relevant geological layers and a system of multiple intersecting fault zones. The characterization was conducted through detailed coupled modeling of a 1 year stimulation injection with simultaneous field monitoring of reservoir pressure, microseismic activity, and ground surface deformations. The structural reservoir properties were characterized through a dynamic analysis of the microseismic activity recorded during the injection. The analysis of ground surface deformations were found to be particularly challenging as the subtle ground surface deformations caused by the injection at >3 km depth are intermingled with deformations caused by both tectonic deformations and seasonal ground surface effects associated with rainfall. However, through a detailed analysis of the field data we isolated local surface deformations associated with injection. Using the coupled fluid flow and geomechanical analysis of reservoir pressure responses in a number of monitoring wells and microseismic activity around the injection well, we back-calculated the hydraulic and mechanical properties of relevant rock mass layers and faults. The results show (1) the main cause of induced seismicity is an injection related pressure increase sufficient to trigger detectable seismic events, (2) the extension and shape of the microseismic cloud is strongly influenced by the pre-existing tectonic structures, (3) the critical importance of considering the fault system, including faults that compartmentalize the EGS system, and more permeable faults that provide conduits for injection water and fluid pressure diffusion that can extend up to one kilometer from the injection well and deep down into a granitic intrusion at a depth of approximately 4.0 km. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jeanne, P AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Vasco, D W AU - Garcia, J AU - Dobson, P F AU - Walter, M AU - Hartline, C S AU - Borgia, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H51D EP - 1221 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696874733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+3D+hydrogeological+and+geomechanical+model+of+an+enhanced+geothermal+system+using+micro-earthquake+and+ground+deformation+data+from+a+1-year+injection+program&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+P%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BVasco%2C+D+W%3BGarcia%2C+J%3BDobson%2C+P+F%3BWalter%2C+M%3BHartline%2C+C+S%3BBorgia%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hierarchical testing with automated document generation for amanzi, ASCEM's subsurface flow and reactive transport simulator AN - 1696873725; 2015-066397 AB - The Advanced Simulation Capabililty for Environmental Management (ASCEM) program is developing an approach and open-source tool suite for standardized risk and performance assessments at legacy nuclear waste sites. These assessments use a graded and iterative approach, beginning with simplified highly abstracted models, and adding geometric and geologic complexity as understanding is gained. To build confidence in this assessment capability, extensive testing of the underlying tools is needed. Since the tools themselves, such as the subsurface flow and reactive-transport simulator, Amanzi, are under active development, testing must be both hierarchical and highly automated. In this presentation we show how we have met these requirements, by leveraging the python-based open-source documentation system called Sphinx with several other open-source tools. Sphinx builds on the restructured text tool docutils, with important extensions that include high-quality formatting of equations, and integrated plotting through matplotlib. This allows the documentation, as well as the input files for tests, benchmark and tutorial problems, to be maintained with the source code under a version control system. In addition, it enables developers to build documentation in several different formats (e.g., html and pdf) from a single source. We will highlight these features, and discuss important benefits of this approach for Amanzi. In addition, we'll show that some of ASCEM's other tools, such as the sampling provided by the Uncertainty Quantification toolset, are naturally leveraged to enable more comprehensive testing. Finally, we will highlight the integration of this hierarchical testing and documentation framework with our build system and tools (CMake, CTest, and CDash). JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Moulton, J D AU - Steefel, C I AU - Yabusaki, S AU - Castleton, Karl AU - Scheibe, T D AU - Keating, E H AU - Freedman, V L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H33B EP - 1357 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696873725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hierarchical+testing+with+automated+document+generation+for+amanzi%2C+ASCEM%27s+subsurface+flow+and+reactive+transport+simulator&rft.au=Moulton%2C+J+D%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BYabusaki%2C+S%3BCastleton%2C+Karl%3BScheibe%2C+T+D%3BKeating%2C+E+H%3BFreedman%2C+V+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moulton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methane hydrate behavior when exposed to a 23% carbon dioxide 77% nitrogen gas under conditions similar to the ConocoPhillips 2012 Ignik Sikumi gas hydrate field trial AN - 1696873540; 2015-066497 AB - In-situ replacement of methane hydrate by carbon dioxide hydrate is considered to be a promising technique for producing natural gas, while simultaneously sequestering greenhouse gas in deep geological formations. For effective application of this technique in the field, kinetic models of gas exchange rates in hydrate under a variety of environmental conditions need to be established, and the impact of hydrate substitution on geophysical (seismic) properties has to be quantified in order to optimize monitoring techniques. We performed a series of laboratory tests in which we monitored changes in methane hydrate-bearing samples while a nitrogen/carbon dioxide gas mixture was flowed through. These experiments were conducted to gain insights into data obtained from a field test in which the same mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen was injected into a methane hydrate-bearing unit beneath the north slope of the Brooks Range in northern Alaska (ConocoPhillips 2012 Ignik Sikumi gas hydrate field trial). We have measured the kinetic gas exchange rate for a range of hydrate saturations and different test configurations, to provide an estimate for comparison to numerical model predictions. In our tests, the exchange rate decreased over time during the tests as methane was depleted from the system. Following the elution of residual gaseous methane, the exchange rate ranged from 3.8X10-7 moles methane/(mole water*s) to 5X10-8 moles methane/(mole water*s) (Note that in these rates, the moles of water refers to water originally held in the hydrate.). In addition to the gas exchange rate, we also monitored changes in permeability occurring due to the gas substitution. Further, we determined the seismic P and S wave velocities and attenuations using our Split Hopkinson Resonant Bar apparatus (e.g., Nakagawa, 2012, Rev. Sci. Instr.). In addition to providing geophysical signatures, changes in the seismic properties can also be related to changes in the mechanical strength of the hydrate-bearing sand resulting from exposure to the mixed gas. Upon introduction of the mixed gas, the sample became less stiff and wave attenuation increased, indicating the presence of liquid water between mineral grains and hydrate. Slow dissociation of hydrate conducted in this experiment showed a range of hydrate stability conditions as the gas composition changed from dissociation and dilution of the previously injected nitrogen. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Borglin, S E AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Nakagawa, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H51L EP - 1368 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696873540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Methane+hydrate+behavior+when+exposed+to+a+23%25+carbon+dioxide+77%25+nitrogen+gas+under+conditions+similar+to+the+ConocoPhillips+2012+Ignik+Sikumi+gas+hydrate+field+trial&rft.au=Borglin%2C+S+E%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BNakagawa%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Borglin&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated assessment modeling for carbon storage risk and uncertainty quantification AN - 1696873232; 2015-066383 AB - The National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) has developed tools to perform quantitative risk assessment at site-specific locations for long-term carbon storage. The approach that is being used is to divide the storage and containment system into components (e.g., reservoirs, seals, wells, groundwater aquifers), to develop detailed models for each component, to generate reduced order models (ROMs) based on the detailed models, and to reconnect the reduced order models within an integrated assessment model (IAM). CO2-PENS, developed at Los Alamos National Lab, is being used as the IAM for the simulations in this study. The benefit of this approach is that simulations of the complete system can be generated on a relatively rapid time scale so that Monte Carlo simulation can be performed. In this study, hundreds of thousands of runs of the IAMs have been generated to estimate likelihoods of the quantity of CO2 released to the atmosphere, size of aquifer impacted by pH, size of aquifer impacted by TDS, and size of aquifer with different metals concentrations. Correlations of the output variables with different reservoir, seal, wellbore, and aquifer parameters have been generated. Importance measures have been identified, and inputs have been ranked in the order of their impact on the output quantities. Presentation will describe the approach used, representative results, and implications for how the Monte Carlo analysis is implemented on uncertainty quantification. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bromhal, G S AU - Dilmore, R AU - Pawar, R AU - Stauffer, P H AU - Gastelum, J AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Zhang, Y AU - Chu, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H32G EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696873232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=66th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2011%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Debonded+Interfaces+on+Corrosion+of+Mild+Steel+Composites+in+Supercritical+CO2-Saturated+Brines&rft.au=Han%2C+Jiabin%3BCarey%2C+J%3BZhang%2C+Jinsuo&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Jiabin&rft.date=2011-03-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=66th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic permeability and clogging processes of riverbank filtration systems AN - 1696873164; 2015-066347 AB - Biogeochemical processes in porous media can directly impact the sustainability and influence the management decisions of Riverbank Filtration (RBF) systems. Quantifying the coupled hydrological and ecological processes enhancing or inhibiting flow is crucial for maintaining efficient and fully functioning RBF systems. Riverbed clogging (permeability reduction) is one such outcome imposed by multiple dynamic processes including changes in the water quality (sediments and nutrients), biomass growth and decay, and river and groundwater hydraulics (connection status, seasonal discharge and pumping). To assess the dynamic permeability of the riverbed supplying the Wohler RBF facility along the Russian River in California, seasonal changes in streambed seepage were assessed under the framework of a transitionally connected river against variations in predictors of biomass content. A U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Information System (NWIS) water quality dataset was dimensionally reduced using Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and the remaining variables were used in a multiple linear regression (MLR). Predictors of surface water biomass change include total phosphorous, carbon, nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, river water temperature and discharge, found using MLR with phytoplankton growth as a proxy for general surface water biomass. Riverbed biomass growth was modeled using the coupled saturated and variably saturated flow and reactive transport model MIN3P and compared with in-situ field values of riverbed biomass. Modeled relative riverbed biomass growth generally shows a decrease in the porosity of the riverbed sediment, similar to in-situ trends. The porosity reduction and subsequent hydraulic conductivity (K) reduction support prior modeling efforts and agree with predicted K from the seepage analysis. MIN3P modeled seepage decreases over time concurrently with the development of an unsaturated zone. Better understanding the predictors of riverbed clogging can not only provide a quantitative metric for managing pumping, but can also inform assessments and models of surface water-groundwater interactions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Newcomer, M E AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Fleckenstein, J H AU - Schmidt, C AU - Maier, U AU - Thullner, M AU - Rubin, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H31L EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696873164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Dynamic+permeability+and+clogging+processes+of+riverbank+filtration+systems&rft.au=Newcomer%2C+M+E%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BFleckenstein%2C+J+H%3BSchmidt%2C+C%3BMaier%2C+U%3BThullner%2C+M%3BRubin%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Newcomer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of multiphase modeling approaches for behavior of super critical CO2 in deep formations using analog fluids in the laboratory AN - 1696872383; 2015-066496 AB - Investigation of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) injection and migration in the laboratory is challenging due to difficulties in recreating the high pressures that exist in deep formations, influencing physicochemical properties of the fluid phases. Experimental simulation of scCO2 injection into deep saline formations can be performed under ambient pressure conditions in the laboratory scale by using combinations of analog fluids that mimic the flow dynamics of the phases involved in the actual scCO2 injection and migration in saline aquifers. In this study, dimensional analysis is used to describe the interplay of relevant forces acting on the fluid system during experiments conducted in a synthetic aquifer. The two-dimensional component of the experiment enables a qualitative estimation of the sweep efficiency, while a glycerol-water mixture and an isoparaffin solvent represent the displaced and invading phases, respectively. Viscosity and density ratios of this analog fluid combination are maintained consistent with brine and scCO2 in deep geologic formations. We present an experimental study of scCO2 injection and migration using a 3 ft X 2 ft synthetic quasi-2D aquifer aimed to quantify capillary entrapment factoring in hysteresis effects. Compared to one-dimensional core-flooding tests, the range of initial and residual non-wetting phase saturations at the end of the primary drainage and main imbibition stages in our experiments allows determination of the trapping curve through only one experiment. Finally, a numerical model with TOUGH2-T2VOC is used to simulate the experiments with analog fluids. Afterwards, a self-similar numerical model with TOUGH2-ECO2N simulating reservoir fluids is compared to the model with analog fluids in order to establish a link between the experimental scale and the field scale. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Trevisan, L AU - Illangasekare, T H AU - Agartan, E AU - Mori, H AU - Cihan, A AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Zhou, Q AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H51L EP - 1367 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696872383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+multiphase+modeling+approaches+for+behavior+of+super+critical+CO2+in+deep+formations+using+analog+fluids+in+the+laboratory&rft.au=Trevisan%2C+L%3BIllangasekare%2C+T+H%3BAgartan%2C+E%3BMori%2C+H%3BCihan%2C+A%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BZhou%2C+Q%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Trevisan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two-phase deformation of lower mantle mineral analogs AN - 1692744378; 2015-059353 AB - While much is known about preferred orientation in single phase rocks, deformation of polyphase rocks is largely unexplored. Nearly all of the Earth is composed of polymineral aggregates, including the lower mantle, which is of critical importance for understanding the geodynamic evolution of the planet. Geodynamic models predict large strains due to convection in the mantle, and polycrystal plasticity simulations suggest strong crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO). However, these models ignore interaction among phases, which is important for the lower mantle, estimated to be composed of approximately 25% soft magnesiowustite (Mg,Fe)O and approximately 70% harder Mg-perovskite (MgSiO (sub 3) ). Grains of the soft phase may become interconnected and act as a lubricant between grains of the harder phase, or the soft phase may not be interconnected, causing deformation to be absorbed by the harder phase. To study the effect of a second phase on CPO, we performed deformation experiments in the deformation-DIA (D-DIA) at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) while collecting X-ray diffraction patterns in situ. Since D-DIA cannot reach pressures of the lower mantle, we chose analog minerals halite (NaCl) and neighborite (NaMgF (sub 3) ) with the same structures and relative strengths as the original mantle minerals. Information on grain structure and distribution before and after deformation was collected using X-ray microtomography, both at the APS and the Advanced Light Source (ALS). Results from D-DIA experiments show that when present in as little as 25%, the soft phase absorbs much of the deformation, greatly reducing CPO of the harder phase. Conversely, CPO in NaCl is highest for the sample with highest NaCl content. This suggests that crystallographic orientation develops and evolves best in rocks largely composed of one mineral phase, and the addition of a second phase greatly hinders CPO, even at high strain. In addition, microtomography data shows that soft NaCl surrounds the harder grains of NaMgF (sub 3) . These findings are very encouraging, and we continue our study of two-phase deformation texture and microstructure with fast Fourier transform (FFT) modeling which takes into account interactions among grains. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kaercher, P M AU - Zepeda-Alarcon, E AU - Lebensohn, R AU - Miyagi, Lowell M AU - Kanitpanyacharoen, J AU - Wang, Y AU - Parkinson, D AU - DeCarlo, F AU - Wenk, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract MR41A EP - 2344 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692744378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Two-phase+deformation+of+lower+mantle+mineral+analogs&rft.au=Kaercher%2C+P+M%3BZepeda-Alarcon%2C+E%3BLebensohn%2C+R%3BMiyagi%2C+Lowell+M%3BKanitpanyacharoen%2C+J%3BWang%2C+Y%3BParkinson%2C+D%3BDeCarlo%2C+F%3BWenk%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kaercher&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in pore-space morphology and hydraulic properties of porous media resulting from coupling of flow and reactive transport AN - 1692743179; 2015-059107 AB - Environmental remediation approaches often perturb geochemical equilibrium. These perturbations may lead to geochemical transformations, such as precipitation and dissolution of minerals, which in turn can alter the hydraulic properties of the system. If significant changes take place in hydraulic properties, they may have an impact on flow. In short, there exits a feedback effect between flow and geochemical transport processes. There are some challenges associated with modeling the impacts of geochemical transformations on flow. First, the processes of geochemical transformations are best understood at the scale of individual pores. On the other hand, the changes that they cause in hydraulic properties, such as permeability and porosity, are meaningful only on larger scales. Second, it has been demonstrated that effects of geochemical transformations on flow are often threshold-controlled phenomena. For example, there is a critical value of porosity, around which permeability undergoes a sharp change because of a marked change in connectivity. Several gaps currently exist which limit our ability to understand, predict and monitor these emergent, threshold-dominated system transitions. In this presentation, we apply 3D pore network modeling and percolation theory concepts for investigating these threshold-controlled interactions between geochemical transformations and flow. We start with a network model of pores, and an initial distribution of pore radii. We first solve the flow problem using the initial distribution of pore radii. We postulate that the deposition of a mineral in a pore is not tied to the concentration of that mineral in the bulk fluid but to the radius of the pore, with the maximum deposition happening in the smallest pores. In practice, such a network represents a directed or correlated percolation model. A certain fraction of the pores are then assumed blocked (with the smallest pores being blocked first), and we recalculate the macroscopic property of the remaining percolation cluster. By generating multiple realizations of the same process, and employing a Monte Carlo type simulation approach, we can develop relationships between macroscopic properties and the extent of pore blocking. We show that the classical porosity-permeability relationships such as the Kozeny-Carman equations are not adequate to describe the evolution of macroscopic flow properties of these dynamically evolving systems, and we also show that the initial pore-space morphology and subsequent pore-connectivity alterations strongly influence the relationship between porosity and permeability. We also use the approach described above to explain certain observed porosity-permeability relationships from laboratory experiments and field tests. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mukhopadhyay, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H21E EP - 1110 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692743179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+pore-space+morphology+and+hydraulic+properties+of+porous+media+resulting+from+coupling+of+flow+and+reactive+transport&rft.au=Mukhopadhyay%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mukhopadhyay&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorite reactivity and contribution to flow path modifications under conditions relevant for CO2 sequestration AN - 1692743081; 2015-059201 AB - Iron-bearing clay minerals, such as chlorite, have been identified as key reactants with CO2 in caprock and reservoir formations and have been frequently shown to coat pores and even govern connected microporosity in these formations. Some studies have linked the total amount of CO2 trapped as carbonate minerals to the abundance of chlorite, glauconite, and smectite. However, the reactivity of these minerals under the conditions and timescales relevant for geologic sequestration of CO2 is largely unknown. When these minerals occur along a fracture leakage pathway, dissolution and precipitation reactions may create self-sealing or self-enhancing leakage pathways. In this presentation, we describe experiments that probe the reactivity of chlorite and its potential to alter connected porosity and either enhance or seal fracture leakage pathways. Our experiments use a network of capillary tubes packed with chlorite to mimic the case where a CO2-acidified brine flows through a fracture and reacts with iron-bearing clays in the caprock matrix. Before and after reaction, the chlorite-filled capillaries are imaged using 3D X-ray synchrotron microtomography at three points along the column to track changes in the pore structure. During the experiment, effluent ion concentrations are tracked using ICP-MS to infer mineralogical changes. The packed capillaries are imaged periodically during the experiment using Raman Spectroscopy to interpret the evolution of minerals along the tube length. Alteration of nanoporosity is assessed through TEM imaging or SAXS. Our experiments reveal how the couplings between mass transport, weathering reactions, and pore structure alteration affect the geochemical evolution of fracture permeability. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Beckingham, L E AU - Yang, L AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Voltolini, M AU - Banuelos, J L AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Bourg, I C AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H53C EP - 1432 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692743081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Chlorite+reactivity+and+contribution+to+flow+path+modifications+under+conditions+relevant+for+CO2+sequestration&rft.au=Beckingham%2C+L+E%3BYang%2C+L%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BVoltolini%2C+M%3BBanuelos%2C+J+L%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BBourg%2C+I+C%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beckingham&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting upscaling relationships for heterogeneous flow and reactive transport at the Savannah River site AN - 1692742971; 2015-059067 AB - This study aims at understanding key hydrogeochemical processes dictating pH behavior and U transport at the Savannah River Site (SRS) F-Area, South Carolina, with particular focus on the impact of chemical and physical heterogeneities. Acidic waste solutions containing low level radioactivity from numerous isotopes were discharged to a series of unlined seepage basins at the F-Area, from 1955 through 1989, which resulted in a nearly 1 km long acidic uranium plume. Reactive facies is a new approach that spatially characterizes linked flow and geochemical properties over large domains, where it is typically challenging to obtain parameters with sufficient resolution for reactive transport modeling. This approach - based on the hypothesis that we can identify geological units that have unique distributions of reactive transport properties - allows us to integrate various types of datasets (e.g., historical data, laboratory analysis, crosshole and surface geophysics) for estimating heterogeneous reactive transport parameters. At the SRS F-Area, data mining and iteration with laboratory analysis identified two reactive facies coincident with the depositional facies, which have distinct distributions of reactive transport properties: %fines, permeability, and Al:Fe ratio (proxy for kaolinite:geothite ratio). The reactive facies over the plume-scale domain was estimated based on measured data (foot-by-foot core analysis, cone penetrometer, crosshole seismic and surface seismic data) and integrated using the Bayesian framework. In parallel, a numerical reactive transport model was developed including saturated and unsaturated flow, and complex geochemical processes such as U(VI) and H+ adsorption (surface complexation) onto sediments and dissolution and precipitation of Al and Fe minerals. By combining the developed reactive transport model with the estimated spatial distribution of reactive transport parameters, we perform stochastic simulations of U and pH plume evolution at the F-Area. The random reactive facies fields sampled from the estimated posterior distribution are used to distribute the reactive transport parameters (i.e., permeability, porosity, reactive surface area, mineral ratio). We explore the optimal level of representing heterogeneity needed for reliable predictions of contaminant mobility at plume scales over long time frames as well as the computational burden associated with it. We compare the results from different cases with various complexities such as (1) homogeneous properties in each formation, (2) heterogeneous mean field of each parameter, and (3) multiple random fields of either flow or geochemical parameters. The results show that it is necessary to have stochastic simulation using random fields (not just a mean field) for accounting the effect of heterogeneity, although it is computationally intensive, and also to have the linkage between flow and geochemical parameters. In the results, because sorption sites become quickly saturated by the massive H+ and U influx, heterogeneous surface areas (within a given facies) affect the predicted pH and U transport mainly at early times and at the plume edge. Heterogeneities are, therefore, expected to become relevant over the long term when contaminant concentrations have decreased below sorption saturation levels. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Arora, B AU - Wainwright, H M AU - Spycher, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H21B EP - 1030 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692742971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Predicting+upscaling+relationships+for+heterogeneous+flow+and+reactive+transport+at+the+Savannah+River+site&rft.au=Arora%2C+B%3BWainwright%2C+H+M%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracing time scales of fluid residence and migration in the crust AN - 1692742782; 2015-059008 AB - Crustal fluids (water, gas and oil) mediate chemical reactions, and they may transport, concentrate or disperse elements in the crust; the fluids are often valuable resources in their own right. In this context, determining the time scales of fluid transport and residence time is essential for understanding geochemical cycle of elements, as well as risk and resource management. Crustal fluids contain stable and radioactive noble gases indigenous to the fluid, which may be of magmatic or atmospheric origin of various ages. In addition, radiogenic and nucleogenic noble gases (both stable and radioactive) are continuously produced by the decay of U, Th and K and related nuclear reactions in the crust at known rates and in known relative proportions. They may be released from their production sites and incorporated into the fluid, acting as natural spikes to trace fluid flow. The concentrations of a noble gas isotope in a crustal fluid in a system devoid of phase separation or mixing varies as a function of decay time and supply from the production sites into the fluids. The release rate of noble gases from the production sites in minerals to the fluid phase may be determined uniquely through the studies of noble gas radionuclides (Yokochi et al., 2012), which is fundamental to the behavior of volatile elements in geochemistry. A pilot study of noble gas radionuclides in an active geothermal system was performed at Yellowstone National Park (Yokochi et al., 2013). Prior studies of the Yellowstone system using stable noble gas isotopes show that the thermal fluids contain a mixture of atmospheric, mantle, and crustal components. Noble gas radionuclide measurements provide new chronometric constraints regarding the subsurface residence times of Yellowstone thermal fluids. Upper limits on deep thermal fluid mean residence times, estimated from (super 39) Ar/ (super 40) Ar* ratios, range from 118 to 137 kyr for features in the Gibbon and Norris Geyser Basin areas, and are about 16 kyr in Lower Geyser Basin, with the key assumption that the fluid acquires its crustal component of Ar in Quaternary volcanic rock of the Yellowstone caldera. Krypton-81 isotopic abundances in the gas samples yield upper limits on residence time that are consistent with those obtained from (super 39) Ar/ (super 40) Ar* ratios. Young fluid components can also be determined by krypton-85 concentrations in the extracted gases. Better understanding of the production mechanisms of noble-gas radionuclides in reservoir rocks would significantly decrease the uncertainties in modeling fluid residence times. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yokochi, R AU - Sturchio, N C AU - Purtschert, R AU - Jiang, W AU - Lu, Z AU - Mueller, P AU - Yang, G AU - Kennedy, B M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H13I EP - 1491 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692742782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Tracing+time+scales+of+fluid+residence+and+migration+in+the+crust&rft.au=Yokochi%2C+R%3BSturchio%2C+N+C%3BPurtschert%2C+R%3BJiang%2C+W%3BLu%2C+Z%3BMueller%2C+P%3BYang%2C+G%3BKennedy%2C+B+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yokochi&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors controlling radionuclide transport behavior in a generic geological radioactive waste repository AN - 1692742772; 2015-059106 AB - One of the main challenges in designing a geological repository for high-level nuclear waste is the assessment of postclosure safety, which involves the long-term ability of the engineered system and the geological host formation to contain and delay the leakage of radionuclides toward the biosphere. A correct assessment requires detailed knowledge of the factors controlling radionuclide transport in the different components of the geological disposal system. For instance, molecular diffusion, which is considered the dominant transport mechanism in low-permeable geological formations, may be influenced by the heterogeneity of the diffusive parameters and by electrochemical processes. Likewise, the prevalence of advective transport in the near-field excavation damaged zone (EDZ) may be controlled by the hydrogeological conditions in the host formation, as well as by hydrogeological and geometrical properties. In this study, we performed two-dimensional numerical simulations of groundwater flow and radionuclide transport to study the influence of several factors on the prevailing transport mechanism (i.e., advection or molecular diffusion) in the different components of a geological nuclear waste repository system. Particular attention was given to the excavation damaged zone (EDZ) around the repository tunnels and access shaft, which was modeled as a single effective continuum as well as with the dual-porosity approach. We considered different hydrogeological and geometrical factors, including the ambient hydraulic gradient, the presence of groundwater pressure anomalies, and the thickness of the EDZ and its hydraulic properties. By comparing simulation results, we show that transport behavior and the role of the EDZ as a preferential flow path for radionuclide transport is most sensitive to the hydrogeological conditions in the host rock. When the hydraulic gradient in the host rock is reduced by a factor of 5 from the unit value, we observe a significant reduction in the area within the EDZ where advection dominates. However, the presence of overpressures in the host rock, as typically observed in clay-rock formations in sedimentary basins, can significantly increase the importance of advection and consequentially transport velocity, even in systems with a low regional hydraulic gradient. The opposite behavior was observed for an undepressurized system. Transport behavior is also sensitive to the modeling approach used to simulate flow in the EDZ fractures, and to geometrical and hydrogeological parameters of the EDZ. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bianchi, M AU - Liu, H AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H21E EP - 1109 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692742772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Factors+controlling+radionuclide+transport+behavior+in+a+generic+geological+radioactive+waste+repository&rft.au=Bianchi%2C+M%3BLiu%2C+H%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bianchi&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discrete fracture hydromechanical model for the disturbed rock zone in a clay rock AN - 1692742742; 2015-059165 AB - We have developed a coupled thermal-hydrological-mechanical (THM) fracture damage model, TOUGH-RBSN, to investigate the behavior of fracture generation and evolution in rock in the presence of perturbations to THM conditions. This model combines the capabilities of the TOUGH2 simulator to represent thermal-hydrological processes with a rigid-body-spring-network (RBSN) model, a type of discrete modeling, to treat geomechanical and fracture-damage processes. In particular, the development and evolution of fractures in the excavation damaged zone (EDZ) of a clay rock, with application to high-level nuclear waste disposal, is a focus for this model development. Previously, the TOUGH-RBSN approach has been used to model fracture damage under tensile conditions as a result of desiccation shrinkage. The next phase of model testing will be application to the HG-A test being conducted at the Mont Terri underground research laboratory (URL) near Saint-Ursanne, Switzerland. This test is being conducted in a 13-m long, 1-m diameter microtunnel in the Opalinus clay rock in which a test section at the far end of the microtunnel is isolated using a packer. The test is specifically targeted to observe how fluids injected into the test section penetrate into the rock, with particular emphasis on the EDZ. The HG-A microtunnel was excavated in 2005 and subsequent mapping of the tunnel surface shows preferential fracturing and tunnel breakouts along zones where bedding planes are tangential to the tunnel wall and where faults intercept the tunnel. It appears that the EDZ fracture damage can be attributed to both tensile and shear fracturing mechanisms. A series of injection tests with water and gas have been performed which also show preferential invasion of the fluid pressure along the observed damage zones, as well as fracture self-sealing over time. The TOUGH-RBSN approach has been successfully applied to modeling fracture driven by predominately tensile loading, whereas only limited attempts have been conducted for more complicated stress conditions. In order to apply TOUGH-RBSN to the HG-A test, further model development was required to expand the fracture model capability to include shear failure. Attention focuses on the fracture behavior under multi-axial stress conditions (e.g., uni-/multi-axial compression). We have developed and now utilize a new fracture model, based on an averaging of a tensorial representation of stress at the nodal sites. This approach reduces mesh bias on the fracture criterion associated the random polyhedral geometries. Examples of fracture development in clay rock are examined for the EDZ and for cases in which hydraulic overpressure leads to hydraulic fracturing. Fluid flow behavior in these evolving fracture networks and eventual fracture closing and self-sealing are investigated. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Asahina, D AU - Houseworth, J E AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H53A EP - 1396 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692742742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Discrete+fracture+hydromechanical+model+for+the+disturbed+rock+zone+in+a+clay+rock&rft.au=Asahina%2C+D%3BHouseworth%2C+J+E%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Asahina&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methane exsolution due to carbon dioxide injection in deep saline reservoirs; implications for geologic carbon sequestration AN - 1692740909; 2015-059022 AB - Deep saline formations targeted for geologic carbon sequestration, especially in areas known for hydrocarbon production, may contain significant concentrations of dissolved CH (sub 4) . As CO (sub 2) enters the formation water either in its free phase or dissolved forms, CH (sub 4) tends to exsolve from the water, potentially causing complications for geologic carbon sequestration. We have used numerical simulation with TOUGH2/EOS7C to investigate the process of CH (sub 4) exsolution caused by CO (sub 2) injection into deep formations containing water saturated with CH (sub 4) . We validated the solubility model in TOUGH2/EOS7C against published measurements of solubility and corresponding Henry's Law coefficients which show that CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) solubilities actually increase with dissolution of the other component. Exsolution occurs because the partial pressures exerted by dissolved CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) in water exceed the static pressure, which can lead to the formation of a CH (sub 4) -rich gas phase. We verified our results against a previously published one-dimensional test problem, and investigated the effects of numerical dispersion on the process. In 2D radial simulations of a model system, we found that highly concentrated CH (sub 4) gas regions form at the leading edge of the CO (sub 2) injection front, but the gas saturations in such regions are small. Because the gas saturations are small in the CH (sub 4) -rich gas regions in the generic system studied here, (1) CH (sub 4) exsolution does not appear to be a problem for seismic monitoring of CO (sub 2) plumes, (2) reservoir pressurization due to dilution of supercritical CO (sub 2) by CH (sub 4) does not appear to be a concern, and (3) relative permeability is not strongly reduced. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Doughty, C AU - Spycher, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H13M EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692740909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Methane+exsolution+due+to+carbon+dioxide+injection+in+deep+saline+reservoirs%3B+implications+for+geologic+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+C+M%3BDoughty%2C+C%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring dislocation creep in diamond anvil cells AN - 1692740872; 2015-059237 AB - Dislocation creep is a major mechanism of viscoelastic flow of rocks but it's examination in experiments under the conditions of the Earth's deeper mantle is challenging. Current techniques correlate measured plastic aggregate deformation with dislocation slip systems observed after recovery. While this works well in many cases, it must fail wherever post recovery examination of dislocations is impossible such as for non-recoverable or barely metastable phases. We present a technique of direct observation of dislocation creep under high pressure and of determination of the active slip systems. The technique is based on an assembly of piston- and sample crystals within the diamond cell sample chamber, on quantitative assessment of temporal evolution of lattice strain in individual sample crystallites, and on modeling of dislocation slip systems based on Laue diffraction peak profiles. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tschauner, Oliver D AU - Burnley, P C AU - Kunz, M AU - Tamura, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract MR31A EP - 2266 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692740872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Measuring+dislocation+creep+in+diamond+anvil+cells&rft.au=Tschauner%2C+Oliver+D%3BBurnley%2C+P+C%3BKunz%2C+M%3BTamura%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tschauner&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupling geomechanics with flow and reactive transport in PFLOTRAN for subsurface applications AN - 1692740758; 2015-059103 AB - With increase in the number of emerging subsurface applications that involve several coupled processes such as thermal, hydrological, mechanical and chemical, there is a need for computational models that are capable of simulating these processes. Some of such applications include carbon sequestration, nuclear waste disposal, enhanced geothermal systems, degradation of permafrost in the Arctic, etc. In this work, the approach to couple geomechanics with non-isothermal flow and reactive transport in PFLOTRAN is described. PFLOTRAN (http://www.pflotran.org) is a massively parallel open-source code originally developed for multiphase, non-isothermal flow and reactive transport. Details regarding the coupling algorithm, parallel framework and parallel performance is shown. Example simulations using this new multi-physics capability are also presented. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Karra, S AU - Bisht, G AU - Lichtner, Peter C AU - Hammond, G E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H21E EP - 1106 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692740758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Seismo-acoustic+wavefield+characterization+of+the+January+3%2C+2011+M+%28sub+L%29+4.6+Circleville+earthquake+in+Utah&rft.au=Burlacu%2C+R%3BArrowsmith%2C+S+J%3BPankow%2C+K+L%3BKoper%2C+K+D%3BHale%2C+J+M%3BStump%2C+B+W%3BHayward%2C+C%3BMagnani%2C+M+Beatrice%3BLangston%2C+Chuck&rft.aulast=Burlacu&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2011-03-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implementation and application of a dual structure model for simulating the behavior of expansive soils AN - 1692740677; 2015-059048 AB - We have implemented a constitutive model for unsaturated expansive soils in FLAC3D. The main feature of this constitutive model is the consideration of two pore levels: a microstructure that accounts for the active clay minerals and a macrostructure related to major structural rearrangement. The microstructure behaves elastically, while the macrostructure can undergo irreversible strain. The two structural levels interact between them, which allows simulating irreversible strain accumulation upon suction cycles. Strain accumulation can be either an expansion, if the state of compaction of the macrostructure is low, because macroporosity develops upon suction cycles, or a compaction, if the state of compaction of the macrostructure is high, as a result of microspores invading macropores. This model can be linked to chemistry by accounting for the effect of cation exchange on the stiffness of the microstructure. We have verified the implementation of this model by comparing our results with published numerical simulations and laboratory experiments. We have applied this dual structure model using THOUGHREACT-FLAC to simulate the thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical behavior of bentonite-sand mixtures, which are being considered as back-fill and buffer materials for geologic nuclear waste disposal. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vilarrasa, V AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Zheng, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H14A EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692740677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Implementation+and+application+of+a+dual+structure+model+for+simulating+the+behavior+of+expansive+soils&rft.au=Vilarrasa%2C+V%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BZheng%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vilarrasa&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance evaluation and uncertainty analysis of hydrologic components of the CESM/iESM AN - 1692740647; 2015-059074 AB - Climatic trends affect water availability and suitability through soil water storage, groundwater recharge, and surface runoff. The integrated Earth System Model (iESM) offers the dynamic platform for evaluating energy/water/climate/land use feedbacks. The Community Land Model (CLM) is the land component of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) and simulates biogeophysics, biogeochemistry, hydrologic cycle, and ecosystem dynamics of the terrestrial ecosystem. We conduct error quantification and sensitivity studies of iESM/CESM water supply and demand to evaluate the performance of hydrologic components of the model. Surface soil moisture (10 cm) was compared to microwave satellite soil moisture product maintained by European Space Agency (ESA), and runoff field was compared to Global Runoff Data Base (GRDB). CESM was found to perform the best among four CMIP5 archived models (MIROC5, HadCM3, CSIRO). The CESM overestimates soil moisture in the wetland/lake area in high latitude that is likely due to misrepresentation of the open water body as saturated soils. Overall CESM tends to underestimate runoff, especially in Amazon, Japan, south China, and Southeast Asia. Further analyses indicate surface soil moisture is dependent on precipitation during unfrozen seasons, and is inversely correlated to surface temperature. Surface soil moisture is also correlated to evapotranspiration except in monsoon prevailing areas where summer high humidity prevents evapotranspiration even when soils are wet. The next step will be testing the model with offline atmospheric forcings to mask out the uncertainties from inputs. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Du, E AU - Di Vittorio, A V AU - Collins, W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H21C EP - 1053 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692740647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Performance+evaluation+and+uncertainty+analysis+of+hydrologic+components+of+the+CESM%2FiESM&rft.au=Du%2C+E%3BDi+Vittorio%2C+A+V%3BCollins%2C+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Du&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contrasts between deformation accommodated by induced seismic and aseismic processes revealed by combined monitoring of seismicity and surface deformations; Brady geothermal field, Nevada, USA AN - 1689592039; 2015-056531 AB - Fluid pressure change accompanying pumping in the Brady Geothermal Field is associated with two easily measureable deformation responses: (1) surface deformations and 2) seismic slip. Surface deformation can be imaged by InSAR and appears to correspond to volume change at depth. Seismic slip on fractures is likely induced by either changes in effective normal stress or solid stress with minimal impact to volume. Both responses have potential impact on permeability structure due to dilation or compaction along natural fractures. We present an integrated data set that compares pumping records with these deformation responses to investigate their coupling and to constrain the geometry and rheology of the reservoir and surrounding crust. We also seek to clarify the relationship between induced seismicity and pumping. Currently, the dominant pumping signal is pressure reduction resulting from on-going production since 1992. Surface subsidence extends over a region of approximately 5 km by 2 km with the long axis along the strike of the major normal faults associated with the reservoir. Smaller approximately 1 km length-scale regions of intense subsidence are associated bends or intersections among individual normal fault segments. Modeling of the deformation source indicates that the broader subsidence pattern is consistent with the majority of fluid extraction from a reservoir at a depth of approximately 1 km and extending along the entire length of the mapped Brady normal fault. The more intense subsidence is consistent with fluid extraction along steep conduits from shallower depths that extend to the main reservoir. These results indicate a reservoir much larger than would be expected from the footprint of the production wells. In contrast, seismicity is primarily concentrated along a narrow path between injecting and producing wells, but outside the regions of most intense subsidence. Overall, seismicity represents only a small fraction of the strain energy associated with subsidence. During the latter half of 2013, Enhanced Geothermal Systems demonstration well 15-12ST1, located immediately SSW of the current production area along the direction of the structural trend and SHmax, will be stimulated to expand the reservoir, providing the opportunity to evaluate injection dominated behavior. Along with a geomechanical model of the stress state from borehole observations and well testing, modeling of the deformation and pumping history provides a key means to characterize the stress state and pre-stimulation reservoir properties. Continued monitoring of surface deformation and seismicity accompanying production and injection following stimulation will test if the stimulation significantly pre-existing patterns. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Davatzes, N C AU - Ali, S T AU - Mellors, R J AU - Foxall, W AU - Wang, H F AU - Feigl, K L AU - Drakos, P S AU - Zemach, E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H54B EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689592039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Contrasts+between+deformation+accommodated+by+induced+seismic+and+aseismic+processes+revealed+by+combined+monitoring+of+seismicity+and+surface+deformations%3B+Brady+geothermal+field%2C+Nevada%2C+USA&rft.au=Davatzes%2C+N+C%3BAli%2C+S+T%3BMellors%2C+R+J%3BFoxall%2C+W%3BWang%2C+H+F%3BFeigl%2C+K+L%3BDrakos%2C+P+S%3BZemach%2C+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davatzes&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and simulation studies of pore scale flow and reactive transport associated with supercritical CO2 injection into brine-filled reservoir rocks AN - 1689591687; 2015-056399 AB - This talk will review recent research relating to pore scale reactive transport effects done in the context of the Department of Energy-sponsored Energy Frontier Research Center led by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory with several other laboratory and University partners. This Center, called the Center for Nanoscale Controls on Geologic CO2 (NCGC) has focused effort on the behavior of supercritical CO2 being injected into and/or residing as capillary trapped-bubbles in sandstone and shale, with particular emphasis on the description of nanoscale to pore scale processes that could provide the basis for advanced simulations. In general, simulation of reservoir-scale behavior of CO2 sequestration assumes a number of mostly qualitative relationships that are defensible as nominal first-order descriptions of single-fluid systems, but neglect the many complications that are associated with a two-phase or three-phase reactive system. The contrasts in properties, and the mixing behavior of scCO2 and brine provide unusual conditions for water-rock interaction, and the NCGC has investigated the underlying issues by a combination of approaches including theoretical and experimental studies of mineral nucleation and growth, experimental studies of brine films, mineral wetting properties, dissolution-precipitation rates and infiltration patterns, molecular dynamic simulations and neutron scattering experiments of fluid properties for fluid confined in nanopores, and various approaches to numerical simulation of reactive transport processes. The work to date has placed new constraints on the thickness of brine films, and also on the wetting properties of CO2 versus brine, a property that varies between minerals and with salinity, and may also change with time as a result of the reactivity of CO2-saturated brine. Mineral dissolution is dependent on reactive surface area, which can be shown to vary by a large factor for various minerals, especially when correlated with interconnected pore space. High-resolution numerical simulations of reactive transport can ultimate lead to quantitative descriptions of pore scale chemistry and flow, and examples of recent developments will be presented. However, only a limited description of the processes can realistically be treated in such simulations, and only for chemically simple systems. Whether and when more complete simulations will be achievable is yet to be determined. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Steefel, C I AU - Bourg, I C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H41P EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689591687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+simulation+studies+of+pore+scale+flow+and+reactive+transport+associated+with+supercritical+CO2+injection+into+brine-filled+reservoir+rocks&rft.au=DePaolo%2C+D+J%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BBourg%2C+I+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=DePaolo&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution reactive transport; a coupled parallel hydrogeochemical model AN - 1689591286; 2015-056468 AB - Subsurface hydrogeochemical systems are an especially complex component of the terrestrial environment and play host to a multitude of interactions. Parameterizations of these interactions are perhaps the least understood component of terrestrial systems, presenting uncertainties in the predictive understanding of biogeochemical cycling and transport. Thorough knowledge of biogeochemical transport processes is critical to the quantification of carbon/nutrient fluxes in the subsurface, and to the development of effective contaminant remediation techniques. Here we present a coupled parallel hydrogeochemical model, ParCrunchFlow, as a tool to further our understanding of governing processes and interactions in natural hydrogeochemical systems. ParCrunchFlow is a coupling of the reactive transport simulator CrunchFlow with the hydrologic model ParFlow. CrunchFlow is a multicomponent reactive flow and transport code that can be used to simulate a range of important processes and environments, including reactive contaminant transport, chemical weathering, carbon sequestration, biogeochemical cycling, and water-rock interaction. ParFlow is a parallel, three-dimensional, variably-saturated, coupled surface-subsurface flow and transport code with the ability to simulate complex topography, geology, and heterogeneity. ParCrunchflow takes advantage of the efficient parallelism built into Parflow, allowing the numerical simulation of reactive transport processes in chemically and physically heterogeneous media at high spatial resolutions. This model provides an ability to further examine the interactions and feedbacks between biogeochemical systems and complex subsurface flow fields. In addition to the details of model construction, results will be presented that show floodplain nutrient cycling and the effects of heterogeneity on small-scale mixing reactions at the Department of Energy's Old Rifle Legacy site. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Beisman, J J AU - Maxwell, R M AU - Steefel, C I AU - Sitchler, A AU - Molins, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H43D EP - 1468 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689591286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=High-resolution+reactive+transport%3B+a+coupled+parallel+hydrogeochemical+model&rft.au=Beisman%2C+J+J%3BMaxwell%2C+R+M%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BSitchler%2C+A%3BMolins%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beisman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil moisture dynamics in the shallow subsurface near the land/atmospheric interface; challenges and new research approaches AN - 1689591059; 2015-056397 AB - Soil moisture processes in the subsurface/near-land-surface, play a crucial role in the hydrologic cycle and global water budget. This zone is subject to both natural and human induced disturbances, resulting in continually changing soil structure and hydraulic, thermal, and mechanical properties. Understanding of the dynamics of soil moisture distribution in this zone is of interest in various applications in hydrology such as land-atmospheric interaction, soil evaporation and evapotranspiration, as well as emerging problems on assessing the risk of leakage of sequestrated CO2 from deep geologic formations to the shallow subsurface, and potential leakage of methane to the atmosphere in shale gas development that contributes to global warming. Shallow subsurface soil moisture is highly influenced by diurnal temperature variations, evaporation/condensation, precipitation and liquid water and water vapor flow, all of which are strongly coupled. Modeling studies, have shown that soil moisture in this zone is highly sensitive to the heat and mass flux boundary conditions at the land surface. Hence, approximation of these boundary conditions without properly incorporating complex feedback between the land and the atmospheric boundary layer are expected to result in significant errors. Even though considerable knowledge exists on how soil moisture changes in response to the flux and energy boundary conditions, emerging problems involving land atmospheric interactions require the quantification of soil moisture variability at higher spatial and temporal resolutions than what is needed in traditional applications in soil physics and vadose zone hydrology. These factors lead to many modeling challenges, primarily of which is the issue of up-scaling. It is our contention that knowledge that will contribute to both improving our understanding of the fundamental processes and practical problem solutions cannot be obtained using only field data. Basic to this limitation is the inability to make field measurements at very fine scales at high temporal resolutions. Also, as the natural boundary conditions at the land/atmospheric interface are not controllable in the field, even in pilot scale studies, the developed theories and models cannot be validated for a diversity of conditions that could be expected. As an alternative, we propose an innovative testing approach that couples a low velocity boundary layer climate wind tunnel to intermediate scale porous media tanks. Intermediate scale testing using soil tanks packed to represent different heterogeneous test configurations provides an attractive and cost effective alternative to investigate a class of problems involving the shallow unsaturated zone. In this talk, we will present examples of studies we have conducted in a hierarchy of test systems, including the intermediate scale. The advantages and limitations of testing at this scale are discussed using these examples. The features and capabilities of newly developed test systems are presented with the goal of exploring opportunities to use them to study some of the challenging multi-scale problems in the near surface unsaturated zone. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Illangasekare, T H AU - Smits, K M AU - Trautz, A AU - Rice, A K AU - Cihan, A AU - Davarzani, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H41O EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689591059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Soil+moisture+dynamics+in+the+shallow+subsurface+near+the+land%2Fatmospheric+interface%3B+challenges+and+new+research+approaches&rft.au=Illangasekare%2C+T+H%3BSmits%2C+K+M%3BTrautz%2C+A%3BRice%2C+A+K%3BCihan%2C+A%3BDavarzani%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Illangasekare&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geomechanics of hydraulic stimulation in geothermal systems; designing and implementing a successful enhanced geothermal system at Desert Peak, Nevada AN - 1689591019; 2015-056532 AB - Creation of an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) in hot but low-permeability rocks involves hydraulic stimulation of fracture permeability to develop a complex heat exchange system with low hydraulic impedance. An integrated study of stress, fractures and rock mechanical properties was conducted to develop the geomechanical framework for a multi-stage EGS stimulation in Desert Peak well 27-15, located at the low-permeability margins of an active geothermal field. The stimulation targeted silicified tuffs and metamorphosed mudstones at depths of 0.9 to 1.8 km and temperatures approximately 180 to 210 degrees C. Drilling-induced tensile fractures in image logs from well 27-15 show that the least horizontal principal stress (S (sub hmin) ) is consistent with normal faulting on ESE- and WNW-dipping fractures mapped at the surface and seen in the image logs. A hydraulic fracturing stress measurement indicates that the magnitude of S (sub hmin) at approximately 0.93 km depth is 0.61 of the calculated vertical stress. Coulomb failure calculations using these stresses together with measurements of friction and permeability on core predict that dilatant shear failure should be induced on pre-existing conjugate normal faults once pore pressures are increased approximately 2.5 MPa or more above ambient values, generating a zone of enhanced permeability elongated in the direction toward active geothermal wells approximately 0.5 km to the SSW. Hydraulic stimulation of well 27-15 began in September 2010 by injecting water into the open-hole interval between the casing shoe at 0.9 km depth and a temporary cement plug at 1.1 km. Stimulation was monitored by combined surface and down-hole seismic monitoring, inter-well tracer testing and periodic pressure-temperature-flowmeter logging. An initial stage of low-pressure (shear) stimulation was conducted for approximately 100 days at a series of pressure steps S (sub hmin) and injection rates up to 2800 l/min, resulting in an additional 6-fold increase in injectivity. Numerous microearthquakes induced during this high-pressure stage along with tracer testing demonstrated growth of the stimulated volume and establishment of a strong hydrologic connection between well 27-15 and geothermal production wells to the SSW. After drilling out the cement plug and opening up the stimulation zone to the total depth of the well (1.8 km), additional stages of low- and high-pressure stimulation were carried out in early 2013. This full-hole stimulation was characterized by continued growth of the microseismic cloud in the NNE-SSW direction and strong tracer returns to the main geothermal field. A cumulative 175-fold injectivity gain was achieved in well 27-15 over the entire EGS project, which exceeded project goals. The Desert Peak geomechanical model predicted both the approximate initiation criteria and directional characteristics of the injection-induced shear and tensile failure and resulting permeability gains that led to success of this EGS project. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hickman, S H AU - Davatzes, N C AU - Zemach, E AU - Chabora, E AU - Lutz, S AU - Rose, P AU - Majer, E L AU - Robertson-Tait, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H54B EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689591019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geomechanics+of+hydraulic+stimulation+in+geothermal+systems%3B+designing+and+implementing+a+successful+enhanced+geothermal+system+at+Desert+Peak%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Hickman%2C+S+H%3BDavatzes%2C+N+C%3BZemach%2C+E%3BChabora%2C+E%3BLutz%2C+S%3BRose%2C+P%3BMajer%2C+E+L%3BRobertson-Tait%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hickman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relevance of pore structure and diffusion-accessible porosity for calcium-bromide diffusion in Na-montmorillonite AN - 1689589417; 2015-053618 AB - Bentonite is an important hydraulic barrier material in many geotechnical applications, such as geosynthetic clay liners at solid waste landfills, or as proposed backfill material in engineered barrier systems at nuclear waste repositories. The limited permeability of bentonite is at least partially the result of its low porosity and the swelling of Na-montmorillonite, its major mineralogical component, in water. Due to these characteristics, the transport of contaminants through bentonite layers is expected to be limited and dominated by diffusion processes. In bentonite, the majority of the connected porosity is associated with montmorillonite particles, which consist of stacks of negatively-charged smectite layers. As a result, compacted smectite has two types of porosities: (1) large pores between clay particles, where diffusion is less affected by electric-double-layer forces, and (2) very thin interlayer spaces within individual clay particles, where diffusion is strongly impacted by surface charge and ionic strength. As diffusion is expected to take place differently in these two volumes, this essentially creates two "small-scale diffusion pathways", where each may become dominant under different system conditions. Furthermore, for surface-reactive solutes, these two porous regimes differ with regards to surface complexation reactions. Electrostatic and hydration forces only are thought to govern interlayer binding, whereas chemical bonding with surface ligands is dominant for reactions at edge sites of layered clay particles and for iron oxide nanoparticles on outer basal planes. In this presentation, we will demonstrate the relevance of clay pore structure and diffusion-accessible porosity for solute diffusion rates, and hence, contaminant mobility in bentonites. First, we will discuss the effects of chemical solution conditions on montmorillonite properties, such as clay surface charge, diffusion-accessible porosity, clay tortuosity and constrictivity, and evaluate the implications for metal diffusion coefficients. Furthermore, we will highlight the importance of solute charge for solute diffusion rates based on results from a calcium-bromide (CaBr2) through-diffusion experiment in Na-montmorillonite. In this experiment, dry, purified Na-montmorillonite (SWy-2, Clay Minerals Society) was packed into a diffusion cell, allowed to equilibrate with the background electrolyte (pH=7, I=0.1 M NaCl), and then exposed to a constant CaBr2 concentration gradient between two solution reservoirs. After reaching steady-state conditions for the diffusive fluxes of Ca and Br, cumulative mass data could be used to compute effective and apparent Ca and Br diffusion coefficients. Furthermore, the diffusion data for an uncharged, non-reactive tracer (tritiated water) allowed us to calculate the clay porosity in the system, and to determine Ca and Br sorption distribution coefficients (Kd values). Our results indicate that Ca diffusion in Na-montmorillonite is slower than for the non-reactive tracer, most likely due to Ca exchange reactions within the clay interlayers. In contrast, rates of Br diffusion are faster than for an uncharged tracer, indicating solute-specific differences in diffusion-accessible porosities and/or effective concentration gradients in pore spaces. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tinnacher, R M AU - Davis, J A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H33L EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689589417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Relevance+of+pore+structure+and+diffusion-accessible+porosity+for+calcium-bromide+diffusion+in+Na-montmorillonite&rft.au=Tinnacher%2C+R+M%3BDavis%2C+J+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tinnacher&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing controls on terrestrial environment functioning across scales using geophysical datasets AN - 1689588194; 2015-056387 AB - Developing an understanding of critical zone dynamics requires consideration of a broad range of processes that occur across disparate space and time scales. In this study, we combine geophysical and point-based measurements to investigate controls on terrestrial environment functioning at two contrasting sites. The first study is underway within the Arctic tundra at the DOE Next Generation Ecosystem experimental site near Barrow, AK. At this site, we are exploring relationships between land surface, active layer, and permafrost properties using remote sensing, surface geophysical (electrical, electromagnetic and ground penetrating radar), wellbore and point measurements. Early results suggest the strong correspondence between the variability of land-surface and subsurface properties relevant to carbon cycling. The second study is underway at the semi-arid, uranium contaminated DOE Rifle CO floodplain site, where we are exploring how seasonal snowmelt influences biogeochemical cycling in the heterogeneous subsurface. At this site, autonomously-collected electrical resistance tomographic data are being used to interpret variations in vadose zone infiltration and groundwater mixing. Although hydrological dynamics are interpreted to impart a significant control on biogeochemical processes at both sites, the complexity of the systems render quantification of the relationships difficult. Our findings suggest that geophysical datasets provide a useful framework for interpreting spatiotemporal variations in hydrological and biogeochemical measurements collected at discrete locations, which can in turn greatly improve the quantification of states and processes that govern system behavior across centimeter to kilometer length scales. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Dafflon, B AU - Wainwright, H M AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Ulrich, C AU - Jansson, J AU - Torn, M S AU - Williams, K H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H41L EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689588194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Characterizing+controls+on+terrestrial+environment+functioning+across+scales+using+geophysical+datasets&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+S+S%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BWainwright%2C+H+M%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BJansson%2C+J%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of atmospheric conditions and the land/atmospheric interface on transport of chemical vapors from subsurface sources AN - 1686059121; 2015-050737 AB - Understanding the movement of chemical vapors and gas through variably saturated soil subjected to atmospheric thermal and mass flux boundary conditions at the land/atmospheric interface is important to many applications, including landmine detection, methane leakage during natural gas production from shale and CO2 leakage from deep geologic storage. New, advanced technologies exist to sense chemical signatures and gas leakage at the land/atmosphere interface, but interpretation of sensor signals remains a challenge. Chemical vapors are subject to numerous interactions while migrating through the soil environment, masking source conditions. The process governing movement of gases through porous media is often assumed to be Fickian diffusion through the air phase with minimal quantification of other processes, such as convective gas flow and temporal or spatial variation in soil moisture. Vapor migration is affected by atmospheric conditions (e.g. humidity, temperature, wind velocity), soil thermal and hydraulic properties and contaminant properties, all of which are physically and thermodynamically coupled. The complex coupling of two drastically different flow regimes in the subsurface and atmosphere is commonly ignored in modeling efforts, or simplifying assumptions are made to treat the systems as de-coupled. Experimental data under controlled laboratory settings are lacking to refine the theory for proper coupling and complex treatment of vapor migration through porous media in conversation with atmospheric flow and climate variations. Improving fundamental understanding and accurate quantification of these processes is not feasible in field settings due to lack of controlled initial and boundary conditions and inability to fully characterize the subsurface at all relevant scales. The goal of this work is to understand the influence of changes in atmospheric conditions to transport of vapors through variably saturated soil. We have developed a tank apparatus with a network of soil and atmospheric sensors and a head space for air flow to simulate the atmospheric boundary layer. Experiments were performed under varying temperature values at the soil surface bounded by the atmospheric boundary layer. The model of Smits et al. [2011], accounting for non-equilibrium phase change and coupled heat, water vapor and liquid water flux through soil, was amended to include organic vapor in the gas phase and migration mechanisms often overlooked in models (thermal and Knudsen diffusion, density driven advection). Experimental results show increased vapor mass flux across the soil/atmospheric interface due to heat applied from the atmosphere and coupling of heat and mass transfer in the shallow subsurface for both steady and diurnal temperature patterns. Comparison of model results to experimental data shows dynamic interactions between transport in porous media and boundary conditions. Results demonstrate the value of considering interactions of the atmosphere and subsurface to better understand chemical gas transport through unsaturated soils and the land/atmospheric interface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rice, A K AU - Smits, K M AU - Cihan, A AU - Howington, S E AU - Illangasekare, T H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H41H EP - 1343 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686059121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Effects+of+atmospheric+conditions+and+the+land%2Fatmospheric+interface+on+transport+of+chemical+vapors+from+subsurface+sources&rft.au=Rice%2C+A+K%3BSmits%2C+K+M%3BCihan%2C+A%3BHowington%2C+S+E%3BIllangasekare%2C+T+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement and evaluation of the relationships between capillary pressure, relative permeability, and saturation for surrogate fluids for laboratory study of geological carbon sequestration AN - 1686056886; 2015-046455 AB - Multiphase flow models can be used to improve our understanding of the complex behavior of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) in deep saline aquifers to make predictions for the stable storage strategies. These models rely on constitutive relationships such as capillary pressure (Pc)-saturation (Sw) and relative permeability (kr)-saturation (Sw) as input parameters. However, for practical application of these models, such relationships for scCO2 and brine system are not readily available for geological formations. This is due to the complicated and expensive traditional methods often used to obtain these relationships in the laboratory through high pressure and/or high-temperature controls. A method that has the potential to overcome the difficulty in conducting such experiments is to replicate scCO2 and brine with surrogate fluids that capture the density and viscosity effects to obtain the constitutive relationships under ambient conditions. This study presents an investigation conducted to evaluate this method. An assessment of the method allows us to evaluate the prediction accuracy of multiphase models using the constitutive relationships developed from this approach. With this as a goal, the study reports multiple laboratory column experiments conducted to measure these relationships. The obtained relationships were then used in the multiphase flow simulator TOUGH2 T2VOC to explore capillary trapping mechanisms of scCO2. A comparison of the model simulation to experimental observation was used to assess the accuracy of the measured constitutive relationships. Experimental data confirmed, as expected, that the scaling method cannot be used to obtain the residual and irreducible saturations. The results also showed that the van Genuchten-Mualem model was not able to match the independently measured kr data obtained from column experiments. Simulated results of fluid saturations were compared with saturation measurements obtained using x-ray attenuations. This comparison demonstrated that the experimentally derived constitutive relationships matched the experimental data more accurately than the simulation using constitutive relationships derived from scaling methods and van Genuchten-Mualem model. However, simulated imbibition fronts did not match well, suggesting the need for further study. In general, the study demonstrated the feasibility of using surrogate fluids to obtain both Pc-Sw and kr-Sw relationships to be used in multiphase models of scCO2 migration and entrapment. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mori, Hiroko AU - Trevisan, L AU - Sakaki, Toshihiro AU - Cihan, A AU - Smits, K M AU - Illangasekare, Tissa H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H23B EP - 1264 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686056886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Measurement+and+evaluation+of+the+relationships+between+capillary+pressure%2C+relative+permeability%2C+and+saturation+for+surrogate+fluids+for+laboratory+study+of+geological+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Mori%2C+Hiroko%3BTrevisan%2C+L%3BSakaki%2C+Toshihiro%3BCihan%2C+A%3BSmits%2C+K+M%3BIllangasekare%2C+Tissa+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mori&rft.aufirst=Hiroko&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling and interpretation of laboratory and field data showing CO (sub 2) -induced groundwater changes AN - 1686056811; 2015-046429 AB - One of the issues related to the risk assessment of CO2 sequestration is the potential impact of leaking CO2 on shallow groundwater quality. Numerous studies have been conducted using laboratory tests, natural analogues, and numerical models to evaluate the changes in groundwater chemistry induced by elevated CO2 concentrations. In this study, a controlled-release field experiment, integrated with laboratory tests and reactive transport modeling, has been conducted to simulate the release and impacts of CO2 at a geologic storage site. The field test involved a dipole system--the groundwater was pumped from one well, saturated with CO2 at the pressure corresponding to the average hydraulic pressure of the test formation, and then re-injected into the same formation using a second well. Groundwater quality data were collected in four monitoring wells. At the same time, a series of lab-scale sequential leaching experiments were carried out with sediments from the field site to investigate the effects of the pH decrease and increased dissolved carbonate concentrations resulting from CO2 influx into groundwater. The lab tests showed similar metal release concentrations from sediments exposed to synthetic groundwater solutions saturated with CO2 at aquifer pressures and non-pressurized solutions at pH 5, indicating that the pH drop was the trigger for much of the initial metal release. Field concentration data revealed that a pH drop of approximately 3 units led to a rapid pulse-like release of dissolved cations during injection followed by slowly-rising cation concentrations almost immediately after the pumping and injection period. This phenomenon can be explained by a conceptual model that considers two metal source terms: (a) a fast-reacting but limited pool of reactive minerals that respond quickly to changes in pH, i.e. the dissolution of a limited amount of calcite and the subsequent Ca-driven cation exchange, which leads to the pulse-like initial response, and (b) a slow-reacting but essentially unlimited mineral pool (dissolution of plagioclase and the accompanied cation exchange reactions) to yield rising concentrations upon decreased groundwater velocities after pumping and injection stopped. The release trends of alkali and alkaline earth metals observed in the lab-scale sequential leaching tests are generally comparable with those observed in the field, and can be successfully interpreted with the same model concept. However, faster reaction rates for key minerals are required to match lab data (likely caused by different mixing conditions in laboratory tests). According to our knowledge, this is the only field test of this kind that demonstrates rising metal concentrations after the pumping and injection period. This suggests that the dissolution of slowly-reacting minerals and the ambient groundwater flow rate are two important parameters to be considered when evaluating potential impacts of CO2 leakage on groundwater quality. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zheng, L AU - Tinnacher, R M AU - Varadharajan, Charuleka AU - Spycher, N AU - Bianchi, M AU - Nico, P S AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Trautz, R C AU - Pugh, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H23B EP - 1238 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686056811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modeling+and+interpretation+of+laboratory+and+field+data+showing+CO+%28sub+2%29+-induced+groundwater+changes&rft.au=Zheng%2C+L%3BTinnacher%2C+R+M%3BVaradharajan%2C+Charuleka%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BBianchi%2C+M%3BNico%2C+P+S%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BTrautz%2C+R+C%3BPugh%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A fundamental study of convective mixing of CO (sub 2) in layered heterogeneous saline aquifers with low permeability zones using surrogate fluids and numerical modeling AN - 1686055561; 2015-046444 AB - Dissolution trapping is one of the primary mechanisms contributing to long-term and stable storage of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) in deep saline geologic formations. When entrapped scCO2 dissolves in formation brine, density-driven convective fingers are expected to be generated due to the higher density of the solution compared to brine. These fingers enhance mixing of dissolved scCO2 in brine (Ennis-King & Paterson, 2003). The goal of this study is to evaluate the contribution of convective mixing to dissolution trapping of CO2 in naturally layered heterogeneous formations with low permeability zones via experimental and numerical analyses. To understand the fundamental process of dissolution trapping in the laboratory under ambient pressure and temperature conditions, a group of surrogate fluids were selected according to their density and viscosity values before and after dissolution. Fluids were tested in a variety of porous media systems. After selection of the appropriate fluid mixture based on the closest behavior to scCO2 brine systems, a set of experiments in a small homogeneously packed test tank was performed to analyze the fingering behaviors. A second set of experiments was conducted in the same test tank with layered soil systems to study the effects of formation heterogeneity on convective mixing. A finite volume method based numerical code was developed to capture the dominant processes observed in the experiments. This model was then used to simulate more complex heterogeneous systems that were not represented in the limited set of experiments. Results of these analyses suggest that convective fingers developed in homogeneous formations may not be significantly contributing to mixing and hence dissolution trapping in heterogeneous formations depending on the permeability contrasts and thickness of the low permeability layers. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Agartan, E AU - Illangasekare, Tissa H AU - Cihan, A AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Zhou, Q AU - Trevisan, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H23B EP - 1253 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686055561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+fundamental+study+of+convective+mixing+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+in+layered+heterogeneous+saline+aquifers+with+low+permeability+zones+using+surrogate+fluids+and+numerical+modeling&rft.au=Agartan%2C+E%3BIllangasekare%2C+Tissa+H%3BCihan%2C+A%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BZhou%2C+Q%3BTrevisan%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Agartan&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - InSAR measurements and numerical models of deformation at Brady Hot Springs geothermal field (Nevada), 1995-2012 AN - 1680756024; 2015-043108 AB - We study deformation due to changes in fluid pressure caused by pumping during production, injection, and stimulation at the Brady Hot Springs geothermal field in the Basin and Range province in Nevada. To measure the deformation, we analyze Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data acquired by the ERS-1, ERS-2, Envisat, and TerraSAR-X satellites between 1995 and 2013. The InSAR results indicate subsidence at the order of several centimeters per year over an elliptically shaped area roughly approximately 5 km long by approximately 2 km wide. Its long axis follows the NNE strike of the predominant normal fault system. The subsiding area is centered near a prominent bend in the fault system where the successful production wells are located. Within this broad bowl of subsidence, the interference pattern shows several smaller features with length scales of the order of approximately 1 km. To explain the deformation signal, we use poroelastic models constrained by borehole measurements of pressure, temperature and mass flux, as well as geologic observations. We solve the coupled deformation-diffusion problem using the finite element method. To estimate parameters in the model, e.g., permeability, we use the General Inversion for Phase Technique -- GIPhT [Feigl and Thurber, 2009; Ali and Feigl, 2012] that utilizes the gradient of range change and avoids the need for unwrapping the observed wrapped phase. We then solve the non-linear inverse problem using a gradient-based inversion scheme. Our results suggest that a complex network of high permeability conduits associated with intersections between fault segments and bends in fault segments explains the smaller length-scale features observed in the interferograms. Such structurally controlled, high permeability conduits are consistent with relatively recent fault slip evidenced by scarps in late Pleistocene Lake Lahontan sediments and spatially associated surface hydrothermal features that predate production at Brady. In contrast, Desert Peak, a "blind" geothermal field, located less than 7 km away from Brady, shows little or no deformation in the InSAR data set, although the two fields are otherwise similar in spatial extent, structural setting, and geothermal production. Desert Peak exhibits neither hydrothermal features nor any evidence of surficial fault slip, however, suggesting that the "plumbing" associated with the fault system there is deeper at than at Brady. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ali, S T AU - Davatzes, N C AU - Mellors, R J AU - Foxall, William AU - Drakos, P S AU - Zemach, E AU - Kreemer, C AU - Wang, H F AU - Feigl, K L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract G33D EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680756024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=InSAR+measurements+and+numerical+models+of+deformation+at+Brady+Hot+Springs+geothermal+field+%28Nevada%29%2C+1995-2012&rft.au=Ali%2C+S+T%3BDavatzes%2C+N+C%3BMellors%2C+R+J%3BFoxall%2C+William%3BDrakos%2C+P+S%3BZemach%2C+E%3BKreemer%2C+C%3BWang%2C+H+F%3BFeigl%2C+K+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing risk due to injection-induced seismicity prior to operation AN - 1680755796; 2015-043282 AB - Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) has been used successfully over a number of years to evaluate the risk due to natural seismic hazards. However, there are key differences between anthropogenic seismicity due to injection (induced seismicity, IS) and natural seismicity that limit the usefulness of such an approach directly. Furthermore, because this approach must be generally suitable prior to injection, it can be assumed that there will be little to no natural, site-specific seismicity record. Here we address two significant deviations from traditional PSHA, the non-Poissonian nature of induced seismicity and the form of the frequency-magnitude relation for long-term, site-specific seismicity, through the use of a physics-based, numerical approach to estimating earthquake frequency-magnitude distributions. Induced earthquake sequences are generated using RSQSIM (Dieterich and Richards-Dinger, PAGEOPH, 2010) augmented to include effective stress effects on the shear failure behavior of faults and fractures embedded in a 3D geological structure under steady-state tectonic shear loading. The spatially and temporally evolving pore pressure distribution is provided as a boundary condition and calculated via a multi-phase flow simulation in NUFT (Nitao, 2001). Hazard and risk are assessed via an adaptation of SIMRISK (Savy Risk Consultants), amended to consider frequency-magnitude relations that may deviate from a truncated exponential form. In addition to potentially damaging ground motions, induced seismicity poses a risk of perceived nuisance in nearby communities caused by small felt earthquakes, which occur relatively frequently. Including these shallow local earthquakes in the hazard analysis requires extending the magnitude range considered to as low as M2 and the frequency band to include the short-duration pulses that typically characterize these events. To calculate the hazard, one-dimensional empirical ground motion prediction equations (eGMPE) are currently used; however, these are poorly constrained at the short distances and smaller magnitudes needed to estimate both nuisance and damage risks from nearby earthquakes. We will describe how we are addressing this issue by calculating site-specific ground motions that use synthetic Green's functions derived from the local shallow velocity and attenuation structures for lower frequencies and a stochastic method or available empirical Greens functions for higher frequencies. Finally, we will demonstrate this approach through an application to a CO2 sequestration site and discuss how such an approach fits into a broader risk assessment methodology supported by the National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) for addressing CO2 sequestration site evaluations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Johnson, S AU - Foxall, William AU - Hutchings, L J AU - Savy, Jean B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H11M EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680755796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Assessing+risk+due+to+injection-induced+seismicity+prior+to+operation&rft.au=Johnson%2C+S%3BFoxall%2C+William%3BHutchings%2C+L+J%3BSavy%2C+Jean+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A framework for coupled inversion of large-scale seismic and electromagnetic data; application to subsalt imaging AN - 1680752747; 2015-040951 AB - Offshore seismic and electromagnetic (EM) inversions often complement each other and play important roles in crustal studies and resource exploration. Since three-dimensional (3D) data acquisition methods are now routinely employed for reliable seismic and EM interpretation, resulting imaging and data volumes are enormous. Thus, the seismic and EM inversions typically require determining up to tens of millions of parameters to describe the 3D distribution of complex seabed geology and relevant geophysical attributes (e.g. velocity and electrical conductivity). For such large-scale inverse problems, descent-based methods are the only computationally viable choice for now. When the methods are employed, it is often challenging to manage the convergence of standalone inversion experiments. When a joint seismic-EM inversion is implemented to determine more consistent and reliable seabed models, convergence problems with the descent-based methods can be further aggravated, often making the joint inversion impractical. Moreover, resolution mismatches between seismic and EM methods pose another fundamental difficulties for their joint inversion. To overcome the two major hurdles of the joint seismic-EM inversion, we introduce a practical framework for coupled inversion of large-scale seismic and EM data and demonstrate its application to a set of full-wave-seismic, magnetotelluric (MT) and controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) data for subsalt imaging. In our framework, resolution mismatches between the seismic and EM methods are resolved by implementing the seismic inversion in the Laplace domain, where the acoustic wave equation is transformed into a diffusion equation. Thus, its resolution becomes comparable to that of EM imaging. To mitigate the convergence problems, the full joint seismic-EM inverse problem is split into manageable components: seismic, EM, and an intermediate step that enforces structural coupling through a cross-gradient-only inversion and resistivity-velocity cross plots. In this framework, standalone seismic and MT inversion are first performed. The cross-gradient-only inversion and the cross plots are then used to precondition the resistivity and velocity models for subsequent standalone inversions. By repeating the sequence of the standalone seismic, MT, and cross-gradient-only inversions along with the cross plots, we introduce the seismic structural information into the resistivity model, and vice versa, significantly improving the salt geometry in both resistivity and velocity images. We show that the improved salt geometry can then be used to precondition a starting model for CSEM inversions, yielding significant improvement in the resistivity images of reservoirs (e.g. hydrocarbon, gas, sequestrated CO2 etc.) adjacent to the salt. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Um, Evan S AU - Commer, M AU - Newman, G A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract GP51C EP - 1089 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680752747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+framework+for+coupled+inversion+of+large-scale+seismic+and+electromagnetic+data%3B+application+to+subsalt+imaging&rft.au=Um%2C+Evan+S%3BCommer%2C+M%3BNewman%2C+G+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phase transitions and Al partitioning in a pyrolitic MgO-Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) -SiO (sub 2) composition at 16-31 GPa and 1500-2300 K AN - 1680752656; 2015-040638 AB - In order to understand strong seismic heterogeneities found in the base of the mantle transition zone, it is important to explore the effects of temperature and composition on the phase boundaries in the region. We have determined the phase boundaries near the 660-km discontinuity in an iron-free pyrolitic MgO-Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) -SiO (sub 2) (MAS) composition by combining in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and laser-heated diamond-anvil cell at 16-31 GPa and 1500-2300 K. The pyrolitic MAS composition glass starting materials were mixed with platinum (laser coupler and internal pressure scale) and loaded into the diamond-anvil cells together with argon (pressure transmitting medium and thermal insulator). The in-situ measurements were conducted at the GSECARS sector of Advanced Photon Source and beamline 12.2.2 of Advanced Light Source. We found that the post-spinel transition (ringwoodite to perovskite+periclase) occurs at the pressure and temperature conditions expected for the 660-km discontinuity at 1800 K if the shockwave platinum pressure scale by Holmes et al. (1989) is used. At temperatures above 1900 K, ringwoodite breaks down to garnet+periclase, instead of perovskite+periclase, followed by the post-garnet transition (garnet to perovskite) at the pressure-temperature conditions expected for warm heterogeneities at 650-680 km depths (23-24 GPa and 1900-2300 K). The Clapeyron slopes of the post-spinel and post-garnet boundaries are constrained to be -2.8+ or -0.2 and +2.4+ or -0.3 MPa/K, respectively, indicating similar magnitude of thermal effects (with opposite signs) on the topography of the 660-km discontinuity by these phase boundaries. The dominance of the post-garnet transition above normal mantle temperatures will facilitate material exchange across the 660 discontinuity in warm mantle heterogeneities due to its positive Clapeyron slope. In our pyrolitic MAS composition, akimotoite was observed up to 2000-2300 K between 20 and 22 GPa in both fresh sample heating and reversal measurements, and the post-ilmenite transition (akimotoite to perovskite) occurs at 1-2 GPa higher pressures than the post-spinel transition below 1800 K, significantly different from phase behaviors found in iron-bearing systems. Molar volumes of the temperature quenched samples indicate that Al strongly partitions into akimotoite (akimotoite can contain even greater amount of Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) than coexisting garnet and perovskite). The strong partitioning of Al into akimotoite in iron-free system may be responsible for the observed stability of akimotoite to higher pressures and temperatures, suggesting variations in iron content can produce mineralogical heterogeneities through control of relative stability of akimotoite and garnet. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ye, Y AU - Gu, C AU - Shim, S AU - Prakapenka, V AU - MacDowell, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract DI14A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680752656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Phase+transitions+and+Al+partitioning+in+a+pyrolitic+MgO-Al+%28sub+2%29+O+%28sub+3%29+-SiO+%28sub+2%29+composition+at+16-31+GPa+and+1500-2300+K&rft.au=Ye%2C+Y%3BGu%2C+C%3BShim%2C+S%3BPrakapenka%2C+V%3BMacDowell%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultrasonic measurements of unconsolidated saline sediments during freeze/thaw cycles; the seismic properties of cryopeg environments AN - 1680752514; 2015-040577 AB - Saline permafrost and cryopegs (hypersaline unfrozen layers/zones within permafrost) are widespread in the Arctic coastal area as a result of marine transgression and regression in recent geological history. Owing to the freezing-point depression effect of soluble salts, they contain more unfrozen water than non-saline frozen sediments when subjected to the same permafrost temperatures (e.g., from 0 to -15 degrees C). Mapping subsurface cryopeg structure remains a challenging geophysical task due to the poor penetration of GPR in highly conductive fluids and related limitations for lower frequency EM techniques. Seismic profiling, particularly surface wave characterization, provides one possible approach to delineate the extent of cryopeg bodies. However, interpretation of such surveys is currently limited by the sparse database of measurements examining the seismic properties of unconsolidated materials saturated with saline fluids at sub-zero temperatures. We present the results of experiments examining seismic velocity in the ultrasonic range for both synthetic and natural permafrost sediments during freeze/thaw cycles; in these experiments, use of a range of brine salinities allows us to evaluate the properties of cryopeg sediments at in-situ conditions, a prerequisite for quantitative interpretation of seismic imaging results. Because of the abundant unfrozen water and less developed inter-granular ice structure, the seismic properties of saline permafrost typically falls between frozen and unfrozen soils. We conducted ultrasonic measurements of a freeze-thaw cycle on 20-30 Ottawa sand (grain size 590-840 mu m) as well as natural mineral soils from the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) saturated with brines of different salinities (0-2.5 M NaCl). For each salinity, seismic properties were measured using the ultrasonic ( approximately 1 MHz) pulse-transmission method in the temperature range from 20 to -30 degrees C. Similar to sediments saturated with low salinity fluids, seismic velocities increase significantly upon freezing in brine-saturated samples due to the formation of ice. However, substantial differences were observed: First, the onset of the velocity increase occurred at temperatures significantly below 0 degrees C (e.g., as low as -11.8 degrees C for 2.5 M pore-water salinity); Second, instead of having a stepwise velocity increase (temperature derivative of velocity on the order of 1000 m/s/ degrees C) in the immediate neighborhood of the freezing-point as in non-saline samples, velocities in saline samples exhibit a gradual increase (dv/dT as low as approximately 70 m/s/ degrees C) in temperatures between the freezing-point and the eutectic-point ( approximately -25 degrees C) of NaCl solutions. Unusual increases in attenuation were also observed in the vicinity of freezing. Our results indicate that saline permafrost and cryopegs have distinct seismic properties when compared with their non-saline counterparts under the same thermal conditions. Moreover, the very low seismic velocities observed in this laboratory study are consistent with the low-velocity zones at Barrow, Alaska that were previously found through field-scale geophysical investigations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dou, S AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract C53C EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680752514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ultrasonic+measurements+of+unconsolidated+saline+sediments+during+freeze%2Fthaw+cycles%3B+the+seismic+properties+of+cryopeg+environments&rft.au=Dou%2C+S%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dou&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synchrotron X-ray imaging of nanomagnetism in meteoritic metal AN - 1680750372; 2015-040913 AB - It is becoming increasingly apparent that a wealth of paleomagnetic information is stored at the nanoscale within natural samples. To date, this nanopaleomagetism has been investigated using high resolution magnetic microscopies, such as electron holography. Although unparalleled in its spatial resolution, electron holography produces images that are indirectly related to the magnetisation state of the sample, introducing ambiguity when interpreting magnetisation information. Holography also requires extensive off-line processing, making it unsuitable for studying dynamic processes, and the sample preparation negates the study of natural remanences. Here we demonstrate the capabilities of a new generation of nanomagnetic imaging methods using synchrotron X-ray radiation. X-rays tuned to an elemental absorption edge can display differing excitation probabilities depending on the orientation of an electron's magnetic moment relative to that of the X-ray beam. This is achieved by introducing an angular momentum to the photon through circular polarisation, resulting in an absorption signal that is proportional to the projection of the magnetic moment on to the X-ray beam direction. We introduce and compare two experimental set-ups capable of spatially resolving these signals to form a high-resolution magnetisation map: photoemission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Both techniques provide measurements of magnetisation with 30-50 nm resolution and elemental specificity. Photoemission electron microscopy can be used also to create maps of all three of the spatial components of magnetisation and investigate dynamic magnetic switching processes. The full capabilities of X-ray imaging are demonstrated through the application of both of these techniques to meteoritic metal. We show that the 'cloudy zone' within iron meteorites contains nanoscale islands of tetrataenite (FeNi) that are populated equally by all three possible magnetic easy axes, suggesting that there were no stray fields (either magnetic or stress) effecting the magnetisation during cloudy zone formation. This observation allows for dynamo field information to be extracted from X-ray nanomagnetic images of the cloudy zone in metallic inclusions within certain chondritic meteorites, as it implies that any deviation from the randomly populated easy axis distribution can be assigned to an external dynamo field. As the cloudy zone forms over 10-100 Ma, this observation suggests that X-ray imaging of the nanopaleomagentism in these meteorites could provide an elegant and concise relative measure of asteroid dynamo field direction and strength over this entire time period, revolutionising our understanding of dynamo processes and planetary formation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bryson, J F AU - Herrero Albillos, Julia AU - Kronast, Florian AU - Tyliszczak, T AU - Redfern, S A AU - van der Laan, Gerrit AU - Harrison, R J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract GP43B EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680750372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Synchrotron+X-ray+imaging+of+nanomagnetism+in+meteoritic+metal&rft.au=Bryson%2C+J+F%3BHerrero+Albillos%2C+Julia%3BKronast%2C+Florian%3BTyliszczak%2C+T%3BRedfern%2C+S+A%3Bvan+der+Laan%2C+Gerrit%3BHarrison%2C+R+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bryson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial and spectral characterization, mapping, and 3D reconstructing of ice-wedge polygons using high resolution LiDAR data AN - 1668228639; 2015-027498 AB - In landscapes with ice-wedge polygons, fine-scale land surface characterization is critically important because the processes that govern the carbon cycle and hydrological dynamics are controlled by features on the order of a few to tens of meters. To characterize the fine-scale features in polygonal ground in Barrow, Alaska, we use high-resolution LiDAR-derived topographic data (such as elevation, slope, curvature, and a novel "directed distance (DD)" to develop quantitative metrics that allow for the discretization and characterization of polygons (formed by seasonal freeze and thaw processes). First, we used high resolution (0.25 m) LiDAR to show that the high and low centered polygon features exhibit a unique signature in the Fourier power spectrum where the landscape signature on freeze and thaw process ( approximately 5 to 100 m) is super imposed on the coarse scale fluvial eroded landscape (rudimentary river network) signature. We next convolve LiDAR elevations with multiscale wavelets and objectively choose appropriate scales to map interconnected troughs of high- and low-centered polygons. For the ice wedges where LiDAR surface expressions (troughs) are not well developed, we used a Delaunay triangulation to connect the ice-wedge network and map the topologically connected polygons. This analysis allows us to explore the 3D morphometry of these high- and low-centered polygons and develop a supervised set of ensemble characteristic templates for each polygon type as a function of directed distance (DD). These templates are used to classify the ice-wedge polygon landscape into low-centered polygons with limited troughs, and high- and low-centered polygons with well-developed trough network. We further extend the characteristic templates to polygon ensemble slopes and curvatures as a function of DD and develop a classification scheme for microtopographic features including troughs, rims, elevated ridges, and centers for both high-centered and low-centered polygon. Finally, we show that the developed topographic template curves can be used to synthetically generate 3D model domain polygonal discretizations and characterizations and to predict ice wedge degradation levels--all using commonly available high resolution remotely sensed data where high-resolution LiDAR data is unavailable. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gangodagamage, C AU - Rowland, J C AU - Skurikhin, A N AU - Wilson, C J AU - Brumby, S P AU - Painter, S L AU - Gable, C W AU - Bui, Q AU - Short, L S AU - Liljedahl, A AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Wainwright, H M AU - Dafflon, B AU - Tweedie, C E AU - Kumar, J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B51H EP - 0402 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668228639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+spectral+characterization%2C+mapping%2C+and+3D+reconstructing+of+ice-wedge+polygons+using+high+resolution+LiDAR+data&rft.au=Gangodagamage%2C+C%3BRowland%2C+J+C%3BSkurikhin%2C+A+N%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BBrumby%2C+S+P%3BPainter%2C+S+L%3BGable%2C+C+W%3BBui%2C+Q%3BShort%2C+L+S%3BLiljedahl%2C+A%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BWainwright%2C+H+M%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BTweedie%2C+C+E%3BKumar%2C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gangodagamage&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing on groundwater; investigations of coupled flow, geomechanics and contaminant transport AN - 1664436805; 2015-025224 AB - Hydrocarbon production from tight reservoirs has recently experienced explosive growth. Gas production from shale and tight-sand deposits has proven remarkably successful in increasing substantially both gas production and reserves estimates in the U.S. The universal feature of all tight reservoirs is the need for stimulation: the matrix permeability is extremely low (often at the nano-Darcy level) and, even with the presence of natural fractures, it cannot support flow at commercially viable rates without permeability enhancement. Conventional stimulation techniques are usually variants of hydraulic fracturing, in which the near-incompressibility of injected liquids is exploited to deliver a shock that induces rock fracturing. The increased gas production resulting from hydraulic fracturing has been accompanied by controversy and environmental concerns. These stem from the possibility of creating fast permeability pathways between the shale and shallower formations, through which escaping hydrocarbons and other reservoir fluids could ascend and contaminate potable groundwater resources. Here we focus on two possible failure scenarios that can create pathways for upward migration of hydrocarbons and other contaminants: (a) the activation of sealed/dormant fractures and faults by the hydraulic fracturing operations, and (b) inadequate stimulation design, leading to fractures extending from the shale through the overburden to shallower groundwater resources. The study involves two components. In the first component, we use the coupled TOUGH+RealGasH2O and ROCMECH or FLAC3D codes to investigate the possibility of geomechanical failure, and the conditions under which this can occur. In the second component, we use the TOUGH+RealGasH2O code to investigate the flow and transport of gas from the shale to the aquifer through a plausible pathway regardless of the possibility, probability of likelihood of the corresponding geomechanical failure scenario. In Case (a), we show that, even after covering the spectrum of possible geomechanical parameter values, the possibility of fault activation is remote. In Case (b), we investigate various configurations of the system, and we conduct an extensive sensitivity analysis to determine its sensitivity to important geomechanical and hydraulic parameters and conditions, which determine its response to the hydraulic fracturing operations and the expected gas transport behavior through the fast pathways. These parameters and conditions include the physical separation of the shale from the aquifer, the porosity, permeability and wettability regimes of the matrix and of the matrix, the initial phase distributions, the relative pressure regime between the wells in the shale and the aquifer, the geomechanical strength of all the formations between the two end formations, the initial stress distributions and orientation, etc. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Moridis, G J AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Kim, J AU - Reagan, M T AU - Freeman, C M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract A54H EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664436805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Potential+environmental+impact+of+hydraulic+fracturing+on+groundwater%3B+investigations+of+coupled+flow%2C+geomechanics+and+contaminant+transport&rft.au=Moridis%2C+G+J%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BKim%2C+J%3BReagan%2C+M+T%3BFreeman%2C+C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental development of low-frequency shear modulus measurements during flow-through CO2 induced dissolution AN - 1664434746; 2015-023170 AB - Time-lapse seismic monitoring is currently the primary technique available for tracking sequestered CO2 in a geologic storage reservoir away from monitoring wells. However, most work to date, in both the field and laboratory, has focused on seismic imaging of the super-critical (sc)CO2 plume as it displaces brine; rather than later phases of storage including CO2 dissolution and geochemical interactions with the rock matrix. Since GCS monitoring requires an understanding of CO2 state from injection to final storage form, investigation of the signature of later phases of interaction is useful when constraining storage security as well as evaluating reactive transport predictions. Particularly in the case of CO2-induced matrix dissolution processes, the scarcity of existing laboratory seismic datasets makes quantitative interpretation of acquired field monitoring datasets problematic. The small experimental database is also limited by the lack of low-frequency datasets, a relevant requirement since modulus changes induced by dissolution may have a strong frequency dependence due to changes in micro-crack morphology. Previous work (e.g. Vialle and Vanorio, 2011) has shown that chemical dissolution at grain contacts significantly impacts the elastic properties of reservoir rocks and creates a potentially measurable seismic signature for CO2-induced dissolution in carbonates. Since grain contacts are a key micro feature in determining the stiffness of the rock matrix, the initial dissolution appears to cause the largest change in modulus. We hypothesize that flow structures that allow the largest volume of rock to experience this initial dissolution will have the greatest softening. In this study, we present a new experimental approach for measuring changes in the low frequency seismic response during CO2-induced dissolution. Using a novel laboratory instrument (Wanamaker and Bonner, 1991) adapted with a flow-through apparatus, we measure changes in low-frequency (1-100 Hz) shear modulus and attenuation while CO2 saturated water dissolves a carbonate sample. An equivalent flow experiment was conducted utilizing x-ray micro tomography (Beamline 8.3.2, Advanced Light Source, LBNL) to image the evolution of grain morphology and geometry under similar injection conditions. These methods and results will be incorporated into analysis of planned field scale seismic monitoring experiments with the eventual goal of refining reactive transport models at GCS sites through dynamic seismic imaging of zones with measurable matrix dissolution. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Saltiel, S AU - Bonner, B P AU - Voltolini, M AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S33C EP - 2437 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664434746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Experimental+development+of+low-frequency+shear+modulus+measurements+during+flow-through+CO2+induced+dissolution&rft.au=Saltiel%2C+S%3BBonner%2C+B+P%3BVoltolini%2C+M%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Saltiel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory seismic monitoring and X-ray CT imaging of supercritical CO (sub 2) injection in reservoir sand; WESTCAB King Island Project AN - 1664434561; 2015-023167 AB - The Central Valley of California contains promising locations for on-shore geologic CO2 storage. DOE's WESTCARB (West Coast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership) project drilled and cored a borehole (Citizen Green Well) at King Island (near Stockton, CA) to study the CO2 storage capability of saline and gas-bearing formations in the southwestern Sacramento Basin. Potential reservoirs encountered in the borehole include Domengine, Mokelumne River (primary target), and Top Starkey formations. In anticipation of geophysical monitoring of possible CO2 injection into this particular borehole and of the long-term migration of the CO2, we conducted small-scale CO2 injection experiments on three core samples retrieved from the well (Mokelumne River sand A and B) and from a mine outcrop (Domengine sandstone). During the experiment, a jacketed core sample (diameter 1.5 inches, length 4.0-6.0 inches) saturated with brine- (1% NaCl aq.) was confined within a pressure vessel via compressed nitrogen to 3,500-4,000psi, and supercritical CO2 was injected into the core at 2,000-2,500psi and 45-60 degrees C. The CO2 pressure and temperature were adjusted so that the bulk elastic modulus of the CO2 was close to the expected in-situ modulus--which affects the seismic properties most--while keeping the confining stress within our experimental capabilities. After the CO2 broke through the core, fresh brine was re-injected to remove the CO2 by both displacement and dissolution. Throughout the experiment, seismic velocity and attenuation of the core sample were measured using the Split Hopkinson Resonant Bar Method (Nakagawa, 2012, Rev. Sci. Instr.) at near 1 kHz (500Hz--1.5 kHz), and the CO2 distribution determined via x-ray CT imaging. In contrast to relatively isotropic Mokelumne sand A, Domengine sandstone and Mokelumne sand B cores exhibited CO2 distributions strongly controlled by the bedding planes. During the CO2 injection, P-wave velocity and attenuation of the layered samples changed irregularly, roughly corresponding to the sequential invasion of the compliant fluid in the sedimentary layers revealed by the CT images. The overall behavior the seismic waves and the final CO2 saturation of the cores, however, were similar for all three cores used in this experiment. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Nakashima, S AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Nakagawa, S AU - Harper, E J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S33C EP - 2434 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664434561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Laboratory+seismic+monitoring+and+X-ray+CT+imaging+of+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+in+reservoir+sand%3B+WESTCAB+King+Island+Project&rft.au=Nakashima%2C+S%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BNakagawa%2C+S%3BHarper%2C+E+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nakashima&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary experimental examination of controls on methane expulsion during melting of natural gas hydrate systems AN - 1664434518; 2015-023048 AB - Global climate change will cause warming of the oceans and land. This will affect the occurrence, behavior, and location of subseafloor and subterranean methane hydrate deposits. We suggest that in many natural systems local salinity, elevated by hydrate formation or freshened by hydrate dissociation, may control gas transport through the hydrate stability zone. We are performing experiments and modeling the experiments to explore this behavior for different warming scenarios. Initially, we are exploring hydrate association/dissociation in saline systems with constant water mass. We compare experiments run with saline (3.5 wt. %) water vs. distilled water in a sand mixture at an initial water saturation of approximately 0.5. We increase the pore fluid (methane) pressure to 1050 psig. We then stepwise cool the sample into the hydrate stability field ( approximately 3 degrees C), allowing methane gas to enter as hydrate forms. We measure resistivity and the mass of methane consumed. We are currently running these experiments and we predict our results from equilibrium thermodynamics. In the fresh water case, the modeled final hydrate saturation is 63% and all water is consumed. In the saline case, the modeled final hydrate saturation is 47%, the salinity is 12.4 wt. %, and final water saturation is 13%. The fresh water system is water-limited: all the water is converted to hydrate. In the saline system, pore water salinity is elevated and salt is excluded from the hydrate structure during hydrate formation until the salinity drives the system to three phase equilibrium (liquid, gas, hydrate) and no further hydrate forms. In our laboratory we can impose temperature gradients within the column, and we will use this to investigate equilibrium conditions in large samples subjected to temperature gradients and changing temperature. In these tests, we will quantify the hydrate saturation and salinity over our meter-long sample using spatially distributed temperature sensors, spatially distributed resistivity probes, compressional wave velocities, and X-ray computed tomography scanning. Modeling of hydrate formation and dissociation for these conditions indicates that the transport of bulk fluid phases (gas and water) plays a crucial role in the overall behavior, and we will explore open-system boundary conditions in the experiments to test this prediction. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Flemings, P B AU - Bryant, S L AU - You, K AU - Polito, P J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract C33A EP - 0700 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664434518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Preliminary+experimental+examination+of+controls+on+methane+expulsion+during+melting+of+natural+gas+hydrate+systems&rft.au=Kneafsey%2C+T+J%3BFlemings%2C+P+B%3BBryant%2C+S+L%3BYou%2C+K%3BPolito%2C+P+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kneafsey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing natural attenuation potential at a uranium (U) in situ recovery site (Rosita, TX, USA) using multiple redox-sensitive isotope systems AN - 1664434431; 2015-023221 AB - The In Situ Recovery (ISR) U mining operation at Rosita, TX, USA, involved oxidative dissolution of U from roll front U deposits. This process mobilized U along with other characteristic elements (e.g., Se) from the roll fronts in their soluble and toxic oxidized forms (e.g., U(VI), Se(VI)). The dissolved U(VI) in groundwater poses significant ecological risk due to its chemical toxicity and must be restored below the existing regulatory limit to minimize the environmental impact of ISR mining. However, the undisturbed sediments downgradient to the roll front deposits are expected to remain reduced. Naturally occurring Fe-minerals (e.g., FeS, siderite, magnetite) and microorganisms in the sediments downgradient to ISR activity can reduce dissolved U(VI) to less toxic and insoluble U(IV) and promote natural attenuation. The reduction of oxyanions of U or Se induces measurable isotopic fractionation that can be used to monitor the natural attenuation by downgradient sediments. Here, we used multiple redox-sensitive isotope systems (U, Se, and S) to detect reducing conditions and natural attenuation of U(VI) at the ISR site. We collected groundwater samples from 26 wells located in the ore body, upgradient and downgradient to the ore body. The delta (super 238) U values measured in groundwater samples from 23 wells range from 0.48 ppm to -1.66 ppm (+ or -0.12 ppm). A preliminary investigation of 6 groundwater samples shows a variation of delta (super 82) Se values from -1.44 ppm to 5.24 ppm (+ or -0.15 ppm). The delta (super 34) SO (sub 4) measurements in groundwater vary from 11.8 ppm to -19.9 ppm. The reduction of Se(VI) and SO (sub 4) (super 2-) fractionates the lighter isotopes (i.e., (super 32) S and (super 76) Se) in the reduced product phase rendering the remaining reactants in the groundwater enriched in heavier isotopes. Therefore, the high delta (super 82) Se and delta (super 34) SO (sub 4) values may suggest reduction of Se(VI) and SO (sub 4) (super 2-) , respectively. The highest delta (super 238) U values are observed in the wells located in the ore body or upgradient to the ore body whereas the downgradient wells show significantly lower delta (super 238) U values. High delta (super 238) U values in most of the wells located in the ore-zone may be attributed to the dissolution of the U ore enriched in (super 238) U. The low delta (super 238) U values are generally observed in the wells with low U(VI) concentrations. Since U(VI) reduction fractionates (super 238) U to the solid U(IV) phase, the depletion of (super 238) U in the groundwater samples in the downgradient monitoring wells suggest U(VI) reduction by the downgradient sediments. The delta (super 238) U values in the groundwater samples conform to a Rayleigh distillation model with an isotopic fractionation factor alpha = 1.00013 + or - 0.00010. Future investigations include characterization of the U ore bearing sediments collected from boreholes in the ore body and downgradient of the ore body, measurement of the delta (super 238) U and delta (super 82) Se values in the ore and in remaining groundwater samples. The U(VI) reducing capacity and concomitant U isotopic fractionation factors for the sediments from downgradient boreholes will be determined from the batch incubation experiments and flow through column experiments. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Basu, Anirban AU - Brown, S T AU - Christensen, J N AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Reimus, P W AU - Heikoop, J M AU - Simmons, A M AU - House, B AU - Schilling, K AU - Johnson, T M AU - Pelizza, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V54A EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664434431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Assessing+natural+attenuation+potential+at+a+uranium+%28U%29+in+situ+recovery+site+%28Rosita%2C+TX%2C+USA%29+using+multiple+redox-sensitive+isotope+systems&rft.au=Basu%2C+Anirban%3BBrown%2C+S+T%3BChristensen%2C+J+N%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BReimus%2C+P+W%3BHeikoop%2C+J+M%3BSimmons%2C+A+M%3BHouse%2C+B%3BSchilling%2C+K%3BJohnson%2C+T+M%3BPelizza%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Basu&rft.aufirst=Anirban&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of time-lapse offset VSP for monitoring of CO2 storage at Cranfield, Mississippi AN - 1664433209; 2015-023172 AB - A time-lapse OVSP data set was acquired as part of a subsurface monitoring program for geologic sequestration of CO2. The data analysis was hampered by acquisition problems that limited the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). Time-lapse processing generated difference corridor stacks to investigate CO2 induced reflection amplitude changes from each source point. Calculation of time-lapse repeatability, using multiple methods, indicated the need for corroborating information to interpret observed amplitude changes. Seismic finite-difference modeling established the interpretation of wavelet trough and peak amplitudes as reflectivity from the top and bottom of the CO2 reservoir. Furthermore, the time-lapse reflectivity differences seen in the field data for both the top and base of the reservoir are comparable to those predicted by the modeling and are consistent for all 10 shot points analyzed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Daley, T M AU - Hendrickson, J AU - Queen, J H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S33C EP - 2439 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664433209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+time-lapse+offset+VSP+for+monitoring+of+CO2+storage+at+Cranfield%2C+Mississippi&rft.au=Daley%2C+T+M%3BHendrickson%2C+J%3BQueen%2C+J+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpreting isotopic analyses of microbial sulfate reduction in oil reservoirs AN - 1656036220; 2015-015007 AB - Microbial sulfate reduction in oil reservoirs is often associated with secondary production of oil where seawater (28 mM sulfate) is commonly injected to maintain reservoir pressure and displace oil. The hydrogen sulfide produced can cause a suite of operating problems including corrosion of infrastructure, health exposure risks and additional processing costs. We propose that monitoring of the sulfur and oxygen isotopes of sulfate can be used as early indicators that microbial sulfate reduction is occurring, as this process is well known to cause substantial isotopic fractionation. This approach relies on the idea that reactions with reservoir (iron) minerals can remove dissolved sulfide, thereby delaying the transport of the sulfide through the reservoir relative to the sulfate in the injected water. Changes in the sulfate isotopes due to microbial sulfate reduction may therefore be measurable in the produced water before sulfide is detected. However, turning this approach into a predictive tool requires (i) an understanding of appropriate fractionation factors for oil reservoirs, (ii) incorporation of isotopic data into reservoir flow and reactive transport models. We present here the results of preliminary batch experiments aimed at determining fractionation factors using relevant electron donors (e.g. crude oil and volatile fatty acids), reservoir microbial communities and reservoir environmental conditions (pressure, temperature). We further explore modeling options for integrating isotope data and discuss whether single fractionation factors are appropriate to model complex environments with dynamic hydrology, geochemistry, temperature and microbiology gradients. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hubbard, C G AU - Engelbrektson, A L AU - Druhan, J L AU - Cheng, Yiwei AU - Li, Li AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Coates, J D AU - Conrad, M E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B43B EP - 0481 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656036220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Interpreting+isotopic+analyses+of+microbial+sulfate+reduction+in+oil+reservoirs&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+C+G%3BEngelbrektson%2C+A+L%3BDruhan%2C+J+L%3BCheng%2C+Yiwei%3BLi%2C+Li%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BCoates%2C+J+D%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sweet and sour; attenuating sulfidogenesis in an advective flow column system with perchlorate or nitrate treatment AN - 1656033917; 2015-015004 AB - Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) biogenesis in oil reservoirs is a primary cause of souring and of associated costs in reservoir and pipeline maintenance. In addition to the corrosive effects of the H2S itself, abiotic and biological oxidation also generates sulfuric acid, further degrading metallic surfaces. Amending these environments with perchlorate (ClO4-) resolves these problems by inhibition of biological sulfate reduction and re-oxidation of H2S to elemental sulfur by dissimilatory (per)chlorate reducing bacteria (DPRB). Triplicate flow through columns packed with San Francisco bay sediment were flushed with bay water ([SO4=]=25-30 mM) containing yeast extract with 50 mM inhibitor concentrations (NO3-or ClO4-) decreasing to 25 mM and finally 12.5 mM. Influent and effluent geochemistry was monitored and DNA was prepared from the sediment bed for microbial community analysis. Souring was reversed by both treatments (at 50 mM) compared to the control columns that had no ion addition. Nitrate began to re-sour when treatment concentration was decreased to 25 mM but treatment had to be decreased to 12.5 mM before the perchlorate treated columns began to re-sour. However, the treated columns re-soured to a lesser extent than the control columns. Phylochip microbial community analyses indicated microbial community shifts and phylogenetic clustering by treatment. Isotopic analysis of sulfate showed trends that broadly agreed with the geochemistry but also suggested further sulfur cycling was occurring. This study indicates that perchlorate shows great promise as an inhibitor of sulfidogenesis in natural communities and provides insight into which organisms are involved in this process. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Engelbrektson, A L AU - Hubbard, C G AU - Piceno, Y AU - Boussina, A AU - Jin, Yongtae AU - Dubinsky, E A AU - Tom, L AU - Hu, Ping AU - Conrad, M E AU - Anderson, G L AU - Coates, J D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B43B EP - 0478 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656033917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Sweet+and+sour%3B+attenuating+sulfidogenesis+in+an+advective+flow+column+system+with+perchlorate+or+nitrate+treatment&rft.au=Engelbrektson%2C+A+L%3BHubbard%2C+C+G%3BPiceno%2C+Y%3BBoussina%2C+A%3BJin%2C+Yongtae%3BDubinsky%2C+E+A%3BTom%2C+L%3BHu%2C+Ping%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BAnderson%2C+G+L%3BCoates%2C+J+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Engelbrektson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Main error factors, affecting inversion of EM data AN - 1648907777; 2015-011093 AB - Inversions of EM data are complicated by a number of factors that need to be taken into account. These factors might contribute by tens of percents in data values, concealing responses from target objects, which usually contribute at the level of few percents only. We developed the exact analytical solutions of the EM wave equations that properly incorporate the contributions of the following effects: 1) A finite source size effect, where conventional dipole (zero-size) approximation brings 10-40% error compare to a real size source, needed to provide adequate signal-to-noise ratio. 2) Complex topography. A three-parametrical approach allows to keep the data misfits in 0.5% corridor while topography effect might be up to 40%. 3) Grounding shadow effect, caused by return ground currents, when Tx-line vicinity is horizontally non-uniform. By keeping survey setup within some reasonable geometrical ratios, the shadow effect comes to just one frequency-independent coefficient, which can be excluded from processing by using logarithmical derivatives. 4) Layer's wide spectral range effect. This brings to multi-layer spectral overlapping, so each frequency is affected by many layers; that requires wide spectral range processing, making the typical "few-frequency data acquisition" non-reliable. 5) Horizontal sensitivity effect. The typical view at the target signal, reflected from a Tx-Rx mid-point is valid only for a ray approximation, reliable in a far-field zone. Unlike this, the real EM surveys usually work in near-field zone. Thus Tx-Rx mid-point does not represent the layer, so a sensitivity distribution function must be computed for each layer for the following 3D-unification process. 6) Wide range Rx-directions from mid-line Tx. Survey terrain often prevents placing Rx perpendicular to Tx-line, and even small deviations without proper corrections cause a significant inaccuracy. A radical simplification of the effect's description becomes possible after applying a special Angular Theorem. 7) Apparent conductivity spectral splitting factor. For some of the inversion approaches an averaged Earth's conductivity sigma A(omega ) is the first step for the inversion to stratified Earth. The related spectral response from the loop-source splits such sigma A onto two branches: sigma A(omega High) and sigma A(omega Low), similar to early and late resistivities in time domain processing. 8) Calibration factor. A manufacturer-based internal calibration often leads to many percents of non-controllable systematic error at low and high frequency ends, as well as temperature changes. A special approach allows an external pre-survey calibration to achieve the required accuracy. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zuev, M A AU - Magomedov, M AU - Korneev, V A AU - Goloshubin, G AU - Zuev, Julia AU - Brovman, Yuri AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract T51A EP - 2451 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648907777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Main+error+factors%2C+affecting+inversion+of+EM+data&rft.au=Zuev%2C+M+A%3BMagomedov%2C+M%3BKorneev%2C+V+A%3BGoloshubin%2C+G%3BZuev%2C+Julia%3BBrovman%2C+Yuri%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zuev&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport modeling of Li isotope fractionation AN - 1648907541; 2015-009154 AB - The fractionation of Li isotopes has been used as a proxy for interaction processes between silicate rocks and any kind of fluids. In particular, Li isotope measurements are powerful because Li is almost exclusively found in silicate minerals. Moreover, the two stable Li isotopes, 6Li and 7Li, differ by 17% in mass introducing a large mass dependent isotope fractionation even at high temperature. Typical applications include Li isotope measurements along soil profiles and of river waters to track silicate weathering patterns and Li isotope measurements of geothermal wells and springs to assess water-rock interaction processes in geothermal systems. For this contribution we present a novel reactive transport modeling approach for the simulation of Li isotope fractionation using the code TOUGHREACT. It is based on a 6Li-7Li solid solution approach similar to the one recently described for simulating Cr isotope fractionation. Model applications include the simulation of granite weathering along a 1D flow path as well as the simulation of a column experiment related to an enhanced geothermal system. Results show that measured delta 7Li values are mainly controlled by (i) the degree of interaction between Li bearing primary silicate mineral phases (e.g., micas, feldspars) and the corresponding fluid, (ii) the Li isotope fractionation factor during precipitation of secondary mineral phases (e.g., clays), (iii) the Li concentration in primary and secondary Li bearing mineral phases and (iv) the proportion of dissolved Li that adsorbs to negatively charged surfaces (e.g., clays, Fe/Al-hydroxides). To date, most of these parameters are not very well constrained. Reactive transport modeling thus currently has to rely on many assumptions. Nevertheless, such models are powerful because they are the only viable option if individual contributions of all potential processes on the resulting (i.e., measured) Li isotopic ratio have to be quantitatively assessed. Accordingly, we suggest performing more experimental work in conjunction with reactive transport modeling to better understand Li isotope fractionation processes and to obtain a better understanding of water rock interaction processes, eventually. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wanner, C AU - Sonnenthal, E L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V51A EP - 2643 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648907541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+modeling+of+Li+isotope+fractionation&rft.au=Wanner%2C+C%3BSonnenthal%2C+E+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wanner&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elimination of error factors, affecting EM and seismic inversions AN - 1648905826; 2015-011094 AB - EM or seismic data inversions are affected by many factors, which may conceal the responses from target objects. We address here the contributions from the following effects: 1) Pre-survey spectral sensitivity factor. Preliminary information about a target layer can be used for a pre-survey estimation of the required frequency domain and signal level. A universal approach allows making such estimations in real time, helping the survey crew to optimize an acquisition process. 2) Preliminary velocities' identification and their dispersions for all the seismic waves, arising in a stratified media became a fast working tool, based on the exact analytical solution. 3) Vertical gradients effect. For most layers the log data scatter, requiring an averaging pattern. A linear gradient within each representative layer is a reasonable compromise between required inversion accuracy and forward modeling complexity. 4) An effect from the seismic source's radial component becomes comparable with vertical part for explosive sources. If this effect is not taken into account, a serious modeling error takes place. This problem has an algorithmic solution. 5) Seismic modeling is often based on different representations for a source formulated either for a force or to a potential. The wave amplitudes depend on the formulation, making an inversion result sensitive to it. 6) Asymmetrical seismic waves (modified Rayleigh) in symmetrical geometry around liquid fracture come from S-wave and merge with the modified Krauklis wave at high frequencies. A detail analysis of this feature allows a spectral range optimization for the proper wave's extraction. 7) An ultrasonic experiment was conducted to show different waves appearance for a super-thin water-saturated fracture between two Plexiglas plates, being confirmed by comparison with theoretical computations. 8) A "sandwich effect" was detected by comparison with averaged layer's effect. This opens an opportunity of the shale gas direct identification from the surface measurements. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Magomedov, M AU - Zuev, M A AU - Korneev, V A AU - Goloshubin, G AU - Zuev, Julia AU - Brovman, Yuri AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract T51A EP - 2452 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648905826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Elimination+of+error+factors%2C+affecting+EM+and+seismic+inversions&rft.au=Magomedov%2C+M%3BZuev%2C+M+A%3BKorneev%2C+V+A%3BGoloshubin%2C+G%3BZuev%2C+Julia%3BBrovman%2C+Yuri%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Magomedov&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonlinear rock+overburden stress=linear anisotropy+vertical velocity gradient AN - 1648905527; 2015-011089 AB - The increase in seismic velocity with depth is a common property of rock, one that can be encountered practically everywhere. Overburden pressure increases vertical stress, producing nonlinear elastic responses. Application of nonlinear theory to this problem leads to transverse isotropy, with relatively simple relationships between the nonlinear constants and anisotropy elastic coefficients. These relationships can be used in velocity "depth trend" removal and in computing offset-dependent corrections for stacking and migration. This also implies that realistic tomography models should account for elastic anisotropy as a basic feature. A proper solution for overburden stress requires a full nonlinear solution for static stress distribution. It is quite likely that anisotropy resulting from overburden pressure is a common, basic property of underground rock. Accounting for anisotropy properties requires more complex computational and imaging tools than just isotropic models, which have generally been in use up to the present. On the other hand, seismic interpretation can arrive at additional imaging rock parameters (TOE constants), which can potentially be extracted from anisotropy measurements. Additionally, the overburden-induced anisotropy is strong enough to produce shear waves by an explosion. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Korneev, V A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract T51A EP - 2447 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648905527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Nonlinear+rock%2Boverburden+stress%3Dlinear+anisotropy%2Bvertical+velocity+gradient&rft.au=Korneev%2C+V+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluid geochemistry monitoring at three California volcanoes AN - 1645572540; 2015-006012 AB - Mammoth Mountain, Lassen, and Shasta are high-threat volcanoes where aqueous and gas geochemistry is studied as part of ongoing monitoring efforts. All three volcanoes host high-elevation gas vents at near-boiling temperatures, and time series of samples from these features can reveal changes in the underlying magma-hydrothermal system. Most notably, a steam vent on Mammoth Mountain has shown significant increases in (super 3) He/ (super 4) He ratios that correlate with seismic swarms, initially in 1989-1990 and again in 2010-2012. The correlations provide strong evidence that those seismic swarms reflect enhanced upflow of magmatic fluids. Difficult access limits the frequency of sampling at the vents on Lassen and Shasta, but background data do exist, and sampling frequency could be increased in the event of unrest. Geochemical monitoring at the three volcanoes also includes sampling spring waters of diverse types that discharge on the flanks. Lassen supports a large hydrothermal system on its SE flanks consisting of numerous acid-sulfate springs and mudpots and at lower elevations, high-Cl hot springs. Dilute springs on the NE flank contain a few mg/L Cl and are a few degrees C above normal but are distinctly enriched in magmatic CO (sub 2) and represent potentially useful monitoring targets. Similar dilute, slightly thermal springs constitute the only anomalous spring discharges at Shasta (which lacks hot springs), and carbon and helium isotopes demonstrate a magmatic gas component in these features. Mammoth Mountain has one approximately 50 degrees C hot spring (Reds Meadow tub) at its western base but also hosts a large number of dilute cold springs that are highly enriched in magmatic CO (sub 2) . These cold springs show no detectable anomalies in Cl or temperature and the CO (sub 2) enrichment is best explained as a consequence of direct dissolution of magmatic gas into cold groundwater. Direct gas dissolution into cold groundwater likely occurs at Lassen and Shasta as well, in addition to the small input of geothermal water responsible for the slight Cl and temperature anomalies. Our geochemical monitoring targets include some of these dilute springs, based on the premise that they might show changes in magmatic gas or heat input sooner than the hot springs, which typically exhibit stable characteristics over multi-decadal time scales. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Evans, W AU - Hunt, A G AU - Kennedy, B M AU - Ingebritsen, S AU - McGeehin, J P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V11D EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645572540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Fluid+geochemistry+monitoring+at+three+California+volcanoes&rft.au=Evans%2C+W%3BHunt%2C+A+G%3BKennedy%2C+B+M%3BIngebritsen%2C+S%3BMcGeehin%2C+J+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microscopic evidence for a dense liquid phase of calcium carbonate AN - 1645572098; 2015-006303 AB - In the classical sense, minerals are presumed to nucleate directly from solution by overcoming a size-dependent free energy barrier that scales as the ratio of the macroscopic mineral-water interfacial tension cubed to the square of the thermodynamic supersaturation. However, experimental observations of the early stages of calcium carbonate mineralization demonstrate that under certain conditions formation of the crystalline polymorphs is preceded by the apparently spontaneous appearance of nanoscopic clusters that aggregate to produce metastable amorphous phases. This aggregation-based pathway is seemingly at odds with classical expectations. This research (Wallace et al., in press, Science) uses computational approaches to characterize the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of hydrated calcium carbonate cluster species, which are thus far only loosely constrained by experimental investigations. Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations are employed to probe the initial formation of the clusters and lattice gas simulations are used to explore the general behavior of clusters at the onset of mineralization. The results suggest the growth of carbonate clusters may indeed proceed in the absence of any significant thermodynamic barrier. Moreover, the dynamical properties of the clusters are consistent with those of a dense liquid phase. Coalescence and dehydration of the nanoscale droplets result in the formation of a phase whose structure is consistent with that of amorphous calcium carbonate. These findings indicate that a spontaneous liquid-liquid phase separation may occur within the range of supersaturations spanned by natural waters. The coexistence of the dense and dilute liquid phases is described by a liquid-liquid binodal that may express a lower critical point near ambient temperature. Though liquid-liquid separation in simulations of the CaCO (sub 3) -H (sub 2) O system is an unexpected result, it suggests a means of generating nano- and mesoscopic phases consistent with established phase separation mechanisms and experimental observations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wallace, A F AU - Hedges, L AU - Fernandez-Martinez, Alex AU - Raiteri, P AU - Gale, J D AU - Waychunas, G AU - Whitelam, S AU - Banfield, J F AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V33G EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645572098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Microscopic+evidence+for+a+dense+liquid+phase+of+calcium+carbonate&rft.au=Wallace%2C+A+F%3BHedges%2C+L%3BFernandez-Martinez%2C+Alex%3BRaiteri%2C+P%3BGale%2C+J+D%3BWaychunas%2C+G%3BWhitelam%2C+S%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of surface and transport limitations to the rate of calcite dissolution using pore scale modeling of a capillary tube experiment at pCO (sub 2) 4 Bar AN - 1645572059; 2015-006377 AB - Mineral trapping is generally considered to account for most of the long-term trapping of CO2 in the subsurface. Prediction of mineral trapping at the reservoir scale requires knowledge of continuum-scale mineral dissolution and precipitation rates. However, processes that take place at the pore scale (e.g., transport limitation to reactive surfaces) affect rates applicable at the continuum scale. To explore the pore scale processes that result in the discrepancy between rates measured in laboratory experiments and those calibrated from continuum-scale models, we have developed a high-resolution pore scale model of a capillary tube experiment. The capillary tube (L=0.7-cm, D=500-mu m) is packed with crushed calcite (Iceland spar) and the resulting 3D pore structure is imaged by X-ray computed microtomography (XCMT) at Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light Source at a 0.899-mu m resolution. A solution in equilibrium with a partial pressure of CO2 of 4 bars is injected at a rate of 5 microliter/min and the effluent concentrations of calcium are measured to ensure steady state conditions are achieved. A simulation domain is constructed from the XCMT image using implicit functions to represent the mineral surface locally on a grid. The pore-scale reactive transport model is comprised of high performance simulation tools and algorithms for incompressible Navier-Stokes flow, advective-diffusive transport and multicomponent geochemical reactions. Simulations are performed using 6,144 processors on NERSC's Cray XE6 Hopper to achieve a grid resolution of 2.32 mu m. Equivalent continuum scale simulations are also performed to evaluate the effect of pore scale processes. Comparison of results is performed based on flux-averaged effluent calcium concentrations, which are used as indicator of effective rates in the capillary tube. Results from both pore- and continuum-scale simulations overestimate the calcium effluent concentrations, suggesting that the TST rate expression parameters (fitted to experiments by Pokrovsky et al. 2005, Chem. Geol.) may not be appropriate for the Iceland spar used in the capillary experiment. Pore scale simulation effluent concentrations are lower than those obtained in the continuum-scale model. This difference is caused by mass transport limitations to reactive surfaces located in small pore spaces, where fluid velocities are significantly slower. Different reactive transport regimes are observed at the same slice of the capillary: far-from-equilibrium conditions in large pore spaces where dissolution is mostly surface-limited and near-equilibrium conditions in almost stagnant pore spaces where dissolution is transport-limited. Where different reactive transport regimes exist, the assumption of well-mixed conditions at each grid point of the continuum-scale model is not met. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Molins, S AU - Trebotich, D AU - Yang, L AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B AU - Ligocki, T J AU - Shen, C AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V41A EP - 2775 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645572059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+surface+and+transport+limitations+to+the+rate+of+calcite+dissolution+using+pore+scale+modeling+of+a+capillary+tube+experiment+at+pCO+%28sub+2%29+4+Bar&rft.au=Molins%2C+S%3BTrebotich%2C+D%3BYang%2C+L%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B%3BLigocki%2C+T+J%3BShen%2C+C%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward a mechanistic understanding of patterns in biomineralization and new insights for old dogmas in geological settings AN - 1645571731; 2015-006305 AB - The ability of organisms to mineralize tissues into skeletons and other functional structures is a remarkable achievement of biology. Yet, the physical basis for how macromolecules regulate the placement and onset of mineral formation is not well established. Efforts to understand nucleation onto organic substrates have produced two, seemingly contradictory, lines of thought: The biomineralization community widely assumes the organic matrix promotes nucleation through stereochemical matching to guide the organization of solute ions, while materials synthesis groups use simple binding assays to correlate high binding strength with good promoters of nucleation. This study reconciles the two views and provides a mechanistic explanation for template-directed nucleation by correlating heterogeneous nucleation barriers with crystal-substrate binding free energies. Using surface assembled monolayers (SAM) as simple model systems, we first measure the kinetics of calcite nucleation onto model substrates that present different functional group chemistries (carboxyl, thiol, phosphate, hydroxyl) and conformations (C11, C16 chain lengths). We find rates are substrate-specific and obey predictions of classical nucleation theory at supersaturations that extend above the solubility of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). Analysis of the kinetic data shows the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation is reduced by minimizing the interfacial free energy of the system, gamma . We then use dynamic force spectroscopy to independently measure calcite-substrate binding free energies, Delta Gb. Moreover, we show that within the classical theory of nucleation, gamma and Delta Gb should be linearly related. The results bear out this prediction and demonstrate that low energy barriers to nucleation correlate with strong crystal-substrate binding. This relationship is general to all functional group chemistries and conformations. These findings reconcile the long-standing concept of templated nucleation through stereochemical matching with the conventional wisdom that 'good binders are good nucleators'. Alternative perspectives become internally consistent when viewed through the lens of crystal-substrate binding and provide a physical basis for how organic chemistry can direct temporal and spatial patterns of carbonate nucleation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dove, P M AU - Hamm, L AU - Giuffre, A J AU - Han, N AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V33G EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645571731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Toward+a+mechanistic+understanding+of+patterns+in+biomineralization+and+new+insights+for+old+dogmas+in+geological+settings&rft.au=Dove%2C+P+M%3BHamm%2C+L%3BGiuffre%2C+A+J%3BHan%2C+N%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dove&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multicontinuum approach for modeling multiphase reactive geochemical and isotopic transport in geothermal systems AN - 1645571430; 2015-006149 AB - Reactive transport in geothermal systems is primarily governed by localized flow in fractures with heat and diffusive chemical exchange, and progressive alteration in the adjacent rock matrix. Modeling the fluid geochemistry over long path lengths in fault zones and fractured reservoirs, as well as long-term permeability changes, requires capturing processes from the scale of fracture apertures (microns) to kilometers. The Multiple-Interacting-Continua (MINC) approach developed for thermal-hydrological simulation of fractured geothermal systems (Pruess & Narasimhan, 1985) is particularly well suited for extension to reactive transport in fractured rock and evaluating permeability changes. Assessment of reaction rates in geothermal systems, however, becomes more difficult at higher temperatures because of the more rapid tendency towards equilibrium. Isotopic systems, such as 87Sr/86Sr, have been used successfully for evaluating rates of water-rock interaction (e.g., DePaolo, 2006), but full incorporation into reactive transport models has been limited. A MINC model is described that couples kinetic rates of mineral-water reactions with heat and fluid flow in fractured rock as well as changes in Sr isotopic ratios in secondary minerals and fluids. This is applied to analysis of hydrothermal alteration at Newberry Volcano, Oregon, the site of current geothermal exploration and enhanced geothermal system development. Model results show the development of a hydrothermal mineral assemblage under a present-day temperature regime similar to those observed, with inputs of magmatic CO2 and H2S. Estimates of the rates of isotopic changes in secondary minerals and in the fluid with groundwater injection are compared to the rates of mineral-water equilibration. The analysis of sites such as Newberry Volcano, where the mineralogy and temperatures are constrained by borehole data, can guide the setup of MINC simulations of hydrothermal or enhanced geothermal systems where only spring or vent fluid compositions and limited geologic information are available. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V32B EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645571430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multicontinuum+approach+for+modeling+multiphase+reactive+geochemical+and+isotopic+transport+in+geothermal+systems&rft.au=Sonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sonnenthal&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO (sub 2) reaction induced wettability alteration and its impacts on CO (sub 2) storage; pore to core scale reservoir condition experimental studies AN - 1645571360; 2015-006365 AB - Wettability of the mineral surfaces plays an important role in subsurface multiphase flow and transport. Wettability affects the capillary pressure-saturation (Pc- S) relations, relative permeability (kr) of each fluid phase, and relative phase occupancy in reservoir pores. Although wettability issues have been studied extensively in other fields, significant knowledge gaps remain when applying the existing understanding to geological carbon sequestration; due largely to the unique physical-chemical properties of supercritical (sc) CO2 relative to other common non-wetting fluids such as air and oil. Here, we report our recent progress on wettability alteration upon reaction with CO2 and the resulting differences in capillary trapping of CO2 versus air. (1) Pore Scale Studies. There are conflict predictions in the literature concerning the effect of wettability on capillary trapping; some find that larger contact angles lead to lower capillary trapping while others have found opposite behavior. We hypothesized that spontaneous imbibition becomes energetically unfavorable with decreased wettability, so that increased residual trapping of scCO2 should occur during the post-injection inbibition stage. We developed a laboratory high-pressure and elevated temperature microscopic-micromodel system that is capable of controlling fine scale capillary pressure of scCO2-brine, and enabled us to conduct imbibition under controlled capillary pressures at the pore scale. We found that the de-wetting enhanced scCO2 capillary trapping is significant. These results suggest that scCO2 reaction induced dewetting can result in higher degrees of CO2 residual trapping in the post-injection stage than previously predicted. (2) Core Scale Studies. Capillary scaling is used routinely to predict Pc(S) relations for scCO2-brine systems at field scale, based on relations measured with air-water or mercury porosimetry. However, scaling-based predictions for CO2-brine systems have not been fully tested. Current limitations include the fact that imbibition curves are seldom measured due to experimental difficulties in controlling capillary pressure, and wettability (contact angles) is usually unknown and applied as adjustable parameters. Applying a new laboratory system to accurately control Pc at high total P, and we measured Pc(S) of a homogeneous quartz sand (selected because its "normal" hydraulic properties are very well constrained). Drainage and imbibition experiments were conducted to directly measure Pc(S) with air-brine, then with scCO2-brine. With scCO2, intermediate levels of S shifted to Pc values 30% to 90% lower than predicted based on scaling with interfacial tension. Capillary trapping of CO2 were measured at Pc=0 during brine imbibition, with trapped volumes for scCO2 significantly greater than for trapped air. We conclude that the observed deviations from scaling predictions make predicting the hydraulic behavior of scCO2 in reservoirs more challenging, and that an understanding of scCO2-induced wettability change is needed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wan, J AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Kim, Y AU - Jung, J AU - Kim, T AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V41A EP - 2763 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645571360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=CO+%28sub+2%29+reaction+induced+wettability+alteration+and+its+impacts+on+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage%3B+pore+to+core+scale+reservoir+condition+experimental+studies&rft.au=Wan%2C+J%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BKim%2C+Y%3BJung%2C+J%3BKim%2C+T%3BDong%2C+Wenming%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting impacts of CO (sub 2) intrusion into a confined sandstone aquifer AN - 1645571158; 2015-006368 AB - Deep subsurface storage and sequestration of CO2 has been identified as a potential mitigation technique for rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Sequestered CO2 represents a potential risk to overlying aquifers if the CO2 leaks from the deep storage reservoir. Experimental and modeling work is required to evaluate potential risks to groundwater quality and develop a systematic understanding on how CO2 leakage may cause important changes in aquifer chemistry and mineralogy by promoting dissolution/precipitation, adsorption/desorption, and redox reactions. Sediments from a confined sandstone aquifer, i.e., the High Plains aquifer in Kansas, were used to represent a generic sandstone aquifer. The sediments originated from different wells and depths within the central portion of the High Plains aquifer. A series of batch and column experiments were conducted to study time-dependent release of major, minor and trace elements when the sediments were exposed to the CO2 gas stream. Pre- and post-treatment solid phase characterization studies and wet chemical extractions have also been conducted or are underway. Major variables tested included reaction time (0-336 hours), CO2 flow rate (50 to 350 ml/min), brine concentration (0.1 and 1 M NaCl), and sediment type. Additional experiments are being conducted to determine the fate of contaminants, such as As, Pb and Cd, when they are present in the initial contacting solution. The XRD results showed that the <2 mm size-fraction of the High Plains aquifer sediments was abundant in quartz and feldspars, and also contained 15 to 20 wt% montmorillonite and up to 5 wt% micas. Some sediments contained up to 7 wt% calcite. Results from acid extractions demonstrated that the solid phase had appreciable amounts of potential contaminants (As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn). However, results from the batch and column experiments demonstrated that few trace elements were released into the aqueous phase and their concentrations were close to or below detection limits. The concentrations of other elements, such as Si, Ca, Ba, Mg, Mn, Sr, Na and K increased either instantaneously or followed nonlinear increasing trends with time, indicating that they were controlled by dissolution and/or desorption reactions. Reactive transport models were developed to interpret the concentration changes observed in experiments conducted with the High Plains aquifer sediments. The initial conceptual model was developed based on literature data collected from other sites and tests. Initial assumptions were that the release of major and trace element were caused mainly by the calcite dissolution and Ca-driven cation exchange reactions. The necessary changes made in the initial conceptual model reflect the site-specific nature of the impact of the leaking CO2 on the groundwater quality. The results from these investigations will provide useful information to support site selection, risk assessment, and public education efforts associated with geological CO2 storage and sequestration. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Shao, H AU - Qafoku, Nik P AU - Zheng, L AU - Lawter, Amanda AU - Wang, Guohui AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V41A EP - 2766 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645571158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Predicting+impacts+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+intrusion+into+a+confined+sandstone+aquifer&rft.au=Shao%2C+H%3BQafoku%2C+Nik+P%3BZheng%2C+L%3BLawter%2C+Amanda%3BWang%2C+Guohui%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shao&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microfluidic and capillary tube experimental study of forsterite carbonation by CO (sub 2) bearing fluids AN - 1645571000; 2015-006375 AB - The kinetic reactions of minerals and CO2 bearing fluids in the subsurface are critical to predict long term fate and stability of the injected CO2 in the subsurface. It is very challenging, however, to apply the baseline kinetic information obtained from conventional batch reactors directly and predict mineral carbonation reactions in subsurface porous media environments where minerals are in contact with reactive fluids within tiny pores of a few to hundreds microns in diameter characterized by very different solid/solution ratios and hydrodynamic flow conditions. In this study, kinetic experiments were conducted using high temperature and pressure microfluidic and micro-capillary tube reactors to investigate the coupled dissolution and secondary mineral precipitation associated with reaction between olivine (forsterite) and CO2 bearing fluids within a simulated micro-porous environment. Channels (pores) of 100 mu m with sub-micron apertures were constructed on surfaces of forsterite discs and were reacted with solution saturated with CO2 at 80 bars and 95 degrees C for more than three weeks. A highly incongruent dissolution was observed with magnesium preferentially leached out of forsterite surfaces relative to silica. However, no effects of surface passivation due to the apparent precipitation of amorphous silica at the higher temperature were observed, with magnesium dissolution rates reaching a steady state after one week of reaction. Solid phase analysis by RAMAN spectroscopy showed no detectable secondary carbonates in the primary 100 mu m diameter pore of the microfluidic reactor, although abundant hydromagnesite had precipitated on forsterite surfaces in the sub-micron diameter pores of the microfluidic reactor along its O-ring seals, indicating a diffusion control on rates in the local micro-environment. To further understand these processes, micro-capillary tube experiments with novel T-design were carried out using forsterite grains packed inside 200 mu m I.D capillary tube reactors at 95 C and 100 bars to simulate the coupled flow (the primary channel) and diffusion-only processes in the subsurface. The experiments demonstrated that no secondary carbonate minerals formed in the flow channel, as expected due to the high flushing rate. However, significant amounts of magnesite did form in the diffusion-controlled capillary tube reactor where the pH, alkalinity, and Mg2+ concentration had risen sufficiently high to allow magnesite precipitation. The profile of the magnesite precipitated along the diffusion reactor was quantified with RAMAN spectroscopy analysis and was interpreted with multicomponent reactive transport modeling to gain further insights on the secondary magnesite nucleation and growth kinetics. The experimental studies revealed that secondary carbonate formation, while thermodynamically inhibited in the main flow channel due to the low pH, could still occur in local micro-environments characterized by diffusion-controlled transport conditions. This highlights the importance of local heterogeneities in controlling minerals carbonation reactions in the subsurface during geological carbon sequestration. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yang, L AU - Steefel, C I AU - Bechtel, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V41A EP - 2773 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645571000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Microfluidic+and+capillary+tube+experimental+study+of+forsterite+carbonation+by+CO+%28sub+2%29+bearing+fluids&rft.au=Yang%2C+L%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BBechtel%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controls on CO2 mineralization in volcanogenic sandstone reservoir rocks AN - 1645570278; 2015-006344 AB - We proposed to use volcanogenic sandstones for CO2 sequestration. Such sandstones with a relatively high percentage of volcanic rock fragments (VRF) could be a promising target for CO2 sequestration in that they have a sufficient percentage of reactive minerals to allow substantial mineralization of injected scCO2, which provides the most secure form of CO2 storage, but can also be porous and permeable enough to allow injection at acceptable rates. Modeling results from reactive transport code TOUGHREACT show that as much as 80% CO2 mineralization could occur in 1000 years in rocks with 10-20% volcanic rock fragments and still allow sufficient injectivity so that ca. 1 megaton of CO2 can be injected per year per well. The key to estimating how much CO2 can be injected and mineralized is the relationship between permeability (or injectivity) and reactive mineral content. We have sampled examples of volcanogenic sandstones from Miocene Etchegoin Formation, central California to examine these relationships. Characterizations of these samples by SEM, XRF and XRD show that they are rich in reactive minerals with around 32% plagioclase, 10% clinopyroxene, 2% diopside, and 1% ilmenite. Porosities range from 10% to 20%, and permeabilities range from 10 mD to 1000 mD. Batch experiments are also in progress to obtain realistic reactivity estimates. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhang, Shuo AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Voltolini, Marco AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V41A EP - 2742 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645570278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Controls+on+CO2+mineralization+in+volcanogenic+sandstone+reservoir+rocks&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Shuo%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BXu%2C+Tianfu%3BVoltolini%2C+Marco%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Shuo&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multi-scale approach to representing tundra permafrost dynamics in a coupled climate system model AN - 1566814992; 2014-076097 AB - Current generation Earth system models do not resolve the microtopographic features and sub-surface structural complexity of ice-wedge polygonal tundra in the Arctic. The high carbon density of permafrost soils in many polygonal tundra systems raises concern about the potential for strong positive feedbacks under conditions of radiatively-forced climate warming. The thermal and hydrologic responses of these systems to warming are thought to depend in part on existing drainage patterns and how those patterns might change as the active layer thickens, while the balance of net carbon flux occurring as carbon dioxide versus methane depends on biological, thermal, and hydrologic state. By explicitly representing microtopographic variability and sub-surface dynamics in a fine-scale model, informed by intensive site-scale measurements and laboratory experimentation, we are able to generate semi-empirical parameterizations that capture the mean behavior of energy, water, and carbon fluxes at scales amenable to application in an Earth system model. We demonstrate an example of this multi-scale approach merging observations and modeling for polygonal tundra near Barrow, Alaska, as a component of the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) Arctic project. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Thornton, P E AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Painter, S L AU - Bisht, G AU - Hammond, G E AU - Mills, R T AU - Tang, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B31H EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Nevada+Bureau+of+Mines+and+Geology&rft.atitle=Infrasonic+observations+from+the+February+21%2C+2008+Wells+earthquake&rft.au=Burlacu%2C+Relu%3BArrowsmith%2C+Stephen%3BHayward%2C+Chris%3BStump%2C+Brian&rft.aulast=Burlacu&rft.aufirst=Relu&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Nevada+Bureau+of+Mines+and+Geology&rft.issn=02756285&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial diversity in restored wetlands of the San Francisco Bay delta AN - 1566814895; 2014-076127 AB - Wetland ecosystems may serve as either a source or a sink for atmospheric carbon and greenhouse gases. This delicate carbon balance is influenced by the activity of below-ground microbial communities that return carbon dioxide and methane to the atmosphere. Wetland restoration efforts in the San Francisco Bay-Delta region may help to reverse land subsidence and possibly increase carbon storage in soils. However, the effects of wetland restoration on microbial communities, which mediate soil metabolic activity and carbon cycling, are poorly studied. In an effort to better understand the underlying factors which shape the balance of carbon flux in wetland soils, we targeted the microbial communities in a suite of restored and historic wetlands in the San Francisco Bay-Delta region. Using DNA and RNA sequencing, coupled with greenhouse gas monitoring, we profiled the diversity and metabolic potential of the wetland soil microbial communities along biogeochemical and wetland age gradients. Our results show relationships among geochemical gradients, availability of electron acceptors, and microbial community composition. Our study provides the first genomic glimpse into microbial populations in natural and restored wetlands of the San Francisco Bay-Delta region and provides a valuable benchmark for future studies. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Theroux, S AU - Hartman, W AU - Tringe, S G AU - He, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B33A EP - 0463 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Microbial+diversity+in+restored+wetlands+of+the+San+Francisco+Bay+delta&rft.au=Theroux%2C+S%3BHartman%2C+W%3BTringe%2C+S+G%3BHe%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Theroux&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metagenomics reveals microbial community composition and function with depth in Arctic permafrost cores AN - 1566814861; 2014-076121 AB - The Arctic is one of the most climatically sensitive regions on Earth and current surveys show that permafrost degradation is widespread in arctic soils. Biogeochemical feedbacks of permafrost thaw are expected to be dominated by the release of currently stored carbon back into the atmosphere as CO2 and CH4. Understanding the dynamics of C release from permafrost requires assessment of microbial functions from different soil compartments. To this end, as part of the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment in the Arctic, we collected two replicate permafrost cores (1 m and 3 m deep) from a transitional polygon near Barrow, AK. At this location, permafrost starts from 0.5 m in depth and is characterized by variable ice content and higher pH than surface soils. Prior to sectioning, the cores were CT-scanned to determine the physical heterogeneity throughout the cores. In addition to detailed geochemical characterization, we used Illumina MiSeq technology to sequence 16SrRNA genes throughout the depths of the cores at 1 cm intervals. Selected depths were also chosen for metagenome sequencing of total DNA (including phylogenetic and functional genes) using the Illumina HiSeq platform. The 16S rRNA gene sequence data revealed that the microbial community composition and diversity changed dramatically with depth. The microbial diversity decreased sharply below the first few centimeters of the permafrost and then gradually increased in deeper layers. Based on the metagenome sequence data, the permafrost microbial communities were found to contain members with a large metabolic potential for carbon processing, including pathways for fermentation and methanogenesis. The surface active layers had more representatives of Verrucomicrobia (potential methane oxidizers) whereas the deep permafrost layers were dominated by several different species of Actinobacteria. The latter are known to have a diverse metabolic capability and are able to adapt to stress by entering a dormant yet viable state. In addition, several isolates were obtained from different depths throughout the cores, including methanogens from some of the deeper layers. Together these data present a new view of potential geochemical cycles carried out by microorganisms in permafrost and reveal how community members and functions are distributed with depth. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jansson, J R AU - Tas, N AU - Wu, Y AU - Ulrich, C AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Torn, M S AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Chakraborty, R AU - Graham, D E AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B32C EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Metagenomics+reveals+microbial+community+composition+and+function+with+depth+in+Arctic+permafrost+cores&rft.au=Jansson%2C+J+R%3BTas%2C+N%3BWu%2C+Y%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BChakraborty%2C+R%3BGraham%2C+D+E%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jansson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying Arctic terrestrial environment behaviors using geophysical, point-scale and remote sensing data AN - 1566814671; 2014-076170 AB - Improvement in parameterizing Arctic process-rich terrestrial models to simulate feedbacks to a changing climate requires advances in estimating the spatiotemporal variations in active layer and permafrost properties - in sufficiently high resolution yet over modeling-relevant scales. As part of the DOE Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE-Arctic), we are developing advanced strategies for imaging the subsurface and for investigating land and subsurface co-variability and dynamics. Our studies include acquisition and integration of various measurements, including point-based, surface-based geophysical, and remote sensing datasets These data have been collected during a series of campaigns at the NGEE Barrow, AK site along transects that traverse a range of hydrological and geomorphological conditions, including low- to high- centered polygons and drained thaw lake basins. In this study, we describe the use of galvanic-coupled electrical resistance tomography (ERT), capacitively-coupled resistivity (CCR) , permafrost cores, above-ground orthophotography, and digital elevation model (DEM) to (1) explore complementary nature and trade-offs between characterization resolution, spatial extent and accuracy of different datasets; (2) develop inversion approaches to quantify permafrost characteristics (such as ice content, ice wedge frequency, and presence of unfrozen deep layer) and (3) identify correspondences between permafrost and land surface properties (such as water inundation, topography, and vegetation). In terms of methods, we developed a 1D-based direct search approach to estimate electrical conductivity distribution while allowing exploration of multiple solutions and prior information in a flexible way. Application of the method to the Barrow datasets reveals the relative information content of each dataset for characterizing permafrost properties, which shows features variability from below one meter length scales to large trends over more than a kilometer. Further, we used Pole- and Kite-based low-altitude aerial photography with inferred DEM, as well as DEM from LiDAR dataset, to quantify land-surface properties and their co-variability with the subsurface properties. Comparison of the above- and below-ground characterization information indicate that while some permafrost characteristics correspond with changes in hydrogeomorphological expressions, others features show more complex linkages with landscape properties. Overall, our results indicate that remote sensing data, point-scale measurements and surface geophysical measurements enable the identification of regional zones having similar relations between subsurface and land surface properties. Identification of such zonation and associated permafrost-land surface properties can be used to guide investigations of carbon cycling processes and for model parameterization. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dafflon, B AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Ulrich, C AU - Peterson, J E AU - Wu, Y AU - Wainwright, H M AU - Gangodagamage, C AU - Kholodov, A L AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract C43A EP - 0664 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Quantifying+Arctic+terrestrial+environment+behaviors+using+geophysical%2C+point-scale+and+remote+sensing+data&rft.au=Dafflon%2C+B%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BPeterson%2C+J+E%3BWu%2C+Y%3BWainwright%2C+H+M%3BGangodagamage%2C+C%3BKholodov%2C+A+L%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dafflon&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate forcing across multiple scales and landscape types within the Arctic tundra ecosystem AN - 1566812131; 2014-076062 AB - Pan-Arctic spatial heterogeneity is a major challenge to predicting the impact that present and future Arctic landscape features will have on the global climate system. Drained thaw lake basins (DTLBs) at different stages of landscape evolution have different micro-topographical features that likely influence climate forcing from these landscape types. Through the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE Arctic) project we seek to improve the representativeness of ecosystem processes within Earth system models by quantifying, through field observations, the climate forcing from ecosystem greenhouse gas and energy fluxes within Arctic DTLBs at different stages of landscape evolution. We are measuring soil greenhouse gas fluxes, near-surface spectral radiation components, plant community composition, and environmental driver variables across a approximately 3 Km transect that spans three DTLBs of different climate-change relevant ages (from 50 years to more than 3000 years old). Preliminary results show that different environmental conditions (soil moisture, soil temperature, and thaw depth) and plant community composition, driven by micro-topographical features, within a given DTLB have a significant influence on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes and energy fluxes. Scaling analysis show the influence that the spatial distribution of these micro-topographical features and environmental conditions has on the estimation of climate forcing from any given Arctic DTLB. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Curtis, J B AU - Torn, M S AU - Raz-Yaseef, N AU - Sloan, Victoria L AU - Liebig, J A AU - Hahn, Melanie Sarah AU - Wilson, C J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Norby, R J AU - Altmann, G L AU - Siegrist, J AU - Chafe, O AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B11G EP - 0447 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566812131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Climate+forcing+across+multiple+scales+and+landscape+types+within+the+Arctic+tundra+ecosystem&rft.au=Curtis%2C+J+B%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BRaz-Yaseef%2C+N%3BSloan%2C+Victoria+L%3BLiebig%2C+J+A%3BHahn%2C+Melanie+Sarah%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BAltmann%2C+G+L%3BSiegrist%2C+J%3BChafe%2C+O%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemical controls on microbial CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) production in interstitial area polygon soils from the Barrow Environmental Observatory AN - 1566811891; 2014-076071 AB - Organic matter buried in Arctic soils and permafrost will become accessible to increased microbial degradation as the ground warms due to climate change. The rates of organic matter degradation and the proportion of CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) greenhouse gasses released in a potential warming feedback cycle depend on the microbial response to warming, organic carbon structure and availability, the pore-water pH, and available electron acceptors. To adapt and improve the representation of these Arctic subsurface processes in land models for the NGEE Arctic project, we examined soil organic matter transformations from elevated and subsided areas of low- and high-centered polygons from interstitial tundra on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (Barrow, AK). Significant amounts of iron(II) in organic and mineral soils of the active layer and groundwater indicate anoxic conditions in most soil horizons. Unamended, anoxic incubations of soils at -2, +4 or +8 degrees C produced both CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) , with different response curves. CO (sub 2) formed rapidly while CH (sub 4) production lagged. Rates of formation for both CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) were substantially higher in microcosms containing active layer O horizon (38-43% total carbon) compared to B horizon (17-18% carbon) samples. The ratio of CO (sub 2) to CH (sub 4) produced decreased with increasing temperature. A constant Q10 relationship is not adequate to explain temperature effects from -2 to +8 degrees C. Measurements of ionic species dissolved in soil porewater from frozen cores, humic-rich surface water, or groundwater indicated low levels of nitrate and sulfate, constraining the role of these alternative electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration. The surface water pH (4.4) was significantly lower than groundwater (5.8 to 6.3). Organic acid degradation and Fe(III) reduction increased the pH in soil water during some incubations. Substantial differences in other ionic species confirm that surface and groundwater do not mix rapidly in the field. Biomass extracted from frozen mineral soil samples or thawed microcosms was analyzed for relative protein abundance using metaproteomics, and numerous peptide spectra were matched to an Arctic genomic and metagenomic database. Signature proteins from acetoclastic methanogens were identified in frozen permafrost and active-layer samples. After microcosm incubations, however, methanogenic proteins were found only in active-layer samples, consistent with headspace gas analyses. Therefore, soil thawing and warming caused increases in microbial biomass and significant changes in microbial composition that determine the composition of greenhouse gas product mixtures. Differential microbial growth and migration through the thawing soil column may be key to changes in microbial population size and activity during prolonged thaw seasons. Methanogenesis and microbial growth account for most electron transfer from soil organic matter in O horizon samples, but iron reduction and microbial growth account for most electron transfer in the B horizon. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Graham, D E AU - Roy Chowdhury, T AU - Herndon, E AU - Chourey, K AU - Ladd, M AU - Tas, N AU - Jansson, J R AU - Elias, D A AU - Hettich, R L AU - Phelps, T J AU - Gu, B AU - Liang, L AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B11J EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566811891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Biogeochemical+controls+on+microbial+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+CH+%28sub+4%29+production+in+interstitial+area+polygon+soils+from+the+Barrow+Environmental+Observatory&rft.au=Graham%2C+D+E%3BRoy+Chowdhury%2C+T%3BHerndon%2C+E%3BChourey%2C+K%3BLadd%2C+M%3BTas%2C+N%3BJansson%2C+J+R%3BElias%2C+D+A%3BHettich%2C+R+L%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BGu%2C+B%3BLiang%2C+L%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functionalized high performance polymer membranes for separation of carbon dioxide and methane AN - 1562673587; 20519305 AB - A significant enhancement in separation performance of supported polyaniline and polypyrrole membranes after chemical modification viagrafting and solvation with a non-volatile liquid, poly(ethylene glycol), has been demonstrated. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Blinova, N V AU - Svec, F AD - The Molecular Foundry; E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA 94720; US; , fsvec@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - Dec 2013 SP - 600 EP - 604 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Methane KW - Membranes KW - Energy KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Polymers KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562673587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Functionalized+high+performance+polymer+membranes+for+separation+of+carbon+dioxide+and+methane&rft.au=Blinova%2C+N+V%3BSvec%2C+F&rft.aulast=Blinova&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=600&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta14095d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Membranes; Energy; Polymers; Carbon dioxide; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta14095d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraining the cause of the end-Guadalupian extinction with coupled records of carbon and calcium isotopes AN - 1553087024; 2014-062053 AB - A negative delta (super 13) C excursion in carbonate sediments from Guadalupian (Middle Permian) and Lopingian (Late Permian) stratigraphic sections has been interpreted to result from a large carbon cycle disturbance during end-Guadalupian extinction event (ca. 260 Ma). However, the carbon isotope data alone are insufficient to uniquely determine the type and magnitude of perturbations to the global carbon cycle. The carbon and calcium cycles are coupled via CaCO (sub 3) burial, so changes in calcium isotopes can be used to constrain the cause of a carbon isotope excursion. In this study, we present coupled carbon and calcium isotope records from three Guadalupian-Lopingian (G/L) sections in China and Turkey. Isotope records among our studied sections are inconsistent in both their delta (super 13) C and delta (super 44/40) Ca records. Similar inconsistencies in delta (super 13) C among sections occur across previously published datasets. Sections with large (>3 ppm) changes in delta (super 13) C either show evidence for diagenetic alteration or do not show delta (super 13) C and delta (super 44/40) Ca changes consistent with severe volcanic degassing from Emeishan or methane clathrate destabilization. We conclude that the large isotopic changes are more likely the result of local burial conditions or diagenetic effects, rather than a large carbon cycle disturbance. Perturbations to the global carbon and calcium cycles appear to have been much smaller across the G/L transition than across the subsequent Permian-Triassic boundary. This finding is consistent with recent paleobiological data showing that the end-Guadalupian extinction was much less severe than previously believed, and was indistinguishable in magnitude from background intervals. However, selective extinction of marine animals with passive respiratory physiology indicates that the G/L extinction cannot simply be due to background extinction or sampling failure, and that it was triggered by some environmental event. Therefore, any environmental event must have been small enough to not generate large changes in delta (super 13) C and delta (super 44/40) Ca. A small acidification or warming event is therefore plausible, but difficult to confirm. Loss of marine habitat by way of sea-level change also remains a possible extinction trigger. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jost, A B AU - Mundil, R AU - He, B AU - Brown, S T AU - Altiner, D AU - Sun, Y AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Payne, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract PP13A EP - 1870 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553087024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Constraining+the+cause+of+the+end-Guadalupian+extinction+with+coupled+records+of+carbon+and+calcium+isotopes&rft.au=Jost%2C+A+B%3BMundil%2C+R%3BHe%2C+B%3BBrown%2C+S+T%3BAltiner%2C+D%3BSun%2C+Y%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BPayne%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jost&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling CO (sub 2) injection at Cranfield, Mississippi; investigation of methane and temperature effects AN - 1542642441; 2014-046585 AB - A large-scale carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) injection pilot is ongoing at Cranfield, Mississippi, in a saline aquifer with high dissolved methane (CH (sub 4) ) content, employing one injection well and two observation wells. The breakthrough of CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) at the observation wells provides insights to phase partitioning and the multipath nature of flow through the formation. Injected CO (sub 2) is cooler than the formation temperature, making temperature another useful observation. Simulations of the first year of CO (sub 2) injection were conducted with the numerical simulator TOUGH2 and the equation of state module EOS7C, which includes CO (sub 2) , CH (sub 4) , and H (sub 2) O, using an axisymmetric model with layering based on well logs from the injection well. Although the simplification of an axisymmetric model precludes study of formation dip or lateral heterogeneity, its simple structure enables a focus on physical processes involving the phase partitioning of CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) , and temperature effects. Field observations that the model reproduces include the arrival of a bank of free-phase CH (sub 4) ahead of the main CO (sub 2) plume at each observation well, and non-monotonic changes in CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) mole fraction as a function of time, suggesting that multiple distinct flow paths exist between the injection well and the observation wells, each with its own bank of free-phase CH (sub 4) leading the CO (sub 2) . Model results are compared with temperature observations made in the field with a Distributed Temperature Sensor (DTS) system, suggesting that a well-defined thermal response reached the near observation well within the seven-month monitoring period, but not the more distant observation well. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Freifeld, Barry M Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 475 EP - 490 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Sussex VL - 3 IS - 6 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - deep aquifers KW - contaminant plumes KW - Cretaceous KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - observation wells KW - calibration KW - simulation KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - spatial distribution KW - finite element analysis KW - Adams County Mississippi KW - Cranfield Mississippi KW - tracers KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - saline composition KW - methane KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - thermal properties KW - Mississippi KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - multiphase flow KW - hydrocarbons KW - greenhouse gases KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542642441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Modeling+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+at+Cranfield%2C+Mississippi%3B+investigation+of+methane+and+temperature+effects&rft.au=Doughty%2C+Christine%3BFreifeld%2C+Barry+M&rft.aulast=Doughty&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=2152-3878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1363 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292152-3878 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Mississippi; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aquifers; calibration; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; computer programs; contaminant plumes; Cranfield Mississippi; Cretaceous; deep aquifers; finite element analysis; gaseous phase; greenhouse gases; ground water; hydrocarbons; Mesozoic; methane; Mississippi; multiphase flow; numerical models; observation wells; organic compounds; pollution; porosity; reservoir rocks; saline composition; saturation; simulation; spatial distribution; thermal properties; TOUGH2; tracers; Tuscaloosa Formation; United States; Upper Cretaceous DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1363 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Injectivity of carbon dioxide in the St. Lawrence Platform, Quebec (Canada); a sensitivity study AN - 1542641655; 2014-046588 AB - Injectivity of CO (sub 2) in the Becancour deep saline aquifers, St. Lawrence Platform (Quebec), was investigated using 2D radial numerical simulations with TOUGH2/ECO2N. In order to have an appropriate choice for the CO (sub 2) injection rate and the duration of injection, sensitivity analyses were carried out, considering different values of hydrodynamic, chemical-petrophysical, and geometric parameters affecting CO (sub 2) injection in a brine reservoir. The parameterization analysis for capillary pressure and relative permeability models indicated large uncertainty for this case study. Simulations took into account Becancour reservoir conditions in which the maximum pressure was limited to the fracturing pressure. The sensitivity analysis provides guidance on potential injection scenarios. To remain below fracturing pressure, intermittent 5-year injection periods can be used, with a mass injection rate up to approximately 20 kg/s, alternating with half-year periods without injection. This scenario could give maximum CO (sub 2) storage in the aquifer. CO (sub 2) storage capacities in different phases were calculated versus time. This study shows that the northeastern reservoir block of the Becancour area could host about 10 Mt CO (sub 2) , which represents 15% to 50% of regional yearly CO (sub 2) emissions during about 60 and 20 years for the case of the injection formation permeability of 0.89 X 10 (super -15) m (super 2) and 4.17 X 10 (super -15) m (super 2) , respectively. Finally, this modeling study will also be the basis for the design of a pilot CO (sub 2) injection test at the study site. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Tran Ngoc, T D AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Lefebvre, Rene AU - Malo, Michel Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 516 EP - 540 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Sussex VL - 3 IS - 6 KW - TOUGH2 KW - deep aquifers KW - contaminant plumes KW - Covey Hill Formation KW - Quebec KW - simulation KW - Cambrian KW - carbon dioxide KW - Upper Cambrian KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Saint Lawrence River KW - Potsdam Sandstone KW - saline composition KW - North America KW - Becancour Aquifer KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - Paleozoic KW - Darcy's law KW - injection KW - pollution KW - Saint Lawrence Lowlands KW - mathematical models KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - Canada KW - multiphase flow KW - theoretical models KW - Eastern Canada KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542641655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Injectivity+of+carbon+dioxide+in+the+St.+Lawrence+Platform%2C+Quebec+%28Canada%29%3B+a+sensitivity+study&rft.au=Tran+Ngoc%2C+T+D%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BLefebvre%2C+Rene%3BMalo%2C+Michel&rft.aulast=Tran+Ngoc&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=516&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=2152-3878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1387 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292152-3878 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Becancour Aquifer; Cambrian; Canada; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; computer programs; contaminant plumes; Covey Hill Formation; Darcy's law; deep aquifers; Eastern Canada; injection; mathematical models; multiphase flow; North America; numerical models; Paleozoic; permeability; pollution; Potsdam Sandstone; Quebec; Saint Lawrence Lowlands; Saint Lawrence River; saline composition; sensitivity analysis; simulation; theoretical models; TOUGH2; Upper Cambrian DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1387 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A validation of a ray-tracing tool used to generate bi-directional scattering distribution functions for complex fenestration systems AN - 1534811108; 19900022 AB - Fenestration attachments are anticipated to produce significant reductions in building energy use because they can be deployed quickly at low-cost. New software tools enable users to assess the building energy impacts of optically complex fenestration systems (CFS) such as shades, Venetian blinds, or daylighting systems. However, such tools require users to provide bi-directional scattering distribution function (BSDF) data that describe the solar-optical performance of the CFS. A free, open-source Radiance tool genBSDF enables users to generate BSDF data for arbitrary CFS. Prior to genBSDF, BSDF data for arbitrary fenestration systems could only be produced using either expensive software or with expensive equipment. genBSDF outputs CFS data in the Window 6 XML file format and so can be used with CFS-enabled software tools to model multi-layered window systems composed of glazing and shading layers. We explain the basis and use of the genBSDF tool and validate the tool by comparing results for four different cases to BSDF data produced via alternate methods. This validation demonstrates that BSDFs created with genBSDF are comparable to BSDFs generated analytically using TracePro and by measurement with a scanning goniophotometer. This tool is expected to support accelerated adoption of fenestration attachments and daylighting technologies. JF - Solar Energy AU - McNeil, A AU - Jonsson, C J AU - Appelfeld, D AU - Ward, G AU - Lee, E S AD - Building Technologies and Urban Systems Program, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 90-3111, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, amcneil@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - Dec 2013 SP - 404 EP - 414 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 98 SN - 0038-092X, 0038-092X KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534811108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Solar+Energy&rft.atitle=A+validation+of+a+ray-tracing+tool+used+to+generate+bi-directional+scattering+distribution+functions+for+complex+fenestration+systems&rft.au=McNeil%2C+A%3BJonsson%2C+C+J%3BAppelfeld%2C+D%3BWard%2C+G%3BLee%2C+E+S&rft.aulast=McNeil&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=&rft.spage=404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Solar+Energy&rft.issn=0038092X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.solener.2013.09.032 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-12 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2013.09.032 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rigorous coupling of geomechanics and multiphase flow with strong capillarity AN - 1529798515; 2014-034849 AB - We study sequential formulations for coupled multiphase flow and reservoir geomechanics. First, we identify the proper definition of effective stress in multiphase-fluid systems. Although the average pore-pressure p-defined as the sum of the product of saturation and pressure of all the fluid phases that occupy the pore space-is commonly used to describe multiphase-fluid flow in deformable porous media, it can be shown that the "equivalent" pore pressure pE-defined as p minus the interfacial energy-is the appropriate quantity (Coussy 2004). We show, by means of a fully implicit analysis of the system, that only the equivalent pore pressure pE leads to a continuum problem that is thermodynamically stable (thus, numerical discretizations on the basis of the average pore pressure p cannot render unconditionally stable and convergent schemes). We then study the convergence and stability properties of sequential-implicit coupling strategies. We show that the stability and convergence properties of sequential-implicit coupling strategies for single-phase flow carry over for multiphase systems if the equivalent pore pressure pE is used. Specifically, the undrained and fixed-stress schemes are unconditionally stable, and the fixed-stress split is superior to the undrained approach in terms of convergence rate. The findings from stability theory are verified by use of nonlinear simulations of two-phase flow in deformable reservoirs. JF - SPE Journal AU - Kim, J AU - Tchelepi, Hamdi A AU - Juanes, R Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 1123 EP - 1139 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 1086-055X, 1086-055X KW - water KW - elasticity KW - capillary pressure KW - poroelasticity KW - petroleum KW - mechanical properties KW - capillarity KW - production KW - reservoir rocks KW - fluid injection KW - pore pressure KW - movement KW - mathematical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529798515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SPE+Journal&rft.atitle=Rigorous+coupling+of+geomechanics+and+multiphase+flow+with+strong+capillarity&rft.au=Kim%2C+J%3BTchelepi%2C+Hamdi+A%3BJuanes%2C+R&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SPE+Journal&rft.issn=1086055X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.spe.org/papers/pubs/SPEjournal.php LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillarity; capillary pressure; elasticity; fluid injection; mathematical methods; mechanical properties; movement; petroleum; pore pressure; poroelasticity; production; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding the effect of single-fracture heterogeneity from single-well injection-withdrawal (SWIW) tests AN - 1510394949; 2014-019650 AB - The single-well injection-withdrawal (SWIW) tracer test is a method used to estimate the tracer retardation properties of a fracture or fracture zone. The effects of single-fracture aperture heterogeneity on SWIW-test tracer breakthrough curves are examined by numerical modelling. The effects of the matrix diffusion and sorption are accounted for by using a particle tracking method through the addition of a time delay added to the advective transport time. For a given diffusion and sorption property (P (sub m) ) value and for a heterogeneous fracture, the peak concentration is larger compared to a homogeneous fracture. The cumulative breakthrough curve for a heterogeneous fracture is similar to that for a homogeneous fracture and a less sorptive/diffusive tracer. It is demonstrated that the fracture area that meets the flowing water, the specific flow-wetted surface (sFWS) of the fracture, can be determined by matching the observed breakthrough curve for a heterogeneous fracture to that for a homogeneous fracture with an equivalent property parameter. SWIW tests are also simulated with a regional pressure gradient present. The results point to the possibility of distinguishing the effect of the regional pressure gradient from that of diffusion through the use of multiple tracers with different P (sub m) values. Copyright 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Larsson, Martin AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Niemi, Auli Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 1691 EP - 1700 PB - Springer, Berlin - Heidelberg VL - 21 IS - 8 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - sorption KW - numerical models KW - matrix KW - injection KW - simulation KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - fractures KW - transport KW - tracers KW - wettability KW - testing KW - breakthrough curves KW - particles KW - single-well injection-witdrawal tests KW - diffusivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510394949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+effect+of+single-fracture+heterogeneity+from+single-well+injection-withdrawal+%28SWIW%29+tests&rft.au=Larsson%2C+Martin%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BNiemi%2C+Auli&rft.aulast=Larsson&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10040-013-0988-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/102028/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; breakthrough curves; diffusivity; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; injection; matrix; numerical models; particles; simulation; single-well injection-witdrawal tests; solute transport; sorption; testing; tracers; transport; two-dimensional models; wettability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-013-0988-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deep hydrogeology; a discussion of issues and research needs AN - 1510394945; 2014-019649 JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Niemi, Auli Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 1687 EP - 1690 PB - Springer, Berlin - Heidelberg VL - 21 IS - 8 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - deep hydrogeology KW - deep aquifers KW - coupling KW - hydrogeology KW - fluid dynamics KW - seismic response KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - heat flow KW - chemical properties KW - chemical composition KW - meteoric water KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - magmatism KW - thermal properties KW - stress KW - prediction KW - porous materials KW - deformation KW - research KW - aquifers KW - safety KW - boreholes KW - fluid pressure KW - testing KW - risk assessment KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510394945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=Deep+hydrogeology%3B+a+discussion+of+issues+and+research+needs&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BNiemi%2C+Auli&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1687&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10040-013-0989-9 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/102028/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boreholes; chemical composition; chemical properties; coupling; deep aquifers; deep hydrogeology; deformation; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; fluid pressure; ground water; heat flow; hydrogeology; magmatism; meteoric water; permeability; porous materials; prediction; pressure; research; risk assessment; safety; seismic response; stress; temperature; testing; thermal properties; underground disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-013-0989-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Robust production of purified H sub(2) in a stable, self-regulating, and continuously operating solar fuel generator AN - 1494324448; 18913679 AB - The development of practical solar-driven electrochemical fuel generators requires the integration of light absorbing and electrochemical components into an architecture that must also provide easy separation of the product fuels. Unfortunately, many of these components are not stable under the extreme pH conditions necessary to facilitate ionic transport between redox reaction sites. By using a controlled recirculating stream across reaction sites, this work demonstrates a stable, self-regulating and continuous purified solar-hydrogen generation from near neutral pH electrolytes that yield continuous nearly pure H sub(2) streams with solar-fuel efficiencies above 6.2%. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Modestino, Miguel A AU - Walczak, Karl A AU - Berger, Alan AU - Evans, Christopher M AU - Haussener, Sophia AU - Koval, Carl AU - Newman, John S AU - Ager, Joel W AU - Segalman, Rachel A AD - Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 1 Cyclotron Road; Mail Stop 976; Berkeley; CA; 94720; USA; +1-510-642-7998; , segalman@berkeley.edu Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 297 EP - 301 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Electrolytes KW - Fuels KW - Energy KW - Electrochemistry KW - pH KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1494324448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Robust+production+of+purified+H+sub%282%29+in+a+stable%2C+self-regulating%2C+and+continuously+operating+solar+fuel+generator&rft.au=Modestino%2C+Miguel+A%3BWalczak%2C+Karl+A%3BBerger%2C+Alan%3BEvans%2C+Christopher+M%3BHaussener%2C+Sophia%3BKoval%2C+Carl%3BNewman%2C+John+S%3BAger%2C+Joel+W%3BSegalman%2C+Rachel+A&rft.aulast=Modestino&rft.aufirst=Miguel&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ee43214a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrolytes; Energy; Fuels; Electrochemistry; pH DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ee43214a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - BioPig: a Hadoop-based analytic toolkit for large-scale sequence data AN - 1492612755; 18891091 AB - Motivation: The recent revolution in sequencing technologies has led to an exponential growth of sequence data. As a result, most of the current bioinformatics tools become obsolete as they fail to scale with data. To tackle this 'data deluge', here we introduce the BioPig sequence analysis toolkit as one of the solutions that scale to data and computation.Results: We built BioPig on the Apache's Hadoop MapReduce system and the Pig data flow language. Compared with traditional serial and MPI-based algorithms, BioPig has three major advantages: first, BioPig's programmability greatly reduces development time for parallel bioinformatics applications; second, testing BioPig with up to 500 Gb sequences demonstrates that it scales automatically with size of data; and finally, BioPig can be ported without modification on many Hadoop infrastructures, as tested with Magellan system at National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center and the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud. In summary, BioPig represents a novel program framework with the potential to greatly accelerate data-intensive bioinformatics analysis. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Nordberg, Henrik AU - Bhatia, Karan AU - Wang, Kai AU - Wang, Zhong AD - super(1)Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA and super(2)Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2013/12/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Dec 01 SP - 3014 EP - 3019 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 29 IS - 23 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Clouds KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Data processing KW - Energy KW - Algorithms KW - Language KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492612755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=BioPig%3A+a+Hadoop-based+analytic+toolkit+for+large-scale+sequence+data&rft.au=Nordberg%2C+Henrik%3BBhatia%2C+Karan%3BWang%2C+Kai%3BWang%2C+Zhong&rft.aulast=Nordberg&rft.aufirst=Henrik&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=3014&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt528 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Computer programs; software; Data processing; Energy; Algorithms; Language; Bioinformatics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt528 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated profiling of three dimensional cell culture models and 3D microscopy AN - 1492611341; 18891080 AB - Motivation: Our goal is to develop a screening platform for quantitative profiling of colony organizations in 3D cell culture models. The 3D cell culture models, which are also imaged in 3D, are functional assays that mimic the in vivo characteristics of the tissue architecture more faithfully than the 2D cultures. However, they also introduce significant computational challenges, with the main barriers being the effects of growth conditions, fixations and inherent complexities in segmentation that need to be resolved in the 3D volume.Results: A segmentation strategy has been developed to delineate each nucleus in a colony that overcomes (i) the effects of growth conditions, (ii) variations in chromatin distribution and (iii) ambiguities formed by perceptual boundaries from adjacent nuclei. The strategy uses a cascade of geometric filters that are insensitive to spatial non-uniformity and partitions a clump of nuclei based on the grouping of points of maximum curvature at the interface of two neighboring nuclei. These points of maximum curvature are clustered together based on their coplanarity and proximity to define dissecting planes that separate the touching nuclei. The proposed curvature-based partitioning method is validated with both synthetic and real data, and is shown to have a superior performance against previous techniques. Validation and sensitivity analysis are coupled with the experimental design that includes a non-transformed cell line and three tumorigenic cell lines, which covers a wide range of phenotypic diversity in breast cancer. Colony profiling, derived from nuclear segmentation, reveals distinct indices for the morphogenesis of each cell line. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Bilgin, Cemal Cagatay AU - Kim, Sun AU - Leung, Elle AU - Chang, Hang AU - Parvin, Bahram AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2013/12/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Dec 01 SP - 3087 EP - 3093 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 29 IS - 23 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Chromatin KW - Growth conditions KW - Itk protein KW - Morphogenesis KW - Image processing KW - Cell culture KW - Computer applications KW - Filters KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Colonies KW - Microscopy KW - Boundaries KW - Segmentation KW - Breast cancer KW - Bioinformatics KW - Nuclei KW - Internet KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492611341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Integrated+profiling+of+three+dimensional+cell+culture+models+and+3D+microscopy&rft.au=Bilgin%2C+Cemal+Cagatay%3BKim%2C+Sun%3BLeung%2C+Elle%3BChang%2C+Hang%3BParvin%2C+Bahram&rft.aulast=Bilgin&rft.aufirst=Cemal&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=3087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt535 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Chromatin; Growth conditions; Itk protein; Morphogenesis; Image processing; Cell culture; Computer applications; Filters; Computer programs; Colonies; software; Microscopy; Segmentation; Boundaries; Breast cancer; Bioinformatics; Nuclei; Internet DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt535 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The coordination of Mg in foraminiferal calcite AN - 1492588623; 2014-007736 AB - The Mg/Ca ratio of foraminiferal calcite is a widely accepted and applied empirical proxy for ocean temperature. The analysis of foraminifera preserved in ocean sediments has been instrumental in developing our understanding of global climate, but the mechanisms behind the proxy are largely unknown. Analogies have been drawn to the inorganic precipitation of calcite, where the endothermic substitution of Mg for Ca is favoured at higher temperatures. However, evidence suggests that foraminiferal Mg incorporation may be more complex: foraminiferal magnesium is highly heterogeneous at the sub-micron scale, and high Mg areas coincide with elevated concentrations of organic molecules, Na, S and other trace elements. Fundamentally, the incorporation mode of Mg in foraminifera is unknown. Here we show that Mg is uniformly substituted for Ca within the calcite mineral lattice. The consistency of Mg-specific X-ray spectra gathered from nano-scale regions across the shell ('test') reveals that the coordination of Mg is uniform. The similarity of these spectra to that produced by dolomite shows that Mg is present in an octahedral coordination, ideally substituted for Ca in a calcite crystal structure. This demonstrates that Mg is heterogeneous in concentration, but not in structure. The degree of this uniformity implies the action of a continuous Mg incorporation mechanism, and therefore calcification mechanism, across these compositional bands in foraminifera. This constitutes a fundamental step towards a mechanistic understanding of foraminiferal calcification processes and the incorporation of calcite-bound palaeoenvironment proxies, such as Mg. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Branson, Oscar AU - Redfern, Simon A T AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Sadekov, Aleksey AU - Langer, Gerald AU - Kimoto, Katsunori AU - Elderfield, Henry Y1 - 2013/12/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Dec 01 SP - 134 EP - 141 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 383 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - geologic thermometry KW - lattice KW - substitution KW - crystal structure KW - paleoclimatology KW - synchrotron radiation KW - Foraminifera KW - dolomite KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - spectra KW - heterogeneity KW - biomineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Protista KW - modern analogs KW - XAFS spectra KW - calcification KW - X-ray spectra KW - Mg/Ca KW - calcite KW - paleoenvironment KW - metals KW - carbonates KW - 10:Invertebrate paleontology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492588623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=The+coordination+of+Mg+in+foraminiferal+calcite&rft.au=Branson%2C+Oscar%3BRedfern%2C+Simon+A+T%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BSadekov%2C+Aleksey%3BLanger%2C+Gerald%3BKimoto%2C+Katsunori%3BElderfield%2C+Henry&rft.aulast=Branson&rft.aufirst=Oscar&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=383&rft.issue=&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2013.09.037 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; biomineralization; calcification; calcite; calcium; carbonates; crystal structure; dolomite; Foraminifera; geologic thermometry; heterogeneity; Invertebrata; lattice; magnesium; marine sediments; metals; Mg/Ca; modern analogs; paleoclimatology; paleoenvironment; Protista; sediments; spectra; substitution; synchrotron radiation; X-ray spectra; XAFS spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.09.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association of classroom ventilation with reduced illness absence: a prospective study in California elementary schools AN - 1475524290; 18830888 AB - Limited evidence associates inadequate classroom ventilation rates (VRs) with increased illness absence (IA). We investigated relationships between VRs and IA in California elementary schools over two school years in 162 3rd-5th-grade classrooms in 28 schools in three school districts: South Coast (SC), Bay Area (BA), and Central Valley (CV). We estimated relationships between daily IA and VR (estimated from two year daily real-time carbon dioxide in each classroom) in zero-inflated negative binomial models. We also compared IA benefits and energy costs of increased VRs. All school districts had median VRs below the 7.1 l/s-person California standard. For each additional 1 l/s-person of VR, IA was reduced significantly (p<0.05) in models for combined districts (-1.6%) and for SC (-1.2%), and nonsignificantly for districts providing less data: BA (-1.5%) and CV (-1.0%). Assuming associations were causal and generalizable, increasing classroom VRs from the California average (4 l/s-person) to the State standard would decrease IA by 3.4%, increase attendance-linked funding to schools by $33 million annually, and increase costs by only $4 million. Further increasing VRs would provide additional benefits. These findings, while requiring confirmation, suggest that increasing classroom VRs above the State standard would substantially decrease illness absence and produce economic benefits. JF - Indoor Air AU - Mendell, MJ AU - Eliseeva, E A AU - Davies, M M AU - Spears, M AU - Lobscheid, A AU - Fisk, W J AU - Apte, M G AD - Indoor Environment Group Environmental Energy Technologies Division. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - Dec 2013 SP - 515 EP - 528 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 23 IS - 6 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Coastal zone KW - Schools KW - Ventilation KW - INE, USA, California KW - Energy KW - Economics KW - Indoor environments KW - Carbon dioxide KW - USA, California, Central Valley KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475524290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Association+of+classroom+ventilation+with+reduced+illness+absence%3A+a+prospective+study+in+California+elementary+schools&rft.au=Mendell%2C+MJ%3BEliseeva%2C+E+A%3BDavies%2C+M+M%3BSpears%2C+M%3BLobscheid%2C+A%3BFisk%2C+W+J%3BApte%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Mendell&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fina.12042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coastal zone; Schools; Ventilation; Energy; Economics; Carbon dioxide; Indoor environments; INE, USA, California; USA, California, Central Valley DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ina.12042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observed Scaling in Clouds and Precipitation and Scale Incognizance in Regional to Global Atmospheric Models AN - 1468354282; 18851632 AB - Observations of robust scaling behavior in clouds and precipitation are used to derive constraints on how partitioning of precipitation should change with model resolution. Analysis indicates that 90%-99% of stratiform precipitation should occur in clouds that are resolvable by contemporary climate models (e.g., with 200-km or finer grid spacing). Furthermore, this resolved fraction of stratiform precipitation should increase sharply with resolution, such that effectively all stratiform precipitation should be resolvable above scales of similar to 50 km. It is shown that the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) and the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) also exhibit the robust cloud and precipitation scaling behavior that is present in observations, yet the resolved fraction of stratiform precipitation actually decreases with increasing model resolution. A suite of experiments with multiple dynamical cores provides strong evidence that this scale-incognizant behavior originates in one of the CAM4 parameterizations. An additional set of sensitivity experiments rules out both convection parameterizations, and by a process of elimination these results implicate the stratiform cloud and precipitation parameterization. Tests with the CAM5 physics package show improvements in the resolution dependence of resolved cloud fraction and resolved stratiform precipitation fraction. JF - Journal of Climate AU - O'Brien, Travis A AU - Li, Fuyu AU - Collins, William D AU - Rauscher, Sara A AU - Ringler, Todd D AU - Taylor, Mark AU - Hagos, Samson M AU - Leung, LRuby AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - Dec 2013 SP - 9313 EP - 9333 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 26 IS - 23 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Convection KW - Convection development KW - Atmospheric models KW - Forecasting KW - Weather forecasting KW - Modelling KW - Weather KW - Stratiform clouds and precipitation KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - Clouds KW - Behavior KW - Scaling KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1468354282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Observed+Scaling+in+Clouds+and+Precipitation+and+Scale+Incognizance+in+Regional+to+Global+Atmospheric+Models&rft.au=O%27Brien%2C+Travis+A%3BLi%2C+Fuyu%3BCollins%2C+William+D%3BRauscher%2C+Sara+A%3BRingler%2C+Todd+D%3BTaylor%2C+Mark%3BHagos%2C+Samson+M%3BLeung%2C+LRuby&rft.aulast=O%27Brien&rft.aufirst=Travis&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=9313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-13-00005.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Prediction; Clouds; Weather forecasting; Modelling; Stratiform clouds and precipitation; Climate models; Convection development; Precipitation; Atmospheric models; Weather; Behavior; Climates; Forecasting; Scaling; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00005.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron valence state of fine-grained material from the Jupiter family comet 81P/Wild 2; a coordinated TEM/STEM EDS/STXM study AN - 1464887159; 2013-093490 AB - The oxidation state of transition metal elements is an indicator of the environmental conditions during formation and history of extraterrestrial materials. We studied the iron valence state of fine-grained material from a bulbous track extracted from the Stardust cometary collector. It likely originated from primitive material of the comet Wild 2. We used synchrotron-based Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM) to collect Fe L (sub 3) -XANES spectra at a spatial resolution of about 20 nm. Maps of Fe valence state were combined with the elemental maps recorded by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), on the same areas and with a comparable electron probe size (5-20 nm). As for most Stardust fine-grained material, the samples are severely damaged by the hypervelocity impact in the aerogel collector blocks. They show of a wide range of oxidation state at a micrometer scale, from Fe metal to Fe (super 3+) . This heterogeneity of oxidation state can be due to the extreme conditions of the collection. Two major parameters can favor changes in redox state. The first is the high temperature regime, known to be highly heterogeneous and to have locally reached extreme values (up to 2000K). The second is the local chemical environment. It may contain elements that could favor a reduction or oxidation reaction within the flash-heated Wild 2 fragments. Comparison of maps by STXM and EDS shows evidence for several correlation trends between element concentrations and the iron valence state. These observations, together with the study of a melted rim of a larger particle, suggest that the redox state was not completely redistributed within the impact melts. These local signatures are compatible with precursors that could have been close to primitive matrix material of chondrites or to chondritic interplanetary dust particles. On average, the fine-grained material from Wild 2 displays a molar fraction (Fe (super 2+) (sub oxide) +Fe (super 3+) (sub oxide) )/(total Fe) equal to 0.80+ or -0.10. It appears more oxidized than the average value measured for the comet, when done on larger particles (Westphal et al., 2009). This fine-grained material from Wild 2 does not seem to have sampled reducing environments in the solar nebulae in contrast with the larger particles of Wild 2. This observation confirms the high degree of diversity of materials in Wild 2 and is in good agreement with the dual distribution of high temperature minerals and matrices in carbonaceous chondrites. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Stodolna, Julien AU - Gainsforth, Zack AU - Leroux, Hugues AU - Butterworth, Anna L AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Jacob, Damien AU - Westphal, Andrew J Y1 - 2013/12/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Dec 01 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 122 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - stony meteorites KW - Jupiter KW - data processing KW - scanning transmission X-ray microscopy KW - iron KW - giant planets KW - XANES spectra KW - meteorites KW - STXM KW - 81P/Wild 2 Comet KW - valency KW - spectra KW - outer planets KW - chondrites KW - chemical composition KW - Stardust Mission KW - textures KW - damage KW - cosmochemistry KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - impacts KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - planets KW - comets KW - metals KW - fine-grained materials KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464887159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Iron+valence+state+of+fine-grained+material+from+the+Jupiter+family+comet+81P%2FWild+2%3B+a+coordinated+TEM%2FSTEM+EDS%2FSTXM+study&rft.au=Stodolna%2C+Julien%3BGainsforth%2C+Zack%3BLeroux%2C+Hugues%3BButterworth%2C+Anna+L%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BJacob%2C+Damien%3BWestphal%2C+Andrew+J&rft.aulast=Stodolna&rft.aufirst=Julien&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.08.006 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 95 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 81P/Wild 2 Comet; carbonaceous chondrites; chemical composition; chondrites; comets; cosmochemistry; damage; data processing; fine-grained materials; giant planets; impacts; iron; Jupiter; metals; meteorites; outer planets; planets; scanning transmission X-ray microscopy; spectra; Stardust Mission; stony meteorites; STXM; TEM data; textures; valency; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.08.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ca, Sr, O and D isotope approach to defining the chemical evolution of hydrothermal fluids; example from Long Valley, CA, USA AN - 1464887116; 2013-093502 AB - We present chemical and isotopic data for fluids, minerals and rocks from the Long Valley meteoric-hydrothermal system. The samples encompass the presumed hydrothermal upwelling zone in the west moat of the caldera, the Casa Diablo geothermal field, and a series of wells defining a nearly linear, approximately 16 km long, west-to-east trend along the likely fluid flow path. Fluid samples were analyzed for the isotopes of water, Sr, and Ca, the concentrations of major cations and anions, alkalinity, and total CO (sub 2) . Water isotope data conform to trends documented in earlier studies, interpreted as indicating a single hydrothermal fluid mixing with local groundwater. Sr isotopes show subtle changes along the flow path, which requires rapid fluid flow and minimal reaction between the channelized fluids and the wallrocks. Sr and O isotopes are used to calculate fracture spacing using a dual porosity model. Calculated fracture spacing and temperature data for hydrothermal fluids indicate the system is (approximately) at steady-state. Correlated variations among total CO (sub 2) , and the concentration and isotopic composition of Ca suggest progressive fluid degassing (loss of CO (sub 2) ), which drives calcite precipitation as the fluid flows west-to-east and cools. The shifts in Ca isotopes require that calcite precipitated at temperatures of 150-180 degrees C is fractionated by ca. -0.3 ppm to -0.5 ppm relative to aqueous species. Our data are the first evidence that Ca isotopes undergo kinetic fractionation at high temperatures (>100 degrees C) and can be used to trace calcite precipitation along hydrothermal fluid flow paths. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Hurwitz, Shaul AU - Evans, William C Y1 - 2013/12/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Dec 01 SP - 209 EP - 225 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 122 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - fluid phase KW - Casa Diablo KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - California KW - mixing KW - tracers KW - deuterium KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Mono County California KW - hydrochemistry KW - Long Valley Caldera KW - thermal waters KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - calcite KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - carbonates KW - strontium KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464887116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Ca%2C+Sr%2C+O+and+D+isotope+approach+to+defining+the+chemical+evolution+of+hydrothermal+fluids%3B+example+from+Long+Valley%2C+CA%2C+USA&rft.au=Brown%2C+Shaun+T%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BHurwitz%2C+Shaul%3BEvans%2C+William+C&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Shaun&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.08.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 91 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcite; calcium; California; carbon dioxide; carbonates; Casa Diablo; deuterium; fluid phase; geochemistry; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; hydrothermal conditions; isotopes; Long Valley Caldera; metals; mixing; Mono County California; oxygen; pH; precipitation; stable isotopes; strontium; thermal waters; tracers; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.08.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-repair capacity assessment of shallow aquifer under natural condition after the carbon dioxide leakage stopped AN - 1832596242; 726117-28 AB - Because of the unknown faults, fractures in the cap rock, the deep stored CO (sub 2) may move upward, the intrusion will impact shallow groundwater quality. After the leakage stopped, the affected aquifer may show self-repair capacity under the natural flow field. In this study, an injection test field was selected as example, and the reactive transport modeling software TOUGHREACT was used to simulate the self-repair capacity. The simulation results showed that, the intrusion of leaked CO (sub 2) would decrease the pH of target aquifer, and trigger the dissolution of carbonate minerals. After the leakage stopped, the pH would be increased under natural conditions, but the concentration of Ca would increased because of the dissolution of calcite along the flow path, which means the self-repair capacity of target aquifer is not good enough to scavenge the impacts of CO (sub 2) leakage. JF - Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Diqiu Kexue Ban) = Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition) AU - Du, Shanghai AU - Su, Xiaosi AU - Zheng, Liange Y1 - 2013/11/26/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 26 SP - 1980 EP - 1986 PB - Jilin University Press, Changchun VL - 43 IS - 6 SN - 1671-5888, 1671-5888 KW - water quality KW - numerical models KW - shallow aquifers KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832596242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jilin+Daxue+Xuebao+%28Diqiu+Kexue+Ban%29+%3D+Journal+of+Jilin+University+%28Earth+Science+Edition%29&rft.atitle=Self-repair+capacity+assessment+of+shallow+aquifer+under+natural+condition+after+the+carbon+dioxide+leakage+stopped&rft.au=Du%2C+Shanghai%3BSu%2C+Xiaosi%3BZheng%2C+Liange&rft.aulast=Du&rft.aufirst=Shanghai&rft.date=2013-11-26&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1980&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Jilin+Daxue+Xuebao+%28Diqiu+Kexue+Ban%29+%3D+Journal+of+Jilin+University+%28Earth+Science+Edition%29&rft.issn=16715888&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbon dioxide; ground water; numerical models; remediation; seepage; shallow aquifers; simulation; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamics of basaltic glass dissolution; capturing microscopic effects in continuum scale models AN - 1464892163; 2013-091191 AB - The method of 'multiple interacting continua' (MINC) was applied to include microscopic rate-limiting processes in continuum scale reactive transport models of basaltic glass dissolution. The MINC method involves dividing the system up to ambient fluid and grains, using a specific surface area to describe the interface between the two. The various grains and regions within grains can then be described by dividing them into continua separated by dividing surfaces. Millions of grains can thus be considered within the method without the need to explicity discretizing them. Four continua were used for describing a dissolving basaltic glass grain; the first one describes the ambient fluid around the grain, while the second, third and fourth continuum refer to a diffusive leached layer, the dissolving part of the grain and the inert part of the grain, respectively. The model was validated using the TOUGHREACT simulator and data from column flow through experiments of basaltic glass dissolution at low, neutral and high pH values. Successful reactive transport simulations of the experiments and overall adequate agreement between measured and simulated values provides validation that the MINC approach can be applied for incorporating microscopic effects in continuum scale basaltic glass dissolution models. Equivalent models can be used when simulating dissolution and alteration of other minerals. The study provides an example of how numerical modeling and experimental work can be combined to enhance understanding of mechanisms associated with basaltic glass dissolution. Column outlet concentrations indicated basaltic glass to dissolve stoichiometrically at pH 3. Predictive simulations with the developed MINC model indicated significant precipitation of secondary minerals within the column at neutral and high pH, explaining observed non-stoichiometric outlet concentrations at these pH levels. Clay, zeolite and hydroxide precipitation was predicted to be most abundant within the column. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Aradottir, E S P AU - Sigfusson, B AU - Sonnenthal, E L AU - Bjornsson, G AU - Jonsson, H Y1 - 2013/11/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 15 SP - 311 EP - 327 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 121 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - volcanic rocks KW - glasses KW - textures KW - igneous rocks KW - prediction KW - solution KW - simulation KW - models KW - hydroxides KW - mineral composition KW - precipitation KW - microscope methods KW - mathematical methods KW - oxides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical composition KW - basaltic composition KW - kinetics KW - SEM data KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464892163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Dynamics+of+basaltic+glass+dissolution%3B+capturing+microscopic+effects+in+continuum+scale+models&rft.au=Aradottir%2C+E+S+P%3BSigfusson%2C+B%3BSonnenthal%2C+E+L%3BBjornsson%2C+G%3BJonsson%2C+H&rft.aulast=Aradottir&rft.aufirst=E+S&rft.date=2013-11-15&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.04.031 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basaltic composition; chemical composition; crystal chemistry; experimental studies; glasses; hydroxides; igneous rocks; kinetics; mathematical methods; microscope methods; mineral composition; models; oxides; pH; precipitation; prediction; SEM data; silicates; simulation; solution; textures; thermodynamic properties; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.04.031 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effect of External Vibrations On Non-Isothermal Ice-Nucleation Rates T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1492587197; 6250975 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Dursch Jr, Thomas AU - Trigub, Gregory AU - Liu, Jianfeng AU - Radke, Clayton AU - Weber, Adam Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Vibration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492587197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+External+Vibrations+On+Non-Isothermal+Ice-Nucleation+Rates&rft.au=Dursch+Jr%2C+Thomas%3BTrigub%2C+Gregory%3BLiu%2C+Jianfeng%3BRadke%2C+Clayton%3BWeber%2C+Adam&rft.aulast=Dursch+Jr&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Revealing Atomic Restructuring of Co-Based Nanocatalysts During Reactions T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490520005; 6253776 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Zheng, Haimei Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490520005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Revealing+Atomic+Restructuring+of+Co-Based+Nanocatalysts+During+Reactions&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Haimei&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Haimei&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Inline Rheometry to Identify Mass Transfer Issues in Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Biomass At High Solids Concentration T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490519578; 6253811 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Tanjore, Deepti AU - Wong, Jessica AU - Li, Chenlin AU - Gardner, James AU - Baez, Julio Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Biomass UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490519578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Inline+Rheometry+to+Identify+Mass+Transfer+Issues+in+Enzymatic+Hydrolysis+of+Biomass+At+High+Solids+Concentration&rft.au=Tanjore%2C+Deepti%3BWong%2C+Jessica%3BLi%2C+Chenlin%3BGardner%2C+James%3BBaez%2C+Julio&rft.aulast=Tanjore&rft.aufirst=Deepti&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Producing Biofuels From H2/CO2 By Metabolic Engineering of Ralstonia Eutropha T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490516296; 6249844 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Singer, Steven Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Fuel technology KW - Ralstonia eutropha UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490516296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Producing+Biofuels+From+H2%2FCO2+By+Metabolic+Engineering+of+Ralstonia+Eutropha&rft.au=Singer%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Insights Into Ionic Liquids Pretreatment On Lignocellulosic Biomass From Molecular Modeling Studies T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490514060; 6252251 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan AU - Shi, Jian AU - Sun, Ning AU - Sale, Kenneth AU - Simmons, Blake AU - Singh, Seema Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Biomass UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490514060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Insights+Into+Ionic+Liquids+Pretreatment+On+Lignocellulosic+Biomass+From+Molecular+Modeling+Studies&rft.au=Parthasarathi%2C+Ramakrishnan%3BShi%2C+Jian%3BSun%2C+Ning%3BSale%2C+Kenneth%3BSimmons%2C+Blake%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Parthasarathi&rft.aufirst=Ramakrishnan&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Monolithic Columns in Thin Layer Format for TLC-MS Separations T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490513729; 6252504 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Lamprou, Alexandros AU - Lin, Zhixing AU - Lu, Yongqin AU - Svec, Frantisek Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490513729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Monolithic+Columns+in+Thin+Layer+Format+for+TLC-MS+Separations&rft.au=Lamprou%2C+Alexandros%3BLin%2C+Zhixing%3BLu%2C+Yongqin%3BSvec%2C+Frantisek&rft.aulast=Lamprou&rft.aufirst=Alexandros&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development and Comparative Performance of Density Functionals That Correctly and Efficiently Treat Long-Range Correlations T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490513636; 6250437 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Head-Gordon, Martin Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490513636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Development+and+Comparative+Performance+of+Density+Functionals+That+Correctly+and+Efficiently+Treat+Long-Range+Correlations&rft.au=Head-Gordon%2C+Martin&rft.aulast=Head-Gordon&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Scale-Up of Fermentation Process for Production of Bisabolene, a Novel Advanced Biofuel Precursor T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490513201; 6250093 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Sandoval, Lucas AU - Tachea, Firehiwot AU - Wong, Jessica AU - Mitra, Debjani AU - Burd, Helcio AU - Ozaydin, Bilge AU - Murray, Gregory AU - Kambam, Pavan AU - Gardner, James AU - Baez, Julio AU - Keasling, Jay AU - Lee, Taek Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Fermentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490513201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Scale-Up+of+Fermentation+Process+for+Production+of+Bisabolene%2C+a+Novel+Advanced+Biofuel+Precursor&rft.au=Sandoval%2C+Lucas%3BTachea%2C+Firehiwot%3BWong%2C+Jessica%3BMitra%2C+Debjani%3BBurd%2C+Helcio%3BOzaydin%2C+Bilge%3BMurray%2C+Gregory%3BKambam%2C+Pavan%3BGardner%2C+James%3BBaez%2C+Julio%3BKeasling%2C+Jay%3BLee%2C+Taek&rft.aulast=Sandoval&rft.aufirst=Lucas&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Manipulation of P3AT Crystallization Behavior T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490513106; 6251091 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Beckingham, Bryan AU - Ho, Victor AU - Segalman, Rachel Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Crystallization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490513106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Manipulation+of+P3AT+Crystallization+Behavior&rft.au=Beckingham%2C+Bryan%3BHo%2C+Victor%3BSegalman%2C+Rachel&rft.aulast=Beckingham&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Scale-Up Evaluation of Ionic Liquid Based Sugar Production At High Solid Loading T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490510445; 6251238 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Li, Chenlin AU - Tanjore, Deepti AU - Wong, Jessica AU - He, Wei AU - Gardner, James AU - Sale, Kenneth AU - Baez, Julio AU - Simmons, Blake AU - Singh, Seema Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Sugar UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490510445?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Scale-Up+Evaluation+of+Ionic+Liquid+Based+Sugar+Production+At+High+Solid+Loading&rft.au=Li%2C+Chenlin%3BTanjore%2C+Deepti%3BWong%2C+Jessica%3BHe%2C+Wei%3BGardner%2C+James%3BSale%2C+Kenneth%3BBaez%2C+Julio%3BSimmons%2C+Blake%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Chenlin&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Beyond Ethanol: Advanced Biofuels R&D At the Joint Bioenergy Institute T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490509723; 6250408 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Simmons, Blake Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Ethanol UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Beyond+Ethanol%3A+Advanced+Biofuels+R%26amp%3BD+At+the+Joint+Bioenergy+Institute&rft.au=Simmons%2C+Blake&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Blake&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Predicting Kamlet-Taft Parameters Using Quantum Chemical Descriptors T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490509702; 6250051 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Ramakrishnan, Parthasarathi Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Predicting+Kamlet-Taft+Parameters+Using+Quantum+Chemical+Descriptors&rft.au=Ramakrishnan%2C+Parthasarathi&rft.aulast=Ramakrishnan&rft.aufirst=Parthasarathi&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Targeted Proteomics for the Optimization of Biofuel Pathways in E. Coli T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490509514; 6250049 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Petzold, Chris Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Fuel technology KW - Escherichia coli UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Targeted+Proteomics+for+the+Optimization+of+Biofuel+Pathways+in+E.+Coli&rft.au=Petzold%2C+Chris&rft.aulast=Petzold&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Engineering of Bacterial Methyl Ketone Synthesis for Biofuels: Recent Advances T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490509498; 6250410 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Beller, Harry AU - Goh, Ee-Been Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Ketones UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Engineering+of+Bacterial+Methyl+Ketone+Synthesis+for+Biofuels%3A+Recent+Advances&rft.au=Beller%2C+Harry%3BGoh%2C+Ee-Been&rft.aulast=Beller&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Increasing C6 Cell Wall Sugar Content By Engineering the Accumulation of a Low Recalcitrance Polysaccharide in Plants T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490509320; 6250050 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Vega-Sanchez, Miguel Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Cell walls UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Increasing+C6+Cell+Wall+Sugar+Content+By+Engineering+the+Accumulation+of+a+Low+Recalcitrance+Polysaccharide+in+Plants&rft.au=Vega-Sanchez%2C+Miguel&rft.aulast=Vega-Sanchez&rft.aufirst=Miguel&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Understanding Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass With Ionic Liquid-Water Mixtures T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490508834; 6252568 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Shi, Jian AU - Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Zhang, Sonny AU - Stavila, Vitalie AU - Simmons, Blake AU - Singh, Seema Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Biomass UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490508834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Understanding+Pretreatment+of+Lignocellulosic+Biomass+With+Ionic+Liquid-Water+Mixtures&rft.au=Shi%2C+Jian%3BParthasarathi%2C+Ramakrishnan%3BSathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BZhang%2C+Sonny%3BStavila%2C+Vitalie%3BSimmons%2C+Blake%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cost-Efficient Ionic Liquid and Water Mixtures for Biomass Dissolution T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490506228; 6251856 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - George, Anthe AU - Tran, Kim AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Sun, Ning AU - Dowell, Niall AU - Singh, Seema AU - Simmons, Blake AU - Welton, Tom AU - Hallett, Jason Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Biomass UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490506228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Cost-Efficient+Ionic+Liquid+and+Water+Mixtures+for+Biomass+Dissolution&rft.au=George%2C+Anthe%3BTran%2C+Kim%3BSathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BSun%2C+Ning%3BDowell%2C+Niall%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSimmons%2C+Blake%3BWelton%2C+Tom%3BHallett%2C+Jason&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=Anthe&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Techno-Economic Evaluation of Lignocellulosic Biofuels As a Function of Pretreatment Technology T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490503147; 6250876 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Murthy Konda, N AU - Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel AU - Simmons, Blake AU - Blanch, Harvey Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Fuel technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490503147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Techno-Economic+Evaluation+of+Lignocellulosic+Biofuels+As+a+Function+of+Pretreatment+Technology&rft.au=Murthy+Konda%2C+N%3BKlein-Marcuschamer%2C+Daniel%3BSimmons%2C+Blake%3BBlanch%2C+Harvey&rft.aulast=Murthy+Konda&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Investigation of the Fate of Switchgrass Lignin Chemical Structures During Ammonia Fiber Expansion, Soaking in Aqueous Ammonia, Dilute Acid, and Ionic Liquid Pretreatment T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490502754; 6252989 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Sun, Ning AU - Shi, Jian AU - Canlas, Chris AU - Tucker, Melvin AU - Li, Kang AU - Dale, Bruce AU - Himmel, Michael AU - Singh, Seema AU - Simmons, Blake AU - George, Anthe Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Ammonia UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490502754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+the+Fate+of+Switchgrass+Lignin+Chemical+Structures+During+Ammonia+Fiber+Expansion%2C+Soaking+in+Aqueous+Ammonia%2C+Dilute+Acid%2C+and+Ionic+Liquid+Pretreatment&rft.au=Sathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BSun%2C+Ning%3BShi%2C+Jian%3BCanlas%2C+Chris%3BTucker%2C+Melvin%3BLi%2C+Kang%3BDale%2C+Bruce%3BHimmel%2C+Michael%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSimmons%2C+Blake%3BGeorge%2C+Anthe&rft.aulast=Sathitsuksanoh&rft.aufirst=Noppadon&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A fractal-based model for fracture deformation under shearing and compression AN - 1832615958; 723664-13 AB - This study presents an improved model for calculating mechanical deformation of individual fractures subject to shearing and compression processes. Considering that the fracture-surface roughness can be characterized by fractals, a relationship between asperity angle and size of a fracture with fractal surfaces is derived. In addition, plastic work is employed to account for the effects of fracture-asperity degradation during the shearing process. Based on these developments, a scale-dependent relationship between shear stress and displacement is proposed, and also a formulation to calculate fracture aperture during shearing and compression processes is developed, by relating normal displacement to shear displacement for fractal surfaces. The usefulness of this model is demonstrated by agreements between calculated results and observations from laboratory experiments under different test conditions. Copyright 2013 Springer-Verlag Wien JF - Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering AU - Wei, Mingyao AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Li, Lian-Chong AU - Wang, Enyuan Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - November 2013 SP - 1539 EP - 1549 PB - Springer-Verlag, Vienna - New York VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0723-2632, 0723-2632 KW - scale factor KW - fractures KW - shear strain KW - dilation KW - deformation KW - compression KW - fracture propagation KW - fractals KW - rock mechanics KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832615958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.atitle=A+fractal-based+model+for+fracture+deformation+under+shearing+and+compression&rft.au=Wei%2C+Mingyao%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BLi%2C+Lian-Chong%3BWang%2C+Enyuan&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=Mingyao&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.issn=07232632&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00603-013-0367-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101578/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - RMREDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - compression; deformation; dilation; fractals; fracture propagation; fractures; rock mechanics; scale factor; shear strain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-013-0367-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of fluid-rock chemical interactions on tracer transport in fractured rocks AN - 1800393018; 2016-054632 AB - In this paper, we investigate the impact of chemical interactions, in the form of mineral precipitation and dissolution reactions, on tracer transport in fractured rocks. When a tracer is introduced in fractured rocks, it moves through the fracture primarily by advection and it also enters the stagnant water of the surrounding rock matrix through diffusion. Inside the porous rock matrix, the tracer chemically interacts with the solid materials of the rock, where it can precipitate depending on the local equilibrium conditions. Alternatively, it can be dissolved from the solid phase of the rock matrix into the matrix pore water, diffuse into the flowing fluids of the fracture and is advected out of it. We show that such chemical interactions between the fluid and solid phases have significant impact on tracer transport in fractured rocks. We invoke the dual-porosity conceptualization to represent the fractured rocks and develop a semi-analytical solution to describe the transient transport of tracers in interacting fluid-rock systems. To test the accuracy and stability of the semi-analytical solution, we compare it with simulation results obtained with the TOUGHREACT simulator. We observe that, in a chemically interacting system, the tracer breakthrough curve exhibits a pseudo-steady state, where the tracer concentration remains more or less constant over a finite period of time. Such a pseudo-steady condition is not observed in a non-reactive fluid-rock system. We show that the duration of the pseudo-state depends on the physical and chemical parameters of the system, and can be exploited to extract information about the fractured rock system, such as the fracture spacing and fracture-matrix interface area. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Mukhopadhyay, Sumit AU - Liu, H H AU - Spycher, N AU - Kennedy, B M Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - November 2013 SP - 42 EP - 52 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 154 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - diffusion KW - pollutants KW - numerical analysis KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - phase equilibria KW - sensitivity analysis KW - mathematical methods KW - tracers KW - theoretical models KW - TOUGHREACT KW - reservoir properties KW - water pollution KW - pore water KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800393018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Impact+of+fluid-rock+chemical+interactions+on+tracer+transport+in+fractured+rocks&rft.au=Mukhopadhyay%2C+Sumit%3BLiu%2C+H+H%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BKennedy%2C+B+M&rft.aulast=Mukhopadhyay&rft.aufirst=Sumit&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2013.08.008 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; diffusion; fractured materials; ground water; mathematical methods; models; numerical analysis; phase equilibria; pollutants; pollution; pore water; porosity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sensitivity analysis; simulation; solute transport; theoretical models; TOUGHREACT; tracers; transport; water pollution; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.08.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial distributions detected by an oligonucleotide microarray across geochemical zones associated with methane in marine sediments from the Ulleung Basin AN - 1689589941; 2015-056124 AB - The biogeochemical processes that occur in marine sediments on continental margins are complex; however, from one perspective they can be considered with respect to three geochemical zones based on the presence and form of methane: sulfate-methane transition (SMTZ), gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), and free gas zone (FGZ). These geochemical zones may harbor distinct microbial communities that are important in biogeochemical carbon cycles. The objective of this study was to describe the microbial communities in sediments from the SMTZ, GHSZ, and FGZ using molecular ecology methods (i.e. PhyloChip microarray analysis and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP)) and examining the results in the context of non-biological parameters in the sediments. Non-metric multidimensional scaling and multi-response permutation procedures were used to determine whether microbial community compositions were significantly different in the three geochemical zones and to correlate samples with abiotic characteristics of the sediments. This analysis indicated that microbial communities from all three zones were distinct from one another and that variables such as sulfate concentration, hydrate saturation of the nearest gas hydrate layer, and depth (or unmeasured variables associated with depth e.g. temperature, pressure) were correlated to differences between the three zones. The archaeal anaerobic methanotrophs typically attributed to performing anaerobic oxidation of methane were not detected in the SMTZ; however, the marine benthic group-B, which is often found in SMTZ, was detected. Within the GHSZ, samples that were typically closer to layers that contained higher hydrate saturation had indicator sequences related to Vibrio-type taxa. These results suggest that the biogeographic patterns of microbial communities in marine sediments are distinct based on geochemical zones defined by methane. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Marine and Petroleum Geology AU - Briggs, Brandon R AU - Graw, Michael AU - Brodie, Eoin L AU - Bahk, Jang-Jun AU - Kim, Sung-Han AU - Hyun, Jung-Ho AU - Kim, Ji-Hoon AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Colwell, Frederick S Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - November 2013 SP - 147 EP - 154 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 47 SN - 0264-8172, 0264-8172 KW - Japan Sea KW - communities KW - gas hydrates KW - Archaea KW - genes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - cores KW - West Pacific KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - Northwest Pacific KW - Ulleung Basin KW - methane KW - geomicrobiology KW - statistical analysis KW - alkanes KW - genetics KW - organic compounds KW - nucleic acids KW - boreholes KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - DNA KW - microorganisms KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689589941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+and+Petroleum+Geology&rft.atitle=Microbial+distributions+detected+by+an+oligonucleotide+microarray+across+geochemical+zones+associated+with+methane+in+marine+sediments+from+the+Ulleung+Basin&rft.au=Briggs%2C+Brandon+R%3BGraw%2C+Michael%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin+L%3BBahk%2C+Jang-Jun%3BKim%2C+Sung-Han%3BHyun%2C+Jung-Ho%3BKim%2C+Ji-Hoon%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BColwell%2C+Frederick+S&rft.aulast=Briggs&rft.aufirst=Brandon&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+and+Petroleum+Geology&rft.issn=02648172&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.marpetgeo.2013.02.015 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02648172 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Archaea; bacteria; boreholes; communities; cores; DNA; ecology; gas hydrates; genes; genetics; geomicrobiology; hydrocarbons; Japan Sea; marine sediments; methane; microorganisms; North Pacific; Northwest Pacific; nucleic acids; organic compounds; Pacific Ocean; sediments; statistical analysis; Ulleung Basin; West Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.02.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO sub(2)/N sub(2) separations with mixed-matrix membranes containing Mg sub(2)(dobdc) nanocrystals AN - 1618151749; 20845050 AB - Nanocrystals of M sub(2)(dobdc) (M = Mg, Ni, Zn; dobdc super(4-) = 1,4-dioxido-2,5-benzenedicarboxylate), also known as M-MOF-74 or CPO-27-M, with diameters of similar to 100 nm or less were synthesized using a room-temperature reaction of 2 h duration. Adsorption data collected for CO sub(2) and N sub(2) show slightly lower surface areas but similar adsorption selectivites relative to the bulk materials. High-quality mixed-matrix membranes containing Mg sub(2)(dobdc) nanocrystals were fabricated using three different polymers for testing under conditions relevant to the removal of CO sub(2) from flue gas. Significant enhancements in CO sub(2) permeability and CO sub(2)/N sub(2) selectivity over a pure polymer membrane were observed when a glassy polyimide was employed as the matrix, while membranes made with rubbery polymers showed decreased permeabilities, presumably due to the plugging of Mg sub(2)(dobdc) pores by polymer chains having a high mobility at room temperature. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Bae, Tae-Hyun AU - Long, Jeffrey R AD - Department of Chemistry; University of California; Berkeley and Materials Sciences Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA; , jrlong@berkeley.edu Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - Nov 2013 SP - 3565 EP - 3569 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 6 IS - 12 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Permeability KW - Membranes KW - Mobility KW - Surface area KW - Energy KW - Zinc KW - Adsorption KW - Flue gas KW - Temperature KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Polymers KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618151749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=CO+sub%282%29%2FN+sub%282%29+separations+with+mixed-matrix+membranes+containing+Mg+sub%282%29%28dobdc%29+nanocrystals&rft.au=Bae%2C+Tae-Hyun%3BLong%2C+Jeffrey+R&rft.aulast=Bae&rft.aufirst=Tae-Hyun&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ee42394h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Permeability; Membranes; Mobility; Energy; Surface area; Zinc; Temperature; Flue gas; Adsorption; Polymers; Carbon dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ee42394h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydromechanical heterogeneities of a mature fault zone; impacts on fluid flow AN - 1549620727; 2014-059457 AB - In this paper, fluid flow is examined for a mature strike-slip fault zone with anisotropic permeability and internal heterogeneity. The hydraulic properties of the fault zone were first characterized in situ by microgeophysical (V (sub P) and sigma (sub c) ) and rock-quality measurements (Q-value) performed along a 50-m long profile perpendicular to the fault zone. Then, the local hydrogeological context of the fault was modified to conduct a water-injection test. The resulting fluid pressures and flow rates through the different fault-zone compartments were then analyzed with a two-phase fluid-flow numerical simulation. Fault hydraulic properties estimated from the injection test signals were compared to the properties estimated from the multiscale geological approach. We found that (1) the microgeophysical measurements that we made yield valuable information on the porosity and the specific storage coefficient within the fault zone and (2) the Q-value method highlights significant contrasts in permeability. Fault hydrodynamic behavior can be modeled by a permeability tensor rotation across the fault zone and by a storativity increase. The permeability tensor rotation is linked to the modification of the preexisting fracture properties and to the development of new fractures during the faulting process, whereas the storativity increase results from the development of micro- and macrofractures that lower the fault-zone stiffness and allows an increased extension of the pore space within the fault damage zone. Finally, heterogeneities internal to the fault zones create complex patterns of fluid flow that reflect the connections of paths with contrasting properties. Abstract Copyright (2013), , National Ground Water Association. JF - Ground Water AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Guglielmi, Yves AU - Cappa, Frederic Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - November 2013 SP - 880 EP - 892 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of National Ground Water Association, Westerville, OH VL - 51 IS - 6 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Alps KW - Europe KW - storage coefficient KW - strike-slip faults KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - Alpes-Maritimes France KW - simulation KW - Paillon Spring KW - uniaxial tests KW - ground water KW - France KW - springs KW - faults KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - Roccasseira Massif KW - injection KW - fluid flow KW - rates KW - mechanical properties KW - migration of elements KW - Roccasseira Fault KW - aquifers KW - La Parre Spring KW - French Alps KW - theoretical models KW - testing KW - compressive strength KW - permeability KW - fault zones KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1549620727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Hydromechanical+heterogeneities+of+a+mature+fault+zone%3B+impacts+on+fluid+flow&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+Pierre%3BGuglielmi%2C+Yves%3BCappa%2C+Frederic&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=880&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgwat.12017 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alpes-Maritimes France; Alps; aquifers; compressive strength; Europe; experimental studies; fault zones; faults; fluid dynamics; fluid flow; France; French Alps; ground water; hydrology; injection; La Parre Spring; mechanical properties; migration of elements; numerical models; Paillon Spring; permeability; preferential flow; rates; Roccasseira Fault; Roccasseira Massif; simulation; springs; storage coefficient; strike-slip faults; testing; theoretical models; three-dimensional models; uniaxial tests; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple emission line analysis for improved isotopic determination of uranium - a computer simulation study AN - 1512335486; 19350546 AB - Forty-three atomic emission lines for super(235)U and super(238)U were compiled for computer simulation of isotopic analysis using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The spectral line profile was assumed to be Lorentzian in shape and the magnitude of three common types of noises (detector-read, photon-shot and flicker) were experimentally determined and incorporated into the simulation. Precision and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) for isotopic analysis of a single U line were simulated, and it was found that analytical performance (precision) primarily depended on the signal-to-background ratio (SBR) and net intensity of the emission line, rather than on the magnitude of isotopic splitting (IS), when partial least squares (PLS) was used for calibration. This is because PLS multivariate calibration can be performed correctly even when the spectra are only partially resolved, which in turn relaxes the requirement on having IS larger than the spectral resolution. The analytical performance was found to improve with multiple-line analysis. Depending on the criteria (e.g., SBR, net intensity, magnitude of IS, or best single-line performance) used in sorting the spectral lines into the multiline pool, improvement factors ranging from 2 x to 9 x were obtained. The absolute uncertainty of isotopic analysis is practically constant and independent of isotopic abundance, which makes experimental estimation of the detection limit in isotopic analysis straightforward because one can experimentally measure this uncertainty with one arbitrary and conveniently chosen isotopic standard and then estimate the detection limit through simple extrapolation. JF - Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy AU - Chan, George C-Y AU - Mao, Xianglei AU - Choi, Inhee AU - Sarkar, Arnab AU - Lam, Oanh P AU - Shuh, David K AU - Russo, Richard E AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, rerusso@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 01 SP - 40 EP - 49 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 89 SN - 0584-8547, 0584-8547 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy KW - Isotopic analysis KW - Uranium KW - Partial least square KW - Isotopic splitting KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Computers KW - Simulation KW - Spectroscopy KW - Shape KW - Calibrations KW - Detection Limits KW - Analytical Methods KW - Precision KW - Sequencing batch system KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1512335486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Spectrochimica+Acta+Part+B+Atomic+Spectroscopy&rft.atitle=Multiple+emission+line+analysis+for+improved+isotopic+determination+of+uranium+-+a+computer+simulation+study&rft.au=Chan%2C+George+C-Y%3BMao%2C+Xianglei%3BChoi%2C+Inhee%3BSarkar%2C+Arnab%3BLam%2C+Oanh+P%3BShuh%2C+David+K%3BRusso%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Spectrochimica+Acta+Part+B+Atomic+Spectroscopy&rft.issn=05848547&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.sab.2013.09.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Uranium; Simulation; Shape; Calibrations; Analytical Methods; Detection Limits; Simulation Analysis; Computers; Precision; Sequencing batch system; Spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2013.09.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-lapse seismic data registration and inversion for CO (sub 2) sequestration study at Cranfield AN - 1477832921; 2014-004380 AB - The time-lapse seismic survey for CO (sub 2) sequestration study at Cranfield can be problematic because of misalignments between time-lapse data sets. Such misalignments can be caused by the seismic data processing workflow and may result in the wrong interpretation of time-lapse seismic amplitude differences. We propose an efficient local-correlation-based warping method of registering the time-lapse poststack data sets, which can align these data sets without changing original amplitudes. Application of our registration method to Cranfield time-lapse data demonstrates its effectiveness in separating time-shift character from seismic amplitude signature. After registration, time-lapse differences show an improved consistency in vertical cross sections and a more localized distribution of difference amplitudes along the horizon, allowing us to apply a high-resolution basis pursuit inversion (BPI) for acoustic impedances. Inversion results show that decreases in acoustic impedances occur mostly at the top of the injection interval, which can be used as an indicator of rock properties to detect a subsurface CO (sub 2) plume. JF - Geophysics AU - Zhang, Rui AU - Song, Xiaolei AU - Fomel, Sergey AU - Sen, Mrinal K AU - Srinivasan, Sanjay Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - November 2013 SP - B329 EP - B338 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 78 IS - 6 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - Cretaceous KW - well-logging KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - abandoned oil wells KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - carbon dioxide KW - oil wells KW - time-lapse methods KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - interpretation KW - impedance KW - stratigraphy KW - carbon sequestration KW - Mississippi KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - Mesozoic KW - seismic methods KW - gas injection KW - Cranfield test site KW - acoustical waves KW - amplitude KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477832921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Time-lapse+seismic+data+registration+and+inversion+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration+study+at+Cranfield&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Rui%3BSong%2C+Xiaolei%3BFomel%2C+Sergey%3BSen%2C+Mrinal+K%3BSrinivasan%2C+Sanjay&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Rui&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2012-0386.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps, sects., strat. col. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned oil wells; acoustical waves; amplitude; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; contaminant plumes; Cranfield test site; Cretaceous; data processing; elastic waves; gas injection; geophysical methods; impedance; interpretation; Mesozoic; Mississippi; oil wells; pollution; seismic methods; stratigraphy; time-lapse methods; Tuscaloosa Formation; United States; Upper Cretaceous; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0386.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Backfill impacts on moisture measurements in fractured rock AN - 1477830859; 2014-002238 AB - As the scope of hillslope-hydrology investigations extend deeper, there will likely be an increase in the use of backfill to facilitate sensor installations, particularly in fractured rock. Because of the disparity in hydrologic properties of backfill and the native rock being monitored, discrepancies in measured values are imminent. In this study, we assessed the impact of different types of backfill that can be used to provide hydraulic continuity between sensors and the "measured" environment. During a period of 4 yr, the hydrologic response to seasonal wetting and drying was monitored with identical time domain reflectometry (TDR) sensors embedded in native rock, fracture infill, augured native rock, and silica powder. We found that while all backfills responded to wetting and drying events, there were differences in the response to individual rainfall events and in the amount of moisture measured. Our observations show that the use of any type of backfill for monitoring fractured rock hydrology will result in distorted measurements; however, our analysis suggests that simple calibrations between native rock and backfill measurements allow moisture content changes in the native rock to be quantified using backfill measurements. Backfill that is finer textured than native rock provides the best estimate of water content during long-term, uninterrupted drying events when the backfill measurements are calibrated to native rock conditions. Irrespective of calibration, backfill materials coarser than the native rock provide the best detection of the timing and duration of the hydrologic response to precipitation. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Rempe, Daniella Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - November 2013 SP - 9 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 12 IS - 4 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - backfill KW - geophysical surveys KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - sandstone KW - hydrogeology KW - fracturing KW - TDR data KW - California KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Elder Creek watershed KW - Northern California KW - soils KW - mudstone KW - fracture infill KW - Mendocino County California KW - Angelo Coast Range Reserve KW - measurement KW - surveys KW - seasonal variations KW - clastic rocks KW - field studies KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477830859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Backfill+impacts+on+moisture+measurements+in+fractured+rock&rft.au=Salve%2C+Rohit%3BRempe%2C+Daniella&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=Rohit&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2013.04.0076 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Angelo Coast Range Reserve; backfill; California; clastic rocks; Elder Creek watershed; field studies; fracture infill; fractured materials; fracturing; geophysical surveys; hydrogeology; measurement; Mendocino County California; moisture; mudstone; Northern California; sandstone; seasonal variations; sedimentary rocks; soils; surveys; TDR data; United States; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.04.0076 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrical conductivity imaging of active layer and permafrost in an arctic ecosystem, through advanced inversion of electromagnetic induction data AN - 1477829935; 2014-002246 AB - A novel approach has been developed to estimate the subsurface electrical conductivity distribution from electromagnetic induction data and evaluate influence of prior constraints, data information content, and solution non-uniqueness. Its application to an Arctic ecosystem enabled imaging of the variability of active layer and permafrost properties. Characterizing the spatial variability of active layer and permafrost properties is critical for parameterizing process-rich models that simulate feedbacks from Arctic ecosystem to a changing climate. Because of the sensitivity of electrical conductivity (EC) measurements to moisture content, salinity, and freeze state and the ease of collecting electromagnetic induction (EMI) data with portable tools (e.g., EM38, GEM2, or DUALEM) over large regions, EMI surveys hold great potential for Arctic ecosystem characterization. However, estimation of subsurface EC distribution from such data is challenging because of the insufficient amount of information such data provide towards finding a unique solution. The non-uniqueness problem is often approached by fixing inversion constraints and initial models without a clear understanding of their possible effects on the obtained results. Here we developed a direct search method, which involves a grid-based evaluation of one-dimensional layered model parameters, to estimate EC distribution from EMI data and evaluate the influence of prior constraints, data information content, and solution non-uniqueness. We applied the new method to EMI data acquired in Barrow, AK, as part of the Department of Energy Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (DOE NGEE-Arctic). Results demonstrate the success of the developed approach for estimating models that reproduce recorded data within a specified range of uncertainty at each measurement location, as well as the value of different types of constraints. Importantly, the method can be used to quickly investigate the need for and effects of different priors at numerous measurement locations, since the time-consuming simulation of the EMI signals from the multidimensional search grid is performed only once. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Peterson, John E Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - November 2013 SP - 19 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 12 IS - 4 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - electrical resistivity tomography KW - imagery KW - electrical conductivity KW - permafrost KW - one-dimensional models KW - characterization KW - ecosystems KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - Barrow Alaska KW - spatial distribution KW - spatial variations KW - arctic environment KW - Markov chain-Monte Carlo method KW - ecology KW - electromagnetic induction KW - soils KW - Barrow Environmental Observatory KW - Arctic region KW - northern Alaska KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - Barrow Quadrangle KW - resistivity KW - Arctic Coastal Plain KW - measurement KW - Alaska KW - active layer KW - image analysis KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477829935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Electrical+conductivity+imaging+of+active+layer+and+permafrost+in+an+arctic+ecosystem%2C+through+advanced+inversion+of+electromagnetic+induction+data&rft.au=Dafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BPeterson%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Dafflon&rft.aufirst=Baptiste&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2012.0161 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. charts N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; Arctic Coastal Plain; arctic environment; Arctic region; Barrow Alaska; Barrow Environmental Observatory; Barrow Quadrangle; characterization; climate change; ecology; ecosystems; electrical conductivity; electrical resistivity tomography; electromagnetic induction; geophysical methods; image analysis; imagery; inverse problem; Markov chain-Monte Carlo method; measurement; northern Alaska; one-dimensional models; permafrost; resistivity; simulation; soils; spatial distribution; spatial variations; tomography; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2012.0161 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering dynamic pathway regulation using stress-response promoters AN - 1464513656; 18788067 AB - Heterologous pathways used in metabolic engineering may produce intermediates toxic to the cell. Dynamic control of pathway enzymes could prevent the accumulation of these metabolites, but such a strategy requires sensors, which are largely unknown, that can detect and respond to the metabolite. Here we applied whole-genome transcript arrays to identify promoters that respond to the accumulation of toxic intermediates, and then used these promoters to control accumulation of the intermediate and improve the final titers of a desired product. We apply this approach to regulate farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) production in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway in Escherichia coli. This strategy improved production of amorphadiene, the final product, by twofold over that from inducible or constitutive promoters, eliminated the need for expensive inducers, reduced acetate accumulation and improved growth. We extended this approach to another toxic intermediate to demonstrate the broad utility of identifying novel sensor-regulator systems for dynamic regulation. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Dahl, Robert H AU - Zhang, Fuzhong AU - Alonso-Gutierrez, Jorge AU - Baidoo, Edward AU - Batth, Tanveer S AU - Redding-Johanson, Alyssa M AU - Petzold, Christopher J AU - Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila AU - Lee, Taek Soon AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Keasling, Jay D AD - 1] Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA. [2] Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. [3] Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - Nov 2013 SP - 1039 EP - 1046 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 31 IS - 11 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Terpenes KW - Promoters KW - Escherichia coli KW - Transcription KW - metabolic engineering KW - Enzymes KW - Metabolites KW - Acetic acid KW - pyrophosphates KW - W 30955:Biosensors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464513656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Engineering+dynamic+pathway+regulation+using+stress-response+promoters&rft.au=Dahl%2C+Robert+H%3BZhang%2C+Fuzhong%3BAlonso-Gutierrez%2C+Jorge%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward%3BBatth%2C+Tanveer+S%3BRedding-Johanson%2C+Alyssa+M%3BPetzold%2C+Christopher+J%3BMukhopadhyay%2C+Aindrila%3BLee%2C+Taek+Soon%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Dahl&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1039&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnbt.2689 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terpenes; Promoters; Enzymes; metabolic engineering; Transcription; Metabolites; Acetic acid; pyrophosphates; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2689 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The challenge to detect and attribute effects of climate change on human and natural systems AN - 1464505529; 18799319 AB - Anthropogenic climate change has triggered impacts on natural and human systems world-wide, yet the formal scientific method of detection and attribution has been only insufficiently described. Detection and attribution of impacts of climate change is a fundamentally cross-disciplinary issue, involving concepts, terms, and standards spanning the varied requirements of the various disciplines. Key problems for current assessments include the limited availability of long-term observations, the limited knowledge on processes and mechanisms involved in changing environmental systems, and the widely different concepts applied in the scientific literature. In order to facilitate current and future assessments, this paper describes the current conceptual framework of the field and outlines a number of conceptual challenges. Based on this, it proposes workable cross-disciplinary definitions, concepts, and standards. The paper is specifically intended to serve as a baseline for continued development of a consistent cross-disciplinary framework that will facilitate integrated assessment of the detection and attribution of climate change impacts. JF - Climatic Change AU - Stone, Daithi AU - Auffhammer, Maximilian AU - Carey, Mark AU - Hansen, Gerrit AU - Huggel, Christian AU - Cramer, Wolfgang AU - Lobell, David AU - Molau, Ulf AU - Solow, Andrew AU - Tibig, Lourdes AU - Yohe, Gary AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS-50F1650, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA dstone@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - November 2013 SP - 381 EP - 395 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 121 IS - 2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Assessments KW - Availability KW - Human KW - Climate change KW - Standards KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464505529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+challenge+to+detect+and+attribute+effects+of+climate+change+on+human+and+natural+systems&rft.au=Stone%2C+Daithi%3BAuffhammer%2C+Maximilian%3BCarey%2C+Mark%3BHansen%2C+Gerrit%3BHuggel%2C+Christian%3BCramer%2C+Wolfgang%3BLobell%2C+David%3BMolau%2C+Ulf%3BSolow%2C+Andrew%3BTibig%2C+Lourdes%3BYohe%2C+Gary&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Daithi&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-013-0873-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0873-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring the Roles of DNA Methylation in the Metal-Reducing Bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 AN - 1448225574; 18698980 AB - We performed whole-genome analyses of DNA methylation in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 to examine its possible role in regulating gene expression and other cellular processes. Single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing revealed extensive methylation of adenine (N6mA) throughout the genome. These methylated bases were located in five sequence motifs, including three novel targets for type I restriction/modification enzymes. The sequence motifs targeted by putative methyltranferases were determined via SMRT sequencing of gene knockout mutants. In addition, we found that S. oneidensis MR-1 cultures grown under various culture conditions displayed different DNA methylation patterns. However, the small number of differentially methylated sites could not be directly linked to the much larger number of differentially expressed genes under these conditions, suggesting that DNA methylation is not a major regulator of gene expression in S. oneidensis MR-1. The enrichment of methylated GATC motifs in the origin of replication indicates that DNA methylation may regulate genome replication in a manner similar to that seen in Escherichia coli. Furthermore, comparative analyses suggest that many Gammaproteobacteria, including all members of the Shewanellaceae family, may also utilize DNA methylation to regulate genome replication. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Bendall, Matthew L AU - Luong, Khai AU - Wetmore, Kelly M AU - Blow, Matthew AU - Korlach, Jonas AU - Deutschbauer, Adam AU - Malmstrom, Rex R Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - November 2013 SP - 4966 EP - 4974 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 195 IS - 21 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Gene expression KW - SMRT protein KW - Replication KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - Escherichia coli KW - DNA methylation KW - Replication origins KW - Adenine KW - Enzymes KW - Cell culture KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448225574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Exploring+the+Roles+of+DNA+Methylation+in+the+Metal-Reducing+Bacterium+Shewanella+oneidensis+MR-1&rft.au=Bendall%2C+Matthew+L%3BLuong%2C+Khai%3BWetmore%2C+Kelly+M%3BBlow%2C+Matthew%3BKorlach%2C+Jonas%3BDeutschbauer%2C+Adam%3BMalmstrom%2C+Rex+R&rft.aulast=Bendall&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=195&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=4966&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.00935-13 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Genomes; SMRT protein; Replication; Adenine; Replication origins; DNA methylation; Enzymes; Cell culture; Shewanella oneidensis; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00935-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field demonstration of automated demand response for both winter and summer events in large buildings in the Pacific Northwest AN - 1443368818; 18685885 AB - There are growing strains on the electric grid as cooling peaks grow and equipment ages. Increased penetration of renewables on the grid is also straining electricity supply systems and the need for flexible demand is growing. This paper summarizes results of a series of field test of automated demand response systems in large buildings in the Pacific Northwest. The objective of the research was twofold. One objective was to evaluate the use demand response automation technologies. A second objective was to evaluate control strategies that could change the electric load shape in both winter and summer conditions. Winter conditions focused on cold winter mornings, a time when the electric grid is often stressed. The summer test evaluated DR strategies in the afternoon. We found that we could automate both winter and summer control strategies with the open automated demand response communication standard. The buildings were able to provide significant demand response in both winter and summer events. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Piette, Mary Ann AU - Kiliccote, Sila AU - Dudley, Junqiao H AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, mapiette@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - Nov 2013 SP - 671 EP - 684 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Age KW - Communications KW - Automation KW - Summer KW - Buildings KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Winter KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443368818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Field+demonstration+of+automated+demand+response+for+both+winter+and+summer+events+in+large+buildings+in+the+Pacific+Northwest&rft.au=Piette%2C+Mary+Ann%3BKiliccote%2C+Sila%3BDudley%2C+Junqiao+H&rft.aulast=Piette&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-013-9206-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Last updated - 2013-11-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Age; Communications; Automation; Summer; Buildings; Technology; Winter; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-013-9206-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfur isotopic fractionation in vacuum UV photodissociation of hydrogen sulfide and its potential relevance to meteorite analysis AN - 1849301291; 2016-108261 AB - Select meteoritic classes possess mass-independent sulfur isotopic compositions in sulfide and organic phases. Photochemistry in the solar nebula has been attributed as a source of these anomalies. Hydrogen sulfide (H (sub 2) S) is the most abundant gas-phase species in the solar nebula, and hence, photodissociation of H (sub 2) S by solar vacuum UV (VUV) photons (especially by Lyman-alpha radiation) is a relevant process. Because of experimental difficulties associated with accessing VUV radiation, there is a paucity of data and a lack of theoretical basis to test the hypothesis of a photochemical origin of mass-independent sulfur. Here, we present multiisotopic measurements of elemental sulfur produced during the VUV photolysis of H (sub 2) S. Mass-independent sulfur isotopic compositions are observed. The observed isotopic fractionation patterns are wavelength-dependent. VUV photodissociation of H (sub 2) S takes place through several predissociative channels, and the measured mass-independent fractionation is most likely a manifestation of these processes. Meteorite sulfur data are discussed in light of the present experiments, and suggestions are made to guide future experiments and models. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Chakraborty, Subrata AU - Jackson, Teresa L AU - Ahmed, Musahid AU - Thiemens, Mark H Y1 - 2013/10/29/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 29 SP - 17650 EP - 17655 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 110 IS - 44 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - snowline KW - stony meteorites KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - stable isotopes KW - meteorites KW - S-36/S-32 KW - photodissociation KW - geochemistry KW - troilite KW - O-17/O-16 KW - isotope ratios KW - photochemistry KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - cosmochemistry KW - O-18/O-16 KW - achondrites KW - wavelength KW - solar nebula KW - S-34/S-32 KW - photolysis KW - chondrules KW - sulfur KW - S-33/S-32 KW - sulfides KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849301291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Sulfur+isotopic+fractionation+in+vacuum+UV+photodissociation+of+hydrogen+sulfide+and+its+potential+relevance+to+meteorite+analysis&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+Subrata%3BJackson%2C+Teresa+L%3BAhmed%2C+Musahid%3BThiemens%2C+Mark+H&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=Subrata&rft.date=2013-10-29&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=44&rft.spage=17650&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1213150110 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/content/by/year LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - PNASA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; chondrules; cosmochemistry; geochemistry; hydrogen sulfide; isotope ratios; isotopes; meteorites; O-17/O-16; O-18/O-16; oxygen; photochemistry; photodissociation; photolysis; S-33/S-32; S-34/S-32; S-36/S-32; snowline; solar nebula; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; sulfides; sulfur; troilite; wavelength DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1213150110 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Benchmarking Study on Heavy Metal Cycling in Lake Sediments T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AN - 1490521623; 6248229 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AU - Arora, Bhavna AU - Sengor, S AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Spycher, Nicolas Y1 - 2013/10/27/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 27 KW - Heavy metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490521623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+Benchmarking+Study+on+Heavy+Metal+Cycling+in+Lake+Sediments&rft.au=Arora%2C+Bhavna%3BSengor%2C+S%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=Bhavna&rft.date=2013-10-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Non-Darcian Flow in Clay Media T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AN - 1490512993; 6247461 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Birkholzer, Jens Y1 - 2013/10/27/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 27 KW - Clays UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490512993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Non-Darcian+Flow+in+Clay+Media&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2013-10-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of Secondary Mineral Coatings on Cape Cod Sand Grains and Their Role in Oxidation of Arsenic(III) T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AN - 1490509783; 6247093 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AU - Davis, James AU - Singer, David AU - Fox, Patricia AU - Guo, Hua Y1 - 2013/10/27/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 27 KW - USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Secondary+Mineral+Coatings+on+Cape+Cod+Sand+Grains+and+Their+Role+in+Oxidation+of+Arsenic%28III%29&rft.au=Davis%2C+James%3BSinger%2C+David%3BFox%2C+Patricia%3BGuo%2C+Hua&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2013-10-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Film Hydrostatics and Flow under Control by Capillarity and Adsorption T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AN - 1490504153; 6247470 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu Y1 - 2013/10/27/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 27 KW - Adsorption UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490504153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Film+Hydrostatics+and+Flow+under+Control+by+Capillarity+and+Adsorption&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2013-10-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calcium isotope fractionation in ground water; molecular scale processes influencing field scale behavior AN - 1442375750; 2013-080145 AB - It is the purpose of this study to demonstrate that the molecular scale reaction mechanisms describing calcite precipitation and calcium isotope fractionations under highly controlled laboratory conditions also reproduce field scale measurements of delta (super 44) Ca in groundwater systems. We present data collected from an aquifer during active carbonate mineral precipitation and develop a reactive transport model capturing the observed chemical and isotopic variations. Carbonate mineral precipitation and associated fluid delta (super 44) Ca data were measured in multiple clogged well bores during organic carbon amended biogenic reduction of a uranium contaminated aquifer in western Colorado, USA. Secondary mineral formation induced by carbonate alkalinity generated during the biostimulation process lead to substantial permeability reduction in multiple electron-donor injection wells at the field site. These conditions resulted in removal of aqueous calcium from a background concentration of 6mM to <1mM while delta (super 44) Ca enrichment ranged from 1 ppm to greater than 2.5 ppm. The relationship between aqueous calcium removal and isotopic enrichment did not conform to Rayleigh model behavior. Explicit treatment of the individual isotopes of calcium within the CrunchFlow reactive transport code demonstrates that the system did not achieve isotopic reequilibration over the time scale of sample collection. Measured fluid delta (super 44) Ca values are accurately reproduced by a linear rate law when the Ca (super 2+) :CO (sub 3) (super 2-) activity ratio remains substantially greater than unity. Variation in the measured delta (super 44) Ca between wells is shown to originate from a difference in carbonate alkalinity generated in each well bore. The influence of fluid Ca (super 2+) :CO (sub 3) (super 2-) ratio on the precipitation rate and delta (super 44) Ca is modeled by coupling the CrunchFlow reactive transport code to an ion by ion growth model. This study presents the first coupled ion-by-ion and reactive transport model for isotopic enrichment and demonstrates that reproducing field-scale delta (super 44) Ca enrichment in groundwater where Ca (super 2+) :CO (sub 3) (super 2-) approaches unity is only accomplished by utilizing such a coupled modeling approach. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Druhan, Jennifer L AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - DePaolo, Donald J Y1 - 2013/10/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 15 SP - 93 EP - 116 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 119 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - isotope fractionation KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - western Colorado KW - mass spectra KW - crystal growth KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - Rifle Colorado KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - spectra KW - molecular dynamics KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - calcite KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Ca-44/Ca-40 KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - water wells KW - carbonates KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1442375750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Calcium+isotope+fractionation+in+ground+water%3B+molecular+scale+processes+influencing+field+scale+behavior&rft.au=Druhan%2C+Jennifer+L%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Druhan&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2013-10-15&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.05.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; Ca-44/Ca-40; calcite; calcium; carbonates; chemical composition; chemical reactions; Colorado; crystal growth; experimental studies; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; hydrochemistry; ICP mass spectra; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; mass spectra; mathematical methods; metals; models; molecular dynamics; pH; phase equilibria; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; Rifle Colorado; spectra; stable isotopes; United States; uranium; water pollution; water wells; western Colorado DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.05.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A robust prognostic signature for hormone-positive node-negative breast cancer AN - 1516754495; 19529867 AB - Systemic chemotherapy in the adjuvant setting can cure breast cancer in some patients that would otherwise recur with incurable, metastatic disease. However, since only a fraction of patients would have recurrence after surgery alone, the challenge is to stratify high-risk patients (who stand to benefit from systemic chemotherapy) from low-risk patients (who can safely be spared treatment related toxicities and costs). We focus here on risk stratification in node-negative, ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. We use a large database of publicly available microarray datasets to build a random forests classifier and develop a robust multi-gene mRNA transcription-based predictor of relapse free survival at 10 years, which we call the Random Forests Relapse Score (RFRS). Performance was assessed by internal cross-validation, multiple independent data sets, and comparison to existing algorithms using receiver-operating characteristic and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Internal redundancy of features was determined using k-means clustering to define optimal signatures with smaller numbers of primary genes, each with multiple alternates. Internal OOB cross-validation for the initial (full-gene-set) model on training data reported an ROC AUC of 0.704, which was comparable to or better than those reported previously or obtained by applying existing methods to our dataset. Three risk groups with probability cutoffs for low, intermediate, and high-risk were defined. Survival analysis determined a highly significant difference in relapse rate between these risk groups. Validation of the models against independent test datasets showed highly similar results. Smaller 17-gene and 8-gene optimized models were also developed with minimal reduction in performance. Furthermore, the signature was shown to be almost equally effective on both hormone-treated and untreated patients. RFRS allows flexibility in both the number and identity of genes utilized from thousands to as few as 17 or eight genes, each with multiple alternatives. The RFRS reports a probability score strongly correlated with risk of relapse. This score could therefore be used to assign systemic chemotherapy specifically to those high-risk patients most likely to benefit from further treatment. JF - Genome Medicine AU - Griffith, Obi L AU - Pepin, Francois AU - Enache, Oana M AU - Heiser, Laura M AU - Collisson, Eric A AU - Spellman, Paul T AU - Gray, Joe W AD - Department of Cancer and DNA Damage Responses, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley 94720, CA, USA, obigriffith@wustl.edu Y1 - 2013/10/11/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 11 SP - 92 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 10 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Chemotherapy KW - Algorithms KW - Transcription KW - Forests KW - Survival KW - Adjuvants KW - Toxicity KW - DNA microarrays KW - Metastases KW - Databases KW - Surgery KW - Risk factors KW - Breast cancer KW - Risk groups KW - G 07880:Human Genetics KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1516754495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genome+Medicine&rft.atitle=A+robust+prognostic+signature+for+hormone-positive+node-negative+breast+cancer&rft.au=Griffith%2C+Obi+L%3BPepin%2C+Francois%3BEnache%2C+Oana+M%3BHeiser%2C+Laura+M%3BCollisson%2C+Eric+A%3BSpellman%2C+Paul+T%3BGray%2C+Joe+W&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=Obi&rft.date=2013-10-11&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genome+Medicine&rft.issn=1756-994X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fgm496 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Chemotherapy; Algorithms; Survival; Forests; Transcription; Toxicity; Adjuvants; DNA microarrays; Metastases; Databases; Risk factors; Surgery; Risk groups; Breast cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gm496 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact-related Younger Dryas boundary nanodiamonds from the Netherlands; reply AN - 1832631901; 713395-2 JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Wittke, James H AU - Bunch, Ted E AU - Kennett, James P AU - Kennett, Douglas J AU - Culleton, Brendan J AU - Tankersley, Kenneth B AU - Daniel, I Randolph, Jr AU - Kloosterman, Johan B AU - Kletetschka, Gunther AU - West, Allen AU - Firestone, Richard B Y1 - 2013/10/08/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 08 SP - E3897 EP - E3898 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 110 IS - 41 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - United States KW - lower Holocene KW - Lommel Belgium KW - isotopes KW - Europe KW - calibration KW - GISP2 KW - Holocene KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Murray Springs KW - Cenozoic KW - upper Weichselian KW - Greenland KW - radioactive isotopes KW - geochronology KW - Weichselian KW - Clovis KW - carbon KW - diamond KW - absolute age KW - Younger Dryas KW - Netherlands KW - Nord-Brabant Netherlands KW - North America KW - nanodiamond KW - charcoal KW - ice cores KW - Summit Greenland KW - Western Europe KW - Quaternary KW - Arctic region KW - native elements KW - impacts KW - Flanders Belgium KW - Aalsterhut KW - Belgium KW - Arizona KW - Cochise County Arizona KW - Pleistocene KW - Allerod KW - stratigraphic boundary KW - C-14 KW - Usselo Horizon KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832631901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Impact-related+Younger+Dryas+boundary+nanodiamonds+from+the+Netherlands%3B+reply&rft.au=Wittke%2C+James+H%3BBunch%2C+Ted+E%3BKennett%2C+James+P%3BKennett%2C+Douglas+J%3BCulleton%2C+Brendan+J%3BTankersley%2C+Kenneth+B%3BDaniel%2C+I+Randolph%2C+Jr%3BKloosterman%2C+Johan+B%3BKletetschka%2C+Gunther%3BWest%2C+Allen%3BFirestone%2C+Richard+B&rft.aulast=Wittke&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2013-10-08&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=41&rft.spage=E3897&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1313207110 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/content/by/year LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to discussion see van Hoesel, A. et. al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 110, No. 41, p. E3896, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1311174110, 2013 For reference to original see Wittke, J. H., et. al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 110, No. 23, p. E2088-E2097, 2013, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1301760110. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aalsterhut; absolute age; Allerod; Arctic region; Arizona; Belgium; C-14; calibration; carbon; Cenozoic; charcoal; Clovis; Cochise County Arizona; diamond; Europe; Flanders Belgium; geochronology; GISP2; Greenland; Holocene; ice cores; impacts; isotopes; Lommel Belgium; lower Holocene; Murray Springs; nanodiamond; native elements; Netherlands; Nord-Brabant Netherlands; North America; Pleistocene; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; stratigraphic boundary; Summit Greenland; United States; upper Pleistocene; upper Weichselian; Usselo Horizon; Weichselian; Western Europe; Younger Dryas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1313207110 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of CO (sub 2) in CH (sub 4) exsolution from deep brine; implications for geologic carbon sequestration AN - 1722154767; 2015-097261 AB - The partial pressure exerted by dissolved CO (sub 2) in water (aqueous phase) containing dissolved CH (sub 4) at concentrations near-saturation can lead to the formation of a CH (sub 4) -rich gas phase. We have used numerical simulation with TOUGH2/EOS7C to investigate the process of CH (sub 4) exsolution caused by CO (sub 2) injection for geologic carbon sequestration. We validated the solubility model in TOUGH2/EOS7C against published measurements of solubility and corresponding Henry's Law coefficients. We verified our simulation results against a previously published 1D test problem, and investigated the effects of numerical dispersion on the CH (sub 4) exsolution and flow processes. In 2D radial simulations of a model system, we found that highly concentrated CH (sub 4) gas regions form at the leading edge of the CO (sub 2) injection front. Because the gas saturations are small in the CH (sub 4) -rich gas regions in the generic system studied here, (i) CH (sub 4) exsolution does not appear to be a problem for seismic monitoring of CO (sub 2) plumes, (ii) reservoir pressurization due to dilution of supercritical CO (sub 2) by CH (sub 4) does not appear to be a concern, and (iii) relative permeability to water is not strongly reduced. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Greenhouse Gases AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Spycher, Nicolas Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 359 EP - 377 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Sussex VL - 3 IS - 5 KW - TOUGH2 KW - deep aquifers KW - contaminant plumes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - liquid phase KW - concentration KW - methane KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - solubility KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - brines KW - hydrocarbons KW - reservoir properties KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722154767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases&rft.atitle=The+role+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+in+CH+%28sub+4%29+exsolution+from+deep+brine%3B+implications+for+geologic+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases&rft.issn=2152-3878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1370 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292152-3878 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aquifers; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; computer programs; concentration; contaminant plumes; deep aquifers; hydrocarbons; liquid phase; methane; models; numerical models; organic compounds; permeability; pollution; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; saturation; simulation; solubility; solutes; TOUGH2 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1370 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the structural, mechanical, and biodegradation properties of HA/ beta -TCP robocast scaffolds AN - 1664200558; PQ0001233875 AB - Hydroxyapatite/ beta -tricalcium phosphate (HA/ beta -TCP) composite scaffolds have shown great potential for bone-tissue engineering applications. In this work, ceramic scaffold with different HA/ beta -TCP compositions (pure HA, 60HA/40 beta -TCP, and 20HA/80 beta -TCP) were fabricated by a robotic-assisted deposition (robocasting) technique using water-based hydrogel inks. A systematic study was conducted to investigate the porosity, mechanical property, and degradation of the scaffolds. Our results indicate that, at a similar volume porosity, the mechanical strength of the sintered scaffolds increased with the decreasing rod diameter. The compressive strength of the fabricated scaffolds (porosity approximately 25-80 vol %) varied between 3 and 50 MPa, a value equal or higher than that of human cancellous bone (2-12 MPa). Although there was a slight increase of Ca and P ions in water after 5 month, no noticeable degradation of the scaffolds in SBF or water was observed. Our findings from this work indicate that composite calcium phosphate scaffolds with customer-designed chemistry and architecture may be fabricated by a robotic-assisted deposition method. copyright 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 101B: 1233-1242, 2013. JF - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Part B: Applied Biomaterials AU - Houmard, Manuel AU - Fu, Qiang AU - Genet, Martin AU - Saiz, Eduardo AU - Tomsia, Antoni P AD - Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720. Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 1233 EP - 1242 PB - Wiley-Blackwell VL - 101 IS - 7 SN - 1552-4973, 1552-4973 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Ceramics KW - Hydroxyapatite KW - Ions KW - Biodegradation KW - Bone (cancellous) KW - hydrogels KW - Porosity KW - scaffolds KW - Calcium phosphate KW - tricalcium phosphate KW - Mechanical properties KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664200558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+B%3A+Applied+Biomaterials&rft.atitle=On+the+structural%2C+mechanical%2C+and+biodegradation+properties+of+HA%2F+beta+-TCP+robocast+scaffolds&rft.au=Houmard%2C+Manuel%3BFu%2C+Qiang%3BGenet%2C+Martin%3BSaiz%2C+Eduardo%3BTomsia%2C+Antoni+P&rft.aulast=Houmard&rft.aufirst=Manuel&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+B%3A+Applied+Biomaterials&rft.issn=15524973&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjbm.b.32935 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ceramics; Ions; Hydroxyapatite; Biodegradation; hydrogels; Bone (cancellous); Porosity; tricalcium phosphate; Calcium phosphate; scaffolds; Mechanical properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.32935 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cover Picture: Optimization and Analysis of High-Power Hydrogen/Bromine-Flow Batteries for Grid-Scale Energy Storage (Energy Technol. 10/2013) AN - 1660397654; 21296669 AB - H sub(2)/Br sub(2) Flow Batteries-A Grid-Scale Energy-Storage Solution: The cover image depicts a H sub(2)/Br sub(2) flow battery of the type described in the Full Paper on by Adam Weber and colleagues at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory with collaborators at the Robert Bosch Research and Technology Center. Bromine and hydrogen molecules are fed during discharge and converted into hydrobromic acid with the electrons available for work on the electrical grid. During charging, the hydrobromic acid is fed and electrolyzed into hydrogen and bromine by using electricity from intermittent renewable sources such as solar photovoltaics and wind energy. In this fashion, the flow battery acts as a buffer and stabilizer against the variability of such sources of energy. The equation highlights the importance of cost modeling, which is explored in this study, on an operating parameter space that includes the key variables of area-specific resistance, current density, and various cost sources, including capital, operating, and manufacturing costs. JF - Energy Technology AU - Cho, Kyu Taek AU - Albertus, Paul AU - Battaglia, Vincent AU - Kojic, Aleksandar AU - Srinivasan, Venkat AU - Weber, Adam Z AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)., azweber@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 557 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 Germany VL - 1 IS - 10 SN - 2194-4288, 2194-4288 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Photovoltaics KW - Storage KW - Wind energy KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Buffers KW - Renewable energy KW - Hydrogen KW - Bromine KW - Energy sources KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660397654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Technology&rft.atitle=Cover+Picture%3A+Optimization+and+Analysis+of+High-Power+Hydrogen%2FBromine-Flow+Batteries+for+Grid-Scale+Energy+Storage+%28Energy+Technol.+10%2F2013%29&rft.au=Cho%2C+Kyu+Taek%3BAlbertus%2C+Paul%3BBattaglia%2C+Vincent%3BKojic%2C+Aleksandar%3BSrinivasan%2C+Venkat%3BWeber%2C+Adam+Z&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=Kyu&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=557&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Technology&rft.issn=21944288&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fente.201390018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Photovoltaics; Batteries; Wind energy; Renewable energy; Buffers; Energy; Hydrogen; Bromine; Energy sources; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ente.201390018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization and Analysis of High-Power Hydrogen/Bromine-Flow Batteries for Grid-Scale Energy Storage AN - 1660084249; 21296663 AB - For storage of grid-scale electrical energy, redox-flow batteries (RFBs) are considered promising technologies. This paper explores the influence of electrolyte composition and ion transport on cell performance by using an integrated approach of experiments and cost modeling. In particular, the impact of the area-specific resistance on system capability is elucidated for the hydrogen/bromine RFB. The experimental data demonstrate very good performance with 1.46Wcm super(-2) peak power and 4Acm super(-2) limiting current density at ambient conditions for an optimal cell design and reactant concentrations. The data and cost model results show that higher concentrations of RFB reactants do not necessarily result in lower capital cost as there is a tradeoff between cell performance and storage (tank) requirements. In addition, the discharge time and overall efficiency demonstrate nonlinear effects on system cost, with a 3 to 4hour minimum discharge time showing a key transition to a plateau in terms of cost for typical RFB systems. The presented results are applicable to many different RFB chemistries and technologies and highlight the importance of ohmic effects and associated area-specific resistance on RFB viability. Hustle and flow: H sub(2)/Br sub(2) redox flow battery is studied for grid-scale energy storage. Optimization of conditions and components demonstrate high ambient performance both in peak power and limiting current density. The combined experiments and cost model reveal the importance of area-specific resistance and nonintuitive optimized operating conditions. JF - Energy Technology AU - Cho, Kyu Taek AU - Albertus, Paul AU - Battaglia, Vincent AU - Kojic, Aleksandar AU - Srinivasan, Venkat AU - Weber, Adam Z AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA). Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 596 EP - 608 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 Germany VL - 1 IS - 10 SN - 2194-4288, 2194-4288 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Storage batteries KW - Constraining KW - Electrolytic cells KW - Current density KW - Electric power generation KW - Electric batteries KW - Energy storage KW - Optimization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660084249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Technology&rft.atitle=Optimization+and+Analysis+of+High-Power+Hydrogen%2FBromine-Flow+Batteries+for+Grid-Scale+Energy+Storage&rft.au=Cho%2C+Kyu+Taek%3BAlbertus%2C+Paul%3BBattaglia%2C+Vincent%3BKojic%2C+Aleksandar%3BSrinivasan%2C+Venkat%3BWeber%2C+Adam+Z&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=Kyu&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=596&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Technology&rft.issn=21944288&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fente.201300108 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ente.201300108 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A ten-year source apportionment study of ambient fine particulate matter in San Jose, California AN - 1566839035; 20638669 AB - Fine particulate matter (PM sub(2.5)) composition data from the Speciation Trends Network (STN) site in San Jose, CA, were analyzed by positive matrix factorization (PMF) using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) PMF version 5.0. These data were 24-h average mass concentrations and compositions obtained from samples taken every third day from October 2002 to February 2012. The eight identified sources include secondary sulfate, secondary nitrate, fresh sea salt, aged sea salt, diesel emission, road salt, gasoline vehicles, and wood combustion. The contributions to PM sub(2 5) of these eight sources were 13.1%, 20.0%, 5.5%, 7.8%, 9.4%, 5.1%, 14.8, and 24.3%, respectively. The Ni-related industrial source, which was detected in previous PMF analysis, was not identified in our study and a sharp decrease in Ni concentrations was observed after the end of 2004. The contribution of road dust source decreased significantly after 2004 (Mann-Whitney test, p<0.01), which is probably the result of the city wide enhanced street sweeping programs starting in 2005. A 40% reduction in the wood combustion PM sub(2.5) contribution between winter 2008 and winter 2009 was found. This decrease could be attributed to the San Francisco Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) wood burning rule implemented in July 2008. In the future, the effectiveness and benefits of the wood burning rule could be evaluated using the multi-wavelength aethalometer delta-c method. JF - Atmospheric Pollution Research AU - Wang, Yungang AU - Hopke, Philip K AD - Environmental Energy Technology Division, National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, yungangwang@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 398 EP - 404 PB - Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution and Control (TUNCAP), Department of Environmental Engineering, Tinaztepe Campus Bucal/Zmir, 35160 Turkey VL - 4 IS - 4 SN - 1309-1042, 1309-1042 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Positive matrix factorization (PMF) KW - source apportionment KW - particulate matter (PM) KW - wood combustion KW - road dust KW - Gasoline KW - Air quality KW - Particulate matter in urban air KW - Particulates KW - Dust KW - Winter KW - Atmospheric pollution by diesel engines KW - Urban microclimatology KW - Street microclimates KW - Particle size KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Nitrates KW - Wood KW - Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles KW - Environmental protection KW - Combustion KW - Air pollution KW - EPA KW - Salts KW - Air quality management KW - INE, USA, California, San Francisco Bay KW - Urban atmospheric pollution KW - Burning KW - Diesel engines KW - Atmospheric pollution research KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566839035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Pollution+Research&rft.atitle=A+ten-year+source+apportionment+study+of+ambient+fine+particulate+matter+in+San+Jose%2C+California&rft.au=Wang%2C+Yungang%3BHopke%2C+Philip+K&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Yungang&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=398&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Pollution+Research&rft.issn=13091042&rft_id=info:doi/10.5094%2FAPR.2013.045 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution by diesel engines; Atmospheric pollution; Urban microclimatology; Air quality management; Urban atmospheric pollution; Particulate matter in urban air; Street microclimates; Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles; Environmental protection; Atmospheric pollution research; Particle size; Nitrates; Gasoline; Wood; Air quality; Particulates; Dust; Winter; Combustion; Air pollution; Salts; EPA; Burning; Diesel engines; INE, USA, California, San Francisco Bay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5094/APR.2013.045 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data-driven approach to identify field-scale biogeochemical transitions using geochemical and geophysical data and hidden Markov models; development and application at a uranium-contaminated aquifer AN - 1535206080; 2014-038670 AB - Although mechanistic reaction networks have been developed to quantify the biogeochemical evolution of subsurface systems associated with bioremediation, it is difficult in practice to quantify the onset and distribution of these transitions at the field scale using commonly collected wellbore datasets. As an alternative approach to the mechanistic methods, we develop a data-driven, statistical model to identify biogeochemical transitions using various time-lapse aqueous geochemical data (e.g., Fe(II), sulfate, sulfide, acetate, and uranium concentrations) and induced polarization (IP) data. We assume that the biogeochemical transitions can be classified as several dominant states that correspond to redox transitions and test the method at a uranium-contaminated site. The relationships between the geophysical observations and geochemical time series vary depending upon the unknown underlying redox status, which is modeled as a hidden Markov random field. We estimate unknown parameters by maximizing the joint likelihood function using the maximization-expectation algorithm. The case study results show that when considered together aqueous geochemical data and IP imaginary conductivity provide a key diagnostic signature of biogeochemical stages. The developed method provides useful information for evaluating the effectiveness of bioremediation, such as the probability of being in specific redox stages following biostimulation where desirable pathways (e.g., uranium removal) are more highly favored. The use of geophysical data in the approach advances the possibility of using noninvasive methods to monitor critical biogeochemical system stages and transitions remotely and over field relevant scales (e.g., from square meters to several hectares). Abstract Copyright (2013), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Williams, Kenneth H Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 6412 EP - 6424 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - electrical conductivity KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - Rifle Colorado KW - induced polarization KW - geochemistry KW - statistical analysis KW - Wasatch Formation KW - pollution KW - Paleogene KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - Tertiary KW - alluvium aquifers KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - actinides KW - Markov chain analysis KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535206080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Data-driven+approach+to+identify+field-scale+biogeochemical+transitions+using+geochemical+and+geophysical+data+and+hidden+Markov+models%3B+development+and+application+at+a+uranium-contaminated+aquifer&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6412&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20524 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alluvium aquifers; aquifers; bioremediation; Cenozoic; Colorado; electrical conductivity; Garfield County Colorado; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; induced polarization; Markov chain analysis; mathematical methods; metals; Paleogene; pollution; remediation; Rifle Colorado; statistical analysis; Tertiary; United States; uranium; Wasatch Formation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20524 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of the T+M coupled flow-geomechanical simulator to describe fracture propagation and coupled flow-thermal-geomechanical processes in tight/shale gas systems AN - 1502293389; 2014-014087 AB - We developed a hydraulic fracturing simulator by coupling a flow simulator to a geomechanics code, namely T+M simulator. Modeling of the vertical fracture development involves continuous updating of the boundary conditions and of the data connectivity, based on the finite element method for geomechanics. The T+M simulator can model the initial fracture development during the hydraulic fracturing operations, after which the domain description changes from single continuum to double or multiple continua in order to rigorously model both flow and geomechanics for fracture-rock matrix systems. The T+H simulator provides two-way coupling between fluid-heat flow and geomechanics, accounting for thermo-poro-mechanics, treats nonlinear permeability and geomechanical moduli explicitly, and dynamically tracks changes in the fracture(s) and in the pore volume. We also fully account for leak-off in all directions during hydraulic fracturing. We first test the T+M simulator, matching numerical solutions with the analytical solutions for poromechanical effects, static fractures, and fracture propagations. Then, from numerical simulation of various cases of the planar fracture propagation, shear failure can limit the vertical fracture propagation of tensile failure, because of leak-off into the reservoirs. Slow injection causes more leak-off, compared with fast injection, when the same amount of fluid is injected. Changes in initial total stress and contributions of shear effective stress to tensile failure can also affect formation of the fractured areas, and the geomechanical responses are still well-posed. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Kim, Jihoon AU - Moridis, George J Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 184 EP - 198 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 60 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - failures KW - numerical models KW - shear stress KW - natural gas KW - structural analysis KW - connectivity KW - petroleum KW - mechanical properties KW - gas shale KW - fracturing KW - tight sands KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - boundary conditions KW - reservoir rocks KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mathematical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - propagation KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1502293389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Development+of+the+T%2BM+coupled+flow-geomechanical+simulator+to+describe+fracture+propagation+and+coupled+flow-thermal-geomechanical+processes+in+tight%2Fshale+gas+systems&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jihoon%3BMoridis%2C+George+J&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jihoon&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2013.04.023 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-27 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; connectivity; failures; fractures; fracturing; gas shale; hydraulic fracturing; mathematical methods; mechanical properties; natural gas; numerical models; petroleum; porosity; propagation; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks; shear stress; simulation; structural analysis; tight sands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.04.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geostatistical reduced-order models in underdetermined inverse problems AN - 1492637182; 18926501 AB - Reduced-order models (ROMs) approximate the high-dimensional state of a dynamic system with a low-dimensional approximation in a subspace of the state space. Properly constructed, they are used to significantly reduce the computational cost associated with the simulation of complex dynamic systems such as flow and transport in the subsurface. A key component in model reduction is to construct the subspace where we look for approximate solutions. In this work, we apply model reduction in inverse modeling and use the solution parameter space of underdetermined geostatistical inverse problems to construct the subspace in which we seek approximate solutions for any given parameters needed in the inversion process. The subspace is constructed by collecting state variable (e.g., pressure) distributions in the flow domain. Each of the distributions, called snapshots, contains the result of full forward model simulation for a given test with a basis vector in the solution parameter space as input parameters. We then use linear combinations of the snapshots to approximate the forward model solution for any parameters needed in inverse modeling. In geostatistical inverse modeling, the solution parameter space is spanned by the cross-covariance of measurements and parameters; hence, we name the ROM as the geostatistical reduced-order model (GROM). We also show that with minor loss of accuracy in the forward model, the accuracy in parameter estimation is still high, and the saving in computational cost is significant, especially for large-scale inverse problems where the number of unknowns is enormous. A new reduced-order model is proposed for geostatistical inverse modeling . GROM is based on the solution space of geostatistical inverse problems . Accuracy of inverse modeling is high with the GROM JF - Water Resources Research AU - Liu, Xiaoyi AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Illman, Walter A AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 6587 EP - 6600 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 49 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - model reduction KW - reduced-order models KW - geostatistical reduced-order models KW - geostatistical inverse modeling KW - GROM KW - Pressure Distribution KW - Water resources KW - Model Testing KW - Inversions KW - Model Studies KW - Costs KW - Numerical simulations KW - Pressure distribution KW - Water resources research KW - Modelling KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492637182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Geostatistical+reduced-order+models+in+underdetermined+inverse+problems&rft.au=Liu%2C+Xiaoyi%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens%3BIllman%2C+Walter+A&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Xiaoyi&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6587&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20489 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water resources; Inversions; Modelling; Numerical simulations; Pressure distribution; Water resources research; Costs; Pressure Distribution; Model Testing; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20489 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analytical model for solute transport through a water-saturated single fracture and permeable rock matrix AN - 1492632498; 18926480 AB - The problem of solute transport through a water-saturated single fracture in a permeable rock matrix is examined using an analytical modeling approach. A closed-form analytical solution is obtained that accounts for transverse and longitudinal advective transport in the fracture and matrix and transverse diffusion in the matrix. The solution also accounts for both diffusive and advective solute exchange between the fracture and matrix and a general solute source position in either the fracture or matrix. The novel features are the incorporation of advective transport in the matrix and a general source position into a closed-form solution for the solute-transport problem. Examples of the solution behavior are presented, which demonstrate the effects of matrix advection in combination with advection along the fracture, transverse diffusion in the matrix for solute release in the fracture and matrix. A semianalytical solution in the form of a superposition integral is also derived that includes these transport features, plus independent levels of longitudinal diffusion and dispersion in the matrix and fracture, respectively. Examples are presented that include advective transport in the fracture and matrix, longitudinal and transverse diffusion in the matrix, longitudinal dispersion in the fracture, as well as solute release from the fracture and matrix. An approximate criterion is proposed to evaluate the significance of longitudinal diffusion and dispersion relative to longitudinal spreading caused by fracture-matrix interaction. Analytical solution for solute transport through fracture and rock matrix . Effects of cross-flow on solute transport through fracture and rock matrix . Effects of longitudinal dispersion on transport through fracture and matrix JF - Water Resources Research AU - Houseworth, JE AU - Asahina, D AU - Birkholzer, J T AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 6317 EP - 6338 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 49 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - transport KW - fracture KW - matrix KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Fractures KW - Water resources KW - Model Studies KW - Advection KW - Longitudinal dispersion KW - Advective transport KW - Solutes KW - Behavior KW - Solute Transport KW - Water resources research KW - Analytical models KW - Dispersion KW - Modelling KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09283:Soil mechanics KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492632498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=An+analytical+model+for+solute+transport+through+a+water-saturated+single+fracture+and+permeable+rock+matrix&rft.au=Houseworth%2C+JE%3BAsahina%2C+D%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Houseworth&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20497 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solutes; Fractures; Water resources; Modelling; Longitudinal dispersion; Dispersion; Advective transport; Analytical models; Water resources research; Advection; Geologic Fractures; Behavior; Solute Transport; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20497 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of CO sub(2) in CH sub(4) exsolution from deep brine: Implications for geologic carbon sequestration AN - 1492608503; 18816088 AB - The partial pressure exerted by dissolved CO sub(2) in water (aqueous phase) containing dissolved CH sub(4) at concentrations near-saturation can lead to the formation of a CH sub(4)-rich gas phase. We have used numerical simulation with TOUGH2/EOS7C to investigate the process of CH sub(4) exsolution caused by CO sub(2) injection for geologic carbon sequestration. We validated the solubility model in TOUGH2/EOS7C against published measurements of solubility and corresponding Henry's Law coefficients. We verified our simulation results against a previously published 1D test problem, and investigated the effects of numerical dispersion on the CH sub(4) exsolution and flow processes. In 2D radial simulations of a model system, we found that highly concentrated CH sub(4) gas regions form at the leading edge of the CO sub(2) injection front. Because the gas saturations are small in the CH sub(4)-rich gas regions in the generic system studied here, (i) CH sub(4) exsolution does not appear to be a problem for seismic monitoring of CO sub(2) plumes, (ii) reservoir pressurization due to dilution of supercritical CO sub(2) by CH sub(4) does not appear to be a concern, and (iii) relative permeability to water is not strongly reduced. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Spycher, Nicolas AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 359 EP - 377 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 3 IS - 5 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Methane KW - Solubility KW - Simulation KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Permeability KW - Numerical simulations KW - Fronts KW - Geology KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Dispersion models KW - Plumes KW - Henry's law KW - Reservoirs KW - Science and technology KW - M2 556.55:Lakes, Reservoirs, Ponds (556.55) KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492608503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=The+role+of+CO+sub%282%29+in+CH+sub%284%29+exsolution+from+deep+brine%3A+Implications+for+geologic+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1370 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solubility; Fronts; Numerical simulations; Dispersion models; Greenhouse gases; Science and technology; Reservoirs; Henry's law; Permeability; Carbon sequestration; Methane; Simulation; Geology; Carbon dioxide; Plumes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1370 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic velocity changes caused by an overburden stress AN - 1477832603; 2014-004359 AB - An increase in seismic velocity with depth is a common rock property, one that can be encountered practically everywhere. Overburden pressure increases vertical stress, producing a nonlinear elastic response. Application of a conventional nonlinear theory to this problem leads to transverse isotropy, with explicit relationships between nonlinear constants and elastic anisotropy parameters. These relationships can be used in velocity "depth trend" removal and in computing offset-dependent corrections for stacking and migration. Assumptions about small static stress and the use of linearized solutions for its evaluation are invalid for overburden problems -- more accurate approximations are required. Realistic tomography models should account for elastic anisotropy as a basic feature. Our theory gives an accurate fit to well and stacking velocity data for the Los Angeles Basin. Overburden stress is a likely cause of shear-wave generation by underground explosions. JF - Geophysics AU - Korneev, Valeri AU - Glubokovskikh, Stanislav Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - WC25 EP - WC31 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 78 IS - 5 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - tomography KW - P-waves KW - dynamic loading KW - elastic waves KW - seismic migration KW - stacking KW - velocity KW - propagation KW - body waves KW - overburden KW - numerical models KW - transverse isotropy KW - explosions KW - loading KW - stress KW - geophysical methods KW - equations KW - depth KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - seismic waves KW - corrections KW - static corrections KW - nonlinear processes KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477832603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Seismic+velocity+changes+caused+by+an+overburden+stress&rft.au=Korneev%2C+Valeri%3BGlubokovskikh%2C+Stanislav&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=Valeri&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=WC25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2012-0380.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; corrections; depth; dynamic loading; elastic waves; equations; explosions; geophysical methods; loading; models; nonlinear processes; numerical models; overburden; P-waves; propagation; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic migration; seismic waves; stacking; static corrections; stress; tomography; transverse isotropy; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0380.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergistic enhancement of hydrogen storage and air stability viaMg nanocrystal-polymer interfacial interactions AN - 1464564366; 18731506 AB - The role of encapsulating polymers in nanocrystalline Mg air stability and hydrogen storage density was studied for a series of composites varying in both % Mg and polymer identity. In these materials, the Mg nanocrystals are completely dependent on the polymer for air stability. Remarkably, both air stability and hydrogen sorption capacity of poly(methyl methacrylate) composites were enhanced by reducing the amount of polymer. Composites consisting of 65 wt% Mg absorbed 6.95 wt% hydrogen and showed little oxidation after 3 months air exposure even after enduring the volume expansion induced by hydrogen sorption, whereas composites with 33.2 wt% Mg absorbed just 4.86 wt% hydrogen and were completely oxidized upon air exposure after hydrogen sorption. This surprising synergistic enhancement in stability and storage density is attributed to an increase in the tortuosity of the paths of gas molecules and increased interfacial structure-templating regions, which scale with % Mg loading and lead to nanoparticle entanglements, hindering polymer chain motion. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Ruminski, Anne M AU - Bardhan, Rizia AU - Brand, Alyssa AU - Aloni, Shaul AU - Urban, Jeffrey J AD - The Molecular Foundry; Materials Sciences Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; California 94720; USA; , jjurban@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 3267 EP - 3271 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 6 IS - 11 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Air exposure KW - Composite materials KW - Sorption KW - Energy KW - Oxidation KW - Hydrogen KW - Polymers KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464564366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Synergistic+enhancement+of+hydrogen+storage+and+air+stability+viaMg+nanocrystal-polymer+interfacial+interactions&rft.au=Ruminski%2C+Anne+M%3BBardhan%2C+Rizia%3BBrand%2C+Alyssa%3BAloni%2C+Shaul%3BUrban%2C+Jeffrey+J&rft.aulast=Ruminski&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ee41977k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air exposure; Storage; Sorption; Composite materials; Energy; Oxidation; Hydrogen; Polymers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ee41977k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of Fe and redox conditions in olivine carbonation rates; an experimental study of the rate limiting reactions at 90 and 150 degrees C in open and closed systems AN - 1447103204; 2013-084898 AB - The mechanisms and rates of olivine carbonation reactions have been the object of a number of studies, but the thermodynamic limitations and the kinetics of the elementary processes that control the overall reaction are still poorly understood and characterized. The main objective of this study is to probe the effect of Fe on the measured rates of olivine carbonation and its role in the formation of Si-rich surface layers, which can significantly inhibit olivine dissolution and limit the extent of the carbonation reaction. A series of batch and flow-through reactor experiments was conducted in pure water at 90 and 150 degrees C and under a CO (sub 2) partial pressure of 100 and 200 bar, using both a natural sample of Fe-bearing olivine (Fo (sub 88) ) and a synthetic sample of pure forsterite (Fo (sub 100) ). Experimental results show that Fe plays an ambivalent role in the carbonation rates of olivine. On one hand, the presence of Fe favors the formation of Fe-Si-rich protective layers at the interface between olivine and aqueous solution, slowing down the dissolution reaction and limiting the extent of carbonation, whereas pure silica coatings have little to no inhibiting effect on measured carbonation rates. On the other hand, Fe enhances olivine to carbonate conversion rates at low degrees of supersaturation, by promoting the formation of fast precipitating Mg-Fe carbonate solid solutions. The passivating properties of Fe-Si-rich layers originate from the strong Fe(III)-Si interaction and are linked to the permanence of oxidizing conditions in the aqueous fluid. As a consequence, under reducing conditions, olivine carbonation rates can be significantly increased by higher extents of dissolution and by the formation of ferroan magnesites (Mg,Fe)CO (sub 3) , which nucleate faster than the pure Mg end-member. Forsterite and olivine carbonation reactions can be hindered by the formation of secondary Mg sheet-silicates but, at the conditions studied, the formation of such silicate phases was observed to be transitional and not affecting significantly the rates of carbonation at the end of one-month long experimental runs. This work presents new measurements of olivine carbonation rates and delivers relevant information that suggest new reference criteria for the assessment of the sequestration potential of CO (sub 2) repositories and the optimization of the mineral carbonation process in mafic and ultramafic rocks. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Saldi, Giuseppe D AU - Daval, Damien AU - Morvan, Gilles AU - Knauss, Kevin G Y1 - 2013/10/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 01 SP - 157 EP - 183 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 118 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - igneous rocks KW - mafic composition KW - olivine group KW - aqueous solutions KW - iron KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - plutonic rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - olivine KW - orthosilicates KW - thermodynamic properties KW - Eh KW - P-T conditions KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - secondary minerals KW - pollutants KW - carbonatization KW - solid solution KW - San Carlos Olivine KW - ultramafics KW - nesosilicates KW - nucleation KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1447103204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+role+of+Fe+and+redox+conditions+in+olivine+carbonation+rates%3B+an+experimental+study+of+the+rate+limiting+reactions+at+90+and+150+degrees+C+in+open+and+closed+systems&rft.au=Saldi%2C+Giuseppe+D%3BDaval%2C+Damien%3BMorvan%2C+Gilles%3BKnauss%2C+Kevin+G&rft.aulast=Saldi&rft.aufirst=Giuseppe&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.04.029 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 133 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-31 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; carbonatization; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; Eh; experimental studies; igneous rocks; iron; mafic composition; metals; nesosilicates; nucleation; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; P-T conditions; plutonic rocks; pollutants; precipitation; reservoir rocks; San Carlos Olivine; secondary minerals; SEM data; silicates; solid solution; temperature; thermodynamic properties; ultramafics; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.04.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Residential photovoltaic energy systems in California: the effect on home sales prices AN - 1441805959; 4490860 AB - Relatively little research exists estimating the marginal impacts of photovoltaic (PV) energy systems on home sale prices. Using a large data set of California homes that sold from 2000 through mid-2009, we find strong evidence, despite a variety of robustness checks, that existing homes with PV systems sold for a premium over comparable homes without PV systems, implying a near full return on investment. Premiums for new homes are found to be considerably lower than those for existing homes, implying, potentially, a trade-off between price and sales velocity. The results have significant implications for homeowners, builders, appraisers, lenders, and policymakers. (JEL R31, D12, C33) Reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press JF - Contemporary economic policy AU - Hoen, Ben AU - Wiser, Ryan AU - Thayer, Mark AU - Cappers, Peter AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ; San Diego State University Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 708 EP - 718 VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 1074-3529, 1074-3529 KW - Economics KW - U.S.A. KW - California KW - Investment analysis KW - Energy economics KW - Energy market KW - Energy resources KW - Policy making KW - Energy costs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1441805959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contemporary+economic+policy&rft.atitle=Residential+photovoltaic+energy+systems+in+California%3A+the+effect+on+home+sales+prices&rft.au=Hoen%2C+Ben%3BWiser%2C+Ryan%3BThayer%2C+Mark%3BCappers%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Hoen&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=708&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contemporary+economic+policy&rft.issn=10743529&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1465-7287.2012.00340.x LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-14 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4268 4246 8570; 4258 7711; 4251 2934; 9625 9628; 6854 4913 3883 971; 4254 4025 4246; 72 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.2012.00340.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New Family of Tungstate-Responsive Transcriptional Regulators in Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria AN - 1439222183; 18596078 AB - The trace elements molybdenum and tungsten are essential components of cofactors of many metalloenzymes. However, in sulfate-reducing bacteria, high concentrations of molybdate and tungstate oxyanions inhibit growth, thus requiring the tight regulation of their homeostasis. By a combination of bioinformatic and experimental techniques, we identified a novel regulator family, tungstate-responsive regulator (TunR), controlling the homeostasis of tungstate and molybdate in sulfate-reducing deltaproteobacteria. The effector-sensing domains of these regulators are similar to those of the known molybdate-responsive regulator ModE, while their DNA-binding domains are homologous to XerC/XerD site-specific recombinases. Using a comparative genomics approach, we identified DNA motifs and reconstructed regulons for 40 TunR family members. Positional analysis of TunR sites and putative promoters allowed us to classify most TunR proteins into two groups: (i) activators of modABC genes encoding a high-affinity molybdenum and tungsten transporting system and (ii) repressors of genes for toluene sulfonate uptake (TSUP) family transporters. The activation of modA and modBC genes by TunR in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough was confirmed in vivo, and we discovered that the activation was diminished in the presence of tungstate. A predicted 30-bp TunR-binding motif was confirmed by in vitro binding assays. A novel TunR family of bacterial transcriptional factors controls tungstate and molybdate homeostasis in sulfate-reducing deltaproteobacteria. We proposed that TunR proteins participate in protection of the cells from the inhibition by these oxyanions. To our knowledge, this is a unique case of a family of bacterial transcriptional factors evolved from site-specific recombinases. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Kazakov, Alexey E AU - Rajeev, Lara AU - Luning, Eric G AU - Zane, Grant M AU - Siddartha, Kavya AU - Rodionov, Dmitry A AU - Dubchak, Inna AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 4466 EP - 4475 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 195 IS - 19 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Sulfate-reducing bacteria KW - New families KW - Toluene KW - recombinase KW - Molybdate KW - Molybdenum KW - Transcription KW - Homeostasis KW - Desulfovibrio vulgaris KW - Tungsten KW - Trace elements KW - Promoters KW - Cofactors KW - Transcription factors KW - DNA KW - genomics KW - Bioinformatics KW - Repressors KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439222183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=New+Family+of+Tungstate-Responsive+Transcriptional+Regulators+in+Sulfate-Reducing+Bacteria&rft.au=Kazakov%2C+Alexey+E%3BRajeev%2C+Lara%3BLuning%2C+Eric+G%3BZane%2C+Grant+M%3BSiddartha%2C+Kavya%3BRodionov%2C+Dmitry+A%3BDubchak%2C+Inna%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BMukhopadhyay%2C+Aindrila&rft.aulast=Kazakov&rft.aufirst=Alexey&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=195&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=4466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.00679-13 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfate-reducing bacteria; New families; Molybdate; recombinase; Toluene; Molybdenum; Transcription; Homeostasis; Trace elements; Tungsten; Promoters; Cofactors; Transcription factors; DNA; Bioinformatics; genomics; Repressors; Desulfovibrio vulgaris DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00679-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abiotic U(VI) reduction by sorbed Fe(II) on natural sediments AN - 1464884885; 2013-090977 AB - Laboratory experiments were performed as a function of aqueous Fe(II) concentration to determine the uptake and oxidation of Fe(II), and Fe(II)-mediated abiotic reduction of U(VI) by aquifer sediments from the DOE Rifle field research site in Colorado, USA. Mossbauer analysis of the sediments spiked with aqueous (super 57) Fe(II) showed that (super 57) Fe(II) was oxidized on the mineral surfaces to (super 57) Fe(III) and most likely formed a nano-particulate Fe(III)-oxide or ferrihydrite-like phase. The extent of (super 57) Fe oxidation decreased with increasing (super 57) Fe(II) uptake, such that 98% was oxidized at 7.3mu mol/g Fe and 41% at 39.6mu mol/g Fe, indicating that the sediments had a limited capacity for oxidation of Fe(II). Abiotic U(VI) reduction was observed by XANES spectroscopy only when the Fe(II) uptake was greater than approximately 20mu mol/g and surface-bound Fe(II) was present, possibly as oligomeric Fe(II) surface species. The degree of U(VI) reduction increased with increasing Fe(II)-loading above this level to a maximum of 18% and 36% U(IV) at pH 7.2 (40.7mu mol/g Fe) and 8.3 (56.1mu mol/g Fe), respectively in the presence of 400ppm CO (sub 2) . Greater U(VI) reduction was observed in CO (sub 2) -free systems [up to 44% and 54% at pH 7.2 (17.3mu mol/g Fe) and 8.3 (54.8mu mol/g Fe), respectively] compared to 400ppm CO (sub 2) systems, presumably due to differences in aqueous U(VI) speciation. While pH affects the amount of Fe(II) uptake onto the solid phase, with greater Fe(II) uptake at higher pH, similar amounts of U(VI) reduction were observed at pH 7.2 and 8.3 for a similar Fe(II) uptake. Thus, it appears that abiotic U(VI) reduction is controlled primarily by sorbed Fe(II) concentration and aqueous U(VI) speciation. The range of Fe(II) loadings tested in this study are within the range observed in biostimulation experiments at the Rifle site, suggesting that Fe(II)-mediated abiotic U(VI) reduction could play a significant role in field settings. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Fox, Patricia M AU - Davis, James A AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi AU - Singer, David M AU - Bargar, John AU - Williams, Kenneth H Y1 - 2013/09/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 15 SP - 266 EP - 282 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 117 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - Rifle Colorado KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - experimental studies KW - Fe-57 KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - ferrihydrite KW - X-ray spectra KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - mobilization KW - Colorado KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464884885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Abiotic+U%28VI%29+reduction+by+sorbed+Fe%28II%29+on+natural+sediments&rft.au=Fox%2C+Patricia+M%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi%3BSinger%2C+David+M%3BBargar%2C+John%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2013-09-15&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.05.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 107 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chemical composition; chemical reactions; Colorado; experimental studies; Fe-57; ferrihydrite; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; iron; isotopes; laboratory studies; metals; mobilization; Mossbauer spectra; oxidation; oxides; pH; pollution; reduction; reservoir rocks; Rifle Colorado; sediments; sorption; spectra; stable isotopes; thermodynamic properties; United States; water pollution; water-rock interaction; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.05.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled hydro-mechanical processes associated with multiphase flow in a dual-continuum system; formulations and an application AN - 1832619447; 723738-14 AB - Fractured rock has often been conceptualized as a dual-continuum system for many practical applications. This study proposes a systematic approach to deal with multiphase flow in a dual-continuum system. Considering that fluid flow occurs in pore volumes (including fracture apertures), we first develop a so-called pore-space conservation equation for deformed fractured rock and then combine this equation with fluid mass balance to derive governing equations for multiphase flow associated with rock deformation. Constitutive relationships are also presented for describing stress dependence of hydraulic properties and effective mechanical parameters for bulk rock body (as a function of the corresponding parameters for fracture and matrix continua). Finally, we applied the developed approach to a CO (sub 2) geological sequestration problem to demonstrate the usefulness of the approach. Copyright 2013 Springer-Verlag Wien and 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Rutqvist, Jonny Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 SP - 1103 EP - 1112 PB - Springer-Verlag, Vienna - New York VL - 46 IS - 5 SN - 0723-2632, 0723-2632 KW - fractured materials KW - carbon capture and storage KW - underground storage KW - digital simulation KW - underground installations KW - data processing KW - theoretical models KW - constitutive equations KW - fluid dynamics KW - rock mechanics KW - carbon dioxide KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832619447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.atitle=Coupled+hydro-mechanical+processes+associated+with+multiphase+flow+in+a+dual-continuum+system%3B+formulations+and+an+application&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.issn=07232632&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00603-012-0313-3 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101578/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - RMREDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon capture and storage; carbon dioxide; constitutive equations; data processing; digital simulation; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; rock mechanics; theoretical models; underground installations; underground storage DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-012-0313-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing excavation damaged zone and stability of pressurized lined rock caverns for underground compressed air energy storage AN - 1832617973; 723738-13 AB - In this paper, we investigate the influence of the excavation damaged zone (EDZ) on the geomechanical performance of compressed air energy storage (CAES) in lined rock caverns. We conducted a detailed characterization of the EDZ in rock caverns that have been excavated for a Korean pilot test program on CAES in (concrete) lined rock caverns at shallow depth. The EDZ was characterized by measurements of P- and S-wave velocities and permeability across the EDZ and into undisturbed host rock. Moreover, we constructed an in situ concrete lining model and conducted permeability measurements in boreholes penetrating the concrete, through the EDZ and into the undisturbed host rock. Using the site-specific conditions and the results of the EDZ characterization, we carried out a model simulation to investigate the influence of the EDZ on the CAES performance, in particular related to geomechanical responses and stability. We used a modeling approach including coupled thermodynamic multiphase flow and geomechanics, which was proven to be useful in previous generic CAES studies. Our modeling results showed that the potential for inducing tensile fractures and air leakage through the concrete lining could be substantially reduced if the EDZ around the cavern could be minimized. Moreover, the results showed that the most favorable design for reducing the potential for tensile failure in the lining would be a relatively compliant concrete lining with a tight inner seal, and a relatively stiff (uncompliant) host rock with a minimized EDZ. Because EDZ compliance depends on its compressibility (or modulus) and thickness, care should be taken during drill and blast operations to minimize the damage to the cavern walls. Copyright 2013 Springer-Verlag Wien and 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering AU - Kim, Hyung-Mok AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Jeong, Ju-Hwan AU - Choi, Byung-Hee AU - Ryu, Dong-Woo AU - Song, Won-Kyong Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 SP - 1113 EP - 1124 PB - Springer-Verlag, Vienna - New York VL - 46 IS - 5 SN - 0723-2632, 0723-2632 KW - limestone KW - failures KW - sealing KW - pressure KW - penetration KW - underground storage KW - data processing KW - high pressure KW - rock mechanics KW - caverns KW - sedimentary rocks KW - digital simulation KW - underground installations KW - theoretical models KW - air KW - carbonate rocks KW - lining KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832617973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.atitle=Characterizing+excavation+damaged+zone+and+stability+of+pressurized+lined+rock+caverns+for+underground+compressed+air+energy+storage&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hyung-Mok%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BJeong%2C+Ju-Hwan%3BChoi%2C+Byung-Hee%3BRyu%2C+Dong-Woo%3BSong%2C+Won-Kyong&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Hyung-Mok&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.issn=07232632&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00603-012-0312-4 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101578/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - RMREDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; carbonate rocks; caverns; data processing; digital simulation; failures; high pressure; limestone; lining; penetration; pressure; rock mechanics; sealing; sedimentary rocks; theoretical models; underground installations; underground storage DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-012-0312-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Empirical estimates to reduce modeling uncertainties of soil organic carbon in permafrost regions; a review of recent progress and remaining challenges AN - 1492588170; 2014-005864 AB - The vast amount of organic carbon (OC) stored in soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region is a potentially vulnerable component of the global carbon cycle. However, estimates of the quantity, decomposability, and combustibility of OC contained in permafrost-region soils remain highly uncertain, thereby limiting our ability to predict the release of greenhouse gases due to permafrost thawing. Substantial differences exist between empirical and modeling estimates of the quantity and distribution of permafrost-region soil OC, which contribute to large uncertainties in predictions of carbon-climate feedbacks under future warming. Here, we identify research challenges that constrain current assessments of the distribution and potential decomposability of soil OC stocks in the northern permafrost region and suggest priorities for future empirical and modeling studies to address these challenges. Copyright 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Mishra, U AU - Jastrow, J D AU - Matamala, R AU - Hugelius, G AU - Koven, C D AU - Harden, J W AU - Ping, C L AU - Michaelson, G J AU - Fan, Z AU - Miller, R M AU - McGuire, A D AU - Tarnocai, C AU - Kuhry, P AU - Riley, W J AU - Schaefer, K AU - Schuur, E A G AU - Jorgenson, M T AU - Hinzman, L D Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 EP - Paper No. 035020 PB - Institute of Physics and IOP Publishing, Bristol VL - 8 IS - 3 KW - soils KW - soil profiles KW - permafrost KW - prediction KW - global change KW - thawing KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - feedback KW - cryoturbation KW - future KW - carbon KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - uncertainty KW - climate KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492588170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Empirical+estimates+to+reduce+modeling+uncertainties+of+soil+organic+carbon+in+permafrost+regions%3B+a+review+of+recent+progress+and+remaining+challenges&rft.au=Mishra%2C+U%3BJastrow%2C+J+D%3BMatamala%2C+R%3BHugelius%2C+G%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BHarden%2C+J+W%3BPing%2C+C+L%3BMichaelson%2C+G+J%3BFan%2C+Z%3BMiller%2C+R+M%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BTarnocai%2C+C%3BKuhry%2C+P%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BSchaefer%2C+K%3BSchuur%2C+E+A+G%3BJorgenson%2C+M+T%3BHinzman%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Mishra&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=1748-9326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F3%2F035020 L2 - http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by IOP Publishing Ltd., London, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon cycle; climate; cryoturbation; feedback; future; geochemical cycle; global change; global warming; greenhouse gases; models; organic carbon; permafrost; prediction; soil profiles; soils; thawing; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Problematic urn-shaped fossils from a Paleoproterozoic (2.2 Ga) paleosol in South Africa AN - 1492586378; 2014-007768 AB - Small (0.3-1.8 mm long), locally abundant, urn-shaped fossils within surface horizons of a paleosol in the 2.2 Ga Hekpoort Formation near Waterval Onder, South Africa, are here described and named Diskagma buttonii Retallack gen. et sp. nov. The fossils are from fresh rock of a deep highway cutting, and have been metamorphosed to upper greenschist facies like their matrix. Despite metamorphic alteration, total organic carbon of the samples was 0.04% and its isotopic composition (delta (super 13) C) was -25.6+ or -0.08 ppm (two standard deviations) versus Vienna Pee Dee belemnite standard. Organic outlines of the fossils are also accentuated by recystallized berthierine and opaque oxides. The fossils are locally clumped within surface swales of a Vertisol paleosol, identified from characteristic penecontemporaneous deformation (clastic dikes between swales of mukkara structure) and from pronounced geochemical differentiation (phosphorus and copper strain-corrected mass-depletion characteristic of an oxidized biologically active soil). This paleosol's chemical composition is evidence of temperate humid climate (mean annual temperature 11.3+ or -4.4 degrees C, and mean annual precipitation 1489+ or -182mm). Associated paleosols indicate atmospheric CO (sub 2) of 6640 (+12,880/-4293)ppm (0.6%) and 0.9-5% atmospheric O (sub 2) . The best preserved examples of Diskagma are shaped like an urn with a flared rim, and closed below the flare. Observation of hundreds of specimens in thin section reveals substantial variation in growth (elongation) and decay (shredding and deflation). They had a hollow ellipsoidal interior that is unusually devoid of opaque debris, unlike the matrix. Diskagma is superficially comparable with lichens such as Cladonia (Ascomycota) and Geosiphon (Glomeromycota). Definitive reproductive structures remain unknown. They predate the oldest other likely fossil eukaryotes (1.9 Ga) and fungi (1.5 Ga), and current molecular clock estimates for eukaryotes (1.6 Ga) and fungi (1.1 Ga). Lichenized actinobacteria are plausible prokaryotic alternatives permitted by molecular clocks. Although biological affinities of Diskagma are uncertain, these fossils reveal the general appearance of Paleoproterozoic life on land. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Precambrian Research AU - Retallack, Gregory J AU - Krull, Evelyn S AU - Thackray, Glenn D AU - Parkinson, Dula Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 SP - 71 EP - 87 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 235 SN - 0301-9268, 0301-9268 KW - terrestrial environment KW - upper Precambrian KW - Paleoproterozoic KW - problematic microfossils KW - paleoecology KW - electron probe data KW - Diskagma buttonii KW - fungi KW - Diskagma KW - Transvaal region KW - metamorphic rocks KW - metasedimentary rocks KW - paleosols KW - South Africa KW - geochemistry KW - petrology KW - Precambrian KW - textures KW - Proterozoic KW - Waterval Onder South Africa KW - morphology KW - problematic fossils KW - habitat KW - Transvaal Supergroup KW - Southern Africa KW - Geosiphon KW - Africa KW - Hekpoort Formation KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 08:General paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492586378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Precambrian+Research&rft.atitle=Problematic+urn-shaped+fossils+from+a+Paleoproterozoic+%282.2+Ga%29+paleosol+in+South+Africa&rft.au=Retallack%2C+Gregory+J%3BKrull%2C+Evelyn+S%3BThackray%2C+Glenn+D%3BParkinson%2C+Dula&rft.aulast=Retallack&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=235&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Precambrian+Research&rft.issn=03019268&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.precamres.2013.05.015 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03019268 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 116 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - CODEN - PCBRBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Diskagma; Diskagma buttonii; electron probe data; fungi; geochemistry; Geosiphon; habitat; Hekpoort Formation; metamorphic rocks; metasedimentary rocks; microfossils; morphology; paleoecology; Paleoproterozoic; paleosols; petrology; Precambrian; problematic fossils; problematic microfossils; Proterozoic; South Africa; Southern Africa; terrestrial environment; textures; Transvaal region; Transvaal Supergroup; upper Precambrian; Waterval Onder South Africa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2013.05.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy efficiency - How far can we raise the bar? Revealing the potential of best available technologies AN - 1458545773; 18742240 AB - This paper presents the first attempt to quantify the potential impacts of a massive deployment of state-of-the-art energy-efficient technologies in the most energy-consuming economies in the world: the United States, the European Union, China, and India. We first identified the most efficient technologies that are currently available for a wide range of end uses in the residential and industrial sectors. The technologies we selected are either engineered with the best available existing components or are the most promising emerging technologies believed to be producible on a large scale in the near future. Using a bottom-up energy model developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, we modeled the most aggressive foreseeable policy that would result in making the best available technologies mandatory by 2015. We estimate that adoption of the best available technologies would avoid 2600 TWh, or about 20% of the projected energy consumption and 1.5 Gt of carbon dioxide emissions by 2030. We believe that this study, which brings engineering knowledge of technologies together with a rigorous energy model, is the most reliable analysis to date of the maximum potential of energy efficiency. JF - Energy AU - Letschert, Virginie AU - Desroches, Louis-Benoit AU - Ke, Jing AU - Mcneil, Michael AD - Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, I Cyclotron Road, MS 90-2000, Berkeley, CA 94720. USA, VLetschert@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - Sep 2013 SP - 72 EP - 82 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 59 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - USA KW - European Union KW - Energy KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Energy consumption KW - Carbon dioxide KW - India KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1458545773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy&rft.atitle=Energy+efficiency+-+How+far+can+we+raise+the+bar%3F+Revealing+the+potential+of+best+available+technologies&rft.au=Letschert%2C+Virginie%3BDesroches%2C+Louis-Benoit%3BKe%2C+Jing%3BMcneil%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Letschert&rft.aufirst=Virginie&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; European Union; Energy; Economics; Emissions; Energy consumption; Carbon dioxide; Technology; USA; China, People's Rep.; India ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Community dynamics of cellulose-adapted thermophilic bacterial consortia AN - 1439224329; 18560797 AB - Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is a key process in the global carbon cycle and the industrial conversion of biomass to biofuels. In natural environments, cellulose hydrolysis is predominately performed by microbial communities. However, detailed understanding of bacterial cellulose hydrolysis is primarily confined to a few model isolates. Developing models for cellulose hydrolysis by mixed microbial consortia will complement these isolate studies and may reveal new mechanisms for cellulose deconstruction. Microbial communities were adapted to microcrystalline cellulose under aerobic, thermophilic conditions using green waste compost as the inoculum to study cellulose hydrolysis in a microbial consortium. This adaptation selected for three dominant taxa - the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Thermus. A high-resolution profile of community development during the enrichment demonstrated a community transition from Firmicutes to a novel Bacteroidetes population that clusters in the Chitinophagaceae family. A representative strain of this population, strain NYFB, was successfully isolated, and sequencing of a nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene demonstrated that it was only 86% identical compared with other validated strains in the phylum Bacteroidetes. Strain NYFB grew well on soluble polysaccharide substrates, but grew poorly on insoluble polysaccharide substrates. Similar communities were observed in companion thermophilic enrichments on insoluble wheat arabinoxylan, a hemicellulosic substrate, suggesting a common model for deconstruction of plant polysaccharides. Combining observations of community dynamics and the physiology of strain NYFB, a cooperative successional model for polysaccharide hydrolysis by the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the thermophilic cellulolytic consortia is proposed. JF - Environmental Microbiology AU - Eichorst, Stephanie A AU - Varanasi, Patanjali AU - Stavila, Vatalie AU - Zemla, Marcin AU - Auer, Manfred AU - Singh, Seema AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singer, Steven W AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 SP - 2573 EP - 2587 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 15 IS - 9 SN - 1462-2912, 1462-2912 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Bacteria KW - Adaptations KW - Composts KW - Cellulose KW - Carbon cycle KW - Wastes KW - Firmicutes KW - Biomass KW - Polysaccharides KW - Hydrolysis KW - Community development KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Inoculum KW - Plant communities KW - Thermus KW - rRNA 16S KW - Biofuels KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439224329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Community+dynamics+of+cellulose-adapted+thermophilic+bacterial+consortia&rft.au=Eichorst%2C+Stephanie+A%3BVaranasi%2C+Patanjali%3BStavila%2C+Vatalie%3BZemla%2C+Marcin%3BAuer%2C+Manfred%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSinger%2C+Steven+W&rft.aulast=Eichorst&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=14622912&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1462-2920.12159 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adaptations; Composts; Cellulose; Wastes; Carbon cycle; Polysaccharides; Biomass; Hydrolysis; Community development; Plant communities; Inoculum; rRNA 16S; Biofuels; Triticum aestivum; Bacteria; Thermus; Firmicutes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12159 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the Usage of Spectral and Broadband Satellite Instrument Measurements to Differentiate Climate Models with Different Cloud Feedback Strengths AN - 1434033000; 18509795 AB - Top-of-atmosphere radiometric signals associated with different high- and low-cloud-radiative feedbacks have been examined through the use of an observing system simulation experiment (OSSE). The OSSE simulates variations in the spectrally resolved and spectrally integrated signals that are due to a range of plausible feedbacks of the climate system when forced with CO sub(2) concentrations that increase at 1% yr super(-1). This initial version of the OSSE is based on the Community Climate System Model, version 3 (CCSM3), and exploits the fact that CCSM3 exhibits different cloud feedback strengths for different model horizontal resolutions. In addition to the conventional broadband shortwave albedos and outgoing longwave fluxes, a dataset of shortwave spectral reflectance and longwave spectral radiance has been created. These data have been analyzed to determine simulated satellite instrument signals of poorly constrained cloud feedbacks for three plausible realizations of Earth's climate system produced by CCSM3. These data have been analyzed to estimate the observational record length of albedo, outgoing longwave radiation, shortwave reflectance, or longwave radiance required to differentiate these dissimilar Earth system realizations. Shortwave spectral measurements in visible and near-infrared water vapor overtone lines are best suited to differentiate model results, and a 33% difference in shortwave-cloud feedbacks can be detected with 20 years of continuous measurements. Nevertheless, at most latitudes and with most wavelengths, the difference detection time is more than 30 years. This suggests that observing systems of sufficiently stable calibration would be useful in addressing the contribution of low clouds to the spread of climate sensitivities currently exhibited by the models that report to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). JF - Journal of Climate AU - Feldman, Daniel R AU - Coleman, Daniel M AU - Collins, William D AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - Sep 2013 SP - 6561 EP - 6574 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 26 IS - 17 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Sensitivity KW - Meteorological data KW - Outgoing long-wave radiation KW - Climate models KW - Reflectance KW - Water vapor KW - Albedo KW - Remote sensing KW - Simulation KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - Satellites KW - Low clouds KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Latitude KW - Carbon dioxide KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434033000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=On+the+Usage+of+Spectral+and+Broadband+Satellite+Instrument+Measurements+to+Differentiate+Climate+Models+with+Different+Cloud+Feedback+Strengths&rft.au=Feldman%2C+Daniel+R%3BColeman%2C+Daniel+M%3BCollins%2C+William+D&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=6561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-12-00378.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Outgoing long-wave radiation; Meteorological data; Reflectance; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Albedo; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Low clouds; Sensitivity; Water vapor; Remote sensing; Latitude; Simulation; Carbon dioxide; Satellites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00378.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable, rapid rate of slip since inception of the San Jacinto Fault, California AN - 1542644045; 2014-048240 AB - In California, where the San Jacinto fault (SJF) and San Andreas fault (SAF) accommodate the majority of the dextral shear deformation between the Pacific and North American plates, initiation of the SJF led to an apparent decline in the slip rate of the SAF. Previous studies suggest that since then, slip rate has covaried between these faults (possibly due to changes in fault strength, variation in topographic loading along a fault, or the development of new faults) and that presently the SJF is the dominant plate boundary structure. However, we dated displaced sedimentary deposits and landforms over three distinct time intervals since approximately 700 ka, and our results imply a constant slip rate of 12.1 (super +3.4/-2.6) mm/yr. This rate is similar to the fault's lifetime rate and from rates derived from geodesy, suggesting that since the SJF initiated, its slip rate has remained relatively stable and does not exceed that of the SAF. Abstract Copyright (2013), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Blisniuk, Kimberly AU - Oskin, Michael AU - Meriaux, Anne-Sophie AU - Rockwell, Thomas AU - Finkel, Robert C AU - Ryerson, Frederick J Y1 - 2013/08/28/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 28 SP - 4209 EP - 4213 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 40 IS - 16 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - relative age KW - isotopes KW - right-lateral faults KW - lateral faults KW - slip rates KW - continental crust KW - geodesy KW - displacements KW - exposure age KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - continental lithosphere KW - radioactive isotopes KW - seismicity KW - dates KW - tectonics KW - seismotectonics KW - faults KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Quaternary KW - Be-10 KW - lithosphere KW - San Jacinto Fault KW - Southern California KW - metals KW - crust KW - beryllium KW - 03:Geochronology KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542644045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Stable%2C+rapid+rate+of+slip+since+inception+of+the+San+Jacinto+Fault%2C+California&rft.au=Blisniuk%2C+Kimberly%3BOskin%2C+Michael%3BMeriaux%2C+Anne-Sophie%3BRockwell%2C+Thomas%3BFinkel%2C+Robert+C%3BRyerson%2C+Frederick+J&rft.aulast=Blisniuk&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.date=2013-08-28&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=4209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fgrl.50819 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; Be-10; beryllium; California; Cenozoic; continental crust; continental lithosphere; crust; dates; displacements; exposure age; faults; geodesy; isotopes; lateral faults; lithosphere; metals; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; relative age; right-lateral faults; San Jacinto Fault; seismicity; seismotectonics; slip rates; Southern California; tectonics; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/grl.50819 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microscopic evidence for liquid-liquid separation in supersaturated CaCO (sub 3) solutions AN - 1438971231; 2013-075971 AB - Recent experimental observations of the onset of calcium carbonate (CaCO (sub 3) ) mineralization suggest the emergence of a population of clusters that are stable rather than unstable as predicted by classical nucleation theory. This study uses molecular dynamics simulations to probe the structure, dynamics, and energetics of hydrated CaCO (sub 3) clusters and lattice gas simulations to explore the behavior of cluster populations before nucleation. Our results predict formation of a dense liquid phase through liquid-liquid separation within the concentration range in which clusters are observed. Coalescence and solidification of nanoscale droplets results in formation of a solid phase, the structure of which is consistent with amorphous CaCO (sub 3) . The presence of a liquid-liquid binodal enables a diverse set of experimental observations to be reconciled within the context of established phase-separation mechanisms. JF - Science AU - Wallace, Adam F AU - Hedges, Lester O AU - Fernandez-Martinez, Alejandro AU - Raiteri, Paolo AU - Gale, Julian D AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Whitelam, Stephen AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - De Yoreo, James J Y1 - 2013/08/23/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 23 SP - 885 EP - 889 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 341 IS - 6148 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - liquid phase KW - separation KW - stability KW - crystal growth KW - NMR spectra KW - calcite KW - supersaturation KW - nucleation KW - stochastic processes KW - dynamics KW - mineralization KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectra KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1438971231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Microscopic+evidence+for+liquid-liquid+separation+in+supersaturated+CaCO+%28sub+3%29+solutions&rft.au=Wallace%2C+Adam+F%3BHedges%2C+Lester+O%3BFernandez-Martinez%2C+Alejandro%3BRaiteri%2C+Paolo%3BGale%2C+Julian+D%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BWhitelam%2C+Stephen%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2013-08-23&rft.volume=341&rft.issue=6148&rft.spage=885&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1230915 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-03 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; calcium carbonate; carbonates; crystal growth; dynamics; liquid phase; mineralization; NMR spectra; nucleation; separation; spectra; stability; stochastic processes; supersaturation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1230915 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - General model for calcite growth kinetics in the presence of impurity ions AN - 1464885244; 2013-090796 AB - The concentrations of Sr, Mg and other elements in calcite are widely used to infer the conditions of mineral growth. However, such inferences are dependent on the mechanisms that govern the incorporation of minor constituents into the calcite lattice during growth. A particularly confusing observation is that both Sr and Mg are readily incorporated into growing calcite crystals at low concentrations but inhibit calcite growth at higher concentrations. Here we show that the growth rate dependence of Sr and Mg incorporation into calcite, as well the inhibitory effects on calcite growth of both incorporating and non-incorporating ions, can be predicted with an ion-by-ion crystal growth model where ion attachment is confined to kink sites on the crystal surface. The exchange of ions between active growth (kink) sites on the mineral surface and aqueous solution governs both the efficiency of incorporation of minor constituents and the kinetics of mineral precipitation. Ions such as Sr and Mg in calcite, that are not stoichiometric constituents, may attach to kink sites and impede crystal growth by either blocking propagation of the kink (kink blocking), or if incorporated into the growing mineral, straining the local crystal lattice, and hence increasing the mineral solubility (incorporation inhibition). Here we investigate the effects of including these growth inhibition mechanisms into a microscopic model for crystal growth based on kink creation, propagation and collision (CPC) theory. This model predicts that kink blocking by either incorporated or non-incorporated ions causes an exponential decrease in mineral growth rate with increasing impurity concentration, while incorporation inhibition results in more complicated functional forms of the growth rate effect depending on the thermodynamics of the solid solution. Applying this model to existing data on the partitioning of strontium and magnesium into calcite and the simultaneous effects on growth kinetics and mineral composition, we find that strontium uptake inhibits growth by enhancing mineral solubility while magnesium inhibits growth primarily by kink blocking. Our model should be widely applicable to understanding the impurity content of a large range of sparingly soluble minerals that form by precipitation from aqueous solutions. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Nielsen, Laura C AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - DePaolo, Donald J Y1 - 2013/08/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 15 SP - 100 EP - 114 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 115 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - lattice KW - impurities KW - crystal growth KW - equations KW - aqueous solutions KW - solid solution KW - calcite KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - precipitation KW - mathematical methods KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464885244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=General+model+for+calcite+growth+kinetics+in+the+presence+of+impurity+ions&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+Laura+C%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Nielsen&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2013-08-15&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.04.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; calcite; carbonates; chemical composition; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; equations; impurities; kinetics; lattice; mathematical methods; models; precipitation; solid solution; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.04.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Whole-Genome rVISTA: a tool to determine enrichment of transcription factor binding sites in gene promoters from transcriptomic data AN - 1427002991; 18315483 AB - Summary: We have developed a web-based query tool, Whole-Genome rVISTA (WGRV), that determines enrichment of transcription factors (TFs) and associated target genes in sets of co-regulated genes. WGRV enables users to query databases containing pre-computed genome coordinates of evolutionarily conserved transcription factor binding sites in the proximal promoters (from 100 bp to 5 kb upstream) of human, mouse and Drosophila genomes. TF binding sites are based on position-weight matrices from the TRANSFAC Professional database. For a given set of co-regulated genes, WGRV returns statistically enriched and evolutionarily conserved binding sites, mapped by the regulatory VISTA (rVISTA) algorithm. Users can then retrieve a list of genes from the query set containing the enriched TF binding sites and their location in the query set promoters. Results are exported in a BED format for rapid visualization in the UCSC genome browser. Flat files of mapped conserved sites and their genomic coordinates are also available for analysis with stand-alone software. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Dubchak, Inna AU - Munoz, Matthew AU - Poliakov, Alexandre AU - Salomonis, Nathan AU - Minovitsky, Simon AU - Bodmer, Rolf AU - Zambon, Alexander C AD - super(1)Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, super(2)DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA, super(3)Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, super(4)California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA and super(5)Development and Aging Program, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA Y1 - 2013/08/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 15 SP - 2059 EP - 2061 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 29 IS - 16 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Promoters KW - Databases KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Data processing KW - Transcription factors KW - Algorithms KW - Bioinformatics KW - genomics KW - Drosophila KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1427002991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Whole-Genome+rVISTA%3A+a+tool+to+determine+enrichment+of+transcription+factor+binding+sites+in+gene+promoters+from+transcriptomic+data&rft.au=Dubchak%2C+Inna%3BMunoz%2C+Matthew%3BPoliakov%2C+Alexandre%3BSalomonis%2C+Nathan%3BMinovitsky%2C+Simon%3BBodmer%2C+Rolf%3BZambon%2C+Alexander+C&rft.aulast=Dubchak&rft.aufirst=Inna&rft.date=2013-08-15&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2059&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt318 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Computer programs; Databases; Promoters; software; Data processing; Transcription factors; Algorithms; genomics; Bioinformatics; Drosophila DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt318 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Large-scale genomic and transcriptomic analysis of mycorrhizal fungi T2 - 2013 Joint Meeting of the American Phytopathological Society & The Mycological Society of America AN - 1441646667; 6237175 JF - 2013 Joint Meeting of the American Phytopathological Society & The Mycological Society of America AU - Kuo, A AU - Kohler, A AU - Grigoriev, I AU - Martin, F Y1 - 2013/08/10/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 10 KW - Fungi KW - genomics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1441646667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Joint+Meeting+of+the+American+Phytopathological+Society+%26+The+Mycological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Large-scale+genomic+and+transcriptomic+analysis+of+mycorrhizal+fungi&rft.au=Kuo%2C+A%3BKohler%2C+A%3BGrigoriev%2C+I%3BMartin%2C+F&rft.aulast=Kuo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Joint+Meeting+of+the+American+Phytopathological+Society+%26+The+Mycological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.apsnet.org/meetings/annual/program/Documents/2013%20APS-MSA_prog_bk-web-lr.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-11-11 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - One genome, two genomes, one thousand genomes T2 - 2013 Joint Meeting of the American Phytopathological Society & The Mycological Society of America AN - 1441645680; 6237172 JF - 2013 Joint Meeting of the American Phytopathological Society & The Mycological Society of America AU - Grigoriev, I Y1 - 2013/08/10/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 10 KW - Genomes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1441645680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Joint+Meeting+of+the+American+Phytopathological+Society+%26+The+Mycological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=One+genome%2C+two+genomes%2C+one+thousand+genomes&rft.au=Grigoriev%2C+I&rft.aulast=Grigoriev&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2013-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Joint+Meeting+of+the+American+Phytopathological+Society+%26+The+Mycological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.apsnet.org/meetings/annual/program/Documents/2013%20APS-MSA_prog_bk-web-lr.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-11-11 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Diverse lifestyles and strategies of plant pathogenesis encoded in the genomes of eighteen Dothideomycetes fungi T2 - 2013 Joint Meeting of the American Phytopathological Society & The Mycological Society of America AN - 1441645295; 6237174 JF - 2013 Joint Meeting of the American Phytopathological Society & The Mycological Society of America AU - Ohm, R AU - Goodwin, S AU - Grigoriev, I Y1 - 2013/08/10/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 10 KW - Genomes KW - Fungi KW - Dothideomycetes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1441645295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Joint+Meeting+of+the+American+Phytopathological+Society+%26+The+Mycological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Diverse+lifestyles+and+strategies+of+plant+pathogenesis+encoded+in+the+genomes+of+eighteen+Dothideomycetes+fungi&rft.au=Ohm%2C+R%3BGoodwin%2C+S%3BGrigoriev%2C+I&rft.aulast=Ohm&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Joint+Meeting+of+the+American+Phytopathological+Society+%26+The+Mycological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.apsnet.org/meetings/annual/program/Documents/2013%20APS-MSA_prog_bk-web-lr.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-11-11 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparative Fungal Genomics with MycoCosm T2 - 2013 Joint Meeting of the American Phytopathological Society & The Mycological Society of America AN - 1441645138; 6236822 JF - 2013 Joint Meeting of the American Phytopathological Society & The Mycological Society of America AU - Grigoriev, Igor Y1 - 2013/08/10/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 10 KW - genomics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1441645138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Joint+Meeting+of+the+American+Phytopathological+Society+%26+The+Mycological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Comparative+Fungal+Genomics+with+MycoCosm&rft.au=Grigoriev%2C+Igor&rft.aulast=Grigoriev&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft.date=2013-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Joint+Meeting+of+the+American+Phytopathological+Society+%26+The+Mycological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.apsnet.org/meetings/annual/program/Documents/2013%20APS-MSA_prog_bk-web-lr.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-11-11 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Put down that ANOVA! Using regression-based designs to deal with spatial heterogeneity T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493781934; 6258119 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Hicks Pries, Caitlin AU - Torn, Margaret Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Regression analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493781934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Put+down+that+ANOVA%21+Using+regression-based+designs+to+deal+with+spatial+heterogeneity&rft.au=Hicks+Pries%2C+Caitlin%3BTorn%2C+Margaret&rft.aulast=Hicks+Pries&rft.aufirst=Caitlin&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduced order models for many-query subsurface flow applications AN - 1832595180; 678947-7 AB - Inverse modeling involves repeated evaluations of forward models, which can be computationally prohibitive for large numerical models. To reduce the overall computational burden of these simulations, we study the use of reduced order models (ROMs) as numerical surrogates. These ROMs usually involve using solutions to high-fidelity models at different sample points within the parameter space to construct an approximate solution at any point within the parameter space. This paper examines an input-output relational approach based on Gaussian process regression (GPR). We show that these ROMs are more accurate than the linear lookup tables with the same number of high-fidelity simulations. We describe an adaptive sampling procedure that automatically selects optimal sample points and demonstrate the use of GPR to a smooth response surface and a response surface with abrupt changes. We also describe how GPR can be used to construct ROMs for models with heterogeneous material properties. Finally, we demonstrate how the use of a GPR-based ROM in two many-query applications-uncertainty quantification and global sensitivity analysis-significantly reduces the total computational effort. Copyright 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht (outside the USA) JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Pau, George Shu Heng AU - Zhang, Yingqi AU - Finsterle, Stefan Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 705 EP - 721 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832595180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Reduced+order+models+for+many-query+subsurface+flow+applications&rft.au=Pau%2C+George+Shu+Heng%3BZhang%2C+Yingqi%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan&rft.aulast=Pau&rft.aufirst=George+Shu&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-013-9349-z L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-013-9349-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying key controls on the behavior of an acidic-U(VI) plume in the Savannah River site using reactive transport modeling AN - 1800392480; 2016-054611 AB - Acidic low-level waste radioactive waste solutions were discharged to three unlined seepage basins at the F-Area of the Department of Energy (DOE) Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina, USA, from 1955 through 1989. Despite many years of active remediation, the groundwater remains acidic and contaminated with significant levels of U(VI) and other radionuclides. Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) is a desired closure strategy for the site, based on the premise that regional flow of clean background groundwater will eventually neutralize the groundwater acidity, immobilizing U(VI) through adsorption. An in situ treatment system is currently in place to accelerate this in the downgradient portion of the plume and similar measures could be taken upgradient if necessary. Understanding the long-term pH and U(VI) adsorption behavior at the site is critical to assess feasibility of MNA along with the in-situ remediation treatments. This paper presents a reactive transport (RT) model and uncertainty quantification (UQ) analyses to explore key controls on the U(VI)-plume evolution and long-term mobility at this site. Two-dimensional numerical RT simulations are run including the saturated and unsaturated (vadose) zones, U(VI) and H (super +) adsorption (surface complexation) onto sediments, dissolution and precipitation of Al and Fe minerals, and key hydrodynamic processes are considered. UQ techniques are applied using a new open-source tool that is part of the developing ASCEM reactive transport modeling and analysis framework to: (1) identify the complex physical and geochemical processes that control the U(VI) plume migration in the pH range where the plume is highly mobile, (2) evaluate those physical and geochemical parameters that are most controlling, and (3) predict the future plume evolution constrained by historical, chemical and hydrological data. The RT simulation results show a good agreement with the observed historical pH and concentrations of U(VI), nitrates and Al concentrations at multiple locations. Mineral dissolution and precipitation combined with adsorption reactions on goethite and kaolinite (the main minerals present with quartz) could buffer pH at the site for long periods of time. UQ analysis using the Morris one-at-a-time (OAT) method indicates that the model/parameter is most sensitive to the pH of the waste solution, discharge rates, and the reactive surface area available for adsorption. However, as a key finding, UQ analysis also indicates that this model (and parameters) sensitivity evolves in space and time, and its understanding could be crucial to assess the temporal efficiency of a remediation strategy in contaminated sites. Results also indicate that residual U(VI) and H (super +) adsorbed in the vadose zone, as well as aquifer permeability, could have a significant impact on the acidic plume long-term mobility. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Bea, Sergio A AU - Wainwright, Haruko AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Denham, Miles E Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 34 EP - 54 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 151 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - silicates KW - contaminant plumes KW - South Carolina KW - isotopes KW - buffers KW - complexing KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - Richards equation KW - natural attenuation KW - acidic composition KW - discharge KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - uncertainty KW - pH KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - kaolinite KW - equations KW - adsorption KW - clay minerals KW - models KW - hydrostratigraphy KW - ASCEM model KW - soil pollution KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - sheet silicates KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - Savannah River Site KW - actinides KW - permeability KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800392480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Identifying+key+controls+on+the+behavior+of+an+acidic-U%28VI%29+plume+in+the+Savannah+River+site+using+reactive+transport+modeling&rft.au=Bea%2C+Sergio+A%3BWainwright%2C+Haruko%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BDenham%2C+Miles+E&rft.aulast=Bea&rft.aufirst=Sergio&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2013.04.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; actinides; adsorption; ASCEM model; buffers; chemical composition; clay minerals; complexing; contaminant plumes; discharge; environmental analysis; equations; ground water; hydrostratigraphy; isotopes; kaolinite; mathematical methods; metals; mobilization; models; monitoring; natural attenuation; numerical models; permeability; pH; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; reactivity; Richards equation; Savannah River Site; sheet silicates; silicates; simulation; soil pollution; solute transport; South Carolina; transport; uncertainty; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.04.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capillary pressure and saturation relations for supercritical CO sub(2) and brine in sand: High-pressure P sub(c)(S sub(w)) controller/meter measurements and capillary scaling predictions AN - 1566847973; 20688898 AB - In geologic carbon sequestration, reliable predictions of CO sub(2) storage require understanding the capillary behavior of supercritical (sc) CO sub(2). Given the limited availability of measurements of the capillary pressure (P sub(c)) dependence on water saturation (S sub(w)) with scCO sub(2) as the displacing fluid, simulations of CO sub(2) sequestration commonly rely on modifying more familiar air/H sub(2)O and oil/H sub(2)O P sub(c)(S sub(w)) relations, adjusted to account for differences in interfacial tensions. In order to test such capillary scaling-based predictions, we developed a high-pressure P sub(c)(S sub(w)) controller/meter, allowing accurate P sub(c) and S sub(w) measurements. Drainage and imbibition processes were measured on quartz sand with scCO sub(2)-brine at pressures of 8.5 and 12.0MPa (45 degree C), and air-brine at 21 degree C and 0.1MPa. Drainage and rewetting at intermediate S sub(w) levels shifted to P sub(c) values that were from 30% to 90% lower than predicted based on interfacial tension changes. Augmenting interfacial tension-based predictions with differences in independently measured contact angles from different sources led to more similar scaled P sub(c)(S sub(w)) relations but still did not converge onto universal drainage and imbibition curves. Equilibrium capillary trapping of the nonwetting phases was determined for P sub(c)=0 during rewetting. The capillary-trapped volumes for scCO sub(2) were significantly greater than for air. Given that the experiments were all conducted on a system with well-defined pore geometry (homogeneous sand), and that scCO sub(2)-brine interfacial tensions are fairly well constrained, we conclude that the observed deviations from scaling predictions resulted from scCO sub(2)-induced decreased wettability. Wettability alteration by scCO sub(2) makes predicting hydraulic behavior more challenging than for less reactive fluids. Key Points * equilibrium between CO sub(2) and brine in reservoirs differs from nonreactive fluids * wettability alteration from CO sub(2) exposure is important * residual trapping of CO sub(2) can be higher than expected JF - Water Resources Research AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Jung, Jong-Won AU - Kim, Tae Wook AU - Kim, Yongman AU - Dong, Wenming AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - Aug 2013 SP - 4566 EP - 4579 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 49 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - capillary pressure KW - geologic carbon sequestration KW - capillary scaling KW - wettability KW - Prediction KW - Water resources KW - Wettability KW - Sand KW - Quartz KW - Pressure KW - Reservoirs KW - Surface tension KW - Drainage KW - Simulation KW - Trapping KW - Numerical simulations KW - Carbon sinks KW - Water resources research KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Scaling KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Tension KW - Brines KW - SW 6060:Concrete KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566847973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Capillary+pressure+and+saturation+relations+for+supercritical+CO+sub%282%29+and+brine+in+sand%3A+High-pressure+P+sub%28c%29%28S+sub%28w%29%29+controller%2Fmeter+measurements+and+capillary+scaling+predictions&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BJung%2C+Jong-Won%3BKim%2C+Tae+Wook%3BKim%2C+Yongman%3BDong%2C+Wenming&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4566&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20316 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Surface tension; Quartz; Water resources; Simulation; Pressure; Carbon dioxide; Brines; Numerical simulations; Drainage; Water resources research; Carbon sinks; Reservoirs; Prediction; Sand; Trapping; Scaling; Wettability; Tension; Carbon Dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20316 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brine film thicknesses on mica surfaces under geologic CO sub(2) sequestration conditions and controlled capillary pressures AN - 1566847913; 20688897 AB - Brine films remaining on mineral surfaces in deep reservoirs during CO sub(2) sequestration are expected to influence multiphase flow, diffusion, and reactions, but little is known about their behavior. Using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (XRF), we measured thicknesses of KCsI sub(2) brine films on two difference roughness mica surfaces under conditions representative of geological CO sub(2) sequestration (7.8 MPa and 40 degree C) to understand the influences of mineral surface roughness and capillary potential. Brine thicknesses measured on the Mica 1 (smooth) and Mica 2 (rough) mica surfaces ranged from 23 to 8 nm and 491 to 412 nm, respectively, over the small range of tested capillary potentials (0.18-3.7 kPa). Within these potentials, brine film thicknesses on mica were governed by surface roughness and only weakly influenced by capillary potentials. In comparing drainage and rewetting isotherms, some film thickness hysteresis was observed, possibly indicative of changes in mica wettability. Key Points * Influences of surface roughness and capillary pressure on brine films on mica * The hysteresis on both mica surfaces may be related to contact angle hysteresis * The comparisons between experimental data and DLVO theory JF - Water Resources Research AU - Kim, Tae Wook AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Bargar, John R AU - Latimer, Matthew J AU - Webb, Samuel M AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - Aug 2013 SP - 5071 EP - 5076 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 49 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - brine film KW - CO sub(2) sequestration KW - capillary pressure KW - mica KW - roughness KW - synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (XRF) KW - Water reservoirs KW - Water resources KW - Micas KW - Salinity effects KW - Isotherms KW - Reservoirs KW - Films KW - Experimental Data KW - Drainage KW - Hysteresis KW - Multiphase flow KW - Multiphase Flow KW - Surface roughness KW - Water resources research KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Minerals KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Brines KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566847913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Brine+film+thicknesses+on+mica+surfaces+under+geologic+CO+sub%282%29+sequestration+conditions+and+controlled+capillary+pressures&rft.au=Kim%2C+Tae+Wook%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BLatimer%2C+Matthew+J%3BWebb%2C+Samuel+M&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Tae&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=5071&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20404 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water reservoirs; Surface roughness; Salinity effects; Water resources; Multiphase flow; Isotherms; Carbon dioxide; Micas; Brines; Drainage; Water resources research; Reservoirs; Experimental Data; Hysteresis; Minerals; Multiphase Flow; Carbon Dioxide; Films DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20404 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SeTES; a self-teaching expert system for the analysis, design, and prediction of gas production from unconventional gas resources AN - 1492586384; 2014-007284 AB - SeTES is a self-teaching expert system that (a) can incorporate evolving databases involving any type and amount of relevant data (geological, geophysical, geomechanical, stimulation, petrophysical, reservoir, production, etc.) originating from unconventional gas reservoirs, i.e., tight sands, shale or coalbeds, (b) can continuously update its built-in public database and refine the its underlying decision-making metrics and process, (c) can make recommendations about well stimulation, well location, orientation, design, and operation, (d) offers predictions of the performance of proposed wells (and quantitative estimates of the corresponding uncertainty), and (e) permits the analysis of data from installed wells for parameter estimation and continuous expansion of its database. Thus, SeTES integrates and processes information from multiple and diverse sources to make recommendations and support decision making at multiple time-scales, while expanding its internal database and explicitly addressing uncertainty. It receives and manages data in three forms: public data, that have been made available by various contributors, semi-public data, which conceal some identifying aspects but are available to compute important statistics, and a user's private data, which can be protected and used for more targeted design and decision making. It is the first implementation of a novel architecture that allows previously independent analysis methods and tools to share data, integrate results, and intelligently and iteratively extract the most value from the dataset. SeTES also presents a new paradigm for communicating research and technology to the public and distributing scientific tools and methods. It is expected to result in a significant improvement in reserve estimates, and increases in production by increasing efficiency and reducing uncertainty. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Moridis, George J AU - Reagan, Matthew T AU - Anderson Kuzma, Heidi AU - Blasingame, Thomas A AU - Huang, Y Wayne AU - Santos, Ralph AU - Boyle, Katie L AU - Freeman, Craig M AU - Ilk, Dilhan AU - Cossio, Manuel AU - Bhattacharya, Srimoyee AU - Nikolaou, Michael Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 100 EP - 115 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 58 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - Bayesian analysis KW - natural gas KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - prediction KW - optimization KW - petroleum KW - decision-making KW - simulation KW - production KW - energy sources KW - mathematical methods KW - new energy sources KW - uncertainty KW - SeTES system KW - design KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492586384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=SeTES%3B+a+self-teaching+expert+system+for+the+analysis%2C+design%2C+and+prediction+of+gas+production+from+unconventional+gas+resources&rft.au=Moridis%2C+George+J%3BReagan%2C+Matthew+T%3BAnderson+Kuzma%2C+Heidi%3BBlasingame%2C+Thomas+A%3BHuang%2C+Y+Wayne%3BSantos%2C+Ralph%3BBoyle%2C+Katie+L%3BFreeman%2C+Craig+M%3BIlk%2C+Dilhan%3BCossio%2C+Manuel%3BBhattacharya%2C+Srimoyee%3BNikolaou%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2013.04.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bayesian analysis; data processing; decision-making; design; energy sources; geophysical methods; mathematical methods; natural gas; new energy sources; optimization; petroleum; prediction; production; SeTES system; simulation; statistical analysis; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.04.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of kinetics on the oxygen isotope composition of calcium carbonate AN - 1464887175; 2013-093351 AB - Paleotemperature reconstructions rely on knowledge of the equilibrium separation of oxygen isotopes between aqueous solution and calcium carbonate. Although oxygen isotope separation is expected on theoretical grounds, the temperature-dependence remains uncertain because other factors, such as slow exchange of isotopes between dissolved CO (sub 2) -species and water, can obscure the temperature signal. This is problematic for crystal growth experiments on laboratory timescales and for interpreting the oxygen isotope composition of crystals formed in natural settings. We present results from experiments in which inorganic calcite is precipitated in the presence of 0.25mu M dissolved bovine carbonic anhydrase (CA). The presence of dissolved CA accelerates oxygen isotope equilibration between the dissolved carbon species CO (sub 2) , H (sub 2) CO (sub 3) , HCO (sub 3) (super -) , CO (sub 3) (super 2-) and water, thereby eliminating this source of isotopic disequilibrium during calcite growth. The experimental results allow us to isolate, for the first time, kinetic oxygen isotope effects occurring at the calcite-water interface. We present a framework of ion-by-ion growth of calcite that reconciles our new measurements with measurements of natural cave calcites that are the best candidate for having precipitated under near-equilibrium conditions. Our findings suggest that isotopic equilibrium between calcite and water is unlikely to have been established in laboratory experiments or in many natural settings. The use of CA in carbonate precipitation experiments offers new opportunities to refine oxygen isotope-based geothermometers and to interrogate environmental variables other than temperature that influence calcite growth rates. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Watkins, James M AU - Nielsen, Laura C AU - Ryerson, Frederick J AU - DePaolo, Donald J Y1 - 2013/08/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 01 SP - 349 EP - 360 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 375 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - growth rates KW - carbonic acid KW - geologic thermometry KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - crystal growth KW - aqueous solutions KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - paleotemperature KW - calcium carbonate KW - kinetics KW - inorganic acids KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - solutes KW - O-18/O-16 KW - bicarbonate ion KW - equilibrium KW - calcite KW - precipitation KW - carbonates KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464887175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+kinetics+on+the+oxygen+isotope+composition+of+calcium+carbonate&rft.au=Watkins%2C+James+M%3BNielsen%2C+Laura+C%3BRyerson%2C+Frederick+J%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=375&rft.issue=&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2013.05.054 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; bicarbonate ion; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbon dioxide; carbonates; carbonic acid; crystal growth; equilibrium; experimental studies; geologic thermometry; growth rates; inorganic acids; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; laboratory studies; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleotemperature; precipitation; solutes; stable isotopes; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.05.054 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical and geophysical responses during the infiltration of fresh water into the contaminated saprolite of the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site, Tennessee AN - 1464885064; 2013-095560 AB - At the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site, Tennessee, the saprolitic aquifer was contaminated by leaks from the former S-3 disposal ponds between 1951 and 1983. The chemistry of the contaminant plume is also episodically impacted by fresh meteoritic water infiltrating vertically from a shallow variably saturated perched zone and the ditch surrounding the former S-3 ponds. We performed a column experiment using saprolite from the contaminated aquifer to understand the geochemical and complex electrical conductivity signatures associated with such events. The changes in the pH and pore water ionic strength are responsible for measurable changes in both the in-phase and quadrature conductivities. The pore water conductivity can be related to the nitrate concentration (the main ionic species in the plume) while the release of uranium is controlled by the pH. We developed a simple model to determine the pore water conductivity and pH from the recorded complex conductivity. This model is applied to time-lapse resistivity data at the IFRC site. Time-lapse inversion of resistivity data, performed with an active time constrain approach, shows the occurrence of an infiltration event during the winter of 2008-2009 with a dilution of the pore water chemistry and an increase of the pH. A simple numerical simulation of the infiltration of fresh water into the unconfined contaminated aquifer is consistent with this scenario. Abstract Copyright (2013), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Revil, A AU - Wu, Y AU - Karaoulis, M AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Watson, D B AU - Eppehimer, J D Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 4952 EP - 4970 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - electrical conductivity KW - numerical models KW - contaminant plumes KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - fresh water KW - resistivity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - saprolite KW - infiltration KW - digital simulation KW - time-lapse methods KW - Tennessee KW - induced polarization KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464885064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Geochemical+and+geophysical+responses+during+the+infiltration+of+fresh+water+into+the+contaminated+saprolite+of+the+Oak+Ridge+Integrated+Field+Research+Challenge+site%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Revil%2C+A%3BWu%2C+Y%3BKaraoulis%2C+M%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BEppehimer%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Revil&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4952&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20380 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; aquifers; contaminant plumes; data processing; digital simulation; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; fresh water; geophysical methods; ground water; induced polarization; infiltration; numerical models; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pH; pollution; resistivity; saprolite; Tennessee; time-lapse methods; United States; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20380 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fiber optic solar lighting: Functional competitiveness and potential AN - 1464560816; 18727085 AB - Active daylighting schemes utilize sunlight more aggressively, promoting flexibility in the application of sunlight for indoor illumination. The daylighting system based on fiber-optic solar concentrator technologies is one of such systems that constantly track the sun to capture its beam radiation for indoor illumination. This paper introduces the applicability and functional effectiveness of a daylighting system which consists of dish concentrator (s), a dual-axis solar tracker and light guides including optical fiber cables. Simulation models were developed using a number of different software where Photopia provided the relevant photometric data (candela power distribution curves, CDCs) by producing a virtual luminaire of the daylighting system. To assess the validity of different models, a series of tests for the system's application to a test chamber were carried out. The effective combination of sunlight and conventional electric lighting is also explored with the application of a dimming control. JF - Solar Energy AU - Han, HJ AU - Riffat, S B AU - Lim, SH AU - Oh, S J AD - Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, hyunjhan@lbl.gov A2 - Scartezzini, J-L (ed) Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - Aug 2013 SP - 86 EP - 101 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 94 SN - 0038-092X, 0038-092X KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Lighting KW - Simulation KW - Indoor illumination KW - Computer programs KW - Radiation KW - Numerical simulations KW - Photometric observations KW - Sun KW - Sunlight KW - Competition KW - Solar energy KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.521.2/.3:Absorption Emissions Scattering (551.521.2/.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464560816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Solar+Energy&rft.atitle=Fiber+optic+solar+lighting%3A+Functional+competitiveness+and+potential&rft.au=Han%2C+HJ%3BRiffat%2C+S+B%3BLim%2C+SH%3BOh%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=HJ&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=&rft.spage=86&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Solar+Energy&rft.issn=0038092X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Numerical simulations; Radiation; Photometric observations; Indoor illumination; Solar energy; Computer programs; Sun; Simulation; Lighting; Sunlight; Competition; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A disordered nanoparticle model for 6-line ferrihydrite AN - 1434006145; 2013-073828 AB - Much of the bioavailable and geochemically reactive iron in aerobic, circumneutral settings is frequently found in the form of nanoscale particles of a hydrated iron(III) oxyhydroxide phase known as ferrihydrite. Developing useful structural descriptions of defective nanophases such as ferrihydrite has long posed significant challenges. Recently, Michel et al. (2007, 2010) proposed a structural model for ferrihydrite in place of the long-accepted model of Drits et al. (1993). Both models reproduce to high accuracy certain forms of X-ray scattering data from powdered ferrihydrite. However, discrepancies remain that we hypothesized are due to forms of structural disorder not easily represented by existing models. To test this hypothesis, we performed a novel structural analysis of total X-ray scattering data acquired from 6-line ferrihydrite. We generated three candidate whole-nanoparticle models of ferrihydrite composed of a two-phase Drits model, the Michel model, and a hybrid phase based on a single-phase Drits model that incorporated tetrahedral Fe sites, creating a lattice in which the Michel model was one of many possible topologies. We implemented a reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) approach to explore alternative configurations of iron occupancies plus structural disorder, and to refine the nanoparticle structure using both the reciprocal and real-space forms of the X-ray scattering data. We additionally used oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy to semi-quantitatively assess the ratio of protonated:non-protonated oxygen sites in an iron(III) oxides. This analysis provides independent evidence for a significantly lower OH:O stoichiometric ratio for ferrihydrite than for goethite, further constraining the RMC models. The hybrid structure model gave better agreement to the experimental total scattering data than nanoparticles based upon either the Michel or Drits models. Models that incorporated tetrahedrally coordinated iron sites consistently achieved better matches to the data than models containing face-sharing octahedra. Long-range vacancy disorder was essential for optimum fits to the scattering data, highlighting the utility of whole-nanoparticle models in place of unit-cell models with random distributions of iron vacancies. The RMC-derived structures do not satisfy all experimental constraints on composition and structure. Nevertheless this work illustrates that a suitably constrained RMC method applied to whole-nanoparticle models can be an effective approach for exploring disorder in nanocrystalline materials. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Erbs, Jasmine J AU - Penn, R Lee AU - Petkov, Valeri AU - Spagnoli, Dino AU - Waychunas, Glenn A Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 1465 EP - 1476 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 98 IS - 8-9 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - Michel model KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - unit cell KW - ferrihydrite KW - Drits model KW - order-disorder KW - models KW - X-rays KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - X-ray analysis KW - oxides KW - spectroscopy KW - reverse Monte Carlo analysis KW - nanoparticles KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434006145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=A+disordered+nanoparticle+model+for+6-line+ferrihydrite&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BErbs%2C+Jasmine+J%3BPenn%2C+R+Lee%3BPetkov%2C+Valeri%3BSpagnoli%2C+Dino%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=1465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam.2013.4421 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drits model; ferrihydrite; Michel model; models; Monte Carlo analysis; nanoparticles; order-disorder; oxides; reverse Monte Carlo analysis; spectroscopy; statistical analysis; unit cell; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectroscopy; X-rays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2013.4421 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficiency improvement opportunities for personal computer monitors: implications for market transformation programs AN - 1412519735; 18251897 AB - Displays account for a significant portion of electricity consumed in personal computer (PC) use, and global PC monitor shipments are expected to continue to increase. We assess the market trends in the energy efficiency of PC monitors that are likely to occur without any additional policy intervention and estimate that PC monitor efficiency will likely improve by over 40 % by 2015 with saving potential of 4.5 TWh per year in 2015, compared to today's technology. We discuss various energy-efficiency improvement options and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of three of them, at least one of which improves efficiency by at least 20 % cost effectively beyond the ongoing market trends. We assess the potential for further improving efficiency taking into account the recent development of universal serial bus-powered liquid crystal display monitors and find that the current technology available and deployed in them has the potential to deeply and cost effectively reduce energy consumption by as much as 50 %. We provide insights for policies and programs that can be used to accelerate the adoption of efficient technologies to further capture global energy saving potential from PC monitors which we estimate to be 9.2 TWh per year in 2015. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Park, Won Young AU - Phadke, Amol AU - Shah, Nihar AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, WYPark@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - Aug 2013 SP - 545 EP - 569 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Cost benefit analysis KW - Technology KW - M3:1010 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412519735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Efficiency+improvement+opportunities+for+personal+computer+monitors%3A+implications+for+market+transformation+programs&rft.au=Park%2C+Won+Young%3BPhadke%2C+Amol%3BShah%2C+Nihar&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Won&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-013-9191-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-013-9191-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The future of utility customer-funded energy efficiency programs in the USA: projected spending and savings to 2025 AN - 1412519655; 18251893 AB - We develop projections of future spending on, and savings from, energy efficiency programs funded by electric and gas utility customers in the USA, under three scenarios through 2025. Our analysis, which updates a previous LBNL study, relies on detailed bottom-up modeling of current state energy efficiency policies, regulatory decisions, and demand-side management and utility resource plans. The three scenarios are intended to represent a range of potential outcomes under the current policy environment (i.e., without considering possible major new policy developments). Key findings from the analysis are as follows:By 2025, spending on electric and gas efficiency programs (excluding load management programs) is projected to double from 2010 levels to $9.5 billion in the medium case, compared to $15.6 billion in the high case and $6.5 billion in the low case.Compliance with statewide legislative or regulatory savings or spending targets is the primary driver for the increase in electric program spending through 2025, though a significant share of the increase is also driven by utility DSM planning activity and integrated resource planning.Our analysis suggests that electric efficiency program spending may approach a more even geographic distribution over time in terms of absolute dollars spent, with the Northeastern and Western states declining from over 70 % of total USA spending in 2010 to slightly more than 50 % in 2025, and the South and Midwest splitting the remainder roughly evenly.Under our medium case scenario, annual incremental savings from customer-funded electric energy efficiency programs increase from 18.4 TWh in 2010 in the USA (which is about 0.5 % of electric utility retail sales) to 28.8 TWh in 2025 (0.8 % of retail sales).These savings would offset the majority of load growth in the Energy Information Administration's most recent reference case forecast, given specific assumptions about the extent to which future energy efficiency program savings are captured in that forecast.The pathway that customer-funded efficiency programs ultimately take will depend on a series of key challenges and uncertainties associated both with the broader market and policy context and with the implementation and regulatory oversight of the energy efficiency programs themselves. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Barbose, Galen L AU - Goldman, Charles A AU - Hoffman, Ian M AU - Billingsley, Megan AD - Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90R4000, Berkeley, CA, 94720-8136, USA, glbarbose@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - Aug 2013 SP - 475 EP - 493 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - USA KW - M3:1010 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412519655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=The+future+of+utility+customer-funded+energy+efficiency+programs+in+the+USA%3A+projected+spending+and+savings+to+2025&rft.au=Barbose%2C+Galen+L%3BGoldman%2C+Charles+A%3BHoffman%2C+Ian+M%3BBillingsley%2C+Megan&rft.aulast=Barbose&rft.aufirst=Galen&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-012-9187-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-012-9187-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bidirectional transcription of trinucleotide repeats: roles for excision repair. AN - 1411631590; 23669397 AB - Genomic instability at repetitive DNA regions in cells of the nervous system leads to a number of neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases, including those with an expanded trinucleotide repeat (TNR) tract at or nearby an expressed gene. Expansion causes disease when a particular base sequence is repeated beyond the normal range, interfering with the expression or properties of a gene product. Disease severity and onset depend on the number of repeats. As the length of the repeat tract grows, so does the size of the successive expansions and the likelihood of another unstable event. In fragile X syndrome, for example, CGG repeat instability and pathogenesis are not typically observed below tracts of roughly 50 repeats, but occur frequently at or above 55 repeats, and are virtually certain above 100-300 repeats. Recent evidence points to bidirectional transcription as a new aspect of TNR instability and pathophysiology. Bidirectional transcription of TNR genes produces novel proteins and/or regulatory RNAs that influence both toxicity and epigenetic changes in TNR promoters. Bidirectional transcription of the TNR tract appears to influence aspects of its stability, gene processing, splicing, gene silencing, and chemical modification of DNAs. Paradoxically, however, some of the same effects are observed on both the expanded TNR gene and on its normal gene counterpart. In this review, we discuss the possible normal and abnormal effects of bidirectional transcription on trinucleotide repeat instability, the role of DNA repair in causing, preventing, or maintaining methylation, and chromatin environment of TNR genes. JF - DNA repair AU - Budworth, Helen AU - McMurray, Cynthia T AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 672 EP - 684 VL - 12 IS - 8 KW - Chromatin KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Coding KW - Trinucleotide KW - Neurodegenerative KW - Bidirectional transcription KW - RNA transcript KW - Excision repair KW - Animals KW - Chromatin -- metabolism KW - Genomic Instability KW - Gene Silencing KW - Fragile X Syndrome -- genetics KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Fragile X Syndrome -- pathology KW - Chromatin -- genetics KW - DNA Repair -- genetics KW - Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion -- genetics KW - Transcription, Genetic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1411631590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DNA+repair&rft.atitle=Bidirectional+transcription+of+trinucleotide+repeats%3A+roles+for+excision+repair.&rft.au=Budworth%2C+Helen%3BMcMurray%2C+Cynthia+T&rft.aulast=Budworth&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=672&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DNA+repair&rft.issn=1568-7856&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.dnarep.2013.04.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-12-24 N1 - Date created - 2013-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Hum Genet. 2011 Aug;130(2):223-36 [21626138] Nat Rev Genet. 2011 Aug;12(8):542-53 [21765457] DNA Repair (Amst). 2011 Jul 15;10(7):722-9 [21592868] Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2011 Sep-Oct;2(5):632-46 [21823226] Hum Mol Genet. 2011 Sep 1;20(17):3467-77 [21672921] 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Nov;114(5):331-7 [16075283] Mol Cell. 2005 Nov 11;20(3):483-9 [16285929] Chem Res Toxicol. 2006 Feb;19(2):234-41 [16485899] Nucleic Acids Res. 2006;34(4):1205-15 [16500891] Differentiation. 2006 Mar;74(2-3):65-80 [16533306] Biochem Soc Symp. 2006;(73):59-66 [16626287] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jun 20;103(25):9613-8 [16772382] Hum Mol Genet. 2006 Jul 1;15(13):2138-45 [16723374] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2013.04.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probabilistic analysis of fracture reactivation associated with deep underground CO (sub 2) injection AN - 1832668004; 711205-12 AB - In the context of carbon capture and storage, deep underground injection of CO (sub 2) induces the geomechanical changes within and around the injection zone and their impact on CO (sub 2) storage security should be evaluated. In this study, we conduct coupled multiphase fluid flow and geomechanical modeling to investigate such geomechanical changes, focusing on probabilistic analysis of injection-induced fracture reactivation (such as shear slip) that could lead to enhanced permeability and CO (sub 2) migration across otherwise low-permeability caprock formations. Fracture reactivation in terms of shear slip was analyzed by implicitly considering the fracture orientations generated using the Latin hypercube sampling method, in one case using published fracture statistics from a CO (sub 2) storage site. The analysis was conducted by a coupled multiphase fluid flow and geomechanical simulation to first calculate the three-dimensional stress evolution during a hypothetical CO (sub 2) injection operation and then evaluate the probability of shear slip considering the statistical fracture distribution and a Coulomb failure analysis. We evaluate the probability of shear slip at different points within the injection zone and in the caprock just above the injection zone and relate this to the potential for opening of new flow paths through the caprock. Our analysis showed that a reverse faulting stress field would be most favorable for avoiding fracture shear reactivation, but site-specific analyses will be required because of strong dependency of the local stress field and fracture orientations. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag Wien JF - Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering AU - Lee, Jaewon AU - Min, Ki-Bok AU - Rutqvist, Jonny Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 801 EP - 820 PB - Springer-Verlag, Vienna - New York VL - 46 IS - 4 SN - 0723-2632, 0723-2632 KW - fractured materials KW - failures KW - carbon capture and storage KW - sealing KW - underground storage KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - research KW - reactivation KW - rock mechanics KW - carbon dioxide KW - fractures KW - underground installations KW - probability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832668004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.atitle=Probabilistic+analysis+of+fracture+reactivation+associated+with+deep+underground+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jaewon%3BMin%2C+Ki-Bok%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jaewon&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=801&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.issn=07232632&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00603-012-0321-3 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101578/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - RMREDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon capture and storage; carbon dioxide; failures; fractured materials; fractures; prediction; probability; reactivation; research; rock mechanics; sealing; statistical analysis; underground installations; underground storage DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-012-0321-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of plume distribution for carbon sequestration using parameter estimation with limited monitoring data AN - 1703685598; 2015-077448 AB - This study develops and evaluates an integrated methodology including parameter zonation, efficient global optimization, and multiple aquifer realizations that gives a useful forecast of the pressure distribution and the CO (sub 2) plume migration through a heterogeneous storage formation, over time, using only a few monitoring locations in a feasibly short amount of computing time, while dealing with data error. Geological characteristics of the example application are similar to a CO (sub 2) sequestration pilot test conducted in a fluvial-deltaic geological setting. In the example, the CO (sub 2) injection problem is simulated with the TOUGH2 code, a numerical simulator for multiphase (gas and aqueous), multicomponent flow and transport. The inverse problem is difficult because the GCS optimization estimation problem has multiple local minima and the simulation is computationally expensive. The efficient surrogate response surface global optimization algorithm "Stochastic RBF" (stochastic radial basis function) is used to calibrate the model parameters. Results are averaged over three saline aquifer realizations. In the third numerical experiment using only pressure data, the CO (sub 2) plume could be determined with an average correlation coefficient compared to the actual plume of up to R (super 2) = 0.916 (for current plume at t = 1.5 years) and average R (super 2) = 0.80 (for forecasted plume estimated at t = 7.5 years years, using only the first 1.5 years of monitoring data). Adding gas saturation data improved the 6 year forecast somewhat (increasing average R (super 2) = 0.85) but it was not significantly helpful in estimating the current plume. Both our inverse methodology and findings can be broadly applicable to GCS in heterogeneous sedimentary formations. Abstract Copyright (2013), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Espinet, Antoine AU - Shoemaker, Christine AU - Doughty, Christine Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 4442 EP - 4464 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - migration KW - plumes KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - shale KW - data processing KW - optimization KW - calibration KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - spatial distribution KW - gas injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - heterogeneous materials KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - multiphase flow KW - clastic rocks KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703685598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+plume+distribution+for+carbon+sequestration+using+parameter+estimation+with+limited+monitoring+data&rft.au=Espinet%2C+Antoine%3BShoemaker%2C+Christine%3BDoughty%2C+Christine&rft.aulast=Espinet&rft.aufirst=Antoine&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4442&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20326 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 97 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; calibration; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; gas injection; ground water; heterogeneous materials; migration; multiphase flow; numerical models; optimization; plumes; sedimentary rocks; shale; spatial distribution; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20326 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New materials based on a layered sodium titanate for dual electrochemical Na and Li intercalation systems AN - 1700994574; 18277613 AB - The electrochemical properties of materials derived from NaTi sub(3)O sub(6)(OH).2H sub(2)O have been investigated for the first time. The parent compound has a corrugated layered structure consisting of {Ti sub(6)O sub(14)} super( 4-) units with hydrated sodium cations and protons in the interlayer spaces. Upon heating to 600 degree C, water is removed irreversibly, the interlayer distances become smaller, and connecting bonds between the octahedral layers form. It was found that this material can reversibly intercalate both lithium and sodium. The initial specific discharge capacities, as measured in half-cells, varied with the state of hydration and the nature of the counter electrode (Na or Li). The electrochemical potential showed a non-linear sloping dependence with degree of intercalation, indicative of a solid-solution mechanism of intercalation. The process was centered at a low average potential of about 0.3 V vs.Na or Li, the lowest ever reported for titanate-based Li hosts. The higher density and potential for higher rate capability of this compound, in comparison to carbonaceous materials with similar voltage and reversible capacities, make a compelling case for its development as an anode material, for both lithium and sodium ion batteries. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Shirpour, Mona AU - Cabana, Jordi AU - Doeff, Marca AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of California; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - 2538 EP - 2547 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 6 IS - 8 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Sodium KW - Interlayers KW - Cations KW - Density KW - Electrodes KW - Intercalation KW - Lithium KW - Carbonaceous materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700994574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=New+materials+based+on+a+layered+sodium+titanate+for+dual+electrochemical+Na+and+Li+intercalation+systems&rft.au=Shirpour%2C+Mona%3BCabana%2C+Jordi%3BDoeff%2C+Marca&rft.aulast=Shirpour&rft.aufirst=Mona&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2538&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ee41037d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ee41037d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating the permafrost-carbon climate response in the CMIP5 climate models using a simplified approach AN - 1700096647; 2015-071604 AB - Under climate change, thawing permafrost may cause a release of carbon, which has a positive feedback on the climate. The permafrost-carbon climate response (gamma PF) is the additional permafrost-carbon made vulnerable to decomposition per degree of global temperature increase. A simple framework was adopted to estimate gamma PF using the database for phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The projected changes in the annual maximum active layer thicknesses (ALT (sub max) ) over the twenty-first century were quantified using CMIP5 soil temperatures. These changes were combined with the observed distribution of soil organic carbon and its potential decomposability to give gamma PF. This estimate of gamma PF is dependent on the biases in the simulated present-day permafrost. This dependency was reduced by combining a reference estimate of the present-day ALT (sub max) with an estimate of the sensitivity of ALT (sub max) to temperature from the CMIP5 models. In this case, gamma PF was from -6 to -66 PgC K (super -1) (5th-95th percentile) with a radiative forcing of 0.03-0.29 W m (super -2) K (super -1) . This range is mainly caused by uncertainties in the amount of soil carbon deeper in the soil profile and whether it thaws over the time scales under consideration. These results suggest that including permafrost-carbon within climate models will lead to an increase in the positive global carbon climate feedback. Under future climate change the northern high-latitude permafrost region is expected to be a small sink of carbon. Adding the permafrost-carbon response is likely to change this region to a source of carbon. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Burke, Eleanor J AU - Jones, Chris D AU - Koven, Charles D Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 4897 EP - 4909 PB - American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA VL - 26 IS - 14 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - soils KW - models KW - permafrost KW - carbon KW - carbon cycle KW - active layer KW - thawing KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - geochemical cycle KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700096647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+permafrost-carbon+climate+response+in+the+CMIP5+climate+models+using+a+simplified+approach&rft.au=Burke%2C+Eleanor+J%3BJones%2C+Chris+D%3BKoven%2C+Charles+D&rft.aulast=Burke&rft.aufirst=Eleanor&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=4897&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-12-00550.1 L2 - http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/clim LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; carbon; carbon cycle; climate change; geochemical cycle; models; permafrost; soils; temperature; thawing DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00550.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dental applications of nanostructured bioactive glass and its composites AN - 1647012185; 21310729 AB - To improve treatments of bone or dental trauma and diseases such as osteoporosis, cancer, and infections, scientists who perform basic research are collaborating with clinicians to design and test new biomaterials for the regeneration of lost or injured tissue. Developed some 40 years ago, bioactive glass (BG) has recently become one of the most promising biomaterials, a consequence of discoveries that its unusual properties elicit specific biological responses inside the body. Among these important properties are the capability of BG to form strong interfaces with both hard and soft tissues, and its release of ions upon dissolution. Recent developments in nanotechnology have introduced opportunities for materials sciences to advance dental and bone therapies. For example, the applications for BG expand as it becomes possible to finely control structures and physicochemical properties of materials at the molecular level. Here, we review how the properties of these materials have been enhanced by the advent of nanotechnology, and how these developments are producing promising results in hard-tissue regeneration and development of innovative BG-based drug delivery systems. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2013, 5:399-410. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1224 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article. JF - Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology AU - Polini, Alessandro AU - Bai, Hao AU - Tomsia, Antoni P AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA., apolini@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 399 EP - 410 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1939-5116, 1939-5116 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bone cancer KW - Drug delivery KW - Ions KW - Bone biomaterials KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Osteoporosis KW - Infection KW - Cancer KW - Trauma KW - Regeneration KW - Bone diseases KW - Biomaterials KW - Dissolution KW - Soft tissues KW - nanotechnology KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1647012185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wiley+Interdisciplinary+Reviews%3A+Nanomedicine+and+Nanobiotechnology&rft.atitle=Dental+applications+of+nanostructured+bioactive+glass+and+its+composites&rft.au=Polini%2C+Alessandro%3BBai%2C+Hao%3BTomsia%2C+Antoni+P&rft.aulast=Polini&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wiley+Interdisciplinary+Reviews%3A+Nanomedicine+and+Nanobiotechnology&rft.issn=19395116&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwnan.1224 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Drug delivery; Bone cancer; Bone biomaterials; Physicochemical properties; Osteoporosis; Infection; Cancer; Trauma; Regeneration; Biomaterials; Bone diseases; Dissolution; Soft tissues; nanotechnology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wnan.1224 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Net primary energy balance of a solar-driven photoelectrochemical water-splitting device AN - 1642327554; 18277610 AB - A fundamental requirement for a renewable energy generation technology is that it should produce more energy during its lifetime than is required to manufacture it. In this study we evaluate the primary energy requirements of a prospective renewable energy technology, solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) production of hydrogen from water. Using a life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, we evaluate the primary energy requirements for upstream raw material preparation and fabrication under a range of assumptions of processes and materials. As the technology is at a very early stage of research and development, the analysis has considerable uncertainties. We consider and analyze three cases that we believe span a relevant range of primary energy requirements: 1550 MJ m super(-2) (lower case), 2110 MJ m super(-2) (medium case), and 3440 MJ m super(-2) (higher case). We then use the medium case primary energy requirement to estimate the net primary energy balance (energy produced minus energy requirement) of the PEC device, which depends on device performance, e.g. longevity and solar-to-hydrogen (STH) efficiency. We consider STH efficiency ranging from 3% to 10% and longevity ranging from 5 to 30 years to assist in setting targets for research, development and future commercialization. For example, if STH efficiency is 3%, the longevity must be at least 8 years to yield a positive net energy. A sensitivity analysis shows that the net energy varies significantly with different assumptions of STH efficiency, longevity and thermo-efficiency of fabrication. Material choices for photoelectrodes or catalysts do not have a large influence on primary energy requirements, though less abundant materials like platinum may be unsuitable for large scale-up. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Zhai, Pei AU - Haussener, Sophia AU - Ager, Joel AU - Sathre, Roger AU - Walczak, Karl AU - Greenblatt, Jeffery AU - McKone, Thomas AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; USA clarezhai@gmail.com PY - 2013 SP - 2380 EP - 2389 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 6 IS - 8 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Energy use KW - Life cycle assessment KW - Renewable energy KW - Energy management KW - Devices KW - Energy requirements KW - Materials selection KW - Longevity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642327554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Net+primary+energy+balance+of+a+solar-driven+photoelectrochemical+water-splitting+device&rft.au=Zhai%2C+Pei%3BHaussener%2C+Sophia%3BAger%2C+Joel%3BSathre%2C+Roger%3BWalczak%2C+Karl%3BGreenblatt%2C+Jeffery%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Zhai&rft.aufirst=Pei&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2380&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ee40880a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ee40880a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring the potential formation of organic solids in chondrites and comets through polymerization of interstellar formaldehyde AN - 1618132152; 2014-086179 AB - Polymerization of interstellar formaldehyde, first through the formose reaction and then through subsequent condensation reactions, provides a plausible explanation for how abundant and highly chemically complex organic solids may have come to exist in primitive solar system objects. In order to gain better insight on the reaction, a systematic study of the relationship of synthesis temperature with resultant molecular structure was performed. In addition, the effect of the presence of ammonia on the reaction rate and molecular structure of the product was studied. The synthesized formaldehyde polymer is directly compared to chondritic insoluble organic matter (IOM) isolated from primitive meteorites using solid-state (super 13) C nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy. The molecular structure of the formaldehyde polymer is shown to exhibit considerable similarity at the functional group level with primitive chondritic IOM. The addition of ammonia to the solution enhances the rate of polymerization reaction at lower temperatures and results in substantial incorporation of nitrogen into the polymer. Morphologically, the formaldehyde polymer exists as submicron to micron-sized spheroidal particles and spheroidal particle aggregates that bare considerable similarity to the organic nanoglobules commonly observed in chondritic IOM. These spectroscopic and morphological data support the hypothesis that IOM in chondrites and refractory organic carbon in comets may have formed through the polymerization of interstellar formaldehyde after planetesimal accretion, in the presence of liquid water, early in the history of the solar system. Copyright (Copyright) 2013. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. JF - The Astrophysical Journal AU - Kebukawa, Yoko AU - Kilcoyne, A L David AU - Cody, George D Y1 - 2013/07/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jul 01 EP - Paper No. 19 PB - IOP Publishing for American Astronomical Society, Bristol VL - 771 IS - 1 SN - 0004-637X, 0004-637X KW - ammonium KW - stony meteorites KW - polymerization KW - planetesimals KW - infrared spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - meteorites KW - FTIR spectra KW - chemical reactions KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - organic carbon KW - chondrites KW - interstellar dust KW - geochemistry KW - solar system KW - experimental studies KW - accretion KW - condensation KW - formaldehyde KW - cosmochemistry KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - X-ray spectra KW - molecular structure KW - organic compounds KW - cosmic dust KW - comets KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618132152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=Exploring+the+potential+formation+of+organic+solids+in+chondrites+and+comets+through+polymerization+of+interstellar+formaldehyde&rft.au=Kebukawa%2C+Yoko%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+David%3BCody%2C+George+D&rft.aulast=Kebukawa&rft.aufirst=Yoko&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=771&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.issn=0004637X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F771%2F1%2F19 L2 - http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by IOP Publishing Ltd., London, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 89 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accretion; ammonium; carbon; carbonaceous chondrites; chemical reactions; chondrites; comets; condensation; cosmic dust; cosmochemistry; experimental studies; formaldehyde; FTIR spectra; geochemistry; infrared spectra; interstellar dust; meteorites; molecular structure; organic carbon; organic compounds; planetesimals; polymerization; solar system; spectra; stony meteorites; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/771/1/19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of a new bare-soil evaporation formulation on site, regional, and global surface energy and water budgets in CLM4 AN - 1529951267; 19802806 AB - We describe the implementation of a new bare-soil evaporation formulation in the Community Land Model-version 4 (CLM4). This new formulation comprises two components: (1) a full-range (desiccated to fully saturated) soil water retention curve (SWRC) parameterization that extends the classical Clapp-Hornberger parameterization and (2) a mechanistically based formulation of soil resistance that considers the effects of water vapor diffusion and liquid mass flow. Predictions by the new SWRC parameterization matched measured soil matric pressure data across a wide soil moisture range for six very different soils. We assessed the revised bare-soil evaporation formulation with two types of global simulations, one with prescribed satellite plant phenology and the other with bare-soil conditions. Compared with the default CLM4 soil evaporation formulation, the revised model leads to (1) slightly lower (-0.2 0 mm d super(-1) averaged annually) bare-soil evaporation in moderately wet regions; (2) slightly higher (0 0.2 mm d super(-1) averaged annually) bare-soil evaporation in semiarid regions; (3) small changes in global surface energy and water balances across all temporal scales for both vegetated and nonvegetated simulations; and (4) a small reduction (-0.2 0 mm d super(-1) averaged annually) in the current overestimation of evapotranspiration in densely vegetated regions such as the Amazon basin. However, contrary to expectation and consistent with the default CLM4, the simulated bare-soil evapotranspiration remains higher than that of the vegetated soil in the same grid cells. We conclude that further studies are needed to identify the processes that lead to the overestimation of bare-soil evaporation in CLM4. Key Points * a new mechanistically based soil resistance formulation is proposed * Water vapor transport dominates the latent heat flux in dry regions * The beta factor approach compares equally well for modeling soil evaporation. JF - Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems AU - Tang, Jinyun AU - Riley, William J AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - 558 EP - 571 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 1942-2466, 1942-2466 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - soil evaporation KW - soil water retention curve KW - Water vapor diffusion KW - Water Vapor KW - Water vapor transport KW - Evaporation KW - Water budget KW - Hydrologic Budget KW - Resistance KW - Phenology KW - Evaporation from soil KW - Pressure data KW - Environmental impact KW - Simulation KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Soil moisture retention KW - Model Studies KW - Heat transfer KW - Saturated Soils KW - Numerical simulations KW - South America, Amazon R. KW - Energy KW - Plant phenology KW - Latent heat flux KW - Soil moisture KW - Fluctuations KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529951267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+a+new+bare-soil+evaporation+formulation+on+site%2C+regional%2C+and+global+surface+energy+and+water+budgets+in+CLM4&rft.au=Tang%2C+Jinyun%3BRiley%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=Jinyun&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=558&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems&rft.issn=19422466&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjame.20034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phenology; Water budget; Evaporation; Environmental impact; Simulation; Evapotranspiration; Heat transfer; Water vapor diffusion; Water vapor transport; Numerical simulations; Evaporation from soil; Plant phenology; Soil moisture; Latent heat flux; Soil moisture retention; Pressure data; Saturated Soils; Water Vapor; Resistance; Energy; Hydrologic Budget; Fluctuations; Model Studies; South America, Amazon R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jame.20034 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeophysical investigations of the former S-3 ponds contaminant plumes, Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge Site, Tennessee AN - 1477832940; 2014-004284 AB - At the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site, near Oak Ridge, Tennessee, contaminants from the former S-3 ponds have infiltrated the shallow saprolite for over 60 years. Two- and three-dimensional DC-resistivity tomography is used to characterize the number and location of the main contaminant plumes, which include high concentration of nitrate. These contaminant plumes have typically an electrical resistivity in the range 2-20 ohm-m while the background saprolite resistivity is in the range 60-120 ohm-m, so the difference of resistivity can be easily mapped using DC-resistivity tomography to locate the contaminant pathways. We develop a relationship to derive the in situ nitrate concentrations from the 3D resistivity tomograms accounting for the effect of surface conductivity. The footprint of the contamination upon the resistivity is found to be much stronger than the local variations associated with changes in the porosity and the clay content. With this method, we identified a total of five main plumes (termed CP1 to CP5). Plume CP2 corresponds to the main plume in terms of nitrate concentration ( approximately 50,000 mL (super -1) ). We also used an active time constrained approach to perform time-lapse resistivity tomography over a section crossing the plumes CP1 and CP2. The sequence of tomograms is used to determine the changes in the nitrate concentrations associated with infiltration of fresh (meteoritic) water from a perched aquifer. This study highlights the importance of accounting for surface conductivity when characterizing plume distributions in clay-rich subsurface systems. JF - Geophysics AU - Revil, A AU - Skold, M AU - Karaoulis, M AU - Schmutz, M AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Watson, D B Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - EN29 EP - EN41 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 78 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - electrical conductivity KW - geophysical surveys KW - contaminant plumes KW - data acquisition KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - resistivity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - saprolite KW - ponds KW - direct-current methods KW - time-lapse methods KW - Tennessee KW - surveys KW - water pollution KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477832940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Hydrogeophysical+investigations+of+the+former+S-3+ponds+contaminant+plumes%2C+Oak+Ridge+Integrated+Field+Research+Challenge+Site%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Revil%2C+A%3BSkold%2C+M%3BKaraoulis%2C+M%3BSchmutz%2C+M%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BWatson%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Revil&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=EN29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2012-0177.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; contaminant plumes; data acquisition; data processing; direct-current methods; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; nitrates; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollution; ponds; resistivity; saprolite; surveys; Tennessee; time-lapse methods; tomography; United States; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0177.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microhole arrays for improved heat mining from enhanced geothermal systems AN - 1448220405; 18662183 AB - Numerical simulations are used to examine whether microhole arrays have the potential to increase the heat mining efficiency and sustainability of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). Injecting the working fluid from a large number of spatially distributed microholes rather than a few conventionally drilled wells is likely to provide access to a larger reservoir volume with enhanced overall flow distances between the injection and production wells and increased contact area between permeable fractures and the hot rock matrix. More importantly, it reduces the risk of preferential flow and early thermal breakthrough, making microhole array-based EGS a more robust design. Heat recovery factors are calculated for EGS reservoirs with a conventional well configuration and with microhole arrays. The synthetic reservoir has properties similar to those of the EGS test site at Soultz-sous-Forets. The wells and microholes are explicitly included in the numerical model. They intersect a stimulated reservoir region, which is modeled using a dual-permeability approach, as well as a wide-aperture zone, which is incorporated as a discrete feature. Local and global sensitivity analyses are used to examine the robustness of the design for a variety of reservoir and operating conditions. The simulations indicate that the flexibility offered by microhole drilling technology could provide an alternative EGS exploitation option with improved performance. JF - Geothermics AU - Finsterle, S AU - Zhang, Y AU - Pan, L AU - Dobson, P AU - Oglesby, K AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 74-120, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, YQZhang@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - 104 EP - 115 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 47 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - Risk Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Reservoir KW - Resource management KW - Flexibility KW - Ecological distribution KW - Reservoir Sites KW - Heat recovery KW - Drilling KW - Risk reduction KW - Reservoirs KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Mathematical models KW - Quantitative distribution KW - Fractures KW - Simulation KW - Sustainability KW - Model Studies KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Heat KW - Exploitation KW - Mining KW - Preferential Flow KW - Technology KW - Q2 09268:Heat flow KW - ENA 11:Non-Renewable Resources KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23010:General: Models, forecasting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448220405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Microhole+arrays+for+improved+heat+mining+from+enhanced+geothermal+systems&rft.au=Finsterle%2C+S%3BZhang%2C+Y%3BPan%2C+L%3BDobson%2C+P%3BOglesby%2C+K&rft.aulast=Finsterle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reservoir; Resource management; Mathematical models; Quantitative distribution; Ecological distribution; Fractures; Mining; Sensitivity analysis; Heat recovery; Simulation; Risk reduction; Reservoirs; Sustainability; Technology; Geologic Fractures; Heat; Flexibility; Reservoir Sites; Drilling; Exploitation; Preferential Flow; Model Studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering of Ralstonia eutropha H16 for Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Production of Methyl Ketones AN - 1399922693; 18225707 AB - Ralstonia eutropha is a facultatively chemolithoautotrophic bacterium able to grow with organic substrates or H2 and CO2 under aerobic conditions. Under conditions of nutrient imbalance, R. eutropha produces copious amounts of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB). Its ability to utilize CO2 as a sole carbon source renders it an interesting new candidate host for the production of renewable liquid transportation fuels. We engineered R. eutropha for the production of fatty acid-derived, diesel-range methyl ketones. Modifications engineered in R. eutropha included overexpression of a cytoplasmic version of the TesA thioesterase, which led to a substantial (>150-fold) increase in fatty acid titer under certain conditions. In addition, deletion of two putative beta -oxidation operons and heterologous expression of three genes (the acyl coenzyme A oxidase gene from Micrococcus luteus and fadB and fadM from Escherichia coli) led to the production of 50 to 65 mg/liter of diesel-range methyl ketones under heterotrophic growth conditions and 50 to 180 mg/liter under chemolithoautotrophic growth conditions (with CO2 and H2 as the sole carbon source and electron donor, respectively). Induction of the methyl ketone pathway diverted substantial carbon flux away from PHB biosynthesis and appeared to enhance carbon flux through the pathway for biosynthesis of fatty acids, which are the precursors of methyl ketones. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Mueller, Jana AU - MacEachran, Daniel AU - Burd, Helcio AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Bi, Changhao AU - Yeh, Yi-Chun AU - Lee, Taek Soon AU - Hillson, Nathan J AU - Chhabra, Swapnil R AU - Singer, Steven W AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA, HRBeller@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - 4433 EP - 4439 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 79 IS - 14 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Aerobic conditions KW - Escherichia coli KW - ketones KW - A:01340 KW - J:02320 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1399922693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Engineering+of+Ralstonia+eutropha+H16+for+Autotrophic+and+Heterotrophic+Production+of+Methyl+Ketones&rft.au=Mueller%2C+Jana%3BMacEachran%2C+Daniel%3BBurd%2C+Helcio%3BSathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BBi%2C+Changhao%3BYeh%2C+Yi-Chun%3BLee%2C+Taek+Soon%3BHillson%2C+Nathan+J%3BChhabra%2C+Swapnil+R%3BSinger%2C+Steven+W&rft.aulast=Mueller&rft.aufirst=Jana&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=4433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.00973-13 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ketones; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00973-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HipA-Triggered Growth Arrest and beta -Lactam Tolerance in Escherichia coli Are Mediated by RelA-Dependent ppGpp Synthesis AN - 1399921651; 18225733 AB - Persistence is a phenomenon whereby a subpopulation of bacterial cells enters a transient growth-arrested state that confers antibiotic tolerance. While entrance into persistence has been linked to the activities of toxin proteins, the molecular mechanisms by which toxins induce growth arrest and the persistent state remain unclear. Here, we show that overexpression of the protein kinase HipA in Escherichia coli triggers growth arrest by activating synthesis of the alarmone guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) by the enzyme RelA, a signal typically associated with amino acid starvation. We further demonstrate that chemically suppressing ppGpp synthesis with chloramphenicol relieves inhibition of DNA replication initiation and RNA synthesis in HipA-arrested cells and restores vulnerability to beta -lactam antibiotics. HipA-arrested cells maintain glucose uptake and oxygen consumption and accumulate amino acids as a consequence of translational inhibition. We harness the active metabolism of HipA-arrested cells to provide a bacteriophage-resistant platform for the production of biotechnologically relevant compounds, which may represent an innovative solution to the costly problem of phage contamination in industrial fermentations. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Bokinsky, Gregory AU - Baidoo, Edward EK AU - Akella, Swetha AU - Burd, Helcio AU - Weaver, Daniel AU - Alonso-Gutierrez, Jorge AU - Garcia-Martin, Hector AU - Lee, Taek Soon AU - Keasling, Jay D Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 3173 EP - 3182 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 195 IS - 14 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Phages KW - Oxygen consumption KW - DNA biosynthesis KW - Translation KW - Molecular modelling KW - Chloramphenicol KW - Amino acids KW - Contamination KW - Fermentation KW - Glucose KW - Enzymes KW - Transcription KW - RelA protein KW - Toxins KW - Antibiotic tolerance KW - Replication initiation KW - Guanosine tetraphosphates KW - beta -Lactam antibiotics KW - Escherichia coli KW - Amino acid starvation KW - Protein kinase KW - Metabolism KW - V 22320:Replication KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1399921651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=HipA-Triggered+Growth+Arrest+and+beta+-Lactam+Tolerance+in+Escherichia+coli+Are+Mediated+by+RelA-Dependent+ppGpp+Synthesis&rft.au=Bokinsky%2C+Gregory%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward+EK%3BAkella%2C+Swetha%3BBurd%2C+Helcio%3BWeaver%2C+Daniel%3BAlonso-Gutierrez%2C+Jorge%3BGarcia-Martin%2C+Hector%3BLee%2C+Taek+Soon%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Bokinsky&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=195&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.02210-12 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen consumption; Phages; Molecular modelling; Translation; DNA biosynthesis; Chloramphenicol; Amino acids; Contamination; Fermentation; Glucose; Transcription; Enzymes; RelA protein; Toxins; Antibiotic tolerance; Replication initiation; beta -Lactam antibiotics; Guanosine tetraphosphates; Amino acid starvation; Protein kinase; Metabolism; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.02210-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Equivalent diffusion coefficient of clay-rich geological formations: comparison between numerical and analytical estimates AN - 1372057779; 18152653 AB - Laboratory experiments in rock samples collected from clay-rich formations indicate that the effective molecular diffusion coefficient (D) is a heterogeneous and anisotropic property. Since laboratory measurements of D are representative of a very small volume, upscaling is necessary in order to incorporate these data in large-scale numerical models of diffusive transport. In this work we address the problem of the estimating the equivalent diffusion coefficient (D sub( eq )), in terms of total diffusive flux, in a three-dimensional domain characterized by a heterogeneous and anisotropic spatial distribution of D. D sub( eq ) was estimated from the results of steady-state diffusive transport simulations through several realizations of the D field. The ensemble averages of D sub( eq ) from fields with different degrees of heterogeneity and anisotropy were then compared with estimates from analytical upscaling expressions based on stochastic as well as power-averaging approaches. These expressions are largely based on similar expressions developed for calculating the effective hydraulic conductivity in heterogeneous and anisotropic domains. Comparisons showed that stochastic expressions provide accurate estimates of D sub( eq ) only for fields characterized by low heterogeneity. Within the range of heterogeneity and anisotropy considered, our results showed that a power-averaging expression is very accurate in predicting D sub( eq ) especially when the parameter p sub( i ) is estimated through fitting of the numerical results. Nonetheless, the relationship between this parameter and the anisotropy ratio is linear. JF - Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment AU - Bianchi, Marco AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Blgd. 74, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, mbianchi@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - 1081 EP - 1091 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 27 IS - 5 SN - 1436-3240, 1436-3240 KW - Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Hydraulics KW - Mathematical models KW - Laboratory testing KW - Spatial distribution KW - Simulation KW - Diffusion KW - Geology KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372057779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Stochastic+Environmental+Research+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Equivalent+diffusion+coefficient+of+clay-rich+geological+formations%3A+comparison+between+numerical+and+analytical+estimates&rft.au=Bianchi%2C+Marco%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T&rft.aulast=Bianchi&rft.aufirst=Marco&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1081&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Stochastic+Environmental+Research+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=14363240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00477-012-0646-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Hydraulics; Mathematical models; Spatial distribution; Laboratory testing; Simulation; Geology; Diffusion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-012-0646-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled seismo-hydromechanical monitoring of inelastic effects on injection-induced fracture permeability AN - 1371764909; 2013-052097 AB - We present in situ measurements of fluid pressure, deformation and seismicity in natural fractures together with coupled hydromechanical simulations. We conducted a step-rate water injection ( approximately 3.5 MPa and 1200 s) to induce the local pressurization of a critically stressed fractured carbonate reservoir layer located at 250 m-depth in the Low Noise Underground Laboratory (LSBB), southern France. An observed factor-of-3 increase in the fracture permeability was associated with the injection-induced fluid pressure increase and about 100 triggered seismic events. Both normal opening (a few microns) of the fluid-injected fracture and the associated tilt (<1 micro-radian) of the fracture near field displayed inelastic behavior highlighting an irreversible fracture shear and dilatant failure, amounting to about 1/3-1/2 of the maximum measured deformations. Using a plane-strain finite-difference coupled hydromechanical model, our calculation shows that tensile failure first occurred in the injection zone and then shear failure spread along fractures into the surrounding unsaturated rock through stress transfer from the injection zone. The most striking result of these model simulations is that the mechanical weakening of the fractures in the near field induced a 2-5X10 (super 5) Pa release of the normal stress across the fluid-injected fracture that provoked fracture slip and increase in permeability. A geological exploration of the fracture zone after the experiment showed that no major failure had occurred, and we therefore relate these strength and permeability variations to the slight reactivation ( approximately microns) of pre-existing fractures. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Derode, Benoit AU - Cappa, Frederic AU - Guglielmi, Yves AU - Rutqvist, Jonny Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 266 EP - 274 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 61 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - soil mechanics KW - monitoring KW - hydraulics KW - Western Europe KW - finite difference analysis KW - elastic properties KW - tiltmeters KW - stress KW - unsaturated zone KW - mechanical properties KW - Europe KW - tensile strength KW - Marseilles Basin KW - France KW - seismicity KW - dilation KW - permeability KW - dynamic properties KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371764909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Coupled+seismo-hydromechanical+monitoring+of+inelastic+effects+on+injection-induced+fracture+permeability&rft.au=Derode%2C+Benoit%3BCappa%2C+Frederic%3BGuglielmi%2C+Yves%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny&rft.aulast=Derode&rft.aufirst=Benoit&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2013.03.008 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-27 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dilation; dynamic properties; elastic properties; Europe; finite difference analysis; France; hydraulic fracturing; hydraulics; Marseilles Basin; mechanical properties; monitoring; permeability; seismicity; soil mechanics; stress; tensile strength; tiltmeters; unsaturated zone; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2013.03.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thirdhand smoke causes DNA damage in human cells. AN - 1367883943; 23462851 AB - Exposure to thirdhand smoke (THS) is a newly described health risk. Evidence supports its widespread presence in indoor environments. However, its genotoxic potential, a critical aspect in risk assessment, is virtually untested. An important characteristic of THS is its ability to undergo chemical transformations during aging periods, as demonstrated in a recent study showing that sorbed nicotine reacts with the indoor pollutant nitrous acid (HONO) to form tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) such as 4-(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)butanal (NNA) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). The goal of this study was to assess the genotoxicity of THS in human cell lines using two in vitro assays. THS was generated in laboratory systems that simulated short (acute)- and long (chronic)-term exposures. Analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantified TSNAs and common tobacco alkaloids in extracts of THS that had sorbed onto cellulose substrates. Exposure of human HepG2 cells to either acute or chronic THS for 24h resulted in significant increases in DNA strand breaks in the alkaline Comet assay. Cell cultures exposed to NNA alone showed significantly higher levels of DNA damage in the same assay. NNA is absent in freshly emitted secondhand smoke, but it is the main TSNA formed in THS when nicotine reacts with HONO long after smoking takes place. The long amplicon-quantitative PCR assay quantified significantly higher levels of oxidative DNA damage in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 (HPRT) and polymerase β (POLB) genes of cultured human cells exposed to chronic THS for 24h compared with untreated cells, suggesting that THS exposure is related to increased oxidative stress and could be an important contributing factor in THS-mediated toxicity. The findings of this study demonstrate for the first time that exposure to THS is genotoxic in human cell lines. JF - Mutagenesis AU - Hang, Bo AU - Sarker, Altaf H AU - Havel, Christopher AU - Saha, Saikat AU - Hazra, Tapas K AU - Schick, Suzaynn AU - Jacob, Peyton AU - Rehan, Virender K AU - Chenna, Ahmed AU - Sharan, Divya AU - Sleiman, Mohamad AU - Destaillats, Hugo AU - Gundel, Lara A AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Bo_Hang@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 381 EP - 391 VL - 28 IS - 4 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - Nitrous Acid KW - T2I5UM75DN KW - Index Medicus KW - Nitrous Acid -- analysis KW - Comet Assay KW - Nitrous Acid -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Oxidative Stress KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Nitrous Acid -- chemistry KW - DNA Breaks -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- chemistry KW - Cell Line KW - DNA Damage KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1367883943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Thirdhand+smoke+causes+DNA+damage+in+human+cells.&rft.au=Hang%2C+Bo%3BSarker%2C+Altaf+H%3BHavel%2C+Christopher%3BSaha%2C+Saikat%3BHazra%2C+Tapas+K%3BSchick%2C+Suzaynn%3BJacob%2C+Peyton%3BRehan%2C+Virender+K%3BChenna%2C+Ahmed%3BSharan%2C+Divya%3BSleiman%2C+Mohamad%3BDestaillats%2C+Hugo%3BGundel%2C+Lara+A&rft.aulast=Hang&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutagenesis&rft.issn=1464-3804&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fmutage%2Fget013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-01-16 N1 - Date created - 2013-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Apr 13;107(15):6576-81 [20142504] J Chromatogr A. 2009 Nov 6;1216(45):7899-905 [19800070] Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Sep;119(9):1218-26 [21628107] Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Apr 3;46(7):4174-83 [22397504] DNA Repair (Amst). 2012 Jun 1;11(6):570-8 [22497777] Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2012 Oct;8(4):763-4 [22987522] Environ Sci Technol. 2001 Feb 1;35(3):560-7 [11351729] Altern Lab Anim. 2002 May-Jun;30(3):331-9 [12106012] Lancet Oncol. 2002 Aug;3(8):461-9 [12147432] Mutagenesis. 2003 Jan;18(1):45-51 [12473734] Food Chem Toxicol. 2003 Jun;41(6):807-17 [12738186] Nat Rev Cancer. 2003 Oct;3(10):733-44 [14570033] World J Gastroenterol. 2003 Dec;9(12):2732-6 [14669323] In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 2004 May-Jun;40(5-6):172-82 [15479122] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1978 Apr;60(4):819-24 [633391] Mutat Res. 1983 Jan;114(1):59-89 [6219288] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Dec;64:111-26 [3007083] Exp Cell Res. 1988 Mar;175(1):184-91 [3345800] Mutagenesis. 1986 Jul;1(4):287-92 [3331668] Chem Biol Interact. 1990;75(1):71-81 [2114224] Carcinogenesis. 1991 Jul;12(7):1197-201 [2070484] Carcinogenesis. 1992 Jul;13(7):1269-72 [1638697] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994 Jan;41(1):1-52 [8277523] Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol. 1997;131:1-87 [9204689] Cancer Lett. 1997 Jul 15;117(1):87-91 [9233836] Carcinogenesis. 1997 Sep;18(9):1763-6 [9328173] Mutagenesis. 1998 Nov;13(6):539-55 [9862185] Mutat Res. 1999 Mar 8;424(1-2):127-42 [10064856] Mutat Res. 2004 Nov;567(2-3):447-74 [15572290] Mutagenesis. 2005 Nov;20(6):455-66 [16280345] Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Mar 15;40(6):1799-805 [16570600] Methods Mol Biol. 2006;314:183-99 [16673882] Mutat Res. 2006 Aug 30;600(1-2):138-49 [16914170] Nat Protoc. 2006;1(1):23-9 [17406208] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Aug;16(8):1547-53 [17684127] Pediatrics. 2009 Jan;123(1):e74-9 [19117850] Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2009;(192):29-60 [19184645] Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 Mar;149(2):182-6 [18706522] Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2009 Feb;6(2):445-62 [19440393] Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2011 Jul;301(1):L1-8 [21478255] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mutage/get013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Where fast weathering creates thin regolith and slow weathering creates thick regolith AN - 1400621011; 2013-057460 AB - Weathering disaggregates rock into regolith - the fractured or granular earth material that sustains life on the continental land surface. Here, we investigate what controls the depth of regolith formed on ridges of two rock compositions with similar initial porosities in Virginia (USA). A priori, we predicted that the regolith on diabase would be thicker than on granite because the dominant mineral (feldspar) in the diabase weathers faster than its granitic counterpart. However, weathering advanced 20X deeper into the granite than the diabase. The 20 X -thicker regolith is attributed mainly to connected micron-sized pores, microfractures formed around oxidizing biotite at 20 m depth, and the lower iron (Fe) content in the felsic rock. Such porosity allows pervasive advection and deep oxidation in the granite. These observations may explain why regolith worldwide is thicker on felsic compared to mafic rock under similar conditions. To understand regolith formation will require better understanding of such deep oxidation reactions and how they impact fluid flow during weathering. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms AU - Bazilevskaya, Ekaterina AU - Lebedeva, Marina AU - Pavich, Milan AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Parkinson, Dilworth Y AU - Cole, David AU - Brantley, Susan L Y1 - 2013/06/30/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jun 30 SP - 847 EP - 858 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 38 IS - 8 SN - 0197-9337, 0197-9337 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - neutron methods KW - erosion KW - microcracks KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - Appalachians KW - erosion rates KW - solution KW - plutonic rocks KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - mica group KW - thickness KW - framework silicates KW - chemical composition KW - soils KW - North America KW - diffusion KW - Virginia KW - oxidation KW - advection KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - saprolite KW - cracks KW - biotite KW - sheet silicates KW - weathering rates KW - feldspar group KW - diabase KW - regolith KW - Piedmont KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400621011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.atitle=Where+fast+weathering+creates+thin+regolith+and+slow+weathering+creates+thick+regolith&rft.au=Bazilevskaya%2C+Ekaterina%3BLebedeva%2C+Marina%3BPavich%2C+Milan%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BParkinson%2C+Dilworth+Y%3BCole%2C+David%3BBrantley%2C+Susan+L&rft.aulast=Bazilevskaya&rft.aufirst=Ekaterina&rft.date=2013-06-30&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=847&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.issn=01979337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fesp.3369 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117935722/grouphome/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - CODEN - ESPRDT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; Appalachians; biotite; chemical composition; chemical reactions; cracks; diabase; diffusion; erosion; erosion rates; feldspar group; framework silicates; granites; igneous rocks; mica group; microcracks; mineral composition; neutron methods; North America; oxidation; Piedmont; plutonic rocks; porosity; regolith; saprolite; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; solution; thickness; United States; Virginia; weathering; weathering rates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.3369 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for deposition of 10 million tonnes of impact spherules across four continents 12,800 y ago AN - 1722154557; 2015-097323 AB - Airbursts/impacts by a fragmented comet or asteroid have been proposed at the Younger Dryas onset (12.80+ or -0.15 ka) based on identification of an assemblage of impact-related proxies, including microspherules, nanodiamonds, and iridium. Distributed across four continents at the Younger Dryas boundary (YDB), spherule peaks have been independently confirmed in eight studies, but unconfirmed in two others, resulting in continued dispute about their occurrence, distribution, and origin. To further address this dispute and better identify YDB spherules, we present results from one of the largest spherule investigations ever undertaken regarding spherule geochemistry, morphologies, origins, and processes of formation. We investigated 18 sites across North America, Europe, and the Middle East, performing nearly 700 analyses on spherules using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for geochemical analyses and scanning electron microscopy for surface microstructural characterization. Twelve locations rank among the world's premier end-Pleistocene archaeological sites, where the YDB marks a hiatus in human occupation or major changes in site use. Our results are consistent with melting of sediments to temperatures >2,200 degrees C by the thermal radiation and air shocks produced by passage of an extraterrestrial object through the atmosphere; they are inconsistent with volcanic, cosmic, anthropogenic, lightning, or authigenic sources. We also produced spherules from wood in the laboratory at >1,730 degrees C, indicating that impact-related incineration of biomass may have contributed to spherule production. At 12.8 ka, an estimated 10 million tonnes of spherules were distributed across approximately 50 million square kilometers, similar to well-known impact strewnfields and consistent with a major cosmic impact event. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Wittke, James H AU - Weaver, James C AU - Bunch, Ted E AU - Kennett, James P AU - Kennett, Douglas J AU - Moore, Andrew M T AU - Hillman, Gordon C AU - Tankersley, Kenneth B AU - Goodyear, Albert C AU - Moore, Christopher R AU - Daniel, I Randolph, Jr AU - Ray, Jack H AU - Lopinot, Neal H AU - Ferraro, David AU - Israde-Alcantara, Isabel AU - Bischoff, James L AU - DeCarli, Paul S AU - Hermes, Robert E AU - Kloosterman, Johan B AU - Revay, Zsolt AU - Howard, George A AU - Kimbel, David R AU - Kletetschka, Gunther AU - Nabelek, Ladislav AU - Lipo, Carl P AU - Sakai, Sachiko AU - West, Allen AU - Firestone, Richard B Y1 - 2013/06/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jun 04 SP - E2088 EP - E0297 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 110 IS - 23 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - silicates KW - microstructure KW - Europe KW - platinum group KW - Alberta KW - iridium KW - temperature KW - magnetic properties KW - fires KW - Theria KW - Weichselian KW - framework silicates KW - Younger Dryas KW - Eutheria KW - Asia KW - Middle East KW - strewn fields KW - North America KW - Chordata KW - archaeology KW - Quaternary KW - Mammalia KW - paleomagnetism KW - electron microscopy data KW - impacts KW - Primates KW - X-ray spectra KW - EDS spectra KW - Antarctic ice sheet KW - Homo sapiens sapiens KW - Mexico KW - Canada KW - archaeological sites KW - Pleistocene KW - Tetrapoda KW - SEM data KW - high temperature KW - United States KW - silica minerals KW - biomass KW - Syria KW - Homo KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - upper Weichselian KW - melting KW - Homo sapiens KW - optically stimulated luminescence KW - Clovis KW - diamond KW - Folsom KW - spectra KW - spherules KW - rates KW - native elements KW - Hominidae KW - genesis KW - air shocks KW - air bursts KW - Antarctica KW - lechatelierite KW - metals KW - Western Canada KW - stratigraphic boundary KW - Vertebrata KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722154557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+deposition+of+10+million+tonnes+of+impact+spherules+across+four+continents+12%2C800+y+ago&rft.au=Wittke%2C+James+H%3BWeaver%2C+James+C%3BBunch%2C+Ted+E%3BKennett%2C+James+P%3BKennett%2C+Douglas+J%3BMoore%2C+Andrew+M+T%3BHillman%2C+Gordon+C%3BTankersley%2C+Kenneth+B%3BGoodyear%2C+Albert+C%3BMoore%2C+Christopher+R%3BDaniel%2C+I+Randolph%2C+Jr%3BRay%2C+Jack+H%3BLopinot%2C+Neal+H%3BFerraro%2C+David%3BIsrade-Alcantara%2C+Isabel%3BBischoff%2C+James+L%3BDeCarli%2C+Paul+S%3BHermes%2C+Robert+E%3BKloosterman%2C+Johan+B%3BRevay%2C+Zsolt%3BHoward%2C+George+A%3BKimbel%2C+David+R%3BKletetschka%2C+Gunther%3BNabelek%2C+Ladislav%3BLipo%2C+Carl+P%3BSakai%2C+Sachiko%3BWest%2C+Allen%3BFirestone%2C+Richard+B&rft.aulast=Wittke&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2013-06-04&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=E2088&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1301760110 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/content/by/year LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - CODEN - PNASA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air bursts; air shocks; Alberta; Antarctic ice sheet; Antarctica; archaeological sites; archaeology; Asia; biomass; Canada; Cenozoic; Chordata; Clovis; diamond; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; Europe; Eutheria; fires; Folsom; framework silicates; genesis; high temperature; Hominidae; Homo; Homo sapiens; Homo sapiens sapiens; impacts; iridium; lechatelierite; magnetic properties; Mammalia; melting; metals; Mexico; microstructure; Middle East; native elements; North America; optically stimulated luminescence; paleomagnetism; platinum group; Pleistocene; Primates; Quaternary; rates; SEM data; silica minerals; silicates; spectra; spherules; stratigraphic boundary; strewn fields; Syria; temperature; Tetrapoda; Theria; United States; upper Pleistocene; upper Weichselian; Vertebrata; Weichselian; Western Canada; X-ray spectra; Younger Dryas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1301760110 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hurricanes in an aquaplanet world: Implications of the impacts of external forcing and model horizontal resolution AN - 1529953582; 19802789 AB - High-resolution climate models have been shown to improve the statistics of tropical storms (TCs) and hurricanes compared to low-resolution models. The impact of increasing horizontal resolution in the TC simulation is investigated exclusively using a series of Atmospheric Global Climate Model (AGCM) runs with idealized aquaplanet steady-state boundary conditions and a fixed operational storm-tracking algorithm. The results show that increasing horizontal resolution helps to detect more hurricanes, simulate stronger extreme rainfall, and emulate better storm structures in the models. However, increasing model resolution does not necessarily produce stronger hurricanes in terms of maximum wind speed, minimum sea-level pressure, and mean precipitation, as the increased number of storms simulated by high-resolution models is mainly associated with weaker storms. The spatial scale at which the analyses are conducted appears to have more important control on these meteorological statistics compared to horizontal resolution of the model grid. When the simulations are analyzed on common low-resolution grids, the statistics of the hurricanes, particularly the hurricane counts, show reduced sensitivity to the horizontal grid resolution and signs of scale invariance. Key Points * Horizontal resolution impacts the simulation of hurricanes * Analyzing scale is more important than the model horizontal resolution JF - Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems AU - Li, Fuyu AU - Collins, William D AU - Wehner, Michael F AU - Leung, LRuby AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 134 EP - 145 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1942-2466, 1942-2466 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - hurricane KW - horizontal resolution KW - aquaplanet KW - climate model KW - tropical storm KW - Statistics KW - Sea level KW - Climate change KW - Statistical analysis KW - Algorithms KW - Storms KW - Boundary conditions KW - Wind speed KW - Storm structure KW - Wind KW - Modelling KW - Climate models KW - Mathematical models KW - Boundary Conditions KW - Mean precipitation KW - Climates KW - Precipitation KW - Tropical depressions KW - Model Studies KW - Global climate KW - Hurricanes KW - Numerical simulations KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529953582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems&rft.atitle=Hurricanes+in+an+aquaplanet+world%3A+Implications+of+the+impacts+of+external+forcing+and+model+horizontal+resolution&rft.au=Li%2C+Fuyu%3BCollins%2C+William+D%3BWehner%2C+Michael+F%3BLeung%2C+LRuby&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Fuyu&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems&rft.issn=19422466&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjame.20020 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Hurricanes; Sea level; Mathematical models; Climate change; Tropical depressions; Modelling; Global climate; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Mean precipitation; Algorithms; Statistical analysis; Storm structure; Boundary conditions; Storms; Statistics; Boundary Conditions; Climates; Precipitation; Wind; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jame.20020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring deformation at the Geysers Geothermal Field, California using C-band and X-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar AN - 1506371403; 19016072 AB - We resolve deformation at The Geysers Geothermal Field using two distinct sets of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data. The first set of observations utilize archived European Space Agency C-band synthetic aperture radar data from 1992 through 1999 to image the long-term and large-scale subsidence at The Geysers. The peak range velocity of approximately 50mm/year agrees with previous estimates from leveling and global positioning system observations. Data from a second set of measurements, acquired by TerraSAR-X satellites, extend from May 2011 until April 2012 and overlap the C-band data spatially but not temporally. These X-band data, analyzed using a combined permanent and distributed scatterer algorithm, provide a higher density of scatterers (1122 per square kilometer) than do the C-band data (12 per square kilometer). The TerraSAR-X observations resolve 1 to 2cm of deformation due to water injection into a Northwest Geysers enhanced geothermal system well, initiated on October 2011. The temporal variation of the deformation is compatible with estimates from coupled numerical modeling. Key Points * X-band data provides improved coverage of deformation at The Geysers * The C-band deformation rate agrees with past estimates * The estimates are supported by modeling JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Vasco, D W AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Ferretti, Alessandro AU - Rucci, Alessio AU - Bellotti, Fernando AU - Dobson, Patrick AU - Oldenburg, Curtis AU - Garcia, Julio AU - Walters, Mark AU - Hartline, Craig AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 2567 EP - 2572 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 40 IS - 11 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - deformation KW - InSAR KW - geothermal KW - X-band KW - Remote Sensing KW - Positioning systems KW - Algorithms KW - Geysers KW - Hot springs KW - Subsidence KW - USA, California KW - Archives KW - Deformation KW - Mathematical models KW - Temporal variations KW - Density KW - Velocity KW - Model Studies KW - Synthetic aperture radar KW - Radar KW - Monitoring KW - Hydrothermal fields KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - Q2 09406:Energy from the sea UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1506371403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Monitoring+deformation+at+the+Geysers+Geothermal+Field%2C+California+using+C-band+and+X-band+interferometric+synthetic+aperture+radar&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BFerretti%2C+Alessandro%3BRucci%2C+Alessio%3BBellotti%2C+Fernando%3BDobson%2C+Patrick%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis%3BGarcia%2C+Julio%3BWalters%2C+Mark%3BHartline%2C+Craig&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fgrl.50314 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Positioning systems; Mathematical models; Temporal variations; Synthetic aperture radar; Subsidence; Hot springs; Archives; Hydrothermal fields; Deformation; Remote Sensing; Density; Radar; Algorithms; Velocity; Geysers; Monitoring; Model Studies; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/grl.50314 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterisation of the permafrost carbon pool AN - 1434008255; 2013-072419 AB - The current estimate of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in the northern permafrost region of 1672 Petagrams (Pg) C is much larger than previously reported and needs to be incorporated in global soil carbon (C) inventories. The Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database (NCSCD), extended to include the range 0-300 cm, is now available online for wider use by the scientific community. An important future aim is to provide quantitative uncertainty ranges for C pool estimates. Recent studies have greatly improved understanding of the regional patterns, landscape distribution and vertical (soil horizon) partitioning of the permafrost C pool in the upper 3 m of soils. However, the deeper C pools in unconsolidated Quaternary deposits need to be better constrained. A general lability classification of the permafrost C pool should be developed to address potential C release upon thaw. The permafrost C pool and its dynamics are beginning to be incorporated into Earth System models, although key periglacial processes such as thermokarst still need to be properly represented to obtain a better quantification of the full permafrost C feedback on global climate change. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Permafrost and Periglacial Processes AU - Kuhry, P AU - Grosse, G AU - Harden, J W AU - Hugelius, G AU - Koven, C D AU - Ping, C L AU - Schirrmeister, L AU - Tarnocai, C Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 146 EP - 155 PB - Wiley, Oxford VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 1045-6740, 1045-6740 KW - soils KW - permafrost KW - New Siberian Islands KW - Arctic region KW - sinks KW - Yakutia Russian Federation KW - Russian Federation KW - Russian Arctic KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - ice KW - carbon KW - climate effects KW - Arctic Ocean KW - ground ice KW - Asia KW - frozen ground KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434008255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Permafrost+and+Periglacial+Processes&rft.atitle=Characterisation+of+the+permafrost+carbon+pool&rft.au=Kuhry%2C+P%3BGrosse%2C+G%3BHarden%2C+J+W%3BHugelius%2C+G%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BPing%2C+C+L%3BSchirrmeister%2C+L%3BTarnocai%2C+C&rft.aulast=Kuhry&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Permafrost+and+Periglacial+Processes&rft.issn=10456740&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fppp.1782 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/14053/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; Arctic region; Asia; carbon; climate change; climate effects; Commonwealth of Independent States; frozen ground; ground ice; ice; New Siberian Islands; permafrost; Russian Arctic; Russian Federation; sinks; soils; temperature; Yakutia Russian Federation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1782 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic geochemistry in a biostimulated aquifer; an aqueous speciation study AN - 1429837613; 2013-067470 AB - Stimulating microbial growth through the use of acetate injection wells at the former uranium mill site in Rifle, Colorado, USA, has been shown to decrease dissolved uranium (VI) concentrations through bacterial reduction to immobile uranium (IV). Bioreduction also changed the redox chemistry of site groundwater, altering the mobility of several other redox-sensitive elements present in the subsurface, including iron, sulfur, and arsenic. Following acetate amendment at the site, elevated concentrations of arsenic in the groundwater were observed. Ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to determine the aqueous arsenic speciation. Upgradient samples, unexposed to acetate, showed low levels of arsenic ( nearly equal 1 mu M), with greater than 90% as arsenate (As[V]) and a small amount of arsenite (As[III]). Downgradient acetate-stimulated water samples had much higher levels of arsenic (up to 8 mu M), and 4 additional thioarsenic species were present under sulfate-reducing conditions. These thioarsenic species demonstrate a strong correlation between arsenic release and sulfide concentrations in groundwater, and their formation may explain the elevated total arsenic concentrations. An alternative remediation approach, enhanced flushing of uranium, was accomplished by addition of bicarbonate and did not result in highly elevated arsenic concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1216-1223. Copyright 2013 SETAC JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Stucker, Valerie K AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Robbins, Mark J AU - Ranville, James F Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 1216 EP - 1223 PB - Wiley InterScience on behalf of SETAC (Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry), Pensacola, FL VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - mass spectra KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - Rifle Colorado KW - ligands KW - arsenates KW - soil flushing KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - arsenic KW - uranyl ion KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - solubility KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - ferrous iron KW - aquifers KW - ICP mass spectra KW - organic compounds KW - humic substances KW - arsenites KW - ion chromatograms KW - metals KW - chromatograms KW - bacteria KW - Colorado KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429837613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Arsenic+geochemistry+in+a+biostimulated+aquifer%3B+an+aqueous+speciation+study&rft.au=Stucker%2C+Valerie+K%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BRobbins%2C+Mark+J%3BRanville%2C+James+F&rft.aulast=Stucker&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fetc.2155 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; arsenates; arsenic; arsenites; bacteria; bioremediation; chromatograms; Colorado; concentration; experimental studies; ferric iron; ferrous iron; Garfield County Colorado; geochemistry; ground water; humic substances; hydrochemistry; ICP mass spectra; ion chromatograms; iron; ligands; mass spectra; metals; migration of elements; organic compounds; oxidation; pollution; remediation; Rifle Colorado; soil flushing; solubility; spectra; toxic materials; United States; uranyl ion; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2155 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field testing of fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) for subsurface seismic monitoring AN - 1371766481; 2013-052180 AB - Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is a relatively recent development in the use of fiber-optic cable for measurement of ground motion. Discrete fiber-optic sensors, typically using a Bragg diffraction grating, have been in research and development and field testing for more than 15 years with geophysical applications at least 12 years old (Bostick, 2000, and summary in Keul et al., 2005). However, developments in recent years have sought to remove the need for point sensors by using the fiber cable itself as a sensor (Mestayer et al., 2011; Miller et al., 2012). JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Freifeld, Barry M AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan AU - Dou, Shan AU - Pevzner, Roman AU - Shulakova, Valeriya AU - Kashikar, Sudhendu AU - Miller, Douglas E AU - Goetz, Julia AU - Henninges, Jan AU - Lueth, Stefan Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 699 EP - 706 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - geophones KW - geophysical surveys KW - Europe KW - elastic waves KW - Alabama KW - Victoria Australia KW - carbon dioxide KW - acoustical methods KW - Central Europe KW - Brandenburg Germany KW - Australia KW - fiber optics KW - body waves KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - Australasia KW - underground storage KW - geophysical methods KW - seismic methods KW - case studies KW - boreholes KW - surveys KW - seismic waves KW - Germany KW - S-waves KW - instruments KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371766481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Field+testing+of+fiber-optic+distributed+acoustic+sensing+%28DAS%29+for+subsurface+seismic+monitoring&rft.au=Daley%2C+Thomas+M%3BFreifeld%2C+Barry+M%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan%3BDou%2C+Shan%3BPevzner%2C+Roman%3BShulakova%2C+Valeriya%3BKashikar%2C+Sudhendu%3BMiller%2C+Douglas+E%3BGoetz%2C+Julia%3BHenninges%2C+Jan%3BLueth%2C+Stefan&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Ftle32060699.1 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; Alabama; Australasia; Australia; body waves; boreholes; Brandenburg Germany; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; case studies; Central Europe; elastic waves; Europe; fiber optics; geophones; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Germany; instruments; monitoring; P-waves; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; surveys; underground storage; United States; Victoria Australia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle32060699.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using molecular tweezers to move and image nanoparticles. AN - 1348503584; 23592008 AB - The ability to manipulate nanoparticles is significant in nanoscale science and technology. As sizes of the objects scale down to the sub-10 nm regime, it imposes a great challenge for the conventional optical tweezers. There has been much effort to explore alternative manipulation methods including using nanostructures, electron beams, scanning probes, etc. In this paper, an overview of the latest advances in trapping and manipulation of nanoparticles with a focus on the emergent electron tweezers is provided. JF - Nanoscale AU - Zheng, Haimei AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94708, USA. hmzheng@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/05/21/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 May 21 SP - 4070 EP - 4078 VL - 5 IS - 10 KW - Index Medicus KW - Portraits as Topic KW - Electrons KW - Nanotechnology -- instrumentation KW - Nanotechnology -- methods KW - Optical Tweezers KW - Nanotechnology -- trends KW - Nanostructures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1348503584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanoscale&rft.atitle=Using+molecular+tweezers+to+move+and+image+nanoparticles.&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Haimei&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Haimei&rft.date=2013-05-21&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4070&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanoscale&rft.issn=2040-3372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3nr00737e LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-12-09 N1 - Date created - 2013-05-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3nr00737e ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure-coupled joint inversion of geophysical and hydrological data AN - 1400615909; 2013-055599 AB - In groundwater hydrology, geophysical imaging holds considerable promise for improving parameter estimation, due to the generally high resolution and spatial coverage of geophysical data. However, inversion of geophysical data alone cannot unveil the distribution of hydraulic conductivity. Jointly inverting geophysical and hydrological data allows us to benefit from the advantages of geophysical imaging and, at the same time, recover the hydrological parameters of interest. We have applied a coupling strategy between geophysical and hydrological models that is based on structural similarity constraints. Model combinations, for which the spatial gradients of the inferred parameter fields are not aligned in parallel, are penalized in the inversion. This structural coupling does not require introducing a potentially weak, unknown, and nonstationary petrophysical relation to link the models. The method was first tested on synthetic data sets and then applied to two combinations of geophysical/hydrological data sets from a saturated gravel aquifer in northern Switzerland. Crosshole ground-penetrating radar (GPR) traveltimes were jointly inverted with hydraulic tomography data, as well as with tracer mean arrival times, to retrieve the 2D distribution of GPR velocities and hydraulic conductivities. In the synthetic case, incorporating the GPR data through a joint inversion framework improved the resolution and localization properties of the estimated hydraulic conductivity field. For the field study, recovered hydraulic conductivities were in general agreement with flowmeter data. JF - Geophysics AU - Lochbuehler, Tobias AU - Doetsch, Joseph AU - Brauchler, Ralf AU - Linde, Niklas Y1 - 2013/05/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 May 01 SP - ID1 EP - ID14 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 78 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - hydrology KW - imagery KW - clastic sediments KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - data acquisition KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - radar methods KW - inverse problem KW - Europe KW - gravel KW - Switzerland KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Central Europe KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - breakthrough curves KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400615909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Structure-coupled+joint+inversion+of+geophysical+and+hydrological+data&rft.au=Lochbuehler%2C+Tobias%3BDoetsch%2C+Joseph%3BBrauchler%2C+Ralf%3BLinde%2C+Niklas&rft.aulast=Lochbuehler&rft.aufirst=Tobias&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=ID1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2012-0460.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; breakthrough curves; Central Europe; clastic sediments; crosshole methods; data acquisition; data processing; electromagnetic methods; Europe; geophysical methods; gravel; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; imagery; inverse problem; radar methods; sediments; Switzerland DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0460.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring vadose zone desiccation with geophysical methods AN - 1371764631; 2013-052051 AB - Soil desiccation was recently field tested as a potential vadose zone remediation technology. Desiccation removes water from the vadose zone and significantly decreases the aqueous-phase permeability of the desiccated zone, thereby decreasing movement of moisture and contaminants. The two- and three-dimensional distribution of moisture content reduction with time provides valuable information for desiccation operations and for determining when treatment goals have been reached. This type of information can be obtained through the use of geophysical methods. Neutron moisture logging, cross-hole electrical resistivity tomography, and cross-hole ground-penetrating radar approaches were evaluated with respect to their ability to provide effective spatial and temporal monitoring of desiccation during a treatability study conducted in the vadose zone of the USDOE Hanford site in the state of Washington. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Truex, M J AU - Johnson, T C AU - Strickland, C E AU - Peterson, J E AU - Hubbard, S S Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 14 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 12 IS - 2 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - neutron methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - reclamation KW - well-logging KW - unsaturated zone KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - applications KW - soils KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - in situ KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - radar methods KW - Hanford Site KW - resistivity KW - desiccation KW - surveys KW - treatability KW - field studies KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371764631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Monitoring+vadose+zone+desiccation+with+geophysical+methods&rft.au=Truex%2C+M+J%3BJohnson%2C+T+C%3BStrickland%2C+C+E%3BPeterson%2C+J+E%3BHubbard%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Truex&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2012.0147 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; desiccation; electrical methods; field studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground-penetrating radar; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; in situ; neutron methods; radar methods; reclamation; remediation; resistivity; soils; surveys; temperature; tomography; treatability; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2012.0147 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic and chemical variation of organic nanoglobules in primitive meteorites AN - 1371763194; 2013-049687 AB - Organic nanoglobules are microscopic spherical carbon-rich objects present in chondritic meteorites and other astromaterials. We performed a survey of the morphology, organic functional chemistry, and isotopic composition of 184 nanoglobules in insoluble organic matter (IOM) residues from seven primitive carbonaceous chondrites. Hollow and solid nanoglobules occur in each IOM residue, as well as globules with unusual shapes and structures. Most nanoglobules have an organic functional chemistry similar to, but slightly more carboxyl-rich than, the surrounding IOM, while a subset of nanoglobules have a distinct, highly aromatic functionality. The range of nanoglobule N isotopic compositions was similar to that of nonglobular (super 15) N-rich hotspots in each IOM residue, but nanoglobules account for only about one third of the total (super 15) N-rich hotspots in each sample. Furthermore, many nanoglobules in each residue contained no (super 15) N enrichment above that of bulk IOM. No morphological indicators were found to robustly distinguish the highly aromatic nanoglobules from those that have a more IOM-like functional chemistry, or to distinguish (super 15) N-rich nanoglobules from those that are isotopically normal. The relative abundance of aromatic nanoglobules was lower, and nanoglobule diameters were greater, in more altered meteorites, suggesting the creation/modification of IOM-like nanoglobules during parent-body processing. However, (super 15) N-rich nanoglobules, including many with highly aromatic functional chemistry, likely reflect preaccretionary isotopic fractionation in cold molecular cloud or protostellar environments. These data indicate that no single formation mechanism can explain all of the observed characteristics of nanoglobules, and their properties are likely a result of multiple processes occurring in a variety of environments. Abstract Copyright The Meteoritical Society, 2013. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - De Gregorio, Bradley T AU - Stroud, Rhonda M AU - Nittler, Larry R AU - Alexander, Conel M O'D AU - Bassim, Nabil D AU - Cody, George D AU - Kilcoyne, A L David AU - Sandford, Scott A AU - Milam, Stefanie N AU - Nuevo, Michel AU - Zega, Thomas J Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 904 EP - 928 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - stony meteorites KW - Orgueil Meteorite KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - Elephant Moraine Meteorites KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - Murchison Meteorite KW - CO chondrites KW - meteorites KW - CR chondrites KW - ALHA 77307 KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - chemical composition KW - Bells Meteorite KW - carbonaceous composition KW - QUE 99177 KW - CI chondrites KW - GRO 95577 KW - nanoglobules KW - N-15 KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - TEM data KW - solar nebula KW - morphology KW - organic compounds KW - Allan Hills Meteorites KW - X-ray data KW - Queen Alexandra Range Meteorites KW - EET 92042 KW - CM chondrites KW - Grosvenor Mountains Meteorites KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371763194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Isotopic+and+chemical+variation+of+organic+nanoglobules+in+primitive+meteorites&rft.au=De+Gregorio%2C+Bradley+T%3BStroud%2C+Rhonda+M%3BNittler%2C+Larry+R%3BAlexander%2C+Conel+M+O%27D%3BBassim%2C+Nabil+D%3BCody%2C+George+D%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+David%3BSandford%2C+Scott+A%3BMilam%2C+Stefanie+N%3BNuevo%2C+Michel%3BZega%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=De+Gregorio&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=904&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fmaps.12109 L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 98 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-27 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ALHA 77307; Allan Hills Meteorites; Bells Meteorite; carbonaceous chondrites; carbonaceous composition; chemical composition; chondrites; CI chondrites; CM chondrites; CO chondrites; CR chondrites; EET 92042; Elephant Moraine Meteorites; GRO 95577; Grosvenor Mountains Meteorites; ion probe data; isotopes; mass spectra; meteorites; morphology; Murchison Meteorite; N-15; nanoglobules; nitrogen; organic compounds; Orgueil Meteorite; QUE 99177; Queen Alexandra Range Meteorites; solar nebula; spectra; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; TEM data; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maps.12109 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Journal impact factors; their relevance and their influence on society-published scientific journals AN - 1366813885; 2013-046158 AB - We examine the nature and temporal trends of science journal publishing, and seek to explain why some journals have higher Journal Impact Factors (JIF) than others. The investigation has implications for how we assess the importance of scientific contributions. National Laboratories run by the U.S. Department of Energy, for example, compare JIF across disciplines, while some academic institutions look at JIF when evaluating publication records. Problematic to these policies are several results, which have long been known in the medical and biological sciences, and are shown here to apply to the Earth sciences as well. In particular, citations are distributed almost logarithmically in any given issue of a journal, and so JIFs say nothing about the actual number of citations acquired by any given paper. In the area of mineralogy and petrology, for example, 25% of articles in a typical issue will capture >50% of all citations that accrue to that issue. For some issues the asymmetry is greater; we use such citation asymmetry to develop a classification for journals as "super elite," "elite," "influential," and "minor." We also find that JIFs are inherently larger for large disciplines, in part because as the size of a discipline increases (as measured by total papers published), the top journals benefit to a greater extent than other journals. For this and other reasons, JIF cannot be compared across disciplines. A heretofore unknown and disconcerting result is the incredible growth in JIFs for commercially published journals compared to their society-published counterparts--a growth that coincides with the advent of electronic distribution models (e.g., bundling) that were instituted by commercial publishers at the beginning of the 21st century. Journals, which only a decade ago had similar JIFs, and were viewed as being scientifically equivalent, now have very different JIFs. These contrasts may nucleate feedback loops (as authors look to higher JIF journals in which to publish) that threaten the health of society-published journals. Our analysis however, shows that in spite of growing contrasts in JIF, many society-published journals still provide a greater value (JIF/cost) compared to their commercially published counterparts. While we acknowledge that citations and citation rates can be useful tools to compare scientific influence and importance, the results of this and other bibliometric studies cause us to conclude that in the evaluation of science and scientists, it is a grave error to substitute numerical values for human judgment. And if professional societies are to continue to play a significant role in science publication, it is incumbent upon scientists--now more than ever--to send their best works to society-published journals. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Putirka, Keith AU - Kunz, Martin AU - Swainson, Ian AU - Thomson, Jennifer Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 1055 EP - 1065 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 98 IS - 5-6 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - impact factors KW - publications KW - petrology KW - journals KW - citations KW - quantitative analysis KW - geoscience KW - mineralogy KW - geochemistry KW - bibliography KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1366813885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Journal+impact+factors%3B+their+relevance+and+their+influence+on+society-published+scientific+journals&rft.au=Putirka%2C+Keith%3BKunz%2C+Martin%3BSwainson%2C+Ian%3BThomson%2C+Jennifer&rft.aulast=Putirka&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=1055&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam.2013.4357 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bibliography; citations; geochemistry; geoscience; impact factors; journals; mineralogy; petrology; publications; quantitative analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2013.4357 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reaction cell with sample laser heating for in situ soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies under environmental conditions AN - 1365127559; 17943026 AB - A miniature (1ml volume) reaction cell with transparent X-ray windows and laser heating of the sample has been designed to conduct X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies of materials in the presence of gases at atmospheric pressures. Heating by laser solves the problems associated with the presence of reactive gases interacting with hot filaments used in resistive heating methods. It also facilitates collection of a small total electron yield signal by eliminating interference with heating current leakage and ground loops. The excellent operation of the cell is demonstrated with examples of CO and H2 Fischer-Tropsch reactions on Co nanoparticles. JF - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation AU - Escudero, Carlos AU - Jiang, Peng AU - Pach, Elzbieta AU - Borondics, Ferenc AU - West, Mark W AU - Tuxen, Anders AU - Chintapalli, Mahati AU - Carenco, Sophie AU - Guo, Jinghua AU - Salmeron, Miquel AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2013/05/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 May 01 SP - 504 EP - 508 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0909-0495, 0909-0495 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Absorption spectroscopy KW - Gases KW - Leakage KW - Lasers KW - Atmospheric pressure KW - Environmental conditions KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1365127559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Synchrotron+Radiation&rft.atitle=A+reaction+cell+with+sample+laser+heating+for+in+situ+soft+X-ray+absorption+spectroscopy+studies+under+environmental+conditions&rft.au=Escudero%2C+Carlos%3BJiang%2C+Peng%3BPach%2C+Elzbieta%3BBorondics%2C+Ferenc%3BWest%2C+Mark+W%3BTuxen%2C+Anders%3BChintapalli%2C+Mahati%3BCarenco%2C+Sophie%3BGuo%2C+Jinghua%3BSalmeron%2C+Miquel&rft.aulast=Escudero&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=504&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Synchrotron+Radiation&rft.issn=09090495&rft_id=info:doi/10.1107%2FS0909049513002434 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Document feature - figure 0 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Absorption spectroscopy; Leakage; Gases; Atmospheric pressure; Lasers; Environmental conditions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049513002434 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Global Electrical Safety Program: The Challenge of Developing a Universal Safety System in a Multinational Company AN - 1365125054; 17935894 AB - This article describes a European company?s recent efforts to develop a global electrical safety program tailored to the wind industry. We demonstrate that the following three components are essential to getting top management to buy into such a system: JF - IEEE Industry Applications Magazine AU - Scott, Mark A AU - Segers, Andrew AD - Environment, Health & Safety, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 USA Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 27 EP - 33 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 3 Park Avenue, 17th Fl New York NY 10016-5997 United States VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1077-2618, 1077-2618 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Safety systems KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1365125054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Industry+Applications+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+Global+Electrical+Safety+Program%3A+The+Challenge+of+Developing+a+Universal+Safety+System+in+a+Multinational+Company&rft.au=Scott%2C+Mark+A%3BSegers%2C+Andrew&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Industry+Applications+Magazine&rft.issn=10772618&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FMIAS.2012.2215656 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Safety systems DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MIAS.2012.2215656 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Soil Moisture on the Responses of Soil Temperatures to Climate Change in Cold Regions* AN - 1356931398; 18038564 AB - At high latitudes, changes in soil moisture could alter soil temperatures independently of air temperature changes by interacting with the snow thermal rectifier. The authors investigated this mechanism with model experiments in the Community Land Model 4 (CLM4) with prescribed atmospheric forcing and vegetation state. Under equilibrium historical conditions, increasing CO sub(2) concentrations experienced by plants from 285 to 857 ppm caused local increases in soil water-filled pore space of 0.1-0.2 in some regions throughout the globe. In permafrost regions that experienced this moistening, vertical- and annual- mean soil temperatures increased by up to 3 degree C (0.27 degree C averaged over all permafrost areas). A similar pattern of moistening and consequent warming occurred in simulations with prescribed June-September (JJAS) rainfall increases of 25% over historical values, a level of increase commensurate with projected future rainfall increases. There was a strong sensitivity of the moistening responses to the baseline hydrological state. Experiments with perturbed physics confirmed that the simulated warming in permafrost soils was caused by increases in the soil latent heat of fusion per unit volume and in the soil thermal conductivity due to the increased moisture. In transient Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) scenario experiments, soil warming due to increased CO sub(2) or JJAS rainfall was smaller in magnitude and spatial extent than in the equilibrium experiments. Active-layer deepening associated with soil moisture changes occurred over less than 8% of the current permafrost area because increased heat of fusion and soil thermal conductivity had compensating effects on active-layer depth. Ongoing modeling challenges make these results tentative. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Subin, Zachary M AU - Koven, Charles D AU - Riley, William J AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Lawrence, David M AU - Swenson, Sean C AD - Princeton Environmental Institute, Princeton, New Jersey, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 3139 EP - 3158 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 26 IS - 10 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Historical account KW - Thermal conductivity KW - Rainfall KW - Climate change KW - Soil temperature KW - Permafrost KW - Soil Water KW - Permafrost soils KW - Rainfall increase KW - Air temperature KW - Soil KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Temperature changes KW - Temperature effects KW - Soil temperatures KW - Climate models KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Snow KW - Soil Temperature KW - Environmental impact KW - Equilibrium KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Moisture Content KW - Soil moisture KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Thermal Conductivity KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09161:General KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1356931398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Soil+Moisture+on+the+Responses+of+Soil+Temperatures+to+Climate+Change+in+Cold+Regions*&rft.au=Subin%2C+Zachary+M%3BKoven%2C+Charles+D%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BLawrence%2C+David+M%3BSwenson%2C+Sean+C&rft.aulast=Subin&rft.aufirst=Zachary&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-12-00305.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Thermal conductivity; Snow; Climate change; Atmospheric forcing; Environmental impact; Permafrost; Carbon dioxide; Air temperature; Temperature changes; Soil temperatures; Hydrologic analysis; Climate models; Permafrost soils; Soil moisture; Rainfall increase; Soil; Historical account; Rainfall; Soil temperature; Hydrologic Models; Equilibrium; Soil Temperature; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Thermal Conductivity; Carbon Dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00305.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating a modified point-based method to downscale cell-based climate variable data to high-resolution grids AN - 1352289106; 17949861 AB - To address the demand for high spatial resolution gridded climate data, we have advanced the Daymet point-based interpolation algorithm for downscaling global, coarsely gridded data with additional output variables. The updated algorithm, High-Resolution Climate Downscaler (HRCD), performs very good downscaling of daily, global, historical reanalysis data from 1 degree input resolution to 2.5 arcmin output resolution for day length, downward longwave radiation, pressure, maximum and minimum temperature, and vapor pressure deficit. It gives good results for monthly and yearly cumulative precipitation and fair results for wind speed distributions and modeled downward shortwave radiation. Over complex terrain, 2.5 arcmin resolution is likely too low and aggregating it up to 15 arcmin preserves accuracy. HRCD performs comparably to existing daily and monthly US datasets but with a global extent for nine daily climate variables spanning 1948-2006. Furthermore, HRCD can readily be applied to other gridded climate datasets. JF - Theoretical and Applied Climatology AU - Vittorio, Alan V AU - Miller, Norman L AD - Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley, USA, avdivittorio@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 495 EP - 519 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 112 IS - 3-4 SN - 0177-798X, 0177-798X KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Photoperiods KW - Algorithms KW - Data reanalysis KW - Wind speed KW - Applied climatology KW - Vapor Pressure KW - Radiation KW - Climatology KW - Wind speed distribution KW - Wind KW - Mathematical models KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Minimum temperatures KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - Interpolation KW - Long-wave radiation KW - Monthly Distribution KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q2 09423:Marketing KW - O 2070:Meteorology KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1352289106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Theoretical+and+Applied+Climatology&rft.atitle=Evaluating+a+modified+point-based+method+to+downscale+cell-based+climate+variable+data+to+high-resolution+grids&rft.au=Vittorio%2C+Alan+V%3BMiller%2C+Norman+L&rft.aulast=Vittorio&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Theoretical+and+Applied+Climatology&rft.issn=0177798X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00704-012-0740-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Mathematical models; Photoperiods; Climate; Climatology; Applied climatology; Radiation; Algorithms; Long-wave radiation; Minimum temperatures; Precipitation; Wind speed distribution; Data reanalysis; Interpolation; Vapor Pressure; Climates; Monthly Distribution; Wind; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-012-0740-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Training the next generation of energy efficiency evaluators AN - 1352286477; 17941194 AB - The energy efficiency services sector is an increasingly important part of the global economy, with an increased need for trained evaluators to foster energy efficiency program accountability and improvement. Organizations are experiencing difficulty in finding people who are knowledgeable about and experienced in the evaluation of energy efficiency programs. Accordingly, there is a need to assess the training needs of the energy efficiency evaluation community (for both new and "experienced" evaluators). This paper presents the results of a recent survey conducted by the International Energy Program Evaluation Conference (IEPEC) on energy efficiency evaluation training needs and contrasts those findings with the findings from a survey conducted by the American Evaluation Association on young evaluators (those people in the field <5 years) and another by the Association of Energy Services Professionals. This analysis is also complemented by a brief survey of members of the 2012 Rome Conference IEPEC Planning Committee on international needs. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Vine, Edward AU - Saxonis, William AU - Peters, Jane AU - Tannenbaum, Bobbi AU - Wirtshafter, Bob AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and California Institute for Energy and Environment, Berkeley, CA, USA, elvine@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 293 EP - 303 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Conferences KW - Training KW - Committees KW - Economics KW - Accountability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1352286477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Training+the+next+generation+of+energy+efficiency+evaluators&rft.au=Vine%2C+Edward%3BSaxonis%2C+William%3BPeters%2C+Jane%3BTannenbaum%2C+Bobbi%3BWirtshafter%2C+Bob&rft.aulast=Vine&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-012-9177-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Conferences; Training; Committees; Economics; Accountability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-012-9177-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging evaluation issues: persistence, behavior, rebound, and policy AN - 1352286222; 17941191 AB - In this paper, we focus on a select group of technical and policy issues, which are currently important and/or are expected to become more critical in the coming years. The first set of technical issues deals with the evaluation of (1) persistence, (2) behavior and behavior change, and (3) rebound. We provide an overview of the importance of these issues, discuss key data collection and analytical challenges involved in evaluating them, and identify some recent methodological advances that have been made in these areas. These technical issues are becoming more important as energy efficiency and demand side management are increasingly being relied upon as a means of achieving long-term energy resource and environmental objectives. The second set of policy issues deals with (1) the evaluation of energy efficiency at the "policy" rather than the "program" level, (2) the use of "top-down" rather than "bottom-up" evaluation of energy efficiency programs and policies, and (3) closing the loop between evaluators and implementers. We provide an overview of the importance of these issues, particularly as seen by policymakers at the state, federal, and international levels. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Vine, Edward AU - Hall, Nick AU - Keating, Kenneth M AU - Kushler, Martin AU - Prahl, Ralph AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90-4000, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, elvine@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 329 EP - 339 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Data collection KW - Behavior KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1352286222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Emerging+evaluation+issues%3A+persistence%2C+behavior%2C+rebound%2C+and+policy&rft.au=Vine%2C+Edward%3BHall%2C+Nick%3BKeating%2C+Kenneth+M%3BKushler%2C+Martin%3BPrahl%2C+Ralph&rft.aulast=Vine&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-012-9174-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Data collection; Behavior DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-012-9174-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bottom-Up Energy Analysis System (BUENAS)-an international appliance efficiency policy tool AN - 1352285754; 17941199 AB - The Bottom-Up Energy Analysis System (BUENAS) calculates potential energy and greenhouse gas emission impacts of efficiency policies for lighting, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, appliances, and industrial equipment through 2030. The model includes 16 end use categories and covers 11 individual countries plus the European Union. BUENAS is a bottom-up stock accounting model that predicts energy consumption for each type of equipment in each country according to engineering-based estimates of annual unit energy consumption, scaled by projections of equipment stock. Energy demand in each scenario is determined by equipment stock, usage, intensity, and efficiency. When available, BUENAS uses sales forecasts taken from country studies to project equipment stock. Otherwise, BUENAS uses an econometric model of household appliance uptake developed by the authors. Once the business as usual scenario is established, a high-efficiency policy scenario is constructed that includes an improvement in the efficiency of equipment installed in 2015 or later. Policy case efficiency targets represent current "best practice" and include standards already established in a major economy or well-defined levels known to enjoy a significant market share in a major economy. BUENAS calculates energy savings according to the difference in energy demand in the two scenarios. Greenhouse gas emission mitigation is then calculated using a forecast of electricity carbon factor. We find that mitigation of 1075 mt annual CO sub(2) emissions is possible by 2030 from adopting current best practices of appliance efficiency policies. This represents a 17 % reduction in emissions in the business as usual case in that year. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - McNeil, Michael A AU - Letschert, Virginie E AU - Rue du Can, Stephane AU - Ke, Jing AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA, USA, MAMcNeil@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 191 EP - 217 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Best practices KW - European Union KW - Emissions KW - M3:1010 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1352285754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Bottom-Up+Energy+Analysis+System+%28BUENAS%29-an+international+appliance+efficiency+policy+tool&rft.au=McNeil%2C+Michael+A%3BLetschert%2C+Virginie+E%3BRue+du+Can%2C+Stephane%3BKe%2C+Jing&rft.aulast=McNeil&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-012-9182-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Emissions; European Union DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-012-9182-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological limits to terrestrial biological carbon dioxide removal AN - 1352284784; 17957490 AB - Terrestrial biological atmospheric carbon dioxide removal (BCDR) through bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECS), afforestation/reforestation, and forest and soil management is a family of proposed climate change mitigation strategies. Very high sequestration potentials for these strategies have been reported, but there has been no systematic analysis of the potential ecological limits to and environmental impacts of implementation at the scale relevant to climate change mitigation. In this analysis, we identified site-specific aspects of land, water, nutrients, and habitat that will affect local project-scale carbon sequestration and ecological impacts. Using this framework, we estimated global-scale land and resource requirements for BCDR, implemented at a rate of 1 Pg C y super(-1). We estimate that removing 1 Pg C y super(-1) via tropical afforestation would require at least 710 super(6) ha y super(-1) of land, 0.09 Tg y super(-1) of nitrogen, and 0.2 Tg y super(-1) of phosphorous, and would increase evapotranspiration from those lands by almost 50 %. Switchgrass BECS would require at least 210 super(8) ha of land (20 times U.S. area currently under bioethanol production) and 20 Tg y super(-1) of nitrogen (20 % of global fertilizer nitrogen production), consuming 410 super(12)m super(3) y super(-1) of water. While BCDR promises some direct (climate) and ancillary (restoration, habitat protection) benefits, Pg C-scale implementation may be constrained by ecological factors, and may compromise the ultimate goals of climate change mitigation. JF - Climatic Change AU - Smith, Lydia J AU - Torn, Margaret S AD - University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA, MSTorn@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 89 EP - 103 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 118 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Mitigation KW - Climate change KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Habitat KW - Reforestation KW - USA KW - Afforestation KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon sinks KW - Biofuels KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1352284784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Ecological+limits+to+terrestrial+biological+carbon+dioxide+removal&rft.au=Smith%2C+Lydia+J%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Lydia&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-012-0682-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 108 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Evapotranspiration; Carbon sinks; Carbon dioxide; Mitigation; Afforestation; Habitat; Reforestation; Biofuels; Nitrogen; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0682-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative analysis of cell killing and autosomal mutation in mouse kidney epithelium exposed to 1 GeV protons in vitro or in vivo. AN - 1347259612; 23560634 AB - Human exposure to high-energy protons occurs in space flight scenarios or, where necessary, during radiotherapy for cancer or benign conditions. However, few studies have assessed the mutagenic effectiveness of high-energy protons, which may contribute to cancer risk. Mutations cause cancer and most cancer-associated mutations occur at autosomal loci. This study addresses the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of 1 GeV protons in mouse kidney epithelium. Mutant fractions were measured for an endogenous autosomal locus (Aprt) that detects all types of mutagenic events. Results for kidneys irradiated in vivo are compared with the results for kidney cells from the same strain exposed in vitro. The results demonstrate dose-dependent cell killing in vitro and for cells explanted 3-4 months postirradiation in vivo. Incubation in vivo for longer periods (8-9 months) further attenuates proton-induced cell killing. Protons are mutagenic to cells in vitro and for in vivo irradiated kidneys. The dose-response for Aprt mutation is curvilinear after in vitro or in vivo exposure, bending upward at the higher doses. While the absolute mutant fractions are higher in vivo, the fold-increase over background is similar for both in vitro and in situ exposures. Results are also presented for a limited study on the effect of dose fractionation on the induction of Aprt mutations in kidney epithelial cells. Dose-fractionation reduces the fraction of proton-induced Aprt mutants in vitro and in vivo and also results in less cell killing. Taken together, the mutation burden in the epithelium is slightly reduced by dose-fractionation. Autosomal mutations accumulated during clinical exposure to high-energy protons may contribute to the risk of treatment-associated neoplasms, thereby highlighting the need for rigorous treatment planning to reduce the dose to normal tissues. For low dose exposures that occur during most space flight scenarios, the mutagenic effects of protons appear to be modest. JF - Radiation research AU - Kronenberg, Amy AU - Gauny, Stacey AU - Kwoh, Ely AU - Grossi, Gianfranco AU - Dan, Cristian AU - Grygoryev, Dmytro AU - Lasarev, Michael AU - Turker, Mitchell S AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. a_kronenberg@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 511 EP - 520 VL - 179 IS - 5 KW - Protons KW - 0 KW - Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase KW - EC 2.4.2.7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Genetic Loci -- radiation effects KW - Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase -- genetics KW - Cell Death -- radiation effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Cell Death -- genetics KW - Mice KW - Genetic Loci -- genetics KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Epithelial Cells -- metabolism KW - Protons -- adverse effects KW - Epithelial Cells -- cytology KW - Chromosomes, Mammalian -- genetics KW - Kidney -- cytology KW - Mutation -- radiation effects KW - Chromosomes, Mammalian -- radiation effects KW - Epithelial Cells -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1347259612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Comparative+analysis+of+cell+killing+and+autosomal+mutation+in+mouse+kidney+epithelium+exposed+to+1+GeV+protons+in+vitro+or+in+vivo.&rft.au=Kronenberg%2C+Amy%3BGauny%2C+Stacey%3BKwoh%2C+Ely%3BGrossi%2C+Gianfranco%3BDan%2C+Cristian%3BGrygoryev%2C+Dmytro%3BLasarev%2C+Michael%3BTurker%2C+Mitchell+S&rft.aulast=Kronenberg&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=1938-5404&rft_id=info:doi/10.1667%2FRR3182.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2013-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/RR3182.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous Femtosecond X-ray Spectroscopy and Diffraction of Photosystem II at Room Temperature AN - 1808125997; 20373658 AB - One Protein, Two ProbesA central challenge in the use of x-ray diffraction to characterize macromolecular structure is the propensity of the high-energy radiation to damage the sample during data collection. Recently, a powerful accelerator-based, ultrafast x-ray laser source has been used to determine the geometric structures of small protein crystals too fragile for conventional diffraction techniques. Kern et al. (p. 491, published online 14 February) now pair this method with concurrent x-ray emission spectroscopy to probe electronic structure, as well as geometry, and were able to characterize the metal oxidation states in the oxygen-evolving complex within photosystem II crystals, while simultaneously verifying the surrounding protein structure. JF - Science AU - Kern, Jan AU - Alonso-Mori, Roberto AU - Tran, Rosalie AU - Hattne, Johan AU - Gildea, Richard J AU - Echols, Nathaniel AU - Glockner, Carina AU - Hellmich, Julia AU - Laksmono, Hartawan AU - Sierra, Raymond G AU - Lassalle-Kaiser, Benedikt AU - Koroidov, Sergey AU - Lampe, Alyssa AU - Han, Guangye AU - Gul, Sheraz AU - DiFiore, Dorte AU - Milathianaki, Despina AU - Fry, Alan R AU - Miahnahri, Alan AU - Schafer, Donald W AU - Messerschmidt, Marc AU - Seibert, MMarvin AU - Koglin, Jason E AU - Sokaras, Dimosthenis AU - Weng, Tsu-Chien AU - Sellberg, Jonas AU - Latimer, Matthew J AU - Grosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W AU - Zwart, Petrus H AU - White, William E AU - Glatzel, Pieter AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Bogan, Michael J AU - Williams, Garth J AU - Boutet, Sebastien AU - Messinger, Johannes AU - Zouni, Athina AU - Sauter, Nicholas K AU - Yachandra, Vittal K AU - Bergmann, Uwe AU - Yano, Junko AD - Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA Y1 - 2013/04/26/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Apr 26 SP - 491 EP - 495 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 United States VL - 340 IS - 6131 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN) KW - X-rays KW - Dichroism KW - Aluminum KW - Crystal structure KW - Proteins KW - Diffraction KW - Femtosecond KW - X-ray sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808125997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+Femtosecond+X-ray+Spectroscopy+and+Diffraction+of+Photosystem+II+at+Room+Temperature&rft.au=Kern%2C+Jan%3BAlonso-Mori%2C+Roberto%3BTran%2C+Rosalie%3BHattne%2C+Johan%3BGildea%2C+Richard+J%3BEchols%2C+Nathaniel%3BGlockner%2C+Carina%3BHellmich%2C+Julia%3BLaksmono%2C+Hartawan%3BSierra%2C+Raymond+G%3BLassalle-Kaiser%2C+Benedikt%3BKoroidov%2C+Sergey%3BLampe%2C+Alyssa%3BHan%2C+Guangye%3BGul%2C+Sheraz%3BDiFiore%2C+Dorte%3BMilathianaki%2C+Despina%3BFry%2C+Alan+R%3BMiahnahri%2C+Alan%3BSchafer%2C+Donald+W%3BMesserschmidt%2C+Marc%3BSeibert%2C+MMarvin%3BKoglin%2C+Jason+E%3BSokaras%2C+Dimosthenis%3BWeng%2C+Tsu-Chien%3BSellberg%2C+Jonas%3BLatimer%2C+Matthew+J%3BGrosse-Kunstleve%2C+Ralf+W%3BZwart%2C+Petrus+H%3BWhite%2C+William+E%3BGlatzel%2C+Pieter%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D%3BBogan%2C+Michael+J%3BWilliams%2C+Garth+J%3BBoutet%2C+Sebastien%3BMessinger%2C+Johannes%3BZouni%2C+Athina%3BSauter%2C+Nicholas+K%3BYachandra%2C+Vittal+K%3BBergmann%2C+Uwe%3BYano%2C+Junko&rft.aulast=Kern&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=2013-04-26&rft.volume=340&rft.issue=6131&rft.spage=491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1234273 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1234273 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking nm-scale measurements of the anisotropy of silicate surface reactivity to macroscopic dissolution rate laws; new insights based on diopside AN - 1420513924; 2013-065089 AB - The interfacial zone between a bulk fluid and a mineral surface is where all exchange of matter and energy occurs during chemical weathering. However, our knowledge is still limited with respect to understanding where and how the rate-determining dissolution reactions take place. A complicating factor is the commonplace formation of amorphous Si-rich surface layers (ASSLs), which may hinder contact between the fluid and the mineral surface. To address the role of ASSL, we investigated the dissolution of a common silicate (diopside), and related the bulk dissolution rate with the nanoscale dissolution rate and surface chemistry of its individual prevalent faces. While ASSL were evidenced on all of the investigated faces, only those formed on (1 1 0) and (110) were passivating, thereby controlling the reactivity of the underlying faces. The (1 1 0) and (110) faces intersect the highest density of Mg-O-Si and Fe-O-Si bonds, and this specificity may explain the passivating behavior of the corresponding ASSL. Moreover, we evidenced an inverse relation between aqueous silica concentration and the bulk dissolution rate of crushed diopside grains, which suggest that the (1 1 0) and (110) faces are predominant in a powder. By considering ASSL as a separate phase that can control silicate dissolution rates, extrapolated laboratory-based rates at conditions relevant to the field can be lowered by up to several orders of magnitude, thereby decreasing the large gap between laboratory and natural rates. This has important implications for more accurately modeling chemical weathering reactions, so important today for the C cycle and CO (sub 2) sequestration. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Daval, Damien AU - Hellmann, Roland AU - Saldi, Giuseppe D AU - Wirth, Richard AU - Knauss, Kevin G Y1 - 2013/04/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Apr 15 SP - 121 EP - 134 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 107 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - surface properties KW - chemical weathering KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - solubility KW - weathering KW - measurement KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - reactivity KW - pyroxene group KW - clinopyroxene KW - chemical reactions KW - carbon KW - mathematical methods KW - diopside KW - carbon cycle KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical composition KW - anisotropy KW - chain silicates KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1420513924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Linking+nm-scale+measurements+of+the+anisotropy+of+silicate+surface+reactivity+to+macroscopic+dissolution+rate+laws%3B+new+insights+based+on+diopside&rft.au=Daval%2C+Damien%3BHellmann%2C+Roland%3BSaldi%2C+Giuseppe+D%3BWirth%2C+Richard%3BKnauss%2C+Kevin+G&rft.aulast=Daval&rft.aufirst=Damien&rft.date=2013-04-15&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2012.12.045 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-15 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chain silicates; chemical composition; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; clinopyroxene; crystal chemistry; diopside; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; mathematical methods; measurement; models; pyroxene group; reactivity; silicates; solubility; surface properties; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.12.045 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The tumor microenvironment: The neighborhood is crucial! T2 - 2013 American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting (AACR 2013) AN - 1510093679; 6270501 JF - 2013 American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting (AACR 2013) AU - Bissell, Mina Y1 - 2013/04/06/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Apr 06 KW - Tumors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510093679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research+Annual+Meeting+%28AACR+2013%29&rft.atitle=The+tumor+microenvironment%3A+The+neighborhood+is+crucial%21&rft.au=Bissell%2C+Mina&rft.aulast=Bissell&rft.aufirst=Mina&rft.date=2013-04-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research+Annual+Meeting+%28AACR+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aacr.org/home/scientists/meetings--workshops/aacr-annual-meeting-2014/previous-annual-meetings/annual-meeting-2013/program.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-24 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-26 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of stress on solute transport in a fracture network; a comparison study AN - 1832587967; 726469-3 AB - This paper compares numerical modeling of the effect of stress on solute transport (advection and matrix diffusion) in fractured rocks in which fracture apertures are correlated with fracture lengths. It is mainly motivated by the performance and safety assessments of underground radioactive waste repositories. Five research teams used different approaches to model stress/deformation, flow and transport processes, based on either discrete fracture network or equivalent continuum models. The simulation results derived by various teams generally demonstrated that rock stresses could significantly influence solute transport processes through stress-induced changes in fracture apertures and associated changes in permeability. Reasonably good agreement was achieved regarding advection and matrix diffusion given the same fracture network, while some observed discrepancies could be explained by different mechanical or transport modeling approaches. JF - Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering AU - Zhao, Zhihong AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Leung, Colin AU - Hokr, Milan AU - Quansheng, Liu AU - Neretnieks, Ivars AU - Hoch, Andrew AU - Havlicek, Jiri AU - Wang, Yuan AU - Wang, Zhen AU - Yuexiu, Wu AU - Zimmerman, Robert Y1 - 2013/04// PY - 2013 DA - April 2013 SP - 110 EP - 123 PB - Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1674-7755, 1674-7755 KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - Poisson's ratio KW - hydraulics KW - shear stress KW - elastic properties KW - stiffness KW - elastic constants KW - fluid dynamics KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - environmental management KW - transport KW - disposal barriers KW - discrete element analysis KW - numerical models KW - stress KW - mechanical properties KW - effects KW - porosity KW - flows KW - physical properties KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - dilation KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832587967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Geotechnical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Impact+of+stress+on+solute+transport+in+a+fracture+network%3B+a+comparison+study&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Zhihong%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BLeung%2C+Colin%3BHokr%2C+Milan%3BQuansheng%2C+Liu%3BNeretnieks%2C+Ivars%3BHoch%2C+Andrew%3BHavlicek%2C+Jiri%3BWang%2C+Yuan%3BWang%2C+Zhen%3BYuexiu%2C+Wu%3BZimmerman%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Zhihong&rft.date=2013-04-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Geotechnical+Engineering&rft.issn=16747755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jrmge.2013.01.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/16747755/6/5 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dilation; discrete element analysis; disposal barriers; effects; elastic constants; elastic properties; environmental management; flows; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; hydraulics; mechanical properties; numerical models; physical properties; Poisson's ratio; porosity; radioactive waste; risk assessment; rock mechanics; shear stress; solute transport; stiffness; stress; transport; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2013.01.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence of uranium ground water plumes; contrasting mechanisms at two DOE sites in the ground water-river interaction zone AN - 1769965445; 2016-017251 AB - We examine subsurface uranium (U) plumes at two U.S. Department of Energy sites that are located near large river systems and are influenced by groundwater-river hydrologic interaction. Following surface excavation of contaminated materials, both sites were projected to naturally flush remnant uranium contamination to levels below regulatory limits (e.g., 30mu g/L or 0.126mu mol/L; U.S. EPA drinking water standard), with 10 years projected for the Hanford 300 Area (Columbia River) and 12 years for the Rifle site (Colorado River). The rate of observed uranium decrease was much lower than expected at both sites. While uncertainty remains, a comparison of current understanding suggests that the two sites have common, but also different mechanisms controlling plume persistence. At the Hanford 300 A, the persistent source is adsorbed U(VI) in the vadose zone that is released to the aquifer during spring water table excursions. The release of U(VI) from the vadose zone and its transport within the oxic, coarse-textured aquifer sediments is dominated by kinetically-limited surface complexation. Modeling implies that annual plume discharge volumes to the Columbia River are small (3 ppm) changes in delta (super 13) C either show evidence for diagenetic alteration or do not show delta (super 13) C and delta (super 44/40) Ca changes consistent with severe volcanic degassing from Emeishan or methane clathrate destabilization. We conclude that the large isotopic changes are more likely the result of local burial conditions or diagenetic effects, rather than a large carbon cycle disturbance. Perturbations to the global carbon and calcium cycles appear to have been much smaller across the G/L transition than across the subsequent Permian-Triassic boundary. This finding is consistent with recent paleobiological data showing that the end-Guadalupian extinction was much less severe than previously believed, and was indistinguishable in magnitude from background intervals. However, selective extinction of marine animals with passive respiratory physiology indicates that the G/L extinction cannot simply be due to background extinction or sampling failure, and that it was triggered by some environmental event. Therefore, any environmental event must have been small enough to not generate large changes in delta (super 13) C and delta (super 44/40) Ca. A small acidification or warming event is therefore plausible, but difficult to confirm. Loss of marine habitat by way of sea-level change also remains a possible extinction trigger. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Jost, Adam B AU - Mundil, Roland AU - He, Bin AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Altiner, Demir AU - Sun, Yadong AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Payne, Jonathan L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 700 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1549617533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Constraining+the+cause+of+the+end-Guadalupian+extinction+with+coupled+records+of+carbon+and+calcium+isotopes&rft.au=Jost%2C+Adam+B%3BMundil%2C+Roland%3BHe%2C+Bin%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BAltiner%2C+Demir%3BSun%2C+Yadong%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BPayne%2C+Jonathan+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jost&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=700&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper228956.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-31 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 5D SIP monitoring of stimulated uranium bio-remediation AN - 1549616696; 2014-057802 JF - Berichte der Geologischen Bundesanstalt AU - Flores Orozco, Adrian AU - Williams, Kim AU - Kemna, Andreas Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 24 PB - Geologische Bundesanstalt, Vienna VL - 104 SN - 1017-8880, 1017-8880 KW - United States KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - geophysical surveys KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - government agencies KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Rifle Integrated Field Research Challenge KW - Rifle Colorado KW - induced polarization KW - water pollution KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - mine waste KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - metals KW - surveys KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - tailings KW - actinides KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1549616696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Berichte+der+Geologischen+Bundesanstalt&rft.atitle=5D+SIP+monitoring+of+stimulated+uranium+bio-remediation&rft.au=Flores+Orozco%2C+Adrian%3BWilliams%2C+Kim%3BKemna%2C+Andreas&rft.aulast=Flores+Orozco&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Berichte+der+Geologischen+Bundesanstalt&rft.issn=10178880&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2nd international workshop on Geoelectrical monitoring N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bioremediation; Colorado; electrical methods; Garfield County Colorado; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; government agencies; ground water; induced polarization; metals; mine waste; monitoring; pollution; programs; remediation; Rifle Colorado; Rifle Integrated Field Research Challenge; surveys; tailings; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; uranium; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The vulnerability of subsurface soil organic carbon to in situ warming and altered root inputs AN - 1545410751; 2014-052522 AB - Subsurface soils (>30 cm) store more than half of global soil organic carbon (SOC) and the processes governing soil C turnover vary with depth. However, most SOC research has focused on surface soil and controls on subsoil dynamics are poorly understood. We are building a whole soil profile (to 1.5 m) warming experiment in an annual grassland to study the effects of warming and root inputs on SOC dynamics throughout the profile. This presentation will describe the experiment prototype and an initiative for an international consortium of replicated experiments. The soil is heated with resistance heaters inserted to heat the profile to 4 degrees C above ambient while maintaining the natural temperature gradient. Highly (super 13) C-enriched Avena fatua grass root litter will be added within heated and unheated plots, in a factorial with addition of a DOC mixture to simulate root inputs. A comprehensive suite of measurements-instrumented in situ and in the laboratory-will be used to quantify the effect of warming and carbon inputs on soil C and N cycling. To improve predictive understanding and model skill, the experiment is focused on hypotheses concerning: (1) temperature sensitivity of native SOC and new (added root litter or DOC) carbon inputs with depth; (2) the effects of simulated root-input treatments with depth; and (3) interactions between warming and new C inputs. This study is one of the first to study responses of subsurface SOC to global change factors in situ and is designed to enhance our understanding of deep SOC stabilization mechanisms and improve predictions of the fate of soil carbon in a changing climate. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Pries, Caitlin Hicks AU - Zhu, Biao AU - Jansson, Janet AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Herman, Don AU - Curtis, Bryan AU - Castanh, Cristina AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2345 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - soils KW - processes KW - Avena fatua KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - soil profiles KW - in situ KW - roots KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545410751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+vulnerability+of+subsurface+soil+organic+carbon+to+in+situ+warming+and+altered+root+inputs&rft.au=Torn%2C+Margaret%3BPries%2C+Caitlin+Hicks%3BZhu%2C+Biao%3BJansson%2C+Janet%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BHerman%2C+Don%3BCurtis%2C+Bryan%3BCastanh%2C+Cristina%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.20 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Avena fatua; carbon; climate change; experimental studies; in situ; organic carbon; Plantae; processes; roots; simulation; soil profiles; soils DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.20 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking fluvial processes and elemental cycling within the Old Rifle, CO aquifer AN - 1545410495; 2014-052556 AB - A successive series of biostimulation experiments within the Old Rifle, CO (USA) aquifer since 2002 have focused on biogeochemical pathways arising from organic carbon injection and its role in mediating the cycling of iron, manganese, sulfur, uranium, vanadium, arsenic, and selenium. While most have concentrated on reductive pathways and their impact on contaminant mobility, recent studies have begun to explore oxidative pathways and their impact on metals dynamics, carbon modification, and the long-term viability of reductive immobilization as a remedial strategy. Insights gained from such experiments have shed light on analogous natural biogeochemical pathways that mediate element cycling in the absence of exogenous carbon amendment. Within the aquifer, such pathways are often seasonal and correlate with excursions in groundwater elevation of 1-2 m associated with increased discharge in the Colorado River during spring/summer snowmelt. Imbibition of oxygen bubbles within the capillary fringe associated with such excursions is inferred to be the primary contributor to seasonally oxic groundwater, with its impact on redox-mediated reactions exhibiting close correspondence to intentional introduction of oxidants. Superimposed upon natural and artificial redox fluctuations are relic signatures of the depositional fabric of alluvial accumulation. Specifically, ferromanganese-encrusted cobbles accumulated as channel fill deposits serve as an effective vector for iron and manganese delivery during incipient accretion of the aquifer materials. Post-depositional redox processes and oxygen incursion associated with groundwater level fluctuations enable redistribution and mineralization of iron and manganese throughout the aquifer, with subsequent implications for carbon and metals transformations. Linking such pathways within the context of a 'porous subsurface bioreactor' constitutes an ambitious yet tractable means for quantifying elemental fluxes at the floodplain and potentially larger scales. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Williams, K H AU - Robbins, M J AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Long, P E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2500 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - manganese KW - iron KW - ground water KW - Colorado River KW - Rifle Colorado KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - depositional environment KW - organic carbon KW - fabric KW - discharge KW - Eh KW - processes KW - experimental studies KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - sedimentation KW - Old Rifle Aquifer KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - fluctuations KW - metals KW - Colorado KW - fluvial environment KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545410495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Linking+fluvial+processes+and+elemental+cycling+within+the+Old+Rifle%2C+CO+aquifer&rft.au=Williams%2C+K+H%3BRobbins%2C+M+J%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.23 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biochemistry; carbon; Colorado; Colorado River; depositional environment; discharge; Eh; experimental studies; fabric; fluctuations; fluvial environment; Garfield County Colorado; geochemical cycle; ground water; iron; manganese; metals; Old Rifle Aquifer; organic carbon; oxidation; processes; quantitative analysis; Rifle Colorado; sedimentation; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Update to new homogeneous standards by atomic layer deposition for synchrotron X-ray fluorescence and absorption spectroscopies AN - 1545409647; 2014-054601 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Butterworth, A L AU - Becker, N AU - Gainsforth, Z AU - Lanzirotti, A AU - Newville, M AU - Proslier, T AU - Stodolna, J AU - Sutton, S AU - Tyliszczak, T AU - Westphal, A J AU - Zasadzinski, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 EP - Paper 3007 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 44 KW - transmission electron microscopy KW - methods KW - X-ray fluorescence KW - scanning transmission X-ray microscopy KW - calibration KW - non-destructive methods KW - synchrotron radiation KW - absorption KW - quantitative analysis KW - atomic layer deposition KW - standard materials KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - X-ray analysis KW - synthesis KW - spectroscopy KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545409647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Update+to+new+homogeneous+standards+by+atomic+layer+deposition+for+synchrotron+X-ray+fluorescence+and+absorption+spectroscopies&rft.au=Butterworth%2C+A+L%3BBecker%2C+N%3BGainsforth%2C+Z%3BLanzirotti%2C+A%3BNewville%2C+M%3BProslier%2C+T%3BStodolna%2C+J%3BSutton%2C+S%3BTyliszczak%2C+T%3BWestphal%2C+A+J%3BZasadzinski%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Butterworth&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/3007.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 44th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Jan. 14, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; atomic layer deposition; calibration; methods; non-destructive methods; quantitative analysis; scanning transmission X-ray microscopy; spectroscopy; standard materials; synchrotron radiation; synthesis; transmission electron microscopy; X-ray analysis; X-ray fluorescence; X-ray spectroscopy ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Geothermal induced seismicity; hazards, risks, & implementing best practices AN - 1542646870; 2014-048695 JF - Geothermal induced seismicity; hazards, risks, & implementing best practices AU - Bromley, Chris J AU - Majer, E AU - Siddiqi, G Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 37 KW - United States KW - Cooper Basin KW - Far East KW - Saint Gall Switzerland KW - geologic hazards KW - Europe KW - Switzerland KW - North Island KW - California KW - fluid injection KW - best practices KW - Berlin Field KW - El Salvador KW - Central Europe KW - Australia KW - Asia KW - induced earthquakes KW - Australasia KW - geothermal engineering KW - Rotokawa Field KW - geothermal energy KW - case studies KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - Philippine Islands KW - natural hazards KW - risk assessment KW - earthquakes KW - Central America KW - permeability KW - New Zealand KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542646870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bromley%2C+Chris+J%3BMajer%2C+E%3BSiddiqi%2C+G&rft.aulast=Bromley&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Geothermal+induced+seismicity%3B+hazards%2C+risks%2C+%26+implementing+best+practices&rft.title=Geothermal+induced+seismicity%3B+hazards%2C+risks%2C+%26+implementing+best+practices&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://iea-gia.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Bromley-IEA-GIA-EDC-seminar-21Sept13-Induced-Seimicity-v2.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science), Lower Hutt, New Zealand N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Availability - GNS Science, New Zealand N1 - SuppNotes - PowerPoint presentation; presented at the IEA-GIA/EDC seminar, Manila, Sept. 21, 2013. Accessed on June 24, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Film hydrostatics and flow under control by capillarity and adsorption AN - 1542645577; 2014-051000 AB - Film flow is sometimes invoked as an explanation for observed anomalous transport in the unsaturated zone. Physical considerations can be applied to better identify conditions where this mechanism is likely to be important. This overview of some past and recent studies begins with considerations of constraints imposed by local equilibrium requirements, which help discern when water films are likely to be significant conduits for flow and transport in the unsaturated zone. This equilibrium framework is used to examine some scenarios for droplet formation in fractures, and the possibility for generating fast flow paths through progressively convergent, gravity-driven flow paths through the unsaturated zone. The role of mineral surface microtopography in supporting potentially thick, transmissive capillary water films is reviewed, with emphasis on the importance of constraints imposed by matric (capillary) potential. Some models for how adsorbed water film thickness depends on matric potential are examined to illustrate the high level of hydraulic resistance developed in unsaturated pores and fractures, especially at low (more negative) matric potentials. Some factors imparting high levels of uncertainty in predicting film flow, and therefore representative of areas for future research, are also discussed. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 488 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542645577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Film+hydrostatics+and+flow+under+control+by+capillarity+and+adsorption&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=488&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper230436.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A benchmarking study on heavy metal cycling in lake sediments AN - 1542645379; 2014-051146 AB - Upstream mining activities are known to degrade water quality on regional and global scales. The sediments of Lake Coeur d'Alene, Idaho have been similarly contaminated by iron and other heavy metals. This benchmark study is developed after Sengor et al. (2007), where a reactive-diffusive model of metal transport in the lake sediments was presented. Key processes affecting the biogeochemical cycling of heavy metals in lake sediments include microbial reductive dissolution of iron hydroxides (e.g. ferrihydrite), the release of sorbed metals into lake water, reaction of these metals with biogenic sulfide to form sulfide minerals, and sedimentation driving the burial of ferrihydrite and other minerals. Four scenarios of the benchmark problem are considered. The base-case simulation consists of the development of a multicomponent biotic reaction network with multiple terminal electron acceptors, Fickian diffusive transport, mineral precipitation and dissolution, and aqueous and surface complexation (electrostatic double-layer model) for a 1D vertical sediment column. Variations of the benchmark problem consist of adding sedimentation (2 and 4 cm/yr) with and without compaction. Sedimentation is approximated in the model by advection of solids and pore water downward from the top of the modeled sediment column. Compaction is approximated by decreasing the advection rate with depth. Another problem variation consists of replacing microbial Fe(III) reduction with abiotic Fe(III) reduction by biogenically produced sulfide. This benchmark study uses four different reactive transport modeling codes--TOUGHREACT, CrunchFlow, PHREEQC and PHT3D--to simulate the four scenarios. For the base-case and the abiotic Fe(III) reduction scenarios, the four codes produce identical results for alkalinity, pH, and electron acceptor concentrations with depth. In particular, an increase in alkalinity and heavy metal concentrations are observed correspondingly with a sequential decrease in the terminal electron acceptor concentrations with depth. Results from both biotic and abiotic cases with different sedimentation velocities (2 and 4 cm/yr) without compaction are also well captured. Differences in the results are observed with the compaction scenario, as it is implemented differently by the different codes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Arora, Bhavna AU - Sengor, S Sevinc AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 715 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542645379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+benchmarking+study+on+heavy+metal+cycling+in+lake+sediments&rft.au=Arora%2C+Bhavna%3BSengor%2C+S+Sevinc%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=Bhavna&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper233806.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field investigation of moisture dynamics in weathered bedrock AN - 1542645376; 2014-050993 AB - Though runoff through bedrock has been shown to contribute significantly to streamflow in soil mantled landscapes, investigations are typically limited to tracer and water balance analyses due to difficulties accessing hillslope interiors for direct observation. Consequently, moisture storage and transport within unsaturated, fractured bedrock is poorly understood. Within the 17 km (super 2) Elder Creek watershed in northern California, we use a variety of techniques to probe the interior of a 4000 m (super 2) hillslope to explore how subsurface moisture dynamics are influenced by the development of a weathering front into bedrock. Deep drilling (12 wells 6-35 m deep), geophysical imaging and neutron probe logging reveal a structured weathered bedrock zone. Thin soils mantle a porous saprolite layer which transitions into fractured,weathered rock. An abrupt boundary between weathered rock and dense, very low conductivity fresh bedrock occurs at 4 m at the base of the hillslope and thickens to a depth of 25 m depth near the topographic divide. Six years of monitoring reveal that seasonal rainfall (approximately 1900 mm annually) rapidly penetrates the soil and weathered rock, becomes perched on the fresh bedrock boundary, and flows laterally downslope. The first storms of the season increase rock moisture in the weathered bedrock to depths of up to 6 m and produce a groundwater response at depths of 5 to 19 m. Subsequent rain events cause pulses in soil moisture, but a damped response in the rock moisture of the saprolite. During the dry season, the soil rapidly dries and the rock moisture content declines by approximately 115 mm in the first 6 m. No significant detectable change in moisture content is observed at greater depth within the weathered bedrock despite the rise and fall of the water table through this zone. These observations reveal that the upper portion of the weathered, fractured bedrock gains and loses significant moisture, which in turn may influence seasonal recharge rates to the perched water table, the isotopic signature and solutes in runoff, and water availability to vegetation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Rempe, Daniella M AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Oshun, Jasper AU - Dietrich, William AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 487 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542645376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Field+investigation+of+moisture+dynamics+in+weathered+bedrock&rft.au=Rempe%2C+Daniella+M%3BSalve%2C+Rohit%3BOshun%2C+Jasper%3BDietrich%2C+William%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rempe&rft.aufirst=Daniella&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper234101.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-Darcian flow in clay media AN - 1542645309; 2014-050991 AB - Accurate modeling of water flow in clay is critical for several practical applications. Many laboratory experimental results in the literature, however, indicate that the traditional form of Darcy's law is not adequate for describing water flow processes in clay media because the observed relationship between water flux and hydraulic gradient can be highly non-linear. To capture this non-Darcian flow behavior, we propose a new relationship between water flux and hydraulic gradient by generalizing the currently existing relationships. The new relationship is shown to be consistent with experimental observations for both saturated and unsaturated conditions. In this paper, we also develop an empirical relationship between permeability and threshold hydraulic gradient, an important measure of non-Darcian behavior. The latter relationship is practically useful because it can reduce the number of parameters whose values need to be determined from experiment data in order to model non-Darcian behavior. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 487 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542645309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Non-Darcian+flow+in+clay+media&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper226398.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal changes in redox conditions due to fluctuating groundwater depth leading to changes in subsurface microbial activity at the old Rifle Site in western Colorado AN - 1542644700; 2014-048353 AB - The Old Rifle site is located on a floodplain adjacent to the Colorado River in Rifle, Colorado. The site is the location of an intensive research program to track the flow of carbon in the subsurface and its impact on microbial activity in the subsurface. The depth to groundwater at the site is generally 3 m, but during peak runoff and high water levels in the Colorado River in early- to mid-June, the groundwater level can increase by more than 1 m relative to basal flow. The geology consists of around 6 m of Quaternary alluvium composed of quartz and feldspar sands with silts, clays, pebbles, and cobbles, with iron oxide coatings overlying the less permeable Tertiary Wasatch Formation. Within the alluvium are deposits of natural organic matter that create natural bioreduced zones (NBRZ) that have a significant impact on movement of redox sensitive chemical species in the sediments. To monitor biological and chemical processes in the unsaturated zone at the site, 3 wells were installed with soil gas samples and lysimeters at 50 cm depth intervals from the surface to the top of the water table. Sampling from these wells is done on a monthly basis in order to track changes in activity related to seasonal variations in activity due to changing infiltration and variations in groundwater depth. Preliminary results found that rising groundwater during spring run-off of this year resulted in sharp increases in CO (sub 2) and N (sub 2) O concentrations in soil gas at all depths in all three vadose zone wells providing direct evidence of increased subsurface microbial activity. The nitrogen isotope ratios of N (sub 2) O in these wells were low and decreasing with time (as low as -28 ppm), suggesting that nitrification is an important microbial process in these soils. In one well, the groundwater rose above the level of the two deepest sampling points and brought oxygenated water into contact with a NBRZ in the vicinity of the well. Sulfate concentrations in pore water samples increased and the sulfur isotope ratios of the sulfate dropped below -30 ppm indicating rapid oxidation of low- (super 34) S pyrites in the NBRZ. This sulfate was also accompanied by high uranium concentrations (1.3 mu M) possibly also derived from oxidation of reduced uranium in the NRBZ. A more complete data set will be available for discussion at the meeting. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Bill, Markus AU - Robbins, Mark J AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 98 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542644700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Seasonal+changes+in+redox+conditions+due+to+fluctuating+groundwater+depth+leading+to+changes+in+subsurface+microbial+activity+at+the+old+Rifle+Site+in+western+Colorado&rft.au=Conrad%2C+Mark+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BRobbins%2C+Mark+J%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper233246.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical proxy nanostructure of foraminifera by X-ray imaging; STXM and tomography AN - 1542641161; 2014-050382 AB - Empirical palaeoceongraphic proxies typically exploit geochemical signatures in biominerals, such as the shells ('tests') of foraminfera. Correlations between quantities such as Mg-content of the whole shell and the physico-chemical environment in which the shell was laid down by the planktonic organism are used to chart, for example, ocean temperature. Data off tests obtained from ocean floor sediment cores allow the proxy measurement of paleotemperatures back through geologic time. Implicit here is the assumption that Mg substitutes into the calcite lattice of the shell. Links between XRD results for high-Mg-calcites of foram tests and inorganic high-Mg-calcites lend support to his assumption, but are, of necessity, made from crushed and averaged powder samples of whole shells. The Mg-contents of most formainifera (0-10 mmol/mol Mg/Ca) are lower than the detection limits of XRD, however. Furthermore, previous LA-ICP-MS and nanoSIMS mapping of elemental concentrations in forma tests indicate banding and chemical heterogeneity. We have exploited the nanometre scale resolution of STXM methods at the ALS, Berkeley, to determine elemental concentrations and chemical environments (coordination states) of key targets, such as Mg, B and S in foraminifera test. STXM and related methods, such as PEEM, (potentially) ptychography provide unique insights into the chemical state of important geochemical proxies within mineral lattices. We find that Mg is indeed incorporated into the crystalline lattice of CaCO3, but with some potential indication of clustering. Results show that compositional banding in one element can be compared directly with other key elements. The role of diagentic alteration in old foram tests has been explored through synchrotron tomography at Diamond Light Source. Additional capabilities such as coherent diffraction imaging technieus offer future prospects for further exploring the relationship between proxy element distributions and mineral nanostructure. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Redfern, Simon A T AU - Branson, Oscar AU - Elderfield, Henry AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Rau, Christoph AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2035 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - tomography KW - alteration KW - Protista KW - lattice KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - coordination KW - paleo-oceanography KW - mass spectra KW - substitution KW - measurement KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Foraminifera KW - X-ray data KW - tests KW - paleotemperature KW - diagenesis KW - Invertebrata KW - spectra KW - magnesian calcite KW - heterogeneity KW - nanoparticles KW - carbonates KW - microfossils KW - 10:Invertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542641161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Geochemical+proxy+nanostructure+of+foraminifera+by+X-ray+imaging%3B+STXM+and+tomography&rft.au=Redfern%2C+Simon+A+T%3BBranson%2C+Oscar%3BElderfield%2C+Henry%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BRau%2C+Christoph%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Redfern&rft.aufirst=Simon+A&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2035&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.18 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; carbonates; coordination; diagenesis; Foraminifera; heterogeneity; ICP mass spectra; Invertebrata; lattice; magnesian calcite; mass spectra; measurement; microfossils; nanoparticles; paleo-oceanography; paleotemperature; Protista; spectra; substitution; tests; tomography; X-ray data; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of coupled surface-subsurface hydrologic and terrestrial ecosystem processes using PFLOTRAN and CLM AN - 1535206106; 2014-041259 AB - Current Earth system models greatly simplify or completely omit some key physical processes, such as lateral flow of water and heat, surface-subsurface interactions, realistic groundwater-vadose zone interactions, and freeze-thaw dynamics. Capturing the effects of such processes is critically important for improving our understanding of climate change impacts on hydrology and associated climate feedbacks. Towards this end, we have added non-isothermal coupled surface-water groundwater interactions and a multi-phase ice model to PFLOTRAN--an open-source, massively parallel hydrologic flow and reactive transport model--and have developed a framework for coupling it with the Community Land Model (CLM), the state-of-the-art LSM component of the Community Earth System Model (CESM). In the coupled CLM-PFLOTRAN model, PFLOTRAN replaces the CLM treatment of surface and subsurface thermal hydrology. CLM provides sources and sinks of water (evapotranspiration, snowmelt, and precipitation) and heat flux; while PFLOTRAN evolves the subsurface soil moisture and thermal states (including freeze-thaw dynamics). This allows a unified treatment of the unsaturated and saturated zones (which are decoupled in standalone CLM) and enables lateral redistribution of surface and subsurface water and heat. In addition to hydrologic coupling, we are developing a biogeochemistry linkage to enable interaction between CLM plant functional types and PFLOTRAN subsurface biogeochemistry. We will describe the development of our model and demonstrate its application at two very different locations: The permafrost-affected landscape of the Barrow Environmental Observatory research reserve on the North Slope of Alaska, and the Walker Branch Watershed on the U.S. Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Reservation, located in the humid subtropical environment of the Valley and Ridge Appalachians of East Tennessee. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Mills, Richard Tran AU - Bisht, Gautam AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Cheng, Chu-Lin AU - Tang, Guoping AU - Hammond, Glenn E AU - Andre, Benjamin J AU - Watson, David B AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 264 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535206106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+coupled+surface-subsurface+hydrologic+and+terrestrial+ecosystem+processes+using+PFLOTRAN+and+CLM&rft.au=Mills%2C+Richard+Tran%3BBisht%2C+Gautam%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BCheng%2C+Chu-Lin%3BTang%2C+Guoping%3BHammond%2C+Glenn+E%3BAndre%2C+Benjamin+J%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper226286.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrologic dynamics inside hillslopes AN - 1535205676; 2014-041247 AB - Few observations are available to describe the movement of unsaturated and saturated flow through the weathered bedrock that underlies hillslopes. Yet many recent studies point to this flow path as controlling not only dry season base flow of channels, but even peak runoff events, as well as erosional processes. In 2007, we began an intensive hydrologic monitoring program on a approximately 30 degrees forested hillslope in northern California (Rivendell) underlain primarily by vertically dipping argillite to explore topographic controls on moisture return to the atmosphere. Here, weathered bedrock varying from about 4 m thick near the base of the hillslope to 24 m at the divide, underlies a thin soil mantle. Seasonally, a perched water table develops on this boundary and directs runoff to the adjacent channel. Through monitoring of 12 wells (drilled to fresh bedrock), sap flow, soil moisture, and rock moisture over a approximately 4000 m2 area, a picture of the dynamics and diversity of flow in the weathered bedrock zone is emerging. In the spirit of this special session, we focus on three surprises. One simple metric of subsurface dynamics is the lag time between peak rainfall and peak groundwater response. Unsaturated flow travels up to 27 m in our site to the water table, and it would be expected that the greater the travel distance the longer the lag time. Surprisingly, we find that for three of our deeper wells, the response preceded sites with shallower water table depths in the first storms of the season. As the rainy season continued, however, their response systematically slowed- by a factor of 100. The second surprise was the large difference in the groundwater response in each of the wells. Once sufficient rains occurred, most rose rapidly as storm pulses arrived, but the peak height differed greatly: for the same storm, for example, some wells rose 17 m, while others less than 2 m. Some wells rose to a seasonal elevated level and then responded to individual storms while others rose and returned to nearly pre-storm levels. Our observations suggest a highly variable groundwater response conditioned by local fractures that fill, spill and drain. The third surprise, then, is that the stable isotope composition of the groundwater is remarkably invariant despite widely varying meteoric input values, and the large, rapid rise and long, slow decline of the water table. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dietrich, William E AU - Rempe, Daniella M AU - Oshun, Jasper AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 262 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535205676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Hydrologic+dynamics+inside+hillslopes&rft.au=Dietrich%2C+William+E%3BRempe%2C+Daniella+M%3BOshun%2C+Jasper%3BSalve%2C+Rohit%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dietrich&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper233459.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of calcite precipitation on flow alteration in porous media AN - 1535204416; 2014-038288 AB - One of the major challenges associated with sequestration of carbon dioxide, given the complexity and range of coupled thermal, hydrological, mechanical, and chemical processes involved, is the understanding of geochemical reactivity in the case of long-term sequestration. Mineral trapping involves precipitation of minerals like calcite, which can cause a significant reduction in permeability of reservoirs by altering the shape, size and connectivity of the pores, the roughness of their surface, or by plugging the pore throats. The effects of calcite precipitation in porous media are evaluated through an experimental and modeling study. Two experiments using cylindrical core packed with glass beads and calcite (Iceland spar) or aragonite (Bahamas ooids) were injected with a supersaturated mixture of CaCl (sub 2) and NaHCO (sub 3) to induce calcite growth. Bulk rates of precipitation based on the change in aqueous chemistry over the length of the columns are compared with spatially resolved determinations of carbonate precipitation using X-ray synchrotron micro-tomography with a resolution of 4.46 mu m. The new crystals are shown to be very different according to the initial mineral surface on which they grow. Results are compared in terms of growth rate, crystal shape, surface area and pore roughness. The impact of crystal distribution on roughness increase and on pore scale flow and permeability is evaluated through numerical modeling. The results are compared with results for several model porous media for which different crystal growth rates were implemented. The effect of differing calcite growth rate laws and surface roughness are compared for cases in which the total porosity change is comparable. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Noiriel, Catherine AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Yang, Li AU - Bernard, Dominique AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1859 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - processes KW - alteration KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - porous materials KW - crystal growth KW - porosity KW - calcite KW - models KW - reactivity KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - carbonates KW - permeability KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535204416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Impact+of+calcite+precipitation+on+flow+alteration+in+porous+media&rft.au=Noiriel%2C+Catherine%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BYang%2C+Li%3BBernard%2C+Dominique%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Noiriel&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.14 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; calcite; carbon sequestration; carbonates; crystal growth; experimental studies; models; permeability; porosity; porous materials; precipitation; processes; reactivity; saturation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurements of calcite nucleation kinetics and binding energies reconcile disparate views of template-directed nucleation AN - 1535203893; 2014-038359 AB - The physical basis for how organisms use macromolecules to regulate the onset of mineral formation in calcifying tissues is not well established. The biomineralization community has widely assumed that the organic matrix promotes nucleation through stereochemical matching to guide the organization of solute ions, while materials synthesis groups use simple binding assays to correlate high binding strength with good promoters of nucleation. This study reconciles the two views and provides a mechanistic explanation for template-directed nucleation by correlating heterogeneous nucleation barriers with crystal-substrate binding free energies. Using surface assembled monolayers (SAM), we first measure the kinetics of calcite nucleation onto model substrates that present different functional group chemistries (carboxyl, thiol, phosphate, hydroxyl) and conformations (C11, C16 chain lengths). We find rates are substrate-specific and obey predictions of classical nucleation theory at supersaturations that extend above the solubility of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). Analysis of the kinetic data shows the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation is reduced by minimizing the interfacial free energy of the system, g. We then use dynamic force spectroscopy to independently measure calcite-substrate binding free energies, DG (sub b) . Moreover, we show that within the classical theory of nucleation, g and DG (sub b) should be linearly related. The results bear out this prediction and demonstrate that low energy barriers to nucleation correlate with strong crystal-substrate binding. This relationship is general to all functional group chemistries and conformations. These findings reconcile the long-standing concept of templated nucleation through stereochemical matching with the conventional wisdom that 'good binders are good nucleators'. The alternative perspectives become internally consistent when viewed through the lens of crystal-substrate binding and provide a physical basis for the compound-specific ability of organics to promote carbonate nucleation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dove, Patricia M AU - Hamm, Laura M AU - Giuffre, Anthony J AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 28 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - biomineralization KW - nucleation KW - free energy KW - calcium carbonate KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - calcite KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535203893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Measurements+of+calcite+nucleation+kinetics+and+binding+energies+reconcile+disparate+views+of+template-directed+nucleation&rft.au=Dove%2C+Patricia+M%3BHamm%2C+Laura+M%3BGiuffre%2C+Anthony+J%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dove&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper230915.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomineralization; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbonates; free energy; kinetics; nucleation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seeking magmatic, high-enthalpy geothermal sources in the extensional Great Basin, Western U.S., using integrative magnetotellurics (MT), isotope geochemistry and structural geology AN - 1535201232; 2014-041833 AB - Geothermal systems in the actively extending Great Basin province number in the hundreds, but the power potential of all but a handful lies seemingly only within a few 10's MWe. We wish to identify systems with larger enthalpy sources at an earlier stage in assessment, as well as find hidden systems of high potential. Well-sampled MT profiling in the Great Basin is revealing interrelations between resistivity, geochemistry, structural geology, and other geothermal observations. Numerous conductive, sub-horizontal zones in the deep crust appeared to indicate magmatic underplating and hydrothermal fluid exsolution, corroborated by seismic surveying where coincident. Average depth to these zones is inversely correlated with rate of extension, with the more active subregions of northwestern Nevada and western Utah being relatively shallow. These zones commonly have steep, dike-like conductors extending surfaceward, inferred to be large fault zones, several of which appear to feed into known high-temperature geothermal systems. One such system, the flagship Dixie Valley area of NW Nevada, also shows diagnostic magma-sourced gas isotopes, in particular (super 3) He. However, Dixie Valley until recently has been the only extensional system where adequate MT and isotope data coincide to corroborate magmatic input. Moreover, such systems generally form at 3D structural intersections that promote dilatency, which are not represented in 2D transect models. Thus, fully 3D MT surveys were carried out at Dixie Valley and also the newly recognized McGinness Hills system of central Nevada where transect MT also suggests deeper magmatic connection. At Dixie Valley, the 3D analog to the 2D crustal fault zone is a complex of NE and NNW striking planar conductors dipping steeply westward under the Stillwater Range. At McGinness Hills, the 3D structure has abrupt along-strike bounds and also is a complex of NW and NNE trends in a fault accommodation zone. Production well fluids show anomalous (super 3) He values, and CO (sub 2) flux anomalies exist near intersections between NNE and NW faults. This result greatly strengthens the case that the geothermal MT structures we are resolving are linked to magmatic processes. MT, isotopic sampling, and structural analysis have promise for revealing deep heat sources and their plumbing into geothermal systems. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wannamaker, Philip E AU - Faulds, James E AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Siler, Drew L AU - Maris, Virginie AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 652 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535201232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Seeking+magmatic%2C+high-enthalpy+geothermal+sources+in+the+extensional+Great+Basin%2C+Western+U.S.%2C+using+integrative+magnetotellurics+%28MT%29%2C+isotope+geochemistry+and+structural+geology&rft.au=Wannamaker%2C+Philip+E%3BFaulds%2C+James+E%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BSiler%2C+Drew+L%3BMaris%2C+Virginie%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wannamaker&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=652&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper228042.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic carbon inventory of the Tissint Meteorite AN - 1529799527; 2014-034357 AB - The fall of the Tissint meteorite has provided a unique opportunity to study a minimally contaminated piece of Mars. Martian organic carbon has been detected previously in igneous basalts and the carbonates of ALH 84001. Analysis of sealed maskelynite inclusions using in situ techniques including Raman, NanoSIMS, ToFSIMS, STXM and TEM, coupled with whole rock analysis by stepped combustion, GCMS and evolved gas analysis has revealed an inventory of organic compounds containing -CH, -CN, -CNO, -COOH, -CO and aromatic complexes. These are spatially resolved to known inorganic catalysts, i.e. magnetite, pyrite, nickel containing pyrrhotite and clays. Furthermore there is a release of nitrogen containing organics above 600 degrees C, at which temperature delta (super 15) N is approximately +40 ppm. These results show that Mars has an inventory of organic carbon and nitrogen containing molecules that are probably produced through abiological hydrothermal activity. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Steele, A AU - McCubbin, F AU - Benning, Liane G AU - Siljestroem, S AU - Cody, G AU - Goreva, Y AU - Hauri, Erik AU - Wang, J AU - Kilcoyne, A AU - Grady, M AU - Smith, C AU - Freissinet, C AU - Glavin, D AU - Burton, A AU - Fries, M AU - Blanco, J AU - Glamoclija, M AU - Rogers, K AU - Mikhail, S AU - Dworkin, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2255 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - stony meteorites KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - Martian meteorites KW - gas chromatograms KW - mass spectra KW - Mars KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - nitrogen KW - meteorites KW - whole rock KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - ALH 84001 KW - organic carbon KW - N-15/N-14 KW - in situ KW - isotope ratios KW - catalysts KW - achondrites KW - TEM data KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - Tissint Meteorite KW - Allan Hills Meteorites KW - Raman spectra KW - Antarctica KW - inventory KW - chromatograms KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529799527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Organic+carbon+inventory+of+the+Tissint+Meteorite&rft.au=Steele%2C+A%3BMcCubbin%2C+F%3BBenning%2C+Liane+G%3BSiljestroem%2C+S%3BCody%2C+G%3BGoreva%2C+Y%3BHauri%2C+Erik%3BWang%2C+J%3BKilcoyne%2C+A%3BGrady%2C+M%3BSmith%2C+C%3BFreissinet%2C+C%3BGlavin%2C+D%3BBurton%2C+A%3BFries%2C+M%3BBlanco%2C+J%3BGlamoclija%2C+M%3BRogers%2C+K%3BMikhail%2C+S%3BDworkin%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.19 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; ALH 84001; Allan Hills Meteorites; Antarctica; carbon; catalysts; chromatograms; gas chromatograms; in situ; inventory; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; Mars; Martian meteorites; mass spectra; meteorites; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; organic carbon; planets; Raman spectra; spectra; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; TEM data; temperature; terrestrial planets; Tissint Meteorite; whole rock DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidative corrosion of uraninite (UO (sub 2) ) surfaces AN - 1529797317; 2014-034398 AB - Uraninite (UO (sub 2) ) is the most abundant uranium ore mineral, the product of proposed bioremediation strategies for uranium-contaminated soils and aquifers and its synthetic analog is the primary constituent of most nuclear fuels. It incorporates interstitial oxygen up to a stoichiometry of UO (sub 2.25) without disruption of the uranium lattice, but the structural details of the process are the subject of ongoing study and debate. Because the solubility and dissolution kinetics of uraninite depend heavily on the oxidation state of uranium, understanding the mechanisms of UO (sub 2) surface oxidation and corrosion is essential to predicting its stability in the environment throughout the nuclear fuel cycle. To date, however, no study has addressed this process at the molecular scale at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. We present crystal truncation rod (CTR) x-ray diffraction studies of pristine and oxidized UO (sub 2) (111) and (100) surfaces. The clean (111) surface shows minimal contraction of the uppermost atomic layers and a layer of oxygen or hydroxyl group adatoms above the vacuum-terminated surface. Upon exposure to oxygen, an oxidation front proceeds into the crystal, intersitial oxygen atoms penetrate to depths of 30 Aa or more, surface-normal layer distances contract (consistent with bulk uraninite oxidation) and an ordered superlattice forms, commensurate with the underlying bulk. Similar oxygen surface penetration and layer contraction are observed upon oxidation of the (100) surface. These results demonstrate that the solid state diffusion of oxygen into UO (sub 2) and UO (sub 2+x) surfaces is facile and that ordering kinetics are relatively rapid, even at room temperature. Ab initio thermodynamics, which combines density-functional theory calculations with macroscopic thermodynamics, provides insight into the energetics, bonding and oxidation processes that occur as oxygen reacts with the surfaces and diffuses into the solid. Subsurface oxidation is predicted to contract surface-normal layers, consistent with experimental observations. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Stubbs, Joanne E AU - Eng, Peter J AU - Biwer, Craig A AU - Chaka, Anne M AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Bargar, John R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2275 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - processes KW - corrosion KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - lattice KW - oxidation KW - observations KW - uranium ores KW - ore minerals KW - metal ores KW - oxides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - uraninite KW - stoichiometry KW - P-T conditions KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529797317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Oxidative+corrosion+of+uraninite+%28UO+%28sub+2%29+%29+surfaces&rft.au=Stubbs%2C+Joanne+E%3BEng%2C+Peter+J%3BBiwer%2C+Craig+A%3BChaka%2C+Anne+M%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stubbs&rft.aufirst=Joanne&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.19 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - corrosion; experimental studies; lattice; metal ores; observations; ore minerals; oxidation; oxides; oxygen; P-T conditions; processes; stoichiometry; thermodynamic properties; uraninite; uranium ores DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of hafnium on glass structure and dissolution AN - 1529797063; 2014-034268 AB - Reactions that occur at the solid-water interface control the composition of the worlds fresh water, soil development and nutrient distribution, the cycling of elements in the Earth's Critical Zone, and to predict the impact from the disposal of vitrified nuclear waste. Recently, multi-scale or hybrid models, which capitalize on advancements in the understanding of solid-water interfacial reactions, have been used to better describe the macroscopic interactions occurring in the systems. However, knowledge gaps in the fundamental understanding of solid-water reactions impede the ability to accurately describe microscopic processes (e.g., sorption, surface layer formation, etc.) that represent the underlying phenomena controlling macroscopic reaction kinetics. An important step in improving our ability to accurately forecast radionuclide release from vitrified waste is to establish a link between the glass atomic-level structure and macroscopic dissolution behavior. This study extends the previous work by Pierce et al., by evaluating the effect the high-valence cation hafnium has on the structure and chemical durability of alkali aluminoborosilicate glass. Results from flow-through experiments show a approximately 100X decrease in the dissolution rate with increasing Hf content from 0 to 20 mol% HfO (sub 2) . The results also reveal a divergence in the magnitude between the average steady state rates measured in dilute and near-saturated conditions. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the divergence in glass dissolution behavior results from the formation of a low coordination Si sites when Si from the saturated solution adsorbs to Hf on the glass surface. The residence time of the low coordination Si site is longer at the glass surface and increases the density of anchor sites from which altered layers with higher Si densities can form than in the absence of Hf. These results illustrate the importance of understanding solid-water/solid-fluid interactions by linking macroscopic reaction kinetics to nanometer scale interfacial processes. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Pierce, E M AU - Kerisit, S N AU - Angeli, F AU - Charpentier, T AU - Icenhower, J P AU - Hopf, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1968 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - coordination KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - solution KW - simulation KW - silicon KW - radioactive waste KW - geochemical cycle KW - hafnium KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - kinetics KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529797063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Effect+of+hafnium+on+glass+structure+and+dissolution&rft.au=Pierce%2C+E+M%3BKerisit%2C+S+N%3BAngeli%2C+F%3BCharpentier%2C+T%3BIcenhower%2C+J+P%3BHopf%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1968&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.16 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; coordination; geochemical cycle; hafnium; kinetics; metals; Monte Carlo analysis; radioactive waste; silicon; simulation; solution; statistical analysis; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High resolution reactive transport; a coupled parallel hydrogeochemical model AN - 1529795924; 2014-034656 AB - Subsurface hydrogeochemical systems are an especially complex component of the terrestrial environment and play host to a multitude of interactions. Parameterizations of these interactions are perhaps the least understood component of terrestrial systems, presenting uncertainties in the predictive understanding of biogeochemical cycling and transport. Thorough knowledge of biogeochemical transport processes is critical to the quantification of carbon/nutrient fluxes in the subsurface, and to the development of effective contaminant remediation techniques. Here we present a coupled parallel hydrogeochemical model, ParCrunchFlow, as a tool to further our understanding of the governing processes and interactions in natural hydrogeochemical systems. ParCrunchFlow is a coupling of the reactive transport simulator CrunchFlow with the hydrologic model ParFlow. CrunchFlow is a multicomponent reactive flow and transport code that can be used to simulate a range of important processes and environments, including reactive contaminant transport, chemical weathering, carbon sequestration, biogeochemical cycling, and water-rock interaction. ParFlow is a parallel, three-dimensional, variably-saturated, coupled surface-subsurface flow and transport code with the ability to simulate complex topography, geology, and heterogeneity. ParCrunchflow takes advantage of the efficient parallelism built into Parflow, allowing the numerical simulation of reactive transport processes in chemically and physically heterogeneous media at high spatial resolutions. This model provides an ability to further examine the interactions and feedbacks between biogeochemical systems and complex subsurface flow fields. In addition to the details of model construction, results will be presented that show floodplain nutrient cycling and the effects of heterogeneity on small-scale mixing reactions at the Department of Energy's Old Rifle Legacy site. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Beisman, James J AU - Maxwell, Reed M AU - Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Rafa, Sergi M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 575 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - nutrients KW - chemical weathering KW - carbon sequestration KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - mixing KW - reactive transport KW - weathering KW - remediation KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529795924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=High+resolution+reactive+transport%3B+a+coupled+parallel+hydrogeochemical+model&rft.au=Beisman%2C+James+J%3BMaxwell%2C+Reed+M%3BNavarre-Sitchler%2C+Alexis+K%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BRafa%2C+Sergi+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beisman&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper233957.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon sequestration; chemical weathering; mixing; nutrients; reactive transport; remediation; transport; water-rock interaction; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding electron transfer at Fe-bearing mineral surfaces to optimize contaminant remediation AN - 1529794944; 2014-034214 AB - In order to use natural or engineered materials for contaminant sequestration, it is necessary to fully characterize the material in terms of its structure and reactivity. Even within a nanoparticle, elemental distribution can vary from the interior to the surface, thus surface sensitive techniques must be employed to probe mechanisms of interaction between the mineral phase and chemical/biological components present in the subsurface environment. Here, we present the use of model materials, as well as field samples, in combination with high-resolution spectroscopic and microscopic capabilities, to interrogate interfacial reactivity of Fe-bearing minerals with redox-active contaminants and electron-transfer proteins. A novel and well-characterized set of Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) titanomagnetite nanoparticles was selected as the model mineral system. Replacement of Fe(III) by Ti(IV) in the lattice yield a naturally "tunable" solid-state Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio, which in principle controls the thermodynamic reduction potential of the mineral phase. Also, the high specific surface area of the nanoparticles greatly improves experimental sensitivity to contaminant/protein interaction and accompanying changes to the solid surface. Nanoparticle properties such as size, morphology, crystallinity, element and valance distribution are characterized by STEM-EELS and micro-XRD. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is used to distinguish between Fe oxidation states and crystallographic sites at the reactive surface with a probing depth of approximately 4.5 nm ( approximately 5 unit cells). The mechanism and rate of heterogeneous electron transfer from Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) nanoparticles, microparticles, and natural materials, isolated from Hanford nuclear reservation sediments, to Tc(VII) is investigated. Electron transfer at microbe-nanomaterial interfaces is characterized by examining the oxidation of Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) nanoparticles by the bacterial electron transfer enzyme MtoA, a decaheme c-type cytochrome. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Pearce, C I AU - Liu, J AU - Kabius, B C AU - Arenholz, A AU - Rosso, K M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1941 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - lattice KW - electron transfer KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ferrous iron KW - models KW - ferric iron KW - organic compounds KW - titanium KW - metals KW - crystal chemistry KW - proteins KW - nanoparticles KW - Eh KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529794944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Understanding+electron+transfer+at+Fe-bearing+mineral+surfaces+to+optimize+contaminant+remediation&rft.au=Pearce%2C+C+I%3BLiu%2C+J%3BKabius%2C+B+C%3BArenholz%2C+A%3BRosso%2C+K+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pearce&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1941&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.16 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal chemistry; Eh; electron transfer; ferric iron; ferrous iron; iron; lattice; metals; models; nanoparticles; optimization; organic compounds; pollution; proteins; remediation; titanium; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport modeling to assess geological CO (sub 2) storage via mineral carbonation in peridotite AN - 1529793179; 2014-034203 AB - In situ mineral carbonation is a mechanism for safely and permanently storing CO (sub 2) by converting it to carbonate minerals in geologic formations. Reactive silicate formations with high concentrations of divalent cations (e.g., Mg (super 2+) , Ca (super 2+) , or Fe (super 2+) ) have an enormous capacity to sequester CO (sub 2) : the mantle peridotite in the Samail Ophiolite, Oman alone could sequester 30X10 (super 12) tons of CO (sub 2) [1]. However, the accessible capacity may be much lower, as CO (sub 2) -water-rock interaction is limited by porosity, permeability, and reactive surface area, which are relatively low in fractured-rock aquifers such as in peridotite. Sustained mineral carbonation will also depend on how these hydrogeological factors evolve with reaction progress- carbonating peridotite involves a volume increase of over 40%, so secondary mineralization could clog the existing porosity and permeability, and could armor unreacted peridotite from further carbonation. Alternatively, stresses from volume increase could cause fracturing, creating new permeability, porosity, and reactive surface area. This reactive cracking would allow the carbonation front to continue propagating into the formation. Completely carbonated peridotites in Oman are proof that the carbonation reaction can proceed to completion, given the right conditions [1]. Here we present a reactive transport model of in situ mineral carbonation in peridotite to help determine ideal carbonation conditions and how they can be met within the confines of an engineered geological CO (sub 2) storage project. The model is constrained by geochemical and hydrogeological data for peridotite aquifers in the Samail Ophiolite collected over five field seasons. It includes reaction kinetics, non-isothermal multiphase flow, and CO (sub 2) injection scenarios to evaluate how to optimize carbonation by adjusting different parameters (formation temperature, fluid pCO (sub 2) , injection rate and temperature, etc.), and estimate what extent of carbonation is realistic for a CO (sub 2) storage project employing in situ mineral carbonation in peridotite. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Paukert, Amelia AU - Matter, Juerg AU - Kelemen, Peter AU - Sonnenthal, Eric AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1935 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - Cretaceous KW - igneous rocks KW - carbonation KW - Semail Ophiolite KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - plutonic rocks KW - transport KW - reactive transport KW - Asia KW - kinetics KW - alkaline earth metals KW - carbon sequestration KW - in situ KW - Oman KW - optimization KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - ultramafics KW - ferrous iron KW - models KW - Arabian Peninsula KW - metals KW - peridotites KW - cations KW - permeability KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529793179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+modeling+to+assess+geological+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+via+mineral+carbonation+in+peridotite&rft.au=Paukert%2C+Amelia%3BMatter%2C+Juerg%3BKelemen%2C+Peter%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Paukert&rft.aufirst=Amelia&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1935&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.16 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; Arabian Peninsula; Asia; calcium; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonation; cations; Cretaceous; ferrous iron; igneous rocks; in situ; iron; kinetics; magnesium; Mesozoic; metals; models; Oman; optimization; peridotites; permeability; plutonic rocks; porosity; reactive transport; Semail Ophiolite; transport; ultramafics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unraveling the CaCO (sub 3) /PSS mesocrystal formation mechanism by in situ TEM and in situ AFM AN - 1529792438; 2014-036107 AB - The interplay between mineral and organic species is central to the control of microbial systems over biomineral formation. Deciphering the underlying mechanisms requires in vitro studies in which the physical and chemical parameters can be well controlled. Using negatively charged polyelectrolyte polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) as aproxy for a bio-organic mediator, we investigate particle-mediated crystallization of CaCO (sub 3) , one of the most abundant materials for biomineralization. To induce growth, we use a calcium source in combination with the ammonium carbonate diffusion method. Utilizing similar conditions, Wang et al. showed that this approach yielded a family of well-defined calcite-PSS mesocrystals - i.e. 3D regular but porous scaffolds composed of easily distinguished and almost perfectly aligned nanocrystals [1]. Although mesocrystal formation was suggested to proceed via assembly of an amorphous precursor, direct proof of this mechanism is lacking. Here we use in situ TEM and in situ AFM to follow the formation process. For in situ TEM a custom designed fluid cell was utilized, containing two Si/Si (sub 3) N (sub 4) wafers with electron transparent Si (sub 3) N (sub 4) membranes. We find that the observed mesocrystal morphology can be obtained merely through CaCO (sub 3) overgrowth in PSS solution on a single crystal seed, and in situ AFM demonstrates that the development of this morphology is due to polymer poisoning of atomic steps during classical layer-by-layer calcite growth. However, both in situ TEM and AFM reveal a complex pathway during the initial stages of formation. Ca- PSS particles first adsorb onto the substrate. After about 2h of reaction with ammonium carbonate in the TEM fluid cell, these then appear to transform into larger amorphous aggregates. We are now attempting to detail the structural evolution of these initial particles and draw inferences about their formation mechanism and role in crystallization. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Smeets, P J M AU - Cho, K R AU - Li, D AU - Nielsen, M H AU - Sommerdijk, N A J M AU - De Yoreo, J J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2223 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - biomineralization KW - diffusion KW - in situ KW - solutions KW - overgrowths KW - mechanism KW - TEM data KW - calcite KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - crystallization KW - calcium carbonate KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529792438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Unraveling+the+CaCO+%28sub+3%29+%2FPSS+mesocrystal+formation+mechanism+by+in+situ+TEM+and+in+situ+AFM&rft.au=Smeets%2C+P+J+M%3BCho%2C+K+R%3BLi%2C+D%3BNielsen%2C+M+H%3BSommerdijk%2C+N+A+J+M%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+J+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Smeets&rft.aufirst=P+J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.19 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; biomineralization; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbonates; crystallization; diffusion; in situ; mechanism; overgrowths; solutions; TEM data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ni sorption at the particle edges of synthetic and biogenic birnessite AN - 1529792154; 2014-036089 AB - Biogenically produced manganese oxides play an important role in trace metal scavenging in the environment. The metal sorption capacity of the Mn oxides arises mainly from the presence of negatively charged Mn(IV) vacancy sites in the MnO (sub 2) sheets. For example, recent extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) studies showed that Ni binds to vacancy sites in biogenic Mn oxides via two preferential coordination geometries: as a triple-corner-sharing complex (Ni-TCS) at circumneutral pH and a mixture of Ni-TCS and Ni incorporated into the MnO (sub 2) sheet at higher pH. However, under-coordinated oxygen atoms at particle edges offer additional sites for metal coordination. Metal sorption by particle edges has been reported for chemically synthesized birnessites, but is poorly understood for biogenic minerals where the admixing of organic and mineral functional groups in these microbe-mineral assemblages may modify the reactivity at the particle edges. In this work, we used delta -MnO (sub 2) as a synthetic analog of biogenic birnessite to study the reactivity of the birnessite edge since it has fewer vacancies and contains no biomass. We studied adsorption of Ni at the surface of delta -MnO (sub 2) as a function of pH and surface loadings using a combination of wet chemistry methods and Ni K-edge EXAFS spectroscopy and compared these data to Ni adsorption at the surface of the biogenic birnessite produced by Pseudomonas putida strain GB-1. At pH 8 the surface speciation and reactivity of delta -MnO (sub 2) was similar to biogenic birnessite, while at lower pH values we detected an additional surface species that likely formed at the particle edges of delta -MnO (sub 2) . The absence of this species in biogenic birnessite suggests that the bacterial cells and extracellular substances decrease the reactivity of the the particle edges of biogenic MnO (sub 2) . JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Simanova, Anna A AU - Bone, Sharon E AU - Bargar, John R AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Pena, Jasquelin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2214 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - sorption KW - coordination KW - natural materials KW - adsorption KW - geometry KW - reactivity KW - birnessite KW - mixing KW - metals KW - nickel KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - mineral assemblages KW - crystal chemistry KW - synthetic materials KW - pH KW - particles KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529792154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Ni+sorption+at+the+particle+edges+of+synthetic+and+biogenic+birnessite&rft.au=Simanova%2C+Anna+A%3BBone%2C+Sharon+E%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BPena%2C+Jasquelin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Simanova&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2214&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.19 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; birnessite; coordination; crystal chemistry; EXAFS data; geometry; metals; mineral assemblages; mixing; natural materials; nickel; oxides; particles; pH; reactivity; sorption; synthetic materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of cobalt and nickel by biogenic birnessite AN - 1529791846; 2014-034224 AB - Birnessite minerals (layer-type MnO (sub 2) ) produced by bacteria and fungi participate in important biogeochemical processes, particularly trace metal scavenging. Biogenic birnessite, which is enmeshed in a matrix of bacterial cells and extracellular polymeric substances (biomass), has nanoparticulate dimensions and significant structural disorder created by Mn(IV) vacancies. Trace metals tend to adsorb at vacancy sites or become incorporated into the MnO (sub 2) sheet. Thus, the additional sorption sites presented to the solution by the biomass and the mineral particle edges may have a lower affinity for metals than the vacancy sites. In this study we use extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy to investigate the mechanisms of Co and Ni sorption in slurries containing Co, Ni and Co + Ni at pH 6 to determine whether metal ions partition to non-vacancy binding sites in the presence of a competing metal. We expect that Co binds strongly to vacancy sites, out-competing Ni, and thus forcing Ni to bind to particle edges or biomass. In Co-only and Co + Ni samples, we observed similar sorption mechanisms: significant incorporation of Co into the MnO (sub 2) sheet as Co(III) and adsorption at vacancy sites as Co(II). In addition, the fraction of adsorbed Co(II) increased with surface loading. Time-resolved Co K-edge EXAFS spectra acquired from a biomass-free MnO (sub 2) suspension (delta -MnO (sub 2) ) suggest that adsorbed Co(II) precedes Co(III) incorporation. In contrast to Co sorption, Ni sorption in the Co+Ni samples differed significantly from the Ni-only samples [1]. In the presence of Co, Ni sorption at vacancy sites was markedly reduced, with Ni partitioning to the biomass and birnessite particle edges. Our results indicate that Co uptake into biogenic MnO (sub 2) effectively reduces the proportion of vacancy sites available for Ni sorption, whereas Co uptake is not impacted by Ni sorption. This research is relevant to polluted environments where the attenuation and bioavailability of competing metals may be determined by their affinity to the available sorption sites. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Pena, Jasquelin AU - Simanova, Anna A AU - Bargar, John R AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1946 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - processes KW - cobalt KW - biochemistry KW - matrix KW - adsorption KW - fungi KW - birnessite KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - nickel KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529791846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+cobalt+and+nickel+by+biogenic+birnessite&rft.au=Pena%2C+Jasquelin%3BSimanova%2C+Anna+A%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pena&rft.aufirst=Jasquelin&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1946&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.16 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; bacteria; biochemistry; birnessite; cobalt; EXAFS data; fungi; matrix; metals; nickel; oxides; pH; processes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reaction mechanisms, pathways, and transport in anaerobic abiotic and microbial U(IV)-oxide dissolution studies AN - 1529791844; 2014-034072 AB - Applications of combined thermodynamic-kinetic descriptions to mineral-water interface processes that include chemical reactivity, microbial metabolism, and physical transport are challenged by the need to bridge differences in spatial and temporal scales for multiple, competing reactions. Even in simplified systems, formulation of reactive-transport model descriptions requires parameterization that must aggregate the details of molecular-scale reactions and microbial catalysis to some extent. Investigations of the oxidative dissolution of biogenic U(IV)-oxide (nominally UO (sub 2) (s)) under anaerobic conditions by either chemical oxidants (nitrate or nitrite) or by Thiobacillus denitrificans, a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium that catalyzes anaerobic, nitrate-dependent U(IV) and Fe(II) oxidation, are used to examine coupled and competing oxidation-reduction processes in flow-through column experiments. Abiotic oxidation of UO (sub 2) (s) in the presence of nitrate under anaerobic conditions is slow but faster than control experiments of non-oxidative dissolution. Abiotic UO (sub 2) (s) oxidation by nitrite is significantly faster by several orders of magnitude. In the presence of T. dentrificans and dissolved nitrate, higher rates of dissolved U release were observed compared with abiotic controls, suggesting that T. dentrificans catalyzed the oxidative dissolution of UO (sub 2) (s) in addition to the abiotic oxidation pathways. X-ray spectroscopic characterization of reaction products indicates solid-associated oxidized U(VI) that is retained in the column. Analysis of local atomic structures shows formation of U-oxo molecular moieties within or on particle surfaces that are similar but not identical to aqueous or sorbed uranyl species, suggesting mostly surface particle oxidation rather than detachment and re-adsorption of uranyl in the column. Reactive transport modeling incorporating thermodynamic solubility, irreversible overall abiotic and biotic kinetic reactions, and uranyl sorption can simulate effluent U concentrations for a small amount of UO (sub 2) (s) oxidation relative to total mass, but calculations are sensitive to particle surface area. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - O'Day, Peggy A AU - Asta, Maria P AU - Kanematsu, Masakazu AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Beller, Harry R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1869 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - sorption KW - Thiobacillus denitrificans KW - metabolism KW - uranyl ion KW - solution KW - X-ray spectra KW - models KW - reactivity KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - nitrate ion KW - kinetics KW - actinides KW - nitrite ion KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529791844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Reaction+mechanisms%2C+pathways%2C+and+transport+in+anaerobic+abiotic+and+microbial+U%28IV%29-oxide+dissolution+studies&rft.au=O%27Day%2C+Peggy+A%3BAsta%2C+Maria+P%3BKanematsu%2C+Masakazu%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BBeller%2C+Harry+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=O%27Day&rft.aufirst=Peggy&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1869&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.15 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; anaerobic environment; bacteria; chemical reactions; kinetics; metabolism; metals; models; nitrate ion; nitrite ion; oxides; reactivity; solution; sorption; spectra; thermodynamic properties; Thiobacillus denitrificans; transport; uranium; uranyl ion; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.15 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - (super 14) C-based emission estimates for halocarbons and other greenhouse gases across the U.S. AN - 1524637492; 694745-4 JF - Earth System Research Laboratory (U.S.); 41st Global monitoring conference AU - Montzka, S AU - Miller, J AU - Lehman, S AU - Andrews, A E AU - Sweeney, C AU - Miller, B AU - Chen, H AU - Hu, L AU - Wolak, C AU - Dlugokencky, E AU - Southon, J AU - Turnbull, J C AU - LaFranchi, B AU - Guilderson, T AU - Fischer, M AU - Tans, P AU - Elkins, J AU - Hall, B D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 34 PB - NOAA, Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO KW - radioactive isotopes KW - isotopes KW - carbon KW - greenhouse gases KW - C-14 KW - emissivity KW - carbon dioxide KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524637492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef+In+Process&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Montzka%2C+S%3BMiller%2C+J%3BLehman%2C+S%3BAndrews%2C+A+E%3BSweeney%2C+C%3BMiller%2C+B%3BChen%2C+H%3BHu%2C+L%3BWolak%2C+C%3BDlugokencky%2C+E%3BSouthon%2C+J%3BTurnbull%2C+J+C%3BLaFranchi%2C+B%3BGuilderson%2C+T%3BFischer%2C+M%3BTans%2C+P%3BElkins%2C+J%3BHall%2C+B+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Montzka&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=%28super+14%29+C-based+emission+estimates+for+halocarbons+and+other+greenhouse+gases+across+the+U.S.&rft.title=%28super+14%29+C-based+emission+estimates+for+halocarbons+and+other+greenhouse+gases+across+the+U.S.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Earth System Research Laboratory (U.S.); 41st Global monitoring conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science), Lower Hutt, New Zealand N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Assessment of modeling approaches for analysis of coupled THMC processes in the EDZ of geological nuclear waste repositories AN - 1524623586; 692878-73 AB - This paper presents results of an international, multiple-code benchmark test (BMT) simulation study on coupled thermal, hydrological, mechanical and chemical (THMC) processes in the excavation disturbed zone (EDZ) around a hypothetical nuclear waste repository in fractured rocks. The paper presents a concise overview and discussion on different model approaches, which were adapted to simulate coupled THMC processes in the EDZ around an emplacement tunnel. We present simulation results of time-evolution of stress, rock failure and permeability during 100,000 years after emplacement, including an assessment of time-dependent strength degradation. We concluded that although several promising attempts were made to model coupled THMC processes, including chemically mediated time-dependent processes, fully coupled THMC models are still lacking and more experimental data to support such models would be needed. Abstract Copyright ISTE Ltd 2008. JF - Thermo-hydromechanical and chemical coupling in geomaterials and applications AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Baeckstroem, A AU - Chijimatsu, M AU - Feng, X-T AU - Pan, P-Z AU - Hudson, J AU - Jing, L AU - Kobayashi, A AU - Koyama, T AU - Lee, H-S AU - Huang, X-H AU - Rinne, M AU - Shen, B AU - Sonnenthal, E Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ SN - 9781118623565; 9781848210431 KW - fractured materials KW - high-level waste KW - hydraulics KW - underground space KW - physicochemical properties KW - stress KW - excavations KW - porosity KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - boundary element analysis KW - finite element analysis KW - near-field KW - thermomechanical properties KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524623586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef+In+Process&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+J%3BBaeckstroem%2C+A%3BChijimatsu%2C+M%3BFeng%2C+X-T%3BPan%2C+P-Z%3BHudson%2C+J%3BJing%2C+L%3BKobayashi%2C+A%3BKoyama%2C+T%3BLee%2C+H-S%3BHuang%2C+X-H%3BRinne%2C+M%3BShen%2C+B%3BSonnenthal%2C+E&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9781118623565&rft.btitle=Assessment+of+modeling+approaches+for+analysis+of+coupled+THMC+processes+in+the+EDZ+of+geological+nuclear+waste+repositories&rft.title=Assessment+of+modeling+approaches+for+analysis+of+coupled+THMC+processes+in+the+EDZ+of+geological+nuclear+waste+repositories&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F9781118623565.ch72 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - NJ N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118623565.ch72 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Comparative simulation study on thm-induced changes in hydrological properties of fractured rock near nuclear waste repositories AN - 1524620336; 692878-71 AB - This paper presents results from an international multiple-team simulation study on thermally induced changes in hydraulic rock mass properties around underground nuclear waste emplacement drifts. The study considered repository settings with backfilled emplacement drifts in deep saturated rocks as well as open emplacement drifts in shallower unsaturated rocks. The simulation results showed that the dominant mechanism of changes in hydraulic properties were closure (reduced aperture) of vertical fractures as a results of increased horizontal stress, whereas the potential for shear induced permeability changes were small. For such mechanism, the prediction of maximum permeability changes could be effectively bounded by the values of the residual aperture and permeability at high compressive stress. For such a bounding prediction of permeability changes, we found that the impact on the flow field was relatively small with most changes occurring in the vicinity of the emplacement drifts. We conclude that the most challenging and uncertain part of this type of analysis is to estimate the potential for and significance of shear induced changes in fractured rock permeability, which critically depends on the initial stress field and fracture characteristics at respective repository setting. Abstract Copyright ISTE Ltd 2008. JF - Thermo-hydromechanical and chemical coupling in geomaterials and applications AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Barr, D AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Fujisaki, K AU - Kolditz, O AU - Liu, Quan-Sheng AU - Fujita, T AU - Wang, Wenqing AU - Zhang, Cheng-Yuan Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ SN - 9781118623565; 9781848210431 KW - rock masses KW - high-level waste KW - hydraulics KW - underground space KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - fractures KW - thermomechanical properties KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524620336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef+In+Process&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+J%3BBarr%2C+D%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BFujisaki%2C+K%3BKolditz%2C+O%3BLiu%2C+Quan-Sheng%3BFujita%2C+T%3BWang%2C+Wenqing%3BZhang%2C+Cheng-Yuan&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9781118623565&rft.btitle=Comparative+simulation+study+on+thm-induced+changes+in+hydrological+properties+of+fractured+rock+near+nuclear+waste+repositories&rft.title=Comparative+simulation+study+on+thm-induced+changes+in+hydrological+properties+of+fractured+rock+near+nuclear+waste+repositories&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F9781118623565.ch70 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - NJ N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118623565.ch70 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Numerical study of the influence of fractures on the edz around a nuclear waste emplacement drift AN - 1524620120; 692878-37 AB - This paper present results of coupled thermal, hydrological and mechanical modeling of stress and permeability changes in the excavation disturbed zone (EDZ) around a nuclear waste emplacement drift in fractured rocks. The simulation was conducted for a model domain containing a realistic fracture network derived by detailed fracture mapping at the Aespoe Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden. We represent fractures discretely, but using continuum elements that simulate softening and weakening effects of fractures intersecting a continuum element by a reduction in modulus and strength. Our analysis shows a strong impact of fractures on the distribution of rock stress and deformation, which in turn affects the evolution of failure and permeability around the drift. We also find that the presence of fractures may induce stress concentration in nearby matrix rocks that could cause enhanced failure and permeability changes in the matrix. Abstract Copyright ISTE Ltd 2008. JF - Thermo-hydromechanical and chemical coupling in geomaterials and applications AU - Feng, X-T AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Pan, P-Z Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ SN - 9781118623565; 9781848210431 KW - hydraulics KW - numerical models KW - physicochemical properties KW - thermal properties KW - stress KW - mechanical properties KW - simulation KW - excavations KW - boundary conditions KW - radioactive waste KW - fractures KW - finite element analysis KW - thermomechanical properties KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - anisotropy KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524620120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef+In+Process&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Feng%2C+X-T%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BPan%2C+P-Z&rft.aulast=Feng&rft.aufirst=X-T&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9781118623565&rft.btitle=Numerical+study+of+the+influence+of+fractures+on+the+edz+around+a+nuclear+waste+emplacement+drift&rft.title=Numerical+study+of+the+influence+of+fractures+on+the+edz+around+a+nuclear+waste+emplacement+drift&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F9781118623565.ch36 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - NJ N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118623565.ch36 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in (super 238) U/ (super 235) U associated with reductive immobilization of uranium in groundwater AN - 1524611623; 2014-031365 AB - The prevalence of groundwater contamination associated with uranium (U) mining and milling activities has driven the need for the development of effective and economically feasible remediation strategies. U is mobile in its oxidized state, U(VI), but immobile and much less toxic in its reduced state, U(IV). Thus, U(VI) reduction to U(IV) is proposed as a remediation strategy for U contaminated groundwaters. The former U mill site in Rifle, Colorado (USA) hosts experiments that investigate the rates and mechanisms of targeted U immobilization techniques. Our research focuses on the development of (super 238) U/ (super 235) U (discussed as delta (super 238) U) as a tool for evaluating immobilization in the subsurface. U concentrations and (super 238) U/ (super 235) U values have been monitored over the course of three field experiments at the Rifle, CO field site in 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13. These experiments examined changes in U concentrations and (super 238) U/ (super 235) U values associated with biostimulation, desorption and re-oxidation. Large variations accompany acetate-induced biostimulation under both iron reducing and sulfate reducing conditions. In both cases, (super 238) U is preferentialy reduced to U(IV), leaving the remaining groundwater U(VI) relatively isotopically light (D (super 238) U = -1.3 and -1.9ppm, respectively). Changes in (super 238) U/ (super 235) U accompany changes in the U concentration (dropping from approximately 150-200 ppb U prior to the acetate injection to approximately 10 ppb U). During the post-injection phase, as concentrations rebounded, absence of (super 238) U/ (super 235) U greater than pre-injection values implies the primary source of U is advection of U(VI), rather than re-oxidation of U(IV). Bicarbonate-induced desorption, which led to a doubling in the U concentration, has been demonstrated to result in no significant U isotopic fractionation [1]. Our research demonstrates the potential for (super 238) U/ (super 235) U to detect U reductive immobilization in the subsurface and to distinguish between removal by this process and relatively temporary processes such as sorption. U isotopes join the growing number of heavy stable isotopes with demonstrated potential for use in environmental monitoring. [1] Shiel et al. (2013) Environ. Sci. Technol. 47, 2535-2541. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Shiel, Alyssa E AU - Lundstrom, Craig C AU - Johnson, Thomas M AU - Laubach, Parker AU - Long, Philip E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2197 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - isotope fractionation KW - desorption KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-235 KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524611623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Changes+in+%28super+238%29+U%2F+%28super+235%29+U+associated+with+reductive+immobilization+of+uranium+in+groundwater&rft.au=Shiel%2C+Alyssa+E%3BLundstrom%2C+Craig+C%3BJohnson%2C+Thomas+M%3BLaubach%2C+Parker%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shiel&rft.aufirst=Alyssa&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.19 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; desorption; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; remediation; U-238/U-235; uranium; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies of nuclear waste form glasses with synchrotron radiation AN - 1524610642; 2014-031384 AB - The speciation of several radionuclide and surrogate metal ions in specific formulations of nuclear waste form glasses has been investigated by synchrotron radiation methods. The primary technique to determine the oxidation state and structural information, and chemical behavior in many of these studies has been hard x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) [1]. There has been considerable effort utilizing XAFS to understand the conditions under which surrogates, in large part Re for Tc but also including specific metal ions such as Ce and Hf for Pu, are suitable chemical and structural analogs for the actual radionuclides of interest. Similar approaches have been utilized to validate the reliability of surrogates in glass waste form characteristics under processing and alteration conditions [2]. Recently, studies of glass waste form materials have been initiated using new soft synchrotron radiation tools that include the scanning transmission x-ray microscope (STXM) and ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APPES) endstations at the Molecular Environmental Sciences Beamline of the Advanced Light Source at LBNL [3]. Spectromicroscopy studies have been conducted using soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy of light atom constituents and metal ions in glasses with STXM. investigating the early stages of the interaction of water with glass surfaces with PES under more realistic conditions of approximately 10 Torr. New opportunities to address critical issues in nuclear waste form glass science with emerging synchrotron radiation methods will be presented and discussed. [1] Booth et al. (1999) J. Mater. Res. 14, 2628-2639. [2] McKeown, et al. (2012) J. Nucl. Mater. 429, 159-165. [3] Bluhm et al. (2006) J. Electron Spectros. Rel. Phenom. 150, 86-104. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Shuh, D K AU - Lukens, W W AU - Icenhower, J P AU - Darab, J G AU - Tyliszczak, T AU - Bluhm, H AU - McKeown, D A AU - Buechele, A C AU - Muller, I S AU - Pegg, I L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2206 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - synchrotron radiation KW - oxidation KW - XAFS spectra KW - spectra KW - waste disposal KW - X-ray spectra KW - radioactive waste KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524610642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Studies+of+nuclear+waste+form+glasses+with+synchrotron+radiation&rft.au=Shuh%2C+D+K%3BLukens%2C+W+W%3BIcenhower%2C+J+P%3BDarab%2C+J+G%3BTyliszczak%2C+T%3BBluhm%2C+H%3BMcKeown%2C+D+A%3BBuechele%2C+A+C%3BMuller%2C+I+S%3BPegg%2C+I+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shuh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2206&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.19 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical fractionation; oxidation; radioactive waste; spectra; synchrotron radiation; waste disposal; X-ray spectra; XAFS spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new data set for estimating organic carbon storage to 3 m depth in soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region AN - 1524609889; 2014-031390 AB - High-latitude terrestrial ecosystems are key components in the global carbon cycle. The Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database (NCSCD) was developed to quantify stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the northern circumpolar permafrost region (a total area of 18.7 X 10 (super 6) km (super 2) ). The NCSCD is a geographical information system (GIS) data set that has been constructed using harmonized regional soil classification maps together with pedon data from the northern permafrost region. Previously, the NCSCD has been used to calculate SOC storage to the reference depths 0-30 cm and 0-100 cm (based on 1778 pedons). It has been shown that soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region also contain significant quantities of SOC in the 100-300 cm depth range, but there has been no circumpolar compilation of pedon data to quantify this deeper SOC pool and there are no spatially distributed estimates of SOC storage below 100 cm depth in this region. Here we describe the synthesis of an updated pedon data set for SOC storage (kg C m (super -2) ) in deep soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost regions, with separate data sets for the 100-200 cm (524 pedons) and 200-300 cm (356 pedons) depth ranges. These pedons have been grouped into the North American and Eurasian sectors and the mean SOC storage for different soil taxa (subdivided into Gelisols including the sub-orders Histels, Turbels, Orthels, permafrost-free Histosols, and permafrost-free mineral soil orders) has been added to the updated NCSCDv2. The updated version of the data set is freely available online in different file formats and spatial resolutions that enable spatially explicit applications in GIS mapping and terrestrial ecosystem models. While this newly compiled data set adds to our knowledge of SOC in the 100-300 cm depth range, it also reveals that large uncertainties remain. Identified data gaps include spatial coverage of deep (> 100 cm) pedons in many regions as well as the spatial extent of areas with thin soils overlying bedrock and the quantity and distribution of massive ground ice. An open access data-portal for the pedon data set and the GIS-data sets is available online at http://bolin.su.se/data/ncscd/. The NCSCDv2 data set has a digital object identifier (doi:10.5879/ECDS/00000002). JF - Earth System Science Data (ESSD) AU - Hugelius, G AU - Bockheim, J G AU - Camill, P AU - Elberling, B AU - Grosse, G AU - Harden, J W AU - Johnson, K AU - Jorgenson, T AU - Koven, C D AU - Kuhry, P AU - Michaelson, G AU - Mishra, U AU - Palmtag, J AU - Ping, C L AU - O'Donnell, J AU - Schirrmeister, L AU - Schuur, E A G AU - Sheng, Y AU - Smith, L C AU - Strauss, J AU - Yu, Z Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 393 EP - 402 PB - Copernicus Publications, Gottingen VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1866-3508, 1866-3508 KW - soils KW - extrapolation KW - permafrost KW - Arctic region KW - data processing KW - ecosystems KW - pedons KW - geochemical cycle KW - spatial distribution KW - geographic information systems KW - pedotransfer functions KW - ice KW - carbon KW - soil surveys KW - data bases KW - surveys KW - information systems KW - ground ice KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524609889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+System+Science+Data+%28ESSD%29&rft.atitle=A+new+data+set+for+estimating+organic+carbon+storage+to+3+m+depth+in+soils+of+the+northern+circumpolar+permafrost+region&rft.au=Hugelius%2C+G%3BBockheim%2C+J+G%3BCamill%2C+P%3BElberling%2C+B%3BGrosse%2C+G%3BHarden%2C+J+W%3BJohnson%2C+K%3BJorgenson%2C+T%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BKuhry%2C+P%3BMichaelson%2C+G%3BMishra%2C+U%3BPalmtag%2C+J%3BPing%2C+C+L%3BO%27Donnell%2C+J%3BSchirrmeister%2C+L%3BSchuur%2C+E+A+G%3BSheng%2C+Y%3BSmith%2C+L+C%3BStrauss%2C+J%3BYu%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Hugelius&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+System+Science+Data+%28ESSD%29&rft.issn=18663508&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fessd-5-393-2013 L2 - http://www.earth-syst-sci-data.net/volumes_and_issues.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic region; carbon; carbon cycle; data bases; data processing; ecosystems; extrapolation; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; geographic information systems; ground ice; ice; information systems; organic carbon; pedons; pedotransfer functions; permafrost; soil surveys; soils; spatial distribution; surveys DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-393-2013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cd mobility in anoxic Fe-mineral-rich environments; potential use of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria for soil remediation AN - 1507181260; 2014-017868 AB - Agricultural soils worldwide are increasingly burdened with heavy metals such as Cd from industrial sources and impure fertilizers. Metal contaminants potentially enter the food chain via plant uptake from soil and may affect human and environmental health negatively. New remediation approaches are needed to diminish soil metal contents, but in order to apply them it is necessary to understand how soil microbes and minerals interact with these toxic metals. Here, we show that microbial Fe(III) reduction leads to Cd immobilization in Cd-bearing anoxic soils. To understand how microbial Fe(III) reduction influences Cd mobility, we isolated a new Cd-tolerant, Fe(III)-reducing Geobacter sp. strain Cd1 from a heavily Cd-contaminated soil in Germany. In lab experiments, this Geobacter strain first mobilized Cd from Cd-loaded Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxides followed by precipitation of Cd-bearing mineral phases. Using Mossbauer spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy, the original and newly formed Cd-containing Fe(II) and Fe(III) mineral phases, including Cd-Fe-carbonates, Fe-phosphates and Fe-(oxyhydr)oxides, were identified and characterized. Using Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Synchrotron-based Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy, Cd was mapped in the Fe(II) mineral aggregates formed during microbial Fe(III) reduction. Microbial Fe(III) reduction mobilizes Cd prior to precipitation of the Cd as Cd-bearing mineral phases. On the one hand, the mobilized Cd could potentially be taken up by phytoremediating plants, resulting in a net removal of Cd from contaminated sites. On the other hand, Cd precipitation could immobilize Cd more strongly and reduce Cd bioavailability in the environment, causing less toxic effects to crops and soil microbiota. However, the stability and therefore bioavailability of these newly-formed Fe-Cd mineral phases needs to be assessed thoroughly. Whether phytoremediation or immobilization of Cd in a mineral with reduced Cd bioavailability are feasible mechanisms to reduce the toxic effects of Cd in the environment still remains to be determined. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Muehe, E Marie AU - Adaktylou, Irini J AU - Obst, Martin AU - Schroeder, Christian AU - Behrens, Sebastian AU - Hitchcock, Adam P AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Kraemer, Ute AU - Kappler, Andreas AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1798 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - fertilizers KW - toxic materials KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - bioremediation KW - iron KW - biota KW - remediation KW - ferrous iron KW - X-ray data KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - cadmium KW - anaerobic environment KW - phytoremediation KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507181260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Cd+mobility+in+anoxic+Fe-mineral-rich+environments%3B+potential+use+of+Fe%28III%29-reducing+bacteria+for+soil+remediation&rft.au=Muehe%2C+E+Marie%3BAdaktylou%2C+Irini+J%3BObst%2C+Martin%3BSchroeder%2C+Christian%3BBehrens%2C+Sebastian%3BHitchcock%2C+Adam+P%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BKraemer%2C+Ute%3BKappler%2C+Andreas%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Muehe&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1798&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.13 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; anaerobic environment; bacteria; bioavailability; bioremediation; biota; cadmium; ferrous iron; fertilizers; iron; metals; phytoremediation; pollution; public health; remediation; soil pollution; toxic materials; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular dynamics study of cement-aqueous solution interfacial system; cesium ion fixation AN - 1507173347; 2014-015950 AB - Cs (super +) ion is one of radioactive species generated by nuclear electric power. It is one of the most problematic ions because of its long half-life and high mobility. Cement material is considered as a candidate for the solid fixation of Cs (super +) ions, and the engineered barrier for the geological disposal of such radioactive species. The structures of the cement is complicated, and considered as nano-crystalline aggregation phase with two distinct local structures, tobermorite and jennite, by the difference of Ca/Si ratio and the silica-chain length. The goal of this research is to detect which structural or compositional feature is essential to ionic adsorption into cement matrix. By using molecular dynamics simulations, we have studied the aqueous solution-mineral (cement) interfacial systems for two different cement local structures (tobermorite and jennite) and two different solutions (NaCl and CsCl). It was found that Na (super +) ion could form both inner-sphere complex and outer-sphere complex, without full hydration shell and with full hydration shell at the time of adsorption, respectively. In contrast, Cs (super +) ion could only form inner-sphere complex for both mineral cases. This finding is in good correspondence with previous NMR studies. Furthermore, we found that the inner-sphere complex Na (super +) is tightly binded with the depronated oxygen. More importantly, it was found that tobermorite presents better binding property than that of jennite. The fact that differences in cement structure and ion species may cause these differences in adsorption state and binding property will enhance our understanding on cement materials in the case of the solid fixation and the geological disposal. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Kobayashi, K AU - Liang, Y AU - Bourg, I C AU - Matsuoka, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1484 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - jennite KW - alkaline earth metals KW - oxygen KW - alkali metals KW - tobermorite KW - aqueous solutions KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - silicon KW - ions KW - NMR spectra KW - cesium KW - metals KW - spectra KW - cement KW - chain silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507173347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Molecular+dynamics+study+of+cement-aqueous+solution+interfacial+system%3B+cesium+ion+fixation&rft.au=Kobayashi%2C+K%3BLiang%2C+Y%3BBourg%2C+I+C%3BMatsuoka%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kobayashi&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1484&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.11 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; aqueous solutions; calcium; cement; cesium; chain silicates; ions; jennite; metals; NMR spectra; oxygen; silicates; silicon; simulation; spectra; tobermorite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pressure-induced polyamorphism in amorphous calcium carbonate; insights into biomineral polymorph selection mechanisms AN - 1502291345; 2014-012514 AB - Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC, CaCO (sub 3) .H (sub 2) O) is commonly found in the earliest stages of biomineral development and as one of the metastable phases formed during the inorganic precipitation of calcium carbonate crystalline polymorphs. Recently, the existence of different amorphous polymorphs of ACC-proto-vaterite and proto-calcite-that act as precursors of the crystalline polymorphs has been suggested [1]. It has also been shown that the presence of Mg (super 2+) in ACC induces an aragonite-like local order around the Ca (super 2+) ions [2]. Here we show using high-pressure high-energy x-ray diffraction experiments combined with reverse Monte-Carlo modeling that ACC undergoes a reversible structural transition at approximately 9.8 GPa adopting an aragonite-like local order when its molar volume is decreased. This has been confirmed by high-pressure Raman experiments that show a discontinuous behavior of the carbonate stretching and in-plane bending modes at approximately 10 GPa. This finding could be suggesting that cationic substitutions of Ca (super 2+) by smaller ions, such as Mg (super 2+) , control ACC polyamorphism by reducing the molar volume of the amorphous phase. The fact that the structure is hydrated and that no signs of dehydration are found throughout the compression suggests that water is a key element in the reversibility of the transition. To our knowledge, this is the first reversible amorphous-amorphous phase transition found for an amorphous ionic system. High-pressure x-ray absorption experiments have also been performed to study the evolution of the density under pressure, allowing the first determination of the bulk modulus (K' = 27.2 + or - 1.4 GPa) and the density of ACC (2.18 g/cm (super 3) . JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Fernandez-Martinez, A AU - Kalkan, B AU - Clark, S M AU - Waychunas, G A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1077 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - biomineralization KW - pressure KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - amorphous materials KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - polymetamorphism KW - calcium carbonate KW - metamorphism KW - geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1502291345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Pressure-induced+polyamorphism+in+amorphous+calcium+carbonate%3B+insights+into+biomineral+polymorph+selection+mechanisms&rft.au=Fernandez-Martinez%2C+A%3BKalkan%2C+B%3BClark%2C+S+M%3BWaychunas%2C+G+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fernandez-Martinez&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1077&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.6 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-27 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; biomineralization; calcium carbonate; geochemistry; metamorphism; Monte Carlo analysis; polymetamorphism; pressure; statistical analysis; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synchrotron infrared imaging of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in cardiac tissue from mice fed high glycemic diets AN - 1500774325; 19274187 AB - Recent research findings correlate an increased risk for dieases such as diabetes, macular degeneration and cardiovascular disease (CVD) with diets that rapidly raise the blood sugar levels; these diets are known as high glycemic index (GI) diets which include white breads, sodas and sweet deserts. Lower glycemia diets are usually rich in fruits, non-starchy vegetables and whole grain products. The goal of our study was to compare and contrast the effects of a low vs. high glycemic diet using the biochemical composition and microstructure of the heart. The improved spatial resolution and signal-to-noise for SR-FTIR obtained through the coupling of the bright synchrotron infrared photon source to an infrared spectral microscope enabled the molecular-level observation of diet-related changes within unfixed fresh frozen histologic sections of mouse cardiac tissue. High and low glycemic index (GI) diets were started at the age of five-months and continued for one year, with the diets only differing in their starch distribution (high GI diet = 100% amylopectin versus low GI diet = 30% amylopectin/70% amylose). Serial cryosections of cardiac tissue for SR-FTIR imaging alternated with adjacent hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stained sections allowed not only fine-scale chemical analyses of glycogen and glycolipid accumulation along a vein as well as protein glycation hotspots co-localizing with collagen cold spots but also the tracking of morphological differences occurring in tandem with these chemical changes. As a result of the bright synchrotron infrared photon source coupling, we were able to provide significant molecular evidence for a positive correlation between protein glycation and collagen degradation in our mouse model. Our results bring a new insight not only to the effects of long-term GI dietary practices of the public but also to the molecular and chemical foundation behind the cardiovascular disease pathogenesis commonly seen in diabetic patients. JF - Biomedical Spectroscopy and Imaging AU - Weikel, Karen AD - Berkeley Synchrotron Infrared Structural Biology Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 301 EP - 315 PB - IOS Press, Nieuwe Hemweg 6B Amsterdam 1013 BG Netherlands VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 2212-8794, 2212-8794 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Advanced glycosylation end products KW - Heart KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1500774325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomedical+Spectroscopy+and+Imaging&rft.atitle=Synchrotron+infrared+imaging+of+advanced+glycation+endproducts+%28AGEs%29+in+cardiac+tissue+from+mice+fed+high+glycemic+diets&rft.au=Weikel%2C+Karen&rft.aulast=Weikel&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomedical+Spectroscopy+and+Imaging&rft.issn=22128794&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heart ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods and Models for Costing Carbon Mitigation AN - 1496895082; 19030864 AB - Using the results of more than 20 different global models with a particular emphasis on two rapidly growing large countries (China and India), this paper discusses the cost estimation methods that are used in setting up information for organizing models and to illustrate their global applicability to China, Korea, Japan, India, Indonesia, Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, Africa, and the United States. Some clear points emerge from the intermodal comparison exercise. First, no single technology can play a leading role in global emission mitigation. Second, although participation of all the regions is important, regions where future demographic and economic growth is concentrated will share a large part of this burden. Third, different technologies are important for different regions for mitigating emissions in the most cost-effective way. Fourth, if stringent climate policy targets are to be met, then emission-reduction actions need to be undertaken as soon as possible. JF - Annual Review of Environment and Resources AU - Sathaye, Jayant AU - Shukla, P R AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, jasathaye@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 137 EP - 168 PB - Annual Reviews, Inc., 4139 El Camino Way Palo Alto CA 94303-0139 United States VL - 38 SN - 1543-5938, 1543-5938 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - global KW - electricity KW - energy KW - iron and steel KW - top-down KW - bottom-up KW - Mitigation KW - Latin America KW - Indonesia KW - Europe KW - Economic growth KW - Environmental policy KW - India KW - Demography KW - USA KW - Reviews KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - Africa KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Korea, Rep. KW - Japan KW - Middle East KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 08:International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1496895082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.atitle=Methods+and+Models+for+Costing+Carbon+Mitigation&rft.au=Sathaye%2C+Jayant%3BShukla%2C+P+R&rft.aulast=Sathaye&rft.aufirst=Jayant&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=9780824323387&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.issn=15435938&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev-environ-083111-092115 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Demography; Mitigation; Reviews; Economics; Emissions; Economic growth; Environmental policy; Technology; USA; Latin America; Indonesia; Africa; Europe; Korea, Rep.; China, People's Rep.; Middle East; Japan; India DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-083111-092115 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RegPrecise 3.0 - A resource for genome-scale exploration of transcriptional regulation in bacteria AN - 1492612534; 18857051 AB - Background: Genome-scale prediction of gene regulation and reconstruction of transcriptional regulatory networks in prokaryotes is one of the critical tasks of modern genomics. Bacteria from different taxonomic groups, whose lifestyles and natural environments are substantially different, possess highly diverged transcriptional regulatory networks. The comparative genomics approaches are useful for in silico reconstruction of bacterial regulons and networks operated by both transcription factors (TFs) and RNA regulatory elements (riboswitches). Description: RegPrecise ( http://regprecise.lbl.gov ) is a web resource for collection, visualization and analysis of transcriptional regulons reconstructed by comparative genomics. We significantly expanded a reference collection of manually curated regulons we introduced earlier. RegPrecise 3.0 provides access to inferred regulatory interactions organized by phylogenetic, structural and functional properties. Taxonomy-specific collections include 781 TF regulogs inferred in more than 160 genomes representing 14 taxonomic groups of Bacteria. TF-specific collections include regulogs for a selected subset of 40 TFs reconstructed across more than 30 taxonomic lineages. Novel collections of regulons operated by RNA regulatory elements (riboswitches) include near 400 regulogs inferred in 24 bacterial lineages. RegPrecise 3.0 provides four classifications of the reference regulons implemented as controlled vocabularies: 55 TF protein families; 43 RNA motif families; ~150 biological processes or metabolic pathways; and ~200 effectors or environmental signals. Genome-wide visualization of regulatory networks and metabolic pathways covered by the reference regulons are available for all studied genomes. A separate section of RegPrecise 3.0 contains draft regulatory networks in 640 genomes obtained by an conservative propagation of the reference regulons to closely related genomes. Conclusions: RegPrecise 3.0 gives access to the transcriptional regulons reconstructed in bacterial genomes. Analytical capabilities include exploration of: regulon content, structure and function; TF binding site motifs; conservation and variations in genome-wide regulatory networks across all taxonomic groups of Bacteria. RegPrecise 3.0 was selected as a core resource on transcriptional regulation of the Department of Energy Systems Biology Knowledgebase, an emerging software and data environment designed to enable researchers to collaboratively generate, test and share new hypotheses about gene and protein functions, perform large-scale analyses, and model interactions in microbes, plants, and their communities. JF - BMC Genomics AU - Novichkov, Pavel S AU - Kazakov, Alexey E AU - Ravcheev, Dmitry A AU - Leyn, Semen A AU - Kovaleva, Galina Y AU - Sutormin, Roman A AU - Kazanov, Marat D AU - Riehl, William AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Dubchak, Inna AU - Rodionov, Dmitry A AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley 94710, CA, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 745 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1471-2164, 1471-2164 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Regulatory network KW - Regulon KW - Transcription factor KW - Riboswitch KW - Comparative genomics KW - Bacteria KW - Phylogeny KW - Data processing KW - Regulatory sequences KW - protein families KW - Riboswitches KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - RNA KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Energy KW - Gene regulation KW - Transcription factors KW - Metabolic pathways KW - Plant communities KW - Conservation KW - Prokaryotes KW - genomics KW - Propagation KW - Internet KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492612534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Genomics&rft.atitle=RegPrecise+3.0+-+A+resource+for+genome-scale+exploration+of+transcriptional+regulation+in+bacteria&rft.au=Novichkov%2C+Pavel+S%3BKazakov%2C+Alexey+E%3BRavcheev%2C+Dmitry+A%3BLeyn%2C+Semen+A%3BKovaleva%2C+Galina+Y%3BSutormin%2C+Roman+A%3BKazanov%2C+Marat+D%3BRiehl%2C+William%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BDubchak%2C+Inna%3BRodionov%2C+Dmitry+A&rft.aulast=Novichkov&rft.aufirst=Pavel&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Genomics&rft.issn=14712164&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2164-14-745 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/14/745 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Data processing; Regulatory sequences; protein families; Riboswitches; Computer programs; software; RNA; Structure-function relationships; Transcription factors; Gene regulation; Energy; Plant communities; Metabolic pathways; Conservation; genomics; Prokaryotes; Internet; Propagation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-745 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimentally quantifying metabasalt dissolution kinetics at 25 degrees C and pH 2-12 AN - 1492588319; 2014-005743 AB - Despite the large number of studies reporting individual minerals dissolution rates, less is known about the dissolution rates of whole rocks. This lack of data motivated this study of the dissolution kinetics of a metabasalt from the Mt. Reventino area (Southern Italy). Experiments were performed on crushed and sieved metabasalt at 25 degrees C using mixed-flow reactors. The interpretation of our experiments takes account of the contributions of the dissolution of each distinct mineral to model the chemical evolution of the aqueous phase. Individual mineral surface areas were estimated by distributing the total crushed rock BET surface area among the different minerals present in the metabasalt (chlorite, amphibole, epidote, albite, and phengite) as a function of their modal abundances. Then, by adopting the literature dissolution rate of epidote, the temporal evolution of cation concentrations were used to retrieve the dissolution rates of the other minerals. Dissolution rates for chlorite, amphibole, albite, and phengite retrieved from the pH 2 experiments are within an order of magnitude from each other. This observation contrasts with corresponding rates reported in the literature and suggests that mineral dissolution rates are affected by presence of other minerals in multi-phase rocks. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Critelli, T AU - Saldi, G D AU - Daval, D AU - Apollaro, C AU - Oelkers, E H AU - Schott, J AU - De Rosa, R AU - Knauss, K G AU - Marini, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 926 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - metaigneous rocks KW - experimental studies KW - solutions KW - metabasalt KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - southern Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - phase equilibria KW - metamorphic rocks KW - Mount Reventino KW - geochemistry KW - P-T conditions KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492588319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Experimentally+quantifying+metabasalt+dissolution+kinetics+at+25+degrees+C+and+pH+2-12&rft.au=Critelli%2C+T%3BSaldi%2C+G+D%3BDaval%2C+D%3BApollaro%2C+C%3BOelkers%2C+E+H%3BSchott%2C+J%3BDe+Rosa%2C+R%3BKnauss%2C+K+G%3BMarini%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Critelli&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=926&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.3 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Europe; experimental studies; geochemistry; Italy; metabasalt; metaigneous rocks; metamorphic rocks; Mount Reventino; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; solutions; Southern Europe; southern Italy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fe and S redox cycling during a biostimulation episode at the Old Rifle, CO aquifer AN - 1492588048; 2014-007517 AB - In-situ bioremediation studies have shown that adding electron donor to groundwater stimulates the activity of metal- and sulfate-reducing bacteria, profoundly impacting the cycling and speciation of redox-sensitive elements such as iron and sulfur, and changing the redox status of contaminants such as U(VI) to insoluble U(IV) products. While numerous studies have examined the impact of bioreduction in laboratory-based studies, very few have examined Fe and S speciation changes at the molecular to pore scales in situ in a biostimulated aquifer. In this study, we used in-well columns to obtain direct access to sediment speciation at different time points during a bioremediation experiment at the Old Rifle site, CO, transitioning dominantly from iron-reducing to sulfate-reducing regime. We investigated Fe and S speciation at the molecular scale using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Chemical extractions of reduced sediments revealed the rates of Fe(II) and sulfide formation. Bulk Fe EXAFS showed a significant change of Fe redox status with ongoing bioremediation. Results provide evidence for the reduction of the entire S pool to monosulfide and elemental sulfur. The speciation of FeS grain coatings that appear under sulfate-reducing conditions was probed using electron microscopy and micro-XAS. Results showed elemental sulfur accumulating in the coatings which appear to also concentrate uranium. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Janot, N AU - Lezama-Pacheco, J S AU - Alessi, D S AU - Bernier-Latmani, R AU - Suvorova, E AU - Cerrato, J M AU - Giammar, D E AU - Yang, L AU - Davis, J A AU - Fox, P M AU - Williams, K H AU - Long, P E AU - Handley, K AU - Bargar, J R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1377 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - atomic absorption spectra KW - Old Rifle Aquifer KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sulfur KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - actinides KW - Eh KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492588048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Fe+and+S+redox+cycling+during+a+biostimulation+episode+at+the+Old+Rifle%2C+CO+aquifer&rft.au=Janot%2C+N%3BLezama-Pacheco%2C+J+S%3BAlessi%2C+D+S%3BBernier-Latmani%2C+R%3BSuvorova%2C+E%3BCerrato%2C+J+M%3BGiammar%2C+D+E%3BYang%2C+L%3BDavis%2C+J+A%3BFox%2C+P+M%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BHandley%2C+K%3BBargar%2C+J+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Janot&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.10 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; atomic absorption spectra; bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical fractionation; Eh; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; ground water; in situ; iron; laboratory studies; metals; Old Rifle Aquifer; pollution; remediation; spectra; sulfur; uranium; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotope tracking of microbial sulfate reduction in oil reservoirs AN - 1492587971; 2014-005710 AB - Seawater injection as a secondary oil recovery technique is considered to stimulate microbial sulfate reduction in oil reservoirs, leading to reservoir souring. Souring leads to major issues with oil production and refining. Several techniques to remediate souring have been tried, with the most common being addition of nitrate to the injected seawater. Tools are needed to monitor the onset of souring and track the efficiency of treatment options. Microbial sulfate reduction is known to impart large, characteristic shifts in the sulfur and oxygen isotope compositions of the residual sulfate and byproducts of the process that can be distinguished from other processes that may be occurring in the reservoir including precipitation of sulfate and/or sulfide minerals, dilution or sorption onto reservoir materials. In this contribution, we present preliminary experimental results designed to explore the use and sensitivity of isotopic signatures of sulfate and sulfide to monitor reservoir souring. Two sets of column experiments to simulate reservoir souring and treatment with nitrate have been conducted. In the first set, seawater with and without nitrate was introduced to columns. Appearance of sulfide in the effluent from the untreated columns was observed after 5 days, but measurable shifts in the delta (super 34) S of the effluent sulfate were observed after only 2 days, indicating that sulfate reduction had already begun. In the nitrate columns, sulfide in the effluent was not observed until 3 weeks after the experiment began, but a shift in the delta (super 34) S of the sulfate was observed after only 1 week. In the second set of experiments, the columns were allowed to go sour before nitrate was added. Effluent sulfate dropped to less than 5% of the influent concentrations. The delta (super 34) S of the residual sulfate was approximately 60ppm higher and the delta (super 18) O was approximately 15ppm higher. After nitrate addition, sulfide disappeared and both the delta (super 34) S and delta (super 18) O values of the effluent sulfate returned to baseline after approximately 10 days. With time, the delta (super 34) S of the sulfate dropped to 2 ppm less than the influent values indicating re-oxidation of sulfide precipitates in the columns. These results indicate that isotopic monitoring of microbial sulfate reduction is highly sensitive, potentially providing early indicators of reservoir souring processes. Future work will include isotopic monitoring samples from oil reservoirs and incorporation of isotopic effects into reservoir reactive transport models. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Hubbard, Christopher G AU - Engelbrektson, Anna AU - Coates, John AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 910 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - petroleum exploration KW - sorption KW - technology KW - sea water KW - sulfates KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - petroleum KW - simulation KW - stable isotopes KW - recovery KW - reservoir rocks KW - S-34/S-32 KW - sulfur KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492587971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Isotope+tracking+of+microbial+sulfate+reduction+in+oil+reservoirs&rft.au=Conrad%2C+Mark+E%3BHubbard%2C+Christopher+G%3BEngelbrektson%2C+Anna%3BCoates%2C+John%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=910&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.3 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geochemistry; isotope ratios; isotopes; petroleum; petroleum exploration; recovery; reduction; reservoir rocks; S-34/S-32; sea water; simulation; sorption; stable isotopes; sulfates; sulfur; technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cooperative and competitive adsorption of amino acids with Ca (super 2+) on rutile AN - 1492587815; 2014-005829 AB - Amino acids are highly soluble in water and do not spontaneously organize themselves. For these molecules, it has been recognized that mineral surfaces may potentially have played an important role in their selection, organization and concentration in the prebiotic era. Here, we investigated the adsorption of the oppositely charged amino acids glutamate and lysine with and without the addition of Ca (super 2+) . Without Ca (super 2+) , glutamate shows maximum adsorption at a pH of approximately 4 and lysine shows maximum adsorption at a pH of approximately 9.4. In comparison, with Ca (super 2+) present, glutamate showed maxima adsorption at both pH approximately 4 and approximately 10, whereas lysine showed no adsorption at all. These dramatic effects can be described as cooperative adsorption between glutamate and Ca (super 2+) and competitive adsorption between lysine and Ca (super 2+) . Surface complexation model calculations indicate a purely electrostatic origin of these effects. Adsorption of Ca (super 2+) at high pH makes the rutile surface more positive, attracting glutamate and repelling lysine. The cooperative or competitive effects show that biomolecules can participate in complex adsorption behaviour. A fundamental understanding of amino acids speciation and coordination chemistry to oxide mineral surfaces may provide valuable insight into biomaterial and biomolecular interactions and the fate of organic acids in natural environments, as well as the possible role of mineral surfaces in the chemical evolution of biomolecules in the origin of life. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Lee, Namhey AU - Sverjensky, Dimitri A AU - Hazen, Robert M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1571 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - biochemistry KW - amino acids KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - pH KW - mineral surface KW - life origin KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492587815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Cooperative+and+competitive+adsorption+of+amino+acids+with+Ca+%28super+2%2B%29+on+rutile&rft.au=Lee%2C+Namhey%3BSverjensky%2C+Dimitri+A%3BHazen%2C+Robert+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Namhey&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.12 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; amino acids; biochemistry; life origin; mineral surface; organic acids; organic compounds; oxides; pH; rutile; solubility DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unravelling sources of ground-level ozone in the intermountain Western U.S. through Pb isotopes AN - 1492587665; 2014-005655 AB - The Western United States (US) is subject to pollution transported across the Pacific from Asia. One component of aerosol pollution is lead (Pb), an element that can be readily traced back to sources using isotopic fingerprints Over the past decade China has emitted approximately 7X10 (super 9) g/yr of Pb to the atmosphere with the principal source being coal combustion. The isotopic composition of aerosol Pb from China is distinct from sources in the Western US. In [1] it was shown, using data from Northern California, that the amount of Pb sourced in Asia/China (termed Trans-Pac Pb, ng/m (super 3) ) could be determined from the aerosol Pb isotopic composition. Here we explore the combined use of Pb isotopes and back-trajectory analyses to constrain the sources of ozone and its precursors to remote areas of the intermountain Western US. The EPA is considering lowering the ozone standard from 75 ppbv (MDA8= Maximum Daily 8-hour Average) to 60-70 ppbv. This will result in remote areas of the intermountain west being out of compliance, despite a lack of significant local sources. Sources suggested as culprits for ozone exceedance events in the remote west include long-range transport from Asia, regional transport from the Los Angeles/Las Vegas area, exchange/intrusion of stratospheric air to the surface, and wildfires. We used a combination of Pb isotope fingerprinting and back-trajectory analyses to distinguish sources of ozone to Great Basin National Park located in eastern Nevada. We found that during discrete Chinese Pb events (>1.1 ng/m3) trans-Pacific transported ozone was 4+ or -5 ppbv above 15 year averages for those dates. In contrast, dates characterized by regional transport from the Los Angeles and Las Vegas areas were 19+ or -3 ppbv above the long-term averages, and those characterized by high-attitude transport were 21+ or -5 ppbv above. The latter is indicative of long range free tropopshere transport, most of these samples had modest concentrations of Trans-Pac Pb (ave. 0.43 ng/m (super 3) ). Our data constrain the average background concentration of Asian sourced Pb in air to 0.3+ or -0.2 ng/m (super 3) in the western US. [1] Ewing et al. (2010) ES&T 44, 8911-8916 JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Christensen, John N AU - Weiss-Penzias, Peter AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - McDade, Charles AU - Jaffe, Dan AU - Gustin, Mae AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 882 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - Los Angeles County California KW - monitoring KW - Far East KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - lead KW - Clark County Nevada KW - California KW - Los Angeles California KW - ozone KW - Western U.S. KW - metals KW - Las Vegas Nevada KW - aerosols KW - Asia KW - Northern California KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - China KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492587665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Unravelling+sources+of+ground-level+ozone+in+the+intermountain+Western+U.S.+through+Pb+isotopes&rft.au=Christensen%2C+John+N%3BWeiss-Penzias%2C+Peter%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BMcDade%2C+Charles%3BJaffe%2C+Dan%3BGustin%2C+Mae%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=882&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.3 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Asia; California; China; Clark County Nevada; Far East; geochemistry; Las Vegas Nevada; lead; Los Angeles California; Los Angeles County California; metals; monitoring; Nevada; Northern California; ozone; pollutants; pollution; United States; Western U.S. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial extracellular polymeric substances modulate the product of uranium biomineralization AN - 1492585705; 2014-007413 AB - Microbial biomineralization influences the cycling and sequestration of a variety of metals and metalloids in the environment. Uranium biomineralization by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 was shown to produce two distinct U(IV) products under different chemical conditions. Here, we report that the uranium product is modulated by the formation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), a biological response that improves cellular resistance to U toxicity. When imaged by cryo-electron microscopy and analyzed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, the two uranium products have distinct morphologies and atomic environments. This difference is shown to be due to the presence or absence of EPS using a spectro-microscopy method -scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM)- that can differentiate amongst carbon biomolecules and localize U. When EPS is present, U is largely associated with it instead of the cell surface. Furthermore, we show that when the suspected U reductases are removed by mutation, EPS production and cellular viability decrease. Hence, the structure of the product of uranium biomineralization is intricately linked to the formation of EPS. We posit that a single U(IV) product is favored in the subsurface due to the prevalence of biofilms and because EPS are major component of those structures. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Bernier-Latmani, R AU - Shao, P P AU - Comolli, L R AU - Stylo, M AU - Alessi, D S AU - Bargar, J R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 693 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - biomineralization KW - extracellular polymeric compounds KW - metals KW - biofilms KW - uranium KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492585705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Microbial+extracellular+polymeric+substances+modulate+the+product+of+uranium+biomineralization&rft.au=Bernier-Latmani%2C+R%3BShao%2C+P+P%3BComolli%2C+L+R%3BStylo%2C+M%3BAlessi%2C+D+S%3BBargar%2C+J+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bernier-Latmani&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=693&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.2 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; biofilms; biomineralization; extracellular polymeric compounds; geochemistry; metals; uranium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence of minimum aqueous alteration in rock-ice body; update of organic chemistry and mineralogy of ultracarbonaceous Antarctic micrometeorite AN - 1492584434; 2014-007071 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Yabuta, H AU - Noguchi, T AU - Itoh, S AU - Sakamoto, N AU - Hashiguchi, M AU - Abe, K AU - Tsujimoto, S AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Okubo, A AU - Okazaki, R AU - Tachibana, S AU - Nakamura, T AU - Terada, K AU - Ebihara, M AU - Nagahara, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 EP - Abstract 2335 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 44 KW - carbonaceous composition KW - asteroids KW - amorphous materials KW - biochemistry KW - parent bodies KW - Dome Fuji Station KW - Queen Maud Land KW - TEM data KW - nitrogen KW - aqueous alteration KW - micrometeorites KW - meteorites KW - organic compounds KW - mineral composition KW - comets KW - Antarctica KW - glass with embedded metal and sulfide grains KW - metals KW - nickel KW - sulfides KW - pyrrhotite KW - GEMS grains KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492584434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+minimum+aqueous+alteration+in+rock-ice+body%3B+update+of+organic+chemistry+and+mineralogy+of+ultracarbonaceous+Antarctic+micrometeorite&rft.au=Yabuta%2C+H%3BNoguchi%2C+T%3BItoh%2C+S%3BSakamoto%2C+N%3BHashiguchi%2C+M%3BAbe%2C+K%3BTsujimoto%2C+S%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BOkubo%2C+A%3BOkazaki%2C+R%3BTachibana%2C+S%3BNakamura%2C+T%3BTerada%2C+K%3BEbihara%2C+M%3BNagahara%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yabuta&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/2335.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 44th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 13, 2013 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; Antarctica; aqueous alteration; asteroids; biochemistry; carbonaceous composition; comets; Dome Fuji Station; GEMS grains; glass with embedded metal and sulfide grains; metals; meteorites; micrometeorites; mineral composition; nickel; nitrogen; organic compounds; parent bodies; pyrrhotite; Queen Maud Land; sulfides; TEM data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic analysis of Sutter's Mill chondrite using C-XANES AN - 1492583889; 2014-007082 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Kebukawa, Y AU - Zolensky, M E AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Rahman, Z AU - Jenniskens, P AU - Mikouchi, T AU - Hagiya, K AU - Ohsumi, K AU - Komatsu, M AU - Cody, C D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 EP - Abstract 2118 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 44 KW - stony meteorites KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - matrix KW - Sutter's Mill Meteorite KW - native elements KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - X-ray spectra KW - meteorite falls KW - XANES spectra KW - synchrotron radiation KW - meteorites KW - organic compounds KW - fine-grained materials KW - diamond KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - chemical composition KW - carbonates KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492583889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Organic+analysis+of+Sutter%27s+Mill+chondrite+using+C-XANES&rft.au=Kebukawa%2C+Y%3BZolensky%2C+M+E%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BRahman%2C+Z%3BJenniskens%2C+P%3BMikouchi%2C+T%3BHagiya%2C+K%3BOhsumi%2C+K%3BKomatsu%2C+M%3BCody%2C+C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kebukawa&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/2118.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 44th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 21, 2013 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonaceous chondrites; carbonates; chemical composition; chondrites; diamond; fine-grained materials; matrix; meteorite falls; meteorites; native elements; organic compounds; spectra; stony meteorites; Sutter's Mill Meteorite; synchrotron radiation; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ investigations of carbonate nucleation on mineral and organic surfaces AN - 1477831241; 2014-002439 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Jun, Young-Shin AU - Fernandez-Martinez, Alejandro Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 229 EP - 257 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - surface properties KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - free energy KW - solid solution KW - theoretical studies KW - organic compounds KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - nucleation KW - precipitation KW - calcium carbonate KW - thermodynamic properties KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477831241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=In+situ+investigations+of+carbonate+nucleation+on+mineral+and+organic+surfaces&rft.au=De+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BJun%2C+Young-Shin%3BFernandez-Martinez%2C+Alejandro&rft.aulast=De+Yoreo&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.7 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; calcium carbonate; carbonates; experimental studies; free energy; in situ; nucleation; organic compounds; precipitation; solid solution; surface properties; theoretical studies; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular simulation of CO (sub 2) - and CO (sub 3) -brine-mineral systems AN - 1477831155; 2014-002438 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Hamm, Laura M AU - Bourg, Ian C AU - Wallace, Adam F AU - Rotenberg, Benjamin Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 189 EP - 228 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - silicates KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - data processing KW - NMR spectra KW - carbon dioxide KW - phase equilibria KW - silica KW - digital simulation KW - zeolite group KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - molecular dynamics KW - equations of state KW - kinetics KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - density functional theory KW - numerical analysis KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - mineral-water interface KW - bicarbonate ion KW - brines KW - nanoparticles KW - carbonates KW - minerals KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477831155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Molecular+simulation+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+-+and+CO+%28sub+3%29+-brine-mineral+systems&rft.au=Hamm%2C+Laura+M%3BBourg%2C+Ian+C%3BWallace%2C+Adam+F%3BRotenberg%2C+Benjamin&rft.aulast=Hamm&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.6 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 294 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bicarbonate ion; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; data processing; density functional theory; digital simulation; equations of state; framework silicates; kinetics; mineral-water interface; minerals; molecular dynamics; Monte Carlo analysis; nanoparticles; NMR spectra; numerical analysis; numerical models; phase equilibria; silica; silicates; spectra; statistical analysis; X-ray diffraction data; zeolite group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural analogues AN - 1477831144; 2014-002434 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Bickle, Mike AU - Kampman, Niko AU - Wigley, Max Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 15 EP - 71 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - silicates KW - K-feldspar KW - iron oxides KW - San Rafael Swell KW - McCallum Dome KW - gas storage KW - New Mexico KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - alkali feldspar KW - hematite KW - carbon KW - framework silicates KW - Bravo Dome KW - North America KW - experimental studies KW - Paleozoic KW - C-13/C-12 KW - mineral-water interface KW - solubility KW - Ladbroke Grove Field KW - argon KW - Ar-36 KW - underground installations KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Colorado KW - Henry's law KW - feldspar group KW - clastic rocks KW - carbonates KW - crust KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - United States KW - Ne-20 KW - Sheep Mountain KW - isotopes KW - Green River basin KW - Supai Formation KW - sandstone KW - mantle KW - fluid phase KW - He-3 KW - solution KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - Kr-84 KW - Springerville-Saint Johns Dome KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - noble gases KW - neon KW - McElmo Dome KW - oxides KW - helium KW - Australia KW - kinetics KW - Rotliegend Group KW - red beds KW - carbon sequestration KW - Colorado Plateau KW - Australasia KW - Upper Jurassic KW - underground storage KW - Jurassic KW - isotope ratios KW - Navajo Sandstone KW - U. S. Rocky Mountains KW - Permian KW - krypton KW - Mesozoic KW - gases KW - aquifers KW - gas injection KW - Entrada Sandstone KW - Arizona KW - Utah KW - Rocky Mountains KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477831144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Natural+analogues&rft.au=Bickle%2C+Mike%3BKampman%2C+Niko%3BWigley%2C+Max&rft.aulast=Bickle&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.2 L2 - http://rimg.geoscienceworld.org/archive LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 154 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali feldspar; aquifers; Ar-36; argon; Arizona; Atlantic Ocean; Australasia; Australia; Bravo Dome; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; chemical reactions; clastic rocks; Colorado; Colorado Plateau; crust; Entrada Sandstone; experimental studies; feldspar group; fluid phase; framework silicates; gas injection; gas storage; gases; Green River basin; ground water; He-3; helium; hematite; Henry's law; iron oxides; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jurassic; K-feldspar; kinetics; Kr-84; krypton; Ladbroke Grove Field; mantle; McCallum Dome; McElmo Dome; Mesozoic; mineral-water interface; Navajo Sandstone; Ne-20; neon; New Mexico; noble gases; North America; North Atlantic; North Sea; oxides; Paleozoic; Permian; red beds; reservoir rocks; Rocky Mountains; Rotliegend Group; San Rafael Swell; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; Sheep Mountain; silicates; solubility; solution; Springerville-Saint Johns Dome; stable isotopes; Supai Formation; U. S. Rocky Mountains; underground installations; underground storage; United States; Upper Jurassic; Utah; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemistry of wellbore integrity in CO (sub 2) sequestration; Portland cement-steel-brine-CO (sub 2) interactions AN - 1477831033; 2014-002447 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Carey, J William Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 505 EP - 539 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - silicates KW - corrosion KW - alteration KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - cement materials KW - mineral-water interface KW - mechanical properties KW - steel KW - solid solution KW - clay minerals KW - carbon dioxide KW - gas injection KW - boreholes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - brines KW - reactive transport KW - sheet silicates KW - thermodynamic properties KW - saline composition KW - construction materials KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477831033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Geochemistry+of+wellbore+integrity+in+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration%3B+Portland+cement-steel-brine-CO+%28sub+2%29+interactions&rft.au=Carey%2C+J+William&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=505&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.15 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 88 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; boreholes; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; cement materials; chemical reactions; clay minerals; construction materials; corrosion; experimental studies; gas injection; mechanical properties; mineral-water interface; reactive transport; saline composition; sheet silicates; silicates; solid solution; steel; thermodynamic properties; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spherulites in trachytic melts AN - 1477830913; 2014-002094 AB - Spherulites are cluster of radiating crystals that occur commonly in rhyolitic melts under highly non-equilibrium conditions. Textural data on spherulites of alkali-feldspar and pyroxene are shown in this study. Spherulites grew in trachytic melts during cooling and decompression experiments with water-saturated conditions. The aim of this work is to better understand the growth of spherulites as a function of undercooling (DT), P (sub H2O) , time and superheating. Experiments were carried out using Cold Seal Pressure Vessel apparatus at pressure range of 30 + or - 200 MPa, temperature range of 750 + or - 850 degrees C and duration of 2 + or - 16 hours. This study presents preliminary quantitative data on spherulitic morphologies obtained both by electron microscopy (SEM) and phase-contrast synchrotron X-ray microtomography. Because experiments were performed at different experimental durations, the evolution of spherulites can be studied and furthermore the crystallographic misorientation, the changes in size and the aspect ratio can be measured. Three kinds of spherulites occurred during our experiments: (i) spherulites characterized by widely spaced crystals arranged radially around the nucleus, in agreement with previous observations; (ii) spherulites characterized by acicular and tiny fibers radially aggregated; (iii) spherulites characterized by the transition from a single crystal into a polycrystalline spherulite (densely branched spherulitic morphology). The preliminary results about alkali feldspar spherulites show that their growth rate is about 10 (super -7) cm/s. Spherulites were grown between 100 and 200 MPa, thus at high water contents. Moreover, low DT along with large superheating can enhance the nucleation and growth of spherulites. Therefore, low DT, large superheating and high P (sub f) conditions can trigger the crystallization of spherulitic morphologies. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Arzilli, F AU - Voltolini, M AU - Mancini, L AU - Cicconi, M R AU - Giuli, G AU - Carroll, M R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 622 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - experimental studies KW - volcanic rocks KW - phase equilibria KW - trachytes KW - igneous rocks KW - spherulites KW - melts KW - P-T conditions KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477830913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Spherulites+in+trachytic+melts&rft.au=Arzilli%2C+F%3BVoltolini%2C+M%3BMancini%2C+L%3BCicconi%2C+M+R%3BGiuli%2C+G%3BCarroll%2C+M+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arzilli&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=622&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.1 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; igneous rocks; melts; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; spherulites; trachytes; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon mineralization; from natural analogues to engineered systems AN - 1477830877; 2014-002441 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Power, Ian M AU - Harrison, Anna L AU - Dipple, Gregory M AU - Wilson, Siobhan A AU - Kelemen, Peter B AU - Hitch, Michael AU - Southam, Gordon Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 305 EP - 360 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - technology KW - igneous rocks KW - playas KW - solution KW - carbon dioxide KW - plutonic rocks KW - biomineralization KW - mine waste KW - carbon sequestration KW - underground storage KW - hydromagnesite KW - solubility KW - weathering KW - ultramafics KW - biogenic processes KW - ash KW - precipitation KW - brines KW - peridotites KW - industrial waste KW - greenhouse gases KW - waste disposal KW - tailings KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - microorganisms KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477830877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Carbon+mineralization%3B+from+natural+analogues+to+engineered+systems&rft.au=Power%2C+Ian+M%3BHarrison%2C+Anna+L%3BDipple%2C+Gregory+M%3BWilson%2C+Siobhan+A%3BKelemen%2C+Peter+B%3BHitch%2C+Michael%3BSoutham%2C+Gordon&rft.aulast=Power&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.9 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 382 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ash; biogenic processes; biomineralization; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; greenhouse gases; hydromagnesite; igneous rocks; industrial waste; microorganisms; mine waste; peridotites; playas; plutonic rocks; precipitation; SEM data; solubility; solution; tailings; technology; ultramafics; underground storage; waste disposal; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemistry of geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1477830642; 2014-002432 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1 EP - 539 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - carbon sequestration KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477830642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=Geochemistry+of+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.title=Geochemistry+of+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon sequestration; geochemistry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PVTX properties of H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) -"salt" at PTX conditions applicable to carbon sequestration in saline formations AN - 1477830547; 2014-002436 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Bodnar, Robert J AU - Steele-MacInnis, Matthew AU - Capobianco, Ryan M AU - Rimstidt, J Donald AU - Dilmore, Robert AU - Goodman, Angela AU - Guthrie, George Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 123 EP - 152 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - United States KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - underground storage KW - aqueous solutions KW - evaporites KW - depth KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - carbon KW - brines KW - underground installations KW - thermodynamic properties KW - saline composition KW - salt KW - P-T conditions KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477830547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=PVTX+properties+of+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+-%22salt%22+at+PTX+conditions+applicable+to+carbon+sequestration+in+saline+formations&rft.au=Bodnar%2C+Robert+J%3BSteele-MacInnis%2C+Matthew%3BCapobianco%2C+Ryan+M%3BRimstidt%2C+J+Donald%3BDilmore%2C+Robert%3BGoodman%2C+Angela%3BGuthrie%2C+George&rft.aulast=Bodnar&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.4 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 110 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; brines; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemically precipitated rocks; depth; evaporites; P-T conditions; pressure; saline composition; salt; sedimentary rocks; temperature; thermodynamic properties; underground installations; underground storage; United States; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental perspectives of mineral dissolution and precipitation due to carbon dioxide-water-rock interactions AN - 1477830446; 2014-002437 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Kaszuba, John AU - Yardley, Bruce AU - Andreani, Muriel Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 153 EP - 188 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - techniques KW - fluid phase KW - solution KW - carbon dioxide KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - oxides KW - framework silicates KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - underground storage KW - sulfates KW - mineral-water interface KW - porosity KW - iron hydroxides KW - hydroxides KW - gas injection KW - precipitation KW - underground installations KW - cap rocks KW - quartz KW - sheet silicates KW - sulfides KW - feldspar group KW - carbonates KW - permeability KW - minerals KW - instruments KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477830446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Experimental+perspectives+of+mineral+dissolution+and+precipitation+due+to+carbon+dioxide-water-rock+interactions&rft.au=Kaszuba%2C+John%3BYardley%2C+Bruce%3BAndreani%2C+Muriel&rft.aulast=Kaszuba&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.5 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 170 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; chemical reactions; experimental studies; feldspar group; fluid phase; framework silicates; gas injection; hydroxides; instruments; iron hydroxides; mineral-water interface; minerals; oxides; permeability; porosity; precipitation; quartz; sheet silicates; silica minerals; silicates; solution; sulfates; sulfides; techniques; underground installations; underground storage; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capillary pressure and mineral wettability influences on reservoir CO (sub 2) capacity AN - 1477830437; 2014-002446 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 481 EP - 503 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - surface properties KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - capillary pressure KW - depth KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - phase equilibria KW - brines KW - wettability KW - greenhouse gases KW - confining pressure KW - minerals KW - P-T conditions KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477830437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Capillary+pressure+and+mineral+wettability+influences+on+reservoir+CO+%28sub+2%29+capacity&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=481&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.14 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 108 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; capillary pressure; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; confining pressure; depth; experimental studies; greenhouse gases; minerals; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; pressure; reservoir rocks; surface properties; temperature; wettability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamics of carbonates AN - 1477829926; 2014-002435 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Radha, A V AU - Navrotsky, A Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 73 EP - 121 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - hydrotalcite KW - carbon sequestration KW - aragonite KW - underground storage KW - stability KW - free energy KW - solid solution KW - rhodochrosite KW - solution KW - carbon dioxide KW - calcite KW - dolomite KW - gas injection KW - enthalpy KW - phase equilibria KW - vaterite KW - underground installations KW - crystallization KW - thermodynamic properties KW - nanoparticles KW - carbonates KW - calorimetry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477829926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Thermodynamics+of+carbonates&rft.au=Radha%2C+A+V%3BNavrotsky%2C+A&rft.aulast=Radha&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.3 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 224 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 11 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aragonite; calcite; calorimetry; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; crystallization; dolomite; enthalpy; free energy; gas injection; hydrotalcite; nanoparticles; phase equilibria; rhodochrosite; solid solution; solution; stability; thermodynamic properties; underground installations; underground storage; vaterite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation of uranium products formed during in situ biostimulation of the Old Rifle, CO aquifer AN - 1477829869; 2014-001994 AB - Uranium bioremediation strategies focus on the addition of a reduced carbon source to stimulate the growth of indigenous microbial communities in subsurface sediments. This growth leads to conditions that promote the reduction of soluble U(VI) species in groundwater to relatively insoluble and immobile U(IV) species. Field studies to date focus on U(IV) products formed in deep sulfate reducing conditions, which have been identified as uraninite (UO (sub 2+x) ), monomeric or mononuclear U(IV) species that lack crystal structure and are associated with biomass or iron-bearing minerals, and phosphate coordination polymers to which U(IV) is bound. However a systematic molecular-to-pore scale characterization of changes in U(IV) product speciation and stability as bioremediation proceeds is not extant. In this study, we deployed sediment reactors into a groundwater well at the Old Rifle, CO aquifer during biostimulation with acetate. Sediments were harvested as the aquifer progressed through metal- and sulfate-reducing regimes, and were characterized by spectroscopic, microscopic, wet chemical, and microbiological techniques. U(IV) product local structure and reactivity exhibits little apparent change despite large changes in redox state, accumulated uranium in the sediments, and microbial community structure. This result suggests that similar U(VI) reduction mechanisms may be operating throughout the biostimulation campaign. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Alessi, D S AU - Janot, N AU - Lezama-Pacheco, J S AU - Suvorova, E I AU - Cerrato, J M AU - Giammar, D E AU - Fox, P M AU - Williams, K H AU - Long, P E AU - Handley, K M AU - Wrighton, K W AU - Miller, C S AU - Yang, L AU - Bernier-Latmani, R AU - Bargar, J R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 572 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - in situ KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - pollutants KW - Old Rifle Colorado KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477829869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Speciation+of+uranium+products+formed+during+in+situ+biostimulation+of+the+Old+Rifle%2C+CO+aquifer&rft.au=Alessi%2C+D+S%3BJanot%2C+N%3BLezama-Pacheco%2C+J+S%3BSuvorova%2C+E+I%3BCerrato%2C+J+M%3BGiammar%2C+D+E%3BFox%2C+P+M%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BHandley%2C+K+M%3BWrighton%2C+K+W%3BMiller%2C+C+S%3BYang%2C+L%3BBernier-Latmani%2C+R%3BBargar%2C+J+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Alessi&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=572&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.1 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; bioremediation; Colorado; Garfield County Colorado; geochemistry; ground water; in situ; metals; Old Rifle Colorado; pollutants; pollution; remediation; United States; uranium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Caprock fracture dissolution and CO (sub 2) leakage AN - 1477829846; 2014-002445 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Fitts, Jeffrey P AU - Peters, Catherine A Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 459 EP - 479 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - United States KW - Michigan Basin KW - solution KW - Cambrian KW - rock mechanics KW - carbon dioxide KW - Upper Cambrian KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Eau Claire Formation KW - Sleipner Field KW - North America KW - Illinois Basin KW - carbon sequestration KW - underground storage KW - shale KW - Paleozoic KW - gas injection KW - brines KW - cap rocks KW - acidification KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477829846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Caprock+fracture+dissolution+and+CO+%28sub+2%29+leakage&rft.au=Fitts%2C+Jeffrey+P%3BPeters%2C+Catherine+A&rft.aulast=Fitts&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=459&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.13 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; Atlantic Ocean; brines; Cambrian; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; Eau Claire Formation; fractures; gas injection; Illinois Basin; Michigan Basin; North America; North Atlantic; North Sea; Paleozoic; permeability; rock mechanics; sedimentary rocks; shale; Sleipner Field; solution; underground storage; United States; Upper Cambrian DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-scale imaging and simulation of structure, flow and reactive transport for CO (sub 2) storage and EOR in carbonate reservoirs AN - 1477829811; 2014-002444 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Crawshaw, John P AU - Boek, Edo S Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 431 EP - 458 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - fractured materials KW - imagery KW - natural gas KW - data processing KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - reactive transport KW - molecular dynamics KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - porous materials KW - high pressure KW - X-ray data KW - brines KW - coalbed methane KW - greenhouse gases KW - computed tomography data KW - carbonate rocks KW - clastic rocks KW - carbonates KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477829811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Multi-scale+imaging+and+simulation+of+structure%2C+flow+and+reactive+transport+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+and+EOR+in+carbonate+reservoirs&rft.au=Crawshaw%2C+John+P%3BBoek%2C+Edo+S&rft.aulast=Crawshaw&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.12 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 99 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonate rocks; carbonates; clastic rocks; coalbed methane; computed tomography data; data processing; digital simulation; fractured materials; greenhouse gases; high pressure; imagery; molecular dynamics; natural gas; numerical models; petroleum; porous materials; pressure; reactive transport; reservoir rocks; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; transport; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical monitoring for potential environmental impacts of geologic sequestration of CO (sub 2) AN - 1477829768; 2014-002443 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Kharaka, Yousif K AU - Cole, David R AU - Thordsen, James J AU - Gans, Kathleen D AU - Thomas, R Burt Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 399 EP - 430 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - United States KW - electrical conductivity KW - volcanic rocks KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - Cretaceous KW - Cranfield Field KW - sedimentary basins KW - igneous rocks KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - stable isotopes KW - oil and gas fields KW - environmental effects KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - plutonic rocks KW - Weyburn Field KW - basalts KW - tracers KW - basins KW - alkalinity KW - ZERT KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - Williston Basin KW - pH KW - North America KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - isotope ratios KW - Frio Formation KW - atmosphere KW - Paleogene KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Mesozoic KW - ultramafics KW - Montana KW - Bozeman Montana KW - gas injection KW - Tertiary KW - safety KW - Canada KW - brines KW - Western Canada KW - greenhouse gases KW - Saskatchewan KW - Oligocene KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477829768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Geochemical+monitoring+for+potential+environmental+impacts+of+geologic+sequestration+of+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Kharaka%2C+Yousif+K%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BThordsen%2C+James+J%3BGans%2C+Kathleen+D%3BThomas%2C+R+Burt&rft.aulast=Kharaka&rft.aufirst=Yousif&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.11 L2 - http://rimg.geoscienceworld.org/archive LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 174 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; atmosphere; basalts; basins; Bozeman Montana; brines; Canada; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Cenozoic; Cranfield Field; Cretaceous; electrical conductivity; environmental effects; Frio Formation; gas injection; greenhouse gases; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; Mesozoic; monitoring; Montana; North America; O-18/O-16; oil and gas fields; Oligocene; oxygen; Paleogene; pH; plutonic rocks; safety; Saskatchewan; sedimentary basins; stable isotopes; Tertiary; tracers; Tuscaloosa Formation; ultramafics; United States; Upper Cretaceous; volcanic rocks; Western Canada; Weyburn Field; Williston Basin; ZERT DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore scale processes associated with subsurface CO (sub 2) injection and sequestration AN - 1477829752; 2014-002440 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Trebotich, David Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 259 EP - 303 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - solute transport KW - dispersivity KW - solution KW - electrochemical properties KW - NMR spectra KW - carbon dioxide KW - Damkohler numbers KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - spectra KW - Peclet number KW - diffusion KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - numerical analysis KW - Darcy's law KW - tortuosity KW - equations KW - solubility KW - advection KW - porosity KW - gas injection KW - X-ray data KW - brines KW - computed tomography data KW - SEM data KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477829752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Pore+scale+processes+associated+with+subsurface+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+and+sequestration&rft.au=Steefel%2C+Carl+I%3BMolins%2C+Sergi%3BTrebotich%2C+David&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.8 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 164 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; computed tomography data; Damkohler numbers; Darcy's law; diffusion; dispersivity; electrochemical properties; equations; gas injection; NMR spectra; numerical analysis; numerical models; Peclet number; porosity; SEM data; solubility; solute transport; solution; spectra; tortuosity; transport; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acid gases in CO (sub 2) -rich subsurface geologic environments AN - 1477829750; 2014-002442 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Chialvo, Ariel A AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Cole, David R Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 361 EP - 398 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - carbon sequestration KW - solutions KW - surface tension KW - solubility KW - gases KW - carbon dioxide KW - enthalpy KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - viscosity KW - phase equilibria KW - isotherms KW - acidic composition KW - molecular dynamics KW - greenhouse gases KW - thermodynamic properties KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477829750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Acid+gases+in+CO+%28sub+2%29+-rich+subsurface+geologic+environments&rft.au=Chialvo%2C+Ariel+A%3BVlcek%2C+Lukas%3BCole%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Chialvo&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.10 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 215 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; enthalpy; gases; greenhouse gases; isotherms; molecular dynamics; phase equilibria; solubility; solutions; surface tension; thermodynamic properties; viscosity; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemistry of geologic carbon sequestration; an overview AN - 1477829744; 2014-002433 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Cole, David R Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - deep aquifers KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - sandstone KW - mineral-water interface KW - fluid phase KW - solubility KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - gas injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - brines KW - greenhouse gases KW - geochemistry KW - clastic rocks KW - carbonates KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477829744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Geochemistry+of+geologic+carbon+sequestration%3B+an+overview&rft.au=DePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BCole%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=DePaolo&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.1 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 82 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; chemical reactions; clastic rocks; deep aquifers; fluid phase; gas injection; geochemistry; greenhouse gases; ground water; mineral-water interface; monitoring; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; solubility DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical interpretation of laboratory and field data showing CO (sub 2) -induced groundwater changes AN - 1469628016; 2013-100802 AB - The potential impact of leaking CO (sub 2) on shallow groundwater quality is one of the issues related to the risk assessment of CO (sub 2) geological sequestration. Here we discuss CO (sub 2) -induced geochemical changes in a shallow sandy aquifer at approximately 50 m depth, focusing on the mobilization of trace elements and the underlying chemical mechanisms revealed by a controlled-release field experiment, laboratory tests and numerical modeling. The field test involved a dipole system in which the groundwater was pumped from one well, saturated with CO (sub 2) at the pressure corresponding to the hydraulic pressure of the aquifer, and then re-injected into the same aquifer using a second well. Groundwater samples for chemical analyses were collected in four monitoring wells. A series of lab-scale sequential leaching experiments were also carried out with synthetic groundwater solutions at different pH and CO (sub 2) concentrations. Upon introduction of CO (sub 2) , a rapid increase in concentrations of some trace elements (e.g. Ba, Sr) was observed in both the field and lab tests; the lab experiments suggest that metal release was primarily driven by the decrease in groundwater pH from approximately 8 to approximately 5. Geochemical modeling was employed to interpret laboratory and field results and gain insights on the mechanisms potentially involved in the CO (sub 2) -induced mobilization of trace elements. The increase in concentrations of alkali and alkaline earth metals can be explained by the dissolution of trace amounts of calcite and subsequent calcium-driven cation exchange reactions. Modeling also indicates that the magnitude and extent of metal mobilization depends not only on metal-mineral associations and sediment pH buffering characteristics, but also on the residence time of CO (sub 2) -impacted groundwater relative to the rates of metal-release reactions, with the effect of slow reactions only noticeable under conditions of slow groundwater velocity. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Tinnacher, Ruth M AU - Varadharajan, Charuleka AU - Spycher, Nicolas F AU - Bianchi, Marco AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Trautz, Robert C AU - Pugh, John D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2606 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - buffers KW - hydraulic pressure KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - movement KW - shallow aquifers KW - mobilization KW - trace elements KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1469628016?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Numerical+interpretation+of+laboratory+and+field+data+showing+CO+%28sub+2%29+-induced+groundwater+changes&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Liange%3BTinnacher%2C+Ruth+M%3BVaradharajan%2C+Charuleka%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas+F%3BBianchi%2C+Marco%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BTrautz%2C+Robert+C%3BPugh%2C+John+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Liange&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2606&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.26 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; buffers; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; geochemistry; ground water; hydraulic pressure; hydrochemistry; metals; mobilization; movement; numerical models; pH; shallow aquifers; trace elements DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.26 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation and transformation of nanocrystalline iron carbonate precursors AN - 1469616917; 2013-100661 AB - Fe(II)-carbonates, such as siderite, form in environments where O (sub 2) is scarce, e.g. during marine sediment diagenesis, corrosion and possibly CO (sub 2) sequestration but little is known about its formation pathways. Precipitates from carbonate solutions containing 0.1 M Fe(II) with varying pH produced broad peaks in X-ray diffraction and contained Fe and CO (sub 3) when probed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In pair distribution function (PDF) analysis, peaks are limited to interatomic distances below 1.5 nm. The peaks are well defined compared to those for amorphous calcium carbonate and differ in position from those for known iron carbonates and hydroxides, indicating that a previously unidentified nanocrystalline iron carbonate had formed. Also, Mossbauer spectra differ from that expected for known iron carbonates and suggest a less symmetric structure. Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations of Fe-carbonate clusters yield PDF peak positions that agree well with those from experiments. PDF measurements of samples aging in solution coupled with refinement with the software PDFgui show that the material transforms to siderite within hours and that the transformation rate depends on pH (Fig. 1). JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Dideriksen, K AU - Frandsen, C AU - Bovet, N AU - Wallace, A F AU - Arbour, T AU - DeYoreo, J AU - Stipp, S L S AU - Banfield, J F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 987 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - corrosion KW - carbon sequestration KW - iron KW - siderite KW - marine sediments KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - diagenesis KW - sediments KW - crystallization KW - molecular dynamics KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1469616917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Formation+and+transformation+of+nanocrystalline+iron+carbonate+precursors&rft.au=Dideriksen%2C+K%3BFrandsen%2C+C%3BBovet%2C+N%3BWallace%2C+A+F%3BArbour%2C+T%3BDeYoreo%2C+J%3BStipp%2C+S+L+S%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dideriksen&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=987&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.4 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon sequestration; carbonates; corrosion; crystallization; diagenesis; geochemistry; iron; marine sediments; metals; molecular dynamics; precipitation; sediments; siderite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Beneficial uses of engineered nanoparticles and the behavior of natural and engineered nanoparticles in the environment AN - 1469616698; 2013-100539 AB - Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs), including Ag(0), Au(0), C-nanotubes, ZnO, TiO (sub 2) , Fe (sub 3) O (sub 4) , have many beneficial uses ranging from catalysts used for efficient production of chemicals (e.g., Au(0)) and photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants (e.g., TiO (sub 2) ) to water treatment to remove As (e.g., Fe (sub 3) O (sub 4) )) and use as antibacterial agents (e.g., Ag(0) and ZnO). Here we will review some of these uses, as well as some of the transformations that ENPs undergo in different environments (e.g., sulfidation of Ag(0) and ZnO ENPs), which can significantly alter their properties (e.g., solubility) and result in lowered risk. We will also review some of the lessons learned about the behavior of ENPs from microscopic studies of engineered and natural nanoparticles, in particular the sorptive properties of Fe (sub 3) O (sub 4) ENPs in removing As from drinking water. We will also discuss some insights about the use of nanoparticles as environmental indicators gained from ab initio thermodynamics studies of the morphologies developed by NPs under different environmental conditions. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Brown, Gordon E, Jr AU - Cismasu, Cristina AU - Michel, F Marc AU - Ma, Rui AU - Wang, Yuheng AU - Calas, Georges AU - Morin, Guillaume AU - Lowry, Gregory V AU - Levard, Clement AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 778 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - zinc KW - sorption KW - utilization KW - technology KW - metals KW - silver KW - gold KW - nanoparticles KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1469616698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Beneficial+uses+of+engineered+nanoparticles+and+the+behavior+of+natural+and+engineered+nanoparticles+in+the+environment&rft.au=Brown%2C+Gordon+E%2C+Jr%3BCismasu%2C+Cristina%3BMichel%2C+F+Marc%3BMa%2C+Rui%3BWang%2C+Yuheng%3BCalas%2C+Georges%3BMorin%2C+Guillaume%3BLowry%2C+Gregory+V%3BLevard%2C+Clement%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.2 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geochemistry; gold; metals; nanoparticles; silver; sorption; technology; utilization; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple isotopic tracers to monitor remediation of uranium solution mining AN - 1469613829; 2013-100542 AB - Roll front uranium deposits form by interaction of U-bearing groundwater with reduction-oxidation gradients in the host sediments. This redox gradient in many roll-front deposits can be visually identified by hematite staining on the oxic side and green-gray sediment color on the anoxic side. A dark boundary between these two zones is concentrated in U(IV) minerals and other reduced metals such as Se and Mo. Solution mining of roll-front deposits perturbs natural redox conditions by oxidizing U (and other metals) in the main ore body for economic recovery. This perturbation coupled with an extensive monitoring well network provides a unique opportunity to assess the natural recovery of reducing conditions after the cessation of mining as a remediation strategy. We have conducted a characterization survey of groundwater, mining fluids and complimentary ore body sediment core from the Smith Ranch mine in eastern Wyoming, USA for (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr, delta (super 34) S sulfate, delta (super 238/235) U and the (super 234/238) U activity ratio. Sampling locations include both active and inactive mining sites. Monitoring wells surrounding the ore body have 4-22 ppb U, 68-413 ppm SO (sub 4) , (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity ratio 2.9-5.5, delta (super 34) S (super -) 16.6- (super -) 10.8ppm, delta (super 238) / (super 235) U is between 0-2 ppm for most samples. Acid leachates of sediment core from a previously mined unit have low (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity (0.6-1.6) compared to groundwater outside the ore zone. delta (super 34) S spans nearly 52 ppm (-48-+3.8 ppm) and most samples have delta (super 238/235) U between -2 and 0 ppm. The depletion of (super 238) U in dissolved U(VI) as indicated by negative delta (super 238/235) U suggests U(VI) reduction in the groundwater. There are no observed correlations between (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity and delta (super 238/235) U. However the U activity ratio does correlate with depth. The low ( (super 234) U/ (super 238) U) in the ore zone will be a sensitive tracer for quantifying the migration of ore zone U to uncontaminated groundwater. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Christensen, John N AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Basu, Anirban AU - Reimus, Paul W AU - Simmons, Ardyth M AU - Heikoop, Jeff AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 780 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - mining KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - U-228/U-225 KW - stable isotopes KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Wyoming KW - uranium ores KW - S-34/S-32 KW - metals KW - tracers KW - metal ores KW - sulfur KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - eastern Wyoming KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1469613829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Multiple+isotopic+tracers+to+monitor+remediation+of+uranium+solution+mining&rft.au=Brown%2C+Shaun+T%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BBasu%2C+Anirban%3BReimus%2C+Paul+W%3BSimmons%2C+Ardyth+M%3BHeikoop%2C+Jeff%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Shaun&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=780&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.2 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; eastern Wyoming; ground water; isotope ratios; isotopes; metal ores; metals; mining; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; remediation; S-34/S-32; stable isotopes; sulfur; tracers; U-228/U-225; United States; uranium; uranium ores; Wyoming DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking nm-scale characterizations of altered silicate surface to macroscopic dissolution rate laws; new insights based on diopside AN - 1469613732; 2013-100584 AB - The interfacial zone between a bulk fluid and a mineral surface is where all exchange of matter and energy occurs during chemical weathering. However, our knowledge is still limited with respect to understanding where and how the rate-determining dissolution reactions take place. A complicating factor is the commonplace formation of amorphous Si-rich surface layers (ASSL), which may hinder contact between the fluid and the mineral surface. Previous studies showed that the protective ability of ASSL critically depended on properties inherited from the parent silicate mineral, which remain yet to be unraveled. To address the role of ASSL, we investigated the dissolution of a common silicate (diopside), and related the bulk dissolution rate (determined in classical flow-through experiments) with the nanoscale dissolution rate and surface chemistry of its individual prevalent faces (by combining vertical scanning interferometry (VSI) measurements of the topography of reacted cleavages and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterizations of the ASSL). While ASSL were evidenced on all of the investigated faces, only those formed on (110) and (1-10) were passivating, thereby controlling the reactivity of the underlying faces. The (110) and (1-10) faces intersect the highest density of Mg-O-Si and Fe-O-Si bonds, and this specificity may explain the passivating behavior of the corresponding ASSL. Moreover, we evidenced an inverse relation between aqueous silica concentration and the bulk dissolution rate of crushed diopside grains, which suggest that the (110) and (1-10) faces are predominant in a powder. By considering ASSL as a separate phase that can control silicate dissolution rates, extrapolated laboratory-based rates at conditions relevant to the field can be lowered by up to several orders of magnitude, thereby decreasing the large gap between laboratory and natural rates. This has important implications for more accurately modeling chemical weathering reactions. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Daval, Damien AU - Hellmann, Roland AU - Saldi, Giuseppe D AU - Wirth, Richard AU - Knauss, Kevin G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 949 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - silicates KW - chemical weathering KW - alteration KW - experimental studies KW - mineral-water interface KW - rates KW - solution KW - weathering KW - TEM data KW - laboratory studies KW - pyroxene group KW - clinopyroxene KW - chemical reactions KW - diopside KW - weathering rates KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - chain silicates KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1469613732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Linking+nm-scale+characterizations+of+altered+silicate+surface+to+macroscopic+dissolution+rate+laws%3B+new+insights+based+on+diopside&rft.au=Daval%2C+Damien%3BHellmann%2C+Roland%3BSaldi%2C+Giuseppe+D%3BWirth%2C+Richard%3BKnauss%2C+Kevin+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daval&rft.aufirst=Damien&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=949&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.4 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; chain silicates; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; clinopyroxene; diopside; experimental studies; geochemistry; laboratory studies; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; pyroxene group; rates; silicates; solution; TEM data; weathering; weathering rates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Present state of global wetland extent and wetland methane modelling; conclusions from a model inter-comparison project (WETCHIMP) AN - 1464890072; 2013-095067 AB - Global wetlands are believed to be climate sensitive, and are the largest natural emitters of methane (CH (sub 4) ). Increased wetland CH (sub 4) emissions could act as a positive feedback to future warming. The Wetland and Wetland CH (sub 4) Inter-comparison of Models Project (WETCHIMP) investigated our present ability to simulate large-scale wetland characteristics and corresponding CH (sub 4) emissions. To ensure inter-comparability, we used a common experimental protocol driving all models with the same climate and carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) forcing datasets. The WETCHIMP experiments were conducted for model equilibrium states as well as transient simulations covering the last century. Sensitivity experiments investigated model response to changes in selected forcing inputs (precipitation, temperature, and atmospheric CO (sub 2) concentration). Ten models participated, covering the spectrum from simple to relatively complex, including models tailored either for regional or global simulations. The models also varied in methods to calculate wetland size and location, with some models simulating wetland area prognostically, while other models relied on remotely sensed inundation datasets, or an approach intermediate between the two. Four major conclusions emerged from the project. First, the suite of models demonstrate extensive disagreement in their simulations of wetland areal extent and CH (sub 4) emissions, in both space and time. Simple metrics of wetland area, such as the latitudinal gradient, show large variability, principally between models that use inundation dataset information and those that independently determine wetland area. Agreement between the models improves for zonally summed CH (sub 4) emissions, but large variation between the models remains. For annual global CH (sub 4) emissions, the models vary by + or -40% of the all-model mean (190 Tg CH (sub 4) yr (super -1) ). Second, all models show a strong positive response to increased atmospheric CO (sub 2) concentrations (857 ppm) in both CH (sub 4) emissions and wetland area. In response to increasing global temperatures (+3.4 degrees C globally spatially uniform), on average, the models decreased wetland area and CH (sub 4) fluxes, primarily in the tropics, but the magnitude and sign of the response varied greatly. Models were least sensitive to increased global precipitation (+3.9% globally spatially uniform) with a consistent small positive response in CH (sub 4) fluxes and wetland area. Results from the 20th century transient simulation show that interactions between climate forcings could have strong non-linear effects. Third, we presently do not have sufficient wetland methane observation datasets adequate to evaluate model fluxes at a spatial scale comparable to model grid cells (commonly 0.5 degrees ). This limitation severely restricts our ability to model global wetland CH (sub 4) emissions with confidence. Our simulated wetland extents are also difficult to evaluate due to extensive disagreements between wetland mapping and remotely sensed inundation datasets. Fourth, the large range in predicted CH (sub 4) emission rates leads to the conclusion that there is both substantial parameter and structural uncertainty in large-scale CH (sub 4) emission models, even after uncertainties in wetland areas are accounted for. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Melton, J R AU - Wania, R AU - Hodson, E L AU - Poulter, B AU - Ringeval, B AU - Spahni, R AU - Bohn, T AU - Avis, C A AU - Beerling, D J AU - Chen, G AU - Eliseev, A V AU - Denisov, S N AU - Hopcroft, P O AU - Lettenmaier, D P AU - Riley, W J AU - Singarayer, J S AU - Subin, Z M AU - Tian, H AU - Zuercher, S AU - Brovkin, V AU - van Bodegom, P M AU - Kleinen, T AU - Yu, Z C AU - Kaplan, J O Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 753 EP - 788 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - land cover KW - sinks KW - data processing KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - spatial distribution KW - hydrologic cycle KW - carbon KW - WETCHIMP KW - climate forcing KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - programs KW - methane KW - global KW - statistical analysis KW - atmosphere KW - alkanes KW - comparison KW - geochemical cycle KW - correlation coefficient KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - wetlands KW - hydrocarbons KW - latitude KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464890072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Present+state+of+global+wetland+extent+and+wetland+methane+modelling%3B+conclusions+from+a+model+inter-comparison+project+%28WETCHIMP%29&rft.au=Melton%2C+J+R%3BWania%2C+R%3BHodson%2C+E+L%3BPoulter%2C+B%3BRingeval%2C+B%3BSpahni%2C+R%3BBohn%2C+T%3BAvis%2C+C+A%3BBeerling%2C+D+J%3BChen%2C+G%3BEliseev%2C+A+V%3BDenisov%2C+S+N%3BHopcroft%2C+P+O%3BLettenmaier%2C+D+P%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BSingarayer%2C+J+S%3BSubin%2C+Z+M%3BTian%2C+H%3BZuercher%2C+S%3BBrovkin%2C+V%3Bvan+Bodegom%2C+P+M%3BKleinen%2C+T%3BYu%2C+Z+C%3BKaplan%2C+J+O&rft.aulast=Melton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=753&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-10-753-2013 L2 - http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg.bg.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 143 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; atmosphere; atmospheric precipitation; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; climate change; climate forcing; comparison; correlation coefficient; data processing; geochemical cycle; global; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; land cover; latitude; methane; models; organic compounds; programs; sinks; soils; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; WETCHIMP; wetlands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-753-2013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a broad-host synthetic biology toolbox for ralstonia eutropha and its application to engineering hydrocarbon biofuel production AN - 1464513933; 18812064 AB - Background: The chemoautotrophic bacterium Ralstonia eutropha can utilize H sub(2)/CO sub(2) for growth under aerobic conditions. While this microbial host has great potential to be engineered to produce desired compounds (beyond polyhydroxybutyrate) directly from CO sub(2), little work has been done to develop genetic part libraries to enable such endeavors. Results: We report the development of a toolbox for the metabolic engineering of Ralstonia eutropha H16. We have constructed a set of broad-host-range plasmids bearing a variety of origins of replication, promoters, 5' mRNA stem-loop structures, and ribosomal binding sites. Specifically, we analyzed the origins of replication pCM62 (IncP), pBBR1, pKT (IncQ), and their variants. We tested the promoters P sub(BAD), T7, P sub(xyls/PM), P sub(lacUV5), and variants thereof for inducible expression. We also evaluated a T7 mRNA stem-loop structure sequence and compared a set of ribosomal binding site (RBS) sequences derived from Escherichia coli, R. eutropha, and a computational RBS design tool. Finally, we employed the toolbox to optimize hydrocarbon production in R. eutropha and demonstrated a 6-fold titer improvement using the appropriate combination of parts. Conclusion: We constructed and evaluated a versatile synthetic biology toolbox for Ralstonia eutropha metabolic engineering that could apply to other microbial hosts as well. JF - Microbial Cell Factories AU - Bi, Changhao AU - Su, Peter AU - Mueller, Jana AU - Yeh, Yi-Chun AU - Chhabra, Swapnil R AU - Beller, Harry R AU - Singer, Steven W AU - Hillson, Nathan J AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 107 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1475-2859, 1475-2859 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Aerobic conditions KW - Replication KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Polyhydroxybutyric acid KW - metabolic engineering KW - Plasmids KW - Computer applications KW - mRNA KW - Promoters KW - Escherichia coli KW - Replication origins KW - Ralstonia eutropha KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Biofuels KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464513933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Cell+Factories&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+broad-host+synthetic+biology+toolbox+for+ralstonia+eutropha+and+its+application+to+engineering+hydrocarbon+biofuel+production&rft.au=Bi%2C+Changhao%3BSu%2C+Peter%3BMueller%2C+Jana%3BYeh%2C+Yi-Chun%3BChhabra%2C+Swapnil+R%3BBeller%2C+Harry+R%3BSinger%2C+Steven+W%3BHillson%2C+Nathan+J&rft.aulast=Bi&rft.aufirst=Changhao&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Cell+Factories&rft.issn=14752859&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1475-2859-12-107 L2 - http://www.microbialcellfactories.com/content/12/1/107 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Promoters; Aerobic conditions; Polyhydroxybutyric acid; Hydrocarbons; Replication; Replication origins; metabolic engineering; Computer applications; Plasmids; Carbon dioxide; Biofuels; mRNA; Escherichia coli; Ralstonia eutropha DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-12-107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scale-up and evaluation of high solid ionic liquid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of switchgrass AN - 1458536831; 18777725 AB - Background: Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment is receiving significant attention as a potential process that enables fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass and produces high yields of fermentable sugars suitable for the production of renewable fuels. However, successful optimization and scale up of IL pretreatment involves challenges, such as high solids loading, biomass handling and transfer, washing of pretreated solids and formation of inhibitors, which are not addressed during the development stages at the small scale in a laboratory environment. As a first in the research community, the Joint BioEnergy Institute, in collaboration with the Advanced Biofuels Process Demonstration Unit, a Department of Energy funded facility that supports academic and industrial entities in scaling their novel biofuels enabling technologies, have performed benchmark studies to identify key challenges associated with IL pretreatment using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate and subsequent enzymatic saccharification beyond bench scale. Results: Using switchgrass as the model feedstock, we have successfully executed 600-fold, relative to the bench scale (6 L vs 0.01 L), scale-up of IL pretreatment at 15% (w/w) biomass loading. Results show that IL pretreatment at 15% biomass generates a product containing 87.5% of glucan, 42.6% of xylan and only 22.8% of lignin relative to the starting material. The pretreated biomass is efficiently converted into monosaccharides during subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis at 10% loading over a 150-fold scale of operations (1.5 L vs 0.01 L) with 99.8% fermentable sugar conversion. The yield of glucose and xylose in the liquid streams were 94.8% and 62.2%, respectively, and the hydrolysate generated contains high titers of fermentable sugars (62.1 g/L of glucose and 5.4 g/L cellobiose). The overall glucan and xylan balance from pretreatment and saccharification were 95.0% and 77.1%, respectively. Enzymatic inhibition by [C sub(2)mim][OAc] at high solids loadings requires further process optimization to obtain higher yields of fermentable sugars. Conclusion: Results from this initial scale up evaluation indicate that the IL-based conversion technology can be effectively scaled to larger operations and the current study establishes the first scaling parameters for this conversion pathway but several issues must be addressed before a commercially viable technology can be realized, most notably reduction in water consumption and efficient IL recycle. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Li, Chenlin AU - Tanjore, Deepti AU - He, Wei AU - Wong, Jessica AU - Gardner, James L AU - Sale, Kenneth L AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Advanced Biofuels Process Demonstration Unit, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 154 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Scale-up KW - Pretreatment KW - Saccharification KW - Ionic liquid KW - High solid loading KW - Viscosity KW - Inhibition KW - Sugar KW - Xylose KW - cellobiose KW - Fuels KW - Glucose KW - Developmental stages KW - monosaccharides KW - Biomass KW - Acetic acid KW - Hydrolysis KW - Streams KW - Joints KW - Xylan KW - Energy KW - Lignin KW - Scaling KW - Hydrolysates KW - glucans KW - Biofuels KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1458536831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Scale-up+and+evaluation+of+high+solid+ionic+liquid+pretreatment+and+enzymatic+hydrolysis+of+switchgrass&rft.au=Li%2C+Chenlin%3BTanjore%2C+Deepti%3BHe%2C+Wei%3BWong%2C+Jessica%3BGardner%2C+James+L%3BSale%2C+Kenneth+L%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Chenlin&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-6-154 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/6/1/154 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Xylose; cellobiose; Fuels; Glucose; Developmental stages; monosaccharides; Biomass; Streams; Hydrolysis; Acetic acid; Joints; Xylan; Energy; Lignin; Scaling; Biofuels; glucans; Hydrolysates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-154 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanical and electrochemical performance of composite cathode contact materials for solid oxide fuel cells AN - 1448754489; 18681264 AB - The feasibility of adding glass or inorganic binder to conventional SOFC cathode contact materials (CCM) in order to improve bonding to adjacent materials in the cell stack is assessed. Two glasses (SEM-COM SCZ-8 and Schott GM31107) and one inorganic binder (Aremco 644A) are mixed with LSM particles to produce composite CCM pastes. These are used to bond Mn sub(1.5)Co sub(1.5)O sub(4)-coated stainless steel mesh current collectors to anode-supported button cells. The cells are operated at 800 degree C for about 1000 h. The cell with SCZ-8 addition to the CCM displays quite stable operation (3.9%/1000 h degradation), whereas the other additives lead to somewhat higher degradation rate. Bonding of the CCM to coated stainless steel coupons is also assessed. Interfacial fracture toughness is determined using a four-point bend test. The fracture toughness for LSM-Schott glass (12.3 N mm super(-1)), LSM-SCZ-8 glass (6.8 N mm super(-1)) and LSM-644A binder (5.4 N mm super(-1)) are significantly improved relative to pure LSM (1.7 N mm super(-1)). Indeed, addition of binder or glass is found to improve bonding of the CCM layer without sacrificing cell performance. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Tucker, M C AU - DeJonghe, L C AU - Garcia-Negron, V AU - Trejo, R AU - Lara-Curzio, E AD - Environmental Energy Technology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, mctucker@lbl.gov PY - 2013 SP - 315 EP - 320 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 239 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Composite materials KW - Fuel technology KW - Degradation KW - Steel KW - Particulates KW - Electrochemistry KW - Additives KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448754489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Mechanical+and+electrochemical+performance+of+composite+cathode+contact+materials+for+solid+oxide+fuel+cells&rft.au=Tucker%2C+M+C%3BDeJonghe%2C+L+C%3BGarcia-Negron%2C+V%3BTrejo%2C+R%3BLara-Curzio%2C+E&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=239&rft.issue=&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Fuel technology; Composite materials; Degradation; Particulates; Steel; Electrochemistry; Additives ER - TY - JOUR T1 - BIOCOMPOSITES OF PHEMA WITH HA/BETA-TCP (60/40) FOR BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING: SWELLING, HYDROLYTIC DEGRADATION, AND IN VITRO BEHAVIOUR AN - 1448747903; 18682108 AB - The field of bone and cartilage tissue engineering has a need for novel, biocompatible, biodegradable biocomposites comprising polymers with bioceramics or bioglasses. Hydrolytically degradable hydrogel/bioceramic biocomposites, comprising poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) hydrogels and 50 wt% biphasic hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate (60/40), were developed through in-situ polymerisation. The hydrolytic degradation started with hydrolysis of the cross-linker, N,O-dimethacryloyl hydroxylamine, which was synthesised in-house. Swelling and degradation were examined in detail in a phosphate buffered saline solution at 37 C over 12 weeks. To vary degradability, a co-monomer, acrylic acid (AA) or 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide (HPMA), was introduced, coupled with altering the concentration of the cross-linker and of the bioceramic. The co-monomer HPMA was found to be more effective than AA in enhancing degradation, though AA led to greater swelling ratios. 33% weight loss was achieved in some of the biocomposites containing HPMA. Porous structures were developed during swelling and degradation in biocomposites with AA but not in those containing HPMA, suggesting different degradation mechanisms: bulk erosion vs. bulk degradation. Good biocompatibility, as shown by attachment and proliferation of mouse-derived osteoblast precursor cells from the MC3T3-E1 lineage, was seen in these biomaterials, regardless of the type of the co-monomer. The rationale and approaches used open up new opportunities for creating novel, complex organic-inorganic biomaterials in orthopaedic tissue engineering. JF - Polymer AU - Huang, J AU - Ten, E AU - Liu, G AU - Finzen, M AU - Yu, W AU - Lee, J S AU - Saiz, E AU - Tomsia, A P AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1197 EP - 1207 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0032-3861, 0032-3861 KW - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - ACRYLIC ACID KW - BETA TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE KW - BIOCERAMIC KW - BIOCOMPATIBILITY KW - BIOCOMPATIBLE KW - BIODEGRADABLE KW - BIOMATERIAL KW - BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION KW - BONE REGENERATION KW - BONE TISSUE KW - CALCIUM PHOSPHATE KW - CELL KW - CELL ADHESION KW - CELL CULTURE KW - CELL PROLIFERATION KW - COMPOSITE KW - COMPOSITION KW - CROSSLINKING AGENT KW - DEGRADABLE KW - DEGRADATION KW - HYDROGEL KW - HYDROLYTIC KW - HYDROLYTIC STABILITY KW - HYDROXYAPATITE KW - IN-VITRO KW - MONOMER KW - ORTHOPAEDIC KW - OSTEOBLAST KW - PHOSPHATE BUFFERED SALINE KW - POLYHYDROXYETHYLMETHACRYLATE KW - POLYMER KW - POLYMER-CERAMIC COMPOSITE KW - POROUS KW - SWELLING KW - SWELLING RATIO KW - TECHNICAL KW - TISSUE ENGINEERING KW - TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE KW - WEIGHT LOSS KW - Hydroxylamine KW - Biocompatibility KW - Cartilage KW - Acrylic acid KW - Tissue engineering KW - Hydrolysis KW - Biodegradability KW - Osteoblasts KW - Hydroxyapatite KW - Glial stem cells KW - Phosphate KW - hydrogels KW - Biomaterials KW - Osteoprogenitor cells KW - Cell proliferation KW - Degradability KW - T 2030:Cartilage and Cartilage Diseases KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448747903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polymer&rft.atitle=BIOCOMPOSITES+OF+PHEMA+WITH+HA%2FBETA-TCP+%2860%2F40%29+FOR+BONE+TISSUE+ENGINEERING%3A+SWELLING%2C+HYDROLYTIC+DEGRADATION%2C+AND+IN+VITRO+BEHAVIOUR&rft.au=Huang%2C+J%3BTen%2C+E%3BLiu%2C+G%3BFinzen%2C+M%3BYu%2C+W%3BLee%2C+J+S%3BSaiz%2C+E%3BTomsia%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Polymer&rft.issn=00323861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydroxylamine; Biocompatibility; Cartilage; Acrylic acid; Tissue engineering; Biodegradability; Hydrolysis; Hydroxyapatite; Osteoblasts; Glial stem cells; hydrogels; Phosphate; Osteoprogenitor cells; Biomaterials; Cell proliferation; Degradability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water Resources Research AN - 1434008711; 2013-072289 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Jung, Yoojin AU - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - January 2013 SP - 644 EP - 646 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - numerical models KW - pumping KW - data processing KW - mathematical models KW - inverse problem KW - equations KW - preferential flow KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - fractures KW - theoretical studies KW - fluid injection KW - boreholes KW - transient phenomena KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - velocity KW - testing KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434008711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.au=Jung%2C+Yoojin%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Yoojin&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2012WR012827 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Jung, Y. and Pruess, K., Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, W03504, 2012; for reference to discussion see Maier, F. and Kocabas, I., Water Resources Research, Vol. 49, p. 640-643, 2013________________________________________ N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boreholes; data processing; digital simulation; equations; fluid injection; fractures; ground water; inverse problem; mathematical models; numerical models; preferential flow; pumping; temperature; testing; theoretical studies; transient phenomena; transport; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012WR012827 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of hydroxycinnamoyl anthranilates from glucose in Escherichia coli AN - 1419361847; 18272780 AB - Background: Oats contain hydroxycinnamoyl anthranilates, also named avenanthramides (Avn), which have beneficial health properties because of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effects. The microbial production of hydroxycinnamoyl anthranilates is an eco-friendly alternative to chemical synthesis or purification from plant sources. We recently demonstrated in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) that coexpression of 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) from Arabidopsis thaliana and hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyl-CoA/anthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyltransferase (HCBT) from Dianthus caryophyllusenabled the biological production of several cinnamoyl anthranilates upon feeding with anthranilate and various cinnamates. Using engineering strategies to overproduce anthranilate and hydroxycinnamates, we describe here an entire pathway for the microbial synthesis of two Avns from glucose in Escherichia coli. Results: We first showed that coexpression of HCBT and Nt4CL1 from tobacco in the E. coli anthranilate-accumulating strain W3110 trpD9923 allowed the production of Avn D [N-(4'-hydroxycinnamoyl)-anthranilic acid] and Avn F [N-(3',4'-dihydroxycinnamoyl)-anthranilic acid] upon feeding with p-coumarate and caffeate, respectively. Moreover, additional expression in this strain of a tyrosine ammonia-lyase from Rhodotorula glutinis (RgTAL) led to the conversion of endogenous tyrosine into p-coumarate and resulted in the production of Avn D from glucose. Second, a 135-fold improvement in Avn D titer was achieved by boosting tyrosine production using two plasmids that express the eleven genes necessary for tyrosine synthesis from erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate. Finally, expression of either the p-coumarate 3-hydroxylase Sam5 from Saccharothrix espanensis or the hydroxylase complex HpaBC from E. coli resulted in the endogenous production of caffeate and biosynthesis of Avn F. Conclusion: We established a biosynthetic pathway for the microbial production of valuable hydroxycinnamoyl anthranilates from an inexpensive carbon source. The proposed pathway will serve as a platform for further engineering toward economical and sustainable bioproduction of these pharmaceuticals and other related aromatic compounds. JF - Microbial Cell Factories AU - Eudes, Aymerick AU - Juminaga, Darmawi AU - Baidoo, Edward E K AU - Collins, F William AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Loque, Dominique AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 62 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1475-2859, 1475-2859 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Feeding KW - Antioxidants KW - Glucose KW - Dianthus KW - Tyrosine KW - Carbon sources KW - Plasmids KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Inflammation KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - Escherichia coli KW - Tobacco KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Saccharothrix KW - Purification KW - Hydroxylase KW - Rhodotorula glutinis KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - W 30930:Agricultural Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1419361847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Cell+Factories&rft.atitle=Production+of+hydroxycinnamoyl+anthranilates+from+glucose+in+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Eudes%2C+Aymerick%3BJuminaga%2C+Darmawi%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward+E+K%3BCollins%2C+F+William%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BLoque%2C+Dominique&rft.aulast=Eudes&rft.aufirst=Aymerick&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=62&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Cell+Factories&rft.issn=14752859&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1475-2859-12-62 L2 - http://www.microbialcellfactories.com/content/12/1/62 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feeding; Antioxidants; Aromatic compounds; Tobacco; Glucose; Pharmaceuticals; Tyrosine; Carbon sources; Purification; Hydroxylase; Plasmids; Inflammation; Arabidopsis thaliana; Escherichia coli; Dianthus; Saccharothrix; Rhodotorula glutinis; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-12-62 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Addition of a carbohydrate-binding module enhances cellulase penetration into cellulose substrates AN - 1419360134; 18272899 AB - Introduction: Cellulases are of great interest for application in biomass degradation, yet the molecular details of the mode of action of glycoside hydrolases during degradation of insoluble cellulose remain elusive. To further improve these enzymes for application at industrial conditions, it is critical to gain a better understanding of not only the details of the degradation process, but also the function of accessory modules. Method: We fused a carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) from family 2a to two thermophilic endoglucanases. We then applied neutron reflectometry to determine the mechanism of the resulting enhancements. Results: Catalytic activity of the chimeric enzymes was enhanced up to three fold on insoluble cellulose substrates as compared to wild type. Importantly, we demonstrate that the wild type enzymes affect primarily the surface properties of an amorphous cellulose film, while the chimeras containing a CBM alter the bulk properties of the amorphous film. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the CBM improves the efficiency of these cellulases by enabling digestion within the bulk of the film. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Reyes-Ortiz, Vimalier AU - Heins, Richard A AU - Cheng, Gang AU - Kim, Edward Y AU - Vernon, Briana C AU - Elandt, Ryan B AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Sale, Kenneth L AU - Hadi, Masood Z AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Kent, Michael S AU - Tullman-Ercek, Danielle AD - Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, US Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 93 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cellulases KW - Endoglucanases KW - Carbohydrate-Binding modules KW - Cellulose model films KW - Neutron reflectometry KW - Endoglucanase KW - Digestion KW - Neutrons KW - Chimeras KW - Surface properties KW - Cellulose KW - Enzymes KW - glycoside hydrolase KW - Biomass KW - Cellulase KW - Biofuels KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1419360134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Addition+of+a+carbohydrate-binding+module+enhances+cellulase+penetration+into+cellulose+substrates&rft.au=Reyes-Ortiz%2C+Vimalier%3BHeins%2C+Richard+A%3BCheng%2C+Gang%3BKim%2C+Edward+Y%3BVernon%2C+Briana+C%3BElandt%2C+Ryan+B%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D%3BSale%2C+Kenneth+L%3BHadi%2C+Masood+Z%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BKent%2C+Michael+S%3BTullman-Ercek%2C+Danielle&rft.aulast=Reyes-Ortiz&rft.aufirst=Vimalier&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-6-93 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/6/1/93 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Neutrons; Digestion; Endoglucanase; Chimeras; Surface properties; Cellulose; glycoside hydrolase; Enzymes; Biomass; Biofuels; Cellulase DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-93 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Huge isotope effect in VUV photodissociation of N (sub 2) ; implications for meteorite data AN - 1400620859; 2013-057226 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Chakraborty, Subrata AU - Jackson, Teresa L AU - Muskatel, B H AU - Ahmed, Musahid AU - Levine, R D AU - Thiemens, M H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 EP - Abstract No. 1043 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 44 KW - solar system KW - isotope fractionation KW - ammonium KW - experimental studies KW - N-15/N-14 KW - dissociation KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - enrichment KW - photochemistry KW - self-shielding KW - cosmochemistry KW - stable isotopes KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - nitrogen KW - wavelength KW - synchrotron radiation KW - meteorites KW - organic compounds KW - electromagnetic radiation KW - vacuum ultraviolet radiation KW - photolysis KW - theoretical models KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400620859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Huge+isotope+effect+in+VUV+photodissociation+of+N+%28sub+2%29+%3B+implications+for+meteorite+data&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+Subrata%3BJackson%2C+Teresa+L%3BMuskatel%2C+B+H%3BAhmed%2C+Musahid%3BLevine%2C+R+D%3BThiemens%2C+M+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=Subrata&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/1043.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 44th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 5, 2013 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium; cosmochemistry; dissociation; electromagnetic radiation; enrichment; experimental studies; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; meteorites; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; organic compounds; photochemistry; photolysis; self-shielding; solar system; stable isotopes; synchrotron radiation; theoretical models; ultraviolet radiation; vacuum ultraviolet radiation; wavelength ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic carbon inventory of the Tissint Meteorite AN - 1400620815; 2013-057274 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Steele, A AU - McCubbin, F M AU - Benning, L G AU - Siljestrom, S S AU - Cody, G D AU - Goreva, Y AU - Hauri, E H AU - Wang, J AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Grady, M AU - Smith, C AU - Freissinet, C AU - Glavin, D P AU - Burton, A S AU - Fries, M D AU - Blanco, J D R AU - Glamoclija, M AU - Rogers, K L AU - Mikhail, S AU - Dworkin, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 EP - Abstract No. 2854 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 44 KW - silicates KW - stony meteorites KW - ion probe data KW - Martian meteorites KW - mass spectra KW - metasomatism KW - nitrogen KW - confocal Raman imaging spectroscopy KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - aluminosilicates KW - carbon KW - amino acids KW - inclusions KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - spectra KW - organic carbon KW - achondrites KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - EDS spectra KW - aqueous alteration KW - Tissint Meteorite KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - Raman spectra KW - shergottite KW - NanoSIMS KW - maskelynite KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400620815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Organic+carbon+inventory+of+the+Tissint+Meteorite&rft.au=Steele%2C+A%3BMcCubbin%2C+F+M%3BBenning%2C+L+G%3BSiljestrom%2C+S+S%3BCody%2C+G+D%3BGoreva%2C+Y%3BHauri%2C+E+H%3BWang%2C+J%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BGrady%2C+M%3BSmith%2C+C%3BFreissinet%2C+C%3BGlavin%2C+D+P%3BBurton%2C+A+S%3BFries%2C+M+D%3BBlanco%2C+J+D+R%3BGlamoclija%2C+M%3BRogers%2C+K+L%3BMikhail%2C+S%3BDworkin%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/2854.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 44th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 7, 2013 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; aluminosilicates; amino acids; aqueous alteration; carbon; confocal Raman imaging spectroscopy; EDS spectra; hydrothermal alteration; inclusions; ion probe data; Martian meteorites; maskelynite; mass spectra; metasomatism; meteorites; NanoSIMS; nitrogen; organic acids; organic carbon; organic compounds; Raman spectra; shergottite; silicates; SNC Meteorites; spectra; stony meteorites; TEM data; Tissint Meteorite; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Invasion of drilling mud into gas-hydrate-bearing sediments; Part I, Effect of drilling mud properties AN - 1400618163; 2013-054153 AB - To our knowledge, this study is the first to perform a numerical simulation and analysis of the dynamic behaviour of drilling mud invasion into oceanic gas-hydrate-bearing sediment (GHBS) and to consider the effects of such an invasion on borehole stability and the reliability of well logging. As a case study, the simulation background sets up the conditions of mud temperature over hydrate equilibrium temperature and overbalanced drilling, considering the first Chinese expedition to drill gas hydrate (GMGS-1). The results show that dissociating gas may form secondary hydrates in the sediment around borehole by the combined effects of increased pore pressure (caused by mud invasion and flow resistance), endothermic cooling that accompanies hydrate dissociation compounded by the Joule-Thompson effect and the lagged effect of heat transfer in sediments. The secondary hydrate ring around the borehole may be more highly saturated than the in situ sediment. Mud invasion in GHBS is a dynamic process of thermal, fluid (mud invasion), chemical (hydrate dissociation and reformation) and mechanical couplings. All of these factors interact and influence the pore pressure, flow ability, saturation of fluid and hydrates, mechanical parameters and electrical properties of sediments around the borehole, thereby having a strong effect on borehole stability and the results of well logging. The effect is particularly clear in the borehole SH7 of GMGS-1 project. The borehole collapse and resistivity distortion were observed during practical drilling and wireline logging operations in borehole SH7 of the GMGS-1.mud density (i.e. the corresponding borehole pressure), temperature and salinity have a marked influence on the dynamics of mud invasion and on hydrate stability. Therefore, perhaps well-logging distortion caused by mud invasion, hydrate dissociation and reformation should be considered for identifying and evaluating gas hydrate reservoirs. And some suitable drilling measurements need to be adopted to reduce the risk of well-logging distortion and borehole instability. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Ning, Fulong AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Wu, Nengyou AU - Zhang, Ling AU - Li, Gang AU - Jiang, Guosheng AU - Yu, Yibing AU - Liu, Li AU - Qin, Yinghong Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1370 EP - 1384 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 193 IS - 3 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - petroleum exploration KW - technology KW - gas hydrates KW - well-logging KW - stability KW - petroleum KW - downhole methods KW - simulation KW - West Pacific KW - drilling muds KW - boreholes KW - saturation KW - North Pacific KW - marine methods KW - Pacific Ocean KW - sediments KW - drilling KW - bathymetry KW - ocean floors KW - Northwest Pacific KW - South China Sea KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400618163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Invasion+of+drilling+mud+into+gas-hydrate-bearing+sediments%3B+Part+I%2C+Effect+of+drilling+mud+properties&rft.au=Ning%2C+Fulong%3BZhang%2C+Keni%3BWu%2C+Nengyou%3BZhang%2C+Ling%3BLi%2C+Gang%3BJiang%2C+Guosheng%3BYu%2C+Yibing%3BLiu%2C+Li%3BQin%2C+Yinghong&rft.aulast=Ning&rft.aufirst=Fulong&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1370&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://gji.oxfordjournals.org/content/193/3/1370.abstract http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; boreholes; downhole methods; drilling; drilling muds; gas hydrates; marine methods; North Pacific; Northwest Pacific; ocean floors; Pacific Ocean; petroleum; petroleum exploration; saturation; sediments; simulation; South China Sea; stability; technology; well-logging; West Pacific ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Invasion of drilling mud into gas-hydrate-bearing sediments; Part II, Effects of geophysical properties of sediments AN - 1400618158; 2013-054154 AB - This study examines the dynamic behaviour of drilling-mud invasion into gas-hydrate-bearing sediment (GHBS) and the effects of such an invasion on wellbore stability and the reliability of well logging. The effects of mud properties on mud invasion into the GHBS are detailed in Part I. Here, we discuss the effects of sediment properties on mud invasion by considering the Chinese first gas-hydrate-drilling expedition in the South China Sea and other hydrate projects. Our simulation results further show that mud-invasion coupling hydrate dissociation and reformation is the main unique characteristic observed during mud invasion in GHBS compared with conventional oil/gas sediments. The appearance of a high-saturation hydrate ring during mud-invasion process is related to not only mud density, temperature and salinity but also sediment properties. On the whole, the effective permeability and initial hydrate saturation plays a critical role in mud invasion in GHBS. The effect of initial hydrate saturation, which corresponds to effective permeability and porosity on the mud invasion in SH7 is pronounced because initial hydrate saturations vary greatly. For pore-filling GHBS without fractures, well-logging results in high-saturation hydrate intervals are more reliable and accurate than those in low-saturation hydrate intervals. The log results at the interbeds with low-saturation hydrates are easily distorted by mud invasion. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Ning, Fulong AU - Wu, Nengyou AU - Yu, Yibing AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Jiang, Guosheng AU - Zhang, Ling AU - Sun, Jiaxin AU - Zheng, Mingming Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1385 EP - 1398 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 193 IS - 3 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - petroleum engineering KW - technology KW - gas hydrates KW - well-logging KW - stability KW - mechanical properties KW - downhole methods KW - West Pacific KW - physical properties KW - drilling muds KW - North Pacific KW - pore pressure KW - marine methods KW - Pacific Ocean KW - drilling KW - ocean floors KW - Northwest Pacific KW - South China Sea KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400618158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Invasion+of+drilling+mud+into+gas-hydrate-bearing+sediments%3B+Part+II%2C+Effects+of+geophysical+properties+of+sediments&rft.au=Ning%2C+Fulong%3BWu%2C+Nengyou%3BYu%2C+Yibing%3BZhang%2C+Keni%3BJiang%2C+Guosheng%3BZhang%2C+Ling%3BSun%2C+Jiaxin%3BZheng%2C+Mingming&rft.aulast=Ning&rft.aufirst=Fulong&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://gji.oxfordjournals.org/content/193/3/1385.abstract http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 80 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - downhole methods; drilling; drilling muds; gas hydrates; marine methods; mechanical properties; North Pacific; Northwest Pacific; ocean floors; Pacific Ocean; petroleum engineering; physical properties; pore pressure; South China Sea; stability; technology; well-logging; West Pacific ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient pre-conditioned iterative solution strategies for the electromagnetic diffusion in the Earth; finite-element frequency-domain approach AN - 1400617563; 2013-054159 AB - We formulate a 3-D finite-element frequency-domain (FEFD) solution for electromagnetic (EM) diffusion and present efficient solution strategies. A system of FEFD equations is pre-conditioned by incomplete LU (ILU) and subsequently solved by the quasi-minimal residual (QMR) method. A rule of thumb for choosing an effective drop tolerance of ILU is proposed. When multiple sources are simulated in a given model, ILU is computed only once and is reused as a pre-conditioner for multiple QMR computations with different source vectors. Resulting solution vectors are also bootstrapped to reduce the number of QMR iterations required for the convergence. We demonstrate that when conductivity structures of an earth model and source frequencies are updated/perturbed, ILU that is computed from the previous model is still an effective and useful pre-conditioner for new forward modelling problems. Using the reusability of ILU, we also propose a new efficient way to overcome the slow convergence rate of the iterative FEFD solution in the static limit. We show that the reuse of ILU and solution bootstrapping serve as effective strategies for improving the computational efficiency of the iterative FEFD solution. Finally, we apply the proposed efficient solution strategies to marine EM survey scenarios in complex offshore models and further demonstrate their effectiveness. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Um, Evan Schankee AU - Commer, Michael AU - Newman, Gregory A Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1460 EP - 1473 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 193 IS - 3 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - models KW - finite element analysis KW - diffusion KW - iterative methods KW - marine methods KW - mathematical methods KW - geophysical methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - data processing KW - algorithms KW - frequency domain analysis KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400617563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Efficient+pre-conditioned+iterative+solution+strategies+for+the+electromagnetic+diffusion+in+the+Earth%3B+finite-element+frequency-domain+approach&rft.au=Um%2C+Evan+Schankee%3BCommer%2C+Michael%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://gji.oxfordjournals.org/content/193/3/1460.abstract http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; data processing; diffusion; electromagnetic methods; finite element analysis; frequency domain analysis; geophysical methods; iterative methods; marine methods; mathematical methods; models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of sugar content for ionic liquid pretreated Douglas-fir woodchips and forestry residues AN - 1372062072; 18155811 AB - Background: The development of affordable woody biomass feedstocks represents a significant opportunity in the development of cellulosic biofuels. Primary woodchips produced by forest mills are considered an ideal feedstock, but the prices they command on the market are currently too expensive for biorefineries. In comparison, forestry residues represent a potential low-cost input but are considered a more challenging feedstock for sugar production due to complexities in composition and potential contamination arising from soil that may be present. We compare the sugar yields, changes in composition in Douglas-fir woodchips and forestry residues after pretreatment using ionic liquids and enzymatic saccharification in order to determine if this approach can efficiently liberate fermentable sugars. Results: These samples were either mechanically milled through a 2 mm mesh or pretreated as received with the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [C sub(2)mim][OAc] at 120 degree C and 160 degree C. IL pretreatment of Douglas-fir woodchips and forestry residues resulted in approximately 71-92% glucose yields after enzymatic saccharification. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the pretreated cellulose was less crystalline after IL pretreatment as compared to untreated control samples. Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D-NMR) revealed changes in lignin and hemicellulose structure and composition as a function of pretreatment. Mass balances of sugar and lignin streams for both the Douglas-fir woodchips and forestry residues throughout the pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification processes are presented. Conclusions: While the highest sugar yields were observed with the Douglas-fir woodchips, reasonably high sugar yields were obtained from forestry residues after ionic liquid pretreatment. Structural changes to lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the woodchips and forestry residues of Douglas-fir after [C sub(2)mim][OAc] pretreatment are analyzed by XRD and 2D-NMR, and indicate that significant changes occurred. Irrespective of the particle sizes used in this study, ionic liquid pretreatment successfully allowed high glucose yields after enzymatic saccharification. These results indicate that forestry residues may be a more viable feedstock than previously thought for the production of biofuels. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Socha, Aaron M AU - Plummer, Samuel P AU - Stavila, Vitalie AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Avenue, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 61 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Lignocellulose KW - Biomass pretreatment KW - Ionic liquid pretreatment KW - Douglas-fir KW - Softwood KW - Woodchips KW - Forestry residues KW - 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate KW - Fuel technology KW - Contamination KW - Cellulose KW - Glucose KW - Forests KW - Spectroscopy KW - Streams KW - Soil KW - N.M.R. KW - Forestry KW - Particle size KW - Sugar KW - Residues KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Biomass KW - Acetic acid KW - hemicellulose KW - Soil pollution KW - Lignin KW - Biotechnology KW - Biofuels KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372062072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+sugar+content+for+ionic+liquid+pretreated+Douglas-fir+woodchips+and+forestry+residues&rft.au=Socha%2C+Aaron+M%3BPlummer%2C+Samuel+P%3BStavila%2C+Vitalie%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Socha&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-6-61 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/6/1/61 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Sugar; Contamination; Cellulose; Glucose; Forests; Biomass; Spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; Streams; Acetic acid; hemicellulose; Soil pollution; Lignin; N.M.R.; Biofuels; Forestry; Soil; Fuel technology; Residues; Biotechnology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-61 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of high biomass loading on ionic liquid pretreatment AN - 1352294377; 18007739 AB - Background: Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment has shown great potential as a novel pretreatment technology with high sugar yields. To improve process economics of pretreatment, higher biomass loading is desirable. The goal of this work is to establish, the impact of high biomass loading of switchgrass on IL pretreatment in terms of viscosity, cellulose crystallinity, chemical composition, saccharification kinetics, and sugar yield. Results: The pretreated switchgrass/IL slurries show frequency dependent shear thinning behavior. The switchgrass/IL slurries show a crossover from viscous behavior at 3 wt% to elastic behavior at 10 wt%. The relative glucan content of the recovered solid samples is observed to decrease with increasing levels of lignin and hemicelluloses with increased biomass loading. The IL pretreatment led to a transformation of cellulose crystalline structure from I to II for 3, 10, 20 and 30 wt% samples, while a mostly amorphous structure was found for 40 and 50 wt% samples. Conclusions: IL pretreatment effectively reduced the biomass recalcitrance at loadings as high as 50 wt%. Increased shear viscosity and a transition from 'fluid' like to 'solid' like behavior was observed with increased biomass loading. At high biomass loadings shear stress produced shear thinning behavior and a reduction in viscosity by two orders of magnitude, thereby reducing the complex viscosity to values similar to lower loadings. The rheological properties and sugar yields indicate that 10 to 50 wt% may be a reasonable and desirable target for IL pretreatment under certain operating conditions. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Cruz, Alejandro G AU - Scullin, Chessa AU - Mu, Chen AU - Cheng, Gang AU - Stavila, Vitalie AU - Varanasi, Patanjali AU - Xu, Dongyan AU - Mentel, Jeff AU - Chuang, Yi-De AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 52 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Ionic liquid pretreatment KW - Biofuels KW - High biomass loading KW - Rheology KW - Cellulose crystallinity KW - Transformation KW - Sugar KW - Crystallinity KW - Cellulose KW - Biomass KW - hemicellulose KW - Mechanical stimuli KW - Thinning KW - Viscosity KW - Kinetics KW - Slurries KW - Economics KW - Lignin KW - glucans KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1352294377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Impact+of+high+biomass+loading+on+ionic+liquid+pretreatment&rft.au=Cruz%2C+Alejandro+G%3BScullin%2C+Chessa%3BMu%2C+Chen%3BCheng%2C+Gang%3BStavila%2C+Vitalie%3BVaranasi%2C+Patanjali%3BXu%2C+Dongyan%3BMentel%2C+Jeff%3BChuang%2C+Yi-De%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Cruz&rft.aufirst=Alejandro&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-6-52 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/6/1/52 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; Sugar; Crystallinity; Cellulose; Biomass; Mechanical stimuli; hemicellulose; Thinning; Viscosity; Slurries; Kinetics; Lignin; Economics; glucans; Biofuels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-52 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production and extraction of sugars from switchgrass hydrolyzed in ionic liquids AN - 1348488483; 17901839 AB - Background: The use of Ionic liquids (ILs) as biomass solvents is considered to be an attractive alternative for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Acid catalysts have been used previously to hydrolyze polysaccharides into fermentable sugars during IL pretreatment. This could potentially provide a means of liberating fermentable sugars from biomass without the use of costly enzymes. However, the separation of the sugars from the aqueous IL and recovery of IL is challenging and imperative to make this process viable. Results: Aqueous alkaline solutions are used to induce the formation of a biphasic system to recover sugars produced from the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of switchgrass in imidazolium-based ILs. The amount of sugar produced from this process was proportional to the extent of biomass solubilized. Pretreatment at high temperatures (e.g., 160 degree C, 1.5 h) was more effective in producing glucose. Sugar extraction into the alkali phase was dependent on both the amount of sugar produced by acidolysis and the alkali concentration in the aqueous extractant phase. Maximum yields of 53% glucose and 88% xylose are recovered in the alkali phase, based on the amounts present in the initial biomass. The partition coefficients of glucose and xylose between the IL and alkali phases can be accurately predicted using molecular dynamics simulations. Conclusions: This biphasic system may enable the facile recycling of IL and rapid recovery of the sugars, and provides an alternative route to the production of monomeric sugars from biomass that eliminates the need for enzymatic saccharification and also reduces the amount of water required. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Sun, Ning AU - Liu, Hanbin AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Stavila, Vitalie AU - Sawant, Manali AU - Bonito, Anaise AU - Tran, Kim AU - George, Anthe AU - Sale, Kenneth L AU - Singh, Seema AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Holmes, Bradley M AD - Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 39 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Sugar extraction KW - Ionic liquids KW - Acidolysis KW - Aqueous biphasic system KW - Temperature effects KW - Fuel technology KW - Sugar KW - Xylose KW - Solvents KW - Glucose KW - Simulation KW - Enzymes KW - Polysaccharides KW - Recycling KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - Waste management KW - Extractants KW - Catalysts KW - Alkalis KW - Biotechnology KW - Biofuels KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1348488483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Production+and+extraction+of+sugars+from+switchgrass+hydrolyzed+in+ionic+liquids&rft.au=Sun%2C+Ning%3BLiu%2C+Hanbin%3BSathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BStavila%2C+Vitalie%3BSawant%2C+Manali%3BBonito%2C+Anaise%3BTran%2C+Kim%3BGeorge%2C+Anthe%3BSale%2C+Kenneth+L%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BHolmes%2C+Bradley+M&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Ning&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-6-39 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/6/1/39 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Sugar; Xylose; Glucose; Solvents; Enzymes; Biomass; Recycling; Polysaccharides; Hydrolysis; Extractants; Catalysts; Alkalis; Biofuels; Fuel technology; Simulation; Biotechnology; Waste management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-39 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Survey of renewable chemicals produced from lignocellulosic biomass during ionic liquid pretreatment AN - 1315618439; 17721102 AB - Background: Lignin is often overlooked in the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass, but lignin-based materials and chemicals represent potential value-added products for biorefineries that could significantly improve the economics of a biorefinery. Fluctuating crude oil prices and changing fuel specifications are some of the driving factors to develop new technologies that could be used to convert polymeric lignin into low molecular weight lignin and or monomeric aromatic feedstocks to assist in the displacement of the current products associated with the conversion of a whole barrel of oil. We present an approach to produce these chemicals based on the selective breakdown of lignin during ionic liquid pretreatment. Results: The lignin breakdown products generated are found to be dependent on the starting biomass, and significant levels were generated on dissolution at 160 degree C for 6 hrs. Guaiacol was produced on dissolution of biomass and technical lignins. Vanillin was produced on dissolution of kraft lignin and eucalytpus. Syringol and allyl guaiacol were the major products observed on dissolution of switchgrass and pine, respectively, whereas syringol and allyl syringol were obtained by dissolution of eucalyptus. Furthermore, it was observed that different lignin-derived products could be generated by tuning the process conditions. Conclusions: We have developed an ionic liquid based process that depolymerizes lignin and converts the low molecular weight lignin fractions into a variety of renewable chemicals from biomass. The generated chemicals (phenols, guaiacols, syringols, eugenol, catechols), their oxidized products (vanillin, vanillic acid, syringaldehyde) and their easily derivatized hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, biphenyls and cyclohexane) already have relatively high market value as commodity and specialty chemicals, green building materials, nylons, and resins. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Varanasi, Patanjali AU - Singh, Priyanka AU - Auer, Manfred AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Joint Bioenergy Institute, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 14 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Lignin valorization KW - Ionic liquid pretreatment KW - Renewable chemicals KW - Biofuels KW - Chemicals KW - Fuel technology KW - Toluene KW - Eucalyptus KW - Catechol KW - Oil KW - Crude oil KW - Xylene KW - Cyclohexane KW - Economics KW - eugenol KW - Nylon KW - Styrene KW - Resins KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Guaiacol KW - syringaldehyde KW - vanillin KW - Biomass KW - Phenols KW - Biphenyl KW - Lignin KW - Dissolution KW - Biotechnology KW - Aromatics KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1315618439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Survey+of+renewable+chemicals+produced+from+lignocellulosic+biomass+during+ionic+liquid+pretreatment&rft.au=Varanasi%2C+Patanjali%3BSingh%2C+Priyanka%3BAuer%2C+Manfred%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Varanasi&rft.aufirst=Patanjali&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-6-14 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/6/1/14 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Styrene; Nylon; Resins; Hydrocarbons; Guaiacol; syringaldehyde; Biomass; vanillin; Phenols; Catechol; Oil; Biphenyl; Xylene; Cyclohexane; Lignin; Economics; eugenol; Dissolution; Aromatics; Chemicals; Fuel technology; Crude oil; Toluene; Biofuels; Biotechnology; Eucalyptus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cyanobacterial-based approaches to improving photosynthesis in plants AN - 1315613911; 17646522 AB - Plants rely on the Calvin-Benson (CB) cycle for CO sub(2) fixation. The key carboxylase of the CB cycle is ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO). Efforts to enhance carbon fixation in plants have traditionally focused on RubisCO or on approaches that can help to remedy RubisCO's undesirable traits: its low catalytic efficiency and photorespiration. Towards reaching the goal of improving plant photosynthesis, cyanobacteria may be instrumental. Because of their evolutionary relationship to chloroplasts, they represent ideal model organisms for photosynthesis research. Furthermore, the molecular understanding of cyanobacterial carbon fixation provides a rich source of strategies that can be exploited for the bioengineering of chloroplasts. These strategies include the cyanobacterial carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM), which consists of active and passive transporter systems for inorganic carbon and a specialized organelle, the carboxysome. The carboxysome encapsulates RubisCO together with carbonic anhydrase in a protein shell, resulting in an elevated CO sub(2) concentration around RubisCO. Moreover, cyanobacteria differ from plants in the isoenzymes involved in the CB cycle and the photorespiratory pathways as well as in mechanisms that can affect the activity of RubisCO. In addition, newly available cyanobacterial genome sequence data from the CyanoGEBA project, which has more than doubled the amount of genomic information available for cyanobacteria, increases our knowledge on the CCM and the occurrence and distribution of genes of interest. JF - Journal of Experimental Botany AU - Zarzycki, Jan AU - Axen, Seth D AU - Kinney, James N AU - Kerfeld, Cheryl A AD - super(1) Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA, ckerfeld@lbl.gov PY - 2013 SP - 787 EP - 798 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 64 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0957, 0022-0957 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Carbon dioxide fixation KW - carbonic anhydrase KW - carboxysomes KW - cyanobacteria KW - photorespiration KW - photosynthesis KW - RubisCO KW - RubisCO activase KW - Genomes KW - Photosynthesis KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Photorespiration KW - Remedies KW - Carbonate dehydratase KW - ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate KW - Ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase KW - Carbon KW - Isoenzymes KW - genomics KW - Data processing KW - Chloroplasts KW - Model Studies KW - Cyanobacteria KW - carbon concentrating mechanism KW - Proteins KW - Shells KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Organelles KW - Cyanophyta KW - Oxygenase KW - Evolution KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Carbon fixation KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1315613911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Botany&rft.atitle=Cyanobacterial-based+approaches+to+improving+photosynthesis+in+plants&rft.au=Zarzycki%2C+Jan%3BAxen%2C+Seth+D%3BKinney%2C+James+N%3BKerfeld%2C+Cheryl+A&rft.aulast=Zarzycki&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=787&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Botany&rft.issn=00220957&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fjxb%2Fers294 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Data processing; Photosynthesis; Nucleotide sequence; Photorespiration; ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate; Chloroplasts; Carbonate dehydratase; Ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; Carbon; carbon concentrating mechanism; Isoenzymes; Shells; genomics; Organelles; Carbon dioxide; Oxygenase; Evolution; Carbon fixation; Remedies; Proteins; Cyanophyta; Model Studies; Carbon Dioxide; Cyanobacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers294 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elemental composition of human semen is associated with motility and genomic sperm defects among older men AN - 1291602520; 17591686 AB - BACKGROUND Older men tend to have poorer semen quality and are generally at higher risks for infertility and abnormal reproductive outcomes. METHODS We employed proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE, 3 MeV proton beam) to investigate the concentrations of zinc, copper, calcium, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, titanium, iron and nickel in washed sperm and seminal plasma from non-smoking groups of 10 older men (65-80 years old) and 10 younger men (22-28 years old) who were concurrently assayed for sperm function and genomicly defective sperm. RESULTS The older group showed elevated zinc, copper and calcium in sperm and elevated sulfur in seminal plasma compared with the younger men. The older group also showed reduced motility as well as increased sperm DNA fragmentation, achondroplasia mutations, DNA strand breaks and chromosomal aberrations. Sperm calcium and copper were positively associated with sperm DNA fragmentation (P < 0.03). Seminal sulfur was positively associated with sperm DNA fragmentation and chromosomal aberrations (P < 0.04), and negatively associated with sperm motility (P < 0.05). Sperm calcium was negatively associated with sperm motility, independent of male age (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS We identified major differences in elemental concentrations between sperm and seminal plasma and that higher sperm copper, sulfur and calcium are quantitatively associated with poorer semen quality and increased frequencies of genomic sperm defects. JF - Human Reproduction AU - Schmid, Thomas E AU - Grant, Patrick G AU - Marchetti, Francesco AU - Weldon, Rosana H AU - Eskenazi, Brenda AU - Wyrobek, Andrew J AD - 1 Biosciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA, ajwyrobek@lbl.gov Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 SP - 274 EP - 282 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0268-1161, 0268-1161 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Sulfur KW - Infertility KW - Calcium KW - Nickel KW - Copper KW - Sperm KW - DNA fragmentation KW - Risk factors KW - Zinc KW - Semen KW - genomics KW - Chromosome aberrations KW - Titanium KW - Protons KW - DNA damage KW - Motility KW - Ionizing radiation KW - DNA KW - Reproduction KW - Iron KW - Mutation KW - G 07880:Human Genetics KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1291602520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Reproduction&rft.atitle=Elemental+composition+of+human+semen+is+associated+with+motility+and+genomic+sperm+defects+among+older+men&rft.au=Schmid%2C+Thomas+E%3BGrant%2C+Patrick+G%3BMarchetti%2C+Francesco%3BWeldon%2C+Rosana+H%3BEskenazi%2C+Brenda%3BWyrobek%2C+Andrew+J&rft.aulast=Schmid&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=274&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+Reproduction&rft.issn=02681161&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fhumrep%2Fdes321 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur; Infertility; Titanium; Calcium; Protons; Nickel; Sperm; Copper; DNA fragmentation; DNA damage; Motility; Risk factors; Ionizing radiation; Zinc; Semen; genomics; Mutation; Iron; Chromosome aberrations; DNA; Reproduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des321 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functionalizing bacterial cell surfaces with a phage protein AN - 1285091869; 17543917 AB - Functionalization of bacterial cell surfaces has the potential to introduce new activities by chemical modification. Here we show that a bacteriophage-receptor complex can be used to functionalize the surface of two Gram-negative proteobacteria, Escherichia coliand Ralstonia eutrophawith CdSe/ZnS nanoparticles. This work highlights the potential for using microbe-phage interactions to generate new functions on living cells. JF - Chemical Communications: Chem Comm AU - Yeh, Yi-Chun AU - Mueller, Jana AU - Bi, Changhao AU - Hillson, Nathan J AU - Beller, Harry R AU - Chhabra, Swapnil R AU - Singer, Steven W AD - Physical Biosciences Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA; 94720; USA; , yichuny@ntnu.edu.tw Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 SP - 910 EP - 912 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 49 IS - 9 SN - 1359-7345, 1359-7345 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Cell surface KW - Escherichia KW - J:02430 KW - V:22310 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1285091869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Communications%3A+Chem+Comm&rft.atitle=Functionalizing+bacterial+cell+surfaces+with+a+phage+protein&rft.au=Yeh%2C+Yi-Chun%3BMueller%2C+Jana%3BBi%2C+Changhao%3BHillson%2C+Nathan+J%3BBeller%2C+Harry+R%3BChhabra%2C+Swapnil+R%3BSinger%2C+Steven+W&rft.aulast=Yeh&rft.aufirst=Yi-Chun&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=910&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Communications%3A+Chem+Comm&rft.issn=13597345&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2cc37883c LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell surface; Escherichia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2cc37883c ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of Convective Entrainment Using Lagrangian Particles AN - 1272736064; 17573914 AB - Lagrangian particle tracking is used in a large-eddy simulation to study an individual cumulus congestus. This allows for the direct measurement of the convective entrainment rate and of the residence times of entrained parcels within the cloud. The entrainment rate obtained by Lagrangian direct measurement is found to be higher than that obtained using the recently introduced method of Eulerian direct measurement. This discrepancy is explained by the fast recirculation of air in and out of cloudy updrafts, which Eulerian direct measurement is unable to resolve. By filtering these fast recirculations, the Lagrangian calculation produces a result in very good agreement with the Eulerian calculation. The Lagrangian method can also quantify some aspects of entrainment that cannot be probed with Eulerian methods. For instance, it is found that more than half of the air that is entrained by the cloud during its lifetime is air that was previously detrained by the cloud. Nevertheless, the cloud is highly diluted by entrained air: for cloudy air above 2 km, its mean height of origin is well above the cloud base. This paints a picture of a cloud that rapidly entrains both environmental air and its own detritus. JF - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences AU - Yeo, Kyongmin AU - Romps, David M AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 SP - 266 EP - 277 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 70 IS - 1 SN - 0022-4928, 0022-4928 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Entrainment KW - Bases KW - Large eddy simulations KW - Updrafts KW - Clouds KW - Eulerian method KW - Convective activity KW - Cumulus congestus KW - Detritus KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 551.576:Clouds (551.576) KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1272736064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+Convective+Entrainment+Using+Lagrangian+Particles&rft.au=Yeo%2C+Kyongmin%3BRomps%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Yeo&rft.aufirst=Kyongmin&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=00224928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAS-D-12-0144.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Entrainment; Eulerian method; Convective activity; Cumulus congestus; Large eddy simulations; Updrafts; Bases; Detritus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-12-0144.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating experience curves in appliance standards analysis AN - 1272082385; 4388301 AB - There exists considerable evidence that manufacturing costs and consumer prices of residential appliances have decreased in real terms over the last several decades. This phenomenon is generally attributable to manufacturing efficiency gained with cumulative experience producing a certain good, and is modeled by an empirical experience curve. The technical analyses conducted in support of U.S. energy conservation standards for residential appliances and commercial equipment have, until recently, assumed that manufacturing costs and retail prices remain constant during the projected 30-year analysis period. This assumption does not reflect real market price dynamics. Using price data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, we present U.S. experience curves for room air conditioners, clothes dryers, central air conditioners, furnaces, and refrigerators and freezers. These experience curves were incorporated into recent energy conservation standards analyses for these products. Including experience curves increases the national consumer net present value of potential standard levels. In some cases a potential standard level exhibits a net benefit when considering experience, whereas without experience it exhibits a net cost. These results highlight the importance of modeling more representative market prices. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Desroches, L.-B. AU - Garbesi, K AU - Kantner, C AU - Buskirk, R van AU - Yang, H C AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 SP - 402 EP - 416 VL - 52 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Economics KW - Energy efficiency KW - Energy market KW - Energy prices KW - Energy industry KW - Manufacturing KW - Energy costs KW - U.S.A. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1272082385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Incorporating+experience+curves+in+appliance+standards+analysis&rft.au=Desroches%2C+L.-B.%3BGarbesi%2C+K%3BKantner%2C+C%3BBuskirk%2C+R+van%3BYang%2C+H+C&rft.aulast=Desroches&rft.aufirst=L.-B.&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=&rft.spage=402&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2012.09.066 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4257 6431; 4263 10107; 4258 7711; 4255 4276 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 4251 2934; 7665 6431; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.09.066 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential energy savings and reduction of CO'2 emissions through higher efficiency standards for polyphase electric motors in Japan AN - 1272081227; 4388332 AB - Japan has shut down more than 70% of its nuclear power plants since the March 2011 Tohoku earthquake and the ensuing accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. The country has been challenged with power shortages in the short-term and faces complex energy security decisions in the long-term. Japan has a long history of implementing energy conservation policies, such as the Top Runner Program, which covers 23 products including appliances and industrial equipment. However, Japan's efficiency policy for polyphase electric motors is considered below international standards. Polyphase electric motors accounted for about 55% of the nation's total power consumption in 2008. The aim of this study is to estimate potential energy savings and reduction in CO'2 emissions (2014-2043) by examining scenarios involving adopting two different polyphase motor efficiency standards and comparing them to a base case and concludes by suggesting pathways for further policy development using the results obtained. The study finds that if level IE2 of the international efficiency standard IEC 60034-30 were implemented, it would save 8.3TWh (or 0.03 quads) per year, which is equivalent to about 0.8% of Japan's total electric power consumption in 2010. If level IE3 of the IEC 60034-30 were implemented instead, it would save about 13.3TWh (or 0.05 quads) per year. The corresponding cumulative energy savings and reduction in CO'2 emissions for the IE2 scenario would be 249TWh (or 0.85 quads) and 93Mt. The corresponding cumulative energy savings and reduction in CO'2 emissions for the IE3 scenario would be 398TWh (or 1.36 quads) and 149Mt. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Ni, C C AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 SP - 737 EP - 747 VL - 52 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Political Science KW - Engines KW - Energy efficiency KW - Energy policy KW - Development potential KW - Power plants KW - Energy conservation KW - Japan KW - Carbon emissions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1272081227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Potential+energy+savings+and+reduction+of+CO%272+emissions+through+higher+efficiency+standards+for+polyphase+electric+motors+in+Japan&rft.au=Ni%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Ni&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2012.10.035 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4255 4276 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 4248 10956 2729; Carbon emissions; 3503; 4261 5574 10472; 4287; 9974; 191 300 30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.10.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy and behavioral impacts of integrative retrofits for residential buildings: what is at stake for building energy policy reforms in northern China? AN - 1272079018; 4388325 AB - Based upon the results from extensive building monitoring and surveys on occupant's behaviors in a representative nine-story apartment building in northern China, building energy simulations were performed to evaluate the impacts of integrative retrofits implemented. Integrative retrofits required by the newer building energy standard produced significant heating-energy savings (i.e., 53%) when compared with baseline buildings commonly built in early 1980s. Taking into account district-heating-system upgrades as part of integrative retrofit measures, a representative apartment building was 66% more efficient than the baseline building. Contrary to expectation, little behavioral change was found in response to the provisions of monetary incentive, billing-method reform, or metering of heating energy use in individual apartment units. Yet this paper identified sizable energy savings potential if occupants' behavioral changes were to actually happen. This indicates that provisions of financial incentives or individual metering were insufficient for triggering substantial behavioral changes leading toward more energy savings in the current buildings. It is recommended that innovative energy policies, technology upgrades, and education would be needed to promote behavioral changes toward additional energy savings. Finally, measures and strategies to further enhance thermal integrity criteria (e.g., insulations of roof and balcony) are recommended in China's future building energy policy reforms. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Xu, P. AU - Xu, T. AU - Shen, P AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 SP - 667 EP - 676 VL - 52 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Political Science KW - Behaviourism KW - Thermal energy KW - Energy policy KW - Energy conservation KW - Economic incentives KW - China KW - Policy studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1272079018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Energy+and+behavioral+impacts+of+integrative+retrofits+for+residential+buildings%3A+what+is+at+stake+for+building+energy+policy+reforms+in+northern+China%3F&rft.au=Xu%2C+P.%3BXu%2C+T.%3BShen%2C+P&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=P.&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=&rft.spage=667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2012.10.029 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4261 5574 10472; 4248 10956 2729; 9628; 12733 4246; 1543; 3944 3889 6071 1542 11325; 93 116 30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.10.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a low-carbon indicator system for China AN - 1112142690; 4351143 AB - In 2009, China committed to reducing its carbon dioxide intensity (CO"2/unit of gross domestic product, GDP) by 40-45% by 2020 from a s2005 baseline and in March 2011, China's 12th Five-Year Plan established a carbon intensity reduction goal of 17% between 2011 and 2015. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) of China then established a Low Carbon City policy and announced the selection of 5 provinces and 8 cities to pilot the low carbon development work. How to determine if a city or province is ''low carbon'' has not been defined by the Chinese government. Macro-level indicators of low carbon development, such as energy use or CO"2 emissions per unit of GDP or per capita may be too aggregated to be meaningful measurements of whether a city or province is truly ''low carbon''. Instead, indicators based on energy end-use sectors (industry, residential, commercial, transport, electric power) offer a better approach for defining ''low carbon'' and for taking action to reduce energy-related carbon emissions. This report presents and tests a methodology for the development of a low carbon indicator system at the provincial and city level, providing initial results for an end-use low carbon indicator system, based on data available at the provincial and municipal levels. The report begins with a discussion of macro-level indicators that are typically used for inter-city, regional, or inter-country comparisons. It then turns to a discussion of the methodology used to develop a more robust low carbon indicator for China. The report presents the results of this indicator with examples for 6 selected provinces and cities in China (Beijing, Shanghai, Shanxi, Shandong, Guangdong, and Hubei). The report concludes with a discussion of data issues and other problems encountered during the development of the end-use low carbon indicator, followed by recommendations for future improvement. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Habitat international AU - Price, Lynn AU - Zhou, N AU - Fridley, D AU - Ohshita, S AU - Lu, H. AU - Zheng, N AU - Fino-chen, C AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 SP - 4 EP - 21 VL - 37 SN - 0197-3975, 0197-3975 KW - Economics KW - Energy efficiency KW - Energy utilization KW - Indicators KW - Regulation KW - Data analysis KW - Systems analysis KW - China KW - Carbon emissions KW - Methodology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1112142690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Habitat+international&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+low-carbon+indicator+system+for+China&rft.au=Price%2C+Lynn%3BZhou%2C+N%3BFridley%2C+D%3BOhshita%2C+S%3BLu%2C+H.%3BZheng%2C+N%3BFino-chen%2C+C&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Habitat+international&rft.issn=01973975&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.habitatint.2011.12.009 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6306; 4255 4276 4249 2805 3872 554 971; Carbon emissions; 10742; 7994; 12474 971; 4276 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 3279 971 3286; 93 116 30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2011.12.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the relationship between water flux and hydraulic gradient for unsaturated and saturated clay AN - 1244689972; 2013-007391 AB - Experimental results indicate that the traditional form of Darcy's law is not adequate for describing water flow processes in clay media because the observed relationship between water flux and hydraulic gradient can be highly non-linear. To capture this non-Darcian flow behavior, we propose a new relationship between water flux and hydraulic gradient by generalizing the currently existing relationships. The new relationship is shown to be consistent with experimental observations for both saturated and unsaturated conditions. In this paper, we also develop an empirical relationship between permeability and threshold hydraulic gradient, an important measure of non-Darcian behavior. The latter relationship is practically useful because it can reduce the number of parameters whose values need to be determined from experiment data in order to model non-Darcian behavior. How to incorporate the impacts of temperature and electrolyte concentrations into the proposed relationships needs further research. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Birkholzer, Jens Y1 - 2012/12/19/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 19 SP - 242 EP - 247 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 475 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - clay KW - experimental studies KW - hydraulics KW - clastic sediments KW - Darcy's law KW - unsaturated zone KW - electrolytes KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - saturated zone KW - water-rock interaction KW - mathematical methods KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244689972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=On+the+relationship+between+water+flux+and+hydraulic+gradient+for+unsaturated+and+saturated+clay&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2012-12-19&rft.volume=475&rft.issue=&rft.spage=242&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2012.09.057 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-27 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; clay; Darcy's law; electrolytes; experimental studies; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydraulics; hydrodynamics; mathematical methods; reservoir rocks; saturated zone; sediments; temperature; unsaturated zone; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.09.057 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Greening of Insurance AN - 1551627484; 20322865 AB - Every sector of the economy telegraphs climate risks to its insurers. In turn, climate change stands as a stress test for insurance, the world's largest industry, with U.S. $4.6 trillion in revenues, 7% of the global economy (1-6). Insurers publicly voiced concern about human-induced climate change four decades ago (1). I describe industry trends, activities, and promising avenues for future effort, from a synthesis of industry progress in managing climate change risk [see supplementary materials (SM)]. JF - Science AU - Mills, Evan AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2012/12/14/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 14 SP - 1424 EP - 1425 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 United States VL - 338 IS - 6113 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Risk Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Risk management KW - Economics KW - Green development KW - Climate change KW - Stress KW - Human factors KW - Insurance KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23070:Economics, organization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1551627484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=The+Greening+of+Insurance&rft.au=Mills%2C+Evan&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2012-12-14&rft.volume=338&rft.issue=6113&rft.spage=1424&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1229351 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk management; Climate change; Green development; Economics; Stress; Human factors; Insurance DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1229351 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping Local Charge Recombination Heterogeneity by Multidimensional Nanospectroscopic Imaging AN - 1808123538; 20372774 AB - Mind the GapNear-field microscopy has benefited from subwavelength near-field plasmonic probes that make use of the field-concentrating properties of gaps. These probes achieve maximum enhancement only in the tip-substrate gap mode, which can yield large near-field signals, but only for a metallic substrate and for very small tip-substrate gap distances. Bao et al. (p. 1317) designed a probe that unites broadband field enhancement and confinement with bidirectional coupling between far-field and near-field electromagnetic energy. Their tips primarily rely on the internal gap modes of the tip itself, thereby enabling it to image nonmetallic samples. JF - Science AU - Bao, Wei AU - Melli, M AU - Caselli, N AU - Riboli, F AU - Wiersma, D S AU - Staffaroni, M AU - Choo, H AU - Ogletree, D F AU - Aloni, S AU - Bokor, J AU - Cabrini, S AU - Intonti, F AU - Salmeron, M B AU - Yablonovitch, E AU - Schuck, P J AU - Weber-Bargioni, A AD - Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2012/12/07/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 07 SP - 1317 EP - 1321 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 United States VL - 338 IS - 6112 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Aluminium Industry Abstracts (AI) KW - Coupling KW - Plasmonics KW - Broadband KW - Microscopy KW - Aluminum KW - Heterogeneity KW - Nanostructure KW - Confinement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808123538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Mapping+Local+Charge+Recombination+Heterogeneity+by+Multidimensional+Nanospectroscopic+Imaging&rft.au=Bao%2C+Wei%3BMelli%2C+M%3BCaselli%2C+N%3BRiboli%2C+F%3BWiersma%2C+D+S%3BStaffaroni%2C+M%3BChoo%2C+H%3BOgletree%2C+D+F%3BAloni%2C+S%3BBokor%2C+J%3BCabrini%2C+S%3BIntonti%2C+F%3BSalmeron%2C+M+B%3BYablonovitch%2C+E%3BSchuck%2C+P+J%3BWeber-Bargioni%2C+A&rft.aulast=Bao&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft.date=2012-12-07&rft.volume=338&rft.issue=6112&rft.spage=1317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1227977 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1227977 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Subsurface Monitoring of CO2 Sequestration - A Review and Look Forward T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313123291; 6180152 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Daley, Thomas Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Reviews KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313123291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Subsurface+Monitoring+of+CO2+Sequestration+-+A+Review+and+Look+Forward&rft.au=Daley%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Role of Uncertainty Quantification in Climate Science for a Sustainable Energy Future T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313122654; 6184534 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Collins, William AU - Anitescu, Mihai AU - Bader, David AU - Debusschere, Bert AU - Gattiker, James AU - Hovland, Paul AU - Johannesson, Gardar AU - Lin, Guang AU - Lucas, Donald AU - Najm, Habib AU - Qian, Yun AU - Swiler, Laura Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Sustainable development KW - Climate KW - Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313122654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Uncertainty+Quantification+in+Climate+Science+for+a+Sustainable+Energy+Future&rft.au=Collins%2C+William%3BAnitescu%2C+Mihai%3BBader%2C+David%3BDebusschere%2C+Bert%3BGattiker%2C+James%3BHovland%2C+Paul%3BJohannesson%2C+Gardar%3BLin%2C+Guang%3BLucas%2C+Donald%3BNajm%2C+Habib%3BQian%2C+Yun%3BSwiler%2C+Laura&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Regional impacts of Atlantic Forest deforestation on climate and vegetation dynamics T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313119690; 6193998 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Holm, Jennifer AU - Chambers, Jeffrey Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Deforestation KW - Vegetation KW - Forests KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Climate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313119690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Regional+impacts+of+Atlantic+Forest+deforestation+on+climate+and+vegetation+dynamics&rft.au=Holm%2C+Jennifer%3BChambers%2C+Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Holm&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ethiopian Geothermal Resources Inferred from Electromagnetic (AMT/MT, TEM) Data and Seismic Noise Interferometry T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313119532; 6184262 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Lindsey, Nate AU - Whaler, Kathryn AU - Johnson, Nicholas AU - Baptie, Brian AU - Lemma, Yohannes AU - Desissa, Mohammed AU - Ebinger, Cynthia AU - Belachew, Manahloh AU - Keir, Derek AU - Fisseha, Shimeles AU - Dawes, Graham AU - Hautot, Sophie Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Geothermal resources KW - Interferometry KW - Noise levels KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313119532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Ethiopian+Geothermal+Resources+Inferred+from+Electromagnetic+%28AMT%2FMT%2C+TEM%29+Data+and+Seismic+Noise+Interferometry&rft.au=Lindsey%2C+Nate%3BWhaler%2C+Kathryn%3BJohnson%2C+Nicholas%3BBaptie%2C+Brian%3BLemma%2C+Yohannes%3BDesissa%2C+Mohammed%3BEbinger%2C+Cynthia%3BBelachew%2C+Manahloh%3BKeir%2C+Derek%3BFisseha%2C+Shimeles%3BDawes%2C+Graham%3BHautot%2C+Sophie&rft.aulast=Lindsey&rft.aufirst=Nate&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Geomechanical Modeling of Fault Responses and the Potential for Notable Seismic Events during Underground CO2 Injection T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313119478; 6190170 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Cappa, Frederic AU - Mazzoldi, Alberto AU - Rinaldi, Antonio Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Earthquakes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313119478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Geomechanical+Modeling+of+Fault+Responses+and+the+Potential+for+Notable+Seismic+Events+during+Underground+CO2+Injection&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BCappa%2C+Frederic%3BMazzoldi%2C+Alberto%3BRinaldi%2C+Antonio&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=Jonny&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Estimating CH4 Emissions in California Using Measurements from a Tower Network T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313118244; 6193222 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Jeong, Seongeun AU - Hsu, Ying-Kuang AU - Andrews, Arlyn AU - Bianco, Laura AU - Vaca, Patrick AU - Wilczak, James AU - Fischer, Marc Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - USA, California KW - Methane KW - Emission measurements KW - Emissions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313118244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Estimating+CH4+Emissions+in+California+Using+Measurements+from+a+Tower+Network&rft.au=Jeong%2C+Seongeun%3BHsu%2C+Ying-Kuang%3BAndrews%2C+Arlyn%3BBianco%2C+Laura%3BVaca%2C+Patrick%3BWilczak%2C+James%3BFischer%2C+Marc&rft.aulast=Jeong&rft.aufirst=Seongeun&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Evolving AmeriFlux Network T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313116997; 6182701 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Baldocchi, Dennis AU - Agarwal, Deb AU - Biraud, Sebastien AU - Billesbach, David AU - Humphrey, Marty AU - Law, Beverly AU - Papale, Dario AU - Wofsy, Steven Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313116997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+Evolving+AmeriFlux+Network&rft.au=Torn%2C+Margaret%3BBaldocchi%2C+Dennis%3BAgarwal%2C+Deb%3BBiraud%2C+Sebastien%3BBillesbach%2C+David%3BHumphrey%2C+Marty%3BLaw%2C+Beverly%3BPapale%2C+Dario%3BWofsy%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Isotopic and trace element sensors for fluid flow, heat- and mass transport in fractured rocks T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313116950; 6190860 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - DePaolo, Donald Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Mass transport KW - Trace elements KW - Sensors KW - Fluid flow KW - Fractures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313116950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Isotopic+and+trace+element+sensors+for+fluid+flow%2C+heat-+and+mass+transport+in+fractured+rocks&rft.au=DePaolo%2C+Donald&rft.aulast=DePaolo&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Laboratory and Field Studies of Fracture Flow and Its Extension in Underground Settings T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313116936; 6190859 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Wang, Joseph AU - Hudson, John Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Fractures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313116936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Laboratory+and+Field+Studies+of+Fracture+Flow+and+Its+Extension+in+Underground+Settings&rft.au=Wang%2C+Joseph%3BHudson%2C+John&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Analysis of permafrost thermal dynamics and response to climate change in the CMIP5 models T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313116021; 6190743 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Koven, Charles AU - Riley, William Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Climatic changes KW - Permafrost KW - Temperature effects KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313116021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+permafrost+thermal+dynamics+and+response+to+climate+change+in+the+CMIP5+models&rft.au=Koven%2C+Charles%3BRiley%2C+William&rft.aulast=Koven&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Geochemistry of Biomineralization in Planktonic Foraminifera: New Techniques and Tracers T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313115855; 6190686 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Gagnon, Alexander AU - De Yoreo, Jim AU - DePaolo, Donald AU - Spero, Howard AU - Russell, Ann AU - Giuffre, Anthony Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Geochemistry KW - Mineralization KW - Tracers KW - Foraminifera UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313115855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+Geochemistry+of+Biomineralization+in+Planktonic+Foraminifera%3A+New+Techniques+and+Tracers&rft.au=Gagnon%2C+Alexander%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+Jim%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald%3BSpero%2C+Howard%3BRussell%2C+Ann%3BGiuffre%2C+Anthony&rft.aulast=Gagnon&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of Secondary Mineral Grain Coatings and their Role as Diffusion-controlled Sinks and Sources for Metal Contaminants T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313115125; 6194989 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Davis, James AU - Guo, Hua AU - Lai, Barry AU - Kemner, Ken AU - Ercius, Peter AU - Fox, Patricia AU - Singer, David AU - Minor, Andrew AU - Waychunas, Glenn Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Coating materials KW - Minerals KW - Metals KW - Grains KW - Contaminants KW - Grain UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313115125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Secondary+Mineral+Grain+Coatings+and+their+Role+as+Diffusion-controlled+Sinks+and+Sources+for+Metal+Contaminants&rft.au=Davis%2C+James%3BGuo%2C+Hua%3BLai%2C+Barry%3BKemner%2C+Ken%3BErcius%2C+Peter%3BFox%2C+Patricia%3BSinger%2C+David%3BMinor%2C+Andrew%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fast Iterative Implementation of Nonlinear Geostatistical Inverse Modeling T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313114162; 6178975 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Liu, Xiaoyi AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Kitanidis, Peter Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313114162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Fast+Iterative+Implementation+of+Nonlinear+Geostatistical+Inverse+Modeling&rft.au=Liu%2C+Xiaoyi%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Xiaoyi&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Laboratory and Field Studies of Fracture Flow and Its Extension in Underground Settings T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313113441; 6181222 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Wang, Joseph AU - Hudson, John Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Fractures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313113441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Laboratory+and+Field+Studies+of+Fracture+Flow+and+Its+Extension+in+Underground+Settings&rft.au=Wang%2C+Joseph%3BHudson%2C+John&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Structural and Fully Coupled Joint Inversion for CO2 Migration Monitoring T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313113131; 6195044 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Doetsch, Joseph AU - Kowalsky, Michael AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Ajo Franklin, Jonathan AU - Yang, Xianjin AU - Carrigan, Charles AU - Daley, Thomas Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Migration KW - Inversion KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Joints UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313113131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Structural+and+Fully+Coupled+Joint+Inversion+for+CO2+Migration+Monitoring&rft.au=Doetsch%2C+Joseph%3BKowalsky%2C+Michael%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+Jonathan%3BYang%2C+Xianjin%3BCarrigan%2C+Charles%3BDaley%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Doetsch&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Numerical Interpretation of Laboratory and Field Data Showing CO2-induced Groundwater Changes T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313111023; 6194741 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Tinnacher, Ruth AU - Varadharajan, Charuleka AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Bianchi, Marco AU - Nico, Peter AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Trautz, Robert AU - Pugh, John Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Ground water KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313111023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Numerical+Interpretation+of+Laboratory+and+Field+Data+Showing+CO2-induced+Groundwater+Changes&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Liange%3BTinnacher%2C+Ruth%3BVaradharajan%2C+Charuleka%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BBianchi%2C+Marco%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens%3BTrautz%2C+Robert%3BPugh%2C+John&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Liange&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Geophysical Characterization and Reactive Transport Modeling to Quantify Plume Behavior T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313110132; 6194765 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Wainwright, Haruko AU - Bea, Sergio AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Li, Li AU - Sassen, Doug AU - Chen, Jinsong Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Plumes KW - Geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313110132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Geophysical+Characterization+and+Reactive+Transport+Modeling+to+Quantify+Plume+Behavior&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan%3BWainwright%2C+Haruko%3BBea%2C+Sergio%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BLi%2C+Li%3BSassen%2C+Doug%3BChen%2C+Jinsong&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The GEO Water Strategy: Advances in Monitoring, Modeling, and Predicting Groundwater Variations at Regional to Local Scales T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313109119; 6189367 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Miller, Norman AU - Heinrich, Lena AU - Kukuri, Neno AU - Plag, Hans-Peter AU - Famiglietti, James AU - Rodell, Mathew Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Ground water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313109119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+GEO+Water+Strategy%3A+Advances+in+Monitoring%2C+Modeling%2C+and+Predicting+Groundwater+Variations+at+Regional+to+Local+Scales&rft.au=Miller%2C+Norman%3BHeinrich%2C+Lena%3BKukuri%2C+Neno%3BPlag%2C+Hans-Peter%3BFamiglietti%2C+James%3BRodell%2C+Mathew&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Field-Scale, Massively Parallel Simulation of Production from Oceanic Gas Hydrate Deposits T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313108700; 6185421 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Reagan, Matthew AU - Moridis, George AU - Freeman, Craig AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Boyle, Katie AU - Johnson, Jeffrey AU - Husebo, Jarle Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Gas hydrates KW - Simulation KW - Deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313108700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Field-Scale%2C+Massively+Parallel+Simulation+of+Production+from+Oceanic+Gas+Hydrate+Deposits&rft.au=Reagan%2C+Matthew%3BMoridis%2C+George%3BFreeman%2C+Craig%3BPan%2C+Lehua%3BBoyle%2C+Katie%3BJohnson%2C+Jeffrey%3BHusebo%2C+Jarle&rft.aulast=Reagan&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Stress State of the Northwest Geysers Geothermal Field and Implications for Fault-Controlled Fluid Flow T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313107699; 6179768 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Boyle, Katie AU - Zoback, Mark Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Stress KW - Hot springs KW - Fluid flow KW - Hydrothermal fields UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313107699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+Stress+State+of+the+Northwest+Geysers+Geothermal+Field+and+Implications+for+Fault-Controlled+Fluid+Flow&rft.au=Boyle%2C+Katie%3BZoback%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Boyle&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interacting Effects of Soil Depth and Temperature on Decomposition of Char, Wood, and Bulk Soil Organic Carbon in a Temperate and a Tropical Soil T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313105371; 6188403 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Tas, Neslihan AU - Castanha, Cristina AU - Reichl, Ken AU - Fischer, Marc AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Schmidt, Michael AU - Abiven, Samuel AU - Jansson, Janet Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Soil temperature KW - Organic carbon KW - Temperature effects KW - Soil depth KW - Tropical environments KW - Decomposition KW - Wood KW - Biodegradation KW - Abiotic factors KW - Soils (organic) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313105371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Interacting+Effects+of+Soil+Depth+and+Temperature+on+Decomposition+of+Char%2C+Wood%2C+and+Bulk+Soil+Organic+Carbon+in+a+Temperate+and+a+Tropical+Soil&rft.au=Torn%2C+Margaret%3BTas%2C+Neslihan%3BCastanha%2C+Cristina%3BReichl%2C+Ken%3BFischer%2C+Marc%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BSchmidt%2C+Michael%3BAbiven%2C+Samuel%3BJansson%2C+Janet&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Multi-Year Record of Airborne CO2 observations in the U.S. Southern Great Plains T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313104340; 6184986 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Biraud, Sebastien AU - Smith, James AU - Sweeney, Colm AU - Tans, Pieter AU - Torn, Margaret Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - USA KW - Plains KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313104340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=A+Multi-Year+Record+of+Airborne+CO2+observations+in+the+U.S.+Southern+Great+Plains&rft.au=Biraud%2C+Sebastien%3BSmith%2C+James%3BSweeney%2C+Colm%3BTans%2C+Pieter%3BTorn%2C+Margaret&rft.aulast=Biraud&rft.aufirst=Sebastien&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pore scale to flood plain scale modeling of reactive transport processes T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313101057; 6181924 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Andre, Benjamin AU - Trebotichi, David AU - Shen, Chaopeng AU - Landrot, Gautier AU - Maxwell, Reed Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Transport processes KW - Flood plains KW - Pores UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313101057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Pore+scale+to+flood+plain+scale+modeling+of+reactive+transport+processes&rft.au=Steefel%2C+Carl%3BMolins%2C+Sergi%3BAndre%2C+Benjamin%3BTrebotichi%2C+David%3BShen%2C+Chaopeng%3BLandrot%2C+Gautier%3BMaxwell%2C+Reed&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Testing CO2 Sequestration in an Alkaline Soil Treated with Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum (FGDG) T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313100727; 6182155 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Han, Young-Soo AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Flue gas desulfurization KW - Alkaline soils KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Gypsum KW - desulfurization KW - gypsum KW - Soils (alkaline) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313100727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Testing+CO2+Sequestration+in+an+Alkaline+Soil+Treated+with+Flue+Gas+Desulfurization+Gypsum+%28FGDG%29&rft.au=Han%2C+Young-Soo%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Young-Soo&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluation of Potential pH-Driven Metal Release Due to Elevated Groundwater CO2 Concentrations T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313096290; 6185103 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Tinnacher, Ruth AU - Varadharajan, Charuleka AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Trautz, Robert AU - Pugh, John AU - Esposito, Richard AU - Nico, Peter Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Metals KW - Ground water KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313096290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Potential+pH-Driven+Metal+Release+Due+to+Elevated+Groundwater+CO2+Concentrations&rft.au=Tinnacher%2C+Ruth%3BVaradharajan%2C+Charuleka%3BZheng%2C+Liange%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens%3BTrautz%2C+Robert%3BPugh%2C+John%3BEsposito%2C+Richard%3BNico%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Tinnacher&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Uncertainty Quantification of Evapotranspiration and Infiltration from Modeling and Historic Time Series at the Savannah River F-Area T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313093010; 6193312 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Flach, Gregory Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - USA, Georgia, Savannah R. KW - Time series analysis KW - Historical account KW - Infiltration KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Savannahs KW - Rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313093010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+Quantification+of+Evapotranspiration+and+Infiltration+from+Modeling+and+Historic+Time+Series+at+the+Savannah+River+F-Area&rft.au=Faybishenko%2C+Boris%3BFlach%2C+Gregory&rft.aulast=Faybishenko&rft.aufirst=Boris&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mapping Deep Low Velocity Zones in Alaskan Arctic Coastal Permafrost using Seismic Surface Waves T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313091110; 6192057 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Dou, Shan AU - Ajo Franklin, Jonathan AU - Dreger, Douglas Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Arctic KW - Mapping KW - Polar environments KW - Permafrost KW - Velocity KW - Surface water waves KW - Waves UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313091110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Mapping+Deep+Low+Velocity+Zones+in+Alaskan+Arctic+Coastal+Permafrost+using+Seismic+Surface+Waves&rft.au=Dou%2C+Shan%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+Jonathan%3BDreger%2C+Douglas&rft.aulast=Dou&rft.aufirst=Shan&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Projections of mean and extreme temperature and precipitation changes over the U.S. T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313090596; 6178923 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Wehner, Michael Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - USA KW - Temperature effects KW - Extreme values KW - Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313090596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Projections+of+mean+and+extreme+temperature+and+precipitation+changes+over+the+U.S.&rft.au=Wehner%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Wehner&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Beyond the EGS Protocol, A best practices document T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313090272; 6184696 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Majer, Ernest AU - Nelson, James AU - Robertson-Tate, Ann AU - Savy, Jean AU - Wong, Ivan Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Best practices UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313090272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Beyond+the+EGS+Protocol%2C+A+best+practices+document&rft.au=Majer%2C+Ernest%3BNelson%2C+James%3BRobertson-Tate%2C+Ann%3BSavy%2C+Jean%3BWong%2C+Ivan&rft.aulast=Majer&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impacts of Climate Change on the California Electricity Infrastructure T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313085754; 6190825 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Dale, Larry AU - Sathaye, Jayant AU - Lucena, Andre AU - Koy, Kevin AU - Larsen, Peter AU - Fitts, Gary AU - Lewis, Sarah Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - USA, California KW - Infrastructure KW - Climatic changes KW - Electricity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313085754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+Climate+Change+on+the+California+Electricity+Infrastructure&rft.au=Dale%2C+Larry%3BSathaye%2C+Jayant%3BLucena%2C+Andre%3BKoy%2C+Kevin%3BLarsen%2C+Peter%3BFitts%2C+Gary%3BLewis%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Calcite dissolution driven by a CO2-rich solution in a flow-through capillary tube: experiment and pore-scale modeling T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313081644; 6179647 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Trebotich, David AU - Shen, Chaopeng AU - Yang, Li AU - Ajo Franklin, Jonathan AU - Steefel, Carl Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Calcite dissolution KW - Capillary tubes KW - Dissolution KW - calcite UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313081644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Calcite+dissolution+driven+by+a+CO2-rich+solution+in+a+flow-through+capillary+tube%3A+experiment+and+pore-scale+modeling&rft.au=Molins%2C+Sergi%3BTrebotich%2C+David%3BShen%2C+Chaopeng%3BYang%2C+Li%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+Jonathan%3BSteefel%2C+Carl&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=Sergi&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hydromechanical modeling of clay rock including fracture damage T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313069618; 6183239 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Asahina, Daisuke AU - Houseworth, James AU - Birkholzer, Jens Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Clays KW - Fractures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313069618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Hydromechanical+modeling+of+clay+rock+including+fracture+damage&rft.au=Asahina%2C+Daisuke%3BHouseworth%2C+James%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens&rft.aulast=Asahina&rft.aufirst=Daisuke&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Early Detection of Brine and CO2 Leakage through Abandoned Wells Using Pressure and Surface Deformation Monitoring Data T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313067524; 6183682 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Jung, Yoojin AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Birkholzer, Jens Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Leakage KW - Deformation KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Brines KW - Data processing KW - Pressure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313067524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Early+Detection+of+Brine+and+CO2+Leakage+through+Abandoned+Wells+Using+Pressure+and+Surface+Deformation+Monitoring+Data&rft.au=Jung%2C+Yoojin%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Yoojin&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impacts of Climate Change on the California Electricity Infrastructure T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313066853; 6181188 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Dale, Larry AU - Sathaye, Jayant AU - Lucena, Andre AU - Koy, Kevin AU - Larsen, Peter AU - Fitts, Gary AU - Lewis, Sarah Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - USA, California KW - Infrastructure KW - Climatic changes KW - Electricity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313066853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+Climate+Change+on+the+California+Electricity+Infrastructure&rft.au=Dale%2C+Larry%3BSathaye%2C+Jayant%3BLucena%2C+Andre%3BKoy%2C+Kevin%3BLarsen%2C+Peter%3BFitts%2C+Gary%3BLewis%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Structural and Fully Coupled Joint Inversion for CO2 Migration Monitoring T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313065358; 6185407 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Doetsch, Joseph AU - Kowalsky, Michael AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Ajo Franklin, Jonathan AU - Yang, Xianjin AU - Carrigan, Charles AU - Daley, Thomas Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Migration KW - Inversion KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Joints UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313065358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Structural+and+Fully+Coupled+Joint+Inversion+for+CO2+Migration+Monitoring&rft.au=Doetsch%2C+Joseph%3BKowalsky%2C+Michael%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+Jonathan%3BYang%2C+Xianjin%3BCarrigan%2C+Charles%3BDaley%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Doetsch&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interpreting intensities from white beam single-crystal Laue diffraction: A tool for structural characterization of Earth materials at extreme conditions T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313064387; 6191197 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Kunz, Martin AU - Tamura, Nobumichi AU - Dejoie, Catherine AU - Baerlocher, Christian AU - McCusker, Lynne Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Diffraction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313064387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Interpreting+intensities+from+white+beam+single-crystal+Laue+diffraction%3A+A+tool+for+structural+characterization+of+Earth+materials+at+extreme+conditions&rft.au=Kunz%2C+Martin%3BTamura%2C+Nobumichi%3BDejoie%2C+Catherine%3BBaerlocher%2C+Christian%3BMcCusker%2C+Lynne&rft.aulast=Kunz&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characteristics of Observing Systems that Differentiate Climate Models According by Their Low-Cloud Feedback Strengths T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313062180; 6191311 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Feldman, Daniel AU - Collins, William Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Climate KW - Feedback UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313062180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Characteristics+of+Observing+Systems+that+Differentiate+Climate+Models+According+by+Their+Low-Cloud+Feedback+Strengths&rft.au=Feldman%2C+Daniel%3BCollins%2C+William&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Influence of Parent Compound Branching on the Products Formed in the Radical-initiated Heterogeneous Oxidation of Octacosane and Squalane T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313058427; 6189015 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Ruehl, Chris AU - Nah, Theodora AU - Isaacman, Gabriel AU - Worton, David AU - Chan, Arthur AU - Kolesar, Katheryn AU - Cappa, Christopher AU - Goldstein, Allen AU - Wilson, Kevin Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Oxidation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313058427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Parent+Compound+Branching+on+the+Products+Formed+in+the+Radical-initiated+Heterogeneous+Oxidation+of+Octacosane+and+Squalane&rft.au=Ruehl%2C+Chris%3BNah%2C+Theodora%3BIsaacman%2C+Gabriel%3BWorton%2C+David%3BChan%2C+Arthur%3BKolesar%2C+Katheryn%3BCappa%2C+Christopher%3BGoldstein%2C+Allen%3BWilson%2C+Kevin&rft.aulast=Ruehl&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Quantifying Factors That Impact Riverbed Dynamic Permeability at a Riverbank Filtration Facility T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313057770; 6180505 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Florsheim, Joan AU - Rosenberry, Donald AU - Borglin, Sharon AU - Zhang, Yingqi AU - Seymour, Donald AU - Trotta, Marcus Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - River banks KW - Permeability KW - Filtration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313057770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Quantifying+Factors+That+Impact+Riverbed+Dynamic+Permeability+at+a+Riverbank+Filtration+Facility&rft.au=Ulrich%2C+Craig%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BFlorsheim%2C+Joan%3BRosenberry%2C+Donald%3BBorglin%2C+Sharon%3BZhang%2C+Yingqi%3BSeymour%2C+Donald%3BTrotta%2C+Marcus&rft.aulast=Ulrich&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characteristics of Observing Systems that Differentiate Climate Models According by Their Low-Cloud Feedback Strengths T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313054999; 6181674 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Feldman, Daniel AU - Collins, William Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Climate KW - Feedback UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313054999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Characteristics+of+Observing+Systems+that+Differentiate+Climate+Models+According+by+Their+Low-Cloud+Feedback+Strengths&rft.au=Feldman%2C+Daniel%3BCollins%2C+William&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Liquid-liquid separation explains "non-classical" behavior during calcium carbonate crystallization T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313053871; 6178771 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Wallace, Adam AU - Banfield, Jillian AU - De Yoreo, Jim Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Calcium carbonate KW - Crystallization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313053871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Liquid-liquid+separation+explains+%22non-classical%22+behavior+during+calcium+carbonate+crystallization&rft.au=Wallace%2C+Adam%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+Jim&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Influence of Parent Compound Branching on the Products Formed in the Radical-initiated Heterogeneous Oxidation of Octacosane and Squalane T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313053468; 6179378 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Ruehl, Chris AU - Nah, Theodora AU - Isaacman, Gabriel AU - Worton, David AU - Chan, Arthur AU - Kolesar, Katheryn AU - Cappa, Christopher AU - Goldstein, Allen AU - Wilson, Kevin Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Oxidation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313053468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Parent+Compound+Branching+on+the+Products+Formed+in+the+Radical-initiated+Heterogeneous+Oxidation+of+Octacosane+and+Squalane&rft.au=Ruehl%2C+Chris%3BNah%2C+Theodora%3BIsaacman%2C+Gabriel%3BWorton%2C+David%3BChan%2C+Arthur%3BKolesar%2C+Katheryn%3BCappa%2C+Christopher%3BGoldstein%2C+Allen%3BWilson%2C+Kevin&rft.aulast=Ruehl&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Overburden Pressure as a Cause of Vertical Velocity Gradient T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313035862; 6189767 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Korneev, Valeri Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Velocity KW - Velocity gradients KW - Pressure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313035862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Overburden+Pressure+as+a+Cause+of+Vertical+Velocity+Gradient&rft.au=Korneev%2C+Valeri&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=Valeri&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Stress State of the Northwest Geysers Geothermal Field and Implications for Fault-Controlled Fluid Flow T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313029234; 6189405 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Boyle, Katie AU - Zoback, Mark Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Stress KW - Hot springs KW - Fluid flow KW - Hydrothermal fields UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313029234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+Stress+State+of+the+Northwest+Geysers+Geothermal+Field+and+Implications+for+Fault-Controlled+Fluid+Flow&rft.au=Boyle%2C+Katie%3BZoback%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Boyle&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Monitoring deformation at The Geysers geothermal field, California using C-band and X-band Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313025695; 6189408 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Vasco, D AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Dobson, Patrick AU - Oldenburg, Curtis AU - Ferretti, Alessandro AU - Rucci, Alessio AU - Novali, Fabrizio AU - Garcia, Julio AU - Walters, Mark AU - Hartline, Craig Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - USA, California KW - Radar KW - Deformation KW - Hot springs KW - Synthetic aperture radar KW - Hydrothermal fields UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313025695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Monitoring+deformation+at+The+Geysers+geothermal+field%2C+California+using+C-band+and+X-band+Interferometric+Synthetic+Aperture+Radar&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BDobson%2C+Patrick%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis%3BFerretti%2C+Alessandro%3BRucci%2C+Alessio%3BNovali%2C+Fabrizio%3BGarcia%2C+Julio%3BWalters%2C+Mark%3BHartline%2C+Craig&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon, water, and heat flux responses to experimental burning and drought in a tallgrass prairie AN - 1735918159; PQ0002255895 AB - Drought and fire are common disturbances to grassland ecosystems. We report two years of eddy covariance ecosystem-atmosphere fluxes and biometric variables measured in nearby burned and unburned pastures in the US Southern Great Plains. Over the course of the experiment, annual precipitation ( similar to 600mmyr-1) was lower than the long term mean ( similar to 860mmyr-1). Soil moisture decreased from productive conditions in March 2005 dry, unproductive conditions during the growing season starting in March 2006. Just prior to the burn in early March 2005, burned and unburned pastures contained 520 plus or minus 60 and 360 plus or minus 40gCm-2 of total above ground biomass (AGB) and litter, respectively. The fire removed approximately 200gCm-2 of litter and biomass. In the 2005 growing season following the burn, maximum green AGB was 450 plus or minus 60 and 270 plus or minus 40gCm-2, with corresponding cumulative annual net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) of -330 and -150gCm-2 for the burned and unburned pastures, respectively. In contrast to NEE, cumulative mean sensible heat and water fluxes were approximately equal in both pastures during the growing season, suggesting either an increase in water use efficiency or a decrease in evaporation in the burned relative to the unburned pasture. In the 2006 growing season, dry conditions decreased carbon uptake and latent heat, and increased sensible heat fluxes. Peak AGB was reduced to 210 plus or minus 30gCm-2 and 140 plus or minus 30gCm-2 in the burned and unburned pastures, respectively, while NEE was near zero. These results suggest that the lack of precipitation was responsible for most of the interannual variation in carbon exchange for these un-irrigated prairie pastures. JF - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Fischer, Marc L AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Billesbach, David P AU - Doyle, Geoffrey AU - Northup, Brian AU - Biraud, Sebastien C AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - 169 EP - 174 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 166 SN - 0168-1923, 0168-1923 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Grassland KW - Prairie KW - Fire KW - Eddy covariance KW - Carbon exchange KW - Water stress KW - Burns KW - Ecosystems KW - Combustion products KW - Evaporation KW - Pastures KW - Drought KW - Pasture KW - Latent heat KW - Prairies KW - Carbon KW - Water vapor flux over forests KW - Meteorology KW - Heat flux over forests KW - Droughts KW - Sensible heat KW - Fires KW - Litter KW - Heat flux KW - Growing season KW - Precipitation KW - Biomass KW - Grasslands KW - Interannual variability KW - USA, Great Plains KW - Annual precipitation KW - Soil moisture KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1735918159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Carbon%2C+water%2C+and+heat+flux+responses+to+experimental+burning+and+drought+in+a+tallgrass+prairie&rft.au=Fischer%2C+Marc+L%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BBillesbach%2C+David+P%3BDoyle%2C+Geoffrey%3BNorthup%2C+Brian%3BBiraud%2C+Sebastien+C&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=01681923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agrformet.2012.07.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Heat flux; Growing season; Ecosystems; Evaporation; Drought; Precipitation; Latent heat; Interannual variability; Eddy covariance; Water vapor flux over forests; Annual precipitation; Heat flux over forests; Soil moisture; Burns; Litter; Combustion products; Biomass; Pasture; Prairies; Grasslands; Meteorology; Droughts; Sensible heat; Carbon; Pastures; USA, Great Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.07.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Top-of-atmosphere radiative cooling with white roofs: experimental verification and model-based evaluation AN - 1705071418; PQ0001831367 AB - We evaluate differences in clear-sky upwelling shortwave radiation reaching the top of the atmosphere in response to increasing the albedo of roof surfaces in an area of India with moderately high aerosol loading. Treated (painted white) and untreated (unpainted) roofs on two buildings in northeast India were analyzed on five cloudless days using radiometric imagery from the IKONOS satellite. Comparison of a radiative transfer model (RRTMG) and radiometric satellite observations shows good agreement (R super(2) = 0.927). Results show a mean increase of ~50 W m super(-2) outgoing at the top of the atmosphere for each 0.1 increase of the albedo at the time of the observations and a strong dependence on atmospheric transmissivity. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Salamanca, Francisco AU - Tonse, Shaheen AU - Menon, Surabi AU - Garg, Vishal AU - Singh, Krishna P AU - Naja, Manish AU - Fischer, Marc L AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, USA, fsalaman@asu.edu Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - aerosol loading KW - cool roof KW - radiation balance KW - satellite radiometry KW - surface reflectance KW - urban systems KW - white roof KW - Aerosols KW - Upwelling KW - Albedo KW - Remote sensing KW - Environmental research KW - Satellites KW - Atmosphere KW - Buildings KW - India KW - Clouds KW - Radiative transfer models KW - Satellite data KW - Radiation KW - Radiative transfer KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705071418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Top-of-atmosphere+radiative+cooling+with+white+roofs%3A+experimental+verification+and+model-based+evaluation&rft.au=Salamanca%2C+Francisco%3BTonse%2C+Shaheen%3BMenon%2C+Surabi%3BGarg%2C+Vishal%3BSingh%2C+Krishna+P%3BNaja%2C+Manish%3BFischer%2C+Marc+L&rft.aulast=Salamanca&rft.aufirst=Francisco&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F7%2F4%2F044007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Radiative transfer models; Satellite data; Radiation; Upwelling; Albedo; Environmental research; Aerosols; Remote sensing; Radiative transfer; Buildings; Atmosphere; Satellites; India DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of geomechanical performance of sloping oceanic hydrate deposits subjected production activities AN - 1656036520; 2015-012570 AB - Oceanic Hydrate-Bearing Sediments (HBS) subjected to production activities can induced strongly coupled fluid flow and geomechanical changes that may have adverse consequences on wellbore integrity, the HBS, and the bounding formations. For a sloping hydrate bearing system, the geomechanical changes could potentially be catastrophic if triggering large slides of the seafloor. Marine sediments adjacent to the seafloor as well as hydrate deposits that are suitable target for production often involves unconsolidated sediments of relatively high porosity that are usually characterized by limited shear strength. The dissociation of the solid hydrates (a strong cementing agent) during gas production can degrade the structural strength of the HBS and thereby undermine the stability of the seafloor. In this study we investigate two cases of coupled hydraulic, thermodynamic and geomechanical behavior of sloping oceanic HBS: 1) hydrate heating as warm fluids from deeper conventional reservoirs ascend to the ocean floor through uninsulated pipes intersecting an HBS adjacent to the seafloor, 2) system response during gas production from a hydrate deposit located 400 m below the seafloor. In the first case we consider a situation when a hydraulically confined hydrate layer near the ocean floor is dissociated by heating from the well with associated gas release and forced pressure increase, which could undermine the stability of the slope. In the second case, depressurization leads to hydrate dissociation over a large lateral distance that may provide a weakening potential slip surface along the sloping hydrate system. The results of our analysis indicate that although these production activities induces strongly coupled geomechanical responses that may adversely impact the production itself, they are unlikely to trigger large scale slides of the seafloor. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Moridis, G J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract OS43D EP - 1850 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656036520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+geomechanical+performance+of+sloping+oceanic+hydrate+deposits+subjected+production+activities&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+J%3BMoridis%2C+G+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical investigation of geomechanical responses from a marine hydrate accumulation at the Ulleung Basin in the Korean East Sea AN - 1656036342; 2015-012572 AB - Gas hydrate reservoirs are currently considered as one of the clean future energy resources. Gas hydrates, which mainly consist of methane, are solid crystalline compounds in which gas molecules are trapped within the lattice of ice crystals. From their thermodynamic characteristics, they are typically found in the oceanic sediments or permafrost regions. One of the main concerns related to gas production from the hydrate deposits is geomechanical instability. When the hydrates, which support part of the stress in the formations, are dissociated or formed, the stress and strain fields are significantly changed. In particular, the oceanic hydrate sediments are highly affected by geomechanics, because of huge overburden. In this study, we investigate geomechanical responses from a marine hydrate accumulation at the Ulleung basin in the Korean East Sea, by numerical simulation, when gas is produced by depressurization. Depressurization is widely used for gas production from the hydrate deposits, dissociating the hydrates. We employ two-way coupling between flow and geomechanics, proposed by Kim et al. (SPE Journal 2012 17(2):485-501), in order to model variations in porosity and permeability more rigorously. From the numerical results, the geomechanical situation appears challenging, as significant subsidence (exceeding 3.5 m near the sea floor and 1.5 m at the top of the hydrate deposit) is estimated to occur along a large part of the wellbore, and geomechanical failure within the 20m-thick system is possible early in the production process. However, there is still significant uncertainty in geomechanical data, because the data are incomplete. Further simulations based on the experimental and field data will be required. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kim, J AU - Moridis, G J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract OS43D EP - 1852 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656036342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Numerical+investigation+of+geomechanical+responses+from+a+marine+hydrate+accumulation+at+the+Ulleung+Basin+in+the+Korean+East+Sea&rft.au=Kim%2C+J%3BMoridis%2C+G+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic modeling on a GPU with modest programming effort AN - 1648909334; 2015-008739 AB - We demonstrate an effective approach to porting a production code of anelastic wave propagation using a directive-based programming model, called Mint. Mint generated code realized about 80% of the performance of hand-coded CUDA on the Nvidia 200 and 400 series of GPUs. We think this performance gap is reasonable in light of the simplified programming model enjoyed by Mint's pragma-based model. Compared with writing CUDA by hand, Mint provides the flexibility to explore different performance variants of the same program through annotations and compiler options which saves considerable amount of programming effort. In this talk, we discuss how Mint enables the programmer to tune performance at a high level and evaluate various performance programming strategies realized by Mint programs and translator optimization options. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Unat, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract IN33A EP - 1526 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648909334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Seismic+modeling+on+a+GPU+with+modest+programming+effort&rft.au=Unat%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Unat&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural and fully coupled joint inversion for CO (sub 2) migration monitoring AN - 1648907934; 2015-010385 AB - Monitoring, modeling, and understanding migration of injected carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) in the subsurface is crucial when assessing the risks associated with long-term underground CO (sub 2) storage. A key component for improved monitoring is the integrated analysis of complementary hydrological and geophysical monitoring data. Whereas traditional hydrological measurements are useful for determining the properties immediately surrounding boreholes, geophysical cross-borehole measurements are sensitive to subsurface properties over larger regions, but can have lower spatial or temporal resolution and can be difficult to interpret quantitatively. In a first step, we combine crosswell geophysical data (electrical resistance and seismic tomography) in a structural cross-gradient joint inversion. The resulting improved property scatter plots help to reduce uncertainties in the petrophysical relationships linking seismic velocity, electrical resistivity and CO (sub 2) gas saturation. In a second step, the advantages of hydrological and geophysical data sets are combined in a fully coupled hydrogeophysical inversion, using the iTOUGH2 software package. We consider a pilot study conducted near Cranfield, Mississippi, by the Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (SECARB), where CO (sub 2) was injected into a 25-m-thick saline aquifer at approximately 3.2 km depth. The available hydrological data includes gas composition (CO (sub 2) , CH (sub 4) , and injected tracers) and the distribution of gas saturation with depth in two monitoring boreholes, and pressure in the injection borehole. The geophysical datasets includes electrical resistance tomography (ERT) measurements at many times and time lapse seismic surveys at two times. A synthetic example shows the clear benefits of including geophysical data in the fully coupled inversion. For the field example we are able to obtain estimates of reservoir properties that best honor all available data using the fully coupled hydrogeophysical inversion. While good results can be achieved using the hydrological data alone, including the geophysical data stabilizes the inversion and yields more reliable parameter estimates. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-ABS-569152). JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Doetsch, J AU - Kowalsky, M B AU - Doughty, C AU - Finsterle, S AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Yang, X AU - Carrigan, C R AU - Daley, T M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract NS34A EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648907934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Structural+and+fully+coupled+joint+inversion+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+migration+monitoring&rft.au=Doetsch%2C+J%3BKowalsky%2C+M+B%3BDoughty%2C+C%3BFinsterle%2C+S%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BYang%2C+X%3BCarrigan%2C+C+R%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Doetsch&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding the sensitivity of the particulate inorganic carbon sensor to major particle phases AN - 1641011645; 2015-002105 AB - An optical sensor for particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) has been developed to enable routine high-resolution spatial and temporal observations of PIC concentration dynamics in the ocean water column using ships and autonomous platforms. Tests of the PIC sensor against particulate samples collected by large volume in-situ filtration during the GEOTRACES Inter-Calibration (July 2008 & 2009) cruises revealed factor of two differences in sensor response to PIC. Profiles at the Bermuda Atlantic Time Series (BATS) station as well as in north Atlantic Slope waters (Slope) had calibration factors of approximately 10nM/mV whereas profiles from the north Pacific gyre (SAFe) and the Santa Barbara Basin yielded calibration factors of 6nM/mV and 5nM/mV, respectively. We describe the relative influence of major particulate phases (opal, organic matter, and carbonate), particle concentration, and size distribution on PIC signal. At all four stations CaCO3 was dominated by the small size fraction (1-51um) and PIC sensor data closely follow the systematics of total CaCO3 concentration. It is evident that at stations BATS and Slope the percent weight of CaCO3 is much greater than the percent weight of silica. At station SAFe the percent weights of silica and inorganic carbon are extremely close in value, and at SBB the percent weight of silica is much greater than that of CaCO3. Ratios of percent weight CaCO3 to percent weight silica were 3:1 for BATS, 1.6:1 for Slope, 1:1 for SAFe, and 1:10 for SBB. Comparing these percent weights with the PIC calibrations it is apparent that the calibration sensitivity increases with increases in the percent weight of silica relative to CaCO3. Further calibration studies of the sensor are under way. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Weiss, G A AU - Bishop, J K AU - Strubhar, W AU - Wood, T J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract OS41C EP - 1748 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1641011645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+sensitivity+of+the+particulate+inorganic+carbon+sensor+to+major+particle+phases&rft.au=Weiss%2C+G+A%3BBishop%2C+J+K%3BStrubhar%2C+W%3BWood%2C+T+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpreting intensities from white beam single-crystal Laue diffraction; a tool for structural characterization of Earth materials at extreme conditions AN - 1641011030; 2015-002075 AB - Monochromatic X-ray powder diffraction is the traditional method of choice for structural characterization of Earth material at extreme conditions of pressure and temperature. This method is intrinsically limited for such conditions due to the requirement for small sample volumes in order to attain very high pressure on the one hand and recrystallization at high temperature on the other hand, both of which are detrimental to powder statistics. The use of well established monochromatic single crystal diffraction as an alternative in such cases is often hampered by the lack of mobility and/or access of crystals within pressure devices. White beam Laue diffraction on static samples may offer a solution to this problem. This technique has already been exploited by the protein community mostly for time resolved measurements. It's application to small unit-cell inorganic materials is however complicated by the lack of data redundancy. The combination of white beam Laue diffraction with a micro-focused beam allows selectively probing individual crystallites within a diamond anvil cell (DAC) without the need to move the sample in the beam. However, to make this method a valid tool, a number of specific problems inherent to Laue diffraction have to be addressed. 1) Experimental geometry: Due to the nature of Laue diffraction, reciprocal space is covered mostly at high diffraction angles. This requires either a DAC with very wide opening or a set-up involving X-ray transparent gaskets. 2) energy specific absorption and Lorentz corrections: These can be done analytically and do not pose any serious problems. 3) harmonic overlap: Independent of symmetry and unit cell size, a significant fraction of observed reflections consist of two or more harmonic reflections, whose intensities need to be deconvoluted. This can be in principle solved using a lower energy threshold as offered by the Pilatus detector. Alternatives are deconvolution during refinement starting from non overlapped peaks, analogous to the Rietveld method in powder diffraction or - in the future - fully energy discriminating area detectors. A third alternative currently explored on the high-pressure beamline of the Advanced Light Source is step-scanning the monochromator across the available energy spectrum. 4) incident spectrum normalization: This is not straight forward since it is usually convoluted with detector response and cannot be easily measured. We found that comparing the measured intensities of a structurally well characterized crystal (e.g. calcite) with the calculated structure factor allows to establish a very satisfactory correction curve that includes both the variation in the flux and in the detector response. We will present details of procedures developed, together with examples of first structure solutions and refinements. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kunz, M AU - Tamura, N AU - Dejoie, C AU - Baerlocher, C AU - McCusker, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract MR41A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1641011030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Interpreting+intensities+from+white+beam+single-crystal+Laue+diffraction%3B+a+tool+for+structural+characterization+of+Earth+materials+at+extreme+conditions&rft.au=Kunz%2C+M%3BTamura%2C+N%3BDejoie%2C+C%3BBaerlocher%2C+C%3BMcCusker%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kunz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Core formation in planetesimals; textural analyses from 3D synchrotron imaging and complex systems modeling AN - 1641010981; 2015-002030 AB - Recent scenarios of core formation in planetesimals using calculations from planetary dynamists and from extinct radionuclides (e.g. 26Al, 60Fe), call for segregation of a metal liquid (core) from both solid silicate and a partially molten silicate - a silicate mush - matrix. These segregation scenarios require segregation of metallic metal along fracture networks or by the growth of molten core material into blebs large enough to overcome the strength of the mush matrix. Such segregation scenarios usually involve high strain rates so that separation can occur, which is in agreement with the accretion model of planetary growth. Experimental work has suggested deformation and shear can help develop fracture networks and coalesce metallic blebs. Here, we have developed an innovative approach that currently combines 2D textures in experimental deformation experiments on a partially molten natural meteorite with complex network analyses. 3D textural data from experimental samples, deformed at high strain rates, with or without silicate melts present, have been obtained by synchrotron-based high resolution hard x-ray microtomography imaging. A series of two-dimensional images is collected as the sample is rotated, and tomographic reconstruction yields the full 3D representation of the sample. Virtual slices through the 3D object in any arbitrary direction can be visualized, or the full data set can be visualized by volume rendering. More importantly, automated image filtering and segmentation allows the extraction of boundaries between the various phases. The volumes, shapes, and distributions of each phase, and the connectivity between them, can then be quantitatively analysed, and these results can be compared to models. We are currently using these new visual data sets to augment our 2D data. These results will be included in our current complex system analytical approach. This integrated method can elucidate and quantify the growth of metallic blebs in regions where a silicate mush matrix is present and help predict separation, in addition to addressing rates and timescales predicted by earlier modelling on silicate-free samples. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rushmer, T A AU - Tordesillas, A AU - Walker, D M AU - Parkinson, D Y AU - Clark, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract MR33A EP - 2431 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1641010981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Core+formation+in+planetesimals%3B+textural+analyses+from+3D+synchrotron+imaging+and+complex+systems+modeling&rft.au=Rushmer%2C+T+A%3BTordesillas%2C+A%3BWalker%2C+D+M%3BParkinson%2C+D+Y%3BClark%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rushmer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resistive heating in radial geometry diamond anvil cell AN - 1637543245; 2014-104209 AB - High temperature and pressure experiments are important for understanding deep Earth geodynamics. Radial x-ray diffraction from samples under high pressure within a diamond anvil cell(DAC) provide information on lattice strain and crystallite preferred orientation. Understanding the development of crystallographic preferred orientation is essential for identifying deformation mechanisms as well as assessing anisotropy of bulk physical properties. Many high pressure radial diffraction experiments in the diamond anvil cell are performed at room temperature. For high temperatures, laser heating can be used but this technique produces large temperature gradients. Resistive heating provides a more homogeneous temperature distribution and covers the inaccessible low temperature range (1300 K at relatively low power loads of approximately 200 watts. The laser machining produces very uniform heater geometry which allows us to obtain reproducible temperatures in the rDAC. The assembly is modular and self supporting which allows for ease of assembly a requirement if users are to install the heater in a cell themselves. We are currently applying this technique to study lattice preferred orientation changes during phase transformations. We study the transformation of coesite and stishovite that occurs in the deep crust, and olivine transforming to ringwoodite and then to magnesiowuestite and perovskite in the lower mantle. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zepeda-Alarcon, E AU - Knight, J W AU - MacDowell, A AU - Miyagi, L M AU - Kaercher, P M AU - Kanitpanyacharoen, W AU - Wenk, H AU - Williams, Q C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract MR23A EP - 2391 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637543245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Resistive+heating+in+radial+geometry+diamond+anvil+cell&rft.au=Zepeda-Alarcon%2C+E%3BKnight%2C+J+W%3BMacDowell%2C+A%3BMiyagi%2C+L+M%3BKaercher%2C+P+M%3BKanitpanyacharoen%2C+W%3BWenk%2C+H%3BWilliams%2C+Q+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zepeda-Alarcon&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calcite dissolution driven by a CO (sub 2) -rich solution in a flow-through capillary tube; experiment and pore-scale modeling AN - 1637543058; 2014-104004 AB - Mineral reaction rates determined in laboratory experiments, typically done in well stirred conditions, seek to capture the limitations imposed solely by the reactive process itself. In subsurface environments, processes that take place at the pore scale, especially those involving mass transport limitations to reactive surfaces, result in continuum-scale rates that depart from those predicted by laboratory studies. Understanding of pore-scale processes affecting rates applicable at the continuum- or field scale is necessary to improve the predictive capability of field scale models. Field scale models are widely used for predictions of long-term mineralization rates in applications such as geologic sequestration of CO (sub 2) . To explore the pore scale processes that lead to the discrepancy between laboratory and continuum-scale rates, we perform a flow through capillary tube experiment. The capillary tube, approximately 0.7-cm in length and 500-mu m in diameter, is packed with crushed calcite (Iceland spar). The 3D pore structure is imaged by x-ray computed microtomography (mu CT) at Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light Source at a 0.899-mu m resolution. A solution in equilibrium with a partial pressure of CO (sub 2) of 4 bar is injected in the capillary and the effluent concentrations of calcium are measured over 2.5 hours to ensure steady state conditions. The experiment is then simulated with a pore-scale reactive transport model comprised of high performance simulation tools and algorithms for incompressible flow, transport and multicomponent geochemical reactions using a direct numerical simulation approach. The simulation domain is constructed from the mu CT image using implicit functions to represent the mineral surface locally on a grid. A Cartesian grid embedded boundary method, whereby interfacial surfaces are described by a cut-cell approach, is used to directly account for the surface area available for reaction--rather than treating reactive surface area as a continuum-scale parameter. Simulations are performed using up to 23,000 processors on NERSC's Cray XE6 Hopper to achieve grid resolution of 2.473 mu m. In order to validate the pore scale model, simulation results are compared to the experimentally-measured effluent concentrations. Discrepancies between simulated and observed concentrations are used to discuss research gaps and inform future work, in particular pertaining to surface area characterization. Concentration gradients resolved at the sub-pore scale in the model result are used as an indicator of transport limitations to reactive surfaces, and thus to average reaction rates. We show that novel experimental and characterization techniques combined with high-performance modeling tools can significantly contribute to the understanding of pore scale processes, allowing us to bridge the gap between lab and field reaction rates. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Molins, S AU - Trebotich, D P AU - Shen, C AU - Yang, L AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Steefel, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H52C EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637543058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Calcite+dissolution+driven+by+a+CO+%28sub+2%29+-rich+solution+in+a+flow-through+capillary+tube%3B+experiment+and+pore-scale+modeling&rft.au=Molins%2C+S%3BTrebotich%2C+D+P%3BShen%2C+C%3BYang%2C+L%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BSteefel%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/H/sessions/H52C/abstracts/H52C-06.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct observation of phase transitions; in situ diffraction measurements at the crystal scale AN - 1637542940; 2014-104206 AB - Phase transitions often display determinate crystallographic orientation relationships between parent and symmetrically degenerate daughter domains. Preferred variant selection and orientation memory under the influence of deviatoric stress are the 'fingerprints' of the transformation mechanism, driving force, and microstructure. For the alpha -epsilon transition in iron - significant to the structure and anisotropy of the Earth's inner core - these have been studied primarily by texture analysis of polycrystalline powders; the convoluted nature of these data, however, render it essentially impossible to examine variant selection, and even precise orientation relationships themselves. Recently developed X-ray diffraction techniques have made it possible to answer these questions. Results from two measurements are presented. First, heterogeneous variant selection was observed and the specific alpha /epsilon orientation relationship was determined under quasi-static loading using High Energy Diffraction Microscopy at beamline 1-ID of APS-ANL. Second, the spatial heterogeneity and mutual exclusivity among epsilon variants was observed at the incipient transition using the Laue mu -diffraction technique at beamline 12.3.2. of ALS-LBNL. In both cases, a 60X25mu m single crystal of iron was pressurized in a DAC and measured before and after the alpha -epsilon transition at 13GPa. In the HEDM experiment, spatial resolution is sacrificed for domain-averaged orientation and strain resoltuion, making it possible to quantify the magnitude of the applied deviatoric stress in situ. In the Laue mu -Diffraction technique, the local lattice orientations are mapped with 1mu m resolution, displaying marked spatial variation. These pilot experiments open new possibilities for investigating high pressure/high temperature transformations in situ. By mapping both orientations and lattice strains, the nature of the mechanisms and driving forces can be illuminated. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Funding through the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program (10- ERD-053) is gratefully acknowledged. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bernier, J V AU - Barton, N R AU - Farber, D AU - Wenk, H AU - Kunz, M AU - Lienert, U AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract MR23A EP - 2388 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637542940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Direct+observation+of+phase+transitions%3B+in+situ+diffraction+measurements+at+the+crystal+scale&rft.au=Bernier%2C+J+V%3BBarton%2C+N+R%3BFarber%2C+D%3BWenk%2C+H%3BKunz%2C+M%3BLienert%2C+U%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bernier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early detection of brine and CO2 leakage through abandoned wells using pressure and surface deformation monitoring data AN - 1637533476; 2014-103884 AB - To reduce the risks of CO2 or brine leakage in geological CO2 storage (GCS), we have proposed a framework for early leakage detection. Our early leakage detection system is based on the idea of (1) using anomalies in the signals of fast-propagating pressure-buildup waves and pressurization-induced surface deformation to locate, identify, and quantify caprock imperfections (e.g., leaky faults and abandoned wells) as early as possible, (2) predicting the time-dependent risks of CO2 leakage through these features, and (3) guiding mitigation measures to minimize leakage rate and volume. The core of the framework is to jointly utilize high-frequency pressure data and high-spatial-resolution surface deformation data to improve the detectability of leak signals and reduce the uncertainties in locating leaky pathways. The pressure anomalies caused by well/fault brine leakage can be detected significantly earlier than CO2 leakage signals measurable with conventional monitoring techniques based on the presence of leaked CO2. However, the success of locating and quantifying the leakage using pressure data depends on the number and distribution of monitoring wells relative to the leaky pathways, as well as the data noises arising from changes in operational and environmental conditions. Surface deformation InSAR data, which can measure ground displacement on an order of centimeters or millimeters and provide dense spatial resolution at a scale of kilometers, might be able to add good complementary information for locating and detecting leakage pathways. In this study, we first demonstrated the concept and feasibility of early leakage detection using pressure data for idealized scenarios. The pressure anomalies (i.e., the differences between leakage and no-leakage scenarios) were strongly sensitive to the location and permeability of a leaky abandoned well considered. The high-permeability leaky well was successfully identified, and its permeability was accurately calibrated. We then assessed the impact of data uncertainty on detecting the leaky pathway and estimating its hydrogeological properties by inverse modeling. When pressure noises readily measurable in the field were introduced, accurate detection and estimation was delayed, in comparison to that in the idealized scenarios, because an extended period of monitoring was required. In this case, the joint inversion of pressure and surface deformation data enabled us to detect in advance the leaky pathway, prior to the arrival of slow-migrating CO2 plume. Moreover, the joint use of the surface deformation data not only guided locating the leaky well but also aided calibrating the leaky-well permeability. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jung, Yoojin AU - Zhou, Q AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H44B EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637533476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Early+detection+of+brine+and+CO2+leakage+through+abandoned+wells+using+pressure+and+surface+deformation+monitoring+data&rft.au=Jung%2C+Yoojin%3BZhou%2C+Q%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Yoojin&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/H/sessions/H44B/abstracts/H44B-06.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding uranium behavior in a reduced aquifer AN - 1637531397; 2014-101089 AB - Uranium contamination of groundwater is a concern at several US Department of Energy sites, such Old Rifle, CO. Uranium transport in the environment is mainly controlled by its oxidation state, since oxidized U(VI) is relatively mobile, whereas U(IV) is relatively insoluble. Bio-remediation of contaminated aquifers aims at immobilizing uranium in a reduced form. Previous laboratory and field studies have shown that adding electron donor (lactate, acetate, ethanol) to groundwater stimulates the activity of metal- and sulfate-reducing bacteria, which promotes U(VI) reduction in contaminated aquifers. However, obtaining information on chemical and physical forms of U, Fe and S species for sediments biostimulated in the field, as well as kinetic parameters such as U(VI) reduction rate, is challenging due to the low concentration of uranium in the aquifers (typically < 10 ppm) and the expense of collecting large number of cores. An in-situ technique has been developed for studying uranium, iron and sulfur reduction dynamics during such bioremediation episodes. This technique uses in-well columns to obtain direct access to chemical and physical forms of U(IV) produced in the aquifer, evolving microbial communities, and trace and major ion groundwater constituents. While several studies have explored bioreduction of uranium under sulfate-reducing conditions, less attention has been paid to the initial iron-reducing phase, noted as being of particular importance to uranium removal. The aim of this work was to assess the formation of U(IV) during the early stages of a bio-remediation experiment at the Old Rifle site, CO, from early iron-reducing conditions to the transition to sulfate-reducing conditions. Several in-well chromatographic columns packed with sediment were deployed and were sampled at different days after the start of bio-reduction. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray microscopy were used to obtain information on Fe, S and U speciation and distribution. Chemical extractions of the reduced sediments have also been performed, to determine the rate of Fe(II) and U(IV) accumulation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Janot, N AU - Lezama-Pacheco, J S AU - Williams, K H AU - Bernier-Latmani, R AU - Long, P E AU - Davis, J A AU - Fox, P M AU - Yang, L AU - Giammar, D AU - Cerrato, J M AU - Bargar, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H34C EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637531397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Understanding+uranium+behavior+in+a+reduced+aquifer&rft.au=Janot%2C+N%3BLezama-Pacheco%2C+J+S%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BBernier-Latmani%2C+R%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BDavis%2C+J+A%3BFox%2C+P+M%3BYang%2C+L%3BGiammar%2C+D%3BCerrato%2C+J+M%3BBargar%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Janot&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical characterization and reactive transport modeling to quantify plume behavior AN - 1637531042; 2014-101065 AB - Predictions of subsurface contaminant plume mobility and remediation often fail due to the inability to tractably characterize heterogeneous flow-and-transport properties and monitor critical geochemical transitions over plume-relevant scales. This study presents two recently developed strategies to quantify and predict states and processes across scales that govern plume behavior. Development of both strategies takes advantage of multi-scale and disparate datasets and has involved the use of reactive transport models, geophysical methods, and stochastic integration approaches. The first approach, called reactive facies, exploits coupled physiochemical heterogeneity to characterize subsurface flow and transport properties that impact plume sorption and thus mobility. We develop and test the reactive facies concept within uranium contaminated Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments that underlie the U.S. Department of Energy Savannah River Site, F-Area, South Carolina. Through analysis of field data (core samples, geophysical well logs, and cross-hole ground penetrating radar and seismic datasets) coupled with laboratory sorption studies, we have identified two reactive facies that have unique distributions of mineralogy, texture, porosity, hydraulic conductivity and geophysical attributes. We develop and use facies-based relationships with geophysical data in a Bayesian framework to spatially distribute reactive facies and their associated transport properties and uncertainties along local and plume-scale geophysical transects. To illustrate the value of reactive facies, we used the geophysically-obtained reactive facies properties to parameterize reactive transport models and simulate the migration of an acidic-U(VI) plume through the 2D domains. Modeling results suggest that each identified reactive facies exerts control on plume evolution, highlighting the usefulness of the reactive facies concept and approach for spatially distributing properties that control flow and transport over field-relevant scales as is needed for predicting the plume behavior. The second approach focuses on identifying diagnostic signatures of critical system transitions. We develop a data-driven statistical approach in which we assume the biogeochemical process can be classified into several states that can be characterized using Hidden Markov models. We use a Bayesian approach to estimate the probability of being in each state over time and space by conditioning to the time-series of the measured borehole geochemical data and geophysical time-lapse data. We apply the developed method to the Rifle DOE field study site using data collected during a bioremediation experiment (including time-lapse surface spectral induced polarization data) to estimate critical redox transitions that influence uranium mobility. We compare the complementary nature of the data-driven approach with mechanistic reactive transport models in understanding and predicting critical system transitions and as a step towards development of autonomous monitoring and assimilation approaches needed to assess long-term plume behavior. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Wainwright, H M AU - Bea, S A AU - Spycher, N AU - Li, L AU - Sassen, D AU - Chen, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H33N EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637531042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geophysical+characterization+and+reactive+transport+modeling+to+quantify+plume+behavior&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+S+S%3BWainwright%2C+H+M%3BBea%2C+S+A%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BLi%2C+L%3BSassen%2C+D%3BChen%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of approaches for hydrogeophysical joint inversion using a parallel computing platform AN - 1637531013; 2014-100992 AB - Owing to the computational demands of joint inverse problems, we have developed a parallel inversion framework based on the inverse modeling tool iTOUGH2. The software provides inverse modeling capabilities for TOUGH2, a general-purpose simulator for multiphase, multicomponent, non-isothermal flows in multidimensional fractured-porous media. Our parallel version of iTOUGH2 realizes a hierarchically parallel architecture using the Message Passing Interface. This architecture allows for large numbers of parallel processes to be employed for addressing many-parameter inverse problems on large meshes. To provide geophysical modeling capabilities, we have further combined iTOUGH2 with the geophysical simulator Electromagnetic Geological Mapper (EMGeo), which features a suite of methods for modeling electrical and electromagnetic data types, including controlled-source electromagnetics, magnetotellurics, electrical resistivity tomography, and (spectral) induced polarization. Here, we consider the estimation of hydrological parameters through inverse modeling of hydrological and geophysical data associated with experiments from the shallow unconfined uranium-contaminated aquifer at the DOE Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site at Rifle, Colorado. Our study draws on examples from ongoing research at the IFRC site, and investigates different approaches for jointly inverting electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and tracer concentration data. Exploiting complementary hydrological-geophysical modeling and parallel computing capabilities of the inversion framework, we investigate a few sequential and coupled inversion approaches, initially using synthetic examples. In the first approach, done as a pre-processing step before hydrological inversion, geophysical inversion of crosswell ERT data yields spatial maps of the subsurface electrical resistivity. During subsequent hydrological inversion, these maps are matched with their counterparts calculated from a simulated conductive tracer injection, requiring a petrophysical model to link hydrological and geophysical attributes. The second approach involves a direct joint inversion of hydrological and geophysical measurements. During this iterative procedure, the subsurface electrical resistivity distribution is updated through a petrophysical model from the current hydrological parameter state and the ERT measurements are simulated. The simulated and measured ERT and hydrological data are concurrently matched in the estimation of unknown hydrological parameters. The third approach involves a coupled inversion using common-structure constraints based on the minimization of cross-gradients. Similar to the first method, this can be carried out sequentially, using the image resulting from the inversion of either the hydrological or geophysical dataset to constrain the subsequent inversion of the other dataset. Using model parameterization with varying complexity, we demonstrate the potential model resolution enhancement achieved by the various methods, as well as pitfalls that can arise in their application. While the benefits of including geophysical data for stabilizing the inverse problem are demonstrated for each approach, it is evident that the geophysical data must be implemented in the inversion framework with utmost care to avoid biased hydrological parameter estimates. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Commer, M AU - Kowalsky, M B AU - Doetsch, J AU - Newman, G A AU - Finsterle, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H33D EP - 1363 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637531013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+approaches+for+hydrogeophysical+joint+inversion+using+a+parallel+computing+platform&rft.au=Commer%2C+M%3BKowalsky%2C+M+B%3BDoetsch%2C+J%3BNewman%2C+G+A%3BFinsterle%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Commer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upscaling of U(VI) desorption modeling from batch scale to decimeter scale AN - 1637530946; 2014-101086 AB - Uranium (VI) is a contaminant of concern in several groundwater aquifers at many former uranium mills and processing facilities. Understanding the migration of U(VI) is important in assessing the risk of groundwater contamination and the efficacy of treatment options. Accurate prediction of field-scale migration is difficult because often key model parameters such as adsorption equilibrium and rate parameters are determined in batch scale experiments. These parameters need to be upscaled when used to simulate larger scale simulations. To better understand the impact of scale on transport, this research incorporates previous batch scale experimental data in the interpretation of decimeter scale tank experiments involving uranium desorption. In the decimeter scale experiments, different grain size fractions were used to create porous media systems with known physical and chemical heterogeneity. Tracer results allowed hydraulic parameters to be calibrated independently of chemical equilibrium parameters. Geochemical observations were used to evaluate alternative adsorption and mass transfer models with varying complexity. Surface complexation models derived from batch experiments were evaluated under different decimeter scale model conditions. A two dimensional reactive transport model was calibrated to the decimeter scale experiments and the model reproduced the observed transport. The flux-averaged concentrations exiting the tank were also reproduced by a one dimensional model that included a dual porosity formulation to account for heterogeneity. The decimeter scale model calibrations help determine the effectiveness of these methods of reducing complexity, which can later be applied to improve predictions of tracer and site scale systems. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kannappan, R AU - Hay, M B AU - Miller, A W AU - Kohler, M AU - Rodriguez, D AU - Davis, J A AU - Curtis, G P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H34C EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637530946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Upscaling+of+U%28VI%29+desorption+modeling+from+batch+scale+to+decimeter+scale&rft.au=Kannappan%2C+R%3BHay%2C+M+B%3BMiller%2C+A+W%3BKohler%2C+M%3BRodriguez%2C+D%3BDavis%2C+J+A%3BCurtis%2C+G+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kannappan&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data-driven modeling of radionuclide inventory at the Savannah River Site F-area seepage basins and implications for long-term behavior predictions AN - 1637530921; 2014-101091 AB - The availability of data is a major constraint in the development of a conceptual model and predictions of physical and chemical processes impacting contaminant behavior in the subsurface. For example, a wealth of data has been collected over the past 60 years from a network of several hundred groundwater wells and surface water monitoring stations at the Department of Energy (DOE) Savannah River Site (SRS). The data were collected during and following the release of low-level liquid waste into seepage basins, as well as during the application of various groundwater remediation techniques. The result is a dataset of over 350,000 measurements. To analyze these data, we used a new data management system being developed as part of the DOE initiative on Advanced Simulation Capability for Environmental Management (ASCEM). This system was developed for easier access, management, visualization, and exploration of large amounts of heterogeneous data. Using this system, we developed a data-driven model for the evaluation of a mass balance and the inventory of the F-Area seepage basins and the groundwater plume. Process operations at the F-area led to the discharge of more than 4X10 (super 9) L of low-level liquid radioactive waste containing tritium, uranium and fission products into the seepage basins. Between 1953 and 1989, 8.6X10 (super 4) Ci (corrected for evaporation and decay to 1989) of tritium was released into the basins according to operational data. Starting in the 1960s, SRS monitored radioactivity in the Fourmile Branch (FMB) located downgradient of the basins. Through 1989 around 43% of the total release was detected in FMB, leaving an estimated inventory of 57% in the subsurface as of 1989. This model was used to assess the sources of uncertainty in the mass balance calculations. The results of calculations of the tritium inventory in groundwater were compared with those from monitoring data prior to remediation, as well as were used to estimate the time needed to achieve the tritium MCL level under natural attenuation conditions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wiedmer, A AU - Hunt, J R AU - Agarwal, D AU - Faybishenko, B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H34C EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637530921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Data-driven+modeling+of+radionuclide+inventory+at+the+Savannah+River+Site+F-area+seepage+basins+and+implications+for+long-term+behavior+predictions&rft.au=Wiedmer%2C+A%3BHunt%2C+J+R%3BAgarwal%2C+D%3BFaybishenko%2C+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wiedmer&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of potential pH-driven metal release due to elevated groundwater CO (sub 2) concentrations AN - 1637527693; 2014-101052 AB - The injection of carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) emissions from industrial sources into deep geologic formations is a potential option for the control of CO (sub 2) concentrations in the atmosphere. While the risk of CO (sub 2) migration from the storage reservoir into potable groundwater is low considering the safeguards of site characterization and permitting, it is important to understand what type of potential impacts could occur and how to identify these impacts. Elevated CO (sub 2) concentrations may potentially lead to a decrease in groundwater pH and the subsequent release of metals and ions from natural sediments into the groundwater solution. In this risk scenario, potential metal release processes, such as enhanced mineral dissolution, metal desorption and/or ion exchange reactions, may be driven by changes in groundwater pH, the presence of carbonate ligands in solution or a combination of the two. However, a detailed understanding and a distinction of pH-driven and carbonate-driven metal release reactions are important for the development of site monitoring plans and remediation strategies, required by regulations in the unlikely event of a release. Hence, in this study we characterized metal release from natural sediments into synthetic groundwater solutions at two pH conditions in order to mimic the native groundwater pH (pH nearly equal 8.5) and the low pH conditions expected in the event of elevated CO (sub 2) concentrations (pH nearly equal 5). In addition, results are compared between tests performed in the presence and absence of elevated CO (sub 2) . Metal release was investigated in lab-scale sequential leaching experiments using two sediment types with different organic carbon contents over a time-frame of 25 days. Supernatant solutions were monitored for pH and characterized in terms of metal concentrations (ICP-MS), total inorganic carbon (TIC) and anion composition. Furthermore, experimental results were compared with data from a field study involving the controlled release of groundwater containing dissolved CO (sub 2) . In the absence of CO (sub 2) , we observed pH shifts during lab-scale experiments, which were driven by the natural buffering and pH of sediments. Furthermore, it was determined that a large group of metals (e.g., Mg, Mn, Ni, Co) follows very similar trends, which are characterized by fast, initial metal release and higher metal concentrations mobilized from organic-rich than organic-poor sediments. For these metals, release characteristics are very comparable in the absence and presence of CO (sub 2) , suggesting primarily pH-driven release processes. Currently, numerical models are developed to simulate lab and field results, and to further elucidate the underlying metal release mechanisms. Modeling results will be summarized in a companion presentation by Zheng et al. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tinnacher, R M AU - Varadharajan, C AU - Zheng, L AU - Spycher, N AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Trautz, R C AU - Pugh, J D AU - Esposito, R AU - Nico, P S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H33L EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637527693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+potential+pH-driven+metal+release+due+to+elevated+groundwater+CO+%28sub+2%29+concentrations&rft.au=Tinnacher%2C+R+M%3BVaradharajan%2C+C%3BZheng%2C+L%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BTrautz%2C+R+C%3BPugh%2C+J+D%3BEsposito%2C+R%3BNico%2C+P+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tinnacher&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of secondary mineral grain coatings and their role as diffusion-controlled sinks and sources for metal contaminants AN - 1637527635; 2014-101088 AB - Many important geochemical reactions occur at the mineral-water interface, including sorption and desorption reactions of contaminants. Fundamental knowledge of the kinetics of these processes is based primarily on experimental observations of reactions at faces of single crystals or macroscopic data from pure mineral powder suspensions. Sorption reactions at crystal faces are generally very fast, on the order of microseconds or less, with reaction times often limited only by film diffusion at the mineral-water interface. In well-stirred suspensions of aquifer sediments, however, sorptive equilibrium can take many hours or days to achieve steady-state concentrations. We have examined the potential reasons for sorption rate limitation using uranium(VI) sorption by sediments from a sandy aquifer in Savannah River, South Carolina (USA). U(VI) sorption by sand-sized grains from the aquifer is dominated by reaction with secondary mineral coatings on quartz and feldspar grains. The coatings studied were on the order of 15 microns in thickness (i.e., from quartz grain to aqueous solution) and composed primarily of clay minerals and hematite of varying particle size. Microfocused-XRF imaging of elemental concentrations (e.g., U, Fe) of polished cross-sections of the grain/coating contact showed strong spatial correlations of U and Fe within the coatings, regardless of the length of reaction time (30 minutes to 4 weeks). The spatial resolution of the mu -XRF technique is of the order of 2 microns in horizontal directions, but the uncertainty of the observed spatial gradients is high due to grain curvature away from the polished surface and fluorescence contributed from the entire 30 micron thickness of a typical grain/epoxy thin section. TEM characterization of focused-ion-beam (FIB), vertically-extracted samples of the grain-coating contact shows that complex pore networks exist within the coatings of variable dimensions and unknown connectivity. Using scanning TEM (STEM) tomography, it can be seen that there are large numbers of pore throat sizes less than 10 nm within the coatings. We hypothesize that diffusion through these pores, which likely have electrically charged surfaces, controls the observed macroscopic rates of U(VI) sorption in batch experiments with sand grains. Evidence to support this hypothesis was observed by studying U and Fe fluorescence spatial variation within FIB samples (1 micron thick) at 200 nm spatial resolution. With this greater spatial resolution, it is possible to see U concentration variations within the coatings that are dependent on the time of sorption reaction, and illustrates how the coating environment constitutes a diffusion constraint to achieve adsorptive equilibrium between an aqueous phase and the mineral surfaces. Including this diffusion constraint within conceptual models for reactive contaminant transport may be significant at the field scale, because secondary mineral coatings are potentially both sinks and sources of contaminants depending on the history of a contaminated site. This is important in resolving long-term transport predictions at DOE sites, such as Hanford and Savannah River, where equilibrium versus kinetic reactive transport models are being evaluated. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Davis, J A AU - Guo, H AU - Lai, B AU - Kemner, K M AU - Ercius, P AU - Fox, P M AU - Singer, D M AU - Minor, A AU - Waychunas, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H34C EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637527635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+secondary+mineral+grain+coatings+and+their+role+as+diffusion-controlled+sinks+and+sources+for+metal+contaminants&rft.au=Davis%2C+J+A%3BGuo%2C+H%3BLai%2C+B%3BKemner%2C+K+M%3BErcius%2C+P%3BFox%2C+P+M%3BSinger%2C+D+M%3BMinor%2C+A%3BWaychunas%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical interpretation of laboratory and field data showing CO (sub 2) -induced groundwater changes AN - 1637526968; 2014-101053 AB - One of the issues related to the risk assessment of CO2 geological sequestration is the potential impact of leaking CO2 on shallow groundwater quality. Numerous studies have been conducted using laboratory tests, natural analogues and numerical models to evaluate the changes in ion concentrations in groundwater induced by elevated CO2 concentrations. In this study, a controlled-release field experiment, integrated with laboratory tests and numerical modeling, has been conducted to simulate the release of CO2 from a geologic storage site. This allowed us to study the transport as well as the chemical mechanisms leading to the CO2-induced mobilization of trace elements. The field test involved a dipole system in which the groundwater was pumped from one well, saturated with CO2 at the pressure corresponding to the hydraulic pressure of the aquifer, and then re-injected into the same aquifer using a second well. Groundwater quality data were collected in four monitoring wells. At the same time, a series of lab-scale sequential leaching experiments were carried out with synthetic groundwater solutions at different pH conditions and CO2 concentrations. Although concentration changes of some ions are generally comparable for laboratory and field tests, the release of some trace elements was observed in the laboratory but not in the field test. This might be attributed to differences in test setup and scale. In this presentation, we will discuss numerical model interpretations of both laboratory and field tests, aiming to reconcile the differences in the datasets with consistent geochemical models. This will further allow us to gain new insights on the geochemical mechanisms potentially involved in the CO2-induced mobilization of trace elements. Modeling results show that aquifer sediments possess weak pH buffering capacity provided by surface protonation reactions and possibly the dissolution of carbonate minerals. The dissolution of calcite and subsequent calcium-driven cation exchange reactions provide one possible explanation for the observed increase in concentrations of alkali and alkaline earth metals. A refinement of the geochemical model is currently ongoing to gain a better understanding of the different release characteristics of some elements in laboratory and field tests. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zheng, L AU - Tinnacher, R M AU - Varadharajan, C AU - Spycher, N AU - Bianchi, M AU - Nico, P S AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Trautz, R C AU - Pugh, J D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H33L EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637526968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Numerical+interpretation+of+laboratory+and+field+data+showing+CO+%28sub+2%29+-induced+groundwater+changes&rft.au=Zheng%2C+L%3BTinnacher%2C+R+M%3BVaradharajan%2C+C%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BBianchi%2C+M%3BNico%2C+P+S%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BTrautz%2C+R+C%3BPugh%2C+J+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress towards coupled simulation of surface/subsurface hydrologic processes and terrestrial ecosystem dynamics using the community models PFLOTRAN and CLM AN - 1637526862; 2014-101020 AB - Accurately simulating regional water cycle dynamics is challenging because of strong soil moisture-rainfall feedbacks and large uncertainties associated with vegetation and energy interactions. Earth system models of today cannot accurately capture such interactions, because current-generation land surface models (LSMs) 1) do not explicitly represent the fine-scale spatial variability of topography, soils, and vegetation that play a significant role in determining the response of hydrologic states (soil moisture) and fluxes (interception, infiltration, runoff, evapotranspiration) and 2) over-simplify or completely omit some key physical processes, such as lateral flow of water and heat, surface-subsurface interactions, realistic groundwater-vadose zone interactions, and freeze-thaw dynamics. Capturing such processes is critically important for predicting regional precipitation, vegetation productivity, and the disposition of carbon stored in potentially vulnerable permafrost under scenarios of climate change. Towards this end, we have added coupled surface water-groundwater interactions to the the open-source, massively parallel flow and reactive transport model PFLOTRAN, and have been developing a framework for coupling PFLOTRAN with the Community Land Model (CLM). PFLOTRAN is an open-source (LGPL-licensed) code -- with a growing community of users -- developed for simulation of multiscale, multiphase, multicomponent subsurface flow and reactive transport problems on machines ranging from laptops to leadership-class supercomputers. It has been applied in studies of contaminant fate and transport, geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration, and geothermal energy production, among others, and has been run using up to 262,144 processor cores on Jaguar, the Cray XK6 supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We have recently added a surface flow component in PFLOTRAN that is integrated with the subsurface. The underlying solver framework employed allows significant flexibility in how the governing equations are solved, and we will compare different surface flow formulations as well as coupling strategies between the surface and subsurface domains. Additionally, for studies of hydrology in Arctic regions, we have added a three-phase ice model. We will present some demonstrations of this capability and discuss solver strategies for handling the strong nonlinearities that arise. To provide a unified treatment of the unsaturated and saturated zones and to enable lateral redistribution of soil moisture (and eventually surface water, heat, and nutrients) in regional climate models, we have developed an approach for coupling PFLOTRAN with CLM. CLM is the global land model component used within the Community Earth System Model (CESM) to simulate an extensive set of biogeophysical and biogeochemical processes occurring at or near the terrestrial surface. We will describe our approach for replacing the existing CLM hydrology using PFLOTRAN and present some preliminary simulations undertaken with the CLM-PFLOTRAN coupled model. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mills, R T AU - Bisht, G AU - Karra, S AU - Hoffman, F M AU - Hammond, G E AU - Kumar, J AU - Painter, S AU - Thornton, P E AU - Lichtner, P C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H33H EP - 1426 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637526862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Progress+towards+coupled+simulation+of+surface%2Fsubsurface+hydrologic+processes+and+terrestrial+ecosystem+dynamics+using+the+community+models+PFLOTRAN+and+CLM&rft.au=Mills%2C+R+T%3BBisht%2C+G%3BKarra%2C+S%3BHoffman%2C+F+M%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BKumar%2C+J%3BPainter%2C+S%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BLichtner%2C+P+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Averaged description of flow (steady and transient) and nonreactive solute transport in random porous media AN - 1637526660; 2014-101030 AB - We analyze an approach for finding the general forms of exactly averaged equations of flow and transport in porous media. At the core of this approach is the existence of appropriate random Green's functions. The existence of random Green's functions for physical linear processes is equivalent to the existence of some linear random operators for appropriate stochastic equations. If we restricted ourselves to this assumption only, we can study the processes in any dimensional bounded or unbounded fields and in addition, cases in which the random fields of conductivity and porosity are stochastically non-homogeneous, non-globally symmetrical, etc. It is clear that examining more general cases involves significant difficulty and constricts the analysis of structural types for the processes being studied. Nevertheless, we show that we obtain the essential information regarding averaged non-local equations for steady and transient flow, as well as for solute transport. We describe the general form for the exactly averaged system of basic equations of steady flow, non-steady transient flow and solute transport in arbitrary random bounded or unbounded domains of any dimension with sources and sinks. We examine the validity of the averaged descriptions and the generalized law for some nonlocal models. The approach does not require assuming the existence of any small parameters, for example, small scales of heterogeneity or small perturbation of conductivity field. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Shvidler, M I AU - Karasaki, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H33I EP - 1444 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637526660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Averaged+description+of+flow+%28steady+and+transient%29+and+nonreactive+solute+transport+in+random+porous+media&rft.au=Shvidler%2C+M+I%3BKarasaki%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shvidler&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subsurface monitoring of CO (sub 2) sequestration; a review and look forward AN - 1629945668; 2014-095635 AB - The injection of CO2 into subsurface formations is at least 50 years old with large-scale utilization of CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) beginning in the 1970s. Early monitoring efforts had limited measurements in available boreholes. With growing interest in CO2 sequestration beginning in the 1990's, along with growth in geophysical reservoir monitoring, small to mid-size sequestration monitoring projects began to appear. The overall goals of a subsurface monitoring plan are to provide measurement of CO2 induced changes in subsurface properties at a range of spatial and temporal scales. The range of spatial scales allows tracking of the location and saturation of the plume with varying detail, while finer temporal sampling (up to continuous) allows better understanding of dynamic processes (e.g. multi-phase flow) and constraining of reservoir models. Early monitoring of small scale pilots associated with CO2-EOR (e.g., the McElroy field and the Lost Hills field), developed many of the methodologies including tomographic imaging and multi-physics measurements. Large (reservoir) scale sequestration monitoring began with the Sleipner and Weyburn projects. Typically, large scale monitoring, such as 4D surface seismic, has limited temporal sampling due to costs. Smaller scale pilots can allow more frequent measurements as either individual time-lapse 'snapshots' or as continuous monitoring. Pilot monitoring examples include the Frio, Nagaoka and Otway pilots using repeated well logging, crosswell imaging, vertical seismic profiles and CASSM (continuous active-source seismic monitoring). For saline reservoir sequestration projects, there is typically integration of characterization and monitoring, since the sites are not pre-characterized resource developments (oil or gas), which reinforces the need for multi-scale measurements. As we move beyond pilot sites, we need to quantify CO2 plume and reservoir properties (e.g. pressure) over large scales, while still obtaining high resolution. Typically the high-resolution (spatial and temporal) tools are deployed in permanent or semi-permanent borehole installations, where special well design may be necessary, such as non-conductive casing for electrical surveys. Effective utilization of monitoring wells requires an approach of modular borehole monitoring (MBM) were multiple measurements can be made. An example is recent work at the Citronelle pilot injection site where an MBM package with seismic, fluid sampling and distributed fiber sensing was deployed. For future large scale sequestration monitoring, an adaptive borehole-monitoring program is proposed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Daley, T M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract GC53D EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629945668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Subsurface+monitoring+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration%3B+a+review+and+look+forward&rft.au=Daley%2C+T+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring deformation at The Geysers geothermal field, California using C-band and X-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar AN - 1629943343; 2014-093369 AB - Using two distinct sets of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data and permanent scatterer analysis we are able to resolve deformation at The Geysers geothermal field. The first set of observations utilize archived European Space Agency (ESA) C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from 1992 through 1999 to image the long-term and large-scale subsidence in the geothermal field. The peak subsidence rate of 51.5 mm/year agrees with previous estimates from leveling and global positioning system observations. Data from a second set of measurements, acquired by a recently tasked TerraSar-X satellite, extend from May 2011 until April 2012 and overlap the C-band data spatially but not temporally. The higher frequency X-band data provides a much higher density of permanent scatters (1122 per square kilometer) than the lower frequency C-band data (12 per square kilometer) over the area surrounding an enhanced geothermal system (EGS) injection well. The EGS injection well is part of an EGS demonstration project in the northern portion of The Geysers field. The X-band InSAR observations are sensitive to some 1 to 2 cm of deformation induced by water injected into the EGS well starting in October 2011. The temporal variation of the deformation is compatible with the displacement history calculated using coupled numerical modeling of the water injection. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vasco, D W AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Dobson, P F AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Ferretti, Alessandro AU - Rucci, Alessio AU - Novali, Fabrizio AU - Garcia, Julio AU - Walters, Mark AU - Hartline, Craig AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H12F EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629943343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Monitoring+deformation+at+The+Geysers+geothermal+field%2C+California+using+C-band+and+X-band+interferometric+synthetic+aperture+radar&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BDobson%2C+P+F%3BOldenburg%2C+C+M%3BFerretti%2C+Alessandro%3BRucci%2C+Alessio%3BNovali%2C+Fabrizio%3BGarcia%2C+Julio%3BWalters%2C+Mark%3BHartline%2C+Craig%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/H/sessions/H12F/abstracts/H12F-06.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Method for finding grains created by lightning discharge from the Younger Dryas boundary layer AN - 1629942809; 2014-093167 AB - Melted materials at the Younger Dryas boundary (YDB) are proposed to have been produced by an extraterrestrial impact. Critical evidence for this scenario is an unusual increase in the number of magnetic spherules in the YDB layer, dated to 12.9 ka. To investigate their origin, we separated sediment samples by density (2.89 g/cm (super 3) ) and size (greater than 0.15, 0.08, 0.05, and 0.036 mm). Next, the samples containing these spherules were subjected to repeated magnetic scanning. Initial scans were done over the grains smeared across the microscope glass and sandwiched with another microscopy glass cover and thin sheet of paper. After scanning, this sandwich was exposed to a 1-Tesla magnetic pulse, and more scans were obtained. Results indicate that a few magnetic grains displayed close to saturated remanent magnetism, consistent with having been exposed to lightning, while most of the spherules had not been exposed. This supports the hypothesis that some of these grains and spherules, which were associated with the extraterrestrial impact, could have been present in the plume cloud where lightning discharges formed due to convective air masses. If so, then a few may have formed after the impact during exposure to electric discharge along their flight path. Most of the spherules displayed no remanent magnetism, consistent with formation during the impact event, but inconsistent with formation by lightning. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kletetschka, G AU - Nabelek, Ladislav AU - West, Allen AU - Firestone, R B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract GP51A EP - 1304 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629942809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Method+for+finding+grains+created+by+lightning+discharge+from+the+Younger+Dryas+boundary+layer&rft.au=Kletetschka%2C+G%3BNabelek%2C+Ladislav%3BWest%2C+Allen%3BFirestone%2C+R+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kletetschka&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/GP/sessions/GP51A/abstracts/GP51A-1304.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas migration from a tight-/shale-gas reservoir to an overlying aquifer through long fractures, conductive faults and abandoned older wells AN - 1629942458; 2014-093249 AB - Natural gas from shale reservoirs has become an increasingly important energy resource in recent years. However, the environmental challenges posed by hydraulic fracturing (a necessary stimulation method in tight- and shale-gas reservoirs) remain poorly characterized. There exist theoretical risks of leakage of contaminants from such reservoirs through hydraulically-induced fractures into groundwater resources, but no rigorous model-based analysis has been performed to assess the magnitude of these risks. The mechanisms and quantities of fluids that may realistically be transmitted through induced fractures and faults between geological strata are unknown. Possible exacerbating factors in shale gas well completion or stimulation design are likewise unknown. Quantification of these factors is necessary to quantify possible environmental risks and to aid the industry in the continuing development of sustainable hydraulic fracturing practices. We used the TOUGH+RealGasH2O code to model the two-phase flow of water and gas through long conductive features (such as fractures, conductive faults and abandoned older wells) connecting shale gas systems to shallower aquifers. The complex 3D domains in this study involve Voronoi grids describing challenging geometries that include vertical wells (in the aquifers and abandoned older gas wells), the hydraulically fractured system along long horizontal wells, and thin vertically extensive features intersecting multiple geologic strata. We investigate various configurations of the fractured system, we determine the upper limit if the possible contaminant transport solutions stemming from "worst-case scenarios", and we conduct a thorough sensitivity analysis to determine the dominant mechanisms, conditions and parameters. These include the conductivity of vertically extensive faults and fractures, the relative pressure differential of the underlying shale layer and the aquifer, the permeabilities of the productive intervals, the vertical distances between layers, etc. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Moridis, G J AU - Freeman, C M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H11C EP - 1202 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629942458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Gas+migration+from+a+tight-%2Fshale-gas+reservoir+to+an+overlying+aquifer+through+long+fractures%2C+conductive+faults+and+abandoned+older+wells&rft.au=Moridis%2C+G+J%3BFreeman%2C+C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/H/sessions/H11C/abstracts/H11C-1202.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fast iterative implementation of nonlinear geostatistical inverse modeling AN - 1629942256; 2014-093326 AB - Previous research reduced the dimensionality of the under-determined geostatistical inverse problems from the number of unknowns (m) to the number of measurements (n), and a fair amount of reduction in computational cost have been achieved when n<90%. Current density reached 0.4 A/m2 at -0.2 V, to a max of over 1.0 A/m2 at or above nearly equal 0.0 V (based on geometric electrode surface area). Media exchanges and biofilm cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments indicate that electrode-attached microbial communities were responsible for primary electron transfer. Cryo-electron and confocal fluorescence microscopies of the biofilm reveal numerous morphologies of viable microorganisms that are currently being characterized using 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis. We studied how the microbial activity changed when the anode potential was varied. Altering the anode potential caused reversible changes in the mid-point potential(s), E (sub m) , measured using CV. Qualitatively, the average E (sub m) always shifted toward the set anode potential. A maximum shift in the peak of the derivative CV spectra of nearly equal 100 mV defines the approximate upper and lower E (sub m) values for the proteins contributing to this feature. The change in the electrochemical response was complete nearly equal 30 minutes after a 400 mV anode-potential step. We attribute these observations to either a switch in the principle electron-transport pathway (different enzymes) that individual species use to deliver electrons to the anode or changes in the relative contributions of different community members, or both. However, some impact of changes in pH within the biofilm could contribute to the change in E (sub m) . Ongoing investigations attempt to resolve these possibilities. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Arbour, T AU - Wrighton, K C AU - Mullin, S W AU - Luef, B AU - Gilbert, B AU - Banfield, J F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B44B EP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629940666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Electrochemical+response+of+a+biofilm+community+to+changes+in+electron-acceptor+redox+potential+elucidated+using+microbial+fuel+cells&rft.au=Arbour%2C+T%3BWrighton%2C+K+C%3BMullin%2C+S+W%3BLuef%2C+B%3BGilbert%2C+B%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arbour&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical simulations on CO (sub 2) -fluid-rock interactions in EGS reservoirs AN - 1629940411; 2014-095843 AB - Supercritical CO2 has been suggested as a heat transmission fluid in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) reservoirs to improve energy extraction. Understanding the geochemical processes of CO2-fluid-rock interactions in EGS reservoirs is significant important to investigate the performance of energy extraction with CO2 instead of water as a working fluid, carbon sequestration and risk assessment. The objectives of this study: (1) to calibrate and evaluate the kinetic rate constants and specific reactive surface areas of minerals based on the batch experimental data conducted by other researchers (collaborators Kaszuba and Lo Re at the University of Wyoming); (2) to investigate the effects of CO2-fluid-rock geochemical interactions on the energy extraction efficiency, carbon sequestration, and risk assessment. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted (Lo Re et al., 2012) to investigate the geochemical reactions among water, fractured granite rocks, and injected supercritical CO2 at elevated temperatures of 250 degrees C, and pressures of 250-450 bars. The batch simulations were firstly conducted to mimic the laboratory experiments with the calibration of mineral reactive surface areas using TOUGHREACT model and parameter estimation software (PEST). Then, we performed 2-D geochemical modeling to simulate the chemical interactions among CO2, fluids, and rocks at high temperatures and pressures of EGS reservoirs. We further investigated the effects of fluid-rock interactions on the energy extraction, carbon sequestration, and risk assessment with CO2 as a heat transmission fluid instead of water for EGS reservoirs. Results of carbonate mineral precipitations suggested that the CO2 as a working fluid instead of water was favorable for EGS reservoirs on the CO2 sequestration. Our simulations also suggested that the energy extraction could be enhanced using CO2 as the transmission fluid compared to water. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Pan, F AU - McPherson, B J AU - Lichtner, P C AU - Kaszuba, John P AU - Lo Re, C AU - Karra, S AU - Lu, Chuan AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H13G EP - 1433 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629940411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geochemical+simulations+on+CO+%28sub+2%29+-fluid-rock+interactions+in+EGS+reservoirs&rft.au=Pan%2C+F%3BMcPherson%2C+B+J%3BLichtner%2C+P+C%3BKaszuba%2C+John+P%3BLo+Re%2C+C%3BKarra%2C+S%3BLu%2C+Chuan%3BXu%2C+Tianfu%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/H/sessions/H13G/abstracts/H13G-1433.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geological carbon sequestration; new insights from in-situ synchrotron X-ray microtomography AN - 1629940234; 2014-095918 AB - In a world with rapidly increasing atmospheric CO (sub 2) concentrations, a variety of scalable technologies are being considered to mitigate emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels; among these approaches, geological carbon storage (GCS) is being actively tested at a variety of subsurface sites. Despite these activities, a mechanistic understanding of multiphase flow in scCO (sub 2) /brine systems at the pore scale is still being developed. The distribution of scCO (sub 2) in the pore space controls a variety of processes at the continuum scale including CO (sub 2) dissolution rate (by way of brine/CO (sub 2) contact area), capillary trapping, and residual brine fraction. Virtually no dynamic measurements of the pore-scale distribution of scCO (sub 2) in real geological samples have been made in three dimensions leaving models describing multi-phase fluid dynamics, reactive transport, and geophysical properties reliant on analog systems (often using fewer spatial dimensions, different fluids, or lower pressures) or theoretical models describing phase configurations. We present dynamic pore-scale imagery of scCO (sub 2) invasion dynamics in a 3D geological sample, in this case a quartz-rich sandstone core extracted from the Domengine Fm, a regionally extensive unit which is currently a target for future GCS operations in the Sacramento Basin. This dataset, acquired using synchrotron X-ray micro tomography (SXR-mu CT) and high speed radiography, was made possible by development of a controlled P/T flow-through triaxial cell compatible with X-ray imaging in the 8-40 keV range. These experiments successfully resolved scCO2 and brine phases at a spatial resolution of 4.47 mu m while the sample was kept at in situ conditions (45 degrees C, 9 MPa pore pressure, 14 MPa hydrostatic confining stress) during drainage and imbibition cycles. Image volumes of the dry, brine saturated, and partially scCO (sub 2) saturated sample were captured and were used to correlate aspects of rock microstructure to development of the invasion front. State-of-the-art analytical techniques were applied to the multiple datasets to characterize in a quantitative fashion both the statistics of the sand grains and of the pore space. This analysis included size distribution of the sand grains in different levels of the sample, their surface area, shape parameters, and preferred orientation. The pore space was characterized in a similar fashion with captured attributes, including local porosity, pore throat network characteristics, anisotropy, and local pore diameter. Results showed a clear relationship between pore space microstructure and the scCO (sub 2) invasion process: scCO (sub 2) was unable to displace the brine in the parts of the sample where pores show the smaller local pore diameter values, while the invasion where the pores are larger appears to be almost complete. This result is consistent with invasion (i.e. drainage) at low capillary numbers (Ca approximately 10 (super -7) ). The zones of smaller mean pore throat size are spatially correlated in several small areas and appear to be micro-laminations generated during sediment deposition. A relevant question is what fraction of flow heterogeneity in GCS systems is driven by similar small scale variations in fabric. The results obtained show how in-situ SXR-mu CT experiments are capable of providing significant information about scCO (sub 2) flow processes in samples of sandstones relevant to GCS at the mu m-->cm scale. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Voltolini, M AU - Kwon, T AU - Ajo-Franklin, J B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H23D EP - 1403 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629940234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geological+carbon+sequestration%3B+new+insights+from+in-situ+synchrotron+X-ray+microtomography&rft.au=Voltolini%2C+M%3BKwon%2C+T%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+J+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Voltolini&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stress-dependent permeability and ground displacement during CO (sub 2) storage operation at KB-502 injection well, In Salah, Algeria AN - 1629940096; 2014-095925 AB - The In Salah CO (sub 2) storage project (a joint venture among Statoil, BP, and Sonatrach) is one of the most important sites for understanding the geomechanics associated with carbon dioxide injection. InSAR data evaluated for the first years of injection show a ground-surface uplift of 5 to 10 mm per year at each of the injection wells. A double-lobe uplift pattern has been observed at KB-502, and both semi-analytical inverse deformation analysis (Vasco et al., 2010) and coupled numerical modeling of fluid flow and geomechanics (Rutqvist et al., 2011) have shown that this pattern of displacement can be explained by injection-induced deformation in a deep vertical fracture zone of fault, whose presence has been confirmed by recent 3D seismic survey (Gibson-Poole et al., 2010). Recently, Rinaldi and Rutqvist (2012) refined the previous modeling results, through the use of TOUGH-FLAC (Rutqvist et al., 2002), in order to more conclusively constrain the height of the fracture zone. Results were well in agreement with all available field observations, including all time evolutions and the shape of surface deformation, time-evolution of injection pressure, and the 3D seismic indications of the CO (sub 2) saturated fracture zone extending thousands of meters laterally. However, the analysis included a number of simplifications and uncertainties, such as time-step changes in aquifer permeability and the use of an elastic model, which preclude a good match with field data after shut in. Here we implement a new stress-dependent permeability function, to consider a more realistic changes in reservoir and fracture zone permeability, and to improve the match between field observations and modeling results, considering both the bottomhole pressure and the ground surface displacement. Furthermore, here we extent the length of the simulation to include modeling of the re-injection occurred in late 2010 for few months. A second major simplification by Rinaldi and Rutqvist (2012) is the assumption of fracture zone that could have opened instantaneously. Here we present also some early, simple study on potential fracture propagations coupled with stress-dependent permeability changes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rinaldi, A AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H23D EP - 1410 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629940096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Stress-dependent+permeability+and+ground+displacement+during+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+operation+at+KB-502+injection+well%2C+In+Salah%2C+Algeria&rft.au=Rinaldi%2C+A%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rinaldi&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anisotropic permeability of a strike slip fault AN - 1629940081; 2014-095865 AB - Pump tests were performed in isolated sections of two inclined approximately 200 m long boreholes that are approximately 130 meters apart from each other (WF-4 and WF-5). The boreholes penetrate the Wildcat Fault, a semi-vertical strike slip fault, which is a member of the Hayward Fault system situated in the Berkeley Hills. The geology encountered in the boreholes was predominantly the Claremont Fm., extensively fractured and alternating sequences of chert, shale and sandstone. The drawdowns in four isolated sections in a vertical borehole (WF-1) drilled adjacent to the fault at distances of approximately 45 m and approximately 95 m from each of the inclined borehole was analyzed. The permeability of the fault plane was found to be two orders of magnitude higher than that of the protolith and anisotropic with approximately 10 fold higher permeability in near horizontal direction, which is somewhat expected for a strike slip fault. Build-up analysis suggests that the fault is asymmetric with higher permeability along the east side of the fault plane and lower along the west side. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Karasaki, K AU - Goto, J AU - Kiho, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H13H EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629940081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Anisotropic+permeability+of+a+strike+slip+fault&rft.au=Karasaki%2C+K%3BGoto%2C+J%3BKiho%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Karasaki&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/H/sessions/H13H/abstracts/H13H-05.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainties in models for hydrologic characterization of faults; implications from a study on the Wildcat Fault, Berkeley, California AN - 1629939860; 2014-095975 AB - The Nuclear Waste Management Organization of Japan (NUMO) will select a site for HLW and TRU waste repository through the three-staged program, namely, the Literature Surveys, the Preliminary Investigations and the Detailed Investigations. Areas that are susceptible to natural hazards such as volcanism, faulting and significant uplift/erosion will be eliminated in the early stages. Then, sites that have more favorable geological environment will be selected with respect to the repository design and long-term safety after closure. It is internationally acknowledged that hydrologic features of faults are of special concern in the above respects. It is highly likely from the experiences of site characterization worldwide that one could encounter numerous faults in an area of one hundred square kilometer assumed for the Preliminary Investigations. Efficient and practical investigation programs, and reliable models/parameters for the repository design and safety analysis are important aspects for implementers. Therefore, we studied a methodology for hydrologic characterization of faults through the multi-phased field investigations and modeling on the Wildcat Fault at the LBNL site. The field investigations consisted surface geophysics, geological mapping, trench surveys, hydraulic tests and monitoring both in vertical and inclined boreholes. In general, the degree of understanding of the site increased along with the progress of the investigation phases. At the end of the project, relatively large uncertainties remained in the hydrogeological model. The major reasons were that two different interpretations on the fault geometry were possible, and that hydrologic data on the fault and host rock were not enough because of the difficulties in hydraulic tests in the fracture zones and the borehole configuration under various constraints. Implications for reducing uncertainties in hydrologic characterization of faults based on our experience are summarized below. - More time, costs and flexibility are required than common investigation/modeling program. - Long-term hydraulic tests and monitoring in the vertical boreholes could better capture important features than penetrating the faults by inclined boreholes. - It is important to plan/modify investigation programs taking all possible conceptual models into account, not persisting on a single model. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Goto, J AU - Yoshimura, K AU - Karasaki, K AU - Kiho, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H24D EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629939860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Uncertainties+in+models+for+hydrologic+characterization+of+faults%3B+implications+from+a+study+on+the+Wildcat+Fault%2C+Berkeley%2C+California&rft.au=Goto%2C+J%3BYoshimura%2C+K%3BKarasaki%2C+K%3BKiho%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Goto&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying factors that impact riverbed dynamic permeability at a riverbank filtration facility AN - 1629938706; 2014-095876 AB - Previous modeling studies of the Wohler riverbank filtration system on the Russian River, California suggested that riverbed and aquifer permeability both influence the development of a pumping-induced unsaturated zone below the riverbed, which affects water produced through large radial water-supply collector wells that extend beneath and adjacent to the river. In particular, previous work suggests that riverbed permeability is influenced by interaction between pumping and river stage that is controlled by a downstream temporary inflatable dam during the summer low flow period. We hypothesize that raising the dam may instead lead to deposition of fine-grained sediment and/or accumulation of biota, both of which decrease riverbed permeability in the vicinity of the collector wells. To test this hypothesis, we are monitoring streambed permeability and seepage as a function of river stage and dam operation. We are using multiple methods to monitor the hydrological, sedimentological and geomorphic dynamics, including: seepage meters, sediment traps, cryogenic coring, ground penetrating radar, electrical resistance tomography, riverbed topography, piezometers, and thermistors. Here we discuss the use of this novel suite of methods to quantify dynamic riverbed permeability, how it relates to dam operation, and determine the key controls on permeability (i.e., biotic or abiotic). These results are expected to improve the overall understanding of riverbed permeability dynamics associated with Riverbank filtration. The results are also expected to be transferable to the project sponsors, the Sonoma County Water Agency, toward the development of an optimal pumping and dam operation schedule. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ulrich, C AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Florsheim, J L AU - Rosenberry, D O AU - Borglin, S E AU - Zhang, Y AU - Seymour, Donald AU - Trotta, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H13I EP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629938706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Quantifying+factors+that+impact+riverbed+dynamic+permeability+at+a+riverbank+filtration+facility&rft.au=Ulrich%2C+C%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BFlorsheim%2C+J+L%3BRosenberry%2C+D+O%3BBorglin%2C+S+E%3BZhang%2C+Y%3BSeymour%2C+Donald%3BTrotta%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ulrich&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/H/sessions/H13I/abstracts/H13I-10.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic chemistry in the perched groundwater flowing through weathered bedrock underling a steep forested hillslope, north California AN - 1629938288; 2014-095803 AB - The spatial and temporal pattern of groundwater chemistry in the seasonally perched groundwater systems that develop in the weathered bedrock zone under hillslopes have rarely been documented, yet chemical evolution of water here dictates the runoff chemistry to streams in many places. Here we exploit an intensively instrumented hillslope to document water well chemistry at three wells and adjacent stream. We have been sampling groundwater at daily frequency since October 2008 on a forested hillslope, "Rivendell", at the Angelo Coast Range Reserve located at the headwaters of the Eel River, California. The site is typical of California's coastal Mediterranean climate. The groundwater samples have been collected from a depth near the boundary between the weathered and fresh bedrock at three locations along the hillslope: Well 1 (bottom of hillslope), Well 3 (mid-slope), and Well 10 (near the ridge). Bulk rainwater and throughfall samples were collected at a meadow across the hillslope and at the middle of the slope, respectively, as well. Near the ridge (Well 10), during the first significant rainstorms of 2009 (133 mm/42.5 hours) and 2010 (220 mm/42 hours), when the water table changed only 0.32 m and 0.66 m, respectively, the concentration of Ca, Mg, and Na started to increase rapidly compared to the dry season (e.g. 2-6 mu M vs 0.02-0.2 mu M [Mg]/day). However, during these same storms, K concentration sharply increased to 50-60 mu M and decreased to 20-30 mu M, synchronizing with the water table responses. Throughfalls of these storms had at least 10 fold lower Ca, Mg, and Na concentrations than the well water while they had 10 fold higher K compared to the pre-event groundwater values. When the total seasonal cumulative rainfall exceeds 600 mm, the Well 10 solute concentration was diluted nearly 3 fold (e.g. [Mg] 0.3 mM vs. 0.1 mM) and the water table was raised significantly (2-6 meters). Throughout the rainy season, Well 10 retained its diluted chemistry signature and on average the water table remained elevated as subsequent rainstorms repeatedly recharged the system. Well 10 solute concentration slowly increased at the end of the rainy season when the water table fell. In contrast, at the foot of the hill slope, even though the water table was responsive to each rainfall event, its water chemistry developed a strong dilution signatures only during the intense rainstorms (total rainfall >70 mm); the solute concentration decreased (e.g. [Mg]=0.1 mM) during the rising limb of the well hydrograph and recovered back to its pre-event value (e.g. [Mg]=0.3 mM) during the falling limb of the well hydrograph. During small storms, the solute concentration of Well 1 either did not change or slightly increased. Mid-slope showed similar behavior to Well 1. The Well 3 solute concentration was diluted about 3 fold (e.g. [Mg] 0.3 mM to 0.1 mM) as the water table rose and increased as the water table receded. However unlike Well 1, the water chemistry of Well 3 did not recover to its pre-event composition at any point during the rainy season and the recovery rate was slower than that of Well 1. These water chemistry observations provide insight into the dynamics of water movement within the fractured, weathered bedrock zone, and point to both vertical and lateral mixing processes that influence the chemical evolution of waters. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kim, Hyojin AU - Rempe, Daniella M AU - Bishop, J K AU - Dietrich, William AU - Fung, I AU - Wood, T J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H13C EP - 1355 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629938288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Dynamic+chemistry+in+the+perched+groundwater+flowing+through+weathered+bedrock+underling+a+steep+forested+hillslope%2C+north+California&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hyojin%3BRempe%2C+Daniella+M%3BBishop%2C+J+K%3BDietrich%2C+William%3BFung%2C+I%3BWood%2C+T+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Hyojin&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/H/sessions/H13C/abstracts/H13C-1355.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How the use of statistical seismology benefits induced seismicity research AN - 1623276891; 2014-088178 AB - Hydraulic fracturing is an increasingly utilized technology to enhance the extraction of hot water or gas from a subsurface reservoir. Fluids are pressed into the reservoir formation from a treatment well at high pressures to open fractures and hence increase the permeability of the reservoir. Monitoring the seismic emission associated with the fluid injection allows to estimate the stimulated reservoir volume, and hence the effectiveness of the treatment. However, oftentimes little is known about the mechanical properties of the reservoir rocks, making it difficult to predict the response of the medium to the fluid injection. On the one hand, one would like to ensure that the fluid injection operation alters the medium sufficiently to make the reservoir economic, and on the other hand it needs to be insured that the magnitude of induced seismic events does not exceed values where shaking can affect surface infrastructure. A proper estimation of the in-situ mechanical properties of the reservoir is therefore necessary for an assessment of both the economics of reservoir treatment as well as the associated seismic hazard at the surface. We introduce ISHA--a probabilistic hazard assessment for induced seismicity, which combines statistical and physics-based models to determine the seismic hazard during the different stages of an EGS experiment. Statistical models have the advantage that they can easily be adapted to the particular conditions of the induced seismicity and that many have been previously tested for other seismic sequences. First order physical models, for example of the pore pressure distribution or the total flow rate, can then enrich these models. We present results from different EGS projects, including Basel, Switzerland, Soultz-Sous-Forets, France and Rosemanowes, UK. We then investigate the spatio-temporal variability of the earthquake size distribution, characterized by the b-value. We find a general pattern that is repeated in all examples; the b-values change from higher values close to the injection points to lower values further out. Additionally, the b-value changes from high values during the fluid injection to lower values later on. A model, simulating the pore pressure diffusion and relating the event-sizes to the differential stress via an inverse relationship established for tectonic events, aims to evaluate this observation of the b-value distribution. The model implies that high pore pressures lead to high b-values as preferably events with smaller sizes are induced. Moderate pressures lead to values of b similar to the regional average. Since pore pressures decline as a function of distance to the injection point, the probability of observing a large magnitude event thus increases with distance. We are therefore able to establish a link between the seismological observables and the geomechanical properties of the source region and thus a reservoir. Understanding the geomechanical properties is essential for estimating the probability of exceeding a certain magnitude value in the induced seismicity and hence the associated seismic hazard of the operation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bachmann, C E AU - Wiemer, S AU - Allmann, B AU - Mena Cabrera, B AU - Woessner, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract S43C EP - 2483 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623276891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=How+the+use+of+statistical+seismology+benefits+induced+seismicity+research&rft.au=Bachmann%2C+C+E%3BWiemer%2C+S%3BAllmann%2C+B%3BMena+Cabrera%2C+B%3BWoessner%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging active layer and permafrost variability in the Arctic using electromagnetic induction data AN - 1623264747; 2014-090338 AB - Characterizing the spatial variability of active layer and permafrost properties is critical for gaining an understanding of Arctic ecosystem functioning and for parameterizing process-rich models that simulate feedbacks to a changing climate. Due to the sensitivity of electrical conductivity measurements to moisture content, salinity and freeze state in the active layer and permafrost and the ease of collecting electromagnetic induction (EMI) data with portable tools over large regions, EMI holds great potential for characterization of permafrost systems. However, inversion of such EMI data to estimate the subsurface electrical conductivity distribution is challenging. The challenges are due to the insufficient amount of information (even when using multiple configurations that vary coil spacing, orientation and elevation and signal frequency) needed to find a unique solution. The non-uniqueness problem is typically approached by invoking prior information, such as inversion constraints and initial models. Unfortunately, such prior information can significantly influence the obtained inversion result. We describe the development and implementation of a new grid search based method for estimating electrical conductivity from EMI data that evaluates the influence of priors and the information contained in such data. The new method can be applied to investigate two or three layer 1-D models reproducing the recorded data within a specified range of uncertainty at each measurement location over a large surveyed site. Importantly, the method can quickly evaluate multiple priors and data from numerous measurement locations, since the time-consuming simulation of the EMI signals from the multi-dimension search grid needs to be performed only once. We applied the developed approach to EMI data acquired in Barrow, AK at the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE Arctic) study site on the Barrow Environmental Observatory. Our specific focus was on a 475-meter linear transect that spanned a range of low- to high-centered polygons. Comparison with collocated point measurements (including deep core), electrical resistivity tomography data, and information from ground penetrating radar data demonstrates that the inverted EMI data permits reliable estimation of electrical conductivity variations in the active layer and permafrost. In particular, we find that electrical conductivity in the active layer correlate to variations in moisture content, whereas deeper imaging responds to the distribution of ice wedges, massive ice and regions of higher salinity. The developed approach represents a significant advance in parameter estimation methods to explore electrical conductivity models that reproduce EMI data and to evaluate the need for and influence of priors. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dafflon, B AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Ulrich, C AU - Peterson, J E AU - Wu, Y AU - Chen, J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C22B EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623264747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Imaging+active+layer+and+permafrost+variability+in+the+Arctic+using+electromagnetic+induction+data&rft.au=Dafflon%2C+B%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BPeterson%2C+J+E%3BWu%2C+Y%3BChen%2C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dafflon&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping deep low velocity zones in Alaskan Arctic coastal permafrost using seismic surface waves AN - 1623264705; 2014-090341 AB - Permafrost degradation may be an important amplifier of climate change; Thawing of near-surface sediments holds the potential of increasing greenhouse gas emissions due to microbial decomposition of preserved organic carbon. Recently, the characterization of "deep" carbon pools (several meters below the surface) in circumpolar frozen ground has increased the estimated amount of soil carbon to three times higher than what was previously thought. It is therefore potentially important to include the characteristics and processes of deeper permafrost strata (on the orders of a few to tens of meters below surface) in climate models for improving future predictions of accessible carbon and climate feedbacks. This extension is particularly relevant if deeper formations are not completely frozen and may harbor on-going microbial activity despite sub-zero temperatures. Unfortunately, the characterization of deep permafrost systems is non-trivial; logistics and drilling constraints often limit direct characterization to relatively shallow units. Geophysical measurements, either surface or airborne, are often the most effective tools for evaluating these regions. Of the available geophysical techniques, the analysis of seismic surface waves (e.g. MASW) has several unique advantages, mainly the ability to provide field-scale information with good depth resolution as well as penetration (10s to 100s of m with small portable sources). Surface wave methods are also able to resolve low velocity regions, a class of features that is difficult to characterize using traditional P-wave refraction methods. As part of the Department of Energy (DOE) Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE-Arctic) project, we conducted a three-day seismic field survey (May 12 - 14, 2012) at the Barrow Environmental Observatory, which is located within the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain. Even though permafrost at the study site is continuous, ice-rich and thick (>= 350m), our Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) suggests the existence of pronounced low shear wave velocity zones that span the depth range of 2 - 30 meters; this zone has shear velocity values comparable to partially thawed soils. Such features coincide with previous findings of very low electrical resistivity structure (as low as approximately 10 Ohm*m at some locations) from measurements obtained in the first NGEE-Arctic geophysical field campaign (conducted in the week of September 24 - October 1, 2011). These low shear velocity zones are likely representative of regions with high unfrozen water content and thus have important implications on the rate of microbial activity and the vulnerability of deep permafrost carbon pools. Analysis of this dataset required development of a novel inversion approach based on waveform inversion. The existence of multiple closely spaced Rayleigh wave modes made traditional inversion based on mode picking virtually impossible; As a result, we selected a direct misfit evaluation based on comparing dispersion images in the phase velocity/frequency domain. The misfit function was optimized using a global search algorithm, in this case Huyer and Neumaier's Multi Coordinate Search algorithm (MCS). This combination of MCS and waveform misfit allowed recovery of the low velocity region despite the existence of closely spaced modes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dou, S AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Dreger, D S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C22B EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623264705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Mapping+deep+low+velocity+zones+in+Alaskan+Arctic+coastal+permafrost+using+seismic+surface+waves&rft.au=Dou%2C+S%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BDreger%2C+D+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dou&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Examining scaling issues of hydrologic and carbon processes using PAWS-CLM AN - 1623263759; 2014-087788 AB - Land surface models often assume homogeneities within its Representative Elementary Volume (REV) while in fact heterogeneities and gradients exist on every spatial scale. At present, there are ambiguities and uncertainties about the appropriate scale at which the land surface process formulations should be applied, as there is little evidence to support the choice we nonetheless have to make. There have been few systematic studies of the behaviors of key processes in Community Land Model (CLM) across a range of spatial resolutions. In addition, topography and groundwater dynamics modulate incoming water fluxes and play central roles in determining saturation, inundation, soil moisture states and runoff fluxes, which are in turn important for biogeochemical processes like primary production and methane production and oxidation. Many biogeochemical processes are most active in saturated areas which may occur only over a small fraction of the land, under conditions far from the averaged soil moisture states. Current CLM does not simulate lateral groundwater flow and this is expected to induce large errors on biogeochemical predictions. In this work, we carry out scaling studies to investigate the scaling behavior of CLM hydrologic and biogeochemical components. We also examine the impact of the groundwater/surface water flow by coupling CLM to a physically-based, computationally-efficient surface-subsurface hydrologic model, PAWS (process-based adaptive watershed simulator). The results indicate varying strengths of influence of spatial resolution on carbon and hydrologic fluxes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Shen, C AU - Riley, W J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B53E EP - 0714 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623263759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Examining+scaling+issues+of+hydrologic+and+carbon+processes+using+PAWS-CLM&rft.au=Shen%2C+C%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ TEM investigations of mineral growth through oriented attachment of nanoparticles AN - 1623263656; 2014-087758 AB - The growth of crystals through aggregation and coalescence of nanoparticles is now recognized as a widespread phenomenon in biomineral, biomimetic and natural systems, and during synthetic production of nanoparticles and nanowires. The resulting crystals often exhibit complex forms ranging from quasi-one-dimensional chains to 3D hierarchical and self-similar superstructures. Yet the final structure typically diffracts as a single crystal, implying that the primary particles aligned during growth. When coalignment is accompanied by coalescence, this growth process is often referred to as oriented attachment (OA). OA is now recognized as an important mechanism of crystal growth in many materials in the environment. However, the pathway by which OA occurs has not been established. Although the preservation of primary particle morphology and formation of twins and stacking faults at particle-particle boundaries strongly suggest a sequence of whole particle alignment followed by interface elimination, atom-by-atom reorientation via dislocation and grain-boundary migration after attachment are another potential mechanism. If indeed the primary particles align before attachment, the dynamics of that process and the forces that drive it have yet to be revealed. To achieve this understanding we are investigating crystal nucleation and oriented attachment in a number of systems, such as iron oxides and oxyhydroxide as well as titanium dioxide, through in situ and ex situ TEM. We performed high-resolution TEM using a fluid cell to directly observe oriented attachment of iron oxyhydroxide nanoparticles. The particles undergo continuous rotation and interaction until they find a perfect lattice match. A sudden jump to contact then occurs over less than 1 nanometer, followed by lateral atom-by-atom addition initiated at the contact point. Interface elimination proceeds at a rate consistent with the curvature dependence of the Gibbs free energy. Measured translational and rotational accelerations show that strong, highly direction-specific interactions drive crystal growth via oriented attachment. Analysis of the acceleration leading to attachment indicates that it is driven by electrostatic interactions. The results on iron oxide nanoparticles show a progression of nanorod aggregation into disordered aggregates followed by gradual ordering into the final co-aligned mesocrystal, while analysis of the titanium oxide system through ex situ TEM analysis indicates a highly organized aggregation and branching process. We detail the progression of the structural transformations and use quantitative analysis of the dynamics to constrain the underlying mechanisms. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Li, D AU - Nielsen, M AU - Lee, J R AU - Frandsen, C AU - Banfield, J F AU - Kisailus, D AU - de Yoreo, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B51I EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623263656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=In+situ+TEM+investigations+of+mineral+growth+through+oriented+attachment+of+nanoparticles&rft.au=Li%2C+D%3BNielsen%2C+M%3BLee%2C+J+R%3BFrandsen%2C+C%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BKisailus%2C+D%3Bde+Yoreo%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High resolution characterization of heterogeneous Arctic tundra subsurface properties using a multiscale Bayesian fusion approach with geophysical datasets AN - 1623260920; 2014-087789 AB - Recent findings suggest that climate change has a significant impact on the arctic landscape, which could in turn cause feedback to the climate system due to the large amount of carbon stored in permafrost. A new Department of Energy, Office of Science project-called the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE Arctic)-will develop a process-rich predictive model for understanding how permafrost thaw and degradation changes landscape, hydrology, biogeochemical processes and vegetation, and predicting how these changes affect the feedbacks to the climate system. The subsurface properties-such as active layer thickness (ALT), soil moisture, snow depth and geochemical parameters-are key parameters for such modeling; especially for simulation of the hydrological and geochemical processes that control microbial carbon decomposition. Although models require a large-scale domain to represent a system, these subsurface properties are known to be highly heterogeneous over small spatial scales due to the influence of factors such as microtopography and drainage network distribution. This work presents a data fusion method based on a hierarchical Bayesian model for integrating multiscale, multi-type datasets and prior knowledge to provide estimates of heterogeneous subsurface properties and their associated uncertainty. The surface geophysical data are non-invasive and spatially extensive, which increases the spatial coverage in subsurface and reveals the fine-scale variability. Remote sensing data can further increase the spatial coverage through the subsurface-surface property correlation. The model consists of two sub-models: data model and process model. First, the process model describes the heterogeneous field of each subsurface property mathematically; it can be a mechanistic model (e.g., land evolution model, hydrological model) or data-driven model. The data-driven process model - developed based on the prior knowledge and exploratory data analysis - is particularly powerful to constrain the estimation of heterogeneous fields in the arctic tundra system, where the mechanistic process models are highly complex. Second, the data model connects the heterogeneous field to multiscale datasets. Once we establish the data and process models, we estimate the heterogeneous fields using the Markov Chain Monte-Carlo method. We demonstrate our approach using co-located datasets collected at the Barrow Environmental Observatory, Alaska, including thaw depth, soil temperature, snow depth, aqueous geochemistry, ground penetrating radar data, electrical resistivity tomography, and airborne LIDAR. We obtain high-resolution estimates of ALT, soil water content, snow depth and other subsurface properties over a several hundred meter-scale domain, which allows us to closely examine the controls of, for example, microtopography on snow accumulation and resulting thaw depth and thermal profiles. We discuss the value and utility of the method and each dataset for parameterizing NGEE Arctic process-resolving reactive transport simulators and understanding linkages between land surface and subsurface variability. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wainwright, H AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Gangodagamage, C AU - Rowland, J C AU - Liljedahl, A K AU - Gusmeroli, A AU - Dafflon, B AU - Ulrich, C AU - Wu, Y AU - Tweedie, C E AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B53E EP - 0715 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623260920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=High+resolution+characterization+of+heterogeneous+Arctic+tundra+subsurface+properties+using+a+multiscale+Bayesian+fusion+approach+with+geophysical+datasets&rft.au=Wainwright%2C+H%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BGangodagamage%2C+C%3BRowland%2C+J+C%3BLiljedahl%2C+A+K%3BGusmeroli%2C+A%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BWu%2C+Y%3BTweedie%2C+C+E%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upscaling geochemical and hydrologic parameters using a novel depth fragmented approach AN - 1623260716; 2014-087792 AB - Knowledge about effective hydrologic and geochemical properties at field scales is pertinent in predicting and managing the fate and transport of reactive contaminants from landfill and waste management sites. A significant challenge in predicting these reactive contaminant concentrations at large scales is the lack of an efficient upscaling methodology that serves as a link between process understanding gained at the laboratory scale and application needed at the field scale. Here, we explore the concept of a new depth-wise upscaling framework, which addresses the effect of structural heterogeneity on developing scale-appropriate hydrologic and geochemical parameters. A Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm (MCMC) is used to derive these upscaling parameters, which are tested for variations across heterogeneous systems (layers and lenses) at the Norman landfill site. The Norman landfill is a closed municipal landfill with prevalent organic contamination. The results of the MCMC simulations indicate that the use of a heterogeneity formulation in the likelihood function significantly improves the prediction of geochemical concentrations at the landfill site. The results also indicate that geochemical scaling coefficients based on dominant biogeochemical processes (sulfate and iron reduction) are reproducible for conservative (such as bromide) and other redox-sensitive concentrations (such as nitrate) at the Norman landfill. These geochemical scaling coefficients derived through the upscaling algorithm demonstrate unimodal characteristics in the posterior distribution while the hydrologic scaling coefficient is multimodal in nature. The multi-modality is again suggestive of the effect of heterogeneity and lithologic variability on redox processes at the Norman landfill site. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Arora, B AU - Mohanty, B P AU - McGuire, J T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B53E EP - 0722 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623260716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Upscaling+geochemical+and+hydrologic+parameters+using+a+novel+depth+fragmented+approach&rft.au=Arora%2C+B%3BMohanty%2C+B+P%3BMcGuire%2C+J+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic surfaces promote calcite nucleation through biomolecule-specific reductions in interfacial free energy AN - 1623260705; 2014-087755 AB - Sites of biogenic calcification are comprised of complex macromolecular assemblages that are implicated in regulating the onset of mineralization. Classical nucleation theory predicts that the organic templates provided by these proteins and polysaccharides significantly affect nucleation rate by modulating interfacial free energy, which determines the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation. Recent evidence suggests that calcium carbonate (CaCO3) formation often involves pre-nucleation clusters and transient precursor phases, which raises the question of how biomolecular controls on crystallization are related to emerging concepts in non-classical mineralization. While previous studies qualitatively demonstrate that the chemical functionalities of biomolecules influence the nucleating mineral phase and morphology, a mechanistic understanding of their control over nucleation kinetics and thermodynamics is not well established. Here we test the hypothesis that specific chemical functional groups regulate the kinetics and thermodynamics of CaCO3 formation by using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as substrates for calcite nucleation. We measured nucleation rates on substrates with different termini (-COOH, -PO4, and -SH) and alkanethiol chain lengths (16-C and 11-C) at a variety of chemical driving forces, both above and below the reported solubility of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). Using classical nucleation theory to interpret the kinetic data, we calculated calcite-substrate interfacial energies and estimated substrate-specific effects on the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation. Calcite - substrate interaction forces were quantified with independent dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS) measurements. The nucleation rate measurements show that organic templates reduce the thermodynamic barrier to calcite nucleation compared to homogeneous nucleation through reductions in interfacial free energy. These free energies are correlated with independent DFS measurements of calcite-substrate interaction force by a systematic relationship that is general to chemistry and chain length. Calcite nucleation in these systems is accurately described with classical models of nucleation. The findings demonstrate a physical basis for how organic surfaces reduce the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation and show that precursor phases and pre-nucleation clusters are not required for template-directed mineralization. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hamm, L M AU - Han, N AU - Giuffre, A J AU - de Yoreo, J AU - Dove, P M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B51I EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623260705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Organic+surfaces+promote+calcite+nucleation+through+biomolecule-specific+reductions+in+interfacial+free+energy&rft.au=Hamm%2C+L+M%3BHan%2C+N%3BGiuffre%2C+A+J%3Bde+Yoreo%2C+J%3BDove%2C+P+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hamm&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liquid-liquid separation explains "non-classical" behavior during calcium carbonate crystallization AN - 1623260503; 2014-087754 AB - Recent experimental characterizations of the early stages of calcium carbonate crystallization reveal an abundance of nanometer-sized so-called "pre-nucleation" clusters that appear prior to the formation of an amorphous intermediate phase. The prevailing interpretation of the clusters as thermodynamically stable species is incompatible with classical nucleation theories that predict formation of unstable clusters within supersaturated solutions, as well as long-standing speciation models with demonstrated predictive capability over a wide range of conditions. Using molecular dynamics simulations, this study demonstrates that a liquid-liquid phase separation occurs within the range of concentrations utilized by experimental investigations. The ion-rich dense liquid phase (DLP) persists in metastable equilibrium with a dilute solution phase until coalescence and solidification of the DLP droplets results in formation of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). The demonstrated precursor relationship of the DLP to ACC suggests that experimental observations can be reconciled within the context of classical phase separation models without invoking non-classical constructs such as stable pre-nucleation clusters. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wallace, A F AU - Banfield, J F AU - de Yoreo, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B51I EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623260503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Liquid-liquid+separation+explains+%22non-classical%22+behavior+during+calcium+carbonate+crystallization&rft.au=Wallace%2C+A+F%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3Bde+Yoreo%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Horizontal and vertical profiling of microbial communities across landscape features at NGEE site, Barrow, AK AN - 1623260485; 2014-087849 AB - Low- and high-centered polygons in permafrost-dominated ecosystems have distinct geochemical and hydrological characteristics that are expected to alter microbial processes that govern carbon cycle dynamics in Arctic landscapes. Key questions that must be answered if we are to represent these dynamics and their underlying controls into Earth System Models include: 1) Through which pathways is carbon processed in different areas of these polygons? 2) What regulates the release of C as CO2, or methane, and 3) Which microorganisms are responsible? As part of the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE Arctic) project, we collected samples across a transect of polygon features near Barrow, Alaska. The transect included samples from centers, edges and troughs of high-centered and low-centered polygons, including organic and deeper mineral soil layers. In addition, we took a 1.6 m deep core from our field site and sectioned it vertically to determine the microbial composition at different depths from active layer through upper layers of permafrost. Prior to sectioning, the core was CT-scanned to determine the physical heterogeneity throughout the core. Total DNA was extracted from sub-samples and the microbial community composition in the samples was determined by sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The resulting microbial profiles were related to corresponding environmental variables. We found that microbial community composition varied according to location across the polygons. Differences in elevation and moisture content were identified as the primary drivers of the observed changes in microbial composition. Methanogenic archaea were more abundant in the centers of low-centered and wetter polygons than high-centered polygons. These data suggest a potential for increased methane production towards the centers of polygons. By contrast, polygon edges had a greater relative abundance of typically aerobic soil microbes that suggests C loss as CO2 would predominate in these environments. A majority of the sequences found could not be reliably classified. Therefore, a current goal is to isolate novel representative organisms from these communities. In addition, we are sequencing the total metagenomic DNA to obtain information about the functional gene composition across the polygon transects. This information will be valuable for prediction of microbial responses to changes in environmental conditions including temperature, moisture, and resource stoichiometry. The long-term goal is to use this information to parameterize or constrain trait-based models of soil biogeochemistry to improve predictions of C flux in thawing permafrost. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jansson, J K AU - Tas, N AU - Brodie, E L AU - Graham, D E AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Torn, M S AU - Wu, Y AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C31C EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623260485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Horizontal+and+vertical+profiling+of+microbial+communities+across+landscape+features+at+NGEE+site%2C+Barrow%2C+AK&rft.au=Jansson%2C+J+K%3BTas%2C+N%3BBrodie%2C+E+L%3BGraham%2C+D+E%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BWu%2C+Y%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jansson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial distributions across pH, temperature, and temporal conditions in hot springs of Tengchong, Yunnan province, China AN - 1623259449; 2014-087737 AB - Terrestrial geothermal springs contain a rich microbial diversity that has gained attention because of their potential analogue to early Earth habitats and biotechnological applications. Despite this attention, the distribution of thermophiles and the mechanisms that underlie those distributions have not been fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to identify microorganisms in hot springs in Tengchong, China, and to compare microbial composition across temperature, pH, and temporal gradients. The PhyloChip microarray detected 79 bacterial and 20 archaeal phyla. Canonical correspondence analysis was used to link the detected taxa to their distributions across temperature and pH conditions. The distributions of phyla (e.g. Aquificae, Crenarchaeota) identified by this analysis were consistent with previous culture-dependent and independent methods and provides new knowledge on the distributions of phyla that do not contain cultured representatives (e.g. candidate phyla OP11, GoM161, etc.). For example, low pH (85 degrees C). Furthermore, temporal changes in the community composition were detected, with the rainy season containing higher diversity but lower relative abundance of archaea. These results expand our understanding of the distributions of hot spring microorganisms seasonally, and across environmental gradients such as temperature and pH. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Briggs, B R AU - Brodie, E L AU - Tom, L M AU - Dong, H AU - Jiang, H AU - Huang, Q AU - Wang, S AU - Hou, W AU - Wu, G AU - Peacock, J P AU - Huang, L AU - Zhi, X AU - Li, W AU - Dodsworth, J A AU - Hedlund, B P AU - Zhang, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B51D EP - 0589 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623259449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Microbial+distributions+across+pH%2C+temperature%2C+and+temporal+conditions+in+hot+springs+of+Tengchong%2C+Yunnan+province%2C+China&rft.au=Briggs%2C+B+R%3BBrodie%2C+E+L%3BTom%2C+L+M%3BDong%2C+H%3BJiang%2C+H%3BHuang%2C+Q%3BWang%2C+S%3BHou%2C+W%3BWu%2C+G%3BPeacock%2C+J+P%3BHuang%2C+L%3BZhi%2C+X%3BLi%2C+W%3BDodsworth%2C+J+A%3BHedlund%2C+B+P%3BZhang%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Briggs&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The coordination of Mg in foraminiferal calcite AN - 1623258976; 2014-087654 AB - The Mg/Ca ratio in calcite shells ('tests') of foraminifera is an empirical ocean temperature proxy widely used to interpret palaeoclimates. We explore the distribution and local environment of Mg in foram tests using STXM and NEXAFS spectroscopy to test the fundamental assumptions behind the proxy, and shed light on the mechanisms underpinning this vital oceanographic tool. Throughout the development of the Mg/Ca proxy, it has been assumed that Mg in foraminifera tests substitutes directly into the calcite lattice (1). This assumption is based on XRD analyses of various high-Mg biogenic carbonates, where Mg concentrations are manifest in the shifted position of diffraction peaks (2, 3). The extrapolation of this trend to foraminiferal calcite links the proxy to inorganic precipitation experiments, and provides a theoretical mechanistic framework to understand the link between Mg/Ca and temperature: the substitution of Mg is endothermic, and favoured at higher temperatures. However, the concentration of Mg in most foraminifera (0-10 mmol/mol Mg/Ca) is below the detection limit of XRD methods, and the analogy to inorganic systems has not been explicitly tested. Electron microprobe (4-6), LA-ICP-MS (7) and high-resolution nanoSIMS mapping (Sadekov, unpub.) of foraminifera tests have revealed the presence of high 'trace element' bands running in plane with the test surface, enriched in Mg, Sr, S, organic molecules and other trace elements. This emphasises a key question highlighted by Dodd (1) when the proxy was still in its infancy: how is Mg incorporated into mineral skeletons? By direct substitution into the calcite lattice, interstitially in a separate distinct mineral phase, or associated with organic compounds? We address this fundamental question using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy at ALS beamline 11.0.2 to examine the distribution and local atomic environment of Mg in two contrasting species of foraminifera. Our data conclusively demonstrate that the Mg in the high- and low-trace element bands in the two different species is incorporated in the same mode. Foraminiferal Mg K-edge spectra are most similar to that of dolomite, where Ca and Mg are interchangeable and both present in octahedral sites. This indicates that Mg directly substitutes for Ca in the calcite test, validating the assumptions underlying the use of the Mg/Ca proxy. The uniformity of Mg environment also sheds light on the drivers of Mg heterogeneity, suggesting that Mg banding is driven by fluctuations in medium chemistry, rather than any change in Mg incorporation mechanism. The ultimate cause of Mg heterogeneity remains an open question, however. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Branson, O AU - Redfern, S A AU - Tyliszczak, T AU - Sadekov, Aleksey AU - Langer, G AU - Elderfield, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B14B EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+coordination+of+Mg+in+foraminiferal+calcite&rft.au=Branson%2C+O%3BRedfern%2C+S+A%3BTyliszczak%2C+T%3BSadekov%2C+Aleksey%3BLanger%2C+G%3BElderfield%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Branson&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of spatially variable snow cover on thermal regime and hydrology of an Arctic ice wedge polygon landscape identified using ground penetrating radar and LIDAR datasets AN - 1623258628; 2014-087868 AB - Ice wedge polygons are common in Arctic terrains underlain by permafrost. Permafrost degradation could transform low- into high centered polygons, causing profound changes in the hydrologic regime of Arctic lands, which in turn, could affect the energy balance and subsurface biodegradation of organic carbon responsible for greenhouse gas production. Understanding the linkages between microtopography, snow cover, thermal properties, and thaw depth is critical for developing a predictive understanding of terrestrial ecosystems and their feedbacks to climate. In this study, we use high frequency (500-1000 MHz) ground penetrating radar (GPR) data acquired in spring 2012 within the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) study site in Barrow, AK to characterize the spatial variability of snow distribution. We compare its distribution to microtopography, estimated using LIDAR data, and thaw depth, also estimated using ground penetrating radar collected at different times during the year and simulated over time using mechanistic thermal-hydrologic modeling. The high spatial resolution offered by LIDAR and ground penetrating radar permit detailed investigations of the control of microtopography on snow and thaw layer depth. Results suggest that microtopographical variations are responsible for substantial differences in snow accumulation. In low centered polygons, snow depth can be up to four times greater in the troughs than on the rims. Both modeling and observations suggest that the microtopography-governed snow thickness affects the thermal properties of the subsurface and thus the thaw layer thickness; regions with thicker snowpack generally correspond to regions of greater thaw depth. We conclude that a transition from low- to high centered polygons will not only impact watershed runoff but, since snow accumulation is sensitive to the microtopography, it will also impact snow distribution. In turn, snow distribution affects thaw depth thickness, and the propensity for microbial degradation of organic carbon and production of greenhouse gasses. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gusmeroli, A AU - Liljedahl, A K AU - Peterson, J E AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Hinzman, L D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C33C EP - 0668 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Effects+of+spatially+variable+snow+cover+on+thermal+regime+and+hydrology+of+an+Arctic+ice+wedge+polygon+landscape+identified+using+ground+penetrating+radar+and+LIDAR+datasets&rft.au=Gusmeroli%2C+A%3BLiljedahl%2C+A+K%3BPeterson%2C+J+E%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BHinzman%2C+L+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gusmeroli&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of permafrost thermal dynamics and response to climate change in the CMIP5 models AN - 1623258466; 2014-087665 AB - We diagnose permafrost extent and active layer thickness from the set of global climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). For each of the models, we compare relationships between current-climate permafrost properties and climate conditions with a set of benchmark observations to diagnose differences between the model permafrost physical dynamics. We then compare predictions of changes to permafrost extent by the models over the 21st century and for three future warming scenarios. The models show large differences in current climate permafrost distributions, which reflect differences in their representation of physical processes governing high-latitude soil temperatures, in particular the mediation of soil and atmospheric energy exchange by snow, and the coupling of soil hydrology and temperature by freeze/thaw processes within the soil column. These differences also lead to large differences in the predicted permafrost vulnerability to warming, with implications for our ability to robustly model permafrost carbon cycle feedbacks. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Koven, C D AU - Riley, W J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B14D EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+permafrost+thermal+dynamics+and+response+to+climate+change+in+the+CMIP5+models&rft.au=Koven%2C+C+D%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Koven&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of the microbial metallome to arsenic stress AN - 1623258369; 2014-087719 AB - Life depends on access to nutrients in the environment. While elements such as nitrogen, carbon, sulfur and phosphorus are fundamental to microbial survival, trace nutrient elements like iron, molybdenum and copper show dramatically different profiles depending on environmental conditions. These elements are known nutrients but also can be toxic at higher concentrations. For low or limiting concentrations of one nutrient element, microbes may utilize another element to serve similar functions often, but not always, in similar macromolecular structures. Well-characterized elemental exchanges include manganese for iron and tungsten for molybdenum. Here we report on our preliminary metallomic analyses of the Gammaproteobacterium Halomonas sp. str. GFAJ-1 grown under severe arsenic stress. We analyzed 53 elements by ICP-MS, in order to determine which elements are tightly, weakly or not bound to soluble macromolecules (> 3 kDa). We specifically investigated the changes to the metallome of GFAJ-1cells that were grown in the synthetic minimal medium AML60 supplemented with 50 mM arsenate (As(V)), 50 mu M phosphate (P) or 50 mM As(V) plus 50 mu M P. Further studies will identify which macromolecules are associated with the various elements. This research extends our understanding of metal assimilation in microbes in response to tandem phosphorus limitation coupled to extreme arsenic concentrations and furthermore contributes to the expanding set of chemical elements utilized by microbes in unusual environmental niches. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wolfe-Simon, F AU - Lancaster, W A AU - Menon, A L AU - Yannone, S M AU - Adams, M W AU - Tainer, J A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B51A EP - 0487 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Response+of+the+microbial+metallome+to+arsenic+stress&rft.au=Wolfe-Simon%2C+F%3BLancaster%2C+W+A%3BMenon%2C+A+L%3BYannone%2C+S+M%3BAdams%2C+M+W%3BTainer%2C+J+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wolfe-Simon&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Keep your sox on; community genomics-directed isolation and microscopic characterization of the dominant subsurface sulfur-oxidizing bacterium in a sediment aquifer AN - 1623258354; 2014-087721 AB - Community genomics and proteomics (proteogenomics) can be used to predict the metabolic potential of complex microbial communities and provide insight into microbial activity and nutrient cycling in situ. Inferences regarding the physiology of specific organisms then can guide isolation efforts, which, if successful, can yield strains that can be metabolically and structurally characterized to further test metagenomic predictions. Here we used proteogenomic data from an acetate-stimulated, sulfidic sediment column deployed in a groundwater well in Rifle, CO to direct laboratory amendment experiments to isolate a bacterial strain potentially involved in sulfur oxidation for physiological and microscopic characterization (Handley et al, submitted 2012). Field strains of Sulfurovum (genome r9c2) were predicted to be capable of CO2 fixation via the reverse TCA cycle and sulfur oxidation (Sox and SQR) coupled to either nitrate reduction (Nap, Nir, Nos) in anaerobic environments or oxygen reduction in microaerobic (cbb3 and bd oxidases) environments; however, key genes for sulfur oxidation (soxXAB) were not identified. Sulfidic groundwater and sediment from the Rifle site were used to inoculate cultures that contained various sulfur species, with and without nitrate and oxygen. We isolated a bacterium, Sulfurovum sp. OBA, whose 16S rRNA gene shares 99.8 % identity to the gene of the dominant genomically characterized strain (genome r9c2) in the Rifle sediment column. The 16S rRNA gene of the isolate most closely matches (95 % sequence identity) the gene of Sulfurovum sp. NBC37-1, a genome-sequenced deep-sea sulfur oxidizer. Strain OBA grew via polysulfide, colloidal sulfur, and tetrathionate oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction under autotrophic and mixotrophic conditions. Strain OBA also grew heterotrophically, oxidizing glucose, fructose, mannose, and maltose with nitrate as an electron acceptor. Over the range of oxygen concentrations tested, strain OBA was not capable of aerobic growth, but it could tolerate low oxygen conditions in the polysulfide/nitrate growth medium, suggesting that oxidases identified by genomics may play a role in detoxification rather than energy generation. Cryo-TEM imaging showed that strain OBA cells are rod-shaped and approximately 0.4 wide and 1.0 mu m in length, and confirmed metagenomics-based predictions of a Gram-negative cell envelope, pili and polyphosphate body production. Our results show the value of integrating metagenomics, culturing, and microscopic imaging to discern the physiology of bacteria involved in biogeochemical transformations in the subsurface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mullin, S W AU - Wrighton, K C AU - Luef, B AU - Wilkins, M J AU - Handley, K M AU - Williams, K H AU - Banfield, J F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B51A EP - 0489 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Keep+your+sox+on%3B+community+genomics-directed+isolation+and+microscopic+characterization+of+the+dominant+subsurface+sulfur-oxidizing+bacterium+in+a+sediment+aquifer&rft.au=Mullin%2C+S+W%3BWrighton%2C+K+C%3BLuef%2C+B%3BWilkins%2C+M+J%3BHandley%2C+K+M%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mullin&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The geochemistry of biomineralization in planktonic Foraminifera; new techniques and tracers AN - 1623258331; 2014-087653 AB - Despite the clear utility of Mg/Ca and other Me/Ca proxies in planktonic foraminifera, several observations complicate climate reconstructions. (1) Sensitivity studies in cultured forams as well as field based calibrations show that skeletal Me/Ca tends to be sensitive to environmental factors other than T, like pH or oversaturation, and salinity. (2) Large magnitude Mg/Ca heterogeneity or "banding" within single foram tests indicates that skeletal composition is controlled by dynamic and complex processes during growth. One of the major unsolved problems in paleoceanography is the development of a mechanistic understanding of skeletal growth that can explain small-scale heterogeneity, link this heterogeneity to bulk composition, and separate the impact of different environmental factors on proxy behavior. Towards achieving these goals we have combined foram culturing techniques, isotope geochemistry, and nano-scale characterization. This new set of geochemical methods can quantify the impact of specific process like ion transport on test composition, can indirectly probe calcifying fluid chemistry, and can resolve the composition of skeletal heterogeneity at high precision for a range of chemical and isotope systems. We hope to use these data to build a mechanistic, chemical scale, and paleoceanographically useful understanding of skeletal growth in planktonic foraminifera. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gagnon, A C AU - de Yoreo, J AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Spero, H J AU - Russell, A D AU - Giuffre, A J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B14B EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+geochemistry+of+biomineralization+in+planktonic+Foraminifera%3B+new+techniques+and+tracers&rft.au=Gagnon%2C+A+C%3Bde+Yoreo%2C+J%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BSpero%2C+H+J%3BRussell%2C+A+D%3BGiuffre%2C+A+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gagnon&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial community response to permafrost thaw after wildfire in an Alaskan upland boreal forest AN - 1623258293; 2014-087846 AB - Fire is a major factor controlling the long-term dynamics of soil carbon in Alaskan boreal forests. Wildfire not only contributes to a significant global emission of greenhouse gasses but also can indirectly result in the deepening of the active layer and thawing of near-surface permafrost due to reductions in organic layer depth and increases in heat flux through soil. Although boreal ecosystems are fire-adapted, increased fire frequency and rising global temperatures may result in warmer soils and therefore increase the metabolic rates of decomposer microbes and result in accelerated permafrost decomposition and greenhouse gas fluxes. In addition to fire-mediated changes in soil and vegetation structure, changes in the soil microbial community structure are likely to have consequences for rates of soil carbon cycling. In this study we aimed to define the impact of fire on soil microbial communities in an upland black spruce forest and to assess microbial metabolic potential for soil respiration, methanogenesis, and nitrous oxide (N (sub 2) O) flux. Soil samples from two fire impacted and three control (unburned) locations were collected near Nome Creek, AK, an upland moderately drained black spruce forest. This location was within the Boundary fire that burned between mid-June and the end of August 2004. Soil temperature measurements from before and after the fire showed that soils were warmer after the fire event and the permafrost thawed below 1m. At each sampling location, soil and permafrost samples were collected every 10 cm to a depth of 1 m. Besides biochemical characterization, CO (sub 2) , CH (sub 4) , N (sub 2) O fluxes and potential activities of enzymes involved in extracellular decomposition of complex organic molecules (hemicellulose, chitin and lignin) were measured. The microbial community composition in the samples was determined by sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and microbial metabolic potential was assessed via sequencing of total genomic DNA (metagenomics) in selected active, transition and permafrost layers. Fire impacted locations were characterized with higher pH, soil moisture, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations compared to control locations. CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) fluxes were lower in burned sites compared to control sites, particularly at the depth of permafrost. In contrast, N (sub 2) O production was higher in burned soils. All of the enzymes had significantly lower activity in fire affected locations than in controls. There were no major differences in the microbial diversity of active layers between fire impacted and control locations. However, microbial diversity was lower in thawed permafrost layers of the burned samples compared to the controls. At all depths the microbial community composition was significantly different between burned and unburned sites. Metagenome sequencing revealed reduced metabolic capacity in genes for sugar and carbohydrate processing in burned active layer soils, whereas some genes for other processes such as stress response were enriched in thawed permafrost layers. In this ongoing project, microbial communities and processes will be further investigated to determine linkages between genomics, enzyme activities, and greenhouse gas fluxes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tas, N AU - Jorgenson, M T AU - Wang, S AU - Berhe, A A AU - Wickland, K P AU - Waldrop, M P AU - Jansson, J R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C31C EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Microbial+community+response+to+permafrost+thaw+after+wildfire+in+an+Alaskan+upland+boreal+forest&rft.au=Tas%2C+N%3BJorgenson%2C+M+T%3BWang%2C+S%3BBerhe%2C+A+A%3BWickland%2C+K+P%3BWaldrop%2C+M+P%3BJansson%2C+J+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tas&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Active layer and permafrost thermal regimes in ice wedge polygon dominated regions of Alaska AN - 1623258138; 2014-087787 AB - Large areas of Alaskan Arctic tundra are covered by the patterned ground features created by repeated freezing and thawing of soil underlain by aerially continuous permafrost. Polygonal ground structures play an important role in controlling the surface-subsurface hydrology and thermal regimes of this dynamic landscape. Micro-topographic variations in these polygonal feature-dominated areas drive the surface-subsurface hydrologic flows which, in turn, have a strong influence on the subsurface thermal hydrology. Advective heat transport by surface flows and lateral movement of groundwater in the subsurface leads to complex heterogeneous subsurface thermal regimes. Differential heat transport mediated by lateral flows in the subsurface often leads to connectivity among the otherwise isolated polygons, thus changing the local scale hydrology in these systems. We investigate the soil thermal regimes and their control on local scale hydrology in areas of patterned ground using conceptual models and for sites near Barrow, Alaska, through simulations at sub-meter scale resolution for low-centered, high-centered and transition polygons. We also study the thermal and hydrologic characteristics of low- and high-centered polygons and develop schemes for representation, parameterization and scaling in the control of these localized processes for the larger landscape. We achieve this through characterization of the patterned ground using high resolution LiDAR and high fidelity simulations at various scales and resolutions combined with the coupled multiscale-multiphase-multicomponent surface-subsurface reactive flow and transport model PFLOTRAN. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kumar, J AU - Bisht, G AU - Karra, S AU - Liljedahl, A K AU - Hoffman, F M AU - Mills, R T AU - Painter, S AU - Thornton, P E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B53E EP - 0713 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Active+layer+and+permafrost+thermal+regimes+in+ice+wedge+polygon+dominated+regions+of+Alaska&rft.au=Kumar%2C+J%3BBisht%2C+G%3BKarra%2C+S%3BLiljedahl%2C+A+K%3BHoffman%2C+F+M%3BMills%2C+R+T%3BPainter%2C+S%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time resolved nucleation and growth of monodisperse FeOOH nanoparticles observed in situ AN - 1623258076; 2014-087769 AB - The nucleation and growth of oxide minerals from aqueous solution is a poorly understood process. Complexities such as two-stage precipitation, phase transformation, and hydrolysis often inhibit simple interpretation. In this study, we track the thermally induced nucleation and growth of akaganeite (beta -FeOOH) nanoparticles from FeCl (sub 3) solutions, using in situ time resolved small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Variations in reaction temperature (from 37 deg C to 80 deg C) and FeCl (sub 3) concentration (from 5 mM to 800 mM) produce systematic changes in nucleation rate, growth rate, particle size distribution, and aspect ratio. Low FeCl (sub 3) concentrations and high temperatures lead to formation of very small particles via rapid nucleation. (FeCl (sub 3) solutions are actually more supersaturated with respect to akaganeite when concentrations are low, due to the acid-base chemistry of ferric iron.) Increasing the FeCl (sub 3) concentration leads to large, highly monodisperse particles via size focused growth. Suspensions of highly monodisperse, elongated particles are found to self-organize into two dimensional colloidal crystals. The well-controlled growth processes in this system make it possible to conduct detailed kinetic modeling, and determine how both nucleation and growth rate respond to changes in the experimental conditions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Legg, B A AU - Zhu, M AU - Zhang, H AU - Waychunas, G AU - Banfield, J F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B53D EP - 0695 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Time+resolved+nucleation+and+growth+of+monodisperse+FeOOH+nanoparticles+observed+in+situ&rft.au=Legg%2C+B+A%3BZhu%2C+M%3BZhang%2C+H%3BWaychunas%2C+G%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Legg&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of microbial surfaces on mineral trapping AN - 1618134767; 2014-083704 AB - Geologic carbon sequestration, the underground storage of CO2, will be an essential component of global climate change mitigation. Carbonate minerals are a stable form of CO2 storage, but their geologic formation is slow. Many microbes are known to affect carbonate mineral formation; however the mechanisms of such mineralization are largely unknown. Suggested mechanisms include metabolic processes that alter pH and supersaturation, as well as cell surface properties that induce mineral nucleation. This work systematically investigates how diverse bacterial surface alter the rates and transformations of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Under low supersaturation conditions, several diverse species accelerated the formation of CaCO3 relative to silicate containing solutions. These rate changes also occurred for metabolically inactive bacteria, indicating that metabolic activity was not the operating mechanism. Rather, since the number of CaCO3 crystals increased in number as the cell density increased, these results indicate that many bacterial species accelerate the nucleation of CaCO3. Bacterial surface charge and cation binding was assessed using zeta potential measurements and correlated to the bacterial surface chemistry and biomineralization experiments with varying Ca2+ concentrations. To understand the role of specific biomolecules on nucleation, we engineered surface layer proteins (S-layers) to affect their charge and displayed functional groups. From these results combined, we postulate that microbial surfaces can selectively attract Ca2+ ions, serving as nucleation sites for CaCO3, thereby accelerating crystal formation. These observations provide substantive evidence for a non-specific nucleation mechanism, and stress the importance of microbes, on the rate of formation of carbonate minerals. This work also indicates that additional microbial engineering specifically targeted to S-layer proteins could optimize these interactions and be used to implement the sequestration of CO2 as stable mineral carbonates on an accelerated timescale. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ajo-Franklin, C AU - Cappuccio, J A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B43B EP - 0390 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618134767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+microbial+surfaces+on+mineral+trapping&rft.au=Ajo-Franklin%2C+C%3BCappuccio%2C+J+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ajo-Franklin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectromicroscopy to explore scale transitions in two topsoil horizons AN - 1618134720; 2014-083614 AB - Mechanistic knowledge of soil processes is ever increasing, yet the fundamental challenge remains to trace functions and processes across scales. In this contribution we explore the potential of spectromicroscopic imaging at both millimeter and nanometer scales to support hypotheses about mineral and organic phase transformations in a forest soil (Inceptisol, HJ Andrews, OR) and in an arable grassland soil (Mollisol, CBARC, Pendleton, OR). Soils were physically separated into free organic matter, aggregated organic matter and a mineral fraction. Fractions were subjected to FTIR microscopy at the millimeter scale and Synchrotron spectromicroscopy at the nanometer scale to obtain information on how the association of carbon and metal species with soil phases varies as a function of scale. Numerical techniques of image analyses were applied to enable quantitative inference. First results indicate that scale transitions in different soils are not necessarily governed by the same rule sets. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chacon, S S AU - Keiluweit, M AU - Kleber, M AU - Pett-Ridge, J AU - Nico, P S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B31E EP - 0477 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618134720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Spectromicroscopy+to+explore+scale+transitions+in+two+topsoil+horizons&rft.au=Chacon%2C+S+S%3BKeiluweit%2C+M%3BKleber%2C+M%3BPett-Ridge%2C+J%3BNico%2C+P+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chacon&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controls of functional group chemistry on calcium carbonate nucleation; insights into systematics of biomolecular innovations for skeletal mineralization? AN - 1618134358; 2014-083700 AB - Living organisms produce skeletal structures within a complex matrix of organic macromolecules that guide the nucleation and growth of crystalline structures into the organic-inorganic composites we know as biominerals. This type of biomolecule-directed mineralization is an ancient process as evidenced by structures in the fossil record that date to the Ediacaran (ca. 549 Ma). Our understanding of template-directed biomineralization, however, is largely based upon assumptions from studies that: 1) qualitatively demonstrate some chemical functionalities influence the nucleating mineral phase and morphology; 2) propose proteins are the primary driver to template-directed mineralization and 3) propose the ubiquitous polysaccharides are inert components. Thus, a mechanistic basis for how the underlying chemistry of macromolecules controls nucleation kinetics and thermodynamics in template-directed nucleation is not well established. Moreover, there is not yet a good appreciation for how patterns of skeletal mineralization evolved with biochemical innovations in response to environmental changes over geologic timescales. In small steps toward understanding biochemical controls on biomineralization, we test the hypothesis that the kinetics and thermodynamics of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) formation is regulated by a systematic relationship to the functional group chemistry of macromolecules. A long-term goal is to establish the energetic basis for biochemical motifs that are seen (and not seen) at sites of calcification across the phylogenetic tree. Two types of studies were conducted. The first measured nucleation rates on model biomolecular substrates with termini that are found in proteins associated with sites of calcification (-COOH, -PO4, and -SH) and two alkanethiol chain lengths (16-C and 11-C) at a variety of chemical driving forces. The measurements show functional group chemistry and molecule conformation regulate rates by a predictable relation to interfacial free energy. A second study tested the hypothesis that polysaccharides can also confer reactivity through their functional group chemistry. Using high purity polysaccharides with regular monomer sequences as simple model compounds, we quantify the effect of functional group chemistry (chitosan, hyaluronic acid, heparin, alginic acid) and monomer sequencing (two stereoisomers of alginic acid) on the kinetic and thermodynamic barriers to CaCO3 formation. Analysis of the data indicates the barriers to nucleation are correlated by a systematic relationship to charge as the number of carboxyl groups per monomer of polysaccharide. The findings demonstrate a physical basis for how organic surfaces regulate the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation through interfacial free energy and suggest the chemical basis for recurring motifs that are seen in modern organisms. We also show that polysaccharides may indeed have active roles in promoting calcite mineralization and suggest their presumed function as inert framework molecules should be revisited. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dove, P M AU - Hamm, L M AU - Giuffre, A J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B43A EP - 0386 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618134358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Controls+of+functional+group+chemistry+on+calcium+carbonate+nucleation%3B+insights+into+systematics+of+biomolecular+innovations+for+skeletal+mineralization%3F&rft.au=Dove%2C+P+M%3BHamm%2C+L+M%3BGiuffre%2C+A+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dove&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring freeze thaw transitions in Arctic soils using complex resistivity method AN - 1618134257; 2014-083786 AB - The Arctic region, which is a sensitive system that has emerged as a focal point for climate change studies, is characterized by a large amount of stored carbon and a rapidly changing landscape. Seasonal freeze-thaw transitions in the Arctic alter subsurface biogeochemical processes that control greenhouse gas fluxes from the subsurface. Our ability to monitor freeze thaw cycles and associated biogeochemical transformations is critical to the development of process rich ecosystem models, which are in turn important for gaining a predictive understanding of Arctic terrestrial system evolution and feedbacks with climate. In this study, we conducted both laboratory and field investigations to explore the use of the complex resistivity method to monitor freeze thaw transitions of arctic soil in Barrow, AK. In the lab studies, freeze thaw transitions were induced on soil samples having different average carbon content through exposing the arctic soil to temperature controlled environments at +4 degrees C and -20 degrees C. Complex resistivity and temperature measurements were collected using electrical and temperature sensors installed along the soil columns. During the laboratory experiments, resistivity gradually changed over two orders of magnitude as the temperature was increased or decreased between -20 degrees C and 0 degrees C. Electrical phase responses at 1 Hz showed a dramatic and immediate response to the onset of freeze and thaw. Unlike the resistivity response, the phase response was found to be exclusively related to unfrozen water in the soil matrix, suggesting that this geophysical attribute can be used as a proxy for the monitoring of the onset and progression of the freeze-thaw transitions. Spectral electrical responses contained additional information about the controls of soil grain size distribution on the freeze thaw dynamics. Based on the demonstrated sensitivity of complex resistivity signals to the freeze thaw transitions, field complex resistivity data were collected over time at the DOE Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment study site in Barrow, AK. This presentation will discuss the use of the laboratory and field experiments to gain a better understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of freeze-thaw processes that critically control subsurface biogeochemical functioning in Artic systems. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wu, Y AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Ulrich, C AU - Dafflon, B AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C13C EP - 0640 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618134257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Monitoring+freeze+thaw+transitions+in+Arctic+soils+using+complex+resistivity+method&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large quantities of melt-quenched impact spherules in late Pleistocene Alaskan and Yukon "muck" deposits AN - 1618131454; 2014-084014 AB - The so-called "muck" deposits of Alaska and the upper Yukon are wind-transported, silt-dominated, organic-rich sediments, including paleosols, erosional unconformities, and buried forests with in situ stumps, that have accumulated in creek valleys over at least the last 2 million years. Underlying the frozen muck are gold-bearing gravels, and removal of Late Pleistocene muck layers in mining operations has uncovered a remarkable collection of usually broken and disarticulated megafaunal bones and carcasses. Previously, Fe-rich particles have been found embedded in a number of mammoth tusks and a bison skull, and those particles have high-Ni and low-Ti compositions indicative of an extraterrestrial origin. These fossils range in age from approximately 21 to 37 ka B.P. Additional fossil skulls (bison, rangifer, mammoth) and a mammoth tusk from Alaska and the Yukon Territory have been found in museum and government collections with embedded Fe-rich particles as well, and nine skulls also contain significant quantities of original host sediment within them. This associated sediment was removed and examined for the presence of spherules and other cosmic impact proxies. The additional megafaunal bones are estimated to date from between 13 to 40 ka, and radiocarbon dating of samples from these specimens is currently underway. Magnetic grains were extracted from aliquots of bulk sediment from each of the fossil skulls. The magnetic fractions ranged from approximately 5 to 44 g/kg, averaging 23.6 g/kg. We then examined each sample fraction for magnetic spherules. Two samples contained rounded detrital magnetite and no spherules, while the other seven samples contained numerous melt-quenched magnetic spherules ranging in abundance from approximately 1000 to 18,000/kg, averaging approximately 8000/kg. We performed SEM-EDS analyses on 49 selected spherules and identified two distinct compositional populations. One group from a mammoth skull is predominately aluminosilicate (Al2O3 = 30.7 wt.%, SiO2 = 34.4 wt.%, FeO = 23.4 wt.%, CaO = 2.9 wt.%, all other oxides <2.3 wt.%). The second group from all other skulls is typically iron-rich (FeO = 87.4 wt.%, Al2O3 = 2.0 wt.%, SiO2 = 2.3 wt.%, CaO = 4.0 wt.%, all other oxides <1.1 wt.%). Using ternary diagrams, we plotted various oxides of the 49 spherules against those for known populations of other spherule types. The results indicate that the 49 spherule compositions are consistent with those of known impact spherules; apparently they are not cosmic, anthropogenic, or volcanic in origin. These preliminary results suggest that large quantities of melt-quenched impact spherules were deposited across Alaska and western Canada (Beringia) within the last 40 kyr. We propose that they were most likely produced by hypervelocity impact/airburst events in the region during the Late Pleistocene. The presence of geochemically distinct populations indicates that there were at least two such impacts/airbursts into different source rocks. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hagstrum, J T AU - Firestone, R B AU - West, A AU - Weaver, J C AU - Bunch, T E AU - Kimbel, D R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract P31A EP - 1880 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618131454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Large+quantities+of+melt-quenched+impact+spherules+in+late+Pleistocene+Alaskan+and+Yukon+%22muck%22+deposits&rft.au=Hagstrum%2C+J+T%3BFirestone%2C+R+B%3BWest%2C+A%3BWeaver%2C+J+C%3BBunch%2C+T+E%3BKimbel%2C+D+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hagstrum&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overburden pressure as a cause of vertical velocity gradient AN - 1612268170; 2014-081981 AB - Nonlinear effect of rocks stressed by the overburden pressure causes anisotropy. Evaluation shows that such anisotropy can be significant, reaching several tens of percent and probably more. This result is consistent with common practices, when stacking velocity needs extra corrections with a changing offset. This also implies that at field scales all the rocks are likely to be anisotropic, and this property needs to be accounted for during migration of data, tomography, AVO analysis etc. The laboratory velocity measurements need to be corrected for the nonlinear overburden effects, when applied to the field scales. Nonlinear rock coefficients can be determined from the special laboratory measurements. They also can be evaluated from observation of the nonlinear propagation effects, such as multiple frequency generation. Nonlinear coefficient for Berea sandstone turned out to be by an order of magnitude larger than that estimated from borehole data. This is likely due to low stiffness and low fluid saturation of the used sample. This also suggests possibility of very high velocity gradient at shallow depths in some rocks. An assumption that the amplitudes of the static strains well exceed those related to the dynamic field is not critical. It was made in order to simplify the derivations. If both components are comparable, then the solution would have an additional nonlinear component representing a multiple harmonic. The relations between the nonlinear elastic constants and the elastic constants of the effective TI medium are very simple and allow straightforward estimate of the medium anisotropy induced by an applied stress. There are other causes of anisotropy in rocks besides an applied stress. The rock can possibly be anisotropic on a microscopic (clays) and mesoscopic (sedimentary layering) levels. The combined contribution of all the causes can either reduce or increase the overall effect. Same rock at different depths might have different wave propagation properties. Proper geological interpretation of seismic velocity maps requires application of local depth corrections, which can remove the overburden pressure effects. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Korneev, V A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract T12B EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612268170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Overburden+pressure+as+a+cause+of+vertical+velocity+gradient&rft.au=Korneev%2C+V+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing CO (sub 2) sequestration in an alkaline soil treated with flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) AN - 1612263396; 2014-080280 AB - Identifying effective and economical methods for increasing carbon storage in soils is of interest for reducing soil CO2 fluxes to the atmosphere in order to partially offset anthropogenic CO2 contributions to climate change This study investigates an alternative strategy for increasing carbon retention in soils by accelerating calcite (CaCO3) precipitation and promoting soil organic carbon (SOC) complexation on mineral surfaces. The addition of calcium ion to soils with pH >8, often found in arid and semi-arid regions, may accelerate the slow process of calcite precipitation. Increased ionic strength from addition of a soluble Ca source also suppresses microbial activity which oxidizes SOC to gaseous CO2. Through obtaining C mass balances in soil profiles, this study is quantifying the efficiency of gypsum amendments for mitigating C losses to the atmosphere. The objective of this study is to identify conditions in which inorganic and organic C sequestration is practical in semi-arid and arid soils by gypsum treatment. As an inexpensive calcium source, we proposed to use flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG), a byproduct of fossil fuel burning electric power plants. To test the hypothesis, laboratory column experiments have been conducted in calcite-buffered soil with addition of gypsum and FGDG. The results of several months of column monitoring are demonstrating that gypsum-treated soil have lowered amounts of soil organic carbon loss and increased inorganic carbon (calcite) production. The excess generation of FGDG relative to industrial and agricultural needs, FGDG, is currently regarded as waste. Thus application of FGDG application in some soils may be an effective and economical means for fixing CO2 in soil organic and inorganic carbon forms. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Han, Youngsoo AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract EP42D EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612263396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Testing+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration+in+an+alkaline+soil+treated+with+flue+gas+desulfurization+gypsum+%28FGDG%29&rft.au=Han%2C+Youngsoo%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Youngsoo&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Episodic tremor as indicators of slow-slip events (SSE) at Parkfield, California AN - 1612263349; 2014-080381 AB - Recurring episodes of nonvolcanic tremor (NVT) near Parkfield, California are reminiscent of seismic events associated with episodic tremor and slip (ETS) and slow-slip events (SSEs) observed in subduction zones. To explore possible relationships between the Parkfield episodes and subduction zone ETS/SSEs, we propose a simple SSE model from 52 NVT episodes occurring along the San Andreas Fault (SAF) near Parkfield-Cholame between July 2001 and March 2011. We estimate model parameters of the inferred SSEs using the locations and timing of NVT and LFE episodes, the duration of NVT activity during the episodes, and the correlated response between episodes and repeating earthquake activity along the SAF during the approximately 9.7 year period. Our findings suggest that slow-slip events occur on a SAF parallel patch that is approximately 25 km long and approximately 15 km wide centered at approximately 25 km depth. Inferred slip on the SSE patch ranges between about 6 and 11 mm, and implies a stress drop on the order of 10 kPa, which is consistent with previous observations. We also find that SSE source time functions typically have durations of approximately 10 days with a distinct peak after the first approximately 3 days, though double-peaks are sometimes observed. We also show that SSE moment magnitudes range between 5.0 and 5.4, which is in remarkably good agreement with predictions based on the tremor duration proposed by Aguiar et al. (2009). Moreover we find that the scaling of SAF SSE recurrence-time to moment is consistent with subduction zone SSEs. We also find that seismicity patterns above the SSE zone show correspondence with the SSE timing, and that recurrence times of NVT episodes may be capable of provide in-situ measurements of inferred fault slip transients below the seismogenic zone. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Nadeau, R M AU - Guilhem, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract S33B EP - 2535 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 19:Seismology KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612263349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Episodic+tremor+as+indicators+of+slow-slip+events+%28SSE%29+at+Parkfield%2C+California&rft.au=Nadeau%2C+R+M%3BGuilhem%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nadeau&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Texture and shape preferred orientation in mylonites developed under a complex kinematic frame; the Lalin-Forcarei Thrust (NW Iberian Massif, Spain) AN - 1612263091; 2014-080578 AB - Selected mylonites from a major shear zone in NW Iberian Massif, the Lalin-Forcarei thrust (LFT) , have been analyzed with time-of-flight (TOF) neutron diffraction for texture, and synchrotron X-ray microtomography for volume shape preferred orientation. The regional evolution of the structures indicates a complex frame where a general dextral oblique collision resulted into a progressive rotation of mylonitic linear shape fabric and an heterogeneous reworking of the crystallographic preferred orientation (or texture) along the LFT shear zone. As a result several groups of mylonitic lineations coexist across the LFT. Texture analysis of quartz mylonites results in a monoclinic symmetry of quartz and muscovite pole figures, coherent with a top-to-the NE shearing. Mylonitic amphibolites showed orthorhombic symmetry for major phases like albite and hornblende. Shear bands with a top-to-the SE sense of shear have been described in the amphibolites, which point to a stretching component along a NW-SE trend. X-ray microtomography experiments were done in quartz mylonites in order to constrain the kinematic frame (lineation and foliation) of the fabric, and correlate with texture obtained by neutron diffraction. Results support a general mylonitic flow to the NE within the LFT and suggest that rheological factors like mechanical contrast should be considered in the analysis of mylonitic fabric in complex orogenic systems. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gomez Barreiro, J AU - Voltolini, M AU - Martinez-Catalan, J R AU - Wenk, H AU - Vogel, S C AU - Mancini, L AU - Diez-Fernandez, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract T23F EP - 2748 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612263091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Texture+and+shape+preferred+orientation+in+mylonites+developed+under+a+complex+kinematic+frame%3B+the+Lalin-Forcarei+Thrust+%28NW+Iberian+Massif%2C+Spain%29&rft.au=Gomez+Barreiro%2C+J%3BVoltolini%2C+M%3BMartinez-Catalan%2C+J+R%3BWenk%2C+H%3BVogel%2C+S+C%3BMancini%2C+L%3BDiez-Fernandez%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gomez+Barreiro&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking earthquake source parameters of induced events with geomechanical reservoir properties. AN - 1612262849; 2014-080412 AB - We analyze the induced seismicity with respect to local variations of the magnitude-frequency distribution (b-value) and event stress drop. A good test case is the hydraulic stimulation carried out in Basel for a geothermal project, where more than 10,500 events were recorded with very high precision over a 6-day stimulation period. Several larger magnitude (up to ML=3.4) earthquakes occurred shortly after well shut-in. In Basel, both, b-value and stress drop exhibit significant variations with radial distance from the injection point. A linear correlation of stress drop with pore pressure, forward modeled using linear diffusion, suggests a causal link between low stress drop and high pore pressure perturbation near the injection well. Likewise, high b-values in areas of high pore pressure perturbation near the injection indicate a connection between pore pressure and differential stress. To further investigate this observation, we forward-model the seismicity cloud, including a semi-stochastic element to obtain event magnitudes. The result is a simulated seismicity cloud evolving in space and time that can explain the radial dependence of stress drop and b-value by simply introducing a dependence of these two properties with differential stress. While this simple geomechanical model may explain a number of seismological observations, not only in Basel, the number of observations with sufficient precision is very limited to date. By calibrating to a seismicity sequence, we can estimate the probability of exceeding a certain magnitude with time and distance from the injection point, which is important for risk assessment. Calibrating in real time to an evolving induced seismicity cloud can provide a real-time hazard forecast and therefore an advanced traffic light system for risk mitigation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Goertz-Allmann, B AU - Gischig, V S AU - Wiemer, S AU - Bachmann, C E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract S33C EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612262849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Linking+earthquake+source+parameters+of+induced+events+with+geomechanical+reservoir+properties.&rft.au=Goertz-Allmann%2C+B%3BGischig%2C+V+S%3BWiemer%2C+S%3BBachmann%2C+C+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Goertz-Allmann&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fragmentation as a condition for persistence; exploring a new perspective of mineral-organic interactions AN - 1566810015; 2014-075197 AB - High radiocarbon ages (centennial to millennial) of soil organic matter tend to occur in soils with high proportions of reactive, hydroxylated minerals, including andisols, spodosols and oxisols. This indicates that the most reactive mineral surfaces, i.e. those that should in theory be particularly efficient in promoting transformations of organic matter are among the most powerful in protecting organic matter against decomposition on long time scales. The easiest way to reconcile this apparent paradox is to assume that organic compounds become fragmented upon contact with minerals, thereby generating fragmentation products which in turn are more likely to become preserved within the soil fabric than their precursor molecules. Here we use Vacuum Ultraviolet-Post Ionisation-Mass Spectroscopy (VUV-PI-MS) in combination with thermal and laser desorption to show how organic compounds undergo complete fragmentation upon contact with mineral surfaces. Fragmentation patterns were generally different between oxidic minerals and minerals belonging to the phyllosilicate group. Also, desorption from phyllosilicates generally required significantly higher energies than desorption from oxide phases. Our investigation suggests that, at low energy levels, breakdown and fragmentation is a probably major outcome of mineral-organic interactions. This observation supports a new model for the role of mineral-organic interactions in the preservation of organic compounds in the environment: mineral-induced fragmentation as a prerequisite for long term protection against decomposition. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kleber, Markus AU - Liu, S Y AU - Keiluweit, Marco AU - Nico, P S AU - Ahmed, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B12A EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566810015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Fragmentation+as+a+condition+for+persistence%3B+exploring+a+new+perspective+of+mineral-organic+interactions&rft.au=Kleber%2C+Markus%3BLiu%2C+S+Y%3BKeiluweit%2C+Marco%3BNico%2C+P+S%3BAhmed%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kleber&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Si:WO sub(3) heterostructure for Z-scheme water splitting: an ab initiostudy AN - 1562667993; 20518141 AB - The Si:WO sub(3) heterostructure is expected to have suitable band alignment for the Z-scheme water splitting, but the heterostructure interfaces have been scarcely studied. In this work, a series of interfaces between the WO sub(3) (100) and Si (001) surfaces, which have a small lattice-mismatch, are studied using ab initiocalculations. When there is no atom diffusion across the interface, a Si-O bonded interface with Si dimers is the most stable. Analysis of the electronic structure shows that the interfacial Si and O atoms are fully saturated, leading to a clean interface without localized gap states. O diffusion from WO sub(3) into Si is found to be thermodynamically possible, but it does not affect the full bond saturation of the interfacial atoms. A type-II band alignment exists between Si and WO sub(3), with the WO sub(3) conduction band about 0.5 eV higher than the Si valence band, which is not influenced by O diffusion. A band diagram is plotted for the Si:WO sub(3) heterostructure to evaluate its photocatalytic capability, and the influence of the small Schottky barrier and the interface amorphous layer is discussed. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Wang, Weichao AU - Chen, Shiyou AU - Yang, Ping-Xiong AU - Duan, Chun-Gang AU - Wang, Lin-Wang AD - Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE); East China Normal University; Shanghai 200241; China; , shiyouchen@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - Dec 2012 SP - 1078 EP - 1085 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy KW - Diffusion KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562667993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Si%3AWO+sub%283%29+heterostructure+for+Z-scheme+water+splitting%3A+an+ab+initiostudy&rft.au=Wang%2C+Weichao%3BChen%2C+Shiyou%3BYang%2C+Ping-Xiong%3BDuan%2C+Chun-Gang%3BWang%2C+Lin-Wang&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Weichao&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1078&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2ta00441k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy; Diffusion; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ta00441k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of cation-exchanged zeolite adsorbents for post-combustion carbon dioxide capture AN - 1560114406; 20516518 AB - A series of zeolite adsorbents has been evaluated for potential application in post-combustion CO sub(2) capture using a new high-throughput gas adsorption instrument capable of measuring 28 samples in parallel. Among the zeolites tested, Ca-A exhibits the highest CO sub(2) uptake (3.72 mmol g super(-1) and 5.63 mmol cm super(-3)) together with an excellent CO sub(2) selectivity over N sub(2) under conditions relevant to capture from the dry flue gas stream of a coal-fired power plant. The large initial isosteric heat of adsorption of -58 kJ mol super(-1) indicates the presence of strong interactions between CO sub(2) and the Ca-A framework. Neutron and X-ray powder diffraction studies reveal the precise location of the adsorption sites for CO sub(2) in Ca-A and Mg-A. A detailed study of CO sub(2) adsorption kinetics further shows that the performance of Ca-A is not limited by slow CO sub(2) diffusion within the pores. Significantly, Ca-A exhibited a higher volumetric CO sub(2) uptake and CO sub(2)/N sub(2) selectivity than Mg sub(2)(dobdc) (dobdc super(4-) = 1,4-dioxido-2,5-benzenedicarboxylate; Mg-MOF-74, CPO-27-Mg), one of the best performing adsorbents. The exceptional performance of Ca-A was maintained in CO sub(2) breakthrough simulations. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Bae, Tae-Hyun AU - Hudson, Matthew R AU - Mason, Jarad A AU - Queen, Wendy L AU - Dutton, Justin J AU - Sumida, Kenji AU - Micklash, Ken J AU - Kaye, Steven S AU - Brown, Craig M AU - Long, Jeffrey R AD - Department of Chemistry; University of California; Berkeley and Materials Sciences Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA; , jrlong@berkeley.edu Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - Dec 2012 SP - 128 EP - 138 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Flue gas KW - Simulation KW - Zeolites KW - Measuring instruments KW - Coal KW - Kinetics KW - Energy KW - Adsorption KW - Power plants KW - Uptake KW - Diffusion KW - Carbon dioxide KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560114406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+cation-exchanged+zeolite+adsorbents+for+post-combustion+carbon+dioxide+capture&rft.au=Bae%2C+Tae-Hyun%3BHudson%2C+Matthew+R%3BMason%2C+Jarad+A%3BQueen%2C+Wendy+L%3BDutton%2C+Justin+J%3BSumida%2C+Kenji%3BMicklash%2C+Ken+J%3BKaye%2C+Steven+S%3BBrown%2C+Craig+M%3BLong%2C+Jeffrey+R&rft.aulast=Bae&rft.aufirst=Tae-Hyun&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2ee23337a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy; Kinetics; Flue gas; Power plants; Adsorption; Simulation; Uptake; Diffusion; Coal; Measuring instruments; Zeolites; Carbon dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ee23337a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring of shallow subsurface anomalies with seismic waves AN - 1560083408; 2014-067070 AB - Human activity, such as extraction/injection of fluids or heat producing operations can cause significant changes in shallow subsurface. Monitoring of those changes is necessary for evaluation of the overall environmental impact and prevention of the unwanted scenarios. The existing seismic methods utilize surface waves for evaluating the elastic properties of the ground are based on 1D model and not capable to provide a suitable lateral resolution for imaging of contrast anomalies, which require a high resolution imaging. Contrast anomalies generate not just surface waves but also all kinds of scattered waves, which should be accounted for in the inversion process. A significant advancement in an imaging technology can be done using the full waveform inversion in the Fourier domain. For investigation of a sensitivity and resolution of the full waveform inversion we performed 3D modeling of elastic wave propagation in the media with a few vertical anomalies at different depths. The source of seismic signal is on the earth surface. The numerical simulation uses the three dimensional staggered-grid finite-difference method (Petrov and Newman, 2010). We consider scattering fields for a few configurations of anomalies and compute the response at different frequencies. Amplitude anomalies show much higher relative response compare to phase anomalies. The results suggest that the full waveform inversion in the Fourier domain should provide higher resolution and sensitivity than the existing 1D approaches. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Petrov, P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract T21B EP - 2559 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560083408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Monitoring+of+shallow+subsurface+anomalies+with+seismic+waves&rft.au=Petrov%2C+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Petrov&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraining chemical geothermometry with reactive transport models; an example study of the Dixie Valley geothermal area AN - 1560082223; 2014-067283 AB - In this study, 1D and 2D reactive transport simulations of the Dixie Valley geothermal area (Nevada, USA) were performed using Toughreact [1] to evaluate the fluid flow pathways and rates of equilibration of hydrothermal fluids. Modeling studies were combined with new multicomponent geothermometry, which is being used to estimate the temperature of geothermal reservoirs based on chemical analysis of geothermal springs. The concept is based on the assumption of chemical equilibrium between the thermal fluid and minerals of the reservoir rock [2]. If re-equilibration occurs between the reservoir at depth and the surface, then the 'deep' chemical signature of the fluid is lost and the obtained reservoir temperature is underestimated. The simulations were run for a vertical cross-section that has been structurally and geologically characterized. Model calibration was performed using available site information such as chemical analysis of geothermal springs, isotherms inferred from geothermal wells and results of a previous flow simulation study [3]. Model runs included the simulation of typical near-surface processes such as dilution, mixing and salt leaching occurring at the Dixie Valley geothermal area. Each reactive transport model produced 'synthetic' waters that were processed using the multicomponent chemical geothermometer code GeoT [4]. This code computes the saturation indices of reservoir minerals as a function of the temperature. Reservoir temperature is inferred when mineral saturation indices all cluster around zero. GeoT results were also compared with classical solute geothermometers (silica, Na-K-(Ca), K-Mg) [5]. Simulation results reveal that a minimum vertical fluid velocity on the order of a meter per day is needed to preserve the geochemical signature of a geothermal reservoir and to predict its temperature. The simulations also show that deep geochemical signatures are well preserved if fracture surfaces are partially coated by secondary minerals such as amorphous SiO2, quartz or calcite limiting further interactions between the rising fluid and the surrounding wall rock. Moreover, our results illustrate that the classical Na-K-(Ca) geothermometer cannot be applied to waters that leached evaporitic salts after equilibration, while multicomponent geothermometry provides more geologically reasonable results. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wanner, C AU - Peiffer, L AU - Spycher, N AU - Sonnenthal, E L AU - Iovenitti, J L AU - Kennedy, B M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract V13C EP - 2872 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560082223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Constraining+chemical+geothermometry+with+reactive+transport+models%3B+an+example+study+of+the+Dixie+Valley+geothermal+area&rft.au=Wanner%2C+C%3BPeiffer%2C+L%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BSonnenthal%2C+E+L%3BIovenitti%2C+J+L%3BKennedy%2C+B+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wanner&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association between permafrost degradation and soil greenhouse gas fluxes in the Alaskan Arctic AN - 1553089790; 2014-063578 AB - The Arctic is projected to warm at nearly twice the rate of the global average in the coming century. Climate change can generate both negative and positive feedbacks with Arctic ecosystems: As atmospheric carbon dioxide increases, plants grow more quickly, thus absorbing more carbon. As temperatures rise however, Arctic permafrost thaw could make more soil carbon susceptible to microbial degradation, leading to the release of more greenhouse gases (positive feedback) or more nitrogen for plant growth (negative feedback). Therefore, to accurately predict the effects of climate change, we must understand how the amount of greenhouse gas flux from the soil surface changes with soil temperature, soil moisture, depth to frozen ground, microtopography and permafrost degradation. We conducted fieldwork in the Alaskan Arctic, at the Barrow Environmental Observatory as part of the U.S. DOE Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE-Arctic). We sampled from areas that are representative of three levels of permafrost degradation: low-centered, transitional, and high-centered. Each sampling area may be further decomposed into three microtopographic components: troughs, edges, and centers. We measured the soil greenhouse gas fluxes and flux variability of each treatment over the growing season (using static chambers), soil moisture, soil temperature, and depth to frozen ground. As permafrost thaws during the growing season, we observe how greenhouse gas fluxes change as depth to permafrost increases. This may allow us to extrapolate how greenhouse gas fluxes would change due to a climate-change-induced temperature increase. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hahn, Melanie Sarah AU - Curtis, J B AU - Sloan, V L AU - Torn, M S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B21D EP - 0410 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553089790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Association+between+permafrost+degradation+and+soil+greenhouse+gas+fluxes+in+the+Alaskan+Arctic&rft.au=Hahn%2C+Melanie+Sarah%3BCurtis%2C+J+B%3BSloan%2C+V+L%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hahn&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward optimized bioclogging and biocementation through combining advanced geophysical monitoring and reactive transport modeling approaches AN - 1553085084; 2014-063602 AB - Bioclogging and biocementation offer exciting opportunities for solutions to diverse problems ranging from soil stabilization to microbially enhanced hydrocarbon recovery. The effectiveness of bioclogging and biocementation strategies is governed by processes and properties ranging from microbial metabolism at the submicron scale, to changes in pore geometry at the pore scale, to geological heterogeneities at the field scale. Optimization of these strategies requires advances in mechanistic reactive transport modeling and geophysical monitoring methodologies. Our research focuses on (i) performing laboratory experiments to refine understanding of reaction networks and to quantify changes in hydrological properties (e.g. permeability), the evolution of biominerals and geophysical responses (focusing on seismic and electrical techniques); (ii) developing and using a reactive transport simulator capable of predicting the induced metabolic processes to numerically explore how to optimize the desired effect; and (iii) using loosely coupled reactive transport and geophysical simulators to explore detectability and resolvability of induced bioclogging and biocementation processes at the field scale using time-lapse geophysical methods. Here we present examples of our research focused on three different microbially-mediated methods to enhance hydrocarbon recovery through selective clogging of reservoir thief zones, including: (a) biopolymer clogging through dextran production; (b) biomineral clogging through iron oxide precipitation; and (c) biomineral clogging through carbonate precipitation. We will compare the utility of these approaches for enhancing hydrocarbon recovery and will describe the utility of geophysical methods to remotely monitor associated field treatments. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hubbard, C G AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Wu, Y AU - Surasani, V AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Commer, M AU - Dou, S AU - Kwon, T AU - Li, Li AU - Fouke, B W AU - Coates, J D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B23B EP - 0447 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553085084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Toward+optimized+bioclogging+and+biocementation+through+combining+advanced+geophysical+monitoring+and+reactive+transport+modeling+approaches&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+C+G%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BWu%2C+Y%3BSurasani%2C+V%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BCommer%2C+M%3BDou%2C+S%3BKwon%2C+T%3BLi%2C+Li%3BFouke%2C+B+W%3BCoates%2C+J+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Record of an extraterrestrial impact in lacustrine basins of north, south and central Mexico in the Younger Dryas boundary layer (YDB) AN - 1545409007; 2014-054445 AB - In sediments dating to approximately 12,900 years ago at the onset of the Younger Dryas, there is evidence in several regions of the globe of an extraterrestrial impact, which is recorded by the presence of a peak in abundances of magnetic microspherules mainly constituted of Fe, Ti, and C, as well as glass-like carbon, charcoal and other magnetic grains. We investigated several basins in southern, central, and northern Mexico, including the basins of Cuitzeo, Acambay Valley, Chiapas, and Mexico basin. At these sites, Pleistocene vertebrates that are found associated with carbon and Fe spherules that are embedded in epiclastic, lacustrine or fluvial sediments that were deposited across the same age interval. All sites show the same particles, suggesting that the extent of the event was of such magnitude that covered the whole country. The Cuitzeo core, which has been the most studied, came from the depocenter of Cuitzeo Lake, where 2000 spherules/kg were found. There is a background of spherical to sub-spherical objects of ca. 100 per kg. The SEM and EDX microanalyses showed that all the particles are small: around 10-80 microns, generally iron-rich, titanium low, and with very low oxygen, which is uncharacteristic of typical terrestrial material. Geochemically predominant carbon is found in the reduced molecular form, and ternary geochemical analyses show that the spherules are not anthropogenic, cosmic or volcanic. Apparently, the impact caused a sudden influx of water to the basin, which is evidenced by the dominance of Stephanodiscus sp., a diatom associated with high water levels, suggesting that this event caused a sudden increase in the lake level and in redox conditions. Besides this evidence, a high peak of macrocharcoal particles was detected in the proximal facies, reaching 200 charcoal macroparticles per cubic cm, indicating an intense fire activity in the area caused probably by an impactor with low-nickel composition, such as a comet. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Israde-Alcantara, I AU - Bischoff, J L AU - West, A AU - Dominguez-Vazquez, G AU - Gonzalez, S AU - Firestone, R B AU - Bunch, T E AU - Kennett, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract PP31A EP - 2015 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545409007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Record+of+an+extraterrestrial+impact+in+lacustrine+basins+of+north%2C+south+and+central+Mexico+in+the+Younger+Dryas+boundary+layer+%28YDB%29&rft.au=Israde-Alcantara%2C+I%3BBischoff%2C+J+L%3BWest%2C+A%3BDominguez-Vazquez%2C+G%3BGonzalez%2C+S%3BFirestone%2C+R+B%3BBunch%2C+T+E%3BKennett%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Israde-Alcantara&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/PP/sessions/PP31A/abstracts/PP31A-2015 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nucleation and growth of minerals: atomic-, meso- and pore-scale perspectives AN - 1542646856; 2014-047640 AB - The ability to predict and control the nucleation and growth of minerals is important in a variety of applications such as disposal of spent nuclear fuel, scale formation during oil, gas and geothermal production, remediation of contaminants such as toxic metals and sequestration of carbon dioxide. Macroscopic net reaction rates and mineral/material morphologies all are ultimately driven by atomic-scale reactions on surfaces. While our ability to determine and detect atomic-scale processes has improved, significant challenges remain in relating these to macroscopic observables. The meso-scale offers us a potential ability to bridge these disparate time- and length-scales. In this talk, I will discuss our recent work to relate atomic-level reactions to macroscopic rates via the meso-scale on two common sparingly-soluble ionically-bonded salts: calcite (CaCO3) and barite (BaSO4),. First, I will discuss our efforts to use rare event theories (e.g., metadynamics, umbrella sampling, reactive flux) coupled to molecular dynamics simulations to determine the mechanisms and rates of mineral growth reactions that are too slow to simulate directly. Specifically I will discuss 'kink site nucleation' reactions, thought to be rate limiting under many conditions close to equilibrium during crystal growth. Second, I will discuss our efforts to infer the rates of attachment and detachment to these sites during from atomic force microscopy experiments of monomolecular step velocities as a function of saturation index and aqueous cation-to-anion ratio. I will conclude with studies of the nucleation of calcium carbonate in a synthetic porous media, controlled pore glass. Here I show that pore-scale processes and the interaction between substrate and solute can change not just rates, but in which pores precipitation preferentially occurs. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Stack, A G AU - Bracco, J N AU - Rother, G AU - Anovitz, L AU - Fernandez-Martinez, A AU - Waychunas, G AU - Gale, J D AU - Raiteri, P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract V54A EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542646856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Nucleation+and+growth+of+minerals%3A+atomic-%2C+meso-+and+pore-scale+perspectives&rft.au=Stack%2C+A+G%3BBracco%2C+J+N%3BRother%2C+G%3BAnovitz%2C+L%3BFernandez-Martinez%2C+A%3BWaychunas%2C+G%3BGale%2C+J+D%3BRaiteri%2C+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of volcanic CO (sub 2) emissions using the eddy covariance method AN - 1542644081; 2014-047554 AB - Eddy covariance (EC) is a micrometeorological technique proposed as a method to measure passive volcanic CO (sub 2) emissions from soil, vent, groundwater, and surface water sources. EC provides an automated, semi-continuous, and time and space-averaged CO (sub 2) flux measurement. Also, the measurement's "intermediate" spatial scale (m (super 2) -km (super 2) ) has the potential to bridge the gap between relatively small-scale ground-based measurements (e.g., using the accumulation chamber, AC, method) and relatively large-scale satellite-based observations. We deployed and tested an EC system during two studies in an area of diffuse volcanic CO (sub 2) emissions on Mammoth Mountain, CA and near a bubbling spring in Soda Springs, ID. Half-hourly EC CO (sub 2) fluxes were measured on Mammoth Mountain during September-October 2006 and ranged from 218 to 3500 g m (super -2) d (super -1) . Maps of surface CO (sub 2) flux were simulated based on AC measurements made repeatedly on a grid over a ten-day period. Large meteorologically driven variations in surface flux distributions and emission rates (16 to 52 t d (super -1) ) were observed. Using source weight function modeling, we compared EC to AC measurements of CO (sub 2) flux. Half-hour EC CO (sub 2) fluxes were moderately correlated (R (super 2) =0.42) with AC fluxes, whereas average-daily EC and AC fluxes were well correlated (R (super 2) =0.70). We then made EC measurements of CO (sub 2) flux on Mammoth Mountain during September-October 2010, which ranged from 85 to 1766 g m (super -2) d (super -1) . Three AC soil CO (sub 2) flux surveys during this time were used to simulate maps of soil CO (sub 2) flux and estimate total emission rates. An inversion of measured EC CO (sub 2) fluxes and corresponding modeled source weight functions was carried out and recovered 58 to 77% of the CO (sub 2) emission rates estimated based on simulated AC soil CO (sub 2) fluxes within a 0.01 km (super 2) area. Spatial distributions of modeled surface CO (sub 2) fluxes based on EC and AC observations showed moderate to good correspondence (R (super 2) =0.36 to 0.70). In September-October 2011, we deployed an EC system near a bubbling spring in Soda Springs, ID and measured CO (sub 2) fluxes from -74 to 1147 g m (super -2) d (super -1) . An inversion of measured EC CO (sub 2) fluxes and modeled source weight functions mapped the surface CO (sub 2) flux distribution within and quantified CO (sub 2) emission rate (24.9 t d (super -1) ) from a 0.05 km (super 2) area surrounding the spring. This emission rate was 79% of the dissolved CO (sub 2) discharge from the spring estimated as the product of the measured concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon and spring outflow rate. Overall, the results of our investigations suggest that under appropriate terrain and atmospheric conditions, EC can serve as a valuable tool for semi-continuous monitoring and quantification of volcanic CO (sub 2) emissions from moderate size land areas. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lewicki, J L AU - Hilley, G E AU - Dobeck, L AU - Fischer, M L AU - McLing, Travis L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract V53B EP - 2837 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542644081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Quantification+of+volcanic+CO+%28sub+2%29+emissions+using+the+eddy+covariance+method&rft.au=Lewicki%2C+J+L%3BHilley%2C+G+E%3BDobeck%2C+L%3BFischer%2C+M+L%3BMcLing%2C+Travis+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lewicki&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical characterization of the San Francisco volcanic field source AN - 1542643973; 2014-047567 AB - The San Francisco Volcanic Field (SFVF) is an active clustering of basalt flows and evolved silicic complexes in Arizona, USA, within the transition zone of crustal thickening from the Basin and Range Province (BRP) to the Colorado Plateau (CP). Although the field is not associated with typical volcanic geodynamic/tectonic regimes (e.g. subduction zones or mantle plumes), peak magma production was sufficient to produce a central stratovolcano. A subcontinental lithospheric mantle source has been inferred for transition zone volcanics, possibly related to sub-Moho or sub-lithosphere topography through processes like edge-driven convection. The central stratovolcano and coeval surrounding lower-volume, monogenetic basalt eruptions suggest there could be systematic spatial variability in chemistry and magma production rates within the SFVF source; on a much larger scale, variability has been observed in dynamic plume-driven volcanic provinces, such as Iceland and the Hawaiian Islands. In order to constrain the source chemistry and geometry, and investigate magmatic evolution of the SFVF, we have measured major and trace element abundances, and Nd, Sr, and Pb isotope ratios in Brunhes-aged samples that cover the eastern SFVF (including the stratovolcano and surrounding basalts). Stratovolcano mafic samples span a compositionally equivalent or narrower isotopic range than that observed in the surrounding monogenetic basalts; stratovolcano samples have epsilon Nd from -6 to -0.5, while surrounding samples range from -11 to +3. Sr isotopes in stratovolcano and more distal samples are comparatively unradiogenic, and range from 0.7028 to 0.7042. Pb isotopes in all samples are enriched beyond depleted mantle and above the NHRL. Some non-proximal samples have nearly identical isotopic values; for instance, several samples (in some cases samples from the stratovolcano and nearby cones) may cluster together in Sr-Nd space. When we filter data to exclude samples with 20). The non-mantle Nd isotopes, the comparatively unradiogenic Sr isotopes, and the modest enrichment in Pb isotopes, along with the high Nb/Ta ratios in the more primitive samples, is consistent with a source for SFVF magmas in metasomatized subcontinental lithospheric mantle. The most evolved stratovolcano sample (a rhyolite) has higher (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr and has potentially assimilated more crust, but isotope and trace element chemistry in the mafic stratovolcano samples suggests a common source and largely common plumbing with some surrounding monogenetic basalts. The chemistry of the stratovolcano can be explained by mixing and homogenization of magmas derived from the same sources as the surrounding basalts, with some assimilation of shallower crust in the most evolved samples. A chemically distinct source is not required, and the high melt production in the center of the field relative to surroundings is a rate phenomenon, but not necessarily compositionally driven. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Peterson, B T AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract V53C EP - 2850 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542643973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geochemical+characterization+of+the+San+Francisco+volcanic+field+source&rft.au=Peterson%2C+B+T%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of magma textures during deformation; insights from in situ X-ray tomography experiments AN - 1542642289; 2014-047055 AB - Pyroclasts provide snapshots of the state of the magma at fragmentation or emplacement. Their textures record the deformation and degassing magma underwent prior to quenching. Understanding the link between the final texture and the processes that created them requires experimental reproduction of volcanic conditions under constrained parameters. Technological advances at the X-ray tomography beamline at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have now made it possible to visualize magma in 3D as it is being deformed at high temperature, which allows us to visualize and quantify the processes that form pyroclasts. We use a fast readout camera that allows tomography on a few minutes timescale in combination with a high temperature uni-axial apparatus transparent to tomography. We heated obsidian samples from Big Glass Mountain, California and andesitic glass from Pahoa, California at various temperatures up to 1400 K. After an initial foaming stage, the samples were subjected to pure shear flow at strain-rates varying between 10 (super -6) s (super -1) and 10 (super -2) s (super -1) . Magma rheology measurements in the past have typically been restricted to bulk measurements and visualization before and after the experiment. This limits the ability to interpret the measured relationship between stress and strain-rate and the evolution of texture. The in situ scanning allows us to track the deformation or relaxation of individual bubbles, development of strain localization, crack initiation and makes it possible to directly correlate these processes to the bulk measurements of stress and strain. These new measurements will improve the interpretation of the textures found within the products produced by volcanic eruptions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Degruyter, Wim AU - Cordonnier, Benoit AU - Manga, M AU - Haboub, A AU - Andrews, B J AU - Dennen, R L AU - MacDowell, A AU - Parkinson, D Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract V51E EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542642289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+magma+textures+during+deformation%3B+insights+from+in+situ+X-ray+tomography+experiments&rft.au=Degruyter%2C+Wim%3BCordonnier%2C+Benoit%3BManga%2C+M%3BHaboub%2C+A%3BAndrews%2C+B+J%3BDennen%2C+R+L%3BMacDowell%2C+A%3BParkinson%2C+D+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Degruyter&rft.aufirst=Wim&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of synthetic biology for in situ resource utilization (ISRU) AN - 1502291330; 2014-012579 JF - Astrobiology AU - Montague, Michael AU - McArthur, George H, IV AU - Cockell, Charles S AU - Held, Jason AU - Marshall, William AU - Sherman, Louis A AU - Wang, Norman AU - Nicholson, Wayne L AU - Tarjan, Daniel R AU - Cumbers, John Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - 1135 EP - 1142 PB - Mary Ann Liebert, Larchmont, NY VL - 12 IS - 12 SN - 1531-1074, 1531-1074 KW - resources KW - photosynthesis KW - asteroids KW - near-Earth asteroids KW - International Space Station KW - feasibility studies KW - carbon dioxide KW - waste management KW - Spirulina KW - urea KW - raw materials KW - synthesis KW - solid waste KW - water KW - cyanobacteria KW - fixation KW - near-Earth objects KW - organic minerals KW - in situ KW - Moon KW - closed systems KW - lunar bases KW - photochemistry KW - nutrients KW - volatiles KW - regolith KW - energy KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1502291330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astrobiology&rft.atitle=The+role+of+synthetic+biology+for+in+situ+resource+utilization+%28ISRU%29&rft.au=Montague%2C+Michael%3BMcArthur%2C+George+H%2C+IV%3BCockell%2C+Charles+S%3BHeld%2C+Jason%3BMarshall%2C+William%3BSherman%2C+Louis+A%3BWang%2C+Norman%3BNicholson%2C+Wayne+L%3BTarjan%2C+Daniel+R%3BCumbers%2C+John&rft.aulast=Montague&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Astrobiology&rft.issn=15311074&rft_id=info:doi/10.1089%2Fast.2012.0829 L2 - http://www.liebertpub.com/publication.aspx?pub_id=99 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asteroids; carbon dioxide; closed systems; cyanobacteria; energy; feasibility studies; fixation; in situ; International Space Station; lunar bases; Moon; near-Earth asteroids; near-Earth objects; nutrients; organic minerals; photochemistry; photosynthesis; raw materials; regolith; resources; solid waste; Spirulina; synthesis; urea; volatiles; waste management; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ast.2012.0829 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium uptake onto Magnox sludge minerals studied using EXAFS AN - 1316373149; 2013-025295 AB - Around the world large quantities of sludge wastes derived from nuclear energy production are currently kept in storage facilities. In the UK, the British government has marked sludge removal as a top priority as these facilities are nearing the end of their operational lifetimes. Therefore chemical understanding of uranium uptake in Mg-rich sludge is critical for successful remediation strategies. Previous studies have explored uranium uptake by the calcium carbonate minerals, calcite and aragonite, under conditions applicable to both natural and anthropogenically perturbed systems. However, studies of the uptake by Mg-rich minerals such as brucite [Mg(OH) (sub 2) ], nesquehonite [MgCO (sub 3) .3H (sub 2) O] and hydromagnesite [Mg (sub 5) (CO (sub 3) ) (sub 4) (OH) (sub 2) .4H (sub 2) O], have not been previously conducted. Such experiments will improve our understanding of the mobility of uranium and other actinides in natural lithologies as well as provide key information applicable to nuclear waste repository strategies involving Mg-rich phases. Experiments with mineral powders were used to determine the partition coefficients (K (sub d) ) and coordination of [UO (super 2+) (sub 2) ] during adsorption and co-precipitation with brucite, nesquehonite and hydromagnesite. The K (sub d) values for the selected Mg-rich minerals were comparable or greater than those published for calcium carbonates. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis results showed that the structure of the uranyl-triscarbonato [UO (sub 2) (CO (sub 3) ) (sub 3) ] species was maintained after surface attachment and that uptake of uranyl ions took place mainly via mineral surface reactions. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - van Veelen, A AU - Copping, R AU - Law, G T W AU - Smith, A J AU - Bargar, J R AU - Rogers, J AU - Shuh, D K AU - Wogelius, R A AU - Evans, N D M Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - 3095 EP - 3104 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 8 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - nesquehonite KW - Western Europe KW - hydromagnesite KW - sludge KW - uranyl ion KW - Europe KW - adsorption KW - United Kingdom KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - brucite KW - metals KW - Magnox reactor KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - carbonates KW - actinides KW - storage KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1316373149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Uranium+uptake+onto+Magnox+sludge+minerals+studied+using+EXAFS&rft.au=van+Veelen%2C+A%3BCopping%2C+R%3BLaw%2C+G+T+W%3BSmith%2C+A+J%3BBargar%2C+J+R%3BRogers%2C+J%3BShuh%2C+D+K%3BWogelius%2C+R+A%3BEvans%2C+N+D+M&rft.aulast=van+Veelen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3095&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2012.076.8.24 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological disposal of radioactive waste; underpinning science and technology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; brucite; carbonates; Europe; EXAFS data; hydromagnesite; Magnox reactor; metals; nesquehonite; oxides; radioactive waste; remediation; sludge; storage; United Kingdom; uranium; uranyl ion; waste disposal; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2012.076.8.24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multireference Level Set for the Characterization of Nuclear Morphology in Glioblastoma Multiforme AN - 1257753649; 17431058 AB - Histological tissue sections provide rich information and continue to be the gold standard for the assessment of tissue neoplasm. However, there are a significant amount of technical and biological variations that impede analysis of large histological datasets. In this paper, we have proposed a novel approach for nuclear segmentation in tumor histology sections, which addresses the problem of technical and biological variations by incorporating information from both manually annotated reference patches and the original image. Subsequently, the solution is formulated within a multireference level set framework. This approach has been validated on manually annotated samples and then applied to the TCGA glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) dataset consisting of 440 whole mount tissue sections scanned with either a 20 or 40 objective, in which, each tissue section varies in size from 40k 40k pixels to 100k 100k pixels. Experimental results show a superior performance of the proposed method in comparison with present state of art techniques. JF - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering AU - Chang, Hang AU - Han, Ju AU - Spellman, Paul T AU - Parvin, Bahram AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - Dec 2012 SP - 3460 EP - 3467 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 345 E. 47th St. NY NY 10017-2394 United States VL - 59 IS - 12 SN - 0018-9294, 0018-9294 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - glioblastoma multiforme KW - Energy KW - Segmentation KW - Image processing KW - Tumors KW - W 30905:Medical Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1257753649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Transactions+on+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Multireference+Level+Set+for+the+Characterization+of+Nuclear+Morphology+in+Glioblastoma+Multiforme&rft.au=Chang%2C+Hang%3BHan%2C+Ju%3BSpellman%2C+Paul+T%3BParvin%2C+Bahram&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Hang&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Transactions+on+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.issn=00189294&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FTBME.2012.2218107 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - glioblastoma multiforme; Energy; Segmentation; Image processing; Tumors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2012.2218107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermophilic enrichment of microbial communities in the presence of the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate AN - 1257750248; 17423135 AB - The aim of the study was to develop an approach to enrich ionic liquid tolerant micro-organisms that efficiently decompose lignocellulose in a thermophilic and high-solids environment. High-solids incubations were conducted, using compost as an inoculum source, to enrich for thermophilic communities that decompose switchgrass in the presence of the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]). Ionic liquid levels were increased from 0 to 6% on a total weight basis incrementally. Successful enrichment of a community that decomposed lignocellulose at 55 degree C in the presence of 6% [C2mim][OAc] was achieved, when the [C2mim][OAc] level was increased stepwise from 2% to 4% to 5% to 6%. Pyrosequencing results revealed a shift in the community and a sharp decrease in richness, when thermophilic conditions were applied. A community tolerant to a thermophilic, high-solids environment containing 6% [C2mim][OAc] was enriched from compost. Gradually increasing [C2mim][OAc] concentrations allowed the community to adapt to [C2mim][OAc]. A successful approach to enrich communities that decompose lignocellulose under thermophilic high-solids conditions in the presence of elevated levels of [C2mim][OAc] has been developed. Communities yielded from this approach will provide resources for the discovery of enzymes and metabolic pathways relevant to biomass pretreatment and fuel production. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Reddy AU - Simmons, C W AU - Claypool, J AU - Jabusch, L AU - Burd, H AU - Hadi, M Z AU - Simmons, BA AU - Singer, S W AU - VanderGheynst, J S AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - 1362 EP - 1370 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 113 IS - 6 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Compost KW - Composts KW - Fuels KW - Enzymes KW - Microbial activity KW - Biomass KW - Acetic acid KW - lignocellulose KW - Inoculum KW - Metabolic pathways KW - Thermophilic microorganisms KW - P 9999:GENERAL POLLUTION KW - J 02490:Miscellaneous KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1257750248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Thermophilic+enrichment+of+microbial+communities+in+the+presence+of+the+ionic+liquid+1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium+acetate&rft.au=Reddy%3BSimmons%2C+C+W%3BClaypool%2C+J%3BJabusch%2C+L%3BBurd%2C+H%3BHadi%2C+M+Z%3BSimmons%2C+BA%3BSinger%2C+S+W%3BVanderGheynst%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Reddy&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fjam.12002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lignocellulose; Composts; Fuels; Metabolic pathways; Inoculum; Enzymes; Biomass; Thermophilic microorganisms; Acetic acid; Compost; Microbial activity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.12002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Visual Data Analysis as an Integral Part of Environmental Management AN - 1221868404; 17297622 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Environmental Management (DOE/EM) currently supports an effort to understand and predict the fate of nuclear contaminants and their transport in natural and engineered systems. Geologists, hydrologists, physicists and computer scientists are working together to create models of existing nuclear waste sites, to simulate their behavior and to extrapolate it into the future. We use visualization as an integral part in each step of this process. In the first step, visualization is used to verify model setup and to estimate critical parameters. High-performance computing simulations of contaminant transport produces massive amounts of data, which is then analyzed using visualization software specifically designed for parallel processing of large amounts of structured and unstructured data. Finally, simulation results are validated by comparing simulation results to measured current and historical field data. We describe in this article how visual analysis is used as an integral part of the decision-making process in the planning of ongoing and future treatment options for the contaminated nuclear waste sites. Lessons learned from visually analyzing our large-scale simulation runs will also have an impact on deciding on treatment measures for other contaminated sites. JF - IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics AU - Meyer, Joerg AU - Bethel, EWes AU - Horsman, Jennifer L AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Krishnan, Harinarayan AU - Romosan, Alexandru AU - Keating, Elizabeth H AU - Monroe, Laura AU - Strelitz, Richard AU - Moore, Phil AU - Taylor, Glenn AU - Torkian, Ben AU - Johnson, Timothy C AU - Gorton, Ian AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - Dec 2012 SP - 2088 EP - 2094 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 3 Park Avenue, 17th Fl New York NY 10016-5997 United States VL - 18 IS - 12 SN - 1077-2626, 1077-2626 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Computer programs KW - USA KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Geologists KW - Simulation KW - Nuclear energy KW - Environment management KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1221868404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Transactions+on+Visualization+and+Computer+Graphics&rft.atitle=Visual+Data+Analysis+as+an+Integral+Part+of+Environmental+Management&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Joerg%3BBethel%2C+EWes%3BHorsman%2C+Jennifer+L%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BKrishnan%2C+Harinarayan%3BRomosan%2C+Alexandru%3BKeating%2C+Elizabeth+H%3BMonroe%2C+Laura%3BStrelitz%2C+Richard%3BMoore%2C+Phil%3BTaylor%2C+Glenn%3BTorkian%2C+Ben%3BJohnson%2C+Timothy+C%3BGorton%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Joerg&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2088&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Transactions+on+Visualization+and+Computer+Graphics&rft.issn=10772626&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FTVCG.2012.278 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; Historical account; Geologists; Radioactive wastes; Simulation; Nuclear energy; Environment management; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2012.278 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetic study of cis-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) dechlorination using green rusts formed under varying conditions AN - 1171884976; 17357760 AB - Abiotic degradation of cis-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) was investigated using Fe hydroxides obtained by hydrolyzing Fe(II) salts over a pH range of 7.7-8.0. Within this narrow pH range, a green rust (GR) precipitated. The dechlorination reactivity of the resulting GR precipitates increased with the dissolved Fe(II) concentration remaining in solution after precipitation. Controls run using only the dissolved Fe(II) supernatant were not reactive, suggesting the relative amount of Fe(II) on the surface of precipitated GRs was the causative agent in the relative reactivity. To test this, a series of GR batches with varying dissolved Fe(II) concentrations were prepared by acid-base titration and examined for cis-DCE and VC dechlorination kinetics under reducing conditions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses of these batches were performed to characterize the bulk mineralogy and the excess surface Fe(II), respectively. Cis-DCE and VC dechlorination results along with solid phase characterization show that different surface Fe(II)/Fe(III) compositions are responsible for the different reactivity of GRs formed within the GR precipitation zone. Graphical abstract JF - Water Research AU - Han, Young-Soo AU - Hyun, Sung Pil AU - Jeong, Hoon Y AU - Hayes, Kim F AD - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA, youngsoohan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/12/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 01 SP - 6339 EP - 6350 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 46 IS - 19 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Chlorides KW - Mineralogy KW - Spectroscopy KW - Rust KW - X-rays KW - Titration KW - pH effects KW - Photoelectron spectroscopy KW - pH KW - Vinyl chloride KW - Dechlorination KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Precipitation KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Salts KW - Kinetics KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Diffraction KW - Hydroxides KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1171884976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Kinetic+study+of+cis-dichloroethylene+%28cis-DCE%29+and+vinyl+chloride+%28VC%29+dechlorination+using+green+rusts+formed+under+varying+conditions&rft.au=Han%2C+Young-Soo%3BHyun%2C+Sung+Pil%3BJeong%2C+Hoon+Y%3BHayes%2C+Kim+F&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Young-Soo&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=6339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.watres.2012.08.041 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dechlorination; Titration; Mineralogy; Diffraction; Hydroxides; Salts; Ionizing radiation; Kinetics; Precipitation; X-ray diffraction; Photoelectron spectroscopy; Rust; pH effects; Vinyl chloride; Spectroscopy; pH; X-rays; Chlorides; Hydrogen Ion Concentration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.08.041 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intake fractions of primary conserved air pollutants emitted from on-road vehicles in the United States AN - 1171883869; 17357675 AB - Vehicular air pollutant emissions are characterized by a high degree of spatial variability that is correlated with the distribution of people. The consequences of the spatial association between emissions and exposed populations have not been fully captured in lifecycle and other impact assessments. The intake fraction (iF) quantifies aggregate air-pollutant exposures attributable to sources. Utilizing source-receptor (S-R) relationships derived from the US Environmental Protection Agency's AERMOD steady-state plume model, we quantify the intake fraction of conserved pollutants emitted from on-road mobile sources and report here the first characterization across approximately 65,000 census tracts of the conterminous United States. Considering exposures out to 50 km from the source, the population-weighted mean iF is 8.6 parts per million (ppm). The population-weighted median generally increases with geographic scale, from 3.6 ppm for census tracts to 4.2 ppm for counties, and 5.1 ppm for states, while the population-weighted interquartile range (IQR) progressively narrows as geographic scale increases: 0.85-8.8 ppm for census tracts, 1.5-8.5 ppm for counties, and 3.2-7.5 ppm for states. Across the four US Census regions, the population weighted median iF varies from 2.2 ppm (South) to 7.5 ppm (West), and the census-tract IQR spans an order of magnitude in each region (2.1-17 ppm in the West; 0.55-6.9 ppm in the Midwest; 0.45-5.5 ppm in the South; and 1.8-18 ppm in the Northeast). The population-weighted mean intake fraction for populous urban counties is about two orders of magnitude greater than for sparsely populated rural counties. On a population-weighted average basis and considering the 50 km analysis range, 75% of the intake occurs in the same county as emissions. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lobscheid, Agnes B AU - Nazaroff, William W AU - Spears, Michael AU - Horvath, Arpad AU - McKone, Thomas E AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - 298 EP - 305 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 63 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Pollutants KW - Assessments KW - Exposure KW - Intakes KW - Emittance KW - Census KW - Populations KW - Emission analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1171883869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Intake+fractions+of+primary+conserved+air+pollutants+emitted+from+on-road+vehicles+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Lobscheid%2C+Agnes+B%3BNazaroff%2C+William+W%3BSpears%2C+Michael%3BHorvath%2C+Arpad%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E&rft.aulast=Lobscheid&rft.aufirst=Agnes&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2012.09.027 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-08 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.09.027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemically and geographically distinct solid-phase iron pools in the Southern Ocean AN - 1282821722; 2013-014323 AB - Iron is a limiting nutrient in many parts of the oceans, including the unproductive regions of the Southern Ocean. Although the dominant fraction of the marine iron pool occurs in the form of solid-phase particles, its chemical speciation and mineralogy are challenging to characterize on a regional scale. We describe a diverse array of iron particles, ranging from 20 to 700 nanometers in diameter, in the waters of the Southern Ocean euphotic zone. Distinct variations in the oxidation state and composition of these iron particles exist between the coasts of South Africa and Antarctica, with different iron pools occurring in different frontal zones. These speciation variations can result in solubility differences that may affect the production of bioavailable dissolved iron. JF - Science AU - von der Heyden, B P AU - Roychoudhury, A N AU - Mtshali, T N AU - Tyliszczak, T AU - Myneni, S C B Y1 - 2012/11/30/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Nov 30 SP - 1199 EP - 1201 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 338 IS - 6111 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Southern Ocean KW - sea water KW - oxidation KW - solutes KW - hydrochemistry KW - X-ray spectra KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - XANES spectra KW - solid phase KW - spatial distribution KW - mineral composition KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1282821722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Chemically+and+geographically+distinct+solid-phase+iron+pools+in+the+Southern+Ocean&rft.au=von+der+Heyden%2C+B+P%3BRoychoudhury%2C+A+N%3BMtshali%2C+T+N%3BTyliszczak%2C+T%3BMyneni%2C+S+C+B&rft.aulast=von+der+Heyden&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2012-11-30&rft.volume=338&rft.issue=6111&rft.spage=1199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1227504 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-05 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; chemical fractionation; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; iron; marine environment; metals; mineral composition; oxidation; sea water; solid phase; solutes; Southern Ocean; spatial distribution; spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1227504 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shear instability of internal solitary waves in Euler fluids with thin pycnoclines AN - 1356934212; 18059133 AB - The stability with respect to initial condition perturbations of solitary travelling-wave solutions of the Euler equations for continuously, stably stratified, near two-layer fluids is examined numerically and analytically for a set of parameters of relevance for laboratory experiments. Numerical travelling-wave solutions of the Dubreil-Jacotin-Long equation are first obtained with a variant of Turkington, Eyland and Wang's iterative code by testing convergence on the equation's residual. In this way, stationary solutions with very thin pycnoclines (and small Richardson numbers) approaching the near two-layer configurations used in experiments can be obtained, allowing for a stability study free of non-stationary effects, introduced by lack of numerical resolution, which develop when these solutions are used as initial conditions in a time-dependent evolution code. The thin pycnoclines in this study permit analytical results to be derived from strongly nonlinear models and their predictions compared with carefully controlled numerical simulations. This brings forth shortcomings of simple criteria for shear instability manifestations based on parallel shear approximations due to subtle higher-order effects. In particular, evidence is provided that the fore-aft asymmetric growth observed in all simulations requires non-parallel shear analysis. Collectively, the results of this study reveal that while the wave-induced shear can locally reach unstable configurations and give rise to local convective instability, the global wave/self-generated shear system is in fact stable, even for extreme cases of thin pycnoclines and near-maximum-amplitude waves. JF - Journal of Fluid Mechanics AU - Almgren, A AU - Camassa, R AU - Tiron, R AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, roxana.tiron@gmail.com Y1 - 2012/11/10/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Nov 10 SP - 324 EP - 361 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU United Kingdom VL - 710 SN - 0022-1120, 0022-1120 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Pycnocline KW - Solitary waves KW - Fluid mechanics KW - Growth KW - Convergence KW - Pycnoclines KW - Richardson number KW - Waves KW - Permits KW - Initial conditions KW - Richardson's number KW - Internal solitary waves KW - Shear KW - Mathematical models KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Laboratories KW - Simulation KW - Freak waves KW - Fluid Mechanics KW - Numerical simulations KW - Solitary Waves KW - Shear wave velocities KW - Instability KW - Evolution KW - S-waves KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - Q2 09166:Internal waves and microstructure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1356934212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fluid+Mechanics&rft.atitle=Shear+instability+of+internal+solitary+waves+in+Euler+fluids+with+thin+pycnoclines&rft.au=Almgren%2C+A%3BCamassa%2C+R%3BTiron%2C+R&rft.aulast=Almgren&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-11-10&rft.volume=710&rft.issue=&rft.spage=324&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fluid+Mechanics&rft.issn=00221120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2Fjfm.2012.366 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluid mechanics; Growth; Mathematical models; Pycnocline; Solitary waves; Simulation; Richardson number; Shear wave velocities; S-waves; Numerical simulations; Convergence; Pycnoclines; Freak waves; Initial conditions; Richardson's number; Instability; Internal solitary waves; Prediction; Shear; Simulation Analysis; Laboratories; Solitary Waves; Waves; Permits; Fluid Mechanics; Evolution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.366 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precise overgrowth composition during biomineral culture and inorganic precipitation AN - 1282821473; 2013-013722 AB - We introduce a method to analyze element ratios and isotope ratios in mineral overgrowths. This general technique can quantify environmental controls on proxy behavior for a range of cultured biominerals and can also measure compositional effects during seeded mineral growth. Using a media enriched in multiple stable isotopes, the method requires neither the mass nor the composition of the initial seed or skeleton to be known and involves only bulk isotope measurements. By harnessing the stability and sensitivity of bulk analysis the new approach promises high precision measurements for a range of elements and isotopes. This list includes trace species and select non-traditional stable isotopes, systems where sensitivity and external reproducibility currently limit alternative approaches like secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and laser ablation mass spectrometry. Since the method separates isotopically labeled growth from unlabeled material, well-choreographed spikes can resolve the compositional effects of different events through time. Among other applications, this feature could be used to separate the impact of day and night on biomineral composition in organisms with photosymbionts. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Gagnon, Alexander C AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Adkins, Jess F Y1 - 2012/11/10/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Nov 10 SP - 188 EP - 196 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 330-331 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - calcium KW - laser methods KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - crystal growth KW - symbiosis KW - phase equilibria KW - sensitivity analysis KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - chemical ratios KW - biomineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - laser ablation KW - biota KW - measurement KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - trace metals KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1282821473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Precise+overgrowth+composition+during+biomineral+culture+and+inorganic+precipitation&rft.au=Gagnon%2C+Alexander+C%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAdkins%2C+Jess+F&rft.aulast=Gagnon&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2012-11-10&rft.volume=330-331&rft.issue=&rft.spage=188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2012.08.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-05 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; biochemistry; biomineralization; biota; calcium; chemical composition; chemical ratios; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; laser ablation; laser methods; mass spectra; measurement; metals; phase equilibria; precipitation; sensitivity analysis; spectra; symbiosis; trace elements; trace metals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.08.022 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Liquid-Liquid Separation Explains "Non-Classical" Behavior During Calcium Carbonate Crystallization T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America AN - 1313117813; 6174219 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America AU - Wallace, Adam AU - Deyoreo, J AU - Banfield, Jillian Y1 - 2012/11/04/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Nov 04 KW - Calcium carbonate KW - Crystallization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313117813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Liquid-Liquid+Separation+Explains+%22Non-Classical%22+Behavior+During+Calcium+Carbonate+Crystallization&rft.au=Wallace%2C+Adam%3BDeyoreo%2C+J%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2012-11-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2012AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long term electrical resistivity monitoring of recharge-induced contaminant plume behavior AN - 1769964113; 2016-017209 AB - Geophysical measurements, and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data in particular, are sensitive to properties that are related (directly or indirectly) to hydrological processes. The challenge is in extracting information from geophysical data at a relevant scale that can be used to gain insight about subsurface behavior and to parameterize or validate flow and transport models. Here, we consider the use of ERT data for examining the impact of recharge on subsurface contamination at the S-3 ponds of the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site in Tennessee. A large dataset of time-lapse cross-well and surface ERT data, collected at the site over a period of 12 months, is used to study time variations in resistivity due to changes in total dissolved solids (primarily nitrate). The electrical resistivity distributions recovered from cross-well and surface ERT data agrees well, and both of these datasets can be used to interpret spatiotemporal variations in subsurface nitrate concentrations due to rainfall, although the sensitivity of the electrical resistivity response to dilution varies with nitrate concentration. Using the time-lapse surface ERT data interpreted in terms of nitrate concentrations, we find that the subsurface nitrate concentration at this site varies as a function of spatial position, episodic heavy rainstorms (versus seasonal and annual fluctuations), and antecedent rainfall history. These results suggest that the surface ERT monitoring approach is potentially useful for examining subsurface plume responses to recharge over field-relevant scales. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Gasperikova, Erika AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Watson, David B AU - Baker, Gregory S AU - Peterson, John E AU - Kowalsky, Michael B AU - Smith, Meagan AU - Brooks, Scott Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 33 EP - 49 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 142-143 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - solute transport KW - electrical resistivity tomography KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - geophysical surveys KW - contaminant plumes KW - government agencies KW - hydrogeology KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Bear Creek valley KW - transport KW - time-lapse methods KW - Tennessee KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - electromagnetic induction KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - rainfall KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - resistivity KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - recharge KW - mathematical methods KW - surveys KW - seasonal variations KW - Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769964113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Long+term+electrical+resistivity+monitoring+of+recharge-induced+contaminant+plume+behavior&rft.au=Gasperikova%2C+Erika%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BBaker%2C+Gregory+S%3BPeterson%2C+John+E%3BKowalsky%2C+Michael+B%3BSmith%2C+Meagan%3BBrooks%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Gasperikova&rft.aufirst=Erika&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=142-143&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2012.09.007 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bear Creek valley; contaminant plumes; electrical methods; electrical resistivity tomography; electromagnetic induction; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; government agencies; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrogeology; mathematical methods; models; nitrates; Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; rainfall; recharge; remediation; resistivity; seasonal variations; solute transport; surveys; Tennessee; time-lapse methods; tomography; transport; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.09.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling, simulation, and design criteria for photoelectrochemical water-splitting systems AN - 1701019833; 17456921 AB - A validated multi-physics numerical model that accounts for charge and species conservation, fluid flow, and electrochemical processes has been used to analyze the performance of solar-driven photoelectrochemical water-splitting systems. The modeling has provided an in-depth analysis of conceptual designs, proof-of-concepts, feasibility investigations, and quantification of performance. The modeling has led to the formulation of design guidelines at the system and component levels, and has identified quantifiable gaps that warrant further research effort at the component level. The two characteristic generic types of photoelectrochemical systems that were analyzed utilized: (i) side-by-side photoelectrodes and (ii) back-to-back photoelectrodes. In these designs, small electrode dimensions (mm to cm range) and large electrolyte heights were required to produce small overall resistive losses in the system. Additionally, thick, non-permeable separators were required to achieve acceptably low rates of product crossover. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Haussener, Sophia AU - Xiang, Chengxiang AU - Spurgeon, Joshua M AU - Ardo, Shane AU - Lewis, Nathan S AU - Weber, Adam Z AD - Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - Nov 2012 SP - 9922 EP - 9935 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 5 IS - 12 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Feasibility KW - Electrolytes KW - Computational fluid dynamics KW - Mathematical models KW - Design engineering KW - Guidelines KW - Electrodes KW - Acceptability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701019833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Modeling%2C+simulation%2C+and+design+criteria+for+photoelectrochemical+water-splitting+systems&rft.au=Haussener%2C+Sophia%3BXiang%2C+Chengxiang%3BSpurgeon%2C+Joshua+M%3BArdo%2C+Shane%3BLewis%2C+Nathan+S%3BWeber%2C+Adam+Z&rft.aulast=Haussener&rft.aufirst=Sophia&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=9922&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2ee23187e LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ee23187e ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controls on calcite nucleation by the free energy of the organic-inorganic interface AN - 1469625576; 2013-097282 AB - Calcium carbonate mineralization in natural environments is often associated with organic surfaces presented by macromolecules or microbial biofilms. Classical nucleation theory predicts that these surfaces should significantly affect nucleation rate by modulating interfacial free energy, which determines the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation. While previous studies have qualitatively demonstrated that the chemical functionalities present at macromolecular and microbial surfaces influence the nucleating mineral phase and morphology, a mechanistic understanding of their control over nucleation kinetics and thermodynamics is not well established. We test the hypothesis that specific chemistries regulate the kinetics and thermodynamics of CaCO (sub 3) formation by using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as model substrates for calcite nucleation. We measured nucleation rates on SAMs with different termini (-COOH, -PO (sub 4) , and -SH) and chain lengths (16-C and 11-C) for chemical driving forces above and below the solubility of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). There was no evidence of ACC formation. Using classical nucleation theory to interpret the kinetic data, we calculated interfacial energies and estimated effects on the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation. Calcite-substrate interaction forces were quantified with independent dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS) measurements. The kinetic measurements show calcite nucleation rate depends on SAM chemistry and chain length. The rate data is accurately described with a classical model of nucleation at all saturations, and calcite-substrate interaction force is correlated with interfacial free energy by a systematic relationship general to chemistry and chain length. Organic surfaces decrease the interfacial free energy associated with the nucleating phase by up to 25% compared to the value reported for calcite nucleation from solution. The findings demonstrate a physical basis for how organic surfaces reduce the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation through decreases in interfacial free energy and demonstrate that template-directed calcite nucleation proceeds without an amorphous intermediate. These observations suggest that emerging views of calcite mineralization as a widespread non-classical process need to be carefully examined. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hamm, Laura M AU - Han, Nizhou AU - Giuffre, Anthony J AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Dove, Patricia M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 495 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - amorphous materials KW - free energy KW - observations KW - measurement KW - inorganic materials KW - calcite KW - controls KW - organic compounds KW - nucleation KW - saturation KW - mineralization KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1469625576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Controls+on+calcite+nucleation+by+the+free+energy+of+the+organic-inorganic+interface&rft.au=Hamm%2C+Laura+M%3BHan%2C+Nizhou%3BGiuffre%2C+Anthony+J%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BDove%2C+Patricia+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hamm&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-20 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbonates; controls; free energy; inorganic materials; measurement; mineralization; nucleation; observations; organic compounds; saturation; spectra; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controls of functional group chemistry on calcium carbonate nucleation and insights for polymorph selection AN - 1469625334; 2013-097465 AB - Living organisms produce skeletal structures within a complex matrix of organic macromolecules that guide mineral nucleation and growth into the organic-inorganic composites we know as biominerals. The fossil record shows this type of template-directed mineralization dates to the Ediacaran (ca. 549 Ma). The mechanistic basis for how macromolecules control the nucleation kinetics and thermodynamics of carbonate polymorphs in template-directed nucleation is not well established. We test the hypothesis that the kinetics and thermodynamics of calcium carbonate (CaCO (sub 3) ) formation is regulated by a systematic relationship to the functional group chemistry of macromolecules. A long-term goal is to establish the energetic basis for biochemical motifs that are seen (and not seen) at sites of calcification across the phylogenetic tree. We first measured nucleation rates on model biomolecular substrates with termini found in the proteins and polysaccharides of calcifying tissues (-COOH, -PO (sub 4) , and -SH) and two alkanethiol chain lengths (16-C and 11-C) at variable chemical driving forces. Functional group chemistry and molecule conformation regulate rates by a predictable relation to interfacial free energy. A second study tested the claim that Mg:Ca ratio determines the CaCO3 polymorph that forms by conducting a series of experiments using C16-COOH substrates, pH = 8.5-10.5, and variable solution Mg:Ca. Calcite is the only phase to nucleate until Mg:Ca exceeds approximately 2.5, above which vaterite precipitates as a rough film. There is no evidence for aragonite formation in any experiment. The findings demonstrate organic surfaces regulate the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation through interfacial free energy and suggest the need to revisit the assumption that polymorph selection is determined by solution Mg: Ca. This is consistent with evidence (Wang et al., 2012, Faraday Disc.) that kinetic factors regulate the pathway to calcite versus aragonite formation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dove, Patricia M AU - Hamm, Laura M AU - Han, Nizhou AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 527 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - upper Precambrian KW - Precambrian KW - Ediacaran KW - aragonite KW - matrix KW - calcification KW - Proterozoic KW - free energy KW - calcite KW - substrates KW - controls KW - organic compounds KW - polymorphism KW - nucleation KW - metals KW - calcium carbonate KW - thermodynamic properties KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - Neoproterozoic KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1469625334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Controls+of+functional+group+chemistry+on+calcium+carbonate+nucleation+and+insights+for+polymorph+selection&rft.au=Dove%2C+Patricia+M%3BHamm%2C+Laura+M%3BHan%2C+Nizhou%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dove&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-20 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aragonite; calcification; calcite; calcium; calcium carbonate; carbonates; controls; Ediacaran; free energy; kinetics; magnesium; matrix; metals; Neoproterozoic; nucleation; organic compounds; polymorphism; Precambrian; Proterozoic; substrates; thermodynamic properties; upper Precambrian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrate morphology; physical properties of sands with patchy hydrate saturation AN - 1442374403; 2013-081246 AB - The physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments depend on the volume fraction and spatial distribution of the hydrate phase. The host sediment grain size and the state of effective stress determine the hydrate morphology in sediments; this information can be used to significantly constrain estimates of the physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments, including the coarse-grained sands subjected to high effective stress that are of interest as potential energy resources. Reported data and physical analyses suggest hydrate-bearing sands contain a heterogeneous, patchy hydrate distribution, whereby zones with 100% pore-space hydrate saturation are embedded in hydrate-free sand. Accounting for patchy rather than homogeneous hydrate distribution yields more tightly constrained estimates of physical properties in hydrate-bearing sands and captures observed physical-property dependencies on hydrate saturation. For example, numerical modeling results of sands with patchy saturation agree with experimental observation, showing a transition in stiffness starting near the series bound at low hydrate saturations but moving toward the parallel bound at high hydrate saturations. The hydrate-patch size itself impacts the physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments; for example, at constant hydrate saturation, we find that conductivity (electrical, hydraulic and thermal) increases as the number of hydrate-saturated patches increases. This increase reflects the larger number of conductive flow paths that exist in specimens with many small hydrate-saturated patches in comparison to specimens in which a few large hydrate saturated patches can block flow over a significant cross-section of the specimen. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - Dai, Sheng AU - Santamarina, J C AU - Waite, W F AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 EP - Citation B11205 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 117 IS - B11 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - sand KW - physical properties KW - numerical models KW - gas hydrates KW - saturation KW - energy sources KW - coarse-grained materials KW - clastic sediments KW - grain size KW - stress KW - sediments KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1442374403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=Hydrate+morphology%3B+physical+properties+of+sands+with+patchy+hydrate+saturation&rft.au=Dai%2C+Sheng%3BSantamarina%2C+J+C%3BWaite%2C+W+F%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J&rft.aulast=Dai&rft.aufirst=Sheng&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=B11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2012JB009667 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; coarse-grained materials; energy sources; gas hydrates; grain size; numerical models; physical properties; sand; saturation; sediments; stress DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012JB009667 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled simulation of surface-subsurface hydrologic processes with the open-source flow and reactive transport code PFLOTRAN AN - 1438969224; 2013-075246 AB - Advances in subsurface biogeochemical research and advanced computing capabilities have enabled the development of sophisticated, three-dimensional groundwater models employing multiple fluid phases and chemical components, coupled through a suite of biological and geochemical reactions at multiple scales. Such tools have enabled incredibly detailed simulations of contaminant fate and transport, but significant challenges remain in applying them to locations such as the Department of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) in East Tennessee where strong interactions between surface and groundwater exist. For example, in Bear Creek valley in Oak Ridge, losing reaches of Bear Creek may deliver nutrients (e.g., labile organic carbon) that are the limiting reactant for microbial consumption of nitrate contamination in the groundwater, and gaining reaches deliver contaminants to surface water. Besides studies of environmental contaminants, the ability to capture coupled surface/subsurface hydrologic interactions is important in eco-hydro-climatological studies, where accurately modeling soil moisture is critical for capturing vegetation dynamics and soil moisture-rainfall feedbacks. To address such challenges, we have added a surface water component to PFLOTRAN. PFLOTRAN is an open-source (LGPL-licensed) code developed for simulation of multiscale, multiphase, multicomponent subsurface flow and reactive transport problems on machines ranging from laptops to leadership-class supercomputers. We have coupled the Richards equation treatment of the subsurface domain with shallow overland flow equations by enforcing continuity of pressure and flux at the ground surface. The underlying solver framework allows significant flexibility in how the governing equations are solved, and we will compare different surface flow formulations and strategies for coupling the surface and subsurface flow domains. We will also present some preliminary coupled surface-subsurface simulations at the ORR, where explicit treatment of overland flow could further improve understanding of the influence of heavy precipitation events on contaminant transport. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Mills, Richard Tran AU - Bisht, Gautam AU - Hammond, Glenn E AU - Lichtner, Peter AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Watson, David B AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 262 EP - 263 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - processes KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - PFLOTRAN KW - three-dimensional models KW - biochemistry KW - eastern Tennessee KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - equations KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - Bear Creek valley KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - Richards equation KW - Tennessee KW - nitrate ion KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1438969224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Coupled+simulation+of+surface-subsurface+hydrologic+processes+with+the+open-source+flow+and+reactive+transport+code+PFLOTRAN&rft.au=Mills%2C+Richard+Tran%3BBisht%2C+Gautam%3BHammond%2C+Glenn+E%3BLichtner%2C+Peter%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-03 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bear Creek valley; biochemistry; chemical reactions; eastern Tennessee; equations; ground water; hydrology; nitrate ion; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; PFLOTRAN; pollution; processes; Richards equation; Roane County Tennessee; simulation; surface water; Tennessee; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bayesian Inference of Signaling Network Topology in a Cancer Cell Line AN - 1434026123; 18513701 AB - Motivation: Protein signaling networks play a key role in cellular function, and their dysregulation is central to many diseases, including cancer. To shed light on signaling network topology in specific contexts, such as cancer, requires interrogation of multiple proteins through time and statistical approaches to make inferences regarding network structure.Results: In this study, we use dynamic Bayesian networks to make inferences regarding network structure and thereby generate testable hypotheses. We incorporate existing biology using informative network priors, weighted objectively by an empirical Bayes approach, and exploit a connection between variable selection and network inference to enable exact calculation of posterior probabilities of interest. The approach is computationally efficient and essentially free of user-set tuning parameters. Results on data where the true, underlying network is known place the approach favorably relative to existing approaches. We apply these methods to reverse-phase protein array time-course data from a breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-468) to predict signaling links that we independently validate using targeted inhibition. The methods proposed offer a general approach by which to elucidate molecular networks specific to biological context, including, but not limited to, human cancers. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Hill, Steven M AU - Lu, Yiling AU - Molina, Jennifer AU - Heiser, Laura M AU - Spellman, Paul T AU - Speed, Terence P AU - Gray, Joe W AU - Mills, Gordon B AU - Mukherjee, Sach AD - super(1)Department of Biochemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, super(2)Centre for Complexity Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK, super(3)Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK, super(4)Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, super(5)Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, super(6)Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA super(7)Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia and super(8)Department of Statistics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2012/11/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Nov 01 SP - 2804 EP - 2810 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 28 IS - 21 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - Tumor cell lines KW - Data processing KW - Statistics KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Protein arrays KW - Breast cancer KW - Bioinformatics KW - Internet KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434026123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Bayesian+Inference+of+Signaling+Network+Topology+in+a+Cancer+Cell+Line&rft.au=Hill%2C+Steven+M%3BLu%2C+Yiling%3BMolina%2C+Jennifer%3BHeiser%2C+Laura+M%3BSpellman%2C+Paul+T%3BSpeed%2C+Terence+P%3BGray%2C+Joe+W%3BMills%2C+Gordon+B%3BMukherjee%2C+Sach&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=2804&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbts514 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; Tumor cell lines; Statistics; Data processing; Bayesian analysis; Protein arrays; Breast cancer; Bioinformatics; Internet DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts514 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control of selectivity in heterogeneous catalysis by tuning nanoparticle properties and reactor residence time AN - 1434025977; 18477004 AB - A combination of the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis could enable the development of sustainable catalysts with novel reactivity and selectivity. Although heterogeneous catalysts are often recycled more easily than their homogeneous counterparts, they can be difficult to apply in traditional organic reactions and modification of their properties towards a desired reactivity is, at best, complex. In contrast, tuning the properties of homogeneous catalysts by, for example, modifying the ligands that coordinate a metal centre is better understood. Here, using olefin cyclopropanation reactions catalysed by dendrimer-encapsulated Au nanoclusters as examples, we demonstrate that changing the dendrimer properties allows the catalytic reactivity to be tuned in a similar fashion to ligand modification in a homogeneous catalyst. Furthermore, we show that these heterogeneous catalysts employed in a fixed-bed flow reactor allow fine control over the residence time of the reactants and thus enables the control over product distribution in a way that is not easily available for homogeneous catalysts. JF - Nature Chemistry AU - Gross, Elad AU - Liu, Jack Hung-Chang AU - Toste, FDean AU - Somorjai, Gabor A AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720 USA Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - Nov 2012 SP - 947 EP - 952 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 4 IS - 11 SN - 1755-4330, 1755-4330 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Catalysis KW - Catalysts KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434025977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Control+of+selectivity+in+heterogeneous+catalysis+by+tuning+nanoparticle+properties+and+reactor+residence+time&rft.au=Gross%2C+Elad%3BLiu%2C+Jack+Hung-Chang%3BToste%2C+FDean%3BSomorjai%2C+Gabor+A&rft.aulast=Gross&rft.aufirst=Elad&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=947&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Chemistry&rft.issn=17554330&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnchem.1465 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catalysts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1465 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms and kinetics of anaerobic abiotic and nitrate-dependent bacterial U(IV) oxidation AN - 1434006944; 2013-073236 AB - A common strategy used to remove uranium from groundwater is promoting U(VI) reduction and precipitation of U(IV) as uraninite (UO (sub 2(s)) ) in contaminated aquifers. However, microbially mediated, nitrate-dependent UO (sub 2(s)) oxidation under anaerobic conditions may lead to re-mobilization of dissolved U(VI). Anaerobic oxidation of UO (sub 2(s)) may proceed by different pathways: abiotic, direct (enzymatic) biotic, or coupled biotic-abiotic. To elucidate the key biotic and abiotic mechanisms underlying UO (sub 2(s)) oxidation, flow-through column experiments were carried out with and without addition of Thiobacillus denitrificans. This bacterium contains c-type cytochromes that are thought to be the primary catalysts for anaerobic, nitrate-dependent UO (sub 2(s)) . Biogenic UO (sub 2) (s) was synthesized under anaerobic conditions. Mixtures of biogenic UO (sub 2(s)) and quartz, with and without T. denitrificans, were packed into 1-mL or 5-mL polypropylene columns, resulting in an initial porosity of 0.33. Flow was directed upward in the experiments to avoid the presence of N (sub 2) bubbles. The flow rates were controlled with an HPLC pump at flow rates of 0.060 - 0.075 mL/min. Columns were eluted for 100-500 pore volumes. Oxidation experiments were carried out in the dark at 25 + or - 2 degrees C in an anaerobic glove box (10%H (sub 2) , 90%N (sub 2) ) in buffered solution (MOPS, pH approximately 7.2). Abiotic oxidation of UO (sub 2(s)) by nitrate (1-20 mM) was slow under abiotic conditions. Experiments with nitrite led to higher dissolved U release rates. In the presence of T. dentrificans and nitrate, higher oxidation rates were observed compared with abiotic controls, suggesting that T. dentrificans catalyzed the oxidative dissolution of UO (sub 2(s)) . Characterization of solids before and after reaction by synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) showed that some uranium is retained in the column as U(VI) (sorbed or as a new precipitate). Our results suggest that U(IV) oxidation results from a combination of abiotic nitrite oxidation (from microbiological nitrate reduction) and direct biotic oxidation by T. denitrificans. Reactive transport modeling including equilibrium (aqueous complexation, sorption) and kinetic reactions are used to link molecular-scale mechanisms to macroscopic-scale observations. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Asta, Maria P AU - Kanematsu, Masakazu AU - Zhou, Peng AU - Beller, Harry AU - Traina, Samuel AU - O'Day, Peggy A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 208 EP - 209 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - effects KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - nitrate ion KW - water pollution KW - uraninite KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434006944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+and+kinetics+of+anaerobic+abiotic+and+nitrate-dependent+bacterial+U%28IV%29+oxidation&rft.au=Asta%2C+Maria+P%3BKanematsu%2C+Masakazu%3BZhou%2C+Peng%3BBeller%2C+Harry%3BTraina%2C+Samuel%3BO%27Day%2C+Peggy+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Asta&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; effects; geochemistry; ground water; kinetics; nitrate ion; oxidation; oxides; pollutants; pollution; uraninite; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The signature of thermal metamorphism in primitive planetesimals recorded in extraterrestrial organic solids AN - 1429841641; 2013-068602 AB - Primitive chondritic meteorites contain appreciable amounts of carbonaceous organic solids. It is well known that the molecular structure of these organic solids is modified in a systematic way in response to long-term thermal metamorphism associated with radiogenic heating in the planetesimal interiors. Such changes have been noted by others using Raman spectroscopy and by us using Carbon X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (C-XANES) as well as (super 13) C Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In the case of C-XANES one observes, upon long-term heating, the development of a 1s-sigma* exciton, a characteristic absorption feature diagnostic of the presence of graphene domains. In the case of solid-state (super 13) C solid state NMR, one observes the development of a large negative paramagnetic shift of the aromatic carbon resonance, with increased thermal metamorphism, over long time scales, where the paramagnetic shift indicates transition from an organic insulator into an organic conductor. Isothermal laboratory heating experiments were used to determine the kinetics of C-XANES exciton development with time; thus allowing the use of exciton intensity as an effective thermometer assuming isothermal heating. A new focus has been the application of (super 1) H solid state NMR to follow molecular evolution of carbonaceous solids subjected to parent body thermal metamorphism. We observe systematic changes in the (super 1) H resonance spectrum that correlate very well with both the C-XANES features and the (super 13) C paramagnetic shifts. Finally, thermally metamorphosed organic solids derived from primitive (undifferentiated) planetesimals are compared with terrestrial anthracite coals. Anthracite coals are obviously derived from a precursor material that differs completely from carbonaceous solids contained within planetesimals. Anthracites have also experienced a vastly different metamorphic history, i.e. these coals have been subjected to significantly lower temperatures but in the presence of considerable shear. It will be shown that these different metamorphic styles as well as different precursors lead to very different molecular structural outcomes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Cody, George D AU - Wang, Ying AU - Kebukawa, Yoko AU - Alexander, Conel M O'D AU - Kilcoyne, A L David AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 134 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - carbonaceous composition KW - organic compounds KW - parent materials KW - planetology KW - thermal metamorphism KW - metamorphism KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429841641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+signature+of+thermal+metamorphism+in+primitive+planetesimals+recorded+in+extraterrestrial+organic+solids&rft.au=Cody%2C+George+D%3BWang%2C+Ying%3BKebukawa%2C+Yoko%3BAlexander%2C+Conel+M+O%27D%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+David%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cody&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonaceous composition; geochemistry; metamorphism; organic compounds; parent materials; planetology; thermal metamorphism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liquid-liquid separation explains "non-classical" behavior during calcium carbonate crystallization AN - 1429839768; 2013-068614 AB - Recent experimental characterizations of the early stages of calcium carbonate crystallization reveal an abundance of nanometer-sized so-called "pre-nucleation" clusters that appear prior to the formation of an amorphous intermediate phase. The prevailing interpretation of the clusters as thermodynamically stable species is incompatible with classical nucleation theories that predict formation of unstable clusters within supersaturated solutions, as well as long-standing speciation models with established predictive capabilities. This study demonstrates that a liquid-liquid phase separation occurs within the range of concentrations that pre-nucleation clusters are observed. Amorphous calcium carbonate forms by coalescence and solidification of nanoscale droplets of an ion-rich dense liquid phase, which suggests experimental observations can be reconciled within the context of classical phase separation models without invoking non-classical constructs. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wallace, Adam F AU - DeYoreo, J J AU - Banfield, Jillian AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 136 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - experimental studies KW - crystallization KW - calcium carbonate KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429839768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Liquid-liquid+separation+explains+%22non-classical%22+behavior+during+calcium+carbonate+crystallization&rft.au=Wallace%2C+Adam+F%3BDeYoreo%2C+J+J%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcium carbonate; crystallization; experimental studies; geochemistry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving regional soil carbon inventories; combining the IPCC carbon inventory method with regression kriging AN - 1366815538; 2013-045268 AB - Regional assessments of change in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks due to land-use change are essential for supporting policy and management decisions related to greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation through carbon sequestration in soils. We have developed an improved approach by integrating geostatistical techniques with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) carbon inventory approach to assess the impact of no-till management and crop-residue retention on SOC changes at a regional scale. Specifically, the improved approach utilizes regression kriging (RK) to estimate reference carbon stocks for the IPCC method. In our case study, we compared the results from the RK method with a simple averaging (SA) method to derive the reference stocks as implemented in the Tier 2 IPCC approach, for a seven state area of the Midwestern United States. Using this improved method, we predict that eliminating tillage and retaining crop residues on all croplands of the study area would result in 11,735 Gg C yr (super -1) sequestration for 20 years in the top 30 cm of the soil profile. Most cropland area would sequester 0.2-0.75 Mg C ha (super -1) yr (super -1) . However, at a few places, the predicted rate of sequestration was more than 0.75 Mg C ha (super -1) yr (super -1) , with an upper limit of 1.1 Mg C ha (super -1) yr (super -1) . The highest rates of carbon accumulation were associated with favorable environmental conditions, such as lower slope positions and cold, temperate, moist climates. Validating predicted SOC change at 18 sites with varying soil types and environmental conditions showed that the RK approach to estimate reference carbon stocks decreased global prediction errors by 45% relative to the default reference values. The increase in prediction accuracy was due to using spatially varying SOC stocks rather than simple data averaging to derive reference SOC values. The uncertainty analysis demonstrated that there was more precision in the results from the RK approach in comparison to the results from the SA approach. These results suggest that improved geostatistical approach is a promising technique for improving soil carbon inventories that utilize the IPCC method, and will provide more precise results for informing public policy and management decisions while retaining ease of application. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geoderma AU - Mishra, Umakant AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Masanet, Eric AU - Ogle, Stephen M Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 288 EP - 295 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 189-190 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - United States KW - soils KW - soil profiles KW - precision KW - carbon sequestration KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - kriging KW - geostatistics KW - Eastern U.S. KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - climate change KW - carbon KW - policy KW - tillage KW - organic carbon KW - uncertainty KW - regression analysis KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1366815538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Improving+regional+soil+carbon+inventories%3B+combining+the+IPCC+carbon+inventory+method+with+regression+kriging&rft.au=Mishra%2C+Umakant%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BMasanet%2C+Eric%3BOgle%2C+Stephen+M&rft.aulast=Mishra&rft.aufirst=Umakant&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=189-190&rft.issue=&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geoderma.2012.06.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167061 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GEDMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon sequestration; climate change; Eastern U.S.; geostatistics; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; kriging; land use; Monte Carlo analysis; organic carbon; policy; precision; regression analysis; soil management; soil profiles; soils; statistical analysis; tillage; uncertainty; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.06.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radionuclide transport in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 1270041536; 2013-009595 AB - This paper presents a comprehensive treatment of large-scale unsaturated zone (UZ) transport below the repository at the Yucca Mountain, Nevada, reporting on studies investigating the UZ as a component of the Lower Natural Barrier to radionuclide transport from the site. Regardless of the disposition of Yucca Mountain as the site for a nuclear waste repository, these studies and models of radionuclide transport through the UZ have relevance to the study of contaminant transport through deep vadose zones in general. For many radionuclides, including most strongly sorbing species, the Yucca Mountain UZ was found to prevent or substantially reduce the rate of movement of radionuclides to the accessible environment. The UZ radionuclide transport models developed for Yucca Mountain simulate the features and processes that influence the capability of the UZ below the repository to reduce the movement of radionuclides. Transport of radionuclides away from the repository depends on the rate and pathways of flow within the UZ, the retardation of radionuclides, and the rate of transport by colloids. Several basic processes affect radionuclide transport in the UZ, including the quantity of recharge and deep percolation of water, flow partitioning between fractures and rock matrix, diffusion of radionuclides from water flowing in fractures into the pores of the rock matrix, sorption of radionuclides onto rock or mineral surfaces, and colloid filtration. This paper summarizes the treatment of these and other processes, describing the experimental and observational basis for the models, conceptualizations, and predictions, and then presents some representative results. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Robinson, Bruce A AU - Houseworth, James E AU - Chu, Shaoping Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 11 IS - 4 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - hydrogeology KW - Tiva Canyon Member KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - tracers KW - tuff KW - breakthrough curves KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - disposal barriers KW - diffusion KW - colloidal materials KW - numerical models KW - welded tuff KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - advection KW - Nye County Nevada KW - water table KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - southern Nevada KW - infiltration KW - Crater Flat Unit KW - Calico Hills Unit KW - waste disposal KW - natural barriers KW - review KW - storage KW - Paintbrush Tuff KW - field studies KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270041536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Radionuclide+transport+in+the+unsaturated+zone+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Bruce+A%3BHouseworth%2C+James+E%3BChu%2C+Shaoping&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2011.0133 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; breakthrough curves; Calico Hills Unit; colloidal materials; Crater Flat Unit; diffusion; disposal barriers; field studies; ground water; hydrogeology; igneous rocks; infiltration; isotopes; natural barriers; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; Paintbrush Tuff; pollutants; pollution; pyroclastics; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; review; southern Nevada; storage; Tiva Canyon Member; Topopah Spring Member; tracers; transport; tuff; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; water table; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2011.0133 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical monitoring of foam used to deliver remediation treatments within the vadose zone AN - 1270041529; 2013-009591 AB - Foam is a promising vehicle for delivering amendments into the vadose zone for in situ remediation; it is an approach being considered for in situ treatment and stabilization of metals and radionuclides located within the deep vadose zone of the Department of Energy's Hanford Site in the state of Washington. A central aspect of evaluating the effectiveness of this approach is the ability to monitor foam distribution, its transformation, and the reactions that it induces in the subsurface, ideally in a noninvasive manner. In this study, we performed laboratory experiments to evaluate the potential of geophysical methods (complex resistivity and time-domain reflectometry [TDR]) as tools for monitoring foam-assisted amendment delivery in the deep vadose zone. Our results indicated great sensitivity of electrical methods to foam transportation and evolution in unsaturated porous media that were related to foam bubble coalescence and drainage processes. Specifically, we observed (i) a decrease in electrical resistivity (increase in electrical conductivity) by more than an order of magnitude in both silica sand and natural sediment matrices during foam transportation; (ii) an increase in resistivity (decrease in conductivity) of more than twofold during foam coalescence and drainage; and (iii) a distinct phase and imaginary conductivity signature related to the evolution of water films on sediment grains during foam injection and evolution processes. To assist with the interpretation of these data, TDR measurements were used to monitor moisture content, which provided complementary information about foam distribution and drainage. Our results clearly demonstrated the sensitivity of electrical and TDR signals to foam transportation and evolution in unsaturated porous media and suggest the potential of these methods for monitoring the response of a system to foam-based remediation treatments at field scales. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Wellman, Dawn M Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 11 IS - 4 KW - United States KW - moisture KW - reclamation KW - unsaturated zone KW - techniques KW - hydrogeology KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - conductivity KW - silica KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - induced polarization KW - time domain reflectometry KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - bubbles KW - Hanford Site KW - porous materials KW - resistivity KW - metals KW - foam KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270041529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Geophysical+monitoring+of+foam+used+to+deliver+remediation+treatments+within+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yuxin%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWellman%2C+Dawn+M&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yuxin&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2011.0160 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-01-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bubbles; clastic sediments; conductivity; electrical methods; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; foam; geophysical methods; Hanford Site; hydrogeology; in situ; induced polarization; laboratory studies; metals; moisture; monitoring; porous materials; reclamation; remediation; resistivity; sand; sediments; silica; techniques; time domain reflectometry; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2011.0160 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing nonlinear regression and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for assessment of prediction uncertainty in vadose zone modeling AN - 1270040230; 2013-009602 AB - In vadose zone modeling, parameter estimates and model predictions are inherently uncertain, regardless of quality and quantity of data used in model-data fusion. Accurate quantification of the uncertainty is necessary to design future data collection for improving the predictive capability of models. This study is focused on evaluating predictive performance of two commonly used methods of uncertainty quantification: nonlinear regression and Bayesian methods. The former quantifies predictive uncertainty using the regression confidence interval (RCI), whereas the latter uses the Bayesian credible interval (BCI); neither RCI nor BCI includes measurement errors. When measurement errors are considered, the counterparts of RCI and BCI are regression prediction interval (RPI) and Bayesian prediction interval (BPI), respectively. The predictive performance is examined through a cross-validation study of two-phase flow modeling, and predictive logscore is used as the performance measure. The linear and nonlinear RCI and RPI are evaluated using UCODE_2005. The nonlinear RCI performs better than the linear RCI, and the nonlinear RPI outperforms the linear RPI. The Bayesian intervals are calculated using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques implemented with the differential evolution adaptive metropolis (DREAM) algorithm. The BCI/BPI obtained from DREAM has better predictive performance than the linear and nonlinear RCI/RPI. Different from observations in other studies, it is found that estimating nonlinear RCI/RPI is not computationally more efficient than estimating BCI/BPI in this case with low-dimensional parameter space and a large number of predictions. MCMC methods are thus more appealing than nonlinear regression methods for uncertainty quantification in vadose zone modeling. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Shi, Xiaoqing AU - Ye, Ming AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Wu, Jichun Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 11 IS - 4 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - two-phase models KW - numerical models KW - differential evolution-Markov chain method KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - nonlinear materials KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - hydrogeology KW - equations KW - measurement KW - errors KW - DREAM method KW - movement KW - uncertainty KW - regression analysis KW - Markov chain analysis KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270040230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Comparing+nonlinear+regression+and+Markov+chain+Monte+Carlo+methods+for+assessment+of+prediction+uncertainty+in+vadose+zone+modeling&rft.au=Shi%2C+Xiaoqing%3BYe%2C+Ming%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BWu%2C+Jichun&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Xiaoqing&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2011.0147 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 74 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-01-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - differential evolution-Markov chain method; DREAM method; equations; errors; experimental studies; hydrogeology; Markov chain analysis; measurement; Monte Carlo analysis; movement; nonlinear materials; numerical models; prediction; regression analysis; soils; statistical analysis; two-phase models; uncertainty; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2011.0147 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of soil hydraulic parameters in the field by integrated hydrogeophysical inversion of time-lapse ground-penetrating radar data AN - 1270040191; 2013-009598 AB - An integrated hydrogeophysical inversion approach was used to remotely infer the unsaturated soil hydraulic parameters from time-lapse ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data collected at a fixed location over a bare agricultural field. The GPR model combines a full-waveform solution of Maxwell"s equations for three-dimensional wave propagation in planar layered media together with global reflection and transmission functions to account for the antenna and its interactions with the medium. The hydrological simulator HYDRUS-1D was used with a two layer single- and dual-porosity model. The radar model was coupled to the hydrodynamic model, such that the soil electrical properties (permittivity and conductivity) that serve as input to the GPR model become a function of the hydrodynamic model output (water content), thereby permitting estimation of the soil hydraulic parameters from the GPR data in an inversion loop. To monitor the soil water content dynamics, time-lapse GPR and time domain reflectometry (TDR) measurements were performed, whereby only GPR data was used in the inversion. Significant effects of water dynamics were observed in the time-lapse GPR data and in particular precipitation and evaporation events were clearly visible. The dual porosity model provided better results compared to the single porosity model for describing the soil water dynamics, which is supported by field observations of macropores. Furthermore, the GPR-derived water content profiles reconstructed from the integrated hydrogeophysical inversion were in good agreement with TDR observations. These results suggest that the proposed method is promising for non-invasive characterization of the shallow subsurface hydraulic properties and monitoring water dynamics at the field scale. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Jadoon, Khan Zaib AU - Weihermueller, Lutz AU - Scharnagl, Benedikt AU - Kowalsky, Michael B AU - Bechtold, Michel AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Vereecken, Harry AU - Lambot, Sebastien Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 11 IS - 4 KW - tomography KW - electrical conductivity KW - TERENO KW - Ruhr KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - characterization KW - unsaturated zone KW - Green function KW - Europe KW - waveforms KW - Selhausen Germany KW - layered materials KW - spatial distribution KW - quantitative analysis KW - North Rhine-Westphalia Germany KW - Central Europe KW - Maxwell's equations KW - time-lapse methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - hydrodynamics KW - Mualem-van Genuchten model KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - inverse problem KW - direct problem KW - equations KW - porosity KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Germany KW - soil management KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270040191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+soil+hydraulic+parameters+in+the+field+by+integrated+hydrogeophysical+inversion+of+time-lapse+ground-penetrating+radar+data&rft.au=Jadoon%2C+Khan+Zaib%3BWeihermueller%2C+Lutz%3BScharnagl%2C+Benedikt%3BKowalsky%2C+Michael+B%3BBechtold%2C+Michel%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BVereecken%2C+Harry%3BLambot%2C+Sebastien&rft.aulast=Jadoon&rft.aufirst=Khan&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2011.0177 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 99 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central Europe; characterization; direct problem; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic methods; equations; Europe; field studies; geophysical methods; Germany; Green function; ground-penetrating radar; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; inverse problem; layered materials; Maxwell's equations; moisture; monitoring; Mualem-van Genuchten model; North Rhine-Westphalia Germany; porosity; quantitative analysis; radar methods; Ruhr; Selhausen Germany; soil management; soils; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; TERENO; time-lapse methods; tomography; unsaturated zone; waveforms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2011.0177 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SPACE RADIATION PROTECTION ISSUES AN - 1171879258; 17349809 AB - The complex charged particle environments in space pose considerable challenges with regard to potential health consequences that can impact mission design and crew selection. The lack of knowledge of the biological effects of different ions in isolation and in combination is a particular concern because the risk uncertainties are very high for both cancer and non-cancer late effects. Reducing the uncertainties is of high priority. Two principal components of space radiation each raise different concerns. Solar particle events (SPE) occur sporadically and are comprised primarily of low- to moderate-energy protons. Galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) is isotropic and relatively invariant in dose rate. GCR is also dominated by protons, but the energy range is wider than in SPE. In addition, the contribution of other light and heavy ions to the health risks from GCR must be addressed. This paper will introduce the principal issues under consideration for space radiation protection. JF - Health Physics AU - Kronenberg, A AU - Cucinotta, F A AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, a_kronenberg@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - Nov 2012 SP - 556 EP - 567 PB - Williams & Wilkins, 351 W. Camden St. Baltimore MD 21201 United States VL - 103 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Ions KW - Health risks KW - Radiation KW - Biological effects KW - Cosmic radiation KW - Particulates KW - Crew safety KW - Cancer KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1171879258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=SPACE+RADIATION+PROTECTION+ISSUES&rft.au=Kronenberg%2C+A%3BCucinotta%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Kronenberg&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2FHP.0b013e3182690caf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Health risks; Ions; Biological effects; Radiation; Cosmic radiation; Particulates; Crew safety; Occupational exposure; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HP.0b013e3182690caf ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of the U.S. energy service company industry: market size and project performance from 1990-2008 AN - 1114289526; 4353148 AB - The U.S. energy service company (ESCO) industry is an example of a private sector business model where energy savings are delivered to customers primarily through the use of performance-based contracts. This study was conceived as a snapshot of the ESCO industry prior to the economic slowdown and the introduction of federal stimulus funding mandated by enactment of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA). This study utilizes two parallel analytic approaches to characterize ESCO industry and market trends in the U.S.: (1) a ''top-down'' approach involving a survey of individual ESCOs to estimate aggregate industry activity and (2) a ''bottom-up'' analysis of a database of ~3250 projects (representing over $8B in project investment) that reports market trends including installed EE retrofit strategies, project installation costs and savings, project payback times, and benefit-cost ratios over time. Despite the onset of a severe economic recession, the U.S. ESCO industry managed to grow at about 7% per year between 2006 and 2008. ESCO industry revenues were about $4.1 billion in 2008 and ESCOs anticipate accelerated growth through 2011 (25% per year). We found that 2484 ESCO projects in our database generated ~$4.0 billion ($2009) in net, direct economic benefits to their customers. We estimate that the ESCO project database includes about 20% of all U.S. ESCO market activity from 1990-2008. Assuming the net benefits per project are comparable for ESCO projects that are not included in the LBNL database, this would suggest that the ESCO industry has generated ~$23 billion in net direct economic benefits for customers at projects installed between 1990 and 2008. There is empirical evidence confirming that the industry is evolving by installing more comprehensive and complex measures-including onsite generation and measures to address deferred maintenance-but this evolution has significant implications for customer project economics, especially at K-12 schools. We found that the median simple payback time has increased from 1.9 to 3.2 years in private sector projects since the early-to-mid 1990s and from 5.2 to 10.5 years in public sector projects for the same time period. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Larsen, P H AU - Goldman, C A AU - Satchwell, A AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - Nov 2012 SP - 802 EP - 820 VL - 50 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Economics KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Case studies KW - Business management KW - Energy industry KW - Empirical research KW - Investment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1114289526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+the+U.S.+energy+service+company+industry%3A+market+size+and+project+performance+from+1990-2008&rft.au=Larsen%2C+P+H%3BGoldman%2C+C+A%3BSatchwell%2C+A&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=802&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2012.08.035 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4257 6431; 1862 1841 2889 5549 7625; 2932 2920 971 2934 3883; 2056 10902; 6852; 4200 10902 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.08.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - China's industrial energy consumption trends and impacts of the top-1000 enterprises energy-saving program and the ten key energy-saving projects AN - 1114289139; 4353127 AB - This study analyzes China's industrial energy consumption trends from 1996 to 2010 with a focus on the impact of the Top-1000 Enterprises Energy-Saving Program and the Ten Key Energy-Saving Projects. From 1996 to 2010, China's industrial energy consumption increased by 134%, even as the industrial economic energy intensity decreased by 46%. Decomposition analysis shows that the production effect was the dominant cause of the rapid growth in industrial energy consumption, while the efficiency effect was the major factor slowing the growth of industrial energy consumption. The structural effect had a relatively small and fluctuating influence. Analysis shows the strong association of industrial energy consumption with the growth of China's economy and changing energy policies. An assessment of the Top-1000 Enterprises Energy-Saving Program and the Ten Key Energy-Saving Projects indicates that the economic energy intensity of major energy-intensive industrial sub-sectors, as well as the physical energy intensity of major energy-intensive industrial products, decreased significantly during China's 11th Five Year Plan (FYP) period (2006-2010). This study also shows the importance and challenge of realizing structural change toward less energy-intensive activities in China during the 12th FYP period (2011-2015). All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Ke, J. AU - Price, L AU - Ohshita, S AU - Fridley, D AU - Khanna, N Z AU - Zhou, N AU - Levine, M AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - Nov 2012 SP - 562 EP - 569 VL - 50 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Economics KW - Energy efficiency KW - Energy policy KW - Energy conservation KW - Energy consumption KW - China KW - Industry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1114289139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=China%27s+industrial+energy+consumption+trends+and+impacts+of+the+top-1000+enterprises+energy-saving+program+and+the+ten+key+energy-saving+projects&rft.au=Ke%2C+J.%3BPrice%2C+L%3BOhshita%2C+S%3BFridley%2C+D%3BKhanna%2C+N+Z%3BZhou%2C+N%3BLevine%2C+M&rft.aulast=Ke&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2012.07.057 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6431; 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 4255 4276 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 4261 5574 10472; 4248 10956 2729; 93 116 30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.07.057 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of Advanced Technologies for Feedstock Chracterization and HTP Pretreatment Process Monitoring T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313108298; 6166748 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Singh, Seema Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313108298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Development+of+Advanced+Technologies+for+Feedstock+Chracterization+and+HTP+Pretreatment+Process+Monitoring&rft.au=Singh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Seema&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Two-Scale 13C-Based Method for Metabolic Flux Measurement and Prediction in Genome-Scale Models T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313108257; 6166745 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Garcia-Martin, Hector Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Prediction KW - Genomes KW - metabolic flux KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313108257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=A+Two-Scale+13C-Based+Method+for+Metabolic+Flux+Measurement+and+Prediction+in+Genome-Scale+Models&rft.au=Garcia-Martin%2C+Hector&rft.aulast=Garcia-Martin&rft.aufirst=Hector&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Tunable Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances in Tungsten Oxide Nanocrystals T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313097029; 6166589 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Manthiram, Karthish AU - Alivisatos, A Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Tungsten oxide KW - Crystals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313097029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Tunable+Localized+Surface+Plasmon+Resonances+in+Tungsten+Oxide+Nanocrystals&rft.au=Manthiram%2C+Karthish%3BAlivisatos%2C+A&rft.aulast=Manthiram&rft.aufirst=Karthish&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impact of Temperature On PEMFC Gas-Diffusion Layer Properties T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313095207; 6169789 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Kwong, Anthony AU - Gunterman, Haluna AU - Weber, Adam Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Temperature effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313095207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Temperature+On+PEMFC+Gas-Diffusion+Layer+Properties&rft.au=Kwong%2C+Anthony%3BGunterman%2C+Haluna%3BWeber%2C+Adam&rft.aulast=Kwong&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modulating Electron Transport in PbSe Inorganic Nanocomposites: Doping Through Surface Engineering T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313075296; 6170219 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Sharma, Richa AU - Sawvel, April AU - Buonsanti, Raffaella AU - Urban, Jeffrey AU - Milliron, Delia Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Nanocomposites KW - Electron transport UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313075296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Modulating+Electron+Transport+in+PbSe+Inorganic+Nanocomposites%3A+Doping+Through+Surface+Engineering&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Richa%3BSawvel%2C+April%3BBuonsanti%2C+Raffaella%3BUrban%2C+Jeffrey%3BMilliron%2C+Delia&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Richa&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Understanding and Redesigning Secondary Cell Wall Deposition in Plants T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313019452; 6166077 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Loque, Dominique Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Cell walls UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313019452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Understanding+and+Redesigning+Secondary+Cell+Wall+Deposition+in+Plants&rft.au=Loque%2C+Dominique&rft.aulast=Loque&rft.aufirst=Dominique&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Neutron Reflectometry, QCM-D , and TIRF Study of the Interaction of Endoglucanases with Films of Amorphous Cellulose T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313019402; 6166076 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Kent, Michael Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Cellulose KW - Neutrons KW - Endoglucanase KW - Films UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313019402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Neutron+Reflectometry%2C+QCM-D+%2C+and+TIRF+Study+of+the+Interaction+of+Endoglucanases+with+Films+of+Amorphous+Cellulose&rft.au=Kent%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Kent&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Massively parallel structured multifrontal solver for time-harmonic elastic waves in 3-D anisotropic media AN - 1282822185; 2013-015682 AB - We present a massively parallel structured multifrontal solver for the equations describing time-harmonic elastic waves in 3-D anisotropic media. We use a multicomponent second-order finite-difference method. We extend the corresponding stencil to enhance the accuracy of the discretization without increasing the order. This accuracy is aligned with the tolerance level used for the Hierarchically SemiSeparable (HSS) low rank matrix compression underlying our solver. The interplay between the finite accuracy discretization and the finite accuracy matrix solver yields the key strategy which leads to the architecture of our algorithm. We analyse the relevant matrix structures, (numerically) estimate the rank of the dense matrices prior to the HSS compression and study the effect of anisotropy, and deduce the complexity and storage requirements of our algorithm. Abstract Copyright (2012), RAS. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Wang, Shen AU - de Hoop, Maarten V AU - Xia, Jianlin AU - Li, Xiaoye S Y1 - 2012/10// PY - 2012 DA - October 2012 SP - 346 EP - 366 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 191 IS - 1 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - three-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - propagation KW - elastic waves KW - algorithms KW - harmonics KW - anisotropy KW - seismic methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1282822185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Massively+parallel+structured+multifrontal+solver+for+time-harmonic+elastic+waves+in+3-D+anisotropic+media&rft.au=Wang%2C+Shen%3Bde+Hoop%2C+Maarten+V%3BXia%2C+Jianlin%3BLi%2C+Xiaoye+S&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Shen&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.volume=191&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-246X.2012.05634.x L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; anisotropy; elastic waves; finite difference analysis; geophysical methods; harmonics; propagation; seismic methods; three-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05634.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of salt precipitation in the fractures of a CO (sub 2) -enhanced geothermal system AN - 1270040045; 2013-009403 AB - The development of enhanced geothermal systems using CO (sub 2) (CO (sub 2) -EGS) is a promising idea for expanding geothermal energy production (especially in areas with scarce water resources) when large supplies of captured anthropogenic CO (sub 2) may be available in the future. Implementing this concept relies on replacing the natural geothermal brine in the reservoir with injected CO (sub 2) to achieve enhanced energy recovery, and raises the questions of the fate of dissolved salts in the brine as CO (sub 2) dries out the system, and how any precipitated salt could affect fluid flow. In this case, a new TOUGH2 equation of state module (ECO (sub 2) H) was used to simulate CO (sub 2) injection in an EGS with a brine system comprised of H (sub 2) O and NaCl. This so called CO (sub 2) -EGS reservoir is at a depth of 3.5-4.5km with normal pressure (hydrostatic) and temperature (160-200 degrees C) gradients. A classic "five-well" geometry is assumed in our 706m X 706m X 1km block, of which only one eighth of the area needs to be modeled due to symmetry. The fractured EGS reservoir was modeled using the multiple interacting continua (MINC) conceptual model with fracture spacing of 10m. Dry CO (sub 2) was injected at the bottom of the initially brine-saturated reservoir and hot fluids were produced from the top of the reservoir. Simulations show that the brine contained in the fractures is produced initially, and only a few weeks later, the CO (sub 2) plume breaks through at the production well. The two-phase nature of flow at this time causes a reduction in flow rate. Fluid production increases again as the reservoir dries out and the injected CO (sub 2) fills the fractures (and more slowly the matrix). As the produced fluid becomes single-phase CO (sub 2) , energy production is enhanced. For salt mass fractions of the order of 0.01 (salinity of 10,000ppm), total heat produced during the lifetime of the well (about 6 years) is 270% more than that achievable with H (sub 2) O as the working fluid. This result is probably at the lower end of what had been previously suggested by Randolph and Saar (2011). Simulation results show that as the brine is driven out of the matrix by capillary pressure, H (sub 2) O evaporates into the CO (sub 2) plume and salt precipitates in the fractures clogging up the flow system. At the highest salt mass fraction modeled here (0.15), enhanced energy production is inhibited by halite precipitation in the fractures. Our simulations suggest that for low-salinity systems, significant clogging occurs close to the production well after less than 10 years, while at high salinities clogging occurs close to the injection well in less than one year. Even though clogging of the reservoir is an apparently inevitable consequence of the drying of the saline geothermal reservoir, the fact that clogging occurs in specific reservoir regions could imply that remediation strategies could be developed to mitigate clogging. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Borgia, Andrea AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Pan, Lehua Y1 - 2012/10// PY - 2012 DA - October 2012 SP - 13 EP - 22 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 44 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - numerical models KW - density KW - enhanced recovery KW - simulation KW - evaporites KW - porosity KW - carbon dioxide KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - gas injection KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - fluid injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - reservoir properties KW - thermodynamic properties KW - permeability KW - hydrostatic pressure KW - salt KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270040045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+salt+precipitation+in+the+fractures+of+a+CO+%28sub+2%29+-enhanced+geothermal+system&rft.au=Borgia%2C+Andrea%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BPan%2C+Lehua&rft.aulast=Borgia&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2012.06.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-01-17 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; chemically precipitated rocks; computer programs; density; enhanced recovery; evaporites; fluid injection; gas injection; geothermal energy; geothermal reservoirs; hydrostatic pressure; numerical models; permeability; porosity; reservoir properties; salt; sedimentary rocks; simulation; thermodynamic properties; TOUGH2 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2012.06.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of coupled processes on a proposed high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 1151912880; 2012-101405 AB - Heat from radionuclide decay causes coupled thermal (T), hydrological (H), chemical (C), and mechanical (M) processes in the rock mass. These coupled processes impact the ability of a repository to isolate waste by affecting water seepage into waste-emplacement drifts and by affecting radionuclide transport. The U.S. Department of Energy's Thermal Testing Program at the proposed high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, began in the mid-1990s and consisted of three large-scale in situ thermal tests. Although in 2010, the U.S. government decided to pursue alternative solutions to geologic disposal of radioactive waste at Yucca Mountain, the work reported throughout this volume refers to "the proposed repository" at Yucca Mountain, which was the status at the time the chapters were written (2009). The main objective of these thermal tests was to gain an in-depth understanding of the coupled THCM processes that would occur in the repository rock. Numerical models that capture coupled processes were constructed for the respective thermal tests, and the predictions from these numerical models, when compared to measured data, enabled the evaluation of processes occurring in the thermal tests. In turn, analysis of the thermal tests, particularly of the drift-scale test (the largest of these tests), has provided information on THCM processes that were incorporated in drift-scale and mountain-scale numerical models for the proposed repository at Yucca Mountain to predict repository performance during thermal loading. Such coupled-processes models for the proposed repository show that TH processes would produce a vaporization barrier, which would prevent water from seeping into the drifts when the temperature near the drifts rises above boiling. THC and THM processes cause permeability changes that modify flow paths near the drifts and, in turn, seepage of water into drifts. The impact of thermally driven coupled processes is largest near the drifts, where the increase in temperature is the greatest. Further away (tens of meters) from the drifts, the impact of THCM processes on radionuclide transport is insignificant. The detailed THCM studies at Yucca Mountain indicate that, overall, the effects of heating due to radioactive decay would not degrade the long-term ability of the proposed repository to isolate waste. On the contrary, the THCM coupled processes lead to more diversion of water around and less seepage into the waste-emplacement drifts than that at ambient conditions, thus making Yucca Mountain a more effective natural barrier to potential release of radionuclides to the biosphere. JF - Memoir - Geological Society of America AU - Tsang, Yvonne Y1 - 2012/10// PY - 2012 DA - October 2012 SP - 363 EP - 393 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 209 SN - 0072-1069, 0072-1069 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - waste disposal sites KW - thermal history KW - simulation KW - stable isotopes KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - carbon KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - processes KW - high-level waste KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - effects KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Nye County Nevada KW - measurement KW - models KW - boreholes KW - saturation KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151912880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Memoir+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effects+of+coupled+processes+on+a+proposed+high-level+radioactive+waste+repository+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Yvonne&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Yvonne&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.volume=209&rft.issue=&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=9780813712093&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Memoir+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00721069&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2F2012.1209%2807%29 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag., sects., strat. col., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - CODEN - GSAMAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; C-13/C-12; carbon; D/H; effects; high-level waste; hydrogen; isotope ratios; isotopes; measurement; models; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; O-18/O-16; oxygen; processes; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; saturation; simulation; stable isotopes; thermal history; transport; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2012.1209(07) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Color changes in modern and fossil teeth induced by synchrotron microtomography AN - 1114289039; 4352231 AB - Studies using synchrotron microtomography have shown that this radiographic imaging technique provides highly informative microanatomical data from modern and fossil bones and teeth without the need for physical sectioning. The method is considered to be nondestructive; however, researchers using the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility have reported that color changes sometimes occur in teeth during submicron scanning. Using the Advanced Light Source, we tested for color changes during micron-level scanning and for postexposure effects of ultraviolet light. We exposed a 2.0-mm wide strip (band) to synchrotron light in 32 specimens, using multiple energy levels and scan durations. The sample included modern and fossilized teeth and bone. After scanning, the specimens were exposed to fluorescent and direct ultraviolet light. All teeth showed color changes caused by exposure to synchrotron radiation. The resulting color bands varied in intensity but were present even at the lowest energy and shortest duration of exposure. Color bands faded during subsequent exposure to fluorescent and ultraviolet light, but even after extensive ultraviolet exposure, 67% (8/12) of UV-exposed teeth retained some degree of induced color. We found that the hydroxyapatite crystals, rather than the organic component, are the targets of change, and that diagenesis appears to impact color retention. Color changes have significance beyond aesthetics. They are visible indicators of ionization (chemical change) and, therefore, of potential physical damage. It is important for researchers to recognize that synchrotron microtomography may damage specimens, but adopting suitable safeguards and procedures may moderate or eliminate this damage. Am J Phys Anthropol 149:172-180, 2012. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Copyright John Wiley & Sons. Reproduced with permission. An electronic version of this article is available online at http://www.interscience.wiley.com JF - American journal of physical anthropology AU - Richards, Gary D AU - Jabbour, Rebecca S AU - Horton, Caroline F AU - Ibarra, Caitlin L AU - Macdowell, Alastair A AD - University of the Pacific ; Saint Mary's College of California ; University of California, San Diego ; California State University ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/10// PY - 2012 DA - Oct 2012 SP - 172 EP - 180 VL - 149 IS - 2 SN - 0002-9483, 0002-9483 KW - Anthropology KW - Teeth KW - Colour KW - Physical anthropology KW - Radiation KW - Fossils KW - Aesthetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1114289039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+physical+anthropology&rft.atitle=Color+changes+in+modern+and+fossil+teeth+induced+by+synchrotron+microtomography&rft.au=Richards%2C+Gary+D%3BJabbour%2C+Rebecca+S%3BHorton%2C+Caroline+F%3BIbarra%2C+Caitlin+L%3BMacdowell%2C+Alastair+A&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+physical+anthropology&rft.issn=00029483&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajpa.22103 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5258 5476 8573 11325; 12637 1678; 9507 1077; 10576; 2509 13338 3198; 615 9486 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22103 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution-level electricity reliability: temporal trends using statistical analysis AN - 1112141448; 4349124 AB - This paper helps to address the lack of comprehensive, national-scale information on the reliability of the U.S. electric power system by assessing trends in U.S. electricity reliability based on the information reported by the electric utilities on power interruptions experienced by their customers. The research analyzes up to 10 years of electricity reliability information collected from 155 U.S. electric utilities, which together account for roughly 50% of total U.S. electricity sales. We find that reported annual average duration and annual average frequency of power interruptions have been increasing over time at a rate of approximately 2% annually. We find that, independent of this trend, installation or upgrade of an automated outage management system is correlated with an increase in the reported annual average duration of power interruptions. We also find that reliance on IEEE Standard 1366-2003 is correlated with higher reported reliability compared to reported reliability not using the IEEE standard. However, we caution that we cannot attribute reliance on the IEEE standard as having caused or led to higher reported reliability because we could not separate the effect of reliance on the IEEE standard from other utility-specific factors that may be correlated with reliance on the IEEE standard. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Eto, J H AU - LaCommare, K H AU - Larsen, P AU - Todd, A AU - Fisher, E AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/10// PY - 2012 DA - Oct 2012 SP - 243 EP - 252 VL - 49 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Political Science KW - Sales KW - Customers KW - Electric power KW - Statistical analysis KW - Frequency KW - U.S.A. KW - Utilities KW - Professional organizations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1112141448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Distribution-level+electricity+reliability%3A+temporal+trends+using+statistical+analysis&rft.au=Eto%2C+J+H%3BLaCommare%2C+K+H%3BLarsen%2C+P%3BTodd%2C+A%3BFisher%2C+E&rft.aulast=Eto&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2012.06.001 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4155 4163 4246; 3236 3874 556; 5313 3641 12233; 12224 971; 11239; 10297 9030; 13217 10484; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.06.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A method to compare simulated and measured data to assess building energy performance AN - 1020844897; 16793357 AB - Building energy performance is often inadequate given design goals. While different types of assessment methods exist, they either do not consider design goals and/or are not general enough to integrate new and innovative energy concepts. Furthermore, existing assessment methods focus mostly on the building and system level while ignoring more detailed data. With the availability and affordability of more detailed measured data, the increased number of measured data points requires a structure to organize these data. This paper presents the Energy Performance Comparison Methodology (EPCM), which enables the identification of performance problems based on a comparison of measured data and simulated data representing design goals. The EPCM is based on an interlinked building object hierarchy that structures the detailed performance data from a spatial and mechanical perspective. This research is developed and tested on multiple case studies that provide real-life context and more generality compared to single case studies. JF - Building and Environment AU - Maile, Tobias AU - Bazjanac, Vladimir AU - Fischer, Martin AD - Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, USA, tmaile@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/10// PY - 2012 DA - Oct 2012 SP - 241 EP - 251 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 56 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Building performance simulation KW - Simulated data KW - Measured data KW - Performance comparison KW - Building performance KW - Performance assessment KW - Case studies KW - Innovations KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020844897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=A+method+to+compare+simulated+and+measured+data+to+assess+building+energy+performance&rft.au=Maile%2C+Tobias%3BBazjanac%2C+Vladimir%3BFischer%2C+Martin&rft.aulast=Maile&rft.aufirst=Tobias&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2012.03.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Case studies; Innovations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.03.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alaskan soil carbon stocks: spatial variability and dependence on environmental factors AN - 1113220739; 17256562 AB - The direction and magnitude of soil organic carbon (SOC) changes in response to climate change depend on the spatial and vertical distributions of SOC. We estimated spatially resolved SOC stocks from surface to C horizon, distinguishing active-layer and permafrost-layer stocks, based on geospatial analysis of 472 soil profiles and spatially referenced environmental variables for Alaska. Total Alaska state-wide SOC stock was estimated to be 77 Pg, with 61% in the active-layer, 27% in permafrost, and 12% in non-permafrost soils. Prediction accuracy was highest for the active-layer as demonstrated by highest ratio of performance to deviation (1.5). Large spatial variability was predicted, with whole-profile, active-layer, and permafrost-layer stocks ranging from 1-296 kg C m super(-2), 2-166 kg m super(-2), and 0-232 kg m super(-2), respectively. Temperature and soil wetness were found to be primary controllers of whole-profile, active-layer, and permafrost-layer SOC stocks. Secondary controllers, in order of importance, were found to be land cover type, topographic attributes, and bedrock geology. The observed importance of soil wetness rather than precipitation on SOC stocks implies that the poor representation of high-latitude soil wetness in Earth system models may lead to large uncertainty in predicted SOC stocks under future climate change scenarios. Under strict caveats described in the text and assuming temperature changes from the A1B Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emissions scenario, our geospatial model indicates that the equilibrium average 2100 Alaska active-layer depth could deepen by 11 cm, resulting in a thawing of 13 Pg C currently in permafrost. The equilibrium SOC loss associated with this warming would be highest under continuous permafrost (31%), followed by discontinuous (28%), isolated (24.3%), and sporadic (23.6%) permafrost areas. Our high-resolution mapping of soil carbon stock reveals the potential vulnerability of high-latitude soil carbon and can be used as a basis for future studies of anthropogenic and climatic perturbations. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Mishra, U AU - Riley, W J AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, 50A4037 Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2012/09/20/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Sep 20 SP - 3637 EP - 3645 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 9 IS - 9 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Variability KW - Rainfall KW - Ecological distribution KW - Climatic changes KW - Climate change KW - Organic carbon KW - Soil temperature KW - Permafrost KW - Environmental factors KW - Models KW - Thawing KW - Soil KW - Spatial variations KW - Carbon KW - Soil profiles KW - Emissions KW - Geology KW - Mapping KW - Vulnerability KW - USA, Alaska KW - Temperature effects KW - Vertical distribution KW - Temperature KW - Soils (organic) KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q1 08626:Food technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1113220739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Alaskan+soil+carbon+stocks%3A+spatial+variability+and+dependence+on+environmental+factors&rft.au=Mishra%2C+U%3BRiley%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Mishra&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2012-09-20&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3637&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-9-3637-2012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Spatial variations; Ecological distribution; Organic carbon; Climate change; Permafrost; Vulnerability; Environmental factors; Thawing; Vertical distribution; Climatic changes; Soil temperature; Soils (organic); Precipitation; Models; Carbon; Soil profiles; Geology; Mapping; Prediction; Soil; Rainfall; Emissions; Temperature; Variability; Model Studies; USA, Alaska DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3637-2012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discriminating Chemical Bonds AN - 1808102719; 20372244 AB - Recently developed operation modes for the atomic force microscope (AFM)-in particular, frequency modulation AFM (FM-AFM) (1)-have made it possible to image, manipulate (2), and chemically identify (3) both conducting and insulating surfaces (4) with atomic-scale resolution. On page 1326 of this issue, Gross et al. (5) push the limits of the imaging capabilities of AFM still further by using a functionalized tip-a metal tip with a carbon monoxide (CO) molecule at the apex-to map the subtle differences in charge density and bond length associated with nonequivalent C-C bonds in three complex molecular systems, and to correlate them with their bond order. The ability to determine fundamental properties of individual chemical bonds could affect many technologically relevant fields such as catalysis, photovoltaics, and molecular electronics. JF - Science AU - Perez, Ruben AD - Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2012/09/14/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Sep 14 SP - 1305 EP - 1306 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 United States VL - 337 IS - 6100 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Aluminium Industry Abstracts (AI) KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Bonding KW - Atomic force microscopy KW - Aluminum KW - Chemical bonds KW - Correlation KW - Imaging KW - Atomic force microscopes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808102719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Discriminating+Chemical+Bonds&rft.au=Perez%2C+Ruben&rft.aulast=Perez&rft.aufirst=Ruben&rft.date=2012-09-14&rft.volume=337&rft.issue=6100&rft.spage=1305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1227726 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1227726 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advantage of Distance- versus Time-Based Estimates of Walking in Predicting Adiposity AN - 1654679727; PQ0001039640 AB - Physical activity recommendations are defined in terms of time spent being physically active (e.g., 30 min of brisk walking, 5 d times wk super(-1)). Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to relate exercise dose to body mass index (BMI), body circumferences, and obesity in a cross-sectional sample of 12,384 female and 3434 male walkers who reported both usual distance walked and time spent walking per week on survey questionnaires. Metabolic equivalent hours per day (MET times h times d super(-1), 1 MET = 3.5 mL O sub(2)-kg super(-1) times mi n super(-1)) were calculated from the time and pace, or distance and pace, using published compendium values. Average MET-hours per day walked was 37% greater when calculated from time spent walking versus usual distance in women and was 32% greater in men. Distance walked may provide a better metric of walking volume for epidemiologic obesity research, and better public health targets for weight control, than walking duration. JF - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise AU - Williams, Paul T AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Donner 464, 1 Cycloton Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, ptwilliams@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - Sep 2012 SP - 1726 EP - 1737 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street Philadelphia PA 19106-3621 United States VL - 44 IS - 9 SN - 0195-9131, 0195-9131 KW - Physical Education Index KW - OBESITY KW - ENERGY KW - PHYSICAL ACTIVITY KW - EXERCISE VOLUME KW - GUIDELINES KW - Obesity KW - Pace KW - Weight control KW - Body mass KW - Walking KW - Sport science KW - Surveys KW - Exercise KW - Public health KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1654679727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.atitle=Advantage+of+Distance-+versus+Time-Based+Estimates+of+Walking+in+Predicting+Adiposity&rft.au=Williams%2C+Paul+T&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1726&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.issn=01959131&rft_id=info:doi/10.1249%2FMSS.0b013e318258af3f LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Obesity; Pace; Weight control; Body mass; Surveys; Sport science; Walking; Exercise; Public health DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318258af3f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thickness measurements of nanoscale brine films on silica surfaces under geologic CO sub(2)sequestration conditions using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence AN - 1566849484; 20688635 AB - In reservoirs used for geologic CO sub(2) sequestration, brine films remaining on mineral surfaces can influence flow, diffusion, and reactions. We have investigated how the capillary (disjoining) potential influences the thickness of a KCsI sub(2) brine film on both smooth and rough SiO sub(2) surfaces [root mean square roughness (Rrms), 1.6 and 330 nm, respectively], under confinement with supercritical (sc) CO sub(2). The thicknesses of brine films coating interior surfaces of SiO sub(2)windows in a high-pressure cell were determined through synchrotron X-ray fluorescence of two tracer ions (I super(-) and Cs super(+)) at 7.8 MPa and 40 degree C (representative of conditions at about 0.78 km below the land surface), with scCO sub(2)as the immiscible confining fluid. The measured area-averaged film thicknesses on the 330 nm Rrms silica surface ranged from 265 to 249 nm for capillary potentials measured within a narrow range from 0.18 to 3.7 kPa. Over this same range of potentials, film thicknesses measured on the smooth (1.6 nm Rrms) silica surface were about 2 nm, although equilibrium does not appear to have been achieved. The measured average brine film thicknesses were strongly controlled by surface roughness, with very weak variation in response to the fairly narrow range of tested capillary potentials. Key Points * The experimental approach to measuring the brine film with SXRF method * The measurement of brine film thickness for both smooth and rough surface * The comparison between experimental results and DLVO theory for brine film JF - Water Resources Research AU - Kim, Tae Wook AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Shuman, Derek B AU - Sutton, Stephen R AU - Newville, Matt AU - Lanzirotti, Antonio AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,Berkeley, California,USA., twkim@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - Sep 2012 SP - [np] PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 48 IS - 9 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - CO sub(2) sequestration KW - brine film KW - capillary pressure KW - roughness KW - synchrotron X-rays KW - Water reservoirs KW - Roots KW - Water resources KW - Tracers KW - Salinity effects KW - X-ray Fluorescence KW - Reservoirs KW - Films KW - Fluorescence KW - Silica KW - Surface roughness KW - Water resources research KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Coatings KW - Brines KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566849484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Thickness+measurements+of+nanoscale+brine+films+on+silica+surfaces+under+geologic+CO+sub%282%29sequestration+conditions+using+synchrotron+X-ray+fluorescence&rft.au=Kim%2C+Tae+Wook%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BShuman%2C+Derek+B%3BSutton%2C+Stephen+R%3BNewville%2C+Matt%3BLanzirotti%2C+Antonio&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Tae&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2012WR012200 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tracers; Fluorescence; Silica; Water reservoirs; Surface roughness; Salinity effects; Water resources; Carbon dioxide; Brines; Water resources research; Reservoirs; Roots; X-ray Fluorescence; Coatings; Carbon Dioxide; Films DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012WR012200 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiphysics processes in partially saturated fractured rock: Experiments and models from Yucca Mountain AN - 1540235047; 20131008 AB - The site investigations at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, have provided us with an outstanding data set, one that has significantly advanced our knowledge of multiphysics processes in partially saturated fractured geological media. Such advancement was made possible, foremost, by substantial investments in multiyear field experiments that enabled the study of thermally driven multiphysics and testing of numerical models at a large spatial scale. The development of coupled-process models within the project have resulted in a number of new, advanced multiphysics numerical models that are today applied over a wide range of geoscientific research and geoengineering applications. Using such models, the potential impact of thermal-hydrological-mechanical (THM) multiphysics processes over the long-term (e.g., 10,000 years) could be predicted and bounded with some degree of confidence. The fact that the rock mass at Yucca Mountain is intensively fractured enabled continuum models to be used, although discontinuum models were also applied and are better suited for analyzing some issues, especially those related to predictions of rockfall within open excavations. The work showed that in situ tests (rather than small-scale laboratory experiments alone) are essential for determining appropriate input parameters for multiphysics models of fractured rocks, especially related to parameters defining how permeability might evolve under changing stress and temperature. A significant laboratory test program at Yucca Mountain also made important contributions to the field of rock mechanics, showing a unique relation between porosity and mechanical properties, a time dependency of strength that is significant for long-term excavation stability, a decreasing rock strength with sample size using very large core experiments, and a strong temperature dependency of the thermal expansion coefficient for temperatures up to 200 degree C. The analysis of in situ heater experiments showed that fracture closure/opening caused by changes in normal stress across fractures was the dominant mechanism for thermally induced changes in intrinsic fracture permeability during rock mass heating/cooling and that fracture shear dilation appears to be less significant. Significant effort was devoted to predicting the long-term stability of underground excavations under (mechanical) strength degradation and seismic loading, perhaps one of the most challenging tasks within the project. We note that such long-term strength degradation is actually an example of a chemically mediated process governed by underlying (microscopic) stress corrosion and chemical diffusion processes. In the Yucca Mountain Project, such chemically mediated mechanical changes were considered implicitly through model calibrations against laboratory and in situ heater experiments at temperatures anticipated to be experienced by the rock. A possible future research direction would be to simulate such processes mechanistically in a complete coupled THMC framework where C denotes chemical processes. Key Points * Yucca Mountain provides outstanding data set on unsaturated rock multiphysics * Multiyear field experiments of coupled processes at large scale * Model calibration against large-scale field tests enabled long-term prediction JF - Reviews of Geophysics AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA., jrutqvist@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - [np] PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 8755-1209, 8755-1209 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Yucca Mountain KW - coupled THM processes KW - fractured rock KW - geomechanics KW - modeling KW - partially saturated KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - USA, Nevada KW - Field Tests KW - Models KW - Mountains KW - Permeability KW - Numerical models KW - Calibrations KW - Diffusion KW - Geophysics KW - Laboratory experiments KW - Modelling KW - Mechanical properties KW - Temperature effects KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Diffusion processes KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Stress corrosion KW - Porosity KW - Temperature KW - Fractures KW - Stress KW - Strength KW - Rocks KW - Excavation KW - Corrosion KW - Q2 09102:Institutes and organizations KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing KW - SW 6050:Rock mechanics and geology KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540235047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Multiphysics+processes+in+partially+saturated+fractured+rock%3A+Experiments+and+models+from+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=Jonny&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+Geophysics&rft.issn=87551209&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2012RG000391 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Permeability; Mathematical models; Stress corrosion; Porosity; Fractures; Geophysics; Mechanical properties; Modelling; Mountains; Data processing; Corrosion; Stress; Diffusion; Models; Diffusion processes; Numerical models; Laboratory experiments; Geologic Fractures; Strength; Calibrations; Rocks; Excavation; Temperature; Field Tests; USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt.; USA, Nevada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012RG000391 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tc(VII) reduction kinetics by titanomagnetite (Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) ) nanoparticles AN - 1282822760; 2013-013404 AB - Technetium contamination remains a major environmental problem at nuclear reprocessing sites, such as at the Hanford nuclear reservation, Washington, USA. Here we investigate the heterogeneous reduction of the highly soluble pertechnetate anion [Tc(VII)O (sub 4) (super -) ] to sparingly soluble Tc(IV)-bearing solids by a novel and well-characterized set of mixed-valent titanium-doped magnetite nanoparticles, structurally and chemically analogous to titanomagnetites naturally present in Hanford sediments. Titanomagnetite (Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) ) nanoparticles (10-12 nm) with varying Ti content (0=80 mW m (super -2) ) for most of the area, which is in accordance to measured surface heat flow. Temperature on top of the Rotliegend reservoir is variable ranging from 110 to 150 degrees C. The quantification of temperature changes versus depth as well as laterally in the reservoir are valuable input data for modelling the dynamic processes of CO (sub 2) injection within CLEAN. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Norden, Ben AU - Foerster, Andrea AU - Behrends, Knut AU - Krause, Katja AU - Stecken, Lutz AU - Meyer, Robert Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 511 EP - 526 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - Altmark Field KW - Europe KW - Altensalzwedel Germany KW - oil and gas fields KW - Saxony-Anhalt Germany KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - Rotliegendes KW - Central Europe KW - overburden KW - well logs KW - three-dimensional models KW - Paleozoic KW - thermal properties KW - injection KW - pollution KW - Permian KW - models KW - Upper Permian KW - Zechstein KW - cap rocks KW - reservoir properties KW - greenhouse gases KW - Germany KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - North German Basin KW - CLEAN Project KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244690751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Geological+3-D+model+of+the+larger+Altensalzwedel+area%2C+Germany%2C+for+temperature+prognosis+and+reservoir+simulation&rft.au=Norden%2C+Ben%3BFoerster%2C+Andrea%3BBehrends%2C+Knut%3BKrause%2C+Katja%3BStecken%2C+Lutz%3BMeyer%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Norden&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-012-1709-9 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col., sect., 7 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Altensalzwedel Germany; Altmark Field; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; Central Europe; CLEAN Project; Europe; Germany; greenhouse gases; injection; models; North German Basin; oil and gas fields; overburden; Paleozoic; permeability; Permian; pollution; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; Rotliegendes; Saxony-Anhalt Germany; thermal properties; three-dimensional models; underground disposal; Upper Permian; well logs; Zechstein DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1709-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical analysis of thermal effects during carbon dioxide injection with enhanced gas recovery; a theoretical case study for the Altmark gas field AN - 1244690721; 2013-007515 AB - Prediction about reservoir temperature change during carbon dioxide injection requires consideration of all, often subtle, thermal effects. In particular, Joule-Thomson cooling (JTC) and the viscous heat dissipation (VHD) effect are factors that cause flowing fluid temperature to differ from the static formation temperature. In this work, warm-back behavior (thermal recovery after injection completed), as well as JTC and VHD effects, at a multi-layered depleted gas reservoir are demonstrated numerically. OpenGeoSys (OGS) is able to solve coupled partial differential equations for pressure, temperature and mole-fraction of each component of the mixture with a combination of monolithic and staggered approaches. The Galerkin finite element approach is adapted for space discretization of governing equations, whereas for temporal discretization, a generalized implicit single-step scheme is used. For numerical modeling of warm-back behavior, we chose a simplified test case of carbon dioxide injection. This test case is numerically solved by using OGS and FeFlow simulators independently. OGS differs from FeFlow in the capability of representing multi-componential effects on warm-back behavior. We verify both code results by showing the close comparison of shut-in temperature profiles along the injection well. As the JTC cooling rate is inversely proportional to the volumetric heat capacity of the solid matrix, the injection layers are cooled faster as compared to the non-injection layers. The shut-in temperature profiles are showing a significant change in reservoir temperature; hence it is important to account for thermal effects in injection monitoring. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Singh, A K AU - Baumann, G AU - Henninges, J AU - Goerke, U J AU - Kolditz, O Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 497 EP - 509 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - Galerkin method KW - natural gas KW - Altmark Field KW - coupling KW - petroleum KW - Europe KW - oil and gas fields KW - Saxony-Anhalt Germany KW - carbon dioxide KW - waste management KW - finite element analysis KW - heat flow KW - Central Europe KW - ecology KW - numerical models KW - thermal properties KW - injection KW - mathematical models KW - enhanced recovery KW - viscosity KW - multiphase flow KW - theoretical models KW - reservoir properties KW - greenhouse gases KW - Germany KW - underground disposal KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244690721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Numerical+analysis+of+thermal+effects+during+carbon+dioxide+injection+with+enhanced+gas+recovery%3B+a+theoretical+case+study+for+the+Altmark+gas+field&rft.au=Singh%2C+A+K%3BBaumann%2C+G%3BHenninges%2C+J%3BGoerke%2C+U+J%3BKolditz%2C+O&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-012-1689-9 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Altmark Field; carbon dioxide; Central Europe; coupling; ecology; enhanced recovery; Europe; finite element analysis; Galerkin method; Germany; greenhouse gases; heat flow; injection; mathematical models; multiphase flow; natural gas; numerical models; oil and gas fields; petroleum; reservoir properties; Saxony-Anhalt Germany; theoretical models; thermal properties; underground disposal; viscosity; waste management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1689-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of thermal equations of state for CO (sub 2) in numerical simulations AN - 1244690679; 2013-007514 AB - Three commonly used thermal equations of state for carbon dioxide, as well as the ideal gas law, have been compared against a large number of measurement data taken from the literature. Complex equations of state reach a higher accuracy than simple ones. The inaccuracy of the density function can cause large errors in fluid property correlations, such as heat capacity or viscosity. The influence of this inaccuracy on the results of numerical simulations have been evaluated by two examples: The first one assumes isothermal gas expansion from a volume, while the second one considers heat transport along a fracture. For both examples, different equations of state have been utilized. The simulations have been performed on the scientific software platform OpenGeoSys. The difference among the particular simulation results is significant. Apparently small errors in the density function can cause considerably different results of otherwise identical simulation setups. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Boettcher, Norbert AU - Taron, Joshua AU - Kolditz, Olaf AU - Park, Chan-Hee AU - Liedl, Rudolf Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 481 EP - 495 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - thermal properties KW - injection KW - heat capacity KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - energy balance KW - reservoir rocks KW - measurement KW - carbon dioxide KW - viscosity KW - isotherms KW - mass balance KW - greenhouse gases KW - equations of state KW - thermodynamic properties KW - underground disposal KW - CLEAN Project KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244690679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+thermal+equations+of+state+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+in+numerical+simulations&rft.au=Boettcher%2C+Norbert%3BTaron%2C+Joshua%3BKolditz%2C+Olaf%3BPark%2C+Chan-Hee%3BLiedl%2C+Rudolf&rft.aulast=Boettcher&rft.aufirst=Norbert&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-012-1704-1 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; CLEAN Project; energy balance; equations of state; fluid dynamics; gaseous phase; greenhouse gases; heat capacity; hydrology; injection; isotherms; mass balance; mathematical models; measurement; migration of elements; numerical models; reservoir rocks; simulation; thermal properties; thermodynamic properties; underground disposal; viscosity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1704-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyses of pre-injection reservoir data for stable carbon isotope trend predictions in CO (sub 2) monitoring; preparing for CO (sub 2) injection AN - 1244690648; 2013-007513 AB - Baseline monitoring at the proposed enhanced gas recovery site in Altmark (Germany) was carried out in combination with theoretical and laboratory investigations to describe and predict the principles of expected stable carbon isotope and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) trends during CO (sub 2) injection in reservoirs. This provides fundamental data for site-specific characterisation for monitoring purposes. Baseline delta (super 13) C values at the Altmark site ranged between -1.8 and -11.5 ppm and DIC values were about 2 mmol L (super -1) . These baseline values form the basis for a theoretical study on the influences of the ambient reservoir conditions on the state of geochemical and isotope equilibrium of the reservoir fluids. Transferring this theoretical study to the Altmark site enables predictions on geochemical trends during potential injection. Assuming that CO (sub 2) would be injected at the Altmark site to pCO (sub 2) = 100 bar and with a delta (super 13) C of -30 ppm, at isotopic and geochemical equilibrium, delta (super 13) C (sub DIC) values would approach this end-member, and DIC concentrations of 1,000 mmol L (super -1) would be expected. Laboratory experiments were conducted at low pCO (sub 2) levels (4-35 bars) to mimic the approach of a CO (sub 2) plume at a monitoring well. These results support field investigations from other sites: that delta (super 13) C (sub DIC) is a sensitive tool for monitoring CO (sub 2) migration in the subsurface and simultaneously allows quantification of geochemical trapping of CO (sub 2) . Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Myrttinen, A AU - Becker, V AU - Nowak, M AU - Zimmer, M AU - Pilz, P AU - Barth, J A C Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 473 EP - 479 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - alteration KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - Altmark Field KW - observation wells KW - Europe KW - preferential flow KW - stable isotopes KW - Saxony-Anhalt Germany KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - water-rock interaction KW - Central Europe KW - carbon KW - dynamic properties KW - monitoring KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - injection KW - solutes KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - enhanced recovery KW - theoretical models KW - reservoir properties KW - Germany KW - underground disposal KW - CLEAN Project KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244690648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Analyses+of+pre-injection+reservoir+data+for+stable+carbon+isotope+trend+predictions+in+CO+%28sub+2%29+monitoring%3B+preparing+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection&rft.au=Myrttinen%2C+A%3BBecker%2C+V%3BNowak%2C+M%3BZimmer%2C+M%3BPilz%2C+P%3BBarth%2C+J+A+C&rft.aulast=Myrttinen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-012-1710-3 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; Altmark Field; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; Central Europe; CLEAN Project; contaminant plumes; dynamic properties; enhanced recovery; Europe; Germany; ground water; injection; isotope ratios; isotopes; monitoring; observation wells; pollution; prediction; preferential flow; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; Saxony-Anhalt Germany; site exploration; solutes; stable isotopes; theoretical models; underground disposal; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1710-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity study of pulsed neutron-gamma saturation monitoring at the Altmark site in the context of CO (sub 2) storage AN - 1244690626; 2013-007512 AB - The injection of CO (sub 2) into depleted natural gas reservoirs has been proposed as a promising new technology for combining enhanced gas recovery and geological storage of CO (sub 2) . During the injection, application of suitable techniques for monitoring of the induced changes in the subsurface is required. Observing the movement and the changes in saturation of the fluids contained in the reservoir and the confining strata is among the primary aims here. It is shown that under conditions similar to the Altmark site, Germany, pulsed neutron-gamma logging can be applied with limitations. The pulsed neutron-gamma method can be applied for detection and quantification of changes in brine saturation and water content, whereas changes in the gas composition are below the detection limit. A method to account for the effects of salt precipitation resulting from evaporation of residual brine is presented. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Baumann, Gunther AU - Henninges, Jan Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 463 EP - 471 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - Altmark Field KW - suspended materials KW - Europe KW - oil and gas fields KW - Saxony-Anhalt Germany KW - carbon dioxide KW - waste management KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Central Europe KW - neutron-gamma methods KW - monitoring KW - gas-water interface KW - underground storage KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - enhanced recovery KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - brines KW - underground installations KW - cap rocks KW - reservoir properties KW - greenhouse gases KW - Germany KW - CLEAN Project KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244690626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+study+of+pulsed+neutron-gamma+saturation+monitoring+at+the+Altmark+site+in+the+context+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage&rft.au=Baumann%2C+Gunther%3BHenninges%2C+Jan&rft.aulast=Baumann&rft.aufirst=Gunther&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-012-1708-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Altmark Field; brines; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; Central Europe; CLEAN Project; enhanced recovery; Europe; gas-water interface; geophysical methods; Germany; greenhouse gases; injection; monitoring; neutron-gamma methods; oil and gas fields; pollution; precipitation; reservoir properties; saturation; Saxony-Anhalt Germany; sensitivity analysis; suspended materials; underground installations; underground storage; waste management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1708-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of tracer transport in the Altmark gas field AN - 1244677738; 2013-007518 AB - The paper presents a modeling strategy as well as simulation results of a designed conservative tracer test in the depleted Altensalzwedel natural gas reservoir in order to know the tracer concentration and breakthrough time at the production wells. Krypton is considered as a suitable tracer. The production wells are located in several hundred meters to a few kilometers away from the injection well. The numerical simulation has been performed by using the newly implemented compositional gas flow module of OpenGeoSys (OGS), a scientific open-source simulator for calculation of coupled geohydraulic (single and multiphase flow), transport (heat and mass transfer), geomechanical and geochemical processes. The tracer breakthrough curves at the production wells show that the breakthrough times vary between 2 and 3 years. The model verification is presented by comparing the OGS results with a one-dimensional analytical solution. The numerical results have been verified by code comparison, additionally. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Singh, A K AU - Pilz, P AU - Zimmer, M AU - Kalbacher, T AU - Goerke, U J AU - Kolditz, O Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 537 EP - 548 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - Galerkin method KW - natural gas KW - Altmark Field KW - petroleum KW - Europe KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - Altensalzwedel Germany KW - simulation KW - production KW - oil and gas fields KW - Saxony-Anhalt Germany KW - reservoir rocks KW - oil wells KW - finite element analysis KW - transport KW - Central Europe KW - tracers KW - breakthrough curves KW - diffusivity KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - Darcy's law KW - matrix KW - injection KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - models KW - saturation KW - multiphase flow KW - heat transfer KW - Germany KW - North German Basin KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244677738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+tracer+transport+in+the+Altmark+gas+field&rft.au=Singh%2C+A+K%3BPilz%2C+P%3BZimmer%2C+M%3BKalbacher%2C+T%3BGoerke%2C+U+J%3BKolditz%2C+O&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=537&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-012-1688-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Altensalzwedel Germany; Altmark Field; breakthrough curves; carbon sequestration; Central Europe; Darcy's law; diffusivity; Europe; finite element analysis; fluid dynamics; Galerkin method; gaseous phase; Germany; heat transfer; injection; mathematical models; matrix; migration of elements; models; multiphase flow; natural gas; North German Basin; numerical models; oil and gas fields; oil wells; petroleum; preferential flow; production; reservoir rocks; saturation; Saxony-Anhalt Germany; simulation; tracers; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1688-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A systematic benchmarking approach for geologic CO (sub 2) injection and storage AN - 1244673610; 2013-007524 AB - The idea of this paper is twofold. On one hand, we propose a general systematic for benchmarking of CO (sub 2) modelling. On the other hand, we integrate material from the CLEAN project into this framework to demonstrate its applicability (Kuhn et al. in Environ Earth Sci, this issue 2011). Benchmarks are an important instrument to gain a better understanding of interacting physico-chemical processes and they are a necessary tool to verify the algorithms and the software dedicated to simulate the separated and differently coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical/chemical processes during injecting and storing CO (sub 2) in the subsurface. In general we distinguish between process- and site-related test cases. Process-related benchmarks deal with the required complexity of process coupling as well as equations of state for fluids and constitutive laws for geologic formations. Site-specific benchmarks represent different geological settings for potential CO (sub 2) reservoirs, e.g., depleted gas and oil reservoirs as well as deep saline aquifers. The data basis for benchmarking mainly comes from experimental work in the CLEAN project as well as from literature. The benchmarking systematic is aimed at serving as basis for process studies, experimental design as well as for code inter-comparison purposes not only for numerical tools having used by the CLEAN partners but also for upcoming international benchmarking initiatives as well. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Kolditz, Olaf AU - Bauer, Sebastian AU - Beyer, Christof AU - Boettcher, Norbert AU - Dietrich, Peter AU - Goerke, Uwe-Jens AU - Kalbacher, Thomas AU - Park, Chan-Hee AU - Sauer, Uta AU - Schuetze, Claudia AU - Shao, Haibing AU - Singh, Ashok AU - Taron, Joshua AU - Wang, Wenqing AU - Watanabe, Norihiro Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 613 EP - 632 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - deep aquifers KW - Altmark Field KW - Europe KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - oil and gas fields KW - Saxony-Anhalt Germany KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - waste management KW - laboratory studies KW - finite element analysis KW - Central Europe KW - algorithms KW - thermodynamic properties KW - saline composition KW - experimental studies KW - two-phase models KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - injection KW - pollution KW - deformation KW - two-dimensional models KW - aquifers KW - models KW - case studies KW - saturation KW - natural analogs KW - reservoir properties KW - Germany KW - CLEAN Project KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244673610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+systematic+benchmarking+approach+for+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+and+storage&rft.au=Kolditz%2C+Olaf%3BBauer%2C+Sebastian%3BBeyer%2C+Christof%3BBoettcher%2C+Norbert%3BDietrich%2C+Peter%3BGoerke%2C+Uwe-Jens%3BKalbacher%2C+Thomas%3BPark%2C+Chan-Hee%3BSauer%2C+Uta%3BSchuetze%2C+Claudia%3BShao%2C+Haibing%3BSingh%2C+Ashok%3BTaron%2C+Joshua%3BWang%2C+Wenqing%3BWatanabe%2C+Norihiro&rft.aulast=Kolditz&rft.aufirst=Olaf&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-012-1656-5 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Altmark Field; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; case studies; Central Europe; CLEAN Project; deep aquifers; deformation; Europe; experimental studies; finite element analysis; fluid dynamics; Germany; ground water; injection; laboratory studies; models; natural analogs; numerical models; oil and gas fields; pollution; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; saline composition; saturation; Saxony-Anhalt Germany; simulation; thermodynamic properties; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models; two-phase models; waste management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1656-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A model comparison initiative for a CO (sub 2) injection field test; an introduction to Sim-SEQ AN - 1244673559; 2013-007523 AB - Because of the complex nature of subsurface flow and transport processes at geologic carbon storage (GCS) sites, modelers often need to implement a number of simplifying choices while building their conceptual models. Such simplifications may lead to a wide range in the predictions made by different modeling teams, even when they are modeling the same injection scenario at the same GCS site. Sim-SEQ is a new model comparison initiative with the objective to understand and quantify uncertainties arising from conceptual model choices. While code verification and benchmarking efforts have been undertaken in the past with regards to GCS, Sim-SEQ is different, in that it engages in model comparison in a broader and comprehensive sense, allowing modelers the choice of interpretation of site characterization data, boundary conditions, rock and fluid properties, etc., in addition to their choice of simulator. In Sim-SEQ, 15 different modeling teams, nine of which are from outside the USA, are engaged in building their own models for one specific CO (sub 2) injection field test site located in the southwestern part of Mississippi. The complex geology of the site, its location in the water leg of a CO (sub 2) -EOR field with a strong water drive, and the presence of methane in the reservoir brine make this a challenging task, requiring the modelers to make a large number of choices about how to model various processes and properties of the system. Each model team starts with the same characterization data provided to them but uses its own conceptual models and simulators to come up with model predictions, which can be iteratively refined with the observation data provided to them at later stages. Model predictions will be compared with one another and with the observation data, allowing us to understand and quantify the model uncertainties. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag and Springer-Verlag (outside the USA) JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Mukhopadhyay, Sumit AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Nicot, Jean-Philippe AU - Hosseini, Seyyed A Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 601 EP - 611 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - Cretaceous KW - sandstone KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - Adams County Mississippi KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - Cranfield Site KW - North America KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - Sim-SEQ model KW - Mississippi KW - injection KW - Franklin County Mississippi KW - pollution KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - Mesozoic KW - boundary conditions KW - aquifers KW - models KW - greenhouse gases KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244673559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+model+comparison+initiative+for+a+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+field+test%3B+an+introduction+to+Sim-SEQ&rft.au=Mukhopadhyay%2C+Sumit%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BNicot%2C+Jean-Philippe%3BHosseini%2C+Seyyed+A&rft.aulast=Mukhopadhyay&rft.aufirst=Sumit&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=601&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-012-1668-1 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Mississippi; aquifers; boundary conditions; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; contaminant plumes; Cranfield Site; Cretaceous; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; Franklin County Mississippi; greenhouse gases; ground water; Gulf Coastal Plain; injection; Mesozoic; Mississippi; models; North America; pollution; preferential flow; quantitative analysis; reservoir rocks; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; Sim-SEQ model; transport; Tuscaloosa Formation; underground disposal; United States; Upper Cretaceous; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1668-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling analysis of short-offset electric-field measurements with a vertical electric dipole source in complex offshore environments AN - 1244673195; 2013-007252 AB - We simulated and analyzed short-offset transient electric-field measurements excited by a vertical electric dipole (VED) source over complex 3D offshore models. A finite-element time-domain modeling algorithm was used to efficiently model complex offshore structures. Using a series of cross-sectional snapshots of transient electric fields in the complex offshore models, we examined the characteristics of the short-offset seafloor electric-field measurements. The numerical modeling analysis indicated that the short-offset horizontal electric-field (E (sub x) ) measurements are very sensitive to subtle multidimensional seafloor topography near a VED source and can show a sign reversal at late times. The sign reversal occurs because the VED source is no longer normal to the seafloor. The occurrence of the sign reversal limits the application of the 1D inversion to the [E (sub x) ] measurements, even at a short source-receiver offset. In contrast, the short-offset vertical electric-field (E (sub z) ]) measurements are robust to subtle seafloor topography around the source, and can be interpreted using the 1D inversion. The 1D inversion of the short-offset E (sub z) measurements over the complex 3D offshore models shows that the measurements lack the resolution of the thickness and the resistivity of a hydrocarbon reservoir and a salt dome, but can provide useful insights into their lateral extent. JF - Geophysics AU - Um, Evan Schankee AU - Alumbaugh, David L AU - Harris, Jerry M AU - Chen, Jiuping Y1 - 2012/09/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Sep 01 SP - E329 EP - E341 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - transient methods KW - petroleum exploration KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - offshore KW - numerical analysis KW - data acquisition KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - data processing KW - electrical field KW - petroleum KW - resistivity KW - reservoir rocks KW - measurement KW - marine methods KW - bottom features KW - ocean floors KW - dipole moment KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244673195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+analysis+of+short-offset+electric-field+measurements+with+a+vertical+electric+dipole+source+in+complex+offshore+environments&rft.au=Um%2C+Evan+Schankee%3BAlumbaugh%2C+David+L%3BHarris%2C+Jerry+M%3BChen%2C+Jiuping&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=E329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2011-0442.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bottom features; data acquisition; data processing; dipole moment; electrical field; electrical methods; geophysical methods; marine methods; measurement; numerical analysis; numerical models; ocean floors; offshore; petroleum; petroleum exploration; reservoir rocks; resistivity; three-dimensional models; transient methods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0442.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling CO (sub 2) -induced fluid-rock interactions in the Altensalzwedel gas reservoir; Part I, From experimental data to a reference geochemical model AN - 1244672156; 2013-007520 AB - Modelling fluid-rock interactions induced by CO (sub 2) is a key issue when evaluating the technical feasibility and long-term safety assessment of CO (sub 2) storage projects in deep formations. The German R&D programme CLEAN (CO (sub 2) Large-Scale Enhanced Gas Recovery in the Altmark Natural Gas Field) investigated the almost depleted onshore gas reservoir located in the Rotliegend sandstone at over 3,000-m depth. The high salinity of the formation fluids and the elevated temperature in the reservoir exceed the validity limits of commonly available thermodynamic databases needed for predictive geochemical modelling. In particular, it is shown that the activity model of Pitzer has to be applied, even if necessary input data for this model are incomplete or inconsistent for complex systems and for the considered temperatures. Simulations based on Debye-Huckel activity model lead to severe, systematic discrepancies already in the simple proposed reference case where experimental data could be used for comparison. A simplified geochemical model, consistent with the average measured composition of formation fluids and the prevailing mineralogical assemblage of the host rock, identifies the mineral phases most likely to be considered at equilibrium with the formation fluid. The simulated reactions due to CO (sub 2) injection, under the hypothesis of local thermodynamical equilibrium, result in a moderate reactivity of the system, with the dissolution of anhydrite cementation and haematite being the most relevant expected mineral reactions. This is compensated, at equilibrium, by the precipitation of new carbonates, like calcite and siderite, for an overall very small loss of porous space. The simulated rather small effect of mineral alteration is also due to the scarce amount of water available for reactions in the reservoir. The results of the model are qualitatively in line with observations from batch experiments and from natural analogues. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - De Lucia, Marco AU - Bauer, Sebastian AU - Beyer, Christof AU - Kuehn, Michael AU - Nowak, Thomas AU - Pudlo, Dieter AU - Reitenbach, Viktor AU - Stadler, Susanne Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 563 EP - 572 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - alteration KW - deep aquifers KW - natural gas KW - Altmark Field KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - Europe KW - Pitzer model KW - simulation KW - Saxony-Anhalt Germany KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - Rotliegendes KW - Central Europe KW - ecology KW - thermodynamic properties KW - saline composition KW - Paleozoic KW - injection KW - migration of elements KW - solubility KW - Permian KW - boundary interactions KW - aquifers KW - models KW - natural analogs KW - reservoir properties KW - greenhouse gases KW - Germany KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - CLEAN Project KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244672156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Modelling+CO+%28sub+2%29+-induced+fluid-rock+interactions+in+the+Altensalzwedel+gas+reservoir%3B+Part+I%2C+From+experimental+data+to+a+reference+geochemical+model&rft.au=De+Lucia%2C+Marco%3BBauer%2C+Sebastian%3BBeyer%2C+Christof%3BKuehn%2C+Michael%3BNowak%2C+Thomas%3BPudlo%2C+Dieter%3BReitenbach%2C+Viktor%3BStadler%2C+Susanne&rft.aulast=De+Lucia&rft.aufirst=Marco&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=563&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-012-1725-9 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; Altmark Field; aquifers; boundary interactions; carbon dioxide; Central Europe; clastic rocks; CLEAN Project; deep aquifers; ecology; Europe; fluid phase; Germany; greenhouse gases; injection; migration of elements; models; natural analogs; natural gas; Paleozoic; Permian; petroleum; Pitzer model; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; Rotliegendes; saline composition; sandstone; Saxony-Anhalt Germany; sedimentary rocks; simulation; solubility; thermodynamic properties; underground disposal; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1725-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermo-hydro-mechanical modeling of carbon dioxide injection for enhanced gas-recovery (CO (sub 2) -EGR); a benchmarking study for code comparison AN - 1244672121; 2013-007519 AB - The objective of this paper was to investigate the THM-coupled responses of the storage formation and caprock, induced by gas production, CO (sub 2) -EGR (enhanced gas recovery), and CO (sub 2) -storage. A generic 3D planer model (20,000 X 3,000 X 100 m, consisting of 1,200 m overburden, 100 m caprock, 200 m gas reservoir, and 1,500 m base rock) is adopted for the simulation process using the integrated code TOUGH2/EOS7C-FLAC3D and the multi-purpose simulator OpenGeoSys. Both simulators agree that the CO (sub 2) -EGR phase under a balanced injection rate (31,500 tons/year) will cause almost no change in the reservoir pressure. The gas recovery rate increases 1.4 % in the 5-year CO (sub 2) -EGR phase, and a better EGR effect could be achieved by increasing the distance between injection and production wells (e.g., 5.83 % for 5 km distance, instead of 1.2 km in this study). Under the considered conditions there is no evidence of plastic deformation and both reservoir and caprock behave elastically at all operation stages. The stress path could be predicted analytically and the results show that the isotropic and extensional stress regime will switch to the compressional stress regime, when the pore pressure rises to a specific level. Both simulators agree regarding modification of the reservoir stress state. With further CO (sub 2) -injection tension failure in reservoir could occur, but shear failure will never happen under these conditions. Using TOUGH-FLAC, a scenario case is also analyzed with the assumption that the reservoir is naturally fractured. The specific analysis shows that the maximal storage pressure is 13.6 MPa which is determined by the penetration criterion of the caprock. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag and The Author(s) JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Hou, Zhengmeng AU - Gou, Yang AU - Taron, Joshua AU - Gorke, Uwe Jens AU - Kolditz, Olaf Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 549 EP - 561 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - TOUGH2 KW - natural gas KW - plastic deformation KW - coupling KW - petroleum KW - simulation KW - rock mechanics KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - pore pressure KW - mass balance KW - thermodynamic properties KW - failures KW - carbon sequestration KW - stress KW - injection KW - enhanced recovery KW - equations KW - deformation KW - models KW - computer programs KW - cap rocks KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244672121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Thermo-hydro-mechanical+modeling+of+carbon+dioxide+injection+for+enhanced+gas-recovery+%28CO+%28sub+2%29+-EGR%29%3B+a+benchmarking+study+for+code+comparison&rft.au=Hou%2C+Zhengmeng%3BGou%2C+Yang%3BTaron%2C+Joshua%3BGorke%2C+Uwe+Jens%3BKolditz%2C+Olaf&rft.aulast=Hou&rft.aufirst=Zhengmeng&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-012-1703-2 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; computer programs; coupling; deformation; enhanced recovery; equations; failures; injection; mass balance; models; natural gas; petroleum; plastic deformation; pore pressure; reservoir rocks; rock mechanics; simulation; stress; thermodynamic properties; TOUGH2; underground disposal; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1703-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic rupture and ground accelerations induced by CO (sub 2) injection in the shallow crust AN - 1112669364; 2012-092009 AB - Because of the critically stressed nature of the upper crust, the injection of large volumes of carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) into shallow geological reservoirs can trigger seismicity and induce ground deformations when the injection increases the fluid pressure in the vicinity of potentially seismic faults. The increased fluid pressure reduces the strength against fault slip, allowing the stored elastic energy to be released in seismic events that can produce felt ground accelerations. Here, we seek to explore the likelihood ground motions induced by a CO (sub 2) injection using hydromechanical modelling with multiphase fluid flow and dynamic rupture, including fault-frictional weakening. We extend the previous work of Cappa and Rutqvist, in which activation of a normal fault at critical stress may be possible for fast rupture nucleating by localized increase in fluid pressure and large decrease in fault friction. In this paper, we include seismic wave propagation generated by the rupture. For our assumed system and injection rate, simulations show that after a few days of injection, a dynamic fault rupture of few centimetres nucleates at the base of the CO (sub 2) reservoir and grows bilaterally, both toward the top of the reservoir and outside. The rupture is asymmetric and affects a larger zone below the reservoir where the rupture is self-propagating (without any further pressure increase) as a result of fault-strength weakening. The acceleration and deceleration of the rupture generate waves and result in ground accelerations ( approximately 0.1-0.6 g) consistent with observed ground motion records. The maximum ground acceleration is obtained near the fault, and horizontal accelerations are generally markedly higher than vertical accelerations. Abstract Copyright (2012), RAS. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Cappa, Frederic AU - Rutqvist, Jonny Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 1784 EP - 1789 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 190 IS - 3 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - upper crust KW - injection KW - porosity KW - rock mechanics KW - carbon dioxide KW - seismicity KW - ground motion KW - cap rocks KW - induced earthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - permeability KW - faults KW - crust KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1112669364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Seismic+rupture+and+ground+accelerations+induced+by+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+in+the+shallow+crust&rft.au=Cappa%2C+Frederic%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny&rft.aulast=Cappa&rft.aufirst=Frederic&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=190&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1784&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-246X.2012.05606.x L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-10-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cap rocks; carbon dioxide; crust; earthquakes; faults; ground motion; induced earthquakes; injection; permeability; porosity; rock mechanics; seismicity; upper crust DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05606.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metagenome, metatranscriptome and single-cell sequencing reveal microbial response to Deepwater Horizon oil spill AN - 1093453759; 17090930 AB - The Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico resulted in a deep-sea hydrocarbon plume that caused a shift in the indigenous microbial community composition with unknown ecological consequences. Early in the spill history, a bloom of uncultured, thus uncharacterized, members of the Oceanospirillales was previously detected, but their role in oil disposition was unknown. Here our aim was to determine the functional role of the Oceanospirillales and other active members of the indigenous microbial community using deep sequencing of community DNA and RNA, as well as single-cell genomics. Shotgun metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing revealed that genes for motility, chemotaxis and aliphatic hydrocarbon degradation were significantly enriched and expressed in the hydrocarbon plume samples compared with uncontaminated seawater collected from plume depth. In contrast, although genes coding for degradation of more recalcitrant compounds, such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, total xylenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, were identified in the metagenomes, they were expressed at low levels, or not at all based on analysis of the metatranscriptomes. Isolation and sequencing of two Oceanospirillales single cells revealed that both cells possessed genes coding for n-alkane and cycloalkane degradation. Specifically, the near-complete pathway for cyclohexane oxidation in the Oceanospirillales single cells was elucidated and supported by both metagenome and metatranscriptome data. The draft genome also included genes for chemotaxis, motility and nutrient acquisition strategies that were also identified in the metagenomes and metatranscriptomes. These data point towards a rapid response of members of the Oceanospirillales to aliphatic hydrocarbons in the deep sea. JF - ISME Journal AU - Mason, Olivia U AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Borglin, Sharon AU - Chain, Patrick S G AU - Dubinsky, Eric A AU - Fortney, Julian L AU - Han, James AU - Holman, Hoi-Ying N AU - Hultman, Jenni AU - Lamendella, Regina AU - Mackelprang, Rachel AU - Malfatti, Stephanie AU - Tom, Lauren M AU - Tringe, Susannah G AU - Woyke, Tanja AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Rubin, Edward M AU - Jansson, Janet K AD - 1] Ecology Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA [2] Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - Sep 2012 SP - 1715 EP - 1727 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 9 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Chemoreception Abstracts KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Data processing KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Nutrients KW - Disposition KW - N-Alkanes KW - Chemotaxis KW - Benzene KW - Community composition KW - Motility KW - RNA KW - Cyclohexane KW - Oxidation KW - DNA KW - Deep sea KW - genomics KW - Ethylbenzene KW - Plumes KW - Oil spills KW - R 18003:Chemotaxis KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1093453759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Metagenome%2C+metatranscriptome+and+single-cell+sequencing+reveal+microbial+response+to+Deepwater+Horizon+oil+spill&rft.au=Mason%2C+Olivia+U%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BBorglin%2C+Sharon%3BChain%2C+Patrick+S+G%3BDubinsky%2C+Eric+A%3BFortney%2C+Julian+L%3BHan%2C+James%3BHolman%2C+Hoi-Ying+N%3BHultman%2C+Jenni%3BLamendella%2C+Regina%3BMackelprang%2C+Rachel%3BMalfatti%2C+Stephanie%3BTom%2C+Lauren+M%3BTringe%2C+Susannah+G%3BWoyke%2C+Tanja%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BRubin%2C+Edward+M%3BJansson%2C+Janet+K&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Olivia&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2012.59 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Data processing; Hydrocarbons; Disposition; Nutrients; N-Alkanes; Chemotaxis; Benzene; Motility; Community composition; RNA; Cyclohexane; Oxidation; DNA; Deep sea; Ethylbenzene; genomics; Plumes; Oil spills DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2012.59 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source parameters of the 16 July 2010 M (sub w) 3.4 Germantown, Maryland, earthquake AN - 1080610792; 2012-086298 AB - The 16 July 2010 M 3.4 Germantown, Maryland, earthquake was the largest recorded earthquake to occur within 50 km of Washington, D.C. I estimated the source parameters of the Germantown earthquake and its M 2.1 aftershock using the empirical Green"s Function (EGF) method. I found that both earthquakes have small-radius, high-stress drops (static and dynamic) and high radiated energy, comparable to the source parameters of other Northeastern America earthquakes obtained using similar EGF methods. These results are consistent with previous observations that intraplate earthquakes have higher stress drops than plate-boundary earthquakes. Higher stress drops of intraplate earthquakes may result from longer healing times and lower strain rates characteristic of intraplate regions. I estimated the frequency-independent attenuation factor, Q, for all available source-station paths, constraining the solution with the previously estimated source parameters, and find attenuation to be low, with constant Q varying from 743 to 3000 (maximum resolvable Q), and 889 to 3000, for P and S waves, respectively, at hypocentral distances from around 100 to 200 km, and at frequencies between 1 and 40 Hz. The occurrence of high-stress-release earthquakes within regions where seismic attenuation is low makes these intraplate earthquakes potentially more damaging than their plate-boundary counterparts. JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Viegas, Gisela Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 933 EP - 944 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 83 IS - 5 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - Germantown Maryland KW - body waves KW - stress KW - Green function KW - elastic waves KW - foreshocks KW - Montgomery County Maryland KW - attenuation KW - aftershocks KW - seismicity KW - Germantown earthquake 2010 KW - seismic waves KW - Maryland KW - earthquakes KW - S-waves KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1080610792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Source+parameters+of+the+16+July+2010+M+%28sub+w%29+3.4+Germantown%2C+Maryland%2C+earthquake&rft.au=Viegas%2C+Gisela&rft.aulast=Viegas&rft.aufirst=Gisela&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=933&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0220110056 L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aftershocks; Atlantic Coastal Plain; attenuation; body waves; earthquakes; elastic waves; foreshocks; Germantown earthquake 2010; Germantown Maryland; Green function; Maryland; Montgomery County Maryland; P-waves; S-waves; seismic waves; seismicity; stress; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220110056 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical Tests of the Weak Pressure Gradient Approximation AN - 1069202356; 17155791 AB - Cloud-resolving simulations of convection over a surface temperature hot spot are used to evaluate the weak pressure gradient (WPG) and weak temperature gradient (WTG) approximations. The premise of the relaxed form of WTG-that vertical velocity is equal to buoyancy times a positive time scale-is found to be violated by thick layers of negative buoyancy in steady-state ascent. The premise of WPG-that horizontal divergence and pressure anomalies are collocated-is validated by these simulations. When implemented in a cloud-resolving model, WPG replicates buoyancy transients exceptionally well, including the adiabatic lifting of air below buoyancy anomalies. WTG captures neither this effect nor the associated triggering of moist convection. For steady states, WTG produces vertical velocity profiles that are too top heavy. On the other hand, WPG generates velocity profiles that closely match fully resolved hot-spot simulations. Taken together, the evidence suggests that WPG is a relatively accurate method for parameterizing supradomain-scale (SDS) dynamics. JF - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences AU - Romps, David M AD - Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, and Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - Sep 2012 SP - 2846 EP - 2856 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 69 IS - 9 SN - 0022-4928, 0022-4928 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Convection KW - Surface temperatures KW - Atmospheric sciences KW - Hot spots KW - Convection development KW - Pressure anomalies KW - Temperature Gradient KW - Vertical velocities KW - Buoyancy KW - Testing Procedures KW - Horizontal divergence KW - Temperature KW - Velocity KW - Temperature gradients KW - Moist convection KW - Model Studies KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Velocity profiles KW - Profiles KW - Pressure gradients KW - Lifting KW - M2 551.558:Vertical Air Motion (551.558) KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1069202356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=Numerical+Tests+of+the+Weak+Pressure+Gradient+Approximation&rft.au=Romps%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Romps&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2846&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=00224928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAS-D-11-0337.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Atmospheric sciences; Velocity profiles; Hot spots; Temperature gradients; Lifting; Pressure gradients; Clouds; Surface temperatures; Numerical simulations; Horizontal divergence; Pressure anomalies; Convection development; Vertical velocities; Moist convection; Buoyancy; Testing Procedures; Profiles; Temperature; Velocity; Temperature Gradient; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-11-0337.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deep-sea bacteria enriched by oil and dispersant from the Deepwater Horizon spill AN - 1069196630; 17142181 AB - The Deepwater Horizon oil spill resulted in a massive influx of hydrocarbons into the Gulf of Mexico (the Gulf). To better understand the fate of the oil, we enriched and isolated indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria from deep, uncontaminated waters from the Gulf with oil (Macondo MC252) and dispersant used during the spill (COREXIT 9500). During 20 days of incubation at 5 degree C, CO2 evolution, hydrocarbon concentrations and the microbial community composition were determined. Approximately 60% to 25% of the dissolved oil with or without COREXIT, respectively, was degraded, in addition to some hydrocarbons in the COREXIT. FeCl2 addition initially increased respiration rates, but not the total amount of hydrocarbons degraded. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a succession in the microbial community over time, with an increase in abundance of Colwellia and Oceanospirillales during the incubations. Flocs formed during incubations with oil and/or COREXIT in the absence of FeCl2. Synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) spectromicroscopy revealed that the flocs were comprised of oil, carbohydrates and biomass. Colwellia were the dominant bacteria in the flocs. Colwellia sp. strain RC25 was isolated from one of the enrichments and confirmed to rapidly degrade high amounts (approximately 75%) of the MC252 oil at 5 degree C. Together these data highlight several features that provide Colwellia with the capacity to degrade oil in cold, deep marine habitats, including aggregation together with oil droplets into flocs and hydrocarbon degradation ability. JF - Environmental Microbiology AU - Baelum, Jacob AU - Borglin, Sharon AU - Chakraborty, Romy AU - Fortney, Julian L AU - Lamendella, Regina AU - Mason, Olivia U AU - Auer, Manfred AU - Zemla, Marcin AU - Bill, Markus AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Malfatti, Stephanie A AU - Tringe, Susannah G AU - Holman, Hoi-Ying AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Jansson, Janet K AD - MS 70A-3317, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 1 Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 2405 EP - 2416 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 14 IS - 9 SN - 1462-2912, 1462-2912 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Biodegradation KW - Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria KW - Respiration KW - Abundance KW - Succession KW - Oil KW - Oil pollution KW - Carbohydrates KW - Colwellia KW - Oil spills KW - Data processing KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Microbial activity KW - Habitat KW - Biomass KW - Dispersants KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Community composition KW - Fourier transforms KW - Microbiology KW - Carbon dioxide KW - rRNA 16S KW - Evolution KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1069196630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Deep-sea+bacteria+enriched+by+oil+and+dispersant+from+the+Deepwater+Horizon+spill&rft.au=Baelum%2C+Jacob%3BBorglin%2C+Sharon%3BChakraborty%2C+Romy%3BFortney%2C+Julian+L%3BLamendella%2C+Regina%3BMason%2C+Olivia+U%3BAuer%2C+Manfred%3BZemla%2C+Marcin%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMalfatti%2C+Stephanie+A%3BTringe%2C+Susannah+G%3BHolman%2C+Hoi-Ying%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BJansson%2C+Janet+K&rft.aulast=Baelum&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=14622912&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1462-2920.2012.02780.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-09-01 N1 - Document feature - figure 7 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fourier transforms; Hydrocarbons; Microbiology; Oil pollution; Carbohydrates; Carbon dioxide; Dispersants; Oil spills; Biodegradation; Data processing; Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria; Respiration; Abundance; Biomass; Succession; Habitat; Community composition; rRNA 16S; Evolution; Oil; Microbial activity; Colwellia; ASW, Mexico Gulf DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02780.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating bounds and estimators for constants of random polycrystals composed of orthotropic elastic materials AN - 1038300497; 16881367 AB - While the well-known Voigt and Reuss (VR) bounds, and the Voigt-Reuss-Hill (VRH) elastic constant estimators for random polycrystals are all straightforwardly calculated once the elastic constants of anisotropic crystals are known, the Hashin-Shtrikman (HS) bounds and related self-consistent (SC) estimators for the same constants are, by comparison, more difficult to compute. Recent work has shown how to simplify (to some extent) these harder to compute HS bounds and SC estimators. An overview and analysis of a subsampling of these results is presented here with the main point being to show whether or not this extra work (i.e., in calculating both the HS bounds and the SC estimates) does provide added value since, in particular, the VRH estimators often do not fall within the HS bounds, while the SC estimators (for good reasons) have always been found to do so. The quantitative differences between the SC and the VRH estimators in the eight cases considered are often quite small however, being on the order of plus or minus 1%. These quantitative results hold true even though these polycrystal Voigt-Reuss-Hill estimators more typically (but not always) fall outside the Hashin-Shtrikman bounds, while the self-consistent estimators always fall inside (or on the boundaries of) these same bounds. JF - International Journal of Engineering Science AU - Berryman, James G AD - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90R1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, JGBerryman@LBL.GOV Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - Sep 2012 SP - 11 EP - 20 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 58 SN - 0020-7225, 0020-7225 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Elasticity KW - Polycrystals KW - Bounds and estimates KW - Boundaries KW - Crystals KW - Elastic constants KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09281:General KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1038300497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Engineering+Science&rft.atitle=Evaluating+bounds+and+estimators+for+constants+of+random+polycrystals+composed+of+orthotropic+elastic+materials&rft.au=Berryman%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Berryman&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Engineering+Science&rft.issn=00207225&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijengsci.2012.03.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Elastic constants; Boundaries; Crystals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2012.03.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of the role mass market demand response could play in contributing to the management of variable generation integration issues AN - 1037879935; 4330577 AB - The penetration of wind and solar generating resources is expected to dramatically increase in the United States over the coming years. It is widely understood that large scale deployment of these types of renewable energy sources (e.g., wind, solar) that have variable and less predictable production characteristics than traditional thermal resources poses integration challenges for bulk power system operators. At present, bulk power system operators primarily utilize strategies that rely on existing thermal generation resources and improved wind and solar energy production forecasts to manage this uncertainty; a host of additional options are also envisioned for the near future including demand response (DR). There are well-established bodies of research that examine variable generation integration issues as well as demand response potential; but, the existing literature that provides a comparative assessment of the two neither treats this topic comprehensively nor in a highly integrated fashion. Thus, this paper seeks to address these missing pieces by considering the full range of opportunities and challenges for mass market DR rates and programs to support integration of variable renewable generation. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Cappers, P AU - Mills, A AU - Goldman, C AU - Wiser, R AU - Eto, J H AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - Sep 2012 SP - 420 EP - 429 VL - 48 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Economics KW - Evaluation KW - Forecasts KW - Thermal energy KW - Integrated development KW - U.S.A. KW - Solar energy KW - Renewable energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1037879935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+the+role+mass+market+demand+response+could+play+in+contributing+to+the+management+of+variable+generation+integration+issues&rft.au=Cappers%2C+P%3BMills%2C+A%3BGoldman%2C+C%3BWiser%2C+R%3BEto%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Cappers&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=&rft.spage=420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2012.05.040 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10876 4271; 12059 4246; 12733 4246; 5163; 6598 3483; 4551; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.05.040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AN - 1542644470; 2014-047683 JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Israde-Alcantara, Isabel AU - Bischoff, James L AU - DeCarli, Paul S AU - Dominguez-Vazquez, Gabriela AU - Bunch, Ted E AU - Firestone, Richard B AU - Kennett, James P AU - West, Allen Y1 - 2012/08/21/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 21 SP - E2245 EP - E2247 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - 34 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - black mats KW - wood KW - volcanic rocks KW - impact features KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - mass spectra KW - calibration KW - cores KW - upper Pleistocene KW - fires KW - Cenozoic KW - accelerator mass spectra KW - upper Weichselian KW - radioactive isotopes KW - fungi KW - Weichselian KW - carbon KW - diamond KW - central Mexico KW - sediments KW - absolute age KW - spectra KW - Younger Dryas KW - geochemistry KW - spherules KW - water KW - nanodiamond KW - Quaternary KW - lonsdaleite KW - native elements KW - impacts KW - hydrochemistry KW - depth KW - airbursts KW - pyroclastics KW - graphite KW - Mexico KW - lacustrine environment KW - Pleistocene KW - Lake Cuitzeo KW - C-14 KW - SEM data KW - Michoacan Mexico KW - lake sediments KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542644470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.au=Israde-Alcantara%2C+Isabel%3BBischoff%2C+James+L%3BDeCarli%2C+Paul+S%3BDominguez-Vazquez%2C+Gabriela%3BBunch%2C+Ted+E%3BFirestone%2C+Richard+B%3BKennett%2C+James+P%3BWest%2C+Allen&rft.aulast=Israde-Alcantara&rft.aufirst=Isabel&rft.date=2012-08-21&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=34&rft.spage=E2245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1209463109 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/content/by/year LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to discussions see Blaauw, M., et al.; Boslough, M.; Daulton, T. L.; Gill, J. L., et. al.; and Hardiman, M., et. al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 109, No. 34, p. E2240-E2244, 2012; for reference to original see Israde-Alcantara, I., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 109, No. 13, p. E738-E747, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1110614109, 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - PNASA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; accelerator mass spectra; airbursts; black mats; C-14; calibration; carbon; Cenozoic; central Mexico; cores; depth; diamond; fires; fungi; geochemistry; graphite; hydrochemistry; igneous rocks; impact features; impacts; isotopes; lacustrine environment; Lake Cuitzeo; lake sediments; lonsdaleite; mass spectra; Mexico; Michoacan Mexico; nanodiamond; native elements; Pleistocene; pyroclastics; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; sediments; SEM data; spectra; spherules; upper Pleistocene; upper Weichselian; volcanic rocks; water; Weichselian; wood; Younger Dryas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1209463109 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soft X-ray characterization of Zn(1-x)Sn(x)O(y) electronic structure for thin film photovoltaics. AN - 1023534222; 22722780 AB - Zinc tin oxide (Zn(1-x)Sn(x)O(y)) has been proposed as an alternative buffer layer material to the toxic, and light narrow-bandgap CdS layer in CuIn(1-x),Ga(x)Se(2) thin film solar cell modules. In this present study, synchrotron-based soft X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies have been employed to probe the densities of states of intrinsic ZnO, Zn(1-x)Sn(x)O(y) and SnO(x) thin films grown by atomic layer deposition. A distinct variation in the bandgap is observed with increasing Sn concentration, which has been confirmed independently by combined ellipsometry-reflectometry measurements. These data correlate directly to the open circuit potentials of corresponding solar cells, indicating that the buffer layer composition is associated with a modification of the band discontinuity at the CIGS interface. Resonantly excited emission spectra, which express the admixture of unoccupied O 2p with Zn 3d, 4s, and 4p states, reveal a strong suppression in the hybridization between the O 2p conduction band and the Zn 3d valence band with increasing Sn concentration. JF - Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP AU - Kapilashrami, Mukes AU - Kronawitter, Coleman X AU - Törndahl, Tobias AU - Lindahl, Johan AU - Hultqvist, Adam AU - Wang, Wei-Cheng AU - Chang, Ching-Lin AU - Mao, Samuel S AU - Guo, Jinghua AD - Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2012/08/07/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 07 SP - 10154 EP - 10159 VL - 14 IS - 29 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1023534222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.atitle=Soft+X-ray+characterization+of+Zn%281-x%29Sn%28x%29O%28y%29+electronic+structure+for+thin+film+photovoltaics.&rft.au=Kapilashrami%2C+Mukes%3BKronawitter%2C+Coleman+X%3BT%C3%B6rndahl%2C+Tobias%3BLindahl%2C+Johan%3BHultqvist%2C+Adam%3BWang%2C+Wei-Cheng%3BChang%2C+Ching-Lin%3BMao%2C+Samuel+S%3BGuo%2C+Jinghua&rft.aulast=Kapilashrami&rft.aufirst=Mukes&rft.date=2012-08-07&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=29&rft.spage=10154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.issn=1463-9084&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2cp41394a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-01-18 N1 - Date created - 2012-07-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2cp41394a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial engineering for the production of advanced biofuels AN - 1434025921; 18476763 AB - Advanced biofuels produced by microorganisms have similar properties to petroleum-based fuels, and can 'drop in' to the existing transportation infrastructure. However, producing these biofuels in yields high enough to be useful requires the engineering of the microorganism's metabolism. Such engineering is not based on just one specific feedstock or host organism. Data-driven and synthetic-biology approaches can be used to optimize both the host and pathways to maximize fuel production. Despite some success, challenges still need to be met to move advanced biofuels towards commercialization, and to compete with more conventional fuels. JF - Nature AU - Peralta-Yahya, Pamela P AU - Zhang, Fuzhong AU - del Cardayre, Stephen B AU - Keasling, Jay D AD - 1] Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, California 94608, USA. [2] QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 PY - 2012 SP - 320 EP - 328 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 488 IS - 7411 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Infrastructure KW - Fuel technology KW - Transportation KW - Fuels KW - Microorganisms KW - Biofuels KW - Metabolism KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - W 30940:Products KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434025921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Microbial+engineering+for+the+production+of+advanced+biofuels&rft.au=Peralta-Yahya%2C+Pamela+P%3BZhang%2C+Fuzhong%3Bdel+Cardayre%2C+Stephen+B%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Peralta-Yahya&rft.aufirst=Pamela&rft.date=2012-08-06&rft.volume=488&rft.issue=7411&rft.spage=320&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature11478 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuels; Microorganisms; Metabolism; Biofuels; Infrastructure; Fuel technology; Transportation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature11478 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Steady-state dissolution kinetics of mineral ferric phosphate in the presence of desferrioxamine-B and oxalate ligands at pH=4-6 and T=24+ or -0.6 degrees C AN - 1033534034; 2012-075141 AB - Ferric phosphate (FePO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O) is one of the most common secondary phosphate minerals in the environment. Nevertheless, few studies address the biological dissolution mechanism(s) of FePO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O. This paper reports steady-state dissolution rates of synthetic FePO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O at 4500 h). Typical effluent-flow rate was maintained at 0.10+ or -0.01 mL min (super -1) . The measured dissolution rate of FePO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O by DFO-B and Ox, R (sub DFO-Ox) (super Obs) , was compared to the sum of dissolution rates by DFO-B (R (sub DFO-B) ) or Ox (R (sub Ox) ), R (sub DFO-Ox) (super Sum) (R (sub DFO-Ox) (super Sum) =R (sub DFO-B) +R (sub Ox) ). Results were analyzed using the t student test. Obtained data values with p< or =0.05 ( (super I) ) and < or =0.01 ( (super II) ) were considered to differ statistically from control experiments. Dissolution rates by DFO-B (R (sub DFO-B) ) increased with [DFOB] (sub 0) , and no evidence of surface masking became apparent. By contrast, dissolution rates by Ox (R (sub Ox) ) varied with [Ox] (sub 0) and pH (sub 0) . The kinetics of dissolution by Ox was not explained by a first-order mineral dissolution behavior. Dissolution rates by DFO-B and Ox (R (sub DFO-Ox) (super Obs) ) surpassed R (sub DFO-B) or R (sub Ox) , and increased with proton activity. Reacting FePO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O with DFO-B and high amounts of Ox resulted in higher values for R (sub DFO-Ox) (super Obs) relative to R (sub DFO-B) . Observed (R (sub DFO-Ox) (super Obs) ) to calculated (R (sub DFO-Ox) (super Sum) =R (sub DFO-B) +R (sub Ox) ) ratio was found to be highest at [DFOB] (sub 0) =50mu M and [Ox] (sub 0) =49mu M. Increases in the proton activity favors the dissolution of FePO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O by DFO-B and Ox, explained because the sequestration of Fe(III) at the surface vicinity in the form of adsorbed Fe(III)-oxalate complexes. A direct comparison between the dissolution behavior of FePO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O by DFO-B and Ox against those for goethite (alpha -FeOOH) and Al goethite (AlFeOOH) was conducted. The dissolution behavior was found to be a function of the mineral structure. R (sub DFO-B) values for FePO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O by 22.5mu M DFO-B surpassed those for alpha -FeOOH or alpha -AlFeOOH by 20mu M DFO-B, namely, 37, and 11.6 and 3-5mu molkg (super -1) h (super -1) , respectively. R (sub Ox) values for FePO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O by 49mM Ox surpassed that for alpha -FeOOH by 70mu M Ox or alpha -AlFeOOH by 50mu M Ox, namely, i.e., 12, and 0.7 and 0.1mu molkg (super -1) h (super -1) . The latter results agree with the idea of the inhibition of Fe release in goethite because its sequestration in the form of adsorbed Fe(III) oxalate complexes. In contrast, a different scenario holds true for dissolution by 50mu M DFO-B and 49mu M Ox. The dissolution rates for FePO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O, alpha -FeOOH, and alpha -AlFeOOH correspond to 50, and 39-42 and 71-129mu molkg (super -1) h (super -1) , respectively. The high extent of iron release from Al goethite is best explained because high-energy surface sites formed after Al substitution in goethite. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Cervini-Silva, Javiera AU - Kearns, Josh AU - Banfield, Jillian Y1 - 2012/08/06/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 06 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 320-321 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - mass spectra KW - oxalates KW - iron KW - temperature KW - ferric iron KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - synthetic materials KW - pH KW - experimental studies KW - biochemistry KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - phosphates KW - solubility KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - steady-state processes KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1033534034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Steady-state+dissolution+kinetics+of+mineral+ferric+phosphate+in+the+presence+of+desferrioxamine-B+and+oxalate+ligands+at+pH%3D4-6+and+T%3D24%2B+or+-0.6+degrees+C&rft.au=Cervini-Silva%2C+Javiera%3BKearns%2C+Josh%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian&rft.aulast=Cervini-Silva&rft.aufirst=Javiera&rft.date=2012-08-06&rft.volume=320-321&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2012.05.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-16 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; biogenic processes; chemical composition; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; experimental studies; ferric iron; ICP mass spectra; iron; kinetics; ligands; mass spectra; metals; models; oxalates; pH; phase equilibria; phosphates; prediction; solubility; spectra; statistical analysis; steady-state processes; synthetic materials; temperature; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.05.022 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Direct measurement of phytoplankton growth rate in a eutrophic river reveals phytoplankton response to altered flow regimes T2 - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AN - 1313022511; 6153644 JF - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AU - Stringfellow, William AU - Hanlon, Jeremy AU - Brunell, Mark AU - Spier, Chelsea AU - Kendall, Carol AU - Borglin, Sharon AU - Litton, Gary Y1 - 2012/08/05/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 05 KW - Phytoplankton KW - Growth rate KW - Eutrophication KW - River discharge KW - Eutrophic waters UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313022511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.atitle=Direct+measurement+of+phytoplankton+growth+rate+in+a+eutrophic+river+reveals+phytoplankton+response+to+altered+flow+regimes&rft.au=Stringfellow%2C+William%3BHanlon%2C+Jeremy%3BBrunell%2C+Mark%3BSpier%2C+Chelsea%3BKendall%2C+Carol%3BBorglin%2C+Sharon%3BLitton%2C+Gary&rft.aulast=Stringfellow&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2012-08-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2012/webprogrampreliminary/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Metagenomics for complex microbial communities T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Phytopathological Society (APS 2012) AN - 1313083323; 6144961 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Phytopathological Society (APS 2012) AU - Tringe, S Y1 - 2012/08/04/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 04 KW - Microbial activity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313083323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Phytopathological+Society+%28APS+2012%29&rft.atitle=Metagenomics+for+complex+microbial+communities&rft.au=Tringe%2C+S&rft.aulast=Tringe&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Phytopathological+Society+%28APS+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.apsnet.org/meetings/annual/program/Documents/2012_APSProgramResourceBook.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of bridging complexation on the transport of surface-modified nanoparticles in saturated sand AN - 1769967741; 2016-019286 AB - The transport of polyacrylic acid capped cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots (QDs), carboxylate-modified latex (CML), and bare silica nanoparticles (NPs) was studied in packed columns at various electrolyte concentrations and cation types. The breakthrough curves (BTCs) of QDs and CML particles in acid-treated Accusand showed significant amounts of increasing deposition with 0.5, 1, and 2mM Ca (super 2+) , but only minute deposition at 50 and 100mM Na (super +) . Negligible QD and CML deposition occurred at 2mM Ca (super 2+) in columns packed with ultrapure quartz sand that was similar in size to the Accusand. These observations are not consistent with interpretations based on Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) calculations of interaction energies. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis demonstrated that there were regions on the acid-treated Accusand covered with small amounts of clay that were absent on the ultrapure quartz sand. A salt cleaning method was therefore used to remove the clay from the acid-treated Accusand. The BTCs of QDs and CML in this acid+salt treated Accusand exhibited much less deposition at any given Ca (super 2+) concentration compared to those obtained from the acid-treated sand. SEM images showed that most of the QD deposited in acid-treated Accusand occurred on clay surfaces. Unlike our results with QDs and CML, negligible deposition of bare silica NPs occurred at 5 and 10mM Ca (super 2+) in acid-treated Accusand. The high deposition of QDs and CML particles was therefore attributed to bridging complexation in which Ca (super 2+) serves as a bridge between the cation exchange locations on the clay and carboxyl functional groups on the QD and CML particles, which were absent on the bare silica NPs. Our results suggest that the transport of carboxylic ligand-modified NPs may be limited in subsurface environments because of the ubiquitous presence of clay and divalent cations. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Torkzaban, Saeed AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Bradford, Scott A Y1 - 2012/08// PY - 2012 DA - August 2012 SP - 86 EP - 95 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 136-137 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - solute transport KW - DLVO theory KW - complexing KW - mass spectra KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - tellurides KW - saturated zone KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - silica KW - sediments KW - carboxylic acids KW - valency KW - spectra KW - cadmium tellurides KW - water pollution KW - sand KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - electron microscopy data KW - electrolytes KW - X-ray spectra KW - EDS spectra KW - ICP mass spectra KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory KW - deposition KW - latex KW - nanoparticles KW - SEM data KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769967741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+bridging+complexation+on+the+transport+of+surface-modified+nanoparticles+in+saturated+sand&rft.au=Torkzaban%2C+Saeed%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BBradford%2C+Scott+A&rft.aulast=Torkzaban&rft.aufirst=Saeed&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.volume=136-137&rft.issue=&rft.spage=86&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2012.05.004 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cadmium tellurides; carboxylic acids; chemical reactions; clastic sediments; complexing; deposition; Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory; DLVO theory; EDS spectra; electrolytes; electron microscopy data; ground water; ICP mass spectra; latex; ligands; mass spectra; mathematical models; nanoparticles; organic acids; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; remediation; reservoir rocks; sand; saturated zone; sediments; SEM data; silica; solute transport; solutes; spectra; tellurides; transport; valency; water pollution; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.05.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calibration of a distributed flood forecasting model with input uncertainty using a Bayesian framework AN - 1287375869; 2013-017792 AB - In the process of calibrating distributed hydrological models, accounting for input uncertainty is important, yet challenging. In this study, we develop a Bayesian model to estimate parameters associated with a geomorphology-based hydrological model (GBHM). The GBHM model uses geomorphic characteristics to simplify model structure and physically based methods to represent hydrological processes. We divide the observed discharge into low- and high-flow data, and use the first-order autoregressive model to describe their temporal dependence. We consider relative errors in rainfall as spatially distributed variables and estimate them jointly with the GBHM parameters. The joint posterior probability distribution is explored using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, which include Metropolis-Hastings, delay rejection adaptive Metropolis, and Gibbs sampling methods. We evaluate the Bayesian model using both synthetic and field data sets. The synthetic case study demonstrates that the developed method generally is effective in calibrating GBHM parameters and in estimating their associated uncertainty. The calibration ignoring input errors has lower accuracy and lower reliability compared to the calibration that includes estimation of the input errors, especially under model structure uncertainty. The field case study shows that calibration of GBHM parameters under complex field conditions remains a challenge. Although jointly estimating input errors and GBHM parameters improves the continuous ranked probability score and the consistency of the predictive distribution with the observed data, the improvement is incremental. To better calibrate parameters in a distributed model, such as GBHM here, we need to develop a more complex model and incorporate much more information. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Li, Mingliang AU - Yang, Dawen AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan S Y1 - 2012/08// PY - 2012 DA - August 2012 EP - Citation W08510 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 48 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - hydrology KW - Yang KW - Far East KW - geologic hazards KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - Chuzhou Catchment KW - statistical analysis KW - Anhui China KW - prediction KW - mathematical models KW - calibration KW - natural hazards KW - floods KW - Yangtze River valley KW - Asia KW - uncertainty KW - Markov chain analysis KW - China KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1287375869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Calibration+of+a+distributed+flood+forecasting+model+with+input+uncertainty+using+a+Bayesian+framework&rft.au=Li%2C+Mingliang%3BYang%2C+Dawen%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Mingliang&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010WR010062 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anhui China; Asia; Bayesian analysis; calibration; China; Chuzhou Catchment; Far East; floods; geologic hazards; hydrology; Markov chain analysis; mathematical models; Monte Carlo analysis; natural hazards; prediction; statistical analysis; uncertainty; Yang; Yangtze River valley DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010WR010062 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energetic and structural studies of amorphous Ca (sub 1-x) Mg (sub x) CO (sub 3) .nH (sub 2) O (0 < or = X < or = 1) AN - 1282823835; 2013-013327 AB - Early stage amorphous precursors provide a low energy pathway for carbonate mineralization. Many natural deposits of carbonate minerals and biogenic calcium carbonate (both amorphous and crystalline) include significant amounts of Mg. To understand the role of magnesium-containing amorphous precursors in carbonate mineralization, we investigated the energetics and structure of synthetic amorphous Ca-Mg carbonates with composition Ca (sub 1-x) Mg (sub x) CO (sub 3) .nH (sub 2) O (0 or =0.47, energetic metastability increases and thermal analysis hints at nanoscale heterogeneity, perhaps of a material near x=0.5 coexisting with another phase near pure AMC (x=1). The most hydrated amorphous phases, which occur near x=0.5, are the least metastable, and may be precursors for dolomite formation. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Radha, A V AU - Fernandez-Martinez, Alejandro AU - Hu, Yandi AU - Jun, Young-Shin AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Navrotsky, Alexandra Y1 - 2012/08/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 01 SP - 83 EP - 95 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 90 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - mass spectra KW - crystal structure KW - infrared spectra KW - synchrotron radiation KW - FTIR spectra KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - mineralization KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - calorimetry KW - experimental studies KW - amorphous materials KW - Rietveld refinement KW - ICP mass spectra KW - crystals KW - dehydration KW - crystal chemistry KW - TGA data KW - nanoparticles KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1282823835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Energetic+and+structural+studies+of+amorphous+Ca+%28sub+1-x%29+Mg+%28sub+x%29+CO+%28sub+3%29+.nH+%28sub+2%29+O+%280+%26lt%3B+or+%3D+X+%26lt%3B+or+%3D+1%29&rft.au=Radha%2C+A+V%3BFernandez-Martinez%2C+Alejandro%3BHu%2C+Yandi%3BJun%2C+Young-Shin%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BNavrotsky%2C+Alexandra&rft.aulast=Radha&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2012.04.056 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; calorimetry; carbonates; chemical composition; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; crystals; dehydration; experimental studies; FTIR spectra; ICP mass spectra; infrared spectra; kinetics; mass spectra; mineral composition; mineralization; nanoparticles; phase equilibria; Rietveld refinement; spectra; synchrotron radiation; TGA data; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.04.056 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TOUGH: Model use, calibration, and validation AN - 1221864530; 17291970 AB - Simulation models for subsurface flow and transport require the estimation of many disparate parameters to capture properties and processes that cannot be explicitly represented in the model. The main challenges for model calibration reside in the formulation of the forward model, the identification of influential parameters, the selection of appropriate calibration data with sufficient information content about these parameters, and the performance of a robust and efficient minimization algorithm capable of handling complex topologies of the resulting objective function. The large variety of subsurface systems and related engineering problems that are addressed by numerical simulation prevents us from compiling definite lists of critical input parameters and desirable observation data to be used for model calibration. Instead, we describe the approach that we consider necessary to arrive at a defensible model for predictive simulations. This process includes sensitivity analyses and synthetic inversions prior to data collection, and detailed residual, error, and uncertainty analyses after automatic model calibration. We illustrate the approach by discussing applications of the iTOUGH2 simulation-optimization code, which supports the development of TOUGH2 models for nonisothermal, multiphase, multicomponent flow and transport processes in fractured porous geological media. We conclude that the calibration of models representing complex subsurface systems remains challenging and requires research that is targeted at the needs of scientists and engineers who address simulation problems of practical relevance. JF - Transactions of the ASABE AU - Finsterle, S AU - Kowalsky, M B AU - Pruess, K AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, SAFinsterle@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/08// PY - 2012 DA - Aug 2012 SP - 1275 EP - 1290 PB - American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 2950 Niles Rd. St Joseph MI 49085 United States VL - 55 IS - 4 SN - 2151-0032, 2151-0032 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Handling KW - Algorithms KW - Topology KW - Engineering KW - Calibrations KW - Storm Seepage KW - Geology KW - Transport processes KW - Data Collections KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Data collection KW - Mathematical models KW - Objective Function KW - Illustrations KW - Simulation KW - Data collections KW - Identification KW - Inversions KW - Model Studies KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Inversion KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1221864530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASABE&rft.atitle=TOUGH%3A+Model+use%2C+calibration%2C+and+validation&rft.au=Finsterle%2C+S%3BKowalsky%2C+M+B%3BPruess%2C+K&rft.aulast=Finsterle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASABE&rft.issn=21510032&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Mathematical models; Handling; Illustrations; Simulation; Data collections; Transport processes; Identification; Inversions; Data collection; Sensitivity analysis; Inversion; Geology; Geologic Fractures; Engineering; Calibrations; Objective Function; Topology; Algorithms; Storm Seepage; Data Collections; Model Studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An iterative finite element time-domain method for simulating three-dimensional electromagnetic diffusion in earth AN - 1112674416; 2012-090314 AB - An iterative finite element time-domain (FETD) method has been developed for simulating transient electromagnetic fields in 3-D diffusive earth media and has been verified through comparisons with analytic and finite-difference time-domain solutions. The adaptive time step doubling (ATSD) method plays an important role in reducing solution run-time by allowing large time steps in late time when high-frequency electric fields are increasingly attenuated in the Earth. We demonstrate that for the ATSD method to work effectively, the conductivity of the air and a drop tolerance of a preconditioner should be carefully selected. The conductivity of the air should not be too large for accurate simulations but also not too small for avoiding ill conditioning that results in error amplification in the ATSD method. A proper drop tolerance keeps the eigenvalues of the preconditioned FETD matrices clustered when a time step size is successively doubled during the ATSD processes, resulting in the convergence of iterative solutions with the reasonable number of iterations. A rule of thumb for determining the conductivity of the air and the drop tolerance has been presented. We also present the simultaneous multiple-sources modelling (SM (super 2) ) approach. The SM (super 2) approach simultaneously advances the electric fields excited by multiple individual sources in a single time stepping loop. This approach allows multiple sources to share the same preconditioner in the time stepping loop and improves the simulation efficiency per a survey line. Abstract Copyright (2012), RAS. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Um, Evan Schankee AU - Harris, Jerry M AU - Alumbaugh, David L Y1 - 2012/08// PY - 2012 DA - August 2012 SP - 871 EP - 886 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 190 IS - 2 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - finite element analysis KW - diffusion KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - time domain analysis KW - simulation KW - lower crust KW - crust KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1112674416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=An+iterative+finite+element+time-domain+method+for+simulating+three-dimensional+electromagnetic+diffusion+in+earth&rft.au=Um%2C+Evan+Schankee%3BHarris%2C+Jerry+M%3BAlumbaugh%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.volume=190&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=871&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-246X.2012.05540.x L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-10-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crust; diffusion; electromagnetic methods; finite element analysis; geophysical methods; lower crust; simulation; three-dimensional models; time domain analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05540.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimates of vadose zone drainage from a capped seepage basin, F-area, Savannah River Site AN - 1112671469; 2012-088776 AB - Waste disposal into seepage basins has generated groundwater contaminant plumes at many locations. At the F Area within the Savannah River Site, Pu was extracted from depleted U from 1955 to 1988, with wastewater discharged into seepage basins. Basin 3 was the largest F-Area seepage basin, receiving acidic wastewater containing radionuclides (including (super 3) H, (super 129) I, and multiple isotopes of U, Pu, Sr, and Cs), elevated NO (sub 3) , and some metals. Contaminants transported into the groundwater migrate toward Fourmile Branch, a tributary to the Savannah River. We developed a two-compartment model and used 20 yr of groundwater quality data to estimate the post-closure drainage of waste solutions through its vadose zone into the aquifer. Tritium, NO (sub 3) (super -) , and specific conductance were used as tracers in the model to estimate drainage rates. Our calculations indicate that early stages of post-closure waste drainage occurred with high water fluxes (approximately 0.5 m yr (super -1) ) and quickly declined. Even 20 yr after basin closure, however, drainage continues at several centimeters per year. While the magnitude of this late-stage drainage rate is low, its impact is large because of the high concentrations of contaminants it continues to supply to the groundwater. These estimated drainage fluxes constrain predictions on the waste plume behavior, especially with respect to its trailing gradient and time scales suitable for monitored natural attenuation. Our methodology requires only groundwater monitoring data and a small number of well-constrained input quantities. This approach can be useful for understanding contaminant dissipation at other locations as well, especially where the hydrogeological setting is relatively simple. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Denham, Miles E Y1 - 2012/08// PY - 2012 DA - August 2012 EP - unpaginated PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 11 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - electrical conductivity KW - contaminant plumes KW - South Carolina KW - isotopes KW - waste water KW - plutonium KW - halogens KW - waste disposal sites KW - tritium KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - iodine KW - radioactive isotopes KW - I-129 KW - transport KW - nitrate ion KW - discharge KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - acidification KW - uranium KW - Savannah River Site KW - actinides KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1112671469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Estimates+of+vadose+zone+drainage+from+a+capped+seepage+basin%2C+F-area%2C+Savannah+River+Site&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BDenham%2C+Miles+E&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2011.0131 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-10-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; actinides; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; contaminant plumes; discharge; electrical conductivity; ground water; halogens; hydrogen; I-129; iodine; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; monitoring; nitrate ion; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; prediction; radioactive isotopes; Savannah River Site; seepage; South Carolina; transport; tritium; United States; uranium; waste disposal sites; waste water; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2011.0131 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid bulk analysis using femtosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry AN - 1082209704; 17055513 AB - Laser Ablation (LA) for direct solid sampling has advanced to provide accuracy and precision similar to that obtained using SN. Analytical performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, and limits of detection obtained when using femtosecond lasers are similar to those by SN. The reason for this improved performance is that the femtosecond laser produces essentially mono-disperse nanometer sized particles that are relatively easily digested in the ICP. In addition, the femtosecond laser material interaction is a photophysical process significantly reducing melting and elemental fractionation. A remaining aspect of ablation sampling is representative sampling; how much mass must be ablated to accurately analyze an inhomogeneous sample. The quantity of sample needed for bulk analysis is dependent on the inhomogeneity (or heterogeneity). Obviously, this same issue exists with sample digestion, and milligrams to grams of material are used to address this requirement. Laser ablation is beneficial in that only micrograms or less of sample are needed for the analysis. However, for bulk analysis of an inhomogeneous sample, the question is how much mass is required to adequately represent the bulk sample, and maintain the benefits of no sample digestion. The goal of this study was to demonstrate bulk analysis of a homogeneous and inhomogeneous sample by ablating large sample volumes using a high repetition rate (20 kHz) femtosecond pulsed laser. This approach is beneficial for bulk analysis of heterogeneous samples, for rapid analysis of difficult to dissolve samples, and for analyzing impurities over a large surface of homogeneous samples. JF - Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry AU - Gonzalez, Jhanis J AU - Oropeza, Dayana D AU - Longerich, Henry AU - Mao, Xianglei AU - Russo, Richard E AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA; +1-510-483-7303; +1-510-486-4258; , rerusso@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/08// PY - 2012 DA - Aug 2012 SP - 1405 EP - 1412 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 27 IS - 9 SN - 0267-9477, 0267-9477 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Digestion KW - Melting KW - Precision KW - Lasers KW - Sampling KW - Heterogeneity KW - Benefits KW - Ablation KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1082209704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Analytical+Atomic+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Rapid+bulk+analysis+using+femtosecond+laser+ablation+inductively+coupled+plasma+time-of-flight+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+Jhanis+J%3BOropeza%2C+Dayana+D%3BLongerich%2C+Henry%3BMao%2C+Xianglei%3BRusso%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Jhanis&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Analytical+Atomic+Spectrometry&rft.issn=02679477&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2ja10368k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Melting; Digestion; Mass Spectrometry; Precision; Lasers; Sampling; Benefits; Heterogeneity; Ablation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ja10368k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical, mineralogical and microbiological characteristics of sediment from a naturally reduced zone in a uranium-contaminated aquifer AN - 1030488973; 2012-069564 AB - Localized zones or lenses of naturally reduced sediments have the potential to play a significant role in the fate and transport of redox-sensitive metals and metalloids in aquifers. To assess the mineralogy, microbiology and redox processes that occur in these zones, several cores from a region of naturally occurring reducing conditions in a U-contaminated aquifer (Rifle, CO) were examined. Sediment samples from a transect of cores ranging from oxic/suboxic Rifle aquifer sediment to naturally reduced sediment were analyzed for U and Fe content, oxidation state, and mineralogy; reduced S phases; and solid-phase organic C content using a suite of analytical and spectroscopic techniques on bulk sediment and size fractions. Solid-phase U concentrations were higher in the naturally reduced zone, with a high proportion of the U present as U(IV). The sediments were also elevated in reduced S phases and Fe(II), indicating it is very likely that U(VI), Fe(III), and SO (sub 4) reduction has occurred or is occurring in the sediment. The microbial community was assessed using lipid- and DNA-based techniques, and statistical redundancy analysis was performed to determine correlations between the microbial community and the geochemistry. Increased concentrations of solid-phase organic C and biomass in the naturally reduced sediment suggests that natural bioreduction is stimulated by a zone of increased organic C concentration associated with fine-grained material and lower permeability to groundwater flow. Characterization of the naturally bioreduced sediment provides an understanding of the natural processes that occur in the sediment under reducing conditions and how they may impact natural attenuation of radionuclides and other redox sensitive materials. Results also suggest the importance of recalcitrant organic C for maintaining reducing conditions and U immobilization. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Campbell, K M AU - Kukkadapu, R K AU - Qafoku, N P AU - Peacock, A D AU - Lesher, E AU - Williams, K H AU - Bargar, J R AU - Wilkins, M J AU - Figueroa, L AU - Ranville, J AU - Davis, J A AU - Long, P E Y1 - 2012/08// PY - 2012 DA - August 2012 SP - 1499 EP - 1511 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 27 IS - 8 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - characterization KW - environmental analysis KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - Colorado River KW - Rifle Colorado KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - biogenic processes KW - nucleic acids KW - metals KW - sedimentary petrology KW - EXAFS data KW - DNA KW - reservoir properties KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - Colorado KW - actinides KW - permeability KW - microorganisms KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1030488973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Geochemical%2C+mineralogical+and+microbiological+characteristics+of+sediment+from+a+naturally+reduced+zone+in+a+uranium-contaminated+aquifer&rft.au=Campbell%2C+K+M%3BKukkadapu%2C+R+K%3BQafoku%2C+N+P%3BPeacock%2C+A+D%3BLesher%2C+E%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BBargar%2C+J+R%3BWilkins%2C+M+J%3BFigueroa%2C+L%3BRanville%2C+J%3BDavis%2C+J+A%3BLong%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2012.04.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; biochemistry; biogenic processes; carbon; characterization; chemical composition; Colorado; Colorado River; DNA; Eh; environmental analysis; EXAFS data; Garfield County Colorado; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotopes; metals; microorganisms; mineral composition; mobilization; Mossbauer spectra; nucleic acids; organic carbon; permeability; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reduction; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; Rifle Colorado; sedimentary petrology; sediments; solute transport; spectra; statistical analysis; transport; United States; uranium; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.04.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic and chromium speciation in an urban contaminated soil AN - 1028027517; 16867554 AB - The distribution and speciation of As and Cr in a contaminated soil were studied by synchrotron-based X-ray microfluorescence ( mu -XRF), microfocused X-ray absorption spectroscopy ( mu -XAS), and bulk extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS). The soil was taken from a park in Wilmington, DE, which had been an important center for the leather tanning industry along the Atlantic seaboard of the United States, until the early 20th century. Soil concentrations of As, Cr, and Pb measured at certain locations in the park greatly exceeded the background levels of these heavy metals in the State of Delaware. Results show that Cr(III) and As(V) species are mainly present in the soil, with insignificant amounts of Cr(VI) and As(III). Micro-XRF maps show that Cr and Fe are distributed together in regions where their concentrations are diffuse, and at local spots where their concentrations are high. Iron oxides, which can reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III), are present at some of these hot spots where Cr and Fe are highly concentrated. Arsenic is mainly associated with Al in the soil, and to a minor extent with Fe. Arsenate may be sorbed to aluminum oxides, which might have transformed after a long period of time into an As-Al precipitate phase, having a structure and chemical composition similar to mansfieldite (AlAsO4 times 2H2O). The latter hypothesis is supported by the fact that only a small amount of As present in the soil was desorbed using the characteristic toxicity leaching procedure tests. This suggests that As is immobilized in the soil. JF - Chemosphere AU - Landrot, Gautier AU - Tappero, Ryan AU - Webb, Samuel M AU - Sparks, Donald L AD - Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, 152 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA, gjlandrot@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/08// PY - 2012 DA - Aug 2012 SP - 1196 EP - 1201 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 88 IS - 10 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Chromium KW - Arsenic KW - Contamination KW - Soil KW - Speciation KW - XAFS KW - ANW, USA, Delaware KW - Leather KW - iron oxides KW - Heavy metals KW - Hot spots KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy KW - Spectroscopy KW - Lead KW - Absorption spectroscopy KW - Absorption KW - Tanning KW - Ultrastructure KW - Leaching KW - Soil contamination KW - Toxicity KW - Arsenates KW - A, Atlantic KW - Soil pollution KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Background levels KW - Parks KW - ANW, USA, North Carolina, Wilmington KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1028027517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Arsenic+and+chromium+speciation+in+an+urban+contaminated+soil&rft.au=Landrot%2C+Gautier%3BTappero%2C+Ryan%3BWebb%2C+Samuel+M%3BSparks%2C+Donald+L&rft.aulast=Landrot&rft.aufirst=Gautier&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2012.03.069 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Speciation; Arsenic; Leaching; Leather; Chromium; iron oxides; Hot spots; Heavy metals; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Toxicity; Spectroscopy; Lead; Soil; Soil pollution; Ionizing radiation; Background levels; Parks; Tanning; Ultrastructure; Absorption spectroscopy; Absorption; Soil contamination; Arsenates; ANW, USA, Delaware; ANW, USA, North Carolina, Wilmington; A, Atlantic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.03.069 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contribution of organic carbon to wood smoke particulate matter absorption of solar radiation AN - 1034829091; 17019801 AB - A spectroscopic analysis of 115 wintertime particulate matter samples collected in rural California shows that wood smoke absorbs solar radiation with a strong spectral selectivity. This is consistent with prior work that has demonstrated that organic carbon (OC), in addition to black carbon (BC), appreciably absorbs solar radiation in the visible and ultraviolet spectral regions. We apportion light absorption to OC and BC and find that the absorption Aangstrom exponent of the light-absorbing OC in these samples ranges from 3.0 to 7.4 and averages 5.0. Further, we calculate that OC would account for 14% and BC would account for 86% of solar radiation absorbed by the wood smoke in the atmosphere (integrated over the solar spectrum from 300 to 2500 nm). OC would contribute 49% of the wood smoke particulate matter absorption of ultraviolet solar radiation at wavelengths below 400 nm and, therefore, may affect tropospheric photochemistry. These results illustrate that BC is the dominant light-absorbing particulate matter species in atmospheres burdened with residential wood smoke and OC absorption is secondary but not insignificant. Further, these results add to the growing body of evidence that light-absorbing OC is ubiquitous in atmospheres influenced by biomass burning and may be important to include when considering particulate matter effects on climate. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Kirchstetter, T W AU - Thatcher, T L AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA Y1 - 2012/07/16/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jul 16 SP - 6067 EP - 6072 PB - European Geophysical Society, Max-Planck-Str. 13 Katlenburg-Lindau Germany VL - 12 IS - 14 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Combustion products KW - Organic carbon KW - Spectroscopic analysis KW - Particulates KW - Solar radiation KW - Light absorption KW - Carbon KW - Particulate Matter KW - Absorption KW - USA, California KW - Solar Radiation KW - Sorption KW - Absorption (physics) KW - Organic Carbon KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Spectral analysis KW - Wood KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Solar spectrum KW - Hardwood KW - Wavelengths KW - Smoke KW - Incineration KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Burning KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09223:Optical properties KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034829091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.atitle=Contribution+of+organic+carbon+to+wood+smoke+particulate+matter+absorption+of+solar+radiation&rft.au=Kirchstetter%2C+T+W%3BThatcher%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Kirchstetter&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2012-07-16&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=6067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.issn=16807316&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Sorption; Light absorption; Absorption (physics); Climate; Atmospheric chemistry; Organic carbon; Suspended particulate matter; Solar radiation; Spectroscopic analysis; Spectral analysis; Solar spectrum; Combustion products; Absorption; Wood; Burning; Particulates; Solar Radiation; Incineration; Carbon; Organic Carbon; Climates; Particulate Matter; Hardwood; Wavelengths; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Toarcian in the Subbetic Basin (southern Spain); bio-events (ammonite and calcareous nannofossils) and carbon-isotope stratigraphy AN - 1039338409; 2012-081938 AB - A detailed carbon-isotope stratigraphic study for the uppermost Pliensbachian lowermost Aalenian interval in the Median Subbetic palaeogeographic domain (External zones of the Betic Cordillera, southern Spain) has been carried out. During the Early Jurassic, the Median Subbetic, which represents a typical basin of the Hispanic Corridor connecting the Tethys and the Eastern Pacific, was located in the westernmost Tethys. The analyzed sections encompass the entire Toarcian stage as represented in the southern Iberian palaeomargin. Rocks are mainly rhythmic sequences of grey marls and marly limestones containing a rich ammonite fauna, nannofossils, and benthic foraminifers-all these provide an accurate biostratigraphic control. The lower and upper Toarcian boundaries are well represented in some of these sections and therefore represent optimal sites to link the carbon-isotope curves to ammonite zones, and to nannofossil events. delta (super 13) C values of bulk carbonates from the different localities of the Subbetic basin have similar variations from the uppermost Pliensbachian to the lowermost Aalenian, suggesting changes in the original DIC carbon isotope composition along the Hispanic corridor. The transition from Pliensbachian to Toarcian is marked by increasing delta (super 13) C values from approximately 1.2 to 2.0 ppm, interrupted in the Serpentinum Zone by a negative shift concomitant with the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event (T-OAE), with the major ammonite extinction event of the Toarcian, and an important turnover of calcareous nannoplankton. The negative shift observed in the Serpentinum Zone confirms the global perturbation of the carbon cycling documented along the Tethys and the palaeo-Pacific in organic material and in marine carbonates. However, the amplitude of the negative excursion ( approximately -1.5 ppm) is not compatible with an isotopic homogeneous seawater DIC and/or CO (sub 2) atmospheric reservoirs. The interval from the middle to the top of the Toarcian delta (super 13) C shows relatively constant values, minor ammonite turnovers, and is associated with increasing diversity of calcareous nannoplankton. JF - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AU - Sandoval, Jose AU - Bill, Markus AU - Aguado, Roque AU - O'Dogherty, Luis AU - Rivas, Pascual AU - Morard, Alain AU - Guex, Jean Y1 - 2012/07/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jul 15 SP - 40 EP - 63 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 342-343 SN - 0031-0182, 0031-0182 KW - limestone KW - paleo-oceanography KW - Europe KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - Granada Spain KW - Southern Europe KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Andalusia Spain KW - carbon KW - upper Liassic KW - chemostratigraphy KW - Invertebrata KW - Ammonoidea KW - Plantae KW - biostratigraphy KW - southern Spain KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Cephalopoda KW - Betic Cordillera KW - paleogeography KW - Jaen Spain KW - Subbetic Zone KW - biozones KW - carbon cycle KW - carbonate rocks KW - Tethys KW - Aalenian KW - isotopes KW - Spain KW - sedimentary basins KW - algae KW - stable isotopes KW - basins KW - Mollusca KW - geochemistry KW - biodiversity KW - Jurassic KW - isotope ratios KW - Middle Jurassic KW - Pliensbachian KW - Mesozoic KW - geochemical cycle KW - Lower Jurassic KW - middle Liassic KW - nannofossils KW - Toarcian KW - Murcia Spain KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1039338409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Palaeogeography%2C+Palaeoclimatology%2C+Palaeoecology&rft.atitle=The+Toarcian+in+the+Subbetic+Basin+%28southern+Spain%29%3B+bio-events+%28ammonite+and+calcareous+nannofossils%29+and+carbon-isotope+stratigraphy&rft.au=Sandoval%2C+Jose%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BAguado%2C+Roque%3BO%27Dogherty%2C+Luis%3BRivas%2C+Pascual%3BMorard%2C+Alain%3BGuex%2C+Jean&rft.aulast=Sandoval&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft.date=2012-07-15&rft.volume=342-343&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Palaeogeography%2C+Palaeoclimatology%2C+Palaeoecology&rft.issn=00310182&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.palaeo.2012.04.028 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00310182 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 133 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 2 plates, 3 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-14 N1 - CODEN - PPPYAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aalenian; algae; Ammonoidea; Andalusia Spain; basins; Betic Cordillera; biodiversity; biostratigraphy; biozones; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon cycle; carbonate rocks; Cephalopoda; chemostratigraphy; Europe; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; Granada Spain; Iberian Peninsula; Invertebrata; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jaen Spain; Jurassic; limestone; Lower Jurassic; Mesozoic; microfossils; Middle Jurassic; middle Liassic; Mollusca; Murcia Spain; nannofossils; paleo-oceanography; paleogeography; Plantae; Pliensbachian; sedimentary basins; sedimentary rocks; Southern Europe; southern Spain; Spain; stable isotopes; Subbetic Zone; Tethys; Toarcian; upper Liassic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.04.028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of accessible reactive surface area in a sandstone, with application to CO (sub 2) mineralization AN - 1030492221; 2012-071651 AB - A new characterization approach is employed in this study that enables the measurement of the surface area of each reactive mineral located within the connected pore network of a sandstone from a carbon sequestration pilot site in Cranfield, Mississippi. The mineral distribution is measured in 2D by chemical mapping using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy-Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDX) coupled with an image segmentation technique. The pore structure is mapped at high resolution using a pixel contrast thresholding technique applied to 2D Backscattered Electron Microscopy (BSE-SEM) images. After merging the mineral distribution and porosity maps, the accessibilities of each mineral present in the rock sample are quantified. These quantifications require characterizing in advance the connected pore network in the merged maps, which is done considering the permeability of chlorite measured at the nano-scale in three dimensions by Focus Ion Beam-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM). The accessible surface area of each reactive mineral is finally determined by multiplying the fraction of each reactive mineral next to the connected pore network, measured in 2D, with the surface area of the connected pore network in the rock, which is measured in 3D from X-ray based micro tomography (mu -CT) images and subsequently refined with a correction factor that accounts for the missing pore connectivity. This is necessary since mu -CT voxel resolution (880 nm) is lower than the pixel resolution achieved with BSE-SEM (330 nm). The accessible surface areas of the reactive minerals present in the sandstone rock can be used to accurately scale the rate constants for quantitative prediction and ultimately control of CO (sub 2) injection in the subsurface at the Cranfield pilot site. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Landrot, Gautier AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B AU - Yang, Li AU - Cabrini, Stefano AU - Steefel, Carl I Y1 - 2012/07/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jul 15 SP - 113 EP - 125 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 318-319 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - Cretaceous KW - sandstone KW - gas storage KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - environmental management KW - Adams County Mississippi KW - reactivity KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Cranfield Mississippi KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - geochemistry KW - carbon sequestration KW - textures KW - pollutants KW - Mississippi KW - connectivity KW - pollution KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - gas injection KW - sedimentary petrology KW - synchrotrons KW - reservoir properties KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1030492221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+accessible+reactive+surface+area+in+a+sandstone%2C+with+application+to+CO+%28sub+2%29+mineralization&rft.au=Landrot%2C+Gautier%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B%3BYang%2C+Li%3BCabrini%2C+Stefano%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I&rft.aulast=Landrot&rft.aufirst=Gautier&rft.date=2012-07-15&rft.volume=318-319&rft.issue=&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2012.05.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-02 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Mississippi; air pollution; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; connectivity; Cranfield Mississippi; Cretaceous; environmental management; gas injection; gas storage; geochemistry; Mesozoic; Mississippi; pollutants; pollution; porosity; reactivity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sandstone; sedimentary petrology; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; synchrotrons; textures; tomography; Tuscaloosa Formation; United States; Upper Cretaceous; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.05.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upscaling calcium carbonate precipitation rates from pore to continuum scale AN - 1030492170; 2012-071648 AB - The upscaling of calcite precipitation rates in porous media from the pore (micron) to continuum (centimeter) scale is evaluated with an integrated experimental and modeling approach. Experiments using cylindrical cores packed with glass beads and calcite (Iceland spar) crystals were injected over a period of 28 days with a supersaturated mixture of CaCl (sub 2) and NaHCO (sub 3) to induce calcite growth. Bulk rates of precipitation based on the change in aqueous chemistry over the length of the column are compared with spatially resolved determinations of carbonate precipitation using X-ray synchrotron microtomographic imaging at the micron scale. These data are supplemented by continuously-stirred reactor experiments using the same calcite seed material so as to minimize differences in the effects of reactive site density of the seed material, and to evaluate the rate of precipitation in the absence of transport or "porous medium" effects. Calcite precipitation rates determined in the stirred flowthrough reactor in this study are considerably slower than rates determined at similar supersaturation in unseeded batch experiments by Tang et al. (2008a), although these rates are compatible with those reported in Nehrke et al. (2007) for precipitation on Iceland spar when the same normalization to reactive surface area is used. The nearly linear dependence of the rates on supersaturation cannot be attributed to a diffusion control in the case of the stirred reactors and is likely the result of multi-sourced spiral growth. Integrated precipitation rates based on column effluent chemistry from a higher supersaturation experiment are in good agreement with determinations of total carbonate precipitated based on determination of pre- and post-experiment mass in the column using X-ray microtomography. Using the rates of precipitation determined in the well-stirred flowthrough reactors, it is possible to match the spatially-resolved microtomographic and aqueous data with a coarser resolution continuum model using volume-averaged flow and reactive surface area if the generation of new reactive surface area is accounted for. A nucleation or surface roughening event, which is most pronounced within 2 mm of the column inlet where the supersaturation is highest, is recorded by both BET analysis, which indicates an increase in specific surface area from 0.012 m (super 2) .g (super -1) to a value of 0.21 m (super 2) .g (super -1) for neo-formed calcium carbonate, and by X-ray microtomography. The best fit of the column X-ray microtomography data is provided by simulating calcite precipitation either as a single nearly linear rate for multi-sourced spiral growth, or as two parallel rates that include the spiral growth model and a 2D heterogeneous nucleation model modified by a partial diffusion control, although nucleation needs to be relatively minor on a mass basis in order to match the data. The combined experiments and modeling indicate that it is possible to develop upscaled quantitative models for porous media reactivity, but changes in such properties as the reactive surface area need to be accounted for. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Noiriel, Catherine AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Yang, Li AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B Y1 - 2012/07/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jul 15 SP - 60 EP - 74 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 318-319 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - tomography KW - experimental studies KW - porous materials KW - crystal growth KW - carbon dioxide KW - calcite KW - synchrotron radiation KW - models KW - reactivity KW - nucleation KW - transport KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - mathematical methods KW - calcium carbonate KW - crystal chemistry KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1030492170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Upscaling+calcium+carbonate+precipitation+rates+from+pore+to+continuum+scale&rft.au=Noiriel%2C+Catherine%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BYang%2C+Li%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B&rft.aulast=Noiriel&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2012-07-15&rft.volume=318-319&rft.issue=&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2012.05.014 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-02 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; calcium carbonate; carbon dioxide; carbonates; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; experimental studies; kinetics; mathematical methods; models; nucleation; porous materials; precipitation; reactivity; saturation; SEM data; synchrotron radiation; tomography; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.05.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coexisting nitrogen; rich and poor organic materials in ultracarbonaceous Antarctic micrometeorite AN - 1849307365; 2016-107655 JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Yabuta, H AU - Itoh, S AU - Noguchi, T AU - Sakamoto, N AU - Hashiguchi, M AU - Abe, K AU - Tsujimoto, S AU - Kilcoyne, D AU - Okubo, A AU - Okazaki, R AU - Tachibana, S AU - Terada, Kentaro AU - Nakamura, T AU - Nagahara, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - July 2012 EP - Abstract no. 5196 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 47, Suppl. SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - carbonaceous composition KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - parent bodies KW - mass spectra KW - X-ray spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - XANES spectra KW - aqueous alteration KW - micrometeorites KW - meteorites KW - organic compounds KW - comets KW - Antarctica KW - hydrogen KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - deuterium KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849307365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Coexisting+nitrogen%3B+rich+and+poor+organic+materials+in+ultracarbonaceous+Antarctic+micrometeorite&rft.au=Yabuta%2C+H%3BItoh%2C+S%3BNoguchi%2C+T%3BSakamoto%2C+N%3BHashiguchi%2C+M%3BAbe%2C+K%3BTsujimoto%2C+S%3BKilcoyne%2C+D%3BOkubo%2C+A%3BOkazaki%2C+R%3BTachibana%2C+S%3BTerada%2C+Kentaro%3BNakamura%2C+T%3BNagahara%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yabuta&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc2012/pdf/5196.pdf http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 75th annual meeting of the Meteorological Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Jan. 26, 2016 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctica; aqueous alteration; carbon; carbonaceous composition; comets; deuterium; hydrogen; ion probe data; isotopes; mass spectra; meteorites; micrometeorites; nitrogen; organic compounds; parent bodies; spectra; stable isotopes; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of carbonaceous xenolithic clasts in Sharps (H3.4) meteorite; implications for their origin AN - 1849297020; 2016-104453 JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Kebukawa, Y AU - Zolensky, M E AU - Cody, G D AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Rahman, Z AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - July 2012 EP - Abstract no. 5085 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 47, Suppl. SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - ordinary chondrites KW - stony meteorites KW - temperature KW - XANES spectra KW - meteorites KW - mixing KW - insoluble residues KW - carbon KW - inclusions KW - Sharps Meteorite KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - xenoliths KW - carbonaceous composition KW - electron microscopy data KW - native elements KW - H chondrites KW - clasts KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - early solar system KW - graphite KW - focused ion beam KW - organic compounds KW - high temperature KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849297020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+carbonaceous+xenolithic+clasts+in+Sharps+%28H3.4%29+meteorite%3B+implications+for+their+origin&rft.au=Kebukawa%2C+Y%3BZolensky%2C+M+E%3BCody%2C+G+D%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BRahman%2C+Z%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kebukawa&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc2012/pdf/5085.pdf http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 75th annual meeting of the Meteorological Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Dec. 23, 2015 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbonaceous composition; chondrites; clasts; early solar system; electron microscopy data; focused ion beam; graphite; H chondrites; high temperature; inclusions; insoluble residues; meteorites; mixing; native elements; ordinary chondrites; organic compounds; Sharps Meteorite; spectra; stony meteorites; TEM data; temperature; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra; xenoliths ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stealth Rare Earth Oxide Nanodiscs for Magnetic Resonance Imaging AN - 1776669442; PQ0002753884 AB - Configuring RE sub(2)O sub(3) nanocrystals with pseudo-2D morphologies confers substantive gains in relaxivities over equivalent spherical counterparts. The most promising arises from Gd sub(2)O sub(3) whose ionic transverse and longitudinal relaxivities were as high as r sub(1) = 12.7 mM super(-1) s super(-1) and r sub(2) = 17.2 mM super(-1) s super(-1) (dispersed in H sub(2)O, T = 37 degree C & B sub(0) = 1.41 T), pointing to new opportunities to achieve high contrast MRI while concomitantly affording longer half-life potential in vivo. JF - Advanced Healthcare Materials AU - Bailey, Mark J AU - van der Weegen, Rob AU - Klemm, Piper J AU - Baker, Suzanne L AU - Helms, Brett A AD - The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - July 2012 SP - 437 EP - 442 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 2192-2640, 2192-2640 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - Computed tomography KW - oxides KW - Crystals KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776669442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Healthcare+Materials&rft.atitle=Stealth+Rare+Earth+Oxide+Nanodiscs+for+Magnetic+Resonance+Imaging&rft.au=Bailey%2C+Mark+J%3Bvan+der+Weegen%2C+Rob%3BKlemm%2C+Piper+J%3BBaker%2C+Suzanne+L%3BHelms%2C+Brett+A&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+Healthcare+Materials&rft.issn=21922640&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fadhm.201200039 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computed tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging; oxides; Crystals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201200039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of high column density systems on the measurement of the Lyman- alpha forest correlation function AN - 1673384648; PQ0001375589 AB - We present a study of the effect of High Column Density (HCD) systems on the Ly alpha forest correlation function on large scales. We study the effect both numerically, by inserting HCD systems on mock spectra for a specific model, and analytically, in the context of two-point correlations and linear theory. We show that the presence of HCDs substantially contributes to the noise of the correlation function measurement, and systematically alters the measured redshift-space correlation function of the Ly alpha forest, increasing the value of the density bias factor and decreasing the redshift distortion parameter beta sub( alpha ) of the Ly alpha forest. We provide simple formulae for corrections on these derived parameters, as a function of the mean effective optical depth and bias factor of the host halos of the HCDs, and discuss the conditions under which these expressions should be valid. In practice, precise corrections to the measured parameters of the Ly alpha forest correlation for the HCD effects are more complex than the simple analytical approximations we present, owing to non-linear effects of the damped wings of the HCD systems and the presence of three-point terms. However, we conclude that an accurate correction for these HCD effects can be obtained numerically and calibrated with observations of the HCD-Ly alpha cross-correlation. We also discuss an analogous formalism to treat and correct for the contaminating effect of metal lines overlapping the Ly alpha forest spectra. JF - Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics AU - Font-Ribera, Andreu AU - Miralda-Escude, Jordi AD - Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC-CSIC), E. de Ciencies, Torre C5, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Zurich, Winterthurstrasse 190, Zurich, Switzerland; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, 94720 Berkeley, California, U.S.A., font@physik.uzh.ch Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - Jul 2012 SP - 1 EP - 24 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States SN - 1475-7516, 1475-7516 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Lyman alpha forest KW - intergalactic media KW - redshift surveys KW - cosmological simulations KW - Optical analysis KW - Metals KW - Halos KW - Cosmology KW - Acoustic waves KW - Noise levels KW - Correlations KW - Forests KW - Correlation function KW - Noise pollution KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - M2 524:Stars, Universe (524) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673384648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Cosmology+and+Astroparticle+Physics&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+high+column+density+systems+on+the+measurement+of+the+Lyman-+alpha+forest+correlation+function&rft.au=Font-Ribera%2C+Andreu%3BMiralda-Escude%2C+Jordi&rft.aulast=Font-Ribera&rft.aufirst=Andreu&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Cosmology+and+Astroparticle+Physics&rft.issn=14757516&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1475-7516%2F2012%2F07%2F028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Halos; Cosmology; Acoustic waves; Correlations; Correlation function; Noise pollution; Optical analysis; Metals; Noise levels; Forests DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2012/07/028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Noninvasive histological comparison of bone growth patterns among fossil and extant neonatal elephantids using synchrotron radiation X-ray microtomography AN - 1270040343; 2013-011892 JF - Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology AU - Curtin, Amanda J AU - MacDowell, Alastair A AU - Schaible, Eric G AU - Roth, V Louise Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - July 2012 SP - 939 EP - 955 PB - Society of Vertebrate Paleontology (in partnership with Taylor & Francis), Bethesda, MD VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0272-4634, 0272-4634 KW - Elephas maximus KW - Loxodonta africana KW - Elephas KW - microstructure KW - Elephantoidea KW - Cenozoic KW - Theria KW - quantitative analysis KW - bones KW - Elephantidae KW - Mammuthus KW - Eutheria KW - histology KW - Chordata KW - Quaternary KW - living taxa KW - statistical analysis KW - Mammalia KW - Proboscidea KW - X-ray data KW - Pleistocene KW - Vertebrata KW - computed tomography data KW - Tetrapoda KW - growth KW - 11:Vertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270040343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Vertebrate+Paleontology&rft.atitle=Noninvasive+histological+comparison+of+bone+growth+patterns+among+fossil+and+extant+neonatal+elephantids+using+synchrotron+radiation+X-ray+microtomography&rft.au=Curtin%2C+Amanda+J%3BMacDowell%2C+Alastair+A%3BSchaible%2C+Eric+G%3BRoth%2C+V+Louise&rft.aulast=Curtin&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=939&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Vertebrate+Paleontology&rft.issn=02724634&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F02724634.2012.672388 L2 - http://www.bioone.org/loi/vrpa LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2013-01-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bones; Cenozoic; Chordata; computed tomography data; Elephantidae; Elephantoidea; Elephas; Elephas maximus; Eutheria; growth; histology; living taxa; Loxodonta africana; Mammalia; Mammuthus; microstructure; Pleistocene; Proboscidea; quantitative analysis; Quaternary; statistical analysis; Tetrapoda; Theria; Vertebrata; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2012.672388 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 3D finite-difference modeling of elastic wave propagation in the Laplace-Fourier domain AN - 1039342124; 2012-082417 AB - With the recent interest in the Laplace-Fourier domain full waveform inversion, we have developed new heterogeneous 3D fourth- and second-order staggered-grid finite-difference schemes for modeling seismic wave propagation in the Laplace-Fourier domain. Our approach is based on the integro-interpolation technique for the velocity-stress formulation in the Cartesian coordinate system. Five averaging elastic coefficients and three averaging densities are necessary to describe the heterogeneous medium, with harmonic averaging of the bulk and shear moduli, and arithmetic averaging of density. In the fourth-order approximation, we improved the accuracy of the scheme using a combination of integral identities for two elementary volumes -- "small" and "large" around spatial gridpoints where the wave variables are defined. Two solution approaches are provided, both of which are solved with iterative Krylov methods. In the first approach, the stress variables are eliminated and a linear system for the velocity components is solved. In the second approach, we worked directly with the first-order system of velocity and stress variables. This reduced the computer memory required to store the complex matrix, along with reducing (by 30%) the number of arithmetic operations needed for the solution compared to the fourth-order scheme for velocity only. Numerical examples show that our finite-difference formulations for elastic wavefield simulations can achieve more accurate solutions with fewer grid points than those from previously published second and fourth-order frequency-domain schemes. We applied our simulator to the investigation of wavefields from the SEG/EAGE model in the Laplace-Fourier domain. The calculation is sensitive to the heterogeneity of the medium and capable of describing the structures of complex objects. Our technique can also be extended to 3D elastic modeling within the time domain. JF - Geophysics AU - Petrov, Petr V AU - Newman, Gregory A Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - July 2012 SP - T137 EP - T155 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 77 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - technology KW - three-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - Laplace transformations KW - seismic methods KW - Fourier analysis KW - electromagnetic methods KW - propagation KW - algorithms KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1039342124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=3D+finite-difference+modeling+of+elastic+wave+propagation+in+the+Laplace-Fourier+domain&rft.au=Petrov%2C+Petr+V%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A&rft.aulast=Petrov&rft.aufirst=Petr&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=T137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2011-0238.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; data processing; elastic waves; electromagnetic methods; finite difference analysis; Fourier analysis; geophysical methods; Laplace transformations; propagation; seismic methods; technology; three-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0238.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stochastic inversion of magnetotelluric data using a sharp boundary parameterization and application to a geothermal site AN - 1039341316; 2012-082403 AB - We developed a Bayesian model to invert magnetotelluric (MT) data using a 2D sharp boundary parameterization. We divided the 2D cross section into layers and considered the locations of interfaces and resistivity of the regions formed by the interfaces as random variables. We assumed that those variables are independent in the vertical direction and dependent along the lateral direction, whose spatial dependence is described by either pairwise difference or multivariate Gaussian priors. We used a parallel, adaptive finite-element algorithm to rapidly forward simulate frequency-domain MT responses of the 2D resistivity structure and used Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to draw many samples from the joint posterior probability distribution. We applied the Bayesian model to a synthetic case that mimics a geothermal exploration scenario. Our results demonstrated that the developed method is effective in estimating the resistivity and depths to interfaces and in quantifying uncertainty on the estimates. We also applied the developed method to the field MT data collected from the Darajat geothermal site in Indonesia. We compared our inversion results with those obtained from a deterministic inversion of 3D MT data; they are consistent even if the two inversion methods are very different and the amount of information used for inversion is different. JF - Geophysics AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Key, Kerry AU - Nordquist, Gregg AU - Cumming, William Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - July 2012 SP - E265 EP - E279 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 77 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - technology KW - Far East KW - geophysical surveys KW - Bayesian analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - Indonesia KW - geophysical methods KW - resistivity KW - Java KW - two-dimensional models KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - stochastic processes KW - Darajat Field KW - surveys KW - probability KW - algorithms KW - Asia KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1039341316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Stochastic+inversion+of+magnetotelluric+data+using+a+sharp+boundary+parameterization+and+application+to+a+geothermal+site&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BKey%2C+Kerry%3BNordquist%2C+Gregg%3BCumming%2C+William&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=E265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2011-0430.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Asia; Bayesian analysis; Darajat Field; Far East; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal reservoirs; Indonesia; Java; magnetotelluric methods; probability; resistivity; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; surveys; technology; two-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0430.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural stability of coprecipitated natural organic matter and ferric iron under reducing conditions AN - 1030492243; 2012-071579 AB - The objective was to assess the interaction of Fe coprecipitated with dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its effect on Fe (hydr)oxide crystallinity and DOM retention under abiotic reducing conditions. A Fe-based coagulant was reacted with DOM from an agricultural drain and the resulting precipitate (floc) was exposed to S(-II) and Fe(II). Solution concentrations of Fe(II/III) and DOM were monitored, floc crystallinity was determined using X-ray diffraction, and the composition and distribution of functional groups were assessed using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. Results indicate coprecipitation of Fe(III) with DOM forms a non-crystalline floc that withstands crystallization regardless of change in pH, Fe:DOM ratio and type of reductant added. There was no evidence that exposure to reducing conditions led to release of DOM from the floc, indicating that coprecipitation with complex natural DOM in aquatic environments may stabilize Fe (hydr)oxides against crystallization upon reaction with reduced species and lead to long term sequestration of the DOM. STXM analysis identified spatially distinct regions with remarkable functional group purity, contrary to the model of DOM as a relatively uniform complex polymer lacking identifiable organic compounds. Polysaccharide-like OM was strongly and directly correlated with the presence of Fe but showed different Fe binding strength depending on the presence of carboxylic acid functional groups, whereas amide and aromatic functional groups were inversely correlated with Fe content. JF - Organic Geochemistry AU - Henneberry, Yumiko K AU - Kraus, Tamara E C AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Horwath, William R Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - July 2012 SP - 81 EP - 89 PB - Elsevier VL - 48 SN - 0146-6380, 0146-6380 KW - solutions KW - iron KW - crystallinity KW - ferric iron KW - organic compounds KW - X-ray data KW - dissolved materials KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - EXAFS data KW - valency KW - Eh KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1030492243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Structural+stability+of+coprecipitated+natural+organic+matter+and+ferric+iron+under+reducing+conditions&rft.au=Henneberry%2C+Yumiko+K%3BKraus%2C+Tamara+E+C%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BHorwath%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Henneberry&rft.aufirst=Yumiko&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.issn=01466380&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.orggeochem.2012.04.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01466380 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; crystallinity; dissolved materials; Eh; EXAFS data; ferric iron; hydrocarbons; iron; metals; organic compounds; precipitation; solutions; valency; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2012.04.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfur, sulfides, oxides and organic matter aggregated in submarine hydrothermal plumes at 9 degrees 50'N East Pacific Rise AN - 1030491602; 2012-071555 AB - Deep-sea hydrothermal plume particles are known to sequester seawater trace elements and influence ocean-scale biogeochemical budgets. The relative importance of biotic versus abiotic oxidation-reduction and other particle-forming reaction, however, and the mechanisms of seawater trace element sequestration remain unknown. Suspended particulate material was collected from a non-buoyant hydrothermal plume by in situ filtration at 9 degrees 50'N East Pacific Rise during a 3-day, 24 sample, time-series. Twenty-three samples were digested for total elemental analysis. One representative sample was selected for particle-by-particle geochemical analyses including elemental composition by X-ray fluorescence, speciation of Fe, S, and C by 1 s X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Consistent with past studies, positive linear correlations were observed for P, V, As, and Cr with Fe in the bulk chemistry. Arsenic was associated with both Fe oxyhydroxides and sulfides but not uniformly distributed among either mineral type. Particle aggregation was common. Aggregates were composed of minerals embedded in an organic matrix; the minerals ranged from 10 mu m in diameter. The speciation of major mineral forming elements (Fe, Mn, S) was complex. Over 20 different minerals were observed, nine of which were either unpredicted by thermodynamic modeling or had no close match in the thermodynamic database. Sulfur-bearing phases consisted of polysulfides (S (sub 6) , S (sub 8) ), and metal sulfides (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn). Four dominant species, Fe oxyhydroxide, Fe monosulfide, pyrrhotite, and pyrite, accounted for >80% of the Fe present. Particulate Mn was prevalent in both oxidized and reduced minerals. The organic matrix was: (1) always associated with minerals, (2) composed of biomolecules, and (3) rich in S. Possible sources of this S-rich organic matter include entrained near vent biomass and in situ production by S-oxidizing microorganisms. These results indicate that particle aggregation with organic material is prevalent in dispersing hydrothermal plume fluxes, as well as in sinking particulate matter at this site. Particle aggregation and organic coatings can influence the reactivity, transport, and residence time of hydrothermal particles in the water column. Thus a biogeochemical approach is critical to understanding the net effect of hydrothermal fluxes on ocean and sedimentary trace element budgets. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Breier, J A AU - Toner, B M AU - Fakra, S C AU - Marcus, M A AU - White, S N AU - Thurnherr, A M AU - German, C R Y1 - 2012/07/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jul 01 SP - 216 EP - 236 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 88 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - plumes KW - sea water KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - hydrothermal vents KW - mass spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - hydrothermal fields KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - biochemistry KW - hydrochemistry KW - X-ray spectra KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - Pacific Ocean KW - submarine environment KW - EXAFS data KW - sulfur KW - East Pacific Rise KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1030491602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Sulfur%2C+sulfides%2C+oxides+and+organic+matter+aggregated+in+submarine+hydrothermal+plumes+at+9+degrees+50%27N+East+Pacific+Rise&rft.au=Breier%2C+J+A%3BToner%2C+B+M%3BFakra%2C+S+C%3BMarcus%2C+M+A%3BWhite%2C+S+N%3BThurnherr%2C+A+M%3BGerman%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Breier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=&rft.spage=216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2012.04.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 123 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-02 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; chemical composition; crystal chemistry; East Pacific; East Pacific Rise; EXAFS data; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrothermal fields; hydrothermal vents; ICP mass spectra; isotopes; marine environment; mass spectra; metals; models; organic compounds; oxides; Pacific Ocean; phase equilibria; plumes; rare earths; sea water; spectra; submarine environment; sulfides; sulfur; thermodynamic properties; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.04.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy audit practices in China: national and local experiences and issues AN - 1019876762; 4301537 AB - China set an ambitious goal of reducing its energy use per unit of GDP by 20% between 2006 and 2010. Much of the country's effort is focused on improving the energy efficiency of the industrial sector, which consumes about two-thirds of China's primary energy. Industrial energy audits are an important part of China's efforts to improve its energy intensity. Such audits are employed to help enterprises identify energy-efficiency improvement opportunities and serve as a means to collect critical energy-consuming information. Information about energy audit practices in China is, however, little known to the outside world. This study combines a review of China's national policies and programs on energy auditing with information collected from surveying a variety of Chinese institutions involved in energy audits. A key goal of the study is to conduct a gap analysis to identify how current practices in China related to energy auditing differ from energy auditing practices found around the world. This article presents our findings on the study of China's energy auditing practices at the national and provincial levels. It discusses key issues related to the energy audits conducted in China and offers policy recommendations that draw upon international best practices. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Shen, Bo AU - Price, L AU - Lu, H. AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - Jul 2012 SP - 346 EP - 358 VL - 46 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Economics KW - Energy audit KW - Energy efficiency KW - Energy policy KW - Environmental improvement KW - Enterprises KW - Energy consumption KW - Industrial sector KW - China KW - Cross-national analysis KW - Auditing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1019876762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Energy+audit+practices+in+China%3A+national+and+local+experiences+and+issues&rft.au=Shen%2C+Bo%3BPrice%2C+L%3BLu%2C+H.&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2012.03.069 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4255 4276 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 4300; 4327 4313 4309; 4261 5574 10472; 6410; 1394 4937 7625; 3060 971; 93 116 30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.03.069 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis and decomposition of the energy intensity of California industries AN - 1019876728; 4301526 AB - In 2008, the gross domestic product (GDP) of California industry was larger than GDP of industry in any other U.S. states. This study analyses the energy use of and output from seventeen industry subsectors in California and performs decomposition analysis to assess the influence of different factors on California industry energy use. The logarithmic mean Divisia index method is used for the decomposition analysis. The decomposition analysis results show that the observed reduction of energy use in California industry since 2000 is the result of two main factors: the intensity effect and the structural effect. The intensity effect has started pushing final energy use downward in 2000 and has since amplified. The second large effect is the structural effect. The significant decrease of the energy-intensive ''Oil and Gas Extraction'' subsector's share of total industry value added, from 15% in 1997 to 5% in 2008, and the increase of the non-energy intensive ''Electric and electronic equipment manufacturing'' sector's share of value added, from 7% in 1997 to 30% in 2008, both contributed to a decrease in the energy intensity in the industry sector. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Hasanbeigi, A AU - Can, Stephane de la Rue du AU - Sathaye, J AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - Jul 2012 SP - 234 EP - 245 VL - 46 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Economics KW - Decomposition analysis KW - Energy intensity KW - California KW - Energy utilization KW - Economic analysis KW - Gross domestic product KW - U.S.A. KW - Statistical methods KW - Structural change KW - Industrial sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1019876728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Analysis+and+decomposition+of+the+energy+intensity+of+California+industries&rft.au=Hasanbeigi%2C+A%3BCan%2C+Stephane+de+la+Rue+du%3BSathaye%2C+J&rft.aulast=Hasanbeigi&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2012.03.056 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5627 8503 10242 3872 554 971; 4276 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 6410; 3883 971; 12228 10919; 12321 6585 6590; 433 293 14; 72 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.03.056 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Paleozoic origin of enzymatic lignin decomposition reconstructed from 31 fungal genomes AN - 1033537246; 2012-075372 AB - Wood is a major pool of organic carbon that is highly resistant to decay, owing largely to the presence of lignin. The only organisms capable of substantial lignin decay are white rot fungi in the Agaricomycetes, which also contains non-lignin-degrading brown rot and ectomycorrhizal species. Comparative analyses of 31 fungal genomes (12 generated for this study) suggest that lignin-degrading peroxidases expanded in the lineage leading to the ancestor of the Agaricomycetes, which is reconstructed as a white rot species, and then contracted in parallel lineages leading to brown rot and mycorrhizal species. Molecular clock analyses suggest that the origin of lignin degradation might have coincided with the sharp decrease in the rate of organic carbon burial around the end of the Carboniferous period. JF - Science AU - Floudas, Dimitrios AU - Binder, Manfred AU - Riley, Robert AU - Barry, Kerrie AU - Blanchette, Robert A AU - Henrissat, Bernard AU - Martinez, Angel T AU - Otillar, Robert AU - Spatafora, Joseph W AU - Yadav, Jagjit S AU - Aerts, Andrea AU - Benoit, Isabelle AU - Boyd, Alex AU - Carlson, Alexis AU - Copeland, Alex AU - Coutinho, Pedro M AU - de Vries, Ronald P AU - Ferreira, Patricia AU - Findley, Keisha AU - Foster, Brian AU - Gaskell, Jill AU - Glotzer, Dylan AU - Gorecki, Pawel AU - Heitman, Joseph AU - Hesse, Cedar AU - Hori, Chiaki AU - Igarashi, Kiyohiko AU - Jurgens, Joel A AU - Kallen, Nathan AU - Kersten, Phil AU - Kohler, Annegret AU - Kuees, Ursula AU - Kumar, T K Arun AU - Kuo, Alan AU - LaButti, Kurt AU - Larrondo, Luis F AU - Lindquist, Erika AU - Ling, Albee AU - Lombard, Vincent AU - Lucas, Susan AU - Lundell, Taina AU - Martin, Rachael AU - McLaughlin, David J AU - Morgenstern, Ingo AU - Morin, Emanuelle AU - Murat, Claude AU - Nagy, Laszlo G AU - Nolan, Matt AU - Ohm, Robin A AU - Patyshakuliyeva, Aleksandrina AU - Rokas, Antonis AU - Ruiz-Duenas, Francisco J AU - Sabat, Grzegorz AU - Salamov, Asaf AU - Samejima, Masahiro AU - Schmutz, Jeremy AU - Slot, Jason C AU - St John, Franz AU - Stenlid, Jan AU - Sun, Hui AU - Sun, Sheng AU - Syed, Khajamohiddin AU - Tsang, Adrian AU - Wiebenga, Ad AU - Young, Darcy AU - Pisabarro, Antonio AU - Eastwood, Daniel C AU - Martin, Francis AU - Cullen, Dan AU - Grigoriev, Igor V AU - Hibbett, David S Y1 - 2012/06/29/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jun 29 SP - 1715 EP - 1719 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 336 IS - 6089 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - degradation KW - Pennsylvanian KW - lignin KW - phylogeny KW - Paleozoic KW - biochemistry KW - Basidiomycota KW - Carboniferous KW - genome KW - enzymes KW - genetics KW - organic compounds KW - fungi KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - proteins KW - geochemistry KW - Agaricomycotina KW - species diversity KW - Agaricomycetes KW - 09:Paleobotany UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1033537246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=The+Paleozoic+origin+of+enzymatic+lignin+decomposition+reconstructed+from+31+fungal+genomes&rft.au=Floudas%2C+Dimitrios%3BBinder%2C+Manfred%3BRiley%2C+Robert%3BBarry%2C+Kerrie%3BBlanchette%2C+Robert+A%3BHenrissat%2C+Bernard%3BMartinez%2C+Angel+T%3BOtillar%2C+Robert%3BSpatafora%2C+Joseph+W%3BYadav%2C+Jagjit+S%3BAerts%2C+Andrea%3BBenoit%2C+Isabelle%3BBoyd%2C+Alex%3BCarlson%2C+Alexis%3BCopeland%2C+Alex%3BCoutinho%2C+Pedro+M%3Bde+Vries%2C+Ronald+P%3BFerreira%2C+Patricia%3BFindley%2C+Keisha%3BFoster%2C+Brian%3BGaskell%2C+Jill%3BGlotzer%2C+Dylan%3BGorecki%2C+Pawel%3BHeitman%2C+Joseph%3BHesse%2C+Cedar%3BHori%2C+Chiaki%3BIgarashi%2C+Kiyohiko%3BJurgens%2C+Joel+A%3BKallen%2C+Nathan%3BKersten%2C+Phil%3BKohler%2C+Annegret%3BKuees%2C+Ursula%3BKumar%2C+T+K+Arun%3BKuo%2C+Alan%3BLaButti%2C+Kurt%3BLarrondo%2C+Luis+F%3BLindquist%2C+Erika%3BLing%2C+Albee%3BLombard%2C+Vincent%3BLucas%2C+Susan%3BLundell%2C+Taina%3BMartin%2C+Rachael%3BMcLaughlin%2C+David+J%3BMorgenstern%2C+Ingo%3BMorin%2C+Emanuelle%3BMurat%2C+Claude%3BNagy%2C+Laszlo+G%3BNolan%2C+Matt%3BOhm%2C+Robin+A%3BPatyshakuliyeva%2C+Aleksandrina%3BRokas%2C+Antonis%3BRuiz-Duenas%2C+Francisco+J%3BSabat%2C+Grzegorz%3BSalamov%2C+Asaf%3BSamejima%2C+Masahiro%3BSchmutz%2C+Jeremy%3BSlot%2C+Jason+C%3BSt+John%2C+Franz%3BStenlid%2C+Jan%3BSun%2C+Hui%3BSun%2C+Sheng%3BSyed%2C+Khajamohiddin%3BTsang%2C+Adrian%3BWiebenga%2C+Ad%3BYoung%2C+Darcy%3BPisabarro%2C+Antonio%3BEastwood%2C+Daniel+C%3BMartin%2C+Francis%3BCullen%2C+Dan%3BGrigoriev%2C+Igor+V%3BHibbett%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Floudas&rft.aufirst=Dimitrios&rft.date=2012-06-29&rft.volume=336&rft.issue=6089&rft.spage=1715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1221748 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article; related article by Hittinger, C. T., on p. 1649-1650 N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-16 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agaricomycetes; Agaricomycotina; Basidiomycota; biochemistry; carbon; Carboniferous; degradation; enzymes; fungi; genetics; genome; geochemistry; lignin; organic carbon; organic compounds; Paleozoic; Pennsylvanian; phylogeny; proteins; species diversity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1221748 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The fate of ZnO nanoparticles administered to human bronchial epithelial cells. AN - 1022376862; 22646753 AB - A particular challenge for nanotoxicology is the evaluation of the biological fate and toxicity of nanomaterials that dissolve in aqueous fluids. Zinc oxide nanomaterials are of particular concern because dissolution leads to release of the toxic divalent zinc ion. Although zinc ions have been implicated in ZnO cytotoxicity, direct identification of the chemical form of zinc taken up by cells exposed to ZnO nanoparticles, and its intracellular fate, has not yet been achieved. We combined high resolution X-ray spectromicroscopy and high elemental sensitivity X-ray microprobe analyses to determine the fate of ZnO and less soluble iron-doped ZnO nanoparticles following exposure to cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B. We complemented two-dimensional X-ray imaging methods with atomic force microscopy of cell surfaces to distinguish between nanoparticles that were transported inside the cells from those that adhered to the cell exterior. The data suggest cellular uptake of ZnO nanoparticles is a mechanism of zinc accumulation in cells. Following uptake, ZnO nanoparticles dissolved completely generating intracellular Zn(2+) complexed by molecular ligands. These results corroborate a model for ZnO nanoparticle toxicity that is based on nanoparticle uptake followed by intracellular dissolution. JF - ACS nano AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Fakra, Sirine C AU - Xia, Tian AU - Pokhrel, Suman AU - Mädler, Lutz AU - Nel, André E AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. bgilbert@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/06/26/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jun 26 SP - 4921 EP - 4930 VL - 6 IS - 6 KW - Zinc Oxide KW - SOI2LOH54Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Materials Testing KW - Cell Line KW - Bronchi -- chemistry KW - Zinc Oxide -- toxicity KW - Endocytosis -- drug effects KW - Bronchi -- drug effects KW - Bronchi -- physiology KW - Zinc Oxide -- chemistry KW - Nanoparticles -- toxicity KW - Endocytosis -- physiology KW - Nanoparticles -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1022376862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=The+fate+of+ZnO+nanoparticles+administered+to+human+bronchial+epithelial+cells.&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BFakra%2C+Sirine+C%3BXia%2C+Tian%3BPokhrel%2C+Suman%3BM%C3%A4dler%2C+Lutz%3BNel%2C+Andr%C3%A9+E&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2012-06-26&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=4921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnn300425a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-11-07 N1 - Date created - 2012-06-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2006 Feb 1;47(2):140-5 [16423513] Science. 2006 Feb 3;311(5761):622-7 [16456071] Nano Lett. 2006 Aug;6(8):1794-807 [16895376] Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Jul 15;40(14):4374-81 [16903273] Crit Rev Toxicol. 2007 Mar;37(3):251-77 [17453934] Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Dec 15;41(24):8484-90 [18200883] J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2008 Feb 15;43(3):278-84 [18205059] J Struct Biol. 2008 Jun;162(3):380-6 [18387313] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008 Sep 12;374(1):28-32 [18606152] ACS Nano. 2008 Oct 28;2(10):2121-34 [19206459] Environ Pollut. 2009 Apr;157(4):1171-7 [19081167] J Biomed Opt. 2009 Mar-Apr;14(2):021015 [19405728] Nat Mater. 2009 Jul;8(7):543-57 [19525947] Geobiology. 2009 Dec;7(5):577-91 [19863594] Environ Pollut. 2010 Jan;158(1):41-7 [19800155] Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010 Jan;396(2):609-18 [19902187] ACS Nano. 2010 Jan 26;4(1):15-29 [20043640] Toxicol In Vitro. 2010 Feb;24(1):45-55 [19755143] Biomaterials. 2010 Apr;31(11):2999-3007 [20074795] Chem Res Toxicol. 2010 Apr 19;23(4):733-9 [20155942] Toxicol Lett. 2010 Sep 1;197(3):169-74 [20621582] Nature. 2010 Sep 23;467(7314):436-9 [20864997] Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Oct 1;44(19):7309-14 [20536146] J Microsc. 2010 Nov;240(2):111-21 [20946377] Toxicol Lett. 2010 Dec 15;199(3):389-97 [20934491] Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Jan 15;45(2):755-61 [21133426] Sci Total Environ. 2011 Mar 1;409(7):1219-28 [21255821] ACS Nano. 2011 Feb 22;5(2):1223-35 [21250651] J Hazard Mater. 2011 Sep 15;192(3):1565-71 [21775060] J Microsc. 2000 Jan;197(Pt 1):68-79 [10620150] Science. 2004 Mar 12;303(5664):1656-8 [15016997] J Synchrotron Radiat. 2004 May 1;11(Pt 3):239-47 [15103110] J Histochem Cytochem. 1983 Dec;31(12):1435-8 [6355290] Biophys J. 1994 Jul;67(1):36-41 [7919007] Q Rev Biophys. 1995 Feb;28(1):33-130 [7676009] Nat Mater. 2005 Jun;4(6):455-9 [15895100] Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Sep 1;39(17):6616-23 [16190219] Nano Lett. 2006 Apr;6(4):866-70 [16608300] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn300425a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How to overcome inter-electrode variability and instability to quantify dissolved oxygen, Fe(II), Mn(II), and S(-II) in undisturbed soils and sediments using voltammetry AN - 1832632503; 704147-1 AB - Although uniquely capable of measuring multiple redox constituents nearly simultaneously with no or minimal sample pretreatment, voltammetry is currently underutilized in characterizing redox conditions in aquatic and terrestrial systems. Investigation of undisturbed media such as pore water requires a solid-state electrode, and such electrodes can be difficult to fabricate reproducibly. An approach to determine the concentrations of electroactive constituents using indirectly calibrated electrodes has been developed, but the protocol for and accuracy of this approach-the pilot ion method-has not been documented in detail. A detailed procedure for testing electrode quality is provided, and the application and limitations of the pilot ion method have been documented. To quantify Fe(II) and Mn(II), subtraction of non-linear baseline functions from voltammetric signals produced better calibration curves than did linear baselines, enabled lower detection limits and reliable deconvolution of overlapping signals, and was successfully applied to sediment pore water signals. We observed that electrode sensitivities often vary by tens of percent, and that the sensitivity declines over time. The ratio of calibration slopes of Mn(II) to Fe(II) varied by no more than 11% from one Hg/Au electrode to another and Fe(II) concentrations predicted by the Mn(II) pilot ion were, on average, 13% different from their actual values. However, concentration predictions by the pilot ion method were worse for less than 15M Fe(II) (46% different on average). The ratio of calibration slopes of Mn(II) to S(?II) varied by almost 20% from one Hg/Au electrode to another, and S(?II) predicted concentrations were as much as 58% different from their actual values. These predictions of Fe(II) and S(?II) concentrations indicate that the accuracy of the pilot ion method depends on how independent calibration slope ratios are from the electrode used. At medium-to-high concentration for the ocean, naturally derived dissolved organic carbon did not significantly affect the baseline-corrected electrode response of Mn(II) and Fe(II), but did significantly affect the response of S(?II). Despite their intrinsic variability, Hg/Au electrodes fabricated by hand can be used to quantify O2, S(?II), Fe(II), and Mn(II) without calibrating every electrode for every constituent of interest. The pilot ion method can achieve accuracies to within 20% or less, provided that the underlying principle-the independence of slope ratios-is demonstrated for all voltammetric techniques used, and effects of the physicochemical properties of the system on voltammetric signals are addressed through baseline subtraction. JF - Geochemical Transactions AU - Slowey, Aaron J AU - Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark Y1 - 2012/06/25/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jun 25 SP - 20 PB - Springer for Royal Society of Chemistry, London VL - 13 IS - 6 SN - 1467-4866, 1467-4866 KW - soils KW - electrodes KW - oxygen KW - voltammetry KW - physicochemical properties KW - solutes KW - manganese KW - electrochemical properties KW - iron KW - measurement KW - ferric iron KW - quantitative analysis KW - dissolved oxygen KW - metals KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - sulfur KW - organic carbon KW - Eh KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832632503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemical+Transactions&rft.atitle=How+to+overcome+inter-electrode+variability+and+instability+to+quantify+dissolved+oxygen%2C+Fe%28II%29%2C+Mn%28II%29%2C+and+S%28-II%29+in+undisturbed+soils+and+sediments+using+voltammetry&rft.au=Slowey%2C+Aaron+J%3BMarvin-DiPasquale%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Slowey&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=2012-06-25&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemical+Transactions&rft.issn=14674866&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1467-4866-13-6 L2 - http://www.geochemicaltransactions.com/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; dissolved oxygen; Eh; electrochemical properties; electrodes; ferric iron; iron; manganese; measurement; metals; organic carbon; oxygen; physicochemical properties; quantitative analysis; sediments; soils; solutes; sulfur; voltammetry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1467-4866-13-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Luminous satellites. ii. spatial distribution, luminosity function, and cosmic evolution AN - 1143514817; 649541-22 AB - We infer the normalization and the radial and angular distributions of the number density of satellites of massive galaxies (log (sub 10) [M* (sub h) /M (sub �) ] > 10.5) between redshifts 0.1 and 0.8 as a function of host stellar mass, redshift, morphology, and satellite luminosity. Exploiting the depth and resolution of the COSMOS Hubble Space Telescope images, we detect satellites up to 8 mag fainter than the host galaxies and as close as 0.3 (1.4) arcsec (kpc). Describing the number density profile of satellite galaxies to be a projected power law such that (sub IMG .../ (super , we find gamma (sub p) = -1.1 + or - 0.3. We find no dependency of gamma (sub p) on host stellar mass, redshift, morphology, or satellite luminosity. Satellites of early-type hosts have angular distributions that are more flattened than the host light profile and are aligned with its major axis. No significant average alignment is detected for satellites of late-type hosts. The number of satellites within a fixed magnitude contrast from a host galaxy is dependent on its stellar mass, with more massive galaxies hosting significantly more satellites. Furthermore, high-mass late-type hosts have significantly fewer satellites than early-type galaxies of the same stellar mass, possibly indicating that they reside in more massive halos. No significant evolution in the number of satellites per host is detected. The cumulative luminosity function of satellites is qualitatively in good agreement with that predicted using SubHalo Abundance Matching techniques. However, there are significant residual discrepancies in the absolute normalization, suggesting that properties other than the host galaxy luminosity or stellar mass determine the number of satellites. Copyright (Copyright) 2012. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. JF - The = Astrophysical Journal AU - Nierenberg, A M AU - Auger, M W AU - Treu, T AU - Marshall, P J AU - Fassnacht, C D AU - Busha, Michael T Y1 - 2012/06/20/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jun 20 PB - University of Chicago Press for the American Astronomical Society, Chicago, IL VL - 752 IS - 2 SN - 0004-637X, 0004-637X UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1143514817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+%3D+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=Luminous+satellites.+ii.+spatial+distribution%2C+luminosity+function%2C+and+cosmic+evolution&rft.au=Nierenberg%2C+A+M%3BAuger%2C+M+W%3BTreu%2C+T%3BMarshall%2C+P+J%3BFassnacht%2C+C+D%3BBusha%2C+Michael+T&rft.aulast=Nierenberg&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-06-20&rft.volume=752&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=99+%2819pp%29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+%3D+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.issn=0004637X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F752%2F2%2F99 L2 - http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by IOP Publishing Ltd., London, United Kingdom N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/752/2/99 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implicit particle filtering for models with partial noise, and an application to geomagnetic data assimilation AN - 1032894276; 16973978 AB - Implicit particle filtering is a sequential Monte Carlo method for data assimilation, designed to keep the number of particles manageable by focussing attention on regions of large probability. These regions are found by minimizing, for each particle, a scalar function F of the state variables. Some previous implementations of the implicit filter rely on finding the Hessians of these functions. The calculation of the Hessians can be cumbersome if the state dimension is large or if the underlying physics are such that derivatives of F are difficult to calculate, as happens in many geophysical applications, in particular in models with partial noise, i.e. with a singular state covariance matrix. Examples of models with partial noise include models where uncertain dynamic equations are supplemented by conservation laws with zero uncertainty, or with higher order (in time) stochastic partial differential equations (PDE) or with PDEs driven by spatially smooth noise processes. We make the implicit particle filter applicable to such situations by combining gradient descent minimization with random maps and show that the filter is efficient, accurate and reliable because it operates in a subspace of the state space. As an example, we consider a system of nonlinear stochastic PDEs that is of importance in geomagnetic data assimilation. JF - Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics AU - Morzfeld, M AU - Chorin, A J AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2012/06/19/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jun 19 SP - 365 EP - 382 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1023-5809, 1023-5809 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Data collection KW - Mathematical models KW - Acoustic waves KW - Noise levels KW - Statistical analysis KW - Monte Carlo method KW - Particulates KW - Data assimilation KW - Differential equations KW - Filters KW - Geomagnetic data KW - Conservation KW - Noise pollution KW - Geophysics KW - Modelling KW - P 7000:NOISE KW - Q2 09123:Conservation KW - M2 550.38:Geomagnetism (550.38) KW - O 3090:Instruments/Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1032894276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nonlinear+Processes+in+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Implicit+particle+filtering+for+models+with+partial+noise%2C+and+an+application+to+geomagnetic+data+assimilation&rft.au=Morzfeld%2C+M%3BChorin%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Morzfeld&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2012-06-19&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nonlinear+Processes+in+Geophysics&rft.issn=10235809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Statistical analysis; Geophysics; Modelling; Differential equations; Acoustic waves; Geomagnetic data; Conservation; Monte Carlo method; Noise pollution; Data assimilation; Monte Carlo simulation; Filters; Data collection; Noise levels; Particulates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for end-Permian ocean acidification from calcium isotopes in biogenic apatite AN - 1026862351; 2012-065512 AB - End-Permian (ca. 252 Ma) carbon isotope, paleobiological, and sedimentary data suggest that changes in ocean carbonate chemistry were directly linked to the mass extinction of marine organisms. Calcium isotopes provide a geochemical means to constrain the nature of these changes. The delta (super 44) / (super 40) Ca of carbonate rocks from southern China exhibits a negative excursion across the end-Permian extinction horizon, consistent with either a negative shift in the delta (super 44) / (super 40) Ca of seawater or a change in the calcite/aragonite ratio of carbonate sediments at the time of deposition. To test between these possibilities, we measured the delta (super 44) / (super 40) Ca of hydroxyapatite conodont microfossils from the global stratotype section and point (GSSP) for the Permian-Triassic boundary at Meishan, China. The conodont delta (super 44) / (super 40) Ca record shows a negative excursion similar in stratigraphic position and magnitude to that previously observed in carbonate rocks. Parallel negative excursions in the delta (super 44) / (super 40) Ca of carbonate rocks and conodont microfossils cannot be accounted for by a change in carbonate mineralogy, but are consistent with a negative shift in the delta (super 44) / (super 40) Ca of seawater. Such a shift is best accounted for by an episode of ocean acidification, pointing toward strong similarities between the greatest catastrophe in the history of animal life and anticipated global change during the twenty-first century. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Hinojosa, Jessica L AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Chen, Jun AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Paytan, Adina AU - Shen, Shuzhong AU - Payne, Jonathan L Y1 - 2012/06/08/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jun 08 SP - 743 EP - 746 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 40 IS - 8 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - calcium KW - Far East KW - isotopes KW - Meishan China KW - paleo-oceanography KW - stable isotopes KW - paleoecology KW - Lower Triassic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Triassic KW - Permian-Triassic boundary KW - stratotypes KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - China KW - biomineralization KW - apatite KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Conodonta KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - phosphates KW - Permian KW - Mesozoic KW - Upper Permian KW - Ca-44/Ca-40 KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - acidification KW - stratigraphic boundary KW - mass extinctions KW - carbonate rocks KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1026862351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+end-Permian+ocean+acidification+from+calcium+isotopes+in+biogenic+apatite&rft.au=Hinojosa%2C+Jessica+L%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BChen%2C+Jun%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BPaytan%2C+Adina%3BShen%2C+Shuzhong%3BPayne%2C+Jonathan+L&rft.aulast=Hinojosa&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.date=2012-06-08&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG33048.1 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - With GSA Data Repository Item 2012204; accessed on July 2, 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-16 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; alkaline earth metals; apatite; Asia; biogenic processes; biomineralization; Ca-44/Ca-40; calcium; carbonate rocks; China; Conodonta; Far East; geochemistry; isotope ratios; isotopes; Lower Triassic; marine environment; mass extinctions; Meishan China; Mesozoic; metals; microfossils; paleo-oceanography; paleoecology; Paleozoic; Permian; Permian-Triassic boundary; phosphates; sedimentary rocks; stable isotopes; stratigraphic boundary; stratotypes; Triassic; Upper Permian DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G33048.1 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Microbial Communities in Restored Freshwater Wetlands T2 - 9th INTECOL International Wetlands Conference AN - 1313091703; 6162264 JF - 9th INTECOL International Wetlands Conference AU - Tringe, Susannah AU - i He, Shaomei AU - Waldrop, Mark AU - Windham-Myers, Lisamarie Y1 - 2012/06/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jun 03 KW - Wetlands KW - Microbial activity KW - Freshwater environments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313091703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=9th+INTECOL+International+Wetlands+Conference&rft.atitle=Microbial+Communities+in+Restored+Freshwater+Wetlands&rft.au=Tringe%2C+Susannah%3Bi+He%2C+Shaomei%3BWaldrop%2C+Mark%3BWindham-Myers%2C+Lisamarie&rft.aulast=Tringe&rft.aufirst=Susannah&rft.date=2012-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=9th+INTECOL+International+Wetlands+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.conference.ifas.ufl.edu/INTECOL/Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An adaptive mesh refinement algorithm for compressible two-phase flow in porous media AN - 1832617167; 641043-4 AB - We describe a second-order accurate sequential algorithm for solving two-phase multicomponent flow in porous media. The algorithm incorporates an unsplit second-order Godunov scheme that provides accurate resolution of sharp fronts. The method is implemented within a block structured adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) framework that allows grids to dynamically adapt to features of the flow and enables efficient parallelization of the algorithm. We demonstrate the second-order convergence rate of the algorithm and the accuracy of the AMR solutions compared to uniform fine-grid solutions. The algorithm is then used to simulate the leakage of gas from a Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) storage cavern, demonstrating its capability to capture complex behavior of the resulting flow. We further examine differences resulting from using different relative permeability functions. Copyright 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. and 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. (outside the USA) JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Pau, George Shu Heng AU - Bell, John B AU - Almgren, Ann S AU - Fagnan, Kirsten M AU - Lijewski, Michael J Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - June 2012 SP - 577 EP - 592 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832617167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=An+adaptive+mesh+refinement+algorithm+for+compressible+two-phase+flow+in+porous+media&rft.au=Pau%2C+George+Shu+Heng%3BBell%2C+John+B%3BAlmgren%2C+Ann+S%3BFagnan%2C+Kirsten+M%3BLijewski%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Pau&rft.aufirst=George+Shu&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-011-9270-2 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-011-9270-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The geomechanics of CO (sub 2) storage in deep sedimentary formations AN - 1832583852; 705728-3 AB - This paper provides a review of the geomechanics and modeling of geomechanics associated with geologic carbon storage (GCS), focusing on storage in deep sedimentary formations, in particular saline aquifers. The paper first introduces the concept of storage in deep sedimentary formations, the geomechanical processes and issues related with such an operation, and the relevant geomechanical modeling tools. This is followed by a more detailed review of geomechanical aspects, including reservoir stress-strain and microseismicity, well integrity, caprock sealing performance, and the potential for fault reactivation and notable (felt) seismic events. Geomechanical observations at current GCS field deployments, mainly at the In Salah CO (sub 2) storage project in Algeria, are also integrated into the review. The In Salah project, with its injection into a relatively thin, low-permeability sandstone is an excellent analogue to the saline aquifers that might be used for large scale GCS in parts of Northwest Europe, the U.S. Midwest, and China. Some of the lessons learned at In Salah related to geomechanics are discussed, including how monitoring of geomechanical responses is used for detecting subsurface geomechanical changes and tracking fluid movements, and how such monitoring and geomechanical analyses have led to preventative changes in the injection parameters. Recently, the importance of geomechanics has become more widely recognized among GCS stakeholders, especially with respect to the potential for triggering notable (felt) seismic events and how such events could impact the long-term integrity of a CO (sub 2) repository (as well as how it could impact the public perception of GCS). As described in the paper, to date, no notable seismic event has been reported from any of the current CO (sub 2) storage projects, although some unfelt microseismic activities have been detected by geophones. However, potential future commercial GCS operations from large power plants will require injection at a much larger scale. For such large-scale injections, a staged, learn-as-you-go approach is recommended, involving a gradual increase of injection rates combined with continuous monitoring of geomechanical changes, as well as siting beneath a multiple layered overburden for multiple flow barrier protection, should an unexpected deep fault reactivation occur. Copyright 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. and The Author(s) JF - Geotechnical and Geological Engineering AU - Rutqvist, Jonny Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - June 2012 SP - 525 EP - 551 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0960-3182, 0960-3182 KW - United States KW - deep aquifers KW - Far East KW - strain KW - North Africa KW - sandstone KW - In Salah project KW - gas storage KW - Europe KW - salinity KW - simulation KW - rock mechanics KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - fractures KW - fluid injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - seismicity KW - Asia KW - faults KW - China KW - sealing KW - carbon sequestration KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - stress KW - aquifers KW - gas injection KW - Krechba Field KW - cap rocks KW - Africa KW - reservoir properties KW - clastic rocks KW - Algeria KW - review KW - permeability KW - Midwest KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832583852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotechnical+and+Geological+Engineering&rft.atitle=The+geomechanics+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+in+deep+sedimentary+formations&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+Jonny&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=Jonny&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotechnical+and+Geological+Engineering&rft.issn=09603182&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10706-011-9491-0 L2 - http://link.springer.com/journal/10706 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Number of references - 159 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Algeria; aquifers; Asia; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; China; clastic rocks; deep aquifers; Europe; Far East; faults; fluid injection; fractures; gas injection; gas storage; ground water; In Salah project; Krechba Field; Midwest; North Africa; numerical models; permeability; reservoir properties; review; rock mechanics; salinity; sandstone; sealing; sedimentary rocks; seismicity; simulation; strain; stress; United States; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10706-011-9491-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy and air emission implications of a decentralized wastewater system AN - 1705071454; PQ0001812547 AB - Both centralized and decentralized wastewater systems have distinct engineering, financial and societal benefits. This paper presents a framework for analyzing the environmental effects of decentralized wastewater systems and an evaluation of the environmental impacts associated with two currently operating systems in California, one centralized and one decentralized. A comparison of energy use, greenhouse gas emissions and criteria air pollutants from the systems shows that the scale economies of the centralized plant help lower the environmental burden to less than a fifth of that of the decentralized utility for the same volume treated. The energy and emission burdens of the decentralized plant are reduced when accounting for high-yield wastewater reuse if it supplants an energy-intensive water supply like a desalination one. The centralized facility also reduces greenhouse gases by flaring methane generated during the treatment process, while methane is directly emitted from the decentralized system. The results are compelling enough to indicate that the life-cycle environmental impacts of decentralized designs should be carefully evaluated as part of the design process. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Shehabi, Arman AU - Stokes, Jennifer R AU - Horvath, Arpad AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, ashehabi@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - June 2012 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - life-cycle assessment KW - decentralized wastewater treatment KW - greenhouse gases KW - Environmental Effects KW - Water Reuse KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Climate change KW - Gas flaring KW - Wastewater reuse KW - Desalination KW - Water supplies KW - Environmental factors KW - Utilities KW - Evaluation KW - Engineering KW - Pollutants KW - INE, USA, California KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - Methane KW - Environmental impact KW - Emission control KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Energy consumption KW - Accounting KW - Water supply KW - Air pollution KW - Energy KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Wastewater KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705071454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Energy+and+air+emission+implications+of+a+decentralized+wastewater+system&rft.au=Shehabi%2C+Arman%3BStokes%2C+Jennifer+R%3BHorvath%2C+Arpad&rft.aulast=Shehabi&rft.aufirst=Arman&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F7%2F2%2F024007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Methane; Pollutants; Gas flaring; Climate change; Environmental impact; Greenhouse effect; Environmental factors; Water supply; Life cycle analysis; Desalination; Wastewater reuse; Emission control; Energy consumption; Water supplies; Energy; Economics; Emissions; Greenhouse gases; Wastewater; Evaluation; Environmental Effects; Water Reuse; Engineering; Accounting; Utilities; INE, USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/2/024007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Poroelastic response of orthotropic fractured porous media AN - 1641010961; 2015-001304 AB - An algorithm is presented for inverting either laboratory or field poroelastic data for all the drained constants of an anisotropic (specifically orthotropic) fractured poroelastic system. While fractures normally weaken the system by increasing the mechanical compliance, any liquids present in these fractures are expected to increase the stiffness somewhat, thus negating to some extent the mechanical weakening influence of the fractures themselves. The analysis presented in this article quantifies these effects and shows that the key physical variable needed to account for the pore-fluid effects is a factor of (1 - B), where B is Skempton's second coefficient and satisfies 0 < or = B < 1. This scalar factor uniformly reduces the increase in compliance due to the presence of communicating fractures, thereby stiffening the fractured composite medium by a predictable amount. One further aim of the discussion is to determine the number of the poroelastic constants that needs to be known by other means to determine the rest from remote measurements, such as seismic wave propagation data in the field. Quantitative examples arising in the analysis show that, if the fracture aspect ratio a (sub f) congruent to 0.1 and the pore fluid is liquid water, then for several cases considered, Skempton's B congruent to 0.9, and so the stiffening effect of the pore-liquid reduces the change in compliance due to the fractures by a factor 1=B congruent to 0.1, in these examples. The results do, however, depend on the actual moduli of the unfractured elastic material, as well as on the pore-liquid bulk modulus, so these quantitative predictions are just examples, and should not be treated as universal results. Attention is also given to two previously unremarked poroelastic identities, both being useful variants of Gassmann's equations for homogeneous-but anisotropic-poroelasticity. Relationships to Skempton's analysis of saturated soils are also noted. The article concludes with a discussion of alternative methods of analyzing and quantifying fluid-substitution behavior in poroelastic systems, especially for those systems having heterogeneous constitution. Copyright 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Berryman, James G Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - June 2012 SP - 293 EP - 307 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 93 IS - 2 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - fractured materials KW - soil mechanics KW - anisotropic materials KW - elasticity KW - poroelasticity KW - stiffness KW - Gassmann's equation KW - porous materials KW - mechanical properties KW - elastic constants KW - bulk modulus KW - orthotropic materials KW - rock mechanics KW - fractures KW - heterogeneous materials KW - saturation KW - mechanical weakening KW - interfaces KW - algorithms KW - pore water KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1641010961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Poroelastic+response+of+orthotropic+fractured+porous+media&rft.au=Berryman%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Berryman&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-011-9922-7 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 4th European conference on Computational mechanics, Session on Experiments, theory, and numerical modeling of waves in heterogeneous porous media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; anisotropic materials; bulk modulus; elastic constants; elasticity; fractured materials; fractures; Gassmann's equation; heterogeneous materials; interfaces; mechanical properties; mechanical weakening; orthotropic materials; pore water; poroelasticity; porous materials; rock mechanics; saturation; soil mechanics; stiffness DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-011-9922-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-consistent ion-by-ion growth model for kinetic isotopic fractionation during calcite precipitation AN - 1037238389; 2012-078480 AB - Microscopic mechanisms operating at the mineral-aqueous interface control rates of growth and dissolution, isotope fractionation and trace element partitioning during crystal growth. Despite the importance of characterizing surface kinetic controls on isotopic partitioning, no self-consistent microscopic theory has yet been presented which can simultaneously model both mineral growth rate and isotopic composition. Using a kinetic theory for AB or di-ionic crystal growth, we derive a model to predict precipitation rate and isotope fractionation as a function of growth solution oversaturation and solution stoichiometry and apply the theory to calcium isotope fractionation during calcite precipitation. Our model assimilates the current understanding of surface controlled isotope fractionation with kinetic theories of ion-by-ion mineral growth to predict isotopic partitioning during the growth of ionic crystals. This approach accounts for the effect of solution composition on microscopic mineral surface structure and composition, providing numerous testable hypotheses for growth of sparingly soluble AB crystals such as calcite, namely: (1) Both oversaturation and solution stoichiometry control growth rate and partitioning of isotopes during precipitation; (2) for growth driven primarily by step propagation, distinct expressions describe dislocation- and 2D nucleation-driven growth rates, while the expression for isotope fractionation is the same for both mechanisms; (3) mineral precipitation occurring via the formation of an amorphous precursor will generate isotope effects that are not compatible with ion-by-ion growth theory and may therefore be excluded from comparison; and, (4) the absolute kinetic limit of isotope fractionation may not be accessible at high oversaturation due to the formation of amorphous precursors. Using calcite as a model system, we derive expressions for growth rate and isotopic fractionation as a function of oversaturation and Ca (super 2+) :CO (sub 3) (super 2-) in solution. Increasing oversaturation increases mineral growth rate and drives isotope partitioning towards the kinetic limit, while increasing the concentration of Ca (super 2+) relative to CO (sub 3) (super 2-) at a given oversaturation tends to drive crystal growth towards isotopic equilibrium. These competing effects attenuate the magnitude of isotope fractionations observable in terrestrial environments. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Nielsen, Laura C AU - DePaolo, D J AU - De Yoreo, J J Y1 - 2012/06/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jun 01 SP - 166 EP - 181 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 86 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - calcium KW - isotope fractionation KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - crystal growth KW - stable isotopes KW - partitioning KW - carbon KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - stoichiometry KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - PHREEQC KW - alkaline earth metals KW - isotope ratios KW - calcite KW - models KW - Ca-44/Ca-40 KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1037238389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Self-consistent+ion-by-ion+growth+model+for+kinetic+isotopic+fractionation+during+calcite+precipitation&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+Laura+C%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Nielsen&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2012.02.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-31 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; Ca-44/Ca-40; calcite; calcium; carbon; carbonates; chemical composition; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; geochemistry; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; mathematical methods; metals; models; oxygen; partitioning; PHREEQC; precipitation; saturation; stable isotopes; stoichiometry; trace elements DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.02.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical analysis of contaminant removal from fractured rock during boiling AN - 1028023672; 16816808 AB - A multiphase heat transfer numerical model is used to simulate a laboratory experiment of contaminant removal at boiling temperatures from a rock core representing the matrix adjacent to a fracture. The simulated temperature, condensate production, contaminant and bromide concentrations are similar to experimental data. A key observation from the experiment and simulation is that boiling out approximately 1/2 pore volume (50mL) of water results in the removal of essentially 100% of the dissolved volatile contaminant (1,2-DCA). A field-scale simulation using the multiple interacting continua (MINC) discretization approach is conducted to illustrate possible applications of thermal remediation of fractured geologic media, assuming uniform heating. The results show that after 28% of the pore water (including both steam vapor and liquid water) was extracted, and essentially all the 1,2-DCA mass (more than 99%) was removed. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Chen, Fei AU - Falta, Ronald W AU - Murdoch, Lawrence C AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States, fei.chen@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - Jun 2012 SP - 12 EP - 21 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 134-135 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fractured rock KW - Chlorinated volatile organic compound (CVOC) KW - Thermal remediation KW - TMVOC KW - MINC KW - Pore water KW - Bioremediation KW - Numerical analysis KW - Vapors KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Numerical models KW - Pollutants KW - Bromides KW - Hydrology KW - Geology KW - Laboratory experiments KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Experimental Data KW - Pollutant removal KW - Mathematical models KW - Laboratories KW - Temperature KW - Fractures KW - Simulation KW - Heat transfer KW - Numerical Analysis KW - Heating KW - Numerical simulations KW - Remediation KW - heat transfer KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1028023672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Numerical+analysis+of+contaminant+removal+from+fractured+rock+during+boiling&rft.au=Chen%2C+Fei%3BFalta%2C+Ronald+W%3BMurdoch%2C+Lawrence+C&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Fei&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=134-135&rft.issue=&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2012.04.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Numerical analysis; Mathematical models; Bromides; Remediation; Fractures; Hydrology; Heat transfer; Numerical models; Numerical simulations; Laboratory experiments; Pore water; Pollutant removal; Vapors; Bioremediation; Temperature; heat transfer; Simulation; Geology; Numerical Analysis; Experimental Data; Geologic Fractures; Hydrologic Models; Heating; Pollutants; Laboratories DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.04.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Protein Structure Initiative Structural Biology Knowledgebase Technology Portal: a structural biology web resource AN - 1024661229; 16839085 AB - The Technology Portal of the Protein Structure Initiative Structural Biology Knowledgebase (PSI SBKB; http://technology.sbkb.org/portal/) is a web resource providing information about methods and tools that can be used to relieve bottlenecks in many areas of protein production and structural biology research. Several useful features are available on the web site, including multiple ways to search the database of over 250 technological advances, a link to videos of methods on YouTube, and access to a technology forum where scientists can connect, ask questions, get news, and develop collaborations. The Technology Portal is a component of the PSI SBKB (http://sbkb.org), which presents integrated genomic, structural, and functional information for all protein sequence targets selected by the Protein Structure Initiative. Created in collaboration with the Nature Publishing Group, the SBKB offers an array of resources for structural biologists, such as a research library, editorials about new research advances, a featured biological system each month, and a functional sleuth for searching protein structures of unknown function. An overview of the various features and examples of user searches highlight the information, tools, and avenues for scientific interaction available through the Technology Portal. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Gifford, Lida K AU - Carter, Lester G AU - Gabanyi, Margaret J AU - Berman, Helen M AU - Adams, Paul D AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 64R0121, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, pdadams@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - Jun 2012 SP - 57 EP - 62 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Amino acid sequence KW - Databases KW - Internet KW - Protein structure KW - Reviews KW - Structure-function relationships KW - genomics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications KW - G 07700:Molecular Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1024661229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=The+Protein+Structure+Initiative+Structural+Biology+Knowledgebase+Technology+Portal%3A+a+structural+biology+web+resource&rft.au=Gifford%2C+Lida+K%3BCarter%2C+Lester+G%3BGabanyi%2C+Margaret+J%3BBerman%2C+Helen+M%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D&rft.aulast=Gifford&rft.aufirst=Lida&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10969-012-9133-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein structure; Databases; Structure-function relationships; Reviews; genomics; Internet; Amino acid sequence DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10969-012-9133-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cost-effectiveness of high-efficiency appliances in the US residential sector: a case study AN - 1013742230; 4293561 AB - This paper presents an analysis of the cost-effectiveness of high-efficiency appliances in the U.S. residential sector using cost and efficiency data developed as part of the regulatory process of the U.S. Department of Energy's Appliances and Commercial Equipment Standards Program. These data are presented as a case study in the development of an 'efficiency technology database' which can be expanded and published as a resource to other researchers and policy makers seeking scenarios that optimize efficiency policies and forecast their likely impacts on energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. The use of this data to evaluate cost-effectiveness according to a variety of metrics is demonstrated using the example of one refrigerator-freezer product class. Cost-effectiveness is then evaluated in terms of cost of conserved energy for refrigerators, room air conditioners, water heaters, cooking equipment, central air conditioners and gas furnaces. The resulting potential of cost-effective improvement ranges from 1% to 53% of energy savings, with a typical potential of 15-20%. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - McNeil, Michael A AU - Bojda, N AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - Jun 2012 SP - 33 EP - 42 VL - 45 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Economics KW - Household appliances KW - Energy efficiency KW - Cost-effectiveness KW - Case studies KW - Energy conservation KW - Household consumption KW - Energy costs KW - Energy consumption KW - U.S.A. KW - Carbon emissions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1013742230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Cost-effectiveness+of+high-efficiency+appliances+in+the+US+residential+sector%3A+a+case+study&rft.au=McNeil%2C+Michael+A%3BBojda%2C+N&rft.aulast=McNeil&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2011.12.050 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2933 2920 971 2934 3883; 4255 4276 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 4251 2934; Carbon emissions; 2056 10902; 4248 10956 2729; 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 6032 2805 3872 554 971; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.12.050 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential energy savings and CO2 emissions reduction of China's cement industry AN - 1013741136; 4293632 AB - This study analyzes current energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission trends in China's cement industry as the basis for modeling different levels of cement production and rates of efficiency improvement and carbon reduction in 2011-2030. Three cement output projections are developed based on analyses of historical production and physical and macroeconomic drivers. For each of these three production projections, energy savings and CO2 emission reduction potentials are estimated in a best practice scenario and two continuous improvement scenarios relative to a frozen scenario. The results reveal the potential for cumulative final energy savings of 27.1 to 37.5 exajoules and energy-related direct emission reductions of 3.2 to 4.4 gigatonnes in 2011-2030 under the best practice scenarios. The continuous improvement scenarios produce cumulative final energy savings of 6.0 to 18.9 exajoules and reduce CO2 emissions by 1.0 to 2.4 gigatonnes. This analysis highlights that increasing energy efficiency is the most important policy measure for reducing the cement industry's energy and emissions intensity, given the current state of the industry and the unlikelihood of significant carbon capture and storage before 2030. In addition, policies to reduce total cement production offer the most direct way of reducing total energy consumption and CO2 emissions. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Ke, Jing AU - Zheng, N AU - Fridley, D AU - Price, L AU - Zhou, N AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - Jun 2012 SP - 739 EP - 751 VL - 45 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Economics KW - Emissions reduction KW - Energy efficiency KW - Energy policy KW - Production costs KW - Cement industry KW - Industrial pollution KW - Environmental policy KW - China KW - Carbon emissions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1013741136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Potential+energy+savings+and+CO2+emissions+reduction+of+China%27s+cement+industry&rft.au=Ke%2C+Jing%3BZheng%2C+N%3BFridley%2C+D%3BPrice%2C+L%3BZhou%2C+N&rft.aulast=Ke&rft.aufirst=Jing&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2012.03.036 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2102 6431; 4255 4276 4249 2805 3872 554 971; Carbon emissions; 4261 5574 10472; 4336 5574 10472; 6392 9818; 10251 2934; 93 116 30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.03.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SnS2 nanoparticle loaded graphene nanocomposites for superior energy storage. AN - 1751672153; 22495542 AB - SnS2 nanoparticle-loaded graphene nanocomposites were synthesized via one-step hydrothermal reaction. Their electrochemical performance was evaluated as the anode for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries after thermal treatment in an Ar environment. The electrochemical testing results show a high reversible capacity of more than 800 mA h g(-1) at 0.1 C rate and 200 mA h g(-1) for up to 5 C rate. The cells also exhibit excellent capacity retention for up to 90 cycles even at a high rate of 2 C. This electrochemical behavior can be attributed to the well-defined morphology and nanostructures of these as-synthesized nanocomposites, which is characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. JF - Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP AU - Ji, Liwen AU - Xin, Huolin L AU - Kuykendall, Tevye R AU - Wu, Shao-Ling AU - Zheng, Haimei AU - Rao, Mumin AU - Cairns, Elton J AU - Battaglia, Vincent AU - Zhang, Yuegang AD - The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. yzhang5@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2012/05/21/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 May 21 SP - 6981 EP - 6986 VL - 14 IS - 19 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1751672153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.atitle=SnS2+nanoparticle+loaded+graphene+nanocomposites+for+superior+energy+storage.&rft.au=Ji%2C+Liwen%3BXin%2C+Huolin+L%3BKuykendall%2C+Tevye+R%3BWu%2C+Shao-Ling%3BZheng%2C+Haimei%3BRao%2C+Mumin%3BCairns%2C+Elton+J%3BBattaglia%2C+Vincent%3BZhang%2C+Yuegang&rft.aulast=Ji&rft.aufirst=Liwen&rft.date=2012-05-21&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=6981&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.issn=1463-9084&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2cp40790f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-30 N1 - Date created - 2015-12-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2cp40790f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data network equipment energy use and savings potential in buildings AN - 968180963; 16471844 AB - Network connectivity has become nearly ubiquitous, and the energy use of the equipment required for this connectivity is growing. Network equipment consists of devices that primarily switch and route Internet Protocol (IP) packets from a source to a destination, and this category specifically excludes edge devices like PCs, servers and other sources, and sinks of IP traffic. This paper presents the results of a study of network equipment energy use and includes case studies of networks in a campus, a medium commercial building, and a typical home. The total energy use of network equipment is the product of the stock of equipment in use, the power of each device, and their usage patterns. This information was gathered from market research reports, broadband market penetration studies, field metering, and interviews with network administrators and service providers. We estimate that network equipment in the USA used 18 TWh, or about 1% of building electricity, in 2008 and that consumption is expected to grow at roughly 6% per year to 23 TWh in 2012; world usage in 2008 was 51 TWh. This study shows that office building network switches and residential equipment are the two largest categories of energy use consuming 40% and 30% of the total respectively. We estimate potential energy savings for different scenarios using forecasts of equipment stock and energy use, and savings estimates range from 20% to 50% based on full market penetration of efficient technologies. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Lanzisera, Steven AU - Nordman, Bruce AU - Brown, Richard E AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, smlanzisera@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/05// PY - 2012 DA - May 2012 SP - 149 EP - 162 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Buildings KW - Energy consumption KW - Energy efficiency KW - Internet KW - Technology KW - case studies KW - potential energy KW - traffic KW - USA KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968180963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Data+network+equipment+energy+use+and+savings+potential+in+buildings&rft.au=Lanzisera%2C+Steven%3BNordman%2C+Bruce%3BBrown%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Lanzisera&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-011-9136-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-05-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; Energy efficiency; traffic; Energy consumption; potential energy; Buildings; Internet; Technology; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-011-9136-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyzing consumer acceptance of photovoltaics (PV) using fuzzy logic model AN - 918069066; 16188723 AB - Consumer perception could play an important role in the adoption of renewable energy technologies. This study aims to explore the role of consumer acceptance and model its effect on residential photovoltaic (PV) adoption. A survey was conducted to understand consumer perceptions of the technology (perception variables), such as perceived cost, perceived maintenance requirement, and environmental concern. To further investigate the adoption potential of residential PV, this paper develops a fuzzy logic inference model to relate consumer perception variables (inputs to the model) to their purchasing probability (output from the model). This model is tested in a case study of residential PV adoption using data from a survey of homeowners in Arizona, United States. The quantitative results of the model demonstrate the role of each perception variable in the consumer acceptance of PV. Public has tended to emphasize on the role of cost reduction in promoting the adoption of residential PV. The results of this study show that other issues such as maintenance requirement and environmental concern are also important. JF - Renewable Energy AU - Zhai, Pei AU - Williams, Eric D AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd. Building 90 MS4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, pzhai@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/05// PY - 2012 DA - May 2012 SP - 350 EP - 357 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 41 SN - 0960-1481, 0960-1481 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Consumer acceptance KW - Photovoltaic KW - Survey KW - Fuzzy logic KW - Photovoltaics KW - case studies KW - Perception KW - Renewable energy KW - Economics KW - USA, Arizona KW - environmental perception KW - Maintenance KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918069066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Renewable+Energy&rft.atitle=Analyzing+consumer+acceptance+of+photovoltaics+%28PV%29+using+fuzzy+logic+model&rft.au=Zhai%2C+Pei%3BWilliams%2C+Eric+D&rft.aulast=Zhai&rft.aufirst=Pei&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=350&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Renewable+Energy&rft.issn=09601481&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.renene.2011.11.041 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; Photovoltaics; Perception; Renewable energy; Economics; environmental perception; Maintenance; Technology; USA, Arizona DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2011.11.041 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An elastic stress-strain relationship for porous rock under anisotropic stress conditions AN - 1208378046; 660910-1 AB - A stress-strain relationship within porous rock under anisotropic stress conditions is required for modeling coupled hydromechanical processes associated with a number of practical applications. In this study, a three-dimensional stress-strain relationship is proposed for porous rock under elastic and anisotropic stress conditions. This relationship is a macroscopic-scale approximation that uses a natural-strain-based Hooke's law to describe deformation within a fraction of pores and an engineering-strain-based Hooke's law to describe deformation within the other part. This new relationship is evaluated using data from a number of uniaxial and triaxial tests published in the literature. Based on this new stress-strain relationship, we also develop constitutive relationships among stress, strain, and related stress-dependent hydraulic/mechanical properties (such as compressibility, shear modulus, and porosity). These relationships are demonstrated to be consistent with experimental observations. Copyright 2011 Springer-Verlag JF - Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering AU - Zhao, Yu AU - Liu, Hui-Hai Y1 - 2012/05// PY - 2012 DA - May 2012 SP - 389 EP - 399 PB - Springer-Verlag, Vienna - New York VL - 45 IS - 3 SN - 0723-2632, 0723-2632 KW - porous materials KW - anisotropy KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1208378046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.atitle=An+elastic+stress-strain+relationship+for+porous+rock+under+anisotropic+stress+conditions&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Yu%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Yu&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.issn=07232632&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00603-011-0193-y L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101578/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - RMREDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; porous materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-011-0193-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Massively parallel structured direct solver for equations describing time-harmonic qP-polarized waves in TTI media AN - 1037240651; 2012-076978 AB - We considered the discretization and approximate solutions of equations describing time-harmonic qP-polarized waves in 3D inhomogeneous anisotropic media. The anisotropy comprises general (tilted) transversely isotropic symmetries. We are concerned with solving these equations for a large number of different sources. We considered higher-order partial differential equations and variable-order finite-difference schemes to accommodate anisotropy on the one hand and allow higher-order accuracy -- to control sampling rates for relatively high frequencies -- on the other hand. We made use of a nested dissection based domain decomposition in a massively parallel multifrontal solver combined with hierarchically semiseparable matrix compression techniques. The higher-order partial differential operators and the variable-order finite-difference schemes require the introduction of separators with variable thickness in the nested dissection; the development of these and their integration with the multifrontal solver is the main focus of our study. The algorithm that we developed is a powerful tool for anisotropic full-waveform inversion. JF - Geophysics AU - Wang, Shen AU - Xia, Jianlin AU - de Hoop, Maarten V AU - Li, Xiaoye S Y1 - 2012/05/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 May 01 SP - T69 EP - T82 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 77 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - anisotropic materials KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - mathematical models KW - elastic waves KW - waveforms KW - equations KW - wave fields KW - seismic methods KW - visualization KW - digital simulation KW - seismic waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1037240651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Massively+parallel+structured+direct+solver+for+equations+describing+time-harmonic+qP-polarized+waves+in+TTI+media&rft.au=Wang%2C+Shen%3BXia%2C+Jianlin%3Bde+Hoop%2C+Maarten+V%3BLi%2C+Xiaoye+S&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Shen&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=T69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2011-0163.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropic materials; data processing; digital simulation; elastic waves; equations; finite difference analysis; geophysical methods; mathematical models; numerical models; seismic methods; seismic waves; three-dimensional models; visualization; wave fields; waveforms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0163.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Black-carbon reduction of snow albedo AN - 1028024248; 16823766 AB - Climate models indicate that the reduction of surface albedo caused by black-carbon contamination of snow contributes to global warming and near-worldwide melting of ice. In this study, we generated and characterized pure and black-carbon-laden snow in the laboratory and verified that black-carbon contamination appreciably reduces snow albedo at levels that have been found in natural settings. Increasing the size of snow grains in our experiments decreased snow albedo and amplified the radiative perturbation of black carbon, which justifies the aging-related positive feedbacks that are included in climate models. Moreover, our data provide an extensive verification of the Snow, Ice and Aerosol Radiation model, which will be included in the next assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. JF - Nature Climate Change AU - Hadley, Odelle L AU - Kirchstetter, Thomas W AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley California 94720, USA Y1 - 2012/05// PY - 2012 DA - May 2012 SP - 437 EP - 440 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 2 IS - 6 SN - 1758-678X, 1758-678X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Ice KW - Aerosols KW - Black carbon KW - Climate models KW - Snow KW - Albedo KW - Climate change KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Positive feedback KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - Radiation models KW - Global warming KW - Grains KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1028024248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.atitle=Black-carbon+reduction+of+snow+albedo&rft.au=Hadley%2C+Odelle+L%3BKirchstetter%2C+Thomas+W&rft.aulast=Hadley&rft.aufirst=Odelle&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.issn=1758678X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnclimate1433 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate models; Albedo; Climate change; Radiation models; Global warming; Positive feedback; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Ice; Aerosols; Black carbon; Snow; Greenhouse effect; Grains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1433 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a coupled overland flow-vadose zone model to rapid infiltration basin systems AN - 1026859363; 2012-063268 AB - Rapid infiltration basin systems (RIBS) are used for the application of treated wastewater to soil for wastewater disposal. To ensure sufficient additional wastewater treatment, U.S. regulations require a minimum separation distance between the infiltration basin and groundwater. Analytical and numerical models that predict groundwater mounding beneath basins have assumed a uniform specified flux boundary condition across the basin. In many systems, however, the basins are only partially flooded, with overland flow and soil infiltration controlling the extent of basin inundation. The iTOUGH2 computer code was modified to describe the coupled surface-subsurface flow in RIBS. After testing the model with published laboratory and field data, simulations were used to estimate groundwater mounding beneath RIBS for four hydraulic loading rates and two flooding periods in two representative soils. Because of interest in nitrate (NO (sub 3) (super -) ) removal beneath RIBS, a simplified approach using a domain-average denitrification reduction factor, F (sub s) , was used to assess the impact of pore water saturation on denitrification. Simulations using the conventional specified flux boundary condition underpredicted groundwater mounding by as much as a factor of 25 in loamy sand and a factor of 6 in sand. The impact of the basin boundary condition on F (sub s) was less significant, with F (sub s) reduced by up to 50% if the specified flux boundary condition was used. Thus, ignoring overland flow underpredicts denitrification and groundwater mounding for the cases studied here. For a fixed amount of wastewater discharged during a weekly flooding-drying cycle, simulations indicate that longer flooding periods result in less groundwater mounding but a reduction in denitrification. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Akhavan, Maryam AU - Imhoff, Paul T AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Andres, A Scott Y1 - 2012/05// PY - 2012 DA - May 2012 SP - vzj2011.0140 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 11 IS - 2 KW - waste water KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - laboratory studies KW - Richards equation KW - denitrification KW - floods KW - drainage basins KW - discharge KW - water pollution KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - case studies KW - soil pollution KW - infiltration KW - mathematical methods KW - waste disposal KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1026859363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+coupled+overland+flow-vadose+zone+model+to+rapid+infiltration+basin+systems&rft.au=Akhavan%2C+Maryam%3BImhoff%2C+Paul+T%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BAndres%2C+A+Scott&rft.aulast=Akhavan&rft.aufirst=Maryam&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=vzj2011.0140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2011.0140 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; case studies; denitrification; discharge; drainage basins; environmental management; field studies; floods; ground water; infiltration; laboratory studies; mathematical methods; models; nitrates; pollutants; pollution; prediction; Richards equation; simulation; soil pollution; surface water; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; waste water; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2011.0140 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Mn valence states in mixed-valent manganates by XANES spectroscopy AN - 1020538532; 2012-056668 AB - The valence states of Mn in mixed-valent layer and tunnel structure manganese dioxides (MnO (sub 2) ), usually referred to as phyllomanganates and tectomanganates, can be measured by X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy with a precision and accuracy that are difficult to estimate owing to the paucity of well-characterized standards. A compilation of the Mn K-edge XANES spectra of most naturally occurring manganates, synthetic analogs of known structure and chemical composition, and pure-valence phase species is presented and made available as an open source. We intend this compilation to serve as a basis for the spectroscopic determination of the fractions of the Mn 2+, 3+, and 4+ valences in mixed-valent manganates and phase mixtures. The XANES derivatives of tectomanganates and phyllomanganates with no or little Mn (super 3+) in the MnO (sub 2) layer exhibit intensities, shapes, and relative energy positions of the main features characteristics of a particular valence composition. For these compounds, valence fractions can be derived using linear combination fitting analysis. Best quantitative results are obtained when the unknown spectrum is fit to a weighted sum of all reference spectra in the database with the fractions of species constrained to be non-negative (Combo method). The accuracy of the average valence is estimated to 0.04 v.u. in the range of 3+ to 4+, and decreases when the proportion of divalent Mn is higher than 15%. The accuracy of the method is also lower in (layer Mn (super 3+) , Mn (super 4+) ) manganates, because the XANES features are affected non-additively by the amount and distribution of the Jahn-Teller Mn (super 3+) cations. The merit of the Combo method for the determination of manganese valence sums relative to the methods based on calibration curves is discussed. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Manceau, Alain AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - Grangeon, Sylvain Y1 - 2012/05// PY - 2012 DA - May 2012 SP - 816 EP - 827 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 97 IS - 5-6 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - methods KW - manganates KW - tectomanganates KW - analysis KW - manganese KW - X-ray spectra KW - phyllomanganates KW - XANES spectra KW - metals KW - XANES KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - manganese oxides KW - X-ray analysis KW - oxides KW - valency KW - spectra KW - spectroscopy KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020538532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Mn+valence+states+in+mixed-valent+manganates+by+XANES+spectroscopy&rft.au=Manceau%2C+Alain%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BGrangeon%2C+Sylvain&rft.aulast=Manceau&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=816&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam.2012.3903 L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analysis; manganates; manganese; manganese oxides; metals; methods; oxides; phyllomanganates; spectra; spectroscopy; tectomanganates; valency; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectra; X-ray spectroscopy; XANES; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2012.3903 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and evaluation of a thermodynamic dataset for phases of interest in CO (sub 2) mineral sequestration in basaltic rocks AN - 1026862723; 2012-067267 AB - A thermodynamic dataset describing 36 mineral reactions of interest for CO (sub 2) -water-basalt interaction associated with CO (sub 2) mineral sequestration in basaltic formations is presented. Mineral selection for the dataset is based on extensive review of natural analogs of water-basalt interaction at low and elevated CO (sub 2) conditions. Widely used thermodynamic databases did not contain the mineral assemblage needed for successfully simulating the alteration processes observed in nature as important primary and secondary minerals were found to be missing. The EQ3/6 V7.2b database is the primary source for aqueous equilibrium constants in the developed dataset but reactions for four missing Al-hydroxy complexes were added. Recently published thermodynamic data were compiled for most of the minerals considered in this study. Mineral solubility constants obtained directly from measurements were compiled to the dataset without modification but SUPCRT was used for computing solubility constants when such data was not available. In order to verify that the presented dataset can capture alterations observed in nature, simulations of CO (sub 2) -water-basalt interaction were carried out at low and elevated CO (sub 2) conditions and compared to observed basalt alteration in Iceland and Greenland. Overall simulated and observed alteration are in good agreement, both at low and elevated CO (sub 2) conditions, suggesting the dataset to be well suited for simulations of e.g. CO (sub 2) -water-basalt interaction associated with CO (sub 2) mineral sequestration in basalts. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Aradottir, E S P AU - Sonnenthal, E L AU - Jonsson, H Y1 - 2012/04/18/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Apr 18 SP - 26 EP - 38 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 304-305 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - water KW - carbon sequestration KW - volcanic rocks KW - secondary minerals KW - pollutants KW - igneous rocks KW - pollution KW - aqueous solutions KW - simulation KW - hydrochemistry KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - models KW - environmental management KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - mathematical methods KW - basalts KW - mineral assemblages KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - storage KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1026862723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Development+and+evaluation+of+a+thermodynamic+dataset+for+phases+of+interest+in+CO+%28sub+2%29+mineral+sequestration+in+basaltic+rocks&rft.au=Aradottir%2C+E+S+P%3BSonnenthal%2C+E+L%3BJonsson%2C+H&rft.aulast=Aradottir&rft.aufirst=E+S&rft.date=2012-04-18&rft.volume=304-305&rft.issue=&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2012.01.031 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-19 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; aqueous solutions; basalts; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; environmental management; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; igneous rocks; mathematical methods; mineral assemblages; models; phase equilibria; pollutants; pollution; secondary minerals; simulation; storage; thermodynamic properties; volcanic rocks; water; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.01.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phase transitions in biogenic amorphous calcium carbonate AN - 1464884764; 2013-095085 AB - Crystalline biominerals do not resemble faceted crystals. Current explanations for this property involve formation via amorphous phases. Using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and photoelectron emission microscopy (PEEM), here we examine forming spicules in embryos of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus sea urchins, and observe a sequence of three mineral phases: hydrated amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC.H (sub 2) O) --> dehydrated amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) --> calcite. Unexpectedly, we find ACC . H (sub 2) O-rich nanoparticles that persist after the surrounding mineral has dehydrated and crystallized. Protein matrix components occluded within the mineral must inhibit ACC . H (sub 2) O dehydration. We devised an in vitro, also using XANES-PEEM, assay to identify spicule proteins that may play a role in stabilizing various mineral phases, and found that the most abundant occluded matrix protein in the sea urchin spicules, SM50, stabilizes ACC . H (sub 2) O in vitro. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Gong, Yutao U T AU - Killian, Christopher E AU - Olson, Ian C AU - Appathurai, Narayana P AU - Amasino, Audra L AU - Martin, Michael C AU - Holt, Liam J AU - Wilt, Fred H AU - Gilbert, P U P A Y1 - 2012/04/17/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Apr 17 SP - 6088 EP - 6093 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - 16 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - biomineralization KW - spicules KW - amorphous materials KW - phase transitions KW - X-ray spectra KW - crystallinity KW - emission spectra KW - calcite KW - XANES spectra KW - photoelectron emission spectra KW - biogenic processes KW - Echinodermata KW - Invertebrata KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectra KW - nanoparticles KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464884764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Phase+transitions+in+biogenic+amorphous+calcium+carbonate&rft.au=Gong%2C+Yutao+U+T%3BKillian%2C+Christopher+E%3BOlson%2C+Ian+C%3BAppathurai%2C+Narayana+P%3BAmasino%2C+Audra+L%3BMartin%2C+Michael+C%3BHolt%2C+Liam+J%3BWilt%2C+Fred+H%3BGilbert%2C+P+U+P+A&rft.aulast=Gong&rft.aufirst=Yutao+U&rft.date=2012-04-17&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=6088&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1118085109 L2 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/2/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - PNASA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; biogenic processes; biomineralization; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbonates; crystallinity; Echinodermata; emission spectra; Invertebrata; nanoparticles; phase transitions; photoelectron emission spectra; spectra; spicules; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118085109 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron speciation and mixing in single aerosol particles from the Asian continental outflow AN - 1024661040; 16837770 AB - Bioavailable iron from atmospheric aerosol is an essential nutrient that can control oceanic productivity, thereby impacting the global carbon budget and climate. Particles collected on Okinawa Island during an atmospheric pollution transport event from China were analyzed using complementary single particle techniques to determine the iron source and speciation. Comparing the chemical composition and spatial distribution of iron within ambient particles and standard Asian mineral dust, it was determined that field-collected atmospheric Fe-containing particles have numerous sources, especially anthropogenic sources such as coal combustion. Fe-containing particles were found to be internally mixed with secondary species such as sulfate, soot, and organic carbon. The mass weighted average Fe(II) fraction (defined as Fe(II)/[Fe(II) + Fe(III)]) was determined to be 0.33 plus or minus 0.08. Within the experimental uncertainty, this value lies close to the range of 0.26-0.30 determined for representative Asian mineral dust. Previous studies have indicated that the solubility of iron from combustion is much higher than that from mineral dust. Therefore, chemical and/or physical differences other than oxidation state may help explain the higher solubility of iron in atmospheric particles. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres AU - Moffet, Ryan C AU - Furutani, Hiroshi AU - Rodel, Tobias C AU - Henn, Tobias R AU - Sprau, Peter O AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Uematsu, Mitsuo AU - Gilles, Mary K AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2012/04/04/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Apr 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 117 IS - D7 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Aerosols KW - Solubility KW - Coal combustion KW - Spatial distribution KW - Aerosol particles KW - Particulates KW - Dust KW - Combustion KW - Soot particles KW - Air pollution KW - Soot KW - Carbon KW - Oxidation KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Atmospheric pollution transport KW - ISEW, Japan, Nansei-Shoto, Okinawa Prefect., Okinawa I. KW - Iron KW - Minerals KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1024661040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Iron+speciation+and+mixing+in+single+aerosol+particles+from+the+Asian+continental+outflow&rft.au=Moffet%2C+Ryan+C%3BFurutani%2C+Hiroshi%3BRodel%2C+Tobias+C%3BHenn%2C+Tobias+R%3BSprau%2C+Peter+O%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BUematsu%2C+Mitsuo%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K&rft.aulast=Moffet&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2012-04-04&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=D7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011JD016746 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coal combustion; Solubility; Spatial distribution; Aerosol particles; Oxidation; Atmospheric pollution transport; Soot particles; Air pollution; Soot; Aerosols; Carbon; Particulates; Minerals; Iron; Dust; Combustion; China, People's Rep.; ISEW, Japan, Nansei-Shoto, Okinawa Prefect., Okinawa I. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016746 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of targeted proteomics to metabolically engineered Escherichia coli AN - 1529944501; 19893180 AB - As synthetic biology matures to compete with chemical transformation of commodity and high-value compounds, a wide variety of well-characterized biological parts are needed to facilitate system design. Protein quantification based on selected-reaction monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry compliments metabolite and transcript analysis for system characterization and optimizing flux through engineered pathways. By using SRM quantification, we assayed red fluorescent protein (RFP) expressed from plasmids containing several inducible and constitutive promoters and subsequently assessed protein production from the same promoters driving expression of eight mevalonate pathway proteins in Escherichia coli. For each of the promoter systems, the protein level for the first gene in the operon followed that of RFP, however, the levels of proteins produced from genes farther from the promoter were much less consistent. Second, we used targeted proteomics to characterize tyrosine biosynthesis pathway proteins after removal of native regulation. The changes were not expected to cause significant impact on protein levels, yet significant variation in protein abundance was observed and tyrosine production for these strains spanned a range from less than 1 mg/L to greater than 250 mg/L. Overall, our results underscore the importance of targeted proteomics for determining accurate protein levels in engineered systems and fine-tuning metabolic pathways. JF - Proteomics AU - Singh, Pragya AU - Batth, Tanveer S AU - Juminaga, Darmawi AU - Dahl, Robert H AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Petzold, Christopher J AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA. Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - Apr 2012 SP - 1289 EP - 1299 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 12 IS - 8 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - mevalonic acid KW - Transformation KW - Protein biosynthesis KW - Transcription KW - Tyrosine KW - Metabolites KW - Plasmids KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Promoters KW - red fluorescent protein KW - Escherichia coli KW - Metabolic pathways KW - proteomics KW - Operons KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529944501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=Application+of+targeted+proteomics+to+metabolically+engineered+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Singh%2C+Pragya%3BBatth%2C+Tanveer+S%3BJuminaga%2C+Darmawi%3BDahl%2C+Robert+H%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D%3BPetzold%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Pragya&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.201100482 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; mevalonic acid; Protein biosynthesis; Tyrosine; Transcription; Metabolites; Plasmids; Mass spectroscopy; Promoters; red fluorescent protein; Metabolic pathways; proteomics; Operons; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201100482 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iterative finite-difference solution analysis of acoustic wave equation in the Laplace-Fourier domain AN - 1366819162; 2012-059469 AB - We have investigated numerical characteristics of iterative solutions to the acoustic wave equation in the Laplace-Fourier (LF) domain. We transformed the time-domain acoustic wave equation into the LF domain; the transformed equation was discretized with finite differences and was solved with iterative methods. Finite-difference modeling experiments demonstrate that iterative methods require an infinitesimal stopping tolerance to accurately compute the pressure field especially at long offsets. To understand the requirement for such infinitesimal tolerance values, we analyzed the evolution of intermediate solution vectors, residual vectors, and search direction vectors during the iteration. The analysis showed that the requirement arises from the fact that in the solution space, the amplitude of the pressure field varies more than sixty orders of magnitude on the common log scale. Accordingly, we propose a rule of thumb for choosing a proper stopping tolerance value. We also examined numerical dispersion errors in terms of the grid sampling resolutions per skin depth and wavelength. We found that despite the similarity of the form of the acoustic wave and electromagnetic diffusion equations, the former is different from the latter due to the fact that in the LF domain, the skin depth of the acoustic wave equation is decoupled from its wavelength. This aspect requires that in the LF domain, its grid size be determined by considering the minimum grid sampling resolutions based not only the wavelength but also the skin depth. JF - Geophysics AU - Um, Evan Schankee AU - Commer, Michael AU - Newman, Gregory A Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - April 2012 SP - T29 EP - T36 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 77 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - seismograms KW - technology KW - Fourier analysis KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - Laplace transformations KW - seismic methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1366819162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Iterative+finite-difference+solution+analysis+of+acoustic+wave+equation+in+the+Laplace-Fourier+domain&rft.au=Um%2C+Evan+Schankee%3BCommer%2C+Michael%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=T29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FGEO2011-0220.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data processing; finite difference analysis; Fourier analysis; geophysical methods; Laplace transformations; seismic methods; seismograms; technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/GEO2011-0220.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Value of information as a context-specific measure of uncertainty in groundwater remediation AN - 1351597827; 2013-039587 AB - The remediation of groundwater sites has been recognized as a difficult and expensive task for years. One of the challenges is that the success of remediation is usually contingent upon an appropriate level of characterization of the physical, chemical, and biological site properties. For example, thermal treatment cannot be economically applied if the location of a non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) source is unknown. Both characterization and remediation are expensive. Thus, efforts need to be prioritized and optimized taking effects of uncertainty into consideration. Traditional measures of uncertainty, such as variance and correlation coefficients, do not fully depict the significance of uncertainty. For example, a small error in a parameter to which performance is sensitive may affect the prospect for remediation success much more than a large error in a parameter that has minor influence. In this paper, we quantify uncertainty as the expected increase in the cost of achieving clean-up objectives that is associated with uncertainty in performance prediction models, i.e., the minimum expected cost attainable with the present state of uncertainty minus the expected cost achievable if uncertainty were fully or partially removed. This measure, a.k.a., the value of information (VOI), is context-specific, i.e., it is dependent on site conditions and remediation strategies as well as specific remediation objectives and unit costs. We consider clean-up objectives, cost formulations, and sensitivity of costs to uncertainty in parameters, measurements, and the model itself and seek to minimize expected cost under conditions of incomplete information. We present results from a synthetic case study of dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) plume treatment. The results quantify the cost attributable to uncertainty, thus setting an upper limit on how much one should pay for characterization, and helping decision makers to decide whether the data should be collected or not. Copyright 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. JF - Water Resources Management AU - Liu, Xiaoyi AU - Lee, Jonghyun AU - Kitanidis, Peter K AU - Parker, Jack AU - Kim, Ungtae Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - April 2012 SP - 1513 EP - 1535 PB - Springer for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Dordrecht - Boston VL - 26 IS - 6 SN - 0920-4741, 0920-4741 KW - water quality KW - contaminant plumes KW - characterization KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - sensitivity analysis KW - tracers KW - uncertainty KW - risk management KW - numerical models KW - in situ KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - injection KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - decision-making KW - cost KW - boundary conditions KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - partition coefficients KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1351597827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Management&rft.atitle=Value+of+information+as+a+context-specific+measure+of+uncertainty+in+groundwater+remediation&rft.au=Liu%2C+Xiaoyi%3BLee%2C+Jonghyun%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter+K%3BParker%2C+Jack%3BKim%2C+Ungtae&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Xiaoyi&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Management&rft.issn=09204741&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11269-011-9970-3 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(0j23p045e4cou0nbbennj355)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:103011,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary conditions; characterization; contaminant plumes; cost; decision-making; decontamination; ground water; in situ; injection; models; Monte Carlo analysis; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; optimization; partition coefficients; pollution; prediction; remediation; risk management; sensitivity analysis; simulation; statistical analysis; tracers; transport; uncertainty; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-011-9970-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HgO at high pressures; the transition to the NaCl structure (HgO-III) and the equation of state of tetragonal HgO-II AN - 1220563611; 2013-001917 AB - The high-pressure behavior of HgO-montroydite was investigated up to 36.5 GPa using angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction. The tetragonal phase of this material (HgO-II), a distortion of the NaCl structure, transforms into the cubic NaCl structure (HgO-III) above approximately 31.5 GPa. The transformation of mercury oxide from the orthorhombic Pnma (HgO-I) structure to a tetragonal I4/mmm structure (HgO-II) is confirmed to occur at 13.5 + or - 1.5 GPa. Neither of the high-pressure phases, HgO-II nor HgO-III, is quenchable in pressure. The derived isothermal bulk modulus of HgO-II and its pressure derivative strongly depend on the assumed zero-pressure volume of this phase, but our elasticity results on HgO-II nevertheless lie significantly closer to theoretical calculations than prior experimental results, and the measured pressure of the phase transformation to the NaCl structure is also in agreement with recent theoretical results. The general accord with theory supports the existence of significant relativistic effects on the high-pressure phase transitions of HgO. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Yan, Jinyuan AU - Chen, Bin AU - Raju, Selva Vennila AU - Godwal, Budhiram K AU - MacDowell, Alastair A AU - Knight, Jason AU - Ma, Hongwei AU - Williams, Quentin Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - April 2012 SP - 269 EP - 275 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin - New York VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - elasticity KW - pressure KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - crystal systems KW - montroydite KW - phase transitions KW - crystal structure KW - elastic constants KW - bulk modulus KW - bonding KW - orthorhombic system KW - high pressure KW - polymorphism KW - mercury oxide KW - oxides KW - tetragonal system KW - equations of state KW - transformations KW - cubic system KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1220563611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=HgO+at+high+pressures%3B+the+transition+to+the+NaCl+structure+%28HgO-III%29+and+the+equation+of+state+of+tetragonal+HgO-II&rft.au=Yan%2C+Jinyuan%3BChen%2C+Bin%3BRaju%2C+Selva+Vennila%3BGodwal%2C+Budhiram+K%3BMacDowell%2C+Alastair+A%3BKnight%2C+Jason%3BMa%2C+Hongwei%3BWilliams%2C+Quentin&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=Jinyuan&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-012-0483-2 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-29 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; bulk modulus; crystal structure; crystal systems; cubic system; elastic constants; elasticity; equations of state; experimental studies; high pressure; mercury oxide; montroydite; orthorhombic system; oxides; phase transitions; polymorphism; pressure; sodium chloride; tetragonal system; transformations; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-012-0483-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design of a dynamic sensor-regulator system for production of chemicals and fuels derived from fatty acids AN - 1020851361; 16813549 AB - Microbial production of chemicals is now an attractive alternative to chemical synthesis. Current efforts focus mainly on constructing pathways to produce different types of molecules. However, there are few strategies for engineering regulatory components to improve product titers and conversion yields of heterologous pathways. Here we developed a dynamic sensor-regulator system (DSRS) to produce fatty acid-based products in Escherichia coli, and demonstrated its use for biodiesel production. The DSRS uses a transcription factor that senses a key intermediate and dynamically regulates the expression of genes involved in biodiesel production. This DSRS substantially improved the stability of biodiesel-producing strains and increased the titer to 1.5 g/l and the yield threefold to 28% of the theoretical maximum. Given the large number of natural sensors available, this DSRS strategy can be extended to many other biosynthetic pathways to balance metabolism, thereby increasing product titers and conversion yields and stabilizing production hosts. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Zhang, Fuzhong AU - Carothers, James M AU - Keasling, Jay D AD - 1] Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA. [2] Physical Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. [3] Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - Apr 2012 SP - 354 EP - 359 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Fuels KW - Transcription factors KW - Escherichia coli KW - Fatty acids KW - Diesel KW - Biofuels KW - Metabolism KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020851361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Design+of+a+dynamic+sensor-regulator+system+for+production+of+chemicals+and+fuels+derived+from+fatty+acids&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Fuzhong%3BCarothers%2C+James+M%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Fuzhong&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnbt.2149 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transcription factors; Fuels; Fatty acids; Diesel; Metabolism; Biofuels; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2149 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unsaturated properties for non-Darcian water flow in clay AN - 1017954103; 2012-054188 AB - Clay rock formations, and compacted clay (e.g., bentonite) used as backfill within disposal drifts, have been considered as natural and engineered barriers, respectively, for isolating high-level nuclear wastes in mined geologic repositories. Accurately modeling unsaturated flow in those clay materials is important for assessing the performance of a geological repository. While the non-Darcian behavior of water flow in clay materials has been demonstrated in the literature, a systematic study of modeling unsaturated non-Darcian flow is still lacking. Based on a hypothesis that pore water in clay becomes non-Newtonian as a result of water-clay interaction, we propose new constitutive relationships for unsaturated flow, including a relationship between water flux and hydraulic gradient and those among capillary pressure, water saturation, and hydraulic conductivity. An evaluation based on a set of laboratory experimental observations supports the usefulness of the proposed relationships. More experimental studies are desirable for further confirming the non-Newtonian water flow behavior in clay materials and evaluating the proposed relationships. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Li, Lianchong AU - Birkholzer, Jens Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - April 2012 SP - 173 EP - 178 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 430-431 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - clay KW - backfill KW - capillary pressure KW - petroleum KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - movement KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - disposal barriers KW - experimental studies KW - bentonite KW - clastic sediments KW - Darcy's law KW - pollution KW - gas shale KW - properties KW - models KW - claystone KW - saturation KW - mathematical methods KW - theoretical models KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017954103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Unsaturated+properties+for+non-Darcian+water+flow+in+clay&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BLi%2C+Lianchong%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=430-431&rft.issue=&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2012.02.017 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - backfill; bentonite; capillary pressure; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; clay; claystone; Darcy's law; disposal barriers; environmental management; experimental studies; gas shale; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; laboratory studies; mathematical methods; models; movement; petroleum; pollution; properties; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; saturation; sedimentary rocks; sediments; theoretical models; waste disposal; water pollution; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.02.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remediation of chromium and uranium contamination by microbial activity AN - 1015458512; 2012-047823 AB - Anthropogenic sources of the toxic metals chromium and uranium have contaminated the ecosystem and become major public and political concerns. Biomineralization, a process by which microorganisms transform aqueous metal ions into amorphous or crystalline precipitates, is regarded as a promising and cost-effective strategy for remediating chromium and uranium contamination. This review describes the potential and limitations of bioremediation for these two toxic metals and highlights the importance of biologically mediated transformation, immobilization, and mineralization of toxic metals during the course of remediation. It also provides nonspecialists with an introduction to several of the main approaches to remediation and acknowledges some questions about this technology that remain to be answered. JF - Elements AU - Cheng, Yangjian AU - Holman, Hoi-Ying AU - Lin, Zhang Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - April 2012 SP - 107 EP - 112 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland and Mineralogical Association of Canada and Geochemical Society and Clay Minerals Society VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1811-5209, 1811-5209 KW - Pseudomonas KW - ecosystems KW - bioavailability KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - oxides KW - mineralization KW - valency KW - reduction KW - heavy metals KW - chromium KW - soils KW - biomineralization KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - chromates KW - geochemical cycle KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - uranium KW - transformations KW - uraninite KW - actinides KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015458512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Elements&rft.atitle=Remediation+of+chromium+and+uranium+contamination+by+microbial+activity&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Yangjian%3BHolman%2C+Hoi-Ying%3BLin%2C+Zhang&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Yangjian&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Elements&rft.issn=18115209&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.elementsmagazine.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bacteria; bioavailability; biochemistry; biomineralization; bioremediation; chromates; chromium; ecosystems; geochemical cycle; ground water; heavy metals; metals; microorganisms; mineralization; oxides; pollutants; pollution; Pseudomonas; reduction; remediation; soils; toxic materials; transformations; uraninite; uranium; valency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sol-gel method to fabricate CaP scaffolds by robocasting for tissue engineering AN - 1008836959; 16516319 AB - Highly porous calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds for bone-tissue engineering were fabricated by combining a robocasting process with a sol-gel synthesis that mixed Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate and Triethyl Phosphite precursors in an aqueous medium. The resulting gels were used to print scaffolds by robocasting without the use of binder to increase the viscosity of the paste. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the process yielded hydroxyapatite and beta -tricalcium phosphate biphasic composite powders. Thus, the scaffold composition after crystallization of the amorphous structure could be easily modified by varying the initial Ca/P ratio during synthesis. The compressive strengths of the scaffolds are ~6 MPa, which is in the range of human cancellous bone (2-12 MPa). These highly porous scaffolds (~73 vol% porosity) are composed of macro-pores of ~260 mu m in size; such porosity is expected to enable bone ingrowth into the scaffold for bone repair applications. The chemistry, porosity, and surface topography of such scaffolds can also be modified by the process parameters to favor bone formation. The studied sol-gel process can be used to coat these scaffolds by dip-coating, which induces a significant enhancement of mechanical properties. This can adjust scaffold properties such as composition and surface morphology, which consequently may improve their performances. JF - Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine AU - Houmard, Manuel AU - Fu, Qiang AU - Saiz, Eduardo AU - Tomsia, Antoni P AD - Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, manuel.houmard@wanadoo.fr Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - Apr 2012 SP - 921 EP - 930 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 0957-4530, 0957-4530 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Crystallization KW - Powder KW - Bone (cancellous) KW - Porosity KW - Tissue engineering KW - X-ray diffraction KW - scaffolds KW - Bone healing KW - Gels KW - Hydroxyapatite KW - calcium nitrate KW - Viscosity KW - tricalcium phosphate KW - Calcium phosphate KW - Mechanical properties KW - Topography KW - Osteogenesis KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008836959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Materials+Science%3A+Materials+in+Medicine&rft.atitle=Sol-gel+method+to+fabricate+CaP+scaffolds+by+robocasting+for+tissue+engineering&rft.au=Houmard%2C+Manuel%3BFu%2C+Qiang%3BSaiz%2C+Eduardo%3BTomsia%2C+Antoni+P&rft.aulast=Houmard&rft.aufirst=Manuel&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Materials+Science%3A+Materials+in+Medicine&rft.issn=09574530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10856-012-4561-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crystallization; Powder; Bone (cancellous); Porosity; X-ray diffraction; Tissue engineering; scaffolds; Gels; Bone healing; calcium nitrate; Hydroxyapatite; Viscosity; Calcium phosphate; tricalcium phosphate; Osteogenesis; Topography; Mechanical properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4561-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DARK ENERGY FROM THE LOG-TRANSFORMED CONVERGENCE FIELD AN - 1680457012; PQ0001517754 AB - A logarithmic transform of the convergence field improves "the information content," i.e., the overall precision associated with the measurement of the amplitude of the convergence power spectrum, by improving the covariance matrix properties. The translation of this improvement in the information content to that in cosmological parameters, such as those associated with dark energy, requires knowing the sensitivity of the log-transformed field to those cosmological parameters. In this paper, we use N-body simulations with ray tracing to generate convergence fields at multiple source redshifts as a function of cosmology. The gain in information associated with the log-transformed field does lead to tighter constraints on dark energy parameters, but only if shape noise is neglected. The presence of shape noise quickly diminishes the advantage of the log-mapping, more quickly than we would expect based on the information content. With or without shape noise, using a larger pixel size allows for a more efficient log-transformation. JF - Astrophysical Journal AU - Seo, Hee-Jong AU - Sato, Masanori AU - Takada, Masahiro AU - Dodelson, Scott AD - Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics, LBL and Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, hee-jongseo@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/03/20/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 20 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 748 IS - 1 SN - 0004-637X, 0004-637X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - cosmological parameters KW - dark energy KW - gravitational lensing: weak KW - large-scale structure of Universe KW - methods: numerical KW - Sensitivity KW - Cosmology KW - Numerical simulations KW - Convergence KW - Energy KW - Acoustic waves KW - Noise levels KW - Simulation KW - Noise pollution KW - P 7000:NOISE KW - M2 524:Stars, Universe (524) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680457012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=DARK+ENERGY+FROM+THE+LOG-TRANSFORMED+CONVERGENCE+FIELD&rft.au=Seo%2C+Hee-Jong%3BSato%2C+Masanori%3BTakada%2C+Masahiro%3BDodelson%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Seo&rft.aufirst=Hee-Jong&rft.date=2012-03-20&rft.volume=748&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Astrophysical+Journal&rft.issn=0004637X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F748%2F1%2F57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Numerical simulations; Cosmology; Convergence; Acoustic waves; Noise pollution; Sensitivity; Energy; Noise levels; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/748/1/57 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interfacial Reconstruction of Au/TiO(2) from ab Initio AN - 1744721663; 18028529 AB - We determine the stability and properties of interfaces of low-index Au surfaces adhered to TiO(2)(110), using density functional theory energy density calculations. We consider Au(100) and Au(111) epitaxies on rutile TiO(2)TiO(2)(110) surface, as observed in experiments. For each epitaxy, we consider several different interfaces: Au(111)//TiO(2)(110) and Au(100)/TiO(2)(110), with and without bridging oxygen, Au(111) on 1x2 added-row TiO(2)(110) reconstruction, and Au(111) on a new 1x2 TiO reconstruction. The density functional theory energy density method computes the energy changes on each of the atoms while forming the interface, and evaluates the work of adhesion to determine the equilibrium interfacial structure. The new results showcase an unusual change in chemistry that is possible in an interface: additional reduction of the TiO(2)(110) surface combined with mixing in the layer. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Yu, Min AU - Trinkle, Dallas AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN) KW - Reduction KW - Titanium dioxide KW - Reconstruction KW - Rutile KW - Density functional theory KW - Gold KW - Epitaxy KW - Energy density UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1744721663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Interfacial+Reconstruction+of+Au%2FTiO%282%29+from+ab+Initio&rft.au=Yu%2C+Min%3BTrinkle%2C+Dallas&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Min&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transmission Electron Microscopy Studies on Lithium Battery Materials III: Effect of Aluminum Substitution in Layered Oxides AN - 1372605162; 18026541 AB - Layered mixed transition metal oxide materials such as LiNixCo1-2xMnxO2 (x=0.33, 0.4) have been extensively investigated as Liion battery cathodes to replace LiCoO2 in consumer electronics and, especially, for potential electric vehicle applications. A further reduction of the Co-content is desirable for cost and environmental reasons. To this end, Al-substitution for Co has been shown to improve both cost and safety aspects of the cathode materials while, notably, enhancing the cycling stability for reasons that are not explicitly known. This work explores the structural effects of Al-substitution in a nanoscale LiNi0.45Co0.1-xAlxMn0.45O2 (0=x=0.1) model system through transmission electron microscopy studies. Electron diffraction is used to resolve the unit-cell distortion observed upon Al-substitution in the as-made materials with an average particle size ~50nm. Additionally, the structural changes occurring throughout the cycling life of the parent and substituted cathode materials will be discussed. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Shukla, Alpesh AU - Conry, Thomas AU - Doeff, Marca AU - Richardson, Thomas AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Metals KW - Batteries KW - Conferences KW - Microscopy KW - Aluminum KW - Electronics industry wastes KW - Lithium KW - Technology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372605162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Transmission+Electron+Microscopy+Studies+on+Lithium+Battery+Materials+III%3A+Effect+of+Aluminum+Substitution+in+Layered+Oxides&rft.au=Shukla%2C+Alpesh%3BConry%2C+Thomas%3BDoeff%2C+Marca%3BRichardson%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Shukla&rft.aufirst=Alpesh&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Metals; Conferences; Batteries; Aluminum; Microscopy; Electronics industry wastes; Lithium; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting CO (sub 2) -water interfacial tension under pressure and temperature conditions of geologic CO (sub 2) storage AN - 1037240400; 2012-076653 AB - Storage in subsurface geologic formations, principally saline aquifers, is currently under development as a major approach to counter anthropogenic CO (sub 2) emissions. To ensure the stability and long-term viability of geologic carbon storage, injected CO (sub 2) must be kept in place by an overlying cap rock of very low permeability. Capillary forces in the cap rock act to prevent upward migration and escape of the stored supercritical fluid, with interfacial tension (IFT) between the aqueous brine phase and the CO (sub 2) phase being the primary control. However, published experimental CO (sub 2) -water IFT data vary widely, mainly because of inadequate experimental protocols or inappropriate use of bulk-fluid properties in computing IFT from experimental observations. Only two published data sets were found to meet all criteria of merit for an accurate measurement of IFT over the entire range of pressure (5-45 MPa) and temperature (298-383 K) pertinent to geologic carbon storage. In such circumstances, molecular simulations can enhance the utility of limited data when used to validate assumptions made in their interpretation, resolve discrepancies among data, and fill gaps where data are lacking. Simulations may also be used to provide insight into the relationship between IFT and fundamental properties, such as the strength of the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O interaction. Through molecular dynamics simulations, we compared the quality of three CO (sub 2) models and two H (sub 2) O models (SPC/E and TIP4P2005) in predicting IFT under the pressure and temperature conditions relevant to geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration. Interfacial tension at fixed temperature simulated via molecular dynamics decreased strongly with increasing pressure below the critical CO (sub 2) pressure of 7 MPa, then leveled off, in agreement with experiment, whereas increasing temperature from 300 to 383K at fixed pressure had little effect on IFT, which is also consistent with experimental data. Our results demonstrated that the strength of the short-range portion of the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O interaction exerts a major influence on IFT. The CO (sub 2) model that best represented the attractive part of this interaction for randomly-oriented water molecules also best captures the experimental pressure dependence of IFT when combined with either water model. When combined with the SPC/E water model, this CO (sub 2) model underestimated IFT by nearly equal 10 mN/m, which approximately equals the amount by which the SPC/E water model underestimates the surface tension of pure water. When combined with the TIP4P2005 water model, this model accurately captured the pressure dependence of the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O IFT at 383K over the entire pressure range examined. These pressure variations will have the dominant effect on IFT-especially at pressures lower than the CO (sub 2) critical pressure ( nearly equal 7 MPa)-and, therefore, on the CO (sub 2) storage capacity and sealing integrity of a subsurface reservoir. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Nielsen, Laura C AU - Bourg, I C AU - Sposito, G Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 SP - 28 EP - 38 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 81 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - density KW - gas storage KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - environmental management KW - phase equilibria KW - molecular dynamics KW - geochemistry KW - P-T conditions KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - mathematical methods KW - cap rocks KW - reservoir properties KW - tension KW - permeability KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1037240400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Predicting+CO+%28sub+2%29+-water+interfacial+tension+under+pressure+and+temperature+conditions+of+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+Laura+C%3BBourg%2C+I+C%3BSposito%2C+G&rft.aulast=Nielsen&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2011.12.018 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-31 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; density; environmental management; experimental studies; gas storage; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; mathematical methods; models; molecular dynamics; Monte Carlo analysis; P-T conditions; permeability; phase equilibria; pollutants; pollution; prediction; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; simulation; statistical analysis; tension; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.12.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Highly luminescent nanocrystals from removal of impurity atoms residual from ion-exchange synthesis. AN - 926156742; 22278816 JF - Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) AU - Jain, Prashant K AU - Beberwyck, Brandon J AU - Fong, Lam-Kiu AU - Polking, Mark J AU - Alivisatos, A Paul AD - Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2012/03/05/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 05 SP - 2387 EP - 2390 VL - 51 IS - 10 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/926156742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Angewandte+Chemie+%28International+ed.+in+English%29&rft.atitle=Highly+luminescent+nanocrystals+from+removal+of+impurity+atoms+residual+from+ion-exchange+synthesis.&rft.au=Jain%2C+Prashant+K%3BBeberwyck%2C+Brandon+J%3BFong%2C+Lam-Kiu%3BPolking%2C+Mark+J%3BAlivisatos%2C+A+Paul&rft.aulast=Jain&rft.aufirst=Prashant&rft.date=2012-03-05&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Angewandte+Chemie+%28International+ed.+in+English%29&rft.issn=1521-3773&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fanie.201107452 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-07-09 N1 - Date created - 2012-03-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2012 Jul 16;51(29):7069 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201107452 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A closed-form analytical solution for thermal single-well injection-withdrawal tests AN - 1024656745; 16837690 AB - Thermal single-well injection-withdrawal (SWIW) tests entail pumping cold water into a hot and usually fractured reservoir, and monitoring the temperature recovery during subsequent backflow. Such tests have been proposed as a potential means to characterize properties of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS), such as fracture spacing, connectivity, and porosity. In this paper we develop an analytical solution for thermal SWIW tests, using an idealized model of a single vertical fracture with linear flow geometry embedded in impermeable conductive wall rocks. The analytical solution shows that the time dependence of temperature recovery is dominated by the heat exchange between fracture and matrix rock, but strong thermal diffusivities of rocks as compared to typical solute diffusivities are not necessarily advantageous for characterizing fracture-matrix interactions. The effect of fracture aperture on temperature recovery during backflow is weak, particularly when the fracture aperture is smaller than 0.1 cm. The solution also shows that temperature recovery during backflow is independent of the applied injection and backflow rates. This surprising result implies that temperature recovery is independent of the height of the fracture, or the specific fracture-matrix interface areas per unit fracture length, suggesting that thermal SWIW tests will not be able to characterize fracture growth that may be achieved by stimulation treatments. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Jung, Yoojin AU - Pruess, Karsten AD - Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2012/03/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 48 IS - 03 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - 1805 Hydrology: Computational hydrology KW - 5104 Physical Properties of Rocks: Fracture and flow KW - 5134 Physical Properties of Rocks: Thermal properties KW - Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) KW - Single-well injection-withdrawal (SWIW) test KW - analytical solution KW - fracture-matrix interaction KW - fractured reservoir KW - temperature tracer test KW - Reservoir KW - Heat exchange KW - Water resources KW - Model Testing KW - Heat Transfer KW - Solutes KW - Reservoirs KW - Abiotic factors KW - Testing Procedures KW - Temperature effects KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Porosity KW - Thermal diffusivity KW - Temperature KW - Fractures KW - Monitoring KW - Water resources research KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - Q2 09405:Oil and gas KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - SW 6050:Rock mechanics and geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1024656745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+closed-form+analytical+solution+for+thermal+single-well+injection-withdrawal+tests&rft.au=Jung%2C+Yoojin%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Yoojin&rft.date=2012-03-03&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=03&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011WR010979 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Reservoir; Solutes; Heat exchange; Thermal diffusivity; Porosity; Fractures; Water resources; Abiotic factors; Water resources research; Reservoirs; Temperature; Testing Procedures; Geologic Fractures; Model Testing; Heat Transfer; Monitoring DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR010979 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative analyses of foregut and hindgut bacterial communities in hoatzins and cows AN - 968172429; 16450322 AB - Foregut fermentation occurs in mammalian ruminants and in one bird, the South American folivorous hoatzin. This bird has an enlarged crop with a function analogous to the rumen, where foregut microbes degrade the otherwise indigestible plant matter, providing energy to the host from foregut fermentation, in addition to the fermentation that occurs in their hindguts (cecum/colon). As foregut fermentation represents an evolutionary convergence between hoatzins and ruminants, our aim was to compare the community structure of foregut and hindgut bacterial communities in the cow and hoatzin to evaluate the influences of host phylogeny and organ function in shaping the gut microbiome. The approach used was to hybridize amplified bacterial ribosomal RNA genes onto a high-density microarray (PhyloChip). The results show that the microbial communities cluster primarily by functional environment (foreguts cluster separately from hindguts) and then by host. Bacterial community diversity was higher in the cow than in the hoatzin. Overall, compared with hindguts, foreguts have higher proportions of Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes, and lower proportions of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. The main host differences in gut bacterial composition include a higher representation of Spirochaetes, Synergistetes and Verrucomicrobia in the cow. Despite the significant differences in host phylogeny, body size, physiology and diet, the function seems to shape the microbial communities involved in fermentation. Regardless of the independent origin of foregut fermentation in birds and mammals, organ function has led to convergence of the microbial community structure in phylogenetically distant hosts. JF - ISME Journal AU - Godoy-Vitorino, Filipa AU - Goldfarb, Katherine C AU - Karaoz, Ulas AU - Leal, Sara AU - Garcia-Amado, Maria A AU - Hugenholtz, Philip AU - Tringe, Susannah G AU - Brodie, Eoin L AU - Dominguez-Bello, Maria Gloria AD - 1] Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico [2] Microbial Ecology Program, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - Mar 2012 SP - 531 EP - 541 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Body size KW - Cecum KW - Colon KW - Community structure KW - Convergence KW - Crop KW - Diets KW - Digestive tract KW - Energy KW - Evolution KW - Fermentation KW - Foregut KW - Hindgut KW - Host plants KW - Phylogeny KW - Rumen KW - rRNA KW - Ruminantia KW - Proteobacteria KW - Firmicutes KW - Verrucomicrobia KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01310:Products of Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968172429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Comparative+analyses+of+foregut+and+hindgut+bacterial+communities+in+hoatzins+and+cows&rft.au=Godoy-Vitorino%2C+Filipa%3BGoldfarb%2C+Katherine+C%3BKaraoz%2C+Ulas%3BLeal%2C+Sara%3BGarcia-Amado%2C+Maria+A%3BHugenholtz%2C+Philip%3BTringe%2C+Susannah+G%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin+L%3BDominguez-Bello%2C+Maria+Gloria&rft.aulast=Godoy-Vitorino&rft.aufirst=Filipa&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2011.131 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Diets; Crop; Rumen; Fermentation; Host plants; rRNA; Hindgut; Digestive tract; Colon; Convergence; Community structure; Energy; Body size; Cecum; Foregut; Evolution; Ruminantia; Verrucomicrobia; Firmicutes; Proteobacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2011.131 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The speciation of marine particulate iron adjacent to active and passive continental margins AN - 959096476; 2012-033895 AB - We use synchrotron-based chemical-species mapping techniques to compare the speciation of suspended (1-51 mu m) marine particulate iron collected in two open ocean environments adjacent to active and passive continental margins. Chemical-species mapping provides speciation information for heterogeneous environmental samples, and is especially good for detecting spectroscopically distinct trace minerals and species that could not be detectable by other methods. The average oxidation state of marine particulate iron determined by chemical-species mapping is comparable to that determined by standard bulk X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure spectroscopy. Using chemical-species mapping, we find that up to 43% of particulate Fe in the Northwest Pacific at the depth of the adjacent active continental margin is in the Fe(II) state, with the balance Fe(III). In contrast, particulate iron in the eastern tropical North Atlantic, which receives the highest dust deposition on Earth and is adjacent to a passive margin, is dominated by weathered and oxidized Fe compounds, with Fe(III) contributing 90% of total iron. The balance is composed primarily of Fe(II)-containing species, but we detected individual pyrite particles in some samples within an oxygen minimum zone in the upper thermocline. Several lines of evidence point to the adjacent Mauritanian continental shelf as the source of pyrite to the water column. The speciation of suspended marine particulate iron reflects the mineralogy of iron from the adjacent continental margins. Since the solubility of particulate iron has been shown to be a function of its speciation, this may have implications for the bioavailability of particulate iron adjacent to passive compared to active continental margins. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Lam, Phoebe J AU - Ohnemus, Daniel C AU - Marcus, Matthew A Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - March 2012 SP - 108 EP - 124 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 80 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - mass spectra KW - suspended materials KW - bioavailability KW - iron KW - West Pacific KW - XANES spectra KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - particulate materials KW - Northwest Pacific KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - active margins KW - continental margin KW - Northeast Atlantic KW - passive margins KW - X-ray spectra KW - Mauritania KW - ICP mass spectra KW - West Africa KW - plate tectonics KW - North Pacific KW - metals KW - Pacific Ocean KW - EXAFS data KW - Africa KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/959096476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+speciation+of+marine+particulate+iron+adjacent+to+active+and+passive+continental+margins&rft.au=Lam%2C+Phoebe+J%3BOhnemus%2C+Daniel+C%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A&rft.aulast=Lam&rft.aufirst=Phoebe&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2011.11.044 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active margins; Africa; Atlantic Ocean; bioavailability; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; continental margin; EXAFS data; geochemistry; ICP mass spectra; iron; marine sediments; mass spectra; Mauritania; metals; North Atlantic; North Pacific; Northeast Atlantic; Northwest Pacific; Pacific Ocean; particulate materials; passive margins; plate tectonics; sediments; spectra; suspended materials; West Africa; West Pacific; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.11.044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding wind turbine price trends in the US over the past decade AN - 927680933; 4274077 AB - On a $/kW basis, wind turbine prices in the U.S. have declined by nearly one-third on average since 2008, after having previously doubled over the period from 2002 through 2008. These two substantial and opposing trends over the past decade - and particularly the earlier price doubling - run counter to the smooth, gradually declining cost trajectories predicted by standard learning curve theory. Taking a bottom-up approach, we examine seven possible drivers of wind turbine prices in the U.S., with the goal of estimating the degree to which each contributed to the doubling in turbine prices from 2002 through 2008, as well as the subsequent decline in prices through 2010. In aggregate, these seven drivers - which include changes in labor costs, warranty provisions, manufacturer profitability, turbine scaling, raw materials prices, energy prices, and foreign exchange rates - explain from 70% to 90% (depending on the year) of empirically observed wind turbine price movements in the U.S. through 2010. Turbine scaling is found to have been the largest single contributor to the price doubling through 2008, although the incremental cost of scaling has been justified by greater energy capture, resulting in a lower cost of wind generation. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Bolinger, Mark AU - Wiser, R AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - Mar 2012 SP - 628 EP - 641 VL - 42 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Economics KW - Pricing KW - Energy prices KW - Equipment KW - Wind energy KW - Profitability KW - Manufacturing KW - U.S.A. KW - Raw materials KW - Renewable energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/927680933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Understanding+wind+turbine+price+trends+in+the+US+over+the+past+decade&rft.au=Bolinger%2C+Mark%3BWiser%2C+R&rft.aulast=Bolinger&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=628&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2011.12.036 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 13568 4246; 4379; 10119; 10876 4271; 7665 6431; 10316; 4263 10107; 10624; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.12.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adaptation of California's electricity sector to climate change AN - 923195473; 16324770 AB - Climate change is likely to pose considerable new challenges to California's electricity sector. This paper primarily focuses on the adaptation challenges of an important component of the energy arena: electricity demand in the residential and commercial sectors and electricity supply. The primary challenge to California's electricity sector will likely be the increase in demand for air conditioning as a result of rising temperatures. In addition, renewable energy sources, which are an increasing share of the electricity portfolio, are particularly vulnerable to climate change. Many of the key players have been actively considering the implications of climate change. Because electricity generation accounts for nearly 30% of greenhouse gas emissions, this sector has been a target of the state's efforts to reduce emissions. Fortunately, many of the same tools can simultaneously improve the sector's resilience to a changing climate. Demand management strategies and supply diversification are both important strategies. Local governments can play a central role in encouraging the adoption of more energy efficient building codes and the use of more renewable sources, such as solar energy. The positive steps taken by many local governments are encouraging. Steps to increase public awareness are an important, often missing component, however. Increases in research, development, and demonstration to improve system resiliency and develop new energy conservation tools are also needed. JF - Climatic Change AU - Vine, Edward AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90-4000, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, elvine@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - March 2012 SP - 75 EP - 99 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 111 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Air conditioning KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Energy conservation KW - Emission control KW - adaptability KW - portfolios KW - Emissions KW - USA, California KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Solar energy KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/923195473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Adaptation+of+California%27s+electricity+sector+to+climate+change&rft.au=Vine%2C+Edward&rft.aulast=Vine&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-011-0242-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Energy conservation; Greenhouse gases; Solar energy; Air conditioning; Climate; portfolios; Emissions; Emission control; adaptability; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0242-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling seismic stimulation; enhanced non-aqueous fluid extraction from saturated porous media under pore-pressure pulsing at low frequencies AN - 1739087247; 2015-113955 AB - Seismic stimulation, the application of low-frequency stress-pulsing to the boundary of a porous medium containing water and a non-aqueous fluid to enhance the removal of the latter, shows great promise for both contaminated groundwater remediation and enhanced oil recovery, but theory to elucidate the underlying mechanisms lag significantly behind the progress achieved in experimental research. We address this conceptual lacuna by formulating a boundary-value problem to describe pore-pressure pulsing at seismic frequencies that is based on the continuum theory of poroelasticity for an elastic porous medium permeated by two immiscible fluids. An exact analytical solution is presented that is applied numerically using elasticity parameters and hydraulic data relevant to recent proof-of-principle laboratory experiments investigating the stimulation-induced mobilization of trichloroethene (TCE) in water flowing through a compressed sand core. The numerical results indicated that significant stimulation-induced increases of the TCE concentration in effluent can be expected from pore-pressure pulsing in the frequency range of 25-100Hz, which is in good agreement with what was observed in the laboratory experiments. Sensitivity analysis of our numerical results revealed that the TCE concentration in the effluent increases with the porous medium framework compressibility and the pulsing pressure. Increasing compressibility also leads to an optimal stimulation response at lower frequencies, whereas changing the pulsing pressure does not affect the optimal stimulation frequency. Within the context of our model, the dominant physical cause for enhancement of non-aqueous fluid mobility by seismic stimulation is the dilatory motion of the porous medium in which the solid and fluid phases undergo opposite displacements, resulting in stress-induced changes of the pore volume. JF - Journal of Applied Geophysics AU - Lo, Wei-Cheng AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Huang, Yu-Han Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - March 2012 SP - 77 EP - 84 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 78 SN - 0926-9851, 0926-9851 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethane KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - frequency KW - remediation KW - sensitivity analysis KW - pore pressure KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - applications KW - concentration KW - elasticity KW - pollutants KW - poroelasticity KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - enhanced recovery KW - equations KW - boundary conditions KW - seismic methods KW - organic compounds KW - dilation KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739087247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Modeling+seismic+stimulation%3B+enhanced+non-aqueous+fluid+extraction+from+saturated+porous+media+under+pore-pressure+pulsing+at+low+frequencies&rft.au=Lo%2C+Wei-Cheng%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BHuang%2C+Yu-Han&rft.aulast=Lo&rft.aufirst=Wei-Cheng&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Geophysics&rft.issn=09269851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jappgeo.2011.06.027 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09269851 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - European Geosciences Union general assembly 2010 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - GEOXAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; boundary conditions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; dilation; elasticity; enhanced recovery; equations; fluid flow; fluid phase; frequency; geophysical methods; halogenated hydrocarbons; mathematical models; organic compounds; petroleum; pollutants; pollution; pore pressure; poroelasticity; porous materials; remediation; seismic methods; sensitivity analysis; trichloroethane DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2011.06.027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Revealing the coupled cation interactions behind the electrochemical profile of Li sub(x)Ni sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) AN - 1701040272; 18517779 AB - We present first-principles energy calculations and a cluster expansion model of the ionic ordering in Li sub(x)Ni sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 1), one of the proposed high-energy density next-generation Li-ion cathode materials. The developed model predicts an intricate relationship between the preferred Li-vacancy ordering and the Ni/Mn configuration, which explains the difference in intermediate ground states between ordered (P4 sub(3)32) and disordered (Fd3&cmb.macr; m) Ni/Mn configuration. The phase sequence as a function of lithiation as well as the voltage profile are well matched with experimental results. Understanding of the inherent chemical interactions and their impact on the performance of an energy storage material is essential when designing and optimizing Li-ion electrode materials. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Lee, Eunseok AU - Persson, Kristin A AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; California; USA eunseoklee@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - Mar 2012 SP - 6047 EP - 6051 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Mathematical models KW - Density KW - Voltage KW - Nickel KW - Electric potential KW - Order disorder KW - Manganese KW - Optimization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701040272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Revealing+the+coupled+cation+interactions+behind+the+electrochemical+profile+of+Li+sub%28x%29Ni+sub%280.5%29Mn+sub%281.5%29O+sub%284%29&rft.au=Lee%2C+Eunseok%3BPersson%2C+Kristin+A&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Eunseok&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=6047&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2ee03068c LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ee03068c ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complex fluid flow revealed by monitoring CO (sub 2) injection in a fluvial formation AN - 1645571440; 2015-006526 AB - At Cranfield, Mississippi, United States, a large-scale carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) injection through an injection well ( approximately 3,080 m deep) was continuously monitored using U-tube samplers in two observation wells located 68 and 112 m east of the injector. The Lower Tuscaloosa Formation injection zone, which consists of amalgamated fluvial point-bar and channel-fill deposits, presents an interesting environment for studying fluid flow in heterogeneous formations. Continual fluid sampling was carried out during the first month of CO2 injection. Two subsequent tracer tests using sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and krypton were conducted at different injection rates to measure flow velocity change. The field observations showed significant heterogeneity of fluid flow and for the first time clearly demonstrated that fluid flow evolved with time and injection rate. It was found the wells were connected through numerous, separate flow pathways. CO (sub 2) flowed through an increasing fraction of the reservoir and sweep efficiency improved with time. The field study also first documented in situ component exchange between brine and gas phases during CO (sub 2) injection. It was found that CH (sub 4) degassed from brine and is enriched along the gas-water contact. Multiple injectate flow fronts with high CH (sub 4) concentration arrived at different times and led to gas composition fluctuations in the observation wells. The findings provide valuable insights into heterogeneous multiphase flow in rock formations and show that conventional geological models and static fluid flow simulations are unable to fully describe the heterogeneous and dynamic flow during fluid injection. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Lu, Jiemin AU - Cook, Paul J AU - Hosseini, Seyyed A AU - Yang, Changbing AU - Romanak, Katherine D AU - Zhang, Tongwei AU - Freifeld, Barry M AU - Smyth, Rebecca C AU - Zeng, Hongliu AU - Hovorka, Susan D Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - March 2012 EP - B03208 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 117 IS - B3 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - North America KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - Cretaceous KW - Mississippi KW - fluid flow KW - gas storage KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - Mesozoic KW - carbon dioxide KW - Adams County Mississippi KW - fluid injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - paleoenvironment KW - Cranfield Mississippi KW - reservoir properties KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - fluvial environment KW - clastic rocks KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645571440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Complex+fluid+flow+revealed+by+monitoring+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+in+a+fluvial+formation&rft.au=Lu%2C+Jiemin%3BCook%2C+Paul+J%3BHosseini%2C+Seyyed+A%3BYang%2C+Changbing%3BRomanak%2C+Katherine+D%3BZhang%2C+Tongwei%3BFreifeld%2C+Barry+M%3BSmyth%2C+Rebecca+C%3BZeng%2C+Hongliu%3BHovorka%2C+Susan+D&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Jiemin&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=B3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011JB008939 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Mississippi; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; Cranfield Mississippi; Cretaceous; fluid flow; fluid injection; fluvial environment; gas storage; Gulf Coastal Plain; Mesozoic; Mississippi; monitoring; North America; paleoenvironment; reservoir properties; sedimentary rocks; Tuscaloosa Formation; United States; Upper Cretaceous DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008939 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale modeling of viscous flow and induced forces in dense sphere packings AN - 1316371768; 2013-024433 AB - We propose a method for effectively upscaling incompressible viscous flow in large random polydispersed sphere packings: the emphasis of this method is on the determination of the forces applied on the solid particles by the fluid. Pore bodies and their connections are defined locally through a regular Delaunay triangulation of the packings. Viscous flow equations are upscaled at the pore level, and approximated with a finite volume numerical scheme. We compare numerical simulations of the proposed method to detailed finite element simulations of the Stokes equations for assemblies of 8-200 spheres. A good agreement is found both in terms of forces exerted on the solid particles and effective permeability coefficients. Copyright 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Chareyre, Bruno AU - Cortis, Andrea AU - Catalano, Emanuele AU - Barthelemy, Eric Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - March 2012 SP - 473 EP - 493 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 92 IS - 2 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - discrete element analysis KW - numerical models KW - viscous materials KW - porous materials KW - mechanical properties KW - fluid dynamics KW - triangulation KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - geometry KW - finite element analysis KW - scale models KW - granular materials KW - saturation KW - volume KW - packing KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1316371768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+modeling+of+viscous+flow+and+induced+forces+in+dense+sphere+packings&rft.au=Chareyre%2C+Bruno%3BCortis%2C+Andrea%3BCatalano%2C+Emanuele%3BBarthelemy%2C+Eric&rft.aulast=Chareyre&rft.aufirst=Bruno&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-011-9915-6 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - discrete element analysis; finite element analysis; fluid dynamics; geometry; granular materials; mechanical properties; numerical models; packing; permeability; porosity; porous materials; saturation; scale models; simulation; triangulation; viscous materials; volume DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-011-9915-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring in situ bioremediation at the Rifle, Colorado IFRC site with nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic susceptibility measurements AN - 1039362775; 640147-80 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Keating, Kristina AU - Williams, Kenneth AU - Ntarlagiannis, Dimitris AU - Slater, Lee AU - Momayez, Moe Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - March 2012 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Denver, CO VL - 2012 SN - 1554-8015, 1554-8015 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1039362775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Monitoring+in+situ+bioremediation+at+the+Rifle%2C+Colorado+IFRC+site+with+nuclear+magnetic+resonance+and+magnetic+susceptibility+measurements&rft.au=Keating%2C+Kristina%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth%3BNtarlagiannis%2C+Dimitris%3BSlater%2C+Lee%3BMomayez%2C+Moe&rft.aulast=Keating&rft.aufirst=Kristina&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=%3F&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=15548015&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Proceedings of the 25th symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering & environmental problems on Making waves; geophysical innovations for a thirsty world N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perovskite phase relations in the system CaO-MgO-TiO (sub 2) -SiO (sub 2) and implications for deep mantle lithologies AN - 1011393864; 2012-043535 AB - Experiments at 20-97 GPa and 2000 K in the system CaO-MgO-TiO (sub 2) -SiO (sub 2) constrain phase relations involving Mg-rich and Ca-rich perovskite solid solutions at conditions relevant to the Earth's deep Transition Zone and lower mantle. Bulk compositions were investigated with molar Ti/(Ti+Si) up to 0.5 within the quasi-ternary 'perovskite plane', which is defined by a reciprocal solution among the components MgSiO (sub 3) , MgTiO (sub 3) , CaSiO (sub 3) , and CaTiO (sub 3) . Multi-anvil experiments at 20?GPa and 2000?K on bulk compositions within the plane produce akimotoite coexisting with Ca-perovskites that lie close to the CaSiO (sub 3) -CaTiO (sub 3) join. Higher-pressure experiments using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell constrain the position of a two-perovskite field that extends into the perovskite plane from the solvus along the MgSiO (sub 3) -CaSiO (sub 3) binary join, where limited mutual solubility exists between MgSiO (sub 3) and CaSiO (sub 3) perovskites. On the join MgSiO (sub 3) -MgTiO (sub 3) , MgTiO (sub 3) solubility in MgSiO (sub 3) perovskite increases with pressure, with MgSi (sub 0.8) Ti (sub 0.2) O (sub 3) perovskite stable at approximately 50 GPa. Limited reciprocal solution at approximately 25 GPa results in an expansive two-perovskite field that occupies much of the Si-rich portion of the perovskite plane. Solution of Ti into Mg-rich and Ca-rich perovskites enhances the solubility of reciprocal Ca and Mg components, respectively. Increase in pressure promotes reciprocal solution, and the two-phase field collapses rapidly with pressure toward the MgSiO (sub 3) -CaSiO (sub 3) join. We find that a single-phase, orthorhombic perovskite with near equimolar Ca and Mg is stable in a composition with Ti/(Ti+Si) of only 0.05 at 97 GPa, requiring that by this pressure the two-phase field occupies a small area close to the MgSiO (sub 3) -CaSiO (sub 3) join. On the basis of experiments at approximately 1500 K, temperature has only a mild effect on the position of the Ca-rich limb of the solvus. Ca(Ti,Si)O (sub 3) mineral inclusions in deep sublithospheric diamonds could not have formed in equilibrium with Mg-perovskite owing to their virtual lack of MgSiO (sub 3) component at pressures of Mg-perovskite stability, but may have equilibrated with Transition Zone MgSiO (sub 3) -rich phases at lower pressures; this observation can be extended generally to near-endmember CaSiO (sub 3) inclusions. On an iron-free basis, the average bulk compositions of clinopyroxene-ilmenite and orthopyroxene-ilmenite megacrysts from kimberlites plot in single-perovskite fields at pressures greater than about 45 and 65 GPa, respectively, when projected onto the perovskite plane. We predict that the effect of iron will not be large, and estimate that single-phase perovskites may form at somewhat lower pressures than in the iron-free system. Thus, the origin of pyroxene-ilmenite megacrysts from single-phase perovskite solutions in the lower mantle is plausible on the basis of phase relations, although a lower pressure magmatic origin appears more likely. Deeply subducted Ti-rich lithologies such as ocean-island basalt will crystallize a single perovskite rather than a two-perovskite assemblage beginning at pressures of approximately 80 ?GPa. Normal mid-ocean ridge basalt and primitive mantle peridotite are expected to remain within a two-phase perovskite field until Mg-perovskite transforms to post-perovskite. JF - Journal of Petrology AU - Armstrong, L S AU - Walter, M J AU - Tuff, J R AU - Lord, O T AU - Lennie, A R AU - Kleppe, A K AU - Clark, S M Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - March 2012 SP - 611 EP - 635 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3530, 0022-3530 KW - experimental studies KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - perovskite KW - mantle KW - solid solution KW - ultramafics KW - lower mantle KW - titanium oxides KW - plutonic rocks KW - transition zones KW - phase equilibria KW - silica KW - mid-ocean ridge basalts KW - basalts KW - peridotites KW - magnesium oxides KW - oxides KW - chemical composition KW - ocean-island basalts KW - geochemistry KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1011393864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Petrology&rft.atitle=Perovskite+phase+relations+in+the+system+CaO-MgO-TiO+%28sub+2%29+-SiO+%28sub+2%29+and+implications+for+deep+mantle+lithologies&rft.au=Armstrong%2C+L+S%3BWalter%2C+M+J%3BTuff%2C+J+R%3BLord%2C+O+T%3BLennie%2C+A+R%3BKleppe%2C+A+K%3BClark%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=611&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Petrology&rft.issn=00223530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fpetrology%2Fegr073 L2 - http://petrology.oxfordjournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 111 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JPTGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; chemical composition; experimental studies; geochemistry; igneous rocks; lower mantle; magnesium oxides; mantle; mid-ocean ridge basalts; ocean-island basalts; oxides; peridotites; perovskite; phase equilibria; plutonic rocks; silica; solid solution; titanium oxides; transition zones; ultramafics; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egr073 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimal Planning and Operation of Smart Grids with Electric Vehicle Interconnection AN - 1827907679; PQ0003647963 AB - Connection of electric storage technologies to smart grids will have substantial implications for building energy systems. Local storage will enable demand response. When connected to buildings, mobile storage devices, such as electric vehicles (EVs), are in competition with conventional stationary sources at the building.These EVs can change the financial and environmental attractiveness of on-site generation [e.g., photovoltaic (PV) or fuel cells (FCs)]. To examine the effect of EVs on building energy costs and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, a distributed-energy resources adoption problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program with minimization of annual building energy costs or CO2 emissions and solved for 2020 technology assumptions. The mixed-integer linear program is applied to a set of 139 different commercial buildings in California, and example results and the aggregated economic and environmental benefits are reported. Special constraints for the available PV, solar thermal, and EV parking lots at the commercial buildings are considered. The research shows that EV batteries can be used to reduce utility-related energy costs at the smart grid or commercial building due to arbitrage of energy between buildings with different tariffs. However, putting more emphasis on CO2 emissions makes stationary storage more attractive, and stationary storage capacities increase, whereas the attractiveness of EVs decreases. The limited availability of EVs at the commercial building decreases the attractiveness of EVs, and if PV is chosen by the optimization, then it is mostly used to charge the stationary storage at the commercial building and not the EVs connected to the building. JF - Journal of Energy Engineering AU - Stadler, M AU - Marnay, C AU - Kloess, M AU - Cardoso, G AU - Mendes, G AU - Siddiqui, A AU - Sharma, R AU - Megel, O AU - Lai, J AD - Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS: 90-1121, Berkeley, CA 94720; and Center for Energy and Innovative Technologies, Hofamt Priel, Austria., MStadler@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/02/18/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 18 SP - 95 EP - 108 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, 345 E. 47th St. New York NY 10017-2398 United States VL - 138 IS - 2 SN - 0733-9402, 0733-9402 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Technical Papers KW - Emissions KW - Energy storage KW - Sustainable development KW - Commercial buildings KW - Vehicles KW - Optimization KW - California KW - Carbon emissions KW - Combined heat and power KW - Distributed energy resources KW - Electric vehicle KW - Load shifting KW - Microgrid KW - Smart grid KW - Storage technologies KW - Fuel technology KW - Buildings KW - Storage KW - Stationary sources KW - Batteries KW - INE, USA, California KW - Energy KW - Solar cells KW - Economics KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Competition KW - Technology KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827907679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Energy+Engineering&rft.atitle=Optimal+Planning+and+Operation+of+Smart+Grids+with+Electric+Vehicle+Interconnection&rft.au=Stadler%2C+M%3BMarnay%2C+C%3BKloess%2C+M%3BCardoso%2C+G%3BMendes%2C+G%3BSiddiqui%2C+A%3BSharma%2C+R%3BMegel%2C+O%3BLai%2C+J&rft.aulast=Stadler&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2012-02-18&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Energy+Engineering&rft.issn=07339402&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%29EY.1943-7897.0000070 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Fuel technology; Stationary sources; Batteries; Solar cells; Energy; Economics; Emissions; Carbon dioxide; Competition; Buildings; Technology; INE, USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000070 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards the understanding of coatings on rate performance of LiFePO sub(4) AN - 918053184; 16127139 AB - Stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric LiFePO sub(4 nanoparticles (sub 100 nm) were synthesized and compared to carbon coated LiFePO) sub(4) particles (super 100 nm) of similar electrode composition for rate performance. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transition electron microscopy (HRTEM) where amorphous layers (<5 nm) were observed on both the non-stoichiometric and carbon-coated LiFePO sub(4 primary particles. Secondary particles of stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric sub 100 nm particles were confirmed by TEM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All three materials display similar particle size distributions as measured with a particle size analyzer and an SEM, indicating that the sub 100 nm particles form secondary particles of approximately the same size as the carbon coated super 100 nm particles. The electronic conductivity measurements of each material indicate that the non-stoichiometric LiFePO) sub(4) measures between 4.5 x 10 super(-5 and 2.18 x 10) super(-)4 S cm super(-1, 8 orders of magnitude lower than the conductivity of the carbon coated super 100 nm LiFePO) sub(4). Rate tests of the electrodes demonstrate faster charge and discharge capability as the level of conductive additive in the electrodes approaches 15 wt%. All three materials demonstrate solid state diffusion limitations: electrodes of the non-stoichiometric and the carbon coated material both show extreme high rate performance with the addition of 15% carbon additive. A simple calculation indicates that this is the level of carbon additive needed to completely coat particles of 100 nm in size. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Chong, Jin AU - Xun, Shidi AU - Song, Xiangyun AU - Ridgway, Paul AU - Liu, Gao AU - Battaglia, Vincent S AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, sxun@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/02/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 15 SP - 67 EP - 76 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 200 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - LiFePO4 KW - Carbon coating KW - Li4P2O7 coating KW - Electronic conductivity KW - Li+ diffusion KW - Lithium ion batteries KW - Particle size KW - Electrodes KW - Microscopy KW - Diffusion KW - Particulates KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Additives KW - Coatings KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918053184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Towards+the+understanding+of+coatings+on+rate+performance+of+LiFePO+sub%284%29&rft.au=Chong%2C+Jin%3BXun%2C+Shidi%3BSong%2C+Xiangyun%3BRidgway%2C+Paul%3BLiu%2C+Gao%3BBattaglia%2C+Vincent+S&rft.aulast=Chong&rft.aufirst=Jin&rft.date=2012-02-15&rft.volume=200&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2011.10.073 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Microscopy; Electrodes; Diffusion; Particulates; X-ray diffraction; Additives; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.10.073 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Femtosecond time-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of charge transfer dynamics in novel photovoltaic systems T2 - 2012 Gordon Research Conference on Photoions, Photoionization & Photodetachment AN - 1313010091; 6159936 JF - 2012 Gordon Research Conference on Photoions, Photoionization & Photodetachment AU - Gessner, Oliver Y1 - 2012/02/12/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 12 KW - Photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Solar cells KW - Ionizing radiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313010091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Gordon+Research+Conference+on+Photoions%2C+Photoionization+%26+Photodetachment&rft.atitle=Femtosecond+time-resolved+x-ray+photoelectron+spectroscopy+studies+of+charge+transfer+dynamics+in+novel+photovoltaic+systems&rft.au=Gessner%2C+Oliver&rft.aulast=Gessner&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft.date=2012-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Gordon+Research+Conference+on+Photoions%2C+Photoionization+%26+Photodetachment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.grc.org/programs.aspx?year=2012&program=photoions LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unifying natural and laboratory chemical weathering with interfacial dissolution-reprecipitation; a study based on the nanometer scale chemistry of fluid-silicate interfaces AN - 1037239009; 2012-078166 AB - Chemical weathering reactions of rocks at Earth's surface play a major role in the chemical cycle of elements, and represent one of the major abiotic sinks for atmospheric CO (sub 2) . Because natural chemical weathering reactions occur at different and more complex chemical conditions than laboratory-based weathering experiments, it has long been thought that the underlying fluid-mineral interaction mechanisms are different. In contrast to most previous studies that have relied on ion, electron, and X-ray beam techniques (characterized by mu m to mm lateral spatial resolution) to obtain chemical depth profiles of altered mineral surfaces, we have used high resolution and energy filtered transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM, EFTEM) to study mineral-fluid interfaces using TEM foils cut directly across the reaction boundaries. This allowed measurements to be made directly in cross section at nanometer to sub-nanometer-resolution. Our measurements of the surface chemistry and structure of a large suite of laboratory-altered and field-weathered silicate minerals indicate the general presence of surface layers composed of amorphous, hydrated silica. In each case, the boundary between the parent mineral and the corresponding silica layer is characterized by sharp, nanometer-scale chemical concentration jumps that are spatially coincident with a very sharp crystalline-amorphous interfacial boundary. TEM, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and aqueous chemistry data suggest that the surface layers are permeable to fluids. Taken together, our measurements are not in agreement with currently accepted models for chemical weathering, in particular the leached layer theory. Most importantly, our data provide critical evidence for a single mechanism based on interfacial dissolution-reprecipitation. This concept not only unifies weathering processes for the first time, but we also suggest that nanoscale-surface processes can have a potentially negative impact on CO (sub 2) uptake associated with chemical weathering. The results in this study, when combined with recently published research on fluid-assisted mineral replacement reactions, supports the idea that dissolution-reprecipitation is a universal mechanism controlling fluid-mineral interactions (Putnis and Putnis, 2007). Based on this we propose the existence of a chemical weathering continuum based solely on the interfacial dissolution-reprecipitation mechanism. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Hellmann, R AU - Wirth, R AU - Daval, D AU - Barnes, Jean-Paul AU - Penisson, J M AU - Tisserand, D AU - Epicier, Thierry AU - Florin, Brigitte AU - Hervig, R L Y1 - 2012/02/10/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 10 SP - 203 EP - 216 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 294-295 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - silicates KW - chemical weathering KW - diffusion KW - carbon sequestration KW - fluid phase KW - solution KW - weathering KW - TEM data KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - precipitation KW - mathematical methods KW - crystal chemistry KW - nanoparticles KW - pH KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1037239009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Unifying+natural+and+laboratory+chemical+weathering+with+interfacial+dissolution-reprecipitation%3B+a+study+based+on+the+nanometer+scale+chemistry+of+fluid-silicate+interfaces&rft.au=Hellmann%2C+R%3BWirth%2C+R%3BDaval%2C+D%3BBarnes%2C+Jean-Paul%3BPenisson%2C+J+M%3BTisserand%2C+D%3BEpicier%2C+Thierry%3BFlorin%2C+Brigitte%3BHervig%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Hellmann&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-02-10&rft.volume=294-295&rft.issue=&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2011.12.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 113 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-31 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; crystal chemistry; diffusion; fluid phase; mathematical methods; models; nanoparticles; pH; precipitation; silicates; solution; TEM data; water-rock interaction; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.12.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the direct benefits of cool roofs in an urban setting: Reduced cooling energy use and lowered greenhouse gas emissions AN - 902375010; 15893516 AB - Cool roofs, cool pavements, and urban vegetation reduce cooling energy use in buildings, lower local air pollution, and decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from urban areas. To promote widespread and large-scale implementation of cool roofs to moderate urban heat-island phenomenon, more awareness and understanding of cool roof benefits at the local level is needed. As part of an investigation of strategies to mitigate urban heat-island effects, field data gathered from a monitoring project on cool roofs in India were reviewed. An innovative field-based analytical method was developed to quantify cooling energy savings resulting from the installation of cool roofs on commercial buildings. For buildings monitored in the Metropolitan Hyderabad region, the measured annual energy savings from roof-whitening of previously black roofs ranged from 20 to 22 kWh/m2 of roof area, corresponding to a cooling energy use reduction of 14-26%. The application of white coatings to uncoated concrete roofs resulted in annual savings of 13-14 kWh/m2 of roof area, corresponding to cooling energy savings of 10-19%. The annual direct CO2 reductions associated with the reduced cooling energy use were estimated to be 11-12 kg CO2/m2 of flat roof area. Additional field work on various building types and locations will help to understand magnitudes of regional or global potential in energy savings and GHG emission reductions from applying cool roofs. Knowledge about quantified cool roof benefits at both the local and regional level may promote the formulation of new policies and programs throughout the world. JF - Building and Environment AU - Xu, Tengfang AU - Sathaye, Jayant AU - Akbari, Hashem AU - Garg, Vishal AU - Tetali, Surekha AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), One Cyclotron Road, MS90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, TTXu@LBL.Gov Y1 - 2012/02// PY - 2012 DA - Feb 2012 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 48 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Urban heat-island KW - Cool roof KW - Energy savings KW - Greenhouse gas KW - Mitigation measure KW - Field-based analytical method KW - Air pollution KW - India, Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad KW - Reviews KW - Energy conservation KW - Emissions KW - Energy consumption KW - innovations KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Buildings KW - India KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902375010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+direct+benefits+of+cool+roofs+in+an+urban+setting%3A+Reduced+cooling+energy+use+and+lowered+greenhouse+gas+emissions&rft.au=Xu%2C+Tengfang%3BSathaye%2C+Jayant%3BAkbari%2C+Hashem%3BGarg%2C+Vishal%3BTetali%2C+Surekha&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Tengfang&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2011.08.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Reviews; Emissions; Energy conservation; innovations; Energy consumption; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Buildings; India, Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad; India DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.08.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "Super-parameterization": A better way to simulate regional extreme precipitation? AN - 1529946785; 19802742 AB - Extreme precipitation is generally underestimated by current climate models relative to observations of present-day rainfall distributions. Possible causes of this systematic error include the convective parameterization in these models that have been designed to reproduce measurements of climatological mean precipitation. One possible approach to improve the interaction of subgrid-scale physical processes and large-scale climate is to replace the conventional convective parameterizations with a high-resolution cloud-system resolving model. A "super-parameterized" Community Atmosphere Model (SP-CAM) utilizing this approach is used in this study to investigate the distribution of extreme precipitation in the United States. Results show that SP-CAM better simulates the distributions of both light and intense precipitation compared to the standard version of CAM based upon conventional parameterizations. The improvements are mostly seen in regions dominated by convective precipitation, suggesting that super-parameterization provides a better representation of subgrid convective processes. Key Points * "Super-parameterization" GCM better simulates extreme precipitation JF - Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems AU - Li, Fuyu AU - Rosa, Daniele AU - Collins, William D AU - Wehner, Michael F AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2012/02// PY - 2012 DA - February 2012 SP - [np] PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1942-2466, 1942-2466 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - cloud resolving model KW - extreme precipitation KW - super-parameterization KW - Climate change KW - Climatological means KW - Parameterization KW - Atmosphere KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Rainfall Distribution KW - Precipitation KW - Convective precipitation KW - Errors KW - Systematics KW - Model Studies KW - Convective Precipitation KW - Clouds KW - USA KW - General circulation models KW - Convective activity KW - Standards KW - Rainfall distribution KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529946785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems&rft.atitle=%22Super-parameterization%22%3A+A+better+way+to+simulate+regional+extreme+precipitation%3F&rft.au=Li%2C+Fuyu%3BRosa%2C+Daniele%3BCollins%2C+William+D%3BWehner%2C+Michael+F&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Fuyu&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems&rft.issn=19422466&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011MS000106 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Parameterization; Atmospheric circulation; Clouds; Climate models; General circulation models; Convective activity; Climatological means; Convective precipitation; Rainfall distribution; Precipitation; Climates; Standards; Rainfall Distribution; Systematics; Errors; Atmosphere; Convective Precipitation; Model Studies; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011MS000106 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Autonomous exploration of carbon flux sedimentation in the twilight zone AN - 1529791942; 2014-033816 JF - Ocean Sciences Meeting AU - Bishop, J K AU - Wood, T J AU - The Oceanography, Society AU - American Society of Limnology and, Oceanography AU - American Geophysical, Union Y1 - 2012/02// PY - 2012 DA - February 2012 SP - 38 PB - American Geophysical Union (AGU), [varies] VL - 2012 KW - East Pacific KW - currents KW - sea water KW - California Current KW - Northeast Pacific KW - sedimentation KW - hydrochemistry KW - ocean currents KW - marine sedimentation KW - depth KW - geochemical cycle KW - North Pacific KW - carbon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529791942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.atitle=Autonomous+exploration+of+carbon+flux+sedimentation+in+the+twilight+zone&rft.au=Bishop%2C+J+K%3BWood%2C+T+J%3BThe+Oceanography%2C+Society%3BAmerican+Society+of+Limnology+and%2C+Oceanography%3BAmerican+Geophysical%2C+Union&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - The Oceanography Society, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, American Geophysical Union 2012 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - CODEN - #07653 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California Current; carbon; carbon cycle; chemical composition; currents; depth; East Pacific; geochemical cycle; hydrochemistry; marine sedimentation; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean currents; organic carbon; Pacific Ocean; sea water; sedimentation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An investigation into the distribution of hydrocarbons in sediments and the subsurface water column after the 2010 explosion of the Macondo 252 oil rig AN - 1507174650; 2014-015519 JF - Ocean Sciences Meeting AU - Spier, C L AU - Stringfellow, W T AU - Hazen, T AU - Conrad, M Y1 - 2012/02// PY - 2012 DA - February 2012 SP - 437 PB - American Geophysical Union (AGU), [varies] VL - 2012 KW - sea water KW - explosions KW - pollutants KW - marine pollution KW - pollution KW - Deepwater Horizon oil spill KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - organic compounds KW - oil spills KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - ocean floors KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507174650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.atitle=An+investigation+into+the+distribution+of+hydrocarbons+in+sediments+and+the+subsurface+water+column+after+the+2010+explosion+of+the+Macondo+252+oil+rig&rft.au=Spier%2C+C+L%3BStringfellow%2C+W+T%3BHazen%2C+T%3BConrad%2C+M&rft.aulast=Spier&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOS, ASLO, AGU 2012 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - #07653 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Atlantic Ocean; Deepwater Horizon oil spill; explosions; Gulf of Mexico; hydrocarbons; marine pollution; North Atlantic; ocean floors; oil spills; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sea water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial mediation of carbon-cycle feedbacks to climate warming AN - 1020846306; 16802657 AB - Understanding the mechanisms of biospheric feedbacks to climate change is critical to project future climate warming. Although microorganisms catalyse most biosphere processes related to fluxes of greenhouse gases, little is known about the microbial role in regulating future climate change. Integrated metagenomic and functional analyses of a long-term warming experiment in a grassland ecosystem showed that microorganisms play crucial roles in regulating soil carbon dynamics through three primary feedback mechanisms: shifting microbial community composition, which most likely led to the reduced temperature sensitivity of heterotrophic soil respiration; differentially stimulating genes for degrading labile but not recalcitrant carbon so as to maintain long-term soil carbon stability and storage; and enhancing nutrient-cycling processes to promote plant nutrient-use efficiency and hence plant growth. Elucidating microbially mediated feedbacks is fundamental to understanding ecosystem responses to climate warming and provides a mechanistic basis for carbon-climate modelling. JF - Nature Climate Change AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Xue, Kai AU - Xie, Jianping AU - Deng, Ye AU - Wu, Liyou AU - Cheng, Xiaoli AU - Fei, Shenfeng AU - Deng, Shiping AU - He, Zhili AU - Van Nostrand, Joy D AU - Luo, Yiqi AD - 1] Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA [2] Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA [3] Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94270, USA [4] State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Y1 - 2012/02// PY - 2012 DA - February 2012 SP - 106 EP - 110 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1758-678X, 1758-678X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Respiration KW - Climatic changes KW - Climate change KW - Soil temperature KW - Nutrients KW - Biosphere KW - Shelf life KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Heterotrophic microorganisms KW - Feedback KW - Microbial activity KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Functional analysis KW - Grasslands KW - Community composition KW - Plant communities KW - Microorganisms KW - Global warming KW - Plant growth KW - Greenhouse gases KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020846306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.atitle=Microbial+mediation+of+carbon-cycle+feedbacks+to+climate+warming&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Jizhong%3BXue%2C+Kai%3BXie%2C+Jianping%3BDeng%2C+Ye%3BWu%2C+Liyou%3BCheng%2C+Xiaoli%3BFei%2C+Shenfeng%3BDeng%2C+Shiping%3BHe%2C+Zhili%3BVan+Nostrand%2C+Joy+D%3BLuo%2C+Yiqi&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Jizhong&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.issn=1758678X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnclimate1331 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Community composition; Respiration; Climate change; Microorganisms; Greenhouse effect; Plant growth; Functional analysis; Climatic changes; Soil temperature; Biosphere; Shelf life; Soil; Grasslands; Carbon; Heterotrophic microorganisms; Plant communities; Feedback; Greenhouse gases; Global warming; Microbial activity; Nutrients DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1331 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heterogeneous seepage at the Nopal I natural analogue site, Chihuahua, Mexico AN - 1020537804; 2012-055854 AB - A study of seepage occurring in an adit at the Nopal I uranium mine in Chihuahua, Mexico, was conducted as part of an integrated natural analog study to evaluate the effects of infiltration and seepage on the mobilization and transport of radionuclides. An instrumented seepage collection system and local automated weather station permit direct correlation between local precipitation events and seepage. Field observations recorded between April 2005 and December 2006 indicate that seepage is highly heterogeneous with respect to time, location, and quantity. Seepage, precipitation, and fracture data were used to test two hypotheses: (1) that fast flow seepage is triggered by large precipitation events, and (2) that an increased abundance of fractures and/or fracture intersections leads to higher seepage volumes. A few zones in the back adit recorded elevated seepage volumes immediately following large (>20 mm/day) precipitation events, with transit times of less than 4 h through the 8-m thick rock mass. In most locations, there is a 1-6 month time lag between the onset of the rainy season and seepage, with longer times observed for the front adit. There is a less clear-cut relation between fracture abundance and seepage volume; processes such as evaporation and surface flow along the ceiling may also influence seepage. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag and 2011 Springer-Verlag (outside the USA) JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Ghezzehei, Teamrat A AU - Cook, Paul J AU - Rodriguez-Pineda, J Alfredo AU - Villalba, Lourdes AU - de la Garza, Rodrigo Y1 - 2012/02// PY - 2012 DA - February 2012 SP - 155 EP - 166 PB - Springer, Berlin - Heidelberg VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - Nopal Tuff KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Chihuahua Mexico KW - seepage KW - Nopal Formation KW - lower Tertiary KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - Coloradas Formation KW - tuff KW - migration of elements KW - models KW - pyroclastics KW - uranium ores KW - Tertiary KW - recharge KW - evaporation KW - Mexico KW - natural analogs KW - metal ores KW - Nopal I Mine KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020537804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=Heterogeneous+seepage+at+the+Nopal+I+natural+analogue+site%2C+Chihuahua%2C+Mexico&rft.au=Dobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BGhezzehei%2C+Teamrat+A%3BCook%2C+Paul+J%3BRodriguez-Pineda%2C+J+Alfredo%3BVillalba%2C+Lourdes%3Bde+la+Garza%2C+Rodrigo&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10040-011-0783-5 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/102028/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; Cenozoic; Chihuahua Mexico; Coloradas Formation; evaporation; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; igneous rocks; isotopes; lower Tertiary; metal ores; Mexico; migration of elements; models; natural analogs; Nopal Formation; Nopal I Mine; Nopal Tuff; pyroclastics; radioactive isotopes; recharge; seepage; Tertiary; transport; tuff; unsaturated zone; uranium ores; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0783-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimal Illuminance of Seven Major Lighting Colours in LED: Focus on Occupant Comfort and Communication in an Indoor Environment AN - 1019634741; 16331783 AB - This study aims to evaluate the optimal illuminance for each lighting colour of light-emitting diode (LED) light sources among the seven major lighting colours (red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow and white); the focus was on the optimal combination of these colours for enhancement of occupant comfort and communication indoors. The evaluation of optimal illuminance for LED lighting colours found that the occupants felt the cyan LED light source was similar to a white light source, and that the relative brightness of the green lighting colour was higher than that for other colours. The evaluation of the permissible range of illuminance for LED lighting colours found that occupants believed the red lighting colours to be relatively darker; again, the relative brightness of green lighting was considered to be higher. An experiment with subjects for LED lighting colours (consisting of 19 patterns of 7 colours in the living room of a house) found that the optimal illuminance for occupants' comfort was 32[lx]-119[lx], and for occupants' communication was 107[lx]-584[lx]. These results satisfied the illuminance criteria of Korean Standards as the optimal illuminance for occupants' comfort and communication in the living room. JF - Indoor and Built Environment AU - Hwang, Taeyon AU - Lee, Dong Gi AU - Kim, Jeong Tai AD - Department of Architectural Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea, Building Technologies Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA hwang@khu.ac.kr Y1 - 2012/02// PY - 2012 DA - Feb 2012 SP - 122 EP - 128 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU United Kingdom VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 1420-326X, 1420-326X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Colour KW - Light-emitting diodes KW - Illumination KW - Illuminance KW - Lighting KW - Optimization KW - Comfort KW - Color UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1019634741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+and+Built+Environment&rft.atitle=Optimal+Illuminance+of+Seven+Major+Lighting+Colours+in+LED%3A+Focus+on+Occupant+Comfort+and+Communication+in+an+Indoor+Environment&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Taeyon%3BLee%2C+Dong+Gi%3BKim%2C+Jeong+Tai&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Taeyon&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+and+Built+Environment&rft.issn=1420326X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1420326X11420013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-01 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326X11420013 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparative genomics of Dothideomycetes plant pathogens T2 - International Plant & Animal Genome XX (PAG XX) AN - 1313077213; 6130817 JF - International Plant & Animal Genome XX (PAG XX) AU - Ohm, Robin AU - Salamov, Asaf AU - Goodwin, Stephen AU - Grigoriev, Igor Y1 - 2012/01/14/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 14 KW - Pathogens KW - genomics KW - Dothideomycetes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313077213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=International+Plant+%26+Animal+Genome+XX+%28PAG+XX%29&rft.atitle=Comparative+genomics+of+Dothideomycetes+plant+pathogens&rft.au=Ohm%2C+Robin%3BSalamov%2C+Asaf%3BGoodwin%2C+Stephen%3BGrigoriev%2C+Igor&rft.aulast=Ohm&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=2012-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Plant+%26+Animal+Genome+XX+%28PAG+XX%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://pag.confex.com/pag/xx/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fundamentals, Applications, and Directions: Laser Ablation for LIBS and ICP Chemical Analysis T2 - 2012 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry AN - 1313088038; 6107963 JF - 2012 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry AU - Russo, Rick AU - Gonzalez, Jhanis Y1 - 2012/01/09/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 09 KW - Lasers KW - Chemical analysis KW - Ablation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313088038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+European+Winter+Conference+on+Plasma+Spectrochemistry&rft.atitle=Fundamentals%2C+Applications%2C+and+Directions%3A+Laser+Ablation+for+LIBS+and+ICP+Chemical+Analysis&rft.au=Russo%2C+Rick%3BGonzalez%2C+Jhanis&rft.aulast=Russo&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft.date=2012-01-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+European+Winter+Conference+on+Plasma+Spectrochemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://icpinformation.org/uploads/2012_Winter_Conference.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Savings to Sustainability: A Proposed Project Finance Method to Deliver Sustainable Federal Buildings AN - 954663247; 16421704 AB - This paper presents a novel finance project delivery concept, Savings to Sustainability (S2S), that bridges the existing gaps between energy projects implemented using alternative financing mechanisms, sustainability initiatives, and greenhouse gas reductions. Bridging these three areas will have a synergistic effect in terms of meeting Federal agency goals for energy, water, and greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction. Although reducing energy results in reduced GHG emissions, financial savings is the major driving force behind Energy Savings Performance Contracts (ESPC). The aggressive requirements pertaining to sustainability and GHG reduction goals requires an integrated and more holistic approach to retrofit and renovation projects. The S2S finance project delivery method enables existing buildings to achieve net zero carbon through a graded approach that includes energy & water efficiency, on-site renewable power generation, and green power procurement. JF - Reston, VA: ASCE Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Sustainable Design and Construction, d 20120000 AU - Sanders, Mark AU - Earni, Shankar AU - Parrish, Kristen AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720. Y1 - 2012///0, PY - 2012 DA - 0, 2012 SP - 136 EP - 143 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Sustainable development KW - Government buildings KW - Emissions KW - Bridge Construction KW - Resource management KW - Financing KW - Contracts KW - Climate change KW - Synergistic Effects KW - Bridge Design KW - financing KW - Carbon KW - sustainability KW - Energy efficiency KW - Synergistic effects KW - Bridges KW - Energy conservation KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Buildings KW - Electric power generation KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954663247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reston%2C+VA%3A+ASCE+Proceedings+of+the+2011+International+Conference+on+Sustainable+Design+and+Construction+%7Cd+20120000&rft.atitle=Savings+to+Sustainability%3A+A+Proposed+Project+Finance+Method+to+Deliver+Sustainable+Federal+Buildings&rft.au=Sanders%2C+Mark%3BEarni%2C+Shankar%3BParrish%2C+Kristen&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=9780784412046&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reston%2C+VA%3A+ASCE+Proceedings+of+the+2011+International+Conference+on+Sustainable+Design+and+Construction+%7Cd+20120000&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F41204%28426%2918 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Contracts; Financing; Climate change; Sustainable development; Greenhouse effect; Energy efficiency; Synergistic effects; financing; Electric power generation; Energy conservation; sustainability; Greenhouse gases; Buildings; Bridge Design; Bridge Construction; Carbon; Bridges; Synergistic Effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41204(426)18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large inert carbon pool in the terrestrial biosphere during the last glacial maximum AN - 928891909; 2012-030393 JF - Nature Geoscience AU - Ciais, P AU - Tagliabue, A AU - Cuntz, M AU - Bopp, L AU - Scholze, M AU - Hoffmann, G AU - Lourantou, A AU - Harrison, S P AU - Prentice, I C AU - Kelley, D I AU - Koven, C AU - Piao, S L Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - January 2012 SP - 74 EP - 79 PB - Nature Publishing Group, London VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1752-0894, 1752-0894 KW - photosynthesis KW - terrestrial environment KW - last glacial maximum KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - stable isotopes KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - carbon KW - geochemistry KW - productivity KW - concentration KW - Quaternary KW - isotope ratios KW - paleoatmosphere KW - global KW - photochemistry KW - O-18/O-16 KW - geochemical cycle KW - biosphere KW - Pleistocene KW - carbon cycle KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/928891909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Geoscience&rft.atitle=Large+inert+carbon+pool+in+the+terrestrial+biosphere+during+the+last+glacial+maximum&rft.au=Ciais%2C+P%3BTagliabue%2C+A%3BCuntz%2C+M%3BBopp%2C+L%3BScholze%2C+M%3BHoffmann%2C+G%3BLourantou%2C+A%3BHarrison%2C+S+P%3BPrentice%2C+I+C%3BKelley%2C+D+I%3BKoven%2C+C%3BPiao%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Ciais&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Geoscience&rft.issn=17520894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2FNGEO1324 L2 - http://www.nature.com/ngeo/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article; related article by Claussen, M., on p. 6-7 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biosphere; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; climate change; concentration; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; global; Holocene; isotope ratios; isotopes; last glacial maximum; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleoatmosphere; paleoclimatology; photochemistry; photosynthesis; Pleistocene; productivity; Quaternary; stable isotopes; terrestrial environment; upper Pleistocene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1324 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased cytotoxicity of oxidized flame soot AN - 926890529; 16373557 AB - Combustion-generated particles released into the atmosphere undergo reactions with oxidants, which can change the particles' physiochemical characteristics. In this work, we compare the physical and chemical properties and cellular response of particles fresh from a flame with those oxidized by ozone and nitrogen dioxide. The reaction with ozone and nitrogen dioxide does not significantly modify the physical characteristics of the particles (primary particle size, fractal dimension, and surface area). However, oxidation affects the chemical characteristics of the particles, creating more oxygen and nitrogen containing functional groups, and increases their hydrophilicity. In addition, oxidized soot generates more reactive oxygen species, as measured by the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. Furthermore, oxidized soot is 1.5 - 2 times more toxic than soot that was not reacted with ozone, but the inflammatory response, measured by interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion, is unchanged. These results imply that combustion-generated particles released into the atmosphere will have an increased toxicity on or after high ozone days. JF - Atmospheric Pollution Research AU - Holder, AL AU - Carter, B J AU - Goth-Goldstein, R AU - Lucas, D AU - Koshland, C P Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 25 EP - 31 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1309-1042, 1309-1042 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmosphere KW - Atmospheric pollution research KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Oxidation KW - Oxygen KW - Ozone KW - Ozone measurements KW - Particle size KW - Particulates KW - Soot KW - Soot particles KW - Toxicity KW - chemical properties KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/926890529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Pollution+Research&rft.atitle=Increased+cytotoxicity+of+oxidized+flame+soot&rft.au=Holder%2C+AL%3BCarter%2C+B+J%3BGoth-Goldstein%2C+R%3BLucas%2C+D%3BKoshland%2C+C+P&rft.aulast=Holder&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Pollution+Research&rft.issn=13091042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ozone measurements; Oxidation; Atmospheric pollution research; Soot particles; Nitrogen dioxide; Particle size; Oxygen; Soot; chemical properties; Toxicity; Particulates; Atmosphere; Ozone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of building energy-saving policies and programs in China during the 11th Five-Year Plan AN - 926889628; 16367028 AB - China's 11th Five-Year Plan (FYP) sets an ambitious target to reduce the energy intensity per unit of gross domestic product by 20% from 2005 to 2010 (NDRC 2006). In the building sector, the primary energy-saving target allocated during the 11 FYP period is 100 Mtce. Savings are expected to be achieved through the strengthening of enforcement of building energy efficiency codes, existing building retrofits and heat supply system reform, followed by energy management of government office buildings and large-scale public buildings, adoption of renewable energy sources. To date, China has reported that it achieved the half of the 20% intensity reduction target by the end of 2008; however, little has been made clear on the status and the impact of the building programs. There has also been lack of description on methodology for calculating the savings and baseline definition, and no total savings that have been officially reported to date. This paper intends to provide both quantitative and qualitative assessment of the key policies and programs in building sector that China has instituted in its quest to fulfill the national goal. Overall, this paper concludes that the largest improvement for building energy efficiency were achieved in new buildings; the program to improve the energy management in government and large scale public buildings are in line with the target; however, the progress in the area of existing building retrofits, particularly heating supply system reform lags behind the stated goal by a large amount. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Zhou, Nan AU - Mcneil, Michael AU - Levine, Mark AD - Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd, MS 90R4000, Berkeley, CA, 94720-8136, USA, NZhou@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 51 EP - 64 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Buildings KW - Energy conservation KW - Energy efficiency KW - Renewable energy KW - China, People's Rep. KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/926889628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+building+energy-saving+policies+and+programs+in+China+during+the+11th+Five-Year+Plan&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Nan%3BMcneil%2C+Michael%3BLevine%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Nan&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-011-9111-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Renewable energy; Energy conservation; Buildings; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-011-9111-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging issues in the evaluation of energy-efficiency programs: the US experience AN - 926886207; 16367023 AB - The evaluation, measurement, and verification (EM&V) of energy-efficiency programs has a rich and extensive history in the United States, dating back to the late 1970s. During this time, many different kinds of EM&V issues have been addressed: technical (primarily focusing on EM&V methods and protocols), policy (primarily focusing on how EM&V results will be used by energy-efficiency program managers and policymakers), and infrastructure (primarily focusing on the development of EM&V professionals and an EM&V workforce). We address the issues that are currently important and/or are expected to become more critical in the coming years. We expect many of these issues will also be relevant for a non-US audience, particularly as more attention is paid to the reliability of energy savings and carbon emissions reductions from energy-efficiency programs. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Vine, Edward AU - Hall, Nick AU - Keating, Kenneth M AU - Kushler, Martin AU - Prahl, Ralph AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, Edward.Vine@uc-ciee.org Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 5 EP - 17 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Emission control KW - Energy conservation KW - Energy efficiency KW - Historical account KW - infrastructure KW - USA KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/926886207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Emerging+issues+in+the+evaluation+of+energy-efficiency+programs%3A+the+US+experience&rft.au=Vine%2C+Edward%3BHall%2C+Nick%3BKeating%2C+Kenneth+M%3BKushler%2C+Martin%3BPrahl%2C+Ralph&rft.aulast=Vine&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-010-9101-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-05-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Historical account; Energy conservation; Emission control; infrastructure; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-010-9101-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A data variance technique for automated despiking of magnetotelluric data with a remote reference AN - 921716820; 2012-024409 AB - The magnetotelluric method employs co-located surface measurements of electric and magnetic fields to infer the local electrical structure of the Earth. The frequency dependent "apparent resistivity" curves can be inaccurate at long periods if input data are contaminated--even when robust remote reference techniques are employed. Data despiking prior to processing can result in significantly more reliable estimates of long period apparent resistivities. This paper outlines a two-step method of automatic identification and replacement for spike-like contamination of magnetotelluric data; based on the simultaneity of natural electric and magnetic field variations at distant sites. This simultaneity is exploited both to identify windows in time when the array data are compromised as well as to generate synthetic data that replace observed transient noise spikes. In the first step windows in data time series that contain spikes are identified according to an intersite comparison of channel "activity"--such as the variance of differenced data within each window. In the second step, plausible data for replacement of flagged windows are calculated by Wiener filtering coincident data in clean channels. The Wiener filters--which express the time-domain relationship between various array channels--are computed using an uncontaminated segment of array training data. Examples are shown where the algorithm is applied to artificially contaminated data and to real field data. In both cases all spikes are successfully identified. In the case of implanted artificial noise, the synthetic replacement time series are very similar to the original recording. In all cases, apparent resistivity and phase curves obtained by processing the despiked data are much improved over curves obtained from raw data. Abstract Copyright (2011), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Kappler, Karl N Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - January 2012 SP - 179 EP - 191 PB - Blackwell on behalf of the European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers (EAGE), Houten VL - 60 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical field KW - techniques KW - algorithms KW - magnetic field KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/921716820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=A+data+variance+technique+for+automated+despiking+of+magnetotelluric+data+with+a+remote+reference&rft.au=Kappler%2C+Karl+N&rft.aulast=Kappler&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2478.2011.00965.x L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0016-8025&site=1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPPRAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; electrical field; geophysical methods; magnetic field; magnetotelluric methods; statistical analysis; techniques; time series analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.2011.00965.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A framework for environmental assessment of CO2 capture and storage systems AN - 920809175; 16188987 AB - Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is increasingly seen as a way for society to enjoy the benefits of fossil fuel energy sources while avoiding the climate disruption associated with fossil CO2 emissions. A decision to deploy CCS technology at scale should be based on robust information on its overall costs and benefits. Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is a framework for holistic assessment of the energy and environmental footprint of a system, and can provide crucial information to policy-makers, scientists, and engineers as they develop and deploy CCS systems. We identify seven key issues that should be considered to ensure that conclusions and recommendations from CCS LCA are robust: energy penalty, functional units, scale-up challenges, non-climate environmental impacts, uncertainty management, policy-making needs, and market effects. Several recent life-cycle studies have focused on detailed assessments of individual CCS technologies and applications. While such studies provide important data and information on technology performance, such case-specific data are inadequate to fully inform the decision making process. LCA should aim to describe the system-wide environmental implications of CCS deployment at scale, rather than a narrow analysis of technological performance of individual power plants. JF - Energy AU - Sathre, Roger AU - Chester, Mikhail AU - Cain, Jennifer AU - Masanet, Eric AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, rsathre@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 540 EP - 548 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Carbon capture and storage KW - Life-cycle assessment KW - Environmental impacts KW - Climate change mitigation KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Fossil fuels KW - life cycle analysis KW - Emissions KW - Environmental impact KW - Power plants KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Technology KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/920809175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy&rft.atitle=A+framework+for+environmental+assessment+of+CO2+capture+and+storage+systems&rft.au=Sathre%2C+Roger%3BChester%2C+Mikhail%3BCain%2C+Jennifer%3BMasanet%2C+Eric&rft.aulast=Sathre&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=540&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2011.10.050 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cost-benefit analysis; Carbon sequestration; Fossil fuels; life cycle analysis; Power plants; Environmental impact; Emissions; Carbon dioxide; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.10.050 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Genome Portal of the Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute AN - 920803251; 16173751 AB - The Department of Energy (DOE) Joint Genome Institute (JGI) is a national user facility with massive-scale DNA sequencing and analysis capabilities dedicated to advancing genomics for bioenergy and environmental applications. Beyond generating tens of trillions of DNA bases annually, the Institute develops and maintains data management systems and specialized analytical capabilities to manage and interpret complex genomic data sets, and to enable an expanding community of users around the world to analyze these data in different contexts over the web. The JGI Genome Portal (http://genome.jgi.doe.gov) provides a unified access point to all JGI genomic databases and analytical tools. A user can find all DOE JGI sequencing projects and their status, search for and download assemblies and annotations of sequenced genomes, and interactively explore those genomes and compare them with other sequenced microbes, fungi, plants or metagenomes using specialized systems tailored to each particular class of organisms. We describe here the general organization of the Genome Portal and the most recent addition, MycoCosm (http://jgi.doe.gov/fungi), a new integrated fungal genomics resource. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Grigoriev, Igor V AU - Nordberg, Henrik AU - Shabalov, Igor AU - Aerts, Andrea AU - Cantor, Mike AU - Goodstein, David AU - Kuo, Alan AU - Minovitsky, Simon AU - Nikitin, Roman AU - Ohm, Robin A AU - Otillar, Robert AU - Poliakov, Alex AU - Ratnere, Igor AU - Riley, Robert AU - Smirnova, Tatyana AU - Rokhsar, Daniel AU - Dubchak, Inna AD - super(1)Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, super(2)The Center for Integrative Genomics, University of California and super(3)Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, ivgrigoriev@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - D26 EP - D32 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 40 IS - D1 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Data processing KW - Fungi KW - biofuels KW - Data management KW - Joints KW - Databases KW - DNA sequencing KW - Energy KW - DNA KW - genomics KW - Nucleic acids KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - N 14810:Methods KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/920803251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=The+Genome+Portal+of+the+Department+of+Energy+Joint+Genome+Institute&rft.au=Grigoriev%2C+Igor+V%3BNordberg%2C+Henrik%3BShabalov%2C+Igor%3BAerts%2C+Andrea%3BCantor%2C+Mike%3BGoodstein%2C+David%3BKuo%2C+Alan%3BMinovitsky%2C+Simon%3BNikitin%2C+Roman%3BOhm%2C+Robin+A%3BOtillar%2C+Robert%3BPoliakov%2C+Alex%3BRatnere%2C+Igor%3BRiley%2C+Robert%3BSmirnova%2C+Tatyana%3BRokhsar%2C+Daniel%3BDubchak%2C+Inna&rft.aulast=Grigoriev&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=D1&rft.spage=D26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkr947 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; DNA sequencing; Data processing; Energy; Fungi; genomics; Joints; biofuels; DNA; Data management; Nucleic acids DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr947 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A mathematical analysis of full fuel cycle energy use AN - 920789929; 16188971 AB - Given concerns about the environmental impacts of fossil fuel use, there is a keen interest in developing a broad range of new energy sources and technologies. This in turn creates a need for metrics that can reliably quantify the costs, benefits, and potential trade-offs of different alternatives. In this paper, we present a definition of a full fuel-cycle metric that is flexibile enough to describe a wide variety of energy production chains, and has sufficient mathematical rigor to allow meaningful comparisons between them. The term FFC (full fuel cycle) refers to the complete fuel production chain including extraction, processing, conveyance to the retail distribution center and delivery to final consumers. For ease of use in applications, the metric is defined as an FFC multiplier which, when applied to the point-of-use energy consumption, gives an estimate of the FFC energy use. We also show that the FFC multiplier can be used to provide precise and intuitively reasonable definitions of other energy production metrics such as EROI (energy return on energy invested). The multiplier is a non-linear function of a set of energy-intensity parameters that depend only on directly observable physical data. JF - Energy AU - Coughlin, Katie AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, kcoughlin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 698 EP - 708 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Full fuel cycle KW - EROI KW - Net energy analysis KW - Fossil fuels KW - Fuels KW - Environmental impact KW - Energy consumption KW - Energy sources KW - Ethnic groups KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/920789929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy&rft.atitle=A+mathematical+analysis+of+full+fuel+cycle+energy+use&rft.au=Coughlin%2C+Katie&rft.aulast=Coughlin&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=698&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2011.10.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fossil fuels; Fuels; Environmental impact; Energy consumption; Energy sources; Ethnic groups; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.10.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The cost of transmission for wind energy in the United States: A review of transmission planning studies AN - 918055975; 16189115 AB - Rapid development of wind capacity in the United States has been coupled with a concern that increasing wind capacity will require substantial transmission infrastructure. This report summarizes the implied transmission cost per kW of wind from a sample of 40 transmission studies. This sample of studies, completed from 2001 to 2008, covers a broad geographic area across the U.S. The primary goal in the review is to develop a better understanding of the transmission costs needed to access increasing quantities of wind generation. A secondary goal is to gain a better appreciation of the differences in transmission planning approaches, in order to identify those methodologies that seem most able to estimate the incremental transmission costs associated with wind development. The total range in transmission costs per kW of wind implicit in the study sample is vast - ranging from $0/kW to over $1500/kW. The median cost of transmission from all scenarios in the sample is $300/kW, roughly 15-20% of the cost of building a wind project. The median cost of transmission is near the upper end of the range implied by two higher-level assessments of transmission required to provide 20% wind electricity in the U.S. by 2030. JF - Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews AU - Mills, Andrew AU - Wiser, Ryan AU - Porter, Kevin AD - Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States, ADMills@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 1364-0321, 1364-0321 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Wind energy KW - Transmission cost KW - Meta-analysis KW - USA KW - Reviews KW - Sustainable development KW - infrastructure KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918055975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Renewable+%26+Sustainable+Energy+Reviews&rft.atitle=The+cost+of+transmission+for+wind+energy+in+the+United+States%3A+A+review+of+transmission+planning+studies&rft.au=Mills%2C+Andrew%3BWiser%2C+Ryan%3BPorter%2C+Kevin&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Renewable+%26+Sustainable+Energy+Reviews&rft.issn=13640321&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.rser.2011.07.131 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind energy; Reviews; Sustainable development; infrastructure; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.131 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Co-production of ethanol, biogas, protein fodder and natural fertilizer in organic farming - Evaluation of a concept for a farm-scale biorefinery AN - 918049429; 16185603 AB - The addition of a biorefinery to an organic farm was investigated, where ethanol was produced from germinated rye grains and whey, and the effluent was separated into two streams: the protein-rich solid fraction, to be used as animal feed, and the liquid fraction, which can be co-digested with clover grass silage to produce biogas. A method for ethanol production from rye was applied by utilizing inherent amylase activity from germination of the seed. Biogas potential of ethanol fermentation effluent was measured through anaerobic digestion trials. The effluent from the trials was assumed to serve as natural fertilizer. A technoeconomic analysis was also performed; total capital investment was estimated to be approximately 4 M USD. Setting a methane selling price according to available incentives for "green electricity" (0.72 USD/m3) led to a minimum ethanol selling price of 1.89 USD/L (project lifetime 25 yr, at a discount rate 10%). JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr AU - Kadar, Zsofia AU - Heiske, Stefan AU - Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Blanch, Harvey W AU - Schmidt, Jens Ejbye AD - Ris phi National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy - Technical University of Denmark, Bioenergy and Biorefinery Programme, Biosystems Division, Building BIO-301, P.O. Box 49, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark, popopiel@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 440 EP - 446 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 104 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bioethanol KW - Biogas KW - Organic farming KW - Technoeconomic analysis KW - Process model KW - Farms KW - Fermentation KW - Grasses KW - Sustainable development KW - Electricity KW - Streams KW - Whey KW - Fertilizers KW - Ethanol KW - Germination KW - Methane KW - Seeds KW - seed germination KW - biogas KW - Effluents KW - Anaerobic digestion KW - Agrochemicals KW - Silage KW - Grain KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918049429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Co-production+of+ethanol%2C+biogas%2C+protein+fodder+and+natural+fertilizer+in+organic+farming+-+Evaluation+of+a+concept+for+a+farm-scale+biorefinery&rft.au=Oleskowicz-Popiel%2C+Piotr%3BKadar%2C+Zsofia%3BHeiske%2C+Stefan%3BKlein-Marcuschamer%2C+Daniel%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BBlanch%2C+Harvey+W%3BSchmidt%2C+Jens+Ejbye&rft.aulast=Oleskowicz-Popiel&rft.aufirst=Piotr&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=&rft.spage=440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biortech.2011.11.060 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Germination; Methane; Seeds; Farms; Grasses; Fermentation; biogas; Electricity; Anaerobic digestion; Effluents; Streams; Silage; Fertilizers; Whey; Grain; Ethanol; seed germination; Sustainable development; Agrochemicals; Organic farming; Biogas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.060 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Henry's law constants of chlorinated solvents at elevated temperatures. AN - 906559116; 22071373 AB - Henry's law constants for 12 chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) were measured as a function of temperature ranging from 8 to 93°C, using the modified equilibrium partitioning in closed system (EPICS) method. The chlorinated compounds include tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dichloromethane, and chloromethane. The variation in Henry's constants for these compounds as a function of temperature ranged from around 3-fold (chloroethane) to 30-fold (1,2-dichloroethane). Aqueous solubilities of the pure compounds were measured over the temperature range of 8-75°C. The temperature dependence of Henry's constant was predicted using the ratio of pure vapor pressure to aqueous solubility, both of which are functions of temperature. The calculated Henry's constants are in a reasonable agreement with the measured results. With the improved data on Henry's law constants at high temperatures measured in this study, it will be possible to more accurately model subsurface remediation processes that operate near the boiling point of water. JF - Chemosphere AU - Chen, Fei AU - Freedman, David L AU - Falta, Ronald W AU - Murdoch, Lawrence C AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. feic@clemson.edu Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - January 2012 SP - 156 EP - 165 VL - 86 IS - 2 KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - 0 KW - Volatile Organic Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Vapor Pressure KW - Solubility KW - Thermodynamics KW - Models, Chemical KW - Volatile Organic Compounds -- chemistry KW - Temperature KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/906559116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Henry%27s+law+constants+of+chlorinated+solvents+at+elevated+temperatures.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Fei%3BFreedman%2C+David+L%3BFalta%2C+Ronald+W%3BMurdoch%2C+Lawrence+C&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Fei&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=1879-1298&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2011.10.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-03-21 N1 - Date created - 2011-11-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.10.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy efficient indoor VOC air cleaning with activated carbon fiber (ACF) filters AN - 899152517; 15750411 AB - This study explores the potential environmental and energy benefits of using activated carbon fiber (ACF) filters for air cleaning in HVAC systems. The parallel aims for the air cleaning system were to enable reduced indoor exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and to simultaneously allow reduced rates and energy consumption for outdoor air ventilation. We evaluated the use of ACF media to adsorb VOCs from indoor air during repeated simulated 12-h to 24-h periods of occupancy. In a cyclic regeneration process, VOCs were desorbed from the ACF media and vented outdoors to enable the next cycle of air cleaning. The VOC removal efficiency of the ACF media was measured using a 9.5-cm2 ACF specimen exposed to a mixture of VOCs that included toluene, benzene, o-xylene, 1-butanol, limonene, undecane and formaldehyde at 29 degree C and 30% relative humidity. The concentrations of these model pollutants upstream of the ACF media were in the range 20-30 ppb, to simulate realistic conditions. Velocities through the ACF media were typical of those in normal particle filter systems (a arrow right 40.5 m s-1 ). Initial tests were conducted to develop a modified multi-component Freundlich isotherm and estimate the maximum adsorption capacity of the media, which was determined to be 90 mg VOC per gram of ACF. Three different ACF regeneration methods were explored using relatively cleaner outdoor air under ambient conditions, with this air humidified, and with the filter heated. It was found that heating the ACF media to a arrow right 4150 degree C by circulation of a DC current through the fibers for a short period (15 min) yielded the best VOC removal results, allowing for subsequent consistent removal efficiencies of 70-80% for most VOCs. Regeneration with unheated outdoor air was also effective and used less energy (subsequent removal efficiency was 50-60% for most VOCs). ACF did not perform as well in eliminating formaldehyde, for which a maximum removal of 25-30% was achieved with heated regeneration. A mass balance model indicated that the combination of ACF air cleaning and a 50% reduction in ventilation will decrease indoor concentrations of VOCs by 60%-80% and reduce formaldehyde concentrations by 12%-40%. Energy modeling indicated the potential to reduce the energy required for heating and cooling of ventilation air by 35% to almost 50%. JF - Building and Environment AU - Sidheswaran, Meera A AU - Destaillats, Hugo AU - Sullivan, Douglas P AU - Cohn, Sebastian AU - Fisk, William J Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 357 EP - 367 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 47 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Activated carbon fiberVolatile organic compoundIndoor pollutantEnergy efficient ventilation KW - Relative humidity KW - Energy efficiency KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - regeneration KW - Ventilation KW - Activated carbon KW - Indoor air KW - Formaldehyde KW - Humidity KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Organic compounds in atmosphere KW - Filters KW - Fibers KW - Heating and cooling KW - Regeneration KW - Volatile organic compound emission by motor vehicles KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/899152517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Energy+efficient+indoor+VOC+air+cleaning+with+activated+carbon+fiber+%28ACF%29+filters&rft.au=Sidheswaran%2C+Meera+A%3BDestaillats%2C+Hugo%3BSullivan%2C+Douglas+P%3BCohn%2C+Sebastian%3BFisk%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Sidheswaran&rft.aufirst=Meera&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2011.07.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Relative humidity; Heating and cooling; Atmospheric pollution models; Volatile organic compound emission by motor vehicles; Indoor air; Atmospheric circulation; Organic compounds in atmosphere; Filters; Energy efficiency; Fibers; Ventilation; regeneration; Activated carbon; Regeneration; Humidity; Formaldehyde; Volatile organic compounds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.07.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changing ventilation rates in U.S. offices: Implications for health, work performance, energy, and associated economics AN - 899152502; 15750410 AB - This paper provides quantitative estimates of benefits and costs of providing different amounts of outdoor air ventilation in U.S. offices. For four scenarios that modify ventilation rates, we estimated changes in sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms, work performance, short-term absence, and building energy consumption. The estimated annual economic benefits were $13 billion from increasing minimum ventilation rates (VRs) from 8 to 10 L/s per person, $38 billion from increasing minimum VRs from 8 to 15 L/s per person, and $33 billion from increasing VRs by adding outdoor air economizers for the 50% of the office floor area that currently lacks economizers. The estimated $0.04 billion in annual energy-related benefits of decreasing minimum VRs from 8 to 6.5 L/s per person are very small compared to the projected annual costs of $12 billion. Benefits of increasing minimum VRs far exceeded energy costs while adding economizers yielded health, performance, and absence benefits with energy savings. JF - Building and Environment AU - Fisk, William J AU - Black, Douglas AU - Brunner, Gregory Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 368 EP - 372 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 47 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Economizer KW - Health KW - Office KW - Ventilation rate KW - Work performance KW - USA KW - Ventilation KW - Economics KW - Sick building syndrome KW - Energy conservation KW - Energy consumption KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - P 9999:GENERAL POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - H 0500:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/899152502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Changing+ventilation+rates+in+U.S.+offices%3A+Implications+for+health%2C+work+performance%2C+energy%2C+and+associated+economics&rft.au=Fisk%2C+William+J%3BBlack%2C+Douglas%3BBrunner%2C+Gregory&rft.aulast=Fisk&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=368&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2011.07.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ventilation; Economics; Energy conservation; Sick building syndrome; Energy consumption; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.07.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of scale effects in dissolution trapping from the response of a push-pull experiment AN - 1840615405; 2016-093136 JF - Geophysical Research Abstracts AU - Rasmusson, K AU - Niemi, A AU - Fagerlund, F AU - Carrera, Jesus AU - Tsang, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - Abstract EGU2012 EP - 7997 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Geosciences Union (EGU), Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 14 SN - 1029-7006, 1029-7006 KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - push-pull tests KW - Heletz Formation KW - brines KW - traps KW - solution KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840615405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Identification+of+scale+effects+in+dissolution+trapping+from+the+response+of+a+push-pull+experiment&rft.au=Rasmusson%2C+K%3BNiemi%2C+A%3BFagerlund%2C+F%3BCarrera%2C+Jesus%3BTsang%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rasmusson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.issn=10297006&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2012/EGU2012-7997.pdf http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/gra/gra.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - European Geosciences Union general assembly 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 8, 2016 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Heletz Formation; numerical models; push-pull tests; solution; traps ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying unsaturated soil hydraulic parameters using integrated hydrogeophysical inversion approach on time-lapse ground-penetrating radar data AN - 1832587370; 650177-76 JF - Geophysical Research Abstracts AU - Jadoon, K Z AU - Weihermueller, L AU - Scharnagl, B AU - Kowalsky, M B AU - Bechtold, M AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Vereecken, H AU - Lambot, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - Abstract EGU2012 EP - 8494 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Geosciences Union (EGU), Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 14 SN - 1029-7006, 1029-7006 KW - soils KW - models KW - technology KW - monitoring KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - properties KW - simulation KW - information management KW - data management KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832587370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Identifying+unsaturated+soil+hydraulic+parameters+using+integrated+hydrogeophysical+inversion+approach+on+time-lapse+ground-penetrating+radar+data&rft.au=Jadoon%2C+K+Z%3BWeihermueller%2C+L%3BScharnagl%2C+B%3BKowalsky%2C+M+B%3BBechtold%2C+M%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BVereecken%2C+H%3BLambot%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jadoon&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.issn=10297006&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2012/EGU2012-8494.pdf http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/gra/gra.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - European Geosciences Union general assembly 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data management; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; information management; models; monitoring; properties; radar methods; simulation; soils; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying and relating subsurface and land-surface variability in permafrost environments using surface geophysical and lidar datasets AN - 1832582285; 650152-90 JF - Geophysical Research Abstracts AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Gangodagamage, C AU - Dafflon, B AU - Wainwright, H AU - Ulrich, C AU - Gusmeroli, A AU - Wu, Y AU - Doetsch, J AU - Peterson, J E AU - Wilson, C AU - Tweedie, C AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - Abstract EGU2012 EP - 5902-3 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Geosciences Union (EGU), Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 14 SN - 1029-7006, 1029-7006 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - terrestrial environment KW - permafrost KW - laser methods KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - characterization KW - ecosystems KW - variations KW - temperature KW - nitrogen KW - cluster analysis KW - spatial variations KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - electromagnetic methods KW - chemical properties KW - zoning KW - polygons KW - soils KW - high-resolution methods KW - thermal properties KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - properties KW - resistivity KW - measurement KW - lidar methods KW - cations KW - Alaska KW - glacial geology KW - active layer KW - pore water KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832582285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Quantifying+and+relating+subsurface+and+land-surface+variability+in+permafrost+environments+using+surface+geophysical+and+lidar+datasets&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+S+S%3BGangodagamage%2C+C%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BWainwright%2C+H%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BGusmeroli%2C+A%3BWu%2C+Y%3BDoetsch%2C+J%3BPeterson%2C+J+E%3BWilson%2C+C%3BTweedie%2C+C%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.issn=10297006&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2012/EGU2012-5902-3.pdf http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/gra/gra.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - European Geosciences Union general assembly 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; carbon; cations; characterization; chemical properties; cluster analysis; ecosystems; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; glacial geology; ground-penetrating radar; high-resolution methods; laser methods; lidar methods; measurement; moisture; nitrogen; permafrost; polygons; pore water; properties; quantitative analysis; radar methods; resistivity; soils; spatial variations; statistical analysis; temperature; terrestrial environment; thermal properties; tomography; United States; variations; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - > Exploring the Scandinavian Mountain Belt by deep drilling (COSC) AN - 1780803859; 2016-033574 JF - Geophysical Research Abstracts AU - Juhlin, C AU - Gee, D G AU - Lorenz, H AU - Pascal, C AU - Pedersen, K AU - Tsang, C F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - Abstract EGU2012 EP - 5807 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Geosciences Union (EGU), Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 14 SN - 1029-7006, 1029-7006 KW - programs KW - Western Europe KW - Caledonides KW - Paleozoic KW - geophysical methods KW - Europe KW - orogenic belts KW - research KW - exploration KW - COSC KW - Scandinavia KW - Caledonian Orogeny KW - boreholes KW - deep drilling KW - drilling KW - Sweden KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780803859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.atitle=%26gt%3B+Exploring+the+Scandinavian+Mountain+Belt+by+deep+drilling+%28COSC%29&rft.au=Juhlin%2C+C%3BGee%2C+D+G%3BLorenz%2C+H%3BPascal%2C+C%3BPedersen%2C+K%3BTsang%2C+C+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Juhlin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.issn=10297006&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2012/EGU2012-5807.pdf http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/gra/gra.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - European Geosciences Union general assembly 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; Caledonian Orogeny; Caledonides; COSC; deep drilling; drilling; Europe; exploration; geophysical methods; orogenic belts; Paleozoic; programs; research; Scandinavia; Sweden; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early-stage phase transformation and growth of iron oxyhydroxides during neutralization of simulated acid mine drainage AN - 1777465383; 2016-029561 AB - Metal and coal mines produce iron-rich sulfuric acid solutions that contain a broad range of toxic elements. These solutions, referred to as acid mine drainage (AMD), adversely affect environmental quality. When AMD mixes with neutral water bodies, such as in rivers or during wetland treatment, interacts with rock surfaces, or reacts with lime during remediation, neutralization occurs. As a result, ferric iron (Fe (super 3+) ) hydrolyzes and precipitates as Fe oxyhydroxide nanoparticles, such as ferrihydrite and schwertmannite. However, the formation pathways of these nanoparticles are relatively unknown largely due to their rapid formation rates and low abundances of initially-formed species. In this study, we used in situ time-resolved synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (XRD), quick-scanning extended X-ray absorption fine structure (QEXAFs) and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques to study the products formed initially (2 < t < 60 minutes) when ferric iron sulfate solutions ([Fe (super 3+) ] = 0.2 M) are partially neutralized ([HCO (sub 3) (super -) ]/[Fe (super 3+) ] < 3) by addition of NaHCO (sub 3) . When [HCO (sub 3) (super -) ]/[Fe (super 3+) ] = 0.6 (initial pH approximately 2.2), the only particles formed were ferrihydrite-like clusters that were stable throughout the duration of the experiment. When [HCO (sub 3) (super -) ]/[Fe (super 3+) ] = 1 (initial pH approximately 2.5), the ferrihydrite-like molecular clusters formed initially but mostly disappeared and were replaced by schwertmannite. Schwertmannite and larger ferrihydrite particles formed immediately when [HCO (sub 3) (super -) ]/[Fe (super 3+) ] = 2 (initial pH approximately 2.7), but the ferrihydrite particles completely disappeared and were replaced by schwertmannite. The schwertmannite particle size increased with reaction time, and extensive particle aggregation occurred. The ferrihydrite-like cluster is very intriguing and its structure deserves further characterization. The data are consistent with Fe (sub 13) having Baker-Figgis delta -keggin structure, i.e., the motif in the ferrihydrite structure proposed by Michel et al.. The existence of the cluster may result from sulfate binding on its surface, preventing the cluster from growing into larger ferrihydrite particles. In conclusion, the results suggest that particular molecular clusters and small nanoparticles may be important, early-formed components of natural acidic solutions. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Zhu, Mengqiang AU - Legg, Benjamin AU - Zhang, Hengzhong AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Ren, Yang AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2601 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - sulfuric acid KW - acid mine drainage KW - solutions KW - oxyhydroxides KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - hydroxides KW - X-ray data KW - oxides KW - inorganic acids KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777465383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Early-stage+phase+transformation+and+growth+of+iron+oxyhydroxides+during+neutralization+of+simulated+acid+mine+drainage&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Mengqiang%3BLegg%2C+Benjamin%3BZhang%2C+Hengzhong%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BRen%2C+Yang%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Mengqiang&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2601&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2581.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; hydroxides; inorganic acids; oxides; oxyhydroxides; pollution; remediation; simulation; solutions; sulfuric acid; toxic materials; water quality; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Omics for understanding microbial functional dynamics AN - 1753469761; 16195872 JF - Environmental Microbiology AU - Jansson, Janet K AU - Neufeld, Josh D AU - Moran, Mary Ann AU - Gilbert, Jack A AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division Berkeley, CA, USA PY - 2012 SP - 1 EP - 3 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1462-2912, 1462-2912 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1753469761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Omics+for+understanding+microbial+functional+dynamics&rft.au=Jansson%2C+Janet+K%3BNeufeld%2C+Josh+D%3BMoran%2C+Mary+Ann%3BGilbert%2C+Jack+A&rft.aulast=Jansson&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=14622912&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1462-2920.2011.02518.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - figure 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02518.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association with poorly crystalline metal oxides; effect on soil organic matter storage and stability in four eastern deciduous forest soils AN - 1729848992; 2015-103381 AB - Redox-active metals and the global carbon cycle Strong association with mineral surfaces has been suggested as one mechanism underlying the long-term stabilization of organic matter in soils. Several recent studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between the content of poorly ordered crystalline metal oxide and hydroxide mineral phases and soil organic matter (SOM) or (super 14) C-based residence time. This positive correlation suggests that mineral-associated SOM persists over long time scales. We utilized selective chemical dissolution (acid ammonium oxalate in the dark and sodium pyrophosphate) coupled with radiocarbon measurements to investigate the relationship between poorly crystalline Fe, Al, and Mn oxyhydroxide phases on organic matter storage and turnover time across four deciduous forest sites in the eastern U.S.comprising three different soil orders (inceptisol, spodosol alfisol). Our results demonstrate that association with poorly-crystalline Fe and Al oxides (via adsorption to mineral surfaces and/or formation of soluble metal-OM complexes) do slow the turnover of SOM, with a significant positive linear relationship between radiocarbon turnover time and the content of oxalate extractable Al and Fe overall (R (super 2) = 0.60,P=0.0001,CL=95%). Piecewise regression analysis on turnover time vs. oxalate extractable metal oxide content for all four sites shows an apparent metal oxide threshold value at 5g kg (super -1) . Sites with oxalate extractable Fe and Al content below this value showed no statistically significant influence on SOM stability, presumably because the metal oxides are present in insufficient quantity to exert a measureable influence on the decomposability of SOM. Soluble Fe and Al oxyhydroxide-OM complexes extracted via treatment with Na-pyrophosphate had a statistically significant influence on carbon storage at only one site (Bartlett Experimental Forest, spodosol) (R (super 2) =0.92, P<0.0001, 95%CL). However a significant linear relationship between (super 14) C-based turnover time and Na-pyrophosphate extractable Fe and Al could not be demonstrated for any individual site. Thus, complexation of organic matter via reaction with Fe and Al oxide phases does not appear to be the dominant control on turnover time in the 0-15cm depth at the sites under study. Harvard Forest (inceptisol) had the highest poorly crystalline Fe concentrations estimated as (oxalate extractable Fe) - (Na-pyrophosphate extractable Fe) and exhibited the strongest influence on (super 14) C based turnover times (R (super 2) =0.82, P=0.0003,CL=95%); in this soil, poorly-crystalline Fe oxides and hydroxides are quantitatively important in stabilizing organic inputs against decomposition. Poorly crystalline Mn was found to exert a significant influence on SOM stability at a single site: Missouri Ozark Forest (alfisol) (R (super 2) =0.65,P=0.0051,CL=95%). No significant effect for Mn on SOM storage could be demonstrated for any of the four sites under study. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Porras, R AU - McFarlane, M AU - Torn, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2245 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - soils KW - forest soils KW - Missouri KW - oxyhydroxides KW - global KW - Ozark Mountains KW - mechanism KW - adsorption KW - solution KW - Spodosols KW - geochemical cycle KW - hydroxides KW - Alfisols KW - organic compounds KW - Inceptisols KW - quantitative analysis KW - Massachusetts KW - carbon KW - Harvard Forest KW - oxides KW - carbon cycle KW - Eh KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729848992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Association+with+poorly+crystalline+metal+oxides%3B+effect+on+soil+organic+matter+storage+and+stability+in+four+eastern+deciduous+forest+soils&rft.au=Porras%2C+R%3BMcFarlane%2C+M%3BTorn%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Porras&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2198.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; Alfisols; carbon; carbon cycle; Eh; forest soils; geochemical cycle; global; Harvard Forest; hydroxides; Inceptisols; Massachusetts; mechanism; Missouri; organic compounds; oxides; oxyhydroxides; Ozark Mountains; quantitative analysis; soils; solution; Spodosols; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ancient water and isolated ecosystems in crystalline bedrock AN - 1722152620; 2015-099682 AB - Saline groundwaters with distinct water stable isotope composition above the Global Meteoric Water Line (GMWL) are common in continental shields all over the world. Microbial life thrives in these extreme environments. The 2516 m deep Outokumpu Deep Drill Hole, located in eastern Finland, is an uncased hole hosted by Palaeoproterozoic turbiditic metasediments, ophiolite-derived altered ultramafic rocks and pegmatitic granitoids, and provides a direct access to gas rich formation waters, where diverse microbial communities have been found. Isotopic composition of water and dissolved strontium as well as geochemistry has been used to characterise the drill hole water profile in order to trace water origin and evolutionary time scales. Along with microbiological studies this helps to reveal the extent of isolation of sub-surface ecosystems. Water stable isotope composition of the Outokumpu Deep Drill Hole water is typical for shield brines, and clearly different from shallow fresh groundwater in the area. High salinity up to 70 g l (super -1) of total dissolved solids and high (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr ratio also indicate strong water-rock interaction. Five isotopically and geochemically distinct water types occur along the 2.5 km drill hole section. Two-component mixing between the (super 18) O and (super 2) H enriched saline water and lighter meteoric water can not explain the isotopic composition and trends observed. Instead, ancient meteoric waters recharged at different, warmer than present climatic conditions and subsequent evolution of groundwater by hydration of silicates is the most likely cause for the observed variation. In the plate tectonic and palaeoclimatic framework, residence times in the order of tens of millions of years are suggested. However, the time which these waters have been isolated from surficial waters and from each other may differ substantially between the water types. Changes in bacterial communities with depth correlate with the different water types indicating the occurrence of separate ecosystems at different depths. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Kietavainen, Riikka AU - Ahonen, Lasse AU - Kukkonen, Ilmo T AU - Kortelainen, Nina AU - Nyyssonen, Mari AU - Itavaara, Merja AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1934 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - communities KW - upper Precambrian KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - Paleoproterozoic KW - Europe KW - ecosystems KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - Outokumpu Finland KW - metamorphic rocks KW - metasedimentary rocks KW - crystalline rocks KW - bedrock KW - meteoric water KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Western Europe KW - Precambrian KW - Finland KW - isotope ratios KW - solutes KW - Proterozoic KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - hydration KW - Scandinavia KW - North Karelia Finland KW - D/H KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - brines KW - bacteria KW - strontium KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722152620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Ancient+water+and+isolated+ecosystems+in+crystalline+bedrock&rft.au=Kietavainen%2C+Riikka%3BAhonen%2C+Lasse%3BKukkonen%2C+Ilmo+T%3BKortelainen%2C+Nina%3BNyyssonen%2C+Mari%3BItavaara%2C+Merja%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kietavainen&rft.aufirst=Riikka&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1934&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1912.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; bacteria; bedrock; brines; communities; crystalline rocks; D/H; ecosystems; Europe; Finland; ground water; hydration; hydrogen; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; metamorphic rocks; metasedimentary rocks; meteoric water; North Karelia Finland; O-18/O-16; Outokumpu Finland; oxygen; Paleoproterozoic; Precambrian; Proterozoic; Scandinavia; solutes; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; upper Precambrian; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A consistent compositional formulation for multiphase reactive transport where chemistry affects hydrodynamics AN - 1686062720; 2015-050233 AB - Multiphase reactive transport formulations usually decouple flow (i.e., phase conservation) from reactive transport calculations (i.e., species conservation). Decoupling is not appropriate when reactions affect flow controlling variables (such as the partial pressure of gaseous components or the activity of water). We present a consistent compositional formulation that couples the conservation of all components. No explicit conservation of phases mass is required since they result from the conservation of all species in each phase. The formulation acknowledges that constant activity species do not affect speciation and can be eliminated, which reduces the number of unknowns. We discuss the formulation, the numerical solution, and the implementation into an object oriented code. The advantages of the formulation are illustrated by simulating the effect of mineral dehydration (including invariant points) on the hydrodynamic processes in an unsaturated column that reaches extremely dry conditions. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Gamazo, P AU - Saaltink, M W AU - Carrera, J AU - Slooten, L AU - Bea, S Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - January 2012 SP - 83 EP - 93 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 35 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - anhydrite KW - terrestrial environment KW - coupling KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - transport KW - dynamics KW - gypsum KW - reactive transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - discretization KW - water content KW - kinetics KW - soils KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - sulfates KW - arid environment KW - equations KW - equilibrium KW - boundary conditions KW - evaporation KW - saturation KW - partial pressure KW - multiphase flow KW - constitutive equations KW - dehydration KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686062720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=A+consistent+compositional+formulation+for+multiphase+reactive+transport+where+chemistry+affects+hydrodynamics&rft.au=Gamazo%2C+P%3BSaaltink%2C+M+W%3BCarrera%2C+J%3BSlooten%2C+L%3BBea%2C+S&rft.aulast=Gamazo&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2011.09.006 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anhydrite; arid environment; boundary conditions; concentration; constitutive equations; coupling; dehydration; discretization; dynamics; equations; equilibrium; evaporation; gypsum; hydrodynamics; kinetics; multiphase flow; numerical models; partial pressure; reactive transport; saturation; simulation; soils; sulfates; temperature; terrestrial environment; transport; water content DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2011.09.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Four years on, fluid sampling at the CO2CRC Otway stage 1 storage project AN - 1673368499; 2015-032840 AB - The Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies (CO2CRC) operates a storage pilot in the Otway Basin, Victoria. 65,445 tons of gas (80:20 mol.% CO (sub 2) :CH (sub 4) ) was injected into the Waarre C sandstone of a depleted natural gas field. The Naylor-1 monitoring well in the depleted Naylor gas field was instrumented with three U-tube geochemical samplers and additional downhole sensors in October, 2007. The U-tubes provide uncontaminated aliquots of formation fluid at reservoir pressure to surface without degassing. U-tube 1 samples the remaining methane gas cap while U-tubes 2 and 3 sample the reservoir at two separate depths below the post-production gas-water contact. Injection of the supercritical CO (sub 2) rich gas together with a series of tracers (CD (sub 4) , SF (sub 6) and Kr) into the CRC-1 well, located 300m away from Naylor-1 in a downdip direction, commenced on the 18th March, 2008. Dissolved CO (sub 2) and the three tracers were observed in U-tube 2, 101-121 days after injection and 56 days later U-tube 2 became self lifting with free gas arrival. After 303 days U-tube 3 slowly transitioned to self lift indicating the gas-water contact passed below the lowest U-tube sampling zone (7 m since the injection began). A second pulse of tracer compounds (SF (sub 6) and R-134a) was added to further investigate reservoir mixing within the gas column. Sampling continues presently and some of the latest results will be presented. The U-tubes have now remained in operation for over 4 years in this situation. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Stalker, Linda AU - Boreham, Chris AU - Freifeld, Barry AU - Underschultz, Jim AU - Jenkins, Charles AU - Ennis-King, Jonathan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 218 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 34 KW - carbon sequestration KW - Australasia KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Otway Basin KW - gas storage KW - fluid phase KW - Waarre C Sandstone KW - oil and gas fields KW - Victoria Australia KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - environmental management KW - Cooperative Research Center KW - sampling KW - Naylor Field KW - CRC KW - Australia KW - greenhouse gases KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673368499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Four+years+on%2C+fluid+sampling+at+the+CO2CRC+Otway+stage+1+storage+project&rft.au=Stalker%2C+Linda%3BBoreham%2C+Chris%3BFreifeld%2C+Barry%3BUnderschultz%2C+Jim%3BJenkins%2C+Charles%3BEnnis-King%2C+Jonathan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stalker&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=218&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; Australasia; Australia; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Cooperative Research Center; CRC; environmental management; fluid phase; gas storage; geochemistry; greenhouse gases; Naylor Field; oil and gas fields; Otway Basin; pollutants; pollution; reservoir rocks; sampling; Victoria Australia; Waarre C Sandstone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent modeling studies of gas production from hydrate deposits and of the corresponding geomechanical system response AN - 1673367980; 2015-032869 AB - Gas hydrates are solid crystalline compounds in which gas molecules are lodged within the lattices of ice crystals. The vast amounts of hydrocarbon gases that are trapped in hydrate deposits in the permafrost and in ocean sediments may constitute a promising energy source. We use the TOUGH+HYDRATE simulation code to investigate gas production from a wide range of hydrate deposits in several geologic settings all over the world, including recent discoveries. Additionally, we investigate the geomechanical stability of oceanic hydrate-bearing sediments under production. Class 1 hydrate deposits are characterized by a Hydrate-Bearing Layer (HBL) underlain by a two-phase zone involving mobile gas, and are obvious candidates for gas production. Class 2 hydrate deposits are characterized by a HBL that is underlain by a saturated zone of mobile water. Class 3 hydrate deposits are characterized by an isolated HBL that is not in contact with any hydrate-free zone of mobile fluids. The base of the HBL in Class 2 and 3 deposits may occur within or at the edge of the zone of thermodynamic hydrate stability. Class 4 deposits involve disperse, low-saturation accumulations, are typical of marine systems, and represent the majority of the global inventory of hydrates. Class 2 hydrates are promising, as they appear to yield large rates of hydrate-originating gas over long periods. Under favorable conditions and an appropriate well design, Class 2 deposits can deliver sustainably high, long-term rates. Production from depressurization-based dissociation of Class 3 deposits based on a constant bottom-hole pressure appears to be a promising approach even in deposits characterized by high hydrate saturations. This approach allows the production of very large volumes of hydrate-originating gas at high rates for long times using conventional technology. Finally, Class 4 deposits do not appear to be promising targets for gas production under any combination of system proper ties, initial conditions and production parameters. Production from hydrate deposits is characterized by (a) the need for confining boundaries, (b) a continuously declining water production and an improving RWGC over time (opposite to conventional gas reservoirs), and (c) the development of a free gas zone at the top of the hydrate layer (necessitating the existence of a gas cap for production). Depending on the type and proper ties of the sediments in the hydrate-bearing media, gas production from oceanic deposits may affect (possibly seriously) the wellbore stability and the geomechanical integrity of HBS under the conditions that are deemed desirable for production. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Moridis, George J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 247 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 34 KW - models KW - marine sediments KW - gas hydrates KW - natural gas KW - sediments KW - reservoir properties KW - petroleum KW - mechanical properties KW - simulation KW - production KW - reservoir rocks KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673367980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Recent+modeling+studies+of+gas+production+from+hydrate+deposits+and+of+the+corresponding+geomechanical+system+response&rft.au=Moridis%2C+George+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gas hydrates; marine sediments; mechanical properties; models; natural gas; petroleum; production; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sediments; simulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - THERMAL PERFORMANCE IMPACTS OF CENTRE-OF-GLASS DEFLECTIONS IN INSTALLED INSULATING GLAZING UNITS AN - 1671448303; 17902315 AB - The thermal performance impact of centre-of-glass (COG) deflections in double- and triple-pane insulating glass units (IGUs) installed at several locations throughout the US was studied. Deflection was measured during summer and winter temperatures. The results showed that outdoor temperature variations can be represented a linear change in COG gap width in double- and triple-pane IGUs within the temperature ranges measured. However, the summer-winter temperature-induced deflection is similar in magnitude to the observed spread in COG deflection of similar units at the same temperature, suggesting that factors other than temperature are of equal importance in determining the in-situ deflection of windows. The effect of deflection on thermal performance depends on the IGU's designed gap. Units constructed with smaller-than-optimal gaps often exhibit significant U-factor change due to temperature-induced reduction in gap width. This effect is particularly problematic in high-performance triple glazing where small gap dimension changes can have a large impact on performance. JF - Energy and Buildings AU - Hart, R AU - Goudey, H AU - Arasteh, D AU - Curcija, D C AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 453 EP - 460 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 564 Lausanne 1 CH-1001 Switzerland VL - 54 SN - 0378-7788, 0378-7788 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - BUILDING APPLICATION KW - CLIMATE KW - CONCAVE KW - CONVEX KW - DEFLECTION KW - DOUBLE GLAZING KW - FIELD TEST KW - GLASS KW - INSULATING GLASS KW - TECHNICAL KW - TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE KW - THERMAL INSULATING MATERIAL KW - THERMAL INSULATION KW - THERMAL PERFORMANCE KW - THERMAL PROPERTIES KW - THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE KW - U-VALUE KW - WEATHER KW - WEATHER CONDITION KW - WINDOW KW - WINDOW GLASS KW - Gaps KW - Glazing KW - Summer KW - Outdoor KW - Deflection KW - Cog KW - Winter KW - Spreads UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671448303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+and+Buildings&rft.atitle=THERMAL+PERFORMANCE+IMPACTS+OF+CENTRE-OF-GLASS+DEFLECTIONS+IN+INSTALLED+INSULATING+GLAZING+UNITS&rft.au=Hart%2C+R%3BGoudey%2C+H%3BArasteh%2C+D%3BCurcija%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+and+Buildings&rft.issn=03787788&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-01 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Geothermal induced seismicity; risks and rewards AN - 1660631199; 2015-018405 AB - A review has been undertaken of international experiences in geothermal induced seismicity, from both conventional operating projects and stimulation (EGS) projects. From a number of case studies, the review reached conclusions that, we hope, will assist developers and regulators manage this issue in a pragmatic manner, while enhancing fracture permeability and thereby energy recovery. Injection or extraction of fluid induces changes in reservoir pressure and temperature which perturbs in-situ stress conditions. This may be sufficient to trigger seismicity through a range of mechanisms. Understanding of the mechanisms involved has now advanced to the stage that mathematical models have been developed to simulate the processes. The phenomenon of post shut-in seismicity, for example, has been simulated. In many cases, the maximum magnitude of the induced events appears limited by the geometry of the volume of the stimulated reservoir. This leads to the conclusion that monitoring the spatial growth of seismicity in real time can help constrain the risk of inducing large damaging earthquakes on nearby faults. For site risk assessment, the level of background knowledge regarding natural rates of seismicity, in-situ stress state and rock strength parameters is important. Ongoing collaborative research, through IEA-GIA Annex XI and IPGT working groups is addressing outstanding issues with the objective of revising existing protocols, and reducing the risks. Key outstanding issues include: discriminating natural from induced events, thermo-elastic effects from long-term production-induced cooling, the effective extent of stress-field perturbations, the choice of stimulation methods to minimize ground shaking, and ways to reduce uncertainties in forecasts of induced seismicity effects. JF - 34th New Zealand geothermal workshop AU - Bromley, Chris J AU - Majer, Ernie L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 7 PB - University of Auckland, Auckland KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - geologic hazards KW - global KW - natural hazards KW - risk assessment KW - mathematical models KW - geothermal engineering KW - induced earthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - review KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660631199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bromley%2C+Chris+J%3BMajer%2C+Ernie+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bromley&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Geothermal+induced+seismicity%3B+risks+and+rewards&rft.title=Geothermal+induced+seismicity%3B+risks+and+rewards&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th New Zealand geothermal workshop N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science), Lower Hutt, New Zealand N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Attenuated Inheritance of Body Weight by Running in Monozygotic Twins AN - 1647020642; 21172344 AB - Genetic factors account for 40%-70% of the population variation in body mass index (BMI), suggesting that genetic predisposition is a major risk factor for excess weight. The purpose of this study was to test whether exercise attenuates the inherited risk for excess body weight. Survey questionnaires of exercise (usual running distance) and BMI were obtained from a national sample of 582 female and 344 male self-identified monozygotic (MZ) twins. Regression analyses were used to test whether running disparity diminished the inheritance of BMI when adjusted for age, education, cigarette use, and selected dietary variables. The results are consistent with the attenuation of the inherited risk of excess body weight by running, which is remarkable because BMI regulation is assumed to be multifactorial, its genetic inheritance is polygenic, and no single genetic polymorphism currently explains >1% of the BMI variance. JF - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise AU - Williams, Paul T AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Donner Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, ptwilliams@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 98 EP - 103 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street Philadelphia PA 19106-3621 United States VL - 44 IS - 1 SN - 0195-9131, 0195-9131 KW - Physical Education Index KW - RUNNING KW - PREVENTION KW - OBESITY KW - GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION KW - Track and field (distance running) KW - Genetics KW - Body mass KW - Running KW - Diet (weight control) KW - Tobacco KW - Sport science KW - Surveys KW - Exercise KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1647020642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.atitle=Attenuated+Inheritance+of+Body+Weight+by+Running+in+Monozygotic+Twins&rft.au=Williams%2C+Paul+T&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.issn=01959131&rft_id=info:doi/10.1249%2FMSS.0b013e31822676e8 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Track and field (distance running); Genetics; Running; Body mass; Tobacco; Diet (weight control); Surveys; Sport science; Exercise DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31822676e8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the influence of geochemical processes on multiphase fluid dynamics for concentrated solutions under dry conditions. AN - 1629940971; 2014-097795 JF - Geophysical Research Abstracts AU - Gamazo, P AU - Carrera, J AU - Saaltink, M W AU - Slooten, L AU - Ayora, C AU - Bea, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - Abstract EGU2012 EP - 363 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Geosciences Union (EGU), Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 14 SN - 1029-7006, 1029-7006 KW - solute transport KW - terrestrial environment KW - solutions KW - unsaturated zone KW - fluid phase KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - reactivity KW - transport KW - water pollution KW - soils KW - processes KW - experimental studies KW - mine waste KW - acid mine drainage KW - sulfates KW - secondary minerals KW - arid environment KW - pollution KW - capillary water KW - water balance KW - models KW - precipitation KW - tailings KW - soil gases KW - salinization KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629940971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+influence+of+geochemical+processes+on+multiphase+fluid+dynamics+for+concentrated+solutions+under+dry+conditions.&rft.au=Gamazo%2C+P%3BCarrera%2C+J%3BSaaltink%2C+M+W%3BSlooten%2C+L%3BAyora%2C+C%3BBea%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gamazo&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.issn=10297006&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2012/EGU2012-363.pdf http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/gra/gra.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - European Geosciences Union general assembly 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; arid environment; capillary water; experimental studies; fluid phase; ground water; laboratory studies; mine waste; models; pollution; precipitation; processes; reactivity; salinization; secondary minerals; simulation; soil gases; soils; solute transport; solutions; sulfates; tailings; terrestrial environment; transport; unsaturated zone; water balance; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental study of irreducible water saturation and residual CO (sub 2) saturation of reservoir rocks in the Erdos Basin in China AN - 1618134462; 2014-083284 AB - CO (sub 2) capture and storage (CCS) is one of the promising mitigation measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Erdos Basin, the second largest sedimentary basin in China, has hydrocarbon resources in reservoir formations and proved effective caprock formations, and thus is a good setting for CCS. The basin's storage capacity depends on irreducible water saturation and residual CO (sub 2) saturation. These parameters at core scale were investigated using laboratory experiments under 40 degrees Celsius and 8MPa for four types of basin-representative rock (Triassic sandstone, Permian sandstone, Cambrian dolomite and Carboniferous sandstone). The irreducible water saturations were measured by supercritical CO (sub 2) flooding of water-saturated cores. The residual CO (sub 2) saturations were estimated by water flooding of the cores flooded by CO (sub 2) with irreducible water saturation. Based on the pressure and flow rate change, displacement dynamics were discussed. The estimated irreducible water saturations ranged from 50.65% to 52.55% and residual CO (sub 2) saturations ranged from 21.10% to 34.80%. It was found that dissolved carbon concentrations in outflow water decreased to a stable value during water-flooding experiments. The operating time-scale of residual trapping (i.e., the time needed to dissolve all the residual CO (sub 2) under stable dissolved carbon conditions) was calculated and was found to be related with hydraulic gradients. Under a hydraulic gradient of 0.001, the operating time scale is 2848, 7024, 1681, and 1272880 years for the four rock types, respectively. The porosity, permeability, irreducible water saturation, and residual CO (sub 2) saturation suggest the Permian sandstone may be suitable for CCS. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Chang, Chun AU - Xia, Lu AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Li, Xiaoyuan AU - Yu, Qingchun AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 390 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 34 KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - hydraulics KW - Far East KW - carbon sequestration KW - Paleozoic KW - saturated materials KW - sandstone KW - Permian KW - porosity KW - cores KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - Erdos Basin KW - sedimentary rocks KW - saturation KW - reservoir properties KW - Asia KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - China KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618134462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Experimental+study+of+irreducible+water+saturation+and+residual+CO+%28sub+2%29+saturation+of+reservoir+rocks+in+the+Erdos+Basin+in+China&rft.au=Chang%2C+Chun%3BXia%2C+Lu%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin%3BLi%2C+Xiaoyuan%3BYu%2C+Qingchun%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Chun&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 24, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; China; clastic rocks; cores; Erdos Basin; experimental studies; Far East; hydraulics; laboratory studies; Paleozoic; permeability; Permian; porosity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sandstone; saturated materials; saturation; sedimentary rocks; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil vapour characterization and intrusion to indoor air; a reactive transport modelling approach AN - 1612262381; 2014-079863 AB - Vapour intrusion to indoor air often represents a significant exposure pathway for risk assessment at sites contaminated by volatile petroleum hydrocarbons. While the importance of biodegradation processes on the fate and transport of petroleum hydrocarbon vapours is well established, fewer studies have investigated site specific factors such as source concentration and location with respect to the building, pressure conditions, and soil properties, all of which have been shown to impact the potential for vapour intrusion [e.g., 2-4]. In this numerical modelling study, site specific factors are evaluated using the multi-component reactive transport code MIN3P-DUSTY. The model includes the key processes of hydrocarbon volatilization, gas- and aqueous-phase diffusion, gas-phase advection, aerobic biodegradation (using dual-Monod kinetics formulation) and sorption in a domain comprising the subsurface and the building foundation. Benzene and iso-octane are used as surrogates of the aromatic and aliphatic compounds of the gasoline vapours. Initially, a sub-model for transport through concrete and within foundations cracks was developed and benchmarked against an analytical solution. The model was calibrated based on a high quality data set for an unoccupied research house located above a petroleum hydrocarbon plume (located in North Battleford, Saskatchewan, Canada), and then used to predict the hydrocarbon vapour distribution for a range of observed and hypothetical conditions. For the observed site conditions, the calibrated model indicates soil vapour transport is dominated by diffusion and aerobic biodegradation, and that building pressures and soil gas advection have little influence on soil vapour concentrations. Comparison of wetter (spring) and drier (winter) conditions indicate that the vadose zone oxygen concentrations above the contamination source area are lower for wetter spring conditions because of the reduced diffusion through relatively wet surface soils. For most scenarios simulated, there is rapid attenuation of benzene within approximately 1 m of the source; however, less attenuation of iso-octane is predicted, consistent with site data. For a shallow NAPL scenario, a concrete foundation slab resulted in an oxygen shadow and increase in benzene and iso-octance concentrations below the building. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Jourabchi, P AU - Hers, I AU - Molins, S AU - Lahvis, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1908 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - diffusion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - calibration KW - properties KW - advection KW - benzene KW - air pollution KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - volatilization KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - soil pollution KW - hydrocarbons KW - reactive transport KW - air KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612262381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Soil+vapour+characterization+and+intrusion+to+indoor+air%3B+a+reactive+transport+modelling+approach&rft.au=Jourabchi%2C+P%3BHers%2C+I%3BMolins%2C+S%3BLahvis%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jourabchi&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1908&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1886.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; air; air pollution; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; calibration; diffusion; hydrocarbons; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; properties; reactive transport; soil pollution; soils; transport; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct evidence for isotopic fractionation during congruent dissolution, precipitation and at equilibrium AN - 1612262373; 2014-079884 AB - This study provides direct experimental evidence of magnesium (Mg) isotope fractionation between an aqueous fluid and magnesite during its congruent dissolution, precipitation, and at equilibrium. Closed-system batch reactor experiments were performed at temperatures from 120 to 200 degrees C and at 15 to 30 bars CO (sub 2) pressure. During congruent magnesite dissolution the fluid became enriched in isotopically heavy Mg, with a steady state delta (super 26) Mg (sub fluid) composition 0.4 ppm higher than the dissolving magnesite at 15 bars of CO (sub 2) pressure, and 0.15 ppm higher at 30 bars of CO (sub 2) pressure. Equilibrium (super 26) Mg/ (super 24) Mg fractionation factors (alpha (sub eqm) ) for the were found to be 0.99881 at 150 degrees C and 0.99912 at 200 degrees C, close to those predicted by density-functional electronic structure models Magnesite precipitation was provoked by increasing the reactor temperature after equilibrium had been attained via dissolution. Kinetic isotope fractionation effects consistent with Rayleigh fractionation were observed immediately after the reactor temperature was increased and rapid magnesite precipitation occurred. However, isotopic exchange continued as the system equilibrated, eradicating the kinetic signal in the precipitated solid. As most natural systems fail to sustain rapid precipitation rates long-term, this observation suggests that kinetic fractionation effects in precipitated minerals will not be preserved in most geological systems. The results of this study confirm the concept of dynamic equilibrium during water-mineral processes. Dynamic equilibrium also means that minerals and fluids will continue to equilibrate isotopically long after equilibrium is attained. This conclusion likely has significant consequences for the use of mineral isotopic compositions to illuminate chemical weathering processes, water-rock interaction in the crust, and past environmental conditions. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Oelkers, Eric H AU - Pearce, Christopher R AU - Saldi, Giuseppe D AU - Schott, Jacques AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2181 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - isotope fractionation KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - experimental studies KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - magnesite KW - solution KW - stable isotopes KW - laboratory studies KW - precipitation KW - Mg-26/Mg-24 KW - metals KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612262373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Direct+evidence+for+isotopic+fractionation+during+congruent+dissolution%2C+precipitation+and+at+equilibrium&rft.au=Oelkers%2C+Eric+H%3BPearce%2C+Christopher+R%3BSaldi%2C+Giuseppe+D%3BSchott%2C+Jacques%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oelkers&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2179.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; carbonates; chemical composition; experimental studies; geochemistry; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; magnesite; magnesium; metals; Mg-26/Mg-24; precipitation; solution; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethanol binding, orientation and bilayer structure on R-plane corundum surfaces AN - 1612262222; 2014-079940 AB - The interaction and binding of organic species with mineral surfaces is a large frontier in geochemistry. Mineral surfaces may sequester, sort, or contribute to breakdown reactions of organic molecules, but much of the details of these processes are poorly informed. Compared to inorganic sorbates, which interact with a surface by forming covalent and hydrogen bonds, and couple strongly to surface water molecules; organic structures may have partial or dominant hydrophobic interactions and reduced interaction with waters, multiple charges on a single molecule (e.g. zwitterion), and complex multi-site interactions with surface functional groups. In addition, a range of conformations may be possible, allowing adaptation to a surface, but differing from the solvated water-borne entity. These considerations have limited both the scope and utility of many past studies, with the vast majority involving measurement of uptake without information on the actual binding geometry or reaction mechanisms. The topic is one of profound interest given enormous numbers of industrial organic pollutants, natural biological agents, and pharmaceutical breakdown products entering the environment. We are developing a program to couple sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy (SFVS), surface x-ray scattering methods, and computer simulations to characterize organic species interactions with well-known mineral surfaces. The first work involves ethanol as a single monolayer, and as a bulk liquid, on the corundum R-plane (1-102) surface. SFVS spectra in the C-H range show that the monolayer has a well-defined anisotropic arrangement consistent with the R-plane termination. Specific molecular orientations and anisotropy can be explained by the formation of two hydrogen bonds between the ethanol molecules and the hydroxyls on the surface. When bulk ethanol is present, the first layer is similarly anisotropic, but the second is apically opposite with a nearly isotropic distribution. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Waychunas, Glenn AU - Sung, Jaeho AU - Shen, Y Ron AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2530 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - water KW - orientation KW - ethanol KW - organic compounds KW - hydrogen KW - carbon KW - alcohols KW - oxides KW - corundum KW - measurement KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612262222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Ethanol+binding%2C+orientation+and+bilayer+structure+on+R-plane+corundum+surfaces&rft.au=Waychunas%2C+Glenn%3BSung%2C+Jaeho%3BShen%2C+Y+Ron%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Waychunas&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2504.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; carbon; corundum; ethanol; hydrogen; measurement; organic compounds; orientation; oxides; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Real-time elemental and isotopic analysis at atmospheric pressure in a laser ablation plasma AN - 1612262140; 2014-079924 AB - Would the ability to immediately analyze any sample in the field for elemental and isotope content be of value to the geological community? It is possible and this talk will describe a new technology that offers just that capability. The technology has been named LAMIS for Laser Ablation Molecular Isotopic Spectroscopy. By expanding the capabilities of a classical laser plasma technology known as LIBS (Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) to emphasize the measurement of molecular emission spectra in addition to elemental, LAMIS provide geologist with a tool for measuring all elements and their isotopes, including light elements like Li, Be, C which are impossible with XRF. The basis of LAMIS is to analyze a tiny amount of the sample using the laser beam. No sample preparation or consumables are needed. We have developed LAMIS to date by establishing its ability to measure B, C, H, D, Sr and other isotopes. We have demonstrated down to percent levels for sensitivity and have experimental plans to meet ppm levels. This talk will describe the previous isotope work that has been reported in LIBS plasmas and show how LAMIS expands those capabilities. This talk will describe previous isotope work that has been reported in LIBS plasmas and show how LAMIS expands those capabilities. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Russo, R E AU - Mao, X L AU - Bol'shakov, A A AU - Yoo, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2308 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - laser methods KW - isotopes KW - B-11/B-10 KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - laser ablation KW - boron KW - spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612262140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Real-time+elemental+and+isotopic+analysis+at+atmospheric+pressure+in+a+laser+ablation+plasma&rft.au=Russo%2C+R+E%3BMao%2C+X+L%3BBol%27shakov%2C+A+A%3BYoo%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Russo&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2308&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2263.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - B-11/B-10; boron; isotopes; laser ablation; laser methods; spectra; stable isotopes; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial distribution of As(V) in cell-mineral aggregates formed by NO (sub 3) (super -) -reducing Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria AN - 1612261750; 2014-079882 AB - Ground water contamination with As is an environmental problem affecting human health. Sorption of As to Fe(III)-(oxyhydr)oxides, is one of the most efficient mechanisms for immobilizing As in the environment. Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria have recently been identified as possible contributors to As immobilization. The objective of this study was to map the partitioning of As at various stages of precipitation and to clarify the detoxification mechanisms. The nitrate-reducing, Fe(II)-oxidizing Acidovorax strain BoFeN1 was cultured in presence of 0.2-1 mM arsenate. Samples were prepared anoxically for spectromicroscopic identification and mapping of the of cell-mineral aggregates formed during biogenic Fe(II) oxidation. Chemical speciation of As was measured at sub-100 nm spatial resolution by scanning transmission (soft) X-ray microscopy (STXM) using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) detection at beamline 11.0.2, Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley USA. Biogenic Fe-precipitates formed at different stages of microbial Fe(II) oxidation were found to vary significantly in their affinity for arsenate sorption/coprecipitation. The cytoplasm and the periplasm of cells cultured in the absence of Fe as well as periplasmatic Fe(III) precipitates formed when cultivated with Fe(II)) were highly depleted in As(V). No reduction of arsenate to arsenite was detected, which would be an essential step in the conventional As-detoxification systems. These results together indicate a yet unknown, efficient mechanism of either hindering As(V) from entering the cytoplasm through the phosphate transport mechanisms, or an arsenate-specific efflux pump. Although present in the genome of BoFeN1, the arsC, arsA and the ARR3 genes which are involved in the conventional detoxification, seemed not to play a role in the As depletion of the cells. In contrast, cell-associated extracellular precipitates of mineral-filled cell-residues of late stages of Fe(II) oxidation were enriched in their As(V)-content. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Obst, Martin AU - Loesekann-Behrens, Tina AU - Behrens, Sebastian AU - Kappler, Andreas AU - Pantke, Claudia AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Hitchcock, Adam P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2180 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - sorption KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - iron KW - ground water KW - ferrous iron KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - public health KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612261750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Spatial+distribution+of+As%28V%29+in+cell-mineral+aggregates+formed+by+NO+%28sub+3%29+%28super+-%29+-reducing+Fe%28II%29-oxidizing+bacteria&rft.au=Obst%2C+Martin%3BLoesekann-Behrens%2C+Tina%3BBehrens%2C+Sebastian%3BKappler%2C+Andreas%3BPantke%2C+Claudia%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BHitchcock%2C+Adam+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Obst&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2179.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; bacteria; biochemistry; ferrous iron; geochemistry; ground water; iron; metals; nitrate ion; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; public health; sorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nucleation and crystal growth in confined nanopores AN - 1612261594; 2014-079919 AB - Storage of carbon dioxide in deep geological formations has emerged as an important option in managing anthropogenic CO (sub 2) . One concern of this storage method is the unknown long-term stability of injected CO (sub 2) . Moreover, it will be necessary to seal injection reservoirs to prevent release of gases and fluids. The precipitation of metal carbonate bearing minerals in pore spaces is one possible path for both sealing off reservoirs and securely binding injected CO (sub 2) . In general, crystallization from solution occurs at solid-liquid interfaces. The detailed structure of the solid surface plays a critical role in liquid-solid phase transformations. Nucleation and crystallization of these metal carbonates are greatly influenced by the surface shape, roughness, chemical species present, and nanoscopic confinement of the native metal oxides. Current understanding of the thermodynamics and kinetics of nucleation and growth is primarily based upon analyses of homogenous systems near equilibrium; distinctly different from the supersaturated systems with complex interface structures that would be found at real reservoir sites. Our aim is to bridge this gap, gaining a better understanding of how the subsurface environment influences the earliest stages of mineralization of sequestered CO (sub 2) at nanoscale dimensions. We will examine the rates of metal carbonate nucleation and growth as a function of material surface structure and chemistry. Thin films of silica containing nanometer sized pores of different shapes and dimensions will be screened for preferential crystal nucleation and growth. In-situ transmission electron microscopy utilizing a fluid cell designed with temperature and electrochemical control will be employed to monitor and drive surface-directed crystal growth in real time. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Ruminski, Anne AU - Urban, Jeffrey AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2305 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - carbon sequestration KW - in situ KW - human activity KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - TEM data KW - porosity KW - carbon dioxide KW - nucleation KW - crystallization KW - thermodynamic properties KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612261594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Nucleation+and+crystal+growth+in+confined+nanopores&rft.au=Ruminski%2C+Anne%3BUrban%2C+Jeffrey%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ruminski&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2263.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; crystal growth; crystal structure; crystallization; human activity; in situ; nucleation; porosity; TEM data; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluid cell TEM shows direction-specific interactions control crystal growth by oriented attachment AN - 1566816332; 2014-077611 AB - Oriented attachment (OA) of molecular clusters and nanoparticles in solution is now recognized as an important mechanism of crystal growth in many materials, yet the alignment process and attachment mechanism have not been established. Here we performed high-resolution TEM using a fluid cell to directly observe attachment of iron oxyhydroxide nanoparticles. Images were recorded with lattice fringe-resolution, enabling us to track particle orientations throughout the experiments. We find that the primary particles undergo continuous rotation and interaction until they find a perfect lattice match. A sudden "jump to contact" then occurs over < 1nm, followed by lateral atom-by-atom addition initiated at the contact point. Interface elimination proceeds at a rate consistent with the curvature-dependence of the Gibbs free energy. From the measured translational and rotational accelerations we calculate the magnitude of the inter-particle forces. The results show that highly-direction-specific interactions drive crystal growth via OA, and are likely the result of electrostatic forces. The findings of this study provide a dynamic view of the process of OA and answer the essential question of whether co-alignment occurs prior to attachment or comes about afterwards. In the case of freely diffusing nanoparticles, either near-perfect crystallographic orientation or a specific twin orientation that ensures interfacial coherence is required for attachment to occur. The results also shed light on the magnitude and nature of the forces that drive OA. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Li, Dongsheng AU - Nielsen, Michael H AU - Lee, Jonathan R AU - Frandsen, Cathrine AU - Banfield, Jillian AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2002 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - hydroxides KW - orientation KW - high-resolution methods KW - experimental studies KW - lattice KW - oxyhydroxides KW - oxides KW - free energy KW - crystal growth KW - nanoparticles KW - TEM data KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566816332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Fluid+cell+TEM+shows+direction-specific+interactions+control+crystal+growth+by+oriented+attachment&rft.au=Li%2C+Dongsheng%3BNielsen%2C+Michael+H%3BLee%2C+Jonathan+R%3BFrandsen%2C+Cathrine%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Dongsheng&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2002&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1965.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal growth; experimental studies; free energy; high-resolution methods; hydroxides; lattice; nanoparticles; orientation; oxides; oxyhydroxides; TEM data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Highly depleted Colorado Plateau gypsum deposits attributed to multiple episodes of redox cycling AN - 1542646286; 2014-047515 AB - The Department of Energy's Old Rifle site is a former uranium mill site situated along a floodplain of the Colorado River in western Colorado. The aquifer underlying the site consists of 6-7 m of Quaternary alluvium overlying the Tertiary Wasatch Formation. Sulfate concentrations in Old Rifle groundwater are elevated (8-10 mM), with unusually low sulfur isotope ratios (delta (super 34) S values from -6 to -10ppm). The source of the low delta (super 34) S sulfate in groundwater appears to be gypsum veins within the Wasatch Formation, which outcrops above the site and through which regional groundwater recharges the Old Rifle aquifer. Veins of gypsum sampled from the upper Wasatch have delta (super 34) S values lower than any previously reported in the literature (as low as -56ppm). The veins are associated with Fe-oxide minerals and visible iron staining and are in close proximity to fossilized plant material within the Wasatch sediments (Figure 1). The low delta (super 34) S gypsum is inferred to result from oxidation of (super 34) S-depleted sulfide minerals that formed in reducing zones associated with organic matter. Subsequent oxidation of the isotopically light sulfides mobilized low delta (super 34) S sulfate that precipitated as gypsum infillings within high permeability fractures. Modern analogs of such naturally reduced zones occur within the alluvial sediments at Old Rifle, which are characterized by lignitic organic carbon and framboidal pyrites having low delta (super 34) S values (as low as -70ppm). Associated with these pyrites are greatly elevated concentrations of uranium. Oxidation of such reduced zones within the alluvium and Wasatch Formation could lead to mobilization of reduced metals, such as uranium, that may explain the high background concentrations of metals in the Rifle groundwater outside of the tailings-impacted area. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Druhan, Jennifer L AU - Lukens, Wayne W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1593 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - Colorado Plateau KW - isotopes KW - clastic sediments KW - western Colorado KW - isotope ratios KW - oxidation KW - hydrochemistry KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - uranium ores KW - S-34/S-32 KW - sediments KW - metal ores KW - sulfur KW - alluvium KW - Colorado KW - geochemistry KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542646286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Highly+depleted+Colorado+Plateau+gypsum+deposits+attributed+to+multiple+episodes+of+redox+cycling&rft.au=Conrad%2C+Mark+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BDruhan%2C+Jennifer+L%3BLukens%2C+Wayne+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/files/Goldschmidt2012_Conference_Abstracts_C.pdf http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium; aquifers; clastic sediments; Colorado; Colorado Plateau; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotope ratios; isotopes; metal ores; oxidation; S-34/S-32; sediments; stable isotopes; sulfur; United States; uranium ores; western Colorado ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of the CO2CRC Otway CO2 Storage Project, Australia; Stages 1 and 2, objectives and outcomes AN - 1542642616; 2014-050180 JF - Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress AU - Hortle, Allison AU - Paterson, Lincoln AU - Friefeld, Barry AU - Ennis-King, Jonathon AU - Dance, Tess AU - Stalker, Linda AU - Haese, Ralf AU - Boreham, Chris AU - Holysh, Steve AU - Howard, Ken Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 270 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 39 KW - technology KW - contaminant plumes KW - characterization KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Otway Basin KW - abandoned oil wells KW - onshore KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - Victoria Australia KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - oil wells KW - Australia KW - monitoring KW - methane KW - carbon sequestration KW - Australasia KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - injection KW - bubbles KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - greenhouse gases KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542642616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Association+of+Hydrogeologists+Congress&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+the+CO2CRC+Otway+CO2+Storage+Project%2C+Australia%3B+Stages+1+and+2%2C+objectives+and+outcomes&rft.au=Hortle%2C+Allison%3BPaterson%2C+Lincoln%3BFriefeld%2C+Barry%3BEnnis-King%2C+Jonathon%3BDance%2C+Tess%3BStalker%2C+Linda%3BHaese%2C+Ralf%3BBoreham%2C+Chris%3BHolysh%2C+Steve%3BHoward%2C+Ken&rft.aulast=Hortle&rft.aufirst=Allison&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=&rft.spage=270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Association+of+Hydrogeologists+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - #06122 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned oil wells; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Australasia; Australia; bubbles; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; characterization; contaminant plumes; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; injection; methane; monitoring; Monte Carlo analysis; oil wells; onshore; organic compounds; Otway Basin; pollution; reservoir rocks; risk assessment; saturation; seepage; simulation; statistical analysis; technology; Victoria Australia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in the intermediate water mass formation rates in the global ocean for the last glacial maximum, mid-Holocene and pre-industrial climates AN - 1535204037; 2014-039761 AB - The paleoclimate version of the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate System Model version 3 (NCAR-CCSM3) is used to analyze changes in the water formation rates in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), mid-Holocene (MH) and pre-industrial (PI) control climate. During the MH, CCSM3 exhibits a north-south asymmetric response of intermediate water subduction changes in the Atlantic Ocean, with a reduction of 2 Sv in the North Atlantic and an increase of 2 Sv in the South Atlantic relative to PI. During the LGM, there is increased formation of intermediate water and a more stagnant deep ocean in the North Pacific. The production of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) is significantly weakened. The NADW is replaced in large extent by enhanced Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water (GNAIW), and also by an intensified of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), with the latter being a response to the enhanced salinity and ice formation around Antarctica. Most of the LGM intermediate/mode water is formed at 27.4 < sigma (sub theta ) < 29.0 kg/m (super 3) , while for the MH and PI most of the subduction transport occurs at 26.5 < sigma (sub theta ) < 27.4 kg/m (super 3) . The simulated LGM Southern Hemisphere winds are more intense by 0.2-0.4 dyne/cm (super 2) . Consequently, increased Ekman transport drives the production of intermediate water (low salinity) at a larger rate and at higher densities when compared to the other climatic periods. JF - Paleoceanography AU - Wainer, I AU - Goes, M AU - Murphy, L N AU - Brady, E Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Citation PA3101 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0883-8305, 0883-8305 KW - sea water KW - last glacial maximum KW - density KW - sea ice KW - salinity KW - marine transport KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - intermediate water KW - transport KW - Antarctic Bottom Water KW - mixing KW - ice KW - world ocean KW - general circulation models KW - ocean circulation KW - Quaternary KW - sea surface water KW - middle Holocene KW - Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water KW - Antarctic Intermediate Water KW - North Atlantic Deep Water KW - downwelling KW - Pacific Ocean KW - sea-surface temperature KW - winds KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - CCSM3 KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535204037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Paleoceanography&rft.atitle=Changes+in+the+intermediate+water+mass+formation+rates+in+the+global+ocean+for+the+last+glacial+maximum%2C+mid-Holocene+and+pre-industrial+climates&rft.au=Wainer%2C+I%3BGoes%2C+M%3BMurphy%2C+L+N%3BBrady%2C+E&rft.aulast=Wainer&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Paleoceanography&rft.issn=08838305&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2012PA002290 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/pa/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - POCGEP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctic Bottom Water; Antarctic Intermediate Water; Atlantic Ocean; carbon dioxide; CCSM3; Cenozoic; climate change; density; downwelling; general circulation models; Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water; Holocene; ice; intermediate water; last glacial maximum; marine transport; middle Holocene; mixing; North Atlantic Deep Water; ocean circulation; Pacific Ocean; paleoclimatology; Quaternary; salinity; sea ice; sea surface water; sea water; sea-surface temperature; transport; winds; world ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012PA002290 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metals and microbes; imaging organic matter-mineral relationships at high resolution with STXM/NanoSIMS AN - 1535203179; 2014-037863 AB - Advancing understanding of soil organic-mineral interactions requires disentangling the complex interactions between soil mineral surfaces, decomposed organic compounds, and soil microbes in structurally intact soil. To avoid method-related artifacts that are associated with the common physical soil fractionation techniques, non-invasive high-resolution imaging techniques have been recently developed to simultaneously determine the molecular composition, source and fate of added OM, and location of OM within soil micro-aggregates. Simultaneous high-resolution chemical characterization and isotope tracing can be achieved by combining nano-scale imaging mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) and spatially resolved spectroscopy (STXM/NEXAFS). These techniques allow precise, high-resolution, quantitative measurement of molecular and isotopic patterns in an undisturbed sample. In a series of recent experiments, we combined these techniques to map organic carbon distribution, and image associations of organics with specific metal-oxide minerals in soil. In these experiments, we used 15N- and 13C-organic matter incubations and NanoSIMS imaging to track the fate of specific microbial and plant polymers. This has allowed us to measure preferential OM associations with Fe and Mn oxides and clay particles. Using synchrotron-based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) analysis of the same microstructures, we can then measure the molecular class of these particles, for example, thin amine N coatings covering Fe (hydr)oxides, and microbial lipids coating montmorillonite particles. These high-resolution imaging approaches are complementary to more traditional bulk analyses (14C dating, NMR, density fractionation) and can yield mechanistic explanations for processes which influence organic matter decomposition in soil. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Pett-Ridge, Jennifer AU - Keiluweit, Marco AU - Bougoure, Jeremy AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Weber, Peter K AU - Zeglin, Lydia AU - Myrold, David D AU - Kleber, Markus AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2227 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - soils KW - high-resolution methods KW - iron oxides KW - isotopes KW - XAFS spectra KW - mass spectra KW - X-ray spectra KW - biota KW - organic compounds KW - mineral composition KW - tracers KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - NanoSIMS KW - ecology KW - spectra KW - mineral surface KW - microorganisms KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535203179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Metals+and+microbes%3B+imaging+organic+matter-mineral+relationships+at+high+resolution+with+STXM%2FNanoSIMS&rft.au=Pett-Ridge%2C+Jennifer%3BKeiluweit%2C+Marco%3BBougoure%2C+Jeremy%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BWeber%2C+Peter+K%3BZeglin%2C+Lydia%3BMyrold%2C+David+D%3BKleber%2C+Markus%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pett-Ridge&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2198.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; chemical fractionation; ecology; high-resolution methods; iron oxides; isotopes; manganese oxides; mass spectra; microorganisms; mineral composition; mineral surface; NanoSIMS; organic compounds; oxides; soils; spectra; tracers; X-ray spectra; XAFS spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Revisited multicomponent chemical geothermometry; application to the Dixie Valley geothermal area AN - 1535202726; 2014-037837 AB - The multicomponent chemical geothermometry method involves computing the saturation indices of potential reservoir minerals over a range of temperatures, given a known geothermal fluid composition, then inferring reservoir temperature from the clustering of mineral saturation indices near zero. This method was automated as a stand-alone computer program (geoT), easing its application and allowing optimization of model input parameters using parameter-estimation software. The code can process simultaneously multiple water compositions, and correct for dilution and mixing effects as well as gas loss. The temperature of the reservoir is estimated from statistical analysis of computed mineral saturation indices. One difficulty of the method is that it is sensitive to potentially erroneous Al chemical analyses, an issue which can be partly resolved by resorting to computed Al concentrations assuming equilibration with selected Al-bearing minerals. The geothermometry method and new code are being tested on geothermal fluids from Dixie Valley (Nevada, USA) using an extensive set of water and gas analyses. These data include total and dissolved ("ionized") Al analyses in filtered (0.45 and 0.2 mm) and unfiltered water samples, allowing testing the effect of these various reported Al concentrations on predicted temperatures. A set of minerals prevailing in the geothermal reservoir was assumed based on XRD data from well cuttings. Gas analyses were added back to the well waters, and increased salinity effects caused by the reinjection of flashed brines into the reservoir were also considered. Using "ionized" Al concentrations in unfiltered samples, reservoir temperatures of approximately 250 degrees C were obtained. These temperatures were similar to values obtained by computing Al concentrations assuming equilibrium with Al minerals (albite, microcline, muscovite). These temperatures seem reliable because they are consistent with measured downhole water temperatures. In contrast, the 0.2-mu filtered Al analyses led to lower computed temperatures close to sampling temperatures (160 degrees -180 degrees C) and corresponding to different equilibrated minerals. In this case, the 0.2-mu filtered Al concentrations appear too low, apparently reflecting the filtering-out of colloidal Al formed by cooling. Hot spring waters from the wider Dixie Valley area were also investigated. The lack of consistency between their reconstructed equilibrium temperatures, as well as significant differences in their chemical composition may indicate that Dixie Valley hosts several distinct reservoirs. Batch geochemical modelling and reactive transport simulations are being conducted to understand processes affecting the deep geothermal fluids on their way to the surface and to characterize the hydrologic relations between the deep reservoir and the superficial hot springs. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Peiffer, L AU - Wanner, C AU - Spycher, N AU - Sonnenthal, E AU - Kennedy, B M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2216 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - silicates KW - Churchill County Nevada KW - plagioclase KW - geologic thermometry KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - albite KW - Dixie Valley KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - computer programs KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - mineral composition KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - framework silicates KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - feldspar group KW - Nevada KW - P-T conditions KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535202726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Revisited+multicomponent+chemical+geothermometry%3B+application+to+the+Dixie+Valley+geothermal+area&rft.au=Peiffer%2C+L%3BWanner%2C+C%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BSonnenthal%2C+E%3BKennedy%2C+B+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peiffer&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2198.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - albite; aluminum; chemical composition; Churchill County Nevada; computer programs; data processing; Dixie Valley; feldspar group; framework silicates; geochemistry; geologic thermometry; geothermal reservoirs; metals; mineral composition; Nevada; P-T conditions; plagioclase; reservoir rocks; silicates; statistical analysis; temperature; United States; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of coupled flow and geochemical reactions at the pore scale by direct numerical simulation AN - 1524611988; 2014-030960 AB - Prediction of chemical fate and transport in subsurface environments often relies on reaction rate constants applicable to each grid block of continuum-scale numerical models. Typically, laboratory-determined reaction rates are applicable to a scale smaller than that resolved by the continuum-scale models. Upscaling of these rates to a grid block is possible under certain conditions; otherwise, microscopic and macroscopic scales need be considered simultaneously. This is often the case in carbon sequestration or remediation applications where the subsurface geochemical system is driven to far-from-equilibrium conditions in relatively short time scales, which result in short characteristic length scales. In addition, induced geochemical reactions such as mineral precipitation and dissolution can modify the geometry and structure of porous media, which further affects the macroscopic reactions rates. Direct numerical simulation techniques in which the Navier-Stokes or Stokes equations are solved using conventional methods (e.g. finite volume, differences) allow for incorporation of complex multicomponent reaction networks into pore scale models. We employ pore scale modeling based on direct numerical simulation of flow and multicomponent reactive transport to investigate the two-way coupling between precipitation-dissolution reactions and flow. We focus on calcite dissolution-precipitation as system of environmental relevance. We observe that non-uniformity in the flow field at the pore scale decreases the overall reactivity of the system in equivalent continuum-scale systems. The effect becomes more pronounced as the heterogeneity of the reactive grain packing increases, particularly where the flow slows sufficiently such that the solution approaches equilibrium locally and the average rate becomes transport-limited. Simulations show that dissolution and precipitation reactions affect the pore space non-uniformly. As a result, a simple porosity-permeability correlation may be insufficient to describe the complexity of the reaction-induced pore space evolution. The relative magnitude of the reaction rate constants affects the evolution of the permeability-porosity relationship. In dissolution simulations, fast reactions result in localized effects and further evolution of permeability is relatively unaffected by subsequent porosity increase. In contrast, slow reactions cause a less localized dissolution, with the result that the permeability increase is consistent with the porosity increment. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Molins, S AU - Shen, C AU - Silin, D AU - Steefel, C I AU - Trebotich, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2125 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - laboratory studies KW - mitigation KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - chemical reactions KW - solution KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - remediation KW - calcite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524611988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+coupled+flow+and+geochemical+reactions+at+the+pore+scale+by+direct+numerical+simulation&rft.au=Molins%2C+S%3BShen%2C+C%3BSilin%2C+D%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BTrebotich%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2045.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbon sequestration; carbonates; chemical reactions; experimental studies; geochemistry; laboratory studies; mitigation; numerical models; remediation; solution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Examining the root exudate-induced cycling of reactive manganese species in the rhizosphere AN - 1524611654; 2014-032566 AB - Dynamics of reactive metals and soil organic matter (SOM) operating in the rhizosphere can be dramatically different from those occurring in the surrounding bulk soil due to the many interactions between roots, microorganisms, soil particles, and SOM. One of the main driving forces in changing the chemical, biological, and physical properties of the rhizosphere is the exudation of low molecular weight (LMW) organic compounds by the root. LMW exudates represent a significant C flux into soil ecosystems; compounds such as simple sugars, organic acids, and phenols have also been shown to facilitate cycling of redox active metals (e.g., Fe and Mn). This phenomenon is not only observed in aquic and poorly drained soils, but seems to be common in any upland soil with moisture regimes other than aridic or xeric. In the research presented here we assumed that LMW exudates and microbial activity in the rhizosphere act together to create redox active microsites in soil. We further hypothesize that redox active microsites are short-lived and continuously recreated, thereby generating a steady supply of reactive manganese (Mn) species. This rhizosphere redox cycling may control the availability of reactive forms of Mn that have been mechanistically linked to the oxidative breakdown of complex organic substrates such as lignin. We tested our hypothesis by examining the effect of different LMW exudates (oxalate, glucose, acetate, and vanillin) on the Mn dynamics of two different soil types in rhizosphere microcosms. Artificial roots allowed for the release of LMW exudates into structurally intact soil at realistic rates. Results from O (sub 2) microsensor measurements as well as bulk and spectroscopic analyses show how root exudates vary in their ability to (i) induce reducing conditions, (ii) influence the activity of lignolytic enzymes, and (iii) affect the abundance and speciation of reactive Mn species in the rhizosphere. Our results indicate that Mn redox cycling in the rhizosphere may be plant-driven. If confirmed for natural soil environments, the exudates-induced formation of reactive Mn species may have important implications for the turnover of complex biopolymers such as lignin in the rhizosphere. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Keiluweit, Marco AU - Nico, Peter AU - Bougoure, Jeremy AU - Pett-Ridge, Jennifer AU - Kleber, Markus AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1926 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - soils KW - roots KW - biochemistry KW - rhizosphere KW - manganese KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - ecology KW - chemical composition KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524611654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Examining+the+root+exudate-induced+cycling+of+reactive+manganese+species+in+the+rhizosphere&rft.au=Keiluweit%2C+Marco%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BBougoure%2C+Jeremy%3BPett-Ridge%2C+Jennifer%3BKleber%2C+Markus%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Keiluweit&rft.aufirst=Marco&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1926&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1912.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; ecology; geochemical cycle; manganese; metals; nutrients; organic compounds; rhizosphere; roots; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics and thermodynamics of calcite nucleation on self-assembled monolayers AN - 1524609848; 2014-009047 AB - Sites of biogenic calcification are comprised of a complex macromolecular assemblage that is implicated in regulating the onset of mineralization. Previous studies have qualitatively investigated the influence of functional group chemistry on calcium carbonate (CaCO (sub 3) ) formation using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as proxies for the macromolecules associated with biominerals. While these efforts have demonstrated that chemical functionality influences calcium carbonate phase, morphology, and nucleating face, they cannot provide insights into the kinetics of nucleation or the energy barrier associated with mineralization. This study tests the hypothesis that specific chemical functional groups regulate the kinetics and thermodynamics of CaCO (sub 3) formation by using SAMs with different termini (-COOH, -PO (sub 4) , and -SH) as substrates for calcite nucleation. We measured nucleation rates on each substrate at a variety of chemical driving forces both above and below the reported solubility of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), although ACC formation was not observed in these systems. Using classical nucleation theory to interpret the kinetic data, we calculated calcite-substrate interfacial energies and estimated substrate-specific effects on the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation. Calcite - substrate interaction forces were quantified with independent dynamic force microscopy measurements. A second part of the study investigated the effect of magnesium on calcite nucleation rates and barriers for selected substrates. The kinetic measurements show a strong dependence of calcite nucleation rate on functional group chemistry. Interfacial free energies for 16-C alkanethiols terminated by -COOH and -SH were reduced to 82 and 91 mJ/m (super 2) , respectively, from approximately 110 mJ/m (super 2) reported for calcite in solution. The kinetic behaviour is accurately described with classical models of nucleation, and calcite-substrate interaction force is positively correlated with the reduction in interfacial free energy. Rate measurements from solutions containing progressive amounts of magnesium demonstrate reductions in calcite nucleation rate without affecting the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Hamm, Laura M AU - Han, Nizhou AU - Giuffre, Anthony AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Dove, Patricia M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1801 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - biomineralization KW - calcification KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - calcite KW - nucleation KW - mineralization KW - calcium carbonate KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524609848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Kinetics+and+thermodynamics+of+calcite+nucleation+on+self-assembled+monolayers&rft.au=Hamm%2C+Laura+M%3BHan%2C+Nizhou%3BGiuffre%2C+Anthony%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BDove%2C+Patricia+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hamm&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1801&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/files/Goldschmidt2012_Conference_Abstracts_H.pdf http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomineralization; calcification; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbonates; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; crystal structure; kinetics; mineralization; nucleation; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extracellular c-Type cytochromes from Geobacter bemidjiensis AN - 1507181943; 2014-017482 AB - The subsurface clade 1 of the Geobacteraceae often predominates during acetate-stimulated bioremediation of uranium-contaminated sites. The metabolic activity of this clade has been linked to solid phase U(VI) and Fe(III) reduction in the subsurface. Despite its importance for subsurface metal reduction, the complement of electron transfer proteins expressed by members of this clade have not been identified. Geobacter bemidjiensis is a cultured representative of subsurface clade 1 and is an excellent model system to begin to understand electron transfer in the subsurface Geobacteracae clade 1. Inspection of the genome of G. bemidjiensis identified 84 proteins predicted to encode for c-type cytochromes. To identify the dominant c-type cytochromes expressed by G. bemidjiensis, proteomics was performed on cultures grown with fumarate as an electron acceptor. A substantial fraction of c-type cytochromes were localized in the extracellular medium or were easily sheared from the outer-membrane. The most abundant of these c-type cytochromes was a flavocytochrome that clustered with fumarate reductases from Shewanella species. Other abundant c-type cytochromes included a homolog of OmcB, a cytochrome required for optimal reduction of Fe(III) oxides in G. sulfurreducens, and a nonaheme cytochrome whose only homologs were found in Geobacter species from subsurface clade 1. Seven expressed c-type cytochromes were predicted to have >25 heme prosethetic groups. Peptides from the abundant G. bemidjiensis cytochromes were also found in proteomic measurements of groundwater from a uranium-contaminated site at Rifle, CO undergoing acetate stimulation. The extracellular c-type cytochromes are distinct from those cytochromes identified for G. sulfurreducens and suggest that the Geobacteraceae from subsurface clade 1 may possess novel pathways for electron transfer. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Castelle, Cindy J AU - Wrighton, Kelly C AU - Wilkins, Michael J AU - Lipton, Mary S AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Singer, Steven W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2378 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - soils KW - esters KW - mine waste KW - acetates KW - Geobacter KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - environmental management KW - waste management KW - uranium ores KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - metal ores KW - cladistics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507181943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Extracellular+c-Type+cytochromes+from+Geobacter+bemidjiensis&rft.au=Castelle%2C+Cindy+J%3BWrighton%2C+Kelly+C%3BWilkins%2C+Michael+J%3BLipton%2C+Mary+S%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BSinger%2C+Steven+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Castelle&rft.aufirst=Cindy&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2378&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2310.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; bacteria; bioremediation; cladistics; environmental management; esters; Geobacter; metal ores; mine waste; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; uranium ores; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of coupled mechanisms of flow and geomechanics in fractured tight-gas and shale-gas reservoirs AN - 1507177382; 2014-017305 AB - In this paper we analyze by means of numerical simulation the mechanisms and processes of coupled flow and geomechanics in two types of fractured tight gas reservoirs: shale and tight-sand systems. The numerical model includes Darcy's law as the basic equation of multi-phase flow and accurately describes the thermophysical proper ties of the reservoir fluids, but also incorporates other options that cover the spectrum of known physics that may be involved: non-Darcy flow, as described by a multi-phase extension of the Forschheimer equation that accounts for laminar, inertial and turbulent effects; non-Newtonian flow, which can occur in low-permeability systems when flow is activated only when pressure gradients exceed a threshold value; stress-sensitive flow proper ties of the matrix and of the fractures, i.e., porosity, permeability, relative permeability and capillary pressure; gas slippage (Klinkenberg) effects; and, non-isothermal effects, accounting for the consequences of energy balance and temperature changes in the presence of phenomena such as Joule-Thompson cooling in the course of gas production. The flow and storage behavior of the fractured media (shale or tight sand) is represented by double-porosity, multi-porosity, dual-permeability, and Multiple Interactive Continua (MINC) models, in addition to an Effective Continuum Method (ECM) option as the reference case, and includes a gas sorption term that follows the Langmuir isotherm. The coupled geomechanical studies investigate the evolution of secondary fractures related to the main fractures induced by hydraulic fracturing, the short- and long-term behavior of the primary and secondary fractures, the corresponding changes in the permeability of matrix and fracture, and the overall effect on production. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Moridis, George J AU - Kim, Jihoon AU - Freeman, Craig M AU - Blasingame, Thomas A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1833 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 34 KW - sorption KW - petroleum engineering KW - capillary pressure KW - shale gas KW - natural gas KW - mechanism KW - coupling KW - petroleum KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Langmuir equation KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - numerical models KW - fluid flow KW - gas shale KW - tight gas KW - porosity KW - flows KW - isotherms KW - multiphase flow KW - reservoir properties KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507177382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+coupled+mechanisms+of+flow+and+geomechanics+in+fractured+tight-gas+and+shale-gas+reservoirs&rft.au=Moridis%2C+George+J%3BKim%2C+Jihoon%3BFreeman%2C+Craig+M%3BBlasingame%2C+Thomas+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1833&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillary pressure; coupling; flows; fluid flow; fractures; gas shale; hydraulic fracturing; isotherms; Langmuir equation; mechanism; multiphase flow; natural gas; numerical models; permeability; petroleum; petroleum engineering; porosity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks; shale gas; sorption; temperature; tight gas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early Earth differentiation; before and after Earth formation AN - 1507177366; 2014-017467 AB - An increasingly long list of isotopic differences between Earth and most types of chondritic meteorites is straining the traditional model of bulk Earth composition that has chondritic abundances of the refractory lithophile elements. Some isotopic differences (e.g. Cr, Mo, Ba) reflect an imperfect mix of the various nucleosynthetic contributions to the Solar nebula. Oxygen isotope differences between Earth and meteorites appear to reflect photochemically induced isotope variation in the nebula with differential sampling of volatile and refractory components by meteorites and terrestrial planets. Both causes of isotope variation point to chemical variability in the Solar nebula that was inherited by the terrestrial planets. The composition of the bulk-silicate-Earth predicted from the difference in (super 142) Nd/ (super 144) Nd between Earth and chondrites is most consistent with the loss of a component produced by low-pressure melting. Compared to chondritic Earth models, the calculated non-chondritic Earth composition has 30-35% lower concentrations of heat producing elements (U, Th, K), eliminating the need for (super 40) Ar retention in the mantle, and implying that incompatible element depleted material is the volumetrically dominant mantle component. Variability in the relative abundance of daughter products ( (super 142) Nd, (super 182) W) of short-lived nuclides in Archean/Hadean rocks points to preservation of chemical heterogeneity within Earth's interior that was created by differentiation events occurring prior to 4.3-4.4 Ga. The declining (super 142) Nd variability between 3.8 and 3.5 Ga must reflect mixing within the silicate mantle. While this explanation might also apply to the recent discovery of (super 182) W variability, another option is that the W isotopic variability reflects addition of siderophile elements to Earth's mantle by continued late accretion. The composition of Hadean crust exposed in the Nuvvuagittuq greenstone belt and the inferred composition of the host rocks of the Western Australia Hadean zircons point to the beginning of crust forming processes similar to those acting through the Archean within 100-200 Ma of Earth formation. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Carlson, R W AU - Boyet, M AU - Jackson, M G AU - O'Neil, J AU - Qin, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1545 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - stable isotopes KW - early solar system KW - terrestrial planets KW - solar nebula KW - planets KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Nd-144/Nd-142 KW - metals KW - rare earths KW - neodymium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507177366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Early+Earth+differentiation%3B+before+and+after+Earth+formation&rft.au=Carlson%2C+R+W%3BBoyet%2C+M%3BJackson%2C+M+G%3BO%27Neil%2C+J%3BQin%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1534.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - early solar system; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; Nd-144/Nd-142; neodymium; O-18/O-16; oxygen; planets; radioactive isotopes; rare earths; solar nebula; stable isotopes; terrestrial planets ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of the reactive surface area relevant to CO (sub 2) mineralization in a reservoir sandstone AN - 1492586358; 2014-005399 AB - The accessible surface area of reactive minerals considered in reactive transport models are needed to multiply rate constants associated with the reactive minerals, since the latter are typically normalized to a unit surface area. An experimental approach is developed and applied in this study that enables the measurement of the surface area of each reactive mineral located within the connected pore network of a sandstone from a carbon sequestration pilot site in Cranfield, Mississippi [1]. Several analytical techniques are used that probe the sample at different scales and dimensions, including X-ray based micro-tomography (u-CT), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy-Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDX), Backscattered Electron Microscopy (BSE-SEM), and Focus Ion Beam-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM). In contrast to the methods commonly employed to measure mineral surface areas, our approach accounts for the fraction of the mineral surface that is accessible to transport. Our method thus may help minimize the discrepancy often observed in the literature between the rates predicted by models and those measured in the field, and could be used in reactive transport models that would accurately predict the fate of CO2 in the deep subsurface. The accessible surface area of each reactive mineral present in the sandstone is inferred, in m2/g, by multiplying the fraction of each reactive mineral next to the connected pore network, measured in 2D (Figure 1), with the surface area of the connected pore network in the rock, which is measured in 3D from u-CT tomography images. The characterization approach employed in this study is suitable for mapping the mineral distribution and pore structure found in a reservoir sandstone currently being considered as a sequestration site. Our approach could be also employed to characterize the physical and chemical properties of the rock after CO2 injection. This would be useful in determining where precisely carbon dioxide is trapped in the rock and in identifying the CO2 sequestration mechanisms. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Landrot, Gautier AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B AU - Cabrini, Stephano AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1972 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - North America KW - carbon sequestration KW - Mississippi KW - sandstone KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - Adams County Mississippi KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - Cranfield Mississippi KW - mineralization KW - geochemistry KW - clastic rocks KW - mineral surface KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492586358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+the+reactive+surface+area+relevant+to+CO+%28sub+2%29+mineralization+in+a+reservoir+sandstone&rft.au=Landrot%2C+Gautier%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B%3BCabrini%2C+Stephano%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Landrot&rft.aufirst=Gautier&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1972&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/files/Goldschmidt2012_Conference_Abstracts_L.pdf http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Mississippi; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; clastic rocks; Cranfield Mississippi; field studies; geochemistry; Gulf Coastal Plain; mineral composition; mineral surface; mineralization; Mississippi; North America; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the control on the kinetic Cr isotope fractionation factor; a reactive transport modeling approach AN - 1477832460; 2014-003569 AB - Fractionation of the four stable Cr isotopes ( (super 50) Cr, (super 52) Cr, (super 53) Cr and (super 54) Cr) is a well-accepted proxy for demonstrating Cr(VI) reduction occurring in geological systems [1]. Regarding Cr(VI) contaminated sites, tracking of Cr(VI) reduction is especially powerful when assessing the natural Cr(VI) reduction capacity or when performing an efficiency control of in-situ remediation measures. For typical near neutral pH-values, field scale Cr(VI) reduction efficiency has been quantified using a Rayleigh-type model assuming that the effective kinetic Cr isotope fractionation factor alpha (sub kin) is known [2]. This requirement, however, is often very difficult to achieve. Even at the laboratory scale, published values for alpha (sub kin) vary over a large range (0.9950-0.9985) [1, 3-4]. Most of these studies propose different Cr(VI) reduction mechanisms as being responsible for the wide range of alpha (sub kin) . Alternatively, varying reaction rates and/or transport limitations have been suggested as the cause for the large range of alpha (sub kin) . To quantitatively assess the different possible contributions on alpha (sub kin) two series of reactive transport model simulations were performed using the code Toughreact [5]. The proposed reaction network is based on a novel multi-continuum approach and the specification of a (super 53) Cr(OH) (sub 3(s)) - (super 52) Cr(OH) (sub 3(s)) solid solution forming the product of Cr(VI) reduction. In doing so, Cr(VI) reduction was considered to occur at solid surfaces and Cr isotope fractionation was modeled by defining an equilibrium fractionation factor only. Simulating Cr(VI) reduction occurring along a 1D flow path suggested that for a given reaction mechanism alpha (sub kin) can vary over a large range. According to our simulations, the lower range of alpha (sub kin) (=larger fractionation) is defined by a reaction mechanism's theoretical equilibrium fractionation factor. In contrast, high reduction rates and/or transport limitations induced by Cr(VI) transport to reactive surfaces can shift alpha (sub kin) to values close to 1 (=no fractionation). In the second series of model simulations our modeling approach was used to propose an alternative kinetic interpretation for the low alpha (sub kin) observed in the Cr(VI) reduction experiment performed by Dossing et al. Our generic model simulations suggest that the individual contributions of reaction rates, transport limitations and reaction mechanisms should be addressed more carefully when interpreting experimentally determined kinetic Cr isotope fractionation factors and Cr isotope data derived from field sites. Reactive transport models that can treat isotopic fractionation caused by homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions coupled to transport form a unique tool for quantitative assessment of these individual contributions and for providing constraints on the field scale Cr(VI) reduction efficiency. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Wanner, Christoph AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2521 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - isotope fractionation KW - experimental studies KW - isotopes KW - Cr-54 KW - Cr-53 KW - Cr-52 KW - stable isotopes KW - Cr-50 KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - metals KW - reactive transport KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - chromium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477832460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+control+on+the+kinetic+Cr+isotope+fractionation+factor%3B+a+reactive+transport+modeling+approach&rft.au=Wanner%2C+Christoph%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wanner&rft.aufirst=Christoph&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/files/Goldschmidt2012_Conference_Abstracts_W.pdf http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chromium; Cr-50; Cr-52; Cr-53; Cr-54; experimental studies; isotope fractionation; isotopes; kinetics; laboratory studies; metals; pH; reactive transport; stable isotopes; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field information links permafrost carbon to physical vulnerabilities of thawing AN - 1473590380; 2013-003566 AB - Deep soil profiles containing permafrost (Gelisols) were characterized for organic carbon (C) and total nitrogen (N) stocks to 3 m depths. Using the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4) we calculate cumulative distributions of active layer thickness (ALT) under current and future climates. The difference in cumulative ALT distributions over time was multiplied by C and N contents of soil horizons in Gelisol suborders to calculate newly thawed C and N. Thawing ranged from 147 PgC with 10 PgN by 2050 (representative concentration pathway RCP scenario 4.5) to 436 PgC with 29 PgN by 2100 (RCP 8.5). Organic horizons that thaw are vulnerable to combustion, and all horizon types are vulnerable to shifts in hydrology and decomposition. The rates and extent of such losses are unknown and can be further constrained by linking field and modelling approaches. These changes have the potential for strong additional loading to our atmosphere, water resources, and ecosystems. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Harden, Jennifer W AU - Koven, Charles D AU - Ping, Chien-Lu AU - Hugelius, Gustaf AU - McGuire, A David AU - Camill, Phillip AU - Jorgenson, Torre AU - Kuhry, Peter AU - Michaelson, Gary J AU - O'Donnell, Jonathan A AU - Schuur, Edward A G AU - Tarnocai, Charles AU - Johnson, Kristopher AU - Grosse, Guido Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Citation L15704 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 15 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - soils KW - permafrost KW - methane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - global change KW - alkanes KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - Gelisols KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1473590380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Field+information+links+permafrost+carbon+to+physical+vulnerabilities+of+thawing&rft.au=Harden%2C+Jennifer+W%3BKoven%2C+Charles+D%3BPing%2C+Chien-Lu%3BHugelius%2C+Gustaf%3BMcGuire%2C+A+David%3BCamill%2C+Phillip%3BJorgenson%2C+Torre%3BKuhry%2C+Peter%3BMichaelson%2C+Gary+J%3BO%27Donnell%2C+Jonathan+A%3BSchuur%2C+Edward+A+G%3BTarnocai%2C+Charles%3BJohnson%2C+Kristopher%3BGrosse%2C+Guido&rft.aulast=Harden&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2012GL051958 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-02 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon; carbon dioxide; chemical composition; climate change; Gelisols; global change; global warming; hydrocarbons; methane; nitrogen; organic compounds; permafrost; soils; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012GL051958 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brine film thicknesses in reservoir pores during geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1442374017; 2013-080829 AB - When supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO (sub 2) ) is injected into deep reservoirs, much of the affected pore space contains both water and scCO (sub 2) , with water remaining as the mineral-wetting phase. The presence of water films is important in transport and in mediate reactions at mineral surfaces, yet little is know about how film thicknesses depend on reservoir conditions. Thicknesses of water films were estimated based on considerations of capillary pressure needed for CO (sub 2) entry, and disjoining pressures in films resulting from van der Waals and electric double layer interactions. Depth dependent CO (sub 2) and water proper ties were used to estimate Hamaker constants for water films on silica and smectite, under CO (sub 2) confinement. Dispersion interactions were combined with solutions to the electric double layer film thickness-pressure relation in a DLVO analysis, with CO (sub 2) as the confining fluid. Under conditions of elevated pressure, temperature, and salinity commonly associated with CO (sub 2) sequestration, adsorbed water films in reservoir rock surfaces are predicted to typically be thinner than 10 nm. Decreased surface charge of silica under acidic pH of CO (sub 2) -equilibrated water and elevated salinity are predicted to greatly compress the electric double layer, such that the dispersion contribution to film thickness is dominant. Relative to silica, smectite surfaces are predicted to support thicker water films under CO (sub 2) confinement because of greater electrostatic and dispersion stabilization. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1250 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 34 KW - silicates KW - carbon sequestration KW - injection KW - smectite KW - salinity KW - porosity KW - reservoir rocks KW - clay minerals KW - carbon dioxide KW - chemical reactions KW - silica KW - brines KW - sheet silicates KW - geochemistry KW - pore water KW - pH KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1442374017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Brine+film+thicknesses+in+reservoir+pores+during+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; clay minerals; geochemistry; injection; pH; pore water; porosity; reservoir rocks; salinity; sheet silicates; silica; silicates; smectite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dewetting of silica occurred after reaction with supercritical CO (sub 2) AN - 1442373534; 2013-080832 AB - Wettability of reservoir minerals and rocks is a critical factor controlling CO (sub 2) mobility, residual trapping and safe-storage in geologic carbon sequestration, and currently is the factor imparting the greatest uncertainty in predicting capillary behavior in porous media. Very little information on wettability in supercritical CO (sub 2) (scCO (sub 2) )-mineral-brine systems is available. We identified the process of dewetting of silica surfaces upon reaction with scCO (sub 2) (water film thinning, water droplet formation, and contact angle increase) at pore scale (micromodel method); and quantified contact angle changes as function of pressure and ionic strength (sessile drop method). These results indicate that the wetting behavior of scCO (sub 2) is complex, and may have important impacts on scCO (sub 2) relative permeability and residual trapping. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Kim, Yongman AU - Jung, Jongwon AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1253 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 34 KW - carbon sequestration KW - chemical reactions KW - capillary pressure KW - silica KW - brines KW - wettability KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1442373534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Dewetting+of+silica+occurred+after+reaction+with+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Wan%2C+Jiamin%3BKim%2C+Yongman%3BJung%2C+Jongwon%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=Jiamin&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; capillary pressure; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; geochemistry; mineral surface; reservoir rocks; silica; wettability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complex conductivity imaging for the characterization of contaminated aquifers and microbial processes associated with degradation of contaminants AN - 1442373062; 2013-079079 JF - Schriftenreihe der Deutschen Gesellschaft fuer Geowissenschaften AU - Orozco, Adrian Flores AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Dietrich, Peter AU - Leven, Carsten AU - Kemna, Andreas Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 243 PB - Schweizerbart, Stuttgart VL - 80 SN - 1860-1782, 1860-1782 KW - polarization KW - electrical conductivity KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - uranium KW - water pollution KW - actinides KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1442373062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Schriftenreihe+der+Deutschen+Gesellschaft+fuer+Geowissenschaften&rft.atitle=Complex+conductivity+imaging+for+the+characterization+of+contaminated+aquifers+and+microbial+processes+associated+with+degradation+of+contaminants&rft.au=Orozco%2C+Adrian+Flores%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BDietrich%2C+Peter%3BLeven%2C+Carsten%3BKemna%2C+Andreas&rft.aulast=Orozco&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=9783510492282&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Schriftenreihe+der+Deutschen+Gesellschaft+fuer+Geowissenschaften&rft.issn=18601782&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - GeoHannover 2012; GeoRohstoffe fuer das 21. Jahrhundert N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; bioremediation; BTEX; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; geophysical methods; ground water; hydrocarbons; iron; metals; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; polarization; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sulfates; uranium; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controls of bathymetric relief on hydrothermal fluid flow at mid-ocean ridges AN - 1434007711; 2013-072427 AB - We present quantitative modeling results for the effects of surface relief on hydrothermal convection at ocean-spreading centers investigating how vent site locations and subsurface flow patterns are affected by bathymetry induced sub-seafloor pressure variations. The model is based on a 2-D FEM solver for fluid flow in porous media and is used to simulate hydrothermal convection systematically in 375 synthetic studies. The results of these studies show that bathymetric relief has a profound effect on hydrothermal flow: bathymetric highs induce subsurface pressure variations that can deviate upwelling zones and favor venting at structural highs. The deviation angle from vertical upwelling can be expressed by a single linear dependence relating deviation angle to bathymetric slope and depth of the heat source. These findings are confirmed in two case studies for the East Pacific Rise at 9 degrees 30'N and Lucky Strike hydrothermal fields. In both cases, it is possible to predict the observed vent field locations only if bathymetry is taken into account. Our results thereby show that bathymetric relief should be considered in simulations of submarine hydrothermal systems and plays a key role especially in focusing venting of across axis hydrothermal flow onto the ridge axis of fast spreading ridges. JF - Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems - G3 AU - Bani-Hassan, Nasser AU - Iyer, Karthik AU - Ruepke, Lars H AU - Borgia, Andrea Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Q05002 PB - American Geophysical Union and The Geochemical Society VL - 13 IS - 5 KW - East Pacific KW - numerical models KW - hydrothermal vents KW - data processing KW - fluid phase KW - convection KW - two-dimensional models KW - finite element analysis KW - Mid-Atlantic Ridge KW - bottom features KW - Pacific Ocean KW - digital simulation KW - sea-floor spreading KW - Lucky Strike hydrothermal field KW - bathymetry KW - ocean floors KW - North Atlantic KW - East Pacific Rise KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - mid-ocean ridges KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434007711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemistry%2C+Geophysics%2C+Geosystems+-+G3&rft.atitle=Controls+of+bathymetric+relief+on+hydrothermal+fluid+flow+at+mid-ocean+ridges&rft.au=Bani-Hassan%2C+Nasser%3BIyer%2C+Karthik%3BRuepke%2C+Lars+H%3BBorgia%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Bani-Hassan&rft.aufirst=Nasser&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemistry%2C+Geophysics%2C+Geosystems+-+G3&rft.issn=1525-2027&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2012GC004041 L2 - http://g-cubed.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom | Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; bathymetry; bottom features; convection; data processing; digital simulation; East Pacific; East Pacific Rise; finite element analysis; fluid phase; hydrothermal vents; Lucky Strike hydrothermal field; Mid-Atlantic Ridge; mid-ocean ridges; North Atlantic; numerical models; ocean floors; Pacific Ocean; sea-floor spreading; two-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012GC004041 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating the spatiotemporal distribution of geochemical parameters associated with biostimulation using spectral induced polarization data and hierarchical Bayesian models AN - 1434005629; 2013-071656 AB - We developed a hierarchical Bayesian model to estimate the spatiotemporal distribution of aqueous geochemical parameters associated with in-situ bioremediation using surface spectral induced polarization (SIP) data and borehole geochemical measurements collected during a bioremediation experiment at a uranium-contaminated site near Rifle, Colorado (USA). The SIP data were first inverted for Cole-Cole parameters, including chargeability, time constant, resistivity at the DC frequency, and dependence factor, at each pixel of two-dimensional grids using a previously developed stochastic method. Correlations between the inverted Cole-Cole parameters and the wellbore-based groundwater chemistry measurements indicative of key metabolic processes within the aquifer (e.g., ferrous iron, sulfate, uranium) were established and used as a basis for petrophysical model development. The developed Bayesian model consists of three levels of statistical submodels: (1) data model, providing links between geochemical and geophysical attributes, (2) process model, describing the spatial and temporal variability of geochemical properties in the subsurface system, and (3) parameter model, describing prior distributions of various parameters and initial conditions. The unknown parameters were estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. By combining the temporally distributed geochemical data with the spatially distributed geophysical data, we obtained the spatiotemporal distribution of ferrous iron, sulfate, and sulfide, and their associated uncertainty information. The obtained results can be used to assess the efficacy of the bioremediation treatment over space and time and to constrain reactive transport models. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Flores Orozco, Adrian AU - Kemna, Andreas Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Citation W05555 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - Bayesian analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - Rifle Colorado KW - direct-current methods KW - induced polarization KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - metabolism KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - resistivity KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - Cole-Cole parameters KW - aquifers KW - boreholes KW - metals KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - actinides KW - Markov chain analysis KW - microorganisms KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434005629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+spatiotemporal+distribution+of+geochemical+parameters+associated+with+biostimulation+using+spectral+induced+polarization+data+and+hierarchical+Bayesian+models&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BFlores+Orozco%2C+Adrian%3BKemna%2C+Andreas&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011WR010992 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; Bayesian analysis; bioremediation; boreholes; Cole-Cole parameters; Colorado; direct-current methods; electrical methods; Garfield County Colorado; geochemistry; geophysical methods; ground water; hydrochemistry; induced polarization; Markov chain analysis; metabolism; metals; microorganisms; Monte Carlo analysis; pollution; remediation; resistivity; Rifle Colorado; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; United States; uranium; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR010992 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rate-limited U(VI) desorption during a small-scale tracer test in a heterogeneous uranium-contaminated aquifer AN - 1434005612; 2013-071638 AB - A tracer test was performed at the Rifle Integrated Field Research Challenge site to assess the effect of addition of bicarbonate on U(VI) desorption from contaminated sediments in the aquifer and to compare equilibrium and rate-limited reactive transport model descriptions of mass transfer limitations on desorption. The tracer test consisted of injection of a 37 mM NaHCO (sub 3) solution containing conservative tracers followed by down-gradient sampling of groundwater at various elevations and distances from the point of injection. Breakthrough curves show that dissolved U(VI) concentrations increased 1.2-2.6-fold above background levels, resulting from increases in bicarbonate alkalinity (from injectate solution) and Ca concentrations (from cation exchange). In general, more U(VI) was mobilized in shallower zones of the aquifer, where finer-grained sediments and higher solid phase U content were found compared to deeper zones. An equilibrium-based reactive transport model incorporating a laboratory-based surface complexation model derived from the same location predicted the general trends in dissolved U(VI) during the tracer test but greatly overpredicted the concentrations of U(VI), indicating that the system was not at equilibrium. Inclusion of a multirate mass transfer model successfully simulated the nonequilibrium desorption behavior of U(VI). Local sediment properties such as sediment texture (weight percent <2 mm), surface area, cation exchange capacity, and adsorbed U(VI) were heterogeneous at the meter scale, and it was important to incorporate these values into model parameters in order to produce accurate simulations. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Fox, Patricia M AU - Davis, James A AU - Hay, Michael B AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Campbell, Kate M AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Long, Philip E Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Citation W05512 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - desorption KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - complexing KW - Rifle Site KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Rifle Colorado KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - metals KW - tracers KW - reactive transport KW - testing KW - valency KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - water pollution KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434005612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Rate-limited+U%28VI%29+desorption+during+a+small-scale+tracer+test+in+a+heterogeneous+uranium-contaminated+aquifer&rft.au=Fox%2C+Patricia+M%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BHay%2C+Michael+B%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BCampbell%2C+Kate+M%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BLong%2C+Philip+E&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011WR011472 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; Colorado; complexing; desorption; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; isotopes; metals; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reactive transport; Rifle Colorado; Rifle Site; solute transport; testing; tracers; transport; United States; uranium; valency; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011472 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular dynamics simulations of the three-layer hydrate in smectites; a sensitivity analysis AN - 1351598290; 2013-041087 JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Holmboe, Michael AU - Bourg, Ian C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1859 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - silicates KW - bentonite KW - smectite KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - clay minerals KW - hydration KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water content KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - clastic rocks KW - montmorillonite KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1351598290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Molecular+dynamics+simulations+of+the+three-layer+hydrate+in+smectites%3B+a+sensitivity+analysis&rft.au=Holmboe%2C+Michael%3BBourg%2C+Ian+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Holmboe&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1794.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bentonite; clastic rocks; clay minerals; crystal chemistry; hydration; montmorillonite; radioactive waste; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; temperature; thermodynamic properties; waste disposal; water content ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetic isotope fractionation of ionic species in D (sub 2) O and methanol AN - 1351598092; 2013-041076 AB - Certain kinetic processes, such as the self-diffusion and desolvation of ions in aqueous solution, have been shown via experiments (super 1,2) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations (super 2,3,4) to fractionate Li (super +) , K (super +) , and Ca (super 2+) isotopes. Both the self-diffusivities and desolvation rates of these isotopes in pure water follow an inverse power-law dependence on isotopic mass. In other words, lighter isotopes diffuse faster and exchange water molecules between their first hydration shell and the bulk liquid more quickly than heavier isotopes of the same species. In order to better elucidate the mechanism(s) responsible for kinetic fractionations associated with these processes, we performed MD simulations of ions in D (sub 2) O and diffusion experiments of ions in methanol comparable to previous experiments and simulations of the same ionic species in pure H (sub 2) O. MD simulations involved one cation and 550 D (sub 2) O molecules in a periodically replicated cell at 298 K. Heavy water was modeled by altering the mass of SPC/E water but leaving all other model parameters unchanged. Simulation results indicate that both self-diffusion and desolvation of Li (super +) and K (super +) in D (sub 2) O produce larger isotopic fractionations compared to those determined for the same species in pure H (sub 2) O. For Ca (super 2+) , ion desolvation rates in D (sub 2) O had no isotopic mass dependence, whereas data obtained in H (sub 2) O showed (super 44/40) Ca kinetic fractionations of order 3 ppm (super 4,5) . Kinetic isotope fractionations associated with self-diffusion of Ca (super 2+) isotopes in D (sub 2) O are ambiguous at best due to the magnitude of the errors: simulation results predict diffusive fractionations between (super 44) Ca and (super 40) Ca of ca. 0.8 + or - 5 ppm; by comparison, (super 44/40) Ca kinetic isotope fractionation by diffusion in H (sub 2) O is 0.43 + or - 0.05 ppm (super 2) . Experimental corroboration of our D (sub 2) O simulation results is forthcoming. Preliminary experimental results indicate that diffusion of K (super +) in methanol produces larger isotopic fractionations than diffusion in pure H (sub 2) O. We are currently testing appropriate force field models for MD simulations of Li (super +) , K (super +) , and Ca (super 2+) in methanol. Together, these observations reveal how properties of the solvent (and, hence, kinetic processes that chemically couple the solute to the solvent) may play a critical role in the isotopic fractionation of cations in solution. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Hofmann, Amy E AU - Bourg, Ian C AU - Christensen, John N AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1854 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - calcium KW - isotope fractionation KW - alkaline earth metals KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - aqueous solutions KW - ions KW - stable isotopes KW - methanol KW - organic compounds KW - Ca-44/Ca-40 KW - metals KW - alcohols KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1351598092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=The+Interpreter&rft.au=Srivastava%2C+Ranjana%2C+FRACP&rft.aulast=Srivastava&rft.aufirst=Ranjana&rft.date=2017-03-02&rft.volume=376&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=812&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.issn=00284793&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1794.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; alkaline earth metals; aqueous solutions; Ca-44/Ca-40; calcium; geochemistry; ions; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; metals; methanol; organic compounds; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glycoside Hydrolases from a targeted Compost Metagenome, activity-screening and functional characterization AN - 1328511837; 17391142 AB - Background: Metagenomics approaches provide access to environmental genetic diversity for biotechnology applications, enabling the discovery of new enzymes and pathways for numerous catalytic processes. Discovery of new glycoside hydrolases with improved biocatalytic properties for the efficient conversion of lignocellulosic material to biofuels is a critical challenge in the development of economically viable routes from biomass to fuels and chemicals. Results: Twenty-two putative ORFs (open reading frames) were identified from a switchgrass-adapted compost community based on sequence homology to related gene families. These ORFs were expressed in E. coli and assayed for predicted activities. Seven of the ORFs were demonstrated to encode active enzymes, encompassing five classes of hemicellulases. Four enzymes were over expressed in vivo, purified to homogeneity and subjected to detailed biochemical characterization. Their pH optima ranged between 5.5 - 7.5 and they exhibit moderate thermostability up to ~60-70 degree C. Conclusions: Seven active enzymes were identified from this set of ORFs comprising five different hemicellulose activities. These enzymes have been shown to have useful properties, such as moderate thermal stability and broad pH optima, and may serve as the starting points for future protein engineering towards the goal of developing efficient enzyme cocktails for biomass degradation under diverse process conditions. JF - BMC Biotechnology AU - Dougherty, Michael J AU - D'haeseleer, Patrik AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Hadi, Masood Z AD - The Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 38 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1472-6750, 1472-6750 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Protein engineering KW - Composts KW - Fuels KW - Enzymes KW - Genetic diversity KW - Gene families KW - Biomass KW - hemicellulose KW - Homology KW - Escherichia coli KW - glycoside hydrolase KW - Thermal stability KW - pH effects KW - Open reading frames KW - Biofuels KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328511837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Glycoside+Hydrolases+from+a+targeted+Compost+Metagenome%2C+activity-screening+and+functional+characterization&rft.au=Dougherty%2C+Michael+J%3BD%27haeseleer%2C+Patrik%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D%3BHadi%2C+Masood+Z&rft.aulast=Dougherty&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Biotechnology&rft.issn=14726750&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1472-6750-12-38 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/12/38 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Composts; Protein engineering; Fuels; Genetic diversity; Enzymes; Biomass; Gene families; hemicellulose; Homology; glycoside hydrolase; Thermal stability; pH effects; Biofuels; Open reading frames; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6750-12-38 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stress-strain response of hydrate-bearing sands; numerical study using discrete element method simulations AN - 1328502460; 2013-033219 AB - Gas hydrate is a crystalline solid found within marine and subpermafrost sediments. While the presence of hydrates can have a profound effect on sediment properties, the stress-strain behavior of hydrate-bearing sediments is poorly understood due to inherent limitations in laboratory testing. In this study, we use numerical simulations to improve our understanding of the mechanical behavior of hydrate-bearing sands. The hydrate mass is simulated as either small randomly distributed bonded grains or as "ripened hydrate" forming patchy saturation, whereby sediment clusters with 100% pore-filled hydrate saturation are distributed within a hydrate-free sediment. Simulation results reveal that reduced sand porosity and higher hydrate saturation cause an increase in stiffness, strength, and dilative tendency, and the critical state line shifts toward higher void ratio and higher shear strength. In particular, the critical state friction angle increases in sands with patchy saturation, while the apparent cohesion is affected the most when the hydrate mass is distributed in pores. Sediments with patchy hydrate distribution exhibit a slightly lower strength than sediments with randomly distributed hydrate. Finally, hydrate dissociation under drained conditions leads to volume contraction and/or stress relaxation, and pronounced shear strains can develop if the hydrate-bearing sand is subjected to deviatoric loading during dissociation. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Jung, Jong-Won AU - Santamarina, J Carlos AU - Soga, K Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Citation B04202 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 117 IS - B4 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - soil mechanics KW - sand KW - discrete element analysis KW - permafrost KW - numerical models KW - gas hydrates KW - strain KW - clastic sediments KW - stress KW - sediments KW - mechanical properties KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Stress-strain+response+of+hydrate-bearing+sands%3B+numerical+study+using+discrete+element+method+simulations&rft.au=Jung%2C+Jong-Won%3BSantamarina%2C+J+Carlos%3BSoga%2C+K&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Jong-Won&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=B4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011JB009040 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; discrete element analysis; gas hydrates; mechanical properties; numerical models; permafrost; sand; sediments; soil mechanics; strain; stress DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JB009040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of the causes of luminescence in Terlingua-type (TT) calcite; a case for rare earth activation coupled with electronic defects AN - 1320158893; 2013-027451 JF - Journal of the Fluorescent Mineral Society AU - Waychunas, Glenn A Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 5 EP - 14 PB - Fluorescent Mineral Society, Pacoima, CA VL - 32 SN - 0160-0958, 0160-0958 KW - United States KW - optical spectra KW - Coahuila Mexico KW - stability KW - Boquillas Del Carmen Mexico KW - thermoluminescence KW - temperature KW - emission spectra KW - electromagnetic radiation KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - Brewster County Texas KW - radiation damage KW - Texas KW - defects KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - calcite KW - wavelength KW - Terlingua Texas KW - luminescence KW - Mexico KW - color KW - metals KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1320158893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Fluorescent+Mineral+Society&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+the+causes+of+luminescence+in+Terlingua-type+%28TT%29+calcite%3B+a+case+for+rare+earth+activation+coupled+with+electronic+defects&rft.au=Waychunas%2C+Glenn+A&rft.aulast=Waychunas&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Fluorescent+Mineral+Society&rft.issn=01600958&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-03-28 N1 - CODEN - JFMSBD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Boquillas Del Carmen Mexico; Brewster County Texas; calcite; carbonates; Coahuila Mexico; color; defects; electromagnetic radiation; emission spectra; luminescence; metals; Mexico; optical spectra; radiation damage; rare earths; spectra; stability; temperature; Terlingua Texas; Texas; thermoluminescence; ultraviolet radiation; United States; wavelength ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomineralization in corals and the hunt for new tracers of the past ocean AN - 1320156411; 2013-028267 AB - Geochemical records from biogenic carbonates are a mainstay of our understanding of past climates. Isotopic and elemental abundances are often correlated with aspects of the modern water column to 'calibrate' a tracer. Even in light of large offsets from chemical equilibrium, this approach has served the field very well. Emiliani demonstrated that there were dozens (not four) major glaciations in the past few million years. Yet the delta (super 18) O tracer he used is still debated today for what part of its signal is climate and what part is 'vital effect'. In light of both these successes and challenges, it is our hope to show how the study of disequilibrium effects can lead to better paleo tracers. We have been using deep-sea corals as a natural laboratory for studying these vital effects because they grow in modern seawater with relatively constant conditions. Our approach has been to first demonstrate that corals use seawater as the basis for their calcifying fluid which is then modified by specific biological processes before deposition in the skeleton. This direction was first outlined by McConnaughey over 20 years ago and while the details of his models have been challenged his basic approach is still important today. We will review work on the stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, U/Ca, and several other tracers in an attempt to build a better understanding of how corals calcify and how this affects the record of past climate. Using a Rayleigh model of Me/Ca uptake into the skeletons we propose a new thermometer based on the trend of data from a single individual in Mg/Ca versus Sr/Ca space. In general, the use of simple models, while ignoring important concepts like organic membrane mediation of tracer incorporation, can both guide the development of new tracers and inform the variance already found for more established proxies. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Adkins, Jess F AU - Gagnon, Alex AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1405 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - calcium KW - biomineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - paleo-oceanography KW - O-18/O-16 KW - paleoclimatology KW - stable isotopes KW - Mg/Ca KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - tracers KW - Anthozoa KW - Invertebrata KW - Cnidaria KW - chemical composition KW - carbonates KW - 10:Invertebrate paleontology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1320156411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Anti-Interleukin-31+Receptor+A+Antibody+for+Atopic+Dermatitis&rft.au=Ruzicka%2C+Thomas%2C+MD%3BHanifin%2C+Jon+M%2C+MD%3BFurue%2C+Masutaka%2C+MD%2C+PhD%3BPulka%2C+Grazyna%2C+MD%3BMlynarczyk%2C+Izabela%2C+MD%3BWollenberg%2C+Andreas%2C+MD%3BGalus%2C+Ryszard%2C+MD%2C+PhD%3BEtoh%2C+Takafumi%2C+MD%3BMihara%2C+Ryosuke%2C+MS%3BYoshida%2C+Hiroki%2C+MS%3BStewart%2C+Jonathan%2C+MB%2C+ChB%3BKabashima%2C+Kenji%2C+MD%2C+PhD&rft.aulast=Ruzicka&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2017-03-02&rft.volume=376&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=826&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.issn=00284793&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1401.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; Anthozoa; biogenic processes; biomineralization; calcium; carbonates; chemical composition; Cnidaria; Invertebrata; isotope ratios; isotopes; magnesium; metals; Mg/Ca; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleo-oceanography; paleoclimatology; stable isotopes; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stability and transformations of monomeric U(IV) species at the Rifle, Colorado IFRC field site AN - 1320154351; 2013-028283 AB - Strategies for the in situ immobilization of uranium aim to reduce oxidized and mobile U(VI) to relatively insoluble U(IV), a process long thought to result in the precipitation of the U(IV) mineral uraninite [UO (sub 2(s)) ]. However, recent research indicates that non-crystalline products named monomeric U(IV) may form during the in situ reduction of U(VI) (super 1,2) . These products may form via uranium reduction by microbes, by Fe(II) minerals of biogenic origin (super 3) , and in biostimulated natural sediments (super 4) . Monomeric U(IV) has garnered recent study because it is likely to be more susceptible to reoxidation and remobilization in the environment than uraninite. To test its stability and possible transformations, two types of materials containing monomeric U(IV) were fixed in agarose gel pucks: (1) monomeric U(IV) produced via U(VI) reduction by Shewanella sp. CO-9, and (2) monomeric U(IV) produced by the reduction of U(VI) by phosphate-treated nanoparticulate magnetite of biogenic origin. These gel pucks were deployed in two groundwater wells at the Rifle, Colorado IFRC site for recovery after 1, 2, and 3 months. Digestions of the gels reveal that uranium is lost more rapidly from gels containing monomeric U(IV) than those containing biogenic uraninite. The monomeric U(IV) associated with biomass is more stable than that associated with magnetite. Uranium L (sub III) -edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data point to a relative enrichment of uraninite in the gels as monomeric U(IV) species are selectively removed by the groundwater over time. Our results provide the first direct evidence of the in situ instability of monomeric U(IV) species relative to uraninite. Thus, the identification and quantification of these species at field remediation sites is likely to be critical in devising accurate uranium transport and fate models. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Alessi, Daniel S AU - Stylo, Malgorzata AU - Lezama-Pacheco, Juan S AU - Stubbs, Joanne E AU - Dunham-Cheatham, Sarrah M AU - Janot, Noemie AU - Bargar, John R AU - Campbell, Kate M AU - Long, Philip E AU - Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1413 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - mine waste KW - in situ KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - oxidation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - Rifle Colorado KW - mitigation KW - biogenic processes KW - oxides KW - Colorado KW - chemical composition KW - uraninite KW - tailings KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1320154351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Stability+and+transformations+of+monomeric+U%28IV%29+species+at+the+Rifle%2C+Colorado+IFRC+field+site&rft.au=Alessi%2C+Daniel+S%3BStylo%2C+Malgorzata%3BLezama-Pacheco%2C+Juan+S%3BStubbs%2C+Joanne+E%3BDunham-Cheatham%2C+Sarrah+M%3BJanot%2C+Noemie%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BCampbell%2C+Kate+M%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BBernier-Latmani%2C+Rizlan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Alessi&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1401.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogenic processes; chemical composition; Colorado; environmental analysis; environmental management; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; in situ; mine waste; mitigation; oxidation; oxides; remediation; Rifle Colorado; tailings; United States; uraninite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of miscellaneous and electronic device energy use in hospitals AN - 1318693440; 17760528 AB - Miscellaneous and electronic loads (MELs) consume about one-third of the primary energy used in US buildings, and their energy use is increasing faster than other end-uses. In healthcare facilities, 30% of the annual electricity was used by MELs in 2008. This paper presents methods and challenges for estimating medical MELs energy consumption along with estimates of energy use in a hospital by combining device-level metered data with inventories and usage information. An important finding is that common, small devices consume large amounts of energy in aggregate and should not be ignored when trying to address hospital energy use. JF - World Review of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development AU - Black, Douglas R AU - Lanzisera, Steven M AU - Lai, Judy AU - Brown, Richard E AU - Singer, Brett C AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 113 EP - 128 PB - Inderscience Publishers Ltd., PO Box 735 Olney Bucks MK46 5WB United Kingdom VL - 10 IS - 1-2-3 SN - 1741-2242, 1741-2242 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT KW - MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS KW - Environment and Sustainable Development KW - Operational Management and Marketing KW - Policy and Organisational Management KW - Health care KW - Reviews KW - Sustainable development KW - Energy consumption KW - Buildings KW - Hospitals KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - H 13000:Medical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1318693440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Review+of+Science%2C+Technology+and+Sustainable+Development&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+miscellaneous+and+electronic+device+energy+use+in+hospitals&rft.au=Black%2C+Douglas+R%3BLanzisera%2C+Steven+M%3BLai%2C+Judy%3BBrown%2C+Richard+E%3BSinger%2C+Brett+C&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1-2-3&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+Review+of+Science%2C+Technology+and+Sustainable+Development&rft.issn=17412242&rft_id=info:doi/10.1504%2FWRSTSD.2013.050791 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Health care; Reviews; Sustainable development; Energy consumption; Buildings; Hospitals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/WRSTSD.2013.050791 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring the speciation of iron in hydrothermal plume particles AN - 1287405271; 664706-11 AB - The global mid-ocean ridge (MOR) system is a 60,000 km submarine volcanic mountain range that crosses all of the major ocean basins on Earth. Along the MOR, sub-seafloor circulation of seawater exchanges heat and elements between the ocean crust and seawater. The amount of iron (Fe) released by hydrothermal venting to the ocean per year is similar in magnitude to that of global riverine runoff. Until recently, measurement and modeling activities to understand the contribution of hydrothermal Fe to the ocean budget have been largely neglected. The goal of the present research is to identify and quantify the forms of Fe present in hydrothermal plume particles to better understand the bioavailability, geochemical reactivity, and transport properties of hydrothermal Fe in the ocean. Direct Fe speciation data in hydrothermal plume precipitates has been reported only twice. This lack of data reflects how difficult it has been to obtain high quality samples and measure Fe speciation in the complex physical-chemical mixtures that compose hydrothermal plume particulates. These challenges have slowed our understanding of hydrothermal Fe speciation and transport, as well as the potential contribution of hydrothermal Fe to the global ocean budget. On-going sediment trap deployments and new in situ filtration equipment are making it easier to obtain great samples. Improved synchrotron-radiation X-ray microprobe instruments and data analysis tools are making measurements of Fe speciation accessible and hold promise for quantitative research applications. In this contribution, the application of synchrotron-radiation X-ray microprobe to the mapping and quantification of Fe valence states and species will be discussed for hydrothermal plume particles collected by sediment trap and in situ filtration at the East Pacific Rise 9-10 N. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Toner, Brandy M AU - Breier, John A, Jr AU - Edwards, Katrina J AU - Fakra, Sirine C AU - German, Christopher R AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - Rouxel, Olivier J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2462 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - plumes KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - biochemistry KW - hydrothermal vents KW - bioavailability KW - ocean floors KW - iron KW - mid-ocean ridges KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1287405271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Measuring+the+speciation+of+iron+in+hydrothermal+plume+particles&rft.au=Toner%2C+Brandy+M%3BBreier%2C+John+A%2C+Jr%3BEdwards%2C+Katrina+J%3BFakra%2C+Sirine+C%3BGerman%2C+Christopher+R%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BRouxel%2C+Olivier+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Toner&rft.aufirst=Brandy&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=836&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.issn=00284793&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2435.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioavailability; biochemistry; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; hydrothermal vents; iron; metals; mid-ocean ridges; ocean floors; plumes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface modifications of comet-exposed aerogel from the Stardust cometary collector AN - 1287376938; 2013-019730 AB - Keystones removed from the Stardust cometary collector show varying degrees of visible fluorescence when exposed to UV light, with the brightest fluorescence associated with the space-exposed surface. We investigated the spatial characteristics of this phenomenon further by using fluorescence microscopy, confocal Raman microscopy, and synchrotron Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectromicroscopy. Twenty-four keystones, extracted from the Stardust cometary collector, were analyzed. Fluorescence measurements show two distributions with different excitation characteristics, indicating the presence of at least two distinct fluorophores. The first distribution is confined to within about 10 mu m of the space-exposed surface, whereas the second distribution is much broader with a maximum that is typically about 30-50 mu m below the surface. Confocal Raman measurements did not reveal any changes associated with the surface; however, only features associated with aliphatic hydrocarbons were strong enough to be observed. FTIR measurements, on the other hand, show two distinct distributions at the space-exposed surface: (1) a narrow, surface-confined distribution originating from -O (sub 3) SiH groups and (2) a broader, sub-surface distribution originating from -O (sub 2) SiH (sub 2) groups. These functional groups were not observed in keystones extracted from the cometary flight spare or from the Stardust interstellar collector, indicating that they may result at least partially from cometary exposure. The presence of O (sub 3) SiH and O (sub 2) SiH (sub 2) groups at the comet-exposed surface suggests that the enhanced surface fluorescence is caused by defects in the O-Si-O network and not by organic contamination. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Bechtel, Hans A AU - Gainsforth, Zack AU - Ogliore, Ryan C AU - Bajt, Sasa AU - Westphal, Andrew J Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1336 EP - 1346 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 47 IS - 8 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - aerogels KW - Stardust Mission KW - infrared spectra KW - synchrotron radiation KW - FTIR spectra KW - confocal Raman microscopy KW - Raman spectra KW - comets KW - sampling KW - fluorescence microscopy KW - fluorescence KW - spectra KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1287376938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Surface+modifications+of+comet-exposed+aerogel+from+the+Stardust+cometary+collector&rft.au=Bechtel%2C+Hans+A%3BGainsforth%2C+Zack%3BOgliore%2C+Ryan+C%3BBajt%2C+Sasa%3BWestphal%2C+Andrew+J&rft.aulast=Bechtel&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1945-5100.2012.01399.x L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-14 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerogels; comets; confocal Raman microscopy; fluorescence; fluorescence microscopy; FTIR spectra; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; sampling; spectra; Stardust Mission; synchrotron radiation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01399.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New homogeneous standards by atomic layer deposition for synchrotron X-ray fluorescence and absorption spectroscopies AN - 1282821110; 2013-013194 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Butterworth, A L AU - Becker, N AU - Gainsforth, Z AU - Lanzirotti, A AU - Newville, Matthew AU - Proslier, T AU - Stodolna, Julien AU - Sutton, S R AU - Tyliszczak, T AU - Westphal, A J AU - Zasadzinski, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Abstract 2666 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 43 KW - methods KW - chemical analysis KW - X-ray fluorescence KW - Stardust Mission KW - cosmic dust KW - atomic layer deposition KW - standard materials KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - X-ray analysis KW - synchrotrons KW - spectroscopy KW - interstellar dust KW - particles KW - homogeneous materials KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1282821110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=New+homogeneous+standards+by+atomic+layer+deposition+for+synchrotron+X-ray+fluorescence+and+absorption+spectroscopies&rft.au=Butterworth%2C+A+L%3BBecker%2C+N%3BGainsforth%2C+Z%3BLanzirotti%2C+A%3BNewville%2C+Matthew%3BProslier%2C+T%3BStodolna%2C+Julien%3BSutton%2C+S+R%3BTyliszczak%2C+T%3BWestphal%2C+A+J%3BZasadzinski%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Butterworth&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2012/pdf/2666.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Forty-third lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 2, 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-05 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic layer deposition; chemical analysis; cosmic dust; homogeneous materials; interstellar dust; methods; particles; spectroscopy; standard materials; Stardust Mission; synchrotrons; X-ray analysis; X-ray fluorescence; X-ray spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finding of nitrogen-rich organic material in Antarctic ultracarbonaceous micrometeorite AN - 1282820917; 2013-013205 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Yabuta, H AU - Itoh, S AU - Noguchi, T AU - Sakamoto, N AU - Hashiguchi, M AU - Abe, K AU - Tsujimoto, S AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Okubo, A AU - Okazaki, R AU - Tachibana, S AU - Terada, K AU - Nakamura, T AU - Nagahara, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Abstract 2239 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 43 KW - carbonaceous composition KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - Dome Fuji Station KW - Queen Maud Land KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - XANES spectra KW - micrometeorites KW - meteorites KW - focused ion beam KW - organic compounds KW - comets KW - Antarctica KW - carbon KW - Wild 2 Comet KW - spectra KW - cometary dust KW - SEM data KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1282820917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Finding+of+nitrogen-rich+organic+material+in+Antarctic+ultracarbonaceous+micrometeorite&rft.au=Yabuta%2C+H%3BItoh%2C+S%3BNoguchi%2C+T%3BSakamoto%2C+N%3BHashiguchi%2C+M%3BAbe%2C+K%3BTsujimoto%2C+S%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BOkubo%2C+A%3BOkazaki%2C+R%3BTachibana%2C+S%3BTerada%2C+K%3BNakamura%2C+T%3BNagahara%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yabuta&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2012/pdf/2239.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Forty-third lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 2, 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-05 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctica; carbon; carbonaceous composition; cometary dust; comets; Dome Fuji Station; focused ion beam; ion probe data; isotopes; mass spectra; meteorites; micrometeorites; nitrogen; organic compounds; Queen Maud Land; SEM data; spectra; stable isotopes; TEM data; Wild 2 Comet; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advanced chemical analysis of cometary material and interstellar dust using a microcalorimeter and a low vacuum scanning electron microscope AN - 1282820596; 2013-013192 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Silver, E AU - Lin, T AU - Vicenzi, E AU - Toth, M AU - Westphal, A J AU - Beeman, J AU - Haller, E E AU - Burchell, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Abstract 2511 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 43 KW - electron beam-induced etching KW - high-resolution methods KW - chemical analysis KW - technology KW - aerogels KW - Stardust Mission KW - X-ray microcalorimeter spectroscopy KW - microcalorimetry KW - cometary particles KW - cosmic dust KW - comets KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - X-ray analysis KW - etching KW - spectroscopy KW - scanning electron microscopy KW - interstellar dust KW - cometary dust KW - instruments KW - environmental scanning electron microscopy KW - calorimetry KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1282820596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Advanced+chemical+analysis+of+cometary+material+and+interstellar+dust+using+a+microcalorimeter+and+a+low+vacuum+scanning+electron+microscope&rft.au=Silver%2C+E%3BLin%2C+T%3BVicenzi%2C+E%3BToth%2C+M%3BWestphal%2C+A+J%3BBeeman%2C+J%3BHaller%2C+E+E%3BBurchell%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Silver&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=376&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=868&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.issn=00284793&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2012/pdf/2511.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Forty-third lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 2, 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerogels; calorimetry; chemical analysis; cometary dust; cometary particles; comets; cosmic dust; electron beam-induced etching; environmental scanning electron microscopy; etching; high-resolution methods; instruments; interstellar dust; microcalorimetry; scanning electron microscopy; spectroscopy; Stardust Mission; technology; X-ray analysis; X-ray microcalorimeter spectroscopy; X-ray spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering of plants with improved properties as biofuels feedstocks by vessel-specific complementation of xylan biosynthesis mutants AN - 1272739391; 17574471 AB - Background: Cost-efficient generation of second-generation biofuels requires plant biomass that can easily be degraded into sugars and further fermented into fuels. However, lignocellulosic biomass is inherently recalcitrant toward deconstruction technologies due to the abundant lignin and cross-linked hemicelluloses. Furthermore, lignocellulosic biomass has a high content of pentoses, which are more difficult to ferment into fuels than hexoses. Engineered plants with decreased amounts of xylan in their secondary walls have the potential to render plant biomass a more desirable feedstock for biofuel production. Results: Xylan is the major non-cellulosic polysaccharide in secondary cell walls, and the xylan deficient irregular xylem (irx) mutants irx7, irx8 and irx9 exhibit severe dwarf growth phenotypes. The main reason for the growth phenotype appears to be xylem vessel collapse and the resulting impaired transport of water and nutrients. We developed a xylan-engineering approach to reintroduce xylan biosynthesis specifically into the xylem vessels in the Arabidopsis irx7, irx8 and irx9 mutant backgrounds by driving the expression of the respective glycosyltransferases with the vessel-specific promoters of the VND6 and VND7 transcription factor genes. The growth phenotype, stem breaking strength, and irx morphology was recovered to varying degrees. Some of the plants even exhibited increased stem strength compared to the wild type. We obtained Arabidopsis plants with up to 23% reduction in xylose levels and 18% reduction in lignin content compared to wild-type plants, while exhibiting wild-type growth patterns and morphology, as well as normal xylem vessels. These plants showed a 42% increase in saccharification yield after hot water pretreatment. The VND7 promoter yielded a more complete complementation of the irx phenotype than the VND6 promoter. Conclusions: Spatial and temporal deposition of xylan in the secondary cell wall of Arabidopsis can be manipulated by using the promoter regions of vessel-specific genes to express xylan biosynthetic genes. The expression of xylan specifically in the xylem vessels is sufficient to complement the irx phenotype of xylan deficient mutants, while maintaining low overall amounts of xylan and lignin in the cell wall. This engineering approach has the potential to yield bioenergy crop plants that are more easily deconstructed and fermented into biofuels. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Petersen, Pia Damm AU - Lau, Jane AU - Ebert, Berit AU - Yang, Fan AU - Verhertbruggen, Yves AU - Kim, Jin Sun AU - Varanasi, Patanjali AU - Suttangkakul, Anongpat AU - Auer, Manfred AU - Loque, Dominique AU - Scheller, Henrik Vibe AD - Feedstocks Division, Joint Bioenergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 84 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Xylan KW - Irregular xylem mutant KW - Secondary cell wall KW - VND6 KW - VND7 KW - Transcription factors KW - Biofuels KW - Pentoses KW - Saccharification KW - Lignin KW - Sugar KW - Xylose KW - Xylem KW - Fuels KW - Nutrients KW - Biomass KW - Crops KW - Deficient mutant KW - Glycosyltransferase KW - Growth patterns KW - hemicellulose KW - Promoters KW - Complementation KW - Hexose KW - Arabidopsis KW - Cell walls KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1272739391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Engineering+of+plants+with+improved+properties+as+biofuels+feedstocks+by+vessel-specific+complementation+of+xylan+biosynthesis+mutants&rft.au=Petersen%2C+Pia+Damm%3BLau%2C+Jane%3BEbert%2C+Berit%3BYang%2C+Fan%3BVerhertbruggen%2C+Yves%3BKim%2C+Jin+Sun%3BVaranasi%2C+Patanjali%3BSuttangkakul%2C+Anongpat%3BAuer%2C+Manfred%3BLoque%2C+Dominique%3BScheller%2C+Henrik+Vibe&rft.aulast=Petersen&rft.aufirst=Pia&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-5-84 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/5/1/84 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Xylose; Xylem; Fuels; Nutrients; Biomass; Crops; hemicellulose; Growth patterns; Glycosyltransferase; Deficient mutant; Promoters; Complementation; Hexose; Xylan; Transcription factors; Lignin; Biofuels; Cell walls; Arabidopsis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-5-84 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mass-independent sulfur isotopic fractionation in VUV photodissociation of H (sub 2) S; implications for meteorite data AN - 1270179194; 664658-7 AB - Mass-independent sulfur isotopic compositions have been observed in chondritic chondrules and organics and bulk achondritic meteorites. Sulfonic acid extracts from Murchison also displayed a significant 33S anomaly and it was suggested that methanesulfonic acid could have resulted from gas-phase ultraviolet irradiation of a precursor, carbon disulfide. Stellar nucleosynthesis and cosmic ray spallation have been ruled out as the cause of the observed Delta (super 33) S anomaly. Photochemical reactions in the early solar nebula was inferred to be a leading process to generate mass independent sulfur composition. UV photolysis of SO (sub 2) , H (sub 2) S and CS (sub 2) with > or = 180 nm photons have been carried out in the laboratory to understand the isotope effect in photolysis of sulfur bearing molecules. Here we present S-isotope data from VUV photodissociation (using Chemical Dynamics Beamline at the ALS synchrotron) of H (sub 2) S. H (sub 2) S photolysis was carried out at four different synchrotron bands centered at 90, 121.6, 139.1, and 157.6 nm at various pressures in a differentially pumped chamber. Elemental sulfur produced in all these experiments was collected and converted to SF (sub 6) to measure the isotope ratios (e.g., (super 33) S/ (super 32) S, (super 34) S/ (super 32) S, and (super 36) S/ (super 32) S). Among four different synchrotron bands used, 121.6 nm photolysis products show significant mass-independent fractionations both in Delta (super 33) S and Delta (super 36) S with a Delta (super 36) S/Delta (super 33) S ratio of -3 ppm. H (sub 2) S is one of the major sulfur-bearing species in the gas-phase of the solar nebula. Photodissociation of H (sub 2) S by Lyman-alpha (121 nm) lines from solar radiation could change the isotopic composition of this major sulfur reservoir. The observed meteoritic sulfur isotopic anomaly, especially those measured in organics may be due to the isotope shift of this precursor sulfur reservoir due to photochemistry. The complete results and a full discussion will be presented at the conference. MA and the ALS are supported by the Director, Office of Energy Res., U. S. Dept. of Energy (Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231). JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Chakraborty, Subrata AU - Davis, Ryan AU - Jackson, Teresa L AU - Ahmed, Musahid AU - Thiemen, M H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1558 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - sulfur dioxide KW - isotope fractionation KW - stony meteorites KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - photochemistry KW - stable isotopes KW - meteorites KW - S-34/S-32 KW - photolysis KW - chondrules KW - sulfur KW - chondrites KW - geochemistry KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270179194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Mass-independent+sulfur+isotopic+fractionation+in+VUV+photodissociation+of+H+%28sub+2%29+S%3B+implications+for+meteorite+data&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+Subrata%3BDavis%2C+Ryan%3BJackson%2C+Teresa+L%3BAhmed%2C+Musahid%3BThiemen%2C+M+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=Subrata&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1558&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1534.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chondrites; chondrules; geochemistry; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; meteorites; photochemistry; photolysis; S-34/S-32; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; sulfur; sulfur dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geologic Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste: Status, Key Issues, and Trends AN - 1268655563; 17495199 AB - The permanent disposal of high-level radioactive waste is one of the major technical hurdles that must be addressed if electrical power production by nuclear energy is to remain viable. The main challenge is that the waste must be effectively isolated from interactions with the biosphere for hundreds of thousands of years. A number of permanent disposal options have been proposed and reviewed by various countries and scientific organizations during the past few decades, and there appears to be a consensus today that mined geologic disposal is the most practical and effective method. Several variations on mined geologic disposal are being intensively studied by waste-producing countries. These investigations address a wide range of scientific questions, such as the behavior of geological and engineered barriers over time and the use of quantitative modeling and/or qualitative observational evidence to demonstrate the safety of disposal. The present review provides an overview of current approaches, scientific issues, and safety assessments related to mined geologic repositories for high-level radioactive waste. JF - Annual Review of Environment and Resources AU - Birkholzer, J AU - Houseworth, J AU - Tsang, C-F AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, JTBirkholzer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 79 EP - 106 VL - 37 SN - 1543-5938, 1543-5938 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Electric power KW - Reviews KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Geology KW - Nuclear energy KW - Biosphere KW - Waste disposal KW - Hazardous wastes KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1268655563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.atitle=Geologic+Disposal+of+High-Level+Radioactive+Waste%3A+Status%2C+Key+Issues%2C+and+Trends&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+J%3BHouseworth%2C+J%3BTsang%2C+C-F&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=376&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=876&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.issn=00284793&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electric power; Reviews; Radioactive wastes; Nuclear energy; Geology; Waste disposal; Biosphere; Hazardous wastes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-090611-143314 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyzing numerics of bulk microphysics schemes in community models: warm rain processes AN - 1266709955; 17398163 AB - Implementation of bulk cloud microphysics (BLK) parameterizations in atmospheric models of different scales has gained momentum in the last two decades. Utilization of these parameterizations in cloud-resolving models when timesteps used for the host model integration are a few seconds or less is justified from the point of view of cloud physics. However, mechanistic extrapolation of the applicability of BLK schemes to the regional or global scales and the utilization of timesteps of hundreds up to thousands of seconds affect both physics and numerics. We focus on the mathematical aspects of BLK schemes, such as stability and positive-definiteness. We provide a strict mathematical definition for the problem of warm rain formation. We also derive a general analytical condition (SM-criterion) that remains valid regardless of parameterizations for warm rain processes in an explicit Eulerian time integration framework used to advanced finite-difference equations, which govern warm rain formation processes in microphysics packages in the Community Atmosphere Model and the Weather Research and Forecasting model. The SM-criterion allows for the existence of a unique positive-definite stable mass-conserving numerical solution, imposes an additional constraint on the timestep permitted due to the microphysics (like the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition for the advection equation), and prohibits use of any additional assumptions not included in the strict mathematical definition of the problem under consideration. By analyzing the numerics of warm rain processes in source codes of BLK schemes implemented in community models we provide general guidelines regarding the appropriate choice of time steps in these models. JF - Geoscientific Model Development AU - Sednev, I AU - Menon, S AD - Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, isednev@lbl.gov Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 975 EP - 987 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. 5, rue Rene Descartes Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1991-959X, 1991-959X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Parameterization KW - Cloud Physics KW - Atmosphere KW - Cloud physics KW - Advection KW - Forecasting KW - Weather forecasting KW - Modelling KW - Weather KW - Mathematical models KW - Model Studies KW - Clouds KW - Standards KW - Rain KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1266709955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoscientific+Model+Development&rft.atitle=Analyzing+numerics+of+bulk+microphysics+schemes+in+community+models%3A+warm+rain+processes&rft.au=Sednev%2C+I%3BMenon%2C+S&rft.aulast=Sednev&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=975&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoscientific+Model+Development&rft.issn=1991959X&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fgmd-5-975-2012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Prediction; Mathematical models; Parameterization; Cloud physics; Weather forecasting; Modelling; Weather; Cloud Physics; Forecasting; Standards; Rain; Atmosphere; Advection; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-5-975-2012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermoascus aurantiacus is a promising source of enzymes for biomass deconstruction under thermophilic conditions AN - 1257752276; 17436228 AB - Background: Thermophilic fungi have attracted increased interest for their ability to secrete enzymes that deconstruct biomass at high temperatures. However, development of thermophilic fungi as enzyme producers for biomass deconstruction has not been thoroughly investigated. Comparing the enzymatic activities of thermophilic fungal strains that grow on targeted biomass feedstocks has the potential to identify promising candidates for strain development. Thielavia terrestris and Thermoascus aurantiacus were chosen for characterization based on literature precedents. Results: Thermoascus aurantiacus and Thielavia terrestris were cultivated on various biomass substrates and culture supernatants assayed for glycoside hydrolase activities. Supernatants from both cultures possessed comparable glycoside hydrolase activities when incubated with artificial biomass substrates. In contrast, saccharifications of ionic liquid pretreated switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) revealed that T. aurantiacus enzymes released more glucose than T. terrestris enzymes over a range of protein mass loadings and temperatures. Temperature-dependent saccharifications demonstrated that the T. aurantiacus proteins retained higher levels of activity compared to a commercial enzyme mixture sold by Novozymes, Cellic CTec2, at elevated temperatures. Enzymes secreted by T. aurantiacus released glucose at similar protein loadings to CTec2 on dilute acid, ammonia fiber expansion, or ionic liquid pretreated switchgrass. Proteomic analysis of the T. aurantiacus culture supernatant revealed dominant glycoside hydrolases from families 5, 7, 10, and 61, proteins that are key enzymes in commercial cocktails. Conclusions: T. aurantiacus produces a complement of secreted proteins capable of higher levels of saccharification of pretreated switchgrass than T. terrestris enzymes. The T. aurantiacus enzymatic cocktail performs at the same level as commercially available enzymatic cocktail for biomass deconstruction, without strain development or genetic modifications. Therefore, T. aurantiacus provides an excellent platform to develop a thermophilic fungal system for enzyme production for the conversion of biomass to biofuels. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - McClendon, Shara D AU - Batth, Tanveer AU - Petzold, Christopher J AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singer, Steven W AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 54 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Thermoascus aurantiacus KW - Thielavia terrestris KW - GH 61 KW - Polysaccharide monooxygenases KW - Fungal secretome KW - Ammonia fiber expansion KW - Ionic liquid KW - 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate KW - Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) KW - Temperature effects KW - Panicum virgatum KW - Ammonia KW - Glucose KW - Cell culture KW - Biomass KW - Fibers KW - Thermophilic fungi KW - glycoside hydrolase KW - proteomics KW - Enzymatic activity KW - Biofuels KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1257752276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Thermoascus+aurantiacus+is+a+promising+source+of+enzymes+for+biomass+deconstruction+under+thermophilic+conditions&rft.au=McClendon%2C+Shara+D%3BBatth%2C+Tanveer%3BPetzold%2C+Christopher+J%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSinger%2C+Steven+W&rft.aulast=McClendon&rft.aufirst=Shara&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-5-54 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/5/1/54 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Fibers; Thermophilic fungi; Ammonia; Glucose; glycoside hydrolase; Cell culture; Enzymatic activity; proteomics; Biomass; Biofuels; Panicum virgatum; Thermoascus aurantiacus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-5-54 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On parameterization of the inverse problem for estimating aquifer properties using tracer data AN - 1244690937; 2013-007176 AB - In developing a reliable approach for inferring hydrological properties through inverse modeling of tracer data, decisions made on how to parameterize heterogeneity (i.e., how to represent a heterogeneous distribution using a limited number of parameters that are amenable to estimation) are of paramount importance, as errors in the model structure are partly compensated for by estimating biased property values during the inversion. These biased estimates, while potentially providing an improved fit to the calibration data, may lead to wrong interpretations and conclusions and reduce the ability of the model to make reliable predictions. We consider the estimation of spatial variations in permeability and several other parameters through inverse modeling of tracer data, specifically synthetic and actual field data associated with the 2007 Winchester experiment from the Department of Energy Rifle site. Characterization is challenging due to the real-world complexities associated with field experiments in such a dynamic groundwater system. Our aim is to highlight and quantify the impact on inversion results of various decisions related to parameterization, such as the positioning of pilot points in a geostatistical parameterization; the handling of up-gradient regions; the inclusion of zonal information derived from geophysical data or core logs; extension from 2-D to 3-D; assumptions regarding the gradient direction, porosity, and the semivariogram function; and deteriorating experimental conditions. This work adds to the relatively limited number of studies that offer guidance on the use of pilot points in complex real-world experiments involving tracer data (as opposed to hydraulic head data). JF - Water Resources Research AU - Kowalsky, M B AU - Finsterle, S AU - Williams, K H AU - Murray, C AU - Commer, M AU - Newcomer, D AU - Englert, A AU - Steefel, C I AU - Hubbard, S S Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Citation W06535 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 48 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - numerical models KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - government agencies KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - inverse problem KW - calibration KW - preferential flow KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Rifle Colorado KW - transport KW - tracers KW - Colorado KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244690937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=On+parameterization+of+the+inverse+problem+for+estimating+aquifer+properties+using+tracer+data&rft.au=Kowalsky%2C+M+B%3BFinsterle%2C+S%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BMurray%2C+C%3BCommer%2C+M%3BNewcomer%2C+D%3BEnglert%2C+A%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BHubbard%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Kowalsky&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011WR011203 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-27 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; calibration; Colorado; Garfield County Colorado; government agencies; ground water; hydrology; inverse problem; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; prediction; preferential flow; Rifle Colorado; three-dimensional models; tracers; transport; two-dimensional models; U. S. Department of Energy; unconfined aquifers; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011203 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An investigation of the effect of pore scale flow on average geochemical reaction rates using direct numerical simulation AN - 1244673466; 2013-008144 AB - The scale-dependence of geochemical reaction rates hinders their use in continuum scale models intended for the interpretation and prediction of chemical fate and transport in subsurface environments such as those considered for geologic sequestration of CO (sub 2) . Processes that take place at the pore scale, especially those involving mass transport limitations to reactive surfaces, may contribute to the discrepancy commonly observed between laboratory-determined and continuum-scale or field rates. Here, the dependence of mineral dissolution rates on the pore structure of the porous media is investigated by means of pore scale modeling of flow and multicomponent reactive transport. The pore scale model is composed of high-performance simulation tools and algorithms for incompressible flow and conservative transport combined with a general-purpose multicomponent geochemical reaction code. The model performs direct numerical simulation of reactive transport based on an operator-splitting approach to coupling transport and reactions. The approach is validated with a Poiseuille flow single-pore experiment and verified with an equivalent 1-D continuum-scale model of a capillary tube packed with calcite spheres. Using the case of calcite dissolution as an example, the high-resolution model is used to demonstrate that nonuniformity in the flow field at the pore scale has the effect of decreasing the overall reactivity of the system, even when systems with identical reactive surface area are considered. The effect becomes more pronounced as the heterogeneity of the reactive grain packing increases, particularly where the flow slows sufficiently such that the solution approaches equilibrium locally and the average rate becomes transport-limited. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Trebotich, David AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Shen, Chaopeng Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Citation W03527 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 48 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - steady flow KW - one-dimensional models KW - data processing KW - solution KW - hydrochemistry KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - calcite KW - granular materials KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - reactive transport KW - packing KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244673466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=An+investigation+of+the+effect+of+pore+scale+flow+on+average+geochemical+reaction+rates+using+direct+numerical+simulation&rft.au=Molins%2C+Sergi%3BTrebotich%2C+David%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BShen%2C+Chaopeng&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=Sergi&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011WR011404 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-27 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; data processing; digital simulation; geochemistry; granular materials; ground water; hydrochemistry; numerical models; one-dimensional models; packing; porosity; reactive transport; solution; steady flow; three-dimensional models; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011404 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen isotopic fractionation in VUV photodissociation of N (sub 2) ; implications for the early solar system AN - 1151913982; 2012-100275 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Chakraborty, S AU - Jackson, Teresa L AU - Muskatel, B H AU - Ahmed, Muskatel AU - Levine, R D AU - Thiemens, Mark H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Abstract 2347 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 43 KW - isotope fractionation KW - icy satellites KW - ammonium KW - vacuum ultraviolet KW - dissociation KW - stony meteorites KW - isotopes KW - self-shielding KW - interplanetary dust KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - giant planets KW - meteorites KW - electromagnetic radiation KW - Titan Satellite KW - satellites KW - chondrites KW - experimental studies KW - N-15/N-14 KW - isotope ratios KW - photochemistry KW - cosmochemistry KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - planets KW - cosmic dust KW - comets KW - photolysis KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151913982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+isotopic+fractionation+in+VUV+photodissociation+of+N+%28sub+2%29+%3B+implications+for+the+early+solar+system&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+S%3BJackson%2C+Teresa+L%3BMuskatel%2C+B+H%3BAhmed%2C+Muskatel%3BLevine%2C+R+D%3BThiemens%2C+Mark+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2012/pdf/2347.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Forty-third lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on April 19, 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium; carbonaceous chondrites; chondrites; comets; cosmic dust; cosmochemistry; dissociation; electromagnetic radiation; experimental studies; giant planets; icy satellites; interplanetary dust; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; meteorites; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; photochemistry; photolysis; planets; satellites; self-shielding; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; Titan Satellite; ultraviolet radiation; vacuum ultraviolet ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of the oxidation state of Ti in solar and presolar hibonite AN - 1151911826; 2012-100536 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Zega, T J AU - Nittler, Larry R AU - Stroud, R M AU - Alexander, Conel M O'D AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Abstract 2338 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 43 KW - sorosilicates KW - silicates KW - stony meteorites KW - oxygen KW - refractory materials KW - calcium-aluminum inclusions KW - CV chondrites KW - fugacity KW - Allende Meteorite KW - XANES spectra KW - asymptotic giant branch stars KW - meteorites KW - melilite group KW - presolar grains KW - melilite KW - inclusions KW - orthosilicates KW - oxides KW - valency KW - spectra KW - condensates KW - chondrites KW - AGB stars KW - supernovas KW - oxidation KW - hibonite KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - X-ray spectra KW - solar nebula KW - titanium KW - stars KW - metals KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151911826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+the+oxidation+state+of+Ti+in+solar+and+presolar+hibonite&rft.au=Zega%2C+T+J%3BNittler%2C+Larry+R%3BStroud%2C+R+M%3BAlexander%2C+Conel+M+O%27D%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zega&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=376&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.issn=00284793&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2012/pdf/2338.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Forty-third lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Aug. 10, 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AGB stars; Allende Meteorite; asymptotic giant branch stars; calcium-aluminum inclusions; carbonaceous chondrites; chondrites; condensates; CV chondrites; fugacity; hibonite; inclusions; melilite; melilite group; metals; meteorites; orthosilicates; oxidation; oxides; oxygen; presolar grains; refractory materials; silicates; solar nebula; sorosilicates; spectra; stars; stony meteorites; supernovas; titanium; valency; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron valence state distribution at the nano-scale in Comet Wild2 material from the Stardust Mission; a coordinated TEM/STEM EDX/STXM study AN - 1124741351; 2012-093894 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Stodolna, Julien AU - Butterworth, Anna L AU - Leroux, Hugues AU - Gainsforth, Z AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Jacob, D AU - Westphal, A J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - Abstract 1212 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 43 KW - magnesium KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - ferric iron KW - silica KW - Wild Comet KW - valency KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - Eh KW - alkaline earth metals KW - glass with embedded metal and sulfides grains KW - Stardust Mission KW - distribution KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - ferrous iron KW - EDS spectra KW - Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy KW - metallic iron KW - comets KW - iron sulfides KW - metals KW - fine-grained materials KW - sulfides KW - cometary dust KW - GEMS grains KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1124741351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Iron+valence+state+distribution+at+the+nano-scale+in+Comet+Wild2+material+from+the+Stardust+Mission%3B+a+coordinated+TEM%2FSTEM+EDX%2FSTXM+study&rft.au=Stodolna%2C+Julien%3BButterworth%2C+Anna+L%3BLeroux%2C+Hugues%3BGainsforth%2C+Z%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BJacob%2C+D%3BWestphal%2C+A+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stodolna&rft.aufirst=Julien&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2012/pdf/1212.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Forty-third lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 15, 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-01 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; chemical composition; cometary dust; comets; distribution; EDS spectra; Eh; ferric iron; ferrous iron; fine-grained materials; GEMS grains; glass with embedded metal and sulfides grains; iron; iron sulfides; magnesium; metallic iron; metals; Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy; silica; spectra; Stardust Mission; sulfides; TEM data; valency; Wild Comet; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Manipulation of the carbon storage regulator system for metabolite remodeling and biofuel production in Escherichia coli AN - 1113238555; 17213247 AB - Background: Microbial engineering strategies that elicit global metabolic perturbations have the capacity to increase organism robustness for targeted metabolite production. In particular, perturbations to regulators of cellular systems that impact glycolysis and amino acid production while simultaneously decreasing fermentation by-products such as acetate and CO sub(2) make ideal targets. Intriguingly, perturbation of the Carbon Storage Regulator (Csr) system has been previously implicated in large changes in central carbon metabolism in E. coli. Therefore, we hypothesized that perturbation of the Csr system through the CsrA-CsrB ribonucleoprotein complex might increase production of biofuels and their intermediates from heterologous pathways. Results: We engaged the CsrA-CsrB ribonucleoprotein complex of E. coli via overexpression of CsrB. CsrB is a 350-nucleotide non-coding RNA that antagonizes CsrA, an RNA-binding protein that regulates translation of specific mRNA targets. By using shotgun proteomics and targeted metabolomics we established that elevation of CsrB levels leads to alterations in metabolite and protein levels in glycolysis, the TCA cycle and amino acid levels. Consequently, we show that such changes can be suitably applied to improve the production of desired compounds through the native fatty acid and heterologous n-butanol and isoprenoid pathways by up to two-fold. We also observed concomitant decreases in undesirable fermentation by-products such as acetate and CO sub(2). Conclusions: We have demonstrated that simple engineering of the RNA-based Csr global regulatory system constitutes a novel approach to obtaining pathway-independent improvements within engineered hosts. Additionally, since Csr is conserved across most prokaryotic species, this approach may also be amenable to a wide variety of production hosts. JF - Microbial Cell Factories AU - McKee, Adrienne E AU - Rutherford, Becky J AU - Chivian, Dylan C AU - Baidoo, Edward K AU - Juminaga, Darmawi AU - Kuo, Dwight AU - Benke, Peter I AU - Dietrich, Jeffrey A AU - Ma, Suzanne M AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Petzold, Christopher J AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Chhabra, Swapnil R AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 79 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1475-2859, 1475-2859 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Acetic acid KW - Amino acids KW - Biofuels KW - Carbon KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Fatty acids KW - Fermentation KW - Glycolysis KW - Metabolism KW - Metabolites KW - RNA-binding protein KW - Ribonucleoproteins KW - Terpenes KW - Translation KW - Tricarboxylic acid cycle KW - metabolomics KW - non-coding RNA KW - proteomics KW - Escherichia coli KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1113238555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Cell+Factories&rft.atitle=Manipulation+of+the+carbon+storage+regulator+system+for+metabolite+remodeling+and+biofuel+production+in+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=McKee%2C+Adrienne+E%3BRutherford%2C+Becky+J%3BChivian%2C+Dylan+C%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward+K%3BJuminaga%2C+Darmawi%3BKuo%2C+Dwight%3BBenke%2C+Peter+I%3BDietrich%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BMa%2C+Suzanne+M%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BPetzold%2C+Christopher+J%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BChhabra%2C+Swapnil+R&rft.aulast=McKee&rft.aufirst=Adrienne&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Cell+Factories&rft.issn=14752859&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1475-2859-11-79 L2 - http://www.microbialcellfactories.com/content/11/1/79 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terpenes; Translation; Amino acids; RNA-binding protein; Fermentation; non-coding RNA; Metabolites; Acetic acid; Carbon; Ribonucleoproteins; Fatty acids; proteomics; Tricarboxylic acid cycle; Carbon dioxide; Glycolysis; Metabolism; Biofuels; metabolomics; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-11-79 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil microbiota of contrasting Alaskan permafrost environments AN - 1080608653; 2012-084062 JF - International Conference on Permafrost (ICOP) Proceedings AU - Waldrop, M P AU - Wickland, K P AU - Mackelprang, R AU - Jansson, J K AU - Hultman, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 632 EP - 633 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 10, Volume 4 KW - United States KW - soils KW - permafrost KW - Hess Creek KW - biota KW - temperature KW - habitat KW - ice KW - ground ice KW - ecology KW - Alaska KW - frozen ground KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1080608653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Soil+microbiota+of+contrasting+Alaskan+permafrost+environments&rft.au=Waldrop%2C+M+P%3BWickland%2C+K+P%3BMackelprang%2C+R%3BJansson%2C+J+K%3BHultman%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Waldrop&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=10%2C+Volume+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=632&rft.isbn=9785911280566&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipa.arcticportal.org/meetings/international-conferences.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Tenth international conference on Permafrost N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-27 N1 - CODEN - #00164 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; biota; ecology; frozen ground; ground ice; habitat; Hess Creek; ice; microorganisms; permafrost; soils; temperature; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permafrost soil warming induced by elevated CO (sub 2) and increased summer rainfall AN - 1080607849; 2012-084031 JF - International Conference on Permafrost (ICOP) Proceedings AU - Subin, Z M AU - Riley, W J AU - Koven, C D AU - Torn, M S AU - Lawrence, D M AU - Swenson, S C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 575 EP - 576 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 10, Volume 4 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - permafrost KW - rainfall KW - Arctic region KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - climate effects KW - seasonal variations KW - meteorology KW - frozen ground KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1080607849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Permafrost+soil+warming+induced+by+elevated+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+increased+summer+rainfall&rft.au=Subin%2C+Z+M%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BLawrence%2C+D+M%3BSwenson%2C+S+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Subin&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=10%2C+Volume+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=9785911280566&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipa.arcticportal.org/meetings/international-conferences.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Tenth international conference on Permafrost N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-27 N1 - CODEN - #00164 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic region; carbon dioxide; climate change; climate effects; frozen ground; hydrology; meteorology; permafrost; rainfall; seasonal variations; soils; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE Arctic); a new project focused on improved climate prediction AN - 1039340180; 2012-082062 JF - International Conference on Permafrost (ICOP) Proceedings AU - Hinzman, Larry D AU - Wilson, Cathy J AU - Rowland, Joel C AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Riley, William J AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Graham, David E AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Norby, Richard J AU - Thornton, Peter E AU - Rogers, Alistair AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 213 EP - 214 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 10, Volume 4 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - Arctic region KW - prediction KW - thermal regime KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - ice KW - climate effects KW - Arctic Ocean KW - ground ice KW - active layer KW - frozen ground KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1039340180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Next-Generation+Ecosystem+Experiment+%28NGEE+Arctic%29%3B+a+new+project+focused+on+improved+climate+prediction&rft.au=Hinzman%2C+Larry+D%3BWilson%2C+Cathy+J%3BRowland%2C+Joel+C%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BGraham%2C+David+E%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BNorby%2C+Richard+J%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E%3BRogers%2C+Alistair%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hinzman&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=10%2C+Volume+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=9785911280505&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipa.arcticportal.org/meetings/international-conferences.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Tenth international conference on Permafrost N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-14 N1 - CODEN - #00164 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Arctic Ocean; Arctic region; climate change; climate effects; degradation; frozen ground; ground ice; hydrology; ice; permafrost; prediction; soils; temperature; thermal regime ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DeviceEditor visual biological CAD canvas AN - 1028038057; 16899477 AB - Background: Biological Computer Aided Design (bioCAD) assists the de novo design and selection of existing genetic components to achieve a desired biological activity, as part of an integrated design-build-test cycle. To meet the emerging needs of Synthetic Biology, bioCAD tools must address the increasing prevalence of combinatorial library design, design rule specification, and scar-less multi-part DNA assembly. Results: We report the development and deployment of web-based bioCAD software, DeviceEditor, which provides a graphical design environment that mimics the intuitive visual whiteboard design process practiced in biological laboratories. The key innovations of DeviceEditor include visual combinatorial library design, direct integration with scar-less multi-part DNA assembly design automation, and a graphical user interface for the creation and modification of design specification rules. We demonstrate how biological designs are rendered on the DeviceEditor canvas, and we present effective visualizations of genetic component ordering and combinatorial variations within complex designs. Conclusions: DeviceEditor liberates researchers from DNA base-pair manipulation, and enables users to create successful prototypes using standardized, functional, and visual abstractions. Open and documented software interfaces support further integration of DeviceEditor with other bioCAD tools and software platforms. DeviceEditor saves researcher time and institutional resources through correct-by-construction design, the automation of tedious tasks, design reuse, and the minimization of DNA assembly costs. JF - Journal of Biological Engineering AU - Chen, Joanna AU - Densmore, Douglas AU - Ham, Timothy S AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Hillson, Nathan J AD - Fuels Synthesis Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1754-1611, 1754-1611 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Automation KW - Combinatorial libraries KW - Computer programs KW - Computers KW - DNA KW - Integration KW - software KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1028038057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Engineering&rft.atitle=DeviceEditor+visual+biological+CAD+canvas&rft.au=Chen%2C+Joanna%3BDensmore%2C+Douglas%3BHam%2C+Timothy+S%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BHillson%2C+Nathan+J&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Engineering&rft.issn=17541611&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-1611-6-1 L2 - http://www.jbioleng.org/content/6/1/1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-10 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Integration; Computer programs; software; Computers; DNA; Automation; Combinatorial libraries DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-1611-6-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extensive Determination of Glycan Heterogeneity Reveals an Unusual Abundance of High Mannose Glycans in Enriched Plasma Membranes of Human Embryonic Stem Cells AN - 1028022727; 16559920 AB - Most cell membrane proteins are known or predicted to be glycosylated in eukaryotic organisms, where surface glycans are essential in many biological processes including cell development and differentiation. Nonetheless, the glycosylation on cell membranes remains not well characterized because of the lack of sensitive analytical methods. This study introduces a technique for the rapid profiling and quantitation of N- and O-glycans on cell membranes using membrane enrichment and nanoflow liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry of native structures. Using this new method, the glycome analysis of cell membranes isolated from human embryonic stem cells and somatic cell lines was performed. Human embryonic stem cells were found to have high levels of high mannose glycans, which contrasts with IMR-90 fibroblasts and a human normal breast cell line, where complex glycans are by far the most abundant and high mannose glycans are minor components. O-Glycosylation affects relatively minor components of cell surfaces. To verify the quantitation and localization of glycans on the human embryonic stem cell membranes, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry were performed. Proteomics analyses were also performed and confirmed enrichment of plasma membrane proteins with some contamination from endoplasmic reticulum and other membranes. These findings suggest that high mannose glycans are the major component of cell surface glycosylation with even terminal glucoses. High mannose glycans are not commonly presented on the surfaces of mammalian cells or in serum yet may play important roles in stem cell biology. The results also mean that distinguishing stem cells from other mammalian cells may be facilitated by the major difference in the glycosylation of the cell membrane. The deep structural analysis enabled by this new method will enable future mechanistic studies on the biological significance of high mannose glycans on stem cell membranes and provide a general tool to examine cell surface glycosylation. JF - Molecular and Cellular Proteomics AU - An, Hyun Joo AU - Gip, Phung AU - Kim, Jaehan AU - Wu, Shuai AU - Park, Kun Wook AU - McVaugh, Cheryl T AU - Schaffer, David V AU - Bertozzi, Carolyn R AU - Lebrilla, Carlito B AD - From the Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology and Cancer Research Institute, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea, the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, the Department of Food Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea, the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, the Department of Chemical Engineering and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, the Departments of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, and Materials Sciences Division and the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616 Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - M111.010660 PB - American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3996 United States VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 1535-9476, 1535-9476 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Cell membranes KW - Cell surface KW - Differentiation KW - Embryo cells KW - Endoplasmic reticulum KW - Fibroblasts KW - Flow cytometry KW - Glucose KW - Glycosylation KW - Immunocytochemistry KW - Liquid chromatography KW - Mammalian cells KW - Mannose KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Plasma membranes KW - Polysaccharides KW - Quantitation KW - Stem cells KW - proteomics KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1028022727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.atitle=Extensive+Determination+of+Glycan+Heterogeneity+Reveals+an+Unusual+Abundance+of+High+Mannose+Glycans+in+Enriched+Plasma+Membranes+of+Human+Embryonic+Stem+Cells&rft.au=An%2C+Hyun+Joo%3BGip%2C+Phung%3BKim%2C+Jaehan%3BWu%2C+Shuai%3BPark%2C+Kun+Wook%3BMcVaugh%2C+Cheryl+T%3BSchaffer%2C+David+V%3BBertozzi%2C+Carolyn+R%3BLebrilla%2C+Carlito+B&rft.aulast=An&rft.aufirst=Hyun&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=M111.010660&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.issn=15359476&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immunocytochemistry; Cell surface; Mannose; Glucose; Glycosylation; Polysaccharides; Mass spectroscopy; Fibroblasts; Flow cytometry; Endoplasmic reticulum; Differentiation; Stem cells; Cell membranes; Embryo cells; Plasma membranes; Mammalian cells; Liquid chromatography; proteomics; Quantitation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Joint inversion of marine seismic AVA and CSEM data using statistical rock-physics models and Markov random fields AN - 1015463072; 2012-050090 AB - Joint inversion of seismic AVA and CSEM data requires rock-physics relationships to link seismic attributes to electric properties. Ideally, we can connect them through reservoir parameters (e.g., porosity and water saturation) by developing physical-based models, such as Gassmann's equations and Archie's law, using nearby borehole logs. This could be difficult in the exploration stage because information available is typically insufficient for choosing suitable rock-physics models and for subsequently obtaining reliable estimates of the associated parameters. The use of improper rock-physics models and the inaccuracy of the estimates of model parameters may cause misleading inversion results. Conversely, it is easy to derive statistical relationships among seismic and electric attributes and reservoir parameters from distant borehole logs. In this study, we developed a Bayesian model to jointly invert seismic AVA and CSEM data for reservoir parameters using statistical rock-physics models; the spatial dependence of geophysical and reservoir parameters were carried out by lithotypes through Markov random fields. We applied the developed model to a synthetic case that simulates a CO (sub 2) monitoring application. We derived statistical rock-physics relations from borehole logs at one location and estimated seismic P- and S-wave velocity ratio, acoustic impedance, density, electric resistivity, lithotypes, porosity, and water saturation at three different locations by conditioning to seismic AVA and CSEM data. Comparison of the inversion results with their corresponding true values showed that the correlation-based statistical rock-physics models provide significant information for improving the joint inversion results. JF - Geophysics AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hoversten, G Michael Y1 - 2012/01/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 01 SP - R65 EP - R80 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 77 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - Angola KW - P-waves KW - geophysical surveys KW - Bayesian analysis KW - elastic waves KW - simulation KW - rock mechanics KW - reservoir rocks KW - algorithms KW - body waves KW - Kuito Angola KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - Central Africa KW - resistivity KW - seismic methods KW - case studies KW - AVA methods KW - boreholes KW - marine environment KW - surveys KW - Africa KW - seismic waves KW - SEM data KW - S-waves KW - regression analysis KW - Markov chain analysis KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015463072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Joint+inversion+of+marine+seismic+AVA+and+CSEM+data+using+statistical+rock-physics+models+and+Markov+random+fields&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=R65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FGEO2011-0219.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; algorithms; Angola; AVA methods; Bayesian analysis; body waves; boreholes; case studies; Central Africa; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; inverse problem; Kuito Angola; marine environment; Markov chain analysis; P-waves; regression analysis; reservoir rocks; resistivity; rock mechanics; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; SEM data; simulation; statistical analysis; surveys DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/GEO2011-0219.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eddy covariance imaging of diffuse volcanic CO (sub 2) emissions at Mammoth Mountain, CA, USA AN - 1011391528; 2012-043222 AB - Use of eddy covariance (EC) techniques to map the spatial distribution of diffuse volcanic CO (sub 2) fluxes and quantify CO (sub 2) emission rate was tested at the Horseshoe Lake tree-kill area on Mammoth Mountain, California, USA. EC measurements of CO (sub 2) flux were made during September-October 2010 and ranged from 85 to 1,766 g m (super -2) day (super -1) . Comparative maps of soil CO (sub 2) flux were simulated and CO (sub 2) emission rates estimated from three accumulation chamber (AC) CO (sub 2) flux surveys. Least-squares inversion of measured eddy covariance CO (sub 2) fluxes and corresponding modeled source weight functions recovered 58-77% of the CO (sub 2) emission rates estimated based on simulated AC soil CO (sub 2) fluxes. Spatial distributions of modeled surface CO (sub 2) fluxes based on EC and AC observations showed moderate to good correspondence (R (super 2) = 0.36 to 0.70). Results provide a framework for automated monitoring of volcanic CO (sub 2) emissions over relatively large areas. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag and 2011 Springer-Verlag (outside the USA) JF - Bulletin of Volcanology AU - Lewicki, Jennifer L AU - Hilley, George E AU - Dobeck, Laura AU - Marino, Bruno D V Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - January 2012 SP - 135 EP - 141 PB - Springer International [for the] International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI), Heidelberg VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 0258-8900, 0258-8900 KW - United States KW - monitoring KW - volcanic rocks KW - dacitic composition KW - numerical analysis KW - igneous rocks KW - statistical analysis KW - least-squares analysis KW - gases KW - carbon dioxide KW - California KW - Mammoth Mountain KW - volcanoes KW - degassing KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1011391528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Volcanology&rft.atitle=Eddy+covariance+imaging+of+diffuse+volcanic+CO+%28sub+2%29+emissions+at+Mammoth+Mountain%2C+CA%2C+USA&rft.au=Lewicki%2C+Jennifer+L%3BHilley%2C+George+E%3BDobeck%2C+Laura%3BMarino%2C+Bruno+D+V&rft.aulast=Lewicki&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Volcanology&rft.issn=02588900&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00445-011-0503-y L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(1k1tfmmpjinass550lg0zy55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100402,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - BUVOEW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; carbon dioxide; dacitic composition; degassing; gases; igneous rocks; least-squares analysis; Mammoth Mountain; monitoring; numerical analysis; statistical analysis; United States; volcanic rocks; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0503-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A combined computational and experimental characterization of lean premixed turbulent low swirl laboratory flames: I. Methane flames AN - 1010874127; 16127677 AB - This paper is the first in a series that presents a combined computational and experimental study to investigate and characterize the structure of premixed turbulent low swirl laboratory flames. The simulations discussed here are based on an adaptive solution of the low Mach number equations for turbulent reacting flow, and incorporate detailed models for transport and thermo-chemistry. Experimental diagnostics of the laboratory flame include PIV and OH-PLIF imaging, and are used to quantify the flow field, mean flame location, and local flame wrinkling characteristics. We present a framework for relating the simulation results to the flame measurements, and then use the simulation data to further probe the time-dependent, 3D structure of the flames as they interact with the turbulent flow. The present study is limited to lean methane-air flames over a range of flow conditions, and demonstrates that in the regime studied, local flame profiles are structurally very similar to the flat, unstrained steady ("laminar") flame. The analysis here will serve as a framework for discussing a broader set of premixed flames in this same configuration. Papers II and III will discuss corresponding analysis for pure hydrogen-air and hydrogen-methane mixed fuels, respectively. JF - Combustion and Flame AU - Day, Marc AU - Tachibana, Shigeru AU - Bell, John AU - Lijewski, Michael AU - Beckner, Vince AU - Cheng, Robert K AD - Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 275 EP - 290 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 159 IS - 1 SN - 0010-2180, 0010-2180 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Computation KW - Computational fluid dynamics KW - Computer simulation KW - Fluid flow KW - Mathematical models KW - Premixed flames KW - Turbulence KW - Turbulent flow UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1010874127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Combustion+and+Flame&rft.atitle=A+combined+computational+and+experimental+characterization+of+lean+premixed+turbulent+low+swirl+laboratory+flames%3A+I.+Methane+flames&rft.au=Day%2C+Marc%3BTachibana%2C+Shigeru%3BBell%2C+John%3BLijewski%2C+Michael%3BBeckner%2C+Vince%3BCheng%2C+Robert+K&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Combustion+and+Flame&rft.issn=00102180&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.combustflame.2011.06.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.06.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical processes in the near field of a high-level radioactive waste repository in clay formations AN - 1008816980; 2012-037437 AB - The present paper provides an overview of key coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes in clay formations that would result from the development of a high-level radioactive waste repository. Here, in this paper, clay formations include plastic clay such as the Boom Clay of Belgium, as well as more indurated clay such as the Callovo-Oxfordian and upper Toarcian of France and Opalinus Clay of Switzerland. First, we briefly introduce and describe four major Underground Research Laboratories (URLs) that have been devoted to clay repository research over the last few decades. Much of the research results in this area have been gained through investigations in these URLs and their supporting laboratory and modeling research activities. Then, the basic elements in the development of a waste repository in clays are presented in terms of four distinct stages in repository development. For each of these four stages, key processes and outstanding issues are discussed. A summary of the important areas of research needs and some general remarks then conclude this paper. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Tsang, C F AU - Barnichon, J D AU - Birkholzer, J AU - Li, X L AU - Liu, H H AU - Sillen, X Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - January 2012 SP - 31 EP - 44 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 49 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - limestone KW - clay KW - site exploration KW - sandstone KW - Europe KW - dolostone KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Opalinus Clay KW - ductility KW - sediments KW - water content KW - brittleness KW - plasticity KW - soil mechanics KW - high-level waste KW - Western Europe KW - Jurassic KW - clastic sediments KW - tensile strength KW - Paleogene KW - Mesozoic KW - Boom Clay KW - Tertiary KW - Belgium KW - thermomechanical properties KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - compressive strength KW - waste disposal KW - carbonate rocks KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - Oligocene KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008816980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Coupled+thermo-hydro-mechanical+processes+in+the+near+field+of+a+high-level+radioactive+waste+repository+in+clay+formations&rft.au=Tsang%2C+C+F%3BBarnichon%2C+J+D%3BBirkholzer%2C+J%3BLi%2C+X+L%3BLiu%2C+H+H%3BSillen%2C+X&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2011.09.015 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, block diags. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Belgium; Boom Clay; brittleness; carbonate rocks; Cenozoic; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; clay; compressive strength; dolostone; ductility; Europe; high-level waste; hydraulic conductivity; Jurassic; limestone; Mesozoic; Oligocene; Opalinus Clay; Paleogene; plasticity; radioactive waste; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; sediments; site exploration; soil mechanics; tensile strength; Tertiary; thermomechanical properties; underground disposal; waste disposal; water content; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2011.09.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shaken, not stirred: collapsing a peptoid monolayer to produce free-floating, stable nanosheets. AN - 912426147; 21939206 AB - Two-dimensional nanomaterials play a critical role in biology (e.g., lipid bilayers) and electronics (e.g., graphene) but are difficult to directly synthesize with a high level of precision. Peptoid nanosheet bilayers are a versatile synthetic platform for constructing multifunctional, precisely ordered two-dimensional nanostructures. Here we show that nanosheet formation occurs through an unusual monolayer intermediate at the air-water interface. Lateral compression of a self-assembled peptoid monolayer beyond a critical collapse pressure results in the irreversible production of nanosheets. An unusual thermodynamic cycle is employed on a preparative scale, where mechanical energy is used to buckle an intermediate monolayer into a more stable nanosheet. Detailed physical studies of the monolayer-compression mechanism revealed a simple preparative technique to produce nanosheets in 95% overall yield by cyclical monolayer compressions in a rotating closed vial. Compression of monolayers into stable, free-floating products may be a general and preparative approach to access 2D nanomaterials. JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Sanii, Babak AU - Kudirka, Romas AU - Cho, Andrew AU - Venkateswaran, Neeraja AU - Olivier, Gloria K AU - Olson, Alexander M AU - Tran, Helen AU - Harada, R Marika AU - Tan, Li AU - Zuckermann, Ronald N AD - The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2011/12/28/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Dec 28 SP - 20808 EP - 20815 VL - 133 IS - 51 KW - Peptoids KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Thermodynamics KW - Models, Molecular KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Nanotechnology -- methods KW - Air KW - Nanostructures -- ultrastructure KW - Peptoids -- chemistry KW - Nanostructures -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/912426147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Shaken%2C+not+stirred%3A+collapsing+a+peptoid+monolayer+to+produce+free-floating%2C+stable+nanosheets.&rft.au=Sanii%2C+Babak%3BKudirka%2C+Romas%3BCho%2C+Andrew%3BVenkateswaran%2C+Neeraja%3BOlivier%2C+Gloria+K%3BOlson%2C+Alexander+M%3BTran%2C+Helen%3BHarada%2C+R+Marika%3BTan%2C+Li%3BZuckermann%2C+Ronald+N&rft.aulast=Sanii&rft.aufirst=Babak&rft.date=2011-12-28&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=51&rft.spage=20808&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=1520-5126&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fja206199d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-04-16 N1 - Date created - 2011-12-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja206199d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling light trapping in nanostructured solar cells. AN - 912916277; 22082201 AB - The integration of nanophotonic and plasmonic structures with solar cells offers the ability to control and confine light in nanoscale dimensions. These nanostructures can be used to couple incident sunlight into both localized and guided modes, enhancing absorption while reducing the quantity of material. Here we use electromagnetic modeling to study the resonances in a solar cell containing both plasmonic metal back contacts and nanostructured semiconductor top contacts, identify the local and guided modes contributing to enhanced absorption, and optimize the design. We then study the role of the different interfaces and show that Al is a viable plasmonic back contact material. JF - ACS nano AU - Ferry, Vivian E AU - Polman, Albert AU - Atwater, Harry A AD - Thomas J. Watson Laboratories of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States. veferry@lbl.gov Y1 - 2011/12/27/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Dec 27 SP - 10055 EP - 10064 VL - 5 IS - 12 KW - Index Medicus KW - Equipment Design KW - Scattering, Radiation KW - Computer Simulation KW - Equipment Failure Analysis KW - Semiconductors KW - Absorption KW - Light KW - Computer-Aided Design KW - Nanostructures -- ultrastructure KW - Nanostructures -- chemistry KW - Electric Power Supplies KW - Solar Energy KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/912916277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Modeling+light+trapping+in+nanostructured+solar+cells.&rft.au=Ferry%2C+Vivian+E%3BPolman%2C+Albert%3BAtwater%2C+Harry+A&rft.aulast=Ferry&rft.aufirst=Vivian&rft.date=2011-12-27&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=10055&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnn203906t LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-04-17 N1 - Date created - 2011-12-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn203906t ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation studies for the detection of changes in broadband albedo and shortwave nadir reflectance spectra under a climate change scenario AN - 926893928; 16155465 AB - Climate forcing by greenhouse gases and aerosols and climate feedbacks from snow, sea-ice, and clouds all significantly impact the future evolution of the climate system's shortwave energy budget. We examine prospects for tracking changes in these forcings and feedbacks using top-of-atmosphere measurements of shortwave reflected radiation. We quantify the extent to which spectral measurements may reduce the time required to detect changes in the climate the climate system with high statistical confidence relative to conventional broadband measurements. We have developed an Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) based on the Community Climate System Model 3.0 for the NASA CLARREO mission and have analyzed forced and unforced simulations of the 21st Century from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessments. We find that changes in the simulated nadir spectral reflectance measurements in the visible window and between near-infrared water-vapor overtone channels under clear-sky conditions are detectible faster than the corresponding changes in broadband albedo, with many trends detectible within a five-year satellite mission lifetime. Under all-sky conditions, the superposition of unforced cloud variability on the secular climate trends lengthens the times required for climate-change detection in both the spectral and broadband data. However, migration of the ITCZ and stratus regions can be detected after 16-18 years of observation while broadband albedo measurements require 33-61 years of observation. We find that measurement uncertainty and instrument drift significantly lengthen detection times for broadband albedo and spectral reflectances in window channels but do not have the same effect for spectral measurements in water vapor bands. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres AU - Feldman, Daniel R AU - Algieri, Chris A AU - Collins, William D AU - Roberts, Yolanda L AU - Pilewskie, Peter A AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2011/12/17/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Dec 17 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 116 IS - D24 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - 1616 Global Change: Climate variability KW - 1626 Global Change: Global climate models KW - 1640 Global Change: Remote sensing KW - 1694 Global Change: Instruments and techniques KW - albedo KW - change detection KW - hyperspectral reflectance KW - Aerosols KW - Climate models KW - Snow KW - Albedo KW - sea ice KW - Climate change KW - Simulation KW - Climatic trends KW - Channels KW - Clouds KW - Sea ice KW - Numerical simulations KW - Radiation KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Spectral reflectance measurements KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/926893928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Simulation+studies+for+the+detection+of+changes+in+broadband+albedo+and+shortwave+nadir+reflectance+spectra+under+a+climate+change+scenario&rft.au=Feldman%2C+Daniel+R%3BAlgieri%2C+Chris+A%3BCollins%2C+William+D%3BRoberts%2C+Yolanda+L%3BPilewskie%2C+Peter+A&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2011-12-17&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=D24&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011JD016407 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Sea ice; Climate models; Radiation; Numerical simulations; Albedo; Climatic trends; Spectral reflectance measurements; Greenhouse gases; Channels; albedo; Aerosols; Snow; Climate change; sea ice; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016407 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protein side-chain translocation mutagenesis via incorporation of peptoid residues. AN - 911950670; 21958072 AB - For the last few decades, chemistry has played an important role in protein engineering by providing a variety of synthetic tools such as chemoselective side-chain modifications, chemical conjugation, incorporation of non-natural amino acids, and the development of protein-mimetic heteropolymers. Here we study protein backbone engineering in order to better understand the molecular mechanism of protein function and to introduce protease stable, non-natural residues into a protein structure. Using a combination of genetic engineering and chemical synthesis, we were able to introduce peptoid residues (N-substituted glycine residues) at defined positions into bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A. This results in a side-chain translocation from the Cα carbon to the neighboring backbone nitrogen atom. To generate these peptoid substitutions, we removed the N-terminal S-peptide of the protein by proteolysis and chemically conjugated synthetic peptide-peptoid hybrids to the new N-terminus. A triple peptoid mutant containing a catalytic His12 peptoid mutation was active with a k(cat)/K(m) value of 1.0 × 10(4) M(-1) s(-1). This k(cat)/K(m) value is only 10-fold lower than the control wild-type conjugate and comparable in magnitude to many other natural enzymes. The peptoid mutations increased the chain flexibility at the site of peptoid substitution and at its C-terminal neighboring residue. Our ability to translocate side chains by one atom along the proten backbone advances a synthetic mutagenesis tool and opens up a new level of protein engineering. JF - ACS chemical biology AU - Lee, Byoung-Chul AU - Zuckermann, Ronald N AD - Biological Nanostructures Facility, The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2011/12/16/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Dec 16 SP - 1367 EP - 1374 VL - 6 IS - 12 KW - Peptoids KW - 0 KW - Ribonuclease, Pancreatic KW - EC 3.1.27.5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Kinetics KW - Molecular Dynamics Simulation KW - Ribonuclease, Pancreatic -- metabolism KW - Ribonuclease, Pancreatic -- chemistry KW - Ribonuclease, Pancreatic -- genetics KW - Peptoids -- chemistry KW - Protein Engineering -- methods KW - Peptoids -- chemical synthesis KW - Mutagenesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/911950670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+chemical+biology&rft.atitle=Protein+side-chain+translocation+mutagenesis+via+incorporation+of+peptoid+residues.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Byoung-Chul%3BZuckermann%2C+Ronald+N&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Byoung-Chul&rft.date=2011-12-16&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+chemical+biology&rft.issn=1554-8937&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fcb200300w LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-04-16 N1 - Date created - 2011-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cb200300w ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis of three advanced biofuels from ionic liquid-pretreated switchgrass using engineered Escherichia coli AN - 968172286; 16167395 AB - One approach to reducing the costs of advanced biofuel production from cellulosic biomass is to engineer a single microorganism to both digest plant biomass and produce hydrocarbons that have the properties of petrochemical fuels. Such an organism would require pathways for hydrocarbon production and the capacity to secrete sufficient enzymes to efficiently hydrolyze cellulose and hemicellulose. To demonstrate how one might engineer and coordinate all of the necessary components for a biomass-degrading, hydrocarbon-producing microorganism, we engineered a microorganism naieve to both processes, Escherichia coli, to grow using both the cellulose and hemicellulose fractions of several types of plant biomass pretreated with ionic liquids. Our engineered strains express cellulase, xylanase, beta-glucosidase, and xylobiosidase enzymes under control of native E. coli promoters selected to optimize growth on model cellulosic and hemicellulosic substrates. Furthermore, our strains grow using either the cellulose or hemicellulose components of ionic liquid-pretreated biomass or on both components when combined as a coculture. Both cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic strains were further engineered with three biofuel synthesis pathways to demonstrate the production of fuel substitutes or precursors suitable for gasoline, diesel, and jet engines directly from ionic liquid-treated switchgrass without externally supplied hydrolase enzymes. This demonstration represents a major advance toward realizing a consolidated bioprocess. With improvements in both biofuel synthesis pathways and biomass digestion capabilities, our approach could provide an economical route to production of advanced biofuels. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Bokinsky, Gregory AU - Peralta-Yahya, Pamela P AU - George, Anthe AU - Holmes, Bradley M AU - Steen, Eric J AU - Dietrich, Jeffrey AU - Soon Lee, Taek AU - Tullman-Ercek, Danielle AU - Voigt, Christopher A AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Keasling, Jay D AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Avenue, Emeryville, CA 94608 Y1 - 2011/12/13/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Dec 13 SP - 19949 EP - 19954 PB - National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Ave. Washington DC 20418 United States VL - 108 IS - 50 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Biofuels KW - Biomass KW - Cellulase KW - Cellulose KW - Diesel KW - Digestion KW - Economics KW - Enzymes KW - Fuel technology KW - Fuels KW - Gasoline KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Microorganisms KW - Promoters KW - Xylan endo-1,3- beta -xylosidase KW - biofuels KW - hemicellulose KW - hydrolase KW - plant biomass KW - Escherichia coli KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968172286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+three+advanced+biofuels+from+ionic+liquid-pretreated+switchgrass+using+engineered+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Bokinsky%2C+Gregory%3BPeralta-Yahya%2C+Pamela+P%3BGeorge%2C+Anthe%3BHolmes%2C+Bradley+M%3BSteen%2C+Eric+J%3BDietrich%2C+Jeffrey%3BSoon+Lee%2C+Taek%3BTullman-Ercek%2C+Danielle%3BVoigt%2C+Christopher+A%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Bokinsky&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2011-12-13&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=50&rft.spage=19949&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gasoline; Hydrocarbons; Fuels; Cellulose; Enzymes; Biomass; Cellulase; hemicellulose; Xylan endo-1,3- beta -xylosidase; hydrolase; Digestion; Promoters; Microorganisms; Diesel; Biofuels; Fuel technology; Economics; biofuels; plant biomass; Escherichia coli ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Asymmetric Expression/ Distribution of Connexins is Essential for Contractile Function in the Mammary Gland T2 - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB 2011) AN - 1313056368; 6115048 JF - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB 2011) AU - Mroue, R AU - Bissell, M Y1 - 2011/12/03/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Dec 03 KW - Mammary gland KW - Connexins KW - Contractility KW - Glands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313056368?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Cell+Biology+%28ASCB+2011%29&rft.atitle=Asymmetric+Expression%2F+Distribution+of+Connexins+is+Essential+for+Contractile+Function+in+the+Mammary+Gland&rft.au=Mroue%2C+R%3BBissell%2C+M&rft.aulast=Mroue&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2011-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Cell+Biology+%28ASCB+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ascb.org/files/Past-AM-Meetings/2011ASCBFullProgram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Angular Morphomechanics in the Establishment of Multicellular Architecture T2 - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB 2011) AN - 1312991808; 6114655 JF - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB 2011) AU - Tanner, Kandice Y1 - 2011/12/03/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Dec 03 KW - Genetics KW - Cytology KW - Cell biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312991808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Cell+Biology+%28ASCB+2011%29&rft.atitle=Angular+Morphomechanics+in+the+Establishment+of+Multicellular+Architecture&rft.au=Tanner%2C+Kandice&rft.aulast=Tanner&rft.aufirst=Kandice&rft.date=2011-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Cell+Biology+%28ASCB+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ascb.org/files/Past-AM-Meetings/2011ASCBFullProgram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using surface remote sensors to derive radiative characteristics of Mixed-Phase Clouds: an example from M-PACE AN - 920804173; 16163245 AB - Measurements from ground-based cloud radar, high spectral resolution lidar and microwave radiometer are used in conjunction with a column version of the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model (RRTMG) and radiosonde measurements to derive the surface radiative properties under mixed-phase cloud conditions. These clouds were observed during the United States Department of Energy (US DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Mixed-Phase Arctic Clouds Experiment (M-PACE) between September and November of 2004. In total, sixteen half hour time periods are reviewed due to their coincidence with radiosonde launches. Cloud liquid (ice) water paths are found to range between 11.0-366.4 (0.5-114.1) gm super(-2), and cloud physical thicknesses fall between 286-2075 m. Combined with temperature and hydrometeor size estimates, this information is used to calculate surface radiative flux densities using RRTMG, which are demonstrated to generally agree with measured flux densities from surface-based radiometric instrumentation. Errors in longwave flux density estimates are found to be largest for thin clouds, while shortwave flux density errors are generally largest for thicker clouds. A sensitivity study is performed to understand the impact of retrieval assumptions and uncertainties on derived surface radiation estimates. Cloud radiative forcing is calculated for all profiles, illustrating longwave dominance during this time of year, with net cloud forcing generally between 50 and 90 Wm super(-2). JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - de Boer, G AU - Collins, W D AU - Menon, S AU - Long, C N AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2011/12/02/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Dec 02 SP - 11937 EP - 11949 PB - European Geophysical Society, Max-Planck-Str. 13 Katlenburg-Lindau Germany VL - 11 IS - 23 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Instrumentation KW - Microwaves KW - Radiative forcing KW - Radiation KW - Radiosondes KW - Arctic KW - Density KW - Atmospheric radiation measurements KW - Errors KW - Microwave radiometers KW - PN, Arctic KW - Clouds KW - Radiative transfer models KW - USA KW - Hydrometeors KW - Radar KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Arctic clouds KW - Hydrometeor instruments KW - Downward long wave radiation KW - Radiative transfer KW - Fluctuations KW - LIDAR KW - M2 551.521:Radiation (551.521) KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - Q2 09146:TSD distribution, water masses and circulation KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/920804173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.atitle=Using+surface+remote+sensors+to+derive+radiative+characteristics+of+Mixed-Phase+Clouds%3A+an+example+from+M-PACE&rft.au=de+Boer%2C+G%3BCollins%2C+W+D%3BMenon%2C+S%3BLong%2C+C+N&rft.aulast=de+Boer&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2011-12-02&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=11937&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.issn=16807316&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Hydrometeors; Atmospheric chemistry; Atmospheric forcing; Downward long wave radiation; Radiosondes; Radiative transfer; LIDAR; Microwave radiometers; Radiative transfer models; Radiative forcing; Radiation; Atmospheric radiation measurements; Radar; Arctic clouds; Hydrometeor instruments; Microwaves; Instrumentation; Density; Errors; Arctic; Fluctuations; PN, Arctic; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating sensitivity of complex electrical methods for monitoring CO (sub 2) intrusion into a shallow groundwater system and associated geochemical transformations AN - 959100031; 2012-035997 AB - A risk factor of CO2 storage in deep geological formations includes its potential to leak into shallow formations and impact groundwater geochemistry and quality. In particular, CO2 decreases groundwater pH, which can potentially mobilize naturally occurring trace metals and ions commonly absorbed to or contained in sediments. Here, geophysical studies (primarily complex electrical method) are being carried out at both laboratory and field scales to evaluate the sensitivity of geophysical methods for monitoring dissolved CO2 distribution and geochemical transformations that may impact water quality. Our research is performed in association with a field test that is exploring the effects of dissolved CO2 intrusion on groundwater geochemistry. Laboratory experiments using site sediments (silica sand and some fraction of clay minerals) and groundwater were initially conducted under field relevant CO2 partial pressures (pCO2). A significant pH drop was observed with inline sensors with concurrent changes in fluid conductivity caused by CO2 dissolution. Electrical resistivity and electrical phase responses correlated well with the CO2 dissolution process at various pCO2. Specifically, resistivity decreased initially at low pCO2 condition resulting from CO2 dissolution followed by a slight rebound because of the transition of bicarbonate into non-dissociated carbonic acid at lower pH slightly reducing the total concentration of dissociated species. Continuous electrical phase decreases were also observed, which are interpreted to be driven by the decrease of surface charge density (due to the decrease of pH, which approaches the PZC of the sediments). In general, laboratory experiments revealed the sensitivity of electrical signals to CO2 intrusion into groundwater formations and can be used to guide field data interpretation. Cross well complex electrical data are currently being collected periodically throughout a field experiment involving the controlled release of dissolved CO2 into groundwater. The objective of the geophysical cross well monitoring effort is to evaluate the sensitivity of complex electrical methods to dissolved CO2 at the field scale. Here, we report on the ability to translate laboratory-based petrophysical information from lab to field scales, and on the potential of field complex electrical methods for remotely monitoring CO2-induced geochemical transformations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dafflon, B AU - Wu, Y AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Daley, T M AU - Pugh, J D AU - Peterson, J AU - Trautz, R C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract GC41E EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - carbon sequestration KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - resistivity KW - ions KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - dissolved materials KW - carbon KW - shallow aquifers KW - trace metals KW - chemical composition KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/959100031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluating+sensitivity+of+complex+electrical+methods+for+monitoring+CO+%28sub+2%29+intrusion+into+a+shallow+groundwater+system+and+associated+geochemical+transformations&rft.au=Dafflon%2C+B%3BWu%2C+Y%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BPugh%2C+J+D%3BPeterson%2C+J%3BTrautz%2C+R+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dafflon&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.agu.org/cgi-bin/SFgate/SFgate?language=English&verbose=0&listenv=table&application=fm11&convert=&converthl=&refinequery=&formintern=&formextern=&transquery=an%3dgc41e&_lines=&multiple=0&descriptor=%2fdata%2fepubs%2fwais%2findexes%2ffm11%2ffm11%7c1000%7c4976%7cEvaluating%20sensitivity%20of%20complex%20electrical%20methods%20for%20monitoring%20CO2%20intrusion%20into%20a%20shallow%20groundwater%20system%20and%20associated%20geochemical%20transformations%7cHTML%7clocalhost:0%7c%2fdata%2fepubs%2fwais%2findexes%2ffm11%2ffm11%7c27377695%2027382671%20%2fdata2%2fepubs%2fwais%2fdata%2ffm11%2ffm11.txt LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical composition; dissolved materials; electrical methods; geophysical methods; hydrology; ions; pH; resistivity; shallow aquifers; trace metals; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Projecting long-run socioeconomic and demographic trends in California under the SRES A2 and B1 scenarios AN - 954647484; 16389676 AB - The State of California is developing and implementing a new generation of environmental policies to transition to a low-carbon economy and energy system in order to reduce the risks of future damages from global climate change. At the same time, it is increasingly clear that climate change impacts are already occurring and that further effects cannot be completely avoided. Thus, anticipating and planning for emerging and potential future climate change impacts in California must complement the state's greenhouse gas mitigation efforts. These impacts will depend substantially on the future evolution of the state's social structure and economy. To support impact studies, this report describes socioeconomic storylines and key scenario elements for California that are broadly consistent with the global "A2" and "B1" storylines in the 2000 Special Report on Emissions Scenarios of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, including qualitative socioeconomic context as well as quantitative projections of key variables such as population, urbanization patterns, economic growth, and electricity prices. JF - Climatic Change AU - Sanstad, Alan H AU - Johnson, Hans AU - Goldstein, Noah AU - Franco, Guido AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, #1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, ahsanstad@lbl.gov Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - 21 EP - 42 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 109 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Urbanization KW - Climate change KW - Socioeconomics KW - economic growth KW - Greenhouse effect KW - social conditions KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - Electricity KW - Environmental factors KW - risk reduction KW - Growth KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - Regional planning KW - USA, California KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Environment management KW - Future climates KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - Q2 09406:Energy from the sea KW - R2 23070:Economics, organization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954647484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Projecting+long-run+socioeconomic+and+demographic+trends+in+California+under+the+SRES+A2+and+B1+scenarios&rft.au=Sanstad%2C+Alan+H%3BJohnson%2C+Hans%3BGoldstein%2C+Noah%3BFranco%2C+Guido&rft.aulast=Sanstad&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-011-0296-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth; Urbanization; Climate change; Regional planning; Greenhouse effect; Electricity; Environment management; Environmental factors; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Greenhouse gases; Future climates; risk reduction; Economics; Emissions; Socioeconomics; economic growth; social conditions; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0296-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Projections of Future Drought in the Continental United States and Mexico AN - 923198640; 16303507 AB - Using the Palmer drought severity index, the ability of 19 state-of-the-art climate models to reproduce observed statistics of drought over North America is examined. It is found that correction of substantial biases in the models' surface air temperature and precipitation fields is necessary. However, even after a bias correction, there are significant differences in the models' ability to reproduce observations. Using metrics based on the ability to reproduce observed temporal and spatial patterns of drought, the relationship between model performance in simulating present-day drought characteristics and their differences in projections of future drought changes is investigated. It is found that all models project increases in future drought frequency and severity. However, using the metrics presented here to increase confidence in the multimodel projection is complicated by a correlation between models' drought metric skill and climate sensitivity. The effect of this sampling error can be removed by changing how the projection is presented, from a projection based on a specific time interval to a projection based on a specified temperature change. This modified class of projections has reduced intermodel uncertainty and could be suitable for a wide range of climate change impacts projections. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Wehner, Michael AU - Easterling, David R AU - Lawrimore, Jay H AU - Heim, Richard R, Jr AU - Vose, Russell S AU - Santer, Benjamin D AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - 1359 EP - 1377 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 12 IS - 6 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Drought frequencies KW - Statistics KW - Climate change KW - Statistical analysis KW - Drought characteristics KW - Drought KW - Air temperature KW - Sampling KW - Droughts KW - Abiotic factors KW - Temperature changes KW - Temperature effects KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Precipitation KW - Projections KW - Model Studies KW - Hydrometeorology KW - USA KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - Mexico KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/923198640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Projections+of+Future+Drought+in+the+Continental+United+States+and+Mexico&rft.au=Wehner%2C+Michael%3BEasterling%2C+David+R%3BLawrimore%2C+Jay+H%3BHeim%2C+Richard+R%2C+Jr%3BVose%2C+Russell+S%3BSanter%2C+Benjamin+D&rft.aulast=Wehner&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2011JHM1351.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Climate change; Droughts; Air temperature; Abiotic factors; Temperature changes; Hydrometeorological research; Drought frequencies; Climate models; Statistical analysis; Drought characteristics; Precipitation; Drought; Hydrometeorology; Statistics; Climates; Sampling; Projections; Model Studies; USA; Mexico DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011JHM1351.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental study of the dehydration of 10-Aa phase, with implications for its H (sub 2) O content and stability in subducted lithosphere AN - 921716526; 2012-022588 AB - The 10-Aa phase (TAP) is a hydrous magnesium silicate that forms from the reaction of talc with H (sub 2) O at high pressures. Its high-pressure, low-temperature stability means that it could be a storage site for H (sub 2) O in subduction zones. We have determined the position of the TAP dehydration reaction, TAP = enstatite + coesite + H (sub 2) O, in phase-equilibrium experiments from 5.0 to 7.1 GPa. Because previous studies had suggested that the composition of TAP is a function of synthesis duration, we used a TAP sample that was synthesised for 392 h. Over the pressure interval of our experiments, the dehydration reaction is isothermal, occurring at a temperature of nearly equal 690 degrees C. It is coincident, within experimental uncertainty, with the position of the dehydration reaction of TAP synthesised in short experiments (up to 46 h). Above 7.5 GPa, TAP breaks down to enstatite + stishovite + H (sub 2) O. This reaction has a negative dP/dT and terminates at an invariant point involving the 3.65-Aa phase at nearly equal 9.5 GPa, 500 degrees C. The zero volume change implied by the isothermal reaction TAP = enstatite + coesite + H (sub 2) O was used to calculate the interlayer H (sub 2) O content of TAP along the reaction. A best-fit H (sub 2) O content of 1 H (sub 2) O pfu was obtained. This H (sub 2) O content is independent of TAP synthesis conditions, suggesting that variations in previously measured H (sub 2) O contents of TAP occur during quenching and decompression of the samples. The stability of TAP in the Earth is probably limited to cold subduction zones, but in these, it could persist to 300 km depth. Copyright 2011 Springer-Verlag JF - Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology AU - Pawley, Alison R AU - Chinnery, Nicholas J AU - Clark, Simon M AU - Walter, Michael J Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - 1279 EP - 1289 PB - Springer International, Heidelberg - New York VL - 162 IS - 6 SN - 0010-7999, 0010-7999 KW - silicates KW - magnesian silicates KW - subduction zones KW - stability KW - temperature KW - pyroxene group KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - talc KW - water content KW - enstatite KW - P-T conditions KW - chain silicates KW - experimental studies KW - petrology KW - pressure KW - lithosphere KW - subduction KW - high pressure KW - plate tectonics KW - sheet silicates KW - orthopyroxene KW - dehydration KW - SEM data KW - high temperature KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/921716526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.atitle=Experimental+study+of+the+dehydration+of+10-Aa+phase%2C+with+implications+for+its+H+%28sub+2%29+O+content+and+stability+in+subducted+lithosphere&rft.au=Pawley%2C+Alison+R%3BChinnery%2C+Nicholas+J%3BClark%2C+Simon+M%3BWalter%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Pawley&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.issn=00107999&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00410-011-0653-0 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(zmx2wiu4y01pcgigj5i3jxf5)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100406,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMPEAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chain silicates; chemical reactions; dehydration; enstatite; experimental studies; high pressure; high temperature; lithosphere; magnesian silicates; mineral composition; orthopyroxene; P-T conditions; petrology; phase equilibria; plate tectonics; pressure; pyroxene group; SEM data; sheet silicates; silicates; stability; subduction; subduction zones; talc; temperature; water content; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-011-0653-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A time-convolution approach for modeling heat exchange between a wellbore and surrounding formation AN - 921716229; 2012-024349 AB - In oil, gas, and geothermal energy production, as well as geological CO (sub 2) storage, the target formation is typically deeper than 1000 meters. As a result, associated wellbores have a large heat exchange area with the surrounding formation. Large gradients and temporal variations in temperature induced by the injection and production of fluids require accurate and efficient ways to calculate the heat exchange between fluids in the wellbore and the formation. One way to calculate this heat exchange is to fully discretize and numerically model the formation that surrounds the wellbore. However, because only the energy equation needs to be solved (i.e., there is no fluid exchange between the cased wellbore and the formation), this approach is computationally inefficient. In this work, we propose a time-convolution method, where only the wellbore is fully discretized, and heat exchange between fluids in the wellbore and the formation is calculated using semi-analytical solutions of radial conductive heat flow. The time-dependent temperature evolution in the wellbore is calculated numerically using a wellbore simulator for non-isothermal, multiphase fluid mixtures. At each time step, radial heat transfer with the formation is calculated by superposition of analytical solutions of heat flow that are dependent on the temperature differences between subsequent time steps. This coupling scheme is implemented in the TOUGH2 suite of reservoir simulators. To verify the proposed semi-analytical method and demonstrate its applicability, we present examples and compare them to full numerical solutions. JF - Geothermics AU - Zhang, Yingqi AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Finsterle, Stephan Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - 261 EP - 266 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - mathematical models KW - enhanced recovery KW - fluid dynamics KW - production KW - porosity KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - gas injection KW - formation evaluation KW - heat flow KW - cap rocks KW - heat transfer KW - reservoir properties KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/921716229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=A+time-convolution+approach+for+modeling+heat+exchange+between+a+wellbore+and+surrounding+formation&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yingqi%3BPan%2C+Lehua%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BFinsterle%2C+Stephan&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yingqi&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2011.08.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cap rocks; carbon sequestration; computer programs; enhanced recovery; fluid dynamics; formation evaluation; gas injection; geothermal energy; heat flow; heat transfer; mathematical models; numerical models; permeability; porosity; production; reservoir properties; TOUGH2 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2011.08.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-Dimensional Visualization of Bioactive Glass-Bone Integration in a Rabbit Tibia Model Using Synchrotron X-Ray Microcomputed Tomography AN - 918065732; 16155284 AB - Synchrotron X-ray microcomputed tomography (SR microCT), with a micron resolution, was used to evaluate the osteoconduction and osteointegration by borate bioactive glass after implantation 12 weeks in a rabbit tibia model. The study focused on the biomaterial-bone interface. Results from SR microCT two-dimensional and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions provided precise imaging of the biomaterial-bone integration and detailed microarchitecture of both the bone-like glass graft and the newly formed trabecular bone. Osteoconduction, the formation of new trabecular bone within a tibia defect, occurred only in the tibiae implanted with teicoplanin-loaded borate glass but not in those with teicoplanin-loaded CaSO sub(4) beads, indicating the excellent biocompatibility of the glass implants. 3D reconstruction of the tibiae also showed the infiltration of vascular tissue in both the bioactive glass graft and the new trabecular bone. This study indicates that SR microCT can serve as a valuable complementary technique for imaging bone repair when using bioactive glass implants. JF - Tissue Engineering, Part A: Tissue Engineering AU - Fu, Q AU - Huang, W AU - Jia, W AU - Rahaman, M N AU - Liu, X AU - Tomsia AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, qfu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - Dec 2011 SP - 3077 EP - 3084 VL - 17 IS - 23-24 SN - 1937-3341, 1937-3341 KW - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biocompatibility KW - Reconstruction KW - Bone grafts KW - Tissue engineering KW - imaging KW - Osteoconduction KW - Models KW - Bone (trabecular) KW - Bone healing KW - Tibia KW - Bone imaging KW - osteointegration KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Computed tomography KW - Bone implants KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering KW - T 2025:Bone and Bone Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918065732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tissue+Engineering%2C+Part+A%3A+Tissue+Engineering&rft.atitle=Three-Dimensional+Visualization+of+Bioactive+Glass-Bone+Integration+in+a+Rabbit+Tibia+Model+Using+Synchrotron+X-Ray+Microcomputed+Tomography&rft.au=Fu%2C+Q%3BHuang%2C+W%3BJia%2C+W%3BRahaman%2C+M+N%3BLiu%2C+X%3BTomsia&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=23-24&rft.spage=3077&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tissue+Engineering%2C+Part+A%3A+Tissue+Engineering&rft.issn=19373341&rft_id=info:doi/10.1089%2Ften.tea.2011.0068 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biocompatibility; Reconstruction; Bone grafts; Tissue engineering; imaging; Bone (trabecular); Models; Osteoconduction; Tibia; Bone healing; Bone imaging; Ionizing radiation; osteointegration; Computed tomography; Bone implants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0068 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A hybrid method for UXO vs non-UXO discrimination AN - 916841933; 2012-016399 AB - Remediation of sites contaminated by unexploded ordnance is complicated by the problem of discriminating between buried conductors that are intact munitions and those that are harmless scrap metal. Here we present two distinct approaches of object discrimination, both of which rely on training data in the form of polarizability curves. These curves show remarkable similarity for same-type objects over a broad range of depths and attitudes, but marked differences when comparing curves from different object types. The first method, called the "voting scheme," compares field data polarizabilities against templates in a series of cross validations. The second method applies Bayesian statistics on features extracted from the polarizabilities. Here the methods are applied to a 346 element dataset. The voting scheme misclassified fewer UXO objects, but at a cost of more false digs. A hybrid technique combining both methods generates an ordered dig list that ensures efficient use of cleanup resources. For the dataset considered here, the hybrid method identifies over 80% of UXO before the first hole containing scrap metal is dug, with only 7 false digs before all 219 UXO are excavated. JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Kappler, Karl N AU - Gasperikova, Erika Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - 177 EP - 189 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, CO VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - United States KW - toxic materials KW - discriminant analysis KW - Yuma Proving Ground Arizona KW - Bayesian analysis KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - unexploded ordnance KW - remediation KW - La Paz County Arizona KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - Yuma County Arizona KW - classification KW - Arizona KW - military facilities KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/916841933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=A+hybrid+method+for+UXO+vs+non-UXO+discrimination&rft.au=Kappler%2C+Karl+N%3BGasperikova%2C+Erika&rft.aulast=Kappler&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/10.2113%2FJEEG16.4.191 L2 - http://jeeg.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Environmental & Engineering Geophysical Society | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arizona; Bayesian analysis; classification; discriminant analysis; heavy metals; La Paz County Arizona; metals; military facilities; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil pollution; statistical analysis; toxic materials; unexploded ordnance; United States; Yuma County Arizona; Yuma Proving Ground Arizona DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/JEEG16.4.191 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reactive-transport model for weathering rind formation on basalt AN - 916841062; 2012-014314 AB - Saprolite formation rates influence many important geological and environmental issues ranging from agricultural productivity to landscape evolution. Here we investigate the chemical and physical transformations that occur during weathering by studying small-scale "saprolites" in the form of weathering rinds, which form on rock in soil or saprolite and grow in thickness without physical disturbance with time. We compare detailed observations of weathered basalt clasts from a chronosequence of alluvial terraces in Costa Rica to diffusion-reaction simulations of rind formation using the fully coupled reactive transport model CrunchFlow. The four characteristic features of the weathered basalts which were specifically used as criteria for model comparisons include (1) the mineralogy of weathering products, (2) weathering rind thickness, (3) the coincidence of plagioclase and augite reaction fronts, and (4) the thickness of the zones of mineral reaction, i.e. reaction fronts. Four model scenarios were completed with varying levels of complexity and degrees of success in matching the observations. To fit the model to all four criteria, however, it was necessary to (1) treat diffusivity using a threshold in which it increased once porosity exceeded a critical value of 9%, and (2) treat mineral surface area as a fitting factor. This latter approach was presumably necessary because the mineral-water surface area of the connected (accessible) porosity in the Costa Rica samples is much less than the total porosity (Navarre-Sitchler et al., 2009). The model-fit surface area, here termed reacting surface area, was much smaller than the BET-measured surface area determined for powdered basaltic material. In the parent basalt, reacting surface area and diffusivity are low due to low pore connectivity, and early weathering is therefore transport controlled. However, as pore connectivity increases as a result of weathering, the reacting surface area and diffusivity also increase and weathering becomes controlled by mineral reaction kinetics. The transition point between transport and kinetic control appears to be related to a critical porosity (9%) at which pore connectivity is high enough to allow rapid transport. Based on these simulations, we argue that the rate of weathering front advance is controlled by the rate at which porosity is created in the weathering interface, and that this porosity increases because of mineral dissolution following a rate that is largely surface-reaction controlled. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Sak, Peter B AU - Brantley, Susan L Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - 7644 EP - 7667 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 75 IS - 23 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - solute transport KW - volcanic rocks KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - igneous rocks KW - Costa Rica KW - terraces KW - electron probe data KW - reactivity KW - mineral composition KW - errors KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - basalts KW - sediments KW - lithogeochemistry KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - diffusivity KW - chemical weathering KW - secondary minerals KW - clastic sediments KW - landform evolution KW - statistical analysis KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - models KW - saprolite KW - ion chromatograms KW - chromatograms KW - mathematical methods KW - alluvium KW - mobilization KW - geomorphology KW - Central America KW - SEM data KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/916841062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=A+reactive-transport+model+for+weathering+rind+formation+on+basalt&rft.au=Navarre-Sitchler%2C+Alexis%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BSak%2C+Peter+B%3BBrantley%2C+Susan+L&rft.aulast=Navarre-Sitchler&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=7644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2011.09.033 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 107 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium; basalts; Central America; chemical composition; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; chromatograms; clastic sediments; Costa Rica; diffusivity; electron probe data; errors; geochemistry; geomorphology; igneous rocks; ion chromatograms; kinetics; landform evolution; lithogeochemistry; mathematical methods; mineral composition; mobilization; models; porosity; reactivity; saprolite; secondary minerals; sediments; SEM data; solute transport; statistical analysis; terraces; transport; volcanic rocks; weathering; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.09.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the effects of x-ray irradiation on the hierarchical structure and mechanical properties of human cortical bone AN - 902368120; 15763833 AB - Bone comprises a complex structure of primarily collagen, hydroxyapatite and water, where each hierarchical structural level contributes to its strength, ductility and toughness. These properties, however, are degraded by irradiation, arising from medical therapy or bone-allograft sterilization. We provide here a mechanistic framework for how irradiation affects the nature and properties of human cortical bone over a range of characteristic (nano to macro) length-scales, following x-ray exposures up to 630 kGy. Macroscopically, bone strength, ductility and fracture resistance are seen to be progressively degraded with increasing irradiation levels. At the micron-scale, fracture properties, evaluated using insitu scanning electron microscopy and synchrotron x-ray computed micro-tomography, provide mechanistic information on how cracks interact with the bone-matrix structure. At sub-micron scales, strength properties are evaluated with insitu tensile tests in the synchrotron using small-/wide-angle x-ray scattering/diffraction, where strains are simultaneously measured in the macroscopic tissue, collagen fibrils and mineral. Compared to healthy bone, results show that the fibrillar strain is decreased by a arrow right 440% following 70 kGy exposures, consistent with significant stiffening and degradation of the collagen. We attribute the irradiation-induced deterioration in mechanical properties to mechanisms at multiple length-scales, including changes in crack paths at micron-scales, loss of plasticity from suppressed fibrillar sliding at sub-micron scales, and the loss and damage of collagen at the nano-scales, the latter being assessed using Raman and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and a fluorometric assay. JF - Biomaterials AU - Barth, Holly D AU - Zimmermann, Elizabeth A AU - Schaible, Eric AU - Tang, Simon Y AU - Alliston, Tamara AU - Ritchie, Robert O Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - Dec 2011 SP - 8892 EP - 8904 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 32 IS - 34 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Human cortical bone KW - Deformation KW - Toughness KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Tomography KW - Collagen KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Fractures KW - Plasticity KW - Bone strength KW - Sterilization KW - Hydroxyapatite KW - I.R. spectroscopy KW - Bone (cortical) KW - Ionizing radiation KW - X-ray scattering KW - Diffraction KW - Minerals KW - Fibrils KW - Mechanical properties KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering KW - T 2025:Bone and Bone Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902368120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+effects+of+x-ray+irradiation+on+the+hierarchical+structure+and+mechanical+properties+of+human+cortical+bone&rft.au=Barth%2C+Holly+D%3BZimmermann%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BSchaible%2C+Eric%3BTang%2C+Simon+Y%3BAlliston%2C+Tamara%3BRitchie%2C+Robert+O&rft.aulast=Barth&rft.aufirst=Holly&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=34&rft.spage=8892&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2011.08.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Scanning electron microscopy; Fractures; Plasticity; Bone strength; Sterilization; Collagen; Hydroxyapatite; I.R. spectroscopy; Ionizing radiation; Bone (cortical); X-ray scattering; Diffraction; Minerals; Fibrils; Mechanical properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.08.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and reactivity of the uraninite (111) surface AN - 1844921473; 2016-099531 AB - Corrosion of uraninite (UO2)--a surface-mediated process--is fundamental in controlling uranium contamination and mobility in the environment, the performance of nuclear power systems, and the stability of nuclear waste. The structure of hydrated uraninite-water interfaces under pristine and oxidized conditions is seminally important to uraninite corrosion, and thus to nuclear and environmental chemistry. Until now, UO2 surface studies have been limited to vacuum-based techniques, generally conducted at elevated temperatures. UO2 surfaces have not previously been studied in the presence of liquid water. The crystal truncation rod (CTR) X-ray diffraction method is ideally suited to such measurements, as it specifically probes structures at two-dimensional interfaces. The (111) surface structure of single-crystal synthetic UO2 has been measured under both dry and hydrated conditions. Even during nominally anaerobic handling, a nanometer-dimensioned layer of UO2+x can form, which is structurally commensurate with the underlying UO2. This overlayer can be partially dissolved by exposure to liquid water, consistent with the relatively high solubility of oxidized uranium. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Stubbs, J AU - Eng, P J AU - Waychunas, G A AU - Bargar, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract V23C EP - 2585 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - corrosion KW - oxidation KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - mineral-water interface KW - power plants KW - solubility KW - radioactive waste KW - hydration KW - nuclear energy KW - metals KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - uraninite KW - actinides KW - mineral surface KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844921473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Structure+and+reactivity+of+the+uraninite+%28111%29+surface&rft.au=Stubbs%2C+J%3BEng%2C+P+J%3BWaychunas%2C+G+A%3BBargar%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stubbs&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; anaerobic environment; corrosion; hydration; metals; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; nuclear energy; oxidation; oxides; pollution; power plants; radioactive waste; solubility; solutes; uraninite; uranium; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soiling of building envelope surfaces and its effect on solar reflectance-Part I: Analysis of roofing product databases AN - 1777170646; 16000151 AB - The use of highly reflective 'cool' roofing materials can decrease demand for air conditioning, mitigate the urban heat island effect, and potentially slow global warming. However, initially high roof solar reflectance can be degraded by natural soiling and weathering processes. We evaluated solar reflectance losses after three years of natural exposure reported in two separate databases: the Rated Products Directory of the US Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC) and information reported by manufacturers to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s ENERGY STAR super( registered ) rating program. Many product ratings were culled because they were duplicative (within a database) or not measured. A second, site-resolved version of the CRRC dataset was created by transcribing from paper records the site-specific measurements of aged solar reflectance in Florida, Arizona and Ohio. Products with high initial solar reflectance tended to lose reflectance, while those with very low initial solar reflectance tended to become more reflective as they aged. Within the site-resolved CRRC database, absolute solar reflectance losses for samples of medium-to-high initial solar reflectance were 2-3 times greater in Florida (hot and humid) than in Arizona (hot and dry); losses in Ohio (temperate but polluted) were intermediate. Disaggregating results by product type-factory-applied coating, field-applied coating, metal, modified bitumen, shingle, single-ply membrane and tile-revealed that absolute solar reflectance losses were largest for field-applied coating, modified bitumen and single-ply membrane products, and smallest for factory-applied coating and metal products. The 2008 Title 24 provisional aged solar reflectance formula overpredicts the measured aged solar reflectance of 0-30% of each product type in the culled public CRRC database. The rate of overprediction was greatest for field-applied coating and single-ply membrane products and least for factory-applied coating, shingle, and metal products. New product-specific formulas of the form rho sub(a)'=0.20+ beta ( rho sub(i)-0.20) can be used to estimate provisional aged solar reflectance rho sub(a)' from initial solar reflectance rho sub(i) pending measurement of aged solar reflectance. The appropriate value of soiling resistance beta varies by product type and is selected to attain some desired overprediction rate for the formula. The correlations for shingle products presented in this paper should not be used to predict aged solar reflectance or estimate provisional aged solar reflectance because the data set is too small and too limited in range of initial solar reflectance. JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells AU - Sleiman, Mohamad AU - Ban-Weiss, George AU - Gilbert, Haley E AU - Francois, David AU - Berdahl, Paul AU - Kirchstetter, Thomas W AU - Destaillats, Hugo AU - Levinson, Ronnen AD - Heat Island Group, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - 3385 EP - 3399 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 95 IS - 12 SN - 0927-0248, 0927-0248 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Cool roof KW - Solar reflectance KW - Soiling KW - Weathering KW - California Title 24 KW - Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC) KW - Estimates KW - Databases KW - Coating KW - Reflectance KW - Membranes KW - Reflectivity KW - Ratings KW - Bitumens UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777170646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Solar+Energy+Materials+and+Solar+Cells&rft.atitle=Soiling+of+building+envelope+surfaces+and+its+effect+on+solar+reflectance-Part+I%3A+Analysis+of+roofing+product+databases&rft.au=Sleiman%2C+Mohamad%3BBan-Weiss%2C+George%3BGilbert%2C+Haley+E%3BFrancois%2C+David%3BBerdahl%2C+Paul%3BKirchstetter%2C+Thomas+W%3BDestaillats%2C+Hugo%3BLevinson%2C+Ronnen&rft.aulast=Sleiman&rft.aufirst=Mohamad&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Solar+Energy+Materials+and+Solar+Cells&rft.issn=09270248&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.solmat.2011.08.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2011.08.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated thermal management strategy and materials for solid oxide fuel cells AN - 1777113002; 15795440 AB - The application of positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors to thermal management of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is considered. A strategy is proposed for eliminating hotspots and reducing temperature gradients in SOFCs via inclusion of a material that exhibits a dramatic change in resistance near the desired maximum cell temperature. Three PTC thermistor materials with transition temperatures near the maximum desirable SOFC operating temperature are identified and screened for compatibility with common SOFC materials. All are found to be unsuitable because of reaction with the SOFC materials or unacceptably small PTC effect. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Tucker, Michael C AU - Cheng, Lei AD - Environmental Energy Technology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, United States mctucker@lbl.gov Y1 - 2011/12/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Dec 01 SP - 10074 EP - 10078 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 196 IS - 23 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Thermal management KW - Hotspot KW - SOFC KW - Temperature distribution KW - PTC KW - Thermistors KW - Positive temperature coefficient KW - Strategy KW - Operating temperature KW - Solid oxide fuel cells KW - Transition temperature KW - Temperature gradient UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777113002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Integrated+thermal+management+strategy+and+materials+for+solid+oxide+fuel+cells&rft.au=Tucker%2C+Michael+C%3BCheng%2C+Lei&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=196&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=10074&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2011.08.100 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.08.100 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Injection of supercritical CO (sub 2) into deep saline carbonate formations; predictions from geochemical modeling AN - 1637533592; 2014-103223 AB - Modeling of supercritical CO (sub 2) injection into a deep saline carbonate formation (calcite and dolomite with minor anhydrite) was performed using TOUGHREACT (Xu et al. 2006) with Pitzer ion-interaction-model implementation for handling high-salinity problems (Zhang et al. 2006). The formation-brine salinity is approximately 225,000 ppm (NaCl dominant), the temperature is 102 degrees C, and the pressure is 225 bar. The CO (sub 2) is injected through a horizontal well in a 3D model domain at a constant rate for a period of 1 year. The carbonate formation was assumed to have homogeneous porosity and permeability and to be overlain by an impermeable seal. The effect of a high-permeability fault with orientation perpendicular to the horizontal well and bounded by the impermeable overburden was evaluated. The changes in mineralogy and rock property during the injection have been assessed. The simulation results illustrate that (1) the high-permeability fault acts as a CO (sub 2) conduit; (2) a dry-out zone is developed within a few meters from the injection well because of displacement by supercritical CO (sub 2) and evaporation of water into the CO (sub 2) stream; (3) at the front of the dry-out zone, brine is further concentrated because of water evaporation into the supercritical CO (sub 2) , the pH is lowered from 5.5 to 3.1, halite (NaCl) and anhydrite (CaSO (sub 4) ) precipitate, and the brine becomes CaCl (sub 2) dominant; (4) near-well-bore porosity reduces by approximately 5-17% (1-3 pu) because of halite precipitation in the dry-out zone; (5) HCL gas is generated from the dry-out front; (6) calcite and dolomite dissolve as the CO (sub 2) plume advances during injection; (7) anhydrite, however, slightly dissolves along the CO (sub 2) front but precipitates in the area corresponding to the CO (sub 2) plume, with higher proportions of this mineral precipitated near the wellbore dry-out zone. These findings are valuable for the assessment of injectivity changes and near-wellbore stability of saline aquifers in carbonate formations during injection of CO (sub 2) . The overall mineral trapping in hundreds of years is not the focus of this paper. The method of this study is useful for further evaluation of engineering options to enhance immobile trapping of CO (sub 2) and mitigation measures for potential injectivity impairment. JF - SPE Journal AU - Zhang, Guoxiang AU - Taberner, Conxita AU - Cartwright, Linzey AU - Xu, Tianfu Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - 959 EP - 967 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1086-055X, 1086-055X KW - halides KW - anhydrite KW - petroleum KW - gas storage KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - environmental management KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - chlorides KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - saline composition KW - pH KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - evaporites KW - halite KW - models KW - gas injection KW - evaporation KW - boreholes KW - precipitation KW - sedimentary petrology KW - reservoir properties KW - carbonate rocks KW - permeability KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637533592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SPE+Journal&rft.atitle=Injection+of+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+into+deep+saline+carbonate+formations%3B+predictions+from+geochemical+modeling&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Guoxiang%3BTaberner%2C+Conxita%3BCartwright%2C+Linzey%3BXu%2C+Tianfu&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Guoxiang&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=959&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SPE+Journal&rft.issn=1086055X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2118%2F121272-PA L2 - http://www.spe.org/papers/pubs/SPEjournal.php LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; anhydrite; boreholes; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonate rocks; chemical composition; chemically precipitated rocks; chlorides; environmental management; evaporation; evaporites; gas injection; gas storage; geochemistry; halides; halite; mineral composition; models; numerical models; permeability; petroleum; pH; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; prediction; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; saline composition; sedimentary petrology; sedimentary rocks; simulation; solubility; sulfates; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/121272-PA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carrots and sticks: A comprehensive business model for the successful achievement of energy efficiency resource standards AN - 1151042097; 2011-290426 AB - U.S. utilities face significant financial disincentives under traditional regulation in aggressively pursuing cost-effective energy efficiency. Regulators are considering some combination of mandated goals and alternative utility business model components to align the utility's business and financial interests with state and federal energy efficiency public policy goals. We analyze the financial impacts of an Energy Efficiency Resource Standard on an Arizona electric utility using a pro-forma utility financial model, including impacts on utility earnings, ROE, customer bills and rates. We demonstrate how a viable business model can be designed to improve the business case while retaining sizable benefits for utility customers. [Copyright Elsevier B.V.] JF - Utilities Policy AU - Satchwell, Andrew AU - Cappers, Peter AU - Goldman, Charles AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - 218 EP - 225 PB - Elsevier Ltd, The Netherlands VL - 19 IS - 4 SN - 0957-1787, 0957-1787 KW - Government - Government agencies and bodies KW - Business and service sector - Business and business enterprises KW - Energy resources and policy - Electric power KW - Politics - Politics and policy-making KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence KW - Business KW - Arizona KW - Standards KW - Regulation KW - Electric utilities KW - Public utilities KW - Public policy KW - Benefits KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151042097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Utilities+Policy&rft.atitle=Carrots+and+sticks%3A+A+comprehensive+business+model+for+the+successful+achievement+of+energy+efficiency+resource+standards&rft.au=Satchwell%2C+Andrew%3BCappers%2C+Peter%3BGoldman%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Satchwell&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=218&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Utilities+Policy&rft.issn=09571787&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jup.2011.07.004 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2012-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Public utilities; Business; Standards; Arizona; Benefits; Electric utilities; Public policy; Regulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2011.07.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transient CO2 leakage and injection in wellbore-reservoir systems for geologic carbon sequestration AN - 1017981535; 16721361 AB - At its most basic level, the injection of CO2 into deep reservoirs for geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) involves a system comprising the wellbore and the target reservoir, the wellbore being the only conduit available to emplace the CO2. Wellbores in general have also been identified as the most likely conduit for CO2 and brine leakage from GCS sites, especially those in sedimentary basins with historical hydrocarbon production. We have developed a coupled wellbore and reservoir model for simulating the dynamics of CO2 injection and leakage through wellbores, and we have applied the model to situations relevant to geologic CO2 storage involving upward flow (e.g. leakage) and downward flow (injection). The new simulator integrates a wellbore-reservoir system by assigning the wellbore and reservoir to two different sub-domains in which flow is controlled by appropriate laws of physics. In the reservoir, we model flow using a standard multiphase Darcy flow approach. In the wellbores, we use the drift-flux model and related conservation equations for describing transient two-phase non-isothermal wellbore flow of CO2-water mixtures. Applications to leakage test problems reveal transient flows that develop into quasi-steady states within a day if the reservoir can maintain constant conditions at the wellbore. Otherwise, the leakage dynamics could be much more complicated than the simple quasi-steady-state flow, especially when one of the phases flowing in from the reservoir is near its residual saturation. A test problem of injection into a depleted (low-pressure) gas reservoir shows transient behavior out to several hundred days with sub-critical conditions in the well disappearing after 240 days. ? 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA, lpan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - Dec 2011 SP - 335 EP - 350 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Chemical industry KW - Conservation KW - Geology KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Historical account KW - Leakage KW - Reservoir models KW - Reservoirs KW - Science and technology KW - M2 556.55:Lakes, Reservoirs, Ponds (556.55) KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017981535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Transient+CO2+leakage+and+injection+in+wellbore-reservoir+systems+for+geologic+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Pan%2C+Lehua%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Lehua&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.41 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ghg.41/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reservoir models; Conservation; Greenhouse gases; Science and technology; Reservoirs; Historical account; Carbon sequestration; Leakage; Geology; Carbon dioxide; Chemical industry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.41 ER -