FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Meitzler, T Singh, H AF Meitzler, T Singh, H TI 2-D wavelet image transforms extended to 3-D with applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB Mallet and Zhong [1] have derived some elegant results on 1-D and 2-D wavelet transforms, The objective here is to extend 2-D results of Mallet and Zhong to 3-D. Illustrated here is how these results can be applied to the feature analysis of 2-D images with time t as the third dimension. An algorithm for extending 2-D to 3-D wavelets is presented. C1 USA, TACOM, AMSTA TR R, TARDEC,Survivabil Technol Ctr, Warren, MI 48397 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48092 USA. RP Meitzler, T (reprint author), USA, TACOM, AMSTA TR R, TARDEC,Survivabil Technol Ctr, MS 263, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RI Meitzler, Thomas/D-1065-2017 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 34 IS 3 BP 963 EP 967 DI 10.1109/7.705902 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 106DA UT WOS:000075113400024 ER PT J AU Meitzler, T Gerhart, G Singh, H AF Meitzler, T Gerhart, G Singh, H TI A relative clutter metric SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB Clutter plays a very important role in the area of machine and human-in-the-loop target acquisition. A great deal of interest has recently been shown in assessing several different definitions of clutter. In spite of so many definitions available, no single clutter definition has been agreed on by the infrared community as being the best. We develop a new clutter metric, called relative clutter, which is based on factor analysis which is extensively used for statistical analysis. This relative clutter combines many definitions of clutter. Different methods for calculating the relative clutter based on the magnitude of the eigenvalues obtained from the correlation matrix are suggested. The relative clutter of many images is analyzed. C1 USA, TARDEC, TACOM, AMSTA TR R, Warren, MI 48397 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48092 USA. RP Meitzler, T (reprint author), USA, TARDEC, TACOM, AMSTA TR R, MS 263, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RI Meitzler, Thomas/D-1065-2017 NR 10 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 34 IS 3 BP 968 EP 976 DI 10.1109/7.705903 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 106DA UT WOS:000075113400025 ER PT J AU Chen, CJ Choi, KK Chang, WH Tsui, DC AF Chen, CJ Choi, KK Chang, WH Tsui, DC TI Corrugated quantum well infrared photodetectors with polyimide planarization for detector array applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE corrugated-QWIP (C-QWIP); optical coupling scheme; planarization; quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) AB Recently, we have demonstrated a new light coupling scheme for quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIP), The new detector structure, referred to as corrugated QWIP (C-QWIP), is created by chemically etching linear V-grooves through the detector active region. In this structure, normal incident light is directed into the detector active region through total internal reflection, with which the optical absorption of the material is increased. However, the exposed active layers have to be insulated by a dielectric material before the top metal contact can be deposited for bonding purpose. In this paper, we describe a multilayer planarization scheme using a polyimide dielectric, which is developed specifically for this detector geometry, and report the resulting detector performance. The photoresponse of the detector with linear V-grooves pattern is found to be a factor of 1.6 larger than that of a regular edge coupled detector when they are normalized to the same dark current level. No wavelength or size dependence is observed using this coupling scheme,for detector sizes ranging from 50 x 50 mu m(2) to 500 x 500 mu m(2). With these two coupling characteristics, a C-QWIP behaves as a detector with normal incident absorption, a feature that will greatly improve the manufacturability of detector arrays and can be expected to lead to widespread applications of the QWIP technology. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chen, CJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD JUL PY 1998 VL 45 IS 7 BP 1431 EP 1437 DI 10.1109/16.701472 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA ZV815 UT WOS:000074344100007 ER PT J AU Vatannia, S Schiano, JL Gildenblat, G Ginsberg, MD AF Vatannia, S Schiano, JL Gildenblat, G Ginsberg, MD TI Resonant tunneling displacement transducer SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE micromachined arcelerometer; resonant tunneling; tunneling accelerometer ID TRANSFER-MATRIX; FORCE AB We propose a new type of a tunneling displacement transducer, An electron energy filter quantum mechanically coupled to a conventional tunneling gap results in an improved ruggedness by enabling at least an order of magnitude increase in gap separation. This is achieved simultaneously with an increased sensitivity as compared to a more conventional electron tunneling transducer. We also show how the new transducer can be used in a force rebalance accelerometer. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Labs, Champaign, IL 61802 USA. RP Vatannia, S (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD JUL PY 1998 VL 45 IS 7 BP 1616 EP 1619 DI 10.1109/16.701497 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA ZV815 UT WOS:000074344100032 ER PT J AU Shekhar, S Ravada, S Kumar, V Chubb, D Turner, G AF Shekhar, S Ravada, S Kumar, V Chubb, D Turner, G TI Declustering and load-balancing methods for parallelizing geographic information systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE declustering methods; geographic information systems; high performance; load-balancing; polygon clipping; range query AB Declustering and load-balancing are important issues in designing a high-performance geographic information system (HPGIS), which is a central component of many interactive applications-such as real-time terrain visualization. The current literature provides efficient methods for declustering spatial point-data. However, there has been little work toward developing efficient declustering methods for collections of extended objects, like chains of line-segments and polygons. In this paper, we focus on the data-partitioning approach to parallelizing GIS operations. We provide a framework for declustering collections of extended spatial objects by identifying the following key issues: 1)the work-load metric, 2) the spatial-extent of the work-load, 3) the distribution of the work-load over the spatial-extent, and 4) the declustering method. We identify and experimentally evaluate alternatives for each of these issues. In addition, we also provide a framework for dynamically balancing the load between different processors. We experimentally evaluate the proposed declustering and load-balancing methods on a distributed memory MIMD machine (Cray T3D). Experimental results show that the spatial-extent and the work-load metric are important issues in developing a declustering method. Experiments also show that the replication of data is usually needed to facilitate dynamic load-balancing, since the cost of local processing is often less than the cost of data transfer for extended spatial objects. In addition, we also show that the effectiveness of dynamic load-balancing techniques can be improved by using declustering methods to determine the subsets of spatial objects to be transferred during runtime. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Oracle Corp, Spatial Data Prod Div, Nashua, NH 03062 USA. USA, CECOM, RDEC,Intelligence & Elect Warfare Directorate, Vint Hill Farms Stn, Warrenton, VA 22186 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Shekhar, S (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM shekhar@cs.umn.edu; sravada@us.oracle.com NR 32 TC 11 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1041-4347 J9 IEEE T KNOWL DATA EN JI IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 10 IS 4 BP 632 EP 655 DI 10.1109/69.706061 PG 24 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 110VM UT WOS:000075401900008 ER PT J AU Leupold, HA Tilak, AS Visosky, MM AF Leupold, HA Tilak, AS Visosky, MM TI Axially polarized wiggler radiation from a toroidal electron beam source SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Joint MMM-Intermag Conference CY JAN 06-09, 1998 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA DE wigglers; sychrotrons; axial and radial polarization; toroidal magnets ID MAGNET STRUCTURES AB Recent work has described wigglers in which the radiating electron beam circulates azimuthally within a toroidal tube where a surrounding permanent magnet structure keeps the beam on a mean circular path and simultaneously provides the field periodicity for wiggler action.(1,2) Both the mean field and the periodic one are in the axial direction so that the resulting synchrotron and wiggler radiations are both polarized in the principal toroidal plane, The present work analyzes a structure in which the synchrotron and wiggler polarizations are mutually orthogonal so that one or the other can be easily eliminated to provide essentially monochromatic radiation. This is accomplished by an azimuthally periodic arrangement of magic ring sections that form a toroidal tube. These are oriented with their axial field components constant and equal and their radial components equal but alternating radially outward and inward in direction. The constant axial field holds the electron beam in a circular path while the alternating radial field provides the wiggler action. The wiggler radiation has n times the frequency of the synchrotron radiation where n is the number of azimuthal periods per circuit. C1 US Mil Acad, USA, Res Lab, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Leupold, HA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, USA, Res Lab, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 34 IS 4 BP 1405 EP 1407 DI 10.1109/20.706563 PN 1 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 101CP UT WOS:000074852300190 ER PT J AU Gupta, RK Taylor, DN Bryla, DA Robbins, JB Szu, SSC AF Gupta, RK Taylor, DN Bryla, DA Robbins, JB Szu, SSC TI Phase 1 evaluation of Vibrio cholerae O1, serotype Inaba, polysaccharide-cholera toxin conjugates in adult volunteers SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID FIELD TRIAL; ANTIBODY; BANGLADESH; VACCINES; OGAWA; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; PROTECTION; MAGNITUDE; ANTIGENS AB Conjugate vaccines were prepared by binding hydrazine-treated lipopolysaccharide (DeALPS) from Vibrio cholerae O1, serotype Inaba, to cholera toxin (CT) variants CT-1 and CT-2. Volunteers (n = 75) were injected with either 25 mu g of DeALPS, alone or as a conjugate, or the licensed cellular vaccine containing 4 x 10(9) organisms each of serotypes Inaba and Ogawa per mi. No serious adverse reactions were observed. DeALPS alone did not elicit serum LPS or vibriocidal antibodies in mice and only low levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) anti-LPS in the volunteers. Recipients of the cellular vaccine had the highest IgM anti-LPS levels, but the difference was not statistically significant from that elicited by the conjugates. The conjugates elicited the highest levels of IgG anti-LPS (DeALPS-CT-2 > DeALPS-CT-1 > cellular vaccine). Both conjugates and the cellular vaccine elicited vibriocidal antibodies: after 8 months, recipients of cellular vaccine had the highest geometric mean titer (1,249), followed by DeALPS-CT-2 (588) and DeALPS-CT-1 (330). The correlation coefficient between IgG anti-LPS and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME)-resistant vibriocidal antibodies was 0.81 (P = 0.0004). Convalescent sera from cholera patients had a mean vibriocidal titer of 2,525 that was removed by treatment with 2-ME. The vibriocidal activities of sera from all vaccine groups and from the patients were absorbed (>75%) by LPS but not by either CT-1 or CT-2. Conjugate-induced IgG vibriocidal antibodies persisted longer than those elicited by the whole cell vaccine. Both conjugates, but not the cellular vaccine, elicited IgG anti-CT. C1 NICHHD, Dev & Mol Immun Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Szu, SSC (reprint author), NICHHD, Dev & Mol Immun Lab, NIH, Bldg 6,Room 424,8800 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM scszu@Helix.nih.gov NR 34 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 66 IS 7 BP 3095 EP 3099 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZW149 UT WOS:000074379900010 PM 9632571 ER PT J AU Saunders, NB Brandt, BL Warren, RL Hansen, BD Zollinger, WD AF Saunders, NB Brandt, BL Warren, RL Hansen, BD Zollinger, WD TI Immunological and molecular characterization of three variant subtype P1.14 strains of Neisseria meningitidis SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MENINGOCOCCAL VACCINE; PEPTIDE-SYNTHESIS; AMINO-ACID; INFANT RAT; CLASS-1; ANTIGENS; EPITOPES; ANTIBODIES AB Epidemic outbreaks of group B meningococcal disease exhibit a clonal nature consisting of a common serotype-subtype, Subtype-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed toward two variable regions (VR1 and VR2) of the class 1 protein of Neisseria meningitidis are used in this classification scheme. A new MAb was developed to classify a nonsubtypeable (NST) strain of N. meningitidis, 7967, This MAb bound to both the NST strain and the prototype subtype P1.14 strain, S3446, by dot blot analysis. However, a MAb produced to the prototype P1.14 strain did not bind to strain 7967, Sixteen additional strains were further identified as P1.14 with the prototype MAb; of these, 15 strains bound both MAbs. Differences in the characteristics of binding of both antibodies to the three apparently diverse P1,14 strains were studied further by using outer membrane complex proteins, immobilized peptides, and soluble peptides, Deduced amino acid analysis suggested that both MAbs bind to VR2 and that single amino acid changes within VR2 (KM, NM, or KK) might explain the differences in binding characteristics. These results demonstrated that minor variations which exist within subtype variable regions may be clearly identified only by a combination of molecular and immunologic testing. The impact of subtype variation will become more evident as subtype-specific vaccines are developed and tested for efficacy. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Saunders, NB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Dr_Nancy_Saunders@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil RI Zollinger, Wendell/B-2887-2011 NR 27 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 66 IS 7 BP 3218 EP 3222 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZW149 UT WOS:000074379900027 PM 9632588 ER PT J AU Singh, Y Ivins, BE Leppla, SH AF Singh, Y Ivins, BE Leppla, SH TI Study of immunization against anthrax with the purified recombinant protective antigen of Bacillus anthracis SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TOXIN; PLASMID; STRAINS AB Protective antigen (PA) of anthrax toxin is the major component of human anthrax vaccine. Currently available human vaccines in the United States and Europe consist of alum-precipitated supernatant material from cultures of toxigenic, nonencapsulated strains of Bacillus anthracis. Immunization with these vaccines requires several boosters and occasionally causes local pain and edema. We previously described the biological activity of a nontoxic mutant of PA expressed in Bacillus subtilis. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of the purified mutant PA protein alone or in combination with the lethal factor and edema factor components of anthrax toxin to protect against anthrax. Both mutant and native PA preparations elicited high anti-PA titers in Hartley guinea pigs. Mutant PA alone and in combination with lethal factor and edema factor completely protected the guinea pigs from B. anthracis spore challenge. The results suggest that the mutant PA protein may be used to develop an effective recombinant vaccine against anthrax. C1 Ctr Biochem Technol, Delhi 110007, India. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NIDR, Oral Infect & Immunity Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Singh, Y (reprint author), Ctr Biochem Technol, Mall Rd,Near Jubilee Hall, Delhi 110007, India. NR 20 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 66 IS 7 BP 3447 EP 3448 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZW149 UT WOS:000074379900060 PM 9632621 ER PT J AU Fowler, BW AF Fowler, BW TI Decision support systems: An applied managerial approach SO INTERFACES LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Aviat Missile Command, Adv Syst Concepts Off, Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Fowler, BW (reprint author), USA, Aviat Missile Command, Adv Syst Concepts Off, Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST OPERATIONS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PI LINTHICUM HTS PA 901 ELKRIDGE LANDING RD, STE 400, LINTHICUM HTS, MD 21090-2909 USA SN 0092-2102 J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 28 IS 4 BP 137 EP 138 PG 2 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 123MH UT WOS:000076128600018 ER PT J AU Rajendran, AM AF Rajendran, AM TI Penetration of tungsten alloy rods into shallow-cavity steel targets SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB This paper presents a combined numerical and experimental study on penetration of tungsten heavy alloy long rods (length-to-diameter ratio of 10) into thick RHA (rolled homogeneous armor) steel plates. The main objective of this study was to establish the effects of a shallow cavity at the front of the steel plate on the penetration process. Three experiments were performed at 1.5 km/s on target plates with a shallow-cavity of 19 mm diameter. These results were compared to existing penetration data obtained for Bat plates over a range of 1.1-1.7 km/s. In the code simulations, three target configurations were considered: a Bat target surface without a cavity, and two target plates with different cavity diameters (19 and 11.54 mm). The effect of the target's Free surface on the characteristic time that the penetrator takes to reach quasi-steady-state penetration into the target was investigated for three configurations. Based on the experimental results, the effect of the shallow-cavity wall constraint on the penetration process was found to be insignificant. The code results matched the measured depths of penetration within the limits of the experimental accuracy for all configurations examined. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Rajendran, AM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Rajendran, Arunachalam/A-1615-2010 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 21 IS 6 BP 451 EP 460 DI 10.1016/S0734-743X(98)00005-0 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 102NC UT WOS:000074929600003 ER PT J AU Frew, DJ Hanchak, SJ Green, ML Forrestal, MJ AF Frew, DJ Hanchak, SJ Green, ML Forrestal, MJ TI Penetration of concrete targets with ogive-nose steel rods SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE penetration; ogive-nose steel rods; geometric and material scales ID PROJECTILES AB We conducted depth of penetration experiments in concrete targets with 3.0 caliber radius-head, steel rod projectiles. The concrete targets with 9.5 mm diameter limestone aggregate had a nominal unconfined compressive strength of 58.4 MPa (8.5 ksi) and density 2320 kg/m(3). To explore geometric projectile scales, we conducted two sets of experiments. Projectiles with length-to-diameter ratio of ten were machined from 4340R(c), 45 steel, round stock and had diameters and masses of 20.3 mm, 0.478 kg and 30.5 mm, 1.62 kg. Powder guns launched the projectiles to striking velocities between 400 and 1200 m/s. For these experiments, penetration depth increased as striking velocity increased. When depth of penetration data was divided by a length scale determined from our model, the data collapsed on a single curve. Thus, a single dimensionless penetration depth versus striking velocity prediction was in good agreement with the data at two geometric projectile scales for striking velocities between 400 and 1200 m/s. In addition, we conducted experiments with AerMet 100R(c), 53 steel projectiles and compared depth of penetration and post-test nose erosion data with results from the 4340R(c), 45 steel projectiles. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Forrestal, MJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 4 TC 115 Z9 159 U1 3 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 21 IS 6 BP 489 EP 497 DI 10.1016/S0734-743X(98)00008-6 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 102NC UT WOS:000074929600006 ER PT J AU Borris, TJ Weber, CR AF Borris, TJ Weber, CR TI Intraoperative nasal transillumination for maxillary sinus augmentation procedures: A technical note SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL IMPLANTS LA English DT Article DE light wand; maxillary sinus; sinus augmentation; transillumination ID BONE; FLOOR AB This article presents a simple, inexpensive method for precisely locating the floor of the maxillary sinus, as well as the presence of any septa, at the time of sinus augmentation surgery. Using an anesthesia light wand placed transnasally to illuminate the sinus, the surgeon can reliably elevate the lateral maxillary wall overlying the sinus with relative ease without fear of placing the osteotomy cuts too far from the sinus floor. The same procedure can be used postoperatively to evaluate the density of the bone graft placed into the sinus prior to closure. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Oral & Maxillofacial Surg Residency Program, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Borris, TJ (reprint author), USA, POB 53373, Ft Benning, GA 31995 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUINTESSENCE PUBL CO INC PI CAROL STREAM PA 551 NORTH KIMBERLY DR, CAROL STREAM, IL 60188-1881 USA SN 0882-2786 J9 INT J ORAL MAX IMPL JI Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 13 IS 4 BP 569 EP 570 PG 2 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 109XU UT WOS:000075350300017 PM 9714966 ER PT J AU Mann, RW THomas, MD Adams, BJ AF Mann, RW THomas, MD Adams, BJ TI Congenital absence of the ulna with humeroradial synostosis in a prehistoric skeleton from Moundville, Alabama SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE skeletal limb deficiencies; humeroradial synostosis; prehistoric; Native American C1 Hickam AFB, US Army Central Identification Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. Childrens Hospital Natl Med Ctr, Orthopedic Surgery Dept, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Mann, RW (reprint author), Hickam AFB, US Army Central Identification Lab, 310 Worchester Ave, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1047-482X J9 INT J OSTEOARCHAEOL JI Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 8 IS 4 BP 295 EP 299 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1212(199807/08)8:4<295::AID-OA424>3.0.CO;2-N PG 5 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA 117BD UT WOS:000075759300007 ER PT J AU Reddy, TV Olson, GR Wiechman, B Reddy, G Torsella, J Daniel, FB AF Reddy, TV Olson, GR Wiechman, B Reddy, G Torsella, J Daniel, FB TI Subchronic toxicity of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene in Fischer 344 rats SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL DALLAS, TEXAS SP Soc Toxicol DE Fischer 344 rats; nitroaromatic compounds; subchronic toxicity; 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene ID LONG-TERM SEQUELAE; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; 1,3-DINITROBENZENE; TRINITROTOLUENE AB The subchronic toxicity of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) in, male and female Fischer 344 rats was evaluated by feeding a powdered certified laboratory diet containing 0, 66.7, 400 and 800 mg TNB/kg diet for 90 days. The calculated average TNB intake was 4.29, 24.70 and 49.28 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day for females and 3.91, 22.73, and 44.16 mg/kg BW/day for males. Food intake in the 400 and 800 mg/kg diet dose groups of both sexes was decreased throughout the study and resulted in, a significant decrease in absolute body weights. A significant decrease in relative testicular weights and a significant increase in the relative liver weight were observed in, male rats receiving 400 or 800 mg TNB/kg diet. A significant increase in the relative spleen weights of both sexes receiving 400 or 800 mg TNB diet was noted. The relative liver weight was also increased only in female rats maintained on the 800 mg TNB diet. Histopathological examinations revealed that the susceptible organs for TNB toxicity were kidney (hyaline droplets) in all male dose groups and testes (seminiferous tubular degeneration) in rats receiving 400 and 800 mg TNB diet groups. The spleen was also affected (extramedullary hematopoiesis) in both sexes in the 400 and 800 mg close groups. Hematological studies at both 45 (data not given) and 90 days in the 400 and 800 mg dose groups indicated decreased values for red blood cell counts and hemoglobin content, while reticulocytes and methemoglobin levels were increased. Clinical chemistry parameters were unaffected. Based on Kidney toxicity and hematological effects, a Low Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) of 3.91 mg/kg BW/day was suggested for subchronic toxicity studies on TNB. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. Pathol Associates Inc, W Chester, OH USA. RP Reddy, G (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Bldg E-2100, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 17 IS 4 BP 393 EP 411 PG 19 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA ZW829 UT WOS:000074452500002 ER PT J AU Moser, J Meier, HL AF Moser, J Meier, HL TI Comparison of keratinocytes and lymphocytes on sulfur mustard-dependent changes in cell yield and viability SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cell yield; keratinocytes; lymphocytes; sulfur mustard; viability ID CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; NAD+ LEVELS; IN-VITRO; TOXICITY; CULTURE; HD AB In comparing the effects of sulfur mustard (SM)-induced cell death in, adult cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), we observed an SM concentration-and time-dependent loss of NHEK and PBL viability as measured by propidium iodide exclusion. By this parameter alone, PBL appeared more susceptible to SM-induced cytotoxicity than NHEK, as previously reported. However there was a concentration- and time-dependent loss of NHEK yield that wets not observed in PBL. Keratinocyte yield was approximately 46% and 8% of control cells at 12 and 24 hours, respectively, following exposure to 0.3 mM SM. The decrease in NHEK yield was associated with an, increase in trypan blue-stained fragments observed on slides. Fragments were not observed on, slides of SM-exposed PBL cultures. These results suggest that SM causes fragmentation of cultured NHEK and subsequently results in, a lower cell yield. The fragmented dead NHEK are not included in the total cell count when percent viability is determined by propidium iodide exclusion. Therefore, cytotoxicity of SM in NHEK is greater than that reflected by dye exclusion alone. Actual viable cell count, which considers both propidium iodide exclusion and cell yield, indicates NHEK are more susceptible than PBL to SM-induced cytotoxicity, contrary to previously published reports. Cell yield must be taken into account when using in, vitro models to study not only viability, but also any quantitative biochemical changes induced by SM. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Basic Assessment Branch, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Moser, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Basic Assessment Branch, Drug Assessment Div, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd,Attn MCMR UV PA Dr Moser, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 17 IS 4 BP 413 EP 430 PG 18 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA ZW829 UT WOS:000074452500003 ER PT J AU Kitsiripornchai, S Markowitz, LE Ungchusak, K Jenkins, RA Leucha, W Limpitaks, T Sangkharomya, S AF Kitsiripornchai, S Markowitz, LE Ungchusak, K Jenkins, RA Leucha, W Limpitaks, T Sangkharomya, S TI Sexual behavior of young men in Thailand: Regional differences and evidence of behavior change SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; sexual behavior; condom use; Thailand ID NORTHERN THAILAND; HIV-1 INFECTION; TRANSMITTED DISEASES; RISK BEHAVIOR; AIDS; DECLINE; PROGRAM AB An anonymous, self-administered behavioral survey was conducted in Royal Thai Army (RTA) conscripts from 19 provinces throughout Thailand in May 1996. All (to a maximum of 350) Thai men who entered the RTA in each province were selected. Data from 5474 men were included in this analysis. High-risk behaviors were reported nationwide; however, some regional differences were found. Men from the upper North were more likely to have had a commercial sex worker (CSW) as their first sexual partner (42%) than men from any other region. However, in the past year, reported sex with CSWs in the upper North (41%) was similar to or lower than those in other regions. Consistent condom use with CSWs was higher in the North than in any other region. Condom use at first sex with CSWs increased with later years at first sex in all regions. These data suggest that past higher-risk behavior among young men in the upper northern part of Thailand may have contributed to the concentration of the HIV epidemic in that region. Risk behaviors, particularly unprotected sex, appear to be decreasing nationwide. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Royal Thai Army, Dept Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Minist Publ Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. RP Kitsiripornchai, S (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 27 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 18 IS 3 BP 282 EP 288 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZX211 UT WOS:000074490500013 PM 9665507 ER PT J AU Koley, B Dagenais, M Jin, R Simonis, G Pham, J McLane, G Johnson, F Whaley, R AF Koley, B Dagenais, M Jin, R Simonis, G Pham, J McLane, G Johnson, F Whaley, R TI Dependence of lateral oxidation rate on thickness of AlAs layer of interest as a current aperture in vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser structures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SELECTIVE OXIDATION AB The dependence of the wet oxidation process on the AlAs layer thickness used in selectively oxidized vertical-cavity surface-emitting-laser structures is studied in detail. A theoretical model based on a diffusion-reaction process is proposed. A rapid reduction in the oxidation rate is predicted with a reduction in the layer thickness of the ultrathin AlAs layer. The theoretical predictions are verified through experiments. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USA, Res Lab, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Koley, B (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dage@engr.umd.edu NR 16 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 1 BP 600 EP 605 DI 10.1063/1.368094 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GP UT WOS:000075258100087 ER PT J AU Castellani, JW Young, AJ Sawka, MN Pandolf, KB AF Castellani, JW Young, AJ Sawka, MN Pandolf, KB TI Human thermoregulatory responses during serial cold-water immersions SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE habituation; hypothermia; norepinephrine; shivering; vasoconstriction ID EXERCISE; TEMPERATURE; EXPOSURE; AIR AB This study examined whether serial cold-water immersions over a 10-h period would lead to fatigue of shivering and vasoconstriction. Eight men were immersed (2 h) in 20 degrees C water three times (0700, 1100, and 1500) in 1 day (Repeat). This trial was compared with single immersions (Control) conducted at the same times of day. Before Repeat exposures at 1100 and 1500, rewarming was employed to standardize initial rectal temperature. The following observations were made in the Repeat relative to the Control trial: I)rectal temperature was lower and heat debt was higher (P < 0.05) at 1100; 2) metabolic heat production was lower (P < 0.05) at 1100 and 1500; 3) subjects perceived the Repeat trial as warmer at 1100. These data suggest that repeated cold exposures may impair the ability to maintain normal body temperature because of a blunting of metabolic heat production, perhaps reflecting a fatigue mechanism. An alternative explanation is that shivering habituation develops rapidly during serially repeated cold exposures. C1 USA, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Castellani, JW (reprint author), USA, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Environm Med Res Inst, 15 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM jcastellani@natick-ccmail.army.ml NR 26 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 85 IS 1 BP 204 EP 209 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA ZZ038 UT WOS:000074689200029 PM 9655776 ER PT J AU Sprecher, SL Netherland, MD Stewart, AB AF Sprecher, SL Netherland, MD Stewart, AB TI Phytoene and carotene response of aquatic plants to fluridone under laboratory conditions SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aquatic herbicide; Bidens beckii; Ceratophyllum demersum; Egeria densa; Heteranthera dubia; Hydrilla verticillata; Myriophyllum spicatum; physiological monitoring; plant stress; Potamogeton nodosus; P-pectinatus; Vallisneria americana ID CHLOROPLAST DEVELOPMENT; EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL; HYDRILLA; BIOSYNTHESIS; DESATURATION; NORFLURAZON; CHLOROPHYLL; INHIBITION; EXTRACTION; HERBICIDES AB The herbicide fluridone (1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-4 (1H)-pyridinone) disrupts the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in plants by inhibiting phytoene desaturase. The subsequent rapid accumulation of the carotene precursor pigment phytoene above negligible pretreatment levels is diagnostic for fluridone exposure in terrestrial plants. To determine whether this symptom characterized fluridone exposure in target and nontarget aquatic plants, beta-carotene and phytoene were monitored under a range of concentrations and exposure times in nine species: American pondweed (Potamogeton nodosus Poir.), coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum L.), egeria (Egeria densa Planch.), Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatumm L.), hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle), sage pondweed (P. pectinatus L.), vallisneria (Vallisneria amerocana Michx.), water marigold (Bidens bcckii L.), and water stargrass (Heteranthera dubia (Jacq.) MacMill.). Significant increase in phytoene above pretreatment levels and reversal of the normal carotene:phytocene ratio were seen with fluridone exposure in all species, whether susceptible, intermediately susceptible, or tolerant to this herbicide. Effects occurred as early as 2 d with exposure to 2 mu g fluridone L-1. With removal of flulidone following 10 d exposures to less than or equal to 25 mu g L-1, pigments returned to pretreatment levels in 10 to 30 d, with duration and magnitude of phytoene elevation being related to treatment rate and exposure time. The specificity of this response to fluridone was supported by 1) lack of phytoene increase following treatment with other aquatic herbicides, and 2) characteristic phytoene increase when fluridone was co-applied with a fungal pathogen. The diagnostic response of phytoene to fluridone exposure in all aquatic species examined indicates that the selective activity of this herbicide is primarily rate dependent. While these pigment responses have potential for monitoring and characterizing fluridone effects ill target and nontarget aquatic plants in laboratory evaluations and operational treatments, further evaluations are needed to indicate whether they can be useful for indicating herbicide levels during treatment or predicting efficacy and weed control. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. AScI Corp, Mclean, VA 22101 USA. RP Sprecher, SL (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 30 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI CLERMONT PA PO BOX 121086, CLERMONT, FL 34712-1086 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 36 BP 111 EP 120 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 159EA UT WOS:000078157800004 ER PT J AU Madsen, JD Owens, CS AF Madsen, JD Owens, CS TI Seasonal biomass and carbohydrate allocation in dioecious Hydrilla SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Hydrilla verticillata; total nonstructural carbohydrates; starch; phenology ID VERTICILLATA LF ROYLE; GROWTH; SEDIMENT; MACROPHYTES; NUTRITION; TURIONS; WATER AB The phenology of dioecious hydrilla (Hydrilla Verticillata (L.f) Royle) was studied to discern seasonal low points in the carbohydrate storage of this nonindigenous weedy aquatic plant, Hydrilla was sampled monthly from two outdoor ponds (0.3 ha each) at the Lewisville Aquatic Ecosystem Research Facility (LAERF) in Lewisville, Texas, from January 1994 through July 1995. Monthly samples were dried to obtain biomass dry weight (g m(-2)) and analyzed for total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC), free sugars, and starch. Results indicated the lowest amount of stored TNC occurred in July for 1994 and in June for 1995, with stolen (6%), upper stem (6%), root crown (10%) and lower stem (11%). Tubers (65%) and turions (60%) exhibited their lowest TNC concentrations when the total plant stores of TNC were at their lowest point. Biomass increased from May through September; regrowing from overwintering shoots and root crowns, but not tubers. In addition to the hydrilla pond sampling, containers planted with hydrilla were harvested from January 1995 through December 1990. Monthly samples were likewise analyzed for carbohydrate storage. The lowest concentrations of stored carbohydrates occurred in June for both growing seasons. These studies provide more insight into the timing of major allocation shifts in the hydrilla seasonal growth cycle for the purpose of optimizing management techniques. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. AscI Corp, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75056 USA. RP Madsen, JD (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, ATTN CEWES ES P,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI CLERMONT PA PO BOX 121086, CLERMONT, FL 34712-1086 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 36 BP 138 EP 145 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 159EA UT WOS:000078157800008 ER PT J AU Madsen, JD Owens, CS Getsinger, KD AF Madsen, JD Owens, CS Getsinger, KD TI Evaluation of four herbicides for management of American frogbit (Limnobium spongia) SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. AScI Corp, USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75056 USA. RP Madsen, JD (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, CEWES ES P,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI CLERMONT PA PO BOX 121086, CLERMONT, FL 34712-1086 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 36 BP 148 EP 150 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 159EA UT WOS:000078157800010 ER PT J AU Solomon, T Thao, LTT Dung, NM Kneen, R Hung, NT Nisalak, A Vaughn, DW Farrar, J Hien, TT White, NJ Cardosa, MJ AF Solomon, T Thao, LTT Dung, NM Kneen, R Hung, NT Nisalak, A Vaughn, DW Farrar, J Hien, TT White, NJ Cardosa, MJ TI Rapid diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis by using an immunoglobulin M dot enzyme immunoassay SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; VIRUS; ANTIBODIES; INFECTIONS; IGM AB Japanese encephalitis (JE) occurs in rural settings in southern and eastern Asia, where diagnostic facilities are Limited. For the diagnosis of JE virus (JEV) infection, we developed a nitrocellulose membrane-based immunoglobulin M (IgM) capture dot enzyme immunoassay (MAC DOT) that is rapid, simple to use, requires no specialized equipment, and can distinguish JEV from dengue infection. In a prospective field study in southern Vietnam, 155 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 341 serum samples were collected from 111 children and 83 adults with suspected encephalitis, The JEV MAC DOT, performed on site, was scored visually from negative to strongly positive by two observers, and the results were compared subsequently with those of the standard IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For the 179 patients with adequate specimens, the MAC DOT correctly identified 59 of 60 JEV-positive patients and 118 of 119 JEV-negative patients (sensitivity [95% confidence intervals], 98.3% [92.1 to 99.9%]; specificity, 99.2% [95.9 to 100.0%]; positive predictive value, 0.98; negative predictive value, 0.99), The MAC DOT also correctly identified three patients with dengue encephalopathy, Admission specimens were positive for 73% of JE patients, Interobserver agreement for MAC DOT diagnosis was excellent (kappa = 0.94), The JEV MAC DOT is a simple and reliable rapid diagnostic test for JE in rural hospitals. C1 Cho Quan Hosp, Ctr Trop Dis, Wellcome Trust Clin Res Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. USA, Dept Virol, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Trop Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Univ Malaysia Sarawak, Inst Hlth & Community Med, Sarawak, Malaysia. RP White, NJ (reprint author), Cho Quan Hosp, Ctr Trop Dis, Wellcome Trust Clin Res Unit, 190 Ben Ham Tu,Dist 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. RI Cardosa, Mary Jane/A-3611-2009; White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012 FU Wellcome Trust NR 25 TC 53 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 36 IS 7 BP 2030 EP 2034 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA ZU042 UT WOS:000074155400037 PM 9650956 ER PT J AU Yeckel, A Zhou, YM Dennis, M Derby, JJ AF Yeckel, A Zhou, YM Dennis, M Derby, JJ TI Three-dimensional computations of solution hydrodynamics during the growth of potassium dihydrogen phosphate - II. Spin down SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Modelling in Crystal Growth CY OCT 13-16, 1996 CL DURBUY, BELGIUM DE fluid flow; solution growth; finite element model ID FINITE-ELEMENT COMPUTATIONS; MASSIVELY-PARALLEL; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; MORPHOLOGICAL STABILITY; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; CONNECTION MACHINE; VICINAL FACE; SURFACE; SYSTEMS; KH2PO4 AB Three-dimensional, time-dependent flows that occur in the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory system for rapid growth of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals from solution are studied using massively parallel finite element computations. The simulation reveals that excellent global mixing occurs during the spin-down phase of a time-dependent stirring cycle. The large scale fluid motions in the radial and axial directions that promote mixing are caused primarily by effects of platform geometry, but are augmented to some degree by the intrinsic tendency of a decelerating rotational flow to reverse direction within Ekman layers that form at the boundaries. Along with Part I of this work [Y. Zhou, J.J. Derby, J. Crystal Growth 180 (1997) 497], which emphasized spin up and steady rotation, significant advances have been made in our understanding of hydrodynamic phenomena in this system. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Derby, JJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009; OI Derby, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6418-2155 NR 40 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUL PY 1998 VL 191 IS 1-2 BP 206 EP 224 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(98)00102-X PG 19 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA ZZ399 UT WOS:000074725500033 ER PT J AU Newman, JK AF Newman, JK TI Dynamic shear rheological properties of polymer-modified asphalt binders SO JOURNAL OF ELASTOMERS AND PLASTICS LA English DT Article DE polymer modifiers; rheology; compatibility; complex modulus; dynamic shear rheometry; fluorescence microscopy AB Rheological characteristics were measured using DSR (Dynamic Shear Rheometry) for two asphalts (A and B, conventional AC-20 viscosity grades) from different crude sources modified with 5% SBR, 5.5% LDPE, 5% SE, and a crumb rubber (6%)/SBS (2%) mixture. Mastercurves were constructed from DSR frequency sweeps at temperatures ranging from -20 to 80 degrees C. The mastercurves were constructed using the method of reduced variables, similar to the WLF equation, and described all binders well except for the A-LDPE binder. Polymer network formation is suggested in the B-SB binders based on the tendency of the tan delta mastercurve to exhibit a local minimum and the lack of observable phase separated polymer domains within the resolution of the fluorescence microscope. The morphology of the SBR polymer in the asphalt was observed to be dependent on the specific asphalt source. Initiation of polymer network formation is postulated for B-SBR based on the behavior of tan delta and the asphalt swollen phase separated polymer domains as observed by fluorescence reflection microscopy. For B-LDPE, A-CR + SBS, and B-CR + SBS the response of tan delta suggests networking but is postulated to be a contribution of the clearly observable phase separated polymer domains. The overall response of B-LDPE and the CR + SBS binders are a sum of the contributions of each phase with the polymer acting more as a filler dominating the rheological response at intermediate frequencies. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Airfields & Pavements Div, CEWES,GP Q, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Newman, JK (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Airfields & Pavements Div, CEWES,GP Q, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 14 TC 45 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 14 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 USA SN 0095-2443 J9 J ELASTOM PLAST JI J. Elastomer Plast. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 30 IS 3 BP 245 EP 263 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 102DQ UT WOS:000074908800004 ER PT J AU Stewart, LK Hudak, PF Doyle, RD AF Stewart, LK Hudak, PF Doyle, RD TI Modeling hydrologic alterations to a developing wetland in an abandoned borrow pit SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE wetlands; hydrogeology; numerical modeling AB Three management alternatives for modifying the duration and extent of pending at a developing wetland in northern Texas, USA, were evaluated. These alternatives, causing minimal environmental disruption and requiring little maintenance, included installing a slurry wall to back up groundwater, raising water levels in a nearby river channel and applying water directly to the wetland. The wetland resides in a topographic depression which was created by excavating sediment for an earthen dam. The authors characterised the hydrogeology of the wetland, devised a numerical model to simulate groundwater flow and used the model to study potential hydrologic modifications to the wetland. Evapotranspiration and recharge dominate the water budget of the site. Model-calculated hydraulic head values indicated that applying water directly to the wetland elevates the water-table, while installing a downgradient slurry wall and elevating stages of nearby surface wafer bodies have little effect. These results suggest that diverting surface water should be an effective management technique for groundwater-fed wetlands with sediment of low to moderate hydraulic conductivity. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ N Texas, Inst Appl Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. US Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75056 USA. RP Hudak, PF (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Inst Appl Sci, POB 13078, Denton, TX 76203 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 53 IS 3 BP 231 EP 239 DI 10.1006/jema.1998.0203 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 121FW UT WOS:000076003500002 ER PT J AU Rzentkowski, G Lever, JH AF Rzentkowski, G Lever, JH TI An effect of turbulence on fluidelastic instability in tube bundles: A nonlinear analysis SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID CROSS-FLOW AB This paper is concerned with the behaviour of a tube bundle subjected to combined fluidelastic and turbulence excitation. Here, we formulate the fluidelastic forces based on a simplified, nonlinear model for a single flexible tube surrounded by rigid neighbours and constrained to move transverse to the mean flow. We use a flat power spectral density function to express the turbulence excitation. The resulting system we first examine heuristically, based on a superposition of both excitation mechanisms. We then assess the merits of this approach via direct numerical integration of the equation of motion. Lastly, we perform a nonlinear investigation into the sensitivity of the fluidelastic stability boundary on variations in the random field of turbulence and generate a stability map. The analysis shows that the fluidelastic stability boundary defined by an unstable bifurcation may be reduced by turbulence; for long-term operation, the threshold reduction may approach tl-ie size of a hysteresis region. This effect increases with turbulence intensity and decreases viith unstable-limit-cycle amplitude. For a stable bifurcation, the fluidelastic stability boundary is virtually unaffected by turbulence. In the latter case, the effect of turbulence is through practical stability definitions made using amplitude-response curves. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Ontario Hydro Technol, Toronto, ON, Canada. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Rzentkowski, G (reprint author), Atom Energy Control Board, 280 Slater St, Ottawa, ON, Canada. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0889-9746 J9 J FLUID STRUCT JI J. Fluids Struct. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 BP 561 EP 590 DI 10.1006/jfls.1998.0155 PG 30 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 116AR UT WOS:000075699600004 ER PT J AU Gulliver, JS Wilhelms, SC Parkhill, KL AF Gulliver, JS Wilhelms, SC Parkhill, KL TI Predictive capabilities in oxygen transfer at hydraulic structures SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID CASCADES; AERATION AB Field measurements of oxygen transfer at four types of hydraulic structures are compared to predictions by 12 equations in the literature. The hydraulic structures were divided into weirs, spillways (gated and ungated), gated sills, and gated conduit outlets. For weirs, it was found that Avery and Novak's equation provides the best prediction of oxygen transfer. Rindels and Gulliver's equation and Wilhelms's equation provide the best prediction for spillways and gated sills, respectively. No equation provided an acceptable prediction of oxygen transfer at gated conduit outlets, probably because of the variety of hydraulic conditions that exist in these structures. The prediction of the transfer of other compounds from these equations also was discussed. It appears that it is currently possible to predict the transfer of another volatile compound from these oxygen transfer equations at these types of hydraulic structures, as long as the dimensionless Henry's law constant is greater than 10. The uncertainty of the prediction, however, would increase. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, St Anthony Falls Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydr Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Freese & Nichols Inc, Ft Worth, TX 76109 USA. RP Gulliver, JS (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, St Anthony Falls Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 35 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 1998 VL 124 IS 7 BP 664 EP 671 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1998)124:7(664) PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA ZW190 UT WOS:000074384700003 ER PT J AU Ferrick, MG Goodman, NJ AF Ferrick, MG Goodman, NJ TI Analysis of linear and monoclinal river wave solutions SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID FLOOD AB Linear dynamic wave and diffusion wave analytical solutions are obtained for a small, abrupt flow increase from an initial to a higher steady flow. Equations for the celerities of points along the wave profiles are developed from the solutions and are related to the cinematic wave and dynamic wave celerities. The linear solutions are compared systematically in a series of case studies to evaluate the differences caused by inertia. These comparisons use the celerities of selected profile points, the paths of these points on the x-t plane, and complete profiles at selected times, and indicate general agreement between the solutions. Initial diffusion wave inaccuracies persist over relatively short time and distance scales that increase with the wave diffusion coefficient and Froude number. The nonlinear monoclinal wave solution parallels that of the linear dynamic wave, but is applicable to arbitrarily large flow increases. As wave amplitude increases, the monoclinal rating curve diverges from that for a linear wave, and the maximum Froude number and energy gradient along the profile increase and move toward the leading edge. A monoclinal-diffusion solution for the diffusion wave equations is developed and dynamic wave-diffusion wave comparisons are made over a range of amplitudes with the same case studies used for linear waves. General dimensionless monoclinal-diffusion profiles exist for each depth ratio across the wave, whereas corresponding monoclinal wave profiles exhibit minor, case-specific Froude number dependence. Inertial effects on the monaclinal profiles occur near the leading edge, increase with the wave amplitude and Froude number, and are responsible for the differences between the dimensionless profiles. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Ferrick, MG (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 1998 VL 124 IS 7 BP 728 EP 741 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1998)124:7(728) PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA ZW190 UT WOS:000074384700011 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, DS Simbulan-Rosenthal, CMG Iyer, S Spoonde, A Smith, W Ray, R Smulson, ME AF Rosenthal, DS Simbulan-Rosenthal, CMG Iyer, S Spoonde, A Smith, W Ray, R Smulson, ME TI Sulfur mustard induces markers of terminal differentiation and apoptosis in keratinocytes via a Ca2+-calmodulin and caspase-dependent pathway SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BAPTA; caspase-3; poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; W-7 ID EXTRACELLULAR CALCIUM CONCENTRATIONS; INTRACELLULAR FREE CALCIUM; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; GRANZYME-B; DNA FRAGMENTATION; CELL-DEATH; IN-VITRO; CALMODULIN ANTAGONISTS; MURINE KERATINOCYTES AB Sulfur mustard (SM) induces vesication via poorly understood pathways. The blisters that are formed result primarily from the detachment of the epidermis from the dermis at the level of the basement membrane. In addition, there is toxicity to the basal cells, although no careful study has been performed to determine the precise mode of cell death biochemically. We describe here two potential mechanisms by which SM causes basal cell death and detachment: namely, induction of terminal differentiation and apoptosis. In the presence of 100 mu M SM, terminal differentiation was rapidly induced in primary human keratinocytes that included the expression of the differentiation-specific markers K1 and K10 and the cross-linking of the cornified envelope precursor protein involucrin. The expression of the attachment protein, fibronectin, was also reduced in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. features common to both differentiation and apoptosis were also induced in 100 mu M SM, including the rapid induction of p53 and the reduction of Bcl-2. At higher concentrations of SM (i.e., 300 mu M), formation of the characteristic nucleosome-sized DNA ladders, TUNEL-positive staining of cells, activation of the cysteine protease caspase-3/apopain, and cleavage of the death substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, were observed both in vivo and in vitro. Both the differentiation and the apoptotic processes appeared to be calmodulin dependent, because the calmodulin inhibitor W-7 blocked the expression of the differentiation-specific markers, as well as the apoptotic response in a concentration-dependent fashion. In addition, the intracellular Ca2+ chelator, BAPTA-AM, blocked the differentiation response and attenuated the apoptotic response. These results suggest a strategy for designing inhibitors of SM vesication via the Ca2+-calmodulin or caspase-3/PARP pathway. C1 Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Rosenthal, DS (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 3900 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA. NR 65 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 111 IS 1 BP 64 EP 71 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00250.x PG 8 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZW467 UT WOS:000074413900010 PM 9665388 ER PT J AU Subramanian, R Denney, PE Singh, J Otooni, M AF Subramanian, R Denney, PE Singh, J Otooni, M TI A novel technique for synthesis of silver nanoparticles by laser-liquid interaction SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PARTICLES; CLUSTERS; POWDERS; CO2-LASER; PRECURSOR; FE; CR AB Ultrafine particles of many materials have received much attention over the last few years by researchers because of their unique physical and mechanical properties due to increased surface area to volume ratio. A novel laser-liquid interaction technique has been developed to synthesize silver nanoparticles from inexpensive silver nitrate solution in distilled water. The shape, size distribution, microchemistry and crystal structure of the silver nanoparticles were studied using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe X-ray microanalysis. (C) 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, State Coll, PA 16804 USA. USA, Armament Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Arsenal, NJ 07876 USA. RP Subramanian, R (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, State Coll, PA 16804 USA. EM JXS46@psu.edu NR 48 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 11 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 33 IS 13 BP 3471 EP 3477 DI 10.1023/A:1013270305004 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 149DX UT WOS:000077590800031 ER PT J AU Tanskul, P Linthicum, KJ Watcharapichat, P Phulsuksombati, D Mungviriya, S Ratanatham, S Suwanabun, N Sattabongkot, J Watt, G AF Tanskul, P Linthicum, KJ Watcharapichat, P Phulsuksombati, D Mungviriya, S Ratanatham, S Suwanabun, N Sattabongkot, J Watt, G TI A new ecology for scrub typhus associated with a focus of antibiotic resistance in rice farmers in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Orientia tsutsugamushi; Leptotrombidium; scrub typhus; chiggers; ecology; epidemiology AB Following the documentation of chloramphenicol-resistant and doxycycline-resistant strains of Orientia tsutsugamushi (Hyashi) in northern Thailand, we conducted ecological and epidemiological studies near the houses of patients hospitalized with antibiotic-resistant infections. New associations between chiggers, rodents, and O. tsutsugamushi in active rice agriculture areas, an ecological habitat not described previously, are reported. Rattus rattus (L.) was the most common species (representing 85.8% of the 1,433 rodents processed), followed by Rattus losea (Swinhoe) (9. 4%), Bandicota indica (Bechstein) (3.6%), and Rattus argentiventer (Robinson and Kloss) (1.3%). O. tsutsugamushi was isolated from 30% of the R. rattus and R. losea, 29% of the B. indica, and 33% of the R. argentiventer collected. Mean minimum infection rates were 0.03 in Leptotrombidium chiangraiensis Tanskul & Linthicum, a new species of chigger, and 0.002 in Leptotrombidium imphalum (Vercammen-Grandjean & Langston), a chigger species not previously associated with scrub typhus transmission. Efficient vertical and horizontal transmission of O. tsutsumushi by L. chiangraiensis and L. imphalum was demonstrated. During a 19-mo period from October 1993 to April 1995, the overall prevalence of human IgM and IgG antibody to O. tsutsugamushi was 25.5 and 47.3%, respectively. L. chiangraiensis and L. imphalum are incriminated as vectors of O, tsutsugamushi in a rice field habitat associated with a focus of antibiotic resistance. C1 USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Royal Thai Army Component, Dept Biochem, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Royal Thai Army Component, Dept Vet Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Dept Biol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. RP Tanskul, P (reprint author), USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, 315-6 Rajavithee Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 21 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 15 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 35 IS 4 BP 551 EP 555 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 108PE UT WOS:000075274000033 PM 9701943 ER PT J AU Myint, KS Linthicum, KJ Tanskul, P Lerdthusnee, K Vaughn, DW Manomuth, C Mongkolsirichaikul, D Hansukjariya, P Hastriter, MW AF Myint, KS Linthicum, KJ Tanskul, P Lerdthusnee, K Vaughn, DW Manomuth, C Mongkolsirichaikul, D Hansukjariya, P Hastriter, MW TI Immunocytochemical methods to study the distribution of Orientia tsutsugamushi in Leptotrombidium (Acari : Trombiculidae) chiggers SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Leptotrombidium; Orientia tsutsugamushi; immunocytochemistry; chiggers; scrub typhus; rickettsia ID RICKETTSIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI AB Immunocytochemical methods were developed and tested for their ability to detect the distribution of Orientia tsutsugamushi in paraffin sections of adult chiggers (Leptotrombidium imphalum Vercammen-Grandjean & Langston). Rickettsial antigen was detected by application of a simple direct or amplified immunocytochemistry procedure and an indirect immunofluorescent procedure. In the direct procedure alkaline phosphatase conjugation to the mouse polyclonal antibody to the Karp strain was followed by the HistoMark Red test system to detect rickettsial antigen. The amplification procedure used a similar method hut used an unlabeled primary antibody followed by secondary biotinylated antimouse IgG, streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase, and the HistoMark Red test system. The immunofluorescent procedure included a biotinylated secondary antibody followed by addition of a streptavidin-FITC conjugate. Specific tissue tropisms in infected chiggers were observed in the salivary glands, nervous tissue, and ovaries of adult female mites in all procedures; however, nonspecific fluorescence of the chigger limited definitive identification of tissue tropisms with the indirect immunofluorescent procedure. C1 USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Natl Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Vet Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Brigham Young Univ, Monte L Bean Life Sci Museum, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Linthicum, KJ (reprint author), USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, 315-6 Rajavithee Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 35 IS 4 BP 556 EP 560 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 108PE UT WOS:000075274000034 PM 9701944 ER PT J AU van Cuyck-Gandre, H Cockman-Thomas, R Caudill, JD Asher, LSV Armstrong, KL Hauroeder, B Clements, NJ Binn, LN Longer, CF AF van Cuyck-Gandre, H Cockman-Thomas, R Caudill, JD Asher, LSV Armstrong, KL Hauroeder, B Clements, NJ Binn, LN Longer, CF TI Experimental African HEV infection in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY DEC 01-05, 1996 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg DE hepatitis E; Chad; HEV genomic variation; cynomolgus macaque ID NON-B-HEPATITIS; TRANSMITTED NON-A; ENTERIC NON-A; E VIRUS HEV; RHESUS-MONKEYS; CELL-CULTURE; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; ADAPTATION; ANTIBODY AB Experimental infection with hepatitis E virus (HEV) from Africa has not been investigated. Our purpose was to study hepatitis E produced by HEV from Chad (North Africa) and to analyze the genetic sequence of the HEV obtained after animal passage. An HEV-containing fecal sample from Chad was intravenously inoculated in four cynomolgus macaques. When serum Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT) levels rose, open liver biopsy and bile aspiration were performed. In all the monkeys, an ALT rise occured 25 to 32 days after inoculation a nd new a nti-H EV was detected by Enzyme Immune Assay (EIA). Hepatic histopathology was consistent with acute viral hepatitis. HEV was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in bile (3/4 animals) and feces (2/4 animals) and by imunoelectron microscopy (IEM) in the inoculum and one bile specimen. A genetic variant HEV was identified in one monkey. The Chad HEV produced hepatitis E with pathophysiologic and histopathologic findings similar to those observed with HEV from other geographic origins. A genomic variant HEV population was produced after one passage in a macaque. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Serv Sante Armees, Ctr Rech, Unite Virol, F-38702 La Tronche, France. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Anim Resources, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Fed Armed Forces Med Serv, Cent Inst, Koblenz, Germany. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP van Cuyck-Gandre, H (reprint author), Serv Sante Armees, Ctr Rech, Unite Virol, 24 Ave Maquis du Gresivaudan,BP87, F-38702 La Tronche, France. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 55 IS 3 BP 197 EP 202 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199807)55:3<197::AID-JMV3>3.0.CO;2-X PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA ZR677 UT WOS:000074002700003 PM 9624606 ER PT J AU Epstein, RM AF Epstein, RM TI Napoleon and Austerlitz SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Army Command & Gen Staff Coll, Sch Adv Military Studies, Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. RP Epstein, RM (reprint author), US Army Command & Gen Staff Coll, Sch Adv Military Studies, Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 62 IS 3 BP 623 EP 624 DI 10.2307/120444 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 102KQ UT WOS:000074923800010 ER PT J AU Kiesling, EC AF Kiesling, EC TI The origins of the Second World War SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kiesling, EC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 62 IS 3 BP 652 EP 653 DI 10.2307/120465 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 102KQ UT WOS:000074923800032 ER PT J AU Cunningham, KR AF Cunningham, KR TI Endless frontier: Vannevar Bush, engineer of the American century SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Washington, DC USA. RP Cunningham, KR (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 62 IS 3 BP 671 EP 673 DI 10.2307/120479 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 102KQ UT WOS:000074923800046 ER PT J AU Manganaro, AM AF Manganaro, AM TI Caliber-persistent artery of the lip: Case report SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CANCER C1 USA Dent Corp, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Manganaro, AM (reprint author), 2436 Falcon Dr, Round Rock, TX 78681 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 56 IS 7 BP 895 EP 897 DI 10.1016/S0278-2391(98)90023-4 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA ZX684 UT WOS:000074543600024 PM 9663583 ER PT J AU Robie, DK Dinauer, CW Tuttle, RM Ward, DT Parry, R McClellan, D Svec, R Adair, C Francis, G AF Robie, DK Dinauer, CW Tuttle, RM Ward, DT Parry, R McClellan, D Svec, R Adair, C Francis, G TI The impact of initial surgical management on outcome in young patients with differentiated thyroid cancer SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Annual Meeting of the Section on Surgery of the American-Academy-of-Pediatrics CY OCT 31-NOV 02, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Acad Pediat, Sect Surg DE thyroid carcinoma; thyroidectomy ID FOLLOW-UP; CARCINOMA; CHILDREN; PAPILLARY; ADOLESCENTS; LOBECTOMY AB Background/Purpose: It is generally believed that differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in young patients has an excellent prognosis. This calls into question the need for more extensive surgical ablation of the thyroid gland with attendant risks of surgical complications. The purpose of this report was to investigate both the incidence of surgical morbidity and the impact of surgery on locoregional recurrence of disease. Methods: The authors reviewed the clinical course of patients under 22 years of age treated for DTC within Department of Defense hospitals since 1950. Data were available for determination of surgical morbidity in 126 and for outcome in 105. Results: The incidence of postoperative hypocalcemia was 17% and of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury 3%. Factors predictive of morbidity were (1) more extensive thyroid surgery (P=.023), and (2) the presence of gross tumor invasion (P=.022). The incidence of neck recurrence was analyzed among a cohort of 90 patients. A total of 19 (21%) patients had a local recurrence. The median time to recurrence was 24 months. The factor predictive of recurrence was the presence of gross invasion (P=.0001). A strong trend toward locoregional recurrence was found among patients with metastatic disease to more than five cervical nodes (P <.08). The primary operations on the thyroid and regional nodes were not significant predictors of neck recurrence. Among these 19 patients there have been no deaths, but 25% had persistent disease at a mean follow-up of 12.6 years. Conclusions: The incidence of surgical morbidity does increase with more extensive surgery. Outcome is predicted primarily by the initial extent of disease. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Endocrine & Otorhinolaryng Head & Neck Patho, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Robie, DK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 20 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0022-3468 J9 J PEDIATR SURG JI J. Pediatr. Surg. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 33 IS 7 BP 1134 EP 1138 DI 10.1016/S0022-3468(98)90546-2 PG 5 WC Pediatrics; Surgery SC Pediatrics; Surgery GA 100XU UT WOS:000074841300064 PM 9694109 ER PT J AU Robie, DK Naulty, CM Parry, RL Motta, C Darling, B Micheals, M Poropatich, RK Gomez, ER AF Robie, DK Naulty, CM Parry, RL Motta, C Darling, B Micheals, M Poropatich, RK Gomez, ER TI Early experience using telemedicine for neonatal surgical consultations SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Annual Meeting of the Section on Surgery of the American-Academy-of-Pediatrics CY OCT 31-NOV 02, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Acad Pediat, Sect Surg DE telemedicine; neonatology AB Background/Purpose: Telemedicine affords the opportunity to extend the presence of surgical evaluation to centers without an on-site pediatric surgeon. However, concern for cost, accuracy of diagnosis, and physician acceptance have limited its use. Methods: Using a low-cost, desktop computer-based system, this study was designed to test the effectiveness of telemedicine in neonatal surgical consultation. Results: Early experience with six video-teleconference (VTC) and six store-and-forward consultations are presented. Diagnosis was established accurately in all cases. With the three intestinal cases (jejunal atresia, duplication cyst, and r/o malrotation), diagnostic studies were guided by the images transmitted with the consult. Earlier care could be implemented in other cases. Technical problems were encountered primarily with the VTC modality, which also proved more consuming of physician time. Conclusions: Telemedicine was used successfully in each case and proved accurate in diagnosis and guiding further evaluation. This is the first report of the use of telemedicine for surgical consultation in the intensive care nursery. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Telemed Directorate, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Robie, DK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0022-3468 J9 J PEDIATR SURG JI J. Pediatr. Surg. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 33 IS 7 BP 1172 EP 1176 DI 10.1016/S0022-3468(98)90554-1 PG 5 WC Pediatrics; Surgery SC Pediatrics; Surgery GA 100XU UT WOS:000074841300079 PM 9694117 ER PT J AU Nowakowski, JL Courtney, BC Bing, QA Adler, M AF Nowakowski, JL Courtney, BC Bing, QA Adler, M TI Production of an expression system for a synaptobrevin fragment to monitor cleavage by botulinum neurotoxin B SO JOURNAL OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxin; synaptobrevin; thioredoxin; recombinant DNA ID TETANUS; VAMP/SYNAPTOBREVIN; RELEASE; VESICLE; HEAVY AB Recombinant DNA techniques were used to develop an expression system for a 51-amino acid peptide fragment that encompasses residues 44-94 of human synaptobrevin 2. This protein is associated with secretory vesicles of nerve terminals and is a substrate for four of the seven serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT). The DNA for the recombinant peptide was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and cloned into the pTrxFus vector. The resulting synaptobrevin peptide was expressed as a thioredoxin fusion protein in E. coli and released into the medium by osmotic lysis. The 18.7-kDa thioredoxin-synaptobrevin protein, designated as TSB-51, is intended for use in a cell-free assay to test potential inhibitors of BoNT/B-mediated proteolysis of synaptobrevin with the ultimate aim of developing clinically effective therapeutic agents to counteract botulism. Incubation of TSB-51 with the purified light chain of BoNT/B resulted in proteolysis which was evident within 30 min and increased with time until completion (similar to 4 hr). Cleavage of TSB-51 appeared to be at the appropriate BoNT/B cleavage site as indicated by a reduced intensity of the 18.7-kDa band and the appearance of a band at 16.4 kDa on Tris-tricene polyacrylamide gradient gels. The concentration of free Zn2+ bad a significant effect on the cleavage rate; low Zn2+ concentrations stimulated substrate cleavage, whereas high concentrations were inhibitory. Cleavage was not significantly depressed by the naturally occurring metalloprotease inhibitor phosphoramidon when tested at concentrations up to 5 mM. TSB-51 appears to be a useful substrate for studying BoNT/B and is expected to aid in the discovery of effective BoNT inhibitors. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Appl Pharmacol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Nowakowski, JL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0277-8033 J9 J PROTEIN CHEM JI J. Protein Chem. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 17 IS 5 BP 453 EP 462 DI 10.1023/A:1022570518330 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 106DT UT WOS:000075115100006 PM 9717740 ER PT J AU Kufeld, RM Bousman, WG AF Kufeld, RM Bousman, WG TI High load conditions measured on a UH-60A in maneuvering flight SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st Annual Forum of the American-Helicopter-Society CY MAY 09-11, 1995 CL FT WORTH, TEXAS SP Amer Helicopter Soc AB Maneuver data obtained under the NASA/Arrny UH60A Airloads Program are examined qualitatively to show the effects of maneuvering flight conditions on rotor loads. Two test conditions have been selected for review based on a comparison of an 68 maneuver conditions flown in the test program. These two conditions were selected because they ranked in the top ten for rotor load severity and show two different types of non-linear aerodynamic behavior, three-dimensional compressibility and dynamic stall, A detailed assessment of the section lift and moment calculated from measured pressures for each condition is used to provide insight into these two phenomenon. C1 USA, NASA, Rotorcraft Div, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. USA, NASA, Rotorcraft Div, US Army Aeroflightdynam Directorate AMCOM, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Kufeld, RM (reprint author), USA, NASA, Rotorcraft Div, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 43 IS 3 BP 202 EP 211 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 108NA UT WOS:000075271300003 ER PT J AU Srinivas, V Chopra, T Nixon, MW AF Srinivas, V Chopra, T Nixon, MW TI Aeroelastic analysis of advanced geometry tiltrotor aircraft SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB A tiltrotor model is formulated to predict the aeroelastic response and stability of composite-coupled advanced geometry rotors, Advanced geometry rotor blades are modeled with arbitrary sweep, anhedral, pretwist and planform taper variation with span. The effect of advanced geometry blades on the tiltrotor response and whirl flutter stability in airplane mode is studied, Blade tip sweep and tip anhedral increase the flutter speed while forward tip sweep, tip dihedral and planform taper decrease it. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, Alfred Gessow Rotorcraft Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Vehicle Struct Directorate, NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA. RP Srinivas, V (reprint author), Engn Technol Associates, Madison Hts, MI 48071 USA. NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 43 IS 3 BP 212 EP 221 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 108NA UT WOS:000075271300004 ER PT J AU MacKenzie, JD Donovan, SM Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Holloway, PH Linares, R Zavada, J Chai, B AF MacKenzie, JD Donovan, SM Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Holloway, PH Linares, R Zavada, J Chai, B TI Growth of III-nitrides on ZnO, LiGaO2, and LiAlO2 substrates SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The use of oxide substrates for growth of III-nitride materials has been investigated. ZnO did not produce any improvement in InAln or AlN material quality over that obtained using optimized growth conditions on sapphire or GaAs. This is believed to be due to the poor thermal stability of ZnO and to the absence of the formation of a nitride layer at the substrate surface which acts as both a protective layer and as an aid to nucleation. The poor thermal stability of the ZnO prevented the use of a pre-growth plasma anneal. Such an anneal was found to produce significant improvement in the surface morphology and structural quality of AlN grown on sapphire. Though (100) LiGaO2 and (100) LiAlO2 exhibited greater thermal stability, preliminary experiments on growth of GaN on LiGaO2 and InN on LiAlO2 suggest that, as for sapphire, low temperature buffers may be required to improve nucleation behavior. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Linares Management Assoc, Medfield, MA 02052 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP MacKenzie, JD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 145 IS 7 BP 2581 EP 2585 DI 10.1149/1.1838684 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA ZX043 UT WOS:000074474500064 ER PT J AU Sibilia, C Nefedov, IS Scalora, M Bertolotti, M AF Sibilia, C Nefedov, IS Scalora, M Bertolotti, M TI Electromagnetic mode density for finite quasi-periodic structures SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTONIC BAND-GAP; PULSE-PROPAGATION; EMISSION; DELAY; TIMES AB The transmission properties of quasi-periodic Canter-like and Fibonacci photonic bandgap structures that have the same optical paths are studied and compared with one-dimensional, finite, N-period stacks. The electromagnetic mode densities and group velocities are also discussed. We show that the density of modes at the edge of the bandgap is greater for Canter-like multilayers, so at the band edge a sharp decrease in the group velocity is found. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Rome La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Radio Engn & Elect, Saratov Branch, Saratov 410019, Russia. USA, Army Aviat & Missile Command, Weapons Sci Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Univ Rome La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. RP Sibilia, C (reprint author), Univ Rome La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, Via Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. NR 16 TC 63 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1947 EP 1952 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.15.001947 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZZ034 UT WOS:000074688700016 ER PT J AU Yarlagadda, S Fink, BK Gillespie, JW AF Yarlagadda, S Fink, BK Gillespie, JW TI Resistive susceptor design for uniform heating during induction bonding of composites SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB A novel susceptor concept for metal mesh susceptors, designed to achieve uniform in-plane temperatures during induction heating, is documented. The process involves redirecting eddy current flow patterns in the resistive mesh susceptor by specifically designed cut patterns in the mesh. A theoretical model was developed to predict heat generation in metal mesh susceptors with any prescribed network pattern. Initial results for meshes with cut patterns show significant changes in heating compared to an uncut mesh. Cut patterns can be optimized to reduce temperature gradients in the susceptor to with in the processing window of the composite. Experimental results are presented for qualitative comparisons. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Delaware, Mat Sci Program, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Yarlagadda, S (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 13 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 USA SN 0892-7057 J9 J THERMOPLAST COMPOS JI J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 11 IS 4 BP 321 EP 337 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 102KV UT WOS:000074924200003 ER PT J AU Brennan, RJ Burkle, FM Burkholder, BT Lillibridge, SR AF Brennan, RJ Burkle, FM Burkholder, BT Lillibridge, SR TI Untitled SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Letter ID DISPLACED PERSONS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; MORTALITY; SOMALIA; WAR C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Ctr Excellence Disaster Management & Humanitarian, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Brennan, RJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Ctr Excellence Disaster Management & Humanitarian, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUL PY 1998 VL 45 IS 1 BP 175 EP 175 DI 10.1097/00005373-199807000-00041 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 101TA UT WOS:000074883200045 PM 9680037 ER PT J AU Anema, JG Rozanski, TA AF Anema, JG Rozanski, TA TI Posterior urethral valves presenting as post-ejaculatory dysuria in a 29-year-old physician SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urethral obstruction; urethra; pain; adult C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, San Antonio, TX 78201 USA. RP Anema, JG (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, San Antonio, TX 78201 USA. NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 160 IS 1 BP 126 EP 127 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63056-8 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZT003 UT WOS:000074037800049 PM 9628623 ER PT J AU Michael, NL Nelson, JAE Kewalramani, VN Chang, G O'Brien, SJ Mascola, JR Volsky, B Louder, M White, GC Litman, DR Swanstrom, R O'Brien, TR AF Michael, NL Nelson, JAE Kewalramani, VN Chang, G O'Brien, SJ Mascola, JR Volsky, B Louder, M White, GC Litman, DR Swanstrom, R O'Brien, TR TI Exclusive and persistent use of the entry coreceptor CXCR4 by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from a subject homozygous for CCR5 Delta 32 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIV-1 INFECTION; CELL-LINE; TROPIC HIV-1; RECEPTOR; AIDS; MIP-1-ALPHA; PROGRESSION; RETROVIRUS; MIP-1-BETA; RANTES AB Individuals who are homozygous for the 32-bp deletion in the gene coding for the chemokine receptor and major human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coreceptor CCR5 (CCR5 -/-) lack functional cell surface CCR5 molecules and are relatively resistant to HIV-1 infection. HIV-1 infection in CCR5 -/- individuals, although rare, has been increasingly documented. We now report that the viral quasispecies from one such individual throughout disease is homogenous, T cell line tropic, and phenotypically syncytium inducing (SI); exclusively uses CXCR4; and replicates well in CCR5 -/- primary T cells. The recently discovered coreceptors BOB and Bonzo are not used. Although early and persistent SI variants have been described in longitudinal studies, this is the first demonstration of exclusive and persistent CXCR4 usage. With the caveat that the earliest viruses available from this subject were from approximately 4 years following primary infection, these data suggest that HIV-1 infection can be mediated and persistently maintained by viruses which exclusively utilize CXCR4. The lack of evolution toward the available minor coreceptors in this subject underscores the dominant biological roles of the major coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4. This and two similar subjects (R. Biti, R. Ffrench, J. Young, B. Bennetts, G. Stewart, and T. Liang, Nat. Med. 3:252-253, 1997; I. Theodoreu, L. Meyer, M. Magierowska, C. Katlama, and C. Rouzioux, Lancet 349:1219-1220, 1997) showed relatively rapid CD4(+) T-cell declines despite average or low initial viral RNA load. Since viruses which use CXCR4 exclusively cannot infect macrophages, these data have implications for the relative infection of the T cell compartment versus the macrophage compartment in vivo and for the development of CCR5-based therapeutics. C1 NCI, Viral Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NCI, Lab Genom Divers, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. USN, Med Res Inst, Dept Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Div Hematol & Oncol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. NYU Med Ctr, Skirball Inst, New York, NY 10016 USA. NYU Med Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP O'Brien, TR (reprint author), NCI, Viral Epidemiol Branch, NIH, EPN 434,6130 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [T32 CA009156, T32-CA-09156, N01-CP-85649] NR 61 TC 135 Z9 138 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 72 IS 7 BP 6040 EP 6047 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA ZU089 UT WOS:000074160500083 PM 9621067 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The merchant prince of Dodge City: The life and times of Robert M. Wright. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 123 IS 12 BP 109 EP 109 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA ZZ269 UT WOS:000074712500192 ER PT J AU Lee, GH Nicholls, RJ Birkemeier, WA AF Lee, GH Nicholls, RJ Birkemeier, WA TI Storm-driven variability of the beach-nearshore profile at Duck, North Carolina, USA, 1981-1991 SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE storm event(s); profile change; sediment volume; shoreface; Duck; NC; erosion; accretion ID SURF ZONES; MORPHOLOGY; SHOREFACE; MODEL AB The US Army Corps of Engineers' Field Research Facility (FRF) at Duck, North Carolina, has collected approximately biweekly beach-nearshore profile data to 8-m depth and associated wave data since 1981. Sediment budget analysis was used to examine the medium-scale (years to a decade) variability of the beach-nearshore profile from 1981 to 1991. Significant changes occurred during four groups of energetic storm events during February/March of 1983, 1987, 1989 and December 1989. Each group was comprised of at least two storms within a period of less than 39 days both with H-mo>4 m. During each storm group, offshore sediment movement caused a distinct outer bar to migrate offshore and grow in size resulting in an abrupt increase in the volume of sediment on the upper shoreface. The net profile changes were much larger than the changes due to single storms and the cumulative effect of the storms can be considered as one 'event'. During these events, the first storm appears to have a destabilizing effect on the profile which has insufficient time to recover before the second (and subsequent) storm(s). As a result, several storms in quick succession are able to have a large impact on the morphology. The intervening periods between the groups of storm events (termed fairweather conditions) lasted up to 4 years. They are characterized by slow, but steady sediment redistribution (averaging 33 m(3) m(-1) year(-1)) from the upper shoreface (>5 m depth) toward the shore, while the total sediment volume was effectively constant. The onshore feed of sediment was not significantly affected by individual storms during the fairweather conditions. These two processes of (1) morphologic change during groups of storm events and (2) the steady onshore feed of sediments from the shoreface during fairweather conditions appear to play an important role on medium- and long-term profile evolution at least at Duck. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23052 USA. Middlesex Univ, Enfield EN3 4SF, Middx, England. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Field Res Facil, Kitty Hawk, NC 27949 USA. RP Nicholls, RJ (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23052 USA. RI Nicholls, Robert/G-3898-2010 OI Nicholls, Robert/0000-0002-9715-1109 NR 34 TC 99 Z9 112 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 148 IS 3-4 BP 163 EP 177 DI 10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00010-3 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA ZX472 UT WOS:000074519500004 ER PT J AU Nicholls, RJ Birkemeier, WA Lee, GH AF Nicholls, RJ Birkemeier, WA Lee, GH TI Evaluation of depth of closure using data from Duck, NC, USA SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cross-shore; profile change; morphodynamics; shoreface; erosion; accretion ID TIME-DEPENDENT BEACH; PROFILE EVOLUTION; SHOREFACE PROFILE; NORTH-CAROLINA; NOURISHMENT; MORPHOLOGY; MODEL AB Using 12 years of frequent high precision profiles collected on a wave-dominated sandy oceanic beach to 8-m depth, the characteristics and interpretation of depth of closure - or the seaward limit of significant profile change - is critically examined. This includes evaluation of the predictive capability of d(1) - the seaward boundary of the littoral zone - Its originally defined by Hallermeier (1981) [Hallermeier, R.J., 1981. A profile zonation for seasonal sand beaches from wave climate. Coastal Eng. 4, 253-277.]. Depth of closure during major erosional events is usually produced by the seaward limit of offshore bar movement. Following the original recommendation of Hallermeier (1981), d(1) based on 12 h exceeded wave height and a reference depth of mean low water provides a robust limit to the observations using a 6-cm change criterion. Empirically, the observed depth of closure is 69% of d(1) although the scatter is large. This scatter is partly controlled by pre-event profile shape, most particularly bar configuration. Depth of closure under accretional conditions can also be measured, but it is time-scale-dependent as accretion is a slow, steady process, d(1) underpredicts closure for accretional situations. Time-interval (e.g., annual) depth of closure represents the integral effect of erosional and accretional events. An important observation of the data is that depth of closure increases with time scale. However, the full population of time-interval observations is not resolved at Duck due to the measurement limit (8-m depth). As time interval increases from 1 year to 8 years, less cases close. Most non-dosing time-interval cases coincide with the periods influenced by the most energetic wave events. However, time-interval closures are generally deeper than the biggest event closure in the period, showing that it represents more than the largest event. The frequency distribution of the data suggests that most, if not all, of these missing data simply represent closures deeper than 8-m depth. Up to a 4-year time interval, d(1,t) appears to provide a reasonable limit to the quantified observations. It is an interesting result that d(1) (an event-based approach) might provide a limit to closure over periods up to 4 years as these time-interval closures are generally larger than those produced by single storms. Therefore, the general applicability of this result for more complete data sets, or on rapidly evolving (i.e., eroding or accreting) coasts is uncertain. The present data also suggest that on swell-dominated coastlines where accretional processes are dominant, d(1) may underpredict closure, suggesting an important limitation to this approach. But as sediment would be moving onshore, this may not be a practical problem. Therefore, within the limits of the data set, Hallermeier's (1981) approach is found to define robust estimates of depth of closure, particularly for individual erosional events. This useful result is expected to find widespread application in coastal geology and engineering. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Middlesex Univ, Flood Hazard Res Ctr, Enfield EN3 4SF, Middx, England. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Field Res Facil, Kitty Hawk, NC 27949 USA. Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23052 USA. RP Nicholls, RJ (reprint author), Middlesex Univ, Flood Hazard Res Ctr, Enfield EN3 4SF, Middx, England. EM R.Nicholls@mdx.ac.uk RI Nicholls, Robert/G-3898-2010 OI Nicholls, Robert/0000-0002-9715-1109 NR 38 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 148 IS 3-4 BP 179 EP 201 DI 10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00011-5 PG 23 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA ZX472 UT WOS:000074519500005 ER PT J AU Wilson, JA Gulig, PA AF Wilson, JA Gulig, PA TI Regulation of the spvR gene of the Salmonella typhimurium virulence plasmid during exponential-phase growth in intracellular salts medium and at stationary phase in L broth SO MICROBIOLOGY-UK LA English DT Article DE Salmonella typhimurium; virulence; regulation; expression ID CHOLERAESUIS SEROVAR CHOLERAESUIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POSITIVE REGULATOR; SIGMA-FACTOR; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; DUBLIN; OPERON; RPOS; DNA AB The authors previously showed that the SpvR-regulated spvABCD operon of the Salmonella typhimurium virulence plasmid is highly induced during exponential-phase growth by salmonellae intracellularly in mammalian cells and in a medium designed to mimic the intracellular environment of mammalian cells, intracellular salts medium (ISM), as well as at stationary phase in L. broth (LB). The most relevant signal(s) for spy gene expression in vivo is not known. To elucidate the means by which salmonellae regulate the spy genes in response to the environment during the disease process, expression of the spvR gene, encoding the positive regulatory protein SpvR, was examined under these same growth conditions by using RNAse-protection analysis. spvR was expressed at a low, basal level during exponential growth in LB but was induced during exponential growth in ISM and during stationary phase in LB, the same conditions that increased expression of the spvABCD operon. Basal expression of spvR during exponential growth in LB was independent of both SpvR and the alternative sigma factor RpoS, whereas maximal induction of spvR was dependent on both SpvR and RpoS. In an RpoS(-) background, spvR message was decreased in stationary phase, whereas spvR exhibited residual RpoS(-) independent induction during exponential growth in ISM. Deletion of spvA from the virulence plasmid of S. typhimurium increased expression of spvR during stationary phase in LB, but not during exponential growth in ISM. These results suggest that expression of spvR is controlled by different, regulatory factors, depending on the growth conditions encountered by the salmonellae. C1 Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Gulig, PA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM gulig@college.med.ufl.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI24821] NR 52 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG7 1AE SN 1350-0872 J9 MICROBIOL-UK JI Microbiology-(UK) PD JUL PY 1998 VL 144 BP 1823 EP 1833 PN 7 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 103KR UT WOS:000075000100014 PM 9695915 ER PT J AU Swisher, ED Wobster, R Armstrong, A AF Swisher, ED Wobster, R Armstrong, A TI Age-related pregnancy rates in GIFT patients SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FERTILITY; DECLINE AB Objective: Fecundity and fertility decline with increasing age beginning as early as age 30 and decrease more precipitously after age 40.(1-7) The purpose of this study was to determine if pregnancy rates of patients attempting gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) are lower for women between the ages of 35 and 40, Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed to assess the age-specific pregnancy rates for patients in our GIFT program. We report the results of GIFT at Waiter Reed Army Medical Center and the National Naval Medical Center during the period from July 1, 1994, to July 1, 1995, Results: Fifty-six women aged 21 to 39 underwent one to three cycles of gamete intrafallopian transfer. The 72 tubal transfers performed resulted in 25 pregnancies (34.7% pregnancy rate per transfer). Conclusions: In this series, pregnancy rates did not differ significantly in women older than 35 years versus women younger than 35 years. The number of eggs collected decreased significantly with increasing age but was not significantly different between pregnant and nonpregnant patients. Previous reports demonstrate a clear decline in fertility and poor pregnancy rates with assisted reproductive technology in older women. We did not find age-related differences in pregnancy rates among women younger than 40 years undergoing GIFT during the period studied. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Swisher, ED (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 163 IS 7 BP 449 EP 450 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 102EA UT WOS:000074910000004 PM 9695608 ER PT J AU Lovell, MA Gaydos, JC AF Lovell, MA Gaydos, JC TI Control of workers' compensation claims and costs in the US Army SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The Army Medical Department has been implementing initiatives to reduce workers' compensation claims and costs since 1983, After years of an upward trend, reductions in both costs and claims were reported for 1995 and 1996. To assess efforts at managing workers' medical care and compensation in the Army, we reviewed Department of Defense and Department of the Army documents and studied data on claims and costs. We found several programs that were launched to control claims and associated costs. None of these programs adequately addressed the absence of real-time financial incentives for reducing compensation costs, a lack of acceptable workers' compensation data collection and data management systems, and a lack of emphasis on medical case management. To sustain this trend of decreased costs and claims, the Army must focus on (1) incentives, (2) data management systems, and (3) a comprehensive plan for medically managing workers' compensation claims and costs. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Lovell, MA (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 163 IS 7 BP 451 EP 455 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 102EA UT WOS:000074910000005 PM 9695609 ER PT J AU Coppola, MN Hudak, RP Bales, JD AF Coppola, MN Hudak, RP Bales, JD TI Variables affecting Army Physical Disability Processing SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SOMATIZATION AB This research identifies variables affecting the length of time to process a soldier through the U.S. Army Physical Disability Evaluation System (PDES), The subjects are 8,301 soldiers whose disability records were processed in fiscal year 1996, The dependent variable examined was the average number of days a soldier remains in the disability processing system. Independent variables included age, component, compensation award, Congressional involvement, gender, grade, retirement eligibility, race, length of service, formal Physical Evaluation Board (PEB), and regional FEB. Statistical analysis using linear regression and SPSS yielded an average length of stay (ALOS) of 155 days and a range of 1 to 2,052 days, The research shows that the most significant variables affecting ALOS are Congressional involvement, component, compensation, formal FEB, and regional FEB. The authors recommend a program of disability case management and increasing emphasis on transition assistance programs to reduce ALOS in the PDES. C1 USA, Total Personnel Command, Alexandria, VA 22332 USA. RP Coppola, MN (reprint author), USA, Total Personnel Command, Alexandria, VA 22332 USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 163 IS 7 BP 456 EP 460 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 102EA UT WOS:000074910000006 PM 9695610 ER PT J AU Stretch, RH Knudson, KH Durand, D AF Stretch, RH Knudson, KH Durand, D TI Effects of premilitary and military trauma on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in female and male active duty soldiers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VIETNAM VETERANS; RISK-FACTORS; GULF-WAR; ABUSE; ARMY; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; SAMPLE; IMPACT; PTSD AB We surveyed more than 1,000 female and male active duty soldiers to assess the effect of premilitary and military trauma on their psychological well-being. Questionnaire data were obtained on pertinent demographic information, history of trauma exposure, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), The results indicated significant gender differences in the types of traumatic events experienced, with females reporting more sexual traumas and males reporting more nonsexual traumas. In addition, males reported experiencing more military-related traumas, whereas females reported experiencing more premilitary traumas, The prevalence of PTSD symptoms was 8.6% for females and 5% for males. Recommendations are presented that may help mitigate development of PTSD symptoms in the future. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mil Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Stretch, RH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mil Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 20 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 163 IS 7 BP 466 EP 470 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 102EA UT WOS:000074910000008 PM 9695612 ER PT J AU Mascola, JR McNeil, JG Birx, DL AF Mascola, JR McNeil, JG Birx, DL TI Vaccine reactions SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20580 USA. RP Mascola, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20580 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 4 IS 7 BP 746 EP 746 DI 10.1038/nm0798-746a PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZX687 UT WOS:000074543900002 PM 9662343 ER PT J AU Evangelos, KL Hill, BM Saraf, SK Miller, J AF Evangelos, KL Hill, BM Saraf, SK Miller, J TI Convenience food logistics model (CFLM) SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB In an effort to evaluate the impact of incorporating convenience food products into Navy menus, the U.S. Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center with the assistance of Information Technology Solutions, Inc., developed the Convenience Food Logistics Model (CFLM) fbr the Naval Supply Systems Command. This management tool generates an optimized menu by substituting a user selected percentage of Armed Forces Recipe Service (AFRS) items with convenience food products. The optimization tool is a stand-alone Windows application which allows for optimization based on food cost, labor hours, and dry, chilled and freezes storage requirements. The results obtained and their implications for developing strategies to minimize logistical requirements for existing ships and 21st Century Navy warships are presented in this technical paper. C1 USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Soldier Syst Command, Sustainabil Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Evangelos, KL (reprint author), USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Soldier Syst Command, Sustainabil Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 USA SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 110 IS 4 BP 39 EP 50 PG 12 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 129HP UT WOS:000076458000003 ER PT J AU Meitzler, TJ Gerhart, GR Singh, H AF Meitzler, TJ Gerhart, GR Singh, H TI Special section guest editorial - Advances in Target Acquisition Modeling SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, TACOM, AMSTA, R,TR, Warren, MI 48397 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Meitzler, TJ (reprint author), USA, TACOM, AMSTA, R,TR, MS 263, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RI Meitzler, Thomas/D-1065-2017 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA POB 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 37 IS 7 BP 1900 EP 1901 DI 10.1117/1.601717 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZZ669 UT WOS:000074754700002 ER PT J AU Meitzler, TJ Kistner, RW Pibil, WT Sohn, E Bryk, D Bednarz, D AF Meitzler, TJ Kistner, RW Pibil, WT Sohn, E Bryk, D Bednarz, D TI Computing the probability of target detection in dynamic visual scenes containing clutter using fuzzy logic approach SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE target acquisition models; fuzzy logic theory; target detection; motion detection ID MODELING HUMAN SEARCH; ACQUISITION PERFORMANCE AB The probability of detection (P-d) Of moving targets in visually cluttered scenes is computed using the fuzzy logic approach (FLA). The FLA is presented as a robust method for the computation and prediction of the P-d Of targets in cluttered scenes with sparse data. A limited data set of visual imagery is used to model the relationships between several input parameters: the contrast, vehicle camouflage, range, aspect, width, and experimental P-d. The fuzzy and neurofuzzy models provide predicted P-d values that have 0.9 correlation with the experimental P-d's. The results obtained indicate the robustness of the fuzzy-based modeling techniques and the potential applicability of the FLA to those types of problems that have to do with the modeling of aided or unaided detection of a signal (acoustic, electromagnetic) in any spectral regime. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. USA, Mat Syst & Anal Act, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Meitzler, TJ (reprint author), USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RI Meitzler, Thomas/D-1065-2017 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA POB 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 37 IS 7 BP 1951 EP 1959 DI 10.1117/1.601847 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZZ669 UT WOS:000074754700008 ER PT J AU McManamey, JR AF McManamey, JR TI Predicting human observer performance with response equivalent delta-T SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE effective contrast; observer modeling; target detection; signature evaluation AB Blackwell described observer performance in terms of three variables: target size, contrast, and overall brightness. However, Blackwell's experiments involved uniform targets and backgrounds. Formulations for effective contrast to enable applying his data to generalized problems have resulted in substantial differences between observed and expected results. Response equivalent delta-T (REDT) is designed to solve this problem. REDT is a contrast metric that is defined in terms of the distance between a signature point and an experimentally derived threshold response surface. It provides more realistic predictions of target detectability than more customary contrast metrics in many situations involving nonuniform targets and backgrounds. In an appropriately controlled experiment, a correlation coefficient of 0.982 is obtained between observer data and REDT values. Although REDT has not been demonstrated to significantly outperform other contrast metrics in realistic applications, the scatter in such data can be understood in terms of uncontrolled variations in clutter, target size, and second-order image statistics, which describe texture. Gray-level cooccurrence matrices provide a plausible tool for understanding situations in which REDT fails to perform well. REDT is most appropriate when targets are small, resolution is low, and clutter is moderate to high. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, AMSEL RD NV SSA SAM McManamey, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP McManamey, JR (reprint author), USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, AMSEL RD NV SSA SAM McManamey, 10221 Burbeck Rd,Suite 430, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA POB 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 37 IS 7 BP 1960 EP 1968 DI 10.1117/1.601831 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZZ669 UT WOS:000074754700009 ER PT J AU Jacobs, EL O'Brien, G AF Jacobs, EL O'Brien, G TI Investigation of computational vision and principal component analysis with application to target classification SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE computational vision; principal component analysis; CAMAELEON; target classification; aided target recognition AB A comparison between metrics based on computational vision (CV) and principal component analysis (PCA) is been performed. A CV metric is developed based on the response of the CAMAELEON model and compared with a PCA metric on the basis of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target chip classification. The two techniques are not correlated and are, to some degree, independent. The independence of these techniques could be used to enhance the decision process in aided target recognition (ATR) applications. In addition, it appears that the use of PCA gives a simple way to detect the presence of a target. The evidence indicates that the method used here could be used as a sophisticated window filter to find regions of interest in images. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, CECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Jacobs, EL (reprint author), USA, CECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd,Suite 430, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA POB 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 37 IS 7 BP 2022 EP 2028 DI 10.1117/1.601891 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZZ669 UT WOS:000074754700015 ER PT J AU Pedersen, RC Person, DA AF Pedersen, RC Person, DA TI Cerebral vasculitis in an adolescent with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis SO PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS AB A 16-year-old girl with longstanding polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis was referred from Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia, for evaluation and management of weakness and joint pains. She had a right hemiparesis with central facial weakness, polyarticular arthritis, and a dense cataract of the left eye with phthisis bulbi, Extensive evaluation using magnetic resonance angiography revealed vasculitis of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. She was treated with "pulse" doses of methylprednisolone intravenously and she improved remarkably. Repeat angiography demonstrated dramatic improvement of the vasculitis. There is a paucity of literature regarding cerebral vasculitis in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. That literature is reviewed, and our patient is discussed with regard to the few published reports. (C) 1998 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Pedersen, RC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0887-8994 J9 PEDIATR NEUROL JI Pediatr. Neurol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 19 IS 1 BP 69 EP 73 DI 10.1016/S0887-8994(98)00022-8 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics GA ZZ483 UT WOS:000074733900013 PM 9682891 ER PT J AU Lee, PP Hwu, RJ Sadwick, LP Balasubramaniam, H Kumar, BR Chern, JH Lareau, RT AF Lee, PP Hwu, RJ Sadwick, LP Balasubramaniam, H Kumar, BR Chern, JH Lareau, RT TI Growth and characterization of DyP/GaAs and DyAs/GaAs-based heterostructures and superlattices SO PHYSICA E LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Modulated Semiconductor Structures CY JUL 14-18, 1997 CL UNIV CA, SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA HO UNIV CA DE rare earth group V compound; DyP; DyAs; semi-metal ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GAAS; CONTACTS; FILMS AB Details of the structural and electrical properties of epitaxial DyP/GaAs and DyAs/GaAs is reported. DyP is lattice matched to GaAs, with a room temperature mismatch of less than 0.01%. DyAs, on the other hand, has a mismatch of nearly 2.4%, Both DSIP and DyAs have been grown by solid source MBE using custom designed group V thermal cracker cells and group III high-temperature effusion cells. High-quality DyP and DyAs epilayers, as determined by XRD, TEM, and AFM analysis, were obtained for growth temperatures ranging from 500 degrees C to 600 degrees C with growth rates between 0.5 and 0.7 mu m/h. The DyP epilayers are n-type with measured electron concentrations of the order of 3 x 10(20) to 4 x 10(20) cm(-3). with room temperature mobilities of 250-300 cm(2)/V s, and with a barrier height of 0.75 eV to GaAs. The DyAs epilayers are also n-type with concentration of 1 x 10(21) to 2 x 10(21) cm(-3), with mobilities between 25 and 40 cm(2)/V s. DyP is stable in air with no apparent oxidation taking place, even after months of ambient exposure to untreated air. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Elect Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. USA, Res Labs, Red Bank, NJ 07703 USA. RP Lee, PP (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 3280 MEB, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-9477 J9 PHYSICA E JI Physica E PD JUL PY 1998 VL 2 IS 1-4 BP 358 EP 362 DI 10.1016/S1386-9477(98)00075-7 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 110LT UT WOS:000075383500075 ER PT J AU Adams, SR Parsons, GR AF Adams, SR Parsons, GR TI Laboratory-based measurements of swimming performance and related metabolic rates of field-sampled small mouth buffalo (Ictiobus bubalus): A study of seasonal changes SO PHYSIOLOGICAL ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; STANDARD METABOLISM; CHINOOK SALMON; STREAM FISHES; RAINBOW-TROUT; TEMPERATURE; EFFICIENCY; LIGATION; OXYGEN; SPEED AB Numerous studies have demonstrated how the performance physiology of fish may change when they are acclimated to designated laboratory temperatures, but few researchers have examined naturally occurring seasonal effects on several physiological parameters associated with swimming performance. Using field-acclimatized smallmouth buffalo (Ictiobus bubalus) collected each season, we report significant seasonal effects in the following variables: critical swimming speed (modified), metabolic rate (standard, active, and scope for activity), and swimming efficiency (total and net cost of transport). Underlying seasonal changes in performance was the reproductive cycle of buffalo, particularly the period of fall gonadal recrudescence. Compared with spring, fall buffalo had a significantly lower mean critical swimming speed (72%) and lower active metabolic rate (53%), even when tested at similar temperatures. During spring, buffalo had a high mean critical swimming speed and low net cost of transport in comparison with other seasons. Buffalo are known to participate in a spring migration and spawning that may require the increased performance and efficiency observed during that season, In addition, significant sex effects were detected in winter measurements of standard metabolic rate and net cost of transport, with females the more efficient swimmers. C1 Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Adams, SR (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, ER-A,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM adamsr1@ex1.wes.army.mil NR 42 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 8 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0031-935X J9 PHYSIOL ZOOL JI Physiol. Zool. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 71 IS 4 BP 350 EP 358 DI 10.1086/515419 PG 9 WC Physiology; Zoology SC Physiology; Zoology GA ZY266 UT WOS:000074602900002 PM 9678496 ER PT J AU Stillman, MJ Shukitt-Hale, B Levy, A Lieberman, HR AF Stillman, MJ Shukitt-Hale, B Levy, A Lieberman, HR TI Spatial memory under acute cold and restraint stress SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE learning; hypothermia; performance; radial arm maze; rats ID TO-SAMPLE PERFORMANCE; RATS; WATER; TEMPERATURE; HYPOTHERMIA; TASK; MAZE AB This study examined spatial memory as measured by radial arm maze (RAM) performance after exposure to two stress conditions and a normothermic-unrestrained control condition. Male Fischer 344 rats were trained on the win-shift RAM procedure for 7 days, by which time they achieved asymptotic performance. The next day, rats in the two stress groups were exposed to 15 min of restraint in either 37 degrees C water (normothermic-restraint) or in 20 degrees C water (cold-restraint). Rats were then allowed 40 min in a dry cage before being tested in the RAM. Performance was measured using the following dependent variables: number of correct out of the first eight choices, total number of choices, and time per choice. There were statistically significant effects of stress on all these variables; performance decrements were observed in both stress conditions relative to the normothermic-unrestrained condition. Normothermic-restrained rats displayed less impairment than cold-restrained rats on the stress day. Performance of normothermic-restrained rats returned to baseline levels the day after stress, whereas performance for the cold-restrained rats typically did not. This study demonstrates that: 1) restraint and cold stress impair performance on a memory task; and 2) impairment extent is related to stress severity. One of the mechanisms responsible for the observed behavioral deficits under cold stress may involve altered cholinergic function, because we previously demonstrated that hippocampal acetylcholine levels also decrease in relation to the severity of cold stress. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Geo Ctrs Inc, Newton, MA 02159 USA. Israel Inst Biol Res, Dept Pharmacol, IL-70450 Ness Ziona, Israel. RP Lieberman, HR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr & Biochem Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 20 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 64 IS 5 BP 605 EP 609 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(98)00091-2 PG 5 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 128RA UT WOS:000076418900005 PM 9817570 ER PT J AU Dertzbaugh, MT Cox, LM AF Dertzbaugh, MT Cox, LM TI The affinity of cholera toxin for Ni2+ ion SO PROTEIN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE affinity chromatography; cholera toxin; enterotoxins; gangliosides; nickel ID HEAT-LABILE ENTEROTOXIN; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; B-SUBUNIT; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; X-RAY; BINDING; RECEPTOR; PURIFICATION; PENTAMER AB Cholera toxin (CT) was shown to bind to immobilized Ni2+ ion. The affinity of CT for the complex required the presence of the Ni2+ ion, since CT was unable to bind in its absence. Binding was mediated by the B-subunit (CTB) as both CT and CTB bound to the resin, but not the A-subunit (CTA), Binding was reversible in the presence of imidazole and suggested that the affinity of CT for the Ni2+ ion was mediated by His residues. The heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli (LT), which is closely related to CT, was unable to bind to the Ni2+ ion. Comparison of amino acid sequences revealed the presence of three His residues in CT (positions 13, 57 and 94), but only one in LT (position 57), To confirm that the residues at positions 13 and 94 of CTB were responsible for the binding, they were changed to residues found in LTB, Changing His13-->Arg completely abrogated the ability of CTB to bind to Ni2+ ion. In contrast, the mutation of His 94-->Asn reduced, but did not abrogate, the ability of CTB to bind to Ni2+ ion. Based on calculated interatomic distances, it is unlikely that His13 and His94 are part of the same complex. There appear to be two separate binding sites, with the principal site involving His13 and a much weaker site involving His94, This latter site can only participate in binding if the complex involving His13 has formed. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Dertzbaugh, MT (reprint author), Joint Vaccine Acquisit Program, 1436 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM dertzbau@detrick.army.mil NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0269-2139 J9 PROTEIN ENG JI Protein Eng. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 11 IS 7 BP 577 EP 581 DI 10.1093/protein/11.7.577 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 110ZA UT WOS:000075410900009 PM 9740376 ER PT J AU Labbate, LA Cardena, E Dimitreva, J Roy, M Engel, CC AF Labbate, LA Cardena, E Dimitreva, J Roy, M Engel, CC TI Psychiatric syndromes in Persian Gulf War veterans: An association of handling dead bodies with somatoform disorders SO PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 150th Annual Meeting of the APA CY 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP APA DE somatoform disorder; posttraumatic stress disorder; major depression; Persian Gulf War; military ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; OPERATION-DESERT-STORM; FOLLOW-UP; SYMPTOMS; SOMATIZATION; RECOVERY; TRAUMA AB Background: Traumatic combat experience has been associated with the development of posttraumatic stress disorder, but there have been few studies about the association of military combat experience and the development of somatoform disorders. Methods: The authors evaluated 131 referred Gulf War veterans for medical and psychiatric syndromes thought related to their involvement in the Gulf War. Patients completed questionnaires regarding their traumatic experiences and were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM III-R. Results: For the sample, 69% had axis I conditions. Major depression, undifferentiated somatoform and posttraumatic stress disorders were the most common diagnoses. Reports of traumatic events were associated with both posttraumatic stress disorder (p < 0.05) and somatoform diagnoses (p < 0.05). Veterans who handled dead bodies had a 3-fold risk of receiving a somatoform diagnosis (p < 0.05), Conclusions: Psychiatric syndromes may explain some medical complaints following involvement in the Persian Gulf War. The results suggest that some psychological and nonspecific somatic symptoms persisting since the Gulf War may be related to exposure to psychological trauma. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, VA Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Labbate, LA (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, VA Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-3190 J9 PSYCHOTHER PSYCHOSOM JI Psychother. Psychosom. PD JUL-OCT PY 1998 VL 67 IS 4-5 BP 275 EP 279 DI 10.1159/000012292 PG 5 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 107TP UT WOS:000075226200013 PM 9693357 ER PT J AU Helgason, JW Chandnani, VP AF Helgason, JW Chandnani, VP TI MR arthrography of the ankle SO RADIOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID GADOPENTETATE DIMEGLUMINE; CT ARTHROGRAPHY; INSTABILITY; CARTILAGE; LIGAMENTS; SAFETY AB Injuries to the lateral ankle ligaments are extremely common. Many patients with acute injuries to the lateral ligament complex develop chronic ankle instability that requires surgical intervention. MR arthrography of the ankle plays a valuable role in identifying those patients who are most at risk for the development of chronic instability. MR arthrography of the ankle also aids in preoperative planning and in differentiating among other entities that can present as ankle instability. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Radiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Chandnani, VP (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Radiol, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM chandnani@rad.arad.upmc.edu NR 31 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0033-8389 J9 RADIOL CLIN N AM JI Radiol. Clin. N. Am. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 36 IS 4 BP 729 EP + DI 10.1016/S0033-8389(05)70058-0 PG 11 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZZ444 UT WOS:000074730000009 PM 9673649 ER PT J AU Schrader, SM Langford, RE Turner, RW Breitenstein, MJ Clark, JC Jenkins, BL Lundy, DO Simon, SD Weyandt, TB AF Schrader, SM Langford, RE Turner, RW Breitenstein, MJ Clark, JC Jenkins, BL Lundy, DO Simon, SD Weyandt, TB TI Reproductive function in relation to duty assignments among military personnel SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE semen analysis; army; military; radar; howitzer; exposure; occupational ID SEMEN AB As a follow-up to the pilot study of semen quality of soldiers with various military assignments a larger, more complete study was conducted. Soldiers were recruited at Fort Hood, Texas. Thirty-three men were exposed to radar as part of their duty assignment in the Signal Corps, 57 men were involved with firing the 155 mm howitzer (potential lead exposure), and 103 soldiers had neither lead nor radar exposure and served as the comparison control group. Both serum and urinary follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone and serum, salivary, and urine testosterone levels were determined in all men. A complete semen analysis was conducted on each soldier. For statistical analysis, the primary study variables were: sperm concentration, sperm/ejaculate, semen volume, percent normal morphology, percent motile, percent viable (both vital stain and hypoosmotic swelling), curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, linearity, sperm head length, width, area, and perimeter. Variables were adjusted for significant confounders (e.g., abstinence, sample age, race). No statistical differences (P < 0.05) were observed in any measurement. While these results are in agreement with two previous studies assessing soldiers firing the 155-mm howitzer, they contradict our previous report indicating that radar exposure caused a significant decrease in sperm numbers. A possible explanation is that the radar exposure in this study was that used in Signal Corps operations while the men in the previous study were using different radar as part of military intelligence operations. The data presented here in men firing the 155-mm howitzer combined with the results from the previous studies confirms that there are no deficits in semen quality in these men. The contradiction between the results of the radar exposure studies indicates that more data are needed to evaluate the relationship of military radar and male reproductive health. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. 227th Med Detachment, Corps 1, Ft Lewis, WA USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Schrader, SM (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS-C23,46776 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RI Schrader, Steven/E-8120-2011 NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 12 IS 4 BP 465 EP 468 DI 10.1016/S0890-6238(98)00023-9 PG 4 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 104EN UT WOS:000075001900006 PM 9717697 ER PT J AU Larsen, CJ AF Larsen, CJ TI Quasiconvexification in W-1,W-1 and optimal jump microstructure in BV relaxation SO SIAM JOURNAL ON MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE quasiconvex; lower semicontinuous; microstructure; bounded variation; relaxation ID LOWER SEMICONTINUITY; FINITE PERIMETER; FUNCTIONALS; PARTITIONS; INTEGRANDS; SETS AB An integral representation for the relaxation in BV(Omega; R-p) of the functional u bar right arrow integral Omega W(del u(x))dx + HN-1 (S(u)) with respect to BV weak * convergence is obtained. The bulk term in the integral representation reduces to the quasiconvexification of W, and we describe optimal behavior of approximating sequences along S(u), for scalar valued u. C1 Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Larsen, CJ (reprint author), Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. EM cjlarsen@wpi.edu NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 0036-1410 J9 SIAM J MATH ANAL JI SIAM J. Math. Anal. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 29 IS 4 BP 823 EP 848 DI 10.1137/S0036141095295991 PG 26 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA ZG273 UT WOS:000072984500001 ER PT J AU Adler, M Sweeney, R AF Adler, M Sweeney, R TI A novel method for producing stimulation patterns to assess skeletal muscle contractility SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article DE motor units; physostigmine; repetitive stimulation; skeletal muscle; tetanic fade AB A novel stimulator was developed to examine the contribution of diaphragmatic failure to the toxicity of cholinesterase inhibitors. The hardware consisted of a laboratory computer equipped with an analog input/output board. The pulses were generated by a computer program written in Fortran-77 and assembly Language and were amplified to the range required for nerve stimulation by an operational amplifier in a voltage follower configuration. The salient feature of the stimulator was its ability to produce diaphragmatic contractions where increases in firing frequency and motor unit recruitment occur simultaneously during each inspiratory cycle. This method has been designated as "contour stimulation" to distinguish it from conventional repetitive stimulation where pulse amplitudes and frequencies are fixed for each train. When. tested on in vitro preparations of rat diaphragm muscle during physostigmine-induced cholinesterase blockade, both conventional and contour stimulation led to marked tetanic fade. However contour pulses that were amplitude modulated produced less fade than those generated by conventional repetitive stimulation. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR, UV,PN,Neurotoxicol Branch,Pharmacol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. DAKKRO Corp, Littleton, CO USA. RP Adler, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR, UV,PN,Neurotoxicol Branch,Pharmacol Div, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD JUL-SEP PY 1998 VL 8 IS 3 BP 207 EP 217 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 122CN UT WOS:000076053400003 ER PT J AU Casleton, BG Salata, K Dasch, GA Strickman, D Kelly, DJ AF Casleton, BG Salata, K Dasch, GA Strickman, D Kelly, DJ TI Recovery and viability of Orientia tsutsugamushi from packed red cells and the danger of acquiring scrub typhus from blood transfusion SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; RICKETTSIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; EHRLICHIOSIS; INFECTIONS; ANTIBODIES; MICE; GENE AB BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine whether infective Orientia tsutsugamushi, the etiologic agent of scrub typhus, could survive normal blood banking processing and storage procedures. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Mononuclear cells isolated from whole blood by density gradient centrifugation were inoculated with O. tsutsugamushi, Karp strain. Infection of the mononuclear cells was confirmed by Giemsa stain, direct fluorescent antibody assay, and polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for the groESL operon of O. tsutsogamushi.The quantity of rickettsia[ particles in each preparation was determined by direct counts from the Giemsa-stained preparations. Infected mononuclear cells were returned to their respective aliquots of packed red blood cells, which were then either stored at 4 degrees C or glycerolized and frozen at -70 degrees C. RESULTS: Rickettsiae survived up to 10 days (but not 30 days) of refrigerated storage and 45 days of frozen storage, as determined by inoculation of mice with 0.5-mL aliquots of the blood components. Infection of the mice was determined by illness, death, direct fluorescent antibody assay of peritoneal smears, polymerase chain reaction of blood, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection of antibodies in plasma. CONCLUSION: Because the quantity of rickettsiae injected into the mice was comparable to the quantity reported in the literature for human blood during natural infections, scrub typhus could present a risk in blood collected from donors in endemic areas. This may especially be true, because people can be rickettsemic before illness, after successful antibiotic treatment, and chronically after resolution of disease. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Rickettsial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Res Operat Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Res Inst, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Program, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Kelly, DJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Rickettsial Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 50 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUL PY 1998 VL 38 IS 7 BP 680 EP 689 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1998.38798346638.x PG 10 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 102ZN UT WOS:000074956300011 PM 9683108 ER PT J AU Heath, DG Anderson, GW Mauro, JM Welkos, SL Andrews, GP Adamovicz, J Friedlander, AM AF Heath, DG Anderson, GW Mauro, JM Welkos, SL Andrews, GP Adamovicz, J Friedlander, AM TI Protection against experimental bubonic and pneumonic plague by a recombinant capsular F1-V antigen fusion protein vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Yersinia pestis; recombinant vaccine; plague ID YERSINIA-PESTIS; V-ANTIGEN; ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION; MICE; VIRULENCE; PEPTIDE; PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; FRACTION-1; IMMUNITY; PLASMID AB The current human whole-cell vaccine is ineffective against pneumonic plague caused by typical F1 capsule positive (F1(+)) strains of Yersinia pestis. The authors found this vaccine to also be ineffective against F1-negative (F1(-)) Y. pestis strains, which have been isolated from a human case and from rodents. For these reasons, the authors developed a recombinant vaccine composed of a fusion protein of F1 with a second protective immunogen, V antigen. This vaccine protected experimental mice against pneumonic as well as bubonic plague produced by either an F1(+) or F1(-) strain of Y. pestis, gave better protection than F1 or V alone against the F1(+) strain, and may provide the basis for an improved human plague vaccine. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Geocenters Inc, Ft Washington, MD 20744 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ft Washington, MD 20744 USA. RP Friedlander, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM friedlan@ncifcrf.gov NR 43 TC 187 Z9 201 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL PY 1998 VL 16 IS 11-12 BP 1131 EP 1137 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(98)80110-2 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZX643 UT WOS:000074539100011 PM 9682370 ER PT J AU Ivins, BE Pitt, MLM Fellows, PF Farchaus, JW Benner, GE Waag, DM Little, SF Anderson, GW Gibbs, PH Friedlander, AM AF Ivins, BE Pitt, MLM Fellows, PF Farchaus, JW Benner, GE Waag, DM Little, SF Anderson, GW Gibbs, PH Friedlander, AM TI Comparative efficacy of experimental anthrax vaccine candidates against inhalation anthrax in rhesus macaques SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; vaccine ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; GUINEA-PIGS; SPORE CHALLENGE; ANTIBODIES; IMMUNITY; TOXIN; IMMUNIZATION; RELEVANCE; ADJUVANTS AB The authors examined the efficacy of Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA) combined with adjuvants as vaccines against an aerosol challenge of virulent anthrax spores in rhesus macaques. Adjuvants tested included i) aluminum hydroxide (Alhydrogel), ii) saponin QS-21 and iii) monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) in squalene/lecithin/Tween 80 emulsion (SLT). Animals were immunized once with either 50 mu g of recombinant PA plus adjuvant, or with Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA), the licensed human anthrax vaccine. The serological response to PA was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lymphocyte proliferation and serum neutralization of in vitro lethal toxin cytotoxicity were also assayed. In all vaccine groups, anti-PA IgM and IgG titers peaked at 2 weeks and 4-5 weeks postimmunization, respectively. Five weeks postimmunization, animals in all vaccine groups demonstrated PA-specific lymphocyte proliferation and sera that neutralized in vitro cytotoxicity. Six weeks after immunization, the animals were challenged by aerosol with approximately 93 LD50 of virulent anthrax spores. Animals were bled daily for 1 week to monitor bacteremia, and deaths were recorded. Anti-PA ELISA titers in all groups of immunized animals were substantially increased 2 weeks after challenge. One dose of each vaccine provided significant protection (> 90%) against inhalation anthrax in the rhesus macaques. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Biometr & Informat Management Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ivins, BE (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM bruce_ivins@detrick.army.mil NR 52 TC 169 Z9 176 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL PY 1998 VL 16 IS 11-12 BP 1141 EP 1148 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(98)80112-6 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZX643 UT WOS:000074539100013 PM 9682372 ER PT J AU Rogers, CJ AF Rogers, CJ TI An unknown news bulletin from the Siege of Tournai in 1340 SO WAR IN HISTORY LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rogers, CJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 3BH SN 0968-3445 J9 WAR HIST JI War Hist. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 5 IS 3 BP 358 EP 366 PG 9 WC History; International Relations SC History; International Relations GA 111DQ UT WOS:000075422400005 ER PT J AU Samuelson, LA Anagnostopoulos, A Alva, KS Kumar, J Tripathy, SK AF Samuelson, LA Anagnostopoulos, A Alva, KS Kumar, J Tripathy, SK TI Biologically derived conducting and water soluble polyaniline SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID TO-METAL TRANSITION; ACID; EMERALDINE; POLYMERS C1 USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem & Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP Samuelson, LA (reprint author), USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 25 TC 143 Z9 149 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 30 PY 1998 VL 31 IS 13 BP 4376 EP 4378 DI 10.1021/ma980258y PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ZY494 UT WOS:000074627400045 ER PT J AU Roberts, F Roberts, CW Johnson, JJ Kyle, DE Krell, T Coggins, JR Coombs, GH Milhous, WK Tzipori, S Ferguson, DJP Chakrabarti, D McLeod, R AF Roberts, F Roberts, CW Johnson, JJ Kyle, DE Krell, T Coggins, JR Coombs, GH Milhous, WK Tzipori, S Ferguson, DJP Chakrabarti, D McLeod, R TI Evidence for the shikimate pathway in apicomplexan parasites SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID CHORISMATE SYNTHASE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; CLONING; GENES; ACID; 3-PHOSPHATE; SULFADOXINE; GLYPHOSATE; MECHANISMS AB Parasites of the phylum Apicomplexa cause substantial morbidity, mortality and economic losses, and new medicines to treat them are needed urgently(1,2). The shikimate pathway is an attractive target for herbicides and antimicrobial agents because it is essential in algae, higher plants, bacteria and fungi, but absent from mammals(3,4). Here we present biochemical, genetic and chemotherapeutic evidence for the presence of enzymes of the shikimate pathway in apicomplexan parasites. In vitro growth of Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium falciparum (malaria) and Cryptosporidium parvum was inhibited by the herbicide glyphosate, a well-characterized inhibitor(3) of the shikimate pathway enzyme 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate 3-phosphate synthase. This effect on T. gondii and P. falciparum was reversed by treatment with p-aminobenzoate, which suggests that the shikimate pathway supplies folate precursors for their growth. Glyphosate in combination with pyrimethamine limited T. gondii infection in mice. Four shikimate pathway enzymes were detected in extracts of I: gondii and glyphosate inhibited 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate 3-phosphate synthase activity. Genes encoding chorismate synthase, the final shikimate pathway enzyme, were cloned from T. gondii and P.falciparum This discovery of a functional shikimate pathway in apicomplexan parasites provides several targets for the development of new antiparasite agents. C1 Michael Reese Hosp & Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Univ Strathclyde, Dept Immunol, Glasgow G4 0NR, Lanark, Scotland. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Glasgow, Inst Biomed & Life Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Tufts Univ, Sch Vet Med, N Grafton, MA 01536 USA. Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP McLeod, R (reprint author), Michael Reese Hosp & Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RI Roberts, Craig/B-8016-2008; OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-0653-835X; Ferguson, David/0000-0001-5045-819X FU Wellcome Trust NR 30 TC 351 Z9 369 U1 2 U2 40 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 25 PY 1998 VL 393 IS 6687 BP 801 EP 805 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZW652 UT WOS:000074433100053 PM 9655396 ER PT J AU Talyansky, V Vispute, RD Ramesh, R Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T Li, YX Salamanca-Riba, LG Wood, MC Lareau, RT Jones, KA Iliadis, AA AF Talyansky, V Vispute, RD Ramesh, R Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T Li, YX Salamanca-Riba, LG Wood, MC Lareau, RT Jones, KA Iliadis, AA TI Fabrication and characterization of epitaxial AlN/TiN bilayers on sapphire SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE aluminum nitride; titanium nitride; heterostructure; laser ablation ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; TITANIUM NITRIDE FILMS; LAYERS; GROWTH; ALN AB We have grown high quality AlN/TiN heterostructures on sapphire (0001) substrates using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the AlN (0002) and TiN (111) planes were parallel to the sapphire (0006) plane and the rocking curve full widths at half maximum (FWHM) were 0.2 degrees-0.3 degrees for these layers. The AlN/TiN interface was found to be sharp from secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) studies. The electrical resistivity of the epitaxial TiN buffer layer was as low as 14 mu Omega cm at room temperature, indicating that TiN could be an excellent contact material for nitride based wide bandgap semiconductor devices. The reflection spectrophotometry measurements showed that the ALN layer deposited on top of the TiN buffer retained its bulk optical properties having a refractive index of 2.25 and an energy gap larger than 5.9 eV. The electrical transport across the TiN/AlN/TiN capacitor could be explained with the ionic conduction model. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Phys Dept, Ctr Superconduct Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, PS,DB, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Talyansky, V (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Phys Dept, Ctr Superconduct Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/B-3785-2009; Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013 OI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/0000-0001-8155-6403; NR 14 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUN 22 PY 1998 VL 323 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 41 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(97)00902-4 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA ZZ596 UT WOS:000074746000007 ER PT J AU Kozikowski, AP Prakash, KRC Saxena, A Doctor, BP AF Kozikowski, AP Prakash, KRC Saxena, A Doctor, BP TI Synthesis and biological activity of an optically pure 10-spirocyclopropyl analog of huperzine A SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ANTICHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; CHOLINESTERASES; IDENTIFICATION; BINDING AB The synthesis of a spirocyclic analog of huperzine A that bears a cyclopropane ring at its 10-position has been carried out in an enantioselective manner using a diastereoselective Michael-aldol reaction; in assays of AChE inhibition, this compound was found to be nearly as active as huperzine A itself, with comparable on and off rates from the enzyme. C1 Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Inst Cognit & Computat Sci, Drug Discovery Program, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kozikowski, AP (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Inst Cognit & Computat Sci, Drug Discovery Program, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA. EM kozikowa@giccs.georgetown.edu NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD JUN 21 PY 1998 IS 12 BP 1287 EP 1288 DI 10.1039/a801748d PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZV965 UT WOS:000074360100022 ER PT J AU Duarte, FJ Taylor, TS Costela, A Garcia-Moreno, I Sastre, R AF Duarte, FJ Taylor, TS Costela, A Garcia-Moreno, I Sastre, R TI Long-pulse narrow-linewidth dispersive solid-state dye-laser oscillator SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID MODIFIED RHODAMINE 6G AB We report on narrow-linewidth long-pulse laser emission from a dispersive solid-state dye-laser oscillator. Output energy was similar to 0.4 mJ/pulse at laser linewidths of 650 MHz and pulse lengths of 105 ns FWHM. The solid-state gain medium utilized was Rhodamine 6G dye-doped 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate:methyl methacrylate. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Eastman Kodak Co, Rochester, NY 14652 USA. USA, Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Consejo Super Invest Cientif, Inst Quim Fis Rocasolano, Madrid 28006, Spain. Consejo Super Invest Cientif, Inst Ciencia & Tecnol Polimeros, Madrid 28006, Spain. RP Duarte, FJ (reprint author), Eastman Kodak Co, Rochester, NY 14652 USA. RI Garcia-Moreno, Inmaculada/J-8939-2014; Costela, Angel/A-3171-2012 OI Garcia-Moreno, Inmaculada/0000-0002-8682-3715; Costela, Angel/0000-0001-9417-2062 NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 1998 VL 37 IS 18 BP 3987 EP 3989 DI 10.1364/AO.37.003987 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZT886 UT WOS:000074127900022 PM 18273368 ER PT J AU Vanderzanden, L Bray, M Fuller, D Roberts, T Custer, D Spik, K Jahrling, P Huggins, J Schmaljohn, A Schmaljohn, C AF Vanderzanden, L Bray, M Fuller, D Roberts, T Custer, D Spik, K Jahrling, P Huggins, J Schmaljohn, A Schmaljohn, C TI DNA vaccines expressing either the GP or NP genes of Ebola virus protect mice from lethal challenge SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MARBURG VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; IMMUNIZATION; ZAIRE; GLYCOPROTEIN; ORGANIZATION; ELICITATION; FILOVIRUSES; POLYMERASE AB DNA vaccines expressing the envelope glycoprotein (GP) or nucleocapsid protein (NP) genes of Ebola virus were evaluated in adult, immunocompetent mice. The vaccines were delivered into the skin by particle bombardment of DNA-coated gold beads with the PowderJect-XR gene gun. Both vaccines elicited antibody responses as measured by ELISA and elicited cytotoxic T cell responses as measured by chromium release assays. From one to four vaccinations with 0.5 mu g of the GP DNA vaccine resulted in a dose-dependent protection from Ebola virus challenge. Maximal protection (78% survival) was achieved after four vaccinations. Mice were completely protected with a priming dose of 0.5 mu g of GP DNA followed by three or four subsequent vaccinations with 1.5 mu g of DNA. Partial protection could be observed for at least 9 months after three immunizations with 0.5 mu g of the GP DNA vaccine. Comparing the GP and NP vaccines indicated that approximately the same level of protection could be achieved with either vaccine. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. PowderJect Vaccines Inc, Madison, WI 53711 USA. RP Schmaljohn, C (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM CSchmalj@detrick.army.mil NR 44 TC 117 Z9 123 U1 0 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUN 20 PY 1998 VL 246 IS 1 BP 134 EP 144 DI 10.1006/viro.1998.9176 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA ZW929 UT WOS:000074462500013 PM 9657001 ER PT J AU Adler, M Nicholson, JD Hackley, BE AF Adler, M Nicholson, JD Hackley, BE TI Efficacy of a novel metalloprotease inhibitor on botulinum neurotoxin B activity SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE zinc metalloprotease inhibitor; botulinum toxin B; synaptobrevin-2 ID TETANUS; RELEASE AB The novel inhibitor 7-N-phenylcarbamoylamino-4-chloro-3-propyloxyisocoumarin (ICD 1578) was tested for its ability to antagonize the zinc metalloprotease activity of botulinum toxin B (BoNT/B). The efficacy of this compound was tested in a cell-free system using a 50-mer synaptobrevin peptide as substrate. The peptide, designated as [Pya(88)] S 39-88, had a fluorescent amino acid analog, L-pyrenylalanine (Pya), substituted for the normal Phe(88) of synaptobrevin-2. Cleavage by BoNT light chain yielded fragments of 38 and If amino acids, respectively. The smaller fragment, containing the Pya fluorophore, was readily separated and quantified by fluorescence spectroscopy at 377 nm, In the presence of 7-200 mu M ICD 1578, cleavage of [Pya(88)] S 39-88 was progressively reduced (IC50 = 27.6 mu M), and 100 mu M ICD 1578 produced > 95% inhibition. For comparison, captopril, a well-known zinc metalloprotease inhibitor, generated less than 10% inhibition at a concentration of 5 mM. ICD 1578 is the most potent antagonist of BoNT/B light chain thus far described. (C) 1998 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. DAKKRO Corp, Littleton, CO 80161 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Off Commander, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Adler, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 18 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD JUN 16 PY 1998 VL 429 IS 3 BP 234 EP 238 DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00492-X PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA ZX337 UT WOS:000074505400005 PM 9662424 ER PT J AU Labbate, LA Grimes, JB Arana, GW AF Labbate, LA Grimes, JB Arana, GW TI Serotonin reuptake antidepressant effects on sexual function in patients with anxiety disorders SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE serotonin reuptake inhibitors; antidepressants; orgasm; sex dysfunction; adverse effects ID PREMATURE EJACULATION; DYSFUNCTION AB Background: Serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) antidepressants have been associated with sexual dysfunction, though there have been few prospective reports specifically examining this problem. The purpose of this study was to determine if three SRIs affected sexual function in anxiety disorder patients over a 3-month period. Methods: Thirty-one patients were enrolled in a prospective study of the effect of three SRIs, fluoxetine, sertraline, and paroxetine, on five aspects of sexual function: libido, erection/lubrication, orgasm quality, orgasm delay, and sexual frequency. Measurements were made at baseline and at each month on visual analogue scales. Results: For men and women, orgasm quality was lower and orgasm delay longer at months one, two, and three compared to baseline (p <.01). Erection scores were lower over time, but this change was not statistically significant. Lubrication, libido, and sexual frequency were not appreciably changed over 3 months. A higher rate of anorgasmia was noted in women at months one and two, but this did not achieve significance. Conclusions: Orgasm appears to be a primary sexual function affected by SRIs. Published 1998 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Labbate, LA (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 10 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 43 IS 12 BP 904 EP 907 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(97)00391-0 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZT022 UT WOS:000074039800008 PM 9627745 ER PT J AU Jones, KA Xie, K Eckart, DW Wood, MC Talyansky, V Vispute, RD Venkatesan, T Wongchotigul, K Spencer, M AF Jones, KA Xie, K Eckart, DW Wood, MC Talyansky, V Vispute, RD Venkatesan, T Wongchotigul, K Spencer, M TI AIN as an encapsulate for annealing SiC SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; SILICON-CARBIDE; IMPLANTATION; DIODES; SIC(0001); OXIDATION; AL AB AlN films grown by either organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE) or pulsed laser deposition (PLD) can be used to encapsulate SiC when heated in an argon atmosphere at temperatures at least as high as 1600 degrees C for times at least as long as 30 min. The coverage of the AlN remains complete and the AlN/SiC interface remains abrupt as determined by Auger electron spectroscopy. However, considerable atomic movement occurs in the AlN at 1600 degrees C, and holes can form in it as the film agglomerates if there are large variations in the film thickness. Also, the SiC polytype near the surface can in some instances be changed possibly by the stress generated by the epitaxial AlN film. Using x-ray diffraction measurements, we also found that, during the 1600 degrees C anneal, grains with nonbasal plane orientations tended to grow at the expense of those with basal plane orientations in the OMVPE films, whereas grains with only the basal plane orientation tended to grow in the PLD films. However, there is no indication that the type of grain growth that is dominant affects the film's ability to act as an encapsulate. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Lab, SEDD, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Howard Univ, Sch Engn, MSRCE, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Jones, KA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, SEDD, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013 NR 31 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 12 BP 8010 EP 8015 DI 10.1063/1.367893 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108GJ UT WOS:000075257500084 ER PT J AU Lermer, N Barnes, MD Kung, CY Whitten, WB Ramsey, JM Hill, SC AF Lermer, N Barnes, MD Kung, CY Whitten, WB Ramsey, JM Hill, SC TI Spatial photoselection of single molecules on the surface of spherical microcavities SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS-EMISSION RATES; OPTICAL CAVITY; ONE-ATOM; FLUORESCENCE; LASER; LIQUIDS AB We show that ultrasensitive microdroplet-stream fluorescence techniques combined with surfactant forms of Rhodamine dyes can be used to probe single molecules on the surfaces of spherical microcavities. Individual octadecyl Rhodamine B molecules, shown previously by ensemble measurements to be localized and oriented at the surfaces of liquid microspheres, were spatially photoselected primarily along great circles lying perpendicular or parallel to the detection axis by use of polarized laser excitation. A polarization dependence is observed in the distribution of single-molecule fluorescence amplitudes that can be interpreted qualitatively in terms of position-dependent fluorescence-collection efficiencies. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Lermer, N (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 12 BP 951 EP 953 DI 10.1364/OL.23.000951 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZV034 UT WOS:000074261700021 PM 18087394 ER PT J AU Bauman, RA Widholm, JJ Ghosh, S Kant, GJ AF Bauman, RA Widholm, JJ Ghosh, S Kant, GJ TI Sustained stress disrupts the performance and acquisition of delayed alternation in rats SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE stress; delayed alternation performance; food intake; rats ID PLASMA HORMONES; FOOD; DEPRESSION; DEMAND AB The effects of sustained stress on acquisition and performance of a delayed alternation task were studied in male rats. Rats lived 24 h per day in operant cages where they earned all of their food via lever pressing. During the stress portion of each experiment, one group of rats was able to avoid or escape signaled intermittent footshock (Avoidance/Escape group), a second group (Yoked) did not have control over shock termination, a third group never received shock (Control). Shock trials were presented around-the-clock at approximately 5-min intervals and the stress portion of each study lasted 1 week. We have previously reported that rats tolerate this paradigm well and avoid/escape 99% of the shock trials. Three experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, rats learned the delayed alternation task prior to stress onset; in Experiment 2, rats were exposed to stress and the alternation task concurrently; in Experiment 3, rats were stressed for 14 days prior to being required to perform the delayed alternation task. In the first experiment, stress decreased both food intake and the accuracy of responding during the first days of stress. In the second experiment (acquisition), stressed rats required more days to reach asymptotic performance on the alternation task. In Experiment 3, rats stressed for 14 days prior to acquisition of the delayed alternation task performed similarly to controls. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bauman, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 64 IS 4 BP 507 EP 512 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(98)00102-4 PG 6 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 120LB UT WOS:000075956800011 PM 9761225 ER PT J AU Polly, DW Orchowski, JR Ellenbogen, RG AF Polly, DW Orchowski, JR Ellenbogen, RG TI Revision pedicle screws - Bigger, longer shims - What is best? SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE bone mineral density; insertional torque; pedicle screw salvage ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS; PULLOUT STRENGTH; IN-VITRO; FIXATION; TORQUE; SPINE AB Study Design. To evaluate the effect of change in screw dimensions and hole augmentation in pedicle screw revisions, the insertional torque was determined, and results were compared with those in control specimens in an in vitro study using cadaveric thoracolumbar spines. Objectives. To determine the best method of salvage for failed pedicle screws, by evaluating the insertional torque after placing a larger diameter or longer screw into a stripped hole. Use of a shim and use of larger and longer screws were also investigated. Finally, the effect on insertional torque of simply removing and replacing a pedicle screw in its original hole was investigated. Summary of Background Data. The effects of using bigger or longer screws and shims to salvage failed pedicles have been studied. The interaction between how much larger, how much longer, and inserting with or without shims, has not been well studied. Optimizing reinsertional torque through the use of bigger screws risks exceeding the pedicle capacity. Using longer screws risks violation of the anterior vertebral body, thereby placing the great vessels and viscera at risk. By knowing the relative contribution of increase in length and diameter, the surgeon can optimize the risk-benefit ratio. Methods. Eight cadaveric spines from T10 to S1 were harvested. The specimens underwent radiographic screening and bone densitometry. A modified Latin square randomization was designed to evaluate the screw diameters and lengths. Each pedicle was its own control. A 35- x 6.5-mm screw was used as a control. Test screws were placed after pedicle screw hole failure was achieved and documented by stripping. For the test screws, the diameters were increased by 1 mm and 2 mm, the lengths were increased by 5 mm and 10 mm. Shims were added randomly. The peak insertional torque was measured for each control screw and test screw placement. In addition, during each screw placement, the screw was removed and replaced to determine the effect. Results. Insertional torque, after the pedicle screw is removed and replaced in the same hole, was decreased by 34% (P < 0.000005). Increasing the diameter of the salvage screw by 2 mm caused the insertional torque to be increased by 8.4% of the original. Increasing the length of the screw did not improve the salvage screw insertional torque. There was an interaction effect for the l-mm increase in diameter and the increase in length. At this diameter, increasing the length had a significant effect (P = 0.009) on the salvage torque. Using a shim created no improvement in salvage insertional torque (P = 0.77). There was a poor linear correlation between torque and bone mineral density (r = 0.18) in these osteoporotic specimens. Conclusions. Removing and replacing a pedicle screw in its original hole substantially decreases its mechanical fixation. For pedicle salvage, increasing the diameter causes the greatest restoration of strength. Shims had no effect in pedicle salvage in osteoporotic specimens. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Neurosurg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Polly, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 25 TC 57 Z9 91 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 12 BP 1374 EP 1379 DI 10.1097/00007632-199806150-00015 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA ZW051 UT WOS:000074368700014 PM 9654629 ER PT J AU Palkar, SA Ryde, NP Schure, MR Gupta, N Cole, JB AF Palkar, SA Ryde, NP Schure, MR Gupta, N Cole, JB TI Finite difference time domain computation of light scattering by multiple colloidal particles SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article AB A finite difference time domain (FDTD) algorithm with nonstandard finite differences is used to compute light scattering by colloidal particles. The objective of this research is to simulate scattering for cases where multiparticle scattering is significant and where particle shape is arbitrary and not limited to regular geometries commonly illustrated in mathematical solutions such as the Mie theory. in this paper scattering characteristics computed using the FDTD method are compared with known analytical solutions for a number of cases for which a two-dimensional treatment is sufficient. These include scattering by a single infinite cylinder, a hollow cylinder, and two parallel cylinders. The numerical results were found to agree well with the analytical solutions. Results are also given for cases where multiparticle scattering is significant and analytical solutions are extremely difficult if not impossible to obtain. C1 Rohm & Haas Co, Spring House, PA 19477 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Palkar, SA (reprint author), Rohm & Haas Co, 727 Norristown Rd, Spring House, PA 19477 USA. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 13 PY 1998 VL 14 IS 13 BP 3484 EP 3492 DI 10.1021/la971057a PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA ZW945 UT WOS:000074464100007 ER PT J AU Tao, HS Rowe, JE Madey, TE AF Tao, HS Rowe, JE Madey, TE TI W(111)-based bimetallic systems: core-level photoelectron spectroscopy studies SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE low index single crystal surfaces; metallic films; metal-metal interfaces; palladium; platinum; soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy; tungsten ID ULTRATHIN METAL-FILMS; BINDING-ENERGY SHIFTS; SURFACE; PHOTOEMISSION; W(110) AB Ultrathin metal overlayers on W(111) are studied by high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. The bimetallic systems are prepared by adsorbing approximately one monolayer of K, Cc, Ni, Pd, Pt: Cu, Ag and Au on W(111) at 100 K. The W 4f(7/2) core levels from the W(111) substrate are measured. It is found that the core-level W 4f(7/2) binding energy shifts originating from W atoms at the interface correlate well with the heats of adsorption for metal films on W(111). (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Surface Modificat Lab, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Phys, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Madey, TE (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 849, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM madey@physics.rutgers.edu NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 10 PY 1998 VL 407 IS 1-3 BP L640 EP L646 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00238-6 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA ZX834 UT WOS:000074560100004 ER PT J AU Yen, J Petzold, L Raha, S AF Yen, J Petzold, L Raha, S TI A time integration algorithm for flexible mechanism dynamics: The DAE alpha-method SO COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; EQUATIONS; MOTION; SYSTEMS AB This paper introduces a new family of second-order methods for solving the index-2 differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) of motion for flexible mechanism dynamics. These methods, which extend the alpha-methods for ODEs of structural dynamics to DAEs, possess numerical dissipation that can be controlled by the user. Convergence and stability analysis is given and verifies that the DAE alpha-methods introduce no additional oscillations and preserve the stability of the underlying ODE system. Convergence of the Newton iteration, which can be a source of difficulty in solving nonlinear oscillatory systems with large stepsizes, is achieved via a coordinate-split modification to the Newton iteration. Numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of the new methods for simulation of flexible mechanisms. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech & Environm Engn, Engn 2 Bldg,Room 2355, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. NR 29 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0045-7825 EI 1879-2138 J9 COMPUT METHOD APPL M JI Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. PD JUN 8 PY 1998 VL 158 IS 3-4 BP 341 EP 355 DI 10.1016/S0045-7825(97)00261-2 PG 15 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA ZX607 UT WOS:000074535200009 ER PT J AU McMillen, DK Hudson, TD Wagner, J Singleton, J AF McMillen, DK Hudson, TD Wagner, J Singleton, J TI Holographic recording in specially doped lithium niobate crystals SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID LINBO3 AB A set of twelve specially doped lithium niobate crystals were Abstract: grown to test the effect of the dopant on holographic recording in the crystals via the photorefractive effect. The crystals were doped with Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Rh, Tb, Fe: Ce, Fe: Cr, and Fe: Mn. The transmission spectra was measured for each crystal and holograms have been written in each of the crystals with wavelengths from 457 nm to 671 nm. The wavelength sensitivity, scattering, and stability of the holograms varied substantially among the crystals. A qualitative description of the hologram's properties and a comparison of sensitivities between the crystals will be presented. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP McMillen, DK (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 5 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 11 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JUN 8 PY 1998 VL 2 IS 12 BP 491 EP 502 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 122XD UT WOS:000076096000006 PM 19381220 ER PT J AU Campiani, G Kozikowski, AP Wang, SM Ming, L Nacci, V Saxena, A Doctor, BP AF Campiani, G Kozikowski, AP Wang, SM Ming, L Nacci, V Saxena, A Doctor, BP TI Synthesis and anticholinesterase activity of huperzine A analogues containing phenol and catechol replacements for the pyridone ring SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; ROUTE; REAGENT AB Based upon modeling results obtained using the crystal structure of huperzine A in complex with acetylcholinesterase (AChE), two novel analogues of this potent AChE inhibitor were designed with phenol or catechol rings replacing the pyridone ring. From the modeling studies, the catechol analogue appeared capable of replacing one of the crystallographic waters bridging huperzine with Tyr 130 and Glu 199 of AChE. The synthesis of these materials by use of a palladium catalyzed bicycloannulation strategy is detailed together with the results of AChE inhibition assays. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Siena, Dipartimento Farm Chim Tecnol, I-53100 Siena, Italy. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Drug Discovery Program, Inst Cognit & Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kozikowski, AP (reprint author), Univ Siena, Dipartimento Farm Chim Tecnol, Banchi Sotto 55, I-53100 Siena, Italy. NR 26 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-894X J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. PD JUN 2 PY 1998 VL 8 IS 11 BP 1413 EP 1418 DI 10.1016/S0960-894X(98)00229-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA ZU064 UT WOS:000074157600028 PM 9871776 ER PT J AU Elliott, JJ Ruble, DL Zaucha, GM Jaax, GP Waag, DM AF Elliott, JJ Ruble, DL Zaucha, GM Jaax, GP Waag, DM TI Comparison of Q fever cellular and chloroform-methanol residue vaccines as skin test antigens in the sensitized guinea pig SO ACTA VIROLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Q fever; Coxiella burnetii; chloroform-methanol residue vaccine; whole cell vaccine; skin test ID HYPERSENSITIVITY; CELLS AB Coxiella burnetii phase I whole cell vaccine (WCV) is associated with risk of severe local delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions in previously immunized individuals or those sensitized by natural exposure. We compared this vaccine to another investigational vaccine derived by chloroform-methanol extraction of phase I whole cells (chloroform-methanol residue vaccine, CMRV). Hairless guinea pigs, sensitized with either WCV or CMRV, were given 60, 600 and 6,000 ng of WCV or CMRV in an intradermal (i.d.) skin test. The i.d, administration of WCV consistently caused more host reactions than comparable doses of CMRV in guinea pigs sensitized with either WCW or CMRV; suggesting that CMRV may be a safer vaccine. However, the CMRV was not innocuous and caused significant indurated lesions and micro-abscesses at the 600 ng and 6,000 ng skin test sites. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Vet Med Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Elliott, JJ (reprint author), Armstrong Lab, 2509 Kennedy Circle, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLOVAK ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI BRATISLAVA PA PO BOX 57 NAM SLOBODY 6, 810 05 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0001-723X J9 ACTA VIROL JI Acta Virol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 42 IS 3 BP 147 EP 155 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 124DG UT WOS:000076165600004 PM 9842444 ER PT J AU Jennings, BM Staggers, N AF Jennings, BM Staggers, N TI The language of outcomes SO ADVANCES IN NURSING SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE-MEASURES; HEALTH-CARE; MANAGEMENT AB Outcomes are a topic of great interest. Their potential is considerable as a mechanism to evaluate quality, improve effectiveness, and link practice to professional accountability. Greater clarity and precision in the use of outcomes terminology will allow this potential to be realized. This article identifies the current confusion in outcomes terminology, begins an outcomes lexicon, and issues a call to action for further clarification in the language of outcomes. C1 USA, Nurse Corps, Tacoma, WA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. USA, Nurse Corps, Falls Church, VA USA. Clin Informat Management Business Area, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Jennings, BM (reprint author), USA, Nurse Corps, Tacoma, WA USA. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASPEN PUBL INC PI FREDERICK PA 7201 MCKINNEY CIRCLE, FREDERICK, MD 21704 USA SN 0161-9268 J9 ADV NURS SCI JI Adv. Nurs. Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 20 IS 4 BP 72 EP 80 PG 9 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA ZM166 UT WOS:000073511300008 PM 9595176 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ AF Meffert, JJ TI Photo quiz - Flowering dermatosis SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article C1 Reading Hosp & Med Ctr, Reading, PA USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Willard Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUN PY 1998 VL 57 IS 11 BP 2805 EP 2806 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU468 UT WOS:000074200400023 PM 9636342 ER PT J AU McKenzie, RM Kim, YY Bishop, RW Gaffney, RJ AF McKenzie, RM Kim, YY Bishop, RW Gaffney, RJ TI The collection and analysis of 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane vapor SO AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane; chemical detection; chemical analysis; explosives AB This article describes a method for the collection and the analysis of 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane (DMDNB) vapor in the workplace. DMDNB is a white, odorless solid that sublimes at room temperature it has been proposed as a chemical tag to aid in detection of plastic explosives, which cannot be easily detected by conventional field sampling methods, Toxicologists at the U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine have proposed an occupational exposure limit (OEL) for DMDNB of 0.15 mg/m(3). Due to the low GEL, worker exposure during the manufacture of plastic explosives is of considerable concern. In this method of collection and analysis, DMDNB vapor is collected on a Tenax(TM) sampling tube at a rate of 200 mL/min. The chemical is desorbed from the collection media with ethyl acetate. The concentration of the analyte is determined using a gas chromatograph fitted with an electron capture detector and a nonpolar 20-m x 0.53-mm capillary column with a flow rate of 5 mL/min of carrier gas. The tested range was 0.15 to 15 mu g/tube with a calculated minimum detection limit for the method of 0.07 mu g/tube. In routine analyses a calibration curve is generated from 0.01 mu g/tube (0.006 mu g/mL of solution) to 6 mu g/tube (3 mu g/mL of solution), bracketing 0.07 mu g/tube, There was no breakthrough of DMDNB up to a loading of 65 mu g/tube. DMDNB was stable at room temperature on the collection media for up to 21 days. The effects of humidity on the collection was tested from 25% humidity to a saturated atmosphere, There was no observable effect on the collection efficiency of DMDNB until a saturated atmosphere was reached, and then the efficiency dropped. C1 USA, Directorate Lab Sci, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP McKenzie, RM (reprint author), USA, Directorate Lab Sci, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 USA SN 0002-8894 J9 AM IND HYG ASSOC J JI Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 59 IS 6 BP 388 EP 392 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ZY052 UT WOS:000074581800008 ER PT J AU Loughney, T Maydonovitch, CL Wong, RKH AF Loughney, T Maydonovitch, CL Wong, RKH TI Esophageal manometry and ambulatory 24-hour pH monitoring in patients with short and long segment Barrett's esophagus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID REFLUX; PATHOGENESIS; METAPLASIA; JUNCTION AB Objective: Short segment Barrett's esophagus (SSBE) is defined as the presence of specialized intestinal metaplasia (SIM) in the distal 2-3 cm of the esophagus. Although gastroesophageal reflux and heartburn is very common in these patients, the pathophysiology of the development of a short segment of SIM versus a longer segment of Barrett's epithelium is not clear. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of gastroesophageal reflux in short versus long segments of SIM. Methods: Of 203 consecutive patients undergoing endoscopy with two biopsies performed just distal to the squamocolumnar junction, 28 patients were identified as having SSBE as evidenced by SIM on biopsy. Twenty-two SSBE patients underwent esophageal manometry and W-h dual pH monitoring, and the results were compared with 18 long segment Barrett's esophagus (LSBE) patients and 15 patients with normal W-h pH studies. Results: SSBE and LSBE patients were significantly older than normal subjects (p < 0.0001). Also, lower esophageal sphincter pressure was significantly greater in SSBE patients compared with LSBE patients (12.3 +/- 1.6 vs 5.2 +/- 1.0 mm Hg,p < 0.0008). LSBE patients had a significantly lower distal esophageal peristaltic amplitude as compared with normals (p < 0.012). At 5 cm proximal to the LES, SSBE patients had significantly lower total 24-h pH scores, percent upright and percent supine reflux as compared with LSBE patients. Similarly, when measured at the proximal LES (0 cm), SSBE patients had significantly lower 24-h pH scores when compared with LSBE patients (p < 0.03), whereas percent upright and percent supine reflux were not significantly different. Both LSBE and SSBE patients had a greater degree of GER measured at 5 cm above and just proximal to the LES when compared with normals. Conclusion: As a group, SSBE patients have more competent LES sphincters and less gastroesophageal reflux at 0 and 5 cm above the LES as compared with patients with LSBE. These data indicate that the degree and length of acid exposure in the esophagus are important factors in the pathogenesis of SIM involvement of the esophagus. (C) 1998 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wong, RKH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 93 IS 6 BP 916 EP 919 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZV664 UT WOS:000074328500011 PM 9647018 ER PT J AU Avery, RA Denunzio, TM Craig, DB AF Avery, RA Denunzio, TM Craig, DB TI Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with HIV and visceral Kaposi's sarcoma treated with plasmapheresis and chemotherapy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE human immunodeficiency virus; thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura; Kaposis's sarcoma; chemotherapy; vincristine; doxorubicin ID EPIDEMIC AB We present a case of a patient who is HIV positive and developed both thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura and visceral Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) with hemorrhage, This case presents a difficult management problem in that the patient's bleeding originated from KS lesions and did not quickly abate with plasmapheresis therapy despite both clinical and laboratory improvement after 2-4 days. Chemotherapy was initiated on day 13 and the patient's condition improved markedly afterward. We believe the addition of chemotherapy to plasmapheresis hastened the improvement of our patient's thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and KS-related bleeding. Therefore, under similar conditions, we recommend combining plasmapheresis and chemotherapy at the onset of therapy. (C) 1998 Wiiey-Liss, Inc.dagger. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Avery, RA (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0361-8609 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 58 IS 2 BP 148 EP 149 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(199806)58:2<148::AID-AJH12>3.0.CO;2-7 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA ZR522 UT WOS:000073986000012 PM 9625585 ER PT J AU Cornum, RL Martin, RR Bandy, WC AF Cornum, RL Martin, RR Bandy, WC TI Transfusion of phosphoenolpyruvate-treated blood increases oxygen consumption in acute hemorrhage SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CELL AB BACKGROUND: Incubating blood with phosphaenol-pyruvate decreases hemoglobin oxygen affinity (HOA). This study compared transfusion with phosphoenolpyruvate-treated blood and conventionally stored blood on oxygen consumption in acutely anemic dogs. METHODS: Dogs underwent isovolemic hemodilution (hematocrit = 10%). After 1 hour they were transfused to a hematocrit of 18% with control or phosphoenolpyruvate treated blood. Cardiac output, co-oxymetry, and hemoglobin P-50 measurements allowed calculation of oxygen consumption during anemia, and posttransfusion. RESULTS: Hemodilution doubled cardiac output. Transfusion with phosphoenolpyruvate-treated blood allowed greater O-2 consumption than control (8.31 +/- 2.1 and 3.73 +/- 0.11 cc/kg/mm). There were no differences in arterial or venous pO(2) or pH; there were marked differences in HOA, measured by posttransfusion P-50 (21 +/- 3 versus 47 +/- 4), and mixed venous O-2 saturation. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased HOA results in increased O-2 consumption in dogs subjected to anemic hypoxia. Phosphoenolpyruvate-treated blood provides increased oxygen consumption at a similar hematocrit when compared with untreated banked blood. (C) 1998 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv MCHE SDU, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cornum, RL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv MCHE SDU, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 175 IS 6 BP 469 EP 471 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(98)00083-X PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA ZU034 UT WOS:000074154600008 PM 9645774 ER PT J AU Gambel, JM Drabick, JJ Seriwatana, J Innis, BL AF Gambel, JM Drabick, JJ Seriwatana, J Innis, BL TI Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus among United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH) Peacekeepers, 1995 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMITTED NON-A; NON-B-HEPATITIS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; PREVALENCE; EPIDEMIC; TRANSMISSION; ANTIBODIES; EMERGENCE; BIOLOGY; SOMALIA AB Information about the prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is sparse in many countries. Following the identification of four cases of acute HEV infection among Bangladeshi soldiers, a serologic survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of HEV infection among other peacekeepers from the United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH) and Haitian civilians. Of the 981 participants in the survey, 876 were soldiers from eight UNMIH-participating countries representing Asia, Africa, and the Americas, and 105 were Haitian civilians. The prevalence of HEV infection by country (from highest to lowest) included Pakistan (62%), India (37%), Nepal (37%), Bangladesh (27%), Djibouti (13%), Honduras (6%), Guatemala (5%), Haiti (3%), and the United States (2%). More than 90% of those surveyed from Guatemala, Haiti, and Honduras, where prevalence data has been scarce, appeared susceptible to HEV infection. Future multinational missions like the UNMIH might also present unique opportunities to study health threats of widespread interest. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gambel, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 35 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 58 IS 6 BP 731 EP 736 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA ZX216 UT WOS:000074491000009 PM 9660454 ER PT J AU Anderson, GW Heath, DG Bolt, CR Welkos, SL Friedlander, AM AF Anderson, GW Heath, DG Bolt, CR Welkos, SL Friedlander, AM TI Short- and long-term efficacy of single-dose subunit vaccines against Yersinia pestis in mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT V-ANTIGEN; ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION; FUSION PEPTIDE; PROTECTS MICE; PLAGUE; FRACTION-1; VIRULENCE; IMMUNITY AB A single, subcutaneous, 30-mu g dose of either a combination of the Yersinia pestis proteins F1+V or a F1-V fusion protein adsorbed to the adjuvant aluminum hydroxide, protected Hsd:ND4 mice for one year against pneumonic plague. The recombinant F1+V vaccine provided significant protection as early as day 14 postimmunization. The current Plague Vaccine USP in a single 0.2-ml dose did not provide significant protection in this mouse model. Antibody titers to F1 and V peaked at approximately 5-12 weeks postimmunization and were still detectable one year later. These F1 and V subunit vaccines may offer effective long-term immunity with a reduced dosage schedule when compared with the presently licensed, formalin-killed, whole-cell vaccine. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Anderson, GW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 41 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 58 IS 6 BP 793 EP 799 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA ZX216 UT WOS:000074491000021 PM 9660466 ER PT J AU Kinnamon, KE Poon, BT Hanson, WL Waits, VB AF Kinnamon, KE Poon, BT Hanson, WL Waits, VB TI Activity of anticancer compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID KETOCONAZOLE; AFRICAN; DRUGS AB Chagas' disease, which is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, remains essentially incurable. Due principally to a lack of profit incentive, the pharmaceutical industry has had limited interest in developing new antichagasic drugs. Thus, a search for agents that exhibit activity against T. cruzi, although medicaments have been developed for the treatment of other diseases, seems justifiable. Responding to evidence that the principal biochemical differences between mammalian cells and African trypanosomes apply equally to T, cruzi, our evaluations were conducted. Previous work showed the effectiveness of anticancer agents against T, rhodesiense. Tn the present studies, 76 anticancer compounds were assessed for their ability to suppress the trypomastigotes of T, cruzi- infected mice. Five compounds were found to be active. The most effective was cycloheximide, which was more than six times as effective as the standard, nifurtimox. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Parasitol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Kinnamon, KE (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 58 IS 6 BP 804 EP 806 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA ZX216 UT WOS:000074491000023 PM 9660468 ER PT J AU Sandler, S AF Sandler, S TI From MONITOR to missile boat: Coast defense ships and coastal defense since 1860 SO AMERICAN NEPTUNE LA English DT Book Review C1 USA Special Operations Command, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Sandler, S (reprint author), USA Special Operations Command, Ft Bragg, NC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PEABODY MUSEUM PI SALEM PA E INDIA MARINE HALL, SALEM, MA 01970 USA SN 0003-0155 J9 AM NEPTUNE JI Am. Neptune PD SUM PY 1998 VL 58 IS 3 BP 306 EP 307 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 153RF UT WOS:000077845700021 ER PT J AU Goncalves, RM Harris, JA Rivera, DE AF Goncalves, RM Harris, JA Rivera, DE TI Biliary dyskinesia: Natural history and surgical results SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 66th Annual Scientific Meeting and Postgraduate Course Program of the Southeastern-Surgical-Congress CY JAN 31-FEB 04, 1998 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP SE Surg Congress ID EJECTION FRACTION; GALLBLADDER; CHOLECYSTECTOMY; DISEASE; CHOLESCINTIGRAPHY AB Patients with biliary dyskinesia have symptoms consistent with biliary colic and an abnormal gallbladder ejection fraction (GEF) in the absence of cholelithiasis. Cholecystokinin hepatobiliary scan quantifies gallbladder function and may assist in selecting patients with acalculous biliary pain who would benefit from cholecystectomy. Seventy-eight patients with an abnormal GEF (<35%) on cholecystokinin hepatobiliary scan without cholelithiasis were studied retrospectively. Patients were divided into groups based on diagnosis and treatment. In Group I, the patients who underwent cholecystectomy, 80 per cent (35 of 44) had complete symptomatic resolution whereas the remaining 20 per cent (9 of 44) had symptomatic improvement. Pathology reports demonstrated chronic cholecystitis in 95 per cent of specimens. Group II were patients with symptoms attributable to biliary dyskinesia, but did not undergo cholecystectomy. Persistence of symptoms was noted in 75 per cent (18 of 24) of patients whereas 25 per cent (6 of 24) had symptomatic resolution without any treatment. Group III consisted of patients with an abnormal ejection fraction who had improvement of symptoms after treatment for an alternative diagnosis (n = 10). These findings suggest that an abnormal ejection fraction does not always indicate gallbladder disease. Alternative diagnoses must be investigated and treated. Patients with persistent biliary type symptoms in combination with an abnormal GEF in the absence of other attributable causes can expect a favorable response to cholecystectomy. C1 DD Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Gen Surg Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30805 USA. RP Harris, JA (reprint author), DD Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Gen Surg Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30805 USA. NR 15 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 64 IS 6 BP 493 EP 498 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA ZQ377 UT WOS:000073855100002 PM 9619167 ER PT J AU Kester, KE Turiansky, GW McEvoy, PL AF Kester, KE Turiansky, GW McEvoy, PL TI Nodular cutaneous microsporidiosis in a patient with AIDS and successful treatment with long-term oral clindamycin therapy SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ENCEPHALITOZOON-HELLEM AB Background: In AIDS, nodular skin disease can result from various causes. Objective: To report a new manifestation of microsporidial infection presenting as nodular skin disease with underlying osteomyelitis. Design: Case report. Setting: Tertiary-care military medical center in Washington, D.C. Patient: A 36-year-old woman with late-stage AIDS who presented with disseminated, nodular cutaneous lesions and underlying osteomyelitis. Measurements: Disseminated microsporidial infection with an Encephalitozoon-like species was diagnosed by electron microscopic examination of material obtained from the skin lesions. Intervention: The patient received long-term oral clindamycin therapy, which cured her disseminated infection, Conclusions: Microsporidia can cause disseminated cutaneous infections in AIDS patients. The response of this patient to long-term clindamycin therapy merits further evaluation. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Infect & Parasit Dis Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kester, KE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802 NR 11 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 128 IS 11 BP 911 EP 914 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZP980 UT WOS:000073808600006 PM 9634430 ER PT J AU Miner, TJ Shriver, CD Jaques, DP Maniscalco-Theberge, ME Krag, DN AF Miner, TJ Shriver, CD Jaques, DP Maniscalco-Theberge, ME Krag, DN TI Ultrasonographically guided injection improves localization of the radiolabeled sentinel lymph node in breast cancer SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gamma probe; lymph node; breast cancer; ultrasound; technetium ID EARLY-STAGE MELANOMA; GAMMA-PROBE; AXILLARY DISSECTION; MANAGEMENT; LYMPHADENECTOMY; BIOPSY; LYMPHOSCINTIGRAPHY; CARCINOMA; T1A AB Background: Several reports have demonstrated the accurate prediction of axillary nodal status (ANS) with radiolocalization and selective resection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in breast cancer. To date, no technique has proven to be superior in localizing the SLN. Methods: 1.0 mCi of clear unfiltered (99m)technetium sulfur colloid was injected under ultrasonographic (US) guidance around the perimeter of the breast lesion (palpable and nonpalpable) or previous biopsy site. Resection of the radiolocalized nodes was performed, followed by complete axillary lymph node dissection (AXLND). Results: Forty-two breast cancer patients underwent SLN biopsy after US-guided radiopharmaceutical injection. The SLN was localized in 41 patients (98%). The type of previously performed diagnostic biopsy did not influence the ability to localize the sentinel lymph node. Pathology revealed nodal metastasis in 7 of the 41 evaluable patients (17%). ANS was accurately predicted in 40 of 41 patients (98%). Conclusions: Early experience with radiolocalization and selective resection of SLN in breast cancer remains promising. Use of US-guided injection facilitates localization of the SLN, perhaps as a result of more accurate placement of the radionuclide marker. Use of this technique allowed for effective management of patients regardless of tumor size or the extent of prior biopsy, thereby expanding the potential number of eligible patients for SLN biopsy. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Vermont Canc Ctr, Burlington, VT USA. RP Shriver, CD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [U01 CA65121-02] NR 27 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 5 IS 4 BP 315 EP 321 DI 10.1007/BF02303494 PG 7 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA ZR517 UT WOS:000073985500005 PM 9641452 ER PT J AU Mather, MK Sau, P AF Mather, MK Sau, P TI Pathological case of the month - Erythropoietic protoporhyria SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mather, MK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, 1J, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 152 IS 6 BP 603 EP 604 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA ZU490 UT WOS:000074203300016 PM 9641717 ER PT J AU Segal, DR Reed, BJ Rohall, DE AF Segal, DR Reed, BJ Rohall, DE TI Constabulary attitudes of National Guard and regular soldiers in the US Army SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Biennial Meeting of the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society CY OCT 20-22, 1995 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND ID COMBAT AB Since the end of the Cold War, the United States has expanded its role in peacekeeping operations around the world. However, budgetary pressures in the late 1980s led to a reduction, beginning in 1987, in the size of the active farce that increased its dependency on reserve forces. This article presents an analysis of data on American soldiers in two different units, one reserve and one active duty, to determine the attitudes of soldiers in each unit toward peacekeeping norms of impartiality and the use of force, the role of the military in peacekeeping, and whether such missions are appropriate for their unit. Differences between reserve soldiers' responses from those of the active duty unit are discussed. In general, soldiers in both units accept most peacekeeping norms. Although both units felt that peacekeeping was not appropriate for their unit, soldiers in the reserve unit generally had more constabulary attitudes than those in the active duty unit. These findings suggest that members of die reserve components may be regarded as an appropriate source for peacekeeping personnel in the future. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Sociol, Ctr Res Mil Org, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. US Mil Acad, Behav Sci & Leadership Dept, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Segal, DR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Sociol, Ctr Res Mil Org, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 24 IS 4 BP 535 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X9802400405 PG 15 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 122QF UT WOS:000076082400004 ER PT J AU Lakhani, H AF Lakhani, H TI The socioeconomic benefits of active military service to reservists SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS; WORLD-WAR-II; EARNINGS; EXPERIENCE; ATTAINMENT; RETURNS; INCOME; ARMY AB This article compares the socioeconomic benefits of reservists with prior active military service (PS) and reservists with nonprior service (NPS). The economic theory of investment in human capital, the sociological concept of higher educational attainment, and the social psychological theory of the development of personality traits associated with PS are employed to develop a conceptual framework. The "bridging" argument of greater gains to nonwhite reservists is also tested for data for the All Volunteer Force era. Regression analysis of the Defense Manpower Data Center's Reserve Components Surveys (n = 8,000) revealed that individual and family earnings of PS personnel were higher by 6.8% and 3.5%, respectively, compared to similar earnings of NPS reservists. The results also found some support for the bridging hypothesis in that nonwhite reservists had higher family earnings and higher home ownership relative to white reservists. Limitations of the article for generalizability of the results to all veterans relative to nonveterans are also discussed. C1 USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. USA, Res Inst Behav Social Sci, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Lakhani, H (reprint author), 3213 Amberley Lane, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 24 IS 4 BP 549 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X9802400406 PG 18 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 122QF UT WOS:000076082400005 ER PT J AU Reardon, MJ Fraser, EB Omer, JM AF Reardon, MJ Fraser, EB Omer, JM TI Flight performance effects of thermal stress and two aviator uniforms in a UH-60 helicopter simulator SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEAT AB The effects on flight performance of the four combinations of an unencumbered mission oriented protective posture (MOPP) aviator battle dress uniform (ABDU) and encumbered MOPP4 over ABDU flight ensemble in cool (70 degrees F or 21.1 degrees C, 50% relative humidity [RH]) and hot (100 degrees F or 37.8 degrees C, 50% RH) UH-60 simulator cockpit conditions were evaluated with a repeated measures, 2 x 2 factorial study using nine crews. The encumbered MOPP4 uniform had the most frequent adverse effect on flight performance followed by heat stress, with less frequent effects from the combination or interaction of these two factors. This study confirmed that heat stress and wearing an encumbered U.S. Army MOPP4 flight uniform significantly reduced endurance and flight performance in a UH-60 simulator. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Reardon, MJ (reprint author), 626 Town Ctr Dr 203, Joppa, MD 21085 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 69 IS 6 BP 569 EP 576 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA ZR660 UT WOS:000074001000006 PM 9641403 ER PT J AU Hosmane, RS Peri, SP Bhadti, VS Macdonald, VW AF Hosmane, RS Peri, SP Bhadti, VS Macdonald, VW TI Bis[2-(4-carboxyphenoxy)carbonylethyl]phosphinic acid (BCCEP): A novel affinity reagent for the beta-cleft modification of human hemoglobin SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE hemoglobin (Hb); molecular modeling; cross-linking; blood substitutes; P-50; Hill coefficient; MALDI MS analyses ID CROSS-LINKED HEMOGLOBINS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ALLOSTERIC EFFECTORS; PROTEIN MODIFICATION; OXYGEN-AFFINITY; SUBUNITS; LINKING; SITES; MODIFIERS; AGENTS AB The design, synthesis, and hemoglobin cross-linking studies of a novel organic reagent, bis[2-(4 carboxyphenoxy)carbonylethyl]phosphinic acid (BCCEP, 1) have been reported. The reagent was designed with the aid of molecular modeling, employing crystal coordinates of human hemoglobin Ao. It was synthesized in three steps commencing from 4-t-butoxycarbonylphenol. The tri-sodium salt of 1 was employed to cross-link human oxyHb. While SDS-PAGE analyses of the modified hemoglobin product pointed to the molecular mass range of 32 kDa, the HPLC analyse suggested that the cross-link had formed between the beta(1)-beta(2) subunits. The oxygen equilibrium measurements of the modified hemoglobin at 37 degrees C showed significantly reduced oxygen affinity (P-50 = 3 1.3 Torr) as compared with that of cell-free hemoglobin (P-50 = 6.6 Torr). The sigmoidal shape of O-2 curves Of the modified Hb pointed to reasonable retainment of oxygen-binding cooperativity after the cross-link formation. Molecular dynamics simulation studies on the reagent-HbA(o) complex suggested that the most likely amino acid residues involved in the cross-linking are N-terminus Val-1 or Lys-82 on one of the-chains, and Lys-144 on the other. These predictions were consistent with the results of MALDI-MS analyses of the peptide fragments obtained from tryptic digestion of the cross-linked product. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lab Drug Design & Synth, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Blood Res Detachment, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hosmane, RS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lab Drug Design & Synth, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41RR00480-0053]; NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL48632] NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-0896 J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 6 IS 6 BP 767 EP 783 DI 10.1016/S0968-0896(98)00032-7 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 120EZ UT WOS:000075943300013 PM 9681142 ER PT J AU McManus, AT Greenfield, E Goodwin, CW AF McManus, AT Greenfield, E Goodwin, CW TI Staphylococcus aureus infection in serious burns: review of 2700 admissions SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1323 J9 BRIT J SURG JI Br. J. Surg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 85 IS 6 BP 865 EP 866 PG 2 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA ZX551 UT WOS:000074529400073 ER PT J AU Abraham, MH Whiting, GS Shuely, WJ Doherty, RM AF Abraham, MH Whiting, GS Shuely, WJ Doherty, RM TI The solubility of gases and vapours in ethanol - the connection between gaseous solubility and water-solvent partition SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE CHIMIE LA English DT Article DE solubility; partition; hydrogen-bonding; ethanol; water ID IV ATOMIC CHARGES; THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS; ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; AQUEOUS SOLUBILITY; BINARY-SYSTEMS; SOLUTES; LIQUIDS; HYDROCARBONS; MODEL; EBULLIOMETRY AB Ostwald solubility coefficients, as log L, for solutes in water and ethanol have been combined to give log P-EtOH for partition between the two pure solvents. Sixty-four such values have been correlated through our solvation equation, the coefficients of which lead to the conclusion that ethanol and water solvents are equally strong hydrogen-bond bases, but that ethanol is much weaker as a hydrogen-bond acid. A slightly different solvation equation has been used to correlate 68 values of log L-EtOH; the coefficients in this equation yield the same conclusions as to the hydrogen-bond acidity and basicity of bulk ethanol. In addition, an analysis of the various terms in the log L-EtOH correlation equation allows the elucidation of the various chemical factors that govern the solubility of gaseous solutes in ethanol solvent at 298 K. C1 Univ London Univ Coll, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England. USA, SCBRD, RT, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NSWC Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Abraham, MH (reprint author), Univ London Univ Coll, Dept Chem, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, England. NR 58 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 10 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4042 J9 CAN J CHEM JI Can. J. Chem.-Rev. Can. Chim. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 76 IS 6 BP 703 EP 709 DI 10.1139/cjc-76-6-703 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 128FX UT WOS:000076396000012 ER PT J AU Poirier, MC Weston, A Schoket, B Shamkhani, H Pan, CF McDiarmid, MA Scott, BG Deeter, DP Heller, JM Jacobson-Kram, D Rothman, N AF Poirier, MC Weston, A Schoket, B Shamkhani, H Pan, CF McDiarmid, MA Scott, BG Deeter, DP Heller, JM Jacobson-Kram, D Rothman, N TI Biomonitoring of United States Army soldiers serving in Kuwait in 1991 SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID AROMATIC HYDROCARBON-DNA; WHITE BLOOD-CELLS; BURNING OIL-WELLS; HUMAN LUNG; HUMAN-PLACENTA; ADDUCT LEVELS; DIOL-EPOXIDE; BENZOPYRENE; POLYMORPHISM; CONSUMPTION AB Biomarkers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and genetic biomarkers of potential cancer susceptibility were determined in a group of United States Army soldiers who were deployed to Kuwait and Saudi Arabia in 1991 in the aftermath of the Persian Gulf War. Because hundreds of oil well fires were still burning, there was concern that ground troops stationed in Kuwait might he exposed to high levels of PAHs and other toxicants, The United States Army Environmental Hygiene Agency monitored air and soil for ambient PAHs, In addition, a group of 61 soldiers was involved in the biomonitoring study reported here. These soldiers kept diaries of daily activities and provided blood and urine samples in Germany (June) before deployment to Kuwait, after 8 weeks in Kuwait (August), and 1 month after the return to Germany (October). Here we present data for PAM-DNA adducts measured by immunoassay in blood cell DNA samples obtained at all three sampling times from 22 soldiers and bulky aromatic adducts measured by P-32-postlabeling in blood cell DNA samples from 20 of the same soldiers. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene-glucuronide levels were determined by synchronous fluorescence spectrometry in a matched set of samples from 33 soldiers. Contrary to expectations, environmental monitoring showed low ambient PAH levels in the areas where these soldiers were working in Kuwait. For both DNA adduct assays, levels were the lowest in Kuwait in August and increased significantly after the soldiers returned to Germany (October), Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene-glucuronide levels were also lowest in Kuwait and highest in Germany, but the differences were not statistically significant. The PAM-exposure biomarker levels were not significantly influenced by polymorphic variations of CYP1A1 (MspI) and glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1. Overall, the data suggest that this group of soldiers was not exposed to elevated levels of PAHs while deployed in Kuwait. C1 NCI, Carcinogen DNA Interact Sect, Lab Cellular Carcinogenesis & Tumor Promot, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. Johan Bela Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Biochem, H-1097 Budapest, Hungary. Kaiser Permanente, Dept Internal Med, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. CUNY, Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Community Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Occupat Hlth Project, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. USA Med Act, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35809 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Edgewood Area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. MA Bioserv Inc, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NCI, Occupat Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Poirier, MC (reprint author), NCI, Carcinogen DNA Interact Sect, Lab Cellular Carcinogenesis & Tumor Promot, NIH, Bldg 37,Room 3B25,MSC-4255,37 Convent Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 32 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 7 IS 6 BP 545 EP 551 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ZR916 UT WOS:000074029000015 PM 9641500 ER PT J AU Carter, AJ Scott, D Laird, JR Bailey, L Kovach, JA Hoopes, TG Pierce, K Heath, K Hess, K Farb, A Virmani, R AF Carter, AJ Scott, D Laird, JR Bailey, L Kovach, JA Hoopes, TG Pierce, K Heath, K Hess, K Farb, A Virmani, R TI Progressive vascular remodeling and reduced neointimal formation after placement of a thermoelastic self-expanding nitinol stent in an experimental model SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DIAGNOSIS LA English DT Article ID SERIAL INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND; BALLOON-EXPANDABLE-STENT; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; RESTENOSIS; ANGIOPLASTY; THROMBOSIS; INJURY AB Despite the improvements afforded by intracoronary stenting, restenosis remains a significant problem, The optimal physical properties of a stent have not been defined. We compared the vascular response to a thermoelastic self-expanding nitinol stent with a balloon-expandable tubular slotted stainless steel stent in normal porcine coronary arteries, Twenty-two stents (11 nitinol and 11 tubular slotted) were implanted in II miniature swine, The nitinol stents were deployed using the intrinsic thermal properties of the metal, without adjunctive balloon dilation, The tubular slotted stents were implanted using a noncompliant balloon with a mean inflation pressure of 12 atm. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and histology were used to evaluate the vascular response to the stents, The mean cross-sectional area (CSA) of the nitinol stents (mm(2)) as measured by IVUS increased from 8.13 +/- 1.09 at implant to 9.10 +/- 0.99 after 28 days (P = 0.038), while the mean CSA of the tubular slotted stents was unchanged (7.84 +/- 1.39 mm(2) vs, 7.10 +/- 1.07 mm(2), P = 0.25). On histology at 3 days, the tubular slotted stents had more inflammatory cells adjacent to the stent wires (5.7 +/- 1.5 cells/0.1 mm(2)) than the nitinol (3.9 +/- 1.3 cells/0.1 mm(2), P = 0.016), The tubular slotted also had increased thrombus thickness (83 +/- 85 mu) than the nitinol stents (43 +/- 25 mu, P = 0.0014). After 28 days, the vessel injury score was similar for the nitinol (0.6 +/- 0.3) and the tubular slotted (0.5 +/- 0.1, P = 0.73) designs. The mean neointimal area (0.97 +/- 0.46 mm(2) vs. 1.96 +/- 0.34 mm(2), P = 0.002) and percent area stenosis (15 +/- 7 vs. 33 +/- 7, P = 0.003) were significantly lower in the nitinol than in the tubular slotted stents, respectively. We conclude that a thermoelastic nitinol stent exerts a more favorable effect on vascular remodeling, with less neointimal formation, than a balloon-expandable design, Progressive intrinsic stent expansion after implant does not appear to stimulate neointimal formation and, therefore, may provide a mechanical solution to prevent in-stent restenosis. (C) 1998 Wiley-liss, Inc. C1 Michigan State Univ, Borgess Med Ctr, Inst Heart, Kalamazoo, MI 49001 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Boston Sci Co, Natick, MA USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Carter, AJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Borgess Med Ctr, Inst Heart, 1521 Gull Rd, Kalamazoo, MI 49001 USA. NR 20 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0098-6569 J9 CATHETER CARDIO DIAG JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Diagn. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 44 IS 2 BP 193 EP 201 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0304(199806)44:2<193::AID-CCD13>3.0.CO;2-O PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA ZR490 UT WOS:000073982500013 PM 9637443 ER PT J AU Poole, TS AF Poole, TS TI Changes in ASTM Type II portland cement from 1940 to 1994 SO CEMENT CONCRETE AND AGGREGATES LA English DT Article DE portland cement; heat of hydration; ASTM C 150; historical changes AB Historical changes in the specification requirements and properties of ASTM 150 Type II portland cement are traced from 1940 to 1994. A general trend has been for the strength and heat of hydration properties of Type II cements to converge on the properties of Type I cements. The implications of this trend are discussed. C1 USAE, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Poole, TS (reprint author), USAE, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0149-6123 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE AGGR JI Cem. Concr. Aggreg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 20 IS 1 BP 157 EP 162 PG 6 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 187QZ UT WOS:000079799400004 ER PT J AU Hammond, LA Eckardt, JR Ganapathi, R Burris, HA Rodriguez, GA Eckhardt, SG Rothenberg, ML Weiss, GR Kuhn, JG Hodges, S Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK AF Hammond, LA Eckardt, JR Ganapathi, R Burris, HA Rodriguez, GA Eckhardt, SG Rothenberg, ML Weiss, GR Kuhn, JG Hodges, S Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK TI A phase I and translational study of sequential administration of the topoisomerase I and II inhibitors topotecan and etoposide SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNA UNTWISTING ENZYME; ACTIVE-SITE TYROSINE; ACUTE-LEUKEMIA; CAMPTOTHECIN; MUTANTS; CELLS; EXPRESSION; POISONS; SINGLE; CANCER AB Because topoisomerase (topo) I- and topo II-targeting agents exert their principal effects on the two major classes of enzymes involved in regulating DNA topology in the cell, there has been considerable interest in evaluating combinations of these classes of agents. In preclinical studies of inhibitors of topo I and topo II in combination, drug scheduling and sequencing have been critical determinants of antitumor activity, with a greater magnitude of cytotoxicity generally occurring when treatment with the topo I inhibitor precedes treatment with the topo II-targeting agent. The underlying mechanism that has been proposed to explain this schedule dependency is compensatory up-regulation of topo II, and, therefore, enhanced cytotoxicity of topo II inhibitors in cells treated initially with topo I inhibitors. The feasibility of sequentially administering the topo I inhibitor topotecan (TPT) followed by the topo II inhibitor etoposide to patients with advanced solid malignancies was evaluated in this Phase I and translational laboratory study. Fifty patients with solid neoplasms were treated with TPT doses ranging from 0.17 to 1.05 mg/m(2)/day as a 72-h continuous (i.v.) infusion on days 1-3 followed by etoposide, 75 or 100 mg/m(2)/day as a 2-h i.v. infusion daily on days 8-10, The combined rate of severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia was unacceptably high above the TPT (mg/m(2)/day)/etoposide (mg/m(2)/day) dose levels of 0.68/100 and 0.68/75 in minimally and heavily pretreated patients, respectively, and these dose levels are recommended for further disease-directed evaluations of TPT/etoposide on this administration schedule. Successive biopsies of accessible tumors were obtained for quantitation of topo I and II levels prior to and immediately after treatment with TPT and prior to and immediately after treatment with etoposide in seven patients. The results of these limited studies in tumors did not fully support the proposed mechanistic rationale favoring the development of this particular sequential TPT/etoposide regimen, because only two of the six patients' tumors in whom topo I was successively measured had either modest or substantial decrements in topo I levels following treatment with TPT, and the principal effect of interest, upregulation of topo II following treatment with TPT, was clearly documented in the tumors of only one of six subjects in whom successive measurements of topo I were performed. Even in view of the notable objective antitumor activity in three subjects, including a complete response in a patient with colorectal carcinoma and partial responses in one patient each with non-small cell lung and gastric carcinomas, the toxicity and ancillary laboratory results do not provide substantial evidence that sequential treatment with TPT and etoposide might be more advantageous than either TPT or etoposide administered as a single agent. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Expt Therapeut Program, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Oncol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hammond, LA (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, 8122 Datapoint Dr,6th Floor, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CM-07035, T32-CA09434]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR01346] NR 51 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 4 IS 6 BP 1459 EP 1467 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZU654 UT WOS:000074219700013 PM 9626463 ER PT J AU Speights, LG Juarez, EM Morris, MD AF Speights, LG Juarez, EM Morris, MD TI Integration of laboratories from two hospitals into a single new facility using modeling and work-process redesign. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 44 SU 6 MA 242 BP A55 EP A56 PN 2 PG 2 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA ZT249 UT WOS:000074065700245 ER PT J AU Stickle, DF Reynolds, MA Quon, MJ Morris, MD AF Stickle, DF Reynolds, MA Quon, MJ Morris, MD TI Dynamic changes in proinsulin/insulin ratio during insulin secretion influence correlation between RIA and IMX measurements of insulin. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Quon, Michael/B-1970-2008; Stickle, Douglas/A-9682-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 44 SU 6 MA 628 BP A144 EP A144 PN 2 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA ZT249 UT WOS:000074065700631 ER PT J AU Sodhi, DS AF Sodhi, DS TI Nonsimultaneous crushing during edge indentation of freshwater ice sheets SO COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE indentation; ice; crushing zone AB Indentation tests were conducted by pushing segmented indenters into the edge of freshwater ice sheets at different velocities. Ice crushing forces were measured independently in each segment. Results of these tests indicate that there is simultaneous generation of forces on all segments during low-velocity indentation, whereas there is a nonsimultaneous force acting on the segments during high-velocity indentation. For brittle crushing of ice at a high indentation rate, the effective pressures measured during these tests are in the range of pressures measured in the field during the impact of ice flees against large structures. Under the assumption that the size of crushing zones becomes small with increasing indentation speed, a statistical model is used to determine the correlation between the forces measured in different segments in terms of a correlation length parameter. A comparison of the trends in the plots of experimental data with theoretical results shows that the correlation length parameter decreases as the reciprocal of the indentation velocity. Under the assumption of the similarity principle, according to replica modeling, an estimate of the correlation length parameter is empirically obtained in terms of ice thickness and indentation velocity. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Sodhi, DS (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 37 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-232X J9 COLD REG SCI TECHNOL JI Cold Reg. Sci. Tech. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 27 IS 3 BP 179 EP 195 DI 10.1016/S0165-232X(98)00010-X PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 105BK UT WOS:000075052200002 ER PT J AU Hnatiuk, OW Moores, LK Thompson, JC Jones, MD AF Hnatiuk, OW Moores, LK Thompson, JC Jones, MD TI Delivery of high concentrations of inspired oxygen via Tusk mask SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 62nd Annual Scientific Assembly of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 26-31, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians DE oxygen; hypoxemia; mask; respiratory therapy; oxygen inhalation therapy; dyspnea; respiratory insufficiency; blood gas analysis; resuscitation ID VALUES AB Objectives: Nonrebreather face masks (NRM) are frequently used in patients with respiratory distress and profound hypoxemia , A simpler modification to the partial rebreather face mask, using only two pieces of respiratory tubing or "tusks," has also been shown to increase Flo(2) compared with the NRM in five normal subjects. Clinically, we have observed this modification to further increase Pao(2) in critically ill patients already using the NRM in the intensive care unit, This study was designed to compare the Tusk mask with the NRM in both a larger group of normal subjects and in patients with underlying lung disease. Design: Prospective, randomized, crossover study, Setting: A university teaching hospital and tertiary care referral center. Subjects: Sixteen normal subjects (11 male and 5 female; age 30.4 +/- 6.8 [SD] yrs) and seven patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) (3 male and 4 female; age 68.1 +/- 11.9 yrs), Interventions: Subjects and patients served as their own controls and were randomized to wear either the NRM or Tusk mask for a 30-min period. After a 60-min washout period, the other mask was applied, Measurements and Main Results: Arterial blood gas measurements were performed immediately before and at the end of each 30-min test period, Respiratory synchronization during the study period was achieved, using a metronome. In the normal subjects, Pac, using the NRM and Tusk masks increased 290.0 +/- 57.1 torr(38.6 +/- 7.6 kPa) and 330.0 +/- 68.9 torr (44.0 +/- 9.2 kPa), respectively (p =.032). Pac, increased 293.4 +/- 38.0 torr (39.1 +/- 5.1 kPa) with the NRM and 378.4 +/- 61.7 torr (50.4 +/- 8.2 kPa) with the tusk mask (p=.001) in the patients with ILD. There was no statistically significant change seen in mean Paco(2) with either mask in either group. The mean Pao(2) returned to within 6% of baseline in both groups after the washout period. Conclusions: Both normal subjects and patients with compromised pulmonary function achieved a higher Pao(2) using a Tusk mask than when using the conventional NRM, at the same oxygen flow rate. Patients with hypoxemia may obtain lifesaving benefit from the additional concentration of oxygen delivered via the Tusk mask. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Resp Care Sect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Hnatiuk, OW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Med Serv, Ward 77, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 6 BP 1032 EP 1035 DI 10.1097/00003246-199806000-00022 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZT944 UT WOS:000074144100019 PM 9635651 ER PT J AU Bane, ME AF Bane, ME TI Untitled SO CUTIS LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Bane, ME (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUN PY 1998 VL 61 IS 6 BP 320 EP 320 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZU516 UT WOS:000074205900009 ER PT J AU Laws, RA Finley, EM McCollough, ML Grabski, WJ AF Laws, RA Finley, EM McCollough, ML Grabski, WJ TI Alabaster skin after carbon dioxide laser resurfacing with histologic correlation SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID; HIGH-ENERGY; COMPLICATIONS; PHENOL; DERMABRASION; PEELS AB BACKGROUND. Carbon dioxide laser resurfacing has gained popularity as a relatively safe and effective method of facial rejuvenation. Original reports describe mostly reversible side effects and a low incidence of scarring. Only very recently have reports of delayed hypopigmentetion surfaced. This effect is not visible until several months after resurfacing, and most likely represents a permanent change. OBJECTIVE. To provide an additional clinical description of the complication of delayed hypopigmentation along with the first published histologic correlation. METHODS. Clinical records along with it preprocedure and 7-month postprocedure full-thickness skin biopsy were used for this report. RESULTS. This patient experienced a striking leukoderma 6 months after a fall facial carbon dioxide laser resurfacing procedure done for widespread actinic keratoses. There was a zone of dermal fibrosis extending approximately 0.4 mm on the postprocedure biopsy. Comparison of the preprocedure and postprocedure biopsies revealed no difference in the number of melanocytes by MART-1 immunohistochemical staining, but there was a significant decrease in epidermal melanin as determined by Fontana-Mason staining. CONCLUSION. This patient experienced a profound expression of an increasingly recognized and reported complication of carbon dioxide laser resurfacing. Histologic correlation is similar to the results previously reported after phenol chemical peels, demonstrating a normal number of melanocytes but a decrease in epidermal melanin. (C) 1998 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Laws, RA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 24 IS 6 BP 633 EP 636 PG 4 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA ZV995 UT WOS:000074363100006 PM 9648570 ER PT J AU Hartman, NR Leo, KU Brewer, TG Strong, JM AF Hartman, NR Leo, KU Brewer, TG Strong, JM TI The in vitro metabolism of penclomedine in mouse, rat, and human systems SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID PRECLINICAL ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; IN-VIVO; NSC-338720; MURINE; LIVER; TISSUE AB Penclomedine is a multi-chlorinated alpha-picoline derivative that has demonstrated activity in several murine breast cancer models and is currently in clinical testing for use against solid tumors. This study evaluates the metabolism of penclomedine in several in vitro hepatic models, including microsomes, fresh liver slices, and the isolated perfused rat liver (IPRL), Both human and mouse liver slices as well as human and mouse liver microsomes under aerobic conditions resulted in limited metabolism of penclomedine to several oxidized metabolites, including penclomic acid, 4-demethylpenclomic acid, and 4-demethylpenclomedine. Microsomes under anaerobic conditions vigorously produced mainly reduced metabolites, primarily penclomedine dimers, This is in contrast to in vivo data, which showed rapid metabolism of penclomedine to primarily 4-demethylpenclomedine. The IPRL preparation, however, metabolized 50 mu M penclomedine 90% within 90 min, producing primarily 4-demethylpenclomedine and penclomic acid, These were formed in roughly equimolar amounts and did not undergo significant further metabolism over 4 hr. Numerous highly polar biliary metabolites were also found. The IPRL preparation thus seems to most accurately reflect the in vivo situation. C1 US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Lab Clin Pharmacol Res, Off Testing & Res,Off Pharmaceut Sci, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Hartman, NR (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Lab Clin Pharmacol Res, Off Testing & Res,Off Pharmaceut Sci, 8301 Muirkirk Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 6 BP 513 EP 519 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ZU557 UT WOS:000074210000002 PM 9616185 ER PT J AU Krinitzsky, EL AF Krinitzsky, EL TI Book review: Geology in the Lower Mississippi Valley SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Krinitzsky, EL (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ENGINEERING GEOLOGISTS GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI COLLEGE STN PA TEXAS A & M UNIV, DEPT GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843-3115 USA SN 1078-7275 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 4 IS 2 BP 281 EP 281 PG 1 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 219NA UT WOS:000081612300011 ER PT J AU Paige, RA AF Paige, RA TI The case of the scary rock, Ertan, China SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Paige, RA (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ENGINEERING GEOLOGISTS GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI COLLEGE STN PA TEXAS A & M UNIV, DEPT GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843-3115 USA SN 1078-7275 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 4 IS 2 BP 281 EP 282 PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 219NA UT WOS:000081612300012 ER PT J AU Duplessis, DH Greenway, EH Keene, KL Lee, IE Clayton, RL Metzler, T Underwood, FB AF Duplessis, DH Greenway, EH Keene, KL Lee, IE Clayton, RL Metzler, T Underwood, FB TI Effect of semi-rigid lumbosacral orthosis use on oxygen consumption during repetitive stoop and squat lifting SO ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE back belts; low-back pain; erector spinae; lifting; oxygen consumption ID LUMBAR SPINE; BACK-PAIN; STRENGTH; EXERCISE AB The use of back belts in industry has increased despite the lack of scientific evidence supporting their efficacy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a semi-rigid lumbosacral orthosis (SRLSO) on oxygen consumption during 6-min submaximal repetitive lifting bouts of 10 kg at a lifting frequency of 20 repetitions min(-1). Fifteen healthy subjects (13 men, two women) participated in this study. Each subject performed squat and stoop lifting with and without an SRLSO for a total of four lifting bouts. Lifting bouts were performed in random order. Oxygen consumption during the final minute of each lifting bout was used for analysis. A two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyse the effects of lift and belt conditions. The stoop and squat methods were significantly different, with the squat lift requiring 23% more oxygen on average than the stoop lift for equal bouts of work. No significant difference was found between the belt and no belt condition within the same lifting technique and no interaction was present. These data suggest that an SRLSO does not passively assist the paravertebral muscles (PVM) in stabilizing the spine during submaximal lifting bouts. C1 USA, Baylor Univ, Grad Program Phys Therapy, Dept Med Sci, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Underwood, FB (reprint author), Univ Evansville, Phys Therapy Dept, 1800 Lincoln Ave, Evansville, IN 47722 USA. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0014-0139 J9 ERGONOMICS JI Ergonomics PD JUN PY 1998 VL 41 IS 6 BP 790 EP 797 DI 10.1080/001401398186649 PG 8 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Engineering; Psychology GA ZQ727 UT WOS:000073897000003 PM 9629064 ER PT J AU Wilber, DH Clarke, DG AF Wilber, DH Clarke, DG TI Estimating secondary production and benthic consumption in monitoring studies: A case study of the impacts of dredged material disposal in Galveston Bay, Texas SO ESTUARIES LA English DT Article ID CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS RATHBUN; SHALLOW MARINE AREAS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; ABUNDANCE PATTERNS; FOOD SELECTION; NORTHERN GULF; BLUE CRABS; BIOMASS; PREDATION; COMMUNITY AB We examined the effects of dredged material disposal on benthic macroinvertebrates in Galveston Bay, Texas, USA, while investigating the utility of estimating secondary production with estimation methods that have less rigorous data requirements than most classical techniques. Production estimates were compared to estimates of benthic consumption by blue crabs, shrimp, and epibenthic fish. There was no evidence that dredged material disposal had a detrimental impact on benthic production; however, production was low throughout the entire bay the year following dredged material disposal, which may have obscured an assessment of the impact of disposal. In fact, disposal sites yielded both the highest production estimates and species richness in both the upper and lower bay areas 2 yr after disposal. Of the five estimation methods used, two that incorporated environmental parameters (temperature and depth) yielded similar and moderate results, ranging from 1.1 g ash-free dry weight m(-2) yr(-1) to 26.9 g ash-free dry weight (AFDW) m(-2) yr(-1) over the 4 yr studied. Daily food ration estimates applied to fishery-independent trawl-survey data yielded overall benthic consumption estimates ranging from 1.1 g AFDW m(-2) to 1.7 g AFDW m-2. A second method of estimating consumption, which used transfer efficiency estimates and annual fisheries statistics produced slightly lower benthic consumption estimates (0.72-1.13 g AFDW m(-2)). The average consumption estimate exceeded benthic production in the upper bay in one of the 4 yr for which benthic production was estimated. In years with high benthic production, the estimated benthic food requirement of epibenthic predators was roughly 10-15% of benthic production. Variation in annual benthic production estimates was two to three times greater than the variation in consumption estimates. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. DynTel, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. RP Clarke, DG (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM clarked@ex1.wes.army.mil NR 53 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU ESTUARINE RES FEDERATION PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0160-8347 J9 ESTUARIES JI Estuaries PD JUN PY 1998 VL 21 IS 2 BP 230 EP 245 DI 10.2307/1352471 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 109RA UT WOS:000075335900004 ER PT J AU Gerloni, M Lo, D Ballou, WR Zanetti, M AF Gerloni, M Lo, D Ballou, WR Zanetti, M TI Immunological memory after somatic transgene immunization is positively affected by priming with GM-CSF and does not require bone marrow-derived dendritic cells SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DNA immunization; granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; dendritic cell ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; EPIDERMAL LANGERHANS CELLS; ANTITUMOR IMMUNITY; GRANULOCYTE; ANTIGEN; DIFFERENTIATION; LYMPHOMA; PROTEIN; POTENT; RECOMBINANT AB Inoculation of plasmid DNA is a promising vaccination approach but optimal regimes and ways to enhance immunogenicity remain to be established. Among natural immunological adjuvants, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was shown to increase the potency of immunization against tumor cells and protein antigens. Here we studied the effect of GM-CSF On memory responses against a 12-mer B cell epitope in mice primed with a single DNA inoculation. The results show that GM-CSF given at priming as a DNA/GM-CSF chimeric vaccine enhances the magnitude of the anamnestic response irrespective of the farm of antigen used subsequently in the booster immunization. Using mice lacking bone marrow-derived dendritic cells we also determined that the enhancing effect is not strictly dependent on these cells. These results expand our understanding of She activity of GM-CSF in vivo as a modulator of the immune response including immunological memory. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Canc, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Immunol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Zanetti, M (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM mzanetti@UCSD.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI38375, AI36467, AI31583] NR 33 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0014-2980 J9 EUR J IMMUNOL JI Eur. J. Immunol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 28 IS 6 BP 1832 EP 1838 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199806)28:06<1832::AID-IMMU1832>3.0.CO;2-J PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA ZV003 UT WOS:000074258400011 PM 9645364 ER PT J AU Kinnamon, KE Poon, BT Hanson, WL Waits, VB AF Kinnamon, KE Poon, BT Hanson, WL Waits, VB TI Trypanosoma cruzi: A novel chemical class (Nitrobenzofurans) active against infections of mice (Mus musculus) SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE American trypanosomiasis; amiodarone; benznidazole; benzofuran; Chagas' disease; Mus musculus; nifurtimox; nitrobenzofuran; nitrofuran; nitroheterocycle; nitroimidazole; protozoa; Trypanosoma cruzi ID CHAGAS-DISEASE C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Parasitol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Kinnamon, KE (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 89 IS 2 BP 251 EP 256 DI 10.1006/expr.1998.4288 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA ZT861 UT WOS:000074135600013 PM 9635449 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, HE TI Quantum fields in the spacetime tangent bundle SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE quantum field theory; spacetime tangent bundle; maximal proper acceleration; elementary particle spectrum; Planck mass AB Maximal-acceleration invariant quantum fields are formulated in terms of the differential geometric structure of the spacetime tangent bundle. The simple special case is considered of a flat Minkowski spacetime for which the bundle is also flat. The field is shown to have a physically based Planck-scale effective regularization and a spectral cutoff at the Planck mass. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0894-9875 J9 FOUND PHYS LETT JI Found. Phys. Lett. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 11 IS 3 BP 265 EP 275 DI 10.1023/A:1022445726292 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ZW048 UT WOS:000074368400004 ER PT J AU Hunter, LE Powell, RD AF Hunter, LE Powell, RD TI Ice foot development at temperate tidewater margins in Alaska SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GLACIERS; OSCILLATIONS; SHEET AB The presence of an ice foot at the base of temperate tidewater ice cliffs has been debated for nearly 100 years. This paper presents evidence demonstrating ice feet at tidewater margins in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ice feet are likely sources of many submarine icebergs originating at the ice margin. The cause of ice foot development is unclear, but may represent a change in fracture behavior near the bed where higher debris concentrations affect fracture propagation and calving. Ice foot formation can be favored by englacial discharge and sediment ramps along the glacier margin that can cause differential melting of the ice cliff. The presence of ice feet is important to understanding ice-proximal sediment dynamics because they are a primary source of debris-rich icebergs and their calving affects sediment redistribution patterns. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Geol, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Hunter, LE (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 25 IS 11 BP 1923 EP 1926 DI 10.1029/98GL01403 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA ZR962 UT WOS:000074033800042 ER PT J AU McCluskey, FP Hakim, EB Fink, J Fowler, A Pecht, MG AF McCluskey, FP Hakim, EB Fink, J Fowler, A Pecht, MG TI Reliability assessment of electronic components exposed to long-term non-operating conditions SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPONENTS PACKAGING AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY PART A LA English DT Article DE commercial insertion; dormant storage; electronic packaging; physics-of-failure; plastic encapsulated microcircuits; reliability ID MICROCIRCUITS AB The decreased availability of MIL-SPEC components is forcing designers of low volume complex electronic systems, such as avionics and defense electronics, to consider the use of commercial off-the-shelf plastic encapsulated microcircuits (COTS PEM's), Traditionally, designers of these long-life, high reliability systems have been reluctant to use COTS PEM's because of concerns related to their capability to survive in harsh environments over long periods of continuous or intermittent operation. Many commercial insertion studies in the last several years have now conclusively demonstrated that PEM's made using best commercial materials, processes, and quality techniques will permit devices to perform reliably in the most severe environments. However, only recently have studies focused on the reliability of PEM's in that subset of applications requiring short time operation after long periods of unpowered storage (10 to 20 yrs). This paper presents the results of five critical commercial insertion studies focusing on long term storage reliability. These studies include analysis of PEM's, hermetic microcircuits, and assemblies stored for up to 28 yrs in various storage locations around the world. Regardless of the storage conditions, commercial grade PEM's, without screening or incoming inspection, survived assembly and extended storage, even though, in some cases, degradation was observed on the boards. C1 Univ Maryland, CALCE, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Labs, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. Honeywell CAS SPO, Coon Rapids, MN 55433 USA. RP McCluskey, FP (reprint author), Univ Maryland, CALCE, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI McCluskey, Patrick/H-6035-2013; OI Pecht, Michael/0000-0003-1126-8662 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1070-9886 J9 IEEE T COMPON PACK A JI IEEE Trans Compon. Packag. Manuf. Technol. Part A PD JUN PY 1998 VL 21 IS 2 BP 352 EP 359 DI 10.1109/95.705484 PG 8 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 109HQ UT WOS:000075316400020 ER PT J AU Harvey, JF AF Harvey, JF TI Mini-special issue on Research Reported at the 1997 Topical Symposium on Millimeter Waves (TSMMW'97) - Guest editor's overview SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Harvey, JF (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 46 IS 6 BP 725 EP 726 DI 10.1109/TMTT.1998.681192 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA ZQ886 UT WOS:000073912900001 ER PT J AU Hicks, CW Hwang, HS Steer, MB Mink, JW Harvey, JF AF Hicks, CW Hwang, HS Steer, MB Mink, JW Harvey, JF TI Spatial power combining for two-dimensional structures SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Topical Symposium on Millimeter Waves CY JUL 07-08, 1997 CL SHONAN VILLAGE CTR, HAYAMA, JAPAN SP USAF, Off Sci Res, IEEE, Microwave Theory & Techn Soc HO SHONAN VILLAGE CTR DE power combining ID WAVE-GUIDE AB The two-dimensional (2-D) hybrid dielectric slab-beam open and closed waveguide systems are suitable for the design of planar quasi-optical integrated circuits and devices. An open system consisting of an active E-plane amplifier array consisting of Vivaldi-type antennas with MESFET and monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) devices was investigated. The 4 x 1 MESFET amplifier array generated 11 and 4.5 dB of amplifier and system gain, respectively, at 7.12 GHz, and the cascade MMIC Vivaldi-type antenna produced 24 dB of amplifier gain at 8.4 GHz, Also, experiments on a new 2-D H-plane parallel-plate closed system with a stripline slot antenna is introduced, and the wavebeam-mode theory is presented. The new system minimizes scattering and isolation losses associated with open structures. The amplifier gain of the closed system based on slot antennas is compared to the open system based on Vivaldi antennas. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Adv Comp & Commun, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Hicks, CW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Adv Comp & Commun, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 46 IS 6 BP 784 EP 791 DI 10.1109/22.681201 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA ZQ886 UT WOS:000073912900010 ER PT J AU Abe, DK Carmel, Y Miller, SM Bromborsky, A Levush, B Antonsen, TM Destler, WW AF Abe, DK Carmel, Y Miller, SM Bromborsky, A Levush, B Antonsen, TM Destler, WW TI Experimental studies of overmoded relativistic backward-wave oscillators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on High Power Microwave (HPM) Generation and Pulse Shortening CY JUN 10-12, 1997 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND DE backward-wave oscillator (BWO); high-power microwave (HPM); overmoded ID CUTOFF AB Internal field-emission breakdown in the electrodynamic structures of high-power microwave (HPM) devices can seriously limit the device's output power and pulse duration. Increasing the diameter of the electrodynamic structure to several times an electromagnetic wavelength can reduce these internal fields to below critical breakdown levels, but may introduce mode competition as an unwanted side effect. This paper presents the design and results of experiments with overmoded (D/lambda similar to 3), sinusoidally corrugated backward-wave oscillators (BWO's) that successfully produced TM0.1.; high-power microwave radiation in the frequency range of 5.2-5.7 GHz. Overmoded BWO's reproducibly generated similar to 200 MW of peak power with corresponding efficiencies of similar to 4%, Pulse shortening was not observed in any of the experiments. The radiation generated by the devices was highly coherent (typically, Delta f/f < 0.5%) and corresponded to a fundamental TR0.1.-mode interaction, The experimental results were compared with calculations made with recently developed nonlinear models; the measured data are shown to agree favorably with theory. The results of the experiments and modeling demonstrate that overmoded electrodynamic structures can be used to decrease internal electric field stresses while avoiding multimode generation and maintaining good spectral purity. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Maryland, Inst Plasma Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. ENSCO, Springfield, VA 22150 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Abe, DK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Abe, David/D-7546-2013; Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 NR 16 TC 29 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 3 BP 591 EP 604 DI 10.1109/27.700796 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA ZZ012 UT WOS:000074686400049 ER PT J AU Sheridan, RE Deshpande, SS AF Sheridan, RE Deshpande, SS TI Cytotoxicity induced by intracellular zinc chelation in rat cortical neurons SO IN VITRO & MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY-A JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CELL-CULTURE; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; PHYSIOLOGICAL-ROLE; APOPTOSIS; DEATH; CURRENTS; LINES AB Cytotoxicity produced by Zn2+ chelation with the membrane permeant compound N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl-ethylenediamine (TPEN) was studied in isolated rat cortical neurons. Cell cultures from fetal rat cortex were exposed to TPEN for 2-24 h at 37 degrees C. In the continuous presence of greater than or equal to 10 mu M TPEN for 24 h, light microscopy revealed morphological damage that included granular opacities in neural processes, cytoplasmic blebs of the soma, and, at higher concentrations, cellular detachment from the substrate. These changes were correlated with release of cellular LDH, Both morphological damage and LDH release increased over time. These cytotoxic effects apparently were linked to chelation of intracellular zinc by TPEN and could not be replicated with a 1:1 complex of Zn:TPEN or with the membrane impermeant chelator dipicolinic acid. Incubation of the cortical cells with the noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 did not prevent TPEN-induced cytotoxicity or LDH release but could block glutamate-induced neuron damage. Patch-clamp recordings of spike activity in the cortical cultures also indicated no significant increase in spontaneous activity during the Initial 2 h of TPEN application. Thus, the mechanism of TPEN cytotoxicity does not seem to be mediated by enhanced release of endogenous glutamate. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pathophysiol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Sheridan, RE (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1097-9336 J9 IN VITRO MOL TOXICOL JI In Vitro Mol. Toxicol.-J. Basic Appl. Res. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 11 IS 2 BP 161 EP 169 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 110GK UT WOS:000075371700006 ER PT J AU Richards, RL Rao, M Wassef, NM Glenn, GM Rothwell, SW Alving, CR AF Richards, RL Rao, M Wassef, NM Glenn, GM Rothwell, SW Alving, CR TI Liposomes containing lipid a serve as an adjuvant for induction of antibody and cytotoxic T-cell responses against RTS,S malaria antigen SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC LIPOPEPTIDE VACCINE; B SURFACE-ANTIGEN; CLASS-I MOLECULES; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE-PROTEIN; LYMPHOCYTES-T; PEPTIDE; VIRUS; IMMUNOGENICITY; MACROPHAGES AB Encapsulation of soluble protein antigens in liposomes was previously shown to result in processing of antigen via the major histocompatibility complex class I pathway, as evidenced by costaining of the trans-Golgi region of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMs) by fluorophore-labeled liposomal antigen and by a trans-Golgi-specific fluorescent lipid. Evidence is presented here that free or liposome-encapsulated RTS,S, a particulate malaria antigen consisting of hepatitis B particles coexpressed with epitopes from the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein, also was localized in the trans-Golgi after incubation with BMs, suggesting processing by the class I pathway. An in vivo cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response aas detected, however, only after immunization with RTS,S encapsulated in liposomes containing lipid A and not after immunization with free RTS,S or with RTS,S encapsulated in liposomes lacking lipid A. Therefore, intracellular delivery of antigen containing CTL epitopes to the Golgi of BMs does not necessarily result in a CTL response in vivo unless an additional adjuvant, such as liposomes containing lipid A, is utilized. Encapsulation of RTS,S in liposomes containing monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) resulted in a dose-dependent enhancement of the NANP-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody response compared to that of free RTS,S. The IgG1 and IgG2a subclasses predominated after immunization with RTS,S encapsulated in liposomes containing MPL. These results demonstrate that encapsulation of a lipid-containing particulate antigen, such as RTS,S, in liposomes containing lipid A can enhance both humoral and cellular immune responses. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Richards, RL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM dr._roberta_owens@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil NR 46 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 66 IS 6 BP 2859 EP 2865 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZP714 UT WOS:000073781100066 PM 9596760 ER PT J AU Pandolf, KB AF Pandolf, KB TI Time course of heat acclimation and its decay SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE aerobic fitness; athletic competition; core temperature; exercise-heat acclimation; heart rate; retention of acclimation; sweating AB More is known about the time course for the acquisition of human heat acclimation during exercise than its decay or loss. Pioneering research in the 1940s led to our early understanding of the heat acclimation process and its subsequent decay with further knowledge concerning the associated physiological mechanisms in later years. For both hot-dry and hot-humid environments, nearly complete exercise-heat acclimation occurs after 7 to 10 days of exposure. However, about two-thirds to 75% of the physiological adjustments and improvements in performance are seen in 4 to 6 days. Individuals with high levels of aerobic fitness are partially but not fully acclimated to the heat. Most of the early studies on decay or loss of heat acclimation are flawed by very small samples, incomplete heat acclimation or inappropriate measurements. Nevertheless, these studies are pioneering in a sense because they indicate that the retention of heat acclimation is quite variable between individuals and environments. Retention of the benefits of heat acclimation appears to remain longer for dry compared to humid heat. High levels of aerobic fitness seem associated with greater retention of heat acclimation. Further well-designed and definitive studies on decay or loss of heat acclimation appear necessary. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Pandolf, KB (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 13 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 10 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 30 11 20, D-70451 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0172-4622 J9 INT J SPORTS MED JI Int. J. Sports Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 19 SU 2 BP S157 EP S160 DI 10.1055/s-2007-971985 PG 4 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 102GT UT WOS:000074916600021 PM 9694426 ER PT J AU Sawka, MN Latzka, WA Matott, RP Montain, SJ AF Sawka, MN Latzka, WA Matott, RP Montain, SJ TI Hydration effects on temperature regulation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE core temperature; electrolyte requirements; skin blood flow; dehydration; fluid redistribution; hypohydration; hyperhydration; sweating; thermoregulation; water requirements ID EXERCISE; HYPOHYDRATION AB During exercise in the heat, sweat output often exceeds water intake which results in a body water deficit (hypohydration) and electrolyte losses. Daily water losses can be substantial and persons need to emphasize drinking during exercise as well as at mealtime. Aerobic exercise tasks are likely to be adversely affected by heat stress and hypohydration; and the warmer the climate the greater the potential for performance decrements. Hypohydration increases heat storage and reduces one's ability to tolerate heat strain. The increased heat storage is mediated by reduced sweating rate (evaporative heat loss) and reduced skin blood flow (dry heat loss) for a given core temperature. Hyperhydration (increased total body water) has been suggested to reduce physiologic strain during exercise heat stress, however, data supporting that notion are not robust. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Sawka, MN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 10 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 15 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 30 11 20, D-70451 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0172-4622 J9 INT J SPORTS MED JI Int. J. Sports Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 19 SU 2 BP S108 EP S110 DI 10.1055/s-2007-971971 PG 3 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 102GT UT WOS:000074916600007 PM 9694412 ER PT J AU Jenkins, RA Chinaworapong, S Morgan, PA Ruangyuttikarn, C Sontirat, A Chiu, J Michael, RA Nitayaphan, S Khamboonruang, C AF Jenkins, RA Chinaworapong, S Morgan, PA Ruangyuttikarn, C Sontirat, A Chiu, J Michael, RA Nitayaphan, S Khamboonruang, C TI Motivation, recruitment, and screening of volunteers for a phase I/II HIV preventive vaccine trial in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV vaccine trials; research participation; ethical issues; motivation; altruism; developing countries; Thailand AB Data from recruitment and screening for a phase I/II preventive HIV-1 vaccine trial in Thailand were evaluated with respect to correlates of participation at each phase. Correlates included demographic variables, motivation for interest in the trial, and factors related to communication and contact. Participants were recruited at two sites through varied methods. The majority of prescreenees reported altruistic motives for interest in the trial and blood donors emerged as a group that may have been particularly altruistic. Findings indicated site differences in attrition during recruitment and screening, but not in enrollment into the vaccine trial. Blood donation and willingness to be contacted by phone at home were significantly related to making and keeping screening appointments. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Bangkok, Thailand. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. Royal Thai Army Med Dept, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Jenkins, RA (reprint author), USA, MC, AFRIMS, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 13 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 18 IS 2 BP 171 EP 177 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZU166 UT WOS:000074168900009 PM 9637582 ER PT J AU Cosmas, GA AF Cosmas, GA TI Semper Fi - Vietnam: From Da Nang to the DMZ: Marine Corps campaigns, 1965-1975. SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Cosmas, GA (reprint author), USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 85 IS 1 BP 308 EP 309 DI 10.2307/2568573 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 109MP UT WOS:000075326600143 ER PT J AU Summers, HG AF Summers, HG TI Son Thang: An American war crime. SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Bowie, MD USA. RP Summers, HG (reprint author), USA, Bowie, MD USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 85 IS 1 BP 309 EP 310 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 109MP UT WOS:000075326600144 ER PT J AU Latzka, WA Sawka, MN Montain, SJ Skrinar, GS Fielding, RA Matott, RP Pandolf, KB AF Latzka, WA Sawka, MN Montain, SJ Skrinar, GS Fielding, RA Matott, RP Pandolf, KB TI Hyperhydration: tolerance and cardiovascular effects during uncompensable exercise-heat stress SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cardiac output; core temperature; fluid replacement; glycerol; heat stress; hydration; sweating; heat tolerance; physiological tolerance ID MUSCLE METABOLISM; TEMPERATURES; ACCLIMATION; ADAPTATIONS; STRAIN; WATER; COLD; HOT AB This study examined the efficacy of glycerol and water hyperhydration (1 h before exercise) on tolerance and cardiovascular strain during uncompensable exercise-heat stress. The approach was to determine whether l-h preexercise hyperhydration (29.1 ml H2O/kg lean body mass with or without 1.2 g/kg lean body mass of glycerol) provided a physiological advantage over euhydration. Eight heat-acclimated men completed three trials (control euhydration before exercise, and glycerol and water hyperhydrations) consisting of treadmill exercise-heat stress (ratio of evaporative heat loss required to maximal capacity of climate = 416). During exercise (similar to 55% maximal O-2 uptake), there was no difference between glycerol and water hyperhydration methods for increasing (P < 0.05) total body water. Glycerol hyperhydration endurance time (33.8 +/- 3.0 min) was longer (P < 0.05) than for control (29.5 +/- 3.5 min), but was not different (P > 0.05) from that of water hyperhydration (31.3 +/- 3.1 min). Hyperhydration did not alter (P > 0.05) core temperature, whole body sweating rate, cardiac output, blood pressure, total peripheral resistance, or core temperature tolerance. Exhaustion from heat strain occurred at similar core and skin temperatures and heart rates in each trial. Symptoms at exhaustion included syncope and ataxia, fatigue, dyspnea, and muscle cramps (n = 11, 10, 2, and 1 cases, respectively). We conclude that 1-h preexercise glycerol hyperhydration provides no meaningful physiological advantage over water hyperhydration and that hyperhydration per se only provides the advantage (over euhydration) of delaying hypohydration during uncompensble exercise-heat stress. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Latzka, WA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 36 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 84 IS 6 BP 1858 EP 1864 PG 7 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA ZR297 UT WOS:000073960000006 PM 9609777 ER PT J AU Montain, SJ Smith, SA Mattot, RP Zientara, GP Jolesz, FA Sawka, MN AF Montain, SJ Smith, SA Mattot, RP Zientara, GP Jolesz, FA Sawka, MN TI Hypohydration effects on skeletal muscle performance and metabolism: a P-31-MRS study SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fatigue; acid-base balance ID WEIGHT-LOSS; DEHYDRATION; EXERCISE; FATIGUE AB The purpose of this study was to determine whether hypohydration reduces skeletal muscle endurance and whether increased H+ and P-i might contribute to performance degradation. Ten physically active volunteers (age 21-40 yr) performed supine single-leg, knee-extension exercise to exhaustion in a 1.5-T whole body magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) system when euhydrated and when hypohydrated (4% body wt). P-31 spectra were collected at a rate of one per second at rest, exercise, and recovery, and were grouped and averaged to represent 10-s intervals. The desired hydration level was achieved by having the subjects perform 2-3 h of exercise in a warm room (40 degrees C dry bulb, 20% relative humidity) with or without fluid replacement 3-8 h before the experiment. Time to fatigue was reduced (P < 0.05) by 15% when the subjects were hypohydrated [213 +/- 12 vs. 251 +/- 15 (SE) s]. Muscle strength was generally not affected by hypohydration. Muscle pH and P-i/beta-ATP ratio were similar during exercise and at exhaustion, regardless of hydration state. The time constants for phosphocreatine recovery were also similar between trials. In summary, moderate hypohydration reduces muscle endurance, and neither H+ nor P-i concentration appears to be related to these reductions. C1 USA, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Montain, SJ (reprint author), USA, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 30 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 84 IS 6 BP 1889 EP 1894 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA ZR297 UT WOS:000073960000010 PM 9609781 ER PT J AU Shitzer, A Bellomo, S Stroschein, LA Gonzalez, RR Pandolf, KB AF Shitzer, A Bellomo, S Stroschein, LA Gonzalez, RR Pandolf, KB TI Simulation of a cold-stressed finger including the effects of wind, gloves, and cold-induced vasodilatation SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The thermal response of fingers exposed to cold weather conditions has been simulated Energy balance equations were formulated, in a former study, for the tissue layers and the arterial, venous, and capillary blood vessels. The equations were solved by a finite difference scheme using the Thomas algorithm and the method of alternating directions. At this stage of development the model does not include any autonomic control functions. Model simulations assumed an electrical heating element to be embedded in the glove layers applied on the finger. A 1.3 W power input was calculated for maintaining finger temperatures at their pre-cold exposure level in a 0 degrees C environment. Alternate assumptions of nutritional (low) and basal thigh) blood flows in the finger demonstrated the dominance of this factor in maintaining finger temperatures at comfortable levels. Simulated exposures to still and windy air at 4.17 m/s (15 km/h), indicated the profound chilling effects of wind on fingers in cold environments. Finally, the effects of variable blood flow in the finger, known as "cold-induced vasodilatation," were also investigated. Blood flow variations were assumed to be represented by periodic, symmetric triangular waves allowing for gradual opening-closing cycles of blood supply to the tip of the finger. Results of this part of the simulation were compared with measured records of bare finger temperatures. Good conformity was obtained for a plausible pattern of change in bloodflow, which was assumed to be provided in its entirety to the tip of the finger alone. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Shitzer, A (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0148-0731 J9 J BIOMECH ENG-T ASME JI J. Biomech. Eng.-Trans. ASME PD JUN PY 1998 VL 120 IS 3 BP 389 EP 394 DI 10.1115/1.2798006 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA ZY314 UT WOS:000074607700011 PM 10412407 ER PT J AU Jennings, JE Davis, ST Sessions, SC Yowler, CJ AF Jennings, JE Davis, ST Sessions, SC Yowler, CJ TI Preoperative valvuloplasty in a thermally injured patient with critical aortic stenosis SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA LA English DT Article DE thermal injury; aortic stenosis; valvuloplasty ID BALLOON VALVULOPLASTY C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Davis, ST (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Attn MCHE SDA, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1053-0770 J9 J CARDIOTHOR VASC AN JI J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 12 IS 3 BP 324 EP 325 DI 10.1016/S1053-0770(98)90016-7 PG 2 WC Anesthesiology; Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Anesthesiology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System GA ZU174 UT WOS:000074169700017 PM 9636918 ER PT J AU Segev, DL Saji, M Phillips, GS Westra, WH Takiyama, Y Piantadosi, S Smallridge, RC Nishiyama, RH Udelsman, R Zeiger, MA AF Segev, DL Saji, M Phillips, GS Westra, WH Takiyama, Y Piantadosi, S Smallridge, RC Nishiyama, RH Udelsman, R Zeiger, MA TI Polymerase chain reaction-based microsatellite polymorphism analysis of follicular and Hurthle cell neoplasms of the thyroid SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION; HUMAN-BREAST; CANCER; TUMORS; ALLELOTYPE; MANAGEMENT; CARCINOMA; GLAND; INSTABILITY; PROGRESSION AB Follicular and Hurthle cell carcinomas of the thyroid cannot be differentiated from adenomas by either preoperative fine needle aspiration or intraoperative frozen section examination, and yet there exist potentially significant differences in the recommended surgical management. We examined, by PCR-based microsatellite polymorphism analysis, DNA obtained from 83 thyroid neoplasms [22 follicular adenomas, 29 follicular carcinomas, 20 Hurthle cell adenomas (HA), and 12 Hurthle cell carcinomas (HC)] to determine whether a pattern of allelic alteration exists that could help distinguish benign from malignant lesions. Alterations were found in only 7.5% of informative PCR reactions from follicular neoplasms, whereas they were found in 23.3% of reactions from Hurthle cell neoplasms. Although there were no significant differences between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma, HC demonstrated a significantly greater percentage of allelic alteration than HA on chromosomal arms 1q (P < 0.001) and 2p (P < 0.05) by Fisher's exact test. The documentation of an alteration on either 1q or 2p was 100% sensitive and 65% specific in the detection of HC (P < 0.0005, by McNemar's test). In conclusion, PCR-based microsatellite polymorphism analysis maybe a useful technique in distinguishing HC from HA. Potentially, the application of this technique to aspirated material may allow this distinction preoperatively and thus facilitate more optimal surgical management. Consistent regions of allelic alteration may also indicate the locations of critical genes, such as tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes, that are important in the progression from adenoma to carcinoma. Finally, this study demonstrates that Hurthle cell neoplasms, now considered variants of follicular neoplasms, differ significantly from follicular neoplasms on a molecular level. C1 Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Surg, Div Endocrine & Oncol Surg, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Maine Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Portland, ME 04102 USA. RP Zeiger, MA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Surg, Div Endocrine & Oncol Surg, 600 N Wolfe St,Carnegie 681, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM mzeiger@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu RI Saji, Motoyasu/E-4007-2011 NR 41 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X EI 1945-7197 J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 83 IS 6 BP 2036 EP 2042 DI 10.1210/jc.83.6.2036 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA ZT221 UT WOS:000074062200034 PM 9626136 ER PT J AU Lew, J Reichelderfer, P Fowler, M Bremer, J Carrol, R Cassol, S Chernoff, D Coombs, R Cronin, M Dickover, R Fiscus, S Herman, S Jackson, B Kornegay, J Kovacs, A McIntosh, K Meyer, W Michael, N Mofenson, L Moye, J Quinn, T Robb, M Vahey, M Weiser, B Yeghiazarian, T AF Lew, J Reichelderfer, P Fowler, M Bremer, J Carrol, R Cassol, S Chernoff, D Coombs, R Cronin, M Dickover, R Fiscus, S Herman, S Jackson, B Kornegay, J Kovacs, A McIntosh, K Meyer, W Michael, N Mofenson, L Moye, J Quinn, T Robb, M Vahey, M Weiser, B Yeghiazarian, T TI Determinations of levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in plasma: Reassessment of parameters affecting assay outcome SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Technology Utilization for HIV-1 Blood Evaluation and Standardization in Pediatrics - a Special EMphasis on Plasma RNA Assays CY JUN 17-18, 1996 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP NIAID ID HIV-1 RNA; ZIDOVUDINE TREATMENT; VIRAL LOAD; QUANTIFICATION; QUANTITATION; AMPLIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; PROGRESSION; INFECTION; AIDS C1 NIAID, NIH, DAIDS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NICHD, Bethesda, MD USA. Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Organon Teknika Corp, Durham, NC USA. Ottawa Gen Hosp, Res Inst, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada. Chiron Diagnost, Emeryville, CA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Roche Mol Syst, Branchburg, NJ USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Quest Diagnost, Baltimore, MD USA. Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr Labs & Res, Albany, NY 12201 USA. RP Lew, J (reprint author), NIAID, NIH, DAIDS, 6003 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM jl1w@nih.gov OI Mofenson, Lynne/0000-0002-2818-9808; moye, john/0000-0001-9976-8586 FU CIT NIH HHS [ACTG 96VC010]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000046]; NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI027535, U01 AI035004, U01 AI025868, N0-AI-35172]; NICHD NIH HHS [U01 HD032632, N01-HD-3-3162] NR 38 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1471 EP 1479 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA ZN392 UT WOS:000073641300001 PM 9620364 ER PT J AU Stanley, DJ Warne, AG AF Stanley, DJ Warne, AG TI Nile delta in its destruction phase SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT World Deltas Symposium CY AUG 23-29, 1998 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Ocean Energy Inc DE Aswan dams; barrages; canals; coastal erosion; delta construction; delta destruction; diseases; drill cores; Egypt; industrial waste; lagoons; Lake Nasser; land conversion; Mediterranean Sea; Nile Cone; Nile delta; pollution; population pressure; River Nile; salinization; waterways; wetlands ID LATE QUATERNARY STRATIGRAPHY; SEA-LEVEL; PALEOCLIMATIC OSCILLATIONS; SEDIMENT DISPERSAL; RECENT SUBSIDENCE; HEAVY MINERALS; EGYPT; EVOLUTION; COAST; HOLOCENE AB All deltas undergo alternating construction to destruction phases due to fundamental changes in the relative influence of sediment input from rivers and redistribution by marine coastal processes. During the past 7000 years world deltas, including the Nile, have been in an overall construction phase. However, the Nile delta has converted to a destruction phase during the past 150 years, triggered by water regulation which has disrupted the balance among sediment influx, erosive effects of coastal processes, and subsidence. This former depocenter has been altered to the extent that it is no longer a functioning delta but, rather, a subsiding and eroding coastal plain. Symptoms of the destruction phase of the Nile delta include accelerated coastal erosion and straightening of the shoreline, reduction in wetland size, increased landward incursion of saline groundwater, and buildup of salt and pollutants to toxic levels in wetlands and delta plain. Without seasonal flushing by floods, the former delta plain surface is now incapable of recycling and/or removing agricultural, municipal and industrial wastes generated by Egypt's rapidly expanding population. Moreover, the remaining capacity of the system to regenerate itself will further diminish as water is diverted away from the delta for new irrigation and municipal projects in the Egyptian desert, and water allocations to Egypt are decreased by upstream countries. Reestablishing some level of natural hydrology is the only credible solution for attaining equilibrium among sediment accretion on the delta plain to offset subsidence, progradation along the coast to offset erosion, and sufficient water influx to flush and remove the high levels of salt and pollutants throughout the system. However, increased Nile water and sediment discharge could begin to restore a functioning delta system only if there is a substantial reduction in human impacts. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Deltas Global Change Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA. CEWES, GG, YH, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Stanley, DJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Deltas Global Change Program, E-206 NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 163 TC 131 Z9 142 U1 5 U2 49 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 14 IS 3 BP 794 EP 825 PG 32 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 111DB UT WOS:000075421100008 ER PT J AU Coleman, JM Walker, HJ Grabau, WE AF Coleman, JM Walker, HJ Grabau, WE TI Sediment instability in the Mississippi River delta SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT World Deltas Symposium CY AUG 23-29, 1998 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Ocean Energy Inc DE mudlumps; sediment instability James P Morgan; Mississippi River delta AB One of the first major studies conducted by James P. Morgan was the examination of the structure, nature and origin Of mudlumps. The origin of these features, which are virtually unique to the Mississippi River delta, had been the subject of much debate since they were first reported in 1528. Morgan and his colleagues concluded that they are small diapirs that have resulted from upthrusting of plastic clays in response to overloading by distributary mouth bar sands. These mudlump studies led to further research into sediment instability across the subaqueous delta of the Mississippi. This research, much of it conducted by Morgan's students, was greatly enhanced as the petroleum industry began to work in deeper water. Eventually side-scan sonar and high-resolution geophysical techniques were added showing the complicated nature of the subaqueous delta front. This paper summarizes the initial work of Morgan on sediment instability and mudlump formation and discusses the sediment instabilities that occur on the subaqueous delta front off the river mouths. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Inst Coastal Studies, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geog, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Coleman, JM (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Inst Coastal Studies, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 3 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 14 IS 3 BP 872 EP 881 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 111DB UT WOS:000075421100014 ER PT J AU Houston, JR AF Houston, JR TI Rejoinder to: Pilkey,O.H.; Young,R.S.; Thieler,E.R.; Jacobs,B.S.; Katuna,M.P.; Lemon,G., and Moeller,M.E., 1996. Reply to Houston,J.R. A discussion of the generalized model for simulating shoreline change (GENESIS). Journal of Coastal Research, 12(4), 1044-1050. SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Houston, JR (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 14 IS 3 BP 1170 EP 1173 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 111DB UT WOS:000075421100042 ER PT J AU Tuthill, AM AF Tuthill, AM TI Structural ice control: A review SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB This paper reviews the state of the art in structural ice control, addressing the ranges as well as the limitations of ice retention methods in use today. Structural techniques are grouped according to the main purposes of ice formation and breakup ice control. The objectives and performance of a range of existing ice retention structures are discussed, with special attention given to innovative methods. Typical hydraulic conditions of application for different types of structures are considered, and possible future directions in structural ice control research and development are discussed. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Tuthill, AM (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 12 IS 2 BP 33 EP 51 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(1998)12:2(33) PG 19 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA ZP271 UT WOS:000073735600001 ER PT J AU Vydyanath, HR Aqariden, F Wijewarnasuriya, PS Sivanathan, S Chambers, G Becker, L AF Vydyanath, HR Aqariden, F Wijewarnasuriya, PS Sivanathan, S Chambers, G Becker, L TI Analysis of the variation in the composition as a function of growth parameters in the MBE growth of indium doped Hg1-xCdxTe SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II - VI Materials CY OCT 21-23, 1997 CL SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA SP USA, CECOM, NVESD, USA, SSDC, USN, Off Naval Res, USAF, Air Force Wright Lab, Amer Phys Soc, Minerals, Metals & Mat Soc DE doping; HgCdTe; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) AB Compositional changes induced in growing Hg(1-x)Cg(x)Te layers as a function of the changes in temperature of the indium source in the MBE chamber have been analyzed in terms of the Hg-In alloy thermodynamics and changes In the activity of indium over the growing films as the Hg flux changes. Compositional changes induced by changes in the Te source temperature have been analyzed in terms of the changes in the activity of Cd over the growing layers. These analysis are helpful in understanding the compositional changes with variation of the growth parameters in the MBE chamber. C1 Avyd Devices Inc, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. USA, Space & Strateg Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Vydyanath, HR (reprint author), Avyd Devices Inc, 2925 Coll Ave,Unit A-1, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 27 IS 6 BP 504 EP 506 DI 10.1007/s11664-998-0005-7 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA ZV637 UT WOS:000074325800005 ER PT J AU Hollingsworth, RE Dehart, C Wang, L Johnson, JN Benson, JD Dinan, EH AF Hollingsworth, RE Dehart, C Wang, L Johnson, JN Benson, JD Dinan, EH TI An a-Si : H vacuum-compatible photoresist process for fabricating device structures in HgCdTe SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II - VI Materials CY OCT 21-23, 1997 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP USA, CECOM, NVESD, USA, SSDC, USN, Off Naval Res, USAF, Air Force Wright Lab, Amer Phys Soc, Minerals, Metals & Mat Soc DE dry processing; HgCdTe; pattern transfer ID SILICON; DEPOSITION; SURFACES; PLASMAS AB A process for transferring patterns into HgCdTe epilayers using a hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) photomask has been demonstrated, a-Si:H films were grown using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). A latent image of a projected mask pattern was created at the a-Si:H surface by ultraviolet enhanced oxidation in the load lock of the PECVD vacuum chamber. This image was transformed into a mask by hydrogen plasma removal of the unexposed areas. A hydrogen plasma etch selectivity value greater than 500:1 for oxide and a-Si:H allows patterns as thick as 700 nm to be generated. a-Si:H masks were used to create arrays of mesas in planar HgCdTe epilayers by etching in an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma reactor. Etch selectivity between a-Si:H and HgCdTe during an ECR hydrogen plasma etch was measured to be greater than 18:1. RP values > 10(3) were obtained for midwavelength infrared diodes made from HgCdTe heterojunctions using a-Si:H masks. C1 Mat Res Grp Inc, Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 USA. E OIR Measurements Inc, Spotsylvania, VA 22553 USA. USA, CECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Hollingsworth, RE (reprint author), Mat Res Grp Inc, 12441 W 49th Ave, Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 27 IS 6 BP 689 EP 693 DI 10.1007/s11664-998-0037-z PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA ZV637 UT WOS:000074325800037 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, EB Colwell, GT AF Zimmerman, EB Colwell, GT TI Installation effects on air temperatures within outdoor electronic cabinets SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC PACKAGING LA English DT Article AB A numerical model is used to assess the effect of shading by adjacent buildings on the peak average inside air temperature of an outdoor electronics cabinet, The numerical model was verified by comparing numerical predictions to experimental results obtained from a fully loaded telephone switching cabinet, The cabinet is assumed to be located in either Seattle, WA or Phoenix, AZ. Results indicate that careful selection of cabinet location around a building has the potential (at minimal cost) for providing a significant improvement in the thermal behavior of the cabinet, thus reducing the chances of thermal induced failures. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Zimmerman, EB (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1043-7398 J9 J ELECTRON PACKAGING JI J. Electron. Packag. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 120 IS 2 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1115/1.2792621 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA ZV243 UT WOS:000074284700017 ER PT J AU Edge, BL Scheffner, NW Fisher, JS Vignet, SN AF Edge, BL Scheffner, NW Fisher, JS Vignet, SN TI Determination of velocity in estuary for bridge scour computations SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB Determination of the appropriate design for protection against bridge pier scour depends significantly upon the design velocities at the project site. In estuaries with large influences by tides or storm surges, the velocity is controlled by the dynamic change in water level. These changes at the ocean boundary together with the upland runoff drive the hydrodynamics of the system. Because the ocean water surface is a function of the characteristics of storm surges, the velocity is likewise similarly affected. Thus, in order to determine the velocity at the proposed project site, a simulation of the hydrodynamics is required using the ocean storm surge as the driving boundary condition. A problem arises, however, in defining an appropriate method to correctly describe the ocean boundary. This paper describes three methods for determining the boundary condition based upon historical and stochastic representations of tropical storms (hurricanes) at the ocean boundary of a particular estuary. Each of the three methods is applied to the Indian River estuary in Delaware. For a simple and conservative approach, the single design hydrograph method yields good results for the Indian River example. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Oc Engrg Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USA, Coastal Engn Res Ctr, Engrs Wtrwy Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Edge & Assoc, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Edge, BL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Oc Engrg Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. OI Edge, Billy/0000-0001-9291-3920 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUN PY 1998 VL 124 IS 6 BP 619 EP 628 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1998)124:6(619) PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA ZP556 UT WOS:000073765300010 ER PT J AU Maynord, ST AF Maynord, ST TI Sizing dumped rock riprap SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Maynord, ST (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUN PY 1998 VL 124 IS 6 BP 652 EP 652 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1998)124:6(652) PG 1 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA ZP556 UT WOS:000073765300016 ER PT J AU Ockenhouse, CF Sun, PF Lanar, DE Wellde, BT Hall, BT Kester, K Stoute, JA Magill, A Krzych, U Farley, L Wirtz, RA Sadoff, JC Kaslow, DC Kumar, S Church, LWP Crutcher, JM Wizel, B Hoffman, S Lalvani, A Hill, AVS Tine, JA Guito, KP de Taisne, C Anders, R Horii, T Paoletti, E Ballou, WR AF Ockenhouse, CF Sun, PF Lanar, DE Wellde, BT Hall, BT Kester, K Stoute, JA Magill, A Krzych, U Farley, L Wirtz, RA Sadoff, JC Kaslow, DC Kumar, S Church, LWP Crutcher, JM Wizel, B Hoffman, S Lalvani, A Hill, AVS Tine, JA Guito, KP de Taisne, C Anders, R Horii, T Paoletti, E Ballou, WR TI Phase I/IIa safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy trial of NYVAC-Pf7, a pox-vectored, multiantigen, multistage vaccine candidate for Plasmodium falciparum malaria SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GENETICALLY ENGINEERED POXVIRUSES; GLYCOPROTEIN-D; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ENVELOPE GENE; LIVE VACCINES; VIRUS; PROTECTION; PROTEIN; HERPES AB Candidate malaria vaccines have failed to elicit consistently protective immune responses against challenge with Plasmodium falciparum. NYVAC-Pf7, a highly attenuated vaccinia virus with 7 P. falciparum genes inserted into its genome, was tested in a phase I/IIa safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy vaccine trial in human volunteers. Malaria genes inserted into the NYVAC genome encoded proteins from all stages of the parasite's life cycle. Volunteers received three immunizations of two different dosages of NYVAC-Pf7. The vaccine was safe and well tolerated but variably immunogenic. While antibody responses were generally poor, cellular immune responses were detected in >90% of the volunteers. Of the 35 volunteers challenged with the bite of 5 P. falciparum-infected Anopheles mosquitoes, 1 was completely protected, and there was a significant delay in time to parasite patency in the groups of volunteers who received either the low or high dose of vaccine compared with control volunteers. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Res Inst, Malaria Program, Bethesda, MD USA. NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Oxford, Inst Mol Med, Oxford, England. Virogenet Corp, Troy, NY USA. Connaught Labs Inc, Swiftwater, PA 18370 USA. Pasteur Merieux Connaught, Marcy Letoile, France. Walter & Eliza Hall Inst Med Res, Melbourne, Vic 3050, Australia. Osaka Univ, Microbial Dis Res Inst, Osaka, Japan. RP Ockenhouse, CF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM LTC_Chris_Ockenhouse@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil RI HILL, Adrian/C-1306-2008; Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; NR 27 TC 167 Z9 176 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 177 IS 6 BP 1664 EP 1673 DI 10.1086/515331 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZP618 UT WOS:000073771500030 PM 9607847 ER PT J AU Mayers, D Bethel, J Wainberg, MA Weislow, O Schnittman, S AF Mayers, D Bethel, J Wainberg, MA Weislow, O Schnittman, S CA Div AIDS Treat Res Init 003 Study Gr TI Human immunodeficiency virus proviral DNA from peripheral blood and lymph nodes demonstrates concordant resistance mutations to zidovudine (codon 215) and didanosine (codon 74) SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; COMBINATION THERAPY; DRUG-RESISTANCE; DISEASE; STAGE AB Genotypes that confer drug resistance were evaluated in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proviral DNA obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and lymphoid tissue at baseline and after 8 weeks of therapy with zidovudine alone or in combination with didanosine from 22 patients (8 zidovudine-naive and 14 zidovudine-experienced). There was evidence of zidovudine resistance at codon 215 in 27.3% (6/22) of patients. All 20 patients evaluable for codon 74 (site of didanosine resistance) had virus that remained wild type during the 8-week study period, When HIV proviral DNA from PBMC was compared, with that from lymphoid tissue, 94.7% (18/19) of evaluable samples were concordant at codon 215 at baseline, while 85.7% (12/14) were concordant at week 8, Resistance in PBMC (but not in lymphoid tissue) developed in 1 of 8 zidovudine-naive patients; an increased proportion of resistant strains in PBMC (but not in lymphoid tissue) was observed in 2 of 14 zidovudine-experienced patients. These results suggest high concordance for drug resistance mutations in HIV proviral DNA from blood and lymph node tissue. C1 USN, Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. NIAID, Div Aids, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. WESTAT Inc, Rockville, MD USA. SRA Technol, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Sir Mortimer B Davis Jewish Hosp, Montreal, PQ H3T 1E2, Canada. RP Mayers, D (reprint author), 8901 Wisconsin Ave,POB 207, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-15123] NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 177 IS 6 BP 1730 EP 1733 DI 10.1086/517433 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZP618 UT WOS:000073771500042 PM 9607859 ER PT J AU Sliney, DH AF Sliney, DH TI Risk assessment of optically aided viewing SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Laser Safety Conference CY MAR 17-20, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA DE lasers; telescopes; microscopes; eye safety ID RADIATION AB The definition and measurement of Class 1 and Class 3A accessible emission limits relates very much to one simple question: "How much energy will be collected by magnifying optics?" To simulate the increased risk of optically aided viewing by telescopes and binoculars, a 50 mm aperture (at one time 80 mm) has been used in ANSI, CDRH, and IEC standards. The current measurement criterion found in IEC 60825-1 was a compromise, and makes use of a 50 mm aperture at a distance of 100 mm to define a geometrical collection efficiency to simulate not only that of telescopes and binoculars, but also that of highly diverging laser and Light emitting diode emission patterns as well. It was later recognized that this was a rather arbitrary mathematical construct designed to mimic both a high-power eye loupe at a very close distance (14 mm) and a 7x50 binocular at a much greater viewing distance. This approach is not followed in the U.S. standards, and the two types of sources are treated differently. While the LEC approach appears at a first glance to have the advantage of simplicity and requires little laboratory space for measurements, it fails to accurately describe the real hazard for both conditions of optically aided viewing. Hand-held magnifiers and eye loupes increase the retinal or corneal hazard by effectively collimating the divergent beam and directing more energy into the true limiting aperture: the eye's pupil (simulated by the 7 mm aperture for dark-adapted viewing). By contrast, telescopes and binoculars which can produce a sharp image only at distances beyond at least 2 m, collect more radiant energy. A better simulation of risk is afforded by a 50 mm aperture at 2 m and a 7 mm aperture at about 10 cm. (C) 1998 Laser Institute of America. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Pormot & Prevent Med, Laser Opt Radiat Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sliney, DH (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Pormot & Prevent Med, Laser Opt Radiat Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 10 IS 3 BP 93 EP 98 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA ZR816 UT WOS:000074017200002 ER PT J AU Zuclich, JA Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Stuck, BE Cheney, FE AF Zuclich, JA Zwick, H Schuschereba, ST Stuck, BE Cheney, FE TI Ophthalmoscopic and pathologic description of ocular damage induced by infrared laser radiation SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Laser Safety Conference CY MAR 17-20, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA DE lasers; ocular damage; eye safety AB This study compares ocular damage effects induced by infrared (IR) lasers in the "eye-safe" wavelength range to those observed following visible wavlength laser exposures. In addition to routine fundus camera and slit-lamp observations, exposed subjects were examined via confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Histopathologic evaluation was conducted on eyes with both visible and IR laser induced focal lesions. IR laser exposure parameters which resulted in corneal, lenticular and/or retinal damage will be detailed. Unique aspects of the IR laser-tissue interaction will be discussed, including concurrent lesion formation in several tissues and secondary responses such as delayed inflammatory reactions. This latter effect may involve tissue not directly irradiated during the laser insult. Finally, implications for laser safety standards will be suggested. (C) 1998 Laser Institute of America. C1 TASC, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USAF, Opt Radiat Div, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Zuclich, JA (reprint author), TASC, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 10 IS 3 BP 114 EP 120 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA ZR816 UT WOS:000074017200006 ER PT J AU Lund, DJ Edsall, PR Fuller, DR Hoxie, SW AF Lund, DJ Edsall, PR Fuller, DR Hoxie, SW TI Bioeffects of near-infrared lasers SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Laser Safety Conference CY MAR 17-20, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA DE lasers; bioeffects NIR; retinal damage; eye safety ID HUMAN OCULAR FUNDUS AB Retinal damage thresholds (ED(50)s) were determined in Rhesus monkey eyes for 100 ms exposures to collimated radiation from a tunable Ti:sapphire laser at several wavelengths from 690 to 900 nm. Prior research using 15 ns duration laser pulses showed a strong variability of ED50 with wavelength for retinal exposure in Rhesus monkeys to laser radiation in the near-infrared spectrum. Current studies with the Ti:sapphire laser show similar variability of ED50 With wavelength for 100 ms retinal exposures. Previously measured light transmission and absorption properties of ocular tissues do not provide a complete or obvious explanation for the significant variations of threshold with small changes in wavelength Similar wavelength dependencies of ED50 for the two exposure durations in the wavelength range of 750-830 nm suggest that linear absorption is a cause of the variability. However, differences in the ED50 curves at other wavelengths show that nonlinear mechanisms also contribute. (C) 1998 Laser Institute of America. C1 USA, Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA. RP Lund, DJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 10 IS 3 BP 140 EP 143 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA ZR816 UT WOS:000074017200011 ER PT J AU Zwick, H Ness, JW Molchany, JM Stuck, BE Loveday, J AF Zwick, H Ness, JW Molchany, JM Stuck, BE Loveday, J TI Neural motor ocular strategies associated with the development of a pseudofovea following laser induced macular damage and artificial macular occlusion. Is the fovea replaceable? SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Laser Safety Conference CY MAR 17-20, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA DE lasers; laser induced macular damage; eye safety AB Loss of visual acuity following acute photic injury and subsequent recovery is well known. The mechanisms that underlie foveal neural plasticity were assessed in this study. In two patients that recovered to 20/15 Snellen visual acuity following accidental induced foveal damage, contrast sensitivity measurements made under ophthalmoscopic visualization of the retina revealed a preferred retinal location that was superior and temporal to the damaged fovea. This area was used especially for smaller contrast sensitivity targets requiring foveal resolution. Similar preferred retinal location sites were obtained in similar investigations using a Purkinje Eye-Tracker to simulate a small central scotoma. Measures of ocular accommodation obtained in these experiments suggest that a central scotoma may induce an accommodative shift as the oculomotor system shifts to a new PRL for smaller targets that require foveal resolution. (C) 1998 Laser Institute of America. C1 USA, Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA. RP Zwick, H (reprint author), USA, Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 7914 A Dr, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA. NR 6 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 10 IS 3 BP 144 EP 147 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA ZR816 UT WOS:000074017200012 ER PT J AU Greenspan, BS Brown, ML Dillehay, GL McBiles, M Sandler, MP Seabold, JE Sisson, JC AF Greenspan, BS Brown, ML Dillehay, GL McBiles, M Sandler, MP Seabold, JE Sisson, JC TI Procedure guideline for parathyroid scintigraphy SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE parathyroid scintigraphy; procedure guideline; hyperparathyroidism; parathyroid neoplasms C1 Harry S Truman Vet Adm Med Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78265 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37240 USA. Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Greenspan, BS (reprint author), Care Of Smith WJM, Soc Nucl Med, 1850 Samuel Morse Dr, Reston, VA 22095 USA. NR 0 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 39 IS 6 BP 1111 EP 1114 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZR993 UT WOS:000074036900042 PM 9627355 ER PT J AU Kroenke, K Koslowe, P Roy, M AF Kroenke, K Koslowe, P Roy, M TI Symptoms in 18,495 Persian Gulf War veterans - Latency of onset and lack of association with self-reported exposures SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-DISORDERS; DESERT-STORM; PRIMARY-CARE; US VETERANS; SOMATIZATION; PREVALENCE; DEPRESSION; MORTALITY; THERAPY; TRAUMA AB Toxic or environmental exposures have been suggested as a possible cause of symptoms reported by Gulf War veterans. To further explore this hypothesis, we analyzed findings in 18,495 military personnel evaluated in the Department of Defense Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation Program. The program was established in 1994 to evaluate Persian Gulf veterans eligible for Department of Defense medical care who had health concerns after service in the Persian Gulf during Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm. The evaluation included a structured clinical assessment, a physician-administered symptom checklist, and a patient questionnaire addressing self-reported exposures, combat experiences, and work loss. Among 18,495 patients examined, the most common symptoms were joint pain, fatigue, headache, memory or concentration difficulties, sleep disturbances, and rash. Symptom onset was often delayed, with two-thirds of symptoms not developing until after individuals returned from the Gulf War and 40% of symptoms having a latency period exceeding one year. There was no association between individual symptoms and patient demographics, specific self-reported exposures, or types of combat experience. Increased symptom counts were associated with work loss, the number of self-reported exposures, the number of types of combat experience, and certain ICD-9 diagnostic categories, particularly psychological disorders. Prolonged latency of symptom onset and the lack of association with any self-reported exposures makes illness related to toxic exposure less likely. C1 Regenstrief Inst Hlth Care, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. Off Assistant Secretary Def Hlth Affairs, Comprehens Clin Evaluat Program, Falls Church, VA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kroenke, K (reprint author), Regenstrief Inst Hlth Care, 1001 W 10th St, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. NR 39 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 40 IS 6 BP 520 EP 528 DI 10.1097/00043764-199806000-00004 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ZU856 UT WOS:000074242500004 PM 9636932 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Hamir, AN Sonn, RJ Topper, MJ AF Dubey, JP Hamir, AN Sonn, RJ Topper, MJ TI Cryptosporidiosis in a bat (Eptesicus fuscus) SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Cryptosporidial infection was diagnosed histologically in the small intestine of a big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus) from Oregon. This is the first report of cryptosporidiosis in a bat. C1 ARS, USDA, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Oregon State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 2 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 84 IS 3 BP 622 EP 623 DI 10.2307/3284736 PG 2 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA ZU148 UT WOS:000074167100031 PM 9645870 ER PT J AU Older, SA Battafarano, DF Danning, CL Ward, JA Grady, EP Derman, S Russell, IJ AF Older, SA Battafarano, DF Danning, CL Ward, JA Grady, EP Derman, S Russell, IJ TI The effects of delta wave sleep interruption on pain thresholds and fibromyalgia-like symptoms in healthy subjects; Correlations with insulin-like growth factor I SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; delta wave sleep; pain threshold; fibromyalgia ID NON-REM SLEEP; FIBROSITIS SYNDROME; SOMATOMEDIN-C; GENERAL-POPULATION; TENDER POINTS; HORMONE; INDUCTION; EXERCISE; SERUM AB Objective. To assess the effects of delta wave sleep interruption (DWSI) on pain thresholds and fibromyalgia-like symptoms. To examine the potential correlations between DWSI and serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Methods. Thirteen healthy volunteers were subjected to 3 consecutive nights of DWSI (Group 1). Pain thresholds were measured by dolorimetry and symptoms by visual analog scale. Six subjects not undergoing DWSI served as dolorimetry and symptom controls (Group 2). Serum IGF-1 was measured by competitive binding radioimmunoassay before and after DWSI, Results. No significant differences in pain thresholds as a function of condition (baseline, DWSI, recovery) or overnight change were detected between or within groups (p>0.05). Morning mean dolorimeter scores were lower than evening scores in both groups during all 3 conditions, and were lower in Group 1 than in Group 2 during DWSI. Group 1 subjects had higher composite symptom scores during DWSI (p less than or equal to 0.005), attributed largely to increases in fatigue. Serum levels of IGF-1 from Group 1 subjects showed no significant change after DWSI (p>0.05). Conclusion, In our study subjects, 3 nights of DWSI caused no significant lowering of pain thresholds compared with a control group. Subjects appeared to have lower pain thresholds in the mornings, and DWSI appeared to augment this effect. Symptoms were more apparent during DWSI, but were primarily related to fatigue. IGF-1 was not altered by 3 nights of DWSI. The low levels of IGF-1 seen in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome may result from chronic rather than acute DWSI, or may be dependent on factors other than disturbances of delta wave sleep. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Rheumatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Sleep Disorders Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Rheumatol Sect, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Older, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Rheumatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 59 TC 87 Z9 88 U1 1 U2 5 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1180 EP 1186 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA ZQ554 UT WOS:000073879700025 PM 9632083 ER PT J AU Hendrix, WH Rueb, JD Steel, RP AF Hendrix, WH Rueb, JD Steel, RP TI Sexual harassment and gender differences SO JOURNAL OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PERSONALITY LA English DT Article ID PERCEPTION; ATTRIBUTIONS; DIMENSIONS; WORKPLACE; BEHAVIOR; 1990S AB This research investigated perceptions of sexual harassment as a function of work status (undergraduate students or full-time employees), gender of the initiator, gender of the respondent, age, position power, success status, and attractiveness of the initiator. Participants were 568 individuals classified as full-time undergraduate university students (n = 216) or full-time employees (n = 352). Of these, approximately 60% were males and 40% females. For students, the average age was 21.5 years and for workers 37.7 years. Results indicated that behaviors were perceived as more sexually harassing if the individual was a male, older, had higher position power, was low In success status, and unattractive. Males perceived females as significantly less harassing than other males for the same behaviors. Females perceived both males and females as equally harassing for the same behaviors. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Management, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. USAF, Inst Technol, Washington, DC 20330 USA. RP Hendrix, WH (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Management, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM hendrix@pcisys.net NR 31 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU SELECT PRESS PI CORTE MADERA PA PO BOX 37, CORTE MADERA, CA 94976 USA SN 0886-1641 J9 J SOC BEHAV PERS JI J. Soc. Behav. Pers. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 2 BP 235 EP 252 PG 18 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 106VU UT WOS:000075171800003 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Benson, PM Beard, JS Skelton, HG AF Kim, JH Benson, PM Beard, JS Skelton, HG TI Male breast carcinoma with extensive metastases to the skin SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CANCER PATIENTS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dermatol Branch, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 38 IS 6 BP 995 EP 996 PN 1 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZT649 UT WOS:000074109000021 PM 9632013 ER PT J AU Rueda, LM Rutledge, LC Gupta, RK AF Rueda, LM Rutledge, LC Gupta, RK TI Effect of skin abrasions on the efficacy of the repellent deft against Aedes aegypti SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Diptera; Culicidae; mosquito; vector; human protection; friction machine ID LABORATORY EVALUATION; FORMULATIONS AB Abrasion of repellent-treated human skin affected the efficacy of a sustained-release insect repellent containing N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) against bites of Aedes aegypti. Skin treated with repellent when abraded up to 30 times showed significantly lower protection than unabraded skin against mosquito bites for 10 h. The mean value of the kinetic coefficient of friction during skin abrasion by clothing (battle dress uniform fabric) for repellent-treated skin (0.159 +/- 0.003) was significantly higher than untreated skin (0.122 +/- 0.005). Repellent-treated skin appeared stickier than the untreated skin. An increase in the number of skin abrasions by clothing resulted in a reduced duration of protection against mosquito bites. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Entomol, Div Commun Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gupta, RK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Entomol, Div Commun Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSN INC PI LAKE CHARLES PA 707-A EAST PRIEN LAKE ROAD, PO BOX 5416, LAKE CHARLES, LA 70606-5416 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 14 IS 2 BP 178 EP 182 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 100RA UT WOS:000074828100009 PM 9673919 ER PT J AU Mann, RW AF Mann, RW TI Vietnamese military shoes then and now SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PODIATRIC MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 US Army, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. RP Mann, RW (reprint author), US Army, Cent Identificat Lab, 310 Worchester Ave, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PODIATRIC MED ASSN PI BETHESDA PA 9312 OLD GEORGETOWN ROAD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-1621 USA SN 0003-0538 J9 J AM PODIAT MED ASSN JI J. Am. Podiatr. Med. Assoc. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 88 IS 6 BP 308 EP 308 PG 1 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA ZU957 UT WOS:000074253500009 PM 9642914 ER PT J AU Cronce, DT Famini, GR De Soto, JA Wilson, LY AF Cronce, DT Famini, GR De Soto, JA Wilson, LY TI Using theoretical descriptors in quantitative structure-property relationships: some distribution equilibria SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-PERKIN TRANSACTIONS 2 LA English DT Article ID PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; HEXADECANE; GAS AB The partition coefficients [equilibrium constants, K, for X(g) <-> X(solvent, substrate)] for a large (326) set of compounds in hexadecane, olive oil and polymers as solvents correlate well with a set of theoretical (computational) molecular parameters using a theoretical linear solvation energy relationship (TLSER). The correlation equations are physically reasonable and may be used as probes for solute-solvent interactions. Results from the regression analyses are presented and discussed, describing how specific characteristics of the solutes and solvents may be responsible for the significant molecular parameters of the TLSER correlations. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. La Sierra Univ, Dept Chem, Riverside, CA 92515 USA. RP Cronce, DT (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. NR 24 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0300-9580 J9 J CHEM SOC PERK T 2 JI J. Chem. Soc.-Perkin Trans. 2 PD JUN PY 1998 IS 6 BP 1293 EP 1301 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Organic; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ZV136 UT WOS:000074273000004 ER PT J AU Prather, DW Mait, JN Mirotznik, MS Collins, JP AF Prather, DW Mait, JN Mirotznik, MS Collins, JP TI Vector-based synthesis of finite aperiodic subwavelength diffractive optical elements SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID BINARY; GRATINGS; DESIGN; DOMAIN AB We present an optimization-based synthesis algorithm for the design of diffractive optical elements (DOE's) that are finite in extent, have subwavelength features, and are aperiodic. The subwavelength nature of the DOE's precludes the use of scalar diffraction theory, and their finite extent and aperiodic nature prevents the use of coupled-wave analysis. To overcome these limitations, we apply the boundary element method (BEM) as the propagation model in the synthesis algorithm. However, the computational costs associated with the conventional implementation of the BEM prevent the design of realistic DOE's in reasonable time frames. Consequently, an alternative formulation of the BEM that exploits DOE symmetry is developed and implemented on a parallel computer. Designs of finite extent, subwavelength, and aperiodic DOE's, such as a lens and a focusing beam splitter, are presented. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Prather, DW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 19 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 15 IS 6 BP 1599 EP 1607 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.15.001599 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZP471 UT WOS:000073756800012 ER PT J AU Sladicka, SJ Duffin, SR Erpelding, JM AF Sladicka, SJ Duffin, SR Erpelding, JM TI A biomechanical strength comparison of external fixators SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID FIXATION AB Background: The purpose of this study was to biomechanically test the current commercially available uniplanar, half-pin external fixators, comparing stiffness, weight, and cost. Methods: The Hammer, HexFix, Hoffmann, Monotube Blue, Monotube Red, Torus, TraumaFix, and Ultra-X were tested using previously published methods. The Instron 4500 was used to assess the strength characteristics in axial, torsional, anteroposterior, and lateral bending of each device, Weight was based on the unassembled fixator construct. Cost was determined from the purchase price of each individual fixator, Results: The results of this study revealed that the Torus was the stiffest external fixator tested in torsion. The Monotube Red was the stiffest in axial loading, anteroposterior bending, and lateral bending. The Hammer and Hoffmann external fixators were the heaviest constructs. The Torus and HexFix were the most expensive, Conclusion: Many factors, including stiffness, weight, cost, ease of application, fracture characteristics, and personal preference, go into deciding which external fixator to use. The data presented compare stiffness characteristics of several fixators under standardized loading conditions. These data indicate that the Torus and Monotube Red provide the greatest stiffness when comparing all modes of failure. C1 Dwight David Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Sladicka, SJ (reprint author), Dwight David Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 1998 VL 44 IS 6 BP 965 EP 969 DI 10.1097/00005373-199806000-00006 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA ZU123 UT WOS:000074164600005 PM 9637150 ER PT J AU McLeod, DG AF McLeod, DG TI Hormonal treatment before radical prostatectomy: A 3-year followup - Comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP McLeod, DG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 159 IS 6 BP 2016 EP 2017 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZM868 UT WOS:000073584400073 ER PT J AU Gibbons, M O'Donnell, S Lukens, M Meglin, A Costabile, RA AF Gibbons, M O'Donnell, S Lukens, M Meglin, A Costabile, RA TI Treatment of a ureteroiliac artery fistula with an intraluminal endovascular graft SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE fistula; ureter; iliac artery ID THERAPY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Costabile, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, 4-F,6825 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 159 IS 6 BP 2083 EP 2084 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63260-9 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZM868 UT WOS:000073584400102 PM 9598529 ER PT J AU Zhang, LQ He, T Talal, A Wang, G Frankel, SS Ho, DD AF Zhang, LQ He, T Talal, A Wang, G Frankel, SS Ho, DD TI In vivo distribution of the human immunodeficiency virus simian immunodeficiency virus coreceptors: CXCR4, CCR3, and CCR5 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SCID-HU MOUSE; RHESUS MACAQUES; LYMPHOID-TISSUE; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; PRIMARY INFECTION; EOTAXIN RECEPTOR; HUMAN THYMUS; HIV-1 ENTRY; T-CELLS; TYPE-1 AB We have evaluated the in vivo distribution of the major human immunodeficiency virus/simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV/SIV) coreceptors, CXCR4, CCR3, and CCR5, in both rhesus macaques and humans, T lymphocytes and macrophages in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues are the major cell populations expressing HIV/SIV coreceptors, reaffirming that these cells are the major targets of HIV/SIV infection in vivo. In lymphoid tissues such as the lymph node and the thymus, approximately 1 to 10% of the T lymphocytes and macrophages are coreceptor positive. However, coreceptor expression was not detected on follicular dendritic cells (FDC) in lymph nodes, suggesting that the ability of FDC to trap extracellular virions is unlikely to be mediated by a coreceptor-specific mechanism. In the thymus, a large number of immature and mature T lymphocytes express CXCR4, which may render these cells susceptible to infection by syncytium-inducing viral variants that use this coreceptor for entry. In addition, various degrees of coreceptor expression are found among different tissues and also among different cells within the same tissues. Coreceptor-positive cells are more frequently identified in the colon than in the rectum and more frequently identified in the cenix than in the vagina, suggesting that the expression levels of coreceptors are differentially regulated at different anatomic sites. Furthermore, extremely high levels of CXCR4 and CCR3 expression are found on the neurons from both the central and peripheral nervous systems. These findings may be helpful in understanding certain aspects of HIV and SIV pathogenesis and transmission. C1 Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Infect & Parasit Dis Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Ho, DD (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, 455 1st Ave,7th Floor, New York, NY 10016 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI35168, AI40387, AI45218] NR 60 TC 144 Z9 146 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 72 IS 6 BP 5035 EP 5045 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA ZM029 UT WOS:000073497600057 PM 9573273 ER PT J AU Bogusky, RL AF Bogusky, RL TI The impact of Korean unification on Northeast Asia: American security challenges and opportunities SO KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEFENSE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Bogusky, RL (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU KOREAN INST DEFENSE ANALYSES PI SEOUL PA OFFICE RESEARCH COOPERATION, PO BOX 250,, SEOUL 130-650, SOUTH KOREA SN 1016-3271 J9 KOREAN J DEF ANAL JI Korean J. Def. Anal. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 10 IS 1 BP 49 EP + PG 27 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA V2656 UT WOS:000165537700003 ER PT J AU Derkay, CS Malis, DJ Zalzal, G Wiatrak, BJ Kashima, HK Coltrera, MD AF Derkay, CS Malis, DJ Zalzal, G Wiatrak, BJ Kashima, HK Coltrera, MD TI A staging system for assessing severity of disease and response to therapy in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Southern Section of the American-Laryngological-Rhinological-and-Otological-Society CY JAN 15-17, 1998 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Laryngol Rhinol & Otol Soc, So Sect C1 Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Norfolk, VA 23507 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Otolaryngol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Surg Pediat Otolaryngol, Birmingham, AL USA. Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Washington, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Derkay, CS (reprint author), Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 825 Fairfax Ave,Suite 510, Norfolk, VA 23507 USA. NR 5 TC 91 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD JUN PY 1998 VL 108 IS 6 BP 935 EP 937 DI 10.1097/00005537-199806000-00026 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA ZR795 UT WOS:000074014500026 PM 9628513 ER PT J AU Casler, JD Brietzke, SE AF Casler, JD Brietzke, SE TI Repair of a high-output chylous fistula with a free fat graft SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article ID NECK DISSECTION; MANAGEMENT C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Casler, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Brietzke, Scott/0000-0002-2844-6026 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD JUN PY 1998 VL 108 IS 6 BP 938 EP 940 DI 10.1097/00005537-199806000-00027 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA ZR795 UT WOS:000074014500027 PM 9628514 ER PT J AU Malis, DJ Seid, AB AF Malis, DJ Seid, AB TI Fold-down thyroplasty: A new approach for congenital lateral saccular cysts SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Pediatric-Otolaryngology CY MAY 14-16, 1997 CL SCOTTSDALE, ARIZONA SP Amer Soc Pediat Otolaryngol ID MANAGEMENT C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Childrens Hosp & Hlth Ctr, Div Pediat Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA USA. RP Malis, DJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD JUN PY 1998 VL 108 IS 6 BP 941 EP 943 DI 10.1097/00005537-199806000-00028 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA ZR795 UT WOS:000074014500028 PM 9628515 ER PT J AU McGehee, DD Pollock, CE AF McGehee, DD Pollock, CE TI Comparison of time domain and extremal statistics from adjacent wave gages SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Wave measurements were obtained at two near-shore sites off the Oregon coast and statistically compared to evaluate extrapolation of long term records to a site of shorter records experiencing a regionally similar wave climate. The first site produced a relatively short record of one year, the second site approximately 50 nm down coast and in deeper water, produced a longer twelve-year record. A correlation was developed between available concurrent measured wave heights and periods from the two sites. Ninety-Jive percent confidence limits in the resulting predictor equation are within the uncertainty of individual measurements. Exceedence probabilities are calculated for the data from the gages and for data from a non-concurrent twenty-year hindcast. Extremal statistics from the longer, twelve-year measured wave record, provides better representation of the short-term measurements than did statistics from the hindcast. Variation of the results with depth is tested with statistics from a third nearby gage in shallower water. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP McGehee, DD (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 32 IS 2 BP 47 EP 55 PG 9 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 122LK UT WOS:000076072900006 ER PT J AU Barkai, SM Rand, O Peyran, RJ Carlson, RM AF Barkai, SM Rand, O Peyran, RJ Carlson, RM TI Modeling and analysis of tilt-rotor aeromechanical phenomena SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 American-Helicopter-Society 2nd International Aeromechanics Specialists Conference CY OCT 11-13, 1995 CL BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT SP Amer Helicopter Soc DE whirl-flutter; stability; aeromechanics; tilt-rotor; wing-rotor coupling AB The paper presents a recent effort to explore tilt-rotor aeromechanical phenomena with an emphasize on aeroelastic stability in forward flight (airplane mode). A general tilt-rotor model has been developed and implemented using a numerical technique that preserves symbolic exactness of the equations of motion. The stability study is based on an eigenvalue analysis about a nonlinear periodic trim solution. The present method enables both high resolution periodic response, and clear tracing of the instability drivers by providing the exact partial derivatives of the involved degrees of freedom in each one of the associated equations of motion. In addition to the common way of identifying trends and sensitivities by parametric study, the present approach supplies information about the effectiveness of possible mechanisms that are not included in the baseline model. The present results demonstrate the ability of the method to provide such unique insight into the aeromechanical phenomena in forward flight. illustrative indications regarding required tilt-rotor design features that will postpone the instability phenomena are discussed. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Fac Aerosp Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Adv Design Team, Aeroflightdynam Directorate,Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Barkai, SM (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Fac Aerosp Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 27 IS 12 BP 17 EP 43 DI 10.1016/S0895-7177(98)00071-5 PG 27 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA ZT630 UT WOS:000074107100002 ER PT J AU Hospenthal, DR Kwon-Chung, KJ Bennett, JE AF Hospenthal, DR Kwon-Chung, KJ Bennett, JE TI Concentrations of airborne Aspergillus compared to the incidence of invasive aspergillosis: lack of correlation SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XIIIth Congress of the International-Society-of-Human-and-Animal-Mycology CY JUN, 1997 CL SALSOMAGGIORE TERME, ITALY SP Int Soc Human & Anim Mycol DE Aspergillus; aspergillosis; epidemiology; nosocomial AB Air sampling of the rooms and corridors of the oncology wards of the hospital was carried out over a 54-week period to assess the concentration of viable Aspergillus conidia. A. fumigatus and A. flavus were recovered at a mean of 1.83 cfu m(-3) air sampled. Individual samplings yielded concentrations of up to 11.6 cfu m(-3). Other Aspergillus spp. were recovered at a mean of 2.38 cfu m(-3) (maximum 32.6 cfu m(-3)). Concentration was not correlated with season or hospital ward. Review of autopsy results showed an average of 6.6 cases of aspergillosis annually over a 22-year period. No seasonal variation in case incidence was found. Six cases of invasive aspergillosis were diagnosed on the three cancer wards during the air-sampling period, but no association was seen linking these cases with changes in recovery of airborne Aspergillus. A seasonal pattern was not observed in the overall incidence of aspergillosis cases nor concentrations of airborne conidia. C1 NIAID, Clin Mycol Sect, LCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), NIAID, Clin Mycol Sect, LCI, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 11C304,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1882, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM dhospenthal@atlas.niaid.nih.gov NR 23 TC 93 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 36 IS 3 BP 165 EP 168 DI 10.1046/j.1365-280X.1998.00147.x PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 105XL UT WOS:000075100600005 PM 9776829 ER PT J AU Cooke, JS AF Cooke, JS TI The twenty-sixth annual Kenneth J. Hodson lecture: Manual for courts-martial 20X SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th Annual Kenneth J Hodson Lecture on Manual for Courts-Martial 20X, at the 46th Graduate Course, Judge Advocate Generals School CY MAR 10, 1998 CL CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA ID MILITARY C1 USA, Legal Serv Agcy, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Court Criminal Appeals, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Cooke, JS (reprint author), USA, Legal Serv Agcy, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 156 BP 1 EP 29 PG 29 WC Law SC Government & Law GA ZW222 UT WOS:000074387900001 ER PT J AU Doty, GR AF Doty, GR TI The United States and the development of the laws of land warfare SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Social Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Doty, GR (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Social Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 156 BP 224 EP 255 PG 32 WC Law SC Government & Law GA ZW222 UT WOS:000074387900005 ER PT J AU Friend, J AF Friend, J TI Churchill on leadership: Executive success in the face of adversity SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RP Friend, J (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 156 BP 264 EP 271 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA ZW222 UT WOS:000074387900007 ER PT J AU Martin, EJ AF Martin, EJ TI Guilty: The collapse of criminal justice SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RP Martin, EJ (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 156 BP 278 EP 282 PG 5 WC Law SC Government & Law GA ZW222 UT WOS:000074387900009 ER PT J AU Deagle, EA Berigan, TR Powell, JA Hagar, MJ AF Deagle, EA Berigan, TR Powell, JA Hagar, MJ TI Utilization of combat stress control detachments SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 USA, NCOIC, Airborne Div 82D, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Deagle, EA (reprint author), USA, NCOIC, Airborne Div 82D, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 163 IS 6 BP III EP IV PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU485 UT WOS:000074202800003 PM 9640026 ER PT J AU Hughes, DA Hohner, JA Jones, J AF Hughes, DA Hohner, JA Jones, J TI Mental health nursing support during Operation Sea Signal: Cuban/Haitian humanitarian mission SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Joint military humanitarian missions provide challenges and rewards for mental health nursing not found in the garrison mission. A primary challenge is to develop and implement programs that benefit the various populations inherent in such missions. During Operation Sea Signal, several programs, such as migrant adult day treatment, halfway house, outreach, and inpatient, led to the overall enhancement of mental health nursing care for the Cuban and Haitian migrants. It also gave the participating mental health nursing team of professionals and enlisted technicians the opportunity to develop their nursing expertise and sensitivity in a culturally diverse situation. C1 San Francisco Gen Hosp, Mental Hlth Rehabil Facil, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Univ S Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Hughes, DA (reprint author), San Francisco Gen Hosp, Mental Hlth Rehabil Facil, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 163 IS 6 BP 353 EP 357 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU485 UT WOS:000074202800005 PM 9640028 ER PT J AU Stretch, RH Knudson, KH Durand, D AF Stretch, RH Knudson, KH Durand, D TI Psychological health and trauma in male and female soldiers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; VETERANS AB This study assessed the effect of premilitary and military trauma on the psychological health of more than 1,000 female and male active duty soldiers. Questionnaire data provided information on demographics, history of trauma exposure, and general psychological health as assessed by the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). The results indicated that females reported experiencing more sexual traumas and males reported more nonsexual traumas, BSI subscale scores indicated poorer psychological health among all of the subjects compared with BSI normative groups and other Army soldiers. The need for military norms for the BSI is discussed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Stretch, RH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 163 IS 6 BP 363 EP 367 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU485 UT WOS:000074202800007 PM 9640030 ER PT J AU McKee, KT Burns, WE Russell, LK Jenkins, PR Johnson, AE Wong, TL McLawhorn, KB AF McKee, KT Burns, WE Russell, LK Jenkins, PR Johnson, AE Wong, TL McLawhorn, KB TI Early syphilis in an active duty military population and the surrounding civilian community, 1985-1993 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Meeting of the International-Society-for-STD-Research CY AUG 27-30, 1995 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Int Soc STD Res ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION; GONORRHEA; CORE; PROSTITUTION; PERSISTENCE; RELEVANCE; SOUTH AB Syphilis among active duty soldiers at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, and the nonmilitary population of Cumberland County was examined during a 9-year period encompassing the most recent nationwide syphilis epidemic. A total of 762 cases of primary and secondary syphilis were recorded between 1985 and 1993, 27% of which occurred in soldiers. The epidemic struck both military and civilian populations simultaneously; epidemic curves in the two populations were parallel, peaking in 1990-1991, with highest annual incidences of 122.6/ 100,000 (military) and 48.0/100,000 (civilian), Individual risk factor data were not available for analysis, but a relationship was observed between primary and secondary syphilis diagnoses in both populations and cocaine arrests in Cumberland County. Our findings provide epidemiological support for a high degree of interplay between the military and the surrounding civilian communities that has significant implications for control of sexually transmitted diseases. Enhanced collaboration between military and civilian public health authorities is essential to the control of syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases. C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Prevent Med Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. Mil Med Consortium Appl Retroviral Res, Rockville, MD USA. N Carolina Dept Environm Hlth & Nat Resources, Raleigh, NC USA. RP McKee, KT (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Prevent Med Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 163 IS 6 BP 368 EP 376 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU485 UT WOS:000074202800008 PM 9640031 ER PT J AU Wineman, JA Mangelsdorff, AD Finstuen, K AF Wineman, JA Mangelsdorff, AD Finstuen, K TI Senior executive behaviors for the Army dental care system of the 21st century SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Challenges will most likely confront the Army Dental Care System as it moves into the next century, Like any other learning organization, the Army dental care system must develop a continuous stream of dynamic leaders to direct its evolution if it wants to survive. Using the Delphi method, the investigators surveyed senior dental leaders to determine the attitudes and behaviors believed to be required to perform successfully as commanders, residency directors, and senior staff officers. The essential executive behaviors appear to be consistent: be honest, act with integrity, be accountable for your actions, be dedicated to mission accomplishment, and perform your duty with care and compassion. Relying solely on ratings assigned to the behaviors, discriminant function analyses could predict proper group membership with an accuracy of 79.4%, When demographic information was included, prediction accuracy improved to 96.7%. C1 USA, Baylor Univ Grad Program Healthcare Adm, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Wineman, JA (reprint author), USA, Dent Act, Ft Polk, LA 71459 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 163 IS 6 BP 377 EP 380 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU485 UT WOS:000074202800009 PM 9640032 ER PT J AU Hondrum, SO AF Hondrum, SO TI Temporary dental restorative materials for military field use SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GLASS-IONOMER CEMENTS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; FLUORIDE RELEASE; LINER BASE; INVITRO; ADHESION AB New temporary dental restorative materials are an important military requirement. This study compares the critical properties of the currently used temporary material, reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE), with those of a glass ionomer restorative material (GI), a high-viscosity modified glass ionomer material (MGI), and two resin-modified glass ionomer materials (RM-GIs). Properties tested included compressive and tensile strength, rigidity, hardness, bond strength, working and setting times, and storage stability. Ranked results for compressive strength, rigidity, and hardness were MGI > GI > RMGI > ZOE; for tensile strength they were RMGI > MGI > GI > ZOE; and for storage stability they mere ZOE > MGI > GI > RMGI. Working and setting times were all within reasonable clinical limits, and bond strength was heavily dependent on tooth surface preparation. Although none of the materials tested met all of the ideal requirements, the high-viscosity glass ionomer material offers the most promise for military field use. C1 USA, Area Dent Lab, Dent Mat Lab COL Hondrum, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Hondrum, SO (reprint author), USA, Area Dent Lab, Dent Mat Lab COL Hondrum, Bldg 322 MCDS-RG, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 163 IS 6 BP 381 EP 385 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU485 UT WOS:000074202800010 PM 9640033 ER PT J AU Chisick, MC Poindexter, FR York, AK AF Chisick, MC Poindexter, FR York, AK TI Dental sealants: Prevalence and need in US military recruits SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Public-Health-Dentistry, 60th CY OCT 15-17, 1997 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Assoc Publ Hlth Dent ID POPULATION; CARIES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GUIDELINES; IMPACT; COST; PIT AB This paper explores the need for and the prevalence of dental sealants in U.S. military recruits. The data come from the 1994 Tri-Service Comprehensive Oral Health Survey. Data were collected on 2,711 Army, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Navy recruits at one recruit in-processing center per service. Women and minorities were oversampled, Both bivariate and logistic regression analysis were done on the need for at least one dental sealant and the prevalence of at least one dental sealant in recruits. Weighted data (101,072) were used for the bivariate analyses; unweighted data were used in the regressions. Results show that 8.7% of recruits need dental sealants and that 14.8% have dental sealants. Need for dental sealants varies across branch of service only, whereas prevalence of dental sealants varies across age, race, and branch of service. The cost-effectiveness of dental sealants in this population should be established. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Bollinf AFB, Washington, DC USA. Naval Dent Res Detachment, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Chisick, MC (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 163 IS 6 BP 386 EP 388 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU485 UT WOS:000074202800011 PM 9640034 ER PT J AU Tam, LW AF Tam, LW TI Psychological aspects of pregnancy in the military: A review SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the North-American-Society-for-Psychosocial-Obstetrics-and-Gynecology CY MAR, 1996 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO SP N Amer Soc Psychosocial Obstet & Gynecol ID OPERATION DESERT STORM; HEALTH-CARE; WOMEN AB Objectives: In the past 20 years, more women have joined the armed forces than ever before. Consequently, the management of pregnant service members has raised important medical and administrative issues. Recent studies comparing service-women with their civilian counterparts have shown a significantly increased rate of pregnancy complications. This paper explores the psychosocial milieu in which active duty pregnancies occur and attempts to elucidate the psychological stressors that may contribute to the increased complication rate. Methods: The literature on pregnancy in the military and the existing regulations governing its medical and administrative management are reviewed. Case material is presented and analyzed. Results and Conclusions: Three types of psychological stressors are identified and discussed: lack of social supports, the pressures of minority status, and the institutional reactions to gender roles, The author proposes mandatory education for military leaders regarding sensitivity to women's reproductive issues as well as specialized briefings for women inductees on the realities and risks of pregnancy in the military. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Kenner Army Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Ft Lee, VA USA. RP Tam, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, MC 0804,9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 163 IS 6 BP 408 EP 412 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU485 UT WOS:000074202800015 PM 9640038 ER PT J AU Rothberg, JM AF Rothberg, JM TI The Army psychological autopsy: Then and now SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES-ARMY; SUICIDE; DEATH; PERSONNEL AB The conduct and reporting of an Army psychological autopsy is a complex and relatively infrequent event. The details of these reports may not be completely clear to the behavioral sciences personnel tasked with collecting the data. This paper reviews the current status of the Army psychological autopsy and contrasts it with the development of civilian psychological autopsies. The current thinking of the Department of Defense Health Affairs working group on psychological autopsies is presented. The epidemiological content of the Army psychological autopsy as a scientific resource is presented in the form of an analysis of the psychological autopsies for the 1995 Army suicide data. Suggestions for updating this unique command tool are included. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Rothberg, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 163 IS 6 BP 427 EP 433 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU485 UT WOS:000074202800019 PM 9640042 ER PT J AU McDonough, JH Clark, TR Slone, TW Zoeffel, D Brown, K Kim, S Smith, CD AF McDonough, JH Clark, TR Slone, TW Zoeffel, D Brown, K Kim, S Smith, CD TI Neural lesions in the rat and their relationship to EEG delta activity following seizures induced by the nerve agent soman SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nerve agent; organophosphate; soman; neuropathology; seizures; epilepsy; status epilepticus; EEG; power spectral analysis; delta activity; animal; rat ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; INDUCED NEUROPATHOLOGY; STATUS-EPILEPTICUS; LONG-TERM; HYPERMETABOLIC NECROSIS; SUBSTANTIA NIGRA; INTOXICATED RATS; GLUCOSE USE; PATHOLOGY; DIAZEPAM AB This study describes the neural structures damaged following exposure to the nerve agent soman, shows there are time-dependent differences in the extent of damage in certain structures, and relates seizure-induced increases in delta band (0-3.5 Hz) electroencephalographic (EEG) activity with severity of subsequent neuropathology. Rats, instrumented to record cortical EEG activity, were pretreated with the oxime HI-6 (125 mg/kg, ip) and then challenged with soman (180 ug/kg, sc). All animals developed continuous epileptiform seizures that lasted in excess of 4 hr. Groups of animals were perfused 1, 3, 10 or 30 days following exposure. Paraffin-embedded brains were stained with hematoxylin and eosin; thirty-four neural structures were examined and scored for neural damage. All cortical areas sustained damage, with piriform and perirhinal cortices exhibiting the most severe. Subcortical limbic areas (amygdala, amygdala-piriform transition zone, hippocampus, claustrum) and various thalamic nuclei were most consistently and severely damaged in all animals regardless of survival time. Brainstem structures, cerebellum, spinal cord, and other motor output nuclei were never damaged. It was found that some structures were rated as more severely damaged when evaluated at shorter survival times. Severity of neural damage was related to high levels of EEG delta power recorded 24 hr after exposure; power during the acute seizure or 24 hr body weight loss did not predict lesion severity. Sections between AP -0.8 to -4.8 contain cortical and subcortical structures that can be readily and reproducibly evaluated for brain damage. (C) 1998 Intox Press, Inc. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV PA McDonough, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Comparat Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP McDonough, JH (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV PA McDonough, Div Pharmacol, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 55 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU INTOX PRESS INC PI LITTLE ROCK PA PO BOX 24865, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72221 USA SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JUN PY 1998 VL 19 IS 3 BP 381 EP 391 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA ZQ617 UT WOS:000073886000005 PM 9621344 ER PT J AU Armstrong, A Dahl, C Haffner, W AF Armstrong, A Dahl, C Haffner, W TI Predictors of performance on the National Board of Medical Examiners obstetrics and gynecology subject examination SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Objective: To examine the correlation among the National Board of Medical Examiners subject examination, the US Medical Licensure Examination step 1 scores, and grade point average and to determine if poor performance could be predicted by the US Medical Licensure Examination step 1 score and grade point average. Methods: The subject examination scores of 148 third-year medical students were compared with their US Medical Licensure Examination step 1 scores and grade point averages. Scores below the 20th percentile were defined as poor performance. Results: There was a significant correlation between the US Medical Licensure Examination score and the subject examination score (r = .6, P < .001). The correlation with grade point average was also significant (r = .57, P < .001). Conclusion: The US Medical Licensure Examination step 1 performance, grade point average, and performance on the subject examination are all correlated. However, use of the US Medical Licensure Examination step 1 scores and grade point averages to identify all students at risk was associated with a high false-positive rate at our institution. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Armstrong, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 91 IS 6 BP 1021 EP 1022 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(98)00090-8 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA ZQ323 UT WOS:000073847000029 PM 9611017 ER PT J AU Vollmerhausen, R Driggers, RG Webb, C Edwards, T AF Vollmerhausen, R Driggers, RG Webb, C Edwards, T TI Staring imager minimum resolvable temperature measurements beyond the sensor half sample rate SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE minimum resolvable temperature difference; sampled imaging system ID MODULATION TRANSFER-FUNCTION AB It is a well-known phenomenon that three-and four-bar patterns can sometimes be resolved with staring sensors even when the bar pattern frequency is beyond the half sample rate of the sensor. When performing a minimum resolvable temperature (MRT) test, for example, the modulation of the target bars can be significant even when the fundamental frequency of the four-bar target is higher than the half sample rate of the sensor. We show that the modulation of a four-bar target goes to zero at 0.6 times the sample rate of the sensor (1.2 times the half sample rate) if the sample phasing is optimized. If the bar pattern contains a larger number of bars, the modulation cutoff approaches the half sample rate of the sensor. Further, we illustrate that, when the sample phase is optimized during the MRT measurement, the MRT performance of a sampled imager can exceed the measured MRT performance of an analog sensor with the same system and component modulation transfer functions. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [S0091-3286(98)01506-2]. C1 USA, Commun & Elect Command, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Vollmerhausen, R (reprint author), USA, Commun & Elect Command, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA POB 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 37 IS 6 BP 1763 EP 1769 DI 10.1117/1.601829 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZT109 UT WOS:000074049300014 ER PT J AU Narayanan, RM Xu, Y Hoffmeyer, PD Curtis, JO AF Narayanan, RM Xu, Y Hoffmeyer, PD Curtis, JO TI Design, performance, and applications of a coherent ultra-wideband random noise radar SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE polarimetry; radar; random noise; subsurface probing; ultra-wideband AB A novel coherent ultra-wideband radar system operating in the 1- to 2-GHz frequency range has been developed recently at the University of Nebraska. The radar system transmits white Gaussian noise. Detection and localization of buried objects is accomplished by correlating the reflected waveform with a time-delayed replica of the transmitted waveform. Broadband dual-polarized log-periodic antennas are used for transmission and reception. A unique signal-processing scheme is used to inject coherence into the system by frequency translation of the ultrawideband signal by a coherent 160-MHz phase-locked source prior to performing heterodyne correlation. The system coherence allows the extraction of a target's polarimetric amplitude and phase characteristics. This paper describes the unique design features of the radar system, develops the theoretical foundations of noise polarimetry, provides experimental evidence of the polarimetric and resolution capabilities of the system, and demonstrates results obtained in subsurface probing applications. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical instrumentation Engineers. [S0091-3286(98)03106-7]. C1 Univ Nebraska, Ctr Electroopt, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Narayanan, RM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Ctr Electroopt, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. NR 4 TC 87 Z9 96 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPIE - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA POB 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 37 IS 6 BP 1855 EP 1869 DI 10.1117/1.601699 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZT109 UT WOS:000074049300031 ER PT J AU Burns, AD Burgess, LPA AF Burns, AD Burgess, LPA TI Familial recurrent facial paresis: Four generations SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 18-21, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID MELKERSSON-ROSENTHAL SYNDROME C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, Tripler, HI USA. RP Burns, AD (reprint author), Keller Army Community Hosp, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 118 IS 6 BP 859 EP 862 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA ZT295 UT WOS:000074070200023 ER PT J AU Bass, JW Freitas, BC Freitas, AD Freitas, D Sisler, CL Chan, DS Vincent, JM Person, DA Claybaugh, JR Wittler, RR Weisse, ME Regnery, RL Slater, LN AF Bass, JW Freitas, BC Freitas, AD Freitas, D Sisler, CL Chan, DS Vincent, JM Person, DA Claybaugh, JR Wittler, RR Weisse, ME Regnery, RL Slater, LN TI Prospective randomized double blind placebo-controlled evaluation of azithromycin for treatment of cat-scratch disease SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cat-scratch disease; Bartonella henselae; azithromycin ID ROCHALIMAEA-HENSELAE; PHARMACOKINETICS AB Objective. To determine the efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of patients with typical eat-scratch disease. Design. Prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Setting. Large military medical center and its referring clinics. Patients. Active duty military members and their dependents with laboratory-confirmed, clinically typical cat-scratch disease. Intervention Study participants assigned by randomization to treatment with oral azithromycin or placebo for 5 days. Outcome measures. Lymph node volume was calculated using three dimensional ultrasonography at entry and at weekly intervals. The ultrasonographer was blinded to the treatment groups. Endpoint evaluations were predetermined as time in days to 80% resolution of the initial total lymph node volume. Results. Demographic and clinical data showed that the azithromycin and placebo treatment groups were comparable at entry although the placebo group tended to be older. Eighty percent decrease of initial lymph node volume was documented in 7 of 14 azithromycin-treated patients compared with 1 of 15 placebo-treated controls during the first 30 days of observation (P = 0.026). After 30 days there was no significant difference in rate or degree of resolution between the two groups. Conclusions. Treatment of patients with typical cat-scratch disease with oral azithromycin for five days affords significant clinical benefit as measured by total decrease in lymph node volume within the first month of treatment. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pharm, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Wichita, KS 67214 USA. W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral & Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. RP Bass, JW (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 13 TC 143 Z9 149 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 17 IS 6 BP 447 EP 452 DI 10.1097/00006454-199806000-00002 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA ZU297 UT WOS:000074182600001 PM 9655532 ER PT J AU Sostre, G Johnson, JF Cho, M AF Sostre, G Johnson, JF Cho, M TI Ossifying renal cell carcinoma SO PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB In older children, ossifying renal cell carcinoma is a potential explanation for a network of well-organized, curvilinear hi,oh-attenuation areas in a renal mass. Since ossification of renal cell carcinoma is a favorable tumor marker that implies a less extensive resection, it is important to anticipate this tumor before surgical resection is undertaken. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Dept Army, Ft Sam Houston, TX 79234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Dept Army, Ft Sam Houston, TX 79234 USA. RP Sostre, G (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Dept Army, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 79234 USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-0449 J9 PEDIATR RADIOL JI Pediatr. Radiol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 28 IS 6 BP 458 EP 460 DI 10.1007/s002470050382 PG 3 WC Pediatrics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Pediatrics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZY399 UT WOS:000074617400011 PM 9634462 ER PT J AU Genovese, RF Newman, DB Petras, JM Brewer, TG AF Genovese, RF Newman, DB Petras, JM Brewer, TG TI Behavioral and neural toxicity of arteether in rats SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE antimalarial; artemisinin; audition; discrimination; neuropathology; safety assessment ID ARTEMISININ; NEUROTOXICITY; ARTEMETHER; QINGHAOSU; MALARIA; DERIVATIVES AB Repeated administration of the artemisinin antimalarial compound, beta-arteether (AE) (25 mg/kg, IM) was evaluated in rats using a two-choice, discrete trial, auditory discrimination task and subsequent neurohistology. Rats were trained to choose one of two response levers following presentation of white noise or a tone + white noise. Increasing and decreasing the intensity of the tone increased and decreased discriminability, respectively, and differential reinforcement density produced systematic changes in response bias. AE (n = 5) or vehicle (n = 5) was injected daily (9-12 days). Initial injections of AE did not affect behavioral performance. Continuing daily injections produced significant decreases in choice accuracy and significant increases in choice reaction time. When overt signs of severe toxicity were observed, rats were sacrificed and significant neural pathology was observed in the nucleus trapezoideus of AE-treated rats. In a subsequent experiment, AE was injected for 3 (n = 5), 5 (n = 5), or 7 (n = 5), consecutive days and performance was examined for an additional 7 days. Behavioral disruption was only observed in rats receiving AE for 7 days and the greatest degree of disruption occurred after AE injections were completed. Histopathological examination showed significant neural pathology in the nuclei trapezoideus, superior olive, and ruber of rats receiving 7- and 5-day AE regimens, and in the nucleus trapezoideus of rats receiving the 3-day regimen. Thus, behavioral disruption reflected, but did not predict, neuropathology. These results confirm and extend earlier results demonstrating neurotoxicity of AE in rats. Further, these results demonstrate that the auditory discrimination task provides an objective behavioral measure of AE neurotoxicity, and thus, can serve as a valuable tool for the safety development of AE and other artemisinin antimalarial compounds. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Genovese, RF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 27 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 60 IS 2 BP 449 EP 458 DI 10.1016/S0091-3057(98)00019-7 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ZQ042 UT WOS:000073815600018 PM 9632228 ER PT J AU Dowling, JP AF Dowling, JP TI Correlated input-port, matter-wave interferometer: Quantum-noise limits to the atom-laser gyroscope SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PROJECTION NOISE; PHASE; STATES; SPECTROSCOPY; INTERFERENCE; UNCERTAINTY; NUMBER; OPTICS AB I derive the quantum phase-noise limit to the sensitivity of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer in which the incident quantum particles enter via both input peas. I show that if the incident particles are entangled and correlated properly, then the phase sensitivity scales asymptotically like the Heisenberg-limited Delta phi = O(1/N), for large N, where N is the number of particles incident per unit time. (In a one-input-port device, the sensitivity can be at best Delta phi=1/root N.) My calculation applies to bosons or fermions of arbitrary integer or half-integer spin. Applications to optical, atom-beam, and atom-laser gyroscopes are discussed-in particular, an atom-laser can be used to obtain the required entanglements for achieving this Heisenberg-limited sensitivity with atomic matter waves. C1 USA, Missile Aviat & Command, Weap Sci Directorate, AMSAM,RD,WS,ST,Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Dowling, JP (reprint author), USA, Missile Aviat & Command, Weap Sci Directorate, AMSAM,RD,WS,ST,Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Bldg 7804, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM jdowling@redstone.army.mil RI DOWLING, JONATHAN/L-2749-2013 NR 51 TC 195 Z9 201 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUN PY 1998 VL 57 IS 6 BP 4736 EP 4746 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.57.4736 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ZU090 UT WOS:000074160600083 ER PT J AU Witmer, BG Singer, MJ AF Witmer, BG Singer, MJ TI Measuring presence in virtual environments: A presence questionnaire SO PRESENCE-TELEOPERATORS AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article AB The effectiveness of virtual environments (VEs) has often been linked to the sense of presence reported by users of those VEs. (Presence is defined as the subjective experience of being in one place or environment, even when one is physically situated in another.) We believe that presence is a normal awareness phenomenon that requires directed attention and is based in the interaction between sensory stimulation, environmental factors that encourage involvement and enable immersion, and internal tendencies to become involved. Factors believed to underlie presence were described in the premier issue of Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. We used these factors and others as the basis for a presence questionnaire (PQ) to measure presence in VEs. In addition we developed an immersive tendencies questionnaire (ITQ) to measure differences in the tendencies of individuals to experience presence. These questionnaires are being used to evaluate relationships among reported presence and other research variables. Combined results from four experiments lead to the following conclusions: (1) the PQ and ITQ are internally consistent measures with high reliability; (2) there is a weak but consistent positive relation between presence and task performance in VEs; (3) individual tendencies as measured by the ITQ predict presence as measured by the PQ; and (4) individuals who report more simulator sickness symptoms in VE report less presence than those who report fewer symptoms. C1 USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Witmer, BG (reprint author), STRICOM, Simulator Syst Res Unit, 12350 Res Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM Bob_Witmer@stricom.army.mil NR 24 TC 924 Z9 928 U1 12 U2 63 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 1054-7460 J9 PRESENCE-TELEOP VIRT JI Presence-Teleoper. Virtual Env. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 7 IS 3 BP 225 EP 240 DI 10.1162/105474698565686 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA ZU303 UT WOS:000074183200001 ER PT J AU Klusman, LE AF Klusman, LE TI Military health care providers' views on prescribing privileges for psychologists SO PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-RESEARCH AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID PRESCRIPTION PRIVILEGES; PSYCHOTROPIC MEDICATION; PHYSICIANS AB Selected military psychologists have been trained and privileged to independently prescribe psychotropic medications. To explore the attitudes of health care professionals toward prescribing authority, a survey of 395 military psychiatrists, psychologists, primary care physicians, and social workers was conducted. Psychologists, physicians, and social workers supported prescribing privileges and continuation of the training program. Results suggested that support by physicians and social workers is based on improving access to comprehensive mental health care for their patients. Psychologists advocating prescribing privileges at the state level need to pursue the training and licensing authority to prescribe independently. The opposition of organized psychiatry seems assured. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Klusman, LE (reprint author), NeuroMed Ctr, 7777 Hennessy Blvd,Suite 10000, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0735-7028 J9 PROF PSYCHOL-RES PR JI Prof. Psychol.-Res. Pract. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 29 IS 3 BP 223 EP 229 PG 7 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA ZP352 UT WOS:000073743700003 ER PT J AU Schumm, WR Bell, DB AF Schumm, WR Bell, DB TI Response rates and couple type in the US Army family Research Program survey: A research note SO PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TRENDS AB Data from 7,792 married soldiers who participated in the 1989 Army Family Research Program survey were analyzed for the effects of age, rank, racial background, geographic location, gender, separation from spouse, marital stability, number of children, dual military status, and satisfaction with the Army on spouses response rates. AU factors were significant except age and number of children. Overall, the most important factor was rank, with 58% of the spouses of officers responding compared to only 35% of the spouses of enlisted personnel. Spouses who were civilians, females, living with their soldiers in the United States, whose marriages were stable and who were married to while soldiers or officers were more likely to have responded to the spouses' survey. While the average response rate for spouses was 42.1%, it was nearly 68% among the civilian female spouses living together in the United States in stable marriages with officers who were very satisfied with Army life (n=367). In contrast, response rates were only 20% among the dual military husbands of female enlisted wives (n=364). C1 USA, Res Inst, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bell, DB (reprint author), USA, Res Inst, 5001 Eisenhower Ave, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS PI MISSOULA PA P O BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0033-2941 J9 PSYCHOL REP JI Psychol. Rep. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 82 IS 3 BP 1387 EP 1393 PN 2 PG 7 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 106VP UT WOS:000075171400044 ER PT J AU Carroll, RG Riley, JL Levine, BL Blair, PJ St Louis, DC June, CH AF Carroll, RG Riley, JL Levine, BL Blair, PJ St Louis, DC June, CH TI The role of co-stimulation in regulation of chemokine receptor expression and HIV-1 infection in primary T lymphocytes SO SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE chemokines; CCR5; CD28; CTLA-4; HIV-1 ID CD28 SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; PEPTIDE-MHC COMPLEXES; VIRUS-REPLICATION; FUSION COFACTOR; CELL ACTIVATION; CD4(+) CELLS; LOW-AFFINITY; IN-VITRO; COSTIMULATION; RANTES AB Fusion and entry of the human immunodeficiency virus (HN) into CD4(+) T lymphocytes requires expression of CD4 and a coreceptor. At least eight chemokine receptors can serve as coreceptors for HIV. Accumulating evidence indicates that multiple factors, including the state of cellular differentiation and activation, regulate the expression of alpha- and beta-chemokine receptors on lymphocytes. For example, binding of antibodies to the CD28 coreceptor can downregulate expression of beta-chemokine receptors, and this appears to have important consequences on the susceptibility of CD4(+) T lymphocytes to infection by HIV. In contrast, binding of the natural CD28 ligand B7 or antibodies to the CD28 homologue CTLA-4 can upregulate CCR5 expression, suggesting a reciprocal interaction between CD28 and CTLA-4 and the regulation of beta-chemokine receptor expression. Thus, the CD28/ CTLA-4/B7 co-stimulation pathway is identified as a potential novel target for the control of susceptibility to some strains of HIV-1 infection. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Mil HIV Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. USN, Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Carroll, RG (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, Mil HIV Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009; OI Riley, James/0000-0002-1057-576X NR 50 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1044-5323 J9 SEMIN IMMUNOL JI Semin. Immunol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 10 IS 3 BP 195 EP 202 DI 10.1006/smim.1998.0131 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 131NG UT WOS:000076581700005 PM 9653046 ER PT J AU Kelly, TK Kupferschmid, M AF Kelly, TK Kupferschmid, M TI Numerical verification of second-order sufficiency conditions for nonlinear programming SO SIAM REVIEW LA English DT Article DE nonlinear programming; second-order sufficiency conditions; conjugate structure; KKT multipliers AB The existence of second-order sufficient conditions (SOSCs) for nonlinear programming problems is an interesting theoretical result. It is not, however, immediately clear how one might use them in practice to determine if a candidate point produced by an algorithm operating on an actual problem is indeed optimal. We present a simple method for computationally checking the SOSCs (for the case when the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) multipliers for all active inequality constraints are positive) in a finite number of steps that at once sheds light on their meaning and provides a computational tool for use in checking the results produced by algorithms on actual problems. Furthermore, this method serves as a nice bridge from a class on the theory of nonlinear programming to one on algorithms, as it connects the SOSCs to the conjugate structure of a problem, a concept important in the construction of many solution methods. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10906 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Alan M Vorhees Comp Ctr, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Kelly, TK (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10906 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 0036-1445 J9 SIAM REV JI SIAM Rev. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 40 IS 2 BP 310 EP 314 DI 10.1137/S003614459630205X PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA ZN816 UT WOS:000073685500007 ER PT J AU Keith, B Babchuk, N AF Keith, B Babchuk, N TI The quest for institutional recognition: A longitudinal analysis of scholarly productivity and academic prestige among sociology departments SO SOCIAL FORCES LA English DT Article ID SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTIVITY; SCIENCE; CAREER AB Research on the science enterprise ordinarily assumes that any hierarchy among academic departments reflects an egalitarian system based on merit. This assumption is predicated on the view that departmental prestige is primarily a function of faculty scholarship. In this article, the association between prestige and scholarship is examined for the discipline of sociology using evaluative ratings from three national studies and objective data on publications. Scholarship is found to be far less important in determining prestige ratings than either the past reputations of departments or their affiliated universities. Publishing is not necessarily a straightforward means of securing a department's prestige. Instead past reputation reflective of an institutional context, rather than scholarly productivity, appears to be the critical property bearing on how departments are viewed. C1 US Mil Acad, AAD, MADN, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Keith, B (reprint author), US Mil Acad, AAD, MADN, Bldg 600,Room 10, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM zb9599@exmail.usma.edu NR 53 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 11 PU UNIV NORTH CAROLINA PRESS PI CHAPEL HILL PA BOX 2288, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27515-2288 USA SN 0037-7732 J9 SOC FORCES JI Soc. Forces PD JUN PY 1998 VL 76 IS 4 BP 1495 EP 1533 DI 10.2307/3005843 PG 39 WC Sociology SC Sociology GA ZZ711 UT WOS:000074759300012 ER PT J AU Ding, SP Petuskey, WT AF Ding, SP Petuskey, WT TI Solutions to Fick's second law of diffusion with a sinusoidal excitation SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE Fick's second law; ionic diffusion; Laplace transformation; mathematical solutions; sinusoidal excitation AB Fick's second law of diffusion was solved using the Laplace transformation for a homogeneous linear sample and a bisectional linear sample, for the boundary conditions of one end of the sample being impressed with a sinusoidal excitation of concentration or of mass flow, and the other end being a reflective or an infinitive boundary. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Dept Chem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Sci & Engn Mat Program, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Ding, SP (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE DC, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM sding@arl.mil NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 109 IS 1-2 BP 101 EP 110 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(98)00103-9 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA ZQ962 UT WOS:000073920800011 ER PT J AU Kariuki, M Ogwang, R Mulaa, F Martin, SK AF Kariuki, M Ogwang, R Mulaa, F Martin, SK TI Signal transduction in malaria gametocytes SO SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Biochemical Pathways in Parasites of Medical Importance CY JAN 14-16, 1998 CL UNIV CAPE TOWN, CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA SP TDR HO UNIV CAPE TOWN ID PHOSPHOINOSITIDE HYDROLYSIS; PLASMODIUM-GALLINACEUM; GAMETE FORMATION; DNA-SYNTHESIS; EXFLAGELLATION; FALCIPARUM; PARASITES; MOSQUITO C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Entomol, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kariuki, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Entomol, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUREAU SCIENTIFIC PUBL PI PRETORIA PA P O BOX 2600, PRETORIA 0001, SOUTH AFRICA SN 0038-2353 J9 S AFR J SCI JI S. Afr. J. Sci. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 94 IS 6 BP 271 EP 272 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 120CW UT WOS:000075938100007 ER PT J AU Reichle, JL AF Reichle, JL TI Benefits of screening mammography: A review for the primary care physician SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID AGED 40-49 YEARS; POSITIVE PREDICTIVE VALUE; CARCINOMA IN-SITU; BREAST-CANCER; WOMEN; EFFICACY; BIOPSY; OLD; HISTORY; DENSITY AB Background. Screening mammography, particularly for women in their 40s, has become a confusing issue for many physicians. Recent scientific and political controversies regarding screening guidelines have added to this confusion. Methods. Many randomized clinical trials have shown the benefits of mammographic screening for women over the age of 50, and recent studies show a statistically significant benefit for women in their 40s as well. Understanding die screening controversy requires an understanding of the principle of screening for disease, the epidemiology of breast cancer, and the results of the many randomized clinical trials, particularly recent data from the Swedish two-county trials. An appreciation of the improvements in mammographic quality in recent years, and in the education of the radiologists who interpret these studies, will also heighten clinical acceptance of this screening technique. Results, Both the American Cancer Society and American College of Radiology endorse annual mammographic screening for women over age 40, and there is compelling evidence to support these recommendations. Conclusion. Radiologists, primary care providers, surgeons, and pathologists should work together to enhance the benefits of and access to screening mammography. C1 USA, Lyster Hosp, Dept Radiol, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Reichle, JL (reprint author), USA AMC, Dept Radiol, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 91 IS 6 BP 510 EP 516 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZT601 UT WOS:000074104200001 PM 9634110 ER PT J AU Belyea, DA Tuman, DC Ward, TP Babonis, TR AF Belyea, DA Tuman, DC Ward, TP Babonis, TR TI The red eye revisited: Ophthalmia nodosa due to tarantula hairs SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB We present the case of a 17-year-old girl who came to our center with a red irritated eye from exposure to tarantula hairs. An ophthalmology literature search revealed six reported cases. There have been no reports of these cases in the general medical and pediatric literature. Due to the increasing popularity of tarantulas as pets, we present the following case report and discussion to bring attention to this potential complication of tarantula handling. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Belyea, DA (reprint author), Maine Eye Ctr, 15 Lowell St, Portland, ME 04102 USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 91 IS 6 BP 565 EP 567 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZT601 UT WOS:000074104200011 PM 9634120 ER PT J AU Longmore, L Foley, JP Rozanski, TA Higgins, B Thompson, IM AF Longmore, L Foley, JP Rozanski, TA Higgins, B Thompson, IM TI Prolonged prostate-specific antigen response in flutamide withdrawal syndrome despite disease progression SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-TRIALS; CANCER; DECLINE AB Flutamide withdrawal syndrome is characterized by a decrease in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after flutamide withdrawal in a subset of patients with progressing metastatic carcinoma of the prostate, It is generally hypothesized to be due to a point mutation in the androgen receptor that allows the antiandrogen to function as an agonist, leading to a dramatic and rapid PSA response. We describe a patient with androgen-independent prostate cancer in whom PSA continued to decrease for a period of 15 months after flutamide withdrawal. With continuing fall in PSA, the patient had unequivocal progression of disease seen on bone scan. This case illustrates the potential decoupling of PSA response from disease status in flutamide withdrawal. It also illustrates the need for continued clinical evaluation of patients with metastatic prostate cancer, even in the face of PSA response. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. RP Thompson, IM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 91 IS 6 BP 573 EP 575 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZT601 UT WOS:000074104200013 PM 9634122 ER PT J AU Baur, DA Pusateri, AE Kudryk, VL Jordan, R Ringgold, C Vandre, R Baker, T AF Baur, DA Pusateri, AE Kudryk, VL Jordan, R Ringgold, C Vandre, R Baker, T TI Accuracy of orthognathic evaluation using telemedicine technology SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Objective: Telemedicine technology has the ability to project highly specialized medical and dental expertise anywhere in the world. This is particularly important to many small, isolated communities that do not have access to medical and dental specialists. Telemedicine also has the potential to reduce unnecessary travel, time away from work, and unneeded hospital admissions. For this technology to be successful, however, clinicians need to have confidence in its capabilities. This study was conducted to determine the accuracy of an orthognathic evaluation using telemedicine. Materials and Methods: Thirteen patients were randomly selected for review by two surgeons each using telemedicine and clinical examinations. Clinically acceptable differences were established, and the results of the two examination methods were compared. Results: A main effect of the examination method was observed in 7 of the 18 continuous measurements taken. Examination of the absolute value of the within-subject difference between the two examination methods demonstrated that the mean absolute difference was statistically different from zero for 13 of 18 measurements taken. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that a relatively accurate orthognathic examination can be performed with this technology. With this in mind, clinicians may feel comfortable using this technology for other clinical applications. C1 Great Lakes Naval Training Ctr, Dept Surg, USA Dent Res Detachment, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Teledent Project, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Evans Army Community Hosp, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Ft Carson, CO 80713 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Ft Lewis, WA 98433 USA. USA Med Res & Mat Command, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Device Sci Div, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Syst Engn Ctr Total Access, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Baur, DA (reprint author), Great Lakes Naval Training Ctr, Dept Surg, USA Dent Res Detachment, Bldg 1-H, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1078-3024 J9 TELEMED J JI Telemed. J. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 4 IS 2 BP 153 EP 160 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 142KU UT WOS:000077200300003 PM 9710647 ER PT J AU Rothwell, SW Maglasang, P Krishnamurti, C AF Rothwell, SW Maglasang, P Krishnamurti, C TI Survival of fresh human platelets in a rabbit model as traced by flow cytometry SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID HEMOSTATIC FUNCTION; GLYCOPROTEIN-IX; BLEEDING-TIME; TRANSFUSION; MEMBRANE; STORAGE; CRYOPRESERVATION; PSORALEN; OLD AB BACKGROUND: In the event of hemorrhage and blood loss, platelets play a vital role in the coagulation process. However. there are currently no acceptable protocols far long-term storage of platelets. As a first step toward testing the efficacy of stored platelets or platelet substitutes in vivo, a flow cytometric technique was developed to detect human platelets in rabbit blood. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Human platelets were transfused to rabbits whose reticuloendothelial system was inhibited by the administration of ethyl palmitate. Because human and rabbit platelets display surface molecules with different epitopes, human platelets were selectively labeled with antibodies specific for glycoprotein IX (CD42a). As this antibody does not label rabbit platelets, it allows discrimination of human from rabbit platelets in samples of rabbit blood containing both types of platelets. RESULTS: Survival of human platelets in rabbits was monitored by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy in blood drawn at various times after the platelet transfusion. Fresh human platelets transfused to untreated control rabbits (n = 3) were removed from circulation within 10 minutes of the completion of the transfusion. Fresh platelets (1 day old) transfused to rabbits treated with ethyl palmitate (n = 5) survived for 24 hours with an average half-life of 8.6 hours. In contrast, 8-day-old platelets were cleared from the circulation sooner with an average half-life of 2.9 hours (n = 4). CONCLUSION: This report describes a rapid and efficient method of assessing the survival of human platelets in a rabbit model using flow cytometry. This technique will enable.the monitoring in rabbits of human platelets prepared by various preservation protocols. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Rothwell, SW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 32 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUN PY 1998 VL 38 IS 6 BP 550 EP 556 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1998.38698326334.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA ZX852 UT WOS:000074561900005 PM 9661688 ER PT J AU Gravatt, DA Kirby, CJ AF Gravatt, DA Kirby, CJ TI Patterns of photosynthesis and starch allocation in seedlings of four bottomland hardwood tree species subjected to flooding SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fraxinus pennsylvanica; green ash; non-structural carbohydrates; Nyssa aquatica; Quercus alba; Quercus nigra; water oak; water tupelo; white oak ID FRAXINUS-PENNSYLVANICA SEEDLINGS; GROWTH-RESPONSES; ADAPTATIONS AB Effects of short-term (32 days) flooding on photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, relative growth rate and tissue starch concentrations of flood-intolerant Quercus alba L. (white oak), bottomland Quercus nigra L. (water oak), bottomland Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall. (green ash) and flood-tolerant Nyssa aquatica L. (water tupelo) seedlings were studied under controlled conditions. Net photosynthetic rates of flooded N. aquatica seedlings were reduced by 25% throughout the 32-day flooding period. Net photosynthetic rates of flooded Q. alba seedlings fell rapidly to 25% of those of the control seedlings by Day 4 of the flooding treatment and to 5% by Day 16. In F. pennsylvanica and Q. nigra, net photosynthetic rates were reduced to 50% of control values by Day 8 but remained at approximately 30 and 33%, respectively, of control values by Day 32. Leaves of flooded e. alba seedlings accumulated approximately twice as much starch as leaves of non-flooded control plants, whereas root starch concentrations decreased to 67% of those of control plants by the end of the 32-day flooding treatment. In contrast, flooding caused only a small increase in leaf starch concentrations of N. aquatica plants, but it increased root starch concentrations to 119% of those of the control plants by the end of the experiment. The co-occurring bottomland species, Fraxinus pennsylvanica and Q. nigra, differed from each other in their patterns of stomatal conductance and root starch concentrations. We conclude that the maintenance of low leaf starch Materials and methods concentrations, and high pre-flood root tissue starch concentrations are important characteristics allowing flood-tolerant species to survive in flooded soils. C1 USA Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Gravatt, DA (reprint author), USA Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 25 TC 76 Z9 109 U1 4 U2 11 PU HERON PUBLISHING PI VICTORIA PA 202, 3994 SHELBOURNE ST, VICTORIA, BC V8N 3E2, CANADA SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 18 IS 6 BP 411 EP 417 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA ZR639 UT WOS:000073998900007 ER PT J AU Bauer, JJ Schulam, PG Kaufman, HS Moore, RG Irby, PB Kavoussi, LR AF Bauer, JJ Schulam, PG Kaufman, HS Moore, RG Irby, PB Kavoussi, LR TI Laparoscopy for the acute abdomen in the postoperative urologic patient SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIAGNOSIS AB Objectives. Exploratory laparotomy offers the greatest diagnostic accuracy of intra-abdominal pathologic processes, but can be associated with significant morbidity. Laparoscopy provides diagnostic capabilities equivalent to that of open exploration, but with potentially less morbidity. We present 3 cases in which laparoscopy was used to diagnose and manage urologic patients with an acute abdomen in a postoperative period. Methods. Three patients underwent laparoscopy between 1 and 14 days postoperatively for an acute abdomen (fever, elevated white blood cell count, and peritoneal signs). The initial procedures included a pubovaginal sling repair with fascia lata, endoscopic placement of a percutaneous gastrostomy tube, and a laparoscopic ureterolithotomy for a distal stone. Results. In each of the 3 patients laparoscopy revealed misplacement or malfunction of a previously placed tube. In all cases, the patient was managed laparoscopically without the need for laparotomy. Conclusions. These cases demonstrate the feasibility of laparoscopy to provide diagnostic and therapeutic solutions to postoperative urologic patients presenting with an acute abdomen. (C) 1998, Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Brady Urol Inst, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Hosp, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Bauer, JJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD JUN PY 1998 VL 51 IS 6 BP 917 EP 919 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(98)00027-2 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZP380 UT WOS:000073746500012 PM 9609626 ER PT J AU Bauer, JJ Srivastava, S Connelly, RR Sesterhenn, IA Preston, DM McLeod, DG Moul, JW AF Bauer, JJ Srivastava, S Connelly, RR Sesterhenn, IA Preston, DM McLeod, DG Moul, JW TI Significance of familial history of prostate cancer to traditional prognostic variables, genetic biomarkers, and recurrence after radical prostatectomy SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES; RISK; CARCINOMA; MEN AB Objectives. Prostate cancer (PCa) has a familial predisposition imparting an increased risk of developing the disease in those with a family history. The pathologic characteristics are similar to sporadic cases; however, the disease-free survival rates of hereditary PCa have recently been disputed, with one major study suggesting that familial cases have higher recurrence rates. Our study seeks to support or refute this association and to evaluate the genetic biomarkers p53, bcl-2, Ki-67, and neovascularity between familial and sporadic disease. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed data of 573 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy over an 11-year period. Of these, 474 patients had known family history data. Univariable statistical analysis using the Pearson chi-square test and Kaplan-Meier disease-free survival analysis was performed to identify any correlation between the tested variables and family history. Smaller subsets of this cohort that had available archival material for immunohistochemical staining and family history data were analyzed in a similar manner. Results. The preoperative variables (prostate-specific antigen, prostatic acid phosphatase, clinical stage, highest biopsy Gleason sum, and glandular differentiation) and postoperative variables (stage, highest Gleason sum, and glandular differentiation) did not correlate with family history. Kaplan-Meier disease-free survival analysis revealed no differences between sporadic and familiar cases. The analysis of p53, bcl-2, Ki-67, and angiogenesis revealed that only increasing p53 expression and positive family history of PCa approached significance (P = 0.057). Conclusions. Prognostic variables routinely used in PCa and selected genetic biomarker immunostaining abnormalities are not significantly different in men with and without a family history of PCa. Disease-free survival after radical prostatectomy is also unaffected by family history. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 27 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD JUN PY 1998 VL 51 IS 6 BP 970 EP 976 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(98)00103-4 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZP380 UT WOS:000073746500021 PM 9609635 ER PT J AU Krogmann, U Qu, M Boyles, LS Martel, CJ AF Krogmann, U Qu, M Boyles, LS Martel, CJ TI Biosolids and sludge management SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Review C1 Rutgers State Univ, Cook Coll, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Krogmann, U (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Cook Coll, Dept Environm Sci, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. NR 314 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 70 IS 4 BP 557 EP 580 DI 10.2175/106143098X134262 PG 24 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA ZY282 UT WOS:000074604500014 ER PT J AU Castner, HR Null, CL AF Castner, HR Null, CL TI Chromium, nickel and manganese in shipyard welding fumes SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE chromium; hexavalent chromium; nickel; manganese; SMAW; GMAW; HY-100 steel; HSLA-100 steel; permissible exposure limit AB Tests were conducted to determine the effects of base metal and welding electrode composition on welding fume. Materials included HY-100 and HSLA-100 high-strength, low-alloy steels. Shielded metal are welding (SMAW) was performed with E11018-M electrodes and gas metal are welding (GMAW) with MIL-100S-1 electrode wire. These tests included measurement of fume composition, fume generation rates and worker breathing zone fume. Sampling of welding fume also was conducted in a shipyard. This study concludes that some shipyard welding and cutting operations, materials and processes will be impacted by the recent and anticipated reductions in exposure limits. Additional controls will be required to comply with these reductions. Results indicate: Exposure to hexavalent chromium can be expected when welding or cutting materials that contain chromium or chromates. These materials include stainless steels, high-chromium nickel alloys and some low-alloy steels. The highest nickel levels occurred during SMAW and GMAW of stainless steels and nickel alloys. However, only the samples in enclosed spaces exceeded the proposed limit for nickel. SMAW, GMAW and flux cored are welding (FCAW) of stainless steels, carbon steels and low-alloy steels produced the highest manganese levels. Eight-hour TWA levels of hexavalent chromium of up to 1-2 mu g/m(3) were found during shipyard and laboratory sampling of SMAW of HY-100 using E11018-M and E12018-M electrodes. Similar levels also may be possible when welding with these electrodes on other materials. C1 Edison Welding Inst, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. USA, Naval Sea Syst Command, Arlington, VA USA. RP Castner, HR (reprint author), Edison Welding Inst, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. RI Vorobev, Alexander /C-1918-2016 OI Vorobev, Alexander /0000-0002-7324-428X NR 4 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA PO BOX 351040, MIAMI, FL 33135 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 77 IS 6 BP 223S EP 231S PG 9 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA ZT397 UT WOS:000074081400024 ER PT J AU Lesho, E Dorsey, D Bunner, D AF Lesho, E Dorsey, D Bunner, D TI Feces, dead horses, and fleas - Evolution of the hostile use of biological agents SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WARFARE AB Selected events in the history of biological weapons are highlighted to increase physicians' awareness of the threat of biological weapons. The hostile use of biological substances originated in antiquity and pervades the history of human conflict. Although difficult to verify at times, the use of such weaponry has not been limited to national militaries. Disgruntled civilians and even physicians have used biological weapons to promote their interests. Their potency, cost-effectiveness, and the ability to manufacture and deploy them with little sophistication, or under the semblance of legitimate commercial endeavors, will ensure that biological weapons remain a constant threat to public health. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Lesho, E (reprint author), USA, CMR 442 Box 594, APO, AE 09042 USA. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 168 IS 6 BP 512 EP 516 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZW101 UT WOS:000074374100004 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Rossman, DI Rohrbaugh, DK AF Munavalli, S Rossman, DI Rohrbaugh, DK TI Phototrifluoromethylsulfenylation of phenylcyclopropane SO JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cyclopropane; trifluoromethylsulfenyl; photolysis ID S-S BONDS; PHOTOCHEMICAL-REARRANGEMENT; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; CATION RADICALS; C-S; CLEAVAGE; BIS(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)TRISULFIDE; DERIVATIVES; INVERSION AB Cyclopropane and its derivatives undergo reactions analogous to alkenes as well as free-radical reactions leading to products corresponding to ring-fission, ring-substitution and rearrangement reactions. When a solution of phenylcyclopropane and trifluoromethylsulfenyl chloride in acetonitrile is photolyzed, eight to ten compounds are formed in various amounts depending on the duration of the photolysis. The spectrometric characterization and the mechanism of formation of the various products are presented in this paper. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Munavalli, S (reprint author), Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, POB 68, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 45 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-1139 J9 J FLUORINE CHEM JI J. Fluor. Chem. PD MAY 29 PY 1998 VL 89 IS 2 BP 189 EP 194 DI 10.1016/S0022-1139(98)00136-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA ZM892 UT WOS:000073586800008 ER PT J AU MacKenzie, JD Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Hommerich, U Seo, JT Wilson, RG Zavada, JM AF MacKenzie, JD Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Hommerich, U Seo, JT Wilson, RG Zavada, JM TI Er doping of GaN during growth by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ERBIUM; LUMINESCENCE; SILICON; SEMICONDUCTORS AB 1.54 mu m photoluminescence has been observed from GaN doped with Er during growth by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy, Strong Er3+-related photoluminescence (PL) was measured at room temperature for GaN:Er doped during growth on c-plane Al2O3 and Si. Experiments to evaluate the effects C and O on the optical activity of Er indicated that these impurities dramatically enhance Er PL in GaN. GaN films doped with Er to a concentration of 3x10(18) cm(-3) with [O] similar to 10(20) cm(-3) and [C] similar to 10(21) cm(-3) luminesce at 1.54 mu m with an intensity similar to 2 orders of magnitude greater than films with oxygen and carbon backgrounds of less than 10(19) cm(-3). The thermal PL quenching behavior was also markedly different for samples of varying O and C content. Er3+ luminescence from samples with high O and C concentrations quenched by only 10% between 15 and 300 K while the integrated PL signal from the samples with lower [O] and [C] quenched similar to 85% over the same temperature range. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Hampton Univ, Res Ctr Opt Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP MacKenzie, JD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 16 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 25 PY 1998 VL 72 IS 21 BP 2710 EP 2712 DI 10.1063/1.121107 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 108NZ UT WOS:000075273500028 ER PT J AU Litvin, FL Wang, AG Handschuh, RF AF Litvin, FL Wang, AG Handschuh, RF TI Computerized generation and simulation of meshing and contact of spiral bevel gears with improved geometry SO COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB The geometry, generation and simulation of meshing and contact of low-noise spiral bevel gears with a localized bearing contact have been developed. The influence of misalignment on the transmission errors and the shift of the bearing contact was investigated. An approach is proposed for detection and avoidance of an edge contact caused by interference of the working part of the surface of one of the gears with the fillet surface of the mating member. The theory that is developed is illustrated with numerical examples and experimental tests. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Engn, Gear Res Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, USA, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Litvin, FL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Engn, Gear Res Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. NR 16 TC 47 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0045-7825 J9 COMPUT METHOD APPL M JI Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. PD MAY 25 PY 1998 VL 158 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 64 DI 10.1016/S0045-7825(97)00229-6 PG 30 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA ZV275 UT WOS:000074288300003 ER PT J AU Abulaban, A Nieber, JL Misra, D AF Abulaban, A Nieber, JL Misra, D TI Modeling plume behavior for nonlinearly sorbing solutes in saturated homogeneous porous media SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE solute transport; Freundlich nonlinear sorption; saturated flow; particle tracking-random walk; retardation ID MACROSCOPIC DISPERSION; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; STOCHASTIC-ANALYSIS; ADSORBING SOLUTE; MASS-TRANSPORT; GROUNDWATER; EQUATION; FLOWS AB Transport of a sorbing solute in a two-dimensional steady and uniform flow field is modeled using a particle tracking random walk method. The solute is initially introduced from an instantaneous point source. Cases of linear and nonlinear sorption isotherms are considered. Local pore velocity and mechanical dispersion are used to describe the solute transport mechanisms at the local scale. The numerical simulation of solute particle transport yields the large scale behavior of the solute plume. Behavior of the plume is quantified in terms of the center-of-mass displacement distance, relative velocity of the center-of-mass, mass breakthrough curves, spread variance, and longitudinal skewness. The nonlinear sorption isotherm affects the plume behavior in the following way relative to the linear isotherm: (1) the plume velocity decreases exponentially with time; (2) the longitudinal variance increases nonlinearly with time; (3) the solute front is steepened and tailing is enhanced. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Limited. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Abulaban, A (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 50 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD MAY 20 PY 1998 VL 21 IS 6 BP 487 EP 498 DI 10.1016/S0309-1708(97)00007-9 PG 12 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA ZU052 UT WOS:000074156400005 ER PT J AU McConnell, JR Bales, RC Stewart, RW Thompson, AM Albert, MR Ramos, R AF McConnell, JR Bales, RC Stewart, RW Thompson, AM Albert, MR Ramos, R TI Physically based modelling of atmosphere-to-snow-to-firn transfer of H2O2 at South Pole SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ICE CORES; AIR; DEPOSITION; GREENLAND AB Quantitative interpretation of ice core chemical records requires a detailed understanding of the transfer processes that relate atmospheric concentrations to those in the snow, firn, and ice. A unique, 2 year set of year-round surface snow samples at South Pole and snow pits, with associated accumulation histories, were used to test a physically based model for atmosphere-to-firn transfer of H2O2. The model, which extends our previous transfer modeling at South Pole into the snowpack, is based on the advection-dispersion equation and spherical diffusion within representative snow grains. Required physical characteristics of the snowpack, such as snow temperature and ventilation, were estimated independently using established physical models. The surface snow samples and related model simulations show that there is a repeatable annual cycle in H2O2 in the surface snow at South Pale. It peaks in early spring, and surface snow concentration is primarily determined by atmospheric concentration and temperature, with some dependence on grain size. The snow pits and associated model simulations point out the impor tance of accumulation timing and annual accumulation rate in understanding the deposition and preservation of H2O2 and delta(18)O at South Pole. Long-term snowpack simulations suggest that the firn continues to lose H2O2 to the atmosphere for at least 10-12 years (similar to 3 m) after burial at current South Pole temperatures and accumulation rates. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP McConnell, JR (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM joe@hwr.arizona.edu RI Thompson, Anne /C-3649-2014 OI Thompson, Anne /0000-0002-7829-0920 NR 31 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAY 20 PY 1998 VL 103 IS D9 BP 10561 EP 10570 DI 10.1029/98JD00460 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ZN676 UT WOS:000073670500001 ER PT J AU Browne, D Baatz, LM Millard, F Ward, FT AF Browne, D Baatz, LM Millard, F Ward, FT TI Oncology services - The department of defense perspective SO CANCER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Cancer-Society National Conference on Purchasing Oncology Services - Current Methods and Models in the Marketplace CY SEP 11-12, 1997 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Canc Soc AB The Department of Defense (DoD) military health system has responsibility for providing medical care for more than 8 million beneficiaries. This article discusses initiatives related to both the providing and purchasing of oncology services. A description of health care coverage under TRICARE, the Department's managed care program, which utilizes military treatment facilities and civilian health care providers, is provided. Participation in clinical trials by the DoD beneficiaries, oncology services in military treatment facilities, quality management programs, cancer research, and the development of new technologies to enhance early cancer detection are presented. Access to research trials and new technologies is necessary for a comprehensive approach to cancer care. Clinical trials have been the vehicle by which the oncology community developed most of its formal clinical evidence for the efficacy of various treatment approaches. The Department participates in clinical trials through cooperative group membership or affiliation. Through an interagency agreement with the National Cancer Institute, DoD beneficiaries have available the option of participating in NCI-sponsored clinical trials through the direct military care system or through civilian care with reimbursement for approved protocols nationwide. The DoD has been actively involved in breast cancer research since 1992 and prostate and ovarian cancer research since 1997. The goals of the cancer research programs are to expedite and facilitate breakthroughs in research, support innovative, and exploratory ideas with a vision to foster new directions, address neglected issues, and bring new investigators into the research arena. The program incorporates the consumer perspective by involving consumers in the decision-making process. The DoD health care system trains experts in the management of cancer patients and provides a multidisciplinary approach to care through the direct military health care system or through network providers as part of the TRICARE system. Although cost containment is key, the delivery of high quality health care that is easily accessible is a primary goal of the military health system. Provision of a comprehensive benefits package that includes a spectrum of care and employing outcomes measurements to evaluate care that is appropriate for the patient's disease is essential. (C) 1998 American Cancer Society. C1 USA, Off Assistant Secretary Def, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USAF, Wright Patterson Hosp, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USN, Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Browne, D (reprint author), MCMR ZC, HQ, USAMRMC, 504 Scott St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 82 IS 10 SU S BP 2010 EP 2015 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZL633 UT WOS:000073454700006 PM 9587099 ER PT J AU Garcia, GE Wirtz, RA Barr, JR Woolfitt, A Rosenberg, R AF Garcia, GE Wirtz, RA Barr, JR Woolfitt, A Rosenberg, R TI Xanthurenic acid induces gametogenesis in Plasmodium, the malaria parasite SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GALLINACEUM AB A small, heat stable chromophore extracted from mosquitoes has recently been implicated as the signal that induces mating of Plasmodium, the malaria parasite. We have used high resolution electrospray mass spectrometry to determine that this gamete activation factor (GAF) has a m/z = 205.0450, suggesting a molecular species composition of C10H7NO4. Xanthurenic acid (XA), a product of tryptophan catabolism, was determined to have an elemental composition, ultraviolet absorbance maxima, and mass spectrum consistent with those characteristics of GAF. XA activated gametogenesis of Plasmodium gallinaceum and P. falciparum in vitro at concentrations lower than 0.5 mu M in saline buffered to pH 7.4. A structural analog of XA, kynurenic acid (C10H6NO3), also activated gametogenesis but only at higher concentrations and with less effect. We propose that XA is GAF, This is the first evidence that XA has induction activity. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Rosenberg, R (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 11 TC 79 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 273 IS 20 BP 12003 EP 12005 DI 10.1074/jbc.273.20.12003 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA ZN277 UT WOS:000073629800005 PM 9575140 ER PT J AU Carhart, GW Vorontsov, MA AF Carhart, GW Vorontsov, MA TI Synthetic imaging: Nonadaptive anisoplanatic image correction in atmospheric turbulence SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE-OPTICS AB We introduce a synthetic-imaging technique that can be applied to correct anisoplanatic images degraded by atmospheric turbulence. This method is based on local image-quality analysis applied to a large set of short-exposure images and can be considered a generalization of the frame-selection technique. Experimental results obtained for atmospheric data demonstrate the efficiency of the synthetic-imaging technique in improving image quality. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USA, Res Lab, Intelligent Opt Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Carhart, GW (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 15 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 10 BP 745 EP 747 DI 10.1364/OL.23.000745 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZM913 UT WOS:000073588900003 PM 18087328 ER PT J AU Pan, D Towe, E Kennerly, S AF Pan, D Towe, E Kennerly, S TI Strong normal-incidence infrared absorption and photo-current spectra from highly uniform (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dot structures SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The authors report normal-incidence infrared absorption in the wavelength rang 12-14 mu m and low temperature (40K) photocurrent spectra from an (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dot structure. The basic structure consists of 20 periods of highly uniform (In,Ga)As/GaAs dot arrays. The strong room temperature absorption indicates the high quality of the superlattice structure; this is considered to be very promising for the fabrication of high performance, long wavelength photodetectors. C1 Univ Virginia, Lab Opt & Quantum Elect, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pan, D (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Lab Opt & Quantum Elect, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. NR 6 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD MAY 14 PY 1998 VL 34 IS 10 BP 1019 EP 1020 DI 10.1049/el:19980589 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA ZR317 UT WOS:000073962000059 ER PT J AU Luckhart, S Vodovotz, Y Cui, LW Rosenberg, R AF Luckhart, S Vodovotz, Y Cui, LW Rosenberg, R TI The mosquito Anopheles stephensi limits malaria parasite development with inducible synthesis of nitric oxide SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; MESSENGER-RNA; SYNTHASE; GAMBIAE; GAMMA; CELLS; INACTIVATION; MACROPHAGE; INHIBITION AB We have discovered that the mosquito Anopheles stephensi, a natural vector of human malaria, limits parasite development with inducible synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), Elevated expression of A. stephensi NO synthase (NOS), which is highly homologous to characterized NOS genes, was detected in the midgut and carcass soon after invasion of the midgut by Plasmodium, Early induction is likely primed by bacterial growth in the blood meal. Later increases in A. stephensi NOS expression and enzyme activity occurred at the beginning of sporozoite release. Circulating levels of nitrite/nitrate, end-products of NO synthesis, were significantly higher in Plasmodium-infected mosquitoes. Dietary provision of the NOS substrate L-arginine reduced Plasmodium infections in A. stephensi. In contrast, dietary provision of a NOS inhibitor significantly increased parasite numbers in infected mosquitoes, confirming that A. stephensi limits Plasmodium development with NO. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NCI, Radiat Biol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Luckhart, S (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biochem, 111 Engel Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 41 TC 269 Z9 283 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 12 PY 1998 VL 95 IS 10 BP 5700 EP 5705 DI 10.1073/pnas.95.10.5700 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZM977 UT WOS:000073595500053 PM 9576947 ER PT J AU Yeghiayan, SK Gongwer, MA Baldessarini, RJ Kula, NS Zong, R Neumeyer, JL AF Yeghiayan, SK Gongwer, MA Baldessarini, RJ Kula, NS Zong, R Neumeyer, JL TI Local injection of alkylating and nonalkylating dopamine receptor antagonists into rat basal forebrain: autoradiographic assessment of D-2-like and D-3 sites SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE alkylating agent; D-2-like receptor; D-3 receptor; dopamine; EEDQ; 7-OH-DPAT; fluphenazine; autoradiography; accumbens; Islands of Calleja ID 7-OH-DPAT; BINDING; BRAIN AB N-chloroethyl derivatives of 7-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (7-OH-DPAT), 1-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,7-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ), or fluphenazine were microinjected into rat nucleus accumbens (Acc), and receptor binding quantified autoradiographically after 24 h. EEDQ reduced [H-3]nemonapride (D-2-like receptors) binding in Acc (by 84%) and islands of Calleja (IC; 44%), without affecting [H-3](+)-7-OH-DPAT (D-3); N-chloroethyl-7-OH-DPATs blocked both radioligands in Acc and IC (30%-70%); fluphenazine had no effect. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Consolidated Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Program Neurosci, Boston, MA USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, McLean Div, Mailman Res Ctr, Belmont, MA 02178 USA. RP Yeghiayan, SK (reprint author), USA, Nutr & Biochem Div, Environm Med Res Inst, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM syeghiayan@natick-ccmail.army.mil FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-47370, MH-14275, MH-34006] NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAY 11 PY 1998 VL 792 IS 2 BP 324 EP 326 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)00202-9 PG 3 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZU326 UT WOS:000074185500017 PM 9593972 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF AF Shorr, AF TI The rule of double effect SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20302 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20302 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 7 PY 1998 VL 338 IS 19 BP 1389 EP 1390 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZL720 UT WOS:000073463700028 PM 9575059 ER PT J AU Kesavanathan, J Swift, DL AF Kesavanathan, J Swift, DL TI Human nasal passage particle deposition: The effect of particle size, flow rate, and anatomical factors SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INHALED PARTICLES; ACOUSTIC RHINOMETRY; AEROSOL DEPOSITION; TAYLOR CONE; MU-M; DROPLETS; GENERATION; CLEARANCE; AIRWAY; MODEL AB This study determined the effect of particle size, how rate, nostril shape, and nasal passage geometry on nasal particle deposition efficiency (PDE) in ten healthy, nonsmoking adults (seven males, three females). A polydispersed (1-10-mu m diameter) aerosol was drawn by unidirectional flow in through the nose and out through the mouth. Three constant how rates of 15, 25, and 35 l/min were used in this study. The nasal PDE was calculated by measuring size and concentration of aerosol entering the nose (C-in) and exiting the mouth (C-out), and was defined as (C-in - C-out)/C-in for each particle size and flow rate. A mixed nonlinear model was used to fit the PDE to an equation using particle aerodynamic diameter, flow rate, nostril length to width ratio (ellipticity, E), and minimum nasal cross-sectional area (A(min)). Statistical analyses show that all above factors affect particle deposition in the nasal passage. Even after inclusion of the above factors, there remains a large intersubject variation in deposition. Future studies should evaluate the effect of middle and posterior nasal passage geometry on nasal particle deposition. (C) 1998 American Association for Aerosol Research. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Div Environm Hlth Engn, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Kesavanathan, J (reprint author), USA, ERDEC, SCBRD, RTL E3150,5232 Fleming Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 28 IS 5 BP 457 EP 463 DI 10.1080/02786829808965537 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ZH956 UT WOS:000073164900005 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ AF Meffert, JJ TI "Toxic sock" syndrome SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article C1 Reading Hosp & Med Ctr, Reading, PA 19612 USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAY 1 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 9 BP 2215 EP 2216 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZN383 UT WOS:000073640400018 PM 9606311 ER PT J AU Spiller, RJ AF Spiller, RJ TI Overrated & underrated (Most overrated and most underrated American general) SO AMERICAN HERITAGE LA English DT Article C1 US Army Command & General Staff Coll, Fort Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Spiller, RJ (reprint author), US Army Command & General Staff Coll, Fort Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HERITAGE SUBSCRIPTION DEPT PI NEW YORK PA FORBES BUILDING 60 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-8738 J9 AM HERITAGE JI Am. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 49 IS 3 BP 44 EP + PG 0 WC History SC History GA ZJ197 UT WOS:000073189200032 ER PT J AU Vories, A Liening, D AF Vories, A Liening, D TI Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery presenting with pulsatile tinnitus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 1996 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID SERIES; PAIN C1 Womack Army Hosp, Clin Otolaryngol ENT, Otolaryngol Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28357 USA. RP Vories, A (reprint author), Womack Army Hosp, Clin Otolaryngol ENT, Otolaryngol Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28357 USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0196-0709 J9 AM J OTOLARYNG JI Am. J. Otolaryngol. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 19 IS 3 BP 213 EP 215 DI 10.1016/S0196-0709(98)90091-6 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA ZN573 UT WOS:000073659400013 PM 9617936 ER PT J AU Balkissoon, ARA Snyder, CF Basmanian, C AF Balkissoon, ARA Snyder, CF Basmanian, C TI MR imaging of traumatic closed injuries of the biceps brachii muscle in military parachutists SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. Womack Army Hosp, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. RP Balkissoon, ARA (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 170 IS 5 BP 1400 EP 1401 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZJ823 UT WOS:000073257300061 PM 9574630 ER PT J AU Oduola, AMJ Sowunmi, A Milhous, WK Brewer, TG Kyle, DE Gerena, L Rossan, RN Salako, LA Schuster, BG AF Oduola, AMJ Sowunmi, A Milhous, WK Brewer, TG Kyle, DE Gerena, L Rossan, RN Salako, LA Schuster, BG TI In vitro and in vivo reversal of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum with promethazine SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PLASMA-PROTEINS; INVITRO; MALARIA; QUININE; BINDING; CYPROHEPTADINE; ANTAGONISTS; DESIPRAMINE; QUINIDINE; PARASITES AB The effect of combining promethazine with chloroquine was examined against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro in the Aotus-P. falciparum model and in bioassays from volunteers given promethazine. The combination of chloroquine plus promethazine (1 x 10(-6) M) reversed chloroquine resistance in standard P. falciparum clones and patient parasite isolates from Nigeria. The combination reduced the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) for chloroquine against resistant parasites by 32-92%, Coadministration of promethazine with chloroquine also demonstrated a dose-dependent effect in Aotus monkeys infected with chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum. Monkeys were given a chloroquine dose (20 mg/kg of body weight for seven days), which normally has no effect on parasitemia, plus 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg of promethazine/kg of body weight. In one monkey, parasitemia was suppressed at the lowest promethazine dose, but re-treatment with 20 mg/kg resulted in clearance of parasitemia. Initial treatment with chloroquine and 20 or 40 mg/kg of promethazine cleared parasitemia in some animals followed by recrudescence. Retreatment at higher doses cured one monkey and resulted in initial clearance and delayed recrudescence 28 or 63 days after treatment in two monkeys. Recrudescent parasitemia in the two monkeys was low (10 parasites/mu l of blood) and subsequently cleared without re-treatment. An in vitro bioassay model was developed to examine the effects of clinically achievable doses of promethazine on parasites susceptibilities in vitro. Plasma samples taken at hourly intervals from patients given a single oral dose of 25 mg of promethazine decreased the IC50 values for chloroquine by 20-58% with the most significant reductions occurring in plasma obtained from volunteers 3-4 hr after ingestion. Plasma obtained from two volunteers 6 hr after ingestion of the drug demonstrated no effect on chloroquine susceptibility, suggesting that study of the pharmacokinetic disposition and potential interaction is warranted to optimize the dose regimen in patients for antimalarial efficacy. Historic use of this drug combination for treatment or prevention of chloroquine-associated pruritus or as an antiemetic suggest that the combination is safe and effective when used at standard dosages. The results from this study demonstrate that promethazine is a potent modulator of chloroquine resistance. Clinical evaluation of therapeutic regimens is required to validate clinical efficacy of this promising combination for treatment of uncomplicated chloroquine-resistant malaria. C1 Univ Ibadan, Coll Med, Postgrad Inst Med Res & Training, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Ibadan, Nigeria. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Las Vegas, NV 89117 USA. Gorgas Mem Lab, Panama City, Panama. RP Oduola, AMJ (reprint author), Univ Ibadan, Coll Med, Postgrad Inst Med Res & Training, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Ibadan, Nigeria. NR 25 TC 57 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 58 IS 5 BP 625 EP 629 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA ZN155 UT WOS:000073615400016 PM 9598452 ER PT J AU Zalis, MG Pang, L Silveira, MS Milhous, WK Wirth, DF AF Zalis, MG Pang, L Silveira, MS Milhous, WK Wirth, DF TI Characterization of Plasmodium falciparum isolated from the Amazon region of Brazil: Evidence for quinine resistance SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE; PFMDR1 GENE; IN-VITRO; MEFLOQUINE; DRUG; AMPLIFICATION; MALARIA; INVITRO; HALOFANTRINE; SENSITIVITY AB The prevalence and severity of drug-resistant malaria is emerging rapidly in the Amazon basin of Brazil. In support of clinical trials using the new antimalarial drug combination of atovaquone and proguanil, we performed in vitro drug sensitivities, molecular characterization of parasite populations using the circumsporozoite protein, merozoite surface antigen-1 (MSA-1), and MSA-2 markers, and an analysis of the Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance (pfmdr1) gene sequence and copy number in 26 isolates of P. falciparum obtained in a gold-mining endemic area in Peixoto de Azevedo, Mate Grosso State. All 26 isolates were found to be resistant to chloroquine (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 100-620 nM) and sensitive to mefloquine (IC50 < 23 nM) and halofantrine (IC50 < 6 nM). The isolates also show reduced susceptibility to quinine (IC50 = 48-280 nM). Sequence analysis of the pfmdr1 gene revealed Asn, Phe, Cys, Asp, and Tyr in positions 86, 184, 1034, 1042, and 1246, respectively. These point mutations were similar to that previously described in other Brazilian isolates. Southern blot analysis revealed no amplification of the pfmdr1 gene. These results suggest that three different mechanisms for drug resistance exist for chloroquine, mefloquine, and quinine. C1 Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biofis Carlos Chagas Filho, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. US Med Res Unit Brazil, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Zalis, MG (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biofis Carlos Chagas Filho, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RI Silveira, Mariana/M-4865-2013 OI Silveira, Mariana/0000-0002-0496-1517 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-16305] NR 37 TC 97 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 58 IS 5 BP 630 EP 637 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA ZN155 UT WOS:000073615400017 PM 9598453 ER PT J AU Brueckner, RP Lasseter, KC Lin, ET Schuster, BG AF Brueckner, RP Lasseter, KC Lin, ET Schuster, BG TI First-time-in-humans safety and pharmacokinetics of WR 238605, a new antimalarial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VIVAX MALARIA; PRIMAQUINE; 8-AMINOQUINOLINE; PROPHYLAXIS; FALCIPARUM AB WR 238605 is an 8-aminoquinoline drug currently under development for prophylaxis and treatment of malaria. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that it has greater efficacy and less toxicity compared with primaquine. In this first-time-in-human randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study designed to evaluate the safety, tolerance and pharmacokinetics, WR 238605 was administered to 48 men in single oral doses ranging from four to 600 mg (base). It was well tolerated, with gastrointestinal disturbances as possible side effects. Linear kinetics were demonstrated at these doses. WR 238605 has a long absorption phase and is slowly metabolized, with a t(max) of 12 hr and an elimination half-life of 14 days. These safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetic properties make this drug an excellent candidate for further testing as a prophylactic, radical curative, and terminal eradication drug. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Pharm, Dept Biopharmaceut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Clin Pharmacol Associates, Miami, FL 33142 USA. RP Brueckner, RP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 22 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 58 IS 5 BP 645 EP 649 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA ZN155 UT WOS:000073615400019 PM 9598455 ER PT J AU Nwagwu, M Anumudu, CA Sodeinde, O Ologunde, CA Obi, TU Wirtz, RA Gordon, DM Lyon, JA AF Nwagwu, M Anumudu, CA Sodeinde, O Ologunde, CA Obi, TU Wirtz, RA Gordon, DM Lyon, JA TI Identification of a subpopulation of immune Nigerian adult volunteers by antibodies to the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID NATURALLY ACQUIRED ANTIBODIES; MALARIA VACCINE; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; REPETITIVE EPITOPE; EFFICACY TRIAL; AOTUS MONKEYS; SPOROZOITE; PROTECTION; RECOMBINANT; CHILDREN AB Collections of human sera from malaria-endemic areas would be valuable for identifying and characterizing antigens as malaria vaccine candidates if the contributing serum donors' ability to resist infection were fully characterized. We prepared such a serum collection from 26 apparently immune Nigerian adults who failed to develop patent parasitemia for at least 20 weeks following a documented increase in antibodies to the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) from Plasmodium falciparum. Volunteers were evaluated five times per week for malaria symptoms and bimonthly for parasites by examining thick blood smears. The incidence rate over 13 months for the cohort was 42% (47 malaria-confirmed volunteers) and the risk of infection was 1.3 infections/year. Responses to CSP did not correlate with protection. Because antibody responses to antigens other than CSP may be associated with protection, the sera from these immune individuals may be useful for identifying and characterizing other potential malaria vaccine candidates. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Ibadan, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Ibadan, Nigeria. Univ Ibadan, Dept Vet Med, Ibadan, Nigeria. Univ Ibadan, Dept Zool, Cellular Parasitol Programme, Ibadan, Nigeria. RP Lyon, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 46 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 58 IS 5 BP 684 EP 692 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA ZN155 UT WOS:000073615400025 PM 9598461 ER PT J AU Topper, MJ Prasse, KW AF Topper, MJ Prasse, KW TI Chromogenic assays for equine coagulation factors VII, VIII : C, IX, and X, and C1-esterase inhibitor SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-C; HORSES; INFLAMMATION AB Objectives-To adapt manual human chromogenic assays for coagulation factors VII (F.VII), VIII:coagulant (F.VIII:C), IX (F.IX), and X (F.X), and C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) for use with an automated analyzer, and to measure the activity of these proteins in horses. Animals-10 healthy horses were used to determine ranges for the assays. Pooled plasma for standards was collected from an additional 20 healthy horses. Procedure-A computer-assisted analyzer was programmed from the manual method for commercially available human F.VII, F.VIII:C, F.IX, F.X, and C1-INH chromogenic assay kits. Standards were prepared from pooled citrated equine plasma for the F.VII, F.VIII:C, and F.X assays, and from commercial pooled citrated human plasma for F.IX and C1-INH assays. Results-Mean +/- SD activities in citrated equine plasma from 10 horses were 226 +/- 19% for F.VII; 209 +/- 31% for F.VIII:C; 149 +/- 38% for F.IX; 88 +/- 12% for F.X; and 18.4 +/- 8.4% for C1-INH. Intra-assay coefficients of variation (CV) were 5.3% for F.VII; 2.1% for F.VIII:C; and 3.0% for C1-INH. interassay CV were 5.7% for F.VII; 7.4% for F.VIII:C; 3.8% for F.IX; 14.4% for F.X; and 22.0% for C1-INH. Conclusions-Human chromogenic assay kits can be automated and used to measure F.VII, F.VIII:C, F.IX, F.X, and C1-INH activities in citrated equine plasma. Clinical Relevance-Human chromogenic assays can be routinely used to measure F.VII, F.VIII:C, F.IX, F.X, and C1-INH in horses, and may be useful in evaluation of horses with disorders of hemostasis. C1 Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Topper, MJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 59 IS 5 BP 538 EP 541 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 135QL UT WOS:000076814100006 PM 9582952 ER PT J AU Topper, MJ Prasse, KW AF Topper, MJ Prasse, KW TI Analysis of coagulation proteins as acute-phase reactants in horses with colic SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE PROTEIN; SERUM; INFLAMMATION; INTERLEUKIN-6; PATHOGENESIS; FIBRINOLYSIS; PLASMINOGEN; RESPONSES; PATHWAY; SYSTEMS AB Objectives-To measure coagulation factor VIII:coagulant (F.VIII:C) and C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH), hemostasis-associated acute-phase reactant proteins, and coagulation factors VII (F.VII), IX (F.IX), and X (F.X), hemostasis proteins not associated with an acute-phase response, in a select population of horses with colic and hemostasis abnormalities, and presumed to have acute-phase changes. To compare these values and other routine hemostasis test results in the horses with colic with values for a population of healthy horses. To correlate the values of known equine acute-phase reactants, F.VIII:C and fibrinogen, to those of other tests of hemostasis. To identify hemostasis-associated acute-phase reactant proteins and gain insights into the effects the acute-phase response has on hemostatic abnormalities in horses with colic syndrome. Sample Population-54 plasma samples from horses with colic attributable to inflammatory (n = 39) or strangulating (n = 15) intestinal disorders. Procedure-Plasma samples were evaluated for activities of F.VII, F.VIII:C, F.IX, F.X, C1-INH, antithrombin ill, protein C, plasminogen, and alpha(2)-antiplasmin (alpha(2)AP); fibrinogen concentration; and prothrombin (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin (APTT) times. Results-Horses with colic had significantly higher fibrinogen concentration, greater alpha(2)AP and protein C activities, and longer PT and APTT than did healthy horses. Horses with colic also had significantly lower mean F.VII activity than did healthy horses. Significant positive correlations between fibrinogen concentration and F.VIII:C, C1-INH, and alpha(2)AP values, and between F.VIII:C activity and fibrinogen, C1-INH, alpha(2)AP, and plasminogen values were identified. Conclusions-An acute-phase response contributes to changes observed in coagulation proteins in horses with colic attributable to inflammatory and strangulating intestinal disorders. The data suggest that plasminogen, alpha(2)AP, and C1-INH should be considered equine acute-phase proteins. C1 Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Topper, MJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 34 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 59 IS 5 BP 542 EP 545 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 135QL UT WOS:000076814100007 PM 9582953 ER PT J AU North, JH Pack, MS Hong, C Rivera, DE AF North, JH Pack, MS Hong, C Rivera, DE TI Prognostic factors for adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder: An analysis of 162 cases SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article ID INTRAOPERATIVE RADIATION-THERAPY; RADICAL OPERATIONS; PRIMARY-CARCINOMA; RESECTION; CANCER AB Carcinoma of the gallbladder is a rare neoplasm and is associated with a dismal prognosis. To analyze the natural history of this disease and prognostic factors, a large tumor registry database was accessed. During the period 1972 to 1995, 214 patients were entered. Adequate follow-up was available on 162 patients, and this group forms the basis of this review. There were 54 males and 108 females with a median age of 62 years. Median follow-up was 7 months. Right upper quadrant abdominal pain was the most frequent presenting symptom. Fifteen patients had an incidental finding of carcinoma after cholecystectomy. Overall, 5-year survival was 25 per cent, with a median survival time of 9.7 months. Survival was improved for patients with local disease compared with those with regional or metastatic disease. One hundred nine patients underwent surgical therapy. Complete resection was possible in 36 patients, whereas 44 patients had residual disease. Median survival time for patients with no residual disease was 67.2 months, whereas those for patients with microscopic residual tumor and gross residual tumor were 8.9 and 3.8 months, respectively (P < 0.000001). Gallbladder cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and is associated with a poor prognosis. In patients with localized disease, surgical treatment provides the opportunity for long-term survival only when a complete resection can be performed. Prognosis for patients with microscopic residual and gross residual disease is similar. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP North, JH (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 13 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 64 IS 5 BP 437 EP 440 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA ZL310 UT WOS:000073419800014 PM 9585779 ER PT J AU Pellegrino, PM Fell, NF Rosen, DL Gillespie, JB AF Pellegrino, PM Fell, NF Rosen, DL Gillespie, JB TI Bacterial endospore detection using terbium dipicolinate photoluminescence in the presence of chemical and biological materials SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB A determination of the viability of an endospore detection technique using terbium dipicolinate photoluminescence in the presence of other chemical and biological materials was performed. The compounds and organisms examined, possible environmental constituents, covered three broad categories: organic compounds, inorganic compounds, and biological materials. Each substance was tested for a false positive, which occurs if the intrinsic terbium photoluminescence is enhanced in the absence of a bacterial endospore, The detection technique was also investigated for false negatives, which occur if a known positive endospore signal is inhibited significantly. Although several materials may give rise to false negative signals, none caused a false positive signal to be observed. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, IS,EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Phys Sci Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Pellegrino, PM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, IS,EE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 11 TC 75 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 9 BP 1755 EP 1760 DI 10.1021/ac971232s PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA ZL246 UT WOS:000073413400022 PM 21651270 ER PT J AU Ibrahim, MS Lofts, RS Jahrling, PB Henchal, EA Weedn, VW Northrup, MA Belgrader, P AF Ibrahim, MS Lofts, RS Jahrling, PB Henchal, EA Weedn, VW Northrup, MA Belgrader, P TI Real-time microchip PCR for detecting single-base differences in viral and human DNA SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SMALLPOX; GENOME AB This report describes real-time 5' nuclease PCR assays to rapidly distinguish single-base polymorphism using a battery-powered miniature analytical thermal cycling instrument (MATCI). Orthopoxviruses and the human complement component C6 gene sewed as targets to demonstrate the feasibility of using the MATCI for diagnosis of infectious diseases and genetic disorders. In the Orthopoxvirus assay, consensus Orthopoxvirus PCR primers were designed to amplify 266-281 base-pair (bp) segments of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene in camelpox, cowpox, monkeypox, and vaccinia viruses. A vaccinia virus-specific fluorogenic (TaqMan) probe was designed to detect a single-base (A/G) substitution within the HA gene. In the C6 gene assay, a 73-bp segment of the C6 gene was PCR-amplified from human genomic DNA, and TaqMan probes were used to detect a single-base (A/C) polymorphism in the second position of codon 98. The MATCI correctly identified the nucleotide differences in both viral DNA and human genomic DNA, In addition, using a rapid DNA preparation method, it was possible to achieve sample, preparation of human genomic DNA, DNA amplification, and real-time detection in less than 1 h. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Univ Calif Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ibrahim, MS (reprint author), USA, MRIID, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21701 USA. EM sibrahim@detrick.army.mil NR 17 TC 126 Z9 131 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 1998 VL 70 IS 9 BP 2013 EP 2017 DI 10.1021/ac971091u PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA ZL246 UT WOS:000073413400059 PM 9599592 ER PT J AU Myers, KW Katial, RK Engler, RJM AF Myers, KW Katial, RK Engler, RJM TI Probenecid hypersensitivity in AIDS: a case report SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; (S)-1-<3-HYDROXY-2-(PHOSPHONYLMETHOXY)PROPYL>CYTOSINE; CIDOFOVIR; VIRUS AB Background: Cidofovir plus probenecid is a new therapeutic alternative for refractory cytomegalovirus and acyclovir-resistant herpes infections in AIDS patients. Probenecid is used in conjunction with the antiherpetic medication (cidofovir) in order to reduce the incidence of nephrotoxicity by cidofovir. Objective: To present therapeutic alternatives for successful administration of probenecid to AIDS patients who develop a hypersensitivity reaction to the medication. Methods and Results: We describe a patient with AIDS who was being treated with the cidofovir/probenecid combination for a peri-anal acyclovir-resistant herpetic infection. The patient subsequently developed a cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction to probenecid alone. A pretreatment regimen consisting of prednisone, H-1 and H-2 blockers was administered before the dosing of probenecid in order for the patient to continue with the antiviral therapy. Conclusion: Cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions to probenecid may be seen more frequently with the increasing use of cidofovir in AIDS patients. Our pretreatment protocol is one therapeutic alternative to be considered in order to continue with probenecid. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Myers, KW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Bldg 2 Room 1J, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 80 IS 5 BP 416 EP 418 PG 3 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA ZP655 UT WOS:000073775200011 PM 9609613 ER PT J AU Jackson, MR Chang, AS Robles, HA Gillespie, DL Olsen, SB Kaiser, WJ Goff, JM O'Donnell, SD Rich, NM AF Jackson, MR Chang, AS Robles, HA Gillespie, DL Olsen, SB Kaiser, WJ Goff, JM O'Donnell, SD Rich, NM TI Determination of 60% or greater carotid stenosis: A prospective comparison of magnetic resonance angiography and duplex ultrasound with conventional angiography SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ARTERY STENOSIS; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; ENDARTERECTOMY AB The morbidity and cost of conventional angiography (CA) have focused recent efforts in cerebrovascular imaging upon the exclusive use of noninvasive techniques. Our purpose was to prospectively evaluate carotid magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and to compare its accuracy with color-flow duplex (CFD). Fifty patients were prospectively evaluated with CA and MRA after clinical and CFD findings indicated the need for carotid angiography. CFD measurements of peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) were made. MRA results were categorized as 0%-39%, 40%-59%, 60%-79%, or 80%-99% stenosis or occluded. Determination of percent carotid stenosis by CA was made as in the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET). Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, the probability of correctly predicting a greater than or equal to 60% stenosis using various CFD thresholds and MRA was assessed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) in determining greater than or equal to 60% stenosis were estimated. For MRA the sensitivity was 85% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 69%-94%), specificity 70% (CI = 56%-81%), PPV 68% (CI = 53%-80%), and NPV 86% (CI = 72%-94%). For CFD the sensitivity was 89% (GI = 74%-96%), specificity 93% (CI = 82%-98%), PPV 89% (CI = 74%-96%), and NPV 93% (CI = 82%-98%). When MRA and CFD results were concordant (n = 64), the sensitivity was 100% (CI = 89%-100%), specificity 95% (CI = 81%-99%), PPV 94% (CI = 77%-99%), and the NPV was 100% (CI = 92%-100%). The area under the ROC curve for CFD was 95%, compared to 83% for MRA (p = 0.0005). We conclude that the low specificity of MRA precludes its use as the definitive imaging modality for carotid stenosis. The 93% specificity of CFD alone warrants its consideration as a definitive carotid imaging study. By ROC curve analysis, CFD offers superior accuracy to MRA. Our data support noninvasive preoperative carotid imaging for detecting a threshold stenosis of greater than or equal to 60% whether CFD is used alone, or in combination with the selective use of MRA. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Vasc Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Biometr Sect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Neuroradiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Jackson, MR (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Vasc Surg, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. NR 24 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0890-5096 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 12 IS 3 BP 236 EP 243 DI 10.1007/s100169900146 PG 8 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA ZJ182 UT WOS:000073187700007 PM 9588509 ER PT J AU Brueckner, RP Coster, T Wesche, DL Shmuklarsky, M Schuster, BG AF Brueckner, RP Coster, T Wesche, DL Shmuklarsky, M Schuster, BG TI Prophylaxis of Plasmodium falciparum infection in a human challenge model with WR 238605, a new 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID MALARIA AB The prophylactic efficacy of WR 238605, a primaquine analog, was studied with a human Plasmodium falciparum challenge model. A single oral dose of 600 mg, administered 1 day prior to challenge, successfully protected three of four subjects. The fourth subject developed mild, oligosymptomatic malaria on day 31, with drug concentrations one-half of those in the protected individuals. WR 238605 appears to be a promising prophylactic drug for P. falciparum malaria. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Clin Studies Branch, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Brueckner, RP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1293 EP 1294 PG 2 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ZL001 UT WOS:000073388900057 PM 9593172 ER PT J AU Vispute, RD Talyansky, V Sharma, RP Choopun, S Downes, M Venkatesan, T Li, YX Salamanca-Riba, LG Iliadis, AA Jones, KA McGarrity, J AF Vispute, RD Talyansky, V Sharma, RP Choopun, S Downes, M Venkatesan, T Li, YX Salamanca-Riba, LG Iliadis, AA Jones, KA McGarrity, J TI Advances in pulsed laser deposition of nitrides and their integration with oxides SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Laser Ablation (COLA 97) CY JUL 21-25, 1997 CL MONTEREY BAY, CA DE pulsed laser deposition; nitrides; oxides ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; THIN-FILMS; GAN FILMS; ZNO FILMS; SAPPHIRE; GROWTH; SUBSTRATE; LAYERS; INGAN AB Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is emerging as the fastest thin film prototyping tool for a variety of multicomponent ceramic films. There could be significant payoffs in applying this technique for the growth of GaN and related wide bandgap semiconductor films and heterostructures (primarily for their potential applications in optoelectronics and high-temperature high-power electronics), on account of PLD's speed and flexibility. The present work describes the pulsed laser deposition of GaN and other participating electronic and optoelectronic materials such as AlN, TiN, and ZnO on sapphire. A pulsed KrF excimer laser was used for ablation of the sintered stoichiometric GaN, AlN, and TiN targets. The processing parameters such as laser fluence, substrate temperature, background gas pressure, and pulse repetition rate have been optimized for growth of high-quality epitaxial films. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, ion channeling, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and electrical resistivity measurement. We also discuss pulsed laser deposition of multilayer heterostructures of TiN/AlN/TiN (as capacitors for high-temperature electronics), ZnO heteroepitaxy and its integration with GaN for fabrication of novel devices. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Superconduct Res, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL PS DS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Vispute, RD (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM vispute@squid.umd.edu RI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/B-3785-2009; Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013; OI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/0000-0001-8155-6403; Choopun, Supab/0000-0001-8518-9014 NR 39 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 127 BP 431 EP 439 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(97)00668-5 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ZP584 UT WOS:000073768100069 ER PT J AU Sengupta, S Green, SM AF Sengupta, S Green, SM TI Pulsed laser ablation of ferroelectric composites for phased array antenna applications SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Laser Ablation (COLA 97) CY JUL 21-25, 1997 CL MONTEREY BAY, CA DE pulsed laser ablation; ferroelectric; thin films AB Low loss composites have been fabricated in thick and thin film forms for a broad range of frequency applications. The thin film composites of barium strontium titanium oxide (BSTO) have been primarily developed by the pulsed laser ablation (PLA) method. This deposition technique has produced high quality thin films of BSTO composites on various substrates [S. Sengupta, L.C. Sengupta, W.E. Kosik, Pulsed laser deposition of ferroelectric thin films in conjunction with superconducting oxides, IEEE Ca# 94CH3416-5, 431][Analysis of ferroelectric thin films deposited by the pulsed laser deposition method on oxide and fluoride substrates, IEEE Cat# 94CH3416-5, 70][S. Sengupta, D.P. Vijay, S.B. Desu, Thin films of novel ferroelectric composites, Proceedings of MRS, 361, 1995, 545][S. Sengupta, L.C. Sengupta. Novel pyroelectric sensor materials, submitted to the Special Issue on Sensors and Actuators of the IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control]. The objective of this work is to elucidate the PLA deposition parameters of the BSTO composite thin films. The material characterization and the electronic parameters of the thin films will also be presented, Finally, the patterning techniques required to fabricate the BSTO composite thin film phase shifters will be discussed. Some preliminary results of the phase shifter characterization will also be presented. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 ARL WMRD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Neocera, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sengupta, S (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM ME, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM ssengup@arl.mil NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 127 BP 486 EP 490 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(97)00679-X PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA ZP584 UT WOS:000073768100079 ER PT J AU Doyle, RD Smart, RM AF Doyle, RD Smart, RM TI Competitive reduction of noxious Lyngbya wollei mats by rooted aquatic plants SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE competitive exclusion; Lyngbya wollei; algal mat; benthic algae; filamentous algae control; Pontederia cordata; Potamogeton nodosus ID BLUE-GREEN-ALGA; GROWTH; MACROPHYTES; CHEMISTRY; FIXATION; BIRGEI AB Establishment of native emergent or floating-leaved plants appears to offer natural and effective means to minimize the nuisance impacts of the mat-forming cyanobacterium Lyngbya wollei. This research has identified two species (Pontederia cordata and Potamogeton nodosus) which offer the potential for long-term competitive control of nuisance L. wollei mats in shallow waters. Both species significantly impacted the distribution and total mass of L. wollei mats within planted experimental plots compared to adjacent unplanted control plots. The established plants forced a redistribution of the L. wollei biomass within the water column, preventing the formation of the characteristic summertime floating mats, the most objectionable of the many nuisance aspects of this species. In addition, the L. wollei biomass was reduced by more than 50% in planted plots. This reduction in mass may have been related to reduced light and nutrient availability within the vegetated plots. In addition, oxygenation and acidification of the benthic region may have promoted the decomposition and remineralization of the nuisance mat. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75056 USA. RP Doyle, RD (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, RR 3,Box 446, Lewisville, TX 75056 USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 61 IS 1 BP 17 EP 32 DI 10.1016/S0304-3770(98)00060-6 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ZV622 UT WOS:000074324200002 ER PT J AU Maggio, KL Maingi, CP Sau, P AF Maggio, KL Maingi, CP Sau, P TI Subcutaneous emphysema - Air as a cause of disease SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Maggio, KL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 134 IS 5 BP 557 EP 559 DI 10.1001/archderm.134.5.557 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZN158 UT WOS:000073615700002 PM 9606324 ER PT J AU Pasquina, PF Houston, RM Belandres, PV AF Pasquina, PF Houston, RM Belandres, PV TI Beta blockade in the treatment of autonomic dysreflexia: A case report and review SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Review ID SPINAL-CORD INJURY; HYPERREFLEXIA; MANAGEMENT; RESPONSES AB Autonomic dysreflexia has long been considered a sympathetically mediated phenomenon. Recent articles have reported the use of alpha blockers as a means of treatment. We report the case of a 20-year-old C5 American Spinal Injury Association A spinal cord injured patient who almost daily experienced symptoms of headache, facial flushing, and hypertension consistent with autonomic dysreflexia. These symptoms caused him frequent discomfort and anxiety. Despite an extensive workup, we were unable to identify a source of his dysreflexic episodes. After starting metoprolol 50mg every night, however, these episodes stopped and the patient showed no adverse effects from the medication. (C) 1998 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Rehabil Hosp, Washington, DC USA. RP Pasquina, PF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6825 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 79 IS 5 BP 582 EP 584 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90077-6 PG 3 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA ZM198 UT WOS:000073514500019 PM 9596403 ER PT J AU Mahadik, SP Mukherjee, S Scheffer, R Correnti, EE Mahadik, JS AF Mahadik, SP Mukherjee, S Scheffer, R Correnti, EE Mahadik, JS TI Elevated plasma lipid peroxides at the onset of nonaffective psychosis SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Congress of Schizophrenia Research CY APR 06-12, 1995 CL HOT SPRINGS, VIRGINIA DE lipid peroxides; malondialdehyde; oxidative stress; psychosis; schizophrenia; antioxidants ID CT-SCAN ABNORMALITIES; VITAMIN-E TREATMENT; TARDIVE-DYSKINESIA; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE; RAT-BRAIN; SCHIZOPHRENIA; DAMAGE; MALONDIALDEHYDE AB Background: Impaired antioxidant defense and increased lipid peroxidation has been reported in chronic schizophrenic patients, Recently, we have reported an impaired antioxidant defense in never medicated first-episode schizophrenic and schizophreniform patients. We report now a concomitant increase in plasma lipid peroxides, Methods: The plasma lipid peroxides [thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)] were analyzed by chemical and high performance liquid chromatography procedures in 26 patients admitted for a first episode of schizophrenic (N = 17) or schizophreniform psychosis (N = 9) and 16 normal control subjects. The patients had a duration of 4.5 days (SD 2.8) of psychosis at the time of the study, Results: Plasma TBARS levels were significantly higher in the patients than in normal controls (P < .002), TBARS levels were above the normal range in 16 of the 26 patients. Higher TBARS levels were associated with a greater severity of negative symptoms and lower red blood cell activity of the glutathione peroxidase, Conclusions: The findings indicate ongoing oxidative injury at the very onset of psychosis. If valid, this would indicate the need for adjunctive antioxidant treatment from the beginning of the course of nonaffective psychoses. This might prevent a deteriorating course and development of the deficit syndrome. (C) 1998 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Augusta, GA 30904 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Augusta, GA 30904 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Psychiat, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. DD Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Neurol, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Mahadik, SP (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Res Serv 151R, 1 Freedom Way, Augusta, GA 30904 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH46546, MH47002] NR 39 TC 116 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD MAY 1 PY 1998 VL 43 IS 9 BP 674 EP 679 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(97)00282-5 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZK845 UT WOS:000073369600006 PM 9583001 ER PT J AU Loube, D AF Loube, D TI Radiofrequency ablation for sleep-disordered breathing SO CHEST LA English DT Editorial Material ID UVULOPALATOPLASTY; AIRWAY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Pulm Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Loube, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Pulm Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAY PY 1998 VL 113 IS 5 BP 1151 EP 1152 DI 10.1378/chest.113.5.1151-a PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA ZM939 UT WOS:000073591500002 PM 9596282 ER PT J AU Torrington, KG McEvoy, PL AF Torrington, KG McEvoy, PL TI A middle-aged woman with chronic productive cough diagnosed using sputum wet mount examination SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID CHARCOT-LEYDEN CRYSTALS; ULTRASTRUCTURAL-LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN LYSOPHOSPHOLIPASE; CELLS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Area Lab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Torrington, KG (reprint author), 121st Gen Hosp, POB 758, APO, AP 96205 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAY PY 1998 VL 113 IS 5 BP 1411 EP 1414 DI 10.1378/chest.113.5.1411 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA ZM939 UT WOS:000073591500048 PM 9596328 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Lawrence, D Arthur, DC Pettenati, MJ Tantravahi, R Qumsiyeh, M Stamberg, J Davey, FR Schiffer, CA Bloomfield, CD AF Byrd, JC Lawrence, D Arthur, DC Pettenati, MJ Tantravahi, R Qumsiyeh, M Stamberg, J Davey, FR Schiffer, CA Bloomfield, CD TI Patients with isolated trisomy 8 in acute myeloid leukemia are not cured with cytarabine-based chemotherapy: Results from cancer and leukemia group B 8461 SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ACUTE NONLYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; CLASSIFICATION; ABNORMALITIES; KARYOTYPE; THERAPY; IMPACT; ADULTS AB To date, neither the clinical significance of isolated trisomy 8, the most frequent trisomy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), nor the effect of age within a single cytogenetic group has been examined. We report a large cohort of adult trisomy 8 patients and examine whether increasing age within a homogeneous cytogenetic group alters clinical outcome. Characteristics and outcome of patients with isolated trisomy 8 enrolled in the prospective Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) cytogenetic study CALGB 8461 are described. Isolated trisomy 8 was identified in 42 (3.03%) of 1387 patients enrolled in five CALGB treatment protocols. These patients had a median age of 64 (range, 16-79) years, 50% female proportion, and a low frequency of hepatomegaly (10%) or splenomegaly (10%), Laboratory features included a median white blood count of 7.3 x 10(9)/L, nonspecific French-American-British distribution, with 36% of patients having Auer rods. Treatment outcome was unsatisfactory with a complete remission (CR) rate of 59%, median CR duration of 13.6 months, and median survival of 13.1 months, Older age adversely affected outcome; trisomy 8 patients greater than or equal to 60 years had both an inferior CR rate (40% versus 88%; P = 0.004) and overall survival (median, 4.8 versus 17.5 months; P = 0.01), as compared with those <60 years of age. Of the patients <60 years of age, only four remain alive, and all received noncytarabine-based intensive chemotherapy, followed in three cases by autologous (n = 2) or allogeneic (n = 1) stem cell transplant in CR1, Adults with AML and isolated trisomy 8 have a poor outcome that is accentuated by increasing age and is rarely cured with cytarabine-based therapy, Alternative investigational treatments should be considered for individuals with this AML subset. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Canc, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Syracuse Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Ward 78, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA26806]; PHS HHS [26806, 37027] NR 27 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 4 IS 5 BP 1235 EP 1241 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZL982 UT WOS:000073493000019 PM 9607582 ER PT J AU Moreno, AJ Jimenez, CE Maredia, R Shriver, CD Ward, DL Hetz, SP Simcic, KJ AF Moreno, AJ Jimenez, CE Maredia, R Shriver, CD Ward, DL Hetz, SP Simcic, KJ TI Ectopic laryngeal parathyroid adenoma detected by SPECT sestamibi imaging SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE laryngeal; parathyroid; adenoma; sestamibi imaging C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Nucl Med Serv, Dept Med, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Endocrinol, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moreno, AJ (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Nucl Med Serv, Dept Med, 5005 N Piedras St, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 23 IS 5 BP 332 EP 333 DI 10.1097/00003072-199805000-00019 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZK831 UT WOS:000073368100019 PM 9596167 ER PT J AU Goodwin, SD AF Goodwin, SD TI Comparison of body temperatures of goats, horses, and sheep measured with a tympanic infrared thermometer, an implantable microchip transponder, and a rectal thermometer SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MEMBRANE TEMPERATURES; EMERGENCY; CHILDREN; FEVER AB Body temperature of goats, horses, and sheep was measured, using 3 methods. Tympanic temperature was measured with a tympanic infrared thermometer, subcutaneous temperature was measured with an implantable microchip transponder, and rectal temperature was measured with a digital thermometer, For goats, rectal and subcutaneous temperatures were significantly higher than tympanic temperatures, but rectal and subcutaneous temperatures did not differ significantly. For horses and sheep, rectal temperatures were significantly higher than tympanic and subcutaneous temperatures, and tympanic temperatures were significantly higher than subcutaneous temperatures. Tympanic infrared thermometry correlated well with traditional rectal thermometry in goats and sheep and should be considered as a viable alternative in those species, Additionally, implantable microchip transponders in goats could be used, because those temperatures also correlated well with temperatures derived by rectal thermometry, Due to the poor correlation with rectal thermometry and reaction of some animals to insertion of the tympanic probe, neither of the alternative methods appear to be useful in horses at this time, Tympanic infrared thermometers and implantable microchip transponders were convenient to use and allowed temperature measurements to be obtained more rapidly than when rectal thermometers were used. C1 USA, Vet Med Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Goodwin, SD (reprint author), USA, Vet Med Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 41 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CORDOVA PA 70 TIMBERCREEK DR, SUITE 5, CORDOVA, TN 38018 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 37 IS 3 BP 51 EP 55 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 109YX UT WOS:000075352900004 PM 12456161 ER PT J AU Robbins, RG Karesh, WB Painter, RLE Rosenberg, S AF Robbins, RG Karesh, WB Painter, RLE Rosenberg, S TI Ticks of the genus Amblyomma (Acari : Ixodida : Ixodidae) from white-lipped peccaries, Tayassu pecari, in northeastern Bolivia, with comments on host specificity SO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS LA English DT Article AB Adults of the ixodid ticks Amblyomma cajennense, A. naponense, A. oblongoguttatum, and A. pecarium are reported from Bolivian populations of the white-lipped peccary, Tayassu pecari. These are the first published records of A. naponense and A. pecarium from Bolivia. Infestations of the three most numerous tick species on T. pecari are shown to be statistically independent of host age and sex. It is suggested that in some species of Amblyomma, host specificity may manifest itself chiefly at the preimaginal level, diminishing or disappearing in adults. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Robbins, RG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ENTOMOL SOC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1900 BENJ FRANKLIN PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-1195 USA SN 0013-872X J9 ENTOMOL NEWS JI Entomol. News PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 109 IS 3 BP 172 EP 176 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA ZV959 UT WOS:000074359500004 ER PT J AU Larsen, L Adams, J Deal, B Kweon, BS Tyler, E AF Larsen, L Adams, J Deal, B Kweon, BS Tyler, E TI Plants in the workplace - The effects of plant density on productivity, attitudes, and perceptions SO ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article ID SATISFACTION; RECOVERY AB This experiment measures the effects of indoor plants on participants' productivity, attitude toward the workplace, and overall mood in the office environment, In an office randomly altered to include no plants, a moderate number of plants, and a high number of plants, paid participants (N = 81) performed timed productivity tasks and completed a survey questionnaire. Surprisingly, the results of the productivity task showed an inverse linear relationship to the number of plants in the office, but self-reported perceptions of performance increased relative to the number of plants in the office. Consistent with expectations, participants reported higher levels of mood, perceived office attractiveness, and tin some cases) perceived comfort when plants were present than when they were not present. Decreased productivity scores are linked to the influence of positive and negative affect on decision making and cognitive processing. C1 Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. Univ London Birkbeck Coll, Humanities & Cultural Studies Program, London WC1E 7HX, England. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Corps Engineers, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Larsen, L (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. NR 25 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 4 U2 26 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0013-9165 J9 ENVIRON BEHAV JI Environ. Behav. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 30 IS 3 BP 261 EP 281 DI 10.1177/001391659803000301 PG 21 WC Environmental Studies; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Psychology GA ZM047 UT WOS:000073499400001 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM Stotts, RR AF Sciuto, AM Stotts, RR TI Posttreatment with eicosatetraynoic acid decreases lung edema in guinea pigs exposed to phosgene: The role of leukotrienes SO EXPERIMENTAL LUNG RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE phosgene; leukotrienes; TEARS; perfused lung; acetylinic acid ID ARACHIDONIC-ACID; 5,8,11,14-EICOSATETRAYNOIC ACID; POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; HUMAN PLATELETS; INHIBITION; METABOLISM; MECHANISM; RECEPTORS; TOXICITY; CELLS AB Acetylenic acids such as 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA), have been shown to be effective in preventing pulmonary edema formation (PEF). In phosgene-exposed guinea pigs, we examined the effects of ETYA on PEF, measured as real time lung weight gain (lwg). Pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa), airway pressure (Paw), perfusate leukotrienes (LT) C-4/D-4/E-4/B-4, and lung tissue lipid peroxidation (TBARS) were measured using the isolated, buffer-perfused lung model. Guinea pigs were challenged to 175 mg/m(3) (44 ppm) phosgene for 10 minutes giving a concentration x time product of 1750 mg.min/m(3) (437 ppm.min). Five minutes after removal from the exposure chamber, guinea pigs were treated, ip, with 200 mu L of 100 mu M ETYA. 200 mu l of 50 mu M ETYA was added to the perfusate every 40 minutes, beginning at 60 minutes after start of exposure (t = 0). There were four groups in this study: air-treated, phosgene-exposed, ETYA-posttreated + phosgene, and ETYA-posttreated + air ETYA-posttreated + phosgene guinea pigs had significantly lower Ppa (P = .006), Paw (P = .009), and lung (P = .016) compared with phosgene-exposed animals. Phosgene exposure reduced LTB4 compared with air-treated controls (P = .09). ETYA-posttreatment + phosgene had significantly increased perfusate LTB4 (P = .0006) compared with phosgene exposure only group. Total perfusate, LTC4 + LTD4 + LTE4, was not different between phosgene-exposed, air-treated or ETYA-posttreatment + phosgene over time. Posttreatment with ETYA significant lowered TBARS formation, 206 +/- 13 versus 285 +/- 23 nmol/mg protein (P = .016), compared with phosgene-exposed lungs. Paradoxically, ETYA posttreatment decreased PEF and lipid peroxidation, but increased sulfidopeptide LT release from the lung during perfusion. We conclude that LTC4/D-4/E-4, and B-4, may play different roles than previously thought for PEF in the isolated perfused lung model. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MRMC UV PN, Neurotoxicol Branch,Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sciuto, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MRMC UV PN, Neurotoxicol Branch,Div Pharmacol, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 USA SN 0190-2148 J9 EXP LUNG RES JI Exp. Lung Res. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 24 IS 3 BP 273 EP 292 PG 20 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA ZT331 UT WOS:000074074100004 PM 9635251 ER PT J AU Satapathy, G Kumara, SRT Moore, LM AF Satapathy, G Kumara, SRT Moore, LM TI Distributed intelligent architecture for logistics (DIAL) SO EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB An ideal logistics problem is considered as a network how problem which generates a logistics plan and subsequently executes the plan. A real-world logistics plan is different from its ideal counterpart modeled as a network flow problem in the sense that each node of the logistics graph is operated independently with disparate objectives. In contrast to the nodes of a network flow problem, agents are considered as software entities which embody elegant reasoning ability to justify their own actions towards individual objectives, and also interact with other agents. Hence, a group of agents or a multiagent system is best suited to solve real-world logistics problems with each agent representing a node of the graph. We have built a three-tier framework where a customer's problem can be decomposed and assigned to all the agents which together generate a logistics plan. We employ two simulation software as planning tools which enable us to simulate appropriate events. The key ideas behind this paper are large-scale multiagent architectural modeling issues (scalability), computation task control, information sharing among several customers, and a problem solving procedure before the planning process. The problem solving procedure is considered as determining the computational tasks required to be invoked to initiate the planning process. We describe the implementation of the framework. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Ind & Mfg Engn, Intelligent Design & Diagnost Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Logist Integrat Agcy, New Cumberland, PA 17070 USA. RP Kumara, SRT (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Ind & Mfg Engn, Intelligent Design & Diagnost Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0957-4174 J9 EXPERT SYST APPL JI Expert Syst. Appl. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 14 IS 4 BP 409 EP 424 DI 10.1016/S0957-4174(98)00001-3 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 100AU UT WOS:000074792400001 ER PT J AU Hooper, RS Galvin, TP Kilmer, RA Liebowitz, J AF Hooper, RS Galvin, TP Kilmer, RA Liebowitz, J TI Use of an expert system in a personnel selection process SO EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB The purpose of this study was to begin the development and testing of an Expert System (ES) to screen officer personnel records being considered for Command and General Staff College (CGSC). The study included a review of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) literature relevant to the military and human resource management, problem selection, knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation, knowledge encoding, and knowledge testing and evaluation. The Al computer language PROLOG was used to develop a basic rule-based expert system called BOARDEX, Data from mock ofticer personnel records obtained from U.S. Army Total Personnel Command (PERSCOM) were entered into BOARDEX. Results from BOARDEX were correlated to votes generated by a board consisting of 10 human experts from the U.S. Army War College Class of 1996. The results show that BOARDEX's decisions are not statistically different from the decisions made by human experts. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 US Army War Coll, Ctr Strateg Leadership, Carlisle Barracks, PA 17013 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Schoefield Barracks, HI 96857 USA. Def Informat Syst Agcy, US Cent Command Field Off Forward, Eskan Village, Saudi Arabia. George Washington Univ, Dept Management Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Kilmer, RA (reprint author), US Army War Coll, Ctr Strateg Leadership, Carlisle Barracks, PA 17013 USA. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0957-4174 J9 EXPERT SYST APPL JI Expert Syst. Appl. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 14 IS 4 BP 425 EP 432 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 100AU UT WOS:000074792400002 ER PT J AU Dowling, JP AF Dowling, JP TI The classical Lamb shift: Why Jackson is wrong! SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS; INTERFACE AB I provide here a classical calculation of the Lamb shift; that is of the same order of magnitude as the quantum Bethe result. This contradicts Jackson's claim that a classical calculation can not get the Lamb shift right - even to within an order of magnitude. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Weap Sci Directorate,AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Dowling, JP (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Weap Sci Directorate,AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RI DOWLING, JONATHAN/L-2749-2013 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0015-9018 J9 FOUND PHYS JI Found. Phys. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 28 IS 5 BP 855 EP 862 DI 10.1023/A:1018862206771 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA ZZ554 UT WOS:000074741800012 ER PT J AU van Deursen, RWM Flynn, TW McCrory, JL Morag, E AF van Deursen, RWM Flynn, TW McCrory, JL Morag, E TI Does a single control mechanism exist for both forward and backward walking? SO GAIT & POSTURE LA English DT Article DE forward and backward walking; gait control; central pattern generators ID HUMANS; VERTEBRATES; LOCOMOTION; PATTERNS AB It has been proposed that the highly reproducible forward walking (FW) locomotor pattern is generated by a central neuronal program or central pattern generator (CPG) which provides the underlying mechanism which produces the coordinated walking movement. The purpose of this study was to quantify the differences in the muscular activation patterns during FW and backward walking (BW) at a constant step frequency and to determine if common features exist across both locomotor conditions. The hypothesis was that FW and BW are both mediated by the same CPG; therefore, only small modifications in the CPG are required in order to produce the different characteristics of each walking mode. The results noted kinematically reversed patterns at the hip and ankle joints between FW and BW. The knee joint movement pattern was similar between conditions, however, a phase shift of 14.3% of the gait cycle occurred. An approximately 25% phase shift in the muscle activation patterns existed between FW and BW in four of the six muscles studied. Additionally, a pattern recognition technique was applied to the combined EMG signals to determine the minimum number of features required to generate the measured muscular output. Only two main features were necessary to produce the EMG patterns for both the FW and BW condition. The main features in FW were more consistent than noted in BW. The results support the notion that a single spinal mechanism such as a CPG with two main features appears to be in control during both FW and BW. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Ctr Locomot Studies, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Baylor Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys Therapy & Exercise Sci, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. Wingate Inst, Zinman Coll Phys Educ & Sport Sci, IL-42902 Nethanya, Israel. RP van Deursen, RWM (reprint author), Univ Wales Coll Med, Dept Physiotherapy Educ, Heath Pk, Cardiff CF4 4XN, S Glam, Wales. OI van Deursen, Robert/0000-0002-9461-0111 NR 19 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0966-6362 J9 GAIT POSTURE JI Gait Posture PD MAY PY 1998 VL 7 IS 3 BP 214 EP 224 DI 10.1016/S0966-6362(98)00007-1 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA ZY043 UT WOS:000074580900004 ER PT J AU Lawitz, E Kadakia, SC AF Lawitz, E Kadakia, SC TI Utility of preoperative fiberoptic flexible sigmoidoscopy in the evaluation of patients with suspected gynecologic malignancy SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID CANCER AB Background: Fiberoptic flexible sigmoidoscopy (FFS) is routinely requested preoperatively as part of evaluation of pelvic masses to exclude colonic involvement by the tumor or concurrent colonic neoplasm. The aim of our study was to evaluate the utility of preoperative FFS in patients with suspected gynecologic malignancy. Methods: FFS, performed using a 60 cm sigmoidoscope, evaluated (1) presence of bowel involvement by the tumor, (2) extrinsic compression by the tumor, and (3) presence of colonic neoplasms. FFS findings were correlated with; surgical findings. Results: A total of 107 women underwent preoperative FFS and subsequent surgery. Eleven patients (11%) had lower gastrointestinal symptoms. At surgery, 63% of pelvic tumors were malignant and 37% were benign. The most common abnormality at FFS was colonic polyps in 23 patients (21%). Colonic adenomas were found in 11 patients (10%). Extrinsic compression by the tumor without mucosal abnormalities was seen in 15 patients (14%). The most common intraoperative finding was tumor adhering to the bowel in 18 patients requiring dissection, but only 1 patient required bowel resection. Eight of these 18 patients had preoperative lower gastrointestinal symptoms. All 15 patients with extrinsic compression at FFS had tumor adhering to the bowel. Conclusions: Pelvic masses cause extrinsic compression at FFS in 14% of patients. This is suggestive of tumor adherent to the bowel at surgery. However, bowel resection is rarely required because of tumor involvement. Most patients with bowel adherence by tumor have lower gastrointestinal symptoms. Colonic adenomas are found in one tenth of patients, mostly in patients older than 50 years of age. Preoperative FFS does not change the surgical management of pelvic tumors. Screening FFS is indicated in all patients with pelvic tumors over age 50, as in persons with average risk, but is otherwise unnecessary in evaluation of pelvic masses. C1 USA, Serv Gastroenterol, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Med Corps, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kadakia, SC (reprint author), USA, Serv Gastroenterol, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Med Corps, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 47 IS 5 BP 350 EP 353 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(98)70217-2 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZM286 UT WOS:000073523300004 PM 9609425 ER PT J AU Brown, LJ Meyn, SP Weber, RA AF Brown, LJ Meyn, SP Weber, RA TI Adaptive dead-time compensation with application to a robotic welding system SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptive control; dead-time compensation; process control; robotic welding; stochastic control ID LEAST-SQUARES; IDENTIFICATION; CONVERGENCE AB The paper proposes a paradigm for control design suitable for poorly modeled plants with significant dead-time. An adaptive dead-time compensator is developed which is substantially different to the standard Smith predictor, and more generally applicable in practice. A framework is developed for selecting the controller parameters using now standard design techniques such as mu-synthesis. It is argued that adaptation allows for exact set point matching without the need for integration in the control law. Stability and convergence results are established for the resulting closed-loop system equations. The proposed adaptive dead-time compensator is compared with a standard robust controller, and an adaptive pole placement controller through experiments on a gas metal are welding testbed. C1 Univ Illinois, Coordinated Sci Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Labs, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Brown, LJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Coordinated Sci Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1063-6536 J9 IEEE T CONTR SYST T JI IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 6 IS 3 BP 335 EP 349 DI 10.1109/87.668035 PG 15 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA ZJ746 UT WOS:000073248800003 ER PT J AU Chang, CI Zhao, XL Althouse, MLG Pan, JJ AF Chang, CI Zhao, XL Althouse, MLG Pan, JJ TI Least squares subspace projection approach to mixed pixel classification for hyperspectral images SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE classification; detection; hyperspectral image; oblique subspace projection classifier (OBC); orthogonal subspace projection (OSP); receiver operating characteristics (ROC); signature space orthogonal projection classifier (SSC); target signature space orthogonal projection classifier (TSC) ID ERROR; SPECTROSCOPY AB An orthogonal subspace projection (OSP) method using linear mixture modeling was recently explored in hyperspectral image classification and has shown promise in signature detection, discrimination, and classification. In this paper, the OSP is revisited and extended by three unconstrained least squares subspace protection approaches, called signature space OSP, target signature space OSP, and oblique subspace projection, where the abundances of spectral signatures are not known a priori hut need to be estimated, a situation to which the OSP cannot be directly applied, The proposed three subspace projection methods can be used not only to estimate signature abundance, but also to classify a target signature at subpixel scale so as to achieve subpixel detection. As a result, they can be viewed as a posteriori OSP as opposed to OSP, which can be thought of as a priori OSP, In order to evaluate these three approaches, their associated least squares estimation errors are cast as a signal detection problem in the framework of the Neyman-Pearson detection theory so that the effectiveness of their generated classifiers can be measured by characteristics (ROC) analysis, All results are demonstrated by computer simulations and Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Remote Sensing Signal & Image Proc Lab, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, SCBRD, RTE, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Chang, CI (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Remote Sensing Signal & Image Proc Lab, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM cchang@umbc2.umbc.edu NR 22 TC 143 Z9 155 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAY PY 1998 VL 36 IS 3 BP 898 EP 912 DI 10.1109/36.673681 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA ZM593 UT WOS:000073555700019 ER PT J AU Kehtarnavaz, N Griswold, N Miller, K Lescoe, P AF Kehtarnavaz, N Griswold, N Miller, K Lescoe, P TI A transportable neural-network approach to autonomous vehicle following SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE autonomous vehicle following; intelligent transportation systems; neural-network controller; unmanned vehicles ID NAVIGATION; VISION AB This paper presents the development and testing of a neural-network module for autonomous vehicle following. Autonomous vehicle following is defined as a vehicle changing its own steering and speed while following a lead vehicle. The strength of the developed controller is that no characterization of the vehicle dynamics is needed to achieve autonomous operation. As a result, it can be transported to any vehicle regardless of the nonlinear and often unobservable dynamics. Data for the range and heading angle of the lead vehicle were collected for various paths while a human driver performed the vehicle following control function. The data was collected for different driving maneuvers including straight paths, lane changing, and right/left turns. Two time-delay backpropagation neural networks were then trained based on the data collected under manual control-one network for speed control and the other for steering control, After training, live vehicle following runs were done under the neural-network control. The results obtained indicate that it is feasible to employ neural networks to perform autonomous vehicle following. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USA, Tank Automot Command, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Kehtarnavaz, N (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 15 TC 23 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9545 J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 47 IS 2 BP 694 EP 702 DI 10.1109/25.669106 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA ZM743 UT WOS:000073571400030 ER PT J AU Turbyfill, KR Mertz, MA Mallett, CP Oaks, EV AF Turbyfill, KR Mertz, MA Mallett, CP Oaks, EV TI Identification of epitope and surface-exposed domains of Shigella flexneri invasion plasmid antigen D (IpaD) SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; RHESUS-MONKEYS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PROMOTES ENTRY; PROTEINS; SECRETION; INFECTION AB Transport and surface expression of the invasion plasmid antigens (Ipa proteins) is an essential trait in the pathogenicity of Shigella spp, In addition to the type III protein secretion system encoded by the mxi/spa loci on the large virulence plasmid, transport of IpaB and IpaC into the surrounding medium is modulated by IpaD. To characterize the structural topography of IpaD, the Geysen epitope-mapping system was used to identify epitopes recognized by surface-reactive monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies produced against purified recombinant IpaD or synthetic IpaD peptides. Surface-exposed epitopes of IpaD were confined to the first 180 amino acid residues, whereas epitopes in the carboxyl-terminal half were not exposed on the Shigella surface. By using convalescent-phase sera from 10 Shigella flexneri-infected monkeys, numerous epitopes were mapped within a surface-exposed region of IpaD between amino acid residues 14 and 77. Epitopes were also identified in the carboxyl-terminal half of IpaD with a few convalescent-phase sera. Comparison of IpaD epitope sequences with Salmonella SipD sequences indicated that very similar epitopes may exist in the carboxyl-terminal region of each protein whereas the IpaD epitopes in the surface-exposed amino-terminal region were unique for the Shigella protein, Although the IpaD and SipD homologs may play similar roles in transport, the dominant serum antibody response to IpaD is against the unique region of this protein exposed on the surface of the pathogen. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Oaks, EV (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 33 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 66 IS 5 BP 1999 EP 2006 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZL243 UT WOS:000073413100028 PM 9573082 ER PT J AU Kurt, EM Schafer, RJ Arroyo, CM AF Kurt, EM Schafer, RJ Arroyo, CM TI Effects of sulfur mustard on cytokines released from cultured human epidermal keratinocytes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HD; interleukin-1; interleukin-6; interleukin-8; keratinocytes; sulfur mustard; TNF-alpha ID INTERLEUKIN-1-ALPHA; INFLAMMATION AB The release of the cytokines interleukin. (IL)-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) was measured from epidermal keratinocytes in an attempt to characterize the immunologic response in keratinocytes following exposure to bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide (sulfur mustard, HD). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure cytokine Levels in adult and neonatal culture human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK) 3 h after exposure to 0.50 and 1.0 mM HD. A two-way analysis of variance was carried out for cell type and HD concentration. That analysis showed significant differences between cell types for IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta (p = .001 and p = .015, respectively). In both of these cytokines, release in neonatal HEK decreased Less than in adult HEK. A significant effect of HD concentration was shown only for IL-1 beta (p < .001), with cytokine release decreasing with increasing HD dose. In addition, a significant cell donor type by HD concentration interaction effect was found for IL-1 beta under the experimental conditions described in materials and methods. With increasing HD concentration, the relative decrease in cytokine release was much greater for adult than for neonatal HEK. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Arroyo, CM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 17 IS 3 BP 223 EP 229 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA ZP646 UT WOS:000073774300002 ER PT J AU Kisin, MV Stroscio, MA Belenky, G Gorfinkel, VB Luryi, S AF Kisin, MV Stroscio, MA Belenky, G Gorfinkel, VB Luryi, S TI Effects of interface phonon scattering in three-interface heterostructures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-WELLS; WAVE-FUNCTION; MICROSCOPIC CALCULATION; FROHLICH INTERACTION; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; KANE MODEL; TRANSITIONS; RELAXATION; LASERS AB A detailed study of the electron-optical-phonon interaction in an asymmetric one-well/one-barrier heterostructure is given. Dispersion relations and phonon potential distributions for interface phonon modes are derived in the framework of the macroscopic dielectric continuum model. It is found that for intrawell relaxation processes the sum of the scattering rates by all interface polar-optical phonon modes is approximately independent of the width of the barrier layer. Consequently, a simplified Hamiltonian for electron-phonon interaction in a single quantum well can be used for scattering rate calculation in multiple heterointerface structures. The combined scattering rates by interface and confined phonon modes are compared with the results obtained in an idealized model using the bulklike phonon spectrum. The practical invalidity of the latter approximation is shown for electron kinetic energies comparable with the typical energy of optical phonons in the heterostructure. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Belenky, G (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 9 BP 4816 EP 4822 DI 10.1063/1.367276 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ZM292 UT WOS:000073523900040 ER PT J AU Eisenhauer, MD Wicks, AB Olson, JP Heric, B AF Eisenhauer, MD Wicks, AB Olson, JP Heric, B TI Prevalence of aortocoronary graft marker use and the factors affecting this decision SO JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID IMPACT AB Background: Despite quantifiable evidence that aortocoronary graft marker (ACGM) insertion is associated with a beneficial impact at postoperative angiography, the choice whether or not to insert them at the time of bypass surgery remains optional. Methods: A onetime anonymous membership survey of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons was used to determine the prevalence of ACGM use and obtain demographic data regarding (1) the type of ACGM inserted, (2) reasons influencing the decision as to whether or not to use ACGMs, and (3) the occurrence of possible related complications. Results: Thirty-nine percent (1,405 of 3,558) and 37% (198 of 531) were returned from within and outside the Unites States, respectively. Sixty percent of US respondents routinely insert ACGMs in the majority of their individual cases. The most frequent reason to not insert ACGMs was a "lack of perceived benefit." Conclusions: The majority of respondents practicing within the United States routinely insert ACGMs at the time of surgery. As no complication directly attributable to the use of graft markers has been reported, further study is warranted to determine the actual complication rate, although it is expected to be low. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Eisenhauer, MD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Attn MCHE-MDC, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU FUTURA PUBL CO PI ARMONK PA 135 BEDFORD RD, PO BOX 418, ARMONK, NY 10504-0418 USA SN 0886-0440 J9 J CARDIAC SURG JI J. Card. Surg. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 3 BP 194 EP 199 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Surgery GA 222WQ UT WOS:000081808700007 PM 10193990 ER PT J AU Bracuti, AJ AF Bracuti, AJ TI Crystal structure of 4,5-dinitroimidazole (45DNI) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE aromatic molecules; energetic molecules; nitroimidazoles; oxidizers; propellants AB A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study verified that the target oxidizer molecule, 4,5-dinitroimidazole (45DNI), had been synthesized. Some structural features of 45DNI are discussed and compared with those of 1,4-dinitroimidazole and 2,4 di nitroimidazole. 45DNI crystallizes with two crystallographical ly unique molecules in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n (#14) with unit-cell parameters a = 11.5360(8) Angstrom, b = 9.071(1) Angstrom, c = 11.822(1) Angstrom, beta' = 107.640(6)degrees, Z = 8, and has a density of 1.781 g/cm(3). The molecular packing consists of infinite one-dimensional chains of 45DNI molecules approximately oriented in the ac direction which are linked by two different hydrogen bonds, [N(1)--H(1)... N(31) and N(11)-H(11)... N(3)]. In the lateral directions the chains are held together by molecular forces. C1 USA, ARDEC, Energet & Warheads Div, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Bracuti, AJ (reprint author), USA, ARDEC, Energet & Warheads Div, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RI G, Neela/H-3016-2014 NR 11 TC 20 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1074-1542 J9 J CHEM CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Chem. Crystallogr. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 28 IS 5 BP 367 EP 371 DI 10.1023/A:1022412208854 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Spectroscopy SC Crystallography; Spectroscopy GA 121JY UT WOS:000076011500007 ER PT J AU Gaydos, CA Howell, MR Quinn, TC Gaydos, JC McKee, KT AF Gaydos, CA Howell, MR Quinn, TC Gaydos, JC McKee, KT TI Use of ligase chain reaction with urine versus cervical culture for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in an asymptomatic military population of pregnant and nonpregnant females attending Papanicolaou smear clinics SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RISK-FACTORS; INFECTION; WOMEN; SPECIMENS; DIAGNOSIS; PREVALENCE; ASSAY; MEN AB Ligase chain reaction (LCR) (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Ill.) with first-catch urine specimens was used to detect Chlamydia trachomatis infections in 465 asymptomatic military women attending clinics for routine Papanicolaou smear tests. Results were compared to results of cervical culture to determine the sensitivity of the urine LCR and the possible presence of inhibitors of amplification in pregnant and nonpregnant women. Discrepant results for LCR and culture were resolved by direct fluorescent antibody staining of culture sediments, two different PCR assays, and LCR for the outer membrane protein 1 gene. The prevalence of Chlamydia in specimens by urine LCR was 7.3% compared to 5% by culture. For 434 women with matching specimens, there were 11 more specimens positive by LCR than were positive by culture, of which all but one were determined to be true positives. There were four culture-positive, LCR-negative specimens, all from nonpregnant women. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of urine LCR after discrepant results were resolved were 88.6, 99.7, 96.9, and 99.0%, respectively. The sensitivity of culture was 71.4%. From the 148 pregnant women (prevalence by LCR, 6.8%), there were no patients who were cervical culture positive and urine LCR-negative to indicate the presence in pregnant women of inhibitors of LCR. Additionally, a subset of 55 of the LCR-negative frozen urine specimens from pregnant women that had been previously processed in LCR buffer were inoculated with 5 cell culture inclusion forming units of C. trachomatis each and retested by LCR; all tested positive, indicating the absence of inhibitors of LCR in urine from these pregnant women. The use of LCR testing of urine specimens from asymptomatic women, whether pregnant or not, offers a sensitive and easy method to detect C. trachomatis infection in women. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Womac Army Med Ctr, Prevent Med Serv, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Gaydos, CA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Infect Dis, 1159 Ross Res Bldg,720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010 NR 37 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1300 EP 1304 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA ZJ084 UT WOS:000073177900026 PM 9574695 ER PT J AU Weiss, RB Freiman, J Kweder, SL Diehl, LF Byrd, JC AF Weiss, RB Freiman, J Kweder, SL Diehl, LF Byrd, JC TI Hemolytic anemia after fludarabine therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOPHOSPHATE; AGENT; 2-CHLORODEOXYADENOSINE; CHLORAMBUCIL; PATIENT AB Purpose: A report of the clinical features, treatment, and outcome of patients who developed hemolytic anemia (HA) temporally associated with fludarabine (Fludara; Berlex Laboratories, Richmond, CA) therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Patients and Methods: Data on 24 patients who developed HA related to fludarabine therapy were collected from the Spontaneous Reporting System of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Walter Reed Army Medical Center (Washington, DC). Results: Seventeen (71%) patients developed HA after either the first, second, or third cycle of this drug. The longest duration of fludarabine therapy before HA occurred was six cycles. The median decline in hematocrit from baseline during the hemolytic episode was 14.1 (range, 8.0 to 28.9) for the 18 patients for whom this information was available. For the 11 patients for wham transfusion requirements were known, the number of transfusions administered ranged between three and 36. Seven (29%) patients died of medical complications associated with the HA. Seven of eight patients who were re-challenged with fludarabine after an episode of HA developed recurrent HA, and three of these patients died. Conclusion: HA associated with fludarabine therapy appears to be uncommon, but it can be severe and fatal, especially if a patient is re-treated with this drug after a previous episode of HA. The mechanism of this toxicity is unknown, but it may be caused by the release of a suppressed auto-antibody to a native red cell antigen. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Vincent T Lombardi Canc Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM rayweissmd@aol.com NR 26 TC 66 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1885 EP 1889 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZL271 UT WOS:000073415900034 PM 9586905 ER PT J AU Lee, PP Hwu, RJ Sadwick, LP Balasubramaniam, H Kumar, BR Alvis, R Lareau, RT Wood, MC AF Lee, PP Hwu, RJ Sadwick, LP Balasubramaniam, H Kumar, BR Alvis, R Lareau, RT Wood, MC TI Epitaxial growth and characterization of DyP/GaAs, DyAs/GaAs, and GaAs/DyP/GaAs heterostructures SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE DyP; DyAs; MBE growth; rare earth group V compound; semi-metal ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GAAS; CONTACTS AB There is a significant interest in the area of improving high temperature stable contacts to III-V semiconductors. Two attractive material systems that offer promise in this area are dysprosium phosphide/gallium arsenide (DyP/GaAs) and dysprosium arsenide/gallium arsenide (DyAs/GaAs). Details of epitaxial growth of DyP/GaAs and DyAs/GaAs by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), and their characterization by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, Hall measurements, and high temperature current-voltage measurements is reported. DyP is lattice matched to GaAs, with a room temperature mismatch of less than 0.01% and is stable in air with no sign of oxidation, even after months of ambient exposure. Both DyP and DyAs have been grown by solid source MBE using custom designed group V thermal cracker cells and group III high temperature effusion cells. High quality DyP and DyAs epilayer were consistently obtained for growth temperatures ranging from 500 to 600 degrees C with growth rates between 0.5 and 0.7 mu m/h. DyP epilayers are n-type with electron concentrations of 3 x 10(20) to 4 x 10(20) cm(-3), room temperature mobilities of 250 to 300 cm(2)/V.s, and a barrier height of 0.81 eV to GaAs. DyAs epilayers are also n-type with carrier concentrations of 1 x 10(21) to 2 x 10(21) cm(-3), and mobilities between 25 and 40 cm(2)/V.s. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn & Elect Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Adv Micro Devices Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Lee, PP (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn & Elect Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 27 IS 5 BP 405 EP 408 DI 10.1007/s11664-998-0168-2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA ZN091 UT WOS:000073608700003 ER PT J AU Rollins, KM Evans, MD Diehl, NB Daily, WD AF Rollins, KM Evans, MD Diehl, NB Daily, WD TI Smear modulus and damping relationships for gravels SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS; ROCKFILL MATERIALS AB Two of the most important parameters in any dynamic analysis involving soils are the shear modulus and the damping ratio. Because both shear modulus and damping are strain dependent, curves must be developed to define their variation with shear strain. Fifteen studies (including this one) now provide results from tests on a wide variety of gravels. This paper combines the results of available investigations to develop best-fit relationships between (1) shear wave velocity and equivalent N-60 from Becker penetration tests; (2) normalized shear modulus and shear strain; and (3) damping ratio and shear strain. The mean curve for the normalized shear modulus reported for gravelly soil in this study falls near the mean curve reported for sands by Seed and Idriss (1970). The normalized shear modulus curve is dependent on confining pressure, but essentially independent of sample disturbance, relative density, and gradation. The mean damping ratio curve falls toward the lower range of the data reported by Seed and Idriss (1970). The damping ratio curve is dependent on confining pressure but essentially independent of other factors. C1 Brigham Young Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Horrocks Engrs, Amer Fork, UT 84003 USA. Locus Technol, Mt View, CA 94043 USA. RP Rollins, KM (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 368 CB, Provo, UT 84602 USA. NR 31 TC 123 Z9 133 U1 1 U2 9 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 124 IS 5 BP 396 EP 405 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1998)124:5(396) PG 10 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA ZJ389 UT WOS:000073210100004 ER PT J AU Ravikrishna, R Valsaraj, KT Yost, S Price, CB Brannon, JM AF Ravikrishna, R Valsaraj, KT Yost, S Price, CB Brannon, JM TI Air emissions from exposed, contaminated sediment and dredged materials - 2. Diffusion from laboratory-spiked and aged field sediments SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE sediment; air emissions; soil gas transport ID SOILS; ADSORPTION; SORPTION; VAPORS AB The mass transfer of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene) and a heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (dibenzofuran) from sediment to air was studied in a large-area flux chamber. A laboratory-spiked local (University Lake, UL) sediment and an aged contaminated field (Indiana Harbor Canal, IHC) sediment was used. The effects of initial sediment moisture content, and changing air relative humidity were investigated. For high moisture conditions in the UL sediment, the flux remained large whereas for low moisture conditions, there was a sharp decrease in flux as a result of surface drying of the sediment. Under similar air velocities and moisture conditions, the flux from the aged MC sediment was considerably smaller than from the laboratory-spiked UL sediment. Whereas, the flux from laboratory-spiked UL sediment was predicted satisfactorily by a conceptual mathematical model, that from the aged IHC sediment did not agree with the model predictions. It was concluded that only a portion of the contaminant was available for desorption from the aged sediment due to the differences in the sorption characteristics of relatively fresh and aged contaminated sediments. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39181 USA. RP Valsaraj, KT (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD MAY 1 PY 1998 VL 60 IS 1 BP 89 EP 104 DI 10.1016/S0304-3894(97)00157-X PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ZP008 UT WOS:000073706200006 ER PT J AU Geldert, DA Gulliver, JS Wilhelms, SC AF Geldert, DA Gulliver, JS Wilhelms, SC TI Modeling dissolved gas supersaturation below spillway plunge pools SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB Excessive supersaturation of dissolved gases, primarily nitrogen and oxygen, can cause gas bubble disease, and eventual mortality, in fish. This potential threat is currently a concern in efforts to aid anadromous fish survival in the northwestern United States. In an effort to better understand dissolved gas supersaturation and assist in its mitigation, physically based relationships have been expanded and developed to predict dissolved gas supersaturation below spillways. This paper discusses the predictive technique as applied to the dissolved gas supersaturation that occurs because of the stilling basin and the river reaches immediately downstream of the structure. Gas transfer across both the water surface and the bubble interface are considered. Extensive field data from three spillways on the Columbia and Snake Rivers is used to fit coefficients that the predictive relationships require. The inclusion of more physically based parameters will allow for the evaluation of the operation and design of the structures and may provide insight for efforts to mitigate high dissolved gas concentrations downstream of such structures. C1 Robert E Meyer Consultants, Beaverton, OR 97005 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, St Anthony Falls Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Geldert, DA (reprint author), Robert E Meyer Consultants, Beaverton, OR 97005 USA. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 7 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD MAY PY 1998 VL 124 IS 5 BP 513 EP 521 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1998)124:5(513) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA ZH949 UT WOS:000073164100009 ER PT J AU Clements-Mann, ML Weinhold, K Matthews, TJ Graham, BS Gorse, GJ Keefer, MC McElrath, MJ Hsieh, RH Mestecky, J Zolla-Pazner, S Mascola, J Schwartz, D Siliciano, R Corey, L Wright, PF Belshe, R Dolin, R Jackson, S Xu, S Fast, P Walker, MC Stablein, D Excler, JL Tartaglia, J Duliege, AM Sinangil, F Paoletti, E AF Clements-Mann, ML Weinhold, K Matthews, TJ Graham, BS Gorse, GJ Keefer, MC McElrath, MJ Hsieh, RH Mestecky, J Zolla-Pazner, S Mascola, J Schwartz, D Siliciano, R Corey, L Wright, PF Belshe, R Dolin, R Jackson, S Xu, S Fast, P Walker, MC Stablein, D Excler, JL Tartaglia, J Duliege, AM Sinangil, F Paoletti, E CA NIAID AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Grp TI Immune responses to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 induced by canarypox expressing HIV-1(MN) gp120, HIV-1(SF2) recombinant gp120, or both vaccines in seronegative adults SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Institute-of-Human-Virology CY SEP, 1996 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Inst Human Virol ID T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; PASSIVE-IMMUNIZATION; RABIES GLYCOPROTEIN; CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS; CANDIDATE VACCINE; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; CLONAL ANALYSIS; NAIVE ADULTS; INFECTION AB A safety and immunogenicity trial was conducted in vaccinia-immune and vaccinia-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-uninfected adults who were randomized to receive 10(6) or 10(7) TCID50 of canarypox (ALVAC) vector expressing HIV-1(MN) gp160 or 10(5.5) TCID50 of ALVAC-rabies virus glycoprotein control at 0 and 1 or 2 months and ALVAC-gp160 or 50 mu g of HIV-1(SF2) recombinant (r) gp12O in microfluidized emulsion at 9 and 12 months; others received rgp120 at 0, 1, 6, and 12 months. All vaccines were well-tolerated. Neither vaccinia-immune status before vaccination nor ALVAC dose affected HIV immune responses. HIV-1(MN) and HIV-1(SF2) neutralizing antibodies were detected more often (100%) in ALVAC-gp160/rgp120 recipients than in recipients of ALVAC-gp160 (<65%) or rgp120 (89%) alone. ALVAC-gp160/rgp120 also elicited more frequent HIV V3-specific and fusion-inhibition antibodies, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, lymphoproliferation, and cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell activity than did either vaccine alone. Trials with ALVAC expressing additional HIV components and rgp120 are underway. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. EMMES Corp, Potomac, MD USA. NIAID, Div Aids, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Duke Univ, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. St Louis Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, New York, NY 10010 USA. NYU Med Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. Virogenet Corp, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. Chiron Vaccines, Emeryville, CA USA. Pasteur Merieux Connaught, Marnes la Coquette, France. RP Clements-Mann, ML (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Immunizat Res, Hampton House 117,624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-45207, AI-45208, AI-45211] NR 79 TC 171 Z9 173 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 177 IS 5 BP 1230 EP 1246 PG 17 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZM264 UT WOS:000073521100013 PM 9593008 ER PT J AU Yang, PC Wolden, CA Liu, W Schlesser, R Davis, RF Prater, JT Sitar, Z AF Yang, PC Wolden, CA Liu, W Schlesser, R Davis, RF Prater, JT Sitar, Z TI Coalesced oriented diamond films on nickel SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GROWTH AB The growth of coalesced, highly oriented diamond films has been achieved on nickel substrates using a multistep process that consisted of (i) seeding the Ni surface with 0.5 mu m diamond powder, (ii) annealing at 1100 degrees C in a hydrogen atmosphere, and (iii) growth at 900 degrees C in a mixture of hydrogen and 0.5% methane. Auger depth profile analysis of a sample quenched after the annealing stage showed the presence of significant amounts of carbon (6 at. %) close to the substrate surface and about 3 at. % deeper in the substrate. The loss of carbon into the substrate resulted in relatively low nucleation density. The addition of methane into the gas phase during the annealing stage proved very effective in compensating for the diffusion, An addition of 0.5% methane in the gas phase produced optimum results, as the nucleation density, orientation of diamond particles, and uniformity were substantially improved. Substrates nucleated under these conditions were grown our into coalesced, 30 mu m thick films. Both (100) and (111) oriented films showed a high degree of orientation and Raman spectra obtained from these orientations showed intense and narrow diamond signature peaks with FWHM's of 5 and 8 cm(-1), respectively. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Yang, PC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 6 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 13 IS 5 BP 1120 EP 1123 DI 10.1557/JMR.1998.0157 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA ZJ975 UT WOS:000073272500008 ER PT J AU Alvarez, A Alarcon, R Opazo, C Campos, EO Munoz, FJ Calderon, FH Dajas, F Gentry, MK Doctor, BP De Mello, FG Inestrosa, NC AF Alvarez, A Alarcon, R Opazo, C Campos, EO Munoz, FJ Calderon, FH Dajas, F Gentry, MK Doctor, BP De Mello, FG Inestrosa, NC TI Stable complexes involving acetylcholinesterase and amyloid-beta peptide change the biochemical properties of the enzyme and increase the neurotoxicity of Alzheimer's fibrils SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE AChE; A beta-amyloid fibrils; AChE-A beta-amyloid fibril complexes; amyloid formation; Alzheimer's disease; neurotoxicity ID HEPARAN-SULFATE PROTEOGLYCANS; SENILE PLAQUE COMPONENT; NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; DENDROASPIS-ANGUSTICEPS; CHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; MAMMALIAN RETINA; MOLECULAR-FORMS; CORE PROTEIN AB Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) forms stable complexes with amyloid-beta peptide (A beta) during its assembly into filaments, in agreement with its colocalization with the A beta deposits of Alzheimer's brain. The association of the enzyme with nascent A beta aggregates occurs as early as after 30 min of incubation. Analysis of the catalytic activity of the AChE incorporated into these complexes shows an anomalous behavior reminiscent of the AChE associated with senile plaques, which includes a resistance to low pH, high substrate concentrations, and lower sensitivity to AChE inhibitors. Furthermore, the toxicity of the AChE-amyloid complexes is higher than that of the A beta aggregates alone. Thus, in addition to its possible role as a heterogeneous nucleator during amyloid formation, AChE, by forming such stable complexes, may increase the neurotoxicity of A beta fibrils and thus may determine the selective neuronal loss observed in Alzheimer's brain. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Ciencias Biol, Dept Biol Celular & Mol, Santiago, Chile. Inst Invest Biol Clemente Estable, Div Neuroquim, Montevideo, Uruguay. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biofis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Inestrosa, NC (reprint author), Catholic Univ Chile, Mol Neurobiol Unit, POB 114-D, Santiago, Chile. RI Munoz, F/E-6751-2014 OI Munoz, F/0000-0002-1343-3599 NR 92 TC 205 Z9 211 U1 0 U2 17 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD MAY 1 PY 1998 VL 18 IS 9 BP 3213 EP 3223 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZJ036 UT WOS:000073173100011 PM 9547230 ER PT J AU Bridwell, R Searles, R Feuerstein, I Brazaitis, M Jimenez, C Rodriguez, A AF Bridwell, R Searles, R Feuerstein, I Brazaitis, M Jimenez, C Rodriguez, A TI The prevalence of a zero coronary calcium score in a population of patients referred for myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 39 IS 5 SU S MA 119 BP 32P EP 32P PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZM639 UT WOS:000073560300120 ER PT J AU Lebeda, FJ Umland, TC Sax, M Olson, MA AF Lebeda, FJ Umland, TC Sax, M Olson, MA TI Accuracy of secondary structure and solvent accessibility predictions for a clostridial neurotoxin C-fragment SO JOURNAL OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE artificial neural network; crystal structure; statistics; tetanus toxin; botulinum neurotoxin ID TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR KUNITZ; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BOTULINUM; TETANUS; ALIGNMENT; SEQUENCE; PATTERN; TOXINS AB Earlier studies used Rest and Sander's artificial neural network [(1993a), J. Mol. Biol. 232, 584-599] to predict the secondary structures [Lebeda and Olson (1994), Proteins 20, 293-300] and residue solvent accessibilities [Lebeda and Olson (1997), J. Protein Chem, 16, 607-618] of the clostridial neurotoxins. Because the X-ray crystal structure of the 50-kDa C-terminal half of the heavy chain of tetanus toxin was recently determined, this report evaluates the accuracy of these network-derived predictions. For this predominantly P-strand-containing fragment, predictions, on a per-residue basis, for both secondary structure and solvent accessibility were about 70% accurate. A more flexible and realistic analysis based on overlapping segments yielded accuracies of over 80% for the three-state secondary structure and for the two-state accessibility predictions. Because the accuracies of these predictions are comparable to those made by Rest and Sander using a dataset of 126 nonhomologous globular proteins, our predictions provide a quantitative foundation for gauging the results when building by homology the structures of related proteins. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Biocrystallog Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Crystallog, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Lebeda, FJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM lebeda@ncifcrf.gov OI Umland, Timothy/0000-0002-0772-9510 NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0277-8033 J9 J PROTEIN CHEM JI J. Protein Chem. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 17 IS 4 BP 311 EP 318 DI 10.1023/A:1022599014617 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA ZN097 UT WOS:000073609600002 PM 9619584 ER PT J AU Wang, P Davis, RA Kraus, NC AF Wang, P Davis, RA Kraus, NC TI Cross-shore distribution of sediment texture under breaking waves along low-wave-energy coasts SO JOURNAL OF SEDIMENTARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Sediment samples were collected with streamer traps at different elevations in the water column and across the surf zone. Beach profiles and breaking waves were measured together with the sediment sampling. The experiments were conducted on beaches with various sediment composition ranging from well-sorted fine sand to poorly sorted gravel and shell debris. The cross shore variation of sediment mean grain size ranged from less than 1 phi to significant variation of up to 3.5 phi. The resultant database contains 99 vertical grain-size profiles, composed of 99 bottom samples and 552 trap samples taken throughout the water column and at 29 different locations along the southeast coast of the United States and the Gulf coast of Florida. A homogeneous vertical profile of mean grain size and grain-size distribution pattern was found on most of the beaches with a wide range of sediment sizes, The homogeneous vertical profile, representing 92% of the measurements, was found on all morphological features: swash zone, breaker line, mid-surf zone, trough, and bar. A homogeneous distribution indicates that the vertical mixing mechanism in the water column of the surf zone is independent of sediment size ranging from fine sand to fine pebbles, Bottom sediment, represented by an 8-cm core sample, was generally coarser than the sediment trapped in the water column. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Inst Coastal Studies, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Wang, P (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Inst Coastal Studies, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. NR 37 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU SEPM-SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY PI TULSA PA 1731 E 71ST STREET, TULSA, OK 74136-5108 USA SN 1073-130X J9 J SEDIMENT RES JI J. Sediment. Res. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 68 IS 3 BP 497 EP 506 PN A PG 10 WC Geology SC Geology GA ZM680 UT WOS:000073565100013 ER PT J AU Mikhail, AG AF Mikhail, AG TI Fin damage and mass offset for kinetic energy projectile spin/pitch lock-in SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference CY JUL 29-31, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB A study and a general model for the roll/pitch frequency lock-in phenomenon are made for long antitank kinetic energy projectiles and missiles in general to quantify the necessary projectile damage/defect required to cause the lock-in. Fin damage and body mass offset are modeled as the forcing forces and moments (asymmetries) causing the lock-in. Idealized fin damage is modeled. The corresponding pitch, side-slip, and roll equations are numerically integrated. The nonlinear induced roll moment is essential in coupling the pitching/yawing motions with that of the roll motion. A specific and complete projectile case study is presented, in which quantified fin damage and rod mass offset are found to cause such lock-in, Computed flight motion history (pitch, side slip, and roll) and the yaw amplification factor provide insight into this lock-in behavior. The model is general and can be applied to any finned projectile or missile. C1 USA, Res Lab, Prop & Flight Div, Weapons Technol & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Mikhail, AG (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Prop & Flight Div, Weapons Technol & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 35 IS 3 BP 287 EP 295 DI 10.2514/2.3353 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ZT729 UT WOS:000074119200007 ER PT J AU Grant, KW Walden, BE Seitz, PF AF Grant, KW Walden, BE Seitz, PF TI Auditory-visual speech recognition by hearing-impaired subjects: Consonant recognition, sentence recognition, and auditory-visual integration SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PERCEPTION; ARTICULATION; INFORMATION; SOUNDS AB Factors leading to Variability in auditory-visual (AV) speech recognition include the subject's ability to extract auditory (A) and visual (V) signal-related cues, the integration of A and V cues, and the use of phonological, syntactic, and semantic context. In this study, measures of A, V, and AV recognition of medial consonants in isolated nonsense syllables and of words in sentences were obtained in a group of 29 hearing-impaired subjects. The test materials were presented in a background of speech-shaped noise at 0-dB signal-to-noise ratio. Most subjects achieved substantial AV benefit for both sets of materials relative to A-alone recognition performance. However, there was considerable variability in AV speech recognition both in terms of the overall recognition score achieved and in the amount of audiovisual gain. To account for this variability, consonant confusions were analyzed in terms of phonetic features to determine the degree of redundancy between A and V sources of information. In addition, a measure of integration ability was derived for each subject using recently developed models of AV integration. The results indicated that (1) AV feature reception was determined primarily by visual place cues and auditory voicing+manner cues, (2) the ability to integrate A and V consonant cues varied significantly across subjects, with better integrators achieving more AV benefit, and (3) significant intra-modality correlations were found between consonant measures and sentence measures, with AV consonant scores accounting for approximately 54% of the variability observed for AV sentence recognition. Integration modeling results suggested that speechreading and AV integration training could be useful for some individuals, potentially providing as much as 26% improvement in AV consonant recognition. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Grant, KW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 01643, DC 00792] NR 43 TC 156 Z9 157 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 103 IS 5 BP 2677 EP 2690 DI 10.1121/1.422788 PN 1 PG 14 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA ZM942 UT WOS:000073591800047 PM 9604361 ER PT J AU English, JC Laws, RA Keough, GC Wilde, JL Foley, JP Elston, DM AF English, JC Laws, RA Keough, GC Wilde, JL Foley, JP Elston, DM TI Penile lentiginosis - Reply SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP English, JC (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 38 IS 5 BP 781 EP 781 PN 1 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZL910 UT WOS:000073485800025 ER PT J AU Goedert, R Becker, R Clements, A Whittaker, T AF Goedert, R Becker, R Clements, A Whittaker, T TI Time-resolved shadowgraphic imaging of the response of dilute suspensions to laser pulses SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SHOCK-WAVE GENERATION; INDUCED CAVITATION; METAL CLUSTERS; ABSORPTION; RADIATION; DYNAMICS; WATER AB Time-resolved imagery is presented showing the changes that occur in the focal volume of dilute liquid-particle suspensions following the arrival of single, Q-switched, frequency-doubled, Nd:YAG laser pulses. Data are presented for a carbon particle suspension consisting of used (carbonized) 10W-15 motor oil and for a suspension of the inorganic metallic cluster molecule Mo2Ag4S8[PPh3](4). The images in conjunction with the accompanying limiting data show that the reduction in transmission, observed as the input pulse energy is increased, results from scattering from bubbles augmented by plasma absorption. The imaging technique involves converting a portion of the laser pulse to probe pulses that are then delayed through varying lengths of optical fiber. The focal volume is probed perpendicular to the incident beam at various times from 12 ns to 2.9 mu s after the arrival of the pulse in the test cell. Light emitted from the cell as a result of incandescence or a hot plasma is also imaged. Nonlinear loss, time-resolved pump-probe and picosecond limiting experiments, performed at the University of Central Florida's Center fur Research in Electro-Optics and Lasers (CREOL), are described in the companion paper in this issue entitled "Nonlinear optical properties of the inorganic metal cluster Mo2Ag4S8[PPh3](4)." (C) 1998 Optical Society of America [S0740-3224(98)00405-6]. C1 USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Command, Warren, MI 48397 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Div Elect & Comp Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Goedert, R (reprint author), USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Command, MS-263, Warren, MI 48397 USA. NR 77 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 15 IS 5 BP 1442 EP 1462 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.15.001442 PG 21 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZM955 UT WOS:000073593200002 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Quantifying risk of penile prosthesis infection with elevated glycosylated hemoglobin - Comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 159 IS 5 BP 1539 EP 1540 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZG839 UT WOS:000073045200034 ER PT J AU Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR MacKenzie, JD Hommerich, U Zavada, JM Wilson, RG Schwartz, RN AF Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR MacKenzie, JD Hommerich, U Zavada, JM Wilson, RG Schwartz, RN TI Effect of atomic hydrogen on Er luminescence from AlN SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 44th National Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY OCT 20-24, 1997 CL SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; CRYSTALLINE SI; ERBIUM; SEMICONDUCTORS; DEPENDENCE; SILICON; GROWTH; MOMBE; GAN; INN AB AlN(Er) doped with Er during metal organic molecular beam epitaxy has been plasma hydrogenated in situ at 200-250 degrees C using an electron cyclotron resonance source. By isotopic substitution of H-2 for H-1, we have found from secondary ion mass spectrometry profiling that a 30 min hydrogenation treatment can incorporate similar to 2 X 10(19) cm(-3) deuterium atoms to depths greater than or equal to 1 mu m. The intensity of the 1.54 mu m Er3+ luminescence is increased by a factor of similar to 5 by the 200 degrees C hydrogenation, and this effect is thermally stable to 300 degrees C, indicating a binding energy of >1.5 eV for hydrogen at defects in the AlN. These defects would normally either be recombination centers or provide an alternative de-excitation path for the Er. We have previously found that AlN provides the best resistance to thermal quenching of Er luminescence of any semiconductor due to its wide bandgap. Together, these results suggest that AIN(Er) may be a promising material for optical control of devices such as light-triggered SiC or GaN thyristors for power switching applications, where a fiber-transmitted signal from temperature-tolerant material is necessary in controlling power distribution grids. Hydrogen does not leave the AlN until similar to 800 degrees C and presumably forms an intermediate state such as H-2 or larger clusters prior to evolution from the surface, and again this stability is among the best for any semiconductor. (C) 1998 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Res Ctr Opt Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Hughes Res Labs, Malibu, CA 90265 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 16 IS 3 BP 1627 EP 1630 DI 10.1116/1.581131 PN 2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA ZT992 UT WOS:000074150500042 ER PT J AU Zhirnov, VV Liu, J Wojak, GJ Cuomo, JJ Hren, JJ AF Zhirnov, VV Liu, J Wojak, GJ Cuomo, JJ Hren, JJ TI Environmental effect on the electron emission from diamond surfaces SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International IVMC Conference CY AUG 17-21, 1997 CL KYONGJU, SOUTH KOREA SP IVMC ID FIELD-EMISSION; SILICON; TIPS AB Electron emission from silicon field emitters with a thin coating of diamond were studied during exposure to varying pressures of Ne, He, H-2, and D-2. Introduction of Ne and He at pressures > 10(-4) Ton: suppressed the emission current. Conditioning of held emitters in a 10(-5) Torr helium ambient improved the emissivity. After hydrogen and deuterium exposure, a continuous emission current was measured below the initial threshold voltages for electron emission. The effects of deuterium were significantly greater than for hydrogen. We believe this phenomenon is due to the formation of a surface dipole layer of hydrogen or deuterium, bonded to the surface carbon atoms, which lowers the electron affinity of the diamond surface. (C) 1998 American Vaccum Society. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Crystallog, Moscow 117333, Russia. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Zhirnov, VV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Crystallog, Moscow 117333, Russia. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 16 IS 3 BP 1188 EP 1193 DI 10.1116/1.590030 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA ZV375 UT WOS:000074298300042 ER PT J AU Lee, PP Hwu, RJ Sadwick, LP Balasubramaniam, H Kumar, BR Lai, TC Chu, SNG Alvis, R Lareau, RT Wood, MC AF Lee, PP Hwu, RJ Sadwick, LP Balasubramaniam, H Kumar, BR Lai, TC Chu, SNG Alvis, R Lareau, RT Wood, MC TI Molecular beam epitaxy growth and characterization of DyP/GaAs, DyAs/GaAs, GaAs/DyP/GaAs, and GaAs/DyAs/GaAs heterostructures SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th North American Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy CY OCT 05-08, 1997 CL UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN HO UNIV MICHIGAN ID GAAS; CONTACTS AB Details of the structural and electrical properties of epitaxial DyP/GaAs and DyAs/GaAs are reported. DyP is lattice matched to GaAs, with a room temperature mismatch of less than 0.01%. Both DyP and DyAs have been grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy. High quality DyP and DyAs epilayers, as determined by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy analyses, have been obtained for growth temperatures ranging from 500 to 600 degrees C and growth rates between 0.5 and 0.7 mu m/h. DyP epilayers are n type with measured electron concentrations on the order of 3-4 x 10(20 )cm(-3), room temperature mobilities of 250-300 cm(2)/V s, and a barrier height of 0.81 eV to n-type GaAs at room temperature. DyAs epilayers are also n type with measured electron concentrations of 1-2 x 10(21) cm(-3) and mobilities between 25 and 40 cm(2)/V s. DyP is stable in air with no apparent oxidation taking place, even after months of ambient exposure to untreated air. (C) 1998 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Elect Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Adv Micro Devices, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. USA, Res Labs, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Lee, PP (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Elect Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 16 IS 3 BP 1467 EP 1470 DI 10.1116/1.589967 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA ZV375 UT WOS:000074298300108 ER PT J AU Yang, Z Alperin, J Wang, WI Iyer, SS Kuan, TS Semendy, F AF Yang, Z Alperin, J Wang, WI Iyer, SS Kuan, TS Semendy, F TI In situ relaxed Si1-xGex epitaxial layers with low threading dislocation densities grown on compliant Si-on-insulator substrates SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th North American Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy CY OCT 05-08, 1997 CL UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN HO UNIV MICHIGAN ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SILICON; TRANSISTORS; THICKNESS; MOBILITY AB High quality relaxed Si0.6Ge0.4 films as thick as 1.0 mu m have been achieved as grown on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates with 200 Angstrom Si(100)-oriented compliant substrates. This represents the thickest relaxed layers grown by this technique. A greater than five order of magnitude reduction in threading dislocation density was achieved by compliant growth compared to growth on unmodified Si(100) substrates. Additionally, for the first time (to the best of our knowledge) we show that it is not necessary to separate the growth and relaxation processes, and relaxation during growth is governed by the nature of the compliant substrate structure that causes dislocations to terminate at the unique crystalline-amorphous SiO2 interface. Results indicate that utilizing SOI as a compliant substrate which is effective in producing high quality Si1-xGex films can be extended to other films, where film relaxation (via dislocation nucleation and growth) cannot be conveniently separated,from the synthesis method (e.g., SiC). (C) 1998 American Vacuum Society. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Elect Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Yang, Z (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Elect Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 17 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 16 IS 3 BP 1489 EP 1491 DI 10.1116/1.589972 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA ZV375 UT WOS:000074298300113 ER PT J AU St Louis, DC Gotte, D Sanders-Buell, E Ritchey, DW Salminen, MO Carr, JK McCutchan, FE AF St Louis, DC Gotte, D Sanders-Buell, E Ritchey, DW Salminen, MO Carr, JK McCutchan, FE TI Infectious molecular clones with the nonhomologous dimer initiation sequences found in different subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 can recombine and initiate a spreading infection in vitro SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID AVIAN RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS VIRUS; MAJOR SPLICE DONOR; HIV-1 GENOMIC RNA; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION; NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN; RETROVIRAL RECOMBINATION; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; AFRICAN ORIGIN AB Recombinant forms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) have been shown to be of major importance in the global AIDS pandemic. Viral RNA dimer formation mediated by the dimerization initiation sequence (DIS) is believed to be essential for viral genomic RNA packaging and therefore for RNA recombination. Here, we demonstrate that HIV-1 recombination and replication are not restricted by variant DIS loop sequences. Three DIS loop forms found among HIV-1 isolates, DIS (CG), DIS (TA), and DIS (TG), when introduced into deletion mutants of HIV-1 recombined efficiently, and the progeny virions replicated with comparable kinetics. A fourth DIS loop form, containing an artificial AAAAAA sequence disrupting the putative DIS loop-loop interactions [DIS (A6)], supported efficient recombination with DIS loop variants; however, DIS (A6) progeny virions exhibited a modest replication disadvantage in mixed cultures. Our studies indicate that the nonhomologous DIS sequences found in different HIV-1 subtypes are not a primary obstacle to intersubtype recombination. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Henry M Jackson Fdn Res Lab, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Helsinki, Finland. RP St Louis, DC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Henry M Jackson Fdn Res Lab, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM StLouisd@NMRIPO.NMRI.NNMC.NAVY.MIL RI Salminen, Mika/D-8784-2013 OI Salminen, Mika/0000-0003-3020-0866 NR 63 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 72 IS 5 BP 3991 EP 3998 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA ZH268 UT WOS:000073090100059 PM 9557686 ER PT J AU Mathew, A Kurane, I Green, S Stephens, HAF Vaughn, DW Kalayanarooj, S Suntayakorn, S Chandanayingyong, D Ennis, FA Rothman, AL AF Mathew, A Kurane, I Green, S Stephens, HAF Vaughn, DW Kalayanarooj, S Suntayakorn, S Chandanayingyong, D Ennis, FA Rothman, AL TI Predominance of HLA-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses to serotype-cross-reactive epitopes on nonstructural proteins following natural secondary dengue virus infection SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL CLONES; NS3; RECOGNITION; ANTIBODY; CD8; IDENTIFICATION AB We examined the memory cytotoxic T-lymphocytic (CTL) responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from patients in Thailand 12 months after natural symptomatic secondary dengue virus infection. In all four patients analyzed, CTLs were detected in bulk culture PBMC against nonstructural dengue virus proteins, Numerous CD4(+) and CD8(+) CTL lines were generated from the bulk cultures of two patients, KPP94-037 and KPP94-024, which were specific for NS1.2a (NS1 and NS2a collectively) and NS3 proteins, respectively. All CTL lines derived from both patients were cross-reactive with other serotypes of dengue virus. The CD8(+) NS1.2a-specific lines from patient KPP94-037 were HLA B57 restricted, and the CD8(+) NS3-specific lines from patient KPP93-024 were HLA B7 restricted. The CD4(+) CTL lines from patient KPP94-037 were HLA DR7 restricted. A majority of the CD8(+) CTLs isolated from patient KPP93-024 were found to recognize amino acids 221 to 232 on NS3, These results demonstrate that in Thai patients after symptomatic secondary natural dengue infections, CTLs are mainly directed against nonstructural proteins and are broadly cross-reactive. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. Middlesex Hosp, Div Nephrol, London, England. Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok, Thailand. Siriraj Hosp, Dept Transfus Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Kamphaeng Phet Prov Hosp, Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand. RP Rothman, AL (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI034533, R01-AI30624, P01-AI34533] NR 23 TC 78 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 72 IS 5 BP 3999 EP 4004 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA ZH268 UT WOS:000073090100060 PM 9557687 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Kraemer, WJ Emmert, WH Mazzetti, SA Gotshalk, LA Putukian, M Sebastianelli, WJ Patton, JF AF Nindl, BC Kraemer, WJ Emmert, WH Mazzetti, SA Gotshalk, LA Putukian, M Sebastianelli, WJ Patton, JF TI Comparison of body composition assessment among lean black and white male collegiate athletes SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE body density; percent body fat; racial differences; ethnicity,; resistance training ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; COMPOSITION PREDICTION; GENERALIZED EQUATIONS; PERCENT FAT; MEN; VALIDITY; CHILDREN; GREATER; WEIGHT; WOMEN AB Variations in the density of the hat-free mass (DFFM) across ethnic groups is a critical factor that invalidates the use of body fat equations. It has also been suggested that resistance trained athletes may have higher body densities (BDs) than untrained subjects. Thus, the validity of using anthropometric (ANT) equations, which have mainly been derived on white nonathletic groups, has been questioned for athletic white and black men. This study compared ED and percent body fat (%BF) between 34 white (20 +/- 1 yr, 184 +/- 11 cm, 84 +/- 12 kg, 25 +/- 3 BMI) and 30 black (20 +/- 1 yr, 182 +/- 9 cm, 84 +/- 12 kg, 25 +/- 2 BMI) male collegiate athletes and determined the accuracy of 5 ANT equations in estimating %BF. Subjects were underwater weighed (UWW), and skinfold measurements were obtained from the chest, mid-axillary, abdomen, suprailiac, subscapula, triceps, and thigh. ED was obtained from UWW and estimated from the five skinfold equations. From UWW, significant (P less than or equal to 0.05) differences were found for ED (1.075 +/- 0.007 vs 1.0817 +/- 0.009), but not for %BF (10.49 +/- 2.8 vs 11.59 +/- 3.4) for white and black subjects, respectively. Differences were noted for subcutaneous skinfold sites (abdominal (vertical), suprailiac, and thigh), sum of three and seven skinfolds, and proportion of subscapular subcutaneous fat. One out of five and five out of five ANT equations (Siri conversions) yielded significantly lower estimates compared with UWW %BF for the white and black athletes, respectively. Use of the Schutte equation for the black athletes resulted in overpredictions of %BF for five out of five equations. In addition, the Schutte equation offered slightly greater accuracy than did the Siri equation for estimating %BF in black athletes. These data confirm earlier concerns that ANT equations derived on general populations may not be as accurate for athletic populations and also suggest that correction equations are necessary for converting ED into %BF for populations differing with respect to race or training status. C1 Penn State Univ, Lab Sports Med, Noll Physiol Res Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Boston Coll, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01749 USA. RP Kraemer, WJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Lab Sports Med, Noll Physiol Res Ctr, 21 REC Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM WJK3@PSU.EDU NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 30 IS 5 BP 769 EP 776 DI 10.1097/00005768-199805000-00020 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA ZK438 UT WOS:000073320900020 PM 9588622 ER PT J AU Reardon, M Fraser, B Omer, J AF Reardon, M Fraser, B Omer, J TI Physiological effects of thermal stress on aviators flying a UH-60 helicopter simulator SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB An evaluation of the physiological effects on aviators of heat stress (90 degrees F wet bulb globe temperature [WBGT]) versus a cooler condition (70 degrees F WBGT) when wearing either a MOPP0 (Mission-Oriented Protective Posture 0) uniform or a MOPP4 ensemble encumbered with a ballistic chest plate and overwater survival gear was performed at the United States Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, The study used a repeated-measures design with 14 aviators flying 4-hour missions in a UH-60 helicopter simulator. Average crew endurance in the MOPP4-hot condition was reduced to one-third of the fully completed mission time of 309 minutes. For the hot condition, core temperature in the simulator rose 1.4 degrees F/hour when aviators wore the encumbered MOPP4 ensemble versus 0.27 degrees F/hour when they wore the MOPP0 uniform. Sweating rate in the MOPP4-hot condition was 1,523 ml/hour, resulting in 2.5% dehydration, in contrast to 183 ml/hour and 0.9% dehydration in the MOPP4-cool condition. In this study, pilots flying realistic UH-60 simulator sorties rapidly incurred significant physiological heat strain when wearing an encumbered MOPP4 night ensemble in hot cockpit conditions. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Reardon, M (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 163 IS 5 BP 298 EP 303 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZM692 UT WOS:000073566300007 PM 9597845 ER PT J AU Young, GD Evans, S AF Young, GD Evans, S TI Safety and efficacy of DEET and permethrin in the prevention of arthropod attack SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Annual Asia/Pacific Military Medicine Conference CY MAR 03-07, 1997 CL KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA ID LONE STAR TICK; PERSONAL PROTECTION; N,N-DIETHYL-M-TOLUAMIDE DEET; INSECT REPELLENT; COMPARATIVE SENSITIVITY; LABORATORY EVALUATION; PRESSURIZED SPRAYS; DERMAL APPLICATION; CLOTHING TREATMENT; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA AB Many preventable diseases affecting troop strength are directly attributed to disease-carrying insects. The first line of defense against arthropod vectors is the use of personal protective measures. The concurrent application of DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) repellent on the skin and permethrin [(3-phenoxy-phenyl)methyl(+/-)cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-carboxylate] insecticide on the battle dress uniform, while the uniform is worn properly, is a personal protective strategy officially known as the DOD Insect Repellent System. It is important for troop commanders and field leaders to enforce the use of personal protective measures to prevent insect-borne infectious diseases and to ensure troop and soldier readiness. DEET is a safe and effective repellent. Permethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide and repellent. Used in conjunction with proper clothing and other personal protective equipment, these repellents provide the best known protection available and are critical in minimizing the occupational health threat of arthropod-borne diseases to troops in the field. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Toxicol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Young, GD (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Toxicol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 81 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 163 IS 5 BP 324 EP 330 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZM692 UT WOS:000073566300012 PM 9597850 ER PT J AU Wade, DN Kerns, DG AF Wade, DN Kerns, DG TI Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis-periodontitis: A literature review SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID ORAL MANIFESTATIONS; DENTAL SCHOOL; HIV-INFECTION; ETIOLOGY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION; POPULATION; DISEASE; IGG AB Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis-periodontitis (ANUG/NUP) is a relatively uncommon periodontal disease characterized by gingival necrosis and ulceration, pain, and bleeding, The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of current knowledge on ANUG/NUP. Current literature on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, immunology, predisposing factors, and treatment of ANUG/NUP is reviewed. C1 USA, Dent Activ, Billy Johnson Dent Clin, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. RP Wade, DN (reprint author), USA, Dent Activ, Billy Johnson Dent Clin, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 163 IS 5 BP 337 EP 342 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZM692 UT WOS:000073566300014 PM 9597852 ER PT J AU Ballough, GPH Cann, FJ Smith, CD Forster, JS Kling, CE Filbert, MG AF Ballough, GPH Cann, FJ Smith, CD Forster, JS Kling, CE Filbert, MG TI GM(1) monosialoganglioside pretreatment protects against soman-induced seizure-related brain damage SO MOLECULAR AND CHEMICAL NEUROPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE soman; GM(1); ganglioside; excitotoxicity; neuronal injury; seizures; status epilepticus; rat ID MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN-2; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; INDUCED NEURONAL DEATH; AMINO-ACID RECEPTORS; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; GM1 GANGLIOSIDE; GLUTAMATE EXCITOTOXICITY; ACUTE NEUROPATHOLOGY; ISCHEMIC DAMAGE; POISONED RATS AB The effects of GM(1) monosialoganglioside pretreatment on brain damage resulting from soman-induced seizure activity were examined in this study. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were infused with GM(1) via an osmotic minipump connected through a permanent cannula implanted intracerebroventricularly and challenged with soman (83 mu g/kg, i.e., 1.25 x LD50) 4 d after initiation of GM1 infusion. Electrocorticographic recordings were monitored via indwelling cortical electrodes. Twenty-seven hours after soman administration, anesthetized rats were euthanized via transcardial perfusion with buffered paraformaldehyde. Brains were processed for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), cresyl violet (CV), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) immunohistochemistry. All soman-challenged rats not infused with GM(1) (n = 14) developed status epilepticus (SE). GM(1)-infused, soman-challenged rats (n = 11) showed initial signs of seizures; however, only five developed SE. The remaining six recovered and had no brain damage. In addition, the latter group showed a significantly higher residual AChE reactivity in the basolateral amygdala compared to rats that developed SE. Quantitative image analysis of MAP2-immunostained brain sections from the five GM(1)-infused rats that developed SE showed a 85.9 +/- 14.1% reduction in cross-sectional area of necrosis in the piriform cortex when compared to the soman-challenged rats that were not infused with GM(1). This was paralleled by a pronounced decrease in morphological evidence of damage on H&E and CV-stained serial sections. Considerable brain region/treatment group variability was seen with GFAP immunostaining. The present findings demonstrate that GM(1) pretreatment interferes with the development of SE and significantly alleviates brain damage resulting from soman-induced seizures. C1 USA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. La Salle Univ, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. RP Filbert, MG (reprint author), USA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 67 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1044-7393 J9 MOL CHEM NEUROPATHOL JI Mol. Chem. Neuropathol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 34 IS 1 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1007/BF02815133 PG 23 WC Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA 119UH UT WOS:000075915800001 PM 9778643 ER PT J AU Rudick, RA Simonian, NA Alam, JA Campion, M Scaramucci, JO Jones, W Coats, ME Goodkin, DE Weinstock-Guttman, B Herndon, RM Mass, MK Richert, JR Salazar, AM Munschauer, FE Cookfair, DL Simon, JH Jacobs, LD AF Rudick, RA Simonian, NA Alam, JA Campion, M Scaramucci, JO Jones, W Coats, ME Goodkin, DE Weinstock-Guttman, B Herndon, RM Mass, MK Richert, JR Salazar, AM Munschauer, FE Cookfair, DL Simon, JH Jacobs, LD CA MSCRG TI Incidence and significance of neutralizing antibodies to interferon beta-1a in multiple sclerosis SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENE-CONTROL; RECOMBINANT AB Background: Interferon beta is an effective treatment for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS), As with other protein drugs, neutralizing antibodies (NAB) can develop that reduce the effectiveness of treatment. Objectives: To determine the incidence and biological significance of NAB to interferon beta-1a (IFN-beta-1a; Avonex; Biogen, Cambridge, MA) in MS patients. Methods: A two-step assay for NAB to IFN-beta-1a was developed and used to assay serum samples from participants in the phase III clinical trial of IFN-beta-1a, and from patients in an ongoing open-label study of IFN-beta-1a, The biological significance of NAB to IFN-beta-1a was determined by relating the NAB assay result to in vivo induction of the IFN-inducible molecules neopterin and beta-2 microglobulin, and the clinical significance was determined by comparing clinical and MRI measures of disease activity after 2 years of IFN-beta-1a therapy in patients who were NAB+ and NAB-, The incidence of NAB was compared in MS patients who had used only IFN-beta-1a with the incidence in MS patients who had used only IFN-beta-1b. Results: In patients in the open-label study, development of NAB to IFN-beta-1a resulted in a titer-dependent reduction in neopterin induction after interferon injections. In patients in the phase III study, develop ment of NAB was associated with a reduction in beta-2 microglobulin induction, In the phase III study, a trend toward reduced benefit of IFN-beta-1a on MRI activity in NAB+ versus NAB-patients was observed. The incidence of NAB to IFN-beta-1a in the open-label study was approximately 5% over 24 months of treatment of IFN-beta-1a therapy, but was four- to sixfold higher using the same assay for patients exposed only to IFN-beta-1b for a similar duration, There were no clinical, MRI, or CSF characteristics that were predictive of which patients would develop NAB. Conclusions: NAB directed against IFN-beta have in vivo biological consequences in patients with MS. The frequency with which MS patients develop NAB against IFN-beta is significantly greater with IFN-beta-1b therapy compared with IFN-beta-1a therapy. Treatment decisions in MS patients treated with IFN-beta should take into account development of NAB. C1 Cleveland Clin Fdn, Mellen Ctr Multiple Sclerosis Treatment & Res, Area U100, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Biogen, Cambridge, MA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Multiple Sclerosis Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Jackson, MS USA. Good Samaritan Hosp & Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97209 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Buffalo Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, MSCRG Data Management & Stat Ctr, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol MRI, Denver, CO USA. Millard Fillmore Hlth Syst, William C Baird Multiple Sclerosis Res Ctr, Buffalo, NY USA. RP Rudick, RA (reprint author), Cleveland Clin Fdn, Mellen Ctr Multiple Sclerosis Treatment & Res, Area U100, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. NR 19 TC 245 Z9 249 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD MAY PY 1998 VL 50 IS 5 BP 1266 EP 1272 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZN179 UT WOS:000073617800017 PM 9595973 ER PT J AU Taylor, T Ila, D Zimmerman, RL Cochrane, JC Ashley, PR Poker, DB Hensley, DK AF Taylor, T Ila, D Zimmerman, RL Cochrane, JC Ashley, PR Poker, DB Hensley, DK TI Temperature effects on the fabrication of optical channels in planar GaAs/AlGaAs waveguides using MeV ions SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Radiation Effects in Insulators (REI-9) CY SEP 14-19, 1997 CL KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE SP Ctr Mat Proc at Univ TN, Pacific NW Natl Lab DE ion implantation; GaAs/AlGaAs; optical waveguides ID WAVE-GUIDES; DISORDER AB We have fabricated optical channels in selectively masked planar GaAs/AlGaAs waveguide structures using both 10 MeV oxygen and 8 MeV carbon ions. Implantation at different temperatures appears to have a direct effect on the extracted propagation mode losses. Single-mode operation was observed from all the fabricated optical channels at a wavelength of 1.3 mu m. The optical characterization results provide insight as to which ion beam parameters are best suited to optimize this fabrication process. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Nat & Phys Sci, Ctr Irradiat Mat, Normal, AL 35762 USA. USA, Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Weap Sci Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ila, D (reprint author), Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Nat & Phys Sci, Ctr Irradiat Mat, POB 1447, Normal, AL 35762 USA. RI Hensley, Dale/A-6282-2016 OI Hensley, Dale/0000-0001-8763-7765 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 1998 VL 141 IS 1-4 BP 704 EP 708 DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(98)00119-0 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 103WA UT WOS:000074979800121 ER PT J AU Ventura-Braswell, AM Satin, AJ Higby, K AF Ventura-Braswell, AM Satin, AJ Higby, K TI Delayed diagnosis of bowel infarction secondary to maternal midgut volvulus at term SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: Intestinal volvulus is responsible for 25% of acute bowel obstructions in pregnant women but only 3-5% in nonpregnant patients. Pregnancy may hinder early diagnosis. Case: A woman in early labor subsequently developed hypotension and a nonreassuring fetal heart rate tracing. Emergency cesarean was performed and a live infant was born. At surgery, the patient was noted to have ascites, necrotic bowel, and a congenital gut malrotation with a complete midgut volvulus. Several congenital peritoneal bands were lysed, the volvulus was reduced, and 184 cm of small bowel were resected. Conclusion: This patient represents a case of midgut volvulus with bowel infarction and necrosis secondary to congenital malrotation of the gut. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, Darnall Army Community Hosp, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Ventura-Braswell, AM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 3 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 91 IS 5 SU S BP 808 EP 810 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(97)00712-6 PN 2 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA ZK329 UT WOS:000073308200006 PM 9572169 ER PT J AU Sherali, HD Adams, WP Driscoll, PJ AF Sherali, HD Adams, WP Driscoll, PJ TI Exploiting special structures in constructing a hierarchy of relaxations for 0-1 mixed integer problems SO OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID QUADRATIC-PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS; REPRESENTATIONS; LINEARIZATION; INEQUALITIES; ALGORITHM AB A new hierarchy of relaxations is presented that provides a unifying framework for constructing a spectrum of continuous relaxations spanning from the linear programming relaxation to the convex hull representation for linear mixed integer 0-1 problems. This hierarchy is an extension of the Reformulation-Linearization Technique (RLT) of Sherali and Adams (1990, 1994a); and is particularly designed to exploit special structures. Specifically, inherent special structures are exploited by identifying particular classes of multiplicative factors that are applied to the original problem to reformulate it as an equivalent polynomial programming problem, and subsequently, this resulting problem is linearized to produce a tighter relaxation in a higher dimensional space. This general framework permits us to generate an explicit hierarchical sequence of tighter relaxations leading up to the convex hull representation. (A similar hierarchy can be constructed for polynomial mixed integer 0-1 problems.) Additional ideas for further strengthening RLT-based constraints by using conditional logical implications, as well as relationships with sequential lifting, are also explored. Several examples are presented to demonstrate how underlying special structures, including generalized and variable upper bounding, covering, partitioning, and packing constraints, as well as sparsity, can be exploited within this framework. For some types of structures, low level relaxations are exhibited to recover the convex hull of integer feasible solutions. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Sherali, HD (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 21 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 6 PU INST OPERATIONS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PI LINTHICUM HTS PA 901 ELKRIDGE LANDING RD, STE 400, LINTHICUM HTS, MD 21090-2909 USA SN 0030-364X J9 OPER RES JI Oper. Res. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 46 IS 3 BP 396 EP 405 DI 10.1287/opre.46.3.396 PG 10 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 117CT UT WOS:000075763600011 ER PT J AU Balbuena, L Stambaugh, KI Ramirez, SG Yeager, C AF Balbuena, L Stambaugh, KI Ramirez, SG Yeager, C TI Effects of topical oral antiseptic rinses on bacterial counts of saliva in healthy human subjects SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID NECK-SURGERY; HEAD; PROPHYLAXIS; EFFICACY; CEFAZOLIN; CANCER AB Wound infections remain a significant source of morbidity in patients undergoing major head and neck operations that invade the aerodigestive tract, Infection rates have been significantly reduced by the administration of perioperative intravenous antibiotics; however, the incidence of infection remains unacceptably high. This study was undertaken to help identify an oral antiseptic that could significantly reduce the bacterial colony count of human saliva. A randomized, prospective clinical trial was conducted to analyze and compare the effects of Listerine antiseptic and Peridex oral rinse on the aerobic and anaerobic bacterial counts in healthy human subjects. Thirty healthy adult volunteers between the ages of 18 and 61 participated in the study. The patients were randomized to receive normal saline solution, Listerine antiseptic, or Peridex oral rinse. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial colony counts of saliva were measured before treatment and at 1 and 4 hours after treatment. Both Listerine antiseptic and Peridex oral rinse significantly reduced bacterial counts at 1 hour after treatment in our volunteers. At 4 hours after treatment, Peridex oral rinse showed a further reduction in the bacterial colony count whereas Listerine antiseptic showed no difference compared with normal saline solution. At 4 hours after treatment, Peridex oral rinse reduced the total bacterial colony count by 85%. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Otolaryngol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Ramirez, SG (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE SDT, Med Corps, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 18 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 118 IS 5 BP 625 EP 629 DI 10.1177/019459989811800510 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA ZM219 UT WOS:000073516600010 PM 9591860 ER PT J AU Childers, ELB AF Childers, ELB TI Tissue examination in obliteration technique and outpatient setting SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Letter C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Oral & Maxillofacial Pathol Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. RP Childers, ELB (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Oral & Maxillofacial Pathol Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 118 IS 5 BP 738 EP 738 PG 1 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA ZM219 UT WOS:000073516600039 PM 9591889 ER PT J AU Crane, CC AF Crane, CC TI Before the bomb: How America approached the end of the Pacific War SO PACIFIC HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Crane, CC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA SN 0030-8684 J9 PAC HIST REV JI Pac. Hist. Rev. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 67 IS 2 BP 303 EP 304 PG 2 WC History SC History GA ZP829 UT WOS:000073792600028 ER PT J AU O'Brien, MM Vincent, JM Person, DA Cook, BA AF O'Brien, MM Vincent, JM Person, DA Cook, BA TI Leptospirosis and pancreatitis: A report of ten cases SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE leptospirosis; pancreatitis; Well disease; Kosrae; Micronesia; Leptospira interrogans C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Vincent, JM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 8 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 17 IS 5 BP 436 EP 438 DI 10.1097/00006454-199805000-00023 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA ZN324 UT WOS:000073634500022 PM 9613666 ER PT J AU Rice, BM Mattson, W Trevino, SF AF Rice, BM Mattson, W Trevino, SF TI Molecular-dynamics investigation of the desensitization of detonable material SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SHOCK-INDUCED DETONATIONS; ENERGETIC SOLIDS; PROPAGATION; SIMULATION; INITIATION; MODEL AB A molecular-dynamics investigation of the effects of a diluent on the detonation of a model crystalline explosive is presented. The diluent, a heavy material that cannot exothermally react with any species of the system, is inserted into the crystalline explosive in two ways. The first series of simulations investigates the attenuation of the energy of a detonation wave in a pure explosive after it encounters a small layer of crystalline diluent that has been inserted into the lattice of the pure explosive. After the shock wave has traversed the diluent layer, it reenters the pure explosive. Unsupported detonation is not reestablished unless the energy of the detonation wave exceeds a threshold value. The second series of simulations investigates detonation of solid solutions of different concentrations of the explosive and diluent. For both types of simulations, the key to reestablishing or reaching unsupported detonation is the attainment of a critical number density behind the shock front. Once this critical density is reached, the explosive molecules make a transition to an atomic phase. This is the first step in the reaction mechanism that lends to the heat release that sustains the detonation. The reactive fragments formed from the atomization of the heteronuclear reactants subsequently combine with new partners, with homonuclear product formation exothermally favored. The results of detonation of the explosive-diluent crystals are consistent with those presented in an earlier study on detonation of pure explosive [B. M. Rice, W. Mattson, J. Grosh, and S. F. Trevino, Phys. Rev. E 53, 611 (1996)]. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Rice, BM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAY PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 5106 EP 5111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.57.5106 PN A PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA ZP582 UT WOS:000073767900035 ER PT J AU Schissel, DJ Elston, DM AF Schissel, DJ Elston, DM TI Achilles tendon nodule - Inflammation, rupture, or tumor? SO PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FIBROMA; SHEATH AB When an active patient has a mass on the Achilles tendon, fibroma of the tendon sheath should be in the differential diagnosis along with other tumors and benign conditions like inflammation or rupture. A case report demonstrates how the clinical characteristics of fibromas resemble other common tendon tumors, such as giant cell turner of the tendon sheath. A histologic exam is needed to distinguish a fibroma of the tendon sheath from other tumors. Plain films should be considered to rule out bony involvement. Surgical excision is required. Patients should know that fibromas recur in 25% of those who have them removed. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Schissel, DJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 USA SN 0091-3847 J9 PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED JI Physician Sportsmed. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 26 IS 5 BP 59 EP 62 PG 4 WC Primary Health Care; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA ZK814 UT WOS:000073366400012 PM 20086813 ER PT J AU Trudo, EW Stark, WJ AF Trudo, EW Stark, WJ TI Cataracts - Lifting the clouds on an age-old problem SO POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RISK AB Cataracts are the most common treatable form of reduced vision in older adults. Although the incidence of cataracts is high after age 65, careful history taking and clinical examination are essential to establish the diagnosis. Cataract surgery is medically indicated when the view to the retina is obscured or lens-induced disorders place the eye at risk for further damage. However, even when patients have no specific associated medical problem, other than decreased visual acuity, cataract extraction offers an important means for maintaining independence and improving quality of life. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Hosp, Wilmer Ophthalmol Inst, Corneal Serv, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Trudo, EW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, 7100 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 USA SN 0032-5481 J9 POSTGRAD MED JI Postgrad. Med. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 103 IS 5 BP 114 EP + PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZL083 UT WOS:000073397100013 PM 9590990 ER PT J AU Elgjo, GI Mathew, BP de Figueiredo, LFP Schenarts, PJ Horton, JW Dubick, MA Kramer, GC AF Elgjo, GI Mathew, BP de Figueiredo, LFP Schenarts, PJ Horton, JW Dubick, MA Kramer, GC TI Resuscitation with hypertonic saline dextran improves cardiac function in vivo and ex vivo after burn injury in sheep SO SHOCK LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-INJURY; RATS AB In a 24 h, double-blind, prospective trial, we tested the hypothesis that two 4 mL/kg doses of hypertonic saline dextran (HSD; 7.5% NaCl/6% dextran 70) given in addition to isotonic fluid treatment would produce both immediate and sustained benefit for the heart after large burn injury. 12 instrumented sheep were subjected to a 40% total body surface area full-thickness flame burn under halothane anesthesia. 1 h after burn, when the animals had recovered from anesthesia, the first dose of either HSD (n = 6) or normal saline (NaCl .9%; n = 6) was infused over 30 min. The test solution was immediately followed by lactated Ringer's solution infused to maintain a urine output of 1-2 mL/kg.h throughout the study. The second dose of test solution was started at 12 h and was infused over 5 h. The initial dose of HSD corrected the burn-induced reduction in cardiac output, cardiac work, an index of myocardial contractility, and restored myocardial blood flow, as measured by the colored microsphere technique, to preburn values. Plasma concentrations of troponin I, creatine kinase (CK), and CK isoenzyme CKMB were increased 1 h after burn, but were not altered after HSD treatment. After euthanasia at 24 h, myocardial glutathione concentrations were higher in HSD-treated animals, whereas other markers of oxidative injury in heart or in plasma did not show systematic differences. The maximum contraction force measured in isolated right papillary muscles ex vivo was significantly greater in HSD-treated than normal saline-treated animals. In conclusion, the first dose of 4 mL/kg HSD infused 1 h after burn improved cardiac function, whereas the second dose of HSD infused at 12 h was without apparent effect on dynamic variables. An overall effect of the HSD treatments was a lasting increase in papillary muscle contraction force. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Anesthesiol, Div Res, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Shriners Burns Inst, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Mech Trauma Res Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Elgjo, GI (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Anesthesiol, Div Res, 503 Clin Sci Bldg G49, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM gelgjo@utmb.edu NR 33 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD MAY PY 1998 VL 9 IS 5 BP 375 EP 383 DI 10.1097/00024382-199805000-00011 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA ZN177 UT WOS:000073617600011 PM 9617889 ER PT J AU Barillo, DJ Cancio, LC Kim, SH Shirani, KZ Goodwin, CW AF Barillo, DJ Cancio, LC Kim, SH Shirani, KZ Goodwin, CW TI Fatal and near-fatal complications of liposuction SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Lipoplasty-Society CY SEP 20, 1997 CL SAN FRANCISC9O, CALIFORNIA ID SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS; NECROTIZING FASCIITIS; SUCTION LIPECTOMY; LIPOLYSIS; EXPERIENCE; TUMESCENT; EMBOLISM; BIOPSY AB Cosmetic liposuction is considered to be safe and effective in properly selected patients and is widely done as an outpatient or office procedure. When major complications occur, office-based practitioners may refer patients to a hospital emergency department, where medical personnel unfamiliar with this procedure may underestimate the risk of serious infection or other major complications. We present two cases of massive necrotizing fasciitis treated in a burn center after liposuction surgery One patient died, and the second required lengthy hospitalization, extensive debridement, and split-thickness skin grafting of 22% of the total body surface area. Pain out of proportion to clinical findings is a hallmark of necrotizing fasciitis and should prompt consideration of this entity even in the absence of cutaneous signs of infection. Definitive diagnosis is made by biopsy and rapid section histologic analysis. Liposuction may result in major complications or death. Emergency department physicians or general surgeons may be called upon to manage such complications and should be aware of these risks. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, USA Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Barillo, DJ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 31 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 91 IS 5 BP 487 EP 492 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZM757 UT WOS:000073572800018 PM 9598863 ER PT J AU Fountzoulas, CG Demaree, JD Hirvonen, JK Kleinmeyer, JD AF Fountzoulas, CG Demaree, JD Hirvonen, JK Kleinmeyer, JD TI Nitrogen ion implantation of silicon-containing diamond-like carbon (Si-DLC) coatings synthesized by ion beam assisted deposition SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Surface Modification of Metals by Ion Beams (SMMIB 97) CY SEP 21-26, 1997 CL GATLINBURG, TENNESSEE SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Danfysik, Implant Sci Corp, Spire Corp DE ion implantation; nitrogen; Si-DLC ID TRIBOLOGY; WEAR AB Hard, adherent, and low-friction silicon containing diamond-like carbon coatings (Si-DLC) have been synthesized by 40 keV Ar+ ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) of tetraphenyl-tetramethyl-trisiloxane oil, on 8.90 cm (3.5 in) diameter aluminum alloy substrates. The Si-DLC coatings were implanted with nitrogen ions to doses of 3 x 10(15), 3 x 10(16), and 3 x 10(17) ions/cm(2). The Si-DLC coating synthesis and the subsequent nitrogen ion implantation at SO keV took place in a non-mass analyzed ion implanter. The thickness of the implanted coatings, measured with the aid of a profilometer, remained equal to the thickness of the unimplanted coating, and photon tunneling microscopy showed some surface roughening from the implantation process. The unlubricated steel ball-on-disk friction coefficient increased with increasing implant dose. However, the wear rate of the coating, determined with the aid of an optical microscope and a stylus profilometer, decreased with increasing implant dose. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Fountzoulas, CG (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM cfoun@arl.mil NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 104 BP 104 EP 108 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00381-8 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA ZZ476 UT WOS:000074733200020 ER PT J AU Godfrey, TA Rossettos, JN AF Godfrey, TA Rossettos, JN TI Damage growth in prestressed plain weave fabrics SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FRACTURE-MECHANICS; FIBER AB A simplified micromechanics approach is used to develop a mathematical model to predict damage growth in prestressed plain weave fabrics near sites where yarns are broken. Stress concentration in the yarns neighboring yarn breaks is determined as a function of increasing loading. An evaluation of the load redistribution around the damage region includes a determination of the frictional slip of broken yarns. Consideration of equilibrium and deformation of constituent yarns leads to linear differential equations for yarn displacements applicable to distinct regions where slipping does and does not occur. Slip frictional forces depend on yarn normal contact forces at crossover points resulting from crimp interchange; Kawabata's model [12] is modified and used to motivate an analysis of frictional load transfer. The equations are nondimensionalized, and dimensionless parameters involving both geometry and material properties an identified. C1 USA, Soldier Syst Command, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Godfrey, TA (reprint author), USA, Soldier Syst Command, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU TEXTILE RESEARCH INST PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 625, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 68 IS 5 BP 359 EP 370 DI 10.1177/004051759806800506 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA ZJ912 UT WOS:000073266200006 ER PT J AU Tuttle, RM Lemar, H Burch, HB AF Tuttle, RM Lemar, H Burch, HB TI Clinical features associated with an increased risk of thyroid malignancy in patients with follicular neoplasia by fine-needle aspiration SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID SOLITARY PULMONARY NODULES; CYTOLOGIC FINDINGS; BIOPSY; DIAGNOSIS; CANCER; MANAGEMENT; DISEASE; PROBABILITY; BENIGN; AGE AB The application of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) to the evaluation of the thyroid nodule has greatly enhanced the ability of the clinician to appropriately select patients for thyroidectomy. However, despite extensive experience with thyroid FNA, the cytological distinction of benign from malignant follicular neoplasia remains problematic. As a result, most patients with FNA findings of a follicular neoplasm are referred for thyroidectomy. The goal of the present study was to develop clinical criteria capable of predicting malignancy in patients with an FNA diagnosis of follicular neoplasm, Among 1121 patients undergoing thyroid FNA at two large teaching centers during the period 1990 to 1995, 149 patients had cytological findings consistent with a follicular neoplasm. Among 103 patients referred for thyroidectomy, 22 (21%) were found to have a malignancy in the biopsied nodule. Among patients subjected to thyroidectomy, the risk of malignancy was significantly higher when follicular neoplasia was present in a male (43% vs. 16% for females, p = 0.007), when the nodule was greater than 4 cm to palpation (40% vs. 13% for nodules less than 4 cm, p = 0.03), or when the nodule was judged to be solitary by palpation (25% vs. 6% for a dominant nodule in a multinodular goiter, p = 0.02). Bayesian analysis of the data reveals that after an FNA showing a follicular neoplasm, the risk of malignancy in males with large nodules was nearly 80%, compared with a rate of only 3% in females with small nodules. These results suggest that clinical features including gender, nodule size, and character of the gland by palpation can be systematically integrated into the decision analysis, thereby improving the selection of patients for surgical referral. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Endocrinol, Endocrine Clin 7D, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Endocrinol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Tuttle, RM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Endocrinol, Endocrine Clin 7D, Bldg 2,6800 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 27 TC 174 Z9 178 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1050-7256 EI 1557-9077 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD MAY PY 1998 VL 8 IS 5 BP 377 EP 383 DI 10.1089/thy.1998.8.377 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA ZP509 UT WOS:000073760600003 PM 9623727 ER PT J AU Besing, J Koehnke, J Abouchacra, K Letowski, T AF Besing, J Koehnke, J Abouchacra, K Letowski, T TI Contemporary approaches to audiological assessment in young children SO TOPICS IN LANGUAGE DISORDERS LA English DT Article ID HEARING-IMPAIRED LISTENERS; SPEECH-INTELLIGIBILITY; REVERBERATION; NOISE; LOCALIZATION; PERCEPTION AB It is a continual challenge for clinical audiologists to obtain valid and reliable information concerning the auditory sensitivity and auditory processing abilities of young children, especially those with language disorders. The majority of the tests that are available for use with young children do not provide much information regarding the problems they are Likely to encounter in typical communication situations. This paper describes a new "class" of auditory tests designed to evaluate the ability of young children to (1) detect commonly encountered sounds, (2) localize sound sources, and (3) understand speech in noise. These tests appear to be sensitive to the effects of auditory pathology and to the normal development of auditory processing skills. C1 Univ S Alabama, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Besing, J (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASPEN PUBL INC PI FREDERICK PA 7201 MCKINNEY CIRCLE, FREDERICK, MD 21704 USA SN 0271-8294 J9 TOP LANG DISORD JI Top. Lang. Disord. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 18 IS 3 BP 52 EP 70 PG 19 WC Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA ZF565 UT WOS:000072910200007 ER PT J AU Sheridan, RE AF Sheridan, RE TI Gating and permeability of ion channels produced by botulinum toxin types A and E in PC12 cell membranes SO TOXICON LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYER MEMBRANES; NEUROTOXIN FORMS CHANNELS; PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS; TETANUS TOXIN; CLOSTRIDIAL NEUROTOXINS; A NEUROTOXIN; HEAVY-CHAIN; DIPHTHERIA; INHIBITION; VESICLES AB Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is known to produce cationic channels in artificial bilayers, This study examined ion channels formed by BoNT in native membranes from cultured PC12 cells under conditions approximating those thought to occur during toxin internalization. Membrane patches were excised from PC12 cells using patch electrodes and exposed to symmetrical solutions containing either 200 mM CsCl, RbCl or KCl. The patch pipettes also contained 1-5 mu g/ml BoNT buffered to pH 5.3 while the bath solutions were buffered to pH 7.0. In the presence of toxin, bursts of ion channel openings were observed. These toxin-induced channels were most active with a negative voltage applied to the same side as the toxin (cis). The increased activity at negative voltages was due to an increase in mean open time of e-fold per 120 mV and a decrease in mean closed time between bursts of e-fold per 110 mV. The shorter mean closed time within a burst was independent of membrane voltage. While BoNT-induced ion channels started as a single conductance level of 27 pS (KCl), 34 pS (RbCl) or 46 pS (CsCl) they typically increased in roughly equal steps to five or more times the original channel conductance. These higher conductance BoNT 'channels' opened and closed synchronously and could be distinguished from superposition of multiple independent channels. Despite differences in putative transmembrane sequences between BoNT/A and BoNT/E, both serotypes evidenced the same channel conductance and mean open time. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sheridan, RE (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 30 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD MAY PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 703 EP 717 DI 10.1016/S0041-0101(97)00131-1 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA ZR332 UT WOS:000073963500002 PM 9655631 ER PT J AU Li, QG Peggins, JO Lin, AJ Masonic, KJ Trotman, KM Brewer, TG AF Li, QG Peggins, JO Lin, AJ Masonic, KJ Trotman, KM Brewer, TG TI Pharmacology and toxicology of artelinic acid: preclinical investigations on pharmacokinetics, metabolism, protein and red blood cell binding, and acute and anorectic toxicities SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Annual Meeting of the International-Society-for-the-Study-of-Xenobiotics CY OCT 26-30, 1997 CL HILTON HEAD ISL, SOUTH CAROLINA SP Int Soc Study Xenobiot DE malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; chemotherapy; artelinic acid; pharmacokinetics; anorectic toxicity; protein binding; erythrocyte binding ID REDUCTIVE ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ANTIMALARIAL DRUG; PLASMODIUM-BERGHEI; ARTEMISININ; ARTEETHER; MALARIA; DERIVATIVES; ARTESUNATE; DIHYDROARTEMISININ AB The pharmacokinetics, metabolism, protein binding, red blood cell (RBC) binding, stability in vitro, and acute and anorectic toxicity of artelinic acid (ARTL) were investigated in various animal species and human blood samples. Absorption and distribution following IO mg/kg intramuscular or oral administration in dogs and rats were very rapid with t(1/2) 0.12-0.54; there were also a high AUC (11262 ng/h/ml) and V-SS (9.5 L/kg), low CL (15 mL/min/kg) and long elimination time (t(1/2 )= 2.6 h), compared with rat data. Oral bioavailability of ARTL was 79.7% in dogs and 30.1% in rats. The conversion of ARTL to dihydroartemisinin (DART) in dogs (0.1-0.5% of total dose) after 3 routes of administration (intravenous, intramuscular and oral) was 10-fold lower than that in rats. In rats dosed with [C-14]ARTL, unchanged ARTL accounted for less than 13% of the total radioactivity after all ? administration routes, suggesting that ARTL was extensively biotransformed. The half-lives of total radioactivity (21-49 h) in urine were much longer than that of unchanged ARTL in plasma (1.4-3.7 h), indicating that some long-lasting metabolites of ARTL were formed in rats. The mass balance data showed that 77-83% of total radioactivity was recovered in urine and faeces. High binding capacity (79-95%) and low binding affinity (1.1-9.3x 10(-7) M) of ARTL were measured in rat, rabbit, dog, monkey and human plasma. The RBC/plasma ratios of [C-14]ARTL were 0.35 and 0.44 for dog and human plasma, respectively ARTL was much more stable than artesunic acid (ARTS) in rat and dog plasma, and both ARTL and ARTS were more stable in dog plasma than in rat plasma tit vitro. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of ARTL in rats was about 535 mg/kg. Multiple intramuscular dosing for 7 d of 50 mg/kg/d of ARTL caused mild anorectic toxicity compared to ARTS in rats. In contrast to 4 other artemisinin derivatives, ARTL seems to be a good antimalarial candidate as it has the highest plasma concentration, the highest binding capacities in RBC, the highest oral bioavailability, the longest elimination half-life, the lowest metabolism rate and the lowest toxicity at equivalent dose levels. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Li, QG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 46 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC TROPICAL MEDICINE PI LONDON PA MANSON HOUSE 26 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 4EY SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 92 IS 3 BP 332 EP 340 DI 10.1016/S0035-9203(98)91033-1 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA ZV615 UT WOS:000074322800025 PM 9861411 ER PT J AU Ruddell, JP Lippert, LE Babcock, JG Hess, JR AF Ruddell, JP Lippert, LE Babcock, JG Hess, JR TI Effect of 24-hour storage at 25 degrees C on the in vitro storage characteristics of CPDA-1 packed red cells SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID BLOOD AB BACKGROUND: Packed red cells (RBCs) warmed above 10 degrees C are generally discarded. Few data exist on the degree of accelerated metabolism and increased hemolysis of packed RBCs allowed to warm. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Twenty-four CPDA-1 packed RBC units were combined in 3-unit pools and subdivided into 2 test units and a control unit. One test unit from each pool was warmed to 25 degrees C for 24 hours on Day 6 and the other test unit was warmed on Day 20; control units were maintained at 1 to 6 degrees C. RBC and supernatant chemistries and RBC morphology were measured weekly (Days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28) and on the day before warming (Days 6 and 20). RESULTS: Warming CPDA-1 packed RBCs accelerated the catabolism of glucose 10-fold and produced concentrations of glucose, lactate, and ATP after 25 days of storage that were equivalent to those in unwarmed units at 35 days. Supernatant sodium and potassium concentrations were corrected partially with warming. RBC morphology transiently normalized with warming and without increased hemolysis; no bacteria growth was detected. CONCLUSION: One day of 25 degrees C storage of CPDA-1 packed RBCs accelerates essential metabolite breakdown equivalent to 10 days of storage at 1 to 6 degrees C. It does not appear to matter whether the packed RBCs are warmed on Day 6 or Day 20. This information may be useful in determining the acceptability of blood allowed to warm above 10 degrees C. C1 USA, Blood Res Lab, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Rockville, MD USA. RP Lippert, LE (reprint author), USA, Blood Res Lab, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 1413 Res Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 14 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD MAY PY 1998 VL 38 IS 5 BP 424 EP 428 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1998.38598297209.x PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA ZU086 UT WOS:000074159800002 PM 9633553 ER PT J AU Murphy, GP Kenny, GM Ragde, H Wolfert, RL Boynton, AL Holmes, EH Misrock, SL Bartsch, G Klocker, H Pointner, J Reissigl, A McLeod, DG Douglas, T Morgan, T Gilbaugh, J AF Murphy, GP Kenny, GM Ragde, H Wolfert, RL Boynton, AL Holmes, EH Misrock, SL Bartsch, G Klocker, H Pointner, J Reissigl, A McLeod, DG Douglas, T Morgan, T Gilbaugh, J TI Measurement of serum prostate-specific membrane antigen, a new prognostic marker for prostate cancer SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSION; ASSAYS AB Objectives. To describe current results with Western blot assay for prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) using 7E11.C5 antibody and the development of an additional antibody measurement for PSMA by a new sandwich immunoassay. Methods. A population of patients from a screening group, from a difficult diagnostic group, from a pre-and postoperative radical prostatectomy group, and from a group with metastatic disease followed for a serial period, provided the serum values for a prospective assessment of PSMA by Western blot assay. A new monoclonal antibody was sought, reacting to the C-terminal region of PSMA in order to develop a sandwich radioimmunoassay. Results. PSMA values in screened patients correlate with the more advanced stage of the cancers determined. In postprostatectomy patients, the PS MA value corresponds more with preoperative values and with the values of those with a poor clinical course. In difficult diagnostic cases, the PSMA value is increased, specifically in hormone-refractory cases and particularly in those cases judged by other criteria, such as the National Prostatic Cancer Project, to be in clinical progression compared with those judged to be in clinical remission. The level of PSMA value appears to be independent of homogeneous tumor volume and to be more related to that of prior hormone treatment, or to where prostate cancer cells can be documented to be outside the prostate. A new monoclonal antibody, 3F5.4G6, reacts with the extracellular domain of PSMA near the C-terminal region. This is in contrast to the previously measured antibody 7E11.C5, which reacts with an N-terminal epitope. 3F5.4G6 recognizes the same PSMA protein as does 7E11.C5. The epitopes are essentially at opposite ends of the molecule. The 3F5.4G6 antibody reacts with the LNCaP line but not with DU145, or PC3. These two antibodies to PSMA are well suited for use in a new sandwich immunoassay. Conclusions. PSMA provides a prostatic cancer serum test by using Western blot, which suggests a clinical prognostic value not seen with other markers. New antibodies, such as 3F5.4G6, reacting with the extracellular domain of PSMA combined with 7E11.C5, appear to offer an opportunity for a new sandwich immunoassay. (C) 1998, Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 NW Hosp, Pacific NW Canc Fdn, Canc Res Div, Seattle, WA USA. Hybritech Inc, Div Diagnost Res & Dev, San Diego, CA USA. Pennie & Edmonds, New York, NY USA. Univ Innsbruck, Dept Urol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Washington, DC USA. RP Murphy, GP (reprint author), Pacific NW Res Fdn, Dept Canc Res, 120 Northgate Plaza,Suite 205, Seattle, WA 98125 USA. NR 16 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD MAY PY 1998 VL 51 IS 5A SU S BP 89 EP 97 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(98)00082-X PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZQ448 UT WOS:000073863100018 PM 9610563 ER PT J AU Rozanski, TA Salazar, F Thompson, IM AF Rozanski, TA Salazar, F Thompson, IM TI Direct vision bladder catheterization using a short rigid ureteroscope SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article AB We describe the use of a short, rigid ureteroscope to place a Foley catheter into the bladder under direct vision. The Circon ACMI MICRO-6 short ureteroscope was passed through a 22F Foley catheter modified with a catheter punch device. The catheter was placed rapidly and without difficulty in 2 patients with significant undermining of the trigone after transurethral incision of the prostate. This technique is rapid, simple, and avoids the potential complications of blind catheter placement following difficult transurethral procedures. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Urol Clin MCHE SDU, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Rozanski, TA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Urol Clin MCHE SDU, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD MAY PY 1998 VL 51 IS 5 BP 827 EP 828 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(98)00012-0 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZP379 UT WOS:000073746400024 PM 9610600 ER PT J AU Bauer, JJ McLeod, DG AF Bauer, JJ McLeod, DG TI Hepatic subcapsular extension of pelvic lymphocele after radical retropubic prostatectomy SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article AB Lymphoceles are a rare symptomatic complication after radical prostatectomy occurring in less than 5% of cases. We present a case of a symptomatic lymphocele that occurred after a radical retropubic prostatectomy and obturator lymphadenectomy. The lymphocele dissected along the retroperitoneum and extended into the hepatic subcapsular space and became secondarily infected with Candida albicans. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP McLeod, DG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD MAY PY 1998 VL 51 IS 5 BP 846 EP 848 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(98)00009-0 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZP379 UT WOS:000073746400031 PM 9610607 ER PT J AU Konishi, E Kurane, I Mason, PW Shope, RE Kanesa-Thasan, N Smucny, JJ Hoke, CH Ennis, FA AF Konishi, E Kurane, I Mason, PW Shope, RE Kanesa-Thasan, N Smucny, JJ Hoke, CH Ennis, FA TI Induction of Japanese encephalitis virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in humans by poxvirus-based JE vaccine candidates SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Japanese encephalitis; recombinant vaccine; cytotoxic T lymphocytes ID PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSES; ENVELOPE PROTEIN; IMMUNIZATION; GLYCOPROTEIN; PROTECTION; HIV-1; MICE; CELLS; INFECTION; BIOLOGY AB Poxvirus-based recombinant Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine candidates, NYVAC-JEV and ALVAC-JEV, were examined for their ability to induce JE virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in a phase I clinical trial. These vaccine candidates encoded the JE virus premembrane (prM), envelope (E) and non-structural 1 (NS1) proteins. The volunteers received subcutaneous inoculations with each of these candidates on days 0 and 28, and blood was drawn 2 days before vaccination and on day 58. Anti-E and anti-NS1 antibodies were elicited in most vaccinees inoculated with NYVAC-JEV and in some vaccinees inoculated with ALVAC-JEV. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from approximately one half of vaccines showed positive proliferation in response to stimulation of live JE virus. Cytotoxic assays demonstrated the presence of JE virus-specific CTLs in in vitro-stimulated PBMCs obtained from two NYVAC-JEV and two ALVAC-JEV vaccinees. Cell depletion tests using PBMCs from one NYVAC-JEV recipient indicated that the phenotype of CTLs was CD8(+)CD4(-). (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Kobe Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Zool, Kobe, Hyogo 650, Japan. Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Yale Arbovirus Res Unit, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Konishi, E (reprint author), Kobe Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Zool, Kobe, Hyogo 650, Japan. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI10987-17, R01-AI30624] NR 39 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY PY 1998 VL 16 IS 8 BP 842 EP 849 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00265-X PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZP179 UT WOS:000073725300011 PM 9627942 ER PT J AU Saikh, KU Sesno, J Brandler, P Ulrich, RG AF Saikh, KU Sesno, J Brandler, P Ulrich, RG TI Are DNA-based vaccines useful for protection against secreted bacterial toxins? Tetanus toxin test case SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE DNA vaccines; tetanus toxin; cytotoxic T-cells ID PULSED DENDRITIC CELLS; SOLUBLE-PROTEIN; T-CELLS; IMMUNITY; PEPTIDE; VACCINATION; VIRUS; POPULATION; EXPRESSION; INFLUENZA AB Polypeptide and DNA vaccine alternatives to the conventional tetanus toroid were compared. Mouse immunizations with plasmid DNA that encoded the tetanus toxin C fragment polypeptide induced consistently lower antibody responses than direct immunization with the C fragment polypeptide or toxoid, yet provided some degree of protection from a lethal toxin challenge. Cytotoxic T-cell responses dominated DNA immunizations, while specific T-cell proliferation resulted from all vaccines tested. Immune responses to the DNA vaccine exhibited a T-helper type-1 propensity, while polypeptides elicited T-helper type-2 responses. The lower-antibody response to the plasmid vaccine was not due to insufficient quantity of C fragment in vivo but was likely the result of a mode of antigen presentation that was less efficient for supporting antibody production. Collectively, these results suggest that polypeptide or toxoid vaccines are preferable to plasmid-based vaccination for control of diseases caused by tetanus toxin. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ulrich, RG (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 36 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 16 IS 9-10 BP 1029 EP 1038 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00280-6 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZV083 UT WOS:000074266800027 PM 9682355 ER PT J AU Pratt, WD Gibbs, P Louise, M Pitt, M Schmaljohn, AL AF Pratt, WD Gibbs, P Louise, M Pitt, M Schmaljohn, AL TI Use of telemetry to assess vaccine induced protection against parenteral and aerosol infections of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus in non-human primates SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Venezuelan equine encephalitis; non-human primate; aerosol exposure ID RHESUS-MONKEYS; MUTATIONS; MUTANTS; MICE AB Two investigational vaccines, TC-83 (live-attenuated) and C-84 (formalin-inactivated), are currently available to immunize at-risk individuals against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE). Ideally, such vaccines should protect against both the natural mosquito-bonze route of infection and from aerosol, the most common route of laboratory infection. Whereas considerable data on vaccine efficacy following parenteral challenge are available, the efficacy of these vaccines against disease caused by aerosol exposure is not well established in primates. We compared the immunogenicity and protective capacity of TC-83 and C-84 against either subcutaneous or aerosol routes of infection in cynomolgus monkeys implanted with temperature-monitoring radiotelemetry devices. A single s.c. dose of TC-83, or three s.c. doses (days 0, 7, 28) of C-84, elicited similar serum virus-neutralizing antibody responses. Animals immunized with either TC-83 or C-84 were protected against s.c. infection. In contrast, after aerosol infection, 40% of the animals vaccinated with either TC-83 or C-84 developed signs nearly as severe as those seen in unvaccinated animals. Protection was not entirely consistent with the measured preinfection immune responses, unprotected animals had serum virus-neutralizing antibody titers and lymphoproliferative responses similar to those seen in protected animals. In this study, C-84 (three doses) protected monkeys as well as TC-83 (one dose) against either a s.c. or aerosol VEE challenge. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Biometr & Informat Management, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Pratt, WD (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 32 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 16 IS 9-10 BP 1056 EP 1064 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00192-8 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZV083 UT WOS:000074266800031 PM 9682359 ER PT J AU Thomas, SL Young, VY Hoke, S AF Thomas, SL Young, VY Hoke, S TI Photochemical hydrogen iodide gas generation from iodomethane and 2-iodopropane SO JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE photochemistry; hydrogen iodide gas generation; iodomethane; 2-iodopropane AB The photochemistry of iodomethane has been widely studied, but quantitative product yields for hydrogen iodide gas have not been reported. The photochemistry of 2-iodopropane has not been as widely studied, but it has been reported that trace amounts of hydrogen iodide gas are formed. However, quantitative product yields for hydrogen iodide gas have not been reported for this reactant either. In this paper, we report results for the percentage yields of hydrogen iodide gas, as obtained by potentiometry, when iodomethane or 2-iodomethane are photolyzed at 253.7 nm. For iodomethane, the statistical most likely estimator is 3.8 X 10(-3)%, and the set maximum is 0.049%. For 2-iodopropane, the statistical most likely estimator is 0.26%, and the set maximum is 3.68%. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Young, VY (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem, POB 117200, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1010-6030 J9 J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A JI J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem. PD APR 30 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 3 BP 167 EP 171 DI 10.1016/S1010-6030(98)00213-5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ZP007 UT WOS:000073706000001 ER PT J AU Taylor, S Lever, JH Harvey, RP AF Taylor, S Lever, JH Harvey, RP TI Accretion rate of cosmic spherules measured at the South Pole SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID DEEP-SEA SEDIMENTS; NATURAL-CONVECTION; MASS-DISTRIBUTION; BLUE ICE; DUST; ANTARCTICA; GREENLAND; INFLUX; WATER AB Micrometeorites are terrestrially collected, extraterrestrial particles smaller than about 1 mm, which account for most of the mass being accreted to the Earth(1,2). Compared with meteorites, micrometeorites more completely represent the Earth-crossing meteoroid complex(3,4) and should include fragments of asteroids, comets, Mars and our Moon, as well as pre-solar and interstellar grains(3,6). Previous measurements of the flux of micrometeoroids that survive to the Earth's surface have large uncertainties owing to the destruction of particles by weathering(7-9), inefficiencies in magnetic collection or separation techniques(7-9), low particle counts(10,11), poor age constraint(7-9,12,13) or highly variable concentrating processes(12,13), Here we describe an attempt to circumvent these problems through the collection of thousands of well preserved and dated micrometeorites from the bottom of the South Pole water well, which supplies drinking water for the Scott-Amundsen station. Using this collection, we have determined precise estimates of the flu and mass distribution for 50-700-mu m cosmic spherules (melted micrometeorites). Allowing for the expected abundance of unmelted micrometeorites(1)4 in the samples, our results indicate that about 90% of the incoming mass of submillimetre particles evaporates during atmospheric entry. Our data indicate the loss of glass-rich and small stony spherules from deep-sea deposits(7,8), and they provide constraints for models describing the survival probability of micrometeoroids(15,16). C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Lever, JH (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM jlever@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 30 TC 110 Z9 111 U1 1 U2 12 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD APR 30 PY 1998 VL 392 IS 6679 BP 899 EP 903 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZK759 UT WOS:000073359900041 PM 9582069 ER PT J AU Phillips, PJ Wechsler, H Huang, J Rauss, PJ AF Phillips, PJ Wechsler, H Huang, J Rauss, PJ TI The FERET database and evaluation procedure for face-recognition algorithms SO IMAGE AND VISION COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE face recognition; algorithm evaluation; image databases ID VISION; SYSTEMS AB The Face Recognition Technology (FERET) program database is a large database of facial images, divided into development and sequestered portions. The development portion is made available to researchers, and the sequestered portion is reserved for testing face-recognition algorithms. The FERET evaluation procedure is an independently administered test of face-recognition algorithms. The test was designed to: (1) allow a direct comparison between different algorithms, (2) identify the most promising approaches, (3) assess the state of the art in face recognition, (4) identify future directions of research, and (5) advance the state of the art in face recognition. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Phillips, PJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Rauss, Patrick/A-3029-2011 NR 30 TC 979 Z9 1022 U1 6 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0262-8856 J9 IMAGE VISION COMPUT JI Image Vis. Comput. PD APR 27 PY 1998 VL 16 IS 5 BP 295 EP 306 DI 10.1016/S0262-8856(97)00070-X PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics GA ZK866 UT WOS:000073371700001 ER PT J AU Das, R Terry-Koroma, B Jett, M AF Das, R Terry-Koroma, B Jett, M TI Characterization of fatty acid binding proteins in prostate cancer cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 24 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 8 SU S MA 395 BP A1378 EP A1378 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 260QN UT WOS:000083961500550 ER PT J AU Garcia, GE Moorad, D Doctor, BP Gordon, RK AF Garcia, GE Moorad, D Doctor, BP Gordon, RK TI Botulinum B toxin activity is inhibited by Buforin I. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 24 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 8 SU S MA 940 BP A1472 EP A1472 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 260QN UT WOS:000083961501093 ER PT J AU Kirby, SD Maxwell, DM Broomfield, CA AF Kirby, SD Maxwell, DM Broomfield, CA TI Identification of the active site glutamic acid residue in human carboxylesterase by site-directed mutagenesis SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, APG, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 24 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 8 SU S MA 783 BP A1446 EP A1446 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 260QN UT WOS:000083961500937 ER PT J AU Martens, ME Sweeney, RE AF Martens, ME Sweeney, RE TI Development of a computer model for glycolysis in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. DAKKRO Corp, Bel Air, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 24 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 8 SU S MA 496 BP A1396 EP A1396 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 260QN UT WOS:000083961500650 ER PT J AU Mendis, C Das, R Yang, D Jett, M AF Mendis, C Das, R Yang, D Jett, M TI Additive effect of LPS on staph enterotoxin B induced signal transduction pathways in human lymphoid cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 24 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 8 SU S MA 1015 BP A1485 EP A1485 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 260QN UT WOS:000083961501170 ER PT J AU Miller, A Stott, D Chacko, T Maxwell, D Schlager, J Lanclos, K AF Miller, A Stott, D Chacko, T Maxwell, D Schlager, J Lanclos, K TI Expression of a secretory human liver carboxylesterase SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Coll Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 24 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 8 SU S MA 821 BP A1452 EP A1452 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 260QN UT WOS:000083961500974 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Fedorko, JM Kozikowski, AP Taylor, P Doctor, BP AF Saxena, A Fedorko, JM Kozikowski, AP Taylor, P Doctor, BP TI Identification of residues involved in the binding of E2020 to mammalian acetylcholinesterase. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 24 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 8 SU S MA 841 BP A1455 EP A1455 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 260QN UT WOS:000083961500995 ER PT J AU Tolnay, M Vereshchagina, LA Tsokos, GC AF Tolnay, M Vereshchagina, LA Tsokos, GC TI Regulation of the complement receptor 2 (CR2) gene by a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein and AP-2 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 24 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 8 SU S MA 467 BP A1390 EP A1390 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 260QN UT WOS:000083961500621 ER PT J AU Behl, WK Plichta, EJ AF Behl, WK Plichta, EJ TI Stability of aluminum substrates in lithium-ion battery electrolytes SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE aluminum substrate; lithium-ion battery; electrolytes ID CONDUCTIVITY AB The stability of aluminum positive electrode substrates in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries was investigated in solutions of lithium imide salt in ethylene carbonate-propylene carbonate-dimethyl carbonate (20:20:60 vol.%) using the technique of controlled potential coulometry. It was found that the protective surface film formed on aluminum in these solutions breaks down at potentials above 3.5 V during the charging of lithium-ion cells resulting in the corrosion of aluminum substrates and the premature failure of these cells. It was also found that the use of lithium tetrafluoroborate as an electrolyte additive prevents the breakdown of the protective film on aluminum substrates and prevents their corrosion at potentials above 3.5 V. In contrast to the lithium imide solutions, the aluminum substrates were found to be quite stable in lithium methide electrolyte solutions and did not undergo any significant corrosion at potentials up to about 4.25 V vs. the lithium reference electrode. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USA, CECOM, Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Behl, WK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 6 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR 21 PY 1998 VL 72 IS 2 BP 132 EP 135 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(97)02700-6 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA ZV305 UT WOS:000074291300005 ER PT J AU English, JC Canchola, DR Finley, EM AF English, JC Canchola, DR Finley, EM TI Axillary basal cell carcinoma: A need for full cutaneous examination SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID MOHS MICROGRAPHIC SURGERY; NONMELANOMA SKIN-CANCER; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; UNITED-STATES; DERMATOLOGY PATIENTS; SELF-EXAMINATION; RISK-FACTORS; YIELD AB Basal cell carcinoma is the mast common skin malignancy While this lesion most often occurs in sun-exposed areas of the skin, it can also develop in sites that are not usually exposed to sunlight or artificial ultraviolet radiation, such as the breast, palm or groin. A periodic complete examination of the skin should be performed to ensure that atypical presentations of basal cell carcinoma are not overlooked or misdiagnosed. Treatment options include curettage and desiccation, cryosurgery; surgical excision, radiotherapy and Mohs micrographic surgery. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP English, JC (reprint author), 1940 Avalon Ct, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 8 BP 1860 EP 1864 PG 5 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZJ827 UT WOS:000073257700015 PM 9575324 ER PT J AU Harris, MD Terrio, J Miser, WF Yetter, JF AF Harris, MD Terrio, J Miser, WF Yetter, JF TI High-altitude medicine SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MOUNTAIN-SICKNESS; MODERATE ALTITUDE; WELL AB As more people enjoy the outdoors, high-altitude illness is increasingly becoming a problem that family physicians across the country must treat. High-altitude illness, which usually occurs at altitudes of over 1,500 m (4,921 ft), is caused primarily by hypoxia but is compounded by cold and exposure. It presents as one of three forms: acute mountain sickness (AMS), high-altitude pulmonary enema (HAPE) and high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE). But high-altitude illness can have many other manifestations. Cardinal symptoms include dyspnea on exertion and at rest, cough, nausea, difficulty sleeping, headache and mental status changes. Treatment requires descent, and gradual acclimatization provides the most effective prevention. Acetazolimide is an effective preventive aid and can be used in certain conditions as treatment. C1 USA, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA USA. RP Harris, MD (reprint author), USA, POB 663, APO, AE 09033 USA. RI Miser, William/E-3686-2011 NR 24 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 8 BP 1907 EP 1914 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZJ827 UT WOS:000073257700021 PM 9575328 ER PT J AU Conner, WC Gallagher, CM Tavaf-Motamen, H Miner, T Shea-Donohue, T AF Conner, WC Gallagher, CM Tavaf-Motamen, H Miner, T Shea-Donohue, T TI Role of enteric nerves in adaptation of the small intestine after ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in the rat. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USUHS, Dept Med & Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G1470 BP A360 EP A360 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)81460-1 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089601460 ER PT J AU Gallagher, CM Conner, WC Tavaf-Montamen, H Miner, T Shea-Donohue, T AF Gallagher, CM Conner, WC Tavaf-Montamen, H Miner, T Shea-Donohue, T TI Two hit model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion: Timing not severity of the second hit causes gut and lung injury. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USUHS, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD USA. USUHS, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G1515 BP A371 EP A371 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)81505-9 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089601505 ER PT J AU Heberle, MF Holtzmuller, KC Bednarek, JM Okada, SK Batzer, WB Sjogren, MH AF Heberle, MF Holtzmuller, KC Bednarek, JM Okada, SK Batzer, WB Sjogren, MH TI Prevalence of hepatitis C and hepatitis G in alcoholics at an inpatient alcoholism recovery facility SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA L0227 BP A1253 EP A1253 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)85086-5 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089605086 ER PT J AU Semancik, G Cassels, F Ryu, H Fleming, E Anderson, J Tseng, LY Pineiro-Carrero, V McQueen, C AF Semancik, G Cassels, F Ryu, H Fleming, E Anderson, J Tseng, LY Pineiro-Carrero, V McQueen, C TI Orogastric challenge of rabbits with human entero-toxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains that adhere to rabbit brush borders in vitro. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. USUHS, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G4433 BP A1082 EP A1083 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)84404-1 PN 2 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604404 ER PT J AU Bliese, PD Halverson, RR AF Bliese, PD Halverson, RR TI Group consensus and psychological well-being: A large field study SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGREEMENT AB Models of group process propose that stressful social environments develop when there is a lack of consensus among group members about issues of relevance to the group. Based on these models, we expected that levels of consensus would be positively related to the average levels of psychological well-being in naturally occurring work groups. An examination of data from 3,546 respondents within 73 work groups revealed that levels of consensus about leadership and peer relations were positively related to the average psychological well-being of the group members, even after controlling for absolute level effects and covariates. In contrast, levels of consensus were not related to the average psychological well-being of group members when identical analyses were conducted using pseudogroups. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Army, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bliese, PD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Army, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 36 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 7 PU V H WINSTON & SON INC PI PALM BEACH PA 360 SOUTH OCEAN BLVD, PH-B, PALM BEACH, FL 33480 USA SN 0021-9029 J9 J APPL SOC PSYCHOL JI J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 28 IS 7 BP 563 EP 580 DI 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01720.x PG 18 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA ZR214 UT WOS:000073951700001 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The boys of '98: Theodore Roosevelt and the rough riders. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 123 IS 7 BP 96 EP 96 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA ZH489 UT WOS:000073116200123 ER PT J AU Gutbrod, T Bayer, M Forchel, A Reithmaier, JP REinecke, TL Rudin, S Knipp, PA AF Gutbrod, T Bayer, M Forchel, A Reithmaier, JP REinecke, TL Rudin, S Knipp, PA TI Weak and strong coupling of photons and excitons in photonic dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INHIBITED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; MICROCAVITY STRUCTURES; QUANTUM MICROCAVITY; CAVITY; WELLS; FIELD; ATOM AB The weak- and strong-coupling regimes of photons and excitons in photonic dots are studied by photoluminescence spectroscopy. Because of the three-dimensional confinement, the optical mode spectrum is split into a set of discrete states in these structures. The energies of the photon states are studied as a function of the dot size and shape. Further, we investigate the formation of cavity polaritons in photonic dots. The Rabi splitting between the polariton branches is found to depend on the lateral size of the dots and on the photon mode. These dependences are related by calculations to changes of the exciton-photon coupling resulting from photon confinement. [S0163-1829(98)00916-3]. C1 Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20856 USA. Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Gutbrod, T (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. RI Reithmaier, Johann/G-8171-2012; OI Reithmaier, Johann/0000-0002-1974-8292; Forchel, Alfred/0000-0002-9377-9935 NR 21 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 57 IS 16 BP 9950 EP 9956 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.9950 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA ZJ381 UT WOS:000073209000077 ER PT J AU Solomon, T Kneen, R Dung, NM Khanh, VG Thuy, TTN Ha, DQ Day, NPJ Nisalak, A Vaughn, DW White, NJ AF Solomon, T Kneen, R Dung, NM Khanh, VG Thuy, TTN Ha, DQ Day, NPJ Nisalak, A Vaughn, DW White, NJ TI Poliomyelitis-like illness due to Japanese encephalitis virus SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; NORTHERN CHINA; ANTIBODIES AB Background Acute flaccid paralysis remains common among Vietnamese children despite a pronounced fall in the incidence of poliomyelitis. Methods During 1995, all 22 children presenting with acute flaccid paralysis to a referral centre in Ho Chi Mlnh City, Vietnam, had virological cultures and antibody measurements done on serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and faeces. A year later the children were reassessed and electrophysiological studies were done. Findings Wild poliovirus type 1 was isolated from the faeces of only one patient, and non-polio enteroviruses from three patients. 12 (55%) of the 22 children with acute flaccid paralysis had evidence of acute Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection, compared with only one (1%) of 88 age-matched hospital controls (children with diphtheria; p<0.0001). Compared with JEV-negative patients, weakness in JEV-infected children was more rapid in onset, tended to be asymmetrical, but was less likely to involve the arms. All 12 children with JEV infection were febrile at the onset of weakness, seven had acute retention of urine, and ten had CSF pleiocytosis. Seven of eight JEV-negative patients met the case-definition of Guillain-Barre syndrome, compared with only one of 12 JEV-positive children. At follow-up, patients with JEV infection had greater disability and were more likely to have muscle wasting than were JEV-negative children. Nerve conduction and electromyographic studies indicated damage to the anterior horn cells. Interpretation JEV causes an acute flaccid paralysis in children that has similar clinical and pathological features to poliomyelitis. In endemic areas, children with acute flaccid paralysis should be investigated for evidence of JEV infection. C1 Cho Quan Hosp, Ctr Trop Dis, Wellcome Trust Clin Res Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. John Radcliffe Hosp, Ctr Trop Med & Infect Dis, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Inst Pasteur, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. USA, Dept Virol, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. RP White, NJ (reprint author), Cho Quan Hosp, Ctr Trop Dis, Wellcome Trust Clin Res Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. RI White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012 FU Wellcome Trust NR 20 TC 130 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 4 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON WC1B 3SL, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD APR 11 PY 1998 VL 351 IS 9109 BP 1094 EP 1097 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)07509-0 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZH269 UT WOS:000073090200011 PM 9660579 ER PT J AU Bloemer, MJ Scalora, M AF Bloemer, MJ Scalora, M TI Transmissive properties of Ag/MgF2 photonic band gaps SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALS AB We present results of transmittance measurements on periodic layers of Ag/MgF2 at optical and microwave frequencies. These one-dimensional, photonic band gap materials exhibit transparency bands at optical frequencies and a huge stop band that extends throughout the near-IR to microwave frequencies and beyond. A unique feature of these metal/dielectric photonic band gap (MD-PBG) materials is that the overall transmittance in the pass band may increase as more periods are deposited. The center frequency, width, and sharpness of the pass bands are adjustable and generally depend on the thickness of the layers and the number of Ag/MgF2 periods. These simple periodic structures have applications as sensor and eye protection devices, heat reflecting windows, ultraviolet blocking films, and transparent electrodes for light emitting diodes and liquid crystal displays. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(98)03214-8]. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSAM RD WS CM, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Bloemer, MJ (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSAM RD WS CM, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 8 TC 164 Z9 172 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 6 PY 1998 VL 72 IS 14 BP 1676 EP 1678 DI 10.1063/1.121150 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA ZG008 UT WOS:000072955400004 ER PT J AU Yang, LP Riley, JL Carroll, RG June, CH Hoxie, J Patterson, BK Ohshima, Y Hodes, RJ Delespesse, G AF Yang, LP Riley, JL Carroll, RG June, CH Hoxie, J Patterson, BK Ohshima, Y Hodes, RJ Delespesse, G TI Productive infection of neonatal CD8(+) T lymphocytes by HIV-1 SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PERSISTENT EXPANSIONS; CELLS; PHENOTYPE; CD4 AB CD8(+) T lymphocytes confer significant but ultimately insufficient protection against HIV infection. Here were report that activated neonatal CD8(+) T cells can be productively infected in vitro by macrophage-tropic (M-tropic) HIV-1 isolates, which are responsible for disease transmission, whearas they are resistant to T cell-tropic (T-tropic) HIV strains. Physiological activation of CD8-alpha/beta(+) CD4(-) cell receptor-alpha/beta(+) neonatal T cells, including activation by allogeneic dendritic cells, induces the accumulation of CD4 messenger RNA and the expression of CD4 Ag on the cell surface. The large majority of anti-CD3/B7.1-activated cord blood CD8(+) T cells coexpress CD4. the primary HIV receptor, as well as CCR5 and CXCR4, the coreceptors used by M- and T-tropic HIV-1 strains, respectively, to enter target cells. These findings are relevant to the rapid progression of neonatal HIV infection. Infection of primary HIV-specific CD8(+) T cells may compromise their survival and thus significantly contribute to the failure of the immune system to control the infection. Furthermore, these results indicate a previously unsuspected level of plasticity in the neonatal immune system in the regulation of CD4 expression by costimulation. C1 Univ Montreal, Notre Dame Hosp, Ctr Rech Louis Charles Simard, Lab Rech Allergie M4211K, Montreal, PQ H2L 4M1, Canada. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NIH, Expt Immunol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Med, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Univ Penn, Div Hematol Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Delespesse, G (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Notre Dame Hosp, Ctr Rech Louis Charles Simard, Lab Rech Allergie M4211K, 1560 Sherbrooke St E, Montreal, PQ H2L 4M1, Canada. EM delespeg@ere.umontreal.ca OI Riley, James/0000-0002-1057-576X NR 30 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD APR 6 PY 1998 VL 187 IS 7 BP 1139 EP 1144 DI 10.1084/jem.187.7.1139 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZH131 UT WOS:000073075900017 PM 9529330 ER PT J AU Navidi, W Murphy, WS Hereman, W AF Navidi, W Murphy, WS Hereman, W TI Statistical methods in surveying by trilateration SO COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS & DATA ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE iteratively reweighted least squares; quasi-likelihood; Monte-Carlo simulation; trilateration; computerized surveying; global positioning system (GPS) AB Trilateration techniques use distance measurements to survey the spatial coordinates of unknown positions. In practice, distances are measured with error, and statistical methods can quantify the uncertainty in the estimate of the unknown location. Three methods for estimating the three-dimensional position of a point via trilateration are presented: a linear least-squares estimator, an iteratively reweighted least-squares estimator, and a non-linear least-squares technique. In general, the non-linear least-squares technique performs best, but in some situations a linear estimator could in theory be constructed that would outperform it. By eliminating the need to measure angles, trilateration facilitates the implementation of fully automated real-time positioning systems similar to the global positioning system (GPS). The methods presented in this paper are tested in the context of a realistic positioning problem that was posed by the Thunder Basin Coal Company in Wright, Wyoming. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, USA, TRADOC Anal Ctr Monterey, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RI Hereman, Willy/E-7783-2010 OI Hereman, Willy/0000-0001-7997-6601 NR 15 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9473 J9 COMPUT STAT DATA AN JI Comput. Stat. Data Anal. PD APR 3 PY 1998 VL 27 IS 2 BP 209 EP 227 DI 10.1016/S0167-9473(97)00053-4 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA ZK160 UT WOS:000073291400006 ER PT J AU Aemisegger, CKD Riegner, DE AF Aemisegger, CKD Riegner, DE TI The evaluation of military apparel to deter chemical warfare agent simulants. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 142-CHED BP U205 EP U205 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA911 UT WOS:000072414400657 ER PT J AU Anagnostopoulos, A Samuelson, LA Alva, KS Cholli, AL Kumar, J Tripathy, SK AF Anagnostopoulos, A Samuelson, LA Alva, KS Cholli, AL Kumar, J Tripathy, SK TI Template-guided enzymatic polymerization of aniline SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Lowell, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 138-PMSE BP U322 EP U322 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA912 UT WOS:000072414501036 ER PT J AU Borge, JM Mohtashamian, A Biaglow, AI Wessel, TE AF Borge, JM Mohtashamian, A Biaglow, AI Wessel, TE TI Solid acid catalysis of the Gatterman Koch reaction. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 202-CHED BP U223 EP U223 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA911 UT WOS:000072414400718 ER PT J AU Bunte, SW Pai, SV Chabalowski, CF Rice, BM AF Bunte, SW Pai, SV Chabalowski, CF Rice, BM TI Atmospheric reactions of the nerve agent sarin (GB): GB+center dot OH -> GB center dot+H2O SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,PC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 202-COMP BP U559 EP U559 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA911 UT WOS:000072414401794 ER PT J AU Famini, GR Engberts, JBFN Perjessy, A Wilson, LY AF Famini, GR Engberts, JBFN Perjessy, A Wilson, LY TI Solvent effect on C=O stretching frequencies of 1-substituted 2-pyrrolidinones and related compounds. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Groningen, Dept Organ & Mol Inorgan Chem, Ctr Engn, Groningen, Netherlands. USA, Edgewood Res, Washington, DC USA. Comenius Univ, Fac Nat Sci, Dept Organ Chem, Bratislava, Slovakia. La Sierra Univ, Dept Chem, Riverside, CA 92515 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 040-COMP BP U516 EP U516 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA911 UT WOS:000072414401632 ER PT J AU Gupta, N AF Gupta, N TI A compact AOTF Raman spectrometer SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 088-ANYL BP U85 EP U85 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA911 UT WOS:000072414400271 ER PT J AU Hoffland, L Jones, WR Nassar, AEF Lucas, SV AF Hoffland, L Jones, WR Nassar, AEF Lucas, SV TI CE & LC/MS/MS for the analysis of chemical warfare agent degradation products. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Treaty Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Thermo BioAnal Corp, Franklin, MA 02038 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Bel Air, MD 21015 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 086-IEC BP U679 EP U679 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA911 UT WOS:000072414402162 ER PT J AU Hoffland, L Jones, WR Nassar, AEF Lucas, SV AF Hoffland, L Jones, WR Nassar, AEF Lucas, SV TI CE & LC/MS/MS for the analysis of chemical warfare agent degradation products SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Treaty Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Thermo Bioanal Corp, Franklin, MA 02038 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Bel Air, MD 21015 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 145-ANYL BP U101 EP U102 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA911 UT WOS:000072414400327 ER PT J AU Hsu, FL Hodrogiannis, G Berg, FJ Rossman, DI AF Hsu, FL Hodrogiannis, G Berg, FJ Rossman, DI TI Ether cleavage of di-[2-(2-chloroethylthio)ethyl] ether (T) and its analogs by chlorotrimethylsilane and sodium iodide. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 196-ORGN BP U59 EP U59 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA912 UT WOS:000072414500197 ER PT J AU Karle, JM Fishman, ML Bhattacharjee, AK AF Karle, JM Fishman, ML Bhattacharjee, AK TI Predicting antimalarial potency of 8-aminoquinolines using molecular electronic properties. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Pharmacol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 142-COMP BP U544 EP U544 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA911 UT WOS:000072414401734 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, DK Rossman, DI Hsu, FL Durst, HD AF Munavalli, S Rohrbaugh, DK Rossman, DI Hsu, FL Durst, HD TI Thiirane ring cleavage with trifluoromethylthiocopper SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Geocenters Inc, APG, MD 20744 USA. USA, Edgewood Res & Dev Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 118-ORGN BP U36 EP U36 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA912 UT WOS:000072414500119 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Rossman, DI Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD AF Munavalli, S Rossman, DI Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD TI Photochemical reaction of trifluoromethylsulfenyl chloride with phenyl cyclopropylpropargylalcohol SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Geo Centers Inc, APG, MD 21010 USA. USA, Edgewood Res & Dev Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 110-ORGN BP U33 EP U34 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA912 UT WOS:000072414500111 ER PT J AU Wagner, GW MacIver, BK AF Wagner, GW MacIver, BK TI Degradation and fate of mustard in soil as determined by C-13 MAS NMR SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, ERDEC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 157-COLL BP U449 EP U449 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA911 UT WOS:000072414401443 ER PT J AU Wilson, AK Guo, Y Chabalowski, CF Thompson, DL AF Wilson, AK Guo, Y Chabalowski, CF Thompson, DL TI Semiclassical calculations of tunneling in aziridine. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 2 PY 1998 VL 215 MA 204-COMP BP U560 EP U560 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA ZA911 UT WOS:000072414401796 ER PT J AU Danielson, KT Namburu, RR AF Danielson, KT Namburu, RR TI Nonlinear dynamic finite element analysis on parallel computers using FORTRAN 90 and MPI SO ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SOFTWARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th National Symposium on Large-Scale Analysis and Design on High-Performance Computers and Workstations CY OCT 15-17, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA AB A nonlinear explicit dynamic finite element code for use on scalable computers is presented. The code was written entirely in FORTRAN 90, but uses MPI for all interprocessor communication. Although MPI is not formally a standard for FORTRAN 90, the code runs properly in parallel on GRAY T3E, IBM SP, and SGI ORIGIN 2000 computing systems. Issues regarding the installation, portability, and effectiveness of the FORTRAN 90-MPI combination on these machines are discussed. An algorithm that overlaps message passing and computations of the explicit finite element equations is also presented and evaluated. Several large-scale ground-shock analyses demonstrate the varying combined importance of load balance and interprocessor communication among the different computing platforms. The analyses were performed on only a few to hundreds of processors with excellent speedup and scalability. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Limited. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Aerosp Engn & Mech Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, CEWES, SD,R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Danielson, KT (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Aerosp Engn & Mech Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 14 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0965-9978 J9 ADV ENG SOFTW JI Adv. Eng. Softw. PD APR-JUL PY 1998 VL 29 IS 3-6 BP 179 EP 186 DI 10.1016/S0965-9978(98)00019-2 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 112LN UT WOS:000075496300002 ER PT J AU Namburu, RR Balsara, JP Bevins, TL Papados, PP Armstrong, BJ AF Namburu, RR Balsara, JP Bevins, TL Papados, PP Armstrong, BJ TI Large-scale explicit computational structural mechanics applications in survivability and protective structures SO ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SOFTWARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th National Symposium on Large-Scale Analysis and Design on High-Performance Computers and Workstations CY OCT 15-17, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE explicit method; CTH; ParaDyn; high-performance computing; survivability and protective structures; computational structural mechanics; buried structures; blast multistory building AB Explicit time integration based finite element and finite difference numerical methods are a natural choice for many military applications related to Survivability and Protective Structures (SPS) research at the US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station (WES), because stress waves and shock waves must be resolved accurately both in space and time. Analyses of large-scale applications using explicit codes with nonlinear constitutive relations are computationally very intensive. Hence, explicit software that takes advantage of multiple processor computers is a solution to efficiently solve practical problems with acceptable run times and memory requirements. This paper discusses early experiences with shared memory and distributed memory multiple processor computers in solving large-scale, nonlinear, practical Army applications using scalable CTH and ParaDyn explicit software. The status of current domain partitioning approaches used for CTH and ParaDyn is briefly discussed. Scalability of the software for solving practical applications is demonstrated, and one of the numerical simulations is compared with the experimental results. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, CEWS, SD,R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Namburu, RR (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, CEWS, SD,R, Bldg 5014,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0965-9978 J9 ADV ENG SOFTW JI Adv. Eng. Softw. PD APR-JUL PY 1998 VL 29 IS 3-6 BP 187 EP 193 DI 10.1016/S0965-9978(98)00045-3 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 112LN UT WOS:000075496300003 ER PT J AU Kimsey, KD Schraml, SJ Hertel, ES AF Kimsey, KD Schraml, SJ Hertel, ES TI Scalable computations in penetration mechanics SO ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SOFTWARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th National Symposium on Large-Scale Analysis and Design on High-Performance Computers and Workstations CY OCT 15-17, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA AB This paper presents an overview of an explicit message-passing paradigm for a Eulerian finite volume method for modeling solid dynamics problems involving shock wave propagation, multiple materials, and large deformations. Three-dimensional simulations of high-velocity impact were conducted on the TBM SP2, the SGI Power Challenge Array, and the SGI Origin 2000. The scalability of the message-passing code on distributed-memory and symmetric multiprocessor architectures is presented and compared to the ideal linear performance. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Limited. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kimsey, KD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0965-9978 J9 ADV ENG SOFTW JI Adv. Eng. Softw. PD APR-JUL PY 1998 VL 29 IS 3-6 BP 209 EP 215 DI 10.1016/S0965-9978(97)00084-7 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 112LN UT WOS:000075496300005 ER PT J AU Mohan, RV Tamma, KK Shires, DR Mark, A AF Mohan, RV Tamma, KK Shires, DR Mark, A TI Advanced manufacturing of large-scale composite structures: process modeling, manufacturing simulations and massively parallel computing platforms SO ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SOFTWARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th National Symposium on Large-Scale Analysis and Design on High-Performance Computers and Workstations CY OCT 15-17, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE large-scale composite structures; process modeling; massively parallel; computing platforms ID CONNECTION MACHINE CM-5; FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD; DYNAMICS; ALGORITHM AB Newly emerging composite manufacturing processes, where there exist only limited industrial experience, demonstrate a definite need for process simulations to reduce the time and cost associated with the product and process developments. The physical and geometric complexity of the net-shape composite structural parts produced by resin transfer molding (RTM) lead to larger computational problem sizes and computational complexity demanding more memory and computational time which can be provided by high-performance and massively parallel computing platforms. The associated computational costs and times for large-scale simulations is a major factor for the effective use of massively parallel computing platforms. However, the limited availability of these massively parallel computing platforms and the demand for their computing resources make it imperative to have improved computational methodologies and algorithms for physical problems for effective use of the massively parallel computing platforms. An effective pure finite element methodology for the process simulation analysis of mold filling in RTM is employed for large-scale process simulation of composite structures and the computational effectiveness of the methodology is demonstrated for large-scale process simulations. The Connection Machine CM-5 is the massively parallel computing platform employed in this study. Issues regarding the implementation and software development of these manufacturing process simulations, behavior of the linear system solution methodologies during large-scale composite manufacturing process simulations, computation and communication loads, performance and scalability are specifically addressed. Demonstrative process simulation applications involving practical large-scale composite structures such as the Comanche helicopter keel beam and an aircraft composite wing box section are also presented. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, Inst Technol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Tamma, KK (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, Inst Technol, 111 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0965-9978 J9 ADV ENG SOFTW JI Adv. Eng. Softw. PD APR-JUL PY 1998 VL 29 IS 3-6 BP 249 EP 263 DI 10.1016/S0965-9978(98)00009-X PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 112LN UT WOS:000075496300009 ER PT J AU Sahu, J Heavey, KR Ferry, EN AF Sahu, J Heavey, KR Ferry, EN TI Computational modeling of multibody aerodynamic interference SO ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SOFTWARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th National Symposium on Large-Scale Analysis and Design on High-Performance Computers and Workstations CY OCT 15-17, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA AB The research effort has focused on the development and application of a versatile overset grid numerical technique to solve multibody aerodynamic problems. The developed numerical capability has been used successfully to determine the aerodynamics and provide critical information on the design and development of two multibody systems: sabot discard from the kinetic-energy (KE) projectile and brilliant anti-armor (BAT) submunition dispersal from the Army Tactical Missile System (TACMS). The complexity and uniqueness of these types of multibody problems result from the aerodynamic interference of the individual components, which include three-dimensional (3-D) shock-shock interactions, shock-boundary layer interactions, and highly viscous-dominated separated-flow regions. The overset grid technique, which is ideally suited to this problem, is used to determine the 3-D interacting flow field of the multibody system and the associated aerodynamic forces and moments at different positions and orientations without the need for costly regridding. The complex physics and fluid dynamics structure of the 3-D aerodynamic interference for these multibody problems has been uniquely identified. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Limited. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Sahu, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0965-9978 J9 ADV ENG SOFTW JI Adv. Eng. Softw. PD APR-JUL PY 1998 VL 29 IS 3-6 BP 383 EP 388 DI 10.1016/S0965-9978(98)00004-0 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 112LN UT WOS:000075496300025 ER PT J AU Kanapady, R Tamma, KK Baddourah, M Mark, A AF Kanapady, R Tamma, KK Baddourah, M Mark, A TI High performance computing on a symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) environment for RTM process modeling of large complex structural geometries SO ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SOFTWARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th National Symposium on Large-Scale Analysis and Design on High-Performance Computers and Workstations CY OCT 15-17, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA DE resin transfer molding; process modeling; parallel computations ID ALGORITHM AB The present paper discusses finite element computational schemes, data structures and interprocessor communication strategies for the implementation of advanced manufacturing simulations with particular emphasis on isothermal resin transfer molding (RTM) process manufacturing simulations on the symmetric multiprocessor (SGI Power Challenge). Thin shell composite mold configurations are used to illustrate the validity of the present implementation of a recently developed and new pure finite element implicit methodology in conjunction with a diagonal preconditioned conjugate gradient method for parallel computations including the process simulations techniques in a SGI Power Challenge node. The techniques developed are applied to large scale problems using a Power Challenge node to demonstrate the practical applicability. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, 111 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0965-9978 EI 1873-5339 J9 ADV ENG SOFTW JI Adv. Eng. Softw. PD APR-JUL PY 1998 VL 29 IS 3-6 BP 399 EP 408 DI 10.1016/S0965-9978(98)00002-7 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 112LN UT WOS:000075496300028 ER PT J AU Giangreco, DM AF Giangreco, DM TI Untitled SO AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Letter C1 USA Command, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Giangreco, DM (reprint author), USA Command, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HISTORICAL REVIEW PI WASHINGTON PA 400 A ST SE, WASHINGTON, DC 20003 USA SN 0002-8762 J9 AM HIST REV JI Am. Hist. Rev. PD APR PY 1998 VL 103 IS 2 BP 663 EP 664 PG 2 WC History SC History GA ZH651 UT WOS:000073133400188 ER PT J AU Stocker, JT Mosijczuk, AD AF Stocker, JT Mosijczuk, AD TI Handling the pediatric tumor SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pediat Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Stocker, JT (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLIN PATHOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 109 IS 4 SU 1 BP S1 EP S3 PG 3 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA ZE264 UT WOS:000072774600001 PM 9533743 ER PT J AU McCollough, ML Cockerell, CJ AF McCollough, ML Cockerell, CJ TI Vesiculo-bullous dermatomyositis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dermatomyositis; vesiculo-bullous dermatomyositis ID MALIGNANCY AB Cutaneous manifestations of dermatomyositis (DM) commonly include Gottron's papules, cuticular erythema and telangiectasia, periorbital edema with a "heliotrope" rash, a papulosquamous eruption of the hairline, face, and trunk, as well as poikiloderma. Very few references can be found concerning vesicular and bullous lesions, however. We present two patients with dermatomyositis who manifested vesicular and bullous lesions who were initially misdiagnosed. Although rare, it is important to recognize this form of DM to avoid misdiagnosis. Furthermore, in some cases, vesiculo-bullous DM may portend a poor prognosis. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol & Pathol, Dallas, TX USA. RP Cockerell, CJ (reprint author), 2330 Butler St,Suite 115, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. NR 13 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0193-1091 J9 AM J DERMATOPATH JI Am. J. Dermatopathol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 20 IS 2 BP 170 EP 174 DI 10.1097/00000372-199804000-00012 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZF476 UT WOS:000072901300012 PM 9557787 ER PT J AU Howell, MR Nang, RN Gaydos, CA Gaydos, JC AF Howell, MR Nang, RN Gaydos, CA Gaydos, JC TI Prevention of adenoviral acute respiratory disease in Army recruits: Cost-effectiveness of a military vaccination policy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LIVE TYPE-7; VACCINES; IMMUNIZATION; TRAINEES; SAFETY AB Introduction: Since 1971 widespread vaccination has limited the number of adenoviral acute respirator?; disease (ARD) outbreaks in Army recruits, Increased vaccine costs have recently threatened the continuation of the vaccination program. Methods: We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis to assess the consequences of changing the year-round Army adenovirus vaccination program to (1) seasonally targeted vaccine administration (only during the high-risk period) ol (2) complete discontinuation of the program from the perspective of total cost to the Army. Costs included vaccination costs and direct and indirect medical and military training costs. Health outcomes were estimated as the number of hospitalizations for ARD prevented, In the reference case, the incidence rate among unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals was 4.06 and 1.5 per 100 person weeks, respectively. Results are expressed for a cohort of 76,171 recruits. Results: In the absence of adenoviral vaccination, a projected 12,370 cases of XRD hospitalization would occur, costing $26.4 million annually, A seasonally targeted program would prevent 7,800 cases of ARD and save $16.1 million over no vaccination. Year-round immunization would not prevent any additional cases but would save $15.5 million over no vaccination. Year-round vaccination would become the cost-effective strategy if ARD incidence during the low-risk months were to increase. Conclusion: Vaccination of army recruits by any schedule was cost-saving due to the high level of prevented disease and averted hospitalizations. Even though a seasonally targeted program provided the greatest cost-savings, year-round vaccination must remain an option due to the potential for adenoviral XRD outbreaks in the low-risk period. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Howell, MR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Infect Dis, Ross Res Bldg,Room 1159,720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010 NR 12 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 1998 VL 14 IS 3 BP 168 EP 175 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(97)00064-0 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA ZF713 UT WOS:000072924600002 PM 9569216 ER PT J AU Grabenstein, JD AF Grabenstein, JD TI Should vaccines require a prescription? SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Editorial Material DE prescriptions; vaccines; Durham-Humphrey Amendment; Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act ID VACCINATION AB OBJECTIVE: TO review the rationale for requiring prescriptions to control vaccine access, in contrast to other medications. DATA SOURCES: Literature on immunization delivery and health-service barriers was reviewed via MEDLINE search and relevant textbooks. Additional literature was obtained from reference lists of pertinent articles. DATA SYNTHESIS: Society controls access to medications to protect consumers. Many medications have changed from prescription-only to over-the-counter (OTC) status. No parenteral drug has been switched, although insulin has long had OTC status. Limiting access to vaccines has advantages in record-keeping, storage, injection quality, and response to anaphylactic reactions. These advantages are outweighed by 600 000 people who will die over the next decade for lack of pneumococcal and influenza immunizations. Physicians see most of those who die of these diseases, but many neglect to vaccinate them. Three options are offered to expand access to these vaccines. The most feasible one involves expanding prescribing authority for pneumococcal and influenza vaccines to all licensed healthcare professionals and paraprofessionals with physiologic and pharmacologic expertise to responsibly vaccinate. Community pharmacies offer advantages as immunization delivery sites, in terms of proximity, hours of operation, and knowledge of people at highest risk Expanded professional training can ensure high levels of public safeguards while expanding immunization delivery. CONCLUSIONS: Society decides the controls needed to protect the health of the people. If society restricts vaccine access too severely, people die needlessly. Increasing prescribing authority for pneumococcal and influenza vaccines to more health professionals will save many lives. C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, USA, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Grabenstein, JD (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, USA, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM grabenstein@unc.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 USA SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD APR PY 1998 VL 32 IS 4 BP 495 EP 500 DI 10.1345/aph.17313 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ZF388 UT WOS:000072892500016 PM 9562148 ER PT J AU Magnuson, JK Stern, RV Gossett, JM Zinder, SH Burris, DR AF Magnuson, JK Stern, RV Gossett, JM Zinder, SH Burris, DR TI Reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethene to ethene by two-component enzyme pathway SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEHALOSPIRILLUM MULTIVORANS; METHANOGENIC CONDITIONS; DESULFOMONILE-TIEDJEI; ENRICHMENT CULTURE; VINYL-CHLORIDE; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; DEHALOGENASE; TRANSFORMATIONS; PURIFICATION; GROUNDWATER AB Two membrane-bound, reductive dehalogenases that constitute a novel pathway for complete dechlorination of tetrachloroethene (perchloroethylene [PCE]) to ethene were partially purified from an anaerobic microbial enrichment culture containing Dehalococcoides ethenogenes 195. When titanium(III) citrate and methyl viologen were used as reductants, PCE-reductive dehalogenase (PCE-RDase) (51-kDa) dechlorinated PCE to trichloroethene (TCE) at a rate of 20 mu mol/min/mg of protein. TCE-reductive dehalogenase (TCE-RDase) (61 kDa) dechlorinated TCE to ethene. TCE, cis-1,2-dichloroethene, and 1,1-dichloroethene were dechlorinated at similar rates, 8 to 12 mu mol/min/mg of protein. Vinyl chloride and trans-1,2-dichloroethene were degraded at rates which were approximately 2 orders of magnitude lower. The light-reversible inhibition of TCE-RDase by iodopropane and the light-reversible inhibition of PCE-RDase by iodoethane suggest that both of these dehalogenases contain Co(I) corrinoid cofactors. Isolation and characterization of these novel bacterial enzymes provided further insight into the catalytic mechanisms of biological reductive dehalogenation. C1 USAF, Armstrong Lab, Environ Directorate, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Cornell Univ, Microbiol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP USA, ERDEC, SCBRD RTL, Bldg E3150, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jkmagnus@c-mail.apgea.army.mil NR 37 TC 169 Z9 177 U1 6 U2 46 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 64 IS 4 BP 1270 EP 1275 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA ZF412 UT WOS:000072894900016 PM 10671186 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM AF Sciuto, AM TI Assessment of early acute lung injury in rodents exposed to phosgene SO ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acute lung injury; rodents; phosgene ID BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; EPITHELIAL LINING FLUID; II CELLS; GLUTATHIONE; RAT; INHALATION; OZONE; MACROPHAGES; TOXICITY; ACID AB Phosgene is a highly reactive oxidant gas used in the chemical industry. Phosgene can cause life-threatening pulmonary edema by reacting with peripheral lung compartment tissue components. Clinical evidence of edema is not usually apparent until well after the initial exposure. This study was designed to investigate early signs of acute lung injury in rodents within 45-60 min after the start of exposure. Male mice, rats, or guinea pigs were exposed to 87 mg/m(3) (22 ppm) phosgene or filtered room air for 20 min followed by room air washout for 5 min. This concentration-time exposure causes a doubling of lung wet weight within 5 h. After exposure, animals were immediately anesthetized i.p., with pentobarbital. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed and fluid analyzed for total glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and protein concentration. Lungs were perfused with saline to remove blood, freeze-snapped in liquid N-2, analyzed for tissue GSH, and TEARS. Lung edema was assessed gravimetrically by measuring tissue wet/dry (W/D) weight ratios and tissue wet weights (TWW). W/D and TWW were significantly higher in mice for phosgene vs air (P = 0.001, P < 0.0001, respectively), but not in rats or guinea pigs. Tissue TEARS was significantly higher in phosgene-exposed guinea pigs, P = 0.027; however, BAL TBARS was higher in both rats and guinea pigs, P = 0.013 and P = 0.006, respectively. Tissue GSH was significantly lower in phosgene-exposed rats and guinea pigs but not mice, whereas BAL GSH was higher in rats, P < 0.0001. There were significantly higher BAL protein levels in all phosgene-exposed species: mice, P < 0.0001; rats, P < 0.0001; and guinea pigs, P = 0.002. Although there appears to be a species-specific biochemical effect of phosgene exposure for some biochemical indices, measurement of BAL protein in all three species is a better indicator of ensuing edema formation. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 43 TC 42 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0340-5761 EI 1432-0738 J9 ARCH TOXICOL JI Arch. Toxicol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 72 IS 5 BP 283 EP 288 DI 10.1007/s002040050503 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA ZN131 UT WOS:000073613000006 PM 9630014 ER PT J AU Ryerson, CC Kenyon, P AF Ryerson, CC Kenyon, P TI Atmospheric ice ablation processes on Mt Equinox, Vermont, USA SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ablation; shedding; sublimation; melting; ice; Vermont AB The focus of atmospheric icing modeling has been on the accretion of rime and glaze. However, deposition and ablation together determine ice loads because ice persists after it is deposited, and residual ice often remains on structures, contributing to load when later ice accretion occurs. The goal of this study is to identify local and synoptic-scale weather conditions associated with rime and glaze ablation. A total of 77 ablation periods were recorded by time-lapse video for two winters on Mt Equinox, VT, USA. Weather information was acquired from on-site measurements, radiosondes and synoptic charts. Sublimation was the slowest process, whereas melt and mechanical ablation events were the most rapid, lasting less than 5 h. Ablation occurred principally during daylight hours. Wind speeds were similar and slowest during sublimation and melt, with sublimation occurring primarily in westerly winds, and melt occurring within southerly winds. Sublimation air temperatures and relative humidities were lowest, with medians of -11 degrees C and 57%, respectively. In general, melt is most frequent as storms approach, and sublimation is most common as storms depart. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NRG Syst, Hinesburg, VT USA. RP Ryerson, CC (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0169-8095 J9 ATMOS RES JI Atmos. Res. PD APR PY 1998 VL 46 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 75 EP 86 DI 10.1016/S0169-8095(97)00052-5 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ZY518 UT WOS:000074629800008 ER PT J AU Jones, KF AF Jones, KF TI A simple model for freezing rain ice loads SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE freezing; rainfall; ice; models; loading AB There are many models for hindcasting ice loads from meteorological data measured during freezing rain storms. Each model is based on the physics of the ice accretion process and on empirical observations. However, these models predict significantly different ice loads for the same freezing rain storm, making it difficult to use model results to determine design ice loads. In this paper, we describe a simple ice load model that can be used to make conservative back-of-the-envelope calculations of ice loads based on the precipitation rate and wind speed. Using historical weather data from Springfield. IL, we compare the ice loads from this model with those from other models and discuss the reasons for the differences between them. We also compare the modeled and measured ice loads from one well-documented storm that occurred at CRREL's freezing rain weather station. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Jones, KF (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 13 TC 42 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0169-8095 J9 ATMOS RES JI Atmos. Res. PD APR PY 1998 VL 46 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 87 EP 97 DI 10.1016/S0169-8095(97)00053-7 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA ZY518 UT WOS:000074629800009 ER PT J AU Baker, WJ Vukelja, SJ Lee, N Perry, JJ AF Baker, WJ Vukelja, SJ Lee, N Perry, JJ TI High-dose cyclophosphamide, etoposide and carboplatin with autologous bone marrow support for metastatic breast cancer: long-term results SO BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE high-dose chemotherapy; metastatic breast cancer; autologous bone marrow transplantation ID PROGRESSION-FREE SURVIVAL; STEM-CELL SUPPORT; FOLLOW-UP; CHEMOTHERAPY; THIOTEPA; THERAPY; RESCUE AB We report long-term results of high-dose cyclophosphamide, etoposide and carboplatin with ABMT in 20 patients with metastatic breast cancer, Median age of the group was 41 years, ECOG performance status =0 in 18 patients and 1 in two patients. Twelve patients had received adjuvant chemotherapy. Predominant sites of metastases were lung (eight), chest wall (four), liver (four), bone (three) and lymph nodes (three), Response to pretransplant chemotherapy was complete (CR) in four patients, partial (PR) in 10 patients and stable (SD) in five patients, After high-dose chemotherapy eight patients were in CR, six PR, four SD and one progressive disease. Two patients died of regimen-related toxicities (candidal sepsis and alveolar hemorrhage), With a median follow-up period of 55 months (minimum 48 months), 12 patients have died of recurrent breast cancer, one died of toxicity of salvage chemotherapy, two are alive with disease, two are alive and free of progressive disease. One patient with relapsed disease was lost to follow-up. Median event-free survival is 6 months and median overall survival is 17 months, All three of the long-term disease-free survivors had predominantly nodal disease. Two of these three patients presented with metastatic disease and received high-dose chemotherapy with ABMT as part of initial therapy for breast cancer; two of three attained CR to standard-dose cytoreductive therapy; none received doxorubicin-containing adjuvant chemotherapy. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Baker, WJ (reprint author), St Francis Mt Sinai Reg Canc Ctr, 114 Woodland St, Hartford, CT 06105 USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0268-3369 J9 BONE MARROW TRANSPL JI Bone Marrow Transplant. PD APR PY 1998 VL 21 IS 8 BP 775 EP 778 DI 10.1038/sj.bmt.1701173 PG 4 WC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA ZJ990 UT WOS:000073274000005 PM 9603400 ER PT J AU Antman, K Crowley, J Balcerzak, SP Kempf, RA Weiss, RB Clamon, GH Baker, LH AF Antman, K Crowley, J Balcerzak, SP Kempf, RA Weiss, RB Clamon, GH Baker, LH TI A Southwest Oncology Group and Cancer and Leukemia Group B Phase II study of doxorubicin, dacarbazine, ifosfamide, and mesna in adults with advanced osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE adult; rhabdomyosarcoma; Ewing's sarcoma; osteosarcoma ID SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMAS; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; OSTEO-SARCOMA; ADRIAMYCIN; EXPERIENCE; TRIAL AB BACKGROUND. Ewing's sarcomas, osteosarcomas, and rhabdomyosarcomas are significantly more responsive to chemotherapy than other sarcomas. Adjuvant chemotherapy is used routinely based on data from randomized trials. Although a percentage of children with locally advanced or metastatic tumors remain curable, few data exist regarding the tumor's natural history or response and survival in adults. METHODS. This Phase II study evaluated doxorubicin, dacarbazine, ifosfamide, and mesna (MAID) in adults with inoperable or metastatic Ewing's sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Or osteosarcoma. RESULTS. Between 1987-1991, 81 patients were entered; 69 patients were eligible. One patient died of neutropenic infection. Ten patients (14%) responded completely and 34 patients (49%) had a complete or partial response. Response rates were significantly higher for patients with Ewing's sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma than for those with osteosarcoma (77%, 64%, and 26%, respectively; P < 0.005). Although there were no significant differences in progression free survival by histology, survival for patients with Ewing's sarcoma was significantly longer than for patients with osteosarcoma (P = 0.004.) At the time of last follow-up, 7 patients (10%) were alive without progression: 3 with Ewing's sarcoma, 1 with osteosarcoma, a-id 3 with rhabdomyosarcoma. CONCLUSIONS. MAID chemotherapy is an active regimen in adults with advanced or metastatic Ewing's sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. Although there was no direct comparison with a doxorubicin and cisplatin-based regimen, the response rate and survival in patients with osteosarcoma suggest that doxorubicin and cisplatin-based chemotherapy would remain the accepted initial chemotherapy regimen. For patients with rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma, 10-20% of patients remained disease free at 5 years. (C) 1998 American Cancer Society. C1 Columbia Presbyterian Med Ctr, Div Med Oncol, New York, NY 10032 USA. SW Oncol Grp, Ctr Stat, Seattle, WA USA. Ohio State Univ, Ctr Hlth, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ So Calif, Norris Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Antman, K (reprint author), SW Oncol Grp, Operat Off, 14980 Omicron Dr, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA32102, CA37981, CA38926] NR 24 TC 19 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD APR 1 PY 1998 VL 82 IS 7 BP 1288 EP 1295 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19980401)82:7<1288::AID-CNCR11>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZC962 UT WOS:000072636700011 PM 9529020 ER PT J AU Silva, AE McMahon, BJ Parkinson, AJ Sjogren, MH Hoofnagle, JH Di Bisceglie, AM AF Silva, AE McMahon, BJ Parkinson, AJ Sjogren, MH Hoofnagle, JH Di Bisceglie, AM TI Hepatitis B virus DNA in persons with isolated antibody to hepatitis B core antigen who subsequently received hepatitis B vaccine SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; SERUM; POPULATION AB Serum samples from 133 persons who were positive only for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) were retested for seromarkers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) by radioimmunoassay and for HBV DNA by polymerase chain reaction analysis. All persons were subsequently vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine. HBV DNA was found in only five persons, four of whom remained positive during retesting. Most persons had a primary antibody response with three doses of hepatitis B vaccine. Evidence of HBV DNA was not detected in 96% of persons with isolated anti-HBc by EIA. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. NIH, Hepatitis Studies Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Alaska Nat Med Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. RP McMahon, BJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. NR 10 TC 49 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 895 EP 897 DI 10.1086/513918 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZH279 UT WOS:000073091300017 PM 9564471 ER PT J AU Wortmann, GW Fraser, SL Aronson, NE Davis, C Miller, RS Jackson, JD Oster, CN AF Wortmann, GW Fraser, SL Aronson, NE Davis, C Miller, RS Jackson, JD Oster, CN TI Failure of amphotericin B lipid complex in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AMBISOME C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Wortmann, GW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1006 EP 1007 DI 10.1086/517634 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZH279 UT WOS:000073091300047 PM 9564500 ER PT J AU Musio, F Tiu, A AF Musio, F Tiu, A TI Pasteurella multocida peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis SO CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Review DE Pasteurella multocida; peritoneal dialysis; peritonitis; zoonosis ID LIVER-CIRRHOSIS; PATIENT; SEPTICEMIA; MENINGITIS; INFECTION; CAPD; CATS AB Pasteurella multocida infection may occur in multiple sites to include rare involvement of the peritoneal cavity in peritoneal dialysis patients. Six cases of peritonitis associated with this organism have been reported in patients undergoing continuous peritoneal dialysis. A history of close contact with household cats was noted in all cases, with direct trauma to the dialysis tubing frequently seen. In this setting the organism appears to have a short incubation period with florid growth within 24 hours of known contamination. We report a case of Pasteurella multocida peritonitis in a patient treated with continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis and review the literature. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Musio, F (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU DUSTRI-VERLAG DR KARL FEISTLE PI MUNCHEN-DEISENHOFEN PA BAHNHOFSTRABE 9 POSTFACH 49, W-8024 MUNCHEN-DEISENHOFEN, GERMANY SN 0301-0430 J9 CLIN NEPHROL JI Clin. Nephrol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 49 IS 4 BP 258 EP 261 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZG206 UT WOS:000072977800010 PM 9582558 ER PT J AU Temple, HT Flemming, DJ Daniel, JN Sweet, DE AF Temple, HT Flemming, DJ Daniel, JN Sweet, DE TI A progressively enlarging soft tissue mass in a 51-year-old man SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CHONDROID LIPOMA; DIFFERENTIATION; NEOPLASMS; CARTILAGE; TUMOR C1 Univ Virginia, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Orthopaed Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Temple, HT (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, McKim Hall,Box 159, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD APR PY 1998 IS 349 BP 268 EP + PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA ZK599 UT WOS:000073341300033 PM 9584392 ER PT J AU Mulherin, ND AF Mulherin, ND TI Atmospheric icing and communication tower failure in the United States SO COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE communication tower; radio and television; icing; ice accretion; glaze; rime; tower collapse; tower failure AB CRREL has established a database of communication tower collapses (TV, AM, FM, CATV, microwave, cellular, and so forth) that have occurred in the United States due to atmospheric ice accretion. The information was compiled primarily from newspaper articles and telephone interviews but also from a multitude of other sources. The database currently lists 140 such failures of towers, ranging in height from 40 to 2000 ft (12 to 610 m) above ground level (agl), dating as far back as 1959. For each case, the following information is being compiled: (1) structural characteristics of the tower, (2) the geographic location and topography, (3) a description of the collapse, (4) concurrent weather, and (5) damage. The database is growing and therefore not fully analyzed. For many cases, data in all these topic areas do not exist or are not available; some data have yet to be obtained. I present trends in the current information. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Mulherin, ND (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-232X J9 COLD REG SCI TECHNOL JI Cold Reg. Sci. Tech. PD APR PY 1998 VL 27 IS 2 BP 91 EP 104 DI 10.1016/S0165-232X(97)00025-6 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA ZX579 UT WOS:000074532400003 ER PT J AU Liebowitz, J Giles, PK Galvin, T Hluck, G AF Liebowitz, J Giles, PK Galvin, T Hluck, G TI The role of knowledge-based systems in serving as the integrative mechanism across disciplines SO COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Knowledge-based systems (KBS) technology is a critical technology, especially for enhancing productivity and preserving knowledge in times of reengineering and downsizing of organizations. Many people have looked at KBS as simply tools or decision aids. However, we feel that KBS and the knowledge engineering process have much greater implications. This paper describes how KBS could be used as an integrative mechanism across disciplines. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, War Coll, Ctr Strateg Leadership, Chair Artificial Intelligence,Sci & Technol Div, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. USA, War Coll, Knowledge Engn Grp, Chair Artificial Intelligence,Sci & Technol Div, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. RP Liebowitz, J (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Ctr Strateg Leadership, Chair Artificial Intelligence,Sci & Technol Div, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-8352 J9 COMPUT IND ENG JI Comput. Ind. Eng. PD APR PY 1998 VL 34 IS 2 BP 559 EP 564 DI 10.1016/S0360-8352(96)00029-0 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial SC Computer Science; Engineering GA ZL809 UT WOS:000073473700023 ER PT J AU Matzke, SM Castro, CA AF Matzke, SM Castro, CA TI Primacy and recency effects in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) using a serial probe recognition task III. A developmental analysis SO DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE developments; primacy and recency effects; rhesus monkey; learning and memory ID HIPPOCAMPAL-FORMATION; INFANT MONKEYS; MEMORY; DIAZEPAM; ASSOCIATIONS; ACQUISITION; RETENTION; POSITION; RECALL; SYSTEM AB In children, the recency effect emerges prior to the primacy effect. To determine whether-this dissociation is also seen in nonhuman primates, we evaluated the development of the primacy and recency effect in 3 young adult (35 months) and 4 adolescent (21 months) male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) using a six-item serial probe recognition (SPR) task. As predicted, the young adult monkeys displayed both effects, while the adolescent monkeys only displayed the recency effect. Not until after. 26 months of training on the SPR task did the adolescent monkeys exhibit both the primacy and recency effect. Interference and strategy differences ale discussed in tel-ms of the results along with an interpretation of Rudy's (1992) configural association theory of cognitive development. Additional possible explanations for this developmental dissociation include the delayed maturation of the neocortical, hippocampal, and/or cholinergic systems, the latter two having been shown to be important in the expression of the primacy but not the recency effect. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Matzke, SM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0012-1630 J9 DEV PSYCHOBIOL JI Dev. Psychobiol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 32 IS 3 BP 215 EP 224 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2302(199804)32:3<215::AID-DEV5>3.0.CO;2-R PG 10 WC Developmental Biology; Psychology SC Developmental Biology; Psychology GA ZE399 UT WOS:000072788700005 PM 9553731 ER PT J AU Grace, JM Aguilar, AJ Trotman, KM Brewer, TG AF Grace, JM Aguilar, AJ Trotman, KM Brewer, TG TI Metabolism of beta-arteether to dihydroqinghaosu by human liver microsomes and recombinant cytochrome P450 SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ANTIMALARIAL ARTEETHER; HEPATIC-METABOLISM; ARTEMISININ DRUGS; MALARIA; QUINIDINE; ARTEMETHER; PHARMACOKINETICS; IDENTIFICATION; NEUROTOXICITY AB beta-Arteether (AE) is an endoperoxide sesquiterpene lactone derivative currently being developed for the treatment of severe, complicated malaria caused by multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Studies were undertaken to determine which form(s) of human cytochrome P-450 catalyze the conversion of beta-arteether to its deethylated metabolite, dihydroqinghaosu (DQHS), itself a potent antimalarial compound. In human liver microsomes, AE was metabolized to DQHS with a K-m of 53.7 +/- 29.5 mu M and a V-max of 1.64 +/- 1.78 nmol DQHS/min/mg protein. AE biotransformation to DQHS was inhibited by ketoconazole and troleandomycin. Ketoconazole was a competitive inhibitor, with an apparent K-i of 0.33 +/- O.11 mu M. Because AE is being developed for patients who fail primary treatment, it is possible that AE may be involved in life-threatening drug-drug interactions, such as the associated cardiotoxicity of mefloquine and quinidine, Coincubation of AE with other antimalarials showed mefloquine and quinidine to be competitive inhibitors with a mean K-i of 41 and 111 mu M, respectively. Metabolism of AE using human recombinant P450s provided evidence that cytochrome P450s 2B6, 3A4, and 3A5 were the primary isozymes responsible for its deethylation. CYP3A4 metabolized AE to dihydroqinghaosu at a rate approximately 10 times that of CYP2B6 and similar to 4.5-fold greater than that of CYP3A5. These results demonstrate that CYP3A4 is the primary isozyme involved in the metabolism of AE to its active metabolite, DQHS, with secondary contributions by CYP2B6 and -3A5. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Grace, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 40 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD APR PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 313 EP 317 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ZG213 UT WOS:000072978500005 PM 9531517 ER PT J AU Kanesa-thasan, N Chang, GJJ Smoak, BL Magill, A Burrous, MJ Hoke, CH AF Kanesa-thasan, N Chang, GJJ Smoak, BL Magill, A Burrous, MJ Hoke, CH TI Molecular and epidemiologic analysis of dengue virus isolates from Somalia SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Nucleotide sequence analysis was performed on 14 dengue virus isolates (13 dengue-2 viruses and 1 dengue-3 virus) recovered from febrile soldiers in Somalia in 1993. The dengue-e viruses were most closely related to dengue-2 virus recovered in Somalia in 1984. However, differences in nucleotide sequence (0.35% to 1.35%) were evident among the 1993 isolates. These differences were closely associated with the geographic location of the infection as well as with different times of infection at the same location. Genetic difference between strains was not associated with differences in clinical features. Molecular analysis of dengue viruses is a useful adjunct to epidemiologic investigation of their distribution over distance and time. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, DCD&I, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Kanesa-thasan, N (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, DCD&I, 14th & Dahlia St NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM maj.niranjan.kanesa@wrsmtp-ccmail-army.mil NR 12 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR-JUN PY 1998 VL 4 IS 2 BP 299 EP 303 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZQ811 UT WOS:000073905300020 PM 9621203 ER PT J AU Koplovitz, I Skvorak, JP AF Koplovitz, I Skvorak, JP TI Electrocorticographic changes during generalized convulsive status epilepticus in soman intoxicated rats SO EPILEPSY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE acetylcholinesterase; excitotoxicity; soman; status epilepticus; convulsions ID INDUCED SEIZURES AB Generalized convulsive status epilepticus (GCSE) is the most common and potentially most damaging form of status epilepticus (SE). It has been previously reported, in both human GCSE and animal models of GCSE, that the electroencephalographs (EEGs) and electrocorticographs (ECoGs) recorded during GCSE contain an ordered sequence of five identifiable patterns: discrete seizures (phase 1), waxing and waning ictal discharges (phase 2), continuous ictal discharges (phase 3), continuous activity with flat periods (phase 4), and periodic epileptiform discharge on a flat background (phase 5). In this paper, we report the same pattern of ECoG changes in 15 rats exposed to soman, an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Phase 1 was observed in 12 of 15 animals, but phases 2-5 were recorded in all the animals. Taken together, these findings suggest that the sequence of EEG changes is independent of the initiating cause, represent a common electrical response to GCSE, and reflect a common underlying neurochemical mechanism. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Basic Assessment Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Koplovitz, I (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Basic Assessment Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 17 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1211 J9 EPILEPSY RES JI Epilepsy Res. PD APR PY 1998 VL 30 IS 2 BP 159 EP 164 DI 10.1016/S0920-1211(97)00100-9 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZK666 UT WOS:000073348300007 PM 9600547 ER PT J AU Caretti, DM Whitley, JA AF Caretti, DM Whitley, JA TI Exercise performance during inspiratory resistance breathing under exhaustive constant load work SO ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE resistance breathing; exercise performance; constant load work; respirators; respiratory stress ID RESPIRATOR AB The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different inspiratory resistances on exercise performance and to describe physiological and subjective responses during constant load work of an intensity that elicits the maximum sensitivity to respiratory factors of respirator wear. Nine subjects (mean age 25.8 +/- 4.8 years) performed exhaustive treadmill exercise during constant load work of 80% of maximal aerobic capacity while inspiring against one of five randomly assigned inspiratory resistance conditions. For inspiratory resistances of 0.20 kPa (R1), 0.29 kPa (R2), 0.39 kPa (R3), and 0.49 kPa (R4): measured at a steady air flow rate of 85 L min(-1), average performance times were 84, 75, 54, and 30% of the control condition. Performance time reductions were significant for R3 and R4 trials. Results also indicated a significantly reduced mean respiration rate, minute ventilation, and oxygen ventilatory equivalent (V-E/VO2) for the R4 condition at exercise breakpoint compared to control. For resistances R1 - R4, mean V-E/VO2 were significantly reduced from control by approximately 12, 17, 19, and 31%. At breakpoint, mean ratings of perceived exertion were similar for control, R1, R2, and R3 conditions but were significantly lower for R4 versus control. Breathing comfort did not differ significantly between resistances below the R3 level, but discomfort was significantly greater for conditions R3 and R4. These findings suggest that the impact of the respiratory limitations of respirators can be diminished by employing respirators with inspiratory resistances below the R3 level. C1 USA, Ctr Dev & Engn, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Caretti, DM (reprint author), USA, Ctr Dev & Engn, Bldg E-5604, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0014-0139 J9 ERGONOMICS JI Ergonomics PD APR PY 1998 VL 41 IS 4 BP 501 EP 511 DI 10.1080/001401398186973 PG 11 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Engineering; Psychology GA ZF931 UT WOS:000072947600008 PM 9557590 ER PT J AU Ding, XZ Tsokos, GC Kiang, JG AF Ding, XZ Tsokos, GC Kiang, JG TI Overexpression of HSP-70 inhibits the phosphorylation of HSF1 by activating protein phosphatase and inhibiting protein kinase C activity SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gene transfection; heat shock protein; gene transcription; PP activity; PKC activity ID HEAT-SHOCK FACTOR; DNA-BINDING ACTIVITY; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; CELLULAR-REGULATION; A-431 CELLS; HT-29 CELLS; IN-VIVO; HSP70; STRESS; HSP90 AB This laboratory reported previously that overexpressed heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP-70) inhibited the activation of its transcriptional factor, HSF1. We had conducted experiments to understand the mechanisms whereby HSP-70 down-regulated the activation of HSF1. Genetically overexpressed HSP-70 had no effects on the HSF1 level in cytosol, but significantly inhibited phosphorylation of HSF1 in the nucleus. Transfection of cells with HSF1 cDNA resulted in increases in the unphosphorylated, but not phosphorylated, HSF1 levels in both the cytosol and nucleus. Because serine phosphorylation of various proteins was reduced in HSP-70 cDNA-transfected cells, we measured the activity of enzymes involved in serine phosphorylation. Overexpressed HSP-70 significantly inhibited the enzymatic activities of protein kinase A (PKA. by 73 and 62% in the cytosol and membrane-bound fraction, respectively) and protein kinase C (PKC by 61% in membrane-bound fraction), whereas it activated that of protein phosphatase (PP by 33 and 86% in the cytosol and the membrane-bound fraction, respectively). Forskolin (a PKA stimulator), PMA (a PKC stimulator), and okadaic acid (an inhibitor of PP) were used to investigate whether HSP-70-induced changes in PKA, PKC, and IPP were responsible for the HSF1 dephosphorylation. Forskolin did not change nuclear HSF1 phosphorylation, suggesting that decreases in PKA activity in HSP-70 overexpressing cells is not associated with HSF1 phosphorylation. PMA and okadaic acid induced an increase in HSF1 phosphorylation in both vector-and HSP-70 cDNA-transfected cells, although levels of phosphorylated HSF1 in HSP-70 cDNA-transfected cells were lower than those in vector-transfected cells. The PMA-induced increase in HSF1 phosphorylation in HSP-70 cDNA-transfected cells was blocked by pretreatment with staurosporine, a PKC inhibitor. These results suggest that overexpression of HSP-70 inhibits phosphorylation of HSF1 at serine residues by activating PP and inhibiting PKC activity. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Physiol, Div Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kiang, JG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Physiol, Div Med, Bldg 40, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 59 TC 65 Z9 69 U1 2 U2 4 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 1998 VL 12 IS 6 BP 451 EP 459 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA ZG118 UT WOS:000072967300006 PM 9535217 ER PT J AU Kalchayanand, N Sikes, A Dunne, CP Ray, B AF Kalchayanand, N Sikes, A Dunne, CP Ray, B TI Factors influencing death and injury of foodborne pathogens by hydrostatic pressure-pasteurization SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA; COMBINATION; RESISTANT; NISIN AB The key objective of hydrostatic pressure-pasteurization of food is the destruction of pathogenic bacterial cells at a high level (8 log cycles) without adversely affecting the acceptance characteristics of a food. To achieve these goals, hydrostatic pressure-pasteurization may best be conducted at a moderate pressure, which alone will not kill the desired level of pathogens. However, along with hydrostatic pressure other parameters, namely pressurization-time, temperature and bactericidal compounds, such as bacteriocins, can be used to enhance bactericidal effects of pressurization. Our results with four pathogens indicated that viability loss at 25 degrees C were minimal up to 207 MPa, then increased at a rapid rate. However, even above 483 MPa, not all species had 8 log cycles viability loss. At and above 276 MPa a large number of survivors were injured. At 207 MPa and 25 degrees C, pressurization for 30 min did not greatly enhance viability loss and injury of the four pathogens. However, pressurization temperatures beyond 35 degrees C greatly increased cell death and injury. By pressurizing the cells in the presence of a mixture of pediocin AcH and nisin viability loss of the pathogens was increased by an additional 1.3 to 5.1 log cycles. This increase was due to the bactericidal effect of the two bacteriocins on sensitive and injured cells. These results indicated that at moderate pressure, a high level of destruction of pathogens can be induced within a short time by using moderate temperature in combination with bactericidal preservative(s). (C) 1998 Academic Press Limited. C1 Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82701 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sustainable Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Ray, B (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82701 USA. NR 23 TC 98 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 15 IS 2 BP 207 EP 214 DI 10.1006/fmic.1997.0155 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA ZM793 UT WOS:000073576400011 ER PT J AU Summers, V Leek, MR AF Summers, V Leek, MR TI Masking of tones and speech by Schroeder-phase harmonic complexes in normally hearing and hearing-impaired listeners SO HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Schroeder-phase masking; active mechanism; basilar membrane; hearing impairment; outer hair cell; cochlea; cochlear nonlinearity ID BASILAR-MEMBRANE; RECOGNITION PERFORMANCE; ARTICULATION INDEX; AUDITORY-NERVE; INNER-EAR; NOISE; LEVEL; COCHLEAR; INTELLIGIBILITY; INDIVIDUALS AB Tone detection and sentence recognition were measured for normally hearing and hearing-impaired listeners using maskers consisting of harmonic series with components summed in positive or negative Schroeder phase. Each task was carried out with the signal set at 60, 70, or 80 dB SPL. For listeners with normal hearing, positive Schroeder-phase complexes masked tones and sentences less than negative Schroeder-phase maskers. Ln the two experimental tasks, to achieve the same amount of masking, positive Schroeder-phase complexes had to be set as much as 12-15 dB higher than negative Schroeder-phase complexes. Large phase effects were observed on both tasks at all three test levels. The two maskers were more nearly equal in effectiveness in the presence of cochlear damage. The findings support an interpretation that involves differences in the shape of the basilar-membrane waveform generated by each masker and active cochlear processing which enhances the internal signal-to-masker ratio for signals presented in the positive Schroeder masker. This spectral enhancement appears to require nonlinear active gain that is characteristic of normal auditory processing at moderate presentation levels. The results of the sentence recognition task suggest that group differences observed in tone detection transfer fairly directly to speech perception under masking. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Summers, V (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 00626] NR 43 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5955 J9 HEARING RES JI Hear. Res. PD APR PY 1998 VL 118 IS 1-2 BP 139 EP 150 DI 10.1016/S0378-5955(98)00030-6 PG 12 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Neurosciences; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology GA ZJ313 UT WOS:000073201500013 PM 9606069 ER PT J AU Sherman, KE Sjogren, M Creager, RL Damiano, MA Freeman, S Lewey, S Davis, D Root, S Weber, FL Ishak, KG Goodman, ZD AF Sherman, KE Sjogren, M Creager, RL Damiano, MA Freeman, S Lewey, S Davis, D Root, S Weber, FL Ishak, KG Goodman, ZD TI Combination therapy with thymosin alpha 1 and interferon for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection: A randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Hepatitis C and Related Viruses CY MAR, 1997 CL KYOTO, JAPAN ID CHRONIC NON-A; NON-B-HEPATITIS; CHRONIC ACTIVE HEPATITIS; PILOT TRIAL; VIRUS-RNA; ALFA; REGIMENS; TITER AB Hepatitis C is a major cause of liver disease leading to cirrhosis, Although interferon (IFN) is the only approved therapy treatment is characterized by low response rates and dose-limiting side effects, We evaluated the addition of thymosin alpha 1 (TA1), an immunomodulatory peptide, to the standard treatment regimen for hepatitis C to determine if combination therapy shows biological activity using outcome measures including normalization of alanine aminotransferase levels, histological activity, and viral load during treatment. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to compare the biological activity of a combination TA1 and IFN with that seen for IFN alone in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection, One hundred nine patients were randomized for intention to treat and received 1.6 mg of TA1 subcutaneously twice weekly and 3 MU of IFN three times meekly; 3 MU of IFN three times weekly and placebo TA1; or placebo for both agents, All patients had chronic HCV infection with confirmation of chronic hepatitis on liver biopsy. Biochemical responders were followed up until alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels became abnormal or for 26 weeks, and relapsers were retreated for 26 weeks in the same treatment arm. One hundred three patients completed treatment for 26 weeks, and six patients dropped out, The groups were similar with regard to ses, gender distribution, baseline histological activity index (HAI) score, risk factors, and viral titers, End-of-treatment biochemical response was seen in 37.1% of patients treated with combination therapy, 16.2% of patients treated with IFN alone, and 2.7% of untreated controls by intent-to-treat analysis (IFN/TA1 vs, IFN, chi(2)=4.05, P=.04). HCV RNA clearance was seen in 37.1% of IFN/TA1-treated patients and 18.9% of IFN-treated subjects, Mean HCV RNA titers were significantly lower than baseline at weeks 8, 16, and 24 after drug initiation among patients treated with IFN/TA1 but not in the other treatment arms, Histological improvement, as evidenced by a decrease in HAI of more than two points, occurred in the combination therapy arm more frequently than in comparison groups, Cumulative sustained biochemical responses were 14.2% and 8.1% in the IFN/TA1 and IFN arms, respectively, based on an intention-to-treat model, The combination of TA1 and standard IFN treatment for chronic hepatitis C showed evidence of biological activity at the completion of treatment by biochemical, histological, and virological outcome measures. Further research involving longer duration and varied dosing is needed. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Liver Unit, Div Digest Dis, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Fitzsimons Army Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Sherman, KE (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Liver Unit, Div Digest Dis, POB 670595, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. NR 36 TC 63 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD APR PY 1998 VL 27 IS 4 BP 1128 EP 1135 DI 10.1002/hep.510270430 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZE202 UT WOS:000072768300030 PM 9537454 ER PT J AU Scott, LA Smith, S AF Scott, LA Smith, S TI The successful use of pronuclear embryo transfers the day following oocyte retrieval SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 52nd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine CY NOV 02-07, 1996 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Soc Reprod Med DE cytoplasmic morphology; nucleoli positioning; pronuclear embryo transfer ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYOS; MOUSE EMBRYOS; CUMULUS CELLS; HUMAN ZYGOTES; INVITRO FERTILIZATION; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION; BLASTOCYST FORMATION; METABOLIC CONTROL; HAMSTER EMBRYOS AB A retrospective analysis of results from 114 initiated in-vitro fertilization cycles utilizing pronuclear embryo transfer is presented, Patients were unselected for age or infertility criteria, constituted a continuous series and were grouped according to response to stimulation (Group 1, ideal; Group 2, suboptimal) or ovarian reserve (Group 3, poor). At 16-18 h post-insemination, embryos were scored for alignment of pronuclei and nucleoli and the appearance of the cytoplasm, generating an embryo score (ES), Transfers were performed 24-26 h post-insemination using two to six embryos with the highest ES, A corrected score was calculated (total score/number of embryos; CS), A total of 114 initiated cycles resulted in 97 oocyte retrievals with 38 clinical pregnancies (39%; 15% implantation), Pregnancy rates were significantly different between the three groups; 37 pregnancies in Group 1 (55% clinical pregnancy; 20% implantation), none in Group 2 and one in Group 3 (6%; 2% implantation: P < 0.001), The ES of transferred embryos correlated with groups. There was a strong correlation between CS and implantation and delivery rates. CS >15 resulted in a 28% implantation; 65% delivery rate. CS <14 resulted in four pregnancies, one delivered. The data show that oocyte quality and pronuclear embryo morphology are related to implantation and that pronuclear embryos can be successfully selected for embryo transfer. C1 Sinai Hosp, Reprod Endocrinol ART Program, Baltimore, MD 21215 USA. RP Scott, LA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Reprod Sci, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW Bldg 2,Room 4304, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 83 TC 214 Z9 234 U1 2 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD APR PY 1998 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1003 EP 1013 DI 10.1093/humrep/13.4.1003 PG 11 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA ZV106 UT WOS:000074269700042 PM 9619562 ER PT J AU Vendier, O Bond, SW Lee, Y Jung, S Brooke, M Jokerst, NM Leavitt, RP AF Vendier, O Bond, SW Lee, Y Jung, S Brooke, M Jokerst, NM Leavitt, RP TI Stacked silicon CMOS circuits with a 40-Mb/s through-silicon optical interconnect SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE interconnections; integrated optoelectronics; optical; 3-D systems ID SYSTEMS AB Optical interconnection through stacked silicon foundry complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuitry has been demonstrated at a data rate of over 40 Mb/s with an open eye diagram. The system consists of a 0.8-mu m transmitter and receiver realized in foundry digital CMOS. The use of digital CMOS enables on-chip integration with more complex digital systems, such as a microprocessor. Two layers of these circuits were integrated with thin-film InP-based light emitting diodes and metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors operating at 1.3 mu m (to which the silicon is transparent) to enable vertical optical through-Si communication between the stacked silicon circuits. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Microelect Res Ctr, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. USA, Res Labs, AMSRL EP EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Vendier, O (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Microelect Res Ctr, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD APR PY 1998 VL 10 IS 4 BP 606 EP 608 DI 10.1109/68.662609 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA ZD755 UT WOS:000072720300045 ER PT J AU Bannerman, DD Fitzpatrick, MJ Anderson, DY Bhattacharjee, AK Novitsky, TJ Hasday, JD Cross, AS Goldblum, SE AF Bannerman, DD Fitzpatrick, MJ Anderson, DY Bhattacharjee, AK Novitsky, TJ Hasday, JD Cross, AS Goldblum, SE TI Endotoxin-neutralizing protein protects against endotoxin-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID LIMULUS ANTILIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE FACTOR; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-BINDING-PROTEIN; PERMEABILITY-INCREASING PROTEIN; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; ANTI-LPS FACTOR; HORSESHOE-CRAB; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; SEPTIC SHOCK; IN-VITRO AB Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin, actin reorganization, and opening of the transendothelial paracellular pathway through which macromoles flux. In this study, lipid A was shown to be the bioactive portion of the lipopolysaccharide molecule responsible for changes in endothelial barrier function. We then studied whether endotoxin-neutralizing protein, a recombinant peptide that is derived from Limulus antilipopolysaccharide factor and targets lipid A, could block the effects of lipopolysaccharide on protein tyrosine phosphorylation, actin organization, and movement of (14)C-bovine serum albumin across bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cell monolayers. In the presence of serum, a 6-h exposure to lipopolysaccharide (10 ng/ml) increased transendothelial (14)C-albumin flux compared to the simultaneous media control. Coadministration of endotoxin-neutralizing protein (greater than or equal to 10 ng/ml) with lipopolysaccharide (10 ng/ml) protected against lipopolysaccharide-induced barrier dysfunction. This protection was dose dependent, conferring total protection at endotoxin-neutralizing protein/lipopolysaccharide ratios of greater than or equal to 10:1. Similarly, endotoxin-neutralizing protein was capable of blocking the lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial cell responses that are prerequisite to barrier dysfunction, including tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin and actin depolymerization. Finally, endotoxin-neutralizing protein cross-protected against lipopolysaccharide derived from diverse gram-negative bacteria. Thus, endotoxin-neutralizing protein offers a novel therapeutic intervention for the vascular endothelial dysfunction of gram-negative sepsis and its attendant endotoxemia. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, VA Maryland Hlth Care Syst, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, VA Maryland Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Associates Cape Cod Inc, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. RP Goldblum, SE (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv 111, 10 N Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 35 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1998 VL 66 IS 4 BP 1400 EP 1407 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZD630 UT WOS:000072706100018 PM 9529059 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ AF Meffert, JJ TI A polypous carbuncle SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A carbuncle usually presents as a deep-seated mass of fistulous tracts between infected hair follicles. We present a case in which what appeared to be an inflamed, benign neoplasm turned out to be a very unusual presentation for this condition, the first we could find in the literature. A 62-year-old woman presented with a bothersome 'mole' on her flank of uncertain duration but it was initially pruritic and irritated by her clothing. Owing to the pain, she wanted its removal. A 1 cm soft, pink, stalked papule revealed multiple, closed, comedo-like spots on its surface (Fig. 1). The lesion was mildly tender and freely mobile on a broad-based stalk. A pre-biopsy diagnosis of irritated intradermal nevus or neurofibroma was made, and the lesion was blade-shaved flush with the skin surface. Histologically, the papule demonstrated small abscesses which seemed to connect, as well as foci of granulation tissue and marked dermal edema (Fig. 2). Fragments of infundibular epidermis were found throughout the lesion. No residual melanocytic or neural neoplasms were identified. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), 19626 Eneino Knoll, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 37 IS 4 BP 267 EP 268 DI 10.1046/j.1365-4362.1998.00379.x PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZL062 UT WOS:000073395000007 PM 9585897 ER PT J AU Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Ruiz, N Samlaska, K Wagner, KF AF Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Ruiz, N Samlaska, K Wagner, KF CA Mil Med Consortium Advancement Mil Med TI Cutaneous reactions at the site of post-infection gp160 vaccination therapy in HIV-1+ patients SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; T-HELPER; TYPE-1; PATHOGENESIS; PERSPECTIVES; GRANULOMAS AB Background Post-infection vaccination with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) specific antigens has been hypothesized as a mechanism for generating a more effective immune response to the HIV-1 virus. Cutaneous reactions at the site of immunization may provide information on the pattern of immune activation induced by the vaccine. Objective To evaluate exaggerated local cutaneous reactions in eight HIV-1 + patients enrolled in a phase I and II gp160 vaccine study. Methods Cutaneous biopsy specimens were obtained and evaluated using routine histologic, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical techniques. Results A mononuclear cell infiltrate with tissue eosinophilia, in some cases forming flame figures, was present on histologic sections. There was no evidence of immune complex deposition. Activated T-helper cells formed a major portion of the mononuclear cell infiltrate. Conclusions A delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, mediated by T cells with a T-helper 2 cytokine pattern, was favored by clinical and histologic features. The most likely antigen stimulating this reaction is residual lepidopteran used in the preparation of the vaccine; however, baculovirus antigens may also play a role. In addition, the adjuvant, aluminum phosphate, as well as the underlying patterns of immune dysregulation present in H1V-1 + patients, may potentiate these reactions. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. USN, Natl Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Skelton, HG (reprint author), 6514 Rockhurst Rd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 37 IS 4 BP 293 EP 298 DI 10.1046/j.1365-4362.1998.00272.x PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZL062 UT WOS:000073395000014 PM 9585904 ER PT J AU Billingsley, JP AF Billingsley, JP TI The decay limit of the Hugoniot elastic limit SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID PRECURSOR DECAY; SHOCK-WAVE; PMMA; LIF AB The Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL) precursor decay in shock loaded solids has been the subject of considerable experimental and theoretical investigation. Comparative evidence is presented to show that the elastic precursor wave particle velocity, Up(HEL) for certain materials decays asymptotically with propagation distance to the DeBroglie velocity, V-1, lever. This is demonstrated for the following materials: iron, aluminum alloy 6061-T6, plexiglas (PMMA), nicker alloy (MAR-M200), and lithium fluoride (LiF). The DeBroglie velocity is V-1 = h/2md(1), where h is Planck's Constant, m is the mass of one atom, and d(1) is the closest distance between the atoms. For macroscopic particle velocities, Up, equal to V-1, the corresponding elastic pressure is P upsilon(1) = rho(0)C(L)V(1), where rho(0) is the material density and C-L is the elastic wave front velocity. This relates the microscopic domain to macroscopic observable quantities. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Missile Command, AMSMI RD SS AA, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Billingsley, JP (reprint author), USA, Missile Command, AMSMI RD SS AA, ATTN JP Billinglsey,Bldg 5400,Room C-214B, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD APR PY 1998 VL 21 IS 4 BP 267 EP 281 DI 10.1016/S0734-743X(97)00064-X PG 15 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA ZN264 UT WOS:000073628500004 ER PT J AU Gardner, LI Harrison, SH Hendrix, CW Blatt, SP Wagner, KF Chung, RCY Harris, RW Cohn, DL Burke, DS Mayers, DL AF Gardner, LI Harrison, SH Hendrix, CW Blatt, SP Wagner, KF Chung, RCY Harris, RW Cohn, DL Burke, DS Mayers, DL CA Military Med Consortium Appl Retroviral Res TI Size and duration of zidovudine benefit in 1003 HIV-infected patients: US Army, Navy, and Air Force natural history data SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV early stage natural history; zidovudine; HIV epidemiology ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; CUBIC MILLIMETER; CONTROLLED TRIAL; CELL COUNTS; AIDS; PROGRESSION; THERAPY; AZT AB Objectives: The study's objectives were to determine the size and duration of benefits of early versus delayed versus late treatment with zidovudine (ZDV) on disease progression and mortality in HIV-infected patients, and whether patients rapidly progressing before ZDV treatment had a different outcome from those not rapidly progressing before ZDV. Design: The design was an inception cohort of 1003 HIV-infected patients. One hundred and seventy-four of the 1003 patients were treated before CD4 counts fell to 1400 x 10(9)/L, ("early treatment"); 183 of 1003 patients were treated after CD4 counts fell to <400 x 10(9)/L but before clinical disease developed ("delayed treatment"); and 646 of the 1003 patients had either been treated after clinical disease developed or had not been treated at all by the end of follow-up ("late treatment"). Outcomes were progression to clinical HIV disease and mortality. Results: The relative risk (RR) of progression for early versus delayed treatment was 0.58 (p < .03), and durability of ZDV benefits on progression was estimated at no more than 2.0 years; however, this estimate had wide confidence intervals. The RR of progression for delayed versus late treatment was 0.54 p < .0001, and durability of ZDV benefits was estimated at 1.74 years; this estimate had narrow confidence intervals. Survival was better for the early versus delayed treatment (RR = 0.55), but this difference was not statistically significant. In the subgroup of patients with more rapid CD4 decline prior to ZDV therapy, significant benefits on progression were observed for early versus delayed ZDV therapy (RR = 0.42, p = .02) and delayed versus late ZDV therapy (RR = 0.51; p = .0004). Duration of benefit was estimated to be 4.5 years (early versus delayed) and 1.7 years (delayed versus late). For patients with less rapid pre-ZDV decline in CD4 levels, a significant progression benefit was observed for delayed versus late therapy (RR = 0.50; p = .02). Duration of benefit in this subgroup was estimated to be 1.8 years. No significant benefit was found for early versus delayed treatment (RR = 1.12) in the less rapid pre-ZDV CD4 cell decline subgroup. Conclusions: Early treatment compared with delayed treatment was associated with a sizable reduction in HIV progression, but the duration of benefits was estimated to last only about 2 years. Delayed treatment compared with late treatment with ZDV was associated with substantial reduction of progression, but this reduction was also clearly limited in duration. Benefits on progression and mortality for the early treatment group were heavily dependent on the pre-ZDV CD4 slope. In the subgroup of patients with the most rapid pre-ZDV CD4 cell declines, the duration of benefit was much longer, possibly as long as 4 years. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC USA. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Clin Invest Regulatory Off, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. USN, Natl Med Ctr, HIV Res Clin, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Fitzsimons Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. Denver Hlth & Hosp, Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. USN, Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Gardner, LI (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Safety Res, Anal & Field Evaluat Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RI Hendrix, Craig/G-4182-2014; OI Hendrix, Craig/0000-0002-5696-8665; /0000-0002-5704-8094 NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD APR 1 PY 1998 VL 17 IS 4 BP 345 EP 353 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZC552 UT WOS:000072592000009 PM 9525436 ER PT J AU Videen, G Ngo, D AF Videen, Gorden Ngo, Dat TI LIGHT SCATTERING MULTIPOLE SOLUTION FOR A CELL SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS LA English DT Article DE scattering; cell; polarization AB We derive a multipole scattering solution for a system resembling a simple cell. In the model, a spherical cytoplasm is surrounded by a concentric cell membrane. Contained within the cytoplasm is a nonconcentric spherical nucleus. Because of the nature of the (multipole expansion) solution, numerical results can be acquired quite rapidly. We show that the resulting scatter is very sensitive to the system geometry and optical properties. Such a solution may also be used to calculate the scatter from fluorescing molecules located within the cell. (C) 1998 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 [Videen, Gorden] AMSRL IS EE, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Ngo, Dat] NgoCo, Philadelphia, PA 19149 USA. RP Videen, G (reprint author), AMSRL IS EE, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM videen@atm.dal.ca NR 24 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1083-3668 EI 1560-2281 J9 J BIOMED OPT JI J. Biomed. Opt. PD APR PY 1998 VL 3 IS 2 BP 212 EP 220 DI 10.1117/1.429877 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA V32RI UT WOS:000208967900010 PM 23015058 ER PT J AU Liossis, SNC Ding, XZ Dennis, GJ Tsokos, GC AF Liossis, SNC Ding, XZ Dennis, GJ Tsokos, GC TI Altered pattern of TCR/CD3-mediated protein-tyrosyl phosphorylation in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus - Deficient expression of the T cell receptor zeta chain SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE human autoimmunity; lymphocyte signaling; tyrosine phosphorylation; antigen receptor; signal transduction ID NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; FC-EPSILON-RI; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; CYTOPLASMIC DOMAIN; GAMMA-SUBUNIT; LYMPHOCYTES; COMPLEX; ACTIVATION; CD3-ZETA; TCR AB Cellular immunity aberrations in patients with SLE are underscored by the abnormal early Ag receptor-mediated lymphocyte signal transduction pathway. To further characterize the T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3-initiated signaling defects, we studied 22 patients with SLE, 12 patients with other systemic rheumatic diseases, and 14 normal donors, The early (1 min) TCR/CD3-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins with a molecular size between 36 and 64 kD was increased in 15 of 21 SLE patients, compared to normal or disease control subjects. The deficiency or absence of a band with a molecular size of similar to 16 kD in the immunoblots of SLE patients led us to investigate the expression of the TCR zeta chain. In immunoblots using anti-zeta antibodies we found that 10 of 22 lupus patients tested lacked the expression of TCR zeta, which was always present in control subjects (P < 0.001). Flow cytometric studies using permeabilized cells confirmed the deficiency or absence of the TCR zeta chain in lupus T cells. Using Northern blots we found that for eight patients tested, the TCR zeta mRNA was missing in three, decreased in three, and apparently normal in two patients (P < 0.003), but was always present in control subjects, Reverse transcriptase-PCR verified Northern blot results. We conclude that TCR zeta chain expression is either decreased or absent in the majority of patients with SLE, but not in patients with other systemic rheumatic diseases, regardless of disease activity, treatment status, or clinical manifestations, The previously described increases in TCR-initiated Ca2+ responses and the herein described increases in TCR-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and deficient TCR zeta expression may represent intrinsic defects modulating lupus T cell function. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Bldg 40,Room 3078, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 43 TC 235 Z9 240 U1 3 U2 7 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD APR 1 PY 1998 VL 101 IS 7 BP 1448 EP 1457 DI 10.1172/JCI1457 PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZF791 UT WOS:000072933600019 PM 9525988 ER PT J AU Massung, RF Slater, K Owens, JH Nicholson, WL Mather, TN Solberg, VB Olson, JG AF Massung, RF Slater, K Owens, JH Nicholson, WL Mather, TN Solberg, VB Olson, JG TI Nested PCR assay for detection of granulocytic ehrlichiae SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; AGENT; EQUI; INFECTION; SEQUENCE; DNA; RICKETTSIA; DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE; TICKS AB A sensitive and specific nested PCR assay was developed for the detection of granulocytic ehrlichiae, The assay amplifies the 16S rRNA gene and was used to examine acute-phase EDTA-blood and serum samples obtained from seven humans with clinical presentations compatible with human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, Five of the seven suspected cases were positive by the PCR assay using DNA extracted from whole blood as the template, compared with a serologic assay that identified only one positive sample, The PCR assay using DNA extracted from the corresponding serum samples as the template identified three positive samples. The sensitivity of the assay on human samples was examined, and the limit of detection was shown to be fewer than 2 copies of the 16S rRNA gene, The application of the assay to nonhuman samples demonstrated products amplified from template DNA extracted from Ixodes scapularis ticks collected in Rhode Island and from EDTA-blood specimens obtained from white-tailed deer in Maryland. All PCR products were sequenced and identified as specific to granulocytic ehrlichiae. A putative variant granulocytic ehrlichia 16S rRNA gene sequence was detected among products amplified from both the ticks and the deer blood specimens. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Rhode Isl, Ctr Vector Borne Dis, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Massung, RF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rfm2@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 227 Z9 233 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 36 IS 4 BP 1090 EP 1095 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA ZC324 UT WOS:000072565800046 PM 9542943 ER PT J AU Schilsky, RL Hohneker, J Ratain, MJ Janisch, L Smetzer, L Lucas, VS Khor, SP Diasio, R Von Hoff, DD Burris, HA AF Schilsky, RL Hohneker, J Ratain, MJ Janisch, L Smetzer, L Lucas, VS Khor, SP Diasio, R Von Hoff, DD Burris, HA TI Phase I clinical and pharmacologic study of Eniluracil plus fluorouracil in patients with advanced cancer SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIHYDROPYRIMIDINE DEHYDROGENASE-ACTIVITY; ADVANCED COLORECTAL-CANCER; 5-ETHYNYLURACIL 776C85; 5-FLUOROURACIL; MODULATION; INACTIVATION AB Purpose: To determine the highest dose of fluorouracil(S-FU) that could be safely administered with Eniluracil (776C85; Glare Wellcome Inc, Research Triangle Park, NC), an inactivator af dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), on a daily schedule for 5 days, and to define the toxicities of the combination and the pharmacokinetics of 5-FU when administered with 776C85. Patients and Methods: Patients with advanced solid tumors refractory to standard therapy were enrolled at two institutions. The study consisted of three periods designed to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of 776C85 alone (period 1); the effects of 776C85 on the pharmacokinetics of 5-FU (period 2); and the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of 5-FU, with or without leucovorin, that could be safely administered with 776C85 (period 3). Cohorts of a, least three patients each received oral 776C85 alone at doses of 3.7 mg/m(2)/d, 18.5 mg/m(2)/d and 0.74 mg/m(2)/d. After a 14-day washout period, each patient then received 776C85 daily for 3 days, with a single intravenous (IV) bolus dose of 5-FU 10 mg/m(2) on day 2. After a second washout period, patients were treated with 776C85 daily for 7 days and 5-FU IV bolus on days 2 through 6. The starting dose of 5-FU 10 mg/m(2)/d was escalated until the MTD was determined. After determination of the MTD of 5-FU given with 776C85, oral leucovorin 50 mg/d on days 2 through 6 was added to determine the MTD of 5-FU with leucovorin in the presence of 776C85. Near the completion of the study, additional cohorts of patients were treated with 776C85 at 50 mg/d and oral 5-FU with or without leucovorin. Results: Sixty-five patients were enrolled onto the study and 60 were assessable for toxicity and response. Bone marrow suppression was the primary and dose-limiting toxicity of this regimen. Other toxicities included diarrhea, mucositis, anemia, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. 776C85 suppressed DPD activity in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by at least 90% for at least 24 hours at all dose levels tested. In the presence of 776C85, 5-FU half-life was prolonged, clearance was reduced, and the drug displayed linear pharmacokinetics. Recommended doses for further testing on a daily for 5-day schedule are 776C85 10 mg/d with IV 5-FU 25 mg/m(2)/d; 776C85 10 mg/d with IV 5-FU 20 mg/m(2)/d plus leucovorin 50 mg/d; 776C85 50 mg/d with 5-FU given orally at 15 mg/m(2)/d with leucovorin at 50 mg/d. Conclusion: 5-FU can be safely administered with 776C85; however, the MTDs are considerably lower than those conventionally used, caused, at least in part, by marked alterations in 5-FU plasma pharmacokinetics. (C) 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Univ Chicago, Canc Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Comm Clin Pharmacol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Glaxo Wellcome Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Schilsky, RL (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Canc Res Ctr, 5841 S Maryland Ave,MC 1140, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM rlschils@mcis.bsd.uchicago.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA14599]; NCRR NIH HHS [MO1 RR00055] NR 23 TC 86 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 16 IS 4 BP 1450 EP 1457 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZF220 UT WOS:000072875700032 PM 9552051 ER PT J AU O'Connor, MJ Rasdorf, W AF O'Connor, MJ Rasdorf, W TI Model-based collaborative engineering: An owner's perspective SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP O'Connor, MJ (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0887-3801 J9 J COMPUT CIVIL ENG JI J. Comput. Civil. Eng. PD APR PY 1998 VL 12 IS 2 BP 57 EP 59 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3801(1998)12:2(57) PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA ZC855 UT WOS:000072625800001 ER PT J AU Yang, PC Liu, W Schlesser, R Wolden, CA Davis, RF Prater, JT Sitar, Z AF Yang, PC Liu, W Schlesser, R Wolden, CA Davis, RF Prater, JT Sitar, Z TI Surface melting in the heteroepitaxial nucleation of diamond on Ni SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE heteroepitaxial nucleation; diamond; nickel; hydrogen; surface melting ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ORIENTED DIAMOND; GROWTH; FILMS AB Surface melting associated with the heteroepitaxial nucleation of diamond on Ni was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy of quenched samples revealed flow patterns and a recrystallized surface morphology. A combination of techniques including in situ optical monitoring, differential thermal analysis, Auger depth profile analysis, and cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis were performed to identify the nature of the molten layer. Data obtained from different experiments were in good mutual agreement. All experimental results strongly indicated that a molten Ni-C-H surface layer was involved in the nucleation process. The presence of both carbon and atomic hydrogen played an important role in the depression of the melting point which was measured to be > 300 degrees C less than the melting point of pure Ni. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Sitar, Z (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD APR PY 1998 VL 187 IS 1 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(97)00854-3 PG 8 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA ZF755 UT WOS:000072929800010 ER PT J AU Lynch, LN Janssen, DJ AF Lynch, LN Janssen, DJ TI Pavement joint sealant specifications - Past, present, and future SO JOURNAL OF ELASTOMERS AND PLASTICS LA English DT Article AB Portland cement concrete (PCC) began to be used as a surface or wearing course for pavements in the United States in the early 1900s. The joint sealant or filler materials used during this early construction period were typically sand, tar paper, coal-tar pitch, asphaltic compounds, or wooden blocks. Material specifications for these early joint filler materials were non-existent. The main emphasis of pavement construction during this period was to "get the country out of the mud" [1], not to provide a long lasting flexible joint sealant material to protect the pavement structure. In the early 1940s, pavement engineers began to concentrate on the construction of the joints in rigid pavements and the materials used to seal those joints. It was during this time period that elastomeric materials (generally an asphalt-based material modified with crumb rubber) began to be developed for use in pavement joints and the first material specifications were developed to provide a means of quality control. As user requirements changed (i.e., materials resistant to fuel spillage, etc.), new materials (typically polymer modified and/or extended coal-tar materials) were introduced and new material specifications were developed. New formulations have continued to be introduced with individual material specifications eventually being developed for each sealant. Typical base materials used today for pavement joint sealing include asphalt-rubber, modified coal-tar, polysulfide, polyurethane, silicone, and polychloroprene. Improvements have been made to the sealant formulations but the current material specifications have hindered innovation because they are typically material specific and generally do not directly correlate to sealant field performance. A review of the history of joint sealant material specifications, current specifications, and potential techniques that may be included in material specifications of the future to provide a more direct correlation between laboratory evaluation and field performance is presented. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Geotech Lab, Airfields & Pavements Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Civil Engn, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Lynch, LN (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Geotech Lab, Airfields & Pavements Div, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 USA SN 0095-2443 J9 J ELASTOM PLAST JI J. Elastomer Plast. PD APR PY 1998 VL 30 IS 2 BP 161 EP 181 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA ZH921 UT WOS:000073161200004 ER PT J AU Mistak, EJ Loushine, RJ Primack, PD West, LA Runyan, DA AF Mistak, EJ Loushine, RJ Primack, PD West, LA Runyan, DA TI Interpretation of periapical lesions comparing conventional, direct digital, and telephonically transmitted radiographic images SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID LENGTH DETERMINATION; RADIO VISIOGRAPHY; RADIOVISIOGRAPHY; SYSTEM AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate direct digital radiography (DDR) and telephonically transmitted images versus conventional radiography in the interpretation of artificial periapical bone lesions. Five teeth were chosen from four cadaver jaw specimens. Three types of DDR images were evaluated: DDR stored images, DDR transmitted images, and DDR reversed images. A total of 150 DDR computer monitor images and 56 D-speed film images were evaluated by three endodontists and one endodontic graduate student. The Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used for statistical analyses of the results. DDR reversed images were statistically inferior to DDR stored images, DDR transmitted images, and conventional radiography images (p < 0.0001). There were no statistically significant differences between DDR stored images, DDR transmitted images, and conventional film images in the ability of the evaluator to identify artificial periapical bone lesions (p > 0.05). C1 USA, Hanau, Germany. USA, Dent Activ, Endodontic Residency Program, Off Surgeon Gen, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Mistak, EJ (reprint author), Heidelberg DENTAC, CMR 470,Box 4868, APO, AE 09165 USA. NR 13 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD APR PY 1998 VL 24 IS 4 BP 262 EP 266 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(98)80110-6 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA ZE298 UT WOS:000072778200013 PM 9641132 ER PT J AU Kalchayanand, N Sikes, A Dunne, CP Ray, B AF Kalchayanand, N Sikes, A Dunne, CP Ray, B TI Interaction of hydrostatic pressure, time and temperature of pressurization and pediocin AcH on inactivation of foodborne bacteria SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; SALMONELLA AB High hydrostatic pressure, because it can kill microorganisms, is being investigated for potential use as a nonthermal food preservation method. The objective of this study was to determine the hydrostatic pressurization parameters, pressure, time, and temperature, and a bacteriocin that in combination would destroy 7 to 8 log cycles of pathogenic and spoilage bacterial populations. We suspended cells of Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Lactobacillus sake, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Serratia liquefaciens, and Pseudomonas fluorescens in peptone solution and exposed them to the combination of treatments. The combined parameters used were hydrostatic pressure (138 to 345 MPa), time (5 to 15 min), temperature (25 to 50 degrees C), and pediocin AcH (3,000 AU/ml, final concentration). In general, cell death increased as the pressure, time, or temperature increased; however, the cells developed proportionately greater sensitivity as the pressure increased to 276 MPa and higher and the temperature increased above 35 degrees C. Pressurization for longer than 5 min, especially at lower pressure and temperature ranges, had very little added benefit. Among the four gram-negative species, E. coli O157:H7 was the most resistant to pressurization while among the four,sram-positive species, L. sake and L. mesenteroides had greater resistance. The death rate at high pressure (345 MPa) and high temperature (50 degrees C) in combination followed first-order kinetics; at a lower pressure and temperature combination it showed a late tailing effect. Estimated D value data indicated that even at 345 MPa and 50 degrees C an 8-log-cycle viability loss could not be achieved within 5 min for all eight species. However, when pediocin AcH was included during pressurization this loss was achieved. C1 Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sustainabil Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Ray, B (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM labcin@uwyo.edu NR 22 TC 110 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 1998 VL 61 IS 4 BP 425 EP 431 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA ZG818 UT WOS:000073042900009 PM 9709205 ER PT J AU Meier, PA Dooley, DP Jorgensen, JH Sanders, CC Huang, WM Patterson, JE AF Meier, PA Dooley, DP Jorgensen, JH Sanders, CC Huang, WM Patterson, JE TI Development of quinolone-resistant Campylobacter fetus bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INVITRO EVALUATION; SUBSPECIES FETUS; SSP-FETUS; JEJUNI AB Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus has been recognized as a cause of systemic illness in immunocompromised hosts, including relapsing bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, Acquired resistance to quinolone therapy, while reported for a variety of bacteria, including Campylobacter jejuni, has not been previously documented for C. fetus. Two cases of quinolone-resistant C. fetus bacteremia were detected in HIV-infected patients, Cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the C. fetus gyrA gene in the 2 resistant isolates demonstrated a G-to-T change that led to an Asp-to-Tyr amino acid substitution at a critical residue frequently associated with quinolone resistance. In addition, comparison of the pre-and posttreatment isolates from 1 patient documented outer membrane protein changes temporally linked with the development of resistance. Relapsing C. fetus infections in quinolone-treated HIV-infected patients may be associated with the acquisition of resistance to these agents, and this resistance may be multifactorial. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Oncol Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Microbiol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Dooley, DP (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE MDI Infect Dis, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 26 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 1998 VL 177 IS 4 BP 951 EP 954 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZD747 UT WOS:000072719400015 PM 9534967 ER PT J AU Woody, MA Krakauer, T Ulrich, RG Stiles, BG AF Woody, MA Krakauer, T Ulrich, RG Stiles, BG TI Differential immune responses to staphylococcal Enterotoxin B mutations in a hydrophobic loop dominating the interface with major histocompatibility complex class II receptors SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; T-CELLS; SELECTIVE EXPANSION; CYTOKINE RELEASE; HUMAN-DISEASE; SYNDROME TSS; SUPERANTIGEN; MICE; INTERFERON; ANTIBODIES AB Bacterial superantigens, such as staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), can trigger acute pathologic effects in humans. A hydrophobic loop on the surface of SEB and other bacterial superantigens, centered around a conserved leucine (L45) residue, is essential for binding to class II major histocompatibility complex molecules. Single residue changes of wild type SEB, designated Q43P, F44P, or L45R, resulted in nonlethal proteins at a dose equivalent to 30 murine LD50 of SEB. Relative to SEB, the mutant proteins did not elevate serum concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines in mice and caused minimal proliferation of human lymphocytes. Anti-SEB titers of mice immunized with Q43P, F44P, L45R, or SEB were similar and protected 77%-100% of animals against a lethal SEB challenge. Levels of toxin-specific IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 in mice immunized with SEB, Q43P, or F44P were equivalent, but animals immunized with L45R had significantly elevated levels of IgG2a and IgG2b. Vaccines against staphylococcal superantigens should focus on this critical leucine residue. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Frederick, MD USA. RP Woody, MA (reprint author), NCI, Frederick Canc Res & Dev Ctr, Lab Leukocyte Biol, Bldg 567,Rm 210, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 49 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 1998 VL 177 IS 4 BP 1013 EP 1022 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZD747 UT WOS:000072719400024 PM 9534976 ER PT J AU Steinhauer, DR AF Steinhauer, DR TI Foundation of the Force: Air Force enlisted personnel policy, 1907-1956 SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 Ctr Army Lessons Learned, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Steinhauer, DR (reprint author), Ctr Army Lessons Learned, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 1998 VL 62 IS 2 BP 451 EP 452 DI 10.2307/120776 PG 2 WC History SC History GA ZF818 UT WOS:000072936300060 ER PT J AU Moore, TR Fischer, GL Boyd, RW AF Moore, TR Fischer, GL Boyd, RW TI Measurement of the power distribution during stimulated Brillouin scattering with focused Gaussian beams SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-CONJUGATION AB We show both theoretically and experimentally that, when stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is produced using focused Gaussian beams, the spatial extent of the pump depletion region changes significantly with the input power. We also show that the location of the SBS interaction region depends on the ratio of the input power to the SBS threshold power. Only below and near SBS threshold is the interaction region largely located within several confocal parameters of the beam waist, as is often assumed in simplified treatments of the SBS process. C1 Univ Rochester, Inst Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Moore, TR (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD APR PY 1998 VL 45 IS 4 BP 735 EP 745 DI 10.1080/09500349808230617 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZE515 UT WOS:000072800600004 ER PT J AU Denti, P Borghese, F Saija, R Lati, MA Sindoni, OI AF Denti, P Borghese, F Saija, R Lati, MA Sindoni, OI TI Optical properties of inclusion-containing hemispheres on a perfectly reflecting surface SO JOURNAL OF OPTICS-NOUVELLE REVUE D OPTIQUE LA English DT Article DE inclusion-containing hemispheres; morphology; scattering ID ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; SPHERICAL INCLUSIONS; LIGHT-SCATTERING; SPHERES; PARTICLES; SUBSTRATE AB The scattered intensity from an inclusion-containing hemisphere with its flat face on a perfectly reflecting surface is calculated within the framework of image theory. The cases of a hemispherical inclusion, of a spherical inclusion and of an inclusion composed of two mutually contacting spheres are considered with the purpose of assessing to what extent the optical properties of the host hemisphere are influenced by the presence of inclusions. Our results show that the morphology of the inclusions has a noticeable effect on the dependence of the scattered intensity on the angle of observation. C1 Univ Messina, Dipartimento Fis Mat & Tecnol Fis Avanzate, I-98166 Messina, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Mat, Sez Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy. USA, Ctr Chem Res Dev & Engn, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Denti, P (reprint author), Univ Messina, Dipartimento Fis Mat & Tecnol Fis Avanzate, Salita Sperone 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0150-536X J9 J OPT JI J. Opt.-Nouv. Rev. Opt. PD APR PY 1998 VL 29 IS 2 BP 78 EP 87 DI 10.1088/0150-536X/29/2/004 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA ZP015 UT WOS:000073707000004 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Topper, MJ Nutter, FB AF Dubey, JP Topper, MJ Nutter, FB TI Muscular Sarcocystis infection in a bear (Ursus americanus) SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Sarcocysts of an unidentified Sarcocystis species were found in sections of skeletal muscles of a black bear (Ursus americanus) from North Carolina. Two sarcocysts in a section measured 45 x 37.5 mu m and 67.5 x 50 mu m and had a thin (<2 mu m) sarcocyst wall. The villar protrusions on the cyst wall were up to 2 mu m long and up to 0.7 mu m wide. The bradyzoites were approximately 6 x 2.5 mu m in size. This the first report of muscular Sarcocystis in a bear. C1 USDA ARS, BARC E, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Compan Anim & Special Species Med, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC E, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 84 IS 2 BP 452 EP 454 DI 10.2307/3284512 PG 3 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA ZJ986 UT WOS:000073273600039 PM 9576526 ER PT J AU Bisch, FC Hanson, BS Best, NH Craft, DW AF Bisch, FC Hanson, BS Best, NH Craft, DW TI The effects of cold storage and endotoxin challenge on osteoblast viability and interleukin-6 production SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE interleukin-6 (IL-6); cold storage; osteoblasts; autogenous bone marrow ID ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; BONE; CELLS; IL-6; RESORPTION; CALCITONIN; CULTURES; RELEASE AB Autogenous hip marrow is an excellent source of pluripotential cells for regenerative procedures. However, before this treatment modality can be employed a method to attenuate osteoclast activity must be developed. The shock of cold storage (4 degrees C) is thought to abate osteoclast activity through the downregulation of osteolytic cytokines produced by osteoblasts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cold storage (4 degrees C) and endotoxin challenge on bone cell culture viability and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. These cells (osteoblasts) were primarily harvested from murine calvaria utilizing sequential digestions, separated by density gradient and combined. Twelve-well cell culture plates were inoculated with 2x10(4) cells/ml and placed in cold storage for 1-14 d. After cold storage the cultures were then incubated at 37 degrees C for 1-20 d. A set of replicate plates was also challenged with 10 ng/ml endotoxin upon incubation at 37 degrees C for 4 consecutive days. Cells were evaluated daily for alkaline phosphatase activity. Cell culture supernatants were also collected daily and batch assayed for IL-6 production. Cell cultures did not survive more than 48 h of cold storage. There was a decrease in IL-6 secretion in all refrigerated cultures and a significant decrease in those cells refrigerated for 48 h versus control cultures (p<0.05). Replicate cultures treated with endotoxin secreted significantly increased amounts of IL-6 in both the control cultures and the cultures exposed to 24 h of cold storage versus non-endotoxin-treated control cultures (p<0.05). These observations suggest that after 48 h of cold storage autogenous marrow may be safe to use because of the dramatic decrease in IL-6 production by osteoblasts. C1 USA, Ft Riley Dent Act, DENTAC, Ft Riley, KS USA. USA, Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Univ N Carolina Hosp, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Bisch, FC (reprint author), 1715 Little Kitten Ave, Manhattan, KS 66503 USA. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0022-3484 J9 J PERIODONTAL RES JI J. Periodont. Res. PD APR PY 1998 VL 33 IS 3 BP 150 EP 155 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA ZU739 UT WOS:000074229600003 PM 9651876 ER PT J AU Engberts, JBFN Famini, GR Perjessy, A Wilson, LY AF Engberts, JBFN Famini, GR Perjessy, A Wilson, LY TI Solvent effects on C = O stretching frequencies of some 1-substituted 2-pyrrolidinones SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 1-substituted 2-pyrrolidinones; C = O stretching frequencies; solvent effects ID THEORETICAL DESCRIPTORS; WATER MIXTURES; FREE-ENERGIES; N-CYCLOHEXYL-2-PYRROLIDONE; SOLVATION; MODEL; PARAMETERS; EQUATION; SOLUTE; HEXANE AB In an effort to model solute-solvent interactions, the C=O stretching frequencies of five 1-substituted 2-pyrrolidinones and four other carbonyl-containing compounds were measured for 30 common solvents. These were then correlated with four empirical parameter sets and one theoretical (computational) parameter set. While an empirical parameter set gave the best correlation equations, the theoretical parameter equations are physically and statistically significant. Solvent volume, polarizability and hydrogen bond donor acidity (capacity) terms are significant in the correlation equations. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 La Sierra Univ, Dept Chem, Riverside, CA 92515 USA. Univ Groningen, Dept Organ & Mol Inorgan Chem, Groningen, Netherlands. USA, Edgewood Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Comenius Univ, Fac Nat Sci, Dept Organ Chem, Bratislava, Slovakia. RP Wilson, LY (reprint author), La Sierra Univ, Dept Chem, 4700 Pierce St, Riverside, CA 92515 USA. EM lwilson@lasierra.edu NR 33 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0894-3230 J9 J PHYS ORG CHEM JI J. Phys. Org. Chem. PD APR PY 1998 VL 11 IS 4 BP 261 EP 272 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1395(199804)11:4<261::AID-POC997>3.0.CO;2-0 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Organic; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA ZQ380 UT WOS:000073855400004 ER PT J AU Elston, DM AF Elston, DM TI Insect repellents: An overview SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Combined Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Combined Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 38 IS 4 BP 644 EP 645 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZG324 UT WOS:000072990100028 PM 9555815 ER PT J AU Bhatt, RT Hull, DR AF Bhatt, RT Hull, DR TI Strength-degrading mechanisms for chemically-vapor-deposited SCS-6 silicon carbide fibers in an argon environment SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SELF-DIFFUSION; POLYCRYSTALLINE AB The room-temperature tensile strengths of chemically-vapor-deposited SCS-6 silicon carbide fibers were measured after 1 to 400 h heat treatments in 0.1 MPa of argon at temperatures up to 2100 degrees C. The fibers heat-treated for 1 h above 1400 degrees C and those heat-treated for 400 h above 1300 degrees C showed strength degradation. Scanning and transmission electron microscopic examination of the degraded fibers showed formation of a recrystallization region within the outer zone of the SiC sheath and the growth of SiC particles in the carbon-rich surface coating. The activation energy for the growth of the recrystallization region was similar to 370 kJ/mol. The tensile strength of the fibers was found to vary as an inverse function of the recrystallized zone thickness. C1 USA, Prop Directorate, Res Lab, Lewis Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP USA, Prop Directorate, Res Lab, Lewis Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 1998 VL 81 IS 4 BP 957 EP 964 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA ZJ248 UT WOS:000073195000019 ER PT J AU Mansur, MH Tischler, MB AF Mansur, MH Tischler, MB TI An empirical correction for improving off-axes response in flight mechanics helicopter models SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AGARD Flight Vehicle Integration Panel Symposium on Advances in Rotorcraft Technology CY MAY 27-30, 1996 CL OTTAWA, CANADA AB Historically, component-type flight mechanics simulation models of helicopters have been unable to satisfactorily predict the roll response to pitch stick input and the pitch response to roll stick input off-axes responses. In the study presented here, simple first-order low-pass filtering of the elemental lift and drag forces was considered as a means of improving the correlation. The method was applied to a blade-element model of the AH-64 Apache, and responses of the modified model were compared with flight data in hover and forward flight. Results indicate that significant improvement in the off-axes responses can be achieved in hover. In forward flight, however, the best correlation in the longitudinal and lateral off-axes responses required different values of the filter time constant for each axis. A compromise value was selected and was shown to result in good overall improvement in the off-axes responses. The paper describes both the method and the model used for its implementation, and presents results obtained at hover and in forward flight. C1 USA, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Aviat Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aviat & Missile Command,Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Mansur, MH (reprint author), USA, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Aviat Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aviat & Missile Command,Ames Res Ctr, MS 211-2, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 1998 VL 43 IS 2 BP 94 EP 102 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ZL899 UT WOS:000073484700001 ER PT J AU Murri, GB O'Brien, TK Rousseau, CQ AF Murri, GB O'Brien, TK Rousseau, CQ TI Fatigue life methodology for tapered composite flexbeam laminates SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DELAMINATION STRENGTH AB The viability of a method for determining the fatigue life of composite rotor hub flexbeam laminates using delamination fatigue characterization data and a geometric non-linear finite element (FE) analysis was studied. Combined tension and bending loading was applied to non-linear tapered flexbeam laminates with internal ply drops. These laminates, consisting of coupon specimens cut from a full-size S2/E7T1 glass-epoxy flexbeam were tested in a hydraulic load frame under combined axial-tension and transverse cyclic bending loads. The magnitude of the axial load remained constant and the direction of the load rotated with the specimen as the cyclic bending load was applied. The first delamination damage observed in the specimens occurred at the area around the tip of the outermost ply-drop group. Subsequently, unstable delamination occurred by complete delamination along the length of the specimen. Continued cycling resulted in multiple delaminations. A 2D finite element model of the flexbeam was developed and a geometrically non-linear analysis was performed. The global responses of the model and test specimens agreed very well in terms of the transverse flexbeam tip-displacement and flapping angle. The FE model was used to calculate strain energy release rates (G) for delaminations initiating at the tip of the outer ply-drop area and growing toward the thick or thin regions of the flexbeam, as was observed in the specimens. The delamination growth toward the thick region was primarily mode II (shear), whereas delamination growth toward the thin region was almost completely mode I (opening). Material characterization data from cyclic double-cantilevered beam tests was used with the peak calculated G values to generate a curve predicting fatigue failure by unstable delamination as a function of the number of loading cycles. The calculated fatigue lives compared well with the test data. C1 USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Ctr, Hampton, VA 23651 USA. Bell Helicopter Textron, Ft Worth, TX USA. RP Murri, GB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Ctr, Hampton, VA 23651 USA. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 1998 VL 43 IS 2 BP 146 EP 155 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ZL899 UT WOS:000073484700006 ER PT J AU Bousman, WG AF Bousman, WG TI A note torsional dynamic scaling SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Aeroflightdynam Directorate AMCOM, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Bousman, WG (reprint author), USA, Aeroflightdynam Directorate AMCOM, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 1998 VL 43 IS 2 BP 172 EP 175 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA ZL899 UT WOS:000073484700009 ER PT J AU Xu, K Angell, CA AF Xu, K Angell, CA TI High anodic stability of a new electrolyte solvent: Unsymmetric noncyclic aliphatic sulfone SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter ID BATTERIES AB To improve the anodic stability of ambient temperature electrolytes, a nontoxic solvent based on the sulfone polar group has been synthesized and evaluated in the presence of high potential cathode materials. Solutions of high stability salts such as LiClO(4) and Li imide in this solvent, withstand 5.8 V vs. Li(+)/Li before onset of oxidation, defined by a stringent criterion, even in the presence of high surface area electrodes such as activated charcoal on Pt. Reversible Li deposition and stripping is observed at negative potentials. This means not only that a wide range of overcharge protection is available for high voltage cathodes in current use, but also that exotic cathodes accepting electrons up to 5.5 V from Li(+)/Li may now be incorporated in rechargeable lithium cells. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Xu, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 NR 26 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 2 U2 38 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD APR PY 1998 VL 145 IS 4 BP L70 EP L72 DI 10.1149/1.1838419 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA ZD712 UT WOS:000072715900009 ER PT J AU Bose, D Candler, GV AF Bose, D Candler, GV TI Advanced model of nitric oxide formation in hypersonic flows SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET ROCKET EXPERIMENTS; N-2+O->NO+N REACTION; NONEQUILIBRIUM; SURFACES; DYNAMICS; (3)A'' AB A model for nitric oxide (NO) formation in low-density hypersonic flows is presented. The thermal nonequilibrium reaction rates, reactant energy removal rates, and product energy disposal rates are based on a quasiclassical trajectory analysis of the Zeldovich reactions, At hypersonic now conditions, the newly obtained reaction rate for the second Zeldovich reaction is approximately an order of magnitude larger than the commonly used rate. The rate of this reaction is a weak function of the reactant internal energy, but it produces vibrationally excited NO molecules that result in an elevated NO vibrational temperature, A flowfield model that includes these effects is proposed, and a computational fluid dynamics method is used to simulate the BSUV1 and BSUV2 flight experiments. The new model generally improves the agreement with the spectrally resolved radiation data; however, it appears that there are additional mechanisms that preferentially remove the highly excited NO molecules. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Bose, D (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Thermosci Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0887-8722 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD APR-JUN PY 1998 VL 12 IS 2 BP 214 EP 222 DI 10.2514/2.6324 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA ZG837 UT WOS:000073045000012 ER PT J AU Giel, PW Thurman, DR Van Fossen, GJ Hippensteele, SA Boyle, RJ AF Giel, PW Thurman, DR Van Fossen, GJ Hippensteele, SA Boyle, RJ TI Endwall heat transfer measurements in a transonic turbine cascade SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 10-13, 1996 CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND ID TURBULENCE; BLADES AB Turbine blade endwall heat transfer measurements are presented for a range of Reynolds and Mach numbers. Data were obtained for Reynolds numbers based on inlet conditions of 0.5 and 1.0 x 10(6), for isentropic exit Mach numbers of 1.0 and 1.3, and for free-stream turbulence intensities of 0.25 and 7.0 percent. Tests were conducted in a linear cascade at the NASA Lewis Transonic Turbine Blade Cascade Facility. The rest article was a turbine rotor with 136 deg of turning and ail axial chord of 12.7 cm. The large scale allowed for very detailed measurements of both flow field and surface phenomena. The intent of the work is to provide benchmark quality data for CFD code and model verification. The flow field in the cascade is highly three dimensional as a result of thick boundary layers at the test section inlet. Endwall heat transfer data were obtained using a steady-state liquid crystal technique. C1 NYMA Inc, Engn Serv Div, Brookpark, OH 44142 USA. USA, Res Lab, NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Internal Fluid Mech Div, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Giel, PW (reprint author), NYMA Inc, Engn Serv Div, Brookpark, OH 44142 USA. NR 28 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0889-504X J9 J TURBOMACH JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 1998 VL 120 IS 2 BP 305 EP 313 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA ZJ899 UT WOS:000073264900012 ER PT J AU Shandera, KC AF Shandera, KC TI RE: Transrectal ultrasound appearance of prostatic granulomas secondary to bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation - M.K. Terris, M. Macy and F.S. Freiha - J. Urol., 158, 126-127, 1997 SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Shandera, KC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 159 IS 4 BP 1313 EP 1314 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63605-X PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZB163 UT WOS:000072442700077 PM 9507874 ER PT J AU Pratt, CB Maurer, HM Gieser, P Salzberg, A Rao, BN Parham, D Thomas, PRM Marcus, RB Cantor, A Pick, T Green, D Neff, J Jenkins, JJ AF Pratt, CB Maurer, HM Gieser, P Salzberg, A Rao, BN Parham, D Thomas, PRM Marcus, RB Cantor, A Pick, T Green, D Neff, J Jenkins, JJ TI Treatment of unresectable or metastatic pediatric soft tissue sarcomas with surgery, irradiation, and chemotherapy: A pediatric oncology group study SO MEDICAL AND PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sarcomas; non-rhabdomyosarcoma; stage; tumor grade; childhood tumors ID MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA; SYNOVIAL SARCOMA; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; CHILDHOOD; CHILDREN; RHABDOMYOSARCOMA; IFOSFAMIDE; THERAPY; GRADE; NONRHABDOMYOSARCOMA AB Background. The objectives of this study were to compare vincristine/actinomycin D/cyclophosphamide/adriamycin (VACA) with VACA plus imidazole carboxamide (DTIC) (VACAD) therapy in regards to complete/partial response and event free survival rates in children and adolescents with metastatic non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas (NRSTS) or previously chemotherapy-naive recurrent NRSTS or locally persistent gross residual tumor after surgery and radiation therapy. Procedures. Between 1986 and March 1994, 75 patients entered this randomized study comparing VACA and VACAD, given at 3 week intervals. Sixty-one patients were considered eligible and received chemotherapy and radiation therapy to the primary tumor and areas of metastases. Thirty-six patients had regional unresected (Group III) disease, and 25 had metastatic disease (Group IV) at time of accession. Thirty-six patients received VACA (11 were not randomized), and 25 received VACAD. Results. With a median follow-up of greater than 4 years, overall and event-free survival for all eligible patients are 30.6% and 18.4%, respectively (S.E: 9.5% and 6.8%). There was insufficient evidence that DTIC offered any advantage to event free survival, bur there was evidence for better outcome for patients in Group III disease in comparison to patients with Group IV disease, and for patients with a Grade 1 and 2 histology in comparison to Grade 3 lesions. Conclusions. Combination chemotherapy with VACA and VACAD were insufficient to prevent recurrent or progressive disease in children and adolescents with high stage NRSTS. The use of vincristine/ifosfamide/doxorubicin with cytokine support is under study. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Hematol Oncol, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. Temple Univ Hosp & Med Sch, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. St Christophers Hosp, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Pediat Oncol Grp, Stat Off, Gainesville, FL USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY USA. Univ Kansas, Kansas City, KS USA. RP Pratt, CB (reprint author), St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Hematol Oncol, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-28383, CA-29139, CA-31566] NR 49 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0098-1532 J9 MED PEDIATR ONCOL JI Med. Pediatr. Oncol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 30 IS 4 BP 201 EP 209 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-911X(199804)30:4<201::AID-MPO1>3.0.CO;2-K PG 9 WC Oncology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Pediatrics GA YV456 UT WOS:000071826200001 PM 9473754 ER PT J AU Engel, CC Roy, M Kayanan, D Ursano, R AF Engel, CC Roy, M Kayanan, D Ursano, R TI Multidisciplinary treatment of persistent symptoms after Gulf War service SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Research suggests that individuals commonly describe persistent symptoms or syndromes after a war, After the Persian Gulf War, the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Department of Defense initiated registries and expedited health care for those with Gulf War-related health concerns, At Waiter Reed Army Medical Center, the Gulf War Health Center was created in mid-1994 to contribute a continuum of care for those with Gulf War-related health problems, The purpose of this report is to describe the Gulf War Health Center's Specialized Care Program, a 3-week intensive outpatient multidisciplinary treatment program for people with persistent, disabling Gulf War-related symptoms, The program uses an evidence-based model of multidisciplinary care employed at chronic pain centers internationally and shown to yield stable improvements in pain, mood, health care use, and return to work rates, A patient is described to illustrate how the program works. Finally, a Deployment Medicine Treatment Center is proposed, a multidisciplinary treatment center like the Specialized Care Program that would offer care to those with persistent, disabling symptoms after all future deployments. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Gulf War Hlth, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Engel, CC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Gulf War Hlth, Ward 64,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 11 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 1998 VL 163 IS 4 BP 202 EP 208 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZG349 UT WOS:000072992700005 PM 9575762 ER PT J AU Martin, L Rosen, LN Durand, DB Stretch, RH Knudson, KH AF Martin, L Rosen, LN Durand, DB Stretch, RH Knudson, KH TI Prevalence and timing of sexual assaults in a sample of male and female US army soldiers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; ABUSE; WOMEN; VIOLENCE; RAPE AB Objective: This study was designed to assess the prevalence and timing of sexual assault experiences in a sample of U.S. Army soldiers, Methods: Self-administered surveys were completed by 555 male and 573 female soldiers in combat service and combat service support units, Results: One-fifth of the women reported a completed rape (22.6%), and 50.9% of women and 6.7% of men reported any sexual assault, The majority of sexual assaults occurred before the soldiers entered the military, and 25% of women and 1% of men reported an attempted or completed rape during childhood. Sexual assault history also varied by sociodemographic characteristics. Conclusion: Results suggest that a history of childhood sexual abuse may be more widespread among female soldiers than among civilian women, and that ascribed and achieved status characteristics may differentially expose soldiers to sexual assaults both before and after they enter the military, Health care assessments should include details of a soldier's sexual assault history. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mil Psychiat, MCMR UWI A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Martin, L (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mil Psychiat, MCMR UWI A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 4 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 1998 VL 163 IS 4 BP 213 EP 216 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZG349 UT WOS:000072992700007 PM 9575764 ER PT J AU Prahinski, JR Schaefer, RA McHale, KA AF Prahinski, JR Schaefer, RA McHale, KA TI New York Tidewater chapters history of military medicine essay award SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Orthoped Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Prahinski, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Orthoped Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 1998 VL 163 IS 4 BP 257 EP 264 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZG349 UT WOS:000072992700017 PM 9575774 ER PT J AU Szebeni, J Fontana, JL Wassef, NM Mongan, PD Morse, DS Stahl, GL Bunger, R Alving, CR AF Szebeni, J Fontana, JL Wassef, NM Mongan, PD Morse, DS Stahl, GL Bunger, R Alving, CR TI Liposome induced and complement-mediated cardiopulmonary distress in pigs as a model of pseudo-allergic reactions to liposomal drugs SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anaesthesiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Physiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesia, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD APR-MAY PY 1998 VL 35 IS 6-7 SI SI MA 282 BP 401 EP 401 DI 10.1016/S0161-5890(98)90814-8 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 121RF UT WOS:000076027200285 ER PT J AU Tolnay, M Vereshchagina, LA Tsokos, GC AF Tolnay, M Vereshchagina, LA Tsokos, GC TI A heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) and AP-2 is involved in the regulation of the human complement receptor 2 (CR2) gene. SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD APR-MAY PY 1998 VL 35 IS 6-7 SI SI MA 310 BP 408 EP 408 DI 10.1016/S0161-5890(98)90842-2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 121RF UT WOS:000076027200313 ER PT J AU Luo, CY Ashani, Y Doctor, BP AF Luo, CY Ashani, Y Doctor, BP TI Acceleration of oxime-induced reactivation of organophosphate-inhibited fetal bovine serum acetylcholinesterase by monoquaternary and bisquaternary ligands SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALLOSTERIC MODULATION; ANIONIC SUBSITE; ACTIVE-CENTER; SITE; SAD-128; SOMAN; CHOLINESTERASE; EQUILIBRIUM; DERIVATIVES; MECHANISM AB Reactivation of organophosphate (OP)-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by oximes is the primary reason for their effectiveness in the treatment of OP poisoning. Reactivation is reported to accelerate by quaternary ligands such as decamethonium, which is devoid of nucleophilicity. The mechanism of this enhancement is not known. To better understand the acceleration phenomenon, we examined ligand modulations of oxime-induced reactivation of methylphosphorylated AChE using 7-(methylethoxyphosphinyloxy)-1-methylquinolinium iodide and fetal bovine serum AChE. Edrophonium, decamethonium, and propidium, three quaternary AChE ligands of different types, were tested as potential accelerators. Experiments were carried out with both soluble enzyme preparation and AChE conjugated to polyurethane. Kinetic measurements with oximes 2-[hydroxyiminomethyl]-1-methylpyridinium chloride, 1,1'-trimethylene bis-(4-hydroxyimino methyl)-pyridinium dibromide, and 1,1'-[oxybis-methylene)bis[4-(hydroxyimino)-methyl]pyridiniuum dichloride showed that in the presence of 50 mu M edrophonium, the reactivation rate constants increased 3.3-12.0-fold; 200 mu M decamethonium produced a 1.6-3.0-fold enhancement of reactivation rate constants by the same oximes. Reactivation of the inhibited enzyme by 1-(2-hydroxyiminomethyl-1-pyridinium)-1-(4-carboxy-aminopyridinium)-dimethyl ether hydrochloride, 1-(2-hydroxyiminomethyl-1-pyridinium)-1-(3-carboxy-aminopyridinium)-dimethyl ether hydrochloride, and 1-[[[4-(aminocarbonyl)pyridino]methoxy]methyl]-2,4,-bis(hydroxyimino)methyl pyridinium dichloride was not affected by either ligand. Propidium slowed the reactivation of 7-(methylethoxyphosphinyloxy)-1-methylquinolinium iodide-inhibited AChE by all oximes. Results suggest that the accelerator site may reside inside the catalytic gorge rather than at its entrance and acceleration may be due to the prevention of reinhibition of the regenerated enzyme by the putative product, the phosphorylated oxime. In addition to the nucleophilic property of the oximate anion, some of the reactivators may carry an accelerating determinant, as characterized with respect to edrophonium and decamethonium. Results offer possible explanations for the superiority of 1-(2-hydroxyiminomethyl-1-pyridinium)-1-(4-carboxy-aminopyridinium)-dimethyl ether hydrochloride over other oximes in the reactivation of specific AChE-OP conjugates. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Israel Inst Biol Res, IL-70450 Ness Ziona, Israel. RP Doctor, BP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM dr._bhupendra_doctor@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil NR 39 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 53 IS 4 BP 718 EP 726 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ZJ459 UT WOS:000073217800016 PM 9547363 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Contemporary hormonal management of advanced prostate cancer SO ONCOLOGY-NEW YORK LA English DT Article ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION; DEPOT FORMULATION; THERAPY; ORCHIECTOMY; ANTIGEN; ADENOCARCINOMA; CARCINOMA; TRIAL; P53 AB The traditional definition of "advanced" prostate cancer includes only patients with widespread osteoblastic or soft-tissue metastases (clinical or pathologic stage T any N any M1; or stage D2). Current evidence indicates that this definition should be broadened, Because many patients with T3 disease or local lymph node metastases progress to distant metastases, the concept of advanced prostate cancer should also include stages C and DI (T3, T4, and any T NI), Furthermore, based on pretreatment prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels, many men treated for clinically localized disease will progress rapidly and, depending on their age and general health, should be included in the advanced-disease category. Also, using prognostic marker modeling with PSA, tumor grade, and other factors, recurrences can be predicted even earlier in many cases, This may be particularly significant in light of recent clinical data indicating that early androgen ablation therapy delays disease progression and improves survival in patients with advanced (MO or M1) disease. The luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists have become the preferred method of androgen ablation in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Use of an LHRH agonist, alone or combined with an antiandrogen, is more acceptable to many patients than orchiectomy and lacks the potential cardiotoxicity associated with estrogens, Combined hormonal therapy remains controversial but may provide a modest survival benefit, especially in melt with minimal metastatic disease, Intermittent hormonal therapy has great appeal, particularly because of the potentially deleterious effects of longterm hormonal therapy; however, its efficacy has yet to be proven. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 43 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU P R R INC PI HUNTINGTON PA 17 PROSPECT ST, HUNTINGTON, NY 11743 USA SN 0890-9091 J9 ONCOLOGY-NY JI Oncology-NY PD APR PY 1998 VL 12 IS 4 BP 499 EP 505 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZK407 UT WOS:000073317800007 PM 9575524 ER PT J AU Costabile, RA Spevak, M AF Costabile, RA Spevak, M TI Cancer and male factor infertility SO ONCOLOGY-NEW YORK LA English DT Article ID CISPLATIN-BASED CHEMOTHERAPY; LYMPH-NODE DISSECTION; TERM FOLLOW-UP; HODGKINS-DISEASE; TESTICULAR CANCER; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; GONADAL-FUNCTION; REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY; TESTIS CANCER; FERTILITY AB With the increasing success of multimodality anticancer therapy, most men of reproductive age will survive their malignancy. Reproductive function is a principal concern of these men, Health-care providers are shifting the focus of oncologic care toward improving the quality of life in cancer patients, particularly with regard to fertility, For unknown reasons, fertility and sexual function are adversely affected in men with germ cell tumors and Hodgkin's disease prior to the initiation of therapy. Despite these pretreatment abnormalities, fertility potential remains good, Cancer therapy utilizing physical and chemical treatment methods can temporarily or permanently damage spermatogonia, resulting in azoospermia and infertility, Recovery of spermatogenesis can take up to 10 years after therapy. Alternative treatment regimens can preserve reproductive function while maintaining high therapeutic efficacy, Surgical treatment should be directed toward maintaining the neurovascular mechanisms responsible for seminal emission and ejaculation. With new developments in assisted reproductive techniques, even cancer patients with severe oligoasthenospermia can father children. These techniques have not been found to increase the incidence of major or minor birth defects. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Dept Surg, Mil Androl Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Costabile, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Dept Surg, Mil Androl Res Ctr, 4-F,6825 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 61 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU P R R INC PI HUNTINGTON PA 17 PROSPECT ST, HUNTINGTON, NY 11743 USA SN 0890-9091 J9 ONCOLOGY-NY JI Oncology-NY PD APR PY 1998 VL 12 IS 4 BP 557 EP + PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZK407 UT WOS:000073317800016 PM 9575528 ER PT J AU Edmond, CV Wiet, GJ Bolger, B AF Edmond, CV Wiet, GJ Bolger, B TI Virtual environments - Surgical simulation in otolaryngology SO OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Advanced technology in the form of computer-generated surgical simulation has tremendous potential as an adjunctive training aid to residents in training and experienced surgeons. This article explores the state-of-the-art in surgical simulation for otolaryngologists and future directions in this area. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Childrens Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol, Columbus, OH 43205 USA. Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Otolaryngol, Div Pediat Otolaryngol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Edmond, CV (reprint author), 968 S Jackson St, Tacoma, WA 98465 USA. OI Wiet, Gregory/0000-0001-6990-3206 NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0030-6665 J9 OTOLARYNG CLIN N AM JI Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am. PD APR PY 1998 VL 31 IS 2 BP 369 EP + DI 10.1016/S0030-6665(05)70055-4 PG 14 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA ZL998 UT WOS:000073494600012 PM 9518444 ER PT J AU Burris, HA Vogel, CL Castro, D Mishra, L Schwarz, M Spencer, S Oakes, DD Korey, A Orenberg, EK AF Burris, HA Vogel, CL Castro, D Mishra, L Schwarz, M Spencer, S Oakes, DD Korey, A Orenberg, EK TI Intratumoral cisplatin/epinephrine-injectable gel as a palliative treatment for accessible solid tumors: A multicenter pilot study SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 1996 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID NECK-CANCER; CISPLATIN; HEAD; CHEMOTHERAPY; CARCINOMA; FLUOROURACIL; FEASIBILITY; MICE; DOGS AB Intratumoral injections of cisplatin/epinephrine-injectable gel were administered weekly for 4 weeks in 45 patients with malignant tumors of various histologic types. Tumors were located on the skin and subcutaneous tissue primarily of the head, neck, and trunk, and on the tongue, oral pharynx, and esophagus. Patients were not candidates for surgery, radiation, or systemic chemotherapy. Each of the treated tumors (n = 82) was evaluated 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the final injection. The initial dose of cisplatin was 1 mg/cm(3) tumor volume, with escalation to 6 mg/cm(3) allowed, depending on observed toxicities, The mean cumulative dose per patient for the four treatments ranged from 0.56 to 380 mg cisplatin. No dose-limiting cisplatin-related toxicities, such as nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, or ototoxicity, were observed. The overall objective tumor response rate was 50% (41 of 82), with 40% (33 of 82) complete responses and a median response duration of 160 days. Complete responses for adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were 58% (21 of 36) and 38% (12 of 32), respectively. These results justified further clinical trials to evaluate the role of local chemotherapy with intratumoral cisplatin/epinephrine-injectable gel in the palliative treatment of patients with selected accessible solid tumors. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Comprehens Canc Res Grp, Miami Beach, FL USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC USA. Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA. Virginia Canc Inst, Richmond, VA USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Radiat Oncol, Birmingham, AL USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Stanford, CA USA. Matrix Pharmaceut Inc, Fremont, CA USA. RP Burris, HA (reprint author), Sarah Cannon Canc Ctr, 250 25th Ave North,Suite 410, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. NR 31 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 5 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD APR PY 1998 VL 118 IS 4 BP 496 EP 503 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(98)70208-6 PG 8 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA ZG007 UT WOS:000072955300013 PM 9560102 ER PT J AU Wittler, RR Cain, KK Bass, JW AF Wittler, RR Cain, KK Bass, JW TI A survey about management of febrile children without source by primary care physicians SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE fever without source; occult bacteremia; survey ID BACTEREMIA; INFANTS AB Background. The management of young children with fever without source is controversial, and differences between physician specialties have been noted previously. The emergence of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, the sharp decline in invasive Haemophilus influenzae infections in immunized populations and publication of practice guidelines have potentially altered physician practices. Objective, To determine the present practice preferences of pediatricians, family medicine physicians (FP) and emergency medicine physicians (EP). Methods. We mailed a checklist survey to 1600 randomly selected pediatricians, family medicine practitioners (FP) and emergency medicine physicians (EP) in the United States and replicated the methodology of a 1991/1992 survey. Physicians were asked about their evaluation and management of children of various ages (3 weeks, 7 weeks, 4 months and 16 months) with fever without source. Results, Most primary care physicians would admit the 3- and 7-week-old infants. For the 4-month-old infant 59% of EP, 45% of pediatricians and 28% of FP would give empiric antibiotic(s) as an outpatient (P = 0.005 for FP compared with pediatricians and P = 0.02 for EP compared with pediatricians). The majority of physicians would manage the 16-month-old child as an outpatient without antibiotic therapy. Ceftriaxone was the preferred antibiotic for outpatient empiric therapy. There was a 3-fold increase (28% vs. 9%) for pediatricians in the use of empiric outpatient antibiotics for the 7-week-old infant in the present survey compared with the 1991/1992 survey. Conclusions. Physicians in the United States generally agree in their management of the young febrile infant, but with increasing patient age there is considerable variation. FP were the least aggressive in their evaluation and EP were the most aggressive. C1 Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Wichita, KS 67214 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Wittler, RR (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 1010 North Kansas, Wichita, KS 67214 USA. NR 18 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD APR PY 1998 VL 17 IS 4 BP 271 EP 277 DI 10.1097/00006454-199804000-00002 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA ZH791 UT WOS:000073148000001 PM 9576380 ER PT J AU Cardinal, BJ Cardinal, MK Drabbs, ME Krause, JV Maddalozzo, JGF Martin, JJ Melville, DS Singleton, SP AF Cardinal, BJ Cardinal, MK Drabbs, ME Krause, JV Maddalozzo, JGF Martin, JJ Melville, DS Singleton, SP TI Preliminary development of a scale to measure attitudes regarding the importance of role modeling in physical activity and fitness behaviors among health, physical education, recreation, and dance professionals SO PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS LA English DT Article AB This paper presents a new 16-item scale designed to measure attitudes regarding the importance of role modeling in physical activity and fitness behaviors among Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance professionals. The measure was reviewed for face validity by a panel of experts and preliminary analyses gave as Cronbach alpha of .95 and split-half reliability of .97 for 22 graduate students. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Exercise & Sport Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Eastern New Mexico Univ, Portales, NM 88130 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Eastern Washington Univ, Cheney, WA 99004 USA. RP Cardinal, BJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Exercise & Sport Sci, 220 Langton Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RI Martin, Jeffrey/A-8426-2009 OI Martin, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3746-686X NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERCEPTUAL MOTOR SKILLS PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0031-5125 J9 PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL JI Percept. Mot. Skills PD APR PY 1998 VL 86 IS 2 BP 627 EP 630 PG 4 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA ZR057 UT WOS:000073931300046 PM 9638763 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, MA Samson, BA AF Vorontsov, MA Samson, BA TI Nonlinear dynamics in an optical system with controlled two-dimensional feedback: Black-eye patterns and related phenomena SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HOMOGENEOUSLY BROADENED LASERS; TRANSVERSE-MODES; 2-DIMENSIONAL FEEDBACK; THIN-FILM; MIRROR; INSTABILITIES; CO2-LASER; THRESHOLD; LATTICES; SODIUM AB We present experimental and theoretical results of spontaneous optical pattern formation in a nonlinear optical system. The nonlinear optical system we considered had a controllable phase-only spatial Fourier filter placed in the system's diffractive feedback loop. A change in feedback field spatial spectral component phase resulted in a transition between dynamic regimes, as observed in both experiments and numerics. Patterns originating from interactions between spatial modes belonging to different instability bands (black-eye patterns, decagons, etc.) were observed, as well as localized states and shock traveling waves. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Belarus Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 39 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 1998 VL 57 IS 4 BP 3040 EP 3049 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.57.3040 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA ZJ698 UT WOS:000073243700098 ER PT J AU Zhang, Q Graham, MJ AF Zhang, Q Graham, MJ TI A numerical study of Richtmyer-Meshkov instability driven by cylindrical shocks SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-STRATIFIED INTERFACES; RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; FRONT TRACKING; UNSTABLE INTERFACES; SIMULATION; DEPOSITION; STABILITY; DYNAMICS; FLUIDS; MODELS AB As an incident shock wave hits a material interface between two fluids of different densities, the interface becomes unstable. Small disturbances at the interface start to grow. This interfacial instability is known as a Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability. It plays an important role in the studies of inertial confinement fusion and supernova. The majority of studies of the RM instability were in plane geometry-namely, plane shocks in Cartesian coordinates. We present a systematic numerical study of the RM instability driven by cylindrical shocks for both the imploding and exploding cases. The imploding (exploding) case refers to a cylindrical shock colliding with the material interface from the outside in (inside out). The phenomenon of reshock caused by the waves reflected from the origin is also studied. A qualitative understanding of this system has been achieved. Detailed studies of the growth rate of the fingers at the unstable interface are presented. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Zhang, Q (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. OI ZHANG, Qiang /0000-0002-8659-5396 NR 35 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD APR PY 1998 VL 10 IS 4 BP 974 EP 992 DI 10.1063/1.869624 PG 19 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA ZE096 UT WOS:000072757300022 ER PT J AU Witmer, BG Kline, PB AF Witmer, BG Kline, PB TI Judging perceived and traversed distance in virtual environments SO PRESENCE-TELEOPERATORS AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article ID PERCEPTION; LOCOMOTION; INFORMATION; SPEED; TIME AB The ability to accurately estimate distance is an essential component of navigating large-scale spaces. Although the factors that influence distance estimation have been a topic of research in real-world environments for decades and are well known, research on distance estimation in virtual environments (VEs) has only just begun. Initial investigations of distance estimation in VEs suggest that observers are less accurate in estimating distance in VEs than in the real world (Lampton et al., 1995). Factors influencing distance estimates may be divided into those affecting perceived distance (visual cues only) and those affecting traversed distance to include visual, cognitive, and proprioceptive cues. To assess the contribution of the various distance cues in VEs, two experiments were conducted. The first required a static observer to estimate the distance to a cylinder placed at various points along a 130-foot hallway. This experiment examined the effects of floor texture, floor pattern, and object size on distance estimates in a VE. The second experiment required a moving observer to estimate route segment distances and total route distances along four routes, each totaling 1210 feet. This experiment assessed the effects of movement method, movement speed, compensatory cues, and wall texture density. Results indicate that observers underestimate distances both in VEs and in the real world, but the underestimates are more extreme in VEs. Texture did not reliably affect the distance estimates, providing no compensation for the gross underestimates of distance in VE. Traversing a distance improves the ability to estimate that distance, but more natural means of moving via a treadmill do not necessarily improve distance estimates over traditional methods of moving in VE (e. g., using a joystick). The addition of compensatory cues (tone every 10 feet traversed on alternate route segments) improves VE distance estimation to almost perfect performance. C1 USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Witmer, BG (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM WITMERB@stricom.army.mil NR 50 TC 123 Z9 124 U1 1 U2 10 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 1054-7460 J9 PRESENCE-TELEOP VIRT JI Presence-Teleoper. Virtual Env. PD APR PY 1998 VL 7 IS 2 BP 144 EP 167 DI 10.1162/105474698565640 PG 24 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA ZF951 UT WOS:000072949600005 ER PT J AU Marsh, D AF Marsh, D TI Gain customer loyalty the old-fashioned way SO QUALITY PROGRESS LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Transportat Battal 833D, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Marsh, D (reprint author), USA, Transportat Battal 833D, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA ASQC MEMBERSHIP MANAGER 611 E. WISCONSIN AVENUE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53202 USA SN 0033-524X J9 QUAL PROG JI Qual. Prog. PD APR PY 1998 VL 31 IS 4 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA ZF898 UT WOS:000072944300002 ER PT J AU Hilton, JD AF Hilton, JD TI Corps dredging program continues business adjustments SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Dredging & Naviagat Branch, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Hilton, JD (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Dredging & Naviagat Branch, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 USA SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4 BP 26 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA ZK030 UT WOS:000073277900004 ER PT J AU Choi, YS Reid, T AF Choi, YS Reid, T TI Anemia and red cell distribution width at the 12-month well-baby examination SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IRON-DEFICIENCY; VOLUME; MCV; RDW AB Background. Screens for anemia are among the most commonly done laboratory tests in children. The red cell distribution width (RDW) has been proposed as a diagnostic aid in the evaluation of pediatric anemias, but no prospective studies have been published describing its use. Methods. A screening hematocrit determination done at the 12-month well-baby examination in 970 healthy infants yielded 62 low values (<33%), 31 of which were confirmed by heel stick complete blood count (CBC). After a 1-month trial of iron therapy, those with a rise in hemoglobin of at least 1 g/dL were considered to have iron-deficiency anemia. Nonresponders, after review of clinical and laboratory data (CBC, lead screen, and sickle screen), had hemoglobin electrophoresis if indicated. Results. Abnormalities detected were iron deficiency, alpha-thalassemia, and hemoglobins SC and AS. These conditions were detected in 9 of 11 infants with abnormal RDW and none of 9 with normal RDW. Conclusions, The RDW alone appears to be predictive of identifiable causes of anemia when used in screening 12-month-old babies who are otherwise healthy. C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. RP Choi, YS (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD APR PY 1998 VL 91 IS 4 BP 372 EP 374 DI 10.1097/00007611-199804000-00012 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 170AD UT WOS:000078782200012 PM 9563431 ER PT J AU Polly, DW Sturm, PF AF Polly, DW Sturm, PF TI Traction versus supine side bending - Which technique best determines curve flexibility? SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; supine bending radiographs; traction radiographs ID ADOLESCENT IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS; SELECTION AB Study Design. A prospective study performed in two institutions where patients scheduled for surgical management of scoliosis were evaluated with traction and supine side bending radiographs to determine curve flexibility. Objective. To determine if there is a difference in the flexibility of curves as determined by side bending or traction films. Methods. Fifty-eight patients scheduled for surgery underwent preoperative radiographic evaluation using supine side bending and traction radiographs. The surgeons were free to use the information as they saw fit in determining levels of fusion. All curves were measured using the method of Cobb. Curves were analyzed in three groups: > 60 degrees, 50-60 degrees, and < 50 degrees. A comparison then was made between the traction and side bend films to determine which method demonstrated greater flexibility. Measurement error was assumed to be +/- 5 degrees. If the measurements were within 5 degrees, then the two methods were considered to be equivalent. Results. In curves > 60 degrees, greater flexibility was seen on traction films. In curves < 50 degrees, side bending showed greater flexibility. In curves between 50 degrees and 60 degrees, side bending showed greater flexibility in the thoracic spine, whereas in the lumbar spine both films showed equivalent flexibility. Conclusions. Traction shows greater curve flexibility in curves > 50 degrees, whereas in curves < 50 degrees, side bending shows greater flexibility. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Washington, DC USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Washington, DC 20010 USA. George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Washington, DC USA. RP Polly, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 11 TC 38 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD APR 1 PY 1998 VL 23 IS 7 BP 804 EP 808 DI 10.1097/00007632-199804010-00013 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA ZF625 UT WOS:000072915800013 PM 9563111 ER PT J AU Lowy, A AF Lowy, A TI The myth of neuropsychiatry. SO THEORETICAL MEDICINE AND BIOETHICS LA English DT Book Review C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lowy, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-7415 J9 THEOR MED BIOETH JI Theor. Med. Bioeth. PD APR PY 1998 VL 19 IS 2 BP 193 EP 197 DI 10.1023/A:1009934509443 PG 5 WC Ethics; Social Issues; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Social Issues; Biomedical Social Sciences GA ZH870 UT WOS:000073155700015 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG Ding, XZ McClain, DE AF Kiang, JG Ding, XZ McClain, DE TI Overexpression of HSP-70 attenuates increases in [Ca2+](i) and protects human epidermoid A-431 cells after chemical hypoxia SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-SHOCK RESPONSE; RABBIT CAROTID-BODY; CYTOSOLIC FREE CA2+; INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; CULTURED-HEPATOCYTES; ISCHEMIC-INJURY; EXPRESSION; CYANIDE; INDUCTION; HSP70 AB This laboratory previously reported that thermotolerance diminishes the NaCN-induced increase in intracellular free calcium concentrations ([Ca2+](i)) in human epidermoid A-431 cells and that blocking this increase protects the cells from NaCN toxicity. In this study, we report that cell viability after exposure to NaCN (10 mM, 1 h) is enhanced by the overexpression of HSP-70 resulting from heat shock (45 degrees C, 10 min), treatment with a protein kinase C activator phorbol 12 myristate 13-acetate (PMA; 1 mu M, 4 h), or HSP-70 cDNA transfection. Because the toxicity of NaCN is mediated by increases in [Ca2+], we sought to determine whether the overexpression of HSP-70 might protect the cells by altering the [Ca2+](i) response induced by NaCN. Basal [Ca2+](i) in vector-, HSF1 cDNA-, and HSP-70 cDNA-transfected cells was 114 +/- 11(n = 11), 95 +/-5 (n = 6), and 151 +/- 11 (n = 15) nM, respectively, suggesting that HSP-70 metabolism is associated with maintenance of resting [Ca2+](i). Removal of external Ca2+ reduced the resting [Ca2+](i) in all of these cells. With external Ca2+ present, NaCN increased [Ca2+](i) by 97 +/- 21% in vector-transfected cells and 111 +/- 5% in HSF1 vector-transfected cells but by only 27 +/- 8% in HSP-70 cDNA-transfected cells. Heat shock or PMA treatment of vector-or HSF1 cDNA-transfected cells to induce HSP-70 also attenuated the NaCN-induced increase in [Ca2+](i), perhaps because of a decrease in V-max for the uptake of external Ca2+. Removal of external Ca2+ or treatment with inhibitors of Na+/Ca2+ exchangers eliminated the NaCN-induced increase in [Ca2+](i) in HSP-70 cDNA-transfected cells, but ryanodine treatment did not. HSP-70 cDNA transfection also reduced Ca2+ mobilization stimulated by various Ca2+-mobilizing agents. The results suggest that HSP-70 overexpression protects cells from NaCN cytotoxicity, perhaps by attenuating the [Ca2+](i) response. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Div Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Radiat Biochem Dept, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Kiang, JG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Div Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 52 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD APR PY 1998 VL 149 IS 2 BP 185 EP 194 DI 10.1006/taap.1997.8364 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA ZJ909 UT WOS:000073265900008 PM 9571987 ER PT J AU Keller, JE Nicholson, JD Adler, M AF Keller, JE Nicholson, JD Adler, M TI Design of a perfusion system for physiological preparations to conserve high molecular weight reagents SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article DE botulinum toxin B; capillary electrophoresis; mouse diaphragm muscle; stirred cell; twitch tension AB A perfusion system was designed for the purpose of conserving reagents and/or limiting the quantities of hazardous materials generated during in vitro electrophysiological experiments. The apparatus consisted of a stirred cell assembly and an, appropriate size-exclusion filter to combine a recirculating flow with a continuous flow of substance-free solution. The system was able to achieve a rapid exchange of solution in the recording chamber without loss of the high molecular weight test substances, botulinum toxin B or an IgG immunocomplex, over a 4-h period of perfusion. Selective filtration was accomplished by directing a continuous influx of fresh solution to the stirred cell to clear low molecular weight components, while incorporating a 100-kDa cut off filter in the efflux-to-waste flow to retain the desired high molecular weight substances. Adsorption of these substances to the filter and assembly was minimized by use of a low, protein binding filter and inclusion of 0.1 mg/mL bovine serum albumen. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. DAKKRO Corp, Littleton, CO USA. RP Adler, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Neurotoxicol Branch, Div Pharmacol, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD APR-JUN PY 1998 VL 8 IS 2 BP 127 EP 137 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA ZW934 UT WOS:000074463000005 ER PT J AU Czerwinski, SE Maxwell, DM Lenz, DE AF Czerwinski, SE Maxwell, DM Lenz, DE TI A method for measuring octanol : water partition coefficients of highly toxic organophosphorus compounds SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article DE chemical warfare agents; gas chromatograph; octanol : water; organophosphates; organophosphonates; organophosphorus compounds; partition coefficient AB Octanol:water partition coefficients (logP) can be used to provide invaluable information for the overall understanding of the up take distribution, biotransformation, and elimination of a wide variety of chemicals. This is especially important in the study of certain. classes of organophosphorus compounds, e.g., chemical warfare agents. Although several analytical methods currently exist for providing the necessary data for determination of logP values, their use in the study of chemical warfare agents has been limited due to the rapid hydrolysis and biolethality of this class of compounds. To overcome those limitations a rapid, convenient, and safe method for generating the required data was developed using a computer-controlled gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with a nitrogen phosphorus detector. For method development four organophosphorus compounds were used: diisopropyl methyl phosphonate (DIMP), diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate (paraoxon), diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), and pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (soman). The method was capable of determining the concentration of DIMP in. hexane over the concentration range of 1 to I x 10(-4) mg/mL by comparing the GC peak areas to analytic standards (r(2) = 0. 999). The latter concentration was found to be the limiting concentration for qualitative analysis. A concentration of analyte of 10(-2) mg/mL was found to provide excellent quantitative results. The intra- and interanalysis coefficient of variation. (CV) for DIMP, over the concentration range 10(-1) to 10(-2) mg/mL in octanol subsequently diluted 1:100 in, hexane or in. water subsequently extracted with art equal volume of octanol followed by a 1:100 dilution in hexane, were 7.3 and 3.5%, respectively. The intra- and interanalysis CV for paraoxon, DFP or soman, each at a fixed concentration of 10-2 mg/mL in the same two solvents and treated in the same manner as DIMP, were 4. 0 and 5. 6% for paraoxon, 3.3 and 3. 6% for DFP, and 0. 7 and 1.1% for soman, respectively. Log P values were determined and found to be 0.478 for DIMP, 1. 600 for paraoxon, 1.173 for DFP, and 1.824 for soman. All results were in excellent agreement with previously determined theoretical or experimental values. Based on the logP determined for DFP and soman it was possible to estimate the fluorophosphate and fluorophosphonate fragment values to be -2.14 and -1. 97, respectively. Using this method toxic organophosphorus compounds at a concentration of 10(-2) mg/mL could be analyzed directly in octanol, the organic solvent used for log P determinations. This analytical method was reproducible, safe, and sensitive where determination of the presence of organophosphorus compounds is a desired endpoint for comparative in vitro analytical studies. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Czerwinski, SE (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD APR-JUN PY 1998 VL 8 IS 2 BP 139 EP 149 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA ZW934 UT WOS:000074463000006 ER PT J AU Benton, BJ Keller, SA Spriggs, DL Capacio, BR Chang, FCT AF Benton, BJ Keller, SA Spriggs, DL Capacio, BR Chang, FCT TI Recovery from the lethal effects of saxitoxin: A therapeutic window for 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE 4-aminopyridine; 4-AP; saxitoxin; STX; cardiorespiratory collapse; therapeutic window; artificial ventilation; sodium bicarbonate; guinea pigs; diaphragmatic electromyogram; electrocorticogram; electrocardiogram ID TETRODOTOXIN; AMINOPYRIDINES; MEMBRANES AB We have shown that saxitoxin (STX) induced lethality can be reversed by 4-AP when it is administered at the time of respiratory arrest [Benton, B. J., Spriggs, D. L., Capacio, B. R. and Chang, F.-C. T. (1995) 4-Aminopyridine antagonizes the lethal effects of saxitoxin (STX) and tetrodotoxin (TTX). International Society of Toxicology, 5th Pan American Symposium on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins, Frederick, MD. July/August 1995, p. 217]. The purpose of this study was to determine whether 4-AP's efficacy could be enhanced further when administered at different times relative to STX intoxication. The animals used in this study were chronically instrumented for concurrent recordings of diaphragm electromyogram (DEMG), neck skeletal muscle electromyogram, Lead II electrocardiogram, and electrocorticogram (ECoG). There were five groups of unanesthetized guinea pigs, The first group served as 4-AP controls and received a 2 mg/kg i.m. dose of 4-AP. The four remaining groups were given a lethal dose of STX (5 mu g/kg i.m.); the second group, STX controls, received no 4-AP; the third group, the 4-AP treatment group, received 4-AP immediately following cardiorespiratory collapse; the fourth group was the 4-AP/STX co-administration group and 4-AP was given concurrently with STX; and the fifth group was the 4-AP pretreatment group in which 4-AP was given 10 min before STX. At the point of STX-induced cardiorespiratory collapse, the guinea pigs were ventilated and given an i.p. injection of sodium bicarbonate. Results showed that 4-AP prevented cardiorespiratory collapse in 3/7 animals in the 4-AP pretreatment group. Also, 4-AP in conjunction with artificial ventilation and sodium bicarbonate accelerated recovery from STX-induced cardiorespiratory collapse in all the treatment groups compared to the STX controls. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Benton, BJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD APR PY 1998 VL 36 IS 4 BP 571 EP 588 DI 10.1016/S0041-0101(97)00158-X PG 18 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA ZR133 UT WOS:000073940000002 PM 9643470 ER PT J AU Zhou, M Liu, Q Wongsrichanalai, C Suwonkerd, W Panart, K Prajakwong, S Pensiri, A Kimura, M Matsuoka, H Ferreira, MU Isomura, S Kawamoto, F AF Zhou, M Liu, Q Wongsrichanalai, C Suwonkerd, W Panart, K Prajakwong, S Pensiri, A Kimura, M Matsuoka, H Ferreira, MU Isomura, S Kawamoto, F TI High prevalence of Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale in malaria patients along the Thai-Myanmar border, as revealed by acridine orange staining and PCR-based diagnoses SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium malariae; Plasmodium ovale; Thailand; Myanmar; acridine orange staining; PCR diagnosis ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MICROTITER PLATE-HYBRIDIZATION; FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; RAPID DIAGNOSIS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; FIELD SAMPLES; PARASITES; IDENTIFICATION; FALCIPARUM; INFECTIONS AB The prevalence of the four human malaria parasites was investigated among malaria patients at northern, central and southern towns in Thailand along the border with Myanmar between September 1995 and May 1996. Thin smears obtained from 548 Thai and Burmese patients were reviewed by an acridine orange staining method, and many mixed infections with two to four species, including P. malariae and P. ovale, were detected. These diagnostic results were compared with those by two PCR-based diagnoses, microtitre plate hybridization (MPH) and a nested PCR method, both of which targets the same, species-specific regions in the 18S rRNA genes. In both PCR diagnoses, many P. malariae and P. ovale infections were also detected. Detection sensitivity of P. malariae infection was higher in nested PCR than MPH, and a total prevalence of P. malariae infection estimated by nested PCR reached 24.3% (133/548). In 16 of them, the size of PCR products amplified by the P. malariae-specific primer was about 20-bp shorter than the expected size of 115-bp. Four of 16 possessed two different bands with normal and shorter sizes, suggesting that P. malariae isolates may be separated into two types, and that those with shorter products may be new variant form (s) with a nucleotide deletion in the target region. On the other hand, 21 P. ovale infections (3.8%) were detected by nested PCR, but four of them were MPH-negative because of the sequence variation at the probe region. These results indicated that the prevalence of P. malariae and P. ovale along the Thai-Myanmar border may be substantially higher than previously reported. C1 Nagoya Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Zool, Nagoya, Aichi 466, Japan. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Parasitol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Vector Borne Dis Control Ctr 2, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Prov Hlth Dept, Ranong, Thailand. Osaka City Univ, Sch Med, Biophys Lab, Osaka 545, Japan. Jichi Med Coll, Dept Med Zool, Minami Kawachi, Tochigi, Japan. RP Kawamoto, F (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Zool, Nagoya, Aichi 466, Japan. RI Ferreira, Marcelo/G-8289-2011; OI Ferreira, Marcelo/0000-0002-5293-9090; Matsuoka, Hiroyuki/0000-0001-8839-0012 NR 24 TC 63 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1360-2276 EI 1365-3156 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD APR PY 1998 VL 3 IS 4 BP 304 EP 312 DI 10.1046/j.1365-3156.1998.00223.x PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA ZP751 UT WOS:000073784800009 PM 9623932 ER PT J AU Allerton, J Seay, T Optenberg, S Coltman, CA Higgins, B Thompson, I Lovato, L AF Allerton, J Seay, T Optenberg, S Coltman, CA Higgins, B Thompson, I Lovato, L TI Army and air force leadership in the prostate cancer prevention trial SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on the Evaluation and Management of the Adult Male with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms CY JUN 05-08, 1997 CL AMELIA ISLAND, FLORIDA SP Merck & Co Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania ID CARCINOMA; HYPERPLASIA; ANTIGEN AB Prostate cancer is now the most common solid tumor in men in the United States. Although the current public health approach to this disease is early diagnosis and treatment, investigations are also focusing on the possibility of disease prevention. The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial, begun in 1993, has completed recruitment of 18,000 men who will be randomized to receive either finasteride or placebo to determine if finasteride can prevent the development of this disease. Both Army and Air Force institutions are participating in this trial, with four Department of Defense institutions contributing over 10% of the patients randomized. The results of this study may have a major impact on active duty personnel for whom prevention of prostate cancer may become possible. (C) 1998, Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol Surg, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. SW Oncol Grp, Operat Off, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ctr Healthcare Educ & Studies, San Antonio, TX USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Allerton, J (reprint author), 55th MDW MMIH, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD APR PY 1998 VL 51 IS 4A SU S BP 64 EP 66 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(98)00058-2 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZK752 UT WOS:000073359000011 PM 9586599 ER PT J AU Crawford, ED Blumenstein, B Thompson, I AF Crawford, ED Blumenstein, B Thompson, I TI Type III statistical error SO UROLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Ctr Stat, SW Oncol Grp, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Crawford, ED (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, 4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD APR PY 1998 VL 51 IS 4 BP 675 EP 675 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZJ993 UT WOS:000073274300031 PM 9586628 ER PT J AU Rogers, CJ AF Rogers, CJ TI The efficacy of the English longbow: A reply to Kelly DeVries SO WAR IN HISTORY LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rogers, CJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 3BH SN 0968-3445 J9 WAR HIST JI War Hist. PD APR PY 1998 VL 5 IS 2 BP 233 EP 242 DI 10.1191/096834498675015087 PG 10 WC History; International Relations SC History; International Relations GA ZN326 UT WOS:000073634700005 ER PT J AU Szaro, RC Berc, J Cameron, S Cordle, S Crosby, M Martin, L Norton, D O'Malley, R Ruark, G AF Szaro, RC Berc, J Cameron, S Cordle, S Crosby, M Martin, L Norton, D O'Malley, R Ruark, G TI The ecosystem approach: science and information management issues, gaps and needs SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE ecological approach; information management; role of science AB Changing public expectations and increased public involvement have challenged traditional management policies and practices. And with these challenges, the need for scientific information as a foundation for resource management decisions continues to increase dramatically especially when policy and management decisions are highly dependent on the quality and quantity of the available information and science. To facilitate this, the interface between social, economic, physical-biological, and ecological models must be improved. New and existing research results have to be assembled and formatted into packages that are usable by managers and decision-makers so that they are able to reasonably predict the future condition of resources resulting from management options. This study identified several key gaps in the science base needed for the implementation of ecosystem management including: ecology on multiple scales, multiple species science, monitoring and evaluation, 'benchmarks' of ecosystem condition, socioeconomic sciences and valuation, human dimensions of natural resource use, ecological restoration technology development, quantifying uncertainty and assessing risk, modeling, and the adaptive management process. However, the major lessons learned through this study are that, whereas it may be important to identify key scientific gaps, the barriers and their solutions may be more social or institutional than scientific in nature. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20090 USA. John Hansen Business Ctr, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. Off Management & Budget, Nat Resource Div, Washington, DC 20503 USA. US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessments 8601, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Water Resources Support Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. US EPA, Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds 4503F, Assessment & Watershed Protect Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. US Dept Interior, Washington, DC 20240 USA. Execut Off President, Environm Div, Off Sci & Technol Policy, Washington, DC 20500 USA. RP Szaro, RC (reprint author), Int Union Forestry Res Org IUFRO, Special Programme Dev Countries, Seckendorff Guden Weg 8, A-1131 Vienna, Austria. NR 5 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD MAR 31 PY 1998 VL 40 IS 1-3 BP 89 EP 101 DI 10.1016/S0169-2046(97)00101-1 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA ZV370 UT WOS:000074297800009 ER PT J AU He, JA Samuelson, L Li, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK AF He, JA Samuelson, L Li, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK TI Oriented bacteriorhodopsin/polycation multilayers by electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; PURPLE MEMBRANE; ARTIFICIAL PHOTORECEPTOR; SUCCESSIVE DEPOSITION; ULTRATHIN MULTILAYER; ALTERNATE LAYERS; PROTEIN; ADSORPTION; ORIENTATION; POLYELECTROLYTES AB The purple membrane (PM) containing bacteriorhodopsin (BR) is a promising biomaterial for many potential optical and optoelectronic device applications. Organized, heterogeneous assemblies using polycationic poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) (PDAC) and PM fragments have been successfully constructed by the spontaneous alternating adsorption of PDAC and PM. The fabrication process of the multilayers was followed by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and ellipsometry. The results indicate that the deposition process is linear and highly reproducible from layer to layer and that a monomolecular film of PM may be obtained in each PDAC/PM bilayer by controlling the adsorption time. Second harmonic generation measurements from the composite films gave a second-order susceptibility chi((2)) of 8.1 X 10(-9) esu and confirm that the PM fragments are arrayed with a high degree of orientation and acentric polar order in the films. Atomic force microscopy images provided the surface morphology of sequential layers of PDAC and PM fragments. Relative PDAC/PM bilayer thicknesses of 55 Angstrom were observed, and the homogeneity of the layers was found to improve as the number of layers increased. C1 Univ Lowell, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Lowell, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Mol Technol Inc, Westford, MA 01886 USA. RP Tripathy, SK (reprint author), Univ Lowell, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. NR 45 TC 125 Z9 127 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 31 PY 1998 VL 14 IS 7 BP 1674 EP 1679 DI 10.1021/la971336y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA ZF614 UT WOS:000072914700027 ER PT J AU Shaw, LL Lavernia, EJ Krishnamurthy, S Chen, ES AF Shaw, LL Lavernia, EJ Krishnamurthy, S Chen, ES TI Advances in Synthesis and Processing of Metal and Ceramic Matrix Composites - 9-13 February 1997, Orlando, Florida, USA - Preface SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. USA, Res Off, Washington, DC USA. RP Shaw, LL (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD MAR 31 PY 1998 VL 244 IS 1 BP IX EP IX PG 1 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA ZH404 UT WOS:000073105400001 ER PT J AU Tezduyar, T Aliabadi, S Behr, M AF Tezduyar, T Aliabadi, S Behr, M TI Enhanced-Discretization Interface-Capturing Technique (EDICT) for computation of unsteady flows with interfaces SO COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID ALGORITHM; DYNAMICS; SCHEMES AB We present the Enhanced-Discretization Interface-Capturing Technique (EDICT) for computation of unsteady flow problems with interfaces, such as two-fluid and free-surface flows. In EDICT, we solve, over a non-moving mesh, the Navier-Stokes equations together with an advection equation governing the evolution of an interface function with two distinct values identifying the two fluids. The starting point for the spatial discretization of these equations are the stabilized finite element formulations which possess good stability and accuracy properties. To increase the accuracy in modeling the interfaces, we use finite element functions corresponding to enhanced discretization at and near the interface. These functions are designed to have multiple components, with each component coming from a different level of mesh refinement over the same computational domain. The primary component of the functions for Velocity and pressure comes from the base mesh called Mesh-1. A subset of the elements in Mesh-1 are identified to be at or near the interface, and depending on where the interface is, this subset could change from one time level to another. A Mesh-2 is constructed by patching together the second-level meshes generated over this subset of elements, and the second component of the functions for velocity and pressure comes from Mesh-2. For the interface function, we have a third component coming from a Mesh-3 which is constructed by patching together the third-level meshes generated over a subset of elements in Mesh-2. With parallel computation of the test problems presented here, we demonstrate that the EDICT can be used very effectively to increase the accuracy of the base finite element formulations. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Univ Minnesota, Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RP Tezduyar, T (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Army HPC Res Ctr, 1100 Washington Ave S, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RI Behr, Marek/H-5401-2011; Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Behr, Marek/0000-0003-4257-8276; Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 17 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0045-7825 J9 COMPUT METHOD APPL M JI Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. PD MAR 30 PY 1998 VL 155 IS 3-4 BP 235 EP 248 DI 10.1016/S0045-7825(97)00194-1 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA ZK372 UT WOS:000073313800002 ER PT J AU Cowan, FM AF Cowan, FM TI Concord and conflicts blur science and invention SO SCIENTIST LA English DT Editorial Material AB CONCORD and conflicts: Patent law and science systems have coexisted for nearly two centuries without losing their respective identities. However, a period of some adjustment in patent law, and to a lesser degree of science conventions, is inevitable as the "endless frontiers" of science converge with invention and commerce, contends Fred M. Cowan, a research biologist at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense in Maryland. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Cowan, FM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SCIENTIST INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 MARKET ST SUITE 450, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA SN 0890-3670 J9 SCIENTIST JI Scientist PD MAR 30 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 7 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Information Science & Library Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZD727 UT WOS:000072717400007 ER PT J AU Gorbunov, NV Tyurina, YY Salama, G Day, BW Claycamp, HG Argyros, G Elsayed, NM Kagan, VE AF Gorbunov, NV Tyurina, YY Salama, G Day, BW Claycamp, HG Argyros, G Elsayed, NM Kagan, VE TI Nitric oxide protects cardiomyocytes against tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced formation of alkoxyl and peroxyl radicals and peroxidation of phosphatidylserine SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN RESONANCE; SPERM WHALE MYOGLOBIN; NONHEME IRON; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RAT; MECHANISM; REPERFUSION; MYOTROPHIN; INJURY AB We studied protective effects of nitric oxide against tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative damage to cardiac myocytes. Two distinct free radicals species-alkoxyl radicals associated with nonheme iron catalytic sites and myoglobin protein-centered peroxyl radicals-were found in low-temperature EPR spectra of cardiac myocytes exposed to t-BuOOH. The t-BuOOH-induced radical formation was accompanied by site-specific oxidative stress in membrane phospholipids (peroxidation of phosphatidylserine) assayed by fluorescence HPLC after metabolic labeling of cell phospholipids with oxidation-sensitive cis-parinaric acid. An NO-donor, (Z)-1-[N-(3-ammonio-propyl)-N-(n-propyl)amino]-diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate], protected cardiac myocytes against tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced: (i) formation of non-protein-and protein-centered free radical species and (ii) concomitant peroxidation of phosphatidylserine. Thus nitric oxide can act as an effective antioxidant in live cardiomyocytes. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pharmacol, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gorbunov, NV (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA. NR 40 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAR 27 PY 1998 VL 244 IS 3 BP 647 EP 651 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7951 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA ZF658 UT WOS:000072919100007 PM 9535719 ER PT J AU Almazeedi, S Soares, R Lammi, E Roy, SH Bonato, P Fulco, CS Lewis, SF AF Almazeedi, S Soares, R Lammi, E Roy, SH Bonato, P Fulco, CS Lewis, SF TI Faster recovery of muscle force generating capacity after higher intensity dynamic exercise SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Boston Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Neuromuscular Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 3737 BP A643 EP A643 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006500120 ER PT J AU Anderson, D Byers, S Vesely, K AF Anderson, D Byers, S Vesely, K TI Treatment of sulfur mustard (HD) induced lung injury. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 4584 BP A791 EP A791 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006500970 ER PT J AU Atkins, J Scott, D Bentley, T Nelson, L Pearce, F AF Atkins, J Scott, D Bentley, T Nelson, L Pearce, F TI O-2 inhalation after hemorrhage depresses respiration and increases pCO(2). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 5740 BP A992 EP A992 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006502123 ER PT J AU Bhattacharjee, AK Karle, JM AF Bhattacharjee, AK Karle, JM TI Molecular electronic properties to aid the design of reversal agents for multidrug resistance of the antimalarial mefloquine. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 4478 BP A773 EP A773 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006500864 ER PT J AU Burns, AR Bowden, RA MacDonell, SD Walker, DC Odebunmi, TO Brown, ES Thurmon, LT Simon, SI Entman, ML Smith, CW AF Burns, AR Bowden, RA MacDonell, SD Walker, DC Odebunmi, TO Brown, ES Thurmon, LT Simon, SI Entman, ML Smith, CW TI Neutrophil transmigration does not disrupt endothelial junctions SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 4655 BP A803 EP A803 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006501037 ER PT J AU Cassidy, RA Delgado, AV Goodwin, C AF Cassidy, RA Delgado, AV Goodwin, C TI The effects of beta-estradiol on nitric oxide (NO) levels in human granulocytes (PMNs) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 6046 BP A1045 EP A1045 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006502428 ER PT J AU Castellani, JW Young, AJ Sawka, MN Pandolf, KB AF Castellani, JW Young, AJ Sawka, MN Pandolf, KB TI Human thermoregulatory responses during serial cold water immersions. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 5565 BP A961 EP A961 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006501948 ER PT J AU Claybaugh, JR Sato, AK Yuan, B Uyehara, CFT Ichimura, WM AF Claybaugh, JR Sato, AK Yuan, B Uyehara, CFT Ichimura, WM TI Vasopressin and cardiovascular responses to 5 hours of hyperbaric hypoxia (400 torr) in SHR and WKY rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 5986 BP A1034 EP A1034 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006502367 ER PT J AU Cooper, MF Armstrong, KL Lawless, NP Williams, MT Morris, JR Topper, MJ Elsayed, NM AF Cooper, MF Armstrong, KL Lawless, NP Williams, MT Morris, JR Topper, MJ Elsayed, NM TI Pathological comparison between the effects of single and multiple exposures to blast overpressure in six rat organs. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 4583 BP A791 EP A791 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006500967 ER PT J AU Doherty, TJ AF Doherty, TJ TI Modeling transcapillary fluid exchange for studies of hemorrhage and fluid resuscitation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 3933 BP A678 EP A678 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006500317 ER PT J AU Hoffman, B Gouty, SC Eder, LC Chang, FCT AF Hoffman, B Gouty, SC Eder, LC Chang, FCT TI A comparative survey of pathophysiology induced by soman, VX and a structural isomer of VX, O-isobutyl S-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]methylphosphonothioate. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 4057 BP A699 EP A699 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006500439 ER PT J AU Hoyt, RW Buller, MJ Matthew, WT Redin, MS Poor, RD Kearns, C AF Hoyt, RW Buller, MJ Matthew, WT Redin, MS Poor, RD Kearns, C TI Use of ambulatory monitoring to define carbohydrate requirements of soldiers in the field SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. MIT, Media Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. USA, Dismounted Battlespace Lab, Infantry Sch, Ft Benning, GA 31905 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 3800 BP A654 EP A654 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006500186 ER PT J AU Kausalva, S Nath, J AF Kausalva, S Nath, J TI Neutrophil-bronchial epithelial cell interactions: Role of IL-12 in adhesion and cytotoxicity. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 3747 BP A645 EP A645 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006500133 ER PT J AU Koratich, M Gaffin, SL AF Koratich, M Gaffin, SL TI Probing intracellular calcium with extreme heat SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 4243 BP A731 EP A731 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006500627 ER PT J AU Mcfaul, SJ Harbor, L Chavez, M AF Mcfaul, SJ Harbor, L Chavez, M TI Binding of Zn-globin to human leukocytes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Blood Res Detachment, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 4640 BP A801 EP A801 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006501024 ER PT J AU Mcintee, EJ Wagner, CR Giordano, V Jeang, KT Chiang, PK AF Mcintee, EJ Wagner, CR Giordano, V Jeang, KT Chiang, PK TI Amino acid phosphoramidates of antiviral 3-deazaadenosine analogs exhibit high potency and low cytotoxicity. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Med Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Jeang, Kuan-Teh/A-2424-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 4479 BP A773 EP A773 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006500862 ER PT J AU Morris, AC Riley, JL Fleming, WH Boss, JM AF Morris, AC Riley, JL Fleming, WH Boss, JM TI MHC class II gene silencing in trophoblast cells is caused by inhibition of CIITA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Emory Clin, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 6072 BP A1050 EP A1050 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006502457 ER PT J AU Morris, IL McDonough, IH Sozio, SM Shih, TM AF Morris, IL McDonough, IH Sozio, SM Shih, TM TI In vivo effects of biperiden and diazepam on brain cholinergic and aminergic neurotransmitters during soman-induced seizures. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, APG, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 4352 BP A750 EP A750 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006500736 ER PT J AU Palmer, DR Ballou, WR Krzych, U AF Palmer, DR Ballou, WR Krzych, U TI The requirement for memory CD4(+) T-cells in irradiated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite model of protective immunity. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 6189 BP A1070 EP A1070 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006502574 ER PT J AU Sehgal, D Schiaffella, E Anderson, AO Mage, RG AF Sehgal, D Schiaffella, E Anderson, AO Mage, RG TI Single cell PCR reveals rearranged V-H with germline sequences in spleens of immunized adult rabbits SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIAID, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Appl Res Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 5122 BP A885 EP A885 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006501507 ER PT J AU Uyehara, CFT Hashiro, GM Ye, D Burghardt, CA AF Uyehara, CFT Hashiro, GM Ye, D Burghardt, CA TI Vasopressin receptor desensitization of renal collecting duct cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 5987 BP A1034 EP A1034 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006502370 ER PT J AU Warber, IP Patton, JF Tharion, WJ Montian, SJ Mello, RP Lieberman, HR AF Warber, IP Patton, JF Tharion, WJ Montian, SJ Mello, RP Lieberman, HR TI Effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation on physical performance. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 20 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 SU S MA 6016 BP A1040 EP A1040 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 121HD UT WOS:000076006502399 ER PT J AU Robb, ML Khambaroong, C Nelson, KE AF Robb, ML Khambaroong, C Nelson, KE TI Studies in Thailand of the vertical transmission of HIV SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20012 USA. Chiang Mai Univ, Chiang Mai 50202, Thailand. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Robb, ML (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20012 USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 19 PY 1998 VL 338 IS 12 BP 843 EP 844 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZC163 UT WOS:000072546800032 PM 9508641 ER EF